We'll stay clear of more borrowing that is from the debt management office to the federal government. The debt management office has issued a stern warning to the federal government against additional borrowing, citing that 73.5% of this year's budget will be used to service debt, and this high debt service to revenue ratio is unsustainable and poses a threat to debt sustainability. Well this morning we have been joined by Mukta Mohamed, who is a financial analyst, to take a look at this and understand it better. Good morning Mr. Mohamed. Good morning. I was joining us via a phone. We wish you were here live in person, but we cannot understand the difficulties of navigating the legal route. Now Mr. Mukta, Nigeria has been running a deficit budget for many years, many years, with an increased level of borrowing. Nigerians kicked last year and this year against the borrowings of this last administration, to the point that Nigerians were worried that the country would suffer so much from the kind of borrowings that we saw in the last administration engaged in. But the night assembly then increased from the central bank from 5% to 15% limit. Now talk to us about how this message has hit you and the questions they raise. Well thank you. I think when it comes to borrowing, they are doing an administration like you said started where? In terms of borrowing, they were borrowing from specific projects, but later on it went a really weird way of what they're supposed to do. And at that time the debt management office kept saying that the debt to GDP was hokey. But remember people like us kept saying that it's not GDP you used to pay your debts, you actually use revenue and they kept using the GDP to deceive Nigeria. I'm surprised that the debt management office is now coming out to say we cannot borrow any longer because up till the time President Buhari was living, for my president Buhari was living, this debt management office kept saying that we're not at any risk. So for the first time they are now beginning to check the incoming administration, which is good. But I think it's coming too late because like you rightly pointed out the ways and the means is already increased and even before the outgoing administration, there have been some borrowing through the ways and the means that we shout that was too much on the high side. So definitely I don't think borrowing on itself or running a budget on deficit, even American budget on deficits, but then they are looking at their ability to be able to use those deficits to cover up in terms of projects that are revenue driven. But what we have in Nigeria is proven that they are politically driven, not projects that are revenue driven to pay off for some of these debts. Alright so when we're talking about these debts that the federal government borrowed, especially hurriedly towards determination of the last administrations, Nigerian kept asking what were these monies borrowed for? Where are they? Where are the things that they were borrowed for? Now in warning the federal government not to borrow anymore, they are advising for revenue to be increased, that they should target revenue increase. But then they are also talking about tax. They are looking to tax Nigerians more for that. How do you respond to that? Well, I don't think it's right for them to begin to tax Nigerians so much. They've started already with diesel, they said now if you buy diesel, you're going to pay 7.5 fat, which is, you know that diesel is mostly used by manufacturers and most of the industries in Nigeria. So definitely they are beginning to raise the cost of living. So goods and services that diesel dribbings are high and you know that almost every business in Nigeria is being run through diesel, even if you have the banks, if you have companies are so definitely that also is going to show like you rightly pointed out. But when it comes to tax, I still believe that the government need to come up with an innovative way of collecting tax because what we have now, the informal sector, which is the largest employer of labour in Nigeria, is still not taxed. What I mean the informal sector, you're talking about small businesses, you're talking about SMEs, you're talking about day-to-day businesses like the market for man. So those are the type of people that we should be looking at, how can we bring them into the tax next? If you can bring them into the tax next, you won't tax already tax. And to bring them into the tax next, there must be results that is showing as impacting on their businesses. They can be paying you tax and they are still providing power for themselves, they are still providing a lot of amenities for themselves. So definitely government need to come up with a way not to tax the already taxed. I always believe that government ways should be, how can we get the informal sector to pay tax?  They naturally want to pay tax so that they can see more development in those areas so that their businesses can improve. But what we have now is a government that is revenue-driven. And again, I keep saying in developed economy, tax has gone beyond for revenue. Tax is not being used as a means to grow the economy. So why are we not looking at that also to use tax to grow our economy? By bringing in multinationals, by bringing in service companies into this land and giving them tax bracket and by that they will provide employment and those people that provide employment for those people will pay tax and after sometime that same business will be into pay tax. So it will be a win-win situation for the government but as it stands now, I think government is more revenue-driven than tax to world. Still talking about revenue, improving revenue because they have no other way to go than to do that and also look into plugging some holes that should be plugged. Issues of personnel overload and capital expenditure, if not properly addressed, government may continue to borrow. And also talking about SMAs, you touched in a very, SMAs I discussed with a member of their association and they raised alarm over the fact that they are not receiving any kind of support from the government and I asked what about the bank of industry and he enumerated the challenges that they faced in getting any kind of loans from the bank of industry. Also there are some captains of industry who have complained that Monopoly has been given to some selected or anointed individual group which has killed a lot of the industries in this country. So if we're talking about improving revenue, what are the dynamics that must change? What are the dynamics that this federal government, this new sheriff in town, must change if revenue can be improved? You've said one thing, I think the first thing you need to look at the overhead cost, a bloated government civil service, they need to go back to the unauthorized reports, that report is still there. The former president said that we implement the unauthorized reports in detail and they never did anything about it. I think they should go back to the unauthorized reports and begin to look at agencies that are overlapping in each other and begin to see how they can bring those agencies together and then they do what we call right size and again but you know when it comes to right sizing we'll still come back to this revenue. If you are doing right sizing you must make sure you have the funds to be able to pay bloating order. You're saying they should leave the system, not keeping them out of the system for so long without paying, giving them their gratuity or what is to reduce them. Then when you talked about that they need to look at political appointees and the president were presently not seeing that yet. All previous presidents have had two senior special assistants, they are senior special assistants. I hope the current president will decide to just use one personal assistant whether I call it senior personal assistant or personal assistant or I'm talking about that of media and also they need to look at political appointees. How many special assistants do you have? I think the president has said in the right way by making you're just having 20 senior special assistants. So that is they need to look at that political appointees not using appointing so much of them and those when we talk about a special assistant, a special assistant, when a special assistant they now overbloat the civil service. Then in terms of revenue drive, I think the government should also look at look at the information sector and then also begin to cut the assesses in terms of look for, in terms of revenue drainage because a lot of revenue that are due to government are not coming to government because of the system that are in place so government need to improve upon their system in revenue drive so that we don't have somebody like what we have in the previous administration where they can general can be able to steal up to 120 years over 80 billion and yet there was no system to track it down until you finish stealing all this money. Those are revenue that are included to government and also government should also begin to look at what are they bringing to the table. What are they bringing to the table because again you need to bring something to the table to be able to attract revenue. Like I said, if the SMEs are complaining, why are you not looking at the SMEs? Why are you not giving some SMEs tax bracket because of the type of technology or because of the type of the type of product that they are selling? On the area of monopoly, I think sometimes I tend to, when people say some have been given monopoly. Let me give you an example. If you say dangutie have been given monopoly in the area of refined petroleum products. Remember that in a lot of companies, a lot of individuals, a lot of companies have been giving this license for years and none of them had the courage to even start a refinery. Yes, you might say that dangutie started the refinery and the federal government in turn supported him. So others should try and start their own and see whether the federal government will support them or not. Remember the only support that the federal government gave to dangutie has to do with the supply of effects at official rate for him because of the critical nature of what the project he was doing to the Nigerian economy. So other, you stop thinking about, oh in monopolize cement, we came to that at the point, but now people are not saying that again because there are other players and even in the refining of petroleum products. Remember that the governments still have other players now. Guwah refinery will still become on steam anytime soon. We have the modular refineries that have been giving license. They are now encouraged to begin to build the refinery because they realize that the government has finally deregulated that sector. Remember when dangutie was even building the refinery government was not even thinking of deregulation. What he was thinking of, look, if I bring my product, I know fully that some Nigerians will still buy from me and also if I'm not buying from Niger, I can export. He wasn't just thinking of Nigeria alone. So when they think of monopoly, sometimes I have a different view about that. Thank you. Well, clearly you do have a different view because those who do not share your view have their reasons also. But that's a matter for another day. But those, as I said, I am guessing and I believe beyond guessing that the new sheriff in town would have to do something to create the enabling environment for all investors to play fairly and win squarely so that if we're going to improve our revenue, the tax burden on Nigerians will not be so much because Nigerians are already crying to the high heavens. Well, what about the extant law, the latest legislation on government borrowing, especially the fiscal responsibility act 2007 as it relates to means and ways, advances in order to moderate the growth rate of public debt. I'm going back to this because this is one of the things that was raised by the DMO saying that this federal government should respect that. But we didn't see that respected by the last administration. Do you think that the last administration may have laid a very bad precedent that this administration may follow or do you see this administration respecting the law? The last administration laid a very bad precedent. We all know they did that and we all know why they did that. And again, remember, they also went through the legislations. So increased the ways and means by 15%. Even if it's yet to be signed into the law, we don't know whether that was passed. That was signed into law by President Buhari before he left office. So they've set a bad precedent. And it's good that institutions appeal to protect the nation. But what we had last time, we saw a CBM that was more or less like a like a parastatum under the presidency. And then we saw a debt management office that was toothless. Yeah, this is the first time that the debt management office seems to be having his voice heard in the area of borrowing because it seems to support every aspect of what the government said as regard borrowing up to yesterday that they made those statements. So for me, maybe we are going into a new dispensation whereby they're beginning to look at that and beginning to say, look, we don't have to go this route any longer. We have to just think differently. Maybe, maybe. But outside of that, I think the previous administration were copyable in the way they borrowed, especially like I said, they started well. I must give it to them initially. They were borrowing for infrastructures. They were, every borrowing was tied to specific projects, especially the Chinese, the loans that were coming from China. But after some time, they just saw that as one of the most convenient way of borrowing and getting money. And they just kept borrowing until the Chinese loan dried up. Because for three years now, the Chinese government refused to give us any loan. And that is why they set up. Okay, so just before we go, why do you think the DMO finally found your voice? I mean, I don't know. Maybe it's because of the policy of the current administration. It seems to be driving a policy of growing the economy. And the DMO wants to be part of that group. So they need to advise the president accordingly. For me, that's the way I think. Because outside of that, I don't see anything. Because the current, why the DMO is saying that President Polatini is in Paris at the moment in a financial summit. And what he's trying to do there is to attract investors into Nigeria. He should tell them, but look, these are the policies that have been made with that driving towards this. And that's so you can come into Nigeria. So, but the dead management of the map is saying that in case they're offering you because of your reform, please reject it. I'm sure that's why they are raising their voice at the moment. Outside of that, I don't see any reason for them raising their voice. All right. Thank you so much, Mr. Muhtar Mohammed. Thank you for your time and insight. My pleasure. Thank you. The breakfast continues. We'll be back in a moment with a very second hot topic. Stay with us.


