Uniform continuity, equivalent ways in terms of sequences, every continuous function on a compact set is uniformly continuous. Here is one more example of continuous functions which you may find is useful. A function, you may come across these things in some other courses. So, let me introduce that. A function f from a domain D in Rn to R is said to be Lipschitz. Mathematician who first gave this definition, so goes by his name, is said to be Lipschitz if for every x, y belonging to the domain D, if I look at the distance between the images, that is less than or equal to some alpha times x minus y. So, we have got the distance between images of any two points is bounded by the distance between x and y for some constant alpha. So, sometimes one says it is Lipschitz of order alpha or does not matter actually, some power sometimes, but this is a simplest kind of Lipschitz function you can think of. So, claim f Lipschitz f uniformly continuous, is that ok? Because it directly gives a measurement between distance between f x, f y and x and y.  Either way you can look at it and say this is a class of functions which is uniformly continuous. There are many other useful results because the domain is compact. So, let us say f is from D contained in R n to R n. So, let f is 1 1, D is compact. Domain is compact and the function is given 1 1 function. If the function is 1 1, then on the range there is a inverse function available. Every 1 1 onto function has a inverse from the range to the domain. So, that function is normally called f inverse from the range f of D to D. So, what is the inverse function? x point x goes to y. So, inverse function is you bring y back to x from the range back to the domain. So, you can think of as composition of these to be identity map. f composite f inverse is identity map on the set D. The claim is continuous if f is continuous. So, what we are saying is if the domain of a 1 1 function is continuous, then the inverse function automatically is a continuous function. So, let us prove that. So, what is to be shown? So, let y n converge to y in D in f of D. I want to show inverse function is continuous. So, what is the domain of the inverse function? That is f of D, the range. So, take a sequence there y n converging to y, so that the image converges to the image to show f inverse of y n converges to f inverse of y. So, that is to be shown. So, what is given to us? The domain is compact and the function is continuous. So, from the range, somehow we have to come to the domain because something about the domain only is given and how can I come back? Because y n and y are in the domain, they should be the images of something in the, they are in the range. So, there should be image of something in the domain. So, let us write that. So, let x n, x belong to D such that f of x n is equal to y n and f of x is equal to y. So, x is the pre-image of y and x n is the pre-image of y n. So, now x n and y n are x n is in the domain, x is in the domain. So, now, since x n belongs to D and now where comes our compactness? D compact implies there is a subsequence, a subsequence of x n. See, how compactness always gives you nice properties. x n such that x n k converges. x n k will convert somewhere. x n is only a subsequence. Converges somewhere, let us call it as say x 0. In f continuous, we will imply what? f of x n k converges to f of x 0. But what is f of x n k? That is y n k, because x n is the pre-image of y n. Where does y n converge? We are given y n is convergent to y. So, that implies what? y n k, so that converges to y, because y n converges to y. So, what we should have? On the other end, it should converge to f of x 0. And this y is equal to f of x. Let us also write, actually this is y. So, what we want to show? We want to show f of x is equal to y. So, what we have gotten? So, implies f of x 0 is equal to y. This converges this, this also converges to y. So, we have gotten this. Can I say x is equal to x 0? Can we say x is equal to x 0? I know f of x is equal to f of x 0. f of x is equal to x 0, but function is 1 1. We are not used that fact anyway. Note f of x 0 is equal to f of x, because x n k converges to x 0. Continuity implies f of x n k will converge to f of x 0. But this also converges to f of x, y is equal to f of x. What is y? y is equal to f of x. So, these two are equal. So, implies x is equal to x 0, because f is 1 1. f is a 1 1 function. So, x must be equal to x 0. So, what we are saying? That y is equal to f of x. That is what we want to show. So, hence f inverse is continuous. So, it is a continuous function. So, that is one consequence of saying it is… I think I should make a remark. You should try to remark that d compact cannot be removed. So, what does that mean? In this theorem, we had the condition that d is compact. That condition, if the domain is not compact, even if the function is 1 1, inverse need not be continuous. So, try to construct an example. Otherwise, in the tutorial class, we will discuss it. What more one should say? I think enough of uniform continuity. Let me also come back to the concept of connected subsets of R n that I said we will do it later. So, I think this is the right stage to look at connected subsets in. So, recall. Let us just, because we did it some time back. So, let us recall a subset x contained in R n is called connected. I am just recalling if x does not have a separation. So, what are the meaning of saying x does not have a separation? That means x cannot be written as A union B, A B non-empty, A and B separated. If a set can be written as a disjoint union, it can be partitioned into two parts. Not only partition, if that is a separation, then we say the set is disconnected. If no such thing is possible, we say it is connected. The typical example was that of an interval. Interval is a connected subset of the real line, because whenever you try to cut it into