In this video, we are going to discuss how to prepare hallow arenas by electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. So as the name suggests, we are substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom to give hallow arene. But the interesting thing is that the halogen like chlorine or bromine is not sufficiently electrophilic to react with benzene. This is because from this halogen alone, generation of an electrophile like Cl+, or Br+, is actually difficult. And that is why we need the assistance of a catalyst like a Lewis acid like FeCl3 or FeBr3 so that it can form a complex with a halogen atom to form a much stronger electrophile. Benzene can react with this stronger electrophile and produce the desired hallow arene. So let's now look at the mechanism of this reaction. As we mentioned before, for the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction to take place, we need a very strong electrophile and that can be achieved with the help of the Lewis acid. For example, here we have bromine atom and in the presence of a Lewis acid like FeBr3, it can form a complex like this which is Br2, FeBr3. Now what makes this a strong electrophile is the weakened bromine-bromine bond and a partial positive charge on one of the bromine atoms. We know that bromine is an electronegative atom and it does not do well when it has a positive charge attached to it. It has to lose its positive charge and acquire electrons which makes it behave like a very strong electrophile. Now in the next step where the electrophilic attack by benzene takes place, the pi electrons of the benzene attacks this bromine and forms sigma complex as you can see here. Now remember guys, this formation of the sigma complex is a rate limiting step. This step is strongly endothermic because it forms a non-aromatic carbocation. In the last step, a proton is lost and aromaticity is regained. Here FeBr4- has a negative charge and the bromine ion here acts as a weak base and abstracts this hydrogen atom from the sigma complex. And this removal of hydrogen atom restores the aromaticity and gives us the final haloarine. And in this process an acid HBr is produced and our catalyst FeBr3 is regenerated. Now because in this step aromaticity is regained, this reaction or this step is actually exothermic. And the overall reaction is exothermic by 45 kJ per mole. Now chlorination of benzene also follows the same mechanism and works in the presence of Lewis acids like FeCl3 or AlCl3. Now iodination of benzene or substituted benzene requires the presence of an acidic oxidizing agent like nitric acid. This is because reactions with iodine are usually reversible and we need to oxidize iodine to generate the electrophile which is I+. Now here nitric acid is not a catalyst but a reagent because it gets consumed in the reaction. Lastly, we cannot use this method to produce fluorocompounds because of the very high reactivity of fluorine. Now this high reactivity of fluorine makes it very difficult to control the reaction. So this is how haloarines can be prepared via electrophilic substitution reactions.


5.01 we will start the May 24th meeting of the community television of Santa Cruz Board of Directors and I guess secretary if you call the roll. Sure. Chair Launay. I am here. Director Maziarz. Here. Director Hall. Here. Director Mannheim. Director O'Driscoll. Here. Director Shaw. Here. Director Gutscher. Here. Director Granados. Director Warren. Here. Chair Launay are you there? He looks like he's really... Who's vice chair? That would be me. Alright. Give him another moment. Oh wait, he's disappeared. I can call for oral communications in our chair's absence. I will ask if there's any person who wants to address the board during oral communications. Must be directed to an item not listed on today's consent or regular agenda. Must be within the jurisdiction of the board. Is there any member of the public on this meeting? I don't see any. Alright. So we can move on to item number three consideration of late additions to the agenda. Additions and deletions to the consent and regular agendas. Are there any from the board? Looks like Director Gutscher has something. Yes, I would like to ask the chair if we could move item 10, the oral report of the executive director up to the very first item. I mean, yeah, up to, I guess it would be, I don't know how you do this, 5A, but not in the consent agenda or in the regular agenda. Acceptable with the board. Does any board member have any objections to that? All right. Well, if everybody agrees to that, then let's make item, sorry, you said it's item 10. We'll make it item 5A. I'll inform our chair if and when he returns. But not part of consent, right? It's just, okay, all right. That's on the regular agenda. Okay. It should be 5Z. 5Z. 5Z and let it be. Okay. Or 5Z, as my Canadian friend would say. So I guess we can move on to the consent agenda then. There's items four and five. Item four is to approve the board meeting minutes of April 26, 2021. And item five is to approve the finance committee recommendations to accept April 2021 financial reports. Do we have any comments from the board on the consent agenda? Yes, Director Gutter. I hate to do it, but there's a statement in the minutes that I don't understand what it means. I think it's just a typo. Let me see if I can, I didn't. It's near the end of item seven. It says Director Hall thanked Executive Director Hall and would like more time to think about before sending to Governance. So I understand, I know who Executive Director is, but even when I replaced that with Read, I didn't exactly understand that sentence. I think it says, as I have to go look, but I think it's supposed to be Director Hall thanked Executive Director Read and would like more time to think about before sending to the government's committee. Right. Committee at the end is missing. Yeah. I wasn't sure what that before sending, to think about before sending, what? The item. Talking about the speech thing, the speech item, excuse me, really hate speech. Okay. I can clarify that. I can update that to I'll go back and look at my notes. That was a big item. I always hate to bring up a change in the minutes, but that's definitely not clear. Thank you. Thank you very much, Director Gager. Did any other board members have any other comments? Director, Finance Committee Chair Hall, did you want to comment on the Finance Committee? No, things are actually working pretty well right now. We're happy to say we watch it. The committee consists of Chair Linye, Tom Mannheim, myself and Keith, that we watch it just for your information. We haven't been there. Mel Sweet who does our accounting attends. The only significant thing here was we ended up with two rent payments. So our rent payment category, I won't get it all the details went up and it'll be going down when it gets to normal. But so far we're within budget. We're doing pretty well. And there are quite a few things going on in terms of broadcasting the county meetings and the city meetings and mostly the city meetings as with closed captions.  So anyhow, things are considering where we were a year ago. I could just say hooray. Fantastic. Yes, Director Gager. I'm sorry. So I think it's important to note that the PPP loan was forgiven. So it's moved from the balance sheet to the income statement. I did notice that. So those funds actually, oh, well, we already had the funds, but then the official forgiveness of the loan came through. Great. Well, that's good news. And the EIDL loan is still in process. It'll be for a while. Hopefully by this time next year. I think we said that last year. And if anybody who doesn't remember that's an SVA loan, has very little interest. And we thought we'd keep the loan in kind of a background position in case we needed it in emergencies. And so far the process has been rather amazingly slow. So hopefully nobody ever needed these things had any emergencies. That's it for me. Great. Thank you. I did also just wanted to comment on the minutes. I mean, the items on the agenda again this month to talk about the hate speech. But after the meeting, I tend to do a little review of myself. And I realized I have an unfortunate tendency after presentations to just dive into my questions. So I wanted to take the opportunity to acknowledge Becca's, our Executive Director's presentation, you know, Director O'Driscoll and I think Director Mannheim. Others did comment on it and give it praise. But I feel like I was remiss in not acknowledging the work and the attention and care that went into making that report. So I just wanted to say that I also really appreciated it. And I thought Director O'Driscoll really well summed it up. But I will echo what you said about how concise it was and yet very thorough and profound. And it looks like our chair is reconnecting. So I can hand back the gavel. While you were gone, we appointed you to... No. Let's see. He may not be with us. Yeah. Right. Welcome back, Chair Lanier. I've been acting as chair in your absence. We are on the consent agenda now. We've had some comments from our Finance Committee members. And I was just thanking Becca for her presentation from last meeting on the hate speech item. So we haven't had a motion yet on the consent agenda. So I will hand back the gavel to you if you are ready. But you're muted. You're muted, Director Lanier. Chair Lanier. Okay. Sorry. Okay. And we are resuming our meeting of the May 24th, 2012 meeting of the Board of Directors of Community Television. We had some technical difficulties. We are on a different Zoom address now. But I guess I'll have the secretary call the roll again if you don't mind. Sure. Chair Lanier. I am here. Director Maziarz. Here. Director Hall. Here. Director Manhunt. Director O'Driscoll. Here. Director Shaw. Here. Director Gudger. Here. Director Granados. Director Warren. Here. All right. Okay. Vice Chair Maziarz. I will ask your help in...  