Hi everyone, I'm Joe for jaspyscasebrakes.com coming at you with 2020-2021 Panini Mosaic UEFA Euro Soccer, two box random country break number 18. We sold 12 spots and everyone gets two countries from that list below right here and of course all card ship. This is the last two box of that case that we popped open and we don't have any more at the moment. So thanks everybody from breaks one through 18. Appreciate everybody getting into. Let's double you up. Here's all the teams right there and let's roll it. Let's randomize it one at a six, seven times for names and countries. One, two, three, four, five, six, and seventh and final time, again, Scott down to Mark. One and a six, seven times for the teams. One, two, three, four, five, six, and a one, seventh and final time. After seven we've got Austria down to Croatia. All right, Scott with Austria, Francis with Sweden, Dan with the Czech Republic, Mark with Slovakia, Francis with Hungary, Robert with Turkey, Matt with Belgium, Mark with Wales, Francis with Russia. Matt with Finland, Mark with France, Matt with Italy, Stephen Wright, Steve has the North Macedonia, Dan with Germany, Matt Arnold, Poland and Denmark, Francis with Ukraine, Robert with Scotland, Mark with Portugal. Excuse me. Sorry, I had to sneeze there for a second. Scott with the Netherlands and Spain, Steve with England, Mark with Switzerland and Croatia. Now, allergies have been really beating me up today. Let's sort by country right here and I'm going to pause the video, perhaps to sneeze a little bit more. When we come back we'll also see if there's any trades. We don't have the break. Stick around. We'll be right back. All right. Welcome back, folks. No deals were done, so let's do the break. There it is, the final printout, hot off the presses on a Monday. One autograph per box on average. We have not seen any, have we seen any train whistle hits? Out of fives and under? I feel like I've not seen too many of those, but maybe. Maybe we'll see. I'm excited about the Euro 2020 semifinals, ladies and gentlemen. Who does everyone have to win the whole thing? Tell me your thoughts. It's Italy, Spain tomorrow, 3 p.m. Eastern, 12 p.m. My time, and then we've got the, that's Italy, Spain tomorrow and then England, Denmark on Wednesday. I mean, that's a good final four. Italy, Spain and then England, Denmark, that's a good final four. I wouldn't mind seeing any combination of those teams in the final. Now, I do have a little bit of financial interest. My heart is kind of with, is with England, because I know so many, you know, English players just always kind of supported England over the years. We've got, we've got Calgar or maybe Salgar. So Yunco, my Turkish is a little rusty. That'll be for Robert and Turkey. Here's a rookie in the Mosaic parallel. That'll be for Russia. That's going to go to Francis and another rookie, Arian Adima for North Macedonia. Steve Wright. And we've got Pirai, sorry, sorry, for Finland. Scott with the fins, it's the rookie red. And there's Adrian Gerbic or Gerbic maybe. Austria, Scott with the rookie silver. My top low, that's feeding that power right there. Ja Fielisch. And there's Ridel Baku. Well, that looked like a different parallel. I thought it was going to be a black parallel for a second. Favorite soccer player, that's a good question. I don't really have specific favorite players, but I'm a big supporter of Liverpool. A big fan of Trent Alexander-Arnold on that club. Stephen Gerrard's an old school Liverpool player that I really like as well. Here's another fin, Robert Taylor for Scott. It's Bukayo Saka, the Arsenal man. Another one for England, Steve with the three Lions. Another rookie there. That'll be for the Czech Republic of Vladimir Kufal, for Dan and the Czech Republic. Phil Foden's pretty solid for Man City. So yeah, so I have a little bit of financial interest in Italy or Denmark winning it all. So my wallet is kind of with those teams, but I would definitely not mind seeing the three Lions, seeing England finally win a major tournament for the first time in ages. All right, good luck everybody. Second and final box. There's Mert Muldur, rookie silver for Turkey. That'll be for Robert. They're all cards of course. We'll shift. There's Jack Rielish, very, very creative player, Jack Rielish. There's Jayden Sancho, a couple of England players here for Steve Wright. They got a good combination of youngsters and more experienced players. They've got very steady coaching in Garrett Southgate. This might, could be their year, could be coming home. It's coming home, it's coming home, it's coming, football's coming home. We should have an autograph in our second box, have not seen it yet. This little box is Mark Rodak and Scott McKenna for Scotland for Robert, rookie silver. Some of these rookies, even if they're not selling well now, you can probably, especially if they're for a major company that's looking to qualify for the World Cup, which will be sooner than you know it. So it might be just a good idea to put them into a shoe box or something like that. And just see if they emerge later on. There's Yuri Telman's. Yuri Telman's, that's Belgium and that'll be for Matt Arnold. Right? That's Belgium, right? I feel like their logo looks, their badge looks a little different. Yeah, he played for Leicester City and is with Belgium, right? There's Willie Ordon and there's an Mbappe as well. He's young enough, he'll be back, play a lot of major tournaments, make some more noise. He's already got a World Cup under his belt. Hungary, Francis, this one's for Slovakia, Stanislav Lobotka for Mark, Virgil van Dijk for the Netherlands. The Big Liverpool Center back. Mogulier is another guy to watch, score some goals and there's Olivier Giroud for Le Bleu. That'll be for Mark and France. And there you go, ladies and gentlemen, thanks for watching, thanks for breaking with us. That was a 2021 Panini Mosaic UEFA Euro Soccer, two box, random country break number 18. Thanks for watching, thanks for breaking with us. I'll see you next time for the next one, bye-bye.