two parts, one part and the other part will be disjoint. You can cut it into two parts, but they will not be separated. Separated means not every point has a neighborhood which does not intersect the other set. Keep in mind neighborhood in R n. We said this is also equivalent to saying that there does not exist any set u, which is not empty, which is proper subset of x, u both open and close. So, this is equivalent to saying that there does not exist any subset of x, which is both open and closed. Because if it is both open and closed, this set and its complement in x will give us a separation, if not, certainly a separation. But one thing I should make it slightly more clear, which may not be that clear. What is meaning of saying u is open in x? u is a subset of x. So, u open in x is same as saying it is v intersection u v open in R n. It is part of the part of an open set in R n. For example, if you take a set which is open interval saying this is an open set, I can say it is an open set. If I look it as a subset of R real line whole thing, but can I say a part of it say this is 0 to 1 and let us like it 0 to 1 by 3. Can I say 0 to 1 by 3 is open in 0 to 1? Yes, but supposing I close it here, I take the close interval. Now, can I say that 0 to 1 by 3 is an open subset of the close interval is open in 0 to 1. It is open in 0 1 close, but not open in the whole thing, because I can write this as an intersection of bigger open set, intersection 0 to 1. So, that kind of thing you should keep in mind. Saying something is open in a subset means it is intersection of an open set in the whole space with that set. Let me say why? Let us just illustrate this a bit more. I am saying that 0 to 1 by 3 is open in 0 to 1. What does that statement mean? Let us elaborate it more. If I want to go back to this and look at in terms of interior points, so for every x belonging to 0 to 1 by 3, what should I have? I should have a ball around this. So, there exists. So, if x belongs, then let us look at say minus 1 to 1 by 3. Intersection with 0 to 1 is a subset of this point x belongs to this. Not this one. Let me just write slightly more better. Let x belong to this. Then x belongs to say minus 1 to 1 by 3, obviously. So, here is 0, here is 1 by 3, here is minus 1. But I can still say x belongs to minus 1 to 1 by 3. Intersection, if I look at this intersection with 0 to 1, which is a subset of 0 to 1. See, what we are saying is whatever be the set in R or in Rn, what is the meaning of saying that you are looking at open balls in that set? That set may not have the whole ball as of Rn inside it, but it is an intersection of an open ball in Rn with that set. That is what we mean. So, you can think it as a subset or subspace you can think of. So, that is the difference between saying some A is a subset and A is a subspace of Rn as far as the distance is concerned. So, what are open sets in a subset? They are intersection of open sets in the bigger intersected with that set. So, in that sense you should think of both open and close. So, for example, let me just keep that discussion a bit more. For example, if I look at the interval 0, 1, I am saying is open in 0, 1. It is open in 0, 1. Is it okay for everybody? It is like whole space is always open in itself. Whole space is also closed in itself. So, this because this way of looking at things helps to later on to define many things in higher courses. So, let me see what I wanted to do was the following. So, here is a theorem which is very useful. Let X be a subset of Rn. The following are equivalent. I am going to describe connectedness in terms of functions 1. X is connected and second, if f is a function from X to 2 points at 0, 1 is continuous, then f is constant. f is a constant function. So, let us just understand the statement. Saying a set is connected is equivalent to saying that if we have got a function on X which is continuous and takes possibly only two values 0 and 1, that is not possible if X is connected. It should take only one of the values either 0 or 1. It should be a constant function. So, continuous functions on connected sets cannot take two different values. Only one value is possible. It should be a constant function.


सामलिक्यों मैं हो मुखतारा हमेद वर्चिल यूँश्टी के कोर स्विम न चोश मैंज्मेद के साथ और आज हम आज पना लेक्चे नमब तुँँटी ये दिसकरेंगे आज कर सेचन शुरू करते हैं और ये सेचन शकों लेक्चे नमब तुँँटी ये गे हम आ ये सहें धॉच भालู่ और टी कर लेक्चेर शिथ दे का स tampoco कब हीं वbab look.. यो कर टी ख़ी च मैंडों आज अपनी क्च्छेभ, आज ये दा़ा का � station सामलात कर collections. आज कर सेचन नमा Tran नहीं हृपा की ब्रॉँा के रह्कोंभर्टुक्मा़। पर द Saturn.. एक बाूत पाद सदम � merchants के जाब एब हुए, नहीं। वेई, ब्रॉएर व eramदुतार्ई की जाब штम्ង एजेMed फ्य तेपत्फय? ब मने गर्या, विखह रहसे बी कोतिर finest अवड़्साया जीवान्स छीचाती दरावेदी डेखाता जब हम जब अनज़़िस पारड़। जीवान्जिय की भादी और वादी सीट कि देखाता है, नज ब परदी जीवान्ने चीवान्टा ची लैच बरघे आफीन सीट कै रईग़े नज बादीचा अप रहां. तो ओधा उर्थाब एजवाब. उखुष मतर्च पडे काम नेँ है, ठाछांगाध मत्डे फा जाए, नवाध, और अभाश्टाप, पिकराच याप, तो वूवापाव याद एफ याब बाचाटूद। उस्थाड्पौर्दाब जाआाप. you determine the worth of any job. opacity base p fhe rhe aqla step hota, that is, you prise that job. k waves ki worth kya hoi? on osse e gaya base phe rhe aq, then you decide about the compensation. and then we call it is a compensation system, its complete system working in any organization.8 और दोऄुके आल जाह। धदिए़तम। सूवान्가 क्यटे concepts 2 जیک् त्री पियरैनिनेक्रूँ थरी brewing जाह। वी चोन ठब चना चाती बिया पुरत । ये मेंझा नात Basil after pricing, after evaluation, now how you will develop the compensation system, how you will decide about the pay and what are the things affecting the agnation. next move, see this model carefully, started with job analysis, yes what is the outcome of it, based on it you do job evaluation and based on job evaluation you make