I don't have a printed copy and I'm unable to call it up just yet. If you don't mind calling those out. So we have consent agenda. You're muted. All right. I was using my space bar to unmute. But then if I go over to Acrobat, then let me just unmute myself here. The office is pretty quiet, right? Okay. Okay. So I'm unmuted. I'll try not to sneeze. So item two is oral communications. And we called that previously and there was nobody from the public who wanted to address us. Okay. Item three is consideration of late additions to the agenda. Additions and deletions to consent and regular agendas. And previously director Gudger had requested that we make item 10. The executive directors report the first item on the regular agenda after the consent agenda. So he recommended five Z. And as acting chair at the time, I had approved that. So if that's okay, nobody did concur. And then we moved on to the consent agenda items four and five to prove the board meeting minutes of April 26, 2021. And five to prove the finance committee recommendations to accept April 2021 financial reports on item four. Director Gudger had a correction to the minutes on the item about the hate speech report. It was director Hall had asked, well, director Hall was listed twice instead of executive director Reed. And about asking to come back to the board before sending it to the governance committee. And our secretary had agreed to make those changes, acknowledge the error. Our finance committee chair had given us a brief rundown on the finances that we're doing pretty well. Director Gudger mentioned that of note on the financial statements is that our PPP loan was forgiven. And so those funds are now moved to the balance sheet as income. Is that correct? Director Gudger. From the balance sheet to the income. Okay. Thank you for clarifying that. And then I won't repeat my whole, but I just had wanted to comment on that, the hate speech report that, you know, I wanted to acknowledge director Reed's report and how thorough and yet concise it was as director Jiskl had mentioned at the time and apologize for diving straight into my questions without acknowledging the effort and time and care that went into making that report. And I think that catches us up. We didn't have any, we hadn't had any action yet on the consent agenda. Okay. And I'm back up. Thank you. Thank you for that recap. Sure. I've got it. Okay. So no action on the consent agenda yet. We've gone through it. Do I entertain a motion to approve the consent agenda? I'll move approval with the minutes amended as mentioned. Okay. Second. Do we have a second? Second. We have a move to approve. Director Gudger moved to approve the minutes with the corrections as noted. And was that director Shaw? Driskl. Oh, Driskl. Second. All in favor? Aye. Aye. Aye. Okay. Aye. Moved and approved. We'll now move to the regular agenda and we have moved up the executive director's report. And so Becca, I will turn it over to you. Okay. Thanks very much. This is my report for April. And in the category of finance, our 21-22 budget and work plan was approved by the board of supervisors. And we are being considered for the California relief grant in round six. We're eligible for $15,000. We keep getting pushed around. And I believe it is because we got the PPP. So I think they've just put us on the end. And we might never get it. But we are eligible still. So I keep filling out the forms. The EIDL, as Joe mentioned, our status is funding. And we have provided recently the final banking information they need to actually send us the money. And right after we did that, I got a message from our SBA person who's, I guess, I don't know what they're calling him. He's our account executive for a better note, for lack of a better term, that she had been transferred somewhere else. So we don't know. She said she would try to keep up with our file until it was finished. But you might haven't heard anything from her or the SBA since I tried calling and there's just a busy signal.  But we won't give up. We've provided them every single bit of information that they've asked for three times. And I expect they will finally fund us at some point. In the co-working center, our breakeven number, as you know, is $8,333.33. And in April, we earned $8,655, just a little more than we needed. We are about 15.5% ahead of our budget at the end of April. So that's good. We're ahead. And tours are picking up now. We got two new members this week. So I think by when June 14th rolls around, we'll probably get a lot more people in. We have a lot more activity and things are picking up. So we think things are only going to get better. Under paid services, we did 20 government meetings in April and eight webinars. And that will probably pick up as budget approaches. There'll be a lot of meetings in June and then nothing in July. But there'll be plenty in June. And under facilities and equipment, the roof has been repaired. We talked to the security company about a plan for cameras. And since this is my April report, that happened in April and it took them until made actually come up with a plan. Just so you know, we've got the plan now. We're working with the landlord. And it isn't expensive and we think we'll probably do it. Our telecast equipment, as I explained last time, it's gotten kind of old. And we talked about moving to getting a new system. And because we would have to update our old system anyway, and it's time to pay for tax support on those old pieces of equipment. So now is a good time to go ahead and change them out. Victor is working on a plan to replace that equipment and what will be needing exactly to modernize that system so that it works for us well into the future. And so hopefully we plan by next month to be able to show you that plan. And under the youth grant, so exciting, we've got our first round of beta testers. This was a really small group. It was only four kids. And they received their equipment in mid-March and they brought it back in April. Good as new, no problems. We have, I've got a little report on, we did a survey, which I attached for you to take a look at about, you know, it was only four kids, but they were all different ages. So that was kind of handy to have, to have that, those different age groups. And the, you can see from some, some of the, the 11 and 12-year-olds had really no problem. They were, you know, pretty much cable ready. They could use that equipment and had no issues. There were some, the 10-year-old had a little bit of an issue with something with like putting things like together. And I'm not sure whether that was because she had little hands or those things were just a little weird for her. But she, she did, she, she did not use iMovie. She used a, an app called Clips, which comes on the iPad. And she liked that better. So it may be the younger kids. And this is like a fine line because the 11-year-old had no trouble. And it could be just child specific as well. So we'll keep, we're going to do a bigger beta test and we'll find out more, but we have made some changes to the kit. We are now marking the tripod so that they can see how the plate goes in. Sometimes they put it in backwards and then dads had to come and blast it out of there. If you put it in backwards, it's really hard to remove. So they had to get help from their dads. And there were, we had put in a list of little videos that they could watch about this specific product and how it works just in case they forgot or couldn't, couldn't get a hold of their teacher. And I think that just got list, got kind of got lost in the pack. So we're improving that. We're making it big and laminating it and we're sticking it in there so they can find it. They had a little bit of trouble uploading their videos and I went and followed the instructions that we had given them and they were indeed wrong. So we have fixed the instructions and you could do it, but it wasn't exactly right. You had to use some of your own ingenuity. And so we fixed it now so it's very clear and we'll just keep making little tweaks as we go along. We're going to be sending 20 kits to Watsonville Parks and Rec this summer for their summer program. We've talked with Capitola and they're they're thinking it over. And we're still working with Save Our Shores to find some teachers. But we think that the next 20 will give us a lot better feedback because they'll be all different ages and a big age group like oh what are they like from the sixth grade through high school. So that's a lot of different ages and that'll give us a lot in because the Parks and Rec is going to keep the packs. They're not giving them to the kids. The kids will come in and use them. Then many more kids than 20 will be able to use the 20 packs. So we should get lots of feedback and this will be the acid test. And then we can tweak from there and then really really release it in a big way. So we're very excited about that. And my last thing oh on that in that category of youth grant. The youth grant committee has been really good about putting this together and kind of figuring out the equipment and tweaking stuff as we go along. And that has been they've done a great job and they continue to be to be involved as we move forward. And I had an opportunity to talk to the education committee about an idea and I want to I want to put it out there to the full board also. And the idea I've been thinking I know that CTV has many times tried to become involved with Cabrio and we haven't pulled it off yet. And I'm thinking that it might be a good idea to put a satellite studio there at the at the at the college. And we do have an education channel which could be devoted to them. And this would be of course they would have to develop a program. So we did you know this would take a long time to get going if we wanted to do it. But I think it is it would be an amazing legacy to leave behind if we were able to start a television program there or help to be to be a part to partner with them in creating a television program that people could learn that as as a as a career. And the Bureau of Labor Statistics says that film and television camera people and editors the growth potential for that career is 18% in the next few years and that is way faster than most digital people would even executives there are studies that show that people would rather receive information by video than read it which is kind of scary but it's true. So I think that hello Louis. I think that it would be an interesting thing for us to do and I would just like you to know that it's being thought about and I would love to hear what you think about that. And that's the final thing on my report is that we're opening the studio in June and we'll be we'll be back in business and that's that's my report for April. All right thank you. Just for the record since we moved that up is that item 5a or are we moving everything down just as we do the minutes. That was 5z actually. Or zed if you're Canadian or British. Okay thank you just to be clear. Thank you very much Becca and let's go on to the regular agenda. We have item number six report from the Education Committee and I'll turn it over to the chair David. Well certainly one of the highlights is Becca's idea and another highlight from our committee meeting really is Elizabeth's enthusiasm for the big change in her career is moving from teaching at Cabrillo to being an administrator at COE where illuminated us on some of the possibilities and I think that was that's really wonderful and I think all of the committee members really are willing to dig in our heels and support Elizabeth in those efforts. Reaching out to schools, reaching out to Cabrillo is I think a real highlight of what we discussed. We were delighted that Becca could join us in our committee meeting and talk about that. We did discuss what our outreach efforts will be and especially with Cabrillo and being a retired faculty person from Cabrillo I must say that I would be absolutely delighted if we could get a studio at the college and I think that would just simply be wonderful. And in the regarding those we are planning on reaching out and have kind of behind the scenes discussion with trustees from both Cabrillo as well as the OE around these efforts and just kind of test the waters. We had some also some discussion around a similar conversation with local funding organizations, community grant organizations and Christina had some thoughtful input regarding local funding and the areas that we could explore. There were also discussions around how we might be able to generate youth civic engagement and I volunteered to discuss or to have conversations with at least one of the board supervisors about such an effort but it's at very preliminary stages. And I think we all have empathy for