First of all, welcome everyone here in Dublin. Hope you have a great time here. Probably some of you already had a great lunch as well. This is a session about Drupal 8 Hidden Power, entity references, a component-based site builder. I will show you how I figured out to less entity references to create the rich, flexible websites. OK, I will be more loud. So this session is about entity references, which are now hopefully built in Drupal 8 Core. And I will show you how I utilize the Swam to build rich multilingual, multi-scaled, multi-layout websites. OK, let's go. This is actually a beautiful slide, not for the session, but for my bosses and for search engines. So let's keep it. Shortly, my name is Anton. I'm a UI leader in Acronis. And I'm working on the user interface development. And right now, as I wrote here, I'm working on the new concept of content management systems based on atomic design principles. So let's talk about it. And first thing we need to talk about is entity. Entity is in core now. That's great. That's really great. The only thing you should know about entity is simple. Yeah, but it's really simple, believe me. Here, we can see a part of internal structure of entity in Drupal Core. But my session is not about Drupal Core and internal structure. I want to talk more about site building site. So from this point of view, entity, it's simple set of fields. Nothing more. So let's look closer. What is entity? Entity, for example, node entity is just a title and body field. Nothing more. So node is entity with two predefined fields. Each field can be treated as atom of content. And the whole entity is kind of molecule. So you can define different kinds of add-ons, fields. You can mix them together in bundles. And you can define new entity types by defining different set of fields on them. This is a really basic principle, but it gives us really more power. And it's also well-known as atomic design. You can read more about atomic design using this link. But I want to focus more on Drupal application of these principles and how we can use entity references to get the power of atomic design right in Drupal. OK, we have built-in entities in Drupal, such as node entity, user, term, comment block, menu item, and many others. All of them are really simple. And as you can see, we are pretty similar, because we are just set of fields. Nothing more. If you want, you can define custom entities. For example, using ECK model, this is an entity construction kit. It's pretty handy. So for example, if you need some specific entity, you just can create it via Drupal admin interface. You can set custom fields and so on. You also have opportunity to create media entities. What is media entity? It's, for example, YouTube video or any other resource as the web. Right in the core, we have an ability to translate entities. So any of media entity, custom entity, or built-in entities can be easily translated using core mechanism. So you can create multilingual website and content. Let's see an example. For example, we have a user profile with a name and picture. We have another user profile with its name and picture. And now we have a node with title and body. And we can define a custom field which can hold references to user profiles. And here we have entity reference. So the next part is about references. Entity reference is now in Drupal with eight core. And that's great as well. Let's look a more complex example of using entity references. So, for example, we have a node and we have a user profile. And we want to have a user profile to be displayed inside the node. It could be not just a user profile who created this node. It could be just mentioned inside the node, or this node could be a biography of a user. So what we want to do, we want to nest one entity inside another entity. And we can do it by referencing to this entity. So this is another example of using references. Here we not just reference one entity from another entity. We want to nest one entity inside another entity and to render it as a hierarchical structure. Let's look what we will have using such mechanism. We can inline edit of nested entities. So for example, here, once node is rendered, we can switch to the inline edit in mode and edit user profile right on the node page. But it's pretty cool and handy to manage. We can also have contextual links inside Drupal core, which allows us not to edit inline, but to go directly to the entity edit form. We can also have inline entity form embedded right in the node editing page. So we can go to the editing page of this node and we can embed user inline form right in the node form. All of these examples are pretty straightforward. It's just the beginning. But let's go through so we can see this big picture. Entity pickers allows us to select existing entities and reference them inside another entity. So for example, here, we can fire entity browser for users and select the required user without searching it, without copy pasting its ID. Interesting thing that we can reference not just to entity, but to specific revision of an entity. So if you don't, for example, you have a user profile, you updated it, but you don't want to publish it on the node page yet. So we can just specify specific revision of this user profile and to render it on the node page. And interesting thing that you can specify different revisions on different pages, for example. So you can post updated user profile on the home page, for example, but you can post an older version of user profile somewhere else. It's possible because it's just entity reference and it's revision. Another interesting thing is the view mode. So using this contrib module, you can specify view mode in which to render reference in entity. So for example, when you are referencing to user profile, you can render it, you can create a new view mode and you can render it as, for example, an avatar or you can just display a username. Or for example, you can specify contact user view mode and render user profile as a contact button. It's really simple and it gives us really real power. Another thing you can do with entity references is live preview. So when editing one entity, which reference in another entity, you can preview what you will get. And this is done by entity reference live preview module. Everything sounds cool and pretty flexible, but we have a problem. We want to create rich pages like that. This is pretty simple, but anyway, it consists of many entities, many pieces of content. And entity reference is not just enough because we couldn't always reference menu item from menu, breadcrumbs, and so on. So we need to have something to help us here. We want to have entity references. We want to have its flexibility, but we also want to be able to create pages of any structure for any layout without dealing with references always. And here is where powers comes up. I call it entity tree. Entity tree is a kind of representation of our page. Let's look to it. For example, this page can be represented as a tree. We can define a page body. Yeah, let's start from this block of content first, not from all the page. Let's call it page body. Page body can be presented as two things, list of nodes and sidebar. We have a list of nodes on the left, and we have sidebar on the right. List of nodes consist of node teasers. Each consists of title field, body field, and embedded user profile. We are referencing each user profile as well consists of name, picture, and other fields probably. Sidebar consists of blocks. Each block has title and content. In terms of entities, this is some kind of such structure. So we have two-column layout entity. Using the ECK, for example, we can define new type of entity, for example, two-column layout. And we can then reference other entities from it. For example, list of nodes can be referenced. List of nodes is another type of layout entity, stack layout. Is it clear? I'm not sure, because I'm always thinking about pages in this way. So should I give some more comments? What do you think? Is this structure clear? Yes? OK, let's go. But this structure describes only the page body. But how about the whole page to be an entity tree? It's already, it also can be done easily. So we can define a page entity. Page can be split in menu, in header, and body, and in footer. And this is how it can be represented. So the whole page is stack layout. Menu is a special menu entity, consistent of link entities. Header is a custom entity. This is a special thing, because we can not just create it each new time. But we can use dynamic variables to render breadcrumbs and page title dynamically on every page. Body is our previous entity tree structure, and footer is just a piece of text. So what we have here? Here we can see that we are using layout entities. This is another concept. And it's really important to make all this happen. So I suggest to treat layouts as a content as well by using layout entities. This is a difference between, for example, this concept and panels, or something like this. Because once we define new custom entities as layouts, we can, of course, we can define custom layouts by defining custom entities. We have a layout translation out of the box, since this is just entity. We can have layout revisioning out of the box, since layout is just an entity, and so on, and so on. Of course, we can reference layout from layout. And this gives us ultimate flexibility. So once layouts are entities, we can highly reuse layouts through our website. Because this is just reference, nothing more. We can create different pages. I will show you an example right now. So yes, it's highly reusable. It's replaceable, since it's just reference, nothing more. And it's customizable, since it's just custom entity. We can create new entities. We can define new modes. We can specify fields, and it's up to us. No code we need to write down. And we can have more power using layout entities. First thing is a flat nesting. Let's show an example. This is a pretty common company page where we would like to display a list of directors and list of managers. So this is a stack layout. We have a title. We have two sections, directors and managers. Each section displays user profiles. So directors' user profiles and managers' user profiles are all the same. It's just user profiles. And we can reference user profiles right from our page using entity reference. So this is how it could be done. We represent this page as an entity tree. So root entity is a management team. It consists of two child entities, directors and managers. Each refers to user profiles. So this is how it could be achieved using entity layout entities. Layout entities, just layout entities. So management team is a stack layout. This is a whole other page. Directors is a three-column layout entity. And managers is a five-column layout entity. So to not to define custom entity each new time we need the custom layout, we can just define a multi-column layout entity and then create custom view modes. For example, one view mode could be three-column. Another view mode could be five-column and so on. So yes. This is how we can represent this page using entities and layout entities. But the thing is we can just not do it like this. So stack layout, reference to three-column layout, reference to user profile. Because this is three levels of nesting. And it will be rendered by recursion. So instead of doing this, we can do like this. So we can define a special kind of field on the page. It's a single field. And it holds references to another entities. The only thing we need to do to make it work, we need to be able to define three structures inside a field. For Drupal 7, it exists in module. It calls just a tree. So we can install it and tick a checkbox for any field. And it will be able to hold the tree structure. So using this method, we can define any layouts. And we can hold the references to other entities, such as layout entities, or just regular entities. The thing is, since this is a single field with items, we can just drag and drop these items. So for example, we can drag manager user profile up in this structure. It will be rendered in director's section. And vice versa. So this is a pretty straightforward example. But I would like to show how we can manipulate references in