Gallwch allwch! welcome to the UK Data Service Workshop on Large Scale Social Survey Your presenter today is Nigel, the UK Data Service based at the University of Manchester Ok well thanks very much so I'm going to cover today is a little bit about the UK Data Service talking about survey data with some practical examples of that I'm going to the documentation and tips which are quite important, and a tour of the web site at the end. As I say we are a small group, so we can have more interaction in this session if you want it. I'm quite happy for you to either ask verbal questions or use Q&A. Okay, so what is the UK Data Service? Well, we're funded by the ESRC, which means all of the material we produce, it's free for noncommercial use. We provide a single point of access to a wide range of secondary social science data. This includes both qualitative and quantitative data and today we're focusing particularly on survey data. We also provide support training and guidance, and this is part of our training program. There's lots of documentation, and I'll show you some of that on the website. We basically support new things as they come in, so I might mention a few of the surveys we're expecting to see coming in shortly, which data we'll be expecting to see coming in shortly. So we hold UK surveys, longitudinal data, so data that's either available from longitudinal surveys like understanding society, or also data that comes from sources like the World Bank aggregate data. That's also an international database. We'll hold census data, we're just expecting to be releasing census 2021 data for England and Wales. There's already some data there, just simple local authority profiles of eight by age and sex in terms of England and Wales, and some more detailed data from Northern Ireland. We also host business data, and, as I said before, qualitative data. So I can see some people have gotten since we said, so just to reiterate, we have had technical problems today. So we have a smaller group than we expected, I suspect, and some people might come in a bit late. So if you've come in late and you feel like you've missed something that we've been talking about so far, please feel free to use the Q&A or to type or to just raise a question directly. So what are surveys? Well, surveys hold data generally about individuals or households. They're often commissioned by government departments and conducted by organisations like the Office for National Statistics or the National Centre for Social Research. And the aim of most of the surveys is to generate large sample sizes so that they can be seen as nationally representative. So within them we have mechanisms that allow you to translate the results into those reflecting of the population of the area being surveyed. So, for example, the English Housing Survey has things in it to enable you to make claims about housing in England. Quite often they're repeated cross sections, so they use the same or similar questions, but each time with a new sample of people. And they are repeated regularly. Just to kind of look at the mechanics underneath this, this is a couple of SPSS screenshots. And what they're showing is the way the data is held. So it's held in a kind of worksheet type format that you, if you're not familiar with SPSS, you will be familiar probably with Excel. The data is held as coded. So looking at that first question, the question is on self-rated health. The response is two in the first line and that translates into good. In the fourth line response is three, that translates to fair. And one which you can't quite see translates to very good. Similarly with sex, age bands, marital status, higher education qualification and ethnicity. So if you use a package like SPSS, you can see what these categories are, and when you produce tables and so on, they will come out with a text version model, the number version. And we produce data together with documentation in different formats. So SPSS data and tab formats are the most common. We also provide an online interface by Nestar where you can browse the variables and meter data for some of the data sets that we hold. Nestar allows you to do simple data analysis and to export tables and graphs and download subsets of data. So the kind of key topics we hold cover a wide range. So in terms of employment and work, we have the labour force survey, which is the main survey and we'll talk a bit more about that later on. And aligned with that is a larger survey, the annual population survey, which has less information in it. Other data sets such as the European working conditions survey are also there. In terms of health, we have the health survey for England, the Scottish health survey and diet and nutrition surveys amongst others. In terms of family finances, maybe a topic of great interest at the moment, we have family resources survey and living costs and food survey. We hold the crime survey for England and Wales and the Scottish equivalent. And one of the examples we're going to use is around attitudes and opinions. We're going to look at the British social attitudes survey. There's a Northern Ireland life and time survey, etc. And then in terms of housing in the local environment, we have the English housing survey. So there are lots of different sources. So at that point, I think it's right to stop and ask if there are any questions because that's the kind of essence of what we're going to give examples of now and we're going to get a bit more interactive as well. So before we move on, are there any questions about the kind of data you're looking for that we can pick up in the examples later? OK, so this is from Neo. The ONS website and Nomus are different data types of archive that are much more linked to the official statistics. We hold some of the ONS data that isn't available directly from other sources and the detail behind it, but they both provide kind of similar types of data. And we've got a question from Apple on the level of disaggregation. So basically, our data sets, the survey data sets are individual data and some of them will have some geography in them. One of the issues with geography on surveys is that it might be disclosive. So below regional level geography, for most surveys, you would find that you would need to go into the secure access. So we can talk about that later. But I think there is a restriction given sampling methodologies about looking at things at any fine kind of grain granular level. We actually hold all of that data. So in terms of the, we have information on expenditure and food in the living costs and food survey. In the English housing survey, half of the properties have a surveyors report on housing conditions. In the health survey, there's a nurse visit for a substantial participants that has both a blood and saliva test as well as other measurements like health. There's a national survey for sexual attitudes and lifestyles. And finally, in terms of understanding society in the COVID waves, we get test results, vaccination, infection, etc. So the answer is all of them in different ways. And that's becoming particularly around the biological samples. I think that's the right term. There's quite a lot of interest in actually collecting that kind of information within surveys because it enables us to connect the kind of fields of clinical research and social research. An area of particular interest I think during as a result of COVID. So here's some examples of surveys now. I think somebody mentioned the British social attitudes survey. This is conducted almost every year since 1983. It covers public attitudes on a range of issues. It helps because it's been so long running to look at patterns of continuity and change. The sample is around 3000. It's a core questions that identify things like your background, age, sex, ethnicity, etc. And then you have a number of modules on different aspects. Some are asked regularly, others less often, often led by the kind of media interest. So if you look at the 2010s, what you see as a focus on immigration, Brexit, etc. I suspect that we will be looking at issues around cost of living and precarity in future editions around COVID and so on in previous editions. And just to look at a particular kind of question. So in the 1987 report, I think it was, there was a question about attitudes to gender roles. So in particular thinking about women having the primary caring role for children when they're young. Again, we want to have a look at a poll here and see what you think had changed up to 2012. So I'm going to start this poll much quicker than last time. OK, so I suppose the majority is somewhere around 23 to 33%. The correct answer is 33%, which I found a bit surprising. I suppose I thought the world had become more modern. But actually when we move on to the repeat in 2017, that the overall traditional gender roles had dropped from 48% to 8%. Though there was still more of an expectation that women had the primary caring role in terms of children. There was a series of questions asked here without getting the documentation up. We don't have it to hand. But the one around women having the primary caring role when children are young was phrased much like that. Do you believe that women have the primary caring role when children are young? But the bank of questions on gender inequality was around a range of different things. So attitudes to women in the workplace, attitudes to economic independence and other household issues. So to explore that you would need to look at that. One thing to say about the British Social Attitude Survey is every year there is a report that comes alongside it and they report the key headlines from the survey. There's also all of the documentation in terms of the questions asked alongside the data set. So it's quite a good data set to navigate in lots of ways. The information available with it supports a whole range of analysis quite effectively. And it's also one we have produced sub versions of for those who might be interested in teaching about social attitudes. So we have one on politics and the environment, one on poverty. So remove on to the labour survey. So this is the main source of data in the labour market. And it measures a whole range of things around employment, unemployment and economic activity together with topics around occupation training hours of work and the personal characteristics. So it's a household survey is carried out quarterly with 60,000 people interviewed per quarter. So this is one of the I think this is the only one of the national surveys I've been contacted to do. And I ended up with five visits at some point in the 2000s from the researcher who asked me questions about my characteristics and the rest of my household. So I was reporting second hand on my wife and children's kind of economic position whilst they were living in the household. So the data sets you get is you can get a quarterly individual and household data set. And you can also get a five quarters data set. It's a pretty complex survey I would say in terms of our help desk which provides support. It's probably the biggest set of queries that is due to the way the documentation has evolved. So far, the documentation has been built up over time. So if you're looking for particular variables, you've got quite a bank of documentation to go through. I want to say currently working through reproducing that guidance so that it's more