The following is a presentation of TFNN the morning market kickoff With your host Tommy O'Brien Good Wednesday morning everybody. I'm Tommy O'Brien coming alive from TFNN Thanks so much for kicking your trading day off right here with me 906 a.m. We got about 24 minutes to go until the opening bell And we got some action across the board right now a lot of stories to jump into we pick things up with markets in negative Territory S&P's negative by about eight points this morning trading at 52 52 as we speak That's a decline of almost two tenths percent NASDAQ 100 you're off by about 50 points about a quarter percent in the red 18,281 the Dow off, but just barely 18 points not even one tenth percent in the red 39,489 on the futures you're talking about a slide of almost a thousand points though from where you were when we Opened just Sunday night and the Russell off by about five 2077 approaching the lows that we had yesterday intraday at 2072 the trends are continuing across the board right now crude We're seeing higher prices higher highs higher lows We just got an eighty six dollar print in the price of light sweet crude eighty six ten was the high there We're training at eighty five seventy eight right now If you haven't filled up your gas tank folks go fill it up because the prices are going up at the pump Speaking of how about the goal contract man last night? 2308 on the futures now we've seen this happen a couple times right you're talking about extreme volatility in the goal contract But a series of higher highs higher lows almost coordinating with what's happening that crude market and look at the run We've had since 830 now. We have ADP private payrolls. We'll jump into that in a moment Nonetheless, we got some Fed speak out there as well Rafael Bostic Atlanta Fed One cut we'll jump into that one cut maybe this year in the last part of the year Boy, that's a shift in terms of where the market is looking nonetheless. We got gold up another 16 dollars on the session 2298 don't forget about that gold report special folks You can save 35% off the monthly price you lock it in forever That sale only running through this week on the front page of TFN and calm we jump over the notes and bonds What do we got lower price higher yield not surprising boy? We're gonna get into the wage data in a moment That's gonna be the story that kicks things off 10 year yield sitting at about 4.4 percent Now that's right where we were on the program yesterday right zooming in on the action We got a little bit of a reprieve as you got higher price lower yield after I got off the program But look where we're yesterday the whole nine o'clock hour. We were right where we were right now We got the tenure above 4.4 percent today And I don't think you're gonna get a reprieve today with the news that we got coming out Especially with a little bit of Fed speak and we hear from the chairman himself today as well So keep your ears tuned for that the 30 year similar action 1706 right now you negative by 17 6 we got the 30 year Approaching the lows of price that we saw yesterday just one tick away from that price level you jump over to the volatility index We got a 1543 spike as of yesterday was still sitting above 15 with the volatility index sitting at 1506 right now. We jump over the dollar And yeah, the dollar just right where we were yesterday makes sense considering the move right dollar Right where were you where you were at about 10 a.m. Yesterday the dollar at 104 71 We had quite an acceleration on Monday to above 105 But you put the dollar on a daily and we're approaching a critical level man You're bumping up against where we were February 14th You hit that price point as I mentioned on Monday you back off a bit yesterday That's a series of higher highs and higher lows folks We'll see where we come into the action on the dollar index. All right Let's kick it off with some jobs data US companies added 184,000 jobs in March that is the ADP private payrolls data out at 830 this morning gain in private payrolls Broad by industry and company side so across the board right and wages. That's where we're gonna kick it off How about wages rising the most since July for people who change jobs? We're just gonna slide right down to the number. How about a nice easy 10%? Inflation is not going away folks if people who are changing jobs are getting a pay raise of 10% and people who are staying in their jobs Are getting a pay raise of a median not the average the median pay raise 5.1% I'm gonna blow up this chart real quickly take a look now the bars on this chart Have to do with changes in wages for job changers. Okay, the black line on this chart has to do with people Changing wages if you're staying in the same job not surprising if you're staying in the same job You're not getting rewarded to the same degree if you are changing jobs But what is so interesting here? Okay is you back it up to last March? Okay?  I'm ballparking here somewhere between five and ten a little bit under the halfway point there. We'll call it seven percent You add seven to the five you have now, and I'm not even compounding the five on top of the seven I'm just adding the two if you stayed in your job for just the last two years You have a 12% pay raise folks. Okay, if you're making a hundred grand you're making a hundred and twelve grand Okay, if you're making fifty grand you're making what fifty six thousand dollars. Okay? Substantial pay increases just for the last two years. That's going back to March of 2022 I Have to check myself. No, that's two years ago. My goodness. Look at this. I went two years. This is remarkable, man So yeah, that's two years even a year ago. I was going back two years That would be a three-year number man. So two years ago was at about seven percent as well three years ago Yeah, so a year ago. Excuse me. I'll rephrase a year ago It was at about seven percent two years ago It was at what seven or eight percent you have to add them all up So even if you stay in the same job folks and you go back, you know, what would be two to three years You're talking about seven plus seven plus five You're talking about a 17 pay increase for people staying in the same job And i'm not even going to do the numbers if you're changing jobs because that one's not as fair Because you're not changing now of jobs every single year, but guess what those changes in wages for job stairs Add them up five plus seven plus eight maybe Yeah, you're talking about what almost a 20 percent pay increase Just over the last two or three years when people are just staying in the same jobs Now what is so remarkable about that is this five percent pay increase Is on top of the eight and the seven that they got in the last two years pay attention to these numbers, man And look at the rise. That's not supposed to be what's happening, man 10 percent if you're changing jobs, we have an uptick going on right now Try and make the case for cutting rates when you're talking about Wages still accelerating yet again. That's not what the fed wants to see man Not what they want to see at all And that's a nice segue to a little bit of fed speak at land to fed president postix He's only one fit one rate cut this year occurring in the fourth quarter. Yeah, that was just hitting the tape when I came on There it is as it expands. He was on cmbc Uh, the central bank official said strong productivity a rebound in the supply chain and a resilient labor market are indicating that inflation is going to decline Much slower than what many have expected the quote there if the economy evolves as I expect and that's going to be seeing continued robustness in gdp unemployment and a slow decline of inflation through the course of the year I think it would be appropriate for us To do start moving down at the end of this year the fourth quarter We'll just have to see whether the data comes in so as I said, we hear from the fed president Chairman I should say paul today. We'll see if he reiterates some of those comments But on the heels of that on the heels of some hot wage data on the heels of some pretty strong economic data as well Yeah, we got yields now at rising yields In a market where rate cuts keep getting pushed back and I think it's a legitimate case How do you make the case that we have to cut multiple times we've got wage going up 10 and 5 percent Stay tuned folks. We're coming back with our man kevin x from schlopp network fast market. Be right back If you're looking for potential trading setups in the stock market then rocket equities and options report is a newsletter You should try tom. 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Just visit the front page of tfnn.com Steve Rhodes started his trading career as a student almost 20 years ago and the student has now become the master Steve won the prestigious timer of the year award in 2018 and barely missed that mark again in 2019 Finishing at number two for the year an amazing accomplishment Steve Rhodes is committed to sharing his techniques and knowledge with anyone who wants to learn And he shares his vast amount of trading knowledge every day in his mastering probability newsletter Steve's award-winning newsletter mastering probability is delivered every trading day with updates throughout the afternoon Sign up for steve's market newsletter Mastering probability and you'll receive access to seven of steve's educational webinars Absolutely free at tfnn all our newsletters come with a 30 day money back guarantee So you have absolutely nothing to worry about visit tfnn.com and try mastering probability 30 days risk free today tfnn educating investors This portion of the morning market kickoff is brought to you by directions daily leveraged and inverse ETFs Whether you're a bull or a bear you choose the direction visit direction.com Investing in the funds involves significant risk and should only be utilized by investors who understand the impact of leverage And actively monitor their portfolio They are not designed to track the underlying index or security for more than a day Before investing carefully consider funds investment objective risk charges and expenses contained in the prospectus available at direction.com Read carefully distributor four side fund services llc Welcome back folks. We get the s&p futures negative by about 13 points right now trading at 52 47 We get the 10 year down about 10 ticks at 109 13 on the thinkorswim platform That's got about a yield right now about 4.41 percent to talk about some of the jobs data this morning the market action Let's jump over to our man, kevin hanks every trading day folks 12 noon eastern time from the Schwab network right here on tiger tv fast market with your host kevin hanks and tom white And we got another fast market this morning and we got wages kevin in those numbers of adp. They are rising man. Good morning Good morning. Tommy. Yeah, if you look at What we looked out from the adp report was more leisure and hospitality jobs 63 thousand and The median annual pay level of job On job changers now job stayers median annual pay level 59 thousand dollars and up 5.1 percent, but job changers up 10 percent That combined with some comments out of rafio box so far this morning Have yield higher have the dollar pretty much unchanged I said