this way. So this will be rendered as a single pass without recursion. And another thing, we can drag and drop items on the whole page using standard Drupal mechanism. Another interesting thing we can achieve using entity references is dynamic reference. So let's look on this example again. I mean, this page. So what we would like to do, we don't want to specify reference each new time and new director in our company will appear. We won't just, for example, have a special tag field on the user profile. And for example, we can tag user profiles with managers or with directors at tech. And then it will be more convenient just to get a list of user profiles by this tag. So how this could be done? This could be done by a view field module. We can create a view entity using ECK, for example. We can give it a title. And we can create a special kind of field, view field. View field can hold a reference to a view. And we can pass different arguments to this field per each entity. So for example, yeah, this view will reference to user profiles marked by special tag. We can just define this view in using admin interface. And we can reference to this view from view entities passing different arguments. So using this technique, we can represent our well-known tree as a view structure. So our page is still a stack layout entity. And it consists of two view entities. First view entity displays all user profiles tagged by hashtag directors. And the second by hashtag managers. The thing here is everything on this page are just entities and entity references. So we can apply anything which supports entity reference. We can specify a vision. We can translate any part of this page. We can edit inline any of these entities. We can specify different view modes. We can create custom entities, and so on, so on, so on. It's pure freedom for us. And we can build any layouts and any type of data. The thing is the whole page is done in the same way using entities and entity references. And using this technique of flat nesting, it's not actually it's not a quite. It's just more convenient way to do things since you can rearrange items on the page using the single entity. And performance is much better because it will be rendered in a single pass because it's just a single field with many items. And using dynamic reference, we can create a dynamic structures but as well of entities. So we will be able to edit inline to specify revisions and so on as well. So finally, I would make some notes. I suggest you to be minimalistic. What does it mean? It means that we can try to build our websites without using the field collections module because the entity and entity reference built in core is almost the same functionality because you just can define new entity type if you want using ECK. And then you can embed it inside any other entity using entity inline form, for example. So this module is just to duplicate. Another thing at field group, it's also useful module but using entities and entity references, we can leave without it as well. Panels, of course, panels, by defining custom view modes and layout entities, we can leave without panels because we can create layout of any structure. We can reference and reuse layouts from page to page. We can do anything we want because we have entities, custom entities, view modes, and we can define templates and all of this is done by Drupal Core. We don't need any modules for that. Display suit is also a good module but we can leave without it because we have, again, a view modes and custom templates for view modes. So combining this technique, we can emulate the display suit behavior as well. Paragraphs is great. I like it, really liked it. But the thing about paragraphs doesn't give us full flexibility. For example, we cannot manipulate an entity tree. Sometimes it's hard to nest entities and to create complex structures because each new time you have to create a nested paragraph. It's not that easy and the paragraphs module is a huge bunch of code. But it can be achieved also by custom entities, view modes, and templates built in Drupal Core. Second note, stay flexible. What does it mean? But not too much, yeah, but not too much. This technique of using entities and references seems to be really quick and easy and flexible as it can be. But we need to understand what we are doing and what solution we use for a particular task. So let's look on this slide. We can split our content into types. We can treat some content as flexible content. What does it mean? It does mean that we have custom fields. We want a dynamic order and we have flexible layout. So for example, remember this is about the page with the list of directors and managers. It is a custom layout. And in most cases, we don't have such page on the website. It's only a single page on the website and it has custom layout, custom fields, and probably want to rearrange it from time to time. So it's not convenient to create a structured content. It's better to go with a flexible layout. And here, entities and nested entities and references is a good thing to do. So because we can have pure entity customization, so we can customize only this page, we can nest entities inside it to not duplicate content. And we can translate specific vision and view mode for each entity, which is pretty cool. And we can have layout entities, which will help us to manage our layouts without additional modules and templates. We can just create an entity and treat it as a layout by view mode and template for view mode. But on the other side, we can have a structured content on our website. Structured content is a content with constant fields and constant order and predefined layout. For example, if we have a car selling website and we want to have a car details pages, all of these pages will be the same content of same structure in the same layout. So in this case, it's better to go with a standard way and Drupal will handle it pretty cool. We can have per bundle customization, so we can define new entity bundles. We can define custom field spirit. It will be just single level of entities, so we are not required to nest entities inside the car entity because car is simple object and we can represent it with just the fields. And we can have simple layout solution. For example, we can define a tick template or we can use a display suit as well. It works really nice with a structured content. But the classic problem of Drupal is to deal with flexible content. That's why such models appear like panels, penalizer, display suit, and so on. Because all of them are trying to solve this problem. Problem of flexible content, which is customizable, which should be customizable, it should be reusable. And now we can do it using entities and entity references right in core. Don't be afraid and experiment what does it mean. For example, we have flexible content, okay. We have structured content, okay. But why not to include flexible content inside structured content? In example, if you have a car details page, why not to define a car description field which could be a flexible content so it can hold nested entities and we can specify any layout in the car description. For example, you can make it to column layout or you can nest slide show inside. But the whole page will be structured and it'll be rendered using the standard mechanisms. I like to experiment. So I created this contribution module. It's really small. It just gives a power of flat nesting so you can rearrange items inside one entity. And I will continue to support it and to add more features I talked about today because initially this module was for Drupal 7 but I would like to continue support it for Drupal 8 as well. Finally, I would like to see on this slide and I would ask you to always remember that we are not designing just pages. We are designing a system of components so every page is not just a content, it's a structure of some data and the structure could be represented in a tree, for example, and tree can be easily managed and rendered using entities and references and nesting, of course. Okay, it's time to repeat briefly, really briefly. We are at Drupal.com Dublin. You are listening to my session. My bosses are happy. Entity is simple. We can nest entities by referencing one from another and these give us a power. But please be minimalistic, stay flexible. Because, of course, yes, you are minimalistic but we don't lose the flexibility because instead we have more flexibility when we are using references. But not too much because of structured content and standard mechanisms of managing and rendering it. Don't be afraid and experiment. And yeah, thank you. Yeah, just one moment. Finally, please love Drupal, discover entity references like me and do backup with my company. This is a sponsor, it's like, that's it. It's time for questions. Yes. I'm a demo. Demo? Actually, I have a demo but I'm not, I can try. Yeah, we have time, actually. I can show my real website. It's powered by Drupal 7 but I can show how all of these can be achieved. Okay, this is my real website. It's not up-to-date probably but it's using this methodology. So this is the whole of this page is an entity, just note. If we go to the edit mode, we can see a body field. A body field is with magic field of using flat nesting. So you can see here, yeah. Body field holds three entity references. So here we have layout entity, columns of columns type. Here we have two text block entities and you can specify a view mode here per each of entity. I can, yeah. You can edit, not in line because I'm, I like to rate it in a pop-up but you can use it, it looks like here. So you are on the same page but each entity will fire up in the pop-up and here you can, this is a column entity, it doesn't hold data. Yeah, this one. Yeah, this is just references dialogue and you can edit the whole entity inside pop-up and you can went back to the this management page. So here we can use inline entity form instead and not edit entities in a dialogue but for me it's just much more convenient way of editing in the pop-up. So this page stays fast without all this entity inline entity stuff. We also can specify CSS classes per entity. It's convenient way, for example here you can see modifier which will center the text inside the whole page. We can, we can drag, we can reorder entities on this page. For example, yeah, I also have a contextual links here so I can edit each entity separately without going to edit mode of the whole page. Yeah, the whole site is built on top of this technology and I can show you a more complex example. For example, yeah, this page consists of a lot of entities and layout entities. Here we have a tab view so we can switch between tabs. We can navigate by this scroll spy navigation and the whole this page is done by, I can, I should out-rise once again. Yeah, now we have edit button. So it's a more complex tree. You can see four sections here. This is a live sandbox, requirements, references, and bricks each consist another tree structure inside. For example, first section consists a root entity is a tabs and it holds two entities. Drupal 8, Drupal 7, which holds another entity inside. And so you can see how a tabs is rendered. So we can add another entity here and it will create another tab for it. We can try it, yeah. So I just created another child item inside tab entity layout and it's rendered. And we can nest any content inside it. We can rearrange this tree structure. And as you can see, I'm not just holding the whole tree inside this page. I splitting it in sub entities. So it's just more manageable because a long, long tree is not that handy to manage at least for now. I mean by flat, I mean not a simple list of items. I mean that the whole tree is stored inside one field as a flat structure. So in the page is starting to render, it's just loads one field from database. And in database, I defined a new column which holds a level inside the tree. But anyway, this is just one single field, a flat tree structure. That's why I called flat nesting. So yeah, it could be shown here. So this is just a standard entity reference field. We have six items inside. And it is stored in database as a flat structure. So this is just regular items. That's why performance is much better and you can rearrange the whole tree in