Hello everyone and welcome. My name is Brittany Collins and I'm pleased to share with you this presentation regarding a grief responsive approach to teaching English language arts. I'm an author educator and curriculum designer with a background teaching writing to middle and high school students. I'm also the founder of grief responsive teaching a professional learning community dedicated to supporting students and teachers well being in times of loss. I'm also the author of learning from loss a trauma informed approach to supporting grieving students a book that explores best practices for grief support in school systems. Now available through Heinemann Publishing and I'm happy to offer viewers of this session a discount code for 40% off the list price using the code C O N F 21 at checkout on Heinemann.com. In addition to telling you a little bit more about who I am. I also like to acknowledge who I'm not. I approach grief responsive work as an educator and a formerly bereaved student. So I'm not a psychologist counselor or medical professional and I certainly encourage you to seek out the support of licensed clinicians as a supplement to this work. So what do I mean when I say grief responsive teaching. Grief responsive teaching is a pedagogical and interpersonal approach to teaching and learning that integrates science and stories of grief into actionable classroom practices that support students and teachers well being in times of loss. Because grief impacts the brain body and behavior and by extension teaching and learning grief responsive teaching seeks to support and empower the whole person socially emotionally culturally and academically. And this philosophy is born out of the understanding that loss is the most commonly cited trauma experienced by young people. 7 out of 10 teachers had a student in their classroom who was grieving prior to the pandemic and over 40,000 young people lost a parent or guardian to COVID-19 by April of 2021 with BIPOC youth experiencing higher rates of bereavement due to the systemic health inequities that the pandemic has only further underscored. And the number of impacted youth continues to ascend when we consider that grief is not always tied to a death. For example, moving houses or schools experiencing the divorce of family members or navigating foster care can all elicit grief responses in young people's brains and bodies. So in order to consider how best to support grieving students in the classroom, it's important to first take a look at what exactly grief does. Some people consider grief to be an emotion and it is of course a felt experience, but on a much deeper level grief impacts our neurology. The neurologist Dr. Lisa Shulman writes that grief insights a fight or flight response followed by a depressive response. And for some people grief can be traumatic trauma of course is determined by our nervous systems in response to an event rather than the type of event itself. And for all people grief is often more complex fluid and continuing than the five stage framework that Elizabeth Kubler Ross put forth in the late 20th century. Grief can also elicit changes in behavior as outlined in this diagram here. It's important to remember that any behavioral changes we notice in young people are not only responses to loss but adaptations to loss. And so often these behaviors are attempts to fulfill or meet an unmet need in the face of a loss experience. So shifting to the classroom context, psychologist Howard Bath coined three tenets of trauma informed care, safety, connection and emotional regulation. Working collaboratively with students to tend physical, emotional and cultural safety in the classroom through responsive practices, cultivating peer to peer and student to teacher connections and integrating positive regulatory activities into classroom life like moments of mindfulness, free writing, a sense of predictability and routine starts to put in place the scaffolds needed for supporting these tenets and students lives. And the ELA classroom holds a special opportunity for offering grieving students support. For example, psychologist James Pennebaker of scholarship reveals that expressive writing in which the author uses emotion words to describe their internal state and personal experiences has significant psychological and physical health benefits especially for people experiencing trauma. So personal narrative writing or private or guided free writing offers space for students to explore lived experiences but in a challenge by choice manner. So we should never ask or force students to write or talk about their loss experiences, lest those activities reignite students grief or trauma. But we can instead create opportunities and spaces in which students are invited to explore any aspect of their stories on their own terms. In the ELA classroom it's also inevitable that we encounter literature and poetry that explores mortality implicitly or explicitly. I've heard many stories about how exploring loss in literature necessitates a both and approach so stories whether fictional or non-fictional can both serve as a catalyst for exploration, connection, memorialization and healing. And the exploration of these themes can also prove emotionally and psychologically challenging and may disrupt a level of well-being that grieving students are working hard to maintain. So a grief-responsive approach to this dynamic involves evoking students' agency. It's proven that trauma and adversity often involve a lack of literal agency, a disempowerment of the affected individual. They can also result in an impaired sense of agency meaning students experiencing grief may carry an internalized sense of powerlessness or hopelessness. And to counteract this tendency infusing our classrooms with opportunities that cultivate and empower agency is important. This might look like project-based learning, student-driven inquiry, choose your own text reading assignments, student-created rubrics, or even choice activities during ELA blocks. But returning to the topic of mortality in literature, providing content warnings and offering alternative texts are always ways to frame literature studies in a challenge-by-choice manner that invokes that agency without forsaking the positive potential of direct consideration of loss or mortality in literature for students who may feel ready for that. Finally, any discussion about grief-responsive teaching is incomplete without mention of educator well-being and the toll that supporting others can take, especially in times of challenge. Secondary traumatic stress, sometimes referred to as compassion fatigue, is the very real neurologically rooted experience that can come from exposure to other people's trauma and in our case grief. STS mirrors the signs and symptoms of traumatic exposure, the changes in brain, body, and behavior that we explored in the earlier slides. And teachers with past experiences of grief, loss, or trauma may be at an elevated risk for experiencing STS when working with grieving students. So connecting students with peers, mentors, colleagues, school counselors, as well as with activities and outlets that support well-being means that you help to collaboratively weave a fabric and community of support for grieving students without taking on the sole responsibility of witnessing a young person's pain. For more information on educator well-being, grief-responsive teaching, as well as specific exercises, prompts, and activities for the ELA classroom, I invite you to check out griefresponsiveteaching.com for more resources or use that special WMWP discount code CONF21 at Heinemann.com for 40% off of my book Learning from Loss. Thank you very much for tuning in today and I hope to connect again in the future. I also encourage you to look through my references slides for more readings regarding grief and trauma in the classroom. Take care.


سوف نتحدث عن اسماء أوها سعوى صلاقيا موليل سعوى اسماء أوها كل هذه السعوى سوف نتحدث عن اسماء مختلفة سعوى مختلفة سعوى مختلفة سعوى مختلفة سعوى مختلفة السعوى المدلول السعوى يوجد فرصات مختلفة سعوى مختلفة السعوى المدلول بالخير سعوى مختلفة سعوى خيام موليل هذه السعوى سعوى زلمان رارة بسنان من حديث أبي أمامى فهي قال عال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال that the messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم he said عليكم بقيام الليل upon you is قيام الليل فإنه دقب الصالحين the قيام الليل is the doing and the way and the path of the righteous people فإنه دقب الصالحين قبلكم it is the way of the pious people before you وإنه قيام الليل is that which gets you closer to Allah and it is also تكفيروا للسيئات an expiation for your shortcomings and it is also منهات عن الإثمي it's a preventer and that which prevents you from sins this hadith now shows us that the the salah that we pray is called what قيام الليل because the prophet said عليكم بقيام الليل upon you is what upon you is قيام الليل the second name that it has is صلاة الليل it's also called what it's also called صلاة الليل and the evidence for this is the hadith الامام النسائي ونريته لنسنن من حريث ابن عمر رضي الله تعالى عنه that the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was asked عليه صلاة السلام عن صلاة الليل he was asked about the night prayer and the prophet said صلاة الليل مثنى مثنى the prophet specifically what did he say صلاة الليل مثنى مثنى the salahة الليل is two two two ابن عمر رضي الله تعالى عنه what it means he means he prays two and he does تسليم and then he prays two and he does تسليم and then he prays two and he does تسليم and then the salahة الليل is how much two what name did the prophet give it صلاة الليل this is the second this is the second name that we have for it the third name is called ويتر ويتر is refer to two things pay attention to this ويتر is called two things one is that which we already know is what we pray after we pray the even numbers the two two two two and we reach eight and then we pray another two and the last one that's left is called what that last one that we do by itself is called what a ويتر if you pray three together with one تشاهد it's also called ويتر and if you pray five with one تشاهد it's also called ويتر are we all together brothers one is called ويتر two رقع sorry three رقع so one with one تشاهد is called what a ويتر three with the final تشاهد is called what a ويتر and five رقع with one last تشاهد is called what it's also called a ويتر that's the first meaning that ويتر has the evidence for those three I have to bring it as for the one is the hadith narrated by that the night prayer is two two two فإذا خشي أحدكم if one of you fears أصبح that the Fajr prayer is about to come in if he fears he's praying so much that the Fajr is going to come in the Prophet said he prays one رقع and that would be a witter for him for what so the Prophet said he prays what one one رقع إذا not one رقع is called a what a witter the third evidence for that is the hadith of أبي ابن كعب رضي الله تعالى عنه أبو داود النساء ابن ماجر narrated this that the Prophet كان رسول الله يوتر بسبح اسم ربك الأعلى وقول يا أيها الكافرون وقول هو الله أحد that the Prophet ﷺ used to do witter with these three إذن the statement of أبي ابن كعب رضي الله that the three رقع was called what ويتر and all of it is done with what one تشاهد the five with one تشاهد the evidence for that is the hadith of أبي ابن كعب رضي الله تعالى عنها she said كان رسول الله يوتر ثلاثة عشر رقع همري رقع would he pray ثلاثين رقع يوتر من ذلك he would do witter with all of that so here so he prays ثلاثين رقع he prays how many يوتر من ذلك بخمسن five so he prays 13 رقع and he would do witter with how many يوتر من ذلك بخمسن وفي شيئن he would not see in any of those five meaning you only see at the last last رقع for the final تشاهد pay attention to this now إذن the witter is how many one three and what that's one opinion that's what one meaning for witter which is the odd numbers that we already know there's another usage witter has which is the whole of the قيام الليل is called witter all of it what you just they prays by now is called what witter what we're gonna pray from the beginning to the end is all called witter this is based upon the hadith الإمام الترمذيو أبو داود ابن ماجه they narrated عن خارج ابن حدافة العدوي رضي الله تعالى عنه he said خرج علينا رسول الله the messenger came out فقال the prophet said ان الله أمدكم بصلاة الله فايفوديو بصلاة أيبريا لهي خير لكم من حمر النعم which is better for you than a red camel the Arabs they love the red camel and it was one of the most precious thing that they had so the صلاة الله فايفوديو is better for you than حمر النعم جعله الله لكم الله made a witter الله made it a witter this is all what the whole prayer الله made it a witter جعله الله لكم فيما بين العشاء إلى أن يطلعوا على الفجر الله made that prayer which is called witter in the hadith between عشاء and what فجر so this صلاة all of it what did the prophet call it الإمام الترمذيو when he brought that in his sunan when he brought that in his sunan Drawin he said he said all of it was attributed to what all of it was attributed to what all of it was called witter النقل the fourth name it has which is the final one is Salatul Tarawih Salatul Tarawih is not a name used by the Prophet nor the Companions it is not the pious predecessors nobody used it it is a name not used by anyone it's a name introduced by who the Mu'ta the Mu'ta Akhirin the late comers the Fouqaha they introduced it there's nothing wrong with it and the reason why they chose this name is Tarawih actually comes from the Jama'a of تروحة يعني زوال المشقه والتعب كما يكتب في الكتاب المصباح المنير تروح means to enjoy yourself relaxation every time you pray for raka'a what do you do? you relax the purpose of سكوت صلاة وتروح is you pray for raka'a you relax for a little bit the imam needs for raka'a the people relax and then they stand up for the what? they stand up for the next four again so that's the reason why it was called صلاة التروح and then the names that we mentioned are how many? four names the first one is قيام الليل the second was صلاة الليل the third one was الالوطر and the fourth one was what? الوطر was called how many things do we say it's called two things the first one is the odd and the odd is how many? one, three and five but the condition is that no تشهد in the three or in the so if it happens you pray two in الوطر you pray two and then you pray one okay after you finish you read سبحيس مربي كالأعلى and then you read قلية الكافيرون and then you do تشهد and then you stand up for قلية الكافير قل والله أحد the first two is a كودوطر no the last one by itself is going to be a كودوطر because you made it to show it before the ending and the second opinion is that الوطر is also known as what? the whole of the يام الليل so we now finished the first chapter that we wanted to speak about the names and the evidences for it شاء الله تعالى tomorrow we're going to go into another chapter like that as I said before it's 10 to 15 minutes maximum 15 minutes that we want to take these benefits شاء الله تعالى سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك أشهد والله إله إلا الله أستغفر وقت الله


My name is Don Keele. I flew down today from Manitowoc, Wisconsin. Took us all about 10 minutes to get here. What you're looking at in the background is a C-45H. It was used during World War II as a military trainer. It was actually an AT-11 at that time. And they used it as a bombardier trainer. Then in 1954 they remanufactured the aircraft into the present state which is a C-45H and it was used as a military transport. It flies along about 160 miles an hour. It burns a lot of gas. 50 gallons an hour. And it's quite a handful. It's a tail-drager. Not everybody can handle these airplanes. But I flew beach 18s in the old days flying air mail and I've always wanted a beach 18 so I bought this aircraft. I bought it in September. Flew it back from Colorado. Brought it back to Manitowoc. And then I spent all winter now redoing a lot of things which is the nose art that you see in the background here. The stickers, U.S. Air Force, the captain and co-pilot stickers, new decal on the upper left wing. I manufactured all new windows for the cabin so a lot of work but my pride and joy I'll tell you that. So you got any more questions for me there Steve? That's about it. Alright, well nice meeting you guys. Glad to come to Sheboygan and I hope everybody enjoys their day here. Hey, hey, welcome. I'm Paul Walter from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Up here in a beautiful day in Sheboygan at the airport. And what's behind me here is a North American T-28 Trojan. It's a very unique plane in the fact that after World War II the America realized what the jet eight had gone into the jet age and all the fighter jets had nose wheels. So they had to develop a trainer with a nose wheel so they asked North American to design a plane with a nose wheel, which is, of course you can see in the front, and to use a B-17 motor because they had a lot of used B-17s after World War II. So the result was this, the North American T-28 Trojan. This particular version is called the C model that has a tail hook where it can land on aircraft carriers. Most of them were built from 1949 and they were used by the military up through 1990s, over 40 years. This one has a 1,425 horsepower motor, it burns about 55 gallons of high-octane fuel per hour, and it burns about a gallon of oil per hour. This particular one the CIA took over to Zaire, or at that time it was a Belgium Congo, to fight the Communist rebels and it was brought back and restored. I'm a member of a six ship here and we'll be appearing the weekend before Oshkosh, I think that's July 23rd and 24th and 25th, and there'll be about 30 of these out on the field flying around. So if you get a chance, come on out that weekend, I think it's July 24th, the weekend before the Oshkosh flying and we'll be doing formation and aerobatic training and getting our air show routine spruced up. That's about all, it's a heck of a lot of fun to fly one of these, it's great to come out. We fly them to honor our veterans and especially the Vietnam veterans of which this plane was used in. Hi, my name's John and I'm the executive director of the Aviation Heritage Center of Wisconsin and you just heard Paul Walter, a T-28 pilot, tell you all about this magnificent aircraft. I'd like to invite everybody to come to the Aviation Heritage Center of Wisconsin at the Sheboygan County Airport. From July 26th, 27th, 28th and 29th, over 30 of these magnificent aircraft will be here at the airport along with their pilots preparing for their big migration up to Air Venture in Oshkosh. Now why should you come out to the Aviation Heritage Center during that four day period? You should come because it's a very, very rare opportunity to do two things. Number one, see and speak with T-28 pilots up close and personal. And number two, actually get a close up look with a special ramp pass of T-28 aircrafts and see them fly and prepare for their Oshkosh formation flying routine. Hopefully it'll be beautiful weather, it'll have refreshments, a unique opportunity to get a personal aviation experience. Oshkosh is wonderful but here you can actually talk with the pilots, meet them and mingle. So come on out July 26th to the 29th Aviation Heritage Center of Wisconsin, Sheboygan County Airport. I'm Craig Ladwig, owner of the pulling tractor you see behind you. We're from Cascade, Wisconsin and we pull a tractor called Never Giving Up. It's a component pro stock, roughly about 3,000 horsepower, pulled all over the Midwest. Kind of a family friendly sport, love what we do and have a great time doing it. So there you have it, Never Giving Up.


In order to make a myofibril, we have to have thick filaments and thin filaments. And thin filaments have some more weird stuff going on. So we're not just dealing with a single protein in thin filaments, but I just want to remind you that we're still just stacking up some proteins and the whole purpose is to put them together into a myofibril. And remember, myofibril is filled up a myofiber, the muscle cell itself. So let's look at the parts of the actin molecule, I mean the thin filament. And really, the thin filament is mostly actin. And so if we were to look at actin, it actually kind of looks like this and it makes, oh, this is going to be a sad effort. It winds, there's actually like two strands of actin that they wind around each other. Okay, that's not too bad. Can you see how I'm trying to make them form like a double helix? Mm, fancy. Maybe I better make it go there so that you can see that it's happening all the way. Whoa, like that. Those are actin molecules. And they're just proteins. And this whole thing that I'm about to build is a thin filament. Actin, what do you think? What color did I make my myosin? I think blue. Guess what actins have. True story, they all have a myosin binding site. Okay, so I could draw this on every single one of these guys. And do you agree that, dude, if we're going to have filaments, we better have them be able to stick to each other. And it's true. Actin and myosin, when the moon and the stars align, and you send the message, jump, they can attach to each other. All right, there's something else. There is another molecule called tropomyosin. And I'm afraid I'm going to have to make tropomyosin green. Tropomyosin is another friendly. What have I drawn tropomyosin doing? Oh, if you were... Whoa. Oh, geez. I'm not sure what just happened in this area, but the bottom line is what I'm going to tell you. Tropomyosin blocks the myosin binding sites on actin. Did I draw that for you well enough? That would be cool with that. The tropomyosin blocks those binding sites. So when tropomyosin is in place, can you have a muscle contraction? No, no, no. You cannot because the binding sites are blocked. So guess what, we have to bring in somebody else. We have to bring in a gatekeeper. And that would be this guy. And this guy is called troponin. And troponin, just another protein. The troponin's job, this is very cool, so cool. Troponin holds tropomyosin in place, right? What's in place? Blocking the myosin binding sites, okay? Are you seeing, are you getting kind of like, ooh, I bet I can predict what's going to happen. I'm going to make the plot get thicker because, look, troponin has its own binding site. What? Yeah, it has, I mean, troponin, did I say troponin? I hope I did. Troponin has a calcium binding site. Did I already tell you? Or am I just imagining it? The calcium is stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the muscle cell? Oh, so here's the deal. If calcium binds to troponin at the calcium binding site, troponin will change shape. And if troponin changes shape, it can no longer hold tropomyosin in position to cover the myosin binding sites. And now, actin's myosin binding sites are revealed. The truth is revealed and action can happen. Okay, should we go? I think you're good. I think what we need to do now is look at, oh, I think we do need to go back here, because our next job, what you can see, this is an excellent view. What you can see is that it's not like the caphazard tiddlywink pile of myofilaments. Thick and thin. They're super organized. They're so organized that through a microscope, you see stripes. That's how organized they are. They're like toe in that line. It's really important for their function. So they toe the line, and that's what we're going to talk about next. How are they organized into this myofibril? And the fact is they're organized into something called a sarcomere. Let's talk about sarcomere's next K.


Ladies and gentlemen welcome back back back back back back back To a fix your form video. My name is silent Mike. I'm here to help you with today your squats If you want to get involved, let's see three reps at 70% We need a clean horizontal video send it to ask mikke at gmail.com and we'll try to feature you Remember we get tons of video entries So be patient with us or slowly working through them share this with your friends give this thing a thumbs up and subscribe if this Helped you out at all. We got my man squatting first off my man Looks a little heavier in 70% second off my man. Looks like you're just a hair high What we need to do is start to work on our pacing and see how you control the weight Be quick, but don't hurry.  It looks a little bit uncomfortable and you're already scrunching into that neck Coming out the chin's a little bit too high now neutral spine is something that maybe talked about a little bit too much Yes, we want a neutral spine. No You don't have to look to have a directly neutral spine But what we want is that our hips are moving correct away and often when our neck or a chin is not neutral Our hips can move a little funky So I suggest facing away from the mirror and figuring this out So for you my man, I dropped that chin a little bit drop those eyes a little bit I know we got another angle of you coming up the crotch cam So I'll try to get a better idea of what's happening here. It looks like your knees are also caving a bit so Chin a little bit down eyes a little bit down. The other thing I'd recommend is try moving that barbell a little bit lower On your back Try to get it just above your rear delts and really squeeze your back tight together The other thing I'm gonna recommend is that you lower the weight again It looks like it's a little bit heavier than 70% Third and last is what I'm gonna recommend is get a slightly wider stance and really focus on feeling the ground with your feet You want your entire foot in contact with the ground and then you're gonna force those knees out hard So for you, we got to work on that pacing not pausing in the hole unless you're trying to do pause squats face away from the mirror neck down eyes down stance a little bit wider Feel the ground as hard as you can with your entire foot and really force those knees out now You got a little bit of work to do my man, but you got your bases covered It's just about cleaning up those little things to really perfect the squat The squat is a highly technical movement people talk about old power liftings pure strength And it's this and it's grunt grunt grunt man man caveman caveman But there's a lot of technique involved and as soon as we can start to clean up that technique You'll be able to handle more volume and training and you'll be more efficient You'll be able to build some more muscles while also getting stronger moving on to our next candidate of the day our number two Bachelor ladies and gentlemen for all two of you ladies. He might be single. He's wearing some clean Nikes He's got the shorty short soccer shorts.  Oh, he reversed not the camera, but his stance I like that Overall looks really really solid especially from this angle. It's just from that side angle I could see you getting pitched forward just a bit again Another thing I'll try to experiment with you as well as trying to move that bar a hair lower when we're going with the lower bar position It's not always the best But I think for most people you're going to be a little bit more comfortable and lift more weight that way What you want to do is really squeeze your back together trying to pull your elbows down and together behind your back Squeeze in those shoulder blades squeezing those rear delts really flexing all of your back as much as you can and then you Want to place that barbell often fit perfectly kind of mid-trap either on that rear delt or just above it because it makes a Little shelf for itself And if you don't have a little shelf back there Sometimes you have to raise your elbows up behind you and if you that doesn't work And then it's time to do a more rows a more more pull downs more Face poles and build up that back, but overall do you super solid squat my man. We got the SPD crew in here It's a really good squat to you can see the barbell right here is kind of sitting on the rear delt Even him I think could go a hair lower to be a little bit more comfortable You lose a little bit of tightness on that second rep It looks like you're trying to rush to get a little bit too much rebound But that third rep is clean. I think that third reps are cleanest overall, dude I think You know Scala one to ten. That's that's a nine out of ten squat It looks really really solid one thing that I'm Going to be nitpicky about is on that unrack as much as you can try to unrack the weight And this goes for everyone with your hips and not your knees you can squat it out of there But it's going to be a little inconsistent Obviously a deep j-hook like that rack doesn't help but as much as you can unrack a weight with your hips It's going to be a little bit better number two for your spotter's sake Repeat this is probably the most important for your spotter's sake either pull those shorts up or pull those pants down You see his eye line and it's going to write down that butt crack And now it looks like he's a good friend to you the guy's stylish you guys are matching He looks like he's strong himself He's got that peach boy booty But if he's got a stare at your butt crack every single time you're doing a triple heavy triple in the gym I mean the guy's going to end up with pink eye inevitably Inevitably he's going to end up with pink eye and that's not going to be healthy for either of your training environments or your Progression or your program so what I recommend is pulling those pants up shirt down just kidding my man But overall that's a super super super good squat You just rushed one of those a little bit got a little empty in the hole But the other two reps were near perfect My man with the calculator walk out. I like it Let's see what we got All right This is actually a great case and something I see very often is people hear You know low bar squat and they hear hips back and they hear all these things And so they're going to squat with a super vertical shin now some people can't get away with this But I think it's more optimal for the majority of people if you can use your quads glutes and hands in the in the squat And if you have a super vertical shin chances are you're not using that much quad as it has to do with knee extension so what I would try to do for you is The cue pushing into your knees and starting that squat pushing your knees forward Another thing I would recommend is a slightly narrower stance and moving that arm grip in a little bit With the squat I would always Recommend everybody put their grip in as close as they can that does not cause pain and allows you to put the bar where you want It's going to automatically force your back into a tighter better position for the squat and automatically build that shelf for you So whatever that is whatever finger that is in the ring. I Would put your grip as close as you can and really wedge yourself under that barbell But for you my man, I really focused on pushing in those knees So then you don't get ahead of yourself on the squat your torso gets progressively a Increased angle and what we basically want is a little bit forward lean or that torso angle is fine in the low bar squat There's nothing wrong with it We can use our low back our glutes and hands and squat a lot of weight safely But what we want to do is maintain whatever torso angle we start with we want to maintain that through the entire range of motion Through the entire repetition through each set through each rep so in your case you're getting drastically Increased angle you can see right here You're straight up and down and your chest starts to fold as you go down and even more so out of the hole So if you move that stance in push those knees forward get a tighter back And maybe even a tighter belly and really think about leading with your traps into the barbell again guys I appreciate you hopefully you picked up a couple cues a couple tips that help you in the squat Let's keep getting better together Be sure to give this thing a thumbs up if you appreciate these type of videos. I appreciate the support so much my friends Subscribe and I'll catch you guys the next video new video drop in every Tuesday and Thursday Saturday Sunday salad Mike I'm out of here. Thanks guys


So, now what we need to show is that suppose C of omega is a subset of A, if C of omega is a subset of A, then A is common knowledge. That is what we need to show. So, we now show that if C of omega is a subset of A, then A is common knowledge is omega. Now, see what we are what we want to show is that if C of omega is a subset of A, then A is common knowledge in omega. That is the claim we want to show. But remember C of A is C of omega is a more subspecific set as compared to A. A is more general, C of omega is a subset. So, and one of the properties of common knowledge that we have saw that if you if something specific is common knowledge, then something more general than that is also common knowledge in the same state of the world. So, if it is common knowledge that if it is common knowledge that it is raining right now, it would also be common knowledge that the road is wet or that the humidity is high or anything something anything that is implied by the fact that it is raining right now. All of those things are also common knowledge. So, therefore, it is enough it is enough to show that C of omega itself is common knowledge. If once C of omega itself becomes common knowledge, then that then we will be done because once C of omega itself is common knowledge in omega, then any super set of C of omega will also be common knowledge super set of C of omega will also be common knowledge in omega. So, this thing that I have written here what we will actually show is in place of this what we will show is we will actually show that C of omega is common knowledge in omega. And the way to show C of omega is common knowledge in omega is something related to what you are asking. So, what I want you to now reflect on is what do you think is going to be this set take any player i let i be any player. What is this? What are the states of the world in which player i knows C of omega the connected component corresponding to some state of the world omega. So, eventually we are going to show this is common knowledge. You can even guess what this would probably turn out to be this would turn out to be C of omega itself because then it will become independent of player i and then it will also end up being common also. But we can be more intelligent than that. So, let us actually show this. So, let us look at C of so fix a player i. Now, if you look at this set f i of omega take any omega dash take omega dash belonging to f i of omega. So, omega is this fixed state of the world that we are considering and omega dash is another state of the world that player i cannot distinguish from omega which means what omega dash has to therefore be in C of omega itself has to be right. So, which means that you take C of omega C of omega is always going to be contained in in this. Let me write it like this f i of omega dash where omega dash ranges over C of omega. So, you take all states of the world in C of omega. So, all states of the world that are in this particular connected component take f i for those states of the world they are all going to be in C of omega itself because player i cannot distinguish between anything any element any of the elements in f i of omega dash. So, there is always going to be an edge between all those impact that subset of vertices or impact forms a clique in the graph. So, this is necessarily going to be this is a subset. So, what is so in fact I do not need to write this.  So, take any omega dash in C of omega and omega double dash in f i of omega dash take any omega dash in C of omega and omega double dash in f i of omega dash. Now, player i cannot distinguish between omega dash and omega double dash. So, therefore, omega double dash is also in C of omega which means in particular C of omega is contained in this union sorry C of omega contains this union all of these are contained in C of omega. But there is something that is trivially this is this is almost total logical here because because what this in particular can see f i of omega dash contains omega dash itself. So, this is union of omega dash singleton's omega dash where omega dash belongs to C of omega and what is this left hand side equal to this is this is by definition equal to C of omega. So, what this means is if you take the f i is corresponding to various points in C of omega for any player i take the f i is corresponding to various points in C of omega take the union that becomes C of omega. So, which means C of omega is always the union of elements of partitions of a player and in this is in fact true for every player take any player C of omega is structured in such a way that it forms it is formed by taking the union of his the elements of his partition some elements of his partition. So, and the way C of omega arranges itself is that somehow these the unions of the elements of his partition the becomes C of omega and this is true for every player. So, you C of omega can be chopped in various ways and they somehow become the elements of partitions for each player. Now, the interesting thing here is that the what does this imply this implies that for one is that you know this needs a whole lot of coincidence on that on with the partitions in the absence of the partitions nicely aligning with each other right you will not it may the only set that will turn out to be common knowledge is what is why itself why will turn out to be because why is always the union of the elements of partitions. So, if you want something smaller something more specific to end up being common knowledge then it has to be that you know the partitions of the players have to agree in a you know have to you know align in a certain in a nice way. So, this means that C of omega is equal to union of Fi of omega dash over all omega dash in C of omega and this is true for if this is true for all players i in n. Now, if this is true for all players i in n then we are almost done. So, firstly C of omega is the union of elements of a partition which means what is going to be Ki of C of omega it is going to be C of omega itself. So, this is going to be C of omega and this is true for all i for every player. So, which means therefore that naturally therefore, if you take Ki 1 Ki 2 dot dot dot Ki r of C of omega that is always going to be C of omega means omega belongs to Ki 1 of Ki 2 of dot dot dot C of omega which means C of omega is common knowledge in this is the main thing we wanted to show. Now, when C of now that C of omega is common knowledge in omega it since a is a superset of C of omega a is also common knowledge in omega. So, this is how the sets that are common knowledge get structured and this also has implications on a very beautiful result regarding agreement between players. How can about whether when can two players agree on a certain fact because after all agreement is based on knowledge and whether players can agree or not depends on how they are how they are what kind of information they are getting. And so, the kind of the way the partitions get created and the way the partitions align with each other depend decide whether players can actually agree or agree or not. So, and now agree means you can again I do not mean agree in a kind of emotional or social way, but agree in a technical way. So, for this I need to define for you what agreement and so on means but essentially that is it is essentially something like what is something like what is commonly known as consensus and so on ok ok.


Excellent. Thanks. Okay. Good afternoon, everyone. This is the convening of the Massachusetts Gaming Commission, and we're holding this meeting virtually. So take a call. Good afternoon, Commissioner O'Brien. Good afternoon. I'm here. Good afternoon, Commissioner Hill. Good afternoon. I'm here. And good afternoon, Commissioner Maynard. Good afternoon. I'm here. Good afternoon. Commissioner Skinner is away. So we'll proceed today is January 27. It's a Friday. Happy Friday, everybody. And it is public meeting number 430. And we're going to get started right away with them. Executive director Wells to your administrative update. Hi, Karen. Hi, good morning, Barf. Good afternoon. So I don't have anything specific for the administrative update, but I'm just going to move forward into the sports wagering implementation to just give an update where we are in the scheduling with respect to the agenda today. The commission has already approved the house rules. So that matter is set. As I mentioned yesterday, the plan for the certificate of operations is that we would do that on Monday. I have spoken with GLI spoke to them last night. They expect to be ready to go. But the plan is putting together a memo from the commission to make sure that you are aware that each of the seven elements in 251 has been complied with. So you'd be comfortable giving the operation certificate. He's expecting to send that out to you later today. So we're all, we're working on that. So we seem to be all set as far as the schedule for the launch on Tuesday. There is a matter that came to my attention yesterday. I don't know if that's something we didn't anticipate at the time of the posting. So madam chair, I'm not sure if you want to go to that matter now or wait till the end of the agenda for item six for that. That has to do with the advertising regulations. That were updated on Monday. Let's proceed with that Karen. Thanks. Okay. So I have sent all the commissioners the. Request from the licensees at the three casino properties. So the category one sports wagering operators. And I do have representation of the leaf from each one of them here on the call today. So they have submitted something because generally my understanding the sort of the larger issue is that the commission updated regulations for advertising on Monday. And it had the, I believe unintended consequence of impacting media buys or promotional activities. They had already engaged in as a result of the prior version of the regulation. So we have discussed the matter internally. I do have Mark Vander Linden on here. My understanding the general crux of the issue is the size of the font of some of the responsible gaming language. And this, how much space that would take up. So the internal recommendation for the commission is that at this time, we grant the waiver request for all three properties for at least two weeks to give them a grace period to get in compliance with the new regulations. If, if that is something the commission is inclined to do, they can continue with some of the operations they have already already put into place.  I do have director Vander Linden on here. If Mark, you want to make any comments at this point in your comfort level with doing that with respect to the responsible gaming messaging. Yeah. Thank you, Karen. And good afternoon, everybody. I think that the request for the waiver is, is absolutely reasonable. The, I think the intention of what the regulation is, is right. But it, it's understandable that the licensees proceeded with efforts based on a previous version. Questions. Sure, Brian. So the only question I have is how far off are they. In terms of the sizing of the RG message. I don't know if any one of the licensees can jump on. I was sent the messaging, at least from on core yesterday. I think Jackie's on Jackie. Are you able to jump on? I am. Good morning. Oh, good afternoon. The font size that we're using is what we've typically used in all other advertising for gaming operations. It is smaller than what's required under the new provision. And we have to actually go back and look at that and see what. We haven't had a chance to analyze the new regulation to see exactly. What that would require. We know it's going to be larger, but it's. Whether we have a title or whether we have a majority of the description and a different font or different size. We got to go back and see all of those things. May I ask a question? Jackie, it just done on me. I'm sorry. So. I provided each of you acceptable language for the problem gambling helpline. It was developed and given to me by the Department of Public Health. And I guess, would it make a difference? If the language about the problem gambling helpline, while it's still there, it wouldn't include the tagline that would go along. So it free up some space. Absolutely. Anything we can do to shorten it would be great. Just for example, the way it's currently structured is, it would essentially preclude us from you doing anything on billboards because we wouldn't be able to physically put all of the full information on billboards. But we can deal with that part later. If we can't do billboards, we can't do billboards. It's, but anything we can do to shorten the language and make it still visible. That would be very useful for us. I had a conversation yesterday with. Department of Public Health about this and can they, they agreed. That if it needs to be shorter. So for example, without the tagline, but still offering the helpline, we can't do billboards. We can't do billboards. We can't do billboards. But they would be okay with that. That would be very much appreciated. So director Vandal and I had a good conversation around that. Commissioner O'Brien thinking. You know. It's critical to have the phone number available. And I know that director Vandal and it's interested in having. Perhaps game sense promoted in some way. And with the new font adaptation and less characters, I think it's going to be a little bit different. I think it's going to be a little bit different. For the real estate, but it becomes larger. More. You know, readable. And yet it, it's about the same amount of real estate. It's just that right now. You go by the billboard at several lines. So. The one thing I would, I would, I would. Recommend adoption of today's. Proposal from. Director Wells and director Vandal. I think it's a little bit different. But I also, I also think we. We did adopt that, that recommendation. And the other day we did have discussion and I. I immediately said, I had worried about some unforeseen consequences, but really didn't know how to address it at that moment. And your issue. It actually. Made. The problem clear. So I'm wondering if. That makes sense too. For rector Vandal and others to sit down with. The operators and say, what exactly are the practical. Considerations for our reg. Cause I think we adopted, I think it might have come for sure. If you remember Ohio, that might have been there. York, I think we're the. In terms of the sizing and it was Pennsylvania and you. And that was the app that the reg language we chose. I don't remember. Anyway. To the extent that we could improve upon it, you know, we have some flexibility to revisit. And I don't. I think that doesn't mean we will change it, but I think it's to take this period of time to just. Get some practical. Insights on. What the font means. And. I think that we all agree. That we're going to be able to do that. We're going to be able to get the messaging to be effective. Right. And if it's this way. Then you're paying for something that's. Not useful. And not helpful. I didn't mean to. Jump in. Actually I did. Sorry. I'm happy to, to jump in. Yeah, I wanted to be practical. I don't want anything to step in the way of. You know, Hearing what. Director Vanderlinden has to say, I'm also open to hearing, you know, if there's a timeframe in which we could stagger. Information and maybe perhaps. I'm looking at you, Jackie, and North. You can't see that I'm looking at you, but. You know, perhaps something that. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm just going to roll out in a time period that makes sense. Because we did just vote. You know, these breaks in. So. I'm fine with the proposal. And we would welcome the opportunity to sit down. We're still analyzing it internally. And I think what we can do is. Configure some different marketing materials. In accordance with the requirements and work with direct services. And I think that's what some of the issues are. Whether it takes up. The whole page, whether, whether it's visible. And I think we can, we can work through that. Sorry. I just want to check in with. Mr. Hill. Are you all set right now? Did you want to weigh in? I'm all set with what has been proposed. And I think sitting down with the licensees would be appropriate. I'm not sure. I just want to see if North had anything. I mean, I know they function in Pennsylvania already. So I didn't know if he had anything to add to the conversation. So the issue is. You're correct. Commissioner O'Brien. The language did. Seem much like a mirror image of Pennsylvania. The issues in Pennsylvania, the required disclosure is shorter. And so there's some elements here where. Realistically, our request for a waiver was based on just not wanting to run afoul. Of the regulation and not being certain that we were in compliance. We're certainly not trying to hide a responsible gaming as a message or not make it prominent. You know, we want to be in compliance, but we'd like some time to work with director Vanderland and figure out, you know, just to make sure that we got all our eyes and cross all our teas. Also, some of these things just have a long lead time for production. And so, you know, we didn't want a scenario where the commission thought. Or maybe didn't think through, Hey, this collateral was ordered. You know, three, four weeks ago before we were even aware that this was out there. So we were kind of operating under the standards that we had used before. So that, that's really was the reason for the ask. You know, again, we're still going to have responsible gaming issues out there. We're not going to obscure them. You know, we're, we are certainly not trying to do anything drastically differently than what you've seen from the Senate. We just want some time to clarify and then make sure that we have everything in place as the commission expects. Thank you. And I see that. Also. Kim is. Attending. I don't know if MGM wants to weigh in in any way. Hi. How are you? Good afternoon, chair. I'm fine. Thanks very much. There's always a pleasure. I really have nothing further to add into one of the questions. You've already said, you know, we're mindful of making sure that we comply. We're highly, you know, aware of responsibility. All the wording is there. Just the fact that the font size has changed is what's, what's the issue for us right now. We are working expeditiously to replace all of our signs with, you know, with the new font. But if in the future, we're going to be able to do that, we're going to be able to do that. And we're going to be able to do that. We're going to be able to replace all of our signs with new font. But if indeed it is the position of the commission, then in fact, we might have a discussion about changing the wording to make, you know, the funds, the same, but maybe making it legible. We would welcome that as well. So that I think that's a great suggestion by the. And we were doors. Taking an approach. Yeah. Okay. So any. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Executive director. Yeah, I was just going to ask Todd, Todd, is this something the commission would need to vote on or. What is, what's the under two 51. What is the requirement? Yeah, there's actually a specific procedure you have to engage in in order to grant a waiver of variants from a regulation. First, you, of course, you'd want to identify the regulation that needs. You need a variance from. The regulation, which allows you to grant variances to the sports wagering related regulations. And it ties it back to the procedure. And one oh two point oh three four, and there are four findings you have to make in order to grant a waiver or variance. And I can go through them if that would be helpful, but there is a process. So. I'm also wondering, Todd, it may be helpful for the commission to sort of help out with this motion given that this all came about at the last minute. Right. And I think I can say, I can say safely that this was a matter that we're putting on that was unanticipated. Yes. And so we're safely including it in today's agenda. It's the timeliness is critical. And I, and I think we're being responsible by addressing it today. So, Todd, if you could walk us through as Karen was saying. Sure. It may be helpful if I just show you the, the rule instead of just read it to you. If that's okay. This is. Two of five CMR one oh two point oh three, and this is paragraph four that talks about waivers and variances. And I would just represent to you that you made this applicable to sportsway during yesterday. And so the part about chapter 23 K. It will change to 23 and under the new. The new version of the commission. And I don't know if you can see that. I know that you're talking about the commission, but it says that the commission may, and it's discretion waiver grant of variance from any provision or requirement of two or five CMR. Not specifically required by law. And that's an important part. And I just kind of mentioned that that you can't grant a variance from anything that's statutorily required. You can only grant a variance from things that are in the regulations. And so this, I don't believe the, the issue you're talking about today is discussed in the statute and as long as the commission finds that, and then there's the following four things that granting the waiver of variance is consistent with the purposes of, in this case would be chapter 23 N. Granting the waiver of variance will not interfere with the ability of the commission or the bureau to fulfill its duties. Granting the waiver of variance will not adversely affect the public interest. And not granting the waiver of variance would cause a substantial hardship to the person requesting. Granting the waiver of variance. So you have to make those four findings. In order to allow these requests. Okay. Can you go back to the, the rag that we adopted yesterday, please. That includes that one of that reference is one or two. Yeah. Let me see. Okay. So this is, I'll show you just the red line version. Thanks. So this was part of the, I'll just show you the amendments to 202, which also include the definition section. Yeah. That was way at the end. Way at the end. So one is not really relevant to this. It's really here paragraph two. Where the commission waves or grants of variance from any provision or requirement contained into a five CMR 2.0. That's specifically required by law. The waiver of variance should be conditioned upon a finding that the requirements specified in two or five similar 1.0, 2.04, which we just read. And the finding that granting the waiver of variance is consistent with the purposes of chapter. So essentially what you're doing is just replacing the first factor in one or two. With 23 N instead of 23 K. And now we'll need the advertising. That one I don't have handy. I'd have to go. That's the one where they start to fonts. And we added that particular language. I feel that we. It got brought up this earlier this week so that we added an additional requirement. That's where I said, oh, I wonder if it's going to make it complicated. Where we added to the, not only the phone number, but also RG language, but we had added the font just to maybe a week before, maybe commissioners.  See if I can find it. Thank you. I meant to pull it up on myself. I didn't get a chance. If you give me a second, I can probably pull that up. But I know I have the reg open. If anyone can pinpoint the exact section, that would be helpful. It would be the one with a, that's, that has a whole bunch of numbers in it. It's about font size, if you scroll. Oh, okay. Let me see if I can find the font. And then I think we added the words with the phone numbers mentioned them. I think we amended it to include in responsible of gaming messaging or something like that, right, Mark? I think it's on page five, Todd. Thanks. Okay. Yeah. Well, here I'll show you the whole. Reg and we can try. Perfect. Section. Okay. Thank you so much. I think it's in here. For video. This is video or television. For websites and social media. Oh, six. Oh, six. I think it's 064. Is this it?  For the. Yes. We were talking about yesterday. Yes. Everything under section four. Yeah. And I'm sure it's in the letters, but I'm sorry that we just don't have it.  So thank you. So, and then we added at the end. And then if you scroll down. We was a phone number mentioned. It is possible. I'm looking at an older version. So the phone number is statually required. Yeah. Be prominent. So this defines prominence. So the regs define what we mean by prominence, not the appearance of the number, which I think is mandated by statute. And I think elsewhere in the right. So it's not the fact of the number. They're putting the number in. It's the prominence. But I just know that the number was referenced. That's what I'm saying in terms of looking for the language. The 1 800 number. Would be another. Way to find it. I believe that 23 in really only references the help line. When you're entering a mobile application or website, but it is pretty standard practice. And I think it's, it's recommended by the American gaming association. I don't know if many circumstances are having done a lot of research where the help line is not included in. And advertising. And we did mandate it in the regs, I think. I think that's a good point. I think that's a good point. I think that's a good point. I think that's a good point. I think that's a good point. I think that's a good point. The shares point. Right. Yes. We did. I think. Right. Yeah. But then we added that with some responsible game language. Yes. But I think what we, the reason why you need to have a conversation is. Let's make it so that. It works. Sorry. I think they may be a typo in the regulation. So this is what we're looking at. So it's this is what we're looking at. So it says. It says information regarding the problem gaming helping. So I think that was maybe help line. Not helping. I think that's maybe why you can't find it. It may have been corrected in the version we have here. That's good. It says help line. It looks like the record, the encore request is for a waiver. for as Jackie just said, so. Could we see the most recent version? Did you find it or no? Is that what you guys are looking for? Todd, if you want me to pull up the version that was filed by emergency, I'm happy to do that. Yeah, please go for it. And I assume for PPC and MGM, Springfield, it's the same provision. You want relief from that requirement, so. That's true. Okay, this is the, can everyone see this? Yeah, we can see it. Caitlin, I'm just going to get to the right place. Two fifty six point oh six four is this. Okay, do you mind making it a tad bigger if you can? Absolutely. Thanks. Yeah, so signs, direct mail marketing. I remember Commissioner O'Brien that you reminded me is just strictly for the advertising for billboards. And then if you continue on. Yeah, Caitlin. Then I'm going to continue to the next page here. Yeah, digital billboards. Video and television. And then if you scroll down websites, social media. Scroll down to E here. Well, so maybe the phone number wasn't. That wasn't it's a different provision then. OK. So they're looking for relief from this provision in order to because they've already got them there. Media by out there. And it would be for the grace period that gets them through this media by. But we want to be nimble enough to buy some so they can get their next media by in place, right? With the right stuff. So Director Vanderlin, could I ask if you and Michelle O'Brien could work on that? They could be helpful. I mean, if you just work in. I think Commissioner Maynard. To your point, you want to be practical. Is there anything you want to add here? Nothing that hasn't been said. Excellent. So we need a motion now. I can cobble up a motion unless Eileen has it ready to go. So I've got the two. More than happy to defer. Well, and the number and the number of the ad read again. I've got that. OK, good. Excellent. I just want to make sure I get the. I just want to make sure that I get the. Aaron Corporation correct from yesterday. So I know that it's. The four factors under. 205 CMR 102.03. Is that reference good enough, Todd? Yeah. All right. So let's do it this way. Is it 20232 as well? Or yeah, yeah, it's it's good. Yeah, that's exactly right. If you were to read it, if you're going to go through each factor, it just substitute 23K for 23N, and that would cover what essentially 102. Sorry, 202 says. Got it. All right. And the only I'm sorry, Commissioner Maynard, the only other thing I'd add to the chair's point, I think you'll want to establish how long a period of time you were granting this variance for. Let's get some help there. Michelle, Brian, I thought the request for sort of two week period or did I miss here? I had a conversation with at least one operator. I can't remember who at this point, but that at least two weeks two weeks from today is the 10th. And we have a commission meeting scheduled for the ninth. So if there was a necessity for an extension, we could do that on the ninth. That was my thinking. OK, I guess I'm going to turn to Jackie and Gus and Nor. There's two weeks work for you. At this point, I think we were hoping to get beyond Super Bowl because that materials all been already designed, the contents really been designed. That was the only our only consideration. But, you know, once once that's over. And Jackie, when you say that that it's been designed, that means really you can't you can't pull it at this point. It's it's some of it can be pulled, but we wouldn't have time to redesign and resubmit. Yeah, OK, and so. Commissures, so when's our next meeting of some Monday the 13th, right, is the day after the Super Bowl? When's the next meeting after that? Hold on, I'm looking. I have the February 23rd. It's on schedule. Sure, we'll have some meetings in between then. Well, yeah, it's like middle of the week after the Super Bowl, and that way we could always come back just on that issue alone. If we had to. That's right. Yeah, currently we have an agenda setting meeting scheduled for Wednesday the 15th, but right now we don't have a public meeting schedule until the 23rd. Maybe the 15th, because then we can do that for a gender setting. Crystal, you like that idea? We'll put it on. We'll put it on for a gender setting on the first to think about setting it should should we need to make some adjustments. In the meantime, why don't we say through February 15th and with the idea that Mark and Eileen will work with the three operators and just be practical, consistent with our priorities that we've established. Commissioner Maynard, Commissioner Tell, do you want to weigh in on that at all in terms of guidance for that meeting? Now, I think what has been said is satisfactory moving forward. OK. All right, so, Commissioner Maynard, you're right. Madam Chair, I move that in accordance with 205 CMR 102.03 in consideration of section four of 205 CMR 256.06 as received by a letter from Encore Boston, Jackson Harbor and also expressed here today by MGM and Plain Ridge Park Casino that we grant a variance in relation to that advertising rig because we found that the four factors were met. Factor one, granting the waiver or variance is consistent with the purposes of MGL chapter 23 in granting the waiver or variance will not interfere with the ability of this commission or the Bureau to fulfill its duties that granting the waiver or variance will not adversely affect the public interest and not granting the waiver or variance would cause a substantial hardship to the person, in this case, persons requesting the waiver or variance. Could I just offer a friendly? Absolutely. That we add in also consistent with the requirement 205 CMR 202.032. That's just a reference back to the 100s. I accept that amendment and would also add that this would be in effect until February 15, 2023. I second. Do we want to say through February 15, since the meeting would be the February 15? Yeah, through February. Thank you, thank you, through February 15th. Yes. OK, for that suggestion, everybody just second is on the record from Commissioner O'Brien, everyone's nodding their heads. Any further discussion? Council Grossman, are we all right? I think that was excellent. I would just add just to clarify one point. All three licenses submitted a request in writing. I thought I heard you say just one, but they all. OK, yep, as as accepted. From all three. So I'm pursuant to the submissions of all three and as recorded today, because I think there was a little bit of additional light today. OK, excellent. We're all good. All right, Commissioner O'Brien. Hi, Mr. Hill. Hi, Mr. Hillmater. Hi. And I vote yes for zero. Thank you and well done to the legal team to put us in the position to be able to be nimble today. So thank you. And thank you to Director Van der Linden. All set, Mark. Yeah. All right. So now we I think we're all set on that item. We will now turn to our agenda item. Councillor Grossman, thank you. And thank you to the properties. Jackie, Gus, Nora, thank you so much. Have a nice weekend. OK, thank you. OK, OK. And first, if I may, I just wanted to start by saying I do have a I've been telehealth medical appointment at two o'clock. I didn't anticipate this first issue coming up. So I didn't have a chance to reschedule that. It's my orthopedist, so it's hard to get on that calendar. I don't anticipate it would be very long and I don't have to go anywhere, so I just in case our conversation goes a little longer than 15 minutes, I may have to duck out with your indulgence. But that being said, let me jump right in, Madam Chair and commissioners, if I may, and just note that Section 24 of Chapter 23 and was added to the sports wagering law after the initial enactment of most of the sections. And just to calibrate what we're talking about here, Section 24 discusses the intercept by the operators of certain winnings from players relative to child support and tax obligations due to the Commonwealth. And this section of the law was added as part of what is referred to as an act relating to the economic growth and relief for the Commonwealth. And we discovered this inclusion this past week, which is why we're bringing it to you now. The new section, as I mentioned, essentially requires that each sports wagering operator, regardless of their category, review information provided by the Department of Revenue to determine whether the patron at issue has any outstanding child support payments or tax obligations. And this language is very similar to the language included in Chapter 23K, Section 51, that relates to casinos. And with that, if it would be helpful, I'd be happy to pull this language up so everyone can see it. And then otherwise, there are a couple of other points I thought might be helpful just to make. So it would be helpful to look at the statute. It's not very long. Yes, just so you can see it. OK. OK. So this is Chapter 23 and Section 24. As you can see, it was added by the act I just described. And it's nearly identical, although it's laid out slightly differently from the corresponding provision in the gaming statute. So of course, let's start here prior to an operator's disbursement of a cash prize that is subject to withholding under Section 30402 of the Internal Revenue Code, which shall also show you the operator shall review information made available by the IVD agency as said forth in Chapter 119A. And I will just represent to you that the IVD agency set forth in Chapter 119A is the Department of Revenue. That's what they're referred to under federal law in that they collect child support payments, but it's the same organization and by the Department of Revenue to determine if the winner of the cash or prize owes any pass to child support to the Commonwealth or to an individual to whom the IVD agency is providing services or tax liability to the Commonwealth. So that's essentially, again, the identical language included in Chapter 23. Okay. Section B goes through the order of operations, if you will, as to what happens if it's discovered that the patron does owe money. So the first part actually is a requirement that the operators file a report with the Department of Revenue periodically, and this is done under Chapter 23K if money is intercepted. So at least the three gaming operators are accustomed to doing that. Two, three, and four, again, talk about the order of operations. So basically the way it works is that if there's a hit, the first thing that comes out is any state or federal tax withholding. And I'll show you under the federal statute where this withholding occurs, there is, as far as I can tell, no corresponding state withholding. There was, there is on the gaming, the casino gaming side, but they didn't include anything on the sports catering side. So we don't believe there's any withholding. But so that's the first thing that comes out is any withholding that is required under a federal law. Then the first place from there that the money goes is to the Department of Revenue to take care of any outstanding child support obligations. And then after that, you go into paragraph three, then it goes to DOR for pass to tax liabilities. And then in four, it goes to the patron to the extent there's any remainder. So basically the way it works is if the patron owes money, the first thing that gets taken out is any withholding that's due. Second thing that comes out is outstanding child support obligations. Next is the outstanding tax liabilities. And then the rest goes to the patron. And that's what this statute says. And that's again, very similar to the way section by chapter 23 case section 51. Any questions about this statute? And I have a lot more to say about some of these things if that's helpful, but I just wanted to show you what the statute actually says. Okay. So in order to, and by the way, I'm happy to go into as much or as little detail as would be helpful here, we could probably spend quite some time going through the federal tax law. And I'd be happy to do that. But if we don't need to, please just say the word and we'll move on. But the first thing I think you want to take a look at from there is what section 3402 of the internal revenue code talks about. And this is important because it's the triggering event, so to speak, that requires the operators to run the overdue tax and child support check, meaning that when this occurs, they need to take some action. First to hold the funds under 3402 and then to perform the other checks. It's important to recall that on the casino side, there's a body of law that talks about slot machines too. And there's a distinction in the federal law between slot machine winnings and essentially other winnings in the casino. On the slot machine side, people are probably more familiar with the $1,200 threshold. And when a patron wins $1,200 or more on a slot machine, the machine freezes up and there is a required tax report. It's not a withholding at that point. It's just a report. And there's obviously an important distinction there. W2G is filed. And at that point, the casino runs the DOR intercept check. It's a little bit different when it comes to table games and sports wagering. And I'd be happy to, again, I don't wanna overcomplicate things, but I'd be happy to show you section 3402 just so you can see basically what it says. And this is the federal tax code. So this is section 3402. This is part C. So as you can see from here, this is way down in the section, but I will recommend to you that I believe this is the section at issue. This talks about gambling winnings. And there's a couple of things here that are important. It basically says, starting here with the general rule that every person who in this case would be the casino or the sports wagering operator, making a payment of winnings, which are subject to withholding. And that is a defined term that we'll look at in a second. Shall deduct and withhold from such a payment tax in an amount equal to the third lowest rate of tax under section 1C and such payment, which I wanna say is 5%, but I'm not 100% sure about that. So that is required. This is federal law again, not state law. So this is required here. The term winnings, which are subject to withholding is a defined term and it breaks it down into three categories, all of which are important to just be generally aware of. The first is the one that applies in the case of sports wagering. And it says accept as provided in B and C, which we'll take a quick look at as well, proceeds of more than $5,000 from a wagering transaction if the amount of such proceeds is at least 300 times as large as the amount of wager. So both of those things have to be true in order for it to be considered a winning, which is subject to withholding. So it's not just that someone won $5,001, it also has to be as a result of a wager that was essentially at least 300 to one. So for example, a standard blackjack would not meet this threshold. So if you happen to spend $10,000 on a blackjack hand, as we know, that pays out either two to one or three to two depending on the table you're playing at. So it doesn't approach the 300 to one threshold at all. So this doesn't apply in that type of situation. It does apply with certain more exotic wagers on table games and whatnot and some progressives and things like that, but most of the table games it doesn't apply to. But it may very well apply in the sportsway during context that someone were to hit a parlay or something along those lines, whereas we heard the odds are essentially aggregated. So this is an important piece here because this would be the trigger under the chapter 23 and section 24 that requires the operator to conduct the intercept review. Just real quickly, paragraph B applies to the lottery. So that doesn't really apply to anything we are involved with here. And then paragraph C does apply to things we are involved with. This applies to paramutual pools, HILI and other types of lottery. So this is on the racing side of the house. This is the section that controls under mass law, the threshold is I think it's $600, not $5,000 that was lowered by state law, but essentially it includes the same language that the wagering transaction in these paramutual pools if the amount of such proceeds at least 300 times as large as the amount of wagering. The only other thing I wanted to show you here is that this section here does not apply to winnings from slot machines. So that's why they're treated differently under the law. So winnings on slot machines just require tax reports. There's no withholding on that. And these types of winnings require a withholding. So it's different treatment under the law, just an important wrinkle to understand. So with all that being said, let me kind of cut to the present situation. And then of course happy to drill down further on any of these principles. So how does a licensee go about checking to see whether someone owes money? On the casino side, the parties have entered into MOUs with the Department of Revenue and the Gaming Commissioner is a signatory to those MOUs by which they each have access to a web-based database by which they run a query on an individual when the taxable triggering event occurs, they then go run the person's name through the DOR database to see whether the person owes any child support or outstanding tax. And my understanding is that the information that's returned to the casino is merely either no, the person doesn't owe anything or yes they do and here's the amount. It doesn't break it down by whether it's tax or child support or anything along those lines. And then the casino has to take the action before they pay it out, they withhold whatever amount they need to withhold, they send, they withhold any outstanding taxes or child support first, then the taxes, then they pay the rest to the patron. And it's the same process here under 24. But in order for the operators to access that information, they will have to execute an MOU with the Department of Revenue. I will tell you that we met yesterday with our colleagues at the Department of Revenue. There are certain amendments that need to be made to the existing MOUs. Each of the three category one sports wagering operators of course are the casino operators. So they have MOUs and those can just be amended. It appears to incorporate the sports wagering language and they should be clear to move forward. So we do need to make those amendments beforehand but it seems like something that can be done in relatively short order. Because- When you say ahead of, do you mean ahead of Tuesday's launch? Well, yeah, because they need to be able to run these checks if someone wins a bet. Right. So are we all lined up for that? We're doing everything we can to make that happen. And I mean, it will require of course the licensees to look at the proposed amendments and to ultimately sign off and all that. I know that we still have North and it looks like Jack and Gus have signed off. But you've already reached out to them, Todd. They are aware of this issue. It's moving quickly. So I haven't talked to them personally about amending the MOUs and whatnot, but that's the next step, I do believe. And what about on DORs and they're all set? So they are, they're the ones who are actually going through the MOUs and pinpointing the areas that need to be amended. And they're actively doing that and we're certainly hopeful that will be done shortly and that we can kind of get that together. Are they aware of our 10 a.m. launch on Tuesday? This is a good opportunity to thank them for their quick response. I emailed them pretty quickly after I realized this was a statutory requirement and they responded immediately and we scheduled the meeting yesterday and they are well aware of the timeliness issue when it comes to these category one retail operations. So we will certainly move as quickly as... I'm not surprised by their responsiveness. That's excellent. Thank you. I just wondered if I would have, I wouldn't have been surprised if they didn't know about the 10 a.m. launch. I didn't mention the 10 a.m. piece, I will say, but I did, they are fairly certain we mentioned that it was Tuesday. So, I'll circle back with them anyway to see kind of where we are, but I obviously wanted to let you know about that. The other piece of it is... I am, for all of us, I'm very appreciative of the collaborative nature of this effort. I don't mean to interrupt you Todd, go ahead. I'm sorry, please, by all means. We will need to execute the agreements. Historically, the executive director has done that, but I did want to raise that issue with you. We can do it in any number of ways, but that's an issue too. We should probably get copies of whatever is, commissioners, would you like to have that in your box? Sure. Of course, we'll get the documents to you. The question would just be who can execute it, but let's, we can kind of play that by year to some degree. I know you're meeting on Monday. I'm not sure if these will be done by then, but we will certainly make everything to do that. The second issue that's just being looked at is whether the kiosks themselves are configured to detect when that $5,000 300 to one threshold is met so that no payments are made without the tax event being registered and that the intercept review run. So that is something that wasn't done, is my understanding that we do need to do in real time. How does GLI feel about that? I have not personally- I didn't mean to, you anticipated the same. I was literally saying to myself, that was my exact question, is how does Bruce and GLI feel about the ability to get that done? I can let Bruce answer that if he's here, but oh, there he is. Hi, Bruce. I'm here. Yeah, I try our best to get it all done. That's all I can say. I think we can get it all done. Mr. Maynard? I guess, Bruce, what I would ask is to go back to Todd's original point, are they configured to do that or is that something that I'm sure you'll have a conversation? I'm waiting to get an answer right now, GLI, with that. I've asked the question and I'm waiting for them to get back to me. Thank you. Is there, if it could not be, but we want it to be, is there a retroactive? We have, to make a long story short, and we can go into more detail at some point, but when this first was implemented years ago, there was a tech problem with the PPC communication with the DOR database, and we ended up going back to look at which payments were not intercepted, and PPC was able to do that and everyone was made whole after the fact, but that is a very real issue that we need to think about. Hopefully this won't be a problem and we can just get it all together by Tuesday morning. That's what we're aiming for, but you are right. It could be something that would need to be done retroactively. Can I just say one more thing? Cause I do need to jump off in a minute or four. When it comes to category two should be fine because they're similar to the retail situation and so we'd have to negotiate MOUs with the two prospective category two licensees. Category three is a different creature and everyone has started thinking about it, but whether it's at all feasible to do, we're not exactly clear on at this point, technologically speaking, whether it can be integrated into these platforms or not. So we've kind of raised this issue with the Department of Revenue, so they can start thinking about that. We have not communicated yet with the category three perspective or presumptive licensees about this. It's obviously a different creature as I mentioned. Here we're dealing with manual payouts and whatnot, so it's easy for someone to go to the database and run a query. How that would work on the category three side is unclear at this point. So what are the next steps on that? Second, Director Welleson. So it's a matter of reaching out to the licensees also coordinating with GLI. I suspect this is, you know, we're not unique in this circumstance so that if these operators have launched in multiple jurisdictions, there must be assault, but we wanna make sure that all licensees are in compliance with state and federal law so we would ensure that that takes place. So we would communicate with DOR and the licensees and with the assist of GLI to get this rectified. If I may, all I would add to what Karen just said is that it's true that the tax part is not unique to us. It's federal law. The intercept part I believe is unique to us in Massachusetts. I don't know if any other jurisdictions do that, which is why it's unclear whether it's feasible. Spiral is adding currently there's a process to hold off jackpots if they are not able to confirm. So if somebody doesn't have proper ID right now at the licensees, they can hold all pass until they have a proper ID. If they could not come to an agreement on their MOU, they could possibly still issue these tickets but inform all patrons that they can't cash them out until the agreement is finalized. It just possibly an option for everyone. Yeah, I know I think that is, it's an option that's referred to as backup withholding. It happens if someone can't produce their identification or their social and all that. So the law says basically they just withhold, I think it's 24% of the winnings, which is essentially the equivalent of what you'd pay in taxes. So that only gets us part of the way there in that the kiosk needs to be able to identify when you have the taxable event. And if they don't do that, you won't even know which ones to flag. And so with my apologies, I need to jump off now, but if we wanna continue this conversation with me, I think I'll only be like 10 or so minutes, but I do need to run. Thank you. Take time. Thank you. So commissioners, what do you think? I think we can get it up to Monday morning and see if there's anything we need to deal with when we meet, what it knew. Yeah, also I got a message from North that PPC caps are configured to recognize taxable events. He does have to leave, but... Oh, good. Yeah. So that's excellent. I would expect they are, because even their house rules, when they're talking about how long things are lasting, et cetera, there was a reference to those odds in the threshold. So I'm cautiously optimistic. They're all programmed that way already. Bruce, is there any way we can get like real time from Jackie and while we're sort of waiting for Todd, is there any way to reach out and just say, so the taxable events, Caitlin capture on everything that we would need when they say, when North says taxable events, that would be... Have the child support. I'm apologize. I would need to confirm what their definition of taxable events is currently and cross-reference that with the issue here under 23 in. You're thinking alike. Always makes me nervous when I'm got the lawyer brain on, but that's what I was wondering too. It sounds good. And I'm presuming going to speaking about that too. You might be able to help. Who's coming in? Kevin Mowally, I saw it with Sunny on right there. Oh, there he is. Hi, Kevin. How are you? My spotter told me that maybe I should jump on the call. Great. So you know the issue. We're trying to figure out if the chaos are going to be able to deliver the information we need to be able to comply with child support and taxable announcing taxes. So make sure I understand the issue. You have to check against child support and other social programs that are identified in the statute over a certain amount of winnings, correct? And is that aligns with the W2G requirement? Is that what I'm understanding? I don't know if it aligns with the W2G requirement. What the requirement is is if there is a payout of over $5,000 and that it was at least 300 to one odds. So it's those two factors, both have to happen. Then the further steps need to happen in regard to child support. So any amount over 1,200, it should lock up anyway, because you have to W2G reporting just like you do with slot machines. Anything with 5,000 or above, I believe you have to file a SAR. Both of those amounts, they should be checking against the self-exclusion list. And so this is really not a machine issue. It's a manual process. It's one of the pieces of paperwork, essentially, that they need to do in association with that payout. Correct, Bruce? Yeah, that's what I would think. I just didn't know if your machine had some way of doing it. I'd spoken to Gabe earlier, but he had no chance to get back to me, so I was trying to figure out. Now, the machine, it'll be similar to a slot machine. The machine should signify that a attendant is needed and there's tax reporting paperwork that needs to be filled out. They should check against the self-exclusion list. If they're on the self-exclusion list, they should deny them. They should check against the excluded person's list. If they're on that, they should deny them. And then this would be the fourth thing that they have to do. They would check against the database. I don't know if you've had any issues with that on the slot side. I know that over the years, it varies considerably by state, but a lot of times the state system is only updated periodically and somebody could have gone in and made their child support payment the night before and they got paid and they go out and they get the jackpot denied, even though they're current, but the system isn't showing it. But that's another story. I think we have those problems. You are. So we've actually, I think for the last couple of years, collected over $3 million each year. Yeah. Yeah. I'm happy about it. We've done well on that point. I'll turn to Caitlin and then I'd like to turn back to Kevin and just talk about the online operators. Caitlin. I just want, thank you. We can absolutely clarify this offline. I just wanted to clarify you were talking about, Kevin, when you say the kiosk lock up over 1200, is that the payout kiosk, like you have a ticket, you've won, you now want to go cash it out at a kiosk, not at a counter. Will it lock up at the 1200? Yeah. You're trying to do the record. Yeah. Sorry, what? One at a time, please. So first off, Caitlin, do you mean cash out at a kiosk? Because you want to clarify that that's a kiosk? I'm maybe using the wrong words. For the cage. Yeah, that's a cage, right? Yeah. Kevin, if you want to explain how that works. Bruce, I wasn't at the field testing. Did you do some test transactions like this? I know you did the 5,000 and above. Yeah. You'd have to do paperwork for the IRS to fill out any taxable stuff at the kiosk that was at 12 over 1200. So the kiosk does it for you or you go to your extension of the cage? Yeah, you would probably have to do it at the cage for March.  It'll say you need to go to see an attendance. Yeah. Correct. OK. Looks like Sterl is saying maybe not. The kiosks are set to not issue any winning ticket, and it will say to go to the sportsway during cage on any amount over $3,000. What about the $1,200 mark? As long as it was a taxable event, we were told that it would force them to go to the cage. So if they are winning anything 300 to 1, they are immediately directed to the cage. That makes sense to me. But we need to get GLI clearance on that, Bruce, right? To make sure we've got commissioners visiting on Monday, right? Mr. Hill, I know you're visiting. You're doing your piece after the meeting, though, right? Are you going to try to do it before the meeting? No, after the meeting. OK. I see Joe is on. I don't know if Joe Boggeth has a comment. Yeah. So I have reached out to engineering to get absolute clarity. And hopefully within minutes, I hopefully within the next 20 minutes, I should have an answer. So Joe, I think I think we've got to clarify Joe. OK. To further clarify, to further complicate things, I think it sounds that we've got it clarified. And it sounds like we don't have a tech problem for retail, Karen. That's what I'm hearing. That's what we understand, yes. And so now we need to have the MOUs updated from DOR and then with the each facility. And it sounds like we it's a three-way MOU. So we sign off. And it may be that we have Karen execute it or the commissioners execute it. That's up for grabs. We're going to take a look at the MOU. But there was also a question about how does how does states, and Karen said, we are not the first jurisdiction to do this, how does it work with the online operators for tax and child support collections? I don't know, Kevin, if you know that at this point or we just need to insert. Well, my understanding is that some of the online app operators have this functionality because it's a requirement in a few of the other states. And some that may not operate in one of those states may need to develop it. We just kind of heard about the issue for the online yesterday. So we'll be asking the submitters if they have this and if they don't, how long it's going to take to develop it. Thanks. Okay, Karen. Yep. You want to update Todd? He's back. We're good. I think we're all set on retail. I think we just have to make some inquiries regarding cap freeze. Right, it makes sense. Yeah, and it, I mean, for the online operators, it should because this aligns with self-exclusion and tax reporting, the basic functionality should be there. So I'm not foreseeing a problem, but I haven't confirmed it, so I'm not going to confirm it with you. But I would be surprised if this is an issue. Okay. So it looks like really the work that's outstanding is to get the MLUs updated and the process for addressing it at the retail level. This really looks very much like what happens with respect to our regular slot machines. Yep, Kaylin, is that fair? Cause you're updating Todd now. Yeah, I think it sounds right. I'm just going to confirm offline. I'm sure it's true, but I'll just confirm that the machines are going to lock up within the right amount and make someone go to a cage and then the person at the cage would run the appropriate checks and then the MLUs would need to be updated. So those are the two steps for the cat ones. And then for the cat threes, it sounds like Kevin will check on functionality with the potential licensees. And then of course, MLUs will have to be drafted for them as well, entered into. Yeah. Okay. Are we good? Commissioners? Any questions? Mr. Hill? No questions and we're good. Mr. Maynard, any question? No. Excellent. Brian, how are you feeling? Okay. All right. So we'll get updates on Monday. At Monday's noon meeting. Okay. Okay. Thank you. I have just a quick note that just came across my wire. Is that it is in Louisiana. They require both retail and mobile for a very similar situation. Yep. And it is on in Indiana and retail only. So. And we believe it might be in Colorado as well. It's coming in. Oh, that's really helpful. Right? Yeah. And I would be surprised if it's not in Pennsylvania, Joe. I guess. We'll dig and we'll come back with a definitive. With all those states, it sounds like most of our licensees, temporary licensees would be covered there. Okay. Excellent. Good news, Joe. Thank you. Everyone have a nice weekend. I wanna let folks go. They're all set. I need a motion to adjourn. Move to adjourn. Second. Michelle Bryan. Aye. Michelle Hill. Aye. Michelle Maynard. Aye. I vote yes. Laura Zierle. Thanks everybody. Have an excellent weekend. Great work. Go Chiefs. Yeah. Thank you.


e chat box it's also in the interim report and finally to echo the message from my minister we very much hope that today has provided a platform for the UK's continued engagement and collaboration with countries in the region to continue to work together and address the issues raised by the review. Let me then hand over back to Peter to close today's event thanks Peter. Thank you thank you very much I hope I can be heard. Yes thank you very much for this rich interaction which we have been having over the last 100 hours but before I say a few words I would like to recognize the presence of Professor Ntibah who is our PS responsible for fisheries and blue economy. This indeed shows the Kenyan commitment at the highest level possible that transiting from the conventional way of doing things or handling our economy is at the center of the government at the policy level. There are also a number of colleagues from the UN bodies and also Africa commission that are just joining us and that shows that surely the economics of biodiversity and at this time when we are having a challenge of the new disease in the home and in the continent and in the world is really important. Each discussion from the technical people honorable ministers who are the policy directs gives a clear indication that the African continent is awake is ready and gearing to go and what came out from the professor's presentation which has dig deeper into the key elements of the economics of biodiversity which needs us to move is simply that the local community becomes the centrality of how biodiversity conservation should be undertaken to the next level. Paradigm safety, all the economic models, policies that are destroyed and the people are ready to move toward their goal as we are closing today we only need to remember what professor said the biosphere is crying no life no economy no future and if it is at this time that we need the completion of this report today not tomorrow so that we in Africa we can start the the work. Kenya is ahead, Kenya is putting its own money but we need support. Ladies and gentlemen I thank you all the work is just started for the technical people civil society organizations have spoken the private sector have spoken the science have spoken it is now a responsibility of the treasuries finance to make this change that we desire now and not tomorrow thank you very much in view of this I would therefore like to call upon Dr. Philip Pozano so that if he has got some announcements to make thank you very much thank you thank you Peter thank you every colleagues I don't have anything else to add except to thank all of you for participating and to let you know that we will get back to you with a report and proceedings of this event and also in terms of when the final report comes out as to how to follow through with that and also to recognize and thank and appreciate the African Development Bank particularly Dr. Kosmos or Ching who is the head of the Natural Resources Center for facilitating this process thank you so much and I therefore declare this event completed


Hey, today is a quick tip on how to check your painting values with a single keyboard shortcut using Krita. So let's get started. So we will use the soft proofing shortcut. It's a shortcut by default assigned to the key Ctrl Y. And when you press it, you will see your color getting altered. And by default is with a CMYK profile. So I will press again Ctrl Y to get back to normal and not soft proofing mode. There is a little notification in the corner. And I will go to Image, Property, Soft proofing. And instead of the default CMYK profile here, I will set up it to Grease scale. And in the rendering intent, instead of absolute, I will switch to Perceptual. When you get this setup, you press OK. And now when you use your Ctrl Y, you will see your artwork being in Grease scale. So it's not a conversion. It's only the viewing that is altered and you can still pick color. For example, the red of the jacket here and paint it. If you press Ctrl Y again, it will be red as expected. So it's a very useful feature for checking your painting values. And if you want to make this setting permanently, you can go to Setting, Configure Krita. And in Color Management here, Soft proofing, you can replicate exactly the same for every new document created. So model, Grease scale and proofing rendering Perceptual. And press OK. So that's all for today. I hope you like this little quick tip. Bye bye!