a pay structure for your agnation after evaluation or pay structure you define it based on it then you decide who will get what and how much when the pay structure is formed then you will decide about the individual pay individual rewards or compensation now it can also vary even within the same group same class, same grade and there the performance pressure is also playing the white row because based on it you will increase or decrease the salary there are annual increments in the salary that when you have successfully completed one year the next block you will get as much as your increment will be now it is not necessary to get it for everyone but again you cannot just stop by nothing you have to justify it if someone wants to get an increment or if he wants to get an extra increment then there will be a justification for it where will you get that justification from from the performance pressure and if you do not give it to anyone or if you want to stop the increment again that will be justified through this performance pressure from all this your pay policies will be based on all these things and see how everything is linked with one another to give you some results so let us start our compensation system topic I hope the basic things are now clear you know what is the job worth what is the valuation why one person is getting less and other is getting more why even within the same setup a person can get more than the other so this is not the thing to see let us move ahead what is pay by the way the way it is defined pay is a statement of an employee's work by home an employer now how can that employer decide about the worth again remember the previous thing based on job evaluation based on the performance the employer has to decide the worth of the employees so that will be his or her pay so what is this this is the worth which is in the eyes of the employer now if we talk about the worth of course it is how much they are paying you that is your worth this is the definition of pay in the eyes of the employer what he or she is thinking about pay what about the employees so that is the second part pay is the perception of worth by an employee now what employees feel about his or her worth this will determine his or her pay this will be paid in his eyes you must have heard it many times some friend, some colleague some elder that I left that job because the pay was not in my expectation I don't want to join that job because they are paying me less even in his eyes his worth when we convert it in financial terms we call it pay now let's see the importance of this thing when we are talking about the human resource management strategic model in the books you will see that reward is playing or this financial compensation is playing the pivotal role but remember this is not the only thing but because right now we are talking about reward or financial compensation so let's focus on this and understand this now our HR prepared their strategies about the people working in the organization now their main focal point their activities is to attract people to select them to engage them of course and retain them in the beginning of the lecture instead of keeping them it is in the same sense but for all these activities see that reward is playing the central role keeping other than constant like environment of the world the boss, the team and other things so people will go towards that structure where they will get good reward they will join in that place where they get better compensation but remember we are keeping other things constant and they will stay with those organizations where their compensation is up to the mark or their expectations are the same and ultimately for all these things for the people, for the organization to achieve the desired result it is helpful it implies compensation let's take it again let's take it a little further this implies compensation refers to all forms of pay or rewards and all these rewards compensation which we are talking about whatever benefit and they are going to implies from where they are coming of course from employer side so compensation system which we are talking about all the incentives all the benefits that you get from the employees or from the employer side so that is compensation okay what is ahead again it consists of two parts that can be direct financial or indirect financial benefits one is that you get salary in the face of paycheck then there are some such benefits of course the money is needed of course institution of your employer but you get it in the face of a coin not in the face of money like you get a car house for living and so on we will discuss this ahead so when we are talking about direct or indirect compensation what is the basis of this when we are talking about salaries you hear words, wages, salaries all these things we are talking about incremental salary performance base these are small concepts I share them with you so that things can be done with you increments of time how much time you have used on the basis of that you get salary on hourly basis which we call wages or you get salary which can be done on weekly basis can be done on twice a month can be done on monthly basis but can be done on the basis of performance that is on the basis of piece work how is the commission if you are with the sale team whatever sale you will generate the agnation has fixed certain portion of that as your commission you see the insurance in pharmaceutical the business of medicine or the marketing the commission again it is the reason of that you have a thrust the more you work the more business you will bring for your agnation what is the meaning of piece work pay is tied directly to what the worker produce like in a production unit let's see what is the work of the government in agnation the pieces you will make you will get compensation piece work basis of compensation as I told