coherent. So rather than adding in further guidance when something changes, which has been the pattern today, they're trying to consolidate all that guidance into one set. And there are things that reflect that already there. But when, for example, particular categories very change over time, there are some queries that come in because people can't easily look at change over time with that category shift. Just to refresh what I've said, we have technical problems this morning with the Zoom link and have to send out a new one. So if you come in later and you've got questions about what's come before, then put them in the Q&A and we'll try and pick them up. So the health survey for England is conducted annually again. Close a whole range of things like general health, longstanding on the smoking and alcohol. Burns asked about the LFS. I think it does hold benefit claim information, but your better source for that might be something like the family resources survey, which would tend to hold sources of income as well. If you have a query as you're going through that, then we do have the help desk, which can help guide you towards the best data sets to use. For me, that would be an offline task where I'd have to go and look at the documentation and see specifically what was how. But feel free to use the help desk. So once you're registered with us, you can email us through the help desk. Actually, one of our team would pick up the query and get back to turn around fairly quick, I think. So there's a core questionnaire plus a focus topic for the year. It's an annual survey that's run since 1991. Currently, there are about 13,000 interviews a year. In terms of the question before about ethnicity, there is a release due, which has an ethnic boost in it so that there will be better data in that version of the data set, which is due out, I believe, later this year. We will be highlighting that on our website. So if you're interested in ethnicity and health, then follow our space and when the data is available, you'll be able to look in more detail at that. Alongside the questionnaire, there's a number of physical measurements and the analysis of blood samples and there's a report as well. So the picture on the right is a kind of extract of some of the information from that report. So it covers both public health and treatment clinical symptoms as well. And they use the infographic way of presenting data quite a lot. So it's quite an accessible report in terms of headline findings from each of the surveys. So this is where we're going to do a bit more of a kind of how you get to grips with the survey. So you've got a data set that looks like nothing sensible at all. It's got a load of numbers in it and some labels that may not make that much sense. So the documentation is central to getting to grips with surveys. And let's have a look at here. So we're looking at the Understanding Society COVID-19 study. So there were seven or eight ways of this study conducted during COVID to explore different areas of interest. So the areas of interest has shifted over time. There was a lot of interest in what was happening in education. So a lot of questions about school children within the household and what their experiences of education were. A lot of interest in the kind of facilities available to people. So when people have access to open space, whether they had access to exercise, etc. And a lot of interest in the clinical elements. So have people tested positive where they vaccinated and so on. And these kind of, I use this data for analysis of housing and debt, which was quite interesting for. And in terms of ethnicity, I was interested in breakdowns in that. So I use the data which showed there were quite distinct differences in housing conditions and precarity between different groups. So the question has changed over time because the need for information changed over time. And looking over here on the right hand side at what we've got, we've got the study information. So if you use a survey, we have a recommended citation for that survey. We then have data dictionaries, which have all of the variables. And you can look down through those. In understanding society, they tend to be grouped into blocks of similar type things. So you can have a look at them, see what might fit. Any recent notes, the original questionnaire and some information about changes. Now, in terms of understanding society, that's wrong from the University of Essex. And they also have their own website. So you can go on their own website and search for particular variables. So if you're looking at change over time in some aspect of social or physical economic life, you could search for a variable and find out which ways it had been included in. And potentially, if you were getting into longitudinal analysis with which we're not, you might be able to look at change over time for households, individuals, et cetera. So it's a household survey. There's around 40,000 responses in the main survey in the COVID-19 survey, which we're talking about. There's about 16,000 or 17,000. And it was conducted every two months from, I think, April 2020 through till autumn 2021. The frequency dipped towards the end, as things weren't changing as much. But for many people, it was a useful open way to get into the data. So quite a lot of the work done on COVID was using pretty secure data, which was linked directly to health records in terms of looking at the broader social context. Understanding society was an important resource for researchers. And here is an example of the questions asked. So I think that the previous question, what was the actual question, asked you to find this documentation for most of the surveys. And at the top, you can see some routing information. So if it's a question that is dependent on answers to previous questions, there will be the kind of who did answer this question, which is quite important to understand in lots of ways. The variable name and the things that you could put in here. We're looking at long COVID symptoms, and you can see there's a long list. There's another at the bottom where you'd be prompted to write in what that was. So this came a bit later in that understanding society set of ways of COVID data, exploring long COVID, which I don't know what we knew about at the beginning, but became quite significant area to understand as we moved on. And then when we look at resources, we might see case studies that analyse key messages from the data set. So this should link to the understanding society publication. So if you end up citing this, then your publication could easily end up here. I'm not sure of our mechanics of getting that. And then related studies. And as it says here, in the other bit, it links you to the, you've got a link to the understanding society website. So this is kind of the things behind the survey that I've produced when a survey is deposited with us. Kind of quite important stuff to understand. Now, I talked before about how we make things appear, how we make survey data nationally representative. And the way we do that is to weight the data. So for example, in the English housing survey, there is a selection base, which is based on the most recent information we have about the population. So in terms of thinking about some of those, we think about different types of property maybe in terms of housing, different tenures, different types of households, different geographical neighbourhoods. And the survey is designed to kind of gather a representative sample of those, but response rates may vary between those categories. And what weights do is allow an adjustment. So if a group is underreported, then the weighting will make that particular variable kind of report representative. So when you do simple count data, what you'd find is that data might be incorrect. And in all of the statistics packages, we simply have to say use that weighting variable. And the details will be in the survey documentation. So in the example of the English housing survey, there is a single individual weight, which is fairly easy to use. In the labour force survey, there are both individual and household weights. And there's quite a lot of guidance about how to apply those. And we have kind of guidance on what is weighting a video, some videos on what they mean in social surveys, how to use them in Nestar. I think our SPSS data and R is probably a bit out of date for some. And we would cover it in workshops where we're exploring particular data sets. And we have some work going on developing data skills modules. So for example, there's one on the crime survey. And if you use that, it will explain how to use weights and how to apply them. We are doing some similar work with Excel, but that will be coming along later on. It's really aimed more at teaching rather than analysis. Excel can be used, but it doesn't automatically understand weight. So you need to do something particularly with it. You need to count the weights rather than counting the number of records. So pretty central to doing survey work is understanding how to transform the data you can get out of it into one that you can make claims about the population. And you would notice that in news reported when particular surveys are released. So I know that almost every time the English Housing Survey is released, there's a press release from Shell to which talks about the particular challenges facing groups within society. Going back to the point about ethnicity, this is an area of concern particularly around housing, which is one of my research interests. And there's quite a lot of work going on in different places to try and address that. But the sample sizes aren't big enough to have adequate representation of individual ethnic groups. So the categories used in them tend to be the white, black, Asian, mixed, other categories, which are not that useful when you're looking at inequality within those groups. So the next thing to talk about is access conditions. So we have three levels of access. The first is open access. It's available with few restrictions. In terms of survey data, it's restricted to a small number of teaching data sets. There are also census aggregate data and geography are available open access. Most of our survey data is safeguarded. It requires you to be registered with us and to sign an end user license. You need to register and agree to the conditions. Most of the surveys, once you've done that are accessible, but some may have additional conditions. So, for example, the English Housing Survey requires approval from the data owner, which is currently the Ministry of levelling up, I think. And then the final level, the secure level. I mentioned before this has things like more specific geography, so it's a much greater risk of identification of individuals. So in order to access that, you need to become what's called an accredited researcher. So we run training courses. If you look at the events page, there is secure training. And what that is, is in effect a days training and then a test to make sure you understand the principles. You then need to apply for use. And there is a test for the public good, which is okay. It would fit with most people's use of data. It's very unlikely you're going to be looking at secure data in order to investigate things that will harm the population. And a lot of business data fits within this commercial confidence. So once your