the dollar was a different story right now because of Very loud comments by the bank of japan saying they'll support their currency, but Looking at the overall rock rafio boss making comments that sees one Rate cut this year and it's fourth quarter. He doesn't see The mark of hitting two percent target till 20 20 Taby so some interesting comment out of rafio boss who's frankly becoming a very high profile member of people Please stop coming out of the atlanta fed this morning I I appreciate your take on those two stories. Those are the ones that probably hit me hardest this morning as well In terms of the impact those wages I had it up on a chart as you were talking there and boy talk about an uptick on those wages now You know you back things up into the middle of 2022 and you had job changers at 15 percent You back it up to basically a year ago. You were just under 15 percent But we just had numbers that were far below 10 percent So you're talking about an uptick on job changers and boy if we get an acceleration and wages Very difficult in my opinion to maybe make the case that we need those rate cuts It seems like it's been a constant battle man. We've talked for so long the market gets ahead of itself Things get reprised things change over a period of two to three weeks And now we're seeing that conversation shift yet again and we go forward from there. We'll see where we go Uh We got some different equities with movement this morning. I know we're kind of in a little bit of a lull, of course We just kicked off the second quarter. We're april 3rd coming in But do you guys have any individual equities kevin that you're talking about coming up on fast market at 12 today? Oh, did I lose him? Where are you? There he is I got you kevin go for it We got a tough connection. I think this morning We're fighting we're fighting maybe All right, we'll see if we can get him back All right, I think we lost him folks. Check it out. They're gonna be talking equity as you know, they are We got some equities moving today. We'll see if we get it back here But yeah, check out that chart like kevin was talking about man How about that number 10 for changing wages for job changes and as I talked about in the beginning of the program Pretty remarkable when you start compounding the number over a two and three year basis Listen, it's the same deal we're dealing with with inflation, right? People tell you the grocery bills You know, they feel like they're 30 35 percent above where we're at Well, they are because you're pricing it versus what three or four years ago Okay, we were having a conversation in the den a few months back and I remember my dad was doing his program So how long was kovat? It was three years ago. No, it was four years ago four years ago kovat hit man Four years ago and change now, which is just remarkable Maybe you had one year where the inflation wasn't going up but a year into it man You know, you back it up. Look at these numbers, right? Basically, we've been dealing with three years of rapid inflation those numbers have come down You can probably make a legitimate case then inflation might be in the three percent range right now That's going to vary depending on who you ask Uh, but that number in terms of rising you're talking about a 10 percent number right now And boy, you add the 10 percent for job changes and just even staying with job stairs, right job stairs So there's remarkable when you add the five percent we're at this march You add the seven percent where we were at last march in 2023 and you add what an eight percent number You were at the march before that eight plus seven plus five is 20 percent wage rises just for people In the last three years Staying in their jobs and you could probably make the case that hasn't even kept up with inflation Which is the most remarkable point of it all All right, we got a caller. We got our man. We love to hear from him in the mornings. Mike from Somerville. Mike. Good morning. What's happening, brother? Tommy Tommy Tommy I love that voice. What's happening That your buddy's losing his voice. I know I know it's still I love it. I love it. I'm always it's it's you got a great you got a great accent great voice great energy, man Uh, I can hardly tell I can hear it a little. Hopefully you're doing well. What's going on this morning, Mike Well, Tommy we got Eric out there listening again as always and he had a nice little streak there Yeah He had a nice streak, but uh, we're calling to ask about what your feelings are on nvidia Well, that's an easy question only only everybody in the whole world wants to know what navidia is going to do Uh, boy, you talk right you talk about a stratospheric run, man holding up really well at 900 bucks I mean, how do you make the case? To to go against navidia, you know, that's the tough deal, man. I saw it pop up here for my producer sending it over Um, what's what's your man? Eric looking to do? Is this a short term trade? Do you know are you looking longer term? Is this something that you're looking to move out?  Okay in his 401k, but any time you always yes. There's definitely a short term trade Well, let's you know this the small caps on the 401k I'd be a little bit careful of that one, man You know, I understand the the theory in terms of you know, you're underperforming there Maybe you get a little bit of rebalancing and the The small caps. I'm just jumping over before you do it. You know, we're well off the highs I love it. I love it to me two for one there. I love it two for one You know, I've heard my dad talk about it before and it's a great point You know, it's like how do you get away from the companies that are crushing the world right now? You know And that's what you kind of do if you go into the small caps So keep that in mind and they've had a heck of a run from 1638 to above 2100 But the the future is seems to be these bigger companies, man And there's no bigger company run the show right now than the video And I think we're at the forefront of everything now with that said, okay What is remarkable here is that I've had this on my chart for a while You started a to b c to d basically at the end of 2022 on the video you're at about 108 You come up to the b-point in august of 2023 about a nice round number of 500 So you got a 400 all around from 100 to 500 You don't even do a 3a2.  Can you hang with us? Okay, we'll finish up the conversation on the video folks. Stay tuned. We'll be right back with our man Mike from Somerville. We'll be right back from the opening bell. Stay tuned Are you ready to take charge of your financial future TFNN is your gateway to the world of trading and investing Whether you're starting out or scaling up TFNN empowers traders and investors of all skill levels with top-notch investing systems strategies and techniques It's time to protect and grow your money with insight you can trust Join us live Monday through Friday during market hours for exclusive content that moves with the markets at TFNN We bring the trading floor to you our season hosts are here to answer your calls and questions live on the air Check out the tiger's den for just one dollar and follow us on youtube and become part of our vibrant community And remember at TFNN We're so confident in the value we provide that we are for a 30 day money back guarantee on all new premium newsletter subscriptions and services you have absolutely nothing to risk So why wait tune in live to tiger tv and transform your trading journey because when you know better you invest better Join us and experience the difference today TFNN educating investors If you spend any time online researching trading techniques on how to begin your trading journey You've no doubt come across many folks who push forex trading as a way to make big money quickly Unfortunately, there are equally as many stories of these so-called forex professionals Just looking to make a quick buck off aspiring traders without actually teaching the ins and outs of the forex market This is what sets teddy kek stacks the tiger forex report off the riffraff Every monday former chicago mercantile exchange member and author teddy kek stat releases his tiger forex report newsletter Where he dives into the complex world of forex and takes time to actually teach you his methods that have made him so successful In the fast-paced and rewarding world of forex trading Furthermore, all subscribers receive access to archived live streams of teddies where he provides university level education to help you in forex trading All first time subscribers receive a 30 day money back guarantee. 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We kick off the trading session We're talking with our man mike from summerville and we're talking the hottest stock in the world man navidia So mike jumping into this man So, you know the point of that a to b c to d is boy You have quite an extension pretty remarkable that you've actually accelerated above that a to b c to d point Which would have put yet almost uh 800 no that brings you up to 974 now on a weekly basis, okay The week of march 4th. We did about 346 million shares. That was the spike high of 974 Following week march 11th. We do 322. So you kick it off the spike highs 346 million next week 322 Next week after that is 288 the next week after that is 208, which was last week That was a shortened week, but even if you take the average of the days and multiply it by five You're still doing 260 million. So again, you go what 346 million shares 322 288 260 declining volume numbers as you're kind of teetering up here And what do we have happening? We got yields man and yields seem like they are going to be staying high for some time And that's going to be um Headwind against some of these growth equities. So I like it man. I like it on a short term basis You know, it's a it's a it's a high risk trade. Of course shorting a stock like navidia. Hopefully eric knows that I bet he does Um, and yeah, but I like it, you know, it's because you look at those volume numbers You factor in the yield numbers right now And yeah, we got a little bit of market weakness right now We got a little bit of a rollover going on right now in this market And you know on a longer term basis. That's why I asked I can't imagine betting against navidia Because it seems like we are at the forefront of some pretty remarkable accelerations in ai But on a short term basis and with what's happening with yields Yeah, I can see the the basis and when you add the volume numbers in there I mean, I just got it up on a thinkorswim platform and it's pretty obvious You got declining volume right from the spike of 974 and so we'll see where it goes But you know, I would I would make sure you got to stop in there Because boy, these things are just through the roof and you never know when the next run is going to be on a stock like navidia Man, you could be at a thousand in a heartbeat. Yeah Tom, what do you think about the semis in general?  