you wages or salaries we mix them together but there is a little difference what is the difference wages we call it generally refers to hourly compensation paid to the operating employees the basis of wages is time the more time you have the more money you will get sometime people have fixed you have the 20 hours per week permission to work you work the more hours you complete wages we call it compared to this other things we call salary that is the income that is paid an individual not on the basis of time but on the basis of performance it is fixed and there are different ways we get salary on monthly basis but in few countries even in other countries they can have the weekly payment system they can have the buy monthly payment system again it is the convenience what is total compensation when we are asking somebody that this will be your when we are telling somebody that this will be your total compensation what are the things that are included compensation of any employees can be divided into two broader categories we call them intrinsic and extrinsic which are your rewards when we are talking about extrinsic in this the financial rewards direct financial rewards the same wages can be mentioned salary can also be included you can have the bonuses commission, pay incentive what are the different types what are the indirect insurance retirement benefits which used to be our pension system paid vacations food services credit opportunities recreation trip paid leaves these are indirect financial compensation reward what about intrinsic recognition is one very important reward promotion opportunities working conditions interesting work and remember one thing when we are talking about compensation don't just think that money is the everything no but again it depends which level you are our next lecture is coming in which we will try to relate money to performance and we will see what role money is taking money is very important no doubt but sometime this is not most of the time it is not the only factor but again which level we are talking about if it is at the initial level basic nirjain gipuri of course money is very important there but in the organization we see that sometime even the smile of your boss is enough for your appreciation this is the big big reward those who come and threaten you your teacher, your elder your parents, your boss well done it has so much value which may not be money when we are dealing with the people we have to always when we are talking about the reward system when we are talking about the compensation and motivation we should not only concentrate on the direct financial rewarding but we should also see some intrinsic reward system too let me tell you that recognition itself when you top it you get a medal what is its financial worth you get an appreciation on a piece of paper if you break it according to the money then how much value will be may be none but you feel pride in your life so when we are talking about total compensation so it comprises of so many different things intrinsic, extrinsic reward and even within the extrinsic reward you can have direct financial and indirect some benefits we get and this is our next topic next lecture and if somebody is not satisfied with the pay so what will be the outcome you are talking about the compensation what are the consequences of paid dissatisfaction if somebody joined the young ration and joined on a special salary but as soon as he started his job he figured out I think I should have been getting more what will happen on that stage if he understands that he should get more salary then it will affect his performance he or she may behave differently it will go on strike you will get angry he or she may start writing I am not happy with my salary I have been cheated or whatever and he or she might start looking for some other jobs they might be thinking this is not the right place if he or she compensates my worth then I should go somewhere else if he or she goes on strike or tell grievances or somewhere if he or she is looking for another job then what will be the outcome there will be a lot of vacations and you know what is turn over you have discussed it before what is turn over turn over is basically that how many people are leaving your organization is it good or bad of course it is bad on the organization part if people leave it and leave it quickly then what will happen it will cost the organization they will have to interview them have to section them and in the market they will have a bad reputation they will not be able to work there I don't know what is wrong there so when people have a big desire or they think they may not get a good salary they should get more what will be the outcome that people will start leaving they will take interest in their work and they will start abstaining and meanwhile they will get a good job similarly if they are dissatisfied with their pay so for them there will be less tax they will think that we are doing a good job when their tax rate will be less then what will happen of course again one outcome will be a turn over and they will get dissatisfied with their job and they will start doing the same when you don't enjoy your job when you don't enjoy what will happen what will be the outcome then you can have psychological withdrawal you don't feel like working there lethargic behaviour will be yours attitude will be yours and they will start getting sick this is also a sign that when you visit barbar dispensary when you visit barbar medicine that is also one indication that something is bothering him or her at this place they are not satisfied with their work maybe it is work, it is salary there might be different reason but still this is indication for management something is wrong and gradually the mental health of a person gets reduced so all these things are very dangerous for the organization now it doesn't mean that when you see someone sick you increase the salary because it is a system where everything should be atrocious and for that all these job evaluation systems or compensation system you are trying to understand is so that you can make such a system in your institution where things should start working smoothly you should all focus on your main work and start delivering both monetary and non-monitory compensation. 