the single interface. For example, with paragraphs, you can do things like that because it's always nested. You can drag one nested entity inside and now the nested entity. But here you can because it's a flat structure and you can manipulate it in a single place. And that's module that does that? This is just a tree module. It's for Drupal 7. It's just allows you to make this tree structure on any type of fields, especially on entity references. It uses entity behaviors to define a custom column in database. It's existing entity functionality in entity core. So it's just adds a special database column and enables this tree manipulation for entity reference multi-field. That's it. It's really, it's around 100 lines of code. But it's only Drupal 7. Now it's Drupal 7, but it's porting to Drupal 8. Yeah? I think it's a very interesting approach, but I'm thinking if a customer wants to create a new simple page, it seems a bit more complex than it is necessary. Do they then have to select an entity, a layout entity before they can create a new page, or how, what would the procedure flow? No, no, no, no, no. Just look, this is a good question. Probably you should talk more about simple cases. So this field is just entity reference field. By default, it just holds references. So if, for example, wants to create a text page, you can just create a text entity without any layout entities and it will be rendered as a text block inside page. So another thing, you can use inline entity form to embed entity form inside a page creation. So you can just, here, you will not see things like that. This is for more complex layouts. Here, you will see inline entity form out of the box and you will able to put text inside. So it's really flexible and you can configure it up to you. So you can do things like that like me because I like complex structures. But as well, you can cover basic cases by simply using inline entity form. So it will look like paragraphs model, almost. So, any other questions so far? I can show you a different, more examples of site I've built using this methodology. For example, interesting is how you can manage slide shows. This is another real production website. Interesting thing is on top of it, this is a slide show. So the whole of this stuff is just layout entity of type Carousel and it holds five entity references inside it and I just defined custom template. And from now, I can create any slide shows throughout the website. All of them can be customized and can hold different entities. How it looks like, let me do sign in. So yeah, now we can see contextual links right here in the slide show and we can edit any of this entity separately. Yeah, it's just an entity of type image. It consists of single field of type image and we can edit it separately but we can as well edit the whole page. Yeah, you can see here that this is entity of type slide show. It consists of one field, slides and it can hold references to other entities. And here we can also specify view mode, CSS classes and so on and we can of course rearrange slides easily using this entity reference thing. So it's almost up to you which type of content, which type of layout you want. It's kind of Lego constructor. So you can define new type of bricks, you can define new type of modes, you can specify any type of template and this is done, all of this is done by Rupal Core mostly. So the only thing you can do yourself is flat nesting but it's not required, you can leave without it. Just a little bit more convenient and faster. So it's the thing, I discovered it several years ago once I created, I could show you our website. We were working on rebuilding our website, just one note. You can see it's a really complex layout consisting of many, many, many columns, blocks and so on and this is all through the website. It also multilingual so every piece of content should be translated and I started thinking how we can achieve that and several years later I came up with this idea. Maybe I miss a point but why didn't I just use a lagging image field for your gallery and have multiple values and field format of type course or something? Because you can, you can. It's not something special, of course you can but it's a much more convenient way because you have a contextual menu for each entity. You can reuse images from slide show to slide show so for example you can define two slide shows and to post the same image to both. If you will use a field, you cannot just reuse a field item between two entities because it will be inside every entity. But that way I have to create a new node entity just for having one single image. No, no, no, just image entity. It's not node. But you've created like a node type of type image and that holds one field for one image. So we have like. Why not, why not two or? I don't see the point but maybe I miss something. The point is that node module is good for creating pages because it handles stuff like page URL creation date and it just extended entity. For these entities we just define a custom entity type image. It's really simple, it just holds one field and but you can reuse images throughout website. You can post the same image inside slide show. You can post the same image inside a page. It's super flexible. But use the same thing or same strategy for the text field you just created. Yeah, you can, okay, you can but. No, I just ask you, so you have a node type text which holds a simple text field. Yeah, I can show you actually, types I have. So, entity type, yeah. Entity type, so you're creating a lot of different entity types. You can see, you can see this page. This is, it lists. Okay, that's what I'm also looking for. These are the different types defined throughout the interface. You can create new types right here. Yeah, yeah, it's not content type. It's just entity type, it's lightweight. It's very lightweight. Okay, thank you. But the thing is, the whole site is the same. You can manipulate it any way. You can translate any part of it. You can even have different layouts per different languages because it's just entity. You can translate entity and you can translate layout. You can have different layouts. You can have different sections in different languages. It's super flexible. And all of these can be done via admin interface and with core modules, almost. That's a thing. Another quick question. So the layout is the first entity and for example, a three column layout and then you have nested or indented the three columns. So basically how does the layout know which columns come afterwards? Or how is the template structured? Because it's all a multiple field, right? You have a multiple field which holds multiple entities and how do you put the three columns inside the actual columns? It could be done, it could be done two options. You have two options here. We can define a view mode, three column and we can when in template access to this view mode and to render columns in a three column or two column and so on. Another option, you can just have dynamic number of columns. We can just display the whole items as a columns. Or a question about template, how are accessing the child entities? Yeah, if you have a normal multiple field, then it just renders one template for each field top down. Yes, yes, yes, yes. So you now have three column layout, then the three columns, then a five column layout, then the five columns. So it won't render everything. Yeah, yeah, yeah. A good question. Yeah, I got it, I got it, I got it. Yes, this is a good question and this is those 100 lines of code of customization in tree module which scans the list of items in the field and then create a nested structure from it by the single pass. Yes, this is done by third party module. This is about flat nesting. But if you don't use flat nesting, if you just nest entities inside entities using reference entity already inside another entity, you can access it directly. Yes, but about this layout, yes, it's customization, it's customization. Okay, if you have no questions anymore, thank you for coming, thank you for listening to me.


This is a different time than yours. Can I get a screw? Yes. What's the pre-jump? 1,200? Yeah, 1,12. We've got to show a pre-jump. No. We're waiting on the last pre-jump. Yeah, let's go play. Yeah. I just don't want to. Touch your feet on my feet. Ball is your feet. You can't. You're going to be cutting close to that 400 pounds. So, it's a wind system, so when it reaches max capacity, it tends to slip. Especially when you're suspended out there going 130 miles per hour. Static lines. Check equipment. Make sure you get that arm length. That is keeping it kind of like that. Sort of like this. After everybody's assembled, we're going to move to the wood line. But this is your area right here. So freaking watch where the plane comes out. The plane is flying that way. All right, remember you have to turn to the right. And we'll stay at the door for another day. Because the time you're at, just say, hey, my name is Friar of First Pass Redo. I know, I know. Thank you.


Hey everybody, what's up? It is Rob. I'm here with Daniel Freeman aka the dangwin if you're playing Polymon, we're outside the the codelab area right now at Polymer Summit and Dan you just got done talking about Unit testing integration testing Linting a bunch of cool topics for the folks who haven't seen your your talk yet Can you give me kind of like a like an overview of some of the material that you touched on well sure? I went over ES lint and poly lint our preferred tools for making sure that your elements are Linting and they're just getting rid of all the easy errors ahead of time and Yeah, and and also Web Component tester. I know you work on that. Did you cover that some as well in your session? I did I went over how to set up web component tester and integrate it with your testing. I also made a side to paper checkbox our example element that you can go look at and see how we use web component tester Okay, okay cool right on so for folks who are new to testing Yeah, like what is what is one thing you would you would recommend? They they go do and and get into a project that they check out or something like that to help them sort of get off The ground and learn about testing Yeah, the the biggest thing people should do is they should go to the paper checkbox element and get set up for Travis CI which is our continuous integration provider and Get their element tested on every commit on every platform and just make sure they no browser is giving them troubles Okay, right on very good advice. It's sage advice from the dangwin right here So Daniel, thank you so much for being with me today. Thank you all for watching again We're gonna we're gonna keep shooting more of these interviews live from the Palmer Summit So definitely stay with us. I'm Rob and yeah signing out