I think We we are and that's on a short term basis. I completely agree with you But the exponential growth right now that is going on when it comes to chips and the the demand for chips across the board it's it's Very difficult and this is myself not everybody else not you it is very difficult for humans in general To understand grasp and comprehend exponential growth. It just is such a phenomenon when you're doing it That's I I I feel like on a on a medium to longer term basis, man There the things are going higher now Taiwan semi, you know, they're dealing with the earthquake going on today And it's pretty remarkable even with the earthquake going on over there Taiwan semiconductor is not even negative this morning, Mike, which I think speaks volumes You catch a bid you were down to 138 on the open from about 140 and just like that You actually have Taiwan semiconductor flat on the session. They're down by 10 pennies And that's what the s&p's off by nine and the naztac 100 off by 70 So, um, yeah, I'd be careful shorten. I mean every story. I'm reading man, right? It's like AI and folks get your head into AI because it is going to change the world And it's remarkable when you think about I mean Mike think about where we've gone in the last like 25 years or so from 1999 where the internet kind of starts to take over right Everything I'm reading from from from the smartest people out there are saying the next 20 years are going to put the last 25 years to shame in terms of the changes that are going to occur Because yes, the internet changed our lives But AI is going to change it in ways that we haven't even comprehended in terms of what is capable And so when I do that when I look at You know, I was reading an article about Taiwan semiconductor on my program on monday talking about the gentleman that founded that company He started it at the age of 55 and just talking about where they started Transistors and where they are now. I think intel the first one had like 2000 transistors And now the most recent nvidia chip has 200 billion Transistors, um, how would how would the human mind can't comprehend? That number, you know, we can't comprehend 200 billion then the mind can't comprehend it, man It's just too big of a number and then that's per a chip that's per a chip and imagine the production that is going on When you got 200 billion transistors per a chip So, you know longer term basis, man, and there is going to be extreme volatility So, you know kudos to eric. I'm sure he's looking for some volatility, man. You're gonna get it That's for sure on a short term basis. Yeah, you're gonna have some wild swings, man And we've seen it already happened. You know, you saw what nvidia did Um, that was one of the greatest short opportunities when we came into the highs of 2021 This thing was trading at 346 and came all the way back to 108, right? So don't get caught up in that thing But when you look out years Yeah, I think it's going to be a change that we uh struggle to comprehend right now And I think the semis man on a longer term basis. Yeah My famous my famous nvidia trade was broke for three months ago when I sold it at 510 And I made a lousy probably $10 on it Yep Hey Nobody could listen and that was probably like bumping up against the highs of 2023 when the stock went from 100 To yeah, right about 500 and the most remarkable thing about this mic too You make a great point from the market lows of 2022 in nvidia, right? That was october of 2022 at 108 You catapulted to about 500 in august of 2023 So that was about a 10 month run that this thing went from about 100 to 500, right? And you can make the case that that was like a run that was stratospheric, right? Well, what did it just do? It only went from october Of 400 it only took till the beginning of march to get to a thousand So somehow it dwarfs the run that it had from october to august which was its own stratospheric run So on a short term basis.  You know what I mean? Four days I think you I think you made an okay call there man, you know I mean, that's where you're never smarter than the market and that's why on a shorter term basis Yeah, I can see maybe a little bit of volatility here To the downside because boy this run We're in a little bit of euphoria right now on the ai run for sure It's going to take a little bit of time the world is pricing in some dramatic runs But on a longer term basis. I think that it's very difficult and I always try and keep this in mind Because it's a great point folks overall in mind the human mind struggles to comprehend exponential growth So keep that in mind when you think on a longer term basis that you can grasp where we're going Over could you imagine telling somebody mike like even, you know 10 20 years ago that Companies are going to be producing chips that have 200 billion Transistors within a single chip. I don't think that that's something that you'd be able to comprehend So imagine where we'll be All the time about all aspects of life like you just said it's a good thing to keep in mind Not just about it. It's it's about everything like we said it is you can get into where we were 20 years ago I mean, I try and imagine mike where life is going to be like when my son is my age That's 40 years. Whoo, baby That's exactly Totally You gotta buy a stock and hold it for those 40 years, right, buddy? That's what you gotta do Compounding man. That's that's that's that's how exponential growth occurs. You compound it and um, we all see the benefits of it So you're on the right path, man Send Eric our best real quick thing. I'll let you go. We have got a fidelity account She's got one cheer one cheer one cheer one cheer, right? And that's that's it. You know, I mean at least you That's it. You know what I mean? Get it done. Don't touch it, right? Make sure you're in there and let it run, baby Mike have a great one, man. Great to hear from you Stay tuned folks. We're coming back with our man. Teddy keg stat for a good conversation. We'll be right back Are you ready to take charge of your financial future? TFNN is your gateway to the world of trading and investing Whether you're starting out or scaling up TFNN empowers traders and investors of all skill levels with top-notch investing systems Strategies and techniques. It's time to protect and grow your money with insight You can trust join us live Monday through Friday during market hours for exclusive content that moves with the markets At TFNN, we bring the trading floor to you our season hosts are here to answer your calls and questions live on the air Check out the tiger's den for just one dollar and follow us on youtube and become part of our vibrant community And remember at TFNN, we're so confident in the value We provide that we are for a 30-day money back guarantee on all new premium newsletter subscriptions and services You have absolutely nothing to risk. So why wait? tune in live to tiger tv and transform your trading journey because when you know better you invest better Join us and experience the difference today TFNN educating investors Many trading newsletters attempt to focus on a narrow set of equities or commodities While this works for some it oftentimes misses many opportunities that possess huge gain potential But how is an independent trader supposed to scan the entire market looking for these hidden opportunities? One simple answer the opening call newsletter Basil Chapman developer of the Chapman wave trading methodology has been trading the markets for longer than most trading influencers have been alive And over that time he has honed his methodology in order to accurately call movements in a wide range of equities From semiconductors to uranium to key indices and so much more Basil is old school taking the time to educate the trader while also giving his insights into key indices Selective stocks and more opening call subscribers also receive access to dozens of educational live streams That can be accessed at any time for your edification All first time subscribers receive a 30-day money back guarantee So ignore the pop trading influencers and start learning time-tested technical analysis For traders who crave risk directions daily leveraged and inverse ETFs provide opportunities to magnify Short-term perspectives with up to three times a daily leverage utilize bull and bear funds from both sides of the trade And trade through rapidly changing markets These are highly leveraged ETFs with daily resetting designed for short-term trading not long-term investing Whether you're a bull or a bear You choose the direction for up-to-date pricing and performance go to direction dot com Investing in the funds involves significant risk and should only be utilized by investors who understand the impact of leverage and actively monitor their portfolio They are not designed to track the underlying index or security for more than a day Before investing carefully consider a funds investment objective risk charges and expenses contained in the prospectus available at direction.com Read carefully distributor four side fund services llc This program is brought to you by vista gold traded on the nyse american and tsx under the symbol vgz Folks we got s and p's negative by just seven points right now trading at 52 53 We jump over to the dollar index we get the dollar right now trading at 104 65 And now we get to talk to our man teddy kegstad as we do each and every wednesday at 40 past the hour Folks head on over to the front page of tfnn under the newsletter tab You'll see the tiger forex report by our man teddy. You can check that out for only 97 dollars a month You got issues each week on monday morning updates throughout the week when warranted as each newsletter We have folks 30 day money back guarantee you got nothing to risk and it is a great time Man as we've got things rocking yet again as we talk to our man teddy teddy kegs yet teddy kegstad. Good morning Good morning. Lots of good moves and a little bit of divergence coming up today What do you want to talk about first? I want to talk about it all man. Where do we kick things off? So maybe maybe on the yield conversation. We got some private payrolls, of course this morning yields You've you've taught us so well You know such an important component, of course with where currency drive seems like at least In the u.s. That the trend is we got some higher yields, man We got wage data that is accelerating. We have you know some fed speak out there today The conversation seems to be shifting yet again with maybe less cuts than the market's looking for and we got the 10 year now Above 4.4 percent. Maybe we kick it off there Well, I have to say I guess I got it right, huh? For months I've been going against the news and the media and everybody calling for you know Multiple rate hikes at one point they were looking for seven cuts rather You know and then it got dropped down to finally three which then got pushed out to the summer And now we're going towards and I've been saying I'm like, you know Before you get to gung ho on all these rate cuts, you know, you got to follow the economic numbers and the reality is Inflation never left and it's kicking its heels up in a big way And I think it's going to really come roaring back over the course of the next like six months for sure And if that's the case, you know a quarter point, let's say that they even do two cuts We've had this conversation a point a cut one already a quarter point for sure is factored in the market already but almost two Quarter points, which means almost a half a point if that's the case We only really have we've already set the ceiling which means that you if you wanted to refinance You got your shot already.  