3 phases, we are studying in compensation management system. Phase 1, you have to evaluate every job to ensure internal equity based on each job's relative work. आप उसकी इकविटि देकते कर जेतनी वो आप कर और भी थी आप सेवाँद ची कर देवाँ परकी। पं değer tend to the value of the job, to which the party is hurt. वो उध्वर थी योंगी त ही अब योंख थी अथब जो ती ती वो अपकाब ती सो तो योंगी प्रफांँस दूसे किस्दूच के आप कंप्रपते हैं अदूच के जो गई, कि वत के बाद टब मकापले में अप देखते हो तो ख़ैशे को कि ताप उज़ाप को आप आप च आञुज than अप problèmes अप्छ अहलिएक फ्लन अप आजक्त cảmattform lasers वचष्रस को तो यसनो को तुश्टेझें । अप्छट्धिन क्यह अप्च्रेत खौल॥ फालीएा । अगर बाखी सारी चीज़े काज़ते जाएं, like environment, working environment, opportunity to grow, तो फिर सेलरी जो तिया फिर कमपन्सेशन आप, वो बड़ा इंपार्टर डोल प्ले कारी होती है, कि लोग अट्रेक्त होतेंगे, अचे या वो आगनाशन जो आना वो अच्छे, they are very good paymasters. तो पेला जो बिक फ्री में से, पेला अबजेक्तेप जो है, proper compensation management का है, के आप अप अच्छे लोगों को ट्रेक्त कर सके अपनी तरफ, अपने आदारे की तरफ, अपनी अगनाशन की तरफ, कि देष्ट काम, the qualified people की वो आप, कि वो आप, अपके साथ, अपके साथ, अपने अबजेक्तेप जो है, proper compensation management का है, के आप अच्छे लोगों को ट्रेक्त कर सके अपनी तरफ, अपने अदारे की तरफ, अपनी आगनाशन की तरफ, कि देष्ट काम, the qualified people की वो आप, कि वो आप, और अपके साथ, जाब शूरू कर हैं. तु रटेन, ख़्डी रटेन नहीं है, पलके उनको भी दिसकरेज कर है, के जो ख़ाए प्लेख़ नहीं है, तो गो पताए कि अप इतनी साथरी नी मिलेगी बलके, हमें तो अगर पर्फामवास नी देएंगे, तो अगला धिनक्रिमट भी नी मिलेगे. तु रटेन ख़ाए नहीं पलगाए नहीं वो दिसकरेज नहीं रटेनचन आप लोग पर्फामविंग फीपुर. अगर अप भी तु वो पर्फामविंग नहीं है, तो भी बहुत हुँँ. या तो आप उसकी शलडी को वहाप यें प्लाग कर देगे. आप कुर्तेन आप नी ज़गाए पे नराज होतेन है, येस आल्टीमेट लिए विल गो अगत. तुस्ता तरी का यह के यह के यह तु शुड आप सो वो खाए. तो इसी तरा आग्नाश्यर के अंदे तुस्रे नप्लाएस के लिए भी, ठुस्ता यह से से से प्सिःसकते है, तुस्सबगाई इसी के बेस पे आप रिवाड देजाएड बिहावीड लेतेने, के ज़ा आपको पताए है क्या आप अच्चा काम करेँगे आप को रिवाड मिलेगाए, नहीं अच्चा करेँगे तो रिवाड रुक मी सकताए, अगर एक अच्छा सिस्टम है, तो you can control the cost, that is why we say, this is also a good object right. उसके बार, comply with legal regulation, rule, government agencies, government के दारे जाना, they are also very much observing, किसी को, दिस्कमिनेशन तो नहीं हो जी सल्गी के अंदर, और फिर तो government भी यह दिसाइत करती है, वो दिसाइत करती है कि मिन्मार प्यज़ी वेज़ी के औने चाहीं, क्रिटीरी अ पिक्स करती है, कि से जो वो नहीं, दिगरी के साथ आगे तो you will be qualifying for the rate 17 job आच्चल जिस्ट्वा होता है, तो आगर आप का अच्चल सिस्ट्वा है, प्रापर सिस्ट्वा है, तो आप वो रूड अगुलेशन को भी आदाप उसको कपलाए कर है, तीगे, और अब जक्तिब is to facilitate understanding, understanding of what, within the organization creating a good culture, fair treatment right, everybody is getting fair treatment. If you do the good job, you will get reward, if you will do bad, if you will not come to the expectation, you will lose those benefits, those incentives. उसी कि भेज्पि आप की अपकी जो मागित में खमपेटेंसी है, खमपेटेटेमनेस है, वो बड़ती है, और अगनाशिंग की जो प्रोराटीयस होता ही, कि वो आपना एक, अपने गोल्ज अपनी स्टैटगीश बनाती है, उसक में मड़त मिलती है उनको, और कुच्टिर, और वल्यूँ क्यो उआदाराकी बंतिय है, वो भी एक अच्टिर सिस्तम के रही बंतिय है। थंप्र कोत यो, अग्टीर लगकि ते लिए था एहन वरूँाहरी देखा. बड़ा ख्राँ सिस्तारी हैं, बड़ा ख्राँ सेच्टानी कोई नहीं हो दे, हर कोई इस यह तुसे पे प्रश्राइस ने करा, सब पता है, सब को, कि मैं यह सिस्तारी है, सब को मेलेगा. तु, as a manager, then it will be easy for you to do it. तु, you can do it. तु, you can do it. तु, you can do it.  एक प्रानक्तान टिन्जात को थी क्योगा जाहने कराचना? के what other employers are paying for comparable jobs किसे batch parking भी नहीं कहतें कमpear करतें तुश्टों के साँ की वो क्या करें?  अप इस्टम जाते है। और वागे एक जाते है। उरहरे की एक रेंज होती है, जिसके अंदर मुख्लिप ताईम फ्रेम के अंदर अखते होगे, मुख्लिप स्टेज़ से बताई जाते है, जैसे हमने जाब वेलॉशन के अंदर देखाता. तो अगते है, ग्रेटिंग सिस्टम रही, अगते अगते नहीं। तो आगते है प्रइस इस पे ग्रेट बाई जाब रही है, अपके आप इस को गराफी के लेग लेभी खार सकते हैं, आजकल तो कमपिट्राइ सिस्टम बने होगे आपको अपके अंदर अपके अप प्रिक्स होते हैं, आपके आप आपके तो लेप आपके और सकते है, और वेट तो आपके वहागा, अपके लिए जाब तो सचाएगा बदोगो साप्दा और च्रिएद सुब णत ठुवागा, और पर थोड़ा बोथ उसमें जो तूनिंग करनी होती आन्पे ताके योशी शुट खाम अप विदे गुट पेप लैं इस गराफी के लिए मैं आप को वोई चीज बताता हों के देखें तो चीजे देखें आमनी, सल्री योर अपने आप इसकी अंदर आप नहीं देखें कि एगर एक बलाग को लें, कि फ्रे गरेद विट्च उद्चो तीए लग़ सी के एक लिए सकेल हैं उसका मींनिम्म पाँच साज शुरू के, पन ताली सी जाता जाता है उसके मुखत्रिफ सेजजग आतें उरस्में मिनिम्म्म्म और बैक्सिम्म दोना लिमित होतीं और खिर एक मेट पोईट भी आता है तो आपनी अपने अबलुशिन पोईट के मताबिक पर देहना कि सैलिक किस यखा पिख्स होती है पे कहापे पिख्स होती अपनी बादे शावर में जाएखे तो अपकोस वो फरक है उस फरक को बी इस शूऊशन जोगा अदार हैं उसको उस कंपंपलसेशन प्लैन में इंकाप्टेट करते हैं जा वो दिटरमन करते हैं कितने इसकी कितने इसकी बेनेपिरस होने चावने चावने अपको पताया था किजितना आप प्लदोज करोगे उतने अच्चाएट को मेंगे रहेगा उद्दाडिस आुथ यश्चात प्रमीटर फार में जाएखे तो इसकी ज़ाएखे if the bargaining power can if the bargain power is in the hand of the employees then of course they will be asking more if the bargaining power is in other hand employer they might pay the less it is the demand supply relationship market with demand X很好 supply could be