application is being processed, you then have a secure access agreement to use that data. And you would need to use it through a physical or virtual secure environment. Pre-pandemic, these used to be physical spaces. Increasingly, there are provisions for both secure sites on a number of university campuses and also a virtual arrangement where if you use a university controlled laptop. But the basic principle of that access is that you can't take anything in and you can't take anything out. So you have to put your code through a check. There is no external access once you're inside and your outputs are checked before they're released to you to use. So there is a kind of onerous process to get at that data. So I suppose you need to be fairly sure that that's what you want to do when you've got the time to go through that process. I'm happy to answer questions about that again. But that's the broad access conditions we hold data and release data on. So what I'm going to do now is I'm going to stop the share and I'm going to go on to the website and have a look at help you navigate some of that. So what you can see here is the front page of this and at the top bottom, there is a login or register button. So if I log in, it remembers me and it will take me through my university accreditation and then back to that front screen. So looking across the top bar, there's a fine data, which is what we're going to focus on, the learning hub and training and events. So first of all, if we have a quick look at the learning hub, so if you're new to the UK data service, there's a number of different things here. So there's a new to using data selection, the data skills module, things about student access. So I'm going to go into the survey data and what you can see here now is a set of information about survey data software and tools. So that tells you something about Stata, SPSS and R. So there's some guidance there. I know the SPSS guidance is quite old relatively, but the key thing here is to find out what your institution has if you haven't already got familiarity with software. Nestar, which is the interactive tool and you've got navigation bars alongside. So information about waiting, as I said, things about survey data. Somebody asked about geography. There is things there about the type of geographic information. And you've also got a question bank resource. So if you're using survey data and then you want to investigate further for your own purposes, you might find the question banks useful because they have the way. The way that questions have been asked in surveys, which you can repeat. And then here a set of data on different types. So if you're using the labour force and then your population survey, there's a video of the workshop introducing that. The understanding society and its predecessor, the British House of population survey, waiting in understanding society, etc. And then a link to the kind of training events. And we also wrong conferences. So lots of information there about survey data that was through the learning form. You can see there's other things down there. If you're interested in teaching, then there's information there to help you think about how you teach with this kind of data. That one link to teaching data sets as well, etc. So the learning home is probably a good place to start may well be a good reference point as you go along and is being developed as we as we go through things. The other areas that might be of interest is training and events. So you've all heard about this, but if you've heard about it by word of mouth, you might find this useful so you can see here the kind of events coming up. So today's event, the event this afternoon, which has been cancelled because of the technical problems we've got. Information on copywriting, census, which is a big focus, anonymisation. As I said, the secure training, this is safe researcher training, etc. So a whole range of courses. We tend to operate a term based program. So this is the autumn program. There will be a few more things coming into it. We advertise them as well, but the spring program will be released later on and can provide useful information. So those are the kind of support facilities. I think the big thing here is how you find data. So you can browse, you can search and so on. So I'm going to search for the labour force survey. Now I work on the help desk. So that's why this survey comes up top because I said it's the one we get most queries on. So if I go to the labour force survey and go forward, what it will give me is a whole where all of the data sets linked to the labour force survey. If I want to look at the most recent data, I can refine the date and then what I've got is the quarterly labour force survey data. I'm going to go into one of these in a minute, but I just want to see the others. So there's a longitudinal set, the labour force household survey, household data sets, and then two quarter and there will be five quarter longitudinal studies as well. So I'm going to go back up to the top of that. And if we look at the labour force survey here, so we've got the summary information about this data set, how to cite it, and a kind of abstract saying what it's about, information about the coverage and methodology. So when must appear work conducted, what spatial units were used, observations of individuals and households, how many cases are there, the way the data was collected, etc. So that's the kind of front page of it. When we move into the documentation, I did warn you about this, but there is an awful lot of documentation in this particular survey. I'm going to pick another one afterwards to show you that it's not quite. So, for example, now looking at the case studies, there's a number of different kind of studies that have been done that are reported here in terms of reports. The gender pay gap in Northern Ireland, etc. And then you've got the different studies that are linked to this. So all of the previous labour force surveys. So I'm going to go back to find data again. And I'm going to look for the British social attitudes, which we've also talked about. And let's have a look at the latest one, the 2020. So, as before, information, out citations, copyright, abstract and coverage. So there's nearly 4,000 cases. So if we then look at the documentation, much more straightforward. So there's a technical report, there's a user guide. There's a questionnaire. The variable list PDF format and Excel format citation information and the data dictionaries. So just have a quick look at the data dictionaries. So that's co-op as a zip file. I don't know. You have to let me know if this translates across when I open it. It's warning me about that. I'm not going to try and mess around with sharing screens anymore. I'm just going to go back to where I was. Okay, so I'll stop the share and go on to the documentation. So this is the kind of dictionary you get. So you get the name of the variable, the meaning of the variable. The categories used for some of them. I'll go down to one that has meaningful categories. Here we've got marital status. So we have the value and the meaning of that value for marital status and what happens with missing values. So there's a set of documentation there that enables you to kind of see what's going on to follow it through. Now, let me get back to that screen. So as I said, you can do quite complex searches here. Once you're familiar with datasets, the dataset you're using, then you would click on. So if you go back to that British Social Attitude Survey, there's a button on the right-hand side to access it. So having looked at the documentation deciding I want to do that, I then access the data, allocate it to a project. So if I haven't got a project set up, I need to set one up. I can allocate datasets to it and then download them and use them for analysis purposes. So there's a record of everything that I have. So if I go into my account, I'll just show you an example of. So I've got six projects, quite a lot of them are help desk ones. And these are some of the data I've been looking at for different purposes whilst I've been working here. So the previous datasets I've used were under a different email address. I wasn't at the University of Manchester, so you can't see those, but I'd basically set up a project and then allocate data to it. I think the last thing to show you on there is the help facility. So if you have problems registering or logging in, there's some guidance there. If you're not from an academic institution in the UK, you can register, but there is some additional information required. Some stuff for new users, information about the secure lab and information about your general download, access to the nest art tool. And it goes on and on, doesn't it? At the bottom, you've got the contact for the help desk. So as I said, if you've got a query, you can go into here, complete a web form and send it through. And for queries about datasets, they're likely to come to us, or for survey datasets, they come to our team. There will be headline news as well. So we have the census about to be released. So that's one of our headline things. Browsing data and training resources from events, stop at the bottom.


Kraft presents The Great Gilder Sleeves. Yeah! Kraft Cheese Company, who also bring you Bing Crosby every Thursday night, present each week at this time Harold Perry as The Great Gilder Sleeve, written by John Whedon and Sam Moore. We'll hear from The Great Gilder Sleeve in just a moment. But first, quite likely a lot of you have been wondering about margarine lately, wondering what it's made of, what it tastes like, whether it's really nutritious. Of course, I'm not qualified to speak for all margarines, but I can tell you about Parquet Margarine, the delicious, nutritious spread-for-bread made by Kraft. Parquet is a wholesome vegetable margarine, made from selected American farm products in Kraft's pick-and-span modern plants. And it's for flavor while Parquet Margarine is made by Kraft, to the same high standards of flavor and quality as all of Kraft's fine foods. Parquet's flavor is really outstanding. It's known, you see, as the margarine that tastes so deliciously good. Now, how about food value? Parquet Margarine is a wholesome, nourishing food, one of the best energy foods you can serve. And every pound of Parquet contains 9,000 units of important vitamin A. So with these facts in mind, ask your dealer tomorrow for Parquet, P-A-R-K-A-Y, Parquet Margarine made by Kraft. Now, now let's see what's happening with The Great Gilder Sleeve. It's five o'clock in the afternoon and The Great Man is just arriving home. He's little early this afternoon since big things are afoot. And as he enters the house, he finds margarine Leroy in the parlor. Well, well, well, happy little family. You're looking very pretty, my dear. Thank you, Uncle Morris. So are you Leroy? Yeah. Mr. Gilder Sleeve, Miss Ransom just phoned.  Oh, well, I'm going right over, Bertie. Thank you. Yes, sir. What's going on over there, Ron? Everybody's invited but me. Well, it's not exactly a party, Leroy. It's a committee meeting. We're going to raise some money to buy the town a new fire engine. A new fire engine? Yeah, the old one's got no pumping power. And besides, it never gets to the fire. It'll have an hour or two late. Oh, that's not on account of the engine, Uncle Morris. It's on account of the driver. Yeah. What are you talking about? Well, Charlie Prentice drives the fire engine. And Charlie is nuts about a girl that lives way out on Lincoln Avenue. Well, what of it? Well, every time they go to a fire, Charlie drives past her house no matter where the fire is. I don't believe that, Leroy. Well, you can ask anybody. When they go past the house, he waves at her, and she waves back at him, unless her old man's home. Leroy, I'm sure that story is nonsense. But I'll look into it. We'll have no three-alarm court chips in this town if I can help it.  Yes, I'm ready. Excuse me, Mr. Gilleslead, but are you going to be out for supper? No, Bertie, I'll be back for supper. He's just going over there to buy a fire engine.  He isn't joking, Bertie.  Mr.  I'm not going to buy it for myself, Bertie. The town of Summerfield is going to buy it. I'm just a member of a committee to raise the money.  Well, another committee is looking into that. I'd guess around $1,000. My, my. Do that include the tithe? Yes, that's with everything. How are you going to raise $1,000, honk? Yeah, we're going to put on some kind of entertainment. Oh, I'm with you tonight. Well, I don't know what kind of a thing it'll be exactly, but I suppose they'll be after me to play a prominent part. Is Judge Hooker going to be in it, too? Hooker, what can he do? Send petty crooks up for 30 days? That's not entertainment, my boy. No. Have you ever heard him recite The Children's Hour? No. He does? Yeah. Well, he won't do it in this show. Oh, my goodness, I got to go. Maybe I can help Leroy get a few things ready. Shall I come now, too, Uncle Moore?  You see, I haven't seen Leroy at all today. I get it. Leroy. Everybody gets it, Uncle Moore. You go on, and I'll be over in a few minutes. Oh, well. Who said a man is only young once? I hope. I was here, yeah, if that's what you mean. Oh, good. You know, I'm so excited. I love giving tea parties, don't you? Now, let's see. There'll be Marjorie and Judge Hooker and Dr. Pettibone and Mrs. Pettibone. Yeah, why did Hooker have to ring her in for? She always wants to run everything. But this is one show Mrs. Pettibone's not going to run. Well, I hope we'll get to play opposite each other, Throckmorton. Wouldn't that be romantic? We will. Either they make you my leading lady or I don't accept the part. And I hope it will be a costume play. Well, I think something with a little singing in it would go well. You know, I have this perfectly gorgeous costume. It was my great-grandmother Winfield's wedding gown with a hoop skirt and no shoulders and all. Oh, I'd like to see that. I wore it in a performance we gave down in Savannah and it was a tremendous success. The gown, I mean. The entertainment lost money, but the bow weevil was bad that year. Well, the gown is in, definitely. Grace is here. I am rambling on and I've got biscuits in the oven. I'll have to excuse me, have to ask you to excuse me for a moment, Throckmorton. Oh, don't get nervous. Let me come and help you. Oh, goodness, no. You sit down and I'll be right back. Oh, no. Let me help. Oh, apologize for the way I look. I'm a perfect fright in this old apron and all. That's the cutest apron I ever saw in my life. Here, ruffles. Oh, Grace, this is just an old thing I had around the house. And I'm afraid I'll probably have flour on my nose. You're adorable with flour on your nose. Have our wear. Want me to show you? Please. Right there. Oh, my goodness, the oven, which probably burns. Oh, let it burn. Well, if you want to help me here, you have to help. Otherwise, I shall have to banish you to the pub. Well, just tell me what to do. Well, first, stop interfering with the cook. I make no promises. Oh, and I'll give him a few next month. Leela, this is kind of fun, isn't it? Watching the biscuits. No, being here in the kitchen together. You know what I'm pretending? What, Throckmorton? I'm pretending it's our kitchen. Oh, let's do that. Let's play house. Nathan, darling, so you won't spoil your nice new suit. Here, I'll get you one of mine. Well, your apron would never fit me. Why, the strings won't even meet in back. I told you.  It's you, honey.  Oh, well, that just isn't so, Throckmorton. Though, of course, my great-grandmother Winfield was famous for her tiny waist. And I can get her wedding gown on without any trouble, hardly. I bet I can get my hands around your waist.  Throckmorton, do me a great favor, Winfield. Anything for you. Get me a kind of anchovies. That's a lime. You'll find them in the pantry closet. Where, in the closet? On about the third shelf, I think, toward the back. What is this, Pepper McGee's closet? Oh, no, I just got hit on the head with a load of canned goods, that's all. Lila, what is all this? You've got enough canned stuff in there to start a grocery. What's the idea? Well, maybe you'll think it's silly of me, Throckmorton, but I call that my hope change. But, Lila... Well, you see, I have this little man down at the supreme market, and he's just as nice. Every now and then, he slips me an extra can of something, and I just put it away here for when we're married. But, Lila, that's hoarding. I'm not hoarding, Throckmorton. I'm just saving up. If you can tell me the... If you can tell me the difference between that and hoarding, it's unpatriotic, Lila. Are you implying that I'm unpatriotic, Mr. Gilda Sleeves? Well, you don't mean to be. You might be interested to know that I had a grandfather who was a general. He's probably turning over in his grave right now, then. The army needs the food, Lila. That's why it's a crime to buy any more than you need. Oh, so I'm a criminal now? Well, I didn't say that. Yes, you did. I scrimp and save to make everything nice for you, and this is the kind of thanks I get. This is the way you play house. Oh, brother, what a start for a tea party. Mrs. Pettibon, oh, thank you, Marjorie. Well, if you ask me, I think what we ought to do is give a concert. After all, we have some very fine talent here in Summerfield. Mrs. Ransom plays the piano beautifully. Oh, Throckmorton. You do. And I'm told that our friend Peavey here is a real artist on the flute. Well, no, I wouldn't say that. I haven't played since the town band broke up, and then it was in Piccolo. Oh, well, that's all right. You can practice up, Peavey. Then there's Dr. Pettibon here. I'm sure he has his musical side. How about it, Doctor? Oh, I'm a wizard with the saw. You see, folks, we have a wealth of musical talent present, and, of course, I can always sing if necessary. I don't think it'll be necessary. What do you mean, Hooker? Well, you're charging admission for this. You've got to give them something for their money. Oh, no, a costume drum. Yes. Now, I recall a performance we gave some years ago of a tale of two cities in which I happened to play the part of Sydney Carton. It is a far, far better thing that I do than I have ever done. It is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known. That is a far, far worse performance than I've ever heard. Well, it's better than you're singing. Why don't we have a minstrel show? I'll be down to get you in the taxi, honey. Yes, love. Let's agree on one thing. Shall we, everyone? There will be no singing. Time for that. If there's anything worse than an amateur baritone, I don't know what it is. Well, now, just a minute, Mr. Pettibon. Excuse me, Mr. Gilda Sleep, but while I have the floor, I should also like to say that I don't think we're going to accomplish anything at this meeting unless we organize. Organize? Yes. I think we should have a chairman. I nominate Mrs. Pettibon. Oh, that's very kind of you, Judge Hooker. But I'm afraid with my many other duties, the women's club and so on. All in favor? I suppose my first act should be to appoint a secretary. And for that, I think we should choose one of our non-performing members. Mr. Pettibon. He plays the piccolo. Nevertheless, I shall appoint Mr. Pettibon. But I've never been a secretary before, Mr. Pettibon. All you have to do is write down the minutes. Give him a pencil and paper, somebody. Now, there arises the question of what type of entertainment we're going to give. Chairman, ask what type of entertainment? I think we ought to give them a good drama, like a tale of two cities. Why don't we give them something more popular, something that's been on Broadway? Oh, I think a costume play would be... I still think we ought to do something musical. Just a moment. Would you repeat those suggestions, please, for the minute? Never mind, Mr. Pettibon. As chairman, I think I can settle this very quickly. It happens that I have a play which I wrote myself that I think would be perfect. Chairman, suggest it on play. Is there any singing in it, Mrs. Pettibon? No. Oh. Gildishly wants to sing. But I'm sure you're like the story, Mr. Gillespie. It's about this terribly attractive man. He comes home from Paris and runs into this sweet young thing. Oh, Leela. And they fall madly in love. Sounds very interesting. Go on. Would you repeat that, please, for the minute? Later, Mr. Pettibon. I won't tell you the whole plot now, but it's a wonderful part for the right man. Oh, great. And I think it would be perfect for Judge Hooker. Hooker? I thought this was supposed to be a romantic part. Well, whom would you suggest, Mr. Gildishly? Well, I wouldn't want to suggest anybody, but there must be two or three people here who would do better than the part than Hooker. Two, anyway. Or one, at least. Would you repeat that, please, for the minute? Oh, never mind.  Well, what's wrong with that? Can you imagine Gildishly as a lover? Why, Gildishly, you're 60 pounds overweight. I told you six months ago, keep eating those starches. You'll bust those arches. Nobody loves a bad man. I don't know that. Leela, do you agree with that? Well, no, Throckmorton. Of course not. But I do think they've got a point. Oh, you too, eh? Now don't take it so personally, Throckmorton. After all, your waistline is something you just can't get around. Oh, you don't. Very good. Gildishly's waistline is something you can't get around. Wait a minute. I don't see that that feel very funny. No, my dream? My uncle may be a little big, but I'd rather be big like him and small and mean like all of you. Never mind, my dear. Let you and I go home. And he can sing, too.  Really, Mr. Gildishly, I must say. Throckmorton, in my own house, I think you might show a little more consideration. I'll show you some consideration. I'm going home.  Would someone repeat that please for the minute? The great Gildishly will be with us again in a few seconds. You know, that nursery rhyme about old mother Hubbard and her bear cupboard has a pretty up-to-the-minute ring to it these days. Because many of you are finding, I suppose, that favorite food products are sometimes missing from your grocer's shelves. Like the case of parquet margarine, for example. Crafts, delicious bread for bread. Even though craft is doing everything possible to keep dealers supplied, some dealers just can't keep up with the ever-increasing demand. That's because more people are asking for a parquet margarine than ever before. They've discovered how deliciously good parquet is, how nutritious it is, too. Of course, maybe you've been lucky. Maybe your dealer has always had enough parquet to go around, but with a war on, it's wise to watch your dealers stocks and buy parquet whenever you can. Remember, besides being an excellent energy food, parquet margarine is a reliable year-round source of important vitamin A. So always watch for, always ask for parquet, P-A-R-K-A-Y. Parquet margarine made by craft. Now let's get back to the great Gilder Sleeve and his campaign to provide Summerfield with a new fire engine. Several days have passed. He's still on the outs with Mrs. Pettibone under committee, but in the bosom of his family we find him his old genial self.  