Hello people of the internet, my name is Johnny and welcome officially to the year of 2020. We're only three days in and we have already a lot of finaft news. Of course we all know about the books and the games and maybe even like a movie poster or something that are coming out later this year but right now we already have at least three very important things to talk about. Now we're only going to be talking about one in this video and the other two are going to have to wait a little bit longer. Those other two being first up the Into the Pit review which I'm going to start reading this over the weekend. Finally I'm going to have time to just sit down and go through it. It's really not that long so it shouldn't take me too too long. And I didn't even know about the second thing but apparently there's been a preview for the second Fazbear's Frights book called Fetch that has come out so I'm going to need to read that and then I'll do a preview video on that. The Lumix is not wasting any god dang time on updating FNAF AR. They have not even ended their holiday event with Toy Chica and Fritty Frostbear and they're already starting a brand new update for the game. So just in case you guys don't have Twitter or you don't follow Lumix or FNAF AR official on Twitter let me give you a little bit of an insight on what they posted the other day. So they posted this teaser the other day and at first it doesn't really look like it's anything special it's more or less just to promote the brand new holiday update and the new characters that were added with it. You got the Endo posing in front of all of the different gift boxes that has like baby on it. You can see Chica, Foxy back there, Toy Chica and Fritty Frostbear. It's really just to promote the game. Again you've got Baby, Bonnie, Chica, Springtrap even. But if there's one thing Scott has taught us over these many years of looking at FNAF images is that you got to look closer.  And if you do that with this image you can find something unbelievably exciting. So if you look below the big golden gift box that the Endo was leaning on you can find an inverted colored wrapping paper on a gift box. Now first up that's weird. Why is that the only gift box that has inverted colors on it?  If you look super super super close you can actually spot out Plus Trap along with Lefty and freaking Fun Time Freddy. Honestly we knew Plus Trap and Lefty were coming to the game. We knew that. Plus Trap has been teased for a super super long time and Lefty was just recently teased in the launch trailer for the game but freaking Fun Time Freddy. We had no clue who was going to be at it and I am so so excited. Now if you have not seen Dockos 2020 FNAF news video yet I honestly and surely do highly recommend it. It's just a nice refresher of all the stuff that's going to be releasing this year from games to books to maybe even like a possible movie poster we don't know. But in it he brings up this image and he gives his insight on it and he reveals that he's actually been talking to the CEO and founder of Alumix about possible new features for the game. He revealed that he's been talking to Alumix about maybe even adding in a leveling up system which is something I really really really want. Maybe even some more options for customization with the characters they have in the workshop and that really really really does give us hope because as we've seen especially with this recent holiday event Alumix is really really looking at the fan base for feedback for the game. And that they take it this game could turn out to be really really really good. The main problem I have with FNAF AR personally is that it's fun for a point. It's fun for a little bit and then it just there's not much replayability is what I'm trying to say. I think Lewis also mentioned this in his video but personally for me like I'll get on and I'll see someone has been sending me for example someone's been sending me Friday Frostbear. Thank you for whoever's sending me that really helps me out. Having gone to his suit though yes that makes me mad. So like I'll log on I'll see that someone sent me him I'll be just like we'll see if I can get his suit so that I can play that game and then I'll see that someone else send me something and then I'll get up to a high streak and then I'll die for some absurd reason. God I wish I was recording because that Friday he literally gave me like a second to react to shock him.  I was about to beat my high score as well sorry I'm rambling and definitely I lost my streak I was like okay I've had enough. I basically waged quit so hopefully with the addition of these three new characters to the game it's going to have a lot more replayability. I want to talk about what I think should be added to FNAF AR to help make it a better game. Starting off with the first three characters that is absolutely amazing. Obviously they were going to add more characters and I really actually do hope that they don't add like plus trap and then a little bit later on they add lefty a little bit later on they add FF. I hope they release one big update adding in these three new characters. My current idea of what I hope they're going to do is maybe within the next like two weeks they will end the holiday event hopefully keeping Toy Chica and FNAF AR in the game for those people that don't have a suit yet and then with that update they'll add in plus trap lefty and FF. I really really hope that is what's going to happen. New mechanics. Obviously I really want there to be new mechanics. We learned with the holiday update that alumix can make pretty good mechanics when they set their minds to it. Toy Chica with the mask. Amazing. I love that a lot. Freddy Frostbear when he freezes your screen. Not really a mechanic but was still a cool touch. I really hope they do something for at least Funtime Freddy and Lefty. I don't really know what they could do with plus trap. Maybe he'll be like completely separate and instead of like trying to catch him you have to get him onto a certain like section of the phone kind of a reference to getting him on the red X in the FNAF 4 minigame. I don't know I feel like they're just gonna do the same thing with him which honestly I'm fine with. Lefty I'm not as creative so I don't know what new mechanic they could add in for Lefty. Maybe like a music box mechanic and then they could use that later on for let's say they add in the puppet they could use that music box mechanic as well. Funtime Freddy. Like a controlled shock though I think that's a bit too similar to just the normal shock. I don't know maybe they can add in a mechanic that's like a reference to his section in CIS location when you're in the um not the parts and service room like the boiler room when you're like hovering your mouse over the buttons and they fill up a certain percent percent. I don't know something like that just any new mechanic I would really like. Obviously new voice lines. We already know that Lefty's voice actress has recorded lines already for Lefty. She posted that like months and months and months ago um on her Instagram which as far as I'm aware she deleted that post so I'm guessing she wasn't supposed to say anything just yet. It's kind of weird though that they recorded Lefty's lines and then just didn't do anything with Lefty like they didn't add him in to the like launch release of the game. I don't know I just find that weird. Playing with Plustrap they've been teasing him basically since the start and he's not in the game yet. I really do hope Kellan comes back to record new lines for Fun Time Freddy though Fun Time Freddy and all the characters that Kellan has voiced don't really have any new voice lines but I really hope Kellan will record some new voice lines that would be amazing. You know what they could do they could do a section of like um smaller games for Bon Bon and Plustrap because they're you know pretty small animatronics so they could do something separate with those type of characters and that would fit in really well because they could do that for other small animatronics like if they add in Lefty or maybe like the Freddles. I don't know I think it would be cool to see like a separate minigame in the game for smaller animatronics. Also there's times in the game when animatronics just don't show up so the addition of brand new ones is going to be super super super good. Anyways that's it for this video hopefully you guys are excited for the brand new update coming to FNAF AR hopefully very soon I know I am. So thanks for watching get hyped and I'll see you on the flipside. Goodbye.


So it looks like we can finally put this whole saga to an end. So as of today, the news is broke. It was real. So Six Flags was offering stocks and money to Cedar Fair to purchase Cedar Fair. Not necessarily purchased, but the whole rumors of the merge were true. So it looks like $4 billion cash and stock offer was made from Six Flags Entertainment to Cedar Fair Entertainment. The theme park operator is said to have considered the $70 deal price plus some cash as inadequate, meaning they have said no. Six Flags is also not expected to come in with a new offer and Cedar Fair stocks have dropped since this story has broke. A little more information and I'm going to go over my reaction because I think this is really dumb. I'm going to go into why I think this is really dumb and I think this whole thing was just a publicity stunt. So the Six Flags chief executive James Reed Anderson is preparing to retire by the end of February and the company had offered Cedar Fair executives roles in the management of the combined company. Though this was not enough to persuade them, Six Flags had offered to acquire Cedar Fair for around $70 per share to be paid for the most part by using Six Flags shares as currency, but also funded with a small cash component. The sources have said Cedar Fair shares were traded at around $58 right before routers. Routers broke the news of Six Flags bid on Wednesday. Cedar Fair responded that Six Flags bid was too low, not least because it did not compensate Cedar Fair shareholders for giving up on the company's tax advantages publicly traded partnership. Sorry, this is a really poorly worded article. This allows the company to pay out the majority of its earnings to shareholders without first paying US federal or state income taxes. So some definitely some interesting information in that. So a couple of things I don't get where Six Flags was going to come up with this $4 billion. They're already $2.7 billion in debt. So that would roughly come to around $7 billion in debt, although it seems like they weren't going to pay for that in cash entirely. It was mostly going to be their own shares they were going to use, which I think was a little weird. But what's even weirder is they didn't have a CEO as of February. There's no CEO. It doesn't make sense. So if you remember my previous video, I kind of commented on that. So I said that it's pretty likely that Six Flags is trying to merge with Cedar Fair and have Cedar Fair run the parks. And it looks like with the news that broke out today, that's exactly what Six Flags was trying to do, which is not a good sign. And I'll tell you why. So it looks like Six Flags wanted to build its company up, but it through a merge. So they were going to merge with Cedar Fair, become a new company, and they were going to give the Cedar Fair CEOs and executives the positions at this new company. So they were going to run Six Flags or Cedar Flags, whatever the new company was going to be, which is extremely interesting. This shows you that Six Flags truly is in shambles. They've been struggling to find a replacement CEO. We know that from previous stockholders calls. And now it is more apparent that they have no idea what they're going to do with a new CEO. What's even more apparent is if you look into the Q2 results for both Cedar Fair and Six Flags, Cedar Fair has a higher income level already this year than Six Flags. With the purchase of the two new water parks, the resorts and the sports complexes, it looks like Cedar Fair has finally closed that very small gap that they had with Six Flags despite Six Flags owning more properties and Cedar Fair has finally pulled ahead. So for those of you Six Flags fans that have been in my DMs saying that Six Flags is a much bigger company, a much better company, blah, blah, blah.  