the stress the teachers are going through right now and all of these kinds of changes and how we can support them and making some of these changes and Elizabeth seems to really have her finger on those challenges and what we might do. So that's kind of summing up. You have a report. I don't know if you've had a chance to look at it but certainly be open to your thoughts and ideas on it. Great. Thank you. Any comments or Elizabeth have any things they might want to add why please jump in. And Elizabeth I love your background. Yeah I like that too that's great. Thank you very much Director Warren. Let's move on we'll have a report from the Volunteer Advisory Committee. Sure. I saw Director Hall's hand up though. Yeah I just want to thank him. I think it'd be really exciting. Becca's asked any comments and David did. If we could finally make a connection with Cabrio that would be a long time goal that everybody's talked about. So it's easy to say go forth but I just wanted to say go forth. Thank you Director Hall. Great. So in terms of the Volunteer Advisory Committee we had a studio supervisor meeting in the packet. There's a couple of forms that we were looking at the studio supervisor and the producer having to fill out to try and keep everybody safe. As it looks like everything's going to be open June 15th we'll probably revise those forms. I don't think we're actually going to take people's temperature anymore. A couple other things may change in there. I probably get it instead of having a studio supervisor meeting have a full volunteer advisory committee meeting and see if we can get as many people involved as possible and and discussing what we're going to do. I don't know if anyone has any comments on the forms other than like I'm mentioning some some lightning up. One other thing I did want to mention I forgot it wasn't in Becca's report but she interviewed Supervisor Kearney and it's on Elected Spotlight showing Thursdays and Saturdays at 8.30pm and it's on the YouTube channel. So if she's up for it I'd like to rope in some more people. Larry I was thinking the next person might be the Mayor of Capitola. Sure you can check with her. I know I mean she's very proud of the city so I think she'd like to talk about it. We had her on a webinar for the library the Friends of the Library showing off the new Capitola library and she did a really fine job representing Capitola and that's why I thought of her. Of course it would be great to get the Mayor's of the other cities as well. Have we had the Mayor's of all the other cities? Seems like we had a couple Watsonville Mayor's. We've had a couple Capitola. We had one Scotts Valley. Yeah we did Scotts Valley. We did Santa Cruz but it's been a while. There's a new Mayor now. So those are all options. Yeah well we have an uncapitola in three years probably so it's a good time to do that. We did Mike Termini last. Yeah. I just had a comment if I may about the studio guidelines. The bit about no food. I know there were certain producers that you know that that was why you wanted to go work for them. They always had a nice little spread there so I don't know they're gonna have to give out gift cards to Chipotle or something to attract a crew at this point. Or maybe handmade masks or something I don't know. Hopefully they'll be resourceful and find another way to reward their crew. Well considering we're indoors I know restaurants are allowed to be open to somewhat 25% or 50% capacity. So I don't know when they're allowed to go to 100% but at 100% we probably can't have that restriction anymore. Yeah. I just want to make there are still some different rules between what the public can what you can offer the public and what you have to do to make sure employees are safe. There's still a little bit of a disconnect between the California rules and the OSHA rules. So as a as an employer and even a volunteer those are kind of the ones you have to really make sure you follow. And I think at this point what you're looking at here are what's in place. They haven't made changes to those rules yet. So even if even if the state you know opens up Cal OSHA still governs the workplace. So you just got to make sure you whatever we do that we treat because the volunteers functionally are employees from Cal OSHA's point of view. So we have to make sure we follow those rules. No I wasn't objecting to that. I was it's definitely it sounds like a prudent measure to take for sure. So I have something we can go to Cal OSHA's website and find out what their requirements are. You can't I they're actually they actually had a mean last week and kicked it off another week to for those rules. So but right now yes you can go to Cal OSHA's website and they have a whole frequently asked questions about COVID. I think it's about 80 questions now. Wow. Thank you. I'm done. All right. Thank you Director Guedger. Now we have I put it down as consider a Board of Resolution in support of SB 28 which is the Royal Broadband and Digital Infrastructure Video Competition Reform Act of 2021. Becca I will turn that over to you. You sent us out some things earlier in the week. We I know we sent some of the sent letters regarding this. It seems maybe Director Hall can speak to this too. It seems that we want to as a board you know state our opinions on this and and have it move forward. Why don't I I probably had a little more time today than Becca did. I actually went through the bill analysis and looked at this. First of all it's passed out of the a number of the committees with no no votes which was interesting to me. Our state Senator Laird has already voted on it once and I happened to see John Laird at an event in Live Oak over the weekend. We said if we wanted to do anything it's probably going to be on the Senate floor within a week. So probably anything we would want to do if we have any thoughts about this would be in the State Assembly because it's moving through the Senate at this point in time. But when I went through the bill I don't know have any of you actually gone through the bill analysis yet? I haven't I've taken a look at some of it. I haven't gone through it closely. It's pretty extensive. It kind of rolls back some of the things that were put in with Divca that the state can roll back. I was surprised. I thought it would be a lot more generic but what it does do is bring a little more local not control of as much but if a cable company doesn't actually provide the services that they promised to do this bill sets up a system with the PUC where this jurisdiction can go to the PUC. Now whatever the PUC does who knows but I think in terms of getting services to where they promised and not done this is probably a pretty good step forward whether it actually makes it out based on what we've read from Becca who knows but it's gotten out of a couple of the committees with no no votes which means there are some Republicans supporting it. So I think they probably have all heard about different needs and different problems and this may be one way to support it in kind of a very incremental way. Okay. Director Moseyhouse. For either Secretary Director Reed or Joe Director Hall in the email earlier in the week Becca I believe you said that the bill does include something about requiring cable companies to provide high definition feeds for public access. Did I remember that correctly? Yeah it's if they have promised to do that they're supposed to do it if they haven't done it already. Oh if they've promised but it doesn't require them to. They did promise they don't have to. I see. I see. But they actually Comcast has told us they would do that for us. We just haven't done it yet. Okay well hopefully when we get our new infrastructure the new equipment that'll make it more practical. Yeah well right now because of the way like it upgrades and it ups and downs the video our video would be a tiny thing inside a box because it would have been converted so many times so Victor doesn't want to do that. But with this new system we would make that switch. Yeah I've always thought it was ashamed to shoot this beautiful high definition footage in the studio and then send it out you know. For it to be down converted and then up converted. Letterbox standard def yeah. Yeah yeah the other thing that this does I think is that is interesting is that it it takes away there's an amendment there's something in the old law that says that the the cable company can never be called a utility and they're taking that out so they could they could but they're giving them places where if they they haven't said that's what they'll do but there's the option there and they want they think that the internet and they're calling it video is important because as COVID happened people needed it to get to their jobs they needed to be able to work online they need to be able to make vaccine appointments they need to see tele doctors and you can't they they're say they're making the case that you can't live in a 21st century without it and that they don't they don't build out enough of the rural areas where there are fewer people and or or lower economic status people then they are not really providing everyone and they think it should be everybody should be able to have it and it should be affordable for everyone so that's that is yeah and I think this is kind of the transition of cable from entertainment to life support now as opposed to that and there was a lot in there about how the cable operates in rural areas and how they don't collect and collect information it's a very detailed bill I was surprised when I got into it I thought oh this will be something I had different thoughts and after I got through it I said well this is a pretty major piece of legislation in California Keith did you have you looked into it at all I mean I read a summary of it like I asked Joe I wondered if it needs to go through the legislative committee of the DCC for further analysis yeah I I I think it would be interesting but for our group I would I would recommend we pass a resolution supporting it I think it'll serve rural areas in the state and to a certain degree in our county I don't think some of the things they're addressing are quite as critical in our county as they are in the Central Valley but still I think it would make a big change for the California in a positive way and I think the cable companies can probably adjust to this and still thrive in a very prosperous way so if nobody else will say anything I'll make a motion well I actually didn't want to add something if that's okay it was there was actually an article earlier this week regarding the one of the internet providers actually pulling out of well not maintaining rural infrastructure up in some of the fire areas that were so you know that was so important they basically said that they're and you know if you've been involved in IT the copper infrastructure they're just not going to maintain anymore so I think the more you know when we talk about rural we we do see this this is really kind of where the digital divide exists right now you know you know they're just not and so I think the more we can get in to make sure that you know if firm a or b decides they want to pull out the jurisdictions have the ability to get someone else in there and I think that something I think the if the board could support that I think it'd be very important so I just had a question about the port is it a point of order so uh I didn't see a text of a resolution attached to the agenda and maybe I missed it so are we just asked are we directoring our executive director asking our board chair to write a letter in support so we don't have to approve the actual verbiage well we can go either way I don't I I don't have any real particular idea on that I think a letter would be fine I'll be glad to write a resolution but I think either way they have the both both have the way to the board so it's up to the chair well the yeah we did not have a resolution already drafted the problem I think with the resolution is would we need to circulate it we we don't want to wait until the next meeting would we need to circulate that then and just can we approve it that way or just people sign on it I I think we just do a letter at this point okay well let's do that we can we can send a letter under or over the executive director and the chair's names on behalf of the board in support of this I think we have consensus here but we can we have a motion on the floor and I'll entertain a second director gudger well I'll second it but I want to know who the letters to it's going to go to the author of the bill and it'll go to our two local rep representatives similarly we're stone and state senator larry what about assembly member readers yep that's true too he represents the south end of the county so I can go to him let's put him on there too yeah and the other thing after we vote on this I have one other sense of direction too and but I'll talk about that after the motion okay so I second it all right we have a motion and a second to send a letter communicating the board's opinion or the board's feelings on SB 28 I believe it is double check that the rural broadband and digital infrastructure act and it'll be signed by both the chair and the executive director on behalf of the board and I guess let's call a roll on this yes um chair or I'm sorry director driscoll yes director Shaw yes director hall yes director maze yours yes director warren yes director gudger yes director lorette yes chair cheerlain yes thank you great and um joe um just one other thing I thought it appropriate and I'll be willing to do a few phone calls that if the chair and the executive director we might want to meet with assembly member stone since this probably by the time we get to it this will be out of the senate so any committee work that needs to be done would be done in the state assembly so I thought it'd be good for us to we may not be able to meet with him but we at least have a meeting with uh his district director to let him know our support and ask if there's any other flexibility points they can put in that might help santa cruz county okay great that's a good idea um good in terms uh in terms of the letter too don't worry okay that's why I was gonna say in terms of drafting the letter if you would do that and then we can take a look at that and send that out thank you very much director hall um we move on now to number nine this is a continuation of the discussion we began last month on the rules and practices regarding to hate speech folks wanted to think about it a bit and come back and discuss it anybody wish to um thoughts director majo chair lanie um I actually don't have any additional thoughts but I I just did I did recall that director granados had requested some time to think about it and so I don't know if if she would appreciate being part of this discussion I don't know if we want to discuss it now or or or table it till our next meeting um but I'll see what the board says yeah you're right she had asked about that um I think that's a good point and I would I'd be willing to um table it we don't it's not it's important it's not you know time urgent uh really but it's something that we can um work on so if the board agrees I think let's put that off another month and we can discuss it again everybody okay with that okay thank you um we have already had the oral report of the executive director so we'll move on to um oral report of the board chair I don't have a formal report I just wanted to point out that we have one vacancy um on our board now and we have one will be coming up in November director manheim will cycle off and we may have um forgive me I forget director gudger you were you had mentioned we might have another one um coming up anyway my my point is just that we um sort of put our minds of thinking about the composition of the board we have a really great board right now and um continuing that so as we think ahead towards who might be nominated who would like to be on and maintaining a um diversity of and a mix of geographical areas um and age and background and and things like that I think is important for our board I'm prompted by some of these thoughts by one that we've got some opportunities to get more people on the board and two um the contra-tomp over the o'neill odyssey case where there was some um controversy over the makeup of the board and some unpleasant feelings there I think I don't think we have anything like that on this board we have a great board and I just like to keep it that way so if we think ahead towards how we would like to um have folks join us that's the the size of my report any comments all right um board members staff requests for specific items to appear on the next meeting's agenda we have one which will continue item number nine about rules and practices regarding hate speech any other thoughts for the agenda next meeting all right any announcements you know thoughts on the next meeting and not announcements I would leave a little time for the hate speech discussion uh just you know if there are a lot of other things uh you know you as chair can decide how to to do it but uh that's going to take a while no matter what what we say or do or think about okay yeah good point I'm making a note of that and we don't want to yeah we don't want to rush through it and take it we do want to take it seriously um all right and hi we are to that point of the afternoon the adjournment I will indicate a motion to adjourn so moved by director gudger second I'll do second all right director all all in favor hi hi thanks everybody for persevering um through our funny technical things and um we did it we made it back so nice to see you all thank you we'll um thank you thank you all right bye bye bye


thermodynamics is a part of physics. Thermodynamics has to live peacefully with other branches of physics. It turns out that many quantities defined in other branches of physics, many concepts, laws which are available in other branches of physics are used by thermodynamics without questioning them. For example, the laws of mechanics, the laws of fluid mechanics, the laws of electricity and magnetism, the laws of gravitation. These are all accepted by thermodynamics as true because they have been developed by other associated branches of physics. Such things which are defined in other branches of physics and used by thermodynamics are known as primitives in thermodynamics. There are many sciences from which thermodynamics derives its primitives. For example, geometry. From geometry we will be using the concepts of length, area, volume and all the properties of length, areas, volumes and other geometric identities which we have derived, they are accepted in thermodynamics as true. They are primitives in thermodynamics. We will not be defining them again. From mechanics, we will be using ideas of velocity, kinetic energy, potential energy and any other thing which is needed. From electricity, we will be using charge, current, voltage, electric power, etc. There are two ideas which lie on the border lines of primitives and concepts of thermodynamics. These two ideas are work and energy. Both are defined in other branches of physics. Work is defined in mechanics, fluid mechanics, electricity and magnetism. Energy is defined in almost all branches of physics. We have various components of energy. So these two will form the links between other branches of physics and thermodynamics. And we will be redefining them in thermodynamics. By doing this, we will see to it that we are not disturbing their characteristics as discussed in other branches of physics. Thank you.


Hi everybody, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com knocking out another pick your team break of the brand new 2021-22 Panini National Treasures basketball. Pick your team too. Fresh case, full case, big thanks everybody who got into the action. I appreciate it. Let's get our printouts here, hot off the presses.  That's always appreciated here on Wednesday. Han ended up with LastBot Mojo, got the Hawks last before we pulled the remaining teams out for those RNBs, the random number blocks. A filler, a different way to try to get a break full. So thanks to the people who bought full spots, thanks to the people who got into these randomizers here. We did those in separate videos if you're looking for the actual video of the randomizer, but here are the results. That's the Toronto group. Here is just a two teamer right here, Cleveland and Sacramento. That's my side over here. And then this one is just a three teamer right here. There you go. Nice. You might find some interesting things for the Nets there, Adam. There's the checklist right there. You can check it out. All right. Good luck everybody. We've got one printing plate per box as well. I'm going to use this blank card right here to slow play the hits a little bit. First one out of the gate is DeMontes Sabonis Sacramento Kings Edition. 36 out of 75. Kings are a number block team. That's the Cleveland Sacramento one, which is to my left. So if you're not familiar with the number blocks, we go by that digit right there. So Kings six, that will be for Jeff. The plate is for Boston. That is Aaron Nesmith. Celtics part of the Laker Celtics Bucks group. And that is for Carl. Carl. All aboard the Big Hit Express. There's Porzingis Jersey Treasures 14 out of 99. Mark with Washington. Nice letter right there. 19 out of 25. Isaiah Jackson. I'm sorry, Miss Jackson. That will be for Jeremy H and the Pacers. I will indeed, Tim. I am going to the National. We'll be there next week. Nice. He's a magic man. 17 out of 49. Magic Johnson, little Laker Joe Mojo. Who's got Lakers seven. That's going to be for Gretchen. There you go, Gretchen. Kate Cunningham. Two out of 25. Jersey and autograph. Clutch factor Jersey and auto. Detroit picked up straight up by Joshua Edelitz. There you go, Josh. Yeah, I think Mike Tower and some others were noticing earlier that the bigger hit seemed to be in the middle, which I kind of like. I like that they're not on the bottom, which I feel like there could be more opportunities for, for issues. That's nice. Josh, thanks for getting the piss in straight up. Oh, we were just going to miss each other, Tim. Oh, we're close. We're close. So a lot of opportunities. Jersey Treasures 83 out of 99.  Cleveland. This is for you. Cleveland three. That's going to be for Gretchen. Cleveland three. Campbell Walker. Game gear relics 75 out of 99. Nix. That's going to be for Wayne. Although I don't know why they put the two autos on the bottom right here. This should be the two relics on the bottom. Jerry Lucas, 23 out of 25. That's also for Wayne and the New York Nix. And back here is Jonas Valenchunis. 21 out of 25. Pelicans. That's going to be for Matthew and the Pells. Next box. I'll actually be around on Monday. All right, box two here in Pick Your Team two. Justin's asking, do I like ripping NBA or NFL NT? Well, I personally like ripping both. Any national treasures is awesome. Baseball, football, basketball. Bradley Beal 90 out of 90. I suppose NBA does have some of the bigger hits if you get the right RPAs. There's Mark with the Wizards. And the plate. James Harden. Brooklyn Nets. James Harden. That's Adam Harper and the Brooklyn Nets. There you go, Adam. Adam. Out of fives and under. All aboard the Big Hit Express. We've got Jason Tatum 64 out of 99. Century. Relic for the Lakers Boston Milwaukee Number Block. Boston four. It's going to be Carl. One out of 25. Al Harrington Retro Materials. Nice three color relic in there for Wayne and the New York Nix. And we've got Lassing Legacies. Karis Levert. 17 out of 25. Cavaliers. Cleveland. This is for you. Cleveland seven is going to be for Carl. And there's Joshua Primo 23 out of 25. I like that sort of magenta foil on there. That's In Koo with the Spurs. Nice patch. 18 out of 99. Dwight Howard. It's Orlando edition of Dwight Howard. That's going to be for Brian. Isaac Acoro 34 out of 99. Another one for Cleveland. Cleveland four this time. Cleveland. This is for you. Cleveland four is for Carl. We got four out of 25. Kobe White. That's Sean Tong with the Bulls. And the last one here is Jalen Johnson. Three out of 25. Autograph for Han and the Hawks. Last spot Mojo strikes again. 70% of the time. It tends to hit 100% of the time. All right. Halfway through this full case break. Next one. Good luck. 21 out of 75. Triple J. Jaren Jackson Jr. Memphis Wen Shun with the Gris. The plate. One plate per box is Mr. Wendell Carter Jr. Sean with the Bulls. And a train whistle. All aboard the Big Hit Express. Fred Van Vleet. Gain gear 19 out of 99. That's part of the Raptors number block group. So that goes to Toronto 9. It's on this side over here. That's Gretchen with the number 9. Nice Joe Ingalls. 11 out of 25. Treasured Threads. Trailblazers edition here. Trailblazers part of that Toronto group. So Jingles 1 is going to be 4 for Gretchen. David Robinson. Nice. Treasured Signature. 7 out of 25. The Admiral. Going to Inku and the Spurs. Redemption. It is nice. Rookie material autographs quad. Your NBA Rookie of the Year. Scotty Barnes. That's for the Raptors. Toronto 0. Gets any and all Redentions. Toronto 0s for Carl. Your reigning NBA Rookie of the Year. You got Patrick Williams 56 out of 99. Tremendous treasures for Sean and the Bulls. Colossal Relic to Iran Sharp 10 out of 99 for Adam and the Nets. Lasting Legacies. Matt Bonner. 15 out of 25 for the Spurs. Nice lasting legacies Relic and Otto. Old Spur going to Inku. And the final one here is Taj Gibson Clutch Factor. Jersey and Otto. 9 out of 49. That is Wayne with the New York Knicks. Final box coming up. We got another picker team in the store. That has where we pulled the team. The remaining teams are pulled and we turned them into those random number block randomizers. So check that out. If you buy a full spot you can win a full spot as well. So a chance to buy one, get one. And with a little luck we might get another case of NT done by the end of the night. Jaspyscasebreaks.com for watching live. Thank you. Alright final box. Good luck everybody. Fingers crossed. 91 out of 99. Lugans d'Or. Sean Maddock. Sean M with the OKC Thunder. The plate is for the T-Wolves. Jaden McDaniels. That goes to Toronto. Phoenix etc. etc. a number block group. Minnesota 1. It's going to be for Gretchen. And 1. And all aboard the Big Head Express. Alright next one. Evan Mobley Relic. Jumbo rookie material 35 out of 99. Cleveland this is for you. Carl with Cleveland 5. 24 out of 25. Chris Paul. Nice old New Orleans. Chris Paul. That will be for Matthew. We go by the city here. I'm never in Charlotte. Or was it? Definitely New Orleans. So Jaden Springer is your rookie patch in Ottawa. 62 out of 99. Nice color. Nice patch. Philadelphia. Sixers are a number block team. So that goes to Philadelphia 2. That's on this far list here. Yes. Philadelphia 2. Carl. Zaire Williams 22 out of 99. Memphis. Wen Xun. Oh redemption. Redemption is John Moran. Clutch factor signature super prime? Wen Xun. What is a super prime? Let's go to the checklist. CarboreConnection.com. Clutch factor checklist. Super prime. One of one. Wen Xun if you redeem that send us a picture. Tag us on Twitter at Jaspie's Breaks. I'd love to see it. That's awesome. And Wen Xun. All aboard the Big Head Express. Super prime. Alright we've got James Book Knight 21 out of 99. Yeah that'll be a few dollars. That's for sure. Charlotte. That's going to be for Gretchen. Got Charlotte straight up. And then I guess if we follow the pattern these should be a couple autos right? Yes. James Weisman 23 out of 49. Gretchen with the Warriors. Missed him the entire season but I think he had a nice summer league. And we got Steve Kerr. James Weisman's coach 45 out of 49. That's player Steve Kerr and that will be for Sean Tong. And the Bulls. Yeah he did have a nice summer league right Nicholas? Nice.  No randomizers here. Just a nice clean break of NT basketball brand new release. Just dropped today. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us. I'll see you next time for the next basketball break. Bye bye.


Okay, so now I am just going to paint for a little while and just enjoy. I've got 30 minutes before I meet my husband for sushi. Yay! All right, here we go.


Salaam from the People's Dispatch studios here in New Delhi. I'm Siddharth Ani and you're watching The Daily Debrief. We have a lot to get through on the show today. We're keeping the intros to the absolute minimum. In our first story, China and Brazil have reached an important deal to move towards bilateral trade in their own currencies, ditching the US dollar as an intermediary. The deal enables the largest economy in Latin America and the second largest economy in the world to conduct their massive volumes of bilateral trade, which topped the record 150 billion US dollars last year, exchanging yuan for reish directly, ditching of course the intermediary US currency. The Brazilian Trade and Investment Promotion Agency released a statement saying the move is expected to reduce costs, promote even greater bilateral trade and facilitate investment as well. A preliminary agreement was reached back in January this year, which allowed the announcement to be made at the high-level China-Brasil Business Forum in Beijing, despite the Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva being unable to attend after contracting pneumonia. Praveer Prukayasar, Editor-in-Chief of NewsClick, is with us in studio to discuss the implications of this historic deal. Praveer, good to have you with us in studio. Another major announcement on the trade front from a sort of internationalist perspective, Brazil and China coming to an agreement to use the yuan by passing the US dollar as the currency for their trade. China is Brazil's, as we were mentioning, biggest trading partner and the two countries doing close to $150 billion worth of trade annually. So a major development. Yes, and I think also it shows a trend that if your major partner in trade is China, both in terms of exporting to Brazil, exporting to China and Brazil importing from China, then obviously why should the currency be dollar and not yuan and not, for instance, the Brazilian currency? So what is the role of reserve currency in this case? Because ultimately what you're really negotiating is the difference of import versus exports. Otherwise, the rest of it is really balancing the books, so to say. And I think this brings us to the question, what is the role of reserve currency? And unfortunately for the United States, it became the reserve currency because in post the Bretton Woods Agreement, US dollar was pegged to gold and it was really gold standard by the dollar which was then the world's global standard. And once in 1971, it goes off the gold standard, the US goes off the gold standard. Dollar has become the reserve currency without being pegged to anything except to itself. So therefore what happens is this works as long as it is the shall we say the largest economic heavyweight in the world. Now increasingly when it comes to trade and it's external account that is important when you talk about reserve currency, the external account is still 1990, US was the biggest trade partner of about 80% of the countries in the world. Today 80% of the country is only what 1990, I think up to 2000. Only about 20 to 30 years down the line, China today is the biggest trade partner of 80% of the countries in the world. Therefore the role of the reserve currency vis-a-vis China trade is obviously weakened at a time when China itself is going off the dollar. And of course it still is the biggest holder of dollar reserves in the world but slowly reducing the dollar reserves it holds. Now that is linked to the Russia, Ukraine, NATO war that is going on. We have termed it as Russia versus NATO war which is being fought in Ukraine. So I'll come to that little later but the larger current is that the biggest trade partner for most countries in the world today is China not the United States. Therefore the Yuan playing a bigger role in as the currency for trade and still not the reserve currency is emerging. Now this does not mean that the reserve currency for the world will still not be the dollar. It will still continue to be the dollar at least for the foreseeable future because there are a lot of other consequences if Yuan wants to become the reserve currency of the world which I don't think China is willing to do at the moment. So that's a longer conversation again we won't get into. But having your trade fixed in not the dollar is a consequence really of the Ukraine war in which the European Union led by the United States under United States leadership decided to sanction Russia. They called it sanctions from hell and it will ruble, it will become rubble. Rubble has actually strengthened. It has also meant that a large number of transactions in the world remember the swift system was under US control. Large number of transactions have gone off the swift system because they can't trade with Russia using the swift system. So all of this meant that the role of dollar has reduced in the world and I think this is really a sign of that. We'll also have seen Saudi Arabia, other countries wanting to trade with China in Yuan. We have seen India trading with China with Russia but in dirhams. So you could see multiple currencies being used in the trade. So this sign of yes the dollar weakening as a reserve currency but it still remains as the preeminent currency and let's not forget that. So we should not underestimate the United States and the dollar nor overestimate. I think both things have to be taken together. With that sort of financial or at least currency sort of scenario, from a sort of geopolitical perspective, does all of this indicate a shift, not maybe towards multi sort of polarity but regional agreements and regional understandings becoming the way in which countries kind of negotiate, not just trade but also the movement of other things, people etc. Well this is of course inter-regional because Brazil