I'll bet there's not another cook in the country who can make coffee cake like this. Oh, I didn't make that, Mr. Gilder Sleeve. Ms. Ransom sent it over. Oh, well, now isn't that nice of her. Like another piece, Mr. Gilder Sleeve? No. And if you see me reaching for one, take it away from me. I'm reducing. Reducing? What's come over, you wonk? Well, nothing. What's so strange about my reducing? Can the leopard change his spots? Can the hippo change his polymers? Deloy, that's not very nice. Well, let the boy speak his mind, my dear. I seem to be fair game for everybody else. I don't know why my own nephew shouldn't pass a few remarks. There. I thought those people were very rude making fun of you the other night. Lee Roy should have better manners.  The truth be known, I am a trifle overweight, just at present. Yeah, you're really filling out there, wonk. All right, that's enough. You're developing quite a rontunda. Yep. Lee Roy, that'll be quite sufficient. I've been noticing it too, Mr. Gilson. You too, Bertie? Yes.  Yes. Well, I think I'll drop a pound or two and get back into fighting trim. A pound or two, he says. Say, here comes Judge Hooker. Oh, Judge Hooker, hey. Coming around now, huh? They'll all be coming around now, I suppose. Now, Uncle Mort, be nice to him. I know he must feel terrible about the other evening. Well, he'll have to be a little nice to me first. I'll go. Lee Roy, I haven't seen you for some time. Well, anytime you want to see me, I'm right here. Marjorie, you're looking very charming this morning. Thank you. Bertie, how are you? Just fine, Judge, just fine. Got all over that whatever it was for you. I hadn't even missed me last night, but it's gone now. That's good. Well, Gildy. Well, Judge, I suppose you come here to apologize. Well, we talked it over. You can forget about what happened the other night. I've already dismissed it from my mind, and I'm here with you with it.  Listen, is that any way to apologize? Gilderslee, you don't deserve an apology. But the unfortunate fact is, we can't get along without you. If we're going to get anywhere with this project, we've got to have you in on it. Uncle Mort, I think you ought to. Well, I'm willing to go halfway with you, Judge. Well, we'll go the other half. All right. Who gets a lead in the play? Well, now, Gildy, we went into all that the other night. So I remember. Let's face it, old man, if you don't fit the part... Who says I don't fit the part? She ought to know. Pettibone. We're having another meeting at her house, and if you just come around, I'm sure... Hooker, I wouldn't go near Mrs. Pettibone's house if it were the last house on Earth. And you can tell her so. Gilderslee, you're just being bullheaded. Out of my way. I'm due down at the office. I'm a busy man, Hooker. I haven't got any time for charades. Mrs. Pettibone. Oh, Mr. Gilderslee. She's been laying for me. Oh, hello, Mrs. Pettibone. You've been avoiding me, Mr. Gilderslee. Oh, no, I haven't. I've been busy. Oh, yes, you have. But you know, I don't blame you. A man in your position must have so many things on his mind. Well, as a matter of fact, I have. Now, today I have to see a man at 11, and then I have to see another man at 11.30. Oh, think of that. Well, I hate to impose on you when you're so frightfully busy, but we're having another meeting tonight at my house, and I really feel that the water department should be represented.  Well, as you know, Mrs. Pettibone, the fire engine is very close to my heart. Frankly, Mr. Gilderslee, but I don't see how we can accomplish anything without you. There's always Judge Hooker. Oh, you know, Judge Hooker is a dear old thing, but then he is old, and he tends to forget things, and he daughtles. Now, one thing I'll say for you, Mr. Gilderslee, you're not a daughtler.  Well, I've always prided myself on getting things done. Exactly the kind of man we need, the executive type.  And there are so few of us who really get things done. Oh, dear the world, what are we going to do about it? Oh, well, see you at eight o'clock tonight. But wait a minute. I'm absolutely thrilled that you can come. I'll only sure bring Mrs. Ransom. I think she's so sweet. I told her you'd call for her. But, but... I'm so glad I got into you. Goodbye. Goodbye. This is going to be one of my bad nights. In any moment now, Mr. Gilderslee will be arriving. We are very happy to have him back with us. And let's show him we are, shall we? Well, I don't know why not. How shall we do that, Mrs. Pennybourne? Well, that's a very good question, Mr. Peavey. Well, in the first place, none of us think Mr. Gilderslee is fat anymore, do we? Well, no, I wouldn't say that. Oh, don't be so literal, Peavey. She means nobody should make any remarks about his figure. And one more thing. Remember that Mr. Gilderslee is not completely one-over yet. The question of the play remains a delicate point and I suggest you let me handle that. Shall I go, love? Will you, love? Yes, love. Now, we're all clear on everything. Oh, yes. Well, of all people, Gilderslee, and Mrs. Ransom, Gilderslee, if I never saw you looking better, Mrs. Ransom, you look like a million dollars. Oh, now, darling. Oh, I should have gone myself. Oh, Mr. Gilderslee, I'm so glad to see you. And Mrs. Ransom. Good evening, Mrs. Pettibone. Mrs. Pettibone, I want to make one thing clear to your committee. I'm only here because I believe in firing. Oh, so public spirited. I quite understand, Mr. Gilderslee, and believe me, all of us appreciate your generosity. Good evening, Thrap Martin. Leela, glad to see you. Good evening, Judge. Hello, Mr. Gilderslee. You've lost a little flesh, haven't you? I don't really know, Peavey. I fluctuate, of course. Mr.  Thank you, thank you. Now, as you all know, we've made quite a little progress in planning our entertainment, and I would like to call on the chairman of the different committees to make their reports. Let me see now, Judge Hooker, I believe you were the auditorium committee. Yes, ma'am, I'm very happy to report that we've been offered the Elks Hall for the night of show. Will it cost us anything? No, we'll have to let the Elks in at half price. Oh, thank you, Judge. Isn't that splendid, Mr. Gilderslee? Just fine, Mrs. Pettibone. Congratulations, Judge. Mrs. Pettibone, can I make my report now? Mr. Peavey, if you don't mind, I'll call on my husband first. I know he has some very good news for us on the ticket situation. Speak up, love. Well, Fred Rosenhoff is going to print the tickets for us, and if they're all sold, that'll bring in almost 1,500 dollars. Oh, I think that's marvelous, Dr. Pettibone. That's an awful lot of money. Of course, so far we haven't sold any. Oh, is Rosenhoff charging us to print the tickets? Oh, no, he has a bad gallbladder I'm looking at. Could I make my report now, please? Just a minute, Peavey. And Mrs. Pettibone, I'd like to say a few words. Mr. Gilderslee will be so pleased, won't we? Thank you, thank you. I'd just like to say that I think the committee has done a wonderful job, and I'm proud to be associated with the committee. That's all. Mrs. Pettibone, I'd like to have some idea about the show. Of course, my dear. One thing I meant to tell you. We have a wonderful part for you in which you simply must wear that lovely dress you were telling me about. Oh, now isn't that thrilling, Shrack Mountain, you hear? That's fine, Lily. Oh, may I say at this time how pleased I am that we've all forgotten our little differences. And I'm sure we're all going to put our shoulders to the wheel and all pulled together. Mr. Gilderslee, there's just one thing now that would make the evening perfect. What's that, Mrs. Pettibone? I've never heard you sing. Won't you favor us with a selection? My galley, she stops at nothing. Now, Mrs. Pettibone, I told you I'm much too busy to take part in the entertainment.  Well, I used to do quite a bit of singing in my younger days. Oh, he sings beautifully. Do sing, Shrack Mountain. Will you play for me, Leela? I'd love to. Well, what shall it be? Something short? How about drink to me only with thine eyes? Nothing for me, thank you. Why me? Drink. Sorry, where a famous opera star comes to this little town where the heroine lives, that's Mrs. Branson. Oh. And of course when she hears him sing, she falls head over heels in love with him. Naturally. Oh, Mr. Gilderslee, you've got to play the part. Oh, no. Oh, please, please, remember our cause, Mr. Gilderslee. Well, for the sake of the fire engine, all right. Oh, I just know the play is going to be a tremendous success. Yeah, who knows? Maybe we'll take in enough money to buy two fire engines. Mrs. Pettibone, could I make my committee report now, please? Oh, of course, Mr. Peabee, I'm terribly sorry. Just what was your committee? Fire engine committee. Oh, yes, and the report? There won't be any fire engines for sale until after the war. Oh! There's a lot of kidding around here about Gilderslee's stomach, but I guess we're all a little concerned about our stomachs these days and what we're going to put in them. They tell me the Army's going to need half of our processed foods this year, which leaves just half as much for you and me as we've been accustomed to. That's why they're going to put in this point rationing system. There'll be a lot of jokes about rationing. I hope I get my share of them. But when you come right down to it, rationing is the only fair way of distributing the food that's available. It gives women with war jobs the same chance as those who can spend the whole day shopping around from market to market. And the poor man will get just as much as the rich man. It's the only fair and democratic way of handling it. Another thing, you hear a lot of vague talk about how much of our food has been going to our allies on lend lease. We looked into that, and do you know how much of our food all our allies got last year? Only seven and a half percent.  Good night, everybody. Have you discovered the speedy way to make swell macaroni and cheese? These days, clever women prepare that favorite main dish without any fuss of making a cheese sauce, without any bother with blanching and baking the macaroni. They simply open up a package of the product called Kraft Dinner. They cook the special Kraft Dinner macaroni quickly in boiling water. And with the Kraft grated, which also comes in each Kraft Dinner package, they sprinkle the cheese flavor through and through. Presto, the dinner main dish is ready in only seven minutes cooking time, and the cost is only a very few cents a serving. But the best part of it is Kraft Dinner macaroni and cheese is extra special good, fluffy, light, and drenched in cheese flavor. When good cooks discover the seven-minute way of making macaroni and cheese, they say never again by the old-fashioned slow method. Of course, Kraft Dinner is extra popular these days. You can help your dealer with his problem of keeping stock by ordering your Kraft Dinner early in the week. This program reached you from Hollywood. This is the National Broadcasting...


I want to talk about the debate section where health care came up, but specifically the question was posed to Elizabeth Warren. Do you support increasing taxes as a means of funding Medicare for all? Now, one of the most basic components of any single-payer system is you increase taxes, but in return, voters, working Americans, they're getting something great in exchange. They're getting comprehensive health care that is free at the point of service. We're eliminating co-pays, eliminating deductibles, premiums, and overall people will be better off. They'll not save money. But the way that the media treats this issue is as if any and all tax increases are bad inherently and forget about the nuance, it doesn't matter that we're going to be saving Americans money and giving them better health care that's universal and comprehensive. It doesn't matter. If you're going to raise their taxes, you're bad so you better defend yourself. So the right-wing framing, it's just incredibly frustrating. It irks me to my core. So we have to point that out. Regardless, if you are an advocate of Medicare for all, you have to be able to explain this in a way where you kind of get yourself out of the trap that the moderator tries to kind of put you in, right? So this happened to Bernie Sanders back in 2016. He was at a CNN town hall with Chris Cuomo and he was asked, will you raise taxes to pay for Medicare for all? The way that Bernie Sanders said it allowed him to be attacked. He said, we will raise taxes. Yes, we will. The media then removed the context from that quote and just had that as the headline. Bernie Sanders, we will raise taxes. So they're dishonest and they're not really demonstrating to voters or educating voters. Really, what's in their best interest? So I hate this question to begin with, but you have to be able to answer it. Elizabeth Warren was not able to answer this. And unfortunately, Pete Buttigieg was able to kind of pounce, but it wasn't just destruction. He didn't own her for lack of a better word. She was able to kind of rebut his talking points, which were right-wing talking points and kind of get the upper hand. But overall, I don't think she's being clear. It seems like she is trying to mislead people because she's being evasive. She's not saying the word tax. She's using the word cost in lieu of taxes. And she's got to figure out a better way to explain the fundamentals of Medicare for all.   As Calculance, you would say we're eliminating that private tax in favor of a public tax and the public tax is less than the private tax. So this is the exchange between Elizabeth Warren and Pete Buttigieg. I'll share my thoughts when we come back. Senator Warren, to be clear, Senator Sanders acknowledges he's going to raise taxes on the middle class to pay for Medicare for all. You've endorsed his plan. Should you acknowledge it too? So the way I see this, it is about what kinds of costs middle class families are going to face. So let me be clear on this. Costs will go up for the wealthy. They will go up for big corporations and for middle class families. They will go down. I will not sign a bill into law that does not lower costs for middle class families. Mayor Buttigieg, you say Senator Warren has been, quote, evasive about how she's going to pay for Medicare for all. What's your response? Well, we heard it tonight. A yes or no question that didn't get a yes or no answer. Look, this is why people here in the Midwest are so frustrated with Washington in general and Capitol Hill in particular. Your signature, Senator, is to have a plan for everything, except this. No plan has been laid out to explain how a multi-trillion dollar hole in this Medicare for all plan that Senator Warren is putting forward is supposed to get filled in. And the thing is, we really can deliver healthcare for every American and move forward with the boldest, biggest transformation since the inception of Medicare itself. But the way to do it without a giant multi-trillion dollar hole and without having to avoid a yes or no question is Medicare for all who want it. We take a version of Medicare. We let you access it if you want to. And if you prefer to stay on your private plan, you can do that too. That is what most Americans want, Medicare for all who want it, trusting you to make the right decision for your healthcare and for your family. And it can be delivered without an increase in medical expenses. So let's be clear, whenever someone hears the term Medicare for all who want it, understand what that really means. It's Medicare for all who can afford it. And that's the problem we've got. Medicare for all is the gold standard. It is the way we get healthcare coverage for every single American, including the family whose child's been diagnosed with cancer, including the person who's just gotten an MS diagnosis. That's how we make sure that everyone gets healthcare. We can pay for this. I've laid out the basic principles. Costs are going to go up for the wealthy. They're going to go up for big corporations. They will not go up for middle-class families. And I will not sign a bill into law that raises their costs because costs are what people care about.  Thank you, Senator. Can the mayor respond? Sure. When they say that what they want is a choice. And the choice of Medicare for all who want it, which is affordable for everyone, because we make sure that the subsidies are in place, allows you to get that healthcare. It's just better than Medicare for all whether you want it or not. And I don't understand why you believe the only way to deliver affordable coverage to everybody is to obliterate private plans, kicking 150 million Americans off of their insurance in four short years when we could achieve that same big, bold goal. And once again, we're competing to be president for the day after Trump. Our country will be horrifyingly polarized even more than now. After everything we've been through, after everything we are about to go through, this country will be even more divided. Why unnecessarily divide this country over healthcare when there's a better way to deliver coverage for all? So now for additional context before that clip, the way that the moderator tried to frame that question disingenuously so and expectedly so was in a yes or no question. Like he didn't want her to explain that even if we're raising taxes on normal Americans, they're still going to save money. So she tried to explain it and Pete Buttigieg pounced. He made it seem like she's lying. And look, I understand what she's saying, but the average American isn't really going to understand that. They don't know about single payer. They don't know really what she's talking about. So if I'm just an average viewer and I don't really know about healthcare and the way it's funded through attacks, I'm not really going to know what to think of that. Right? However, Elizabeth Warren did do a good job at kind of giving Pete Buttigieg a taste of his own medicine because she said, you know, what he's saying when he talks about Medicare for all who wants it is really it's Medicare for all who can afford it. And as you saw, he had no way to respond to that because he tried to suggest that it's actually going to be affordable in spite of what Elizabeth Warren says because we're going to subsidize it. The only problem with that, Pete, is the Affordable Care Act wasn't so affordable. We offered a subsidy, right? Obama had the individual mandate to make sure that it was cheap so that way everyone buys into it. And it's not just the system that is paid for by the six so that way healthy people are involved as well. But Pete, it's not affordable. It is not affordable. So I mean, for you to try to reassure us that your version of healthcare reform will be affordable after we just got the Affordable Care Act, which turned out to not be so affordable after all. Even if it was an improvement, you've got to understand that Republicans are going to have a field day with this view.  Oh, well, you want to eliminate choice. You want to blow up the private market. Spoken like a true corporate shill because this is an individual who has taken money from dozens of billionaires, I believe, at this point. He's funded by the industry. He's taking money from special interests and like a good little stooge. He's reciting all of their talking points. So I think that overall in that exchange, I don't know that there was a clear victor. I think Elizabeth Warren certainly got some great shots. And at Pete Buttigieg, however, he was able to persuasively argue that she was being evasive and she wasn't really being up front because it's clear that she doesn't really want to explain that. Yes, there will be a tax increase when it comes to Medicare for all. And I get it. It's so hard to explain this policy in a thorough way and a detailed way when you know that they're going to take you out of context the next day and smear you. I get it because it happened to Bernie Sanders, but you've got to work on that. Like this is a weakness of Elizabeth Warren and for her to still not really be able to directly answer that question in a way that is persuasive. You know, it's a missed opportunity. Now, thankfully, Bernie Sanders was brought into this conversation and he answered this perfectly, perfectly. He said it in a way where you can't really take him out of context as easily as you could have in 2016. And Elizabeth Warren will chime in again and claim Amy Klobuchar will actually give Bernie Sanders credit for being honest. Take a look.  Copayments are gone. Deductibles are gone. All out of pocket expenses are gone. We're going to do better than the Canadians do, and that is what they have managed to do at the end of the day. The overwhelming majority of people will save money on their health care bills. But I do think it is appropriate to acknowledge that taxes will go up. They're going to go up significantly for the wealthy and for virtually everybody, the tax increase they pay will be substantially less substantially less than what they were paying for premiums and out of pocket expenses. Senator Warren, will you acknowledge what the senator just said about taxes going up? So my view on this and what I have committed to is costs will go down for hardworking middle class families. I will not embrace a plan like Medicare for all who can afford it that will leave behind millions of people who cannot. And I will not embrace a plan. That says people have great insurance right up until you get the diagnosis and the insurance company says, sorry, we're not covering your expensive cancer treatments. We're not covering your expensive treatments. Thank you, Senator. Senator Klobuchar, what you need. At least Bernie's being honest here and saying how he's going to pay for this and that taxes are going to go up. And I'm sorry, Elizabeth, but you have not said that. And I think we owe it to the American people to tell them where we're going to send the invoice. I believe the best and boldest idea here is to not trash Obamacare, but to do exactly what Barack Obama wanted to do from the beginning. And that's have a public option that would bring down the cost of the premium and expand the number of people covered and take on the pharmaceutical companies. That is what we should be doing instead of kicking 149 million people off their insurance in four years.  You are making Republican talking points right now in this room by coming out for a plan that's going to do that. I think there is a better way that is bold that will cover more people, and it's the one we should get behind. Senator Warren. I didn't spend most of my time in Washington. I spent most of my time studying one basic question. And that is why hardworking people go broke. And one of the principal reasons for that is the cost of health care. And back when I was studying it, two out of every three families that ended up in bankruptcy after a serious medical problem had health insurance. The problem we've got right now is the overall cost of health care.  I've spent my entire life on working on how America's middle class has been hollowed out and how we fight back. I put out nearly 50 plans on how we can fight back and how we can rebuild an America that works. And a part of that is we got to stop Americans from going bankrupt over health.  And Elizabeth Warren kept talking about, you know, I didn't study this for so long. Liz, you have to be upfront. Look, as an advocate of Medicare for All, I'm glad that you are supporting it on a national debate stage, but you need to explain it for what it is, because if you are an advocate of Medicare for All and you're representing it nationally, then we need to be confident. We need to be strong and assure people that our policy is the best. And you can't do that if you are seemingly evasive. What Bernie Sanders said was straight to the point. It was concise. We're eliminating co-pays, premiums, deductibles, but there will be a tax. But overall, you will save money. That's the way that you deal with it. That's it. Overall, under my plan, you will have more money in your pocket and universal comprehensive coverage that is free at the point of service. No more co-pays, no more deductibles, not to mention the time I'll save you because you won't have to fill out the paperwork every single year and worry about which network you're in. That's all gone. It's easier under Medicare for All. So she's got to get better at this if she truly supports Medicare for All. Now, I have my doubts that she'd actually fight for it. But nonetheless, on a debate stage, I'm glad she's advocating for it because that is doing a lot to shift the overtune window to the left on this issue. But if you're going to fight for it, then you do need to be more confident and just explain it for what it is. If they take you out of context, at least voters will know that you're being honest, right? So Amy Klobuchar, let's talk a little bit about her. She she didn't like the fact that she was accused of using Republican talking points and she kind of tried to get ahead of herself, right? Because last time when John Delaney sparred with Elizabeth Warren, well, she ended up calling him out for the Republican talking points that he did. And that was a really effective argument against him.  So what she tried to do is get ahead of that allegation and basically say, no, you with your plan, you're creating Republican talking points. But make no mistake about it. Listen to what Amy Klobuchar says about Medicare for All and compare that to any average Republican. They sound identical because guess what? Amy Klobuchar has the same donors as Republicans. She takes money from the health industry, as does Donald Trump, as does any other Republican who's against Medicare for All. The difference is that she doesn't actually want to kick people off of coverage, whereas Republicans do. But yet, you know, I'm being too fair to her because she thinks that it's OK for her to lie about Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren and say they want to take people off of coverage. No, you're lying. You're literally lying now, and that's bad. That makes you a bad person because under all of these candidates' plans, if you are not opting for Medicare for All single pair, where it's free at the point of service, you need to acknowledge a fact that's really hard for these candidates, probably to digest. Probably not. They probably don't care. But their supporters at least should acknowledge it.  Because if you make health care a commodity, if you make it so you have to buy in and it's not just automatically something that is offered to all citizens and is paid for through taxes, it's not Medicare for All. Now, I don't care how you how you fund it, right? It doesn't necessarily have to be taxes. But you could do MMT and deficit spend. I don't care. But the fact is that if you don't opt for Medicare for All single pair, people will die. And that's what Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren need to point out. And they're not stressing enough the corruption here that is inherent in all of these arguments. The reason why Pete Luda, Judge and Amy Klobuchar are saying the things about Medicare for All, the reason why they're brazenly lying about it is because they are bankrolled by the health insurance industry. They are liars. So call them out. Call out the corruption.  Because if they're going to get more aggressive and accuse you of wanting to take insurance away or eliminate choice, get equally aggressive and say, OK, well, you want people to die.  Is that what you want?  So you've got to play hardball. And Elizabeth Warren has got to sharpen her rhetoric when it comes to Medicare for All, be more concise and explain it for what it actually is and take a few cues from Bernie Sanders. A few more cues from Bernie Sanders because he's managed to nail the rhetoric for the most part when it comes to Medicare for All. These are liars and you've got to call them out. I think Elizabeth Warren did a fairly good job at holding Amy Klobuchar and Pete Buttigieg's feet to the fire, but she could have been better and more effective in explaining what Medicare for All is. And I think overall her unwillingness to just directly say, yes, I support a tax increase, but and then explain what will happen and how Americans will save money. I think that is just not a good look overall, so I'll leave that there.


Throughout my 30-year career, I've played a lot of different guitar amps, but I have now arrived with this black star Series 1 100 watt head.  They don't break down on us on the road We beat the heck out of them and they rock But what I really love is the ability to get clean and dirty tones seamlessly a lot of channel switching amps have Glitches in between when you're switching from clean to dirty this one doesn't do that and I really like that So here's a clean sound Then I switch over to dirty Back to clean and it's seamless. There's no hesitation or glitches between the channel switching I really dig that feature much less the tone of these amps is killer You


In a recent interview, SecNav explained how the affordable care act affects the Navy family. He said the ACA mandate only affects you if you're leaving active service or have children 21 and older. If your child is too old to be on your tricare plan, ACA is one way they can keep health care coverage. For those not retiring from the Navy, ACA can help you transition your health coverage from tricare. Research vessel Neil Armstrong was christened Saturday by the namesake's widow, Carol Armstrong. Armstrong is named for the American hero whose small step gave a new perspective on our planet, and is the first of its class. The ship will carry on her namesake's legacy of exploration. Armstrong will support advanced oceanographic research in tropical and temperate oceans around the world, and do research on the eastern seaboard. Read more about these stories at Navy.mil. From All Hands Up Day, thanks for watching.


Good evening, friends. This is your host to welcome you through the creaking door into the Inner Sanctum. Litherin, won't you? Hmm? Sorry the place is such a mess. I'll sweep it up later. Those are just chips off the old block. Been doing my bone work. Oh, didn't I tell you? Sure. I'm going back to Skull, this girl. All courtesy now. Ready to string along with us for a while. Good. After all, this is a newspaper story. If you feel a little cold as we go on, it's only because we have a story to tell you.  Tonight's Inner Sanctum mystery, Death of a Doll, was written by Fred Mato and stars Mason Adams in the role of Will with Ted Osborne as bowl cousins. This is the story of Willie Harper and the Devil. And how Willie, on his first assignment for the Morning Blade, finds himself at two in the morning, sweating nervously in the murky shadows of a riverfront street. Willie has a gun in his pocket and a doll that belongs to a dead girl tucked under his arm. A block away, leaning against the one streetlight, impassive grotesque ape-like is the Devil waiting for Willie. I keep saying this is 1948. And I keep saying this is Manhattan. And I keep saying whether you believe in the Devil or not, you don't meet him till you're dead. But believe me, that's the Devil over there under that lamp. At three o'clock he's coming for me.  This all started ten days ago, around five in the afternoon at the city morgue. But Grundy, the night editor, sent me there on my first assignment. The morgue, he says, is a good place to start for stories. Looks like you might be in Luxem. How's that? Come along with me. What's your name? Will Harper. All right, Willie. Come down to the coolers with me. Yes, I'm very wrong. I've got a story in there for you. The girl in lock number seven. She's been here four days. Tomorrow we close the case. What did that mean, Mr. Jackson? It means, despite everything the police have been able to do, they can't find out her name, where she lived, or anyone who knew her. How was she found? Tugboat crew pushed her out the river. Tomorrow she goes to the city barrier grounds in a plain box marked Jane Doe. That's horrible. Just dying and nobody... Do you think she was murdered? There's not a mark on her. They say she wasn't. But I want you to look at her face and tell me what you think. This is Jane Doe of number seven, sir. Jane? This is Willie Harper. I want you to see her face, Willie. Tell me what you see in it. A strange emotion shook me. She didn't seem dead to me. Her skin was perfect ivory. Her hair was fine, spun copper. Her lips twisted slightly. I blushed and turned away, catching myself imagining what those lips must have looked like with life's color. Jackson led me back to his office without speaking. I lit a shaky cigarette. He fished a brown paper bag out of his desk. He handed it to me, tilling it forward as he did so. What the devil? Yeah. And when they pulled her out, she was clutching this doll close to her. Even the doll hasn't helped Grace. The police have threw it. Mr. Jackson, you'll think I'm nuts. I suddenly feel sore, boiling mad. I don't know why, but I think she was murdered. The look on her face... Miss, uh, help? Yeah. Dead girl, nobody wants. And the doll is your story, Willie. Too bad you didn't know her before. Yeah. Well, thanks. Yeah. Take the doll along, will you?  I'm a grundy martyr, poor he stared at me. When I got through, he had to sort of put the grin on his face, sort of know it all. He grunted and tilted the paper-wrapped doll forward. Think she was murdered, eh? Yes. The cops don't think so? No. They're closing her case tomorrow? Yeah. No clues, facts, or anything outside of this doll? None. It's a terrible thing. Cups have been wrong before. Go ahead. Thanks. I'll get a story. Take your dolly along. And keep falling with the dead ones, Harper.  Now I know why I resented that crack of McGrundy. You must have guessed before I did. I fell in in love with the girl in the morgue. Half hour later, disgusted with my own morbidity, I went to my room before going out to eat. Slammed the door and tossed the doll into a chair. I couldn't shake the feeling that the nameless girl in the morgue had something to say to me. If only the doll could talk, could tell me about it. What was she like? Was her voice soft? Was it kind? Who was cruel to her? Who did she live? Who killed her doll? Who? I grin sheepishly at myself in the mirror. And with that gesture, this story really begins. The next few moments remain electrifyingly vivid. I had set the doll down in the bureau. I didn't touch it. I wasn't even looking at it when a new sound came from it. I stared at the crumpled, ridiculous little fool, almost afraid to touch it again, but I did. I had to. I picked it up and tilted it limply. Karaman. That was what I had heard. A sound? A sound only? No. Somehow I thought it was more than a sound. A name. Maybe a name. Half because I didn't want to stay alone with a doll any longer and half on a hunch. I stuffed the doll in its bag and went back to the paper. I went straight to the reference room, filed the doll under my arm. What is he looking for? I want to know if you've got anything in the files and someone named Karanana. I spelled with a K or a C. What's funny? You seem amused. Don't tell me he's around again. If you've got a lead on Karanana, you've got some stuff. Oh, would you give me the clips on him?  He's in there. Anthropology? Why? Who is he? The devil. Karanana? Of course, an almost forgotten myth from Asia. Lucifer on earth wearing out one body after another, walking the earth always. I remember it now from college.  I think I would have given up the whole thing then. But always at the point of going home to bed or of chucking the blasted doll in a can. The face of the girl in the morgue blanked out her other thoughts. When I reached Washington Square it was dusk. The sidewalk artists were packing up their canvases as I passed them all but one, that is. He was a tall, angular man with a completely bald head whose four or five paintings had the advantage of a streetlight. The man paid no attention to me. Until at the sight of one painting, I stiffened another shock. What's the matter, friend? The stuff that bad? That one. The one of the girl. It's a woman with a doll, I call it. Like it? Who's the girl? Do you know her? Tell me! Sorry, I'm selling oil paintings, friend. I'm not a dating bureau. No, no, no, no. You've got me wrong. I've got a good reason for asking. Look, I'll prove it. Here. Here. Isn't this the doll you painted with a girl? Where'd you get that? I haven't seen Hazel in weeks. She left for the coast. I gave her that doll to pose with. What's wrong? Hazel is dead. Dead? Where is she? If I tell you what you promised to say nothing for a while, I'm a reporter for the blade. My name is Will Harper. I won't say anything unless I believe you have something to do with it. Where is she? I'll take you to her. She's at the city morgue. An hour later, we had come out of the morgue. Oh, cousins, it's simply nodded at my questioning look. Seeing the girl again, knowing her name, now added to the emotions I already felt for her. I had a sudden impulse. We handed the artist Hazel doll. Giving you the doll? No, no, I want it back. But I want you to tilt it. Make it cross. What did that sound like to you? What did you hear? The doll said, Caranana. You heard it too. Say that name again. What did you hear the doll say? I distinctly heard it say, Caranana. Then I'm not crazy. And do you know who Caranana is, Mr. Cudden? I'm afraid I do. The most fantastic coincidence I ever encountered. Why? Do you know who Caranana is? Medevo, Lucifer, Satan. Quite. I think we'd better go to my place and talk this out. Certainly if what I think is true is true. No one will believe us. What do you think? That Hazel was murdered by Caranana. I followed Bo Cudden silently along the dark streets of the lower city. His long legs led us finally to a dingy, narrow, fish-fowl street where we climbed an outside stair to the loft of a warehouse. You're in love with her, aren't you? An amazing circumstance being in love with someone you met. Too late. I could have loved her, yes. I met her at our emission house. Conceived the idea of painting her with a doll. Somehow that seemed right to me. Go on. Well, we worked here for three weeks on the painting. I paid her enough so that she could go to California. A dream of hers. One night as we walked the streets nearby, Caranana appeared. Caranana? Yes, Caranana. Or a man who calls himself Caranana. The devil or the human form of the devil. However you choose to think. There can't be such a thing that the devil is just a myth. Is it? I met him in Istanbul eight years ago in a cafe. Did a painting of him. What's he like? Squat, massive man, ape-like. As I painted him, he admitted to me such crime that I could hardly hold my brush. Squat-quat. He made his living a professional murderer. Very discreetly, very cleverly. Very effectively. Why didn't you turn him in? Really, no. I liked to take and to live. He was so pleased with the picture I made and gave him that he told me anytime I needed to rid myself of some embarrassing person, he'd be around. Lucky you, but who'd believe that story? We do, Willie. And that's the important thing. Do you have any spare cash? Why? I have about a hundred and fifty dollars. If you could make up the difference. I think we should claim Hazel's body and give the child a decent burial. I fixed it up with Jackson at the morgue. And at three that afternoon, both cousins and I, plus two grave diggers in Simeon Cemetery, were watching a bright new casket being lowered into a new grave.  He cometh up and is cut down like a flower. He fears as it were a shadow and never continues in one day. In the midst of life, we are in death. Thanks, Paul. I like her too, Willie. Very much.  Wouldn't you rather go now?  I want to talk to you. I've just gotten an idea. Paul, I know how to make things come out even for Hazel. I know how to get Karinana. And I will be very glad to see that you're buried next to Hazel here. I see things a lot clearer now if there is a man named Karinana, as you say. I think he's human. And that's an even chance. Maybe Karinana isn't the one that I'll find out. Do you want to help? In any way, it's rather being discreetly disposed of. Yes, swell. Karinana said he'd do a little job of you whenever you wanted him to, right? Yes. Then you get in touch with him and... Sorry, Willie. My merchant's death is unreachable. He shows up when he wants. All right, I'll wait. You've got a murder for him to do. I have. Who? Me. That was a week ago. An exciting week for me, covering all sorts of stuff in the paper. I began to think full cousins was an imaginative phony. Even my editor McGrundy had stopped kidding me about Hazel's doll perched on my desk. Then this morning at 9.30, I got a call. Morning Blade, Willie Harper. What's up? Did he say where? I didn't know where exactly when, or even if I could get the drop on the devil and force the truth about Hazel out of him. I stuffed the doll into a bag and started out, but McGrundy caught me. Harper! Woman shot through the back of her head. Blank solitaire, 147 Parkway North. Husband with her. Run out on him, phone it in. When I hit the lobby downstairs, an unaccountable chill got me in the small of the back. Something made me stop short and turn around. It was my first look at Karanan. He was leaning against a phone booth, a heavy, set, ill-shaped man whose arm sloped weirdly from his neck into a heavy stump. He was eyeing me impassively. The game was on, I knew. I grabbed a cab to get my story just in vain. I phoned the stuff in from the cigar store across the street. When I stepped out of the booth, Karanan I just bought some cigarettes. He turned to me as I froze, waiting. Some murder crisis, Peter. Yeah. I do know. I get a, um, murder a hobby of yours. No. It's strictly a business. So long. That's the kind of thing that went on all day. McGrundy kept me on the hop and no matter where I went, Karanan was there ahead of me. Afternoon, I got to my room long enough to pick up my Luger pistol and the license I've got to carry it. He was waiting for me when I came out. Better put it in your inside coat pocket. It shows on your hip. Be seeing you. It's a quarter to three now. 15 minutes. I mean, I hasn't moved from under that lamppost in two hours. I'm not waiting. I'm not waiting another minute. I'm going to meet the devil and have it done with. He doesn't move. Well, a bullet to it. Can I trek him into admitting Hazel's murder?  Well, here I am. Yeah. I see. What can I do for you? It's almost three o'clock. You know you're right. Time sure flies. Well, time for me to get on home, I guess. Yeah. Well, time for me to get on home, I guess. So long, Willie. It's a trick. A fiend's trick. He's deliberately leaving me with only a few minutes to go. I've got to stop this. I can't go through it. I'll go to Bo's place. I'll tell him to call it off. I don't want to die. I don't want to... Bo! I was running for your place. You might be down this way. You look scared to death, and you should be, I guess. I've got a high bone. Let's beat it somewhere. It's almost three. Quick, cross the street, Willie. There's a broken down pier there. Pretty dark here, Willie. It was safe for a while. You certainly have worked yourself up. That's the doll you've got there. I don't know why I carried it. Glad you did. Got a gun with you? Yeah, my luger. Let me have it. You're two rolled up. Here. Good. Now be still a moment. Three o'clock? Yes. Three o'clock, Willie. Time for us to part. What do you mean? We are still personal, are you, Willie? Why? Maybe Hazel's doll can tell you. Your... The same water that receives Hazel is at your back, Willie. The time is free, and tomorrow you will be fished out with the doll under your arm. Your... Your... Farewell, Willie. Hazel's poor sweet child learned the same truth by accident.  Farewell, Willie. You shall take your... Stop him, darling! I said, stop the kid! I said, stop him! How's the head feel now, Willie? Better, Mr. McGrundy. Thanks a lot, Betty. My professional pride hurts more. Well, it didn't. You followed through like an old time on that story, didn't you, Shay? Yes, he'll do. How could I have taken you for the devil, Inspector Shay? I've been cold-worth. How did you know where I was going to be in all that? How come you're on hand at the end? Well, I cover the morgue, Willie. When a young guy suddenly decides to claim a nameless call, it's time to follow up on it. Now, you seemed okay, but cousins turned out to be wanted as a professional killer. So you tagged me to get to him? Sure. He was after you, no doubt about that. Oh, there's your doll, Willie. Yeah. Look. I tilt the doll and... Nothing happened. No sound. Must be broke. I guess she doesn't have to speak any more, Mr. McGurny. I think the doll is dead. Want to buy a doll? Mmm. I'll sell it to you, but there'll be the devil to pay. Take a tip from Willie Harper. There's no romance at the morgue. You'll find nothing there except cold, hard figures. Sorry, I've got to skip along now, but I've got a date with Hazel's doll. She promised to help me in a grave situation. I've just got to dig up something for next week's show. I think if we work at it long enough, we'll turn something off, don't you? Mmm. Good night. Pleasant dreams. This is the United States Armed Forces Radio Service, the voice of information and education.