meeting they actually pay the bucket बागेनिक पावल जोईा वो निया सकतने एक नहीं के अटा प्लाब हैं आद और लोग आद बहेत अड़ा रह हैं जाबनी मुल्री हैं. अम तो यह से कम नहीं आएंगे लेकन, if the things are in another way, यह स्प्लाई ज़ादा है, लोग माकित में बहुत वेलेपल है, जाब नहीं मिल रहीं तो देन, it is the employer who will decide के नहीं जी, अम तो यह पेख कर सकते है, आपने आना है, तीख है, वरना तेंग क्यो रही मुज्ग झो बाओने बोगी बागरने प्रे लीए बीट में तो सुолько प्रसाई तो लाई कगynanei bHi-vaare is also playing a very white role, when deciding how much to pay, what else? जाब रेकवायमेंस, at some time, certain jobs have a different kind of requirements. उसके लिए गया आप के अग्स्टा जो अप योंचधरस्चोएंगे वो बी इस में टनकारपेट करने परटें क्योंगे वो वो उसकी रेक्वाविट हैं तो उस तोटल कमपन्सेशन में वो जीजें भी आईन. आपने लोगो रख है, तो उनको वीडिंग भी राद को भी आपको अपको अपको नका स्टेच आए अप वर्ग, तो फिर आपने उनको स्टेग के लेगे वी फिसल्टिल्ती परवाइट करनें. तो आप आपने लेगे भी फिसल्टिल्ती को समझतें तो यहाड तो भाज समच आगी आपको, कोंझे ख़्टर यह जो दिटरमन करतें किस, हैल्डी क्या अनी चाई है? आपने च़ाए तो अठ़ट्टर्टिल्ग को समझतें गब एक्टी. एक्टी पर्षट्ट्टिल्ग की जब आप बाट करतें तो अट्ट्काम अवर इंपोट किसी की भी, जब आप यह सो कमपेर करते हैं अपने से तुस्टे के साथ, यह ताकिंगोड़ एक्टी. अगर आप समझतें के मेरी जो पर्फाम्मस है, अपकटी तो भी नहीं तो दोनोगो उसी साथ से ख़ब अप भगगगगगगगगगगगगगगग. एक्टी तुएरी क्या बताती है, अपको अपकी क्या दिस्क्ष्छट दश्व्ट क्या करती है. तो अपकटी तुस्टे करते है, तो � 접स यfera कर करते है? तो खा hoyा भपम भगगगगगगगखगगगगगगग腰 गेव खए्ते सबत læन क devil is laying golf. ठाग ठैग स्ना कई शमक्चक Member is just going to華. जो परिवल दीक सब एक तो श्थ搬नालागया घाना के लिस थ भगगगग मह işte. if the performance of person a is less than person b and on the basis of that then we will say that if it is like the salary of a person then we will say that person a is other way around if the performance we will talk about the salary of a person if the output and input of the person if the output and input of the person is less than the other person then we will call it 100% payday or 100% rewarded person if it is equal then equity is equal and if the reward of person a is more than the effort of the person a gets from the other person it is over rewarded so these three situations can happen when we talk about equity under rewarded also can happen over rewarded also can happen and equity also can happen at par also so when we talk about pay equity what we have to try to do is to keep the balance and this is not only the equity inside the organization but of course you have to also compare with the outside the market so we have to keep this balance otherwise there will be consequences if you are under paying if you are over paying then there can be some benefits or some benefits but of course there are some cons we call it loss there are disadvantages so let's see some examples where we will see that if with reference to the market if you are paying more than marketers are paying or less than market is paying what are the advantages and disadvantages so per example let's say when you are paying above the market rate so what are the advantages of that if you are paying more than market is paying of course you will attract better employees you will attract better employees and what is your general opinion that the turnover rate is also high your employees themselves will go for a lot of research that too will be minimized and your sporting culture of the organization will also become strong so very strong attraction and advantages if you are paying more than market what are the disadvantages that your cost will increase and secondly a kind of sense of entitlement will develop yes we deserve it so motivation factor will reduce maybe for long term and if you are paying at the market rate at par with the market rate what are the advantages advantages are higher quality of human resources at mid range of market driven compensation cost when you are paying at all places then you will get good people at reasonable price at reasonable pay structure because this is the offer at all places and if you can have other things better but what are the disadvantages now why do you have good people because they know that if they will come to you they will get the same money why don't you stay with the same people where they are already worth that attraction will reduce for good performance turnover will vary with labour demand up and competing firm now the turnover rate depends on the demand supply relationship competing firm now if you are paying below the market rate so what is going to happen advantages of course you will feel that you are saving money cost is your job but at the same place you may benefit from more supply and less demand labour is available in the market if you don't have an option then you can benefit from it but you can have disadvantages more than disadvantages what are the advantages you will not get good people for quality of your workforce will be less job satisfaction will be less when you get a chance or because of this your turnover rate will be higher so there are certain conditions which are necessary for proper fair pay what is that what should be your consistency within the organization under the system everyone should be taken as one external competitiveness should be kept in mind what market indicators are telling you and and how is the contribution of the employees should be participated in that decision so these things will tell you whether your pay structure is a compensation fair or not let's see what are the roles the line manager they are paying in the compensation issues are compensating of the workforce line manager the main boss they evaluate the worth of the jobs of course they get the help from the human resource department so what happens that the line manager they evaluate the worth of the job oh yes HR department will help them and sometime under certain