That's without the fed doing anything, you know And the fact that they're becoming less likely to cut as much as was originally expected by the consensus That means globally that the central banks are all going to be looking at that It's going to have an impact on a lot of currencies. It means now like For instance the u.s. Dollar Japanese yen, you know oil is making making new highs yields are now Going higher once again. Oh, it's the boj going to do even if they intervene How much of an impact is it going to have on the end not much Not unless they go on a really aggressive tear with raising Rates and I If that happens the empire is definitely crumbling, you know over there So and I don't think that's going to be a a topic of our conversation in the future You know, I chuckle a little bit, man But you've had some great calls outstanding kudos man because this market as it plays out It is pretty remarkable how The market has gotten so far ahead of where it deserved to be and hide side, of course is 2020 But it is pretty remarkable that as we continually shift forward three and six months The conversation just keeps changing and those cuts keep getting pushed back You had rafael bostic saying one cut at the end of the year right now And like you said, I mean, where do we go from there, man? And that waged out of this morning 10 percent for job changers We're still above 5 percent for people staying in the same job And that's off of numbers over the last couple years, you know, you're doing 7 percent You're doing 8 and now you're still doing 5 and those 5 percent numbers are based off of the numbers of last year Which are up 12 or 13 percent over the prior two years from that and so it's it's pretty remarkable We got some hot job jobs to add a little bit today and we get that big number on friday But yeah, and uh, I appreciate you jumping to the yen. That was going to be the next one We are now above I got it up right now in the thinker stone platform as i'm talking to you We're almost pushing highs that we saw a week ago when I was talking to you And you had the drop off from that high of 151 97 about we dropped all the way to 150 102 on my chart And we are right now back at 150 192 that entire drop off gets wiped out for people looking to the yen I know you've given us some of your analysis. You always do a great job in the tiger 4x report, man I always make sure I check that out on monday mornings for people watching the yen I know it's an important component pretty remarkable what gold has been doing even with the yen where it is But obviously more components in gold than just the yen But what are your feelings kind of risk reward right now as we're approaching some of the weakest levels We've seen and you laid out the case but any price levels for those traders out there looking at the yen Yeah, I can see a spiking around the 153 half area Right now today. We're making new highs now. There is a little bit of divergence going on today You know, um, you got to realize that yields are rising oils rising, but the dollar index is pulling back today You know the euro is up, you know, so I mean and this is off of the you know, it's I look at it as a profit-taking move, you know The trend no matter what you you're coming off of new highs in the dollar index meaning new lows in the euro You as dollar off of yesterday, you know, so I think you're seeing as a profit-taking move So I'd be careful. You know, I said this before like Um, I I'm bullish the US dollar yen. I'm looking to buy breaks on it I'd be very careful selling above this area, you know I'd be a happier seller at 153 half and I would be at right now at 150, you know, 193 152 You know, I think you can get squeezed that way, you know, if you're going to try and fade that market I would be very cautious with that if you're going to do that try and high ball it more than low ball it you know, um, and as far as you know Being a bull, I'd look to buy breaks and be careful buying the area where you're at because you're in the chop zone So you're you're you're it's all about your time value of money there where you can be up a little down a little You're going nowhere with that position, you know what I mean? So, uh, if we get back down towards the 150 area and especially if yields are still strong and oil's high It's a great buy, you know, that's where you want to look at it Then you can look at it as a profit-taking correction and look to buy, you know For some solid support there and then maybe trade in the range I think we're going to be probably trading in a range with the yen between 148 and 153 over the next few months Unless we have a major move in interest rates or oil So if we see oil above 100, you know getting to 110 and if you see yields really pushing, you know higher levels Well, then you can see the yen up at 155 156 or even 158 and over the next few months Then you're going to probably have boj intervention, but once again, what is kind of impact is that really going to have? Yeah, it won't have any especially with i'm sorry with ours, you know being pushed out with our fed No, I was just going to say you can't be bigger than the market sometimes like you say man No matter what they do if the forces are behind it Uh, I love the way that you give us those exact clear levels for um, teddy. It's great, man And you jump to crude. I just want to get a little take man crude talk about higher prices, man We've been talking about a bit 85 77 You gave some of those numbers right there in in the yen and I know you even last week You walked us through so well the fundamentals of that crude market You referenced it right now talking about the yen the dollar etc But any price levels for the crude traders out there as we're looking at a higher highs and higher lows Basically since the end of last year right now Well today we hit our upside target number one We had the critical resistance zone that I had in the forex report that we were bobbling in the last week And a half over the past few sessions We've gone from the bottom of that band all the way up to the top part and breached it yesterday with the clothes above it And now we hit this target. It's a strong area if we get above one basically 86 bucks. We're going up to 91, baby I love it folks. Check out the tiger forex report. You heard the clarity that teddy delivers, man Teddy, thank you so much for the nine minutes, man. I look forward to talking next week, brother Take care, Tommy. See you next week. Have a great one folks. We'll be right back. Stay tuned Hi folks, this is Tom O'Brien. It's the 22nd anniversary of the gold report. Can you believe it? We've taken 22 trips around the sun together and we have many more to come This year alone the gold report has returned over 50 and I want you to come along for the ride I provide in-depth analysis of the gold market as a whole in addition to providing outlooks on individual mining equities For a limited time, you can save 35 off the monthly price for as long as you subscribe 35 savings will be applied to the current monthly price and it will stay with your subscription forever With gold pushing all-time high as gold equities trading higher and inflation still raging This is a great time to try my newsletter the gold report First time subscribers get a 30 day money back guarantee. So you have nothing to risk Just enter promo code 22 years at checkout and you'll see the 35 savings applied to your subscription price And this deal will stay with your subscription for as long as you subscribe Don't forget just enter promo code 22 years at checkout Steve Rhodes started his trading career as a student almost 20 years ago And the student has now become the master Steve won the prestigious timer of the year award in 2018 and barely missed that mark again in 2019 Finishing at number two for the year an amazing accomplishment Steve Rhodes is committed to sharing his techniques and knowledge with anyone who wants to learn And he shares his vast amount of trading knowledge every day in his mastering probability newsletter Steve's award-winning newsletter Mastering probability is delivered every trading day with updates throughout the afternoon Sign up for Steve's market newsletter Mastering probability and you'll receive access to seven of Steve's educational webinars Absolutely free at tfnn all our newsletters come with a 30 day money back guarantee So you have absolutely nothing to worry about visit tfnn.com and try mastering probability 30 days risk free today tfnn educating investors The reality is that navigating financial markets can be risky Markets can be chaotic and difficult to understand Having the latest market advice can help you turn this chaos into a key for creating winning trades At tfnn we understand that it can be hard to find reliable market news That's why each of our market experts offers their very own market newsletter A must-have tool for every trader out there striving to find an edge in today's markets tfnn newsletters cover every aspect of the markets so you can analyze the market before you trade Try any of our great newsletters risk free with our 30 day money back guarantee Just visit the newsletters tab on the front page of tfnn.com tfnn educating investors Don't forget you can listen to tfnn live on your mobile device 24 hours per day Go to tfnn.com and hit watch tiger tv That's tfnn.com and hit watch tiger tv We get s&p's off by five nasdaq 100 negative by 55 You get the dow up by one gonna be a big day for disney as they're voting on uh a few things in terms of whether they change up in terms of the board etc Disney off six tenths percent stay tuned for news from disney potentially today and yeah, uh taiwan Hopefully harko's out to them keeping them in their thoughts man Just the humanity perspective little on the chips 7.5 quake man last night I was in my office just taking care of a few things maybe like eight nine o'clock at night the news hitting Watching some of the videos absolutely remarkable some of the visual visuals out there. Look at these buildings man It's absolutely remarkable some of these videos and visuals that are going on out there Taiwan quake puts world's most advanced chips at risk But nonetheless right you get taiwan semi as I was discussing with our man mike Actually flat today as you get the market a little bit negative They bounce back for taiwan semi and you heard the ad folks The gold report check it out in the front page to tfnn that sale running through this week alone We sent on email over the weekend. We included even an email on monday with this week's gold report just for everybody If you didn't get that folks feel free to send me an email We'll send it along it went out to everybody but tommy at tfnn.com is my email address This is a glimpse of some of the positions that were in there as of last friday Okay, now it's been a heck of a running gold, of course Okay, all of these equities above where they were as of last friday's close You're talking about 16 percent 11 percent almost 70 percent 12 percent 35 percent some big numbers folks And it is not too late in that gold market man. I mean look where the dollar yen is right? Imagine if you get a shift here imagine if you get some dollar weakness in the mix Let alone the run the gold has had you almost have the yen at the weakest level you've seen What was the number since like 1990? I think that is 1990 You got yen weakness and it's approaching again that 150 197 price point man. You're at 150 192 We probably hit it today. We'll see where it goes. You see those numbers teddy was talking about right 153 153 and a half and uh great conversation with our man teddy as always folks Even if you don't trade forex check out the tiger forex report You can learn so much from what teddy's talking about whether it's currencies yields dollar It is Everything we do 90 days. I suppose the 30 day money back to you Even like report special folks lock in that 35 saving stay tuned We got a man basal Chapman He's coming up next with the tiger technicians hour and I'll see you tomorrow folks. Have a great wednesday everybody