Very poor facts about Cedar Fair struggling, yet they didn't care to look up Cedar Fair's results this year and last year. It's doing extremely well. And they also didn't look up the fact that Cedar Fair only has 11 properties and Six Flags is 26 and Cedar Fair makes pretty much the same. Again, I'm going to stop there. It's triggering because the information is out there, Cedar Fair is just a much stronger company. The better way to word it is Cedar Fair has stronger roots in the ground to go through a financial crisis and they pay off their debt before buying new properties and stuff and they manage their debt very well. So it looks like the deal is not going to go through, but for those of you Cedar Fair fanboys that were panicking, regardless of the situation, Six Flags was just looking to merge with Cedar Fair into a new company. And then Six Flags was going to give all the upper management roles and the CEO position to Cedar Fair executives. So in the end, it would have been Cedar Fair running the show, the same people that make the amazing decisions for your Cedar Fair parks. We're just going to run the show. The only thing that would have been different is they might have gone down the Six Flags stockholders route, which is absolutely scary. So for those of you that don't know, any extra income that Six Flags makes gets divided up to its shareholders, which is really scary. That's why you get really low investments compared to Cedar Fair. Cedar Fair is able to spend more because they don't have to spend or give away all their extra income each year to the shareholders. Cedar Fair offers actually a premium of around a dollar per share now instead of giving all the income away like Six Flags does. So the two companies have very different payouts for shareholders and Cedar Fair just benefits the actual consumer better than Six Flags does. That's why a lot of people don't understand Six Flags makes those cheaper investments compared to Cedar Fair is they try to save as much money as possible. Their shareholders control the company and they force them to do decisions like that. That's the best way I can describe it in simple terms for everyone to understand. But just thank God it's not going to happen. Six Flags can't come back and offer anymore. There's nothing they can do. Hopefully Six Flags has a game plan because right now they are running around like lunatics. They don't know what they're doing. It's kind of embarrassing that they're running around trying to purchase more property that the Cambion can't even afford. And truly they just need to find a CEO after February and go from there. Six Flags has the properties. They have the income. They can survive. They just need to dig deeper roots. It's getting kind of embarrassing with how they're handling their cash flow. They're going to end up back in Chapter 11 if they keep going. And yeah. And for those of you Six Flags fans that are triggered by this video, slide into my DMs. I will just post all the proof I have. It's nothing you can say to convince me that Six Flags is a stronger company than Cedar Fair. I will literally just post all the financial reports that clearly show Cedar Fair is the stronger one.  It's the end of the story. Cedar Fair is just a stronger company. They have stronger roots. They pay off their debt more and they make more money than Six Flags now. So end of story for all you Cedar Fair fanboys. Calm down. You're all good. Don't worry. Now what I would like to see is there's a couple of parks that I really want Cedar Fair to take over from Six Flags. And those were the kind of the parks that I was looking forward to most. So I really think that Great Adventure would benefit from a Cedar Fair ownership. Six Flags Great America would benefit from a Cedar Fair ownership. Even a park like Magic Mountain could benefit from a Cedar Fair ownership but Knott'sbury Farm then comes into play. And I'd love to see the Texas parks in Cedar Fair's ownership as well. With that being said too, to compliment Six Flags even though it sounded like I really hated on them, trust me I do like Six Flags. They're just very different and I do not like their model for the parks that are higher up in the Cedar Fair chain. I do think Six Flags would run the smaller parks in the Cedar Fair chain much better than Cedar Fair would. So don't take my anger of Six Flags too poorly. I do think Six Flags is really good at investing in all their parks unlike Cedar Fair where Cedar Fair focuses on all their big parks. In turn, that is the smarter decision. It is holding them to the ground a lot better than something like Six Flags. And if a recession comes, I promise you you will see Six Flags struggle and Cedar Fair is ready for a recession. And all their stockholders called, they constantly talk about being recession proof. Anyways, hopefully this video didn't trigger you too much. I know I got a little wordy there. I just seen a lot of people coming out and saying Six Flags is the better company lately. And it's just like you have to actually do your research and look at the facts. I'm sorry Six Flags is not the better company. Even investors were extremely worried about this decision. The two companies are very different. Cedar Fair is a stronger culture compared to Six Flags. And it would just completely ruin that culture if we had gone down that different route. So I'm trying to see if I have another article I wanted to read. It's basically Cedar Fair's decision is a blow to Six Flags, which is already the world's largest regional theme park operator has been looking to expand its footprints so it can increase its ticketing pricing power. So for those of you saying that, oh no, it was a great decision, saying no, they're looking to increase their ticketing price. Six Flags have offered to acquire Cedar Fair for around $70 for a share, blah, blah, blah. You already know that. And Cedar Fair responded that Six Flags bid was too low, not least because it did not compensate the shareholders and it just touched on how investors and enthusiasts were extremely saddened by the news of this possible merge. So it looks like a lot of people were not in favor of this. And I think you're going to see a lot of things happening over the next 10 years. I think we're seeing first signs of Six Flags heading towards Chapter 11 again if they don't get a CEO and smarten up. Anyways, hope you enjoyed my really quick analysis. I know it's a 10 minute video, but in all honesty, I could go on like 30 to 40 minutes about the financials of the two companies. Don't forget to hit that like button, subscribe if you haven't, and share this video for others to enjoy. Thanks so much for watching guys. Have a great weekend. Bye.


Today we're going to do a review again on COVID-19 and its spread both in India and different parts of the world and some welcome news regarding a new vaccine, which has been declared to be patent free. Now, I think that's a very important step we have been talking about it. But this is the first example where those who have developed the vaccine have said that they are not going to put any patent charges, no patents on that. We also have said this is an easy technology which can be duplicated quite easily by a range of plants and range of companies. Satyajit, you have been with us from the beginning. If we look at the numbers right now in India, we have the charts and news click itself to show. Let's take into account what you had said last time that the cities are the ones to watch initially, but that's where it will spread. We start to see both things happening. Those cities which are not affected earlier like Bangalore for instance, are going up the vertical rise we had seen in other cities also taking place there, but in places like Mumbai, Calcutta, Delhi. And actually numbers starting to drop that it is a very high speed of rise, but it seems not to be a long plateau and then also fairly rapid fall, as we've seen in other countries as well. Is that what you also think is happening? Yes, absolutely. And you put it very well. It's following the earlier trends from over the past few weeks, first in South Africa where numbers went up and then they played toward and then they began to come down fairly rapidly. This is what happened initially in London, and then now beginning to see in the rest of the United Kingdom as well. So clearly what we are seeing is pretty much that it also underlines what I keep boringly and endlessly going on about that this is not one uniform wave that we saw major outbreak spikes in metropolitan areas. As they recede, we are going to see on a different dynamic altogether, outbreak spreading to outlying areas to the hinterland to the second tier cities and towns, and those numbers will also come up. So what we are looking at is a series of local outbreaks linked to each other, of course, by connection of spread, but that's what is going to result in those total numbers. Having said that, I think very many people have pointed out, we have also commented on it, I think it's time to remind ourselves that these total case numbers that we are watching obsessively all of us and comparing and contrasting and looking at milestones about this many lack, this many lack, that many lack need to be looked at with a new eye and a bit of caution. Good point. And again, on that also reports have been talked about that should we take the new cases numbers, how seriously should we take them, because you have two kinds of issues. Of course, we know from last time that the actual numbers in India with anything from six to 30 times what we have declared or we found through testing. This number, of course, is something which we have seen in other places also, but this time we have an added issue that not so much in India but not the places you can test at home, and those numbers do not enter the numbers anyway. We had pointed out last time as well, that the numbers of tests being found positive, provide us a trend, and that's important. If set of positivity ratios are rising numbers are rising, we know that the worst is yet to come. If the numbers start to fall, then we know, okay, we are probably over the hump, as far as this particular urban center is concerned. Public health, it's important, but otherwise, we should not take numbers that seriously. So absolutely, and let me add three quick points to this. In the first place, we've made the reference to this in past months as well, but even more so in the Omicron period of the pandemic. This is important. We should stop referring to these as cases. There are not cases of illness necessary. In fact, in the Omicron period of the pandemic, quite often not symptomatic illness at all. What we should be referring to these numbers that we are seeing reported every day as are identified infection numbers, not case numbers. This is one. The second issue is, if Omicron is spreading so rapidly, should we simply not test at all? Should we not give any credence to case numbers? The fine nuance there is what you have alluded to, which is that in localities, we need to have a reasonable statistical sampling of testing being done, not so much because we want to know the absolute numbers, but because we want to be able to follow the trend of what percentage of sampled examples are turning out to be positive. If that percentage begins to rise, then our past two years of experience is telling us that a couple of weeks later hospital admissions and intensive care numbers will rise and the health care system will begin to be strained and some preparation, some policies can then be put in place. So that's what we really need. And on this point, the regional inequities that we have in this kind of statistically robust sampling at local levels needs to be underlined and kept in mind. Of course, it is also true that apart from hospital preparation, some amount of social distancing or physical distancing as we have repeatedly talked about other measures to decongest heavily visited areas. Maybe look at cinema halls, gyms, hotels, restaurants, etc. All that are part of the public policies that you talk about. And of course, this time we are seeing a central government not imposing what I would call the Taliban down. So good senses prevail that there is a local need of action, and that should be left to the local authorities and I think that's happening. Yes, you wanted to add something to it. On that, on the one hand, I agree with you that this is a welcome transition, but I would like to give you an example of how modest the transition is. State governments are closing down schools statewide. This is why I keep pointing out that we're not dealing with a uniform wave that's equally distributed across the state. Locally, decisions of this sort need to be made and they need to be made to be made flexibly and dynamically taking local changing conditions into account. The informed, decentralized, enabled and empowered decision making is essential and we haven't quite gotten there yet. Empowered local governments and local bodies, including organizations of the people, they should all or should be involved, not only taking decisions but carrying them out. But you know some of the irrational parts of it for instance in Delhi, you decide alternate day shop should be open, or even that we saw about cars. The point is it just congestion then becomes more in the one particular shop than distributing it over to shops. These are also irrational decisions at some level. Curfews, for example, has no role at how stopping people but moving around on the streets at night helps control pandemic is a no brainer I would have thought but then we have people with brains doing this kind of things