is in Latin America and if you see trade between China and Latin America, most countries in Latin America have trade, the largest trade partner is China, which is really again a shift for the last 20-30 years. So this is really inter-regional but you're right, regional forces are coming up and they think that if they have to trade among themselves, why should they go via the dollar? Again, that brings us to the question, what is a reserve currency for the world? And if that role brings within the threat of sanctions and therefore should they therefore designate their trade in dollars or not? Dollar designation has the consequence, this is what the United States claims, that if any trade takes place in dollar, that means at the end of it the Federal Reserve is involved and therefore it's a transaction under U.S. law. So the issue is not dollar alone, that's why I'm saying it's not simply the question of reserve currency, it's a question that therefore any trade, any agreement signed in dollars brings it under U.S. law and therefore at any point of time U.S. can say you violated my law in this particular way and therefore you can now be held liable and I can penalty on you. So also designating contracts in dollars therefore brings with it a risk. This happened for the French Czech Alstom group which was penalized, its senior official was jail and so on and ultimately Alstom was forced to sell its boiler division to an American company, combustion engineering, the boiler company over there. So these are the consequences of having your agreement signed in dollars. So I think countries are aware of this kind of risks and therefore slowly designating trade agreements between themselves in a currency which is not the dollar, which is not transacted through Swift. So out of U.S. monitoring as well as out of U.S. control. So these are the things why it is happening at the moment and as I said if your main trading partner is not the United States then of course it becomes much easier and therefore you will also see the increasing reliance on currencies other than the dollar from both the oil countries as well as countries like India for example or countries like Turkey who write therefore like for instance a certain number of agreements to be out of U.S. per view. In the case of India obviously Russia, oil as well as military arms etc. which are all essentially being transacted in either third currencies or each other's currencies. I think this is an obvious issue for most of the world. Given the kind of sanctions is free that the U.S. has gone I think there is something like 6,000 to 8,000 sanctions. No, no I may be completely underestimated. Maybe it's much larger but you can check the figure out. It's a very large number of sanctions they've imposed on and we have a map that in news click we show which shows that how many countries they have sanctioned, the U.S. has sanctioned and therefore it's not surprising that countries are then not now to designate their agreements or trade agreements in dollars. Thanks very much Pabir and as we spoke earlier we'll have you back on the show tomorrow so looking forward to that as well. Next up in another first, former U.S. President and frontrunner for the Republican Party's nomination for the 2024 U.S. presidential elections Donald Trump will be the first former president to face criminal charges after the sealed indictment was issued in relation to an investigation over payments made to porn star Stormy Daniels as hush money. On Tuesday next week Trump might face the prospect of being processed before being taken into custody and appearing before a Manhattan court. This is of course like we were saying a historic first in the United States and a development that could have a significant impact on an already divided nation. Anish covers the region for People's Dispatch and joins us now via video conference. Anish, just before we started recording you were sharing your more candid observations on this indictment. We won't get too much more into it but as a reporter who's been covering the story and looking at the various sort of issues that have come about both during Trump's regime and after of course January 6 being the foremost among them what was your initial and immediate sort of reaction response to seeing the indictment? And what exactly is this unprecedented criminal indictment actually? What does it mean? Yeah so there are multiple things to look at in this thing. First of all we do not exactly know what will be the specific charges that Trump will be indicted on because what we know so far is that he had given what the media calls hush money to a former adult entertainment star and this was done right before his election and during his election campaign so that she doesn't divulge more information about whatever their relationship they had a decade ago. So this comes under several laws of corporate fraud probably or maybe like campaign fraud at best. So in many of these like even if it's charged for any of these charges or under any of these legal stipulations it is not going to be as grave in the sense that it may not attract a jail sentence even if he gets convicted. But more importantly it is how the prosecution takes this case forward that is going to be more interesting. We need to wait and see what the specific charges are and that will be once he surrenders and gets ready for the indictment and that will mean that he will get arrested and be taken into custody. And that means that he may not be able to campaign currently or maybe take up like an early campaign for the next year's election. Whatever said and done of the three sort of cases that are going on against him this is probably in terms of gravity of the crime the least of you know the least in its you know the graveness of the sentencing orange you know the kind of charges that are there. The second question that obviously comes is whether or not he will be able to run for president. The thing with the United States system is that it does not have any kind of provision that disqualifies anybody even if they get criminally indicted. There is the only form of disqualification that the US electoral system allows for somebody from running from president is if they get convicted for insurrection or rebellion against the state and that's a very specific thing that was created right up to the American Civil War to keep all the you know the Confederate soldiers and fighters and commanders from running for the highest office. So nothing has changed since then and what we have right now is that even if you know Trump gets convicted and that is a big if in itself even if he gets convicted he can still continue to run for president he can even win the election and serve as president unless he goes to jail. So even there the legal you know loopholes that we're looking at we're not very clear what would happen if he were to be imprisoned during his presidency but that's a different question altogether. All right Anish we are running a little bit sort of behind time on the show today so we'll jump straight into the next story which is of course also eventually concerning the United States but principally Maying Zhu is the first now Taiwanese or the highest ranking Taiwanese official president or former to visit mainland China since 1949. What are the sort of what is the background of this visit and what are we hearing from it as well. Yet it's quite significant considering the direction that Taiwan has taken under the presidency of Tsai Ing-wen in the past several years now and the fact that Hukumintang former president Hukumintang leader somebody who is still widely respected in Taiwan has taken this step to actually not only visit China but to meet the Taiwan Affairs Council there and also to you know keep himself open for further meetings with higher officials which may not happen considering the political sensitivity behind that on both sides of the streets. But nevertheless the fact that he made a statement that he's open to any kind of meetings very clearly indicating that he is open to even visit President Xi Jinping shows that there is a great deal of work happening on at least on the side of not just Hukumintang but also a certain section within Taiwan who does not want to continue tensions with China. We have already seen with size so-called transit through New York on her way to Guatemala. There is a Guatemala in Belize there was a protest that happened in Taipei led by workers movement and progressive smaller groups but nevertheless significant social movements in Taiwan and the fact that they took out this protest you know called out size administration for you know provoking and stoking tensions and provocations and also for betraying what quote unquote betraying the country. So because obviously we have seen so far even though she has not made any statements by herself the Xi administration and the DPP at large heard the ruling party have always taken a sort of very soft position towards separatist movements within Taiwan that have called for and so-called independent Taiwan separate from the very identity of China even though it is very closely tied to China's history and politics. And this is something that is continuing under her administration and that is something that the KMT is strongly opposed to and obviously a big section of the Taiwanese society is also opposed to even though you have a very vocal pro independence or pro separatist group within the country. So in that sense this is a domestic political story that has quite significant you know global or geopolitical ramifications as well. So just very finely and as quickly as you possibly can give us a sense of how you know the various other parties at play particularly the US what role they are playing in the entire situation. The US has definitely taken you know taken to a point where it will play for a place for all of these provocations against China and we've seen the manner in which they have been tight-lipped about whether or not the House Speaker will be meeting with Tsai Ing-wen on her way back to Taiwan through Los Angeles and that only shows how they're just trying to push the boundaries of provocations to the point where it does not actually become a conflict but nevertheless that is what the US has done. But as we have spoken about this before this is also as you pointed out a reflection of domestic politics and a change also happening on the ground. Recently local elections were swept by the opposition led by the Kuomintang and they are obviously this is the second such visit from one of their leaders. So they are definitely pushing not only for a national campaign to come back to power by next year but also to create a discourse that does not play into sort of US-led provocations against China. Alright interesting sort of set of difference there and hopefully like what is developing into a major flashpoint through this electoral sort of process can come to some kind of resolution alright. Thanks very much Anish for all the updates today and for your time and with that we also will bring to a close this episode of The Daily Debrief. As always thank you very much for watching you can head to our website peoplesdispatch.org for details on all of these stories and the other work we do. I will be back for our last episode of the week tomorrow same time same place until then goodbye.


Okay. Okay. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to the course PC 309 on urban church planting. We're going to take a moment and then we will want to pray and then we'll get started. Could somebody please pray with us and then we will get started in a while. Anybody could pray? Please go ahead. Thank you for this beautiful day and beautiful time, Father God. In your presence and going through all these classes, Lord, as we are going through this particular class, urban church, God, we ask you, Lord Jesus, as we are learning, as we are pursuing through your work, God, help us to understand, Father God, help us to be with you, Lord Jesus, Father God, so that we can get the things which you want us to get. Father God, we submit, Pastor Asis and all the students to your mighty hand, Father God, be in your being so that we will be in your presence and God. And do what you do, Father God. Thank you. We submit the whole thing to your mighty hand and we ask you to pray in Jesus' mighty name. Amen. Amen. Amen. Thank you. Thank you. Alright, so we've been talking about the various stages of growth and development in our course here on urban church planting. Let me just share the PDF. So we're still in lesson number 14, growth and consolidation. We were just explaining, you know, different things that we have to look for as we start pioneering a work and then we're talking about different stages, you know, what happens as that work grows and how we, as leaders and along with the team, how we need to continue to grow the work or nurture the work. Yesterday, we were focusing mainly on stage two, which has to do with the organizational administrative or structural stage. These are just, you know, terms we've given to show what would be the main thing that we need to focus on as we transition. And some of the things that we were talking about yesterday was how God leads us to birth new ministry, you know, as you're pioneering the work and you're getting started. Of course, there will be things that God has put in your heart as a leader and maybe in the team and the initial team. But then God can also, you know, God will surely also send people with different gifts and calling and you recognize them. You know, maybe you create opportunities for them. You let them, you know, take charge of various ministries. So that's how the ministries will happen in the local church that you're pioneering. You yourself or maybe the few leaders with you will not be able to do everything. So you have to, you know, recognize the people God is sending and welcome them and give them the opportunities to do it. The last thing I just wanted to mention or emphasize here as we are moving into this structural stage of the organizational part, things are coming in place, is always think about creating a reproducible model. That means, you know, whatever you're doing in this church that you are pioneering or the ministry that you are starting, created in such a way that it can be easily reproduced or replicated if the Lord leads you to plant more churches or, you know, start branches of that ministry. And typically when we see, you know, when we look at a city, we said, you know, the cities are so big that just one church plant is not going to, you know, serve that many people. You would need many church plants in the city or same thing with the ministry. And then not only in that city itself, but you could also, you also have the opportunity of replicating other cities in that country or other urban centers. So with that in mind, trying to create a reproducible model. That means what you're doing here as you're pioneering the church to be easily replicated in other places. And if, you know, so for example, the way we have been able to do it here in Bangalore is, of course in the initial, initially we started one location, but then it was very easy for, you know, we then planted, you know, one in the south and then later one in, in Bangalore, which was another city is not too far from Bangalore. And then we also did one in the north, that not part of our city, Bangalore. And later on when we wanted to start one of the east part of our city, one of the west part of our city, it was very easy. We just, from the core team, that was from the people who were in the central church. He said, okay, this team, you go and start in the east and here are some of you, you go and start in the west. And they just knew what to do because they just replicated the model, replicated what they were already doing. They just went, the team that went there, they just went in and did exactly the same. That's how we do everything. So it was so easy. And today we kind of maintain some sort of a model, a certain way of doing things across all of these six locations, five in Bangalore and one in Bangalore, we follow the same thing. Now, of course, these are all English congregations, English speaking congregations, so we are able to do that. But the point I want to emphasize is, whatever you're doing in your first church plant or in the ministry that you're starting, do it in such a way that it can be replicated, reproduced. If there's a team of people going from here, they just are very clear in their mind how we are supposed to do this and it can be reproduced. Now, I'm not saying it shouldn't be adapted into a new place. Of course, you can always adapt, but at least you have a good starting point. You've got some good lessons that you've learned from the initial work, which can be used reproducibly in other locations that are similar, like for similar congregations to church plants. So think about that and if you can make it very clear in the minds of people, then it can be easy to reproduce. And we will talk a little bit later about a new church plant. So now we move to the third stage. So as you have started raising up, giving some structure to what is happening, the next stage is to build leaders. So you are now thinking about team. So starting from the past total level. So initially, pioneering, you were there and there was a core team of people with different skill sets who were supporting and everything. You're pioneering. Now, you went into the organization stage, you're seeing new ministries come, the work is beginning to expand very good, but you need to reproduce leadership at all levels. Starting from the pastoral team and the various teams that are there, you need to raise up more and more leaders. Now, depending on where you are doing this pioneering work, the dynamics of what is happening can be different. For us in Bangalore, in the city of Bangalore, for us what we have noticed is our church or the people in our congregation are very mobile. They don't usually stay in Bangalore for a long period of time. A lot of them, let's say, they would come in here as maybe as college students. They would get a job, they would start working, they would get married, and then shortly after that they would relocate. Most of them would travel overseas. So our congregation has been, we've seen that through and through. So numerous people have come in, they've been developed as leaders, and then they go somewhere else. They go to some other parts of the world, which is a good thing. I mean, it's a good thing for them, for their lives and their future, and they are able to serve in other parts of the world, which is wonderful. But that also means we've got to constantly keep developing leaders at all levels. For example, even those who are part of our pastoral team have moved to other parts of the world. So we'll have to raise up our new people as part of the pastoral team. We've then leaders in different ministry areas. For example, there were people who are leading marketplace ministers. One moved to Australia, one moved to Paris, and now there's somebody else leading it. And then we don't know what will happen, and maybe they may move, or whatever. The different ministry areas, leaders are developed, they move. So you'll constantly keep developing leaders. Now, if all the leaders paid at APC, we would have huge, huge numbers of people and lots of things happening. The dynamic is different here. We have a constantly, upwardly mobile, professionally moving people, so which is good. They get trained, they get equipped, they have experience, they have a wonderful experience, and then they move to different parts of the world. But in this stage, your goal is to raise up leaders. And at all levels, so at the pastoral team level, you have to look for people that you want to be part of your pastoral team so that you can have more than yourself, more than one person, you know, ministering and teaching and doing the pastoral ministry. Then you need leaders in various ministry areas. You need leaders, even in all of the volunteer teams and so on. And you need to create this opportunity constantly developing leaders. Now, this is not easy, right? Because definitely you need to have leaders you can trust. You need leaders who when you entrust something, you know that they will do it well. They will be good stewards. They will be faithful to the church and the congregation and the people. And so it's not always easy. And then, of course, you need to be able to provide feedback to the leaders. You need to be able to, you know, correct them, nurture them, so on and so forth. So it's not an easy thing, but it is very important. So your role as a pastor becomes more of nurturing as many leaders as possible and letting them do the work of the ministry in caring for the congregation and so on. Of course, you will have certain amounts of work to do care for the congregation. The people, but more of it is being done through the leaders you are developing. And your focus is on developing the teams, the leaders. And so you're moving more into, you know, what people would prefer to the senior pastor role or that kind of a role where your goal is to nurture more leaders. Now, I'm not spending a lot of time here talking about nurturing leaders. You know, you have a course on Christian leadership. I think this semester or next semester, forget that you will focus on, you know, the whole aspect of Christian leadership.  You also need to change in your emphasis what you are doing. Your goal will be, I need to raise up more leaders. And like I said in an earlier class, I think, you know, look at leaders at different age levels. So what helps for me is I think of a set of leaders who are in their 40s. Another set of leaders who are in their 30s. Another grouping of leaders who are in their 20s. So you're intentionally developing leaders, you know, at various age levels. So that, you know, they will mature, they will rise up into higher levels of leadership in what's happening and always have a pool of leaders that you are developing. Okay. So before I just jump into the next stage, number three, any questions on that? Any thoughts, any questions there? Questions? All right. Let's move forward. So from that stage, as a leader and as a team that's overseeing this work, you transition into an equipping stage. Now, of course, when you move into a new stage, remember you don't stop doing the things you were doing before. That means, you know, whatever, the good thing, the foundation you laid in the pioneering, those kinds of things will continue. What you did in the structure, the organizational stage, those ministries, the ministry that you started, they will continue. Then the leaders you've developed, of course, they will continue. But now you, number stage number four is where the whole congregation is being mobilized into ministries. Now, that means it's not just about the church planting team. It's no longer about the senior pastor. It's no longer just about the leaders, but now it is about the entire church being mobilized, being equipped, being encouraged. So you're now changing. It's changing now. So the goal, of course, this is what God wants, right? He wants God wants the whole church to come into that place of maturity, where all the things are equipped to do the work of the ministry, to build up the body of Christ. And so you begin to think of in those lines, it's not about just the leadership doing ministry. How can we get more people involved? How can we get more people mobilized for ministry, men and women? How can they serve within the church? How can they serve outside the church? How can they go on missions? And just do the things that God has called to do. So the goal is to get everyone involved, everybody in the church. So you need to begin to equip the people that way. And then you need to create opportunities that way. And believers begin to minister. Believers are encouraged to minister. How would we do that? Some of the things that we are doing, because we don't stop the stage. We're still engaged in this. For instance, we do weekend schools. So every month, one Saturday, we do weekend schools. And we repeat these topics on ministering, healing and deliverance, on lifestyle evangelism, on understanding the prophetic, on the gifts of the Spirit. We keep on repeating it throughout the year. And we just keep it open. So some people will come and attend. Sometimes they will attend two or three times. But what we are telling is, look, we want to equip every believer in all of these things. We encourage you to come. So believers come and they are equipped. We create opportunities for people to serve in the church. We create opportunities for people to go out on missions. So they go out on missions. We just restarted and resumed our missions work. Just last week, there was a team of three people. They traveled to one of our three churches. They were ministering there. Young people. And they came back. And then, you know, other mission trips are planned for this year. And then more will happen next year. So we just restarted the mission. But moving church people.  Whoever wants to go. And the people are beginning to step in and begin to go out. So the goal now is the whole church is being equipped to engage in ministry. Ultimately, believers will be ministering to one another. And to the world outside. So it's missions happening. The whole church catches the vision for missions. And everybody is excited, you know, of being involved in missions. They are willing to go out and share. So that's the equipping stage, right? So getting everybody involved in what's going on. So this will come over time, right? It's not going to happen the first year or the second year. You know, and there is no set timeline for all of these things to happen.  And how do we move them into the next stage?  We, you know, we just calling it an apostolic stage. That means now you're going to expand and step into new territory for the kingdom of God. That means you're going beyond. So the initial church plant may have been for one particular region. But now you're saying, okay, let's go beyond our own region. Let's go to other cities. Let's go to other cities in the nation. Let's go across and beyond our own nation. It's reproducing the work in the region and beyond. So that's an apostolic mindset. So now we create that in the mind of believers. So believers are also thinking and they're also ready to go to new places. You know, they're not saying, okay, I just want to stay here. This is a nice place. No, they're thinking in terms of, hey, how can I take what is happening here? Take it to a new place where this is not happening. Take it to a new place where the churches need it. Take it to a new place where, you know, God's people need to receive the word. So the whole church is thinking like this. They're thinking they have an apostolic mindset. They are thinking in terms of gaining new grounds, taking new territory for the kingdom of God. Through what God is already doing in this place. So that is a great place to be. If the work you've started reaches stage five and is really strong here. You know, that is a good thing. That's a good journey to make. And from there, you know, it's constantly growing. And a work that is constantly growing and reproducing itself will always keep thriving. It will never die of wine because it's reproducing itself. It's constantly growing. There's always that life that is happening in that church. So ultimately think about becoming self-sustaining, financially stable, and also in terms of leadership and people that are being developed. If that is happening on an ongoing basis, that is amazing. Any thought, any questions so far? All right, a sequence, Christopher's question. So please explain second Timothy chapter three, verses 16 and 17. So any particular part of this verse that you want to explain, Christopher, the offer of proof and for correction. Yeah, so the word reproof simply means to give evidence or conviction. You could use another word for the proof as conviction and correction.  So the word of God serves for doctrine, establishing people in the right teaching, doctrine for the proof, which is to give them conviction in their hearts about what is right and wrong, what is of the spiritual truth, conviction, and for correction, just get them back on track. So that is part of what we need to do constantly. So through every stage of what we're doing, we're ministering the word. And as the word is being ministered, it will serve different purposes in the lives of people. It will establish them in God's truth, doctrine. It will establish them with the conviction of the truth. It may correct people. It also teach them how to live right inside. And then people are equipped to serve God, to do every good work. So the ministry of God's word is very important. Anything else? Any other questions so far? Okay, class is very quiet today. Let's go forward. Fine. So we talked about different stages of growth and development. I think the point I would want to emphasize is that as a church plan, or as a person pioneering or leading the pioneering work, you need to understand or discern where the congregation is and keep moving them into the next level. Keep taking them up. The tendency is for people to stay comfortable where they are, especially if you've reached stage two or stage three. Everybody, okay. Yeah, everything looks good. I think they're happening. That's very comfortable. To stage four and five are the uncomfortable stages.  Oh, that's very disturbing because everybody likes comfort. We can come and sit here nicely and let's enjoy the worship and teaching. But the moment you say, hey, we've got to equip you to do the ministry, that's really uncomfortable. And then apostolic is, guys, we need you to leave. We need you to go out. We need you to think of taking new ground, impacting new things. That's again really uncomfortable. So really stages four and five are uncomfortable. So as a leader, you need to gently move the church from stage to stage and intensely direct the work and effort to the ministry to growing the church into an apostolic church. Lesson number 15. So now this is kind of a continuation of the last point of the apostolic stage where you can think of multiplication and branching. And hopefully every work you pioneer, whether it's a local church or a ministry, will multiply, will branch out, whether in the city or across into other cities and towns. But then for that to happen, what must you do? You've got to equip people. Remember, it's going to be through people. Without people, you cannot have additional congregations. So equip people. Envision them. Let them know that they can do the ministry. They can preach. They can teach. They can do it. Send out church planting teams. Empower people. Let them go out. Let them do it. And send them out. Now for new church plants, there are many ways you can do this. You can set up or you can encourage people to plant churches. You can build the plant churches that function completely independent. That means they're on their own. You just support them, help them get started and function independently. Or you can have a model where you function as one church with many congregations. That's kind of what we are doing in Bangalore. It's one church with many congregations. And as the Lord leads, we could plant more congregations. Or you can use the satellite campus model where, you know, it's one pastor who's preaching through connectivity, through connection, live streaming across many campuses in the city. That also is possible. But, you know, we chose not to do this here, the third one, because we felt that doing the second approach would give opportunity for more people to participate, more leaders to be raised and so on and so forth. So we intentionally chose a model where every church has its own associated pastor and teams and people are leading. So we can have many more leaders raised up. The satellite campuses that here just one person preach in all the campuses, the emphasis too much on that one pastor. If one is wrong, we just chose not to follow that model. So there are many options in which you can have multiple churches in the church plant in the same city. You find out what works well for you, how the Lord leads you, and then you can plant additional congregations in the same city. Then you can also think of planting churches in other cities and towns. Again, for this to happen, you have to equip people. And for us, the Bible College has become a major way by which we plant churches in other cities and towns. Every church that we have started across India, outside of Bangalore, is pasted by somebody who studied with us here or was trained with us here. So that's how we plant churches. We choose not to adopt churches, but we choose to equip people and then they go out and they plant churches. So again, we do the same thing. We equip the people. We do this to our Bible College. We envision them, then we send them out. And then we, of course, we give them the option. You can work as, you can set up as an outreach church. You can be a part of APC. So it'll be APC called by that name of that city, whatever. Or if you want to go and start your own church, work independently, that's fine. You know, we can help them do that as well, release them to do it. However they want. So all our outreach churches are churches that carry the name APC, APC by the name of the city. That helps us, of course, when people ask us, you know, do we have a church here that we just pointed to that particular church in that city? So we can plant churches in other cities. And then, of course, there is a system for oversight and nurture. So every month, all our outreach passes, they connect online. That usually happens on the third Saturday of the month. So we all connect online. And of course, Barton and Sieg oversees them. And so they have a time for fellowship. And then once a year, we bring them all to Bangalore. They come and then we spend time together again in conference in the word of God in prayer and so on. Then from here, we send people into all these churches to minister. So there's a lot of spiritual oversight and nurture that we give to all of these churches that have been planted in other cities and towns. So they are strengthened. They are empowered. Of course, they are all financially supported from our church here in Bangalore. So we help them financially and they grow. So you can think of what model works for you. But the point is, when you have pioneered a church, the goal is to grow it and then see how it can be reproduced in your own city and also in other cities or towns across the country. Okay. Any questions so far? Everybody with me so far? Any questions? Okay. So now we have journeyed through the natural aspects so far. That means starting from, you know, we talked about doing a survey of the place to how do you go about getting in there? What are the things you look at in getting your work started?  How do you reach out to people? What are the strategies you can have for evangelism in that area? How do you, especially if you're in an urban setting, how do you equip people to impact or influence the seven steers, seven mountains? And then also how do you take that work, which you started, into further stages of growth and development? And then how do you branch out and plant more churches? So we went from doing a survey all the way to planting branch churches. All of this we talked about from a practical side, a practical way of doing things. And there are various things that go into doing it. Now we are going to transition. We're going to move into a totally different section, which is the spiritual side. What are the things you have to look at spiritually?  That's the practical side. But then there is a spiritual side to the church planting, to growing the church, to nurturing it and going forward. So we will get into the spiritual aspects next week. And then after we cover that, we go on to the third section, which is the personal life of the person who's going to pioneer. I kept that purposely towards the end because hopefully when we close this course, you will, you know, that would be the most important thing. That is, how do I get myself ready to be a pioneer? Somebody is going to start a work and because that requires certain, you know, certain preparation so that you can be ready to start the work. So I'm going to pause here for today and we will pick up next week and talk about the spiritual aspects of pioneering of church planting. How do you do that? What are the things we do in the spiritual side when we go into starting a work? So we're going to close in prayer if there are no questions, no comments. We will close. Everybody okay? All right. For those of you who may be planning, you know, maybe your plan is that after you finish, you know, your time of study with the Father College, that your next step is to start over, maybe plant a church or maybe start some kind of ministry. I want you to look at this section that we just gone through, you know, from chapter one till this lesson number 14, the practical things and then see how you can work through it for the ministry or the work that the church, that you want to pioneer. You start working on it, start thinking about it and say, like, this is what I can do and, you know, start praying over it. And then when you get in the spiritual side, you start working on the spiritual side as well. Okay. May I request somebody to please pray and then we will close in this. Somebody to pray with us at the time. Thank you. Anyone? Dear Heavenly Father, we pray to acknowledge what you mean. Thank you so much for this opportunity. We are praying at this point. We are praying. Thank you for leading us through all this class. Thank you for teaching us all the wonderful insights, Father. Thank you for each and every moment of your divine knowledge and leading Father. Thank you. I pray for the life of Pastor Ashish. Through him we are being blessed Father. Thank you so much. And thank you for every good things in our life. Let this all teachings remain with us through the end so that we can serve you and with you for the Father, according to your Holy Spirit. Thank you so much for this, for everything. And I give all glory and honor to your Holy Name. Thank you so much. I ask this prayer in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Amen. Amen. Thank you. Thank you so much. God bless you all. Thanks for being in the class today. See you again soon. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you. God bless you.


The city of Pikeville is in the process of acquiring funding for what is known as the Bob Amos Master Plan. The purpose of the project is to add various new attractions to the park that will allow for more outdoor activities suitable for all age groups. Pikeville residents will also be able to make their own suggestions for what else to add to the park. We're working with a landscape architecture firm that did some planning for many parks around the state. For example, the Kentucky Children's Park in Lexington is a big one. And you know, they do things that blend in well with nature and just activities for different age groups. And so the purpose of this master plan is to look at the park and try to figure out what amenities and attractions we want in there in order to best serve the citizens and visitors that we have just to give them various activities they can do outside. When my baby was born, it was magical. And as she grew, having a hospital close to home with advanced healthcare and specialized physicians being there along the journey was important. And along that journey, many special doctors touched our lives.  Pikeville Medical Center caring for every moment in life. Some potential additions already planned for construction include a new dog park and indoor climbing facility. Decisions will be finalized after reviewing additional data and input from the public. Once we get input from the public, I would say it'll probably take another month or so to compile that data and then make some final decisions of what the master plan itself will look like.  And then it's a matter of making decisions as far as which of these things can we fund ourselves? You know, are there grant opportunities to go after other funding? Just the time frame of when it's all constructed will depend greatly on just when we can find the appropriate funding. Reporting for Mountain Top News, I'm Nick Colm.