We have two microphones, so please just raise your hand if you want to ask a question or want to dig deeper into something one two Thank you. Hi Nicholas. I'm a question to Georgia. I See the point of choosing a point of view But with which kind of point of view did you do you not choose? Sure, this is a good question. Of course as I was really trying to introduce There's many many many ways a story can be told. I mean, there's many points of view on that We try to I mean just to be honest We have really really a small amount of time because we do the data analysis and the data visualization Just four days and we really try to do our best to find how the most interesting thing that appears From the data being something that we didn't expect it being something that can open to further exploration So that just is a starting point for readers to understand the topic and you really have every time try to Correlate different kind of information which I know your point is not the only point of view But it's part of the job We know that we are missing thousands of point of view But this is a story that we tell in a Sunday culture of supplement of a newspaper So it's really really a story that we we choose our Point of view to tell the story through so I totally get your point We miss lots of point of view every time and you know every time that we find an interesting data set and then we fit The data in print we always say oh, and this is so amazing We have to do it interactive so that people can explore all of the layers But most of the time we're not able to do that but yeah, I see your point Yes, please Hi, yeah, that was my questions if you have made any interactive Visualizations and yeah, and what do you think of that? Yeah, so we did I mean today as I talk and then you can all As actually that we do a lot of different kind of information design work So we build also interactive visualization interfaces and after and that's it today. I Show I choose to show this kind of work Which is the pure data visualization work with the data and the most exploratory work when it comes to interactive view Of course as the possibility to let Readers and so users find their stories through data So it's more that you build a tool a sort of infrastructure when you present the data And you give the possibility to let the readers and the user interact in their own way finding their own path and really digging into the thing that they Are willing to explore of course when you are in static data visualization You have to pick a point of view you have to let something Over of course, so I think that of course interactive data visualization also in the visualization that can really Let users to explorers and to find their path is more Exploratory tools I would call lots of interactive data visualization as tool to explore rather than pieces to read So this is my difference. I don't know so and for us everything at the at the New York Times R&D lab that we try to build We always try and build something that you can play with something that we can touch and we can test out in the real world and see How effective a visualization is or how effective a prototype it is so it's it's really important to us to make things that Are instantiated in one way or another so for the globe visualization that I showed The live version of that means you can spin it around and zoom in and out and really try and Get in amongst the data Yes So I have a question for you Mike and the maps over Afghanistan that you Did what I used afterwards for the like to raise the security in Afghanistan for the military or anything? Yeah, so immediately after we made the maps we One of my colleagues got a call from a think tank in Washington and they use them For the kind of arguments they were making for how they should proceed in Afghanistan We ended up doing a bunch of academic work around it. So there's a paper and there's a book coming out all about how to model the Conflict dynamics, so it's gone in a number of different directions Can I have a follow-up question on that Mike? What's the biggest aha moment you've experienced you or your readers when Visualizing big data In general so for the for the Afghanistan map it was It was definitely the relationship between the conflict and the road that the NATO forces were building around the The edge of the country so you can really see you don't even need to plot the road You can see where it is from the ring of activity and you can see the The most activity taking place where the edges of the road are being built So and with every kind of visualization we always get some kind of correlation that suggests more questions So all of the things we do Are always to kind of to get in there to start asking more subtle questions Mike for you The data about the users of the New York time page. Where did it actually go? Did it go into a boardroom? Where management would be thinking about solving the New York Times dropping leader in readership or what were the What's the audience? so The audience for that is definitely to go into the rest of the building and should try and persuade The the organization to maybe think a little differently that particular piece of work started getting implemented a month or so ago so a Good a good success from a project from the lab is when it gets to go and cause ripples in the in the organization And this one was a particularly good one for that So yeah, hopefully it'll be implemented and we'll start seeing what how people use the site a bit more and less about What they're reading? Hi, my name is Julia and my question is for both of you And I wondering how do you build your interactive designs in what programming and stuff like that? Well It depends we at Acura. We don't have a fixed technology that we use it depends from the aim I think that our developers right now mainly work on D3 and Customize their programming, but I have to admit I have no idea because I'm not a coder So as I was saying before for us is very very important to have build a team because I'm in charge of the representation of the information And every time I can talk with coders that can really do their job And also advise me which could be best ways to maybe Dig into the data visually speaking. So but right now I think that mainly we use D3 Yeah, so we've Over the last few years. We've been exploring lots of different technologies. So I think in the the talk you saw some Python and some GG plot in our and then the more recent stuff is all JavaScript. So the two the two visualizations that Nick made are both in canvas And he's but he's not a good example He's a bit of a crazy whiz kid and uses the graphics the GPU to do a lot of that work Other stuff that we've done. We use a lot of D3 and JavaScript based things It's really good for being able to build a really complicated visualization and get it in front of a lot of people quickly a lot better than The just building little the kind of more scientific plots, which you have to embed into a PDF and then persuade people to open Just clicking through on to a JavaScript based interactive is so much easier stir question There's a guy behind the screen Way back. Hi, my name is Ola This one's for Mike This team that works with data visualization based on big data Has it ever come look to something like a grounded theory, which is a social science methodology for abductive theory generation Not that I know I'm afraid what's the name of the theory grounded a theory It's grounded in data trying to find the variances and builds theory from the patterns that are Identified rather than the hypotheses. There's formed ahead of time, right? So I'm without much discipline That's definitely the way that we work, but I would love to know more about the The discipline and the the written-down theory would be fantastic We've all got really disparate backgrounds in the lab. So Theories like that don't show up in an engineering course. Unfortunately. So I'd love to know more In the discipline is a is a hard thing to accomplish Okay, I do have a final question and when you do this, it feels like it's it's lots of Manual work you go through your data You decide what to scrap and what to not then and your work is almost like artwork I mean, it's lots of hours goes into it. Are there any pieces you could automate? To make them quicker or more more direct or is it is it always this handy work that needs to be done? collecting and and selecting and So for us where we work a lot every project gives rise to new tools And then we try and keep those tools in into the next project and so We've we're building up a really interesting tool set that's all on github if anyone's interested It allows us to do these these slightly more impressive engineering feats So to get all of the click all of the page views on the New York Times into one browser window has built up on lots of Other tools that we've built up over the last I guess the last few years In our case for this project everything is very manual and very customized to the piece that we want to build So we basically work with excel and illustrator and sometimes you can of course Automate the way that the most part of information are represented But everything that is really refined in illustrator trying really to be very precise So it's really passing from excel to illustrator. Okay So I would like to say thank you for making us understand complex things better. Thank you very much for great presentations and


There it goes, okay. Hi Tim Randall's was almost national lab So I'm gonna talk a little bit about our homegrown unprivileged container on time called Charlie cloud Ignore the date. This is not a recycled talk.  So I'm gonna be bold. I'm on summit at Oak Ridge They don't know I'm doing this but not really their problem And if you think I just changed the host name of my desk of my Mac, it's not it's a power PC machine So I'm gonna get this started real quick. I don't have Charlie cloud on the system I'm just normal me. I don't work at Oak Ridge. I don't have any privileges there And I hope this works. Okay. So while that's doing stuff, I will switch back and forth So Charlie cloud landals lightweight fully unprivileged HPC container on time Let me Just get this going what I'm doing here is building Charlie cloud in my home directory It really is fully unprivileged and one of the things that we're proud of this year was the fact that we got the ability to Do fully unprivileged builds of containers now So it used to be in the past we told folks use dock or use build or use pod man Use something on on your laptop to build your application But we know that that's not really what our scientists want to do So when we wrote Charlie cloud we focused first on the runtime we said there are other tools to build a container Let's get the runtime solid get it working And then in the past year we've come up with this thing called CH image And it is fully unprivileged image building and management. So there are no set UID helpers When I say fully unprivileged we're using unprivileged username spaces here. So there's no set cap stuff like the UID GID mappers that pod man for instance uses in its rootless mode. It's purely unprivileged It's allowing our users to build their application directly on our HPC systems and all of our environments are open science are our Secure machines and even more restricted environments than that We do have sorry We have registry support. So this thing called CH image will push and pull Kind of need the pull to be able to do the build because you have a from line in your docker file Let me see here. We should have so what I've just done is installed Charlie cloud and I made a typo, but it's there now We'll back out of that and switch in what I'm going to do is build clamor, which is a an adaptive Mesh refinement Hydrogen hours code, but it's a little one. So it's just a test app. Here's a docker file. I'm going to use Should look pretty similar to what you've seen before We're going to be pulling a power PC 64 le image. We're going to use Debian. We're going to do some stuff To install a bunch of packages into that image and then we're going to clone The clamor repository and do a quick make So we're going to use the CH image build command here I'm going to get this running and it'll take a little bit to run Something I mentioned back here is that I did not mention but it's here There's a force option that we have now and what that does is it automatically injects fake root or sudo Not sudo, but sudo the commands in there and those are our system call interlopers that will Intercept calls for things like chone and tell the package manager. Oh, yeah, sure. It's fine That just worked the way you thought it did and it allows you to install troublesome packages like open SSH and System D and some other stuff.  You'll see it did a poll here from Docker hub and we're going through all the package install. So while that's going on That I thought this might be interesting to you folks Don't write a tool that knows how to push and pull to registries. It's not fun. It's Convoluted mess This is a little test matrix of what we've tried with Charlie cloud see each image pull and push Some stuff works. Some stuff doesn't people will tell you there's a standard. There's no standard There is a standard, but it's open to interpretation and You know a lot of what I'm showing here goes down to our layers Landl's container strategy. So The our main mission users are part of the advanced simulation computing thing that the ask in the slide ask Integrated code teams and they are adopting containers For all of their future code deployments or application deployments. They are no longer going to build binaries And then put them somewhere in a shared file system until their users to update their their job scripts to point to the new version It's going to be all containers all the time. That's all they're going to use so There are reasons for this they're not hard to imagine provenance being the number one one number one reason for that for the code teams Right now we are heavily relying upon environment modules They don't always control all the environment modules. Some of them are provided by the systems folks at Landl's some of them provided by themselves They also don't like environment modules because it's like it's not 2005 anymore and SPAC exists. So they really want to use SPAC to build their applications And we're doing a lot of work right now to make sure that Charlie cloud works well with SPAC to be able to containerize their applications We see here now we're into building clamor In a container over on summit So this will take a little bit of time to run. I think it uses CMake and Clang or something like that So we're addressing a bunch of requirements One thing is that we're thinking of going to Red Hats UBI for all of our supportive base images that would allow us to Take advantage of Red Hats security scanning and publication of what all our PMs are in the base as opposed to pulling something off of God knows Where like I did just now And it finished. I don't know what's in this devian image, but we want to know what's in the devian image Split brain Presentation is fun so The big benefits we think from the container strategy allows our co-teams to have the total provenance of their applications They control the application in the runtime and all the libraries it was built with It helps our users build provenance for the simulations what Charlie cloud does and I'm not actually going to show This workflow what I'm doing here is pulling it out of my build cache and turning it into a tar ball to deploy it on Summit that just works anywhere the workflow. We're going to be using to distribute applications at scale is to Is to turn this into a squash FS and mount it over luster Everywhere in an allocation kind of like shifter image gateway does Real quick so I can run This I think Ryan had a question. I saw it pop up. I didn't get a chance to read it All this is doing is un-tarrying it into a temp file system You know And then we'll try to run the application Not that one not that one either Here we go. Now. We're just gonna and there we are. We're running the clamor out of the container image Think I'm probably out of time. Let's see what Ryan has. So it's a versioning issue. Aha I'm versioning issue that users have in their respective job scripts Let me think about that for a second The versioning issue that users have today with their job scripts So our job scripts are massive They'll have a module purge and then a module load of gazillion things and then the point at whatever application They want to run that needs all these modules today They don't they're not real good at changing the 15 different module things if this is addressing your question I hope it is Ryan. I should pull up my windows. I can see if you're nodding this or no So a common one was the default version of HDF 5 changed The application gets rebuilt is not yet rebuilt against it So it's your five output and the application breaks when a user just reruns the job script They've been using since the last release the application came out another problem another spin of the same problem is The application is using a specific version module for HDF 5 They tell their users if you want to use this application load this module the user forgets to do it and they're still grabbing the default What we want to do is put all of it into the container so that we're not pulling in things dynamically And breaking applications we know by looking at our past tickets It's really going to reduce the number of support tickets that we get from our users And in our testing of this our most problematic users, which we approach as a friendly user We know that you'd like to try this new technology They suddenly stopped putting in tickets about why did my application die because they didn't have any control over their application They just ran the command that the the code team told them to run That makes sense Tim what's the situation with open HPC support for Charlie cloud? Is it still good? I don't think it's ever been good It was in there when Reese Baird was sort of babysitting what version of Charlie cloud was an open HPC


Okay, so thanks everybody for making it out especially with the the time change. And thanks Andrew for for coming to speak. So this week we've got Andrew shorts from the Southeast Missouri State University who will be talking about zero forcing sets and each matchable grass. Go ahead and take us away. All right, well thank you. Oh, sorry, go ahead. Was somebody. Okay, I think it was made an accident. Go ahead Andrew, sorry. Oh, no worries. All right, well, thank you, Drew for inviting me to speak today at your seminar. As he indicated in one of his emails, you know, just seminars around the country, you know, unique opportunities given our current situation with zooming and whatnot to, you know, see some speakers that are well outside our normal our normal driving distance for instance I guess. And again thank you very much for having me today I greatly appreciate it. So today I'd like to talk about zero forcing sets in each matchable grass. Okay. There we go. All right. Now, just kind of go back over the abstract that we had here for the talk so in this talk. We have a graph G to be, you know, ordered pair of a vertex that has no vertices to be finite simple and undirected. And if we fix a non-trivial connected graph H, we consider a perfect H matching of a graph G is a set H sub one through H sub N of vertex and do sub graphs of G. In other words, if we isolate G down to its individual vertex sets H sub I then it's going to be equal to the H sub I so each in vertex induced copy right. So, and it also is going to partition all the vertices here G right and each sub graph H sub I is going to be isomorphic to this graph H that we have in mind. So two perfect H matchings are of G we would consider equal if they're equal as sets of graphs, and a perfect matching of G is then a perfect piece of two matching of G. All right, so we're kind of seeing that this is basically kind of one way of generalizing the whole concept of perfect matchings of graphs right just instead of little copies of piece of two. We consider a general graph H that we have inside of multiple copies of this H inside of G here. Okay, and we say that G is H matchable or matchable right so borrowing that terminology again. If and only if G has a perfect H matching. In other words, so again barring the terminology from perfect matchings. All right. So if G has a perfect H matching, then the order of the, the number of vertices of G right has to be congruent to zero mod, the number of vertices of age, right, noble assume that throughout. All right, so let's kind of just start out with a quick visual example. So this for instance, would be an example of a claw matchable graph. I highlighted just the show in green all these little different copies of the claw right so this is kind of that a visualization of this idea. And this is not a claw matchable graph. All right, so we can see that we do have one issue here. Did anybody want to point out exactly where where it's at. Absolutely right that's correct. Yeah, the upper left corner right and so I've highlighted that one on this slide in orange to show you know that it sticks out right one of these is not like the other right so it fails to be a perfect claw matchable graph right So this little one up here on the left. I have a piece of four there instead. All right. So, now we have, we want to give an algorithm for for looking at these so it generates all each matchable graphs with vertex sets