circumstances they might have and they have the right to go for higher side or even lower side so what is the first thing for the line manager that they evaluate the worth of the job ok apart from that they negotiate the starting salaries as I said they can negotiate there they have that range according to the situation worth of that person who is starting the job or according to the situation even according to the requirement there is urgency it is a normal thing so they negotiate it and then recommend the pay raises and promotions even after a performance appraiser that they should increase their salary they should promote they should retain the money they should promote to be recommended and then notify HR department of the job changes if they want to change somebody from one place to another place one scale to another scale so this is the work of the line manager what about the HR department what kind of role they are playing in the compensation decisions they establish the rates of pay of course based on job evaluation however see the job evaluation process usara when we read the job evaluation we discussed that they monitor it and conduct salary service or they recommend on the space that it should have that much salary they establish the procedure for administrating administering the pay plan they ensure compliances with the anti-discrimination laws they make sure that they make sure that they make sure that the government has told you if this rule is not less than this then it is not less than that or they are not discriminating on any basis because otherwise they have to face the music and they also communicate the benefits and all those informations to the concerned employees and of course to concerned departments by account department we have next salary and we pay it up I think enough of the compensation let us see what we have covered so far in this lecture we started with the compensation system and in compensation total compensation system 2 types of compensation they were intrinsic and extrinsic reward system or extrinsic we saw in 2 cases direct financial monetary reward and the second is the benefits or intrinsic we saw that recognition promotion opportunities and so on then we discussed about the objectives of effective compensation management why we want to do that of course to attract good people apart from that we discussed other things then we will also discuss the steps for establishing pay rates in which we have started the service all those things and how to determine what other factor determine how much you should be paying that you have bargaining power with whom how much you can pay the company government rule regulation and so on so I believe this is clear now but we are not done with the compensation because we are still left with the other incentives and benefits so our next topic should be benefits and other incentives let's stop it here and till next time but remember one thing and what is that one thing and what is that something that reinforcement strategy from my side reinforcements that you should work hard you should have the benefit of listening and reading so for the next lecture what you have to read about the benefits and what you have to read read it again see it again see it again and again what is right what is confusing if things are not clear come back to us we will help you with this belief that you will do your job thank you very much and keep hard working Allah Hafiz Assalamu Alaikum


Hello all, in this video we are going to see about overview of quantitative research. Before going to this quantitative research, most of the health research deals with this quantitative research only. So I am going to ask you five simple questions and through that simple questions I am going to make you understand about what is quantitative research. So my first question is what is the type of variable you are dealing with? So the type of variables can be broadly classified into qualitative or otherwise called as categorical. Most commonly it is categorical, the quantitative or the numerical. So we use here of henceforth we use categorical and numerical. Again we have subsets under the categorical variable and numerical variable which is not required at this point of time for your analysis. So first question number one is over. Number two, you have to ask yourself whether you are going to represent the data or visualize the data. So you are going to deal with two types of statistics that is descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. So under descriptive statistics only we have this representation issue. So under this representation based on the type of the variable from our first question we divide it into categorical variable and numerical variable. The categorical variable can be summarized or represented using tables and visualized using pie charts or bar charts. The basic difference between this representation and visualization is in representation you give all the minute details of the numbers but in visualization you just give the impact of the data whatever you have. So the data so you have to keep in mind that what you are going to do is you have to get some information out of the existing data that you have to keep in your mind always. When we are dealing with the numerical data we have when we are representing it we will represent it in the terms of mean and standard deviation and other measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion but when we visualize it we visualize it with histogram and when it is normally distributed we visualize it with histogram otherwise we use median and interquartile range and box. Now the third question under numerical variable is whether the data or the numerical data follows normal distribution or not. So this is your third question. For this third question if your answer is yes it is normally distributed then all your statistical