in the government. Other part of it that vaccines. Now, of course, though the 939 week gap that has been given for after the second dose, people can have a protective dose for health workers as well frontline workers as well, that's really not going to affect the pandemic. Precautionary dose. Precautionary dose. Yes, we're not calling it the booster dose just changing the name apparently make some difference. But essentially it's the same same booster dose that's been given elsewhere in the world, but this this particular third wave that has hit us. It is not going to be affected by that because of what we see as the numbers of people who are eligible for the third dose are really insignificant compared to the total numbers so it's really not going to affect this particular wave at all. That be true. Yes, absolutely. I want that if healthcare workers who are the ones who since last week have begun to be eligible for and have begun to receive the what I keep calling it an additional dose of the vaccine. It's useful. It's useful, particularly because as I said, the in micron increase in case numbers is unevenly distributed across the country. So in those parts of the country where that's still to come in the next coming days and weeks, if healthcare workers in those areas, get that additional dose of vaccine now 15 days from now their antibody levels will be high enough to provide them as at least a small but a significant more become of additional protection from catching infection, and that might well contribute to reducing the strain on healthcare services, which is being added to by healthcare workers being out of commission with infection. So, but there is that small nuance to be kept in mind, but in the broader scheme of things, it's not going to make any major difference. And the question that we had raised time and again, it seems it's now being its possibility is brighter because we have the sanctions or the results of the core of a backstrials, which shows that it is very effective on par with what has been talked about is vaccines and also certainly as good as anything we have seen in other vaccine trials. So the really important part of this is that it has been made patent free. In fact, the people who developed it in the, what is it, Baylor University Baylor College of Medicine, those people those who have developed it in the Baylor College of Medicine, one of them is Peter Hotez we have been discussing his work and what he's been writing about infectious diseases earlier as well that they have declared that this will be given patent free to anybody who wants it. And the second part and we have discussed this also in our COVID-19 discussions earlier that this technology, this is something which is quite known, can be done by a number of companies, and in fact, producing proteins in East, letting the East multiply this is something which is not something like an mRNA technology which is quite easy. And therefore, this potential of transferring technology is much simpler than what, for instance, Mr Bill Gates talks about that the third one really not technologically competent to manufacture vaccines unless it is helped by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Well, let's, let's keep a few points about the Korobovax example in mind. Firstly, the stance that Peter Hotez and Maria Botats were taken at the Baylor College of Medicine, not to patent this and to make it freely available to any technologically competent industry anywhere in the world to manufacture and make it is entirely and sets an example, just no question about that. That said, let's keep in mind formally, we haven't seen the clinical trial results published as yet, even though the regulatory agencies in India have already approved Korobovax for usage. And even though the Hyderabad based private company Biological E is manufacturing Korobovax in fact that's how the application reached India's regulatory agencies. The fact still remains that we haven't seen the data published. On the other hand, as you point out, over the past two years, one and a half years the surprising thing has been how few vaccines for COVID have actually failed to show protection. So it's no great surprise for those of us who follow these different technologies of vaccines that the Korobovax technology shows very good protection. It shows excellent protection against the 2020 strains, it shows very, very good protection against the 21 strains, which is the Delta strain against Omicron, it still remains to be seen. But if you compare the antibody levels and other immune responses that are being claimed, then there should be reduced but still very good protection against serious illness. That's the second point. The third point is the technology, as we've discussed multiple times over the past year, the technology is both easy to transfer and finicky to optimize. So it's easy to transfer because as you pointed out, it's yeast fermentation, bioreactors with yeast fermentation are familiar technology to large scale manufacturers of drugs and other pharmaceuticals and therefore it's in that sense a very straightforward technology to transfer. However, keep in mind what the technology consists of. The yeast make the spike protein or a piece of the spike protein of the virus and therefore the spike protein is being made in unfamiliar conditions, in unnatural conditions. The spike protein is naturally made in ourselves by the machinery of the virus. When the spike protein alone is made in the yeast, it's being made from the point of view of the spike protein in unnatural conditions and therefore the protein doesn't necessarily fold exactly into the same shape that it does in our body. And that is where the finicky optimization comes in. Let's keep in mind that Novavax, Covavax which SIRMA Institute in India is piloting and which has also gotten approval in India is also a protein based vaccine and it has run into repeated delays over the past year, year and a half. In other, amongst other reasons because of this folding problem. So that still remains to be kept in mind, rather than inflating our expectations that this technology is going to lead to an explosive availability of easy cheap vaccines across the world. And in that tempering point needs to be made. My final point about this technology and the patent freeness that scientists at Baylor have shown by example, is that making protein based vaccines has been the default. Let's keep in mind and I'm going to give you two examples. Let's keep in mind the Cuban vaccines, Abdullah and Soberana. Both of those are exactly similar protein based vaccines. Both of them show in Cuban trials very respectable protection. Both of them have been used to provide the highest proportion perhaps in the world of full vaccine coverage of the adult population in Cuba. In India, such designs of vaccines have been ongoing with what I will politely call lukewarm support from the government of India. And we see the result which is that we are still talking about these vaccines being made overseas and being brought into India. So all in all, there is a complex landscape out there in which being rendered patent free is only one part of what will facilitate vaccine manufacture and availability for the people. So something quick question to you. One, of course, what you said is true that there is the optimization problem because what people may not be aware of that actually protein folding gives it the properties. Normally you think of chemical properties being a property necessarily only of the structure, but unfortunately for complex molecules biological as we are as such that his tribe told him what we get is complex molecules and large molecules, and how it falls should shows on the surface a certain kind of proteins and what is shown on the surface then gives it the property that not what is hidden inside the force, so to say. So therefore folding is obviously a very critical issue in all such cases, and particularly with large molecules it's obviously a much bigger issue. So the only one saving grace here, one silver lining is by logic he has already done this kind of vaccines as well, and therefore they have experience of this way, this problem that you talk about how to optimize the protein folding. So everyone is a new case so I'm not going to say the problems there for disappear, it's that they have some experience with it already. Oh, absolutely. And as a matter of fact, not only biologically, there is a whole basket, not fast numbers, but there is a whole basket of generic biological manufacturers in India, who are capable of doing this, and with the new developments there is hope that at least some of them will take it up and will execute it. The only thing that I would add here to what Satish said, we also need the government to come in with support support for buying vaccines, as well as support in terms of banks giving loans, not to suggest the big wigs of Indian industry, the Ammanis, the Adhanis, the Tatas and the Benlas, but also to vaccine manufacturers who need both financial support and commitment to buy vaccines in order to be able to break the initial market resistance. Satish, thank you for being with us, watching over the COVID scenario which is still developing. Hopefully we are over the hump, at least in certain cities. Yes, the hump is yet to come in other places, and therefore we need to watch carefully what's happening. This time seems to be, it's a sharper wave and it seems to wane also, not as rapidly as it rises, but fairly rapidly, and hopefully the hospitals will not get stressed the way it did in the Delta wave. This is all the time we have today for NewsClick, do keep watching NewsClick and do visit our website.


All of this, that we hear now, not too many of scientists are saying it, but a few. All but the new biotechnology and the new molecular genetics is going to give us a new huge surge in production in years. In my opinion, on molecular genetic engineering or what do you want to call it, new technology, I think that we probably are going to stabilize you as much better. We're going to get more resistant to insects and disease attack and adverse to our conditions. But that's not a big thing. But I don't think you're going to get a great big jump again. That doesn't have anything to do with yield potential per se. It's got to do with security or safety. It doesn't increase the yield potential. It only maintains some of the gains that you've already made. Reduces crop losses. Reduces crop losses, that's correct. And there's a lot of confusion, it seems to me, in the public's mind at the present time. Because a few very articulate scientists who believe, of course, in this, and they should have faith in their own research, but sort of blow it out of proportion. Maybe they do not. But the way it comes out in the general press. They look through the eye of the needle of that specialty, and they think it's going to revolutionize again. Rice production, corn production, wheat production, and the tuber crops, all of this. And what you're saying, if I understood you correctly, is that don't look for these big jumps in yield potential. In safety of harvest, yes, because these are singlers. It's pretty much been done, and we just have some steady improvement, of course, and stability in yields. What do we do then about this population monster? To me, as I've said in that number of my writings in recent years, I think the greatest threat to the well-being of mankind in the years ahead is the increase in the rate of population growth. I just don't understand how people feel that we can have a world that's fit to live in and have 14, 15 billion people on the surface of this earth who just can't be done. And you're going to have some very serious problems of health and well-being of people before you get to that stage. If we could stop at 10 million, 10 billion, I think we might be able to do it as a tremendous effort, an effort that has only been made in wartime as far as money is concerned and so forth. It's just going to be a major effort to do that. And if we can't talk to you about the UN, the United Nations Population Council, goes from the best scenario to the middle one to the worst. And the worst was up 15, 16 billion people. And it could well happen. And that would be awful.