are in and in this algorithm, this sum here from ghost and K to equals to the M of us of K V sub K. Now it's empty for whenever M is less than or equal to one. And here the order of H right the number of vertices of H is just going to be equal to our. So our algorithm. H matchable tree is going to start with the input of a tree T. Alright, let's just start as the empty set and eight and the output is it become an H matchable tree with vertex set our end. Alright, and then here's our algorithm. So I don't want to read off all of this pseudo code here, but we can see that we are basically going through and we're updating as as we move along. Alright, so we're using a copy H sub M sub or H sub M plus one, excuse me of H with its vertex set as a subset of that set of numbers one through our end right bracket, our end in other words. And it's a, of course, actually it's an iterative, we're iterative process right and so while M is less than and we're just going to keep repeating this step to here. Alright, where we're just kind of basically appending these edges right and that step to a BB. Alright, and then when M finally hits M we stop and then we output this graph this graph. Alright, so I kind of want to just go through just one quick example of how this algorithm is utilized. Alright. So, but before we do that, I just was going to state that our quick observation is that this does indeed outputs a tree. T is equal to h sub zero h sub one through h sub n plus sigma k equals two to end of u sub k b sub k with a perfect perfect h matching h sub one through h sub n specifically so we're looking to have a specific each matching that we actually have in mind that this is generating right a very specific example. And here's our ideas behind it right so suppose S is the tree of order and V is a vertex of that of S and let T sub S of V denote the number of distinct sequences of trees as sub one as sub two through S of n where we have this nested sequence right when we finally took till we finally obtain S of n which is equal to S and each S tree S sub k has ordered k and for a specific matching h one through h and in the total number of matching n of p sub two, we find that fs of m goes from a of mp sub two to tm where fs of mt is a graph with vertex set m obtained from all trees in that set of a mp sub two by contracting each tree right h sub i to the vertex h sub i. So we're taking each one of those copies of h and we want to think about just shrinking it down to an individual vertex. Um, also another observation is and let's see I'm kind of respect and move this off my slide here a little bit there we go. All right. The tree T in a and h is generated by this. Some V goes in all the matchings M of T sub S of the times in a algorithm H matchable tree, where T is in a of mh and now this is for you again a unique M in the set of all matchings M script M. And h and s is this piece of M of T so you want to think about a piece of M as this contraction map. All right, you know, I get that out of the way. All right, now I'll go to. Sorry, I got to kind of move this little screen sharing thing around so it's not covering up pieces of my slide. Now, here's our here's the example that I promised you if we take M to be the matching 123456 right in the set of all matchings on on three vertices for piece of two and tree T is in the set of all trees with this perfect piece of two matching right with vertex set bracket six and the tree set 123456 then the tree S is equal to a fee sub M of T has three vertices 123456 and where 12 is adjacent to 34 is adjacent to five. All right, so then the way this kind of looks is we have T sub at T sub S of 12 is one right we have 12 where 12 is adjacent to 34 and then 12 is adjacent to 34 is adjacent to 56 and then T sub S of 34 is equal to two where we have these two items here 3034 where 34 is adjacent to 1256 is adjacent to 34 is adjacent to 12 and 34 were 34 is adjacent to 56 and 1212 is adjacent to 34 is adjacent to 56. And then T sub S of 56 is equal to one where we have the order triple 5656 is adjacent to 34 and 56 is adjacent to 34 is adjacent to 12. So, hence our our sum that we were looking at a piece of S of V is equal to four. All right, an algorithm H matchable tree generates precisely four distinct tuples, giving our tree T that were that's of interest. So we have fee of 123456 and then add in 13 and 35. And we also have fee of 341256 and then add in 13 and 35. And then we have fee of 345612 and then add in 35 and 13. And then we also have fee of 563412, and we add in 3513. All right. Oops, let me see here. There we go. All right, so this is the tea. This is the tree T that we generated here in the in the in the example given right so there's the one to that gets contracted to a single edge underneath the contraction map 34. All right, to a single vertex, excuse me, one to get contracted to a single vertex, 34, of course, as well, and 56. Right. So that's just a real simple example of the implementation number. All right. Now, this algorithm is, I kind of summarize some, some results here in table one of, of, of previous results, right to kind of show that I, as far as finding a perfect H matching in general, when the graph H has a component of order greater than three.  And if the instance and set is a graph G with a perfect K three matching or a tripart. It's a triangle matching that's known to be NP complete in a publication that I've labeled a GT 11 that's listed later on in the references. And if instead G is a bipartite graph and whether it has a perfect matching or not. That's actually complexity is known to be a book horse polynomial due to Edmonds. So the instance switches instead to a tree G, and we have a sub graph isomorphic to a force, force H, that's known to be NP complete and that was proven by mature in the GMG chief of 48, and forced G. All right that sub graph or some more for to a tree H that's known to actually be polynomial by mature in that same publication. Now, if G is planar, and that's the instance instead and we're looking for covered by very text just joint copies of H with connected planar graph H of order greater than equal three that's known to be NP complete by So here's a little bit of background some of the history behind what motivated some of the study of looking at these H matchable graphs. Now, we'll move on to the graph theoretic portion of the. I'm sorry that's zero forcing portion of the talk so just kind of a reminder of those for those of you who aren't familiar with zero forcing. And this whole idea is that we let each vertex of a graph G, right be given one or two colors. Let's say, red and blue, and let's let's denote the initial set of red vertices of G. Now the color change rule converts the color of a vertex from blue to red, if the blue vertex is the only blue neighbor of a red vertex. The set Z is said to be a zero forcing set of G, if all vertices of G will be turned. Excuse me, if all vertices of G will be turned red after finally many applications of the color change. And the zero forcing number of G, Z of G is a minimum of all Z's overall zero forcing set C that are a subset of the vertex. Now, the zero forcing number came about as a of a simple graph was introduced by the aim minimum rank special graphs workgroup. And this was to be able to bound the minimum rank for numerous families of graphs, zero forcing parameters have been investigated further and have been applied to the minimum rank problem and lots of recent literature. If we let Z be this initial set of red vertices, right, the color change rule changes the color of a vertex W from a blue to red, if the blue vertex is the only blue neighbor of a red vertex you in this case we may say that you forces W, and we write you right arrow W. Of course, there may be more than one red vertex capable of forcing W but we associate only one forcing vertex to W edit. And then applying the color change rule to all vertices of Z. We obtain an updated set of red vertices Z sub one, a super set of Z. Clearly not all sorry there should be not all vertices and Z need to be forcing vertices and if a vertex you and Z forces W, and you becomes inactive, in other words unable to force thereafter. And the vertex W replaces you as a potential forcing vertex and Z sub one, the Z sub one has at most the order of Z many potentially forcing vertices. So applying the color change rule to Z one results in another updated set Z sub two, which is a super set of Z sub one of now read vertices. And a chronological list of forces, right is a record of forcing actions in the order in which they are performed. A chronological list of forces a forcing chain is a sequence use of one use of two through use of T such that use of one forces use of one, use of or sorry use of I forces use of I plus one excuse me for I equals one to through T sub T minus one. Oops. And so what we've actually found right so then there's some canonical results that from zero forcing that I left out like for instance that the number of a path is just we want you just take one of the leaves and it can knock everything down all the rest of the way. Or for like a cycle for instance you take two that are adjacent to each other. And that's enough to force all the other vertices around the edge of the cycle. So, I did leave out some of those I wanted to make for sure present this result which we found with this was a. Most of the proof and then my one of my former advisees, Houston Houston sure who just recently learned earned is a PhD from University of North Texas for all matching graphs, G, such that the under the contraction of that piece of M of G is tree. We have that the zero forcing number of G has to be bounded in between the zero forcing number for H and N, where N is the number of copies of H in the graph G, so N times the zero forcing number of H right so here, and is the number of copies of H, as I said in G and fees of M is that function that we that we used to contract each copy of H and H magical graph to a vertex. And thus, piece of M of G is the graph resulting from replacing each copy of H in G by a single vertex. Alright, therefore, if there are n vertex induced and independent copies of H and G, then piece of M of G has and vertices, and whenever piece of M of G is a tree, we will call these tree like matchable graphs note that neither H nor G necessarily have to be trees themselves. Here's an example of an instance of G that realizes the lower bound so here we have obviously like a big path but we can think of being it being broke down into copies of piece of three right and the zero forcing number as I said earlier on pass right is just one. Alright, now, even though this past since it's evenly divisible by three. So we can still just use that one vertex as long as we're taking one of the leaves, and that's enough this red vertex would be enough to force all these other vertex vertices and sequence. Alright, and then turn every single vertex right. So here's an instance of G that realizes the lower bound not very interesting but it is an example not nonetheless. And here's a little bit more complicated that example that realizes the upper bound. Right. So in general, if we want, we could consider a actually more general than this specific example we could in general. So here's a PS box of P piece of T with fee of M being fee sub M excuse me of G being a path right, so we can't actually eliminate any of these red vertices in this instance and still be able to force everything in the graph right. So it's absolutely necessary that we actually take the number of vertices from each copy right of these to be able to force all of our vertices read. Okay. And these last couple slides are just a couple extra bonus slides that I threw in now this one right here actually is already as someone someone else's previous results and this is on pineapple graphs. So here we consider a complete graph case of N with key pendant vertices off of one vertex. And here we see that the zero forcing number of P and P is will copy P sub M comma P will call it is equal to N plus P minus two. So we actually have to take all of the vertices, except for the one that has the pendant vertices off of it and all but one vertex from the list dependence vertices in order to be able to force this crowd. This kind of borrow some of its ideas also from the zero forcing number on a complete graph as well. Right you have to take all but one vertices or otherwise you basically have always at least what I would call like a co defender right helping that vertex from herring. Right. Right now, this however is a new result this is just kind of something after I had seen this result I kind of played around with so instead of pineapple graphs why now this have mutant pineapples right so people kind of think of a pineapple graph. And right as you had that little grid area that looks like the fruit part of the pineapple and then the little leafs coming off the top.  And I kind of just jokingly coined the term, mutant pineapple graphs. Alright, so maybe some pineapples that were exposed to a little bit of radiation or something.  Okay, so we do actually have to go one over that. All right. Um, very good. All right, let's see I think I have. Oh yeah, have a nice little area here for direction for future research. We can invest other kick classes of graphs such that piece of M is a member of that class of grass such as cycles complete graphs and wheels. I also thought about maybe perhaps applying piece of M more than once to a graph right so maybe we have such a nice little neat structure that when we do the contraction we can still find a new age matching on the result and graph and maybe kind of go through an iterative process of taking piece of M now of course it's not necessarily going to be piece of M since M reference references a specific matching. Of course, it might be a piece of M and then a piece of M plot prime that we apply to it the sec for the second iteration. Right. So, maybe something where we could kind of iterate this process. And initial ideas that I had for direction for future result with combining these ideas of these age matchings with the zero forcing numbers. Now here's some of those references that I had promised earlier there's the aim minimum rank special work work group. That was one of the, the big ones that generated the whole idea of zero zero forcing sets to begin with. And then here's some of the references as well that I used for that table that was constructed earlier the different instances. And if you want to know a little bit more about the age matching graphs that was actually something that I come up with with my advisor lane, Dr Lane Clark. And there's we have a couple publications out on that and that's basically our generalized matches and force and freeze. And since then we've also done a paper on the distribution and we have a paper on the degree distribution of these age matchable graphs coming out shortly. And I think the remainder of these references are mostly from the table or some of the ideas that I've gotten where I got some of my ideas for the zero forcing numbers and how to combine them with. So, whoops. All right, and that's all I got for you today. So if we could all thank our speaker in some way and then we'll open it up for some questions. Looks like I get somebody here in chat. Oh, just just some thank yous I think. Okay. I'm so I'm so used to doing that automatically now from classes this semester's like some students will only ask them, you know, in the chat box and some will only ask them verbally. Yeah, you gotta be on top of. Yeah. Okay, do we have any questions for our speaker. Go on. So Andrew, you listed a number of empty complete problems where there was a component of size. So what if you want to match with an edge and then isolated vertex. Is it also empty complete or unknown. So, let me understand. So you want to match both. An edge in a isolated vertex. My three vertex graph is an edge and then isolated vertex. And I think you want to make induced copies of this to cover all vertices. Let me think so. So you're referencing back to the table like you have a isolated vertex and it's and two vertices with an edge right so you're looking at an age that's disconnected itself. Yeah, since then you don't have a component of order three. Right, right. Yeah, that's a good. That's a good question. Now, let's see. I mean, I guess that would be closest. So I guess that would be closest to, yeah, that's a tough question that because that would be really close to the instance being a tree. Well, you wouldn't know because the tree itself the trees, it wouldn't have a tree itself so you'd be looking more like a forest G right in a sub graph. Isomorphic to a tree age but you're really your subgrass really isomorphic to a forest, rather than a tree. Right. I honestly do not know off the top of my head. My initial intuition, though, would be that it would be it would be polynomial. My initial intuition that that would be I would cheat more towards the polynomial side than the, because if I remember correctly from it's been a while since I've constructed this table that first motivated some of this research, but I believe that the the stronger the connectivity of the graph the more difficult it was to find matchings in general a lot of the other literature. So the disconnectivity there, I think actually aids and finding and helping you would be able to find your matching and especially if you have your isolated vertices it seems like you could just kind of keep your isolated vertices almost off to the side if you will just find those copies of the edge inside right and just grab one of those isolated vertices well with those isolated vertices might be obviously isolated in the sense of the inside of the copy. Or whenever you look at the vertex induced copy of that age, but obviously they're not necessarily isolated whenever you are looking at the overall graph G before the contractive maps of map applies so. That's that's a good question I'm not that I'm not to think about that one a little bit more. Thank you. No problem. Yeah. It's equivalent to packing matching with P threes, the compliment. Because yeah because you would have. Yes, so you because you're looking at the so you'd be looking at the compliment yeah. I'm like searching right now I see some approximation algorithms for the maximum p three packing so maybe it's hard for the exact. You think it's MP hard. Just from the initial just from the initial search, of course, I mean, I don't know. But um, yeah. Yeah, because I mean yeah if because I did first I was I think I was thinking of it. When I first said polynomial I think I think I was thinking like okay well, you know, I wasn't thinking back to the originating graph G before you apply that map because yeah when you're back in that map I mean you have all these other edges that could potentially be in there. Right that could that you don't just get a, as I said earlier like try to simply just set them to the isolated vertices of the side and then grab them as you need them. But yeah because of the fact that you're looking at it in terms of the compliment being p three map then you would be well as far as the compliment is concerned then you're back to just a tree. Which is, which is, which is known. With that specific question and that specific instance. But let me, yeah. No, I said that's a, that's a, that's a, that's a good question.  Check if there's a perfect matching on the rest and then check and see if there's edges across. Once you add a back in anyway, and that's still all polynomial. Yeah, exhausted. Yeah. No, that is. If we use, whoops. So, because you have an H matchable H matchable tree. Yeah, because you're sorry not sorry not this algorithm that the algorithm that you had just decided putting the isolated vertices away. And then check matching in the rest, and then just check if there's edges across and then just do that for all possible sets of vertices that you need to throw away. That would all be polynomial I think. Yeah, because it can. Yeah, because you would have the advantage of that you were looking for just a pat a piece of two and isolated vertex in your tree so you look at it as far as looking at it for underneath the map yes you're right after the map as already applied and you had like say a perfect matching in hand. Yeah, and then you're just checking for it. Yeah, I think I think I think you're, I think you're right there I think you're, I think you're good. No, I haven't honestly I haven't really explored a whole bunch of the, I'm really glad that you actually asked that question because I really honestly haven't explored a lot of the, like the disconnected cat cases of h yet like I my natural intuition on a lot of this stuff was just to look at like, you know connected graphs but I think those those disconnected graphs post measuring questions. Yeah, those are definitely worth looking, looking into for sure. It looks like Patrick and hell showed that partitioning the vertex set of an arbitrary graph into induced p threes induced I'm not sure. Is MP hard. Yeah, I think that that Kirk Patrick and hell that might be the same reference that I have here on the first on that first instance in the table actually that might be the same publication where they do that. The 83. Yeah. Let me see what's going on. Where is that. There's the home paper. There's the hall paper that I maybe, maybe I try to squeeze too much on a slide and it might have one either looks like it was one of. It looks like McCurry was the last one it looks like it went above it looks like I tried to squeeze too many references on a slide. But yeah but I believe that's the same paper that I was referring to in the reference but yeah that that was, that would go along with of course the first entry we have here in this table. You know, MP, or, you know, seem to agree with that at least anyway. No, it's always it's always interesting. I think we're, we're these things break, if you will, right where where they switch from polynomial and be hard it's just there's there's that there's that threshold where it just kind of, you know, where it occurs, which is always, I don't know I always find fascinating. Do we have any other questions for our speaker. If not, thanks again Andrew for the talk and thanks everybody for making it out and have a good Thanksgiving break we won't have a seminar next week obviously and then the last one of the semester will be the week after that so thanks everybody for making out and have a Thanksgiving.