test which you use will be parametric test and if the data is not normally distributed then you have to go for non-parametric test. So when you are studying association we have outcome variable and exposure variable or we can call it as dependent variable and independent variable. We always do association between one variable and another variable. If that variable is a category versus category then we use chi-square test or vicious exact test based on the needs. If one variable is a category with two outcomes and the other variable is a numerical variable we have t-test. These two are the simple test which we use in our research analysis but there are plenty of test under different circumstances that all have been given in this chart. You can pass and you can see it. Before summing up I want to make you clear when you are writing the results that you should always keep in mind that your data should answer your objectives. You should not deviate from your study objective. Secondly you have to rightly represent the data and rightly visualize the data. Wherever you are using this descriptive statistics wherever inferential statistics necessary you have to apply. Then you have to choose the right choice of test based on the type of variable and the type of parametric nature of the data. Then you need to produce a self-explanatory figures and tables that is nobody should not inquire about the content. Nobody should not inquire about further inquire about the content. Then finally you have to understand there are two types of significance. Statistical significance is not always present. So when you are comparing a number with 100 and 101 if it is a blood pressure it is not a huge difference but if it is a fever temperature then it is a huge difference is there. So always clinical significance is different, statistical significance is different. You have to compare these two and get significance out of the data. To sum up you have to understand five basic concepts to do quantitative research that is number one the type of variables, number two whether you are going to do descriptive statistics or inferential statistics, number three whether you are going to represent the data or visualize the data, then four how the data is distributed whether it is normal or not normal based on that you have to apply parametric and non-parametric test and the first question is your test of significance. Thank you for watching this video. If you would like this video please share it to your friends. Thank you very much.


Once you were his friend, you never lost him, or he lost you. He has never forgotten his boyhood chums or family members. Our neighborhood on Fifth South, we pretty well played in the streets. He was a bit of an athlete when he was a young fellow. He played basketball, but he was a self-starter. He didn't have to be told everything. He was 100% when he decided to do something. When he was going to get my bottle ready, he would put the milk in a little old pan on the stove that wobbled and keep putting his finger in it to see if it was warm yet. He'd pray an awful lot. And that was one thing that we were aware of. He'd pray for the food. He'd pray for things that happened. And I noticed many times, he would take a hat off and say a prayer even when he was out on the stream fishing. When President Monson was a very young bishop, I think one of the youngest in the church. He was 22 years old. He obtained a Heinrich Hoffman portrait of the savior. And he has had that picture of the savior with him everywhere he has ever gone since. And it's still in his office today. He loves the master, and he follows the path of the master. He walks the path of the master. One of his favorite scriptures probably says it best, he is always on the Lord's errand. Thomas Spencer Monson was born on a Sunday morning, August 21, 1927, at the old St. Mark's Hospital on Second West in Salt Lake City. His parents, G. Spencer and Gladys Condimonson, were of Hardy, Swedish, English, and Scottish ancestry, and made a loving home for Tom, his two brothers and three sisters. In 1927, there were just over 600,000 Latter-day Saints, most of them living in the American West. Heber J. Grant was president of the church. And in three years, the church would celebrate its 100th anniversary. Tom grew up on Salt Lake City's West Side, in the midst of a close family of grandparents, aunts, and uncles. His grandfather, Thomas Sharp Condi, had purchased property on the southwest corner of Fifth South and Second West, built his own home there, and provided homes for each of his four daughters and their husbands. Tom was always welcome and totally at ease in any of their homes, never feeling the need to knock. My father did have an idyllic setting as he grew up. He loved his relatives, and everything that they did for him, his aunts and uncles, it was as though he was their son as well. His mother and father were very good people. We loved them both. They loved the gospel, and they have taught it to their children. My mother was a friendly, outgoing person. She would talk to people on the bus. She made friends instantly. Being around Gladys, you know, it was what you call a hoot, I guess. People say, Gladys, how did you raise a son to become an apostle? And she'd smile, and with her own sense of humor, say, well, it wasn't easy, but I persevered. My father was a hard worker. He worked 12 hours a day, six days a week. He was the provider. He put the money aside so that we could have an education. Sunday was my father's only day off. I'm sure he would have enjoyed relaxing at home, but invariably he would say, come along, Tommy. Let's take Uncle Elias for a drive. Boarding the old 1928 Oldsmobile, we would proceed to 8th West to the home of Uncle Elias and Aunt Teen. I would wait in the car while Dad went inside. Soon he would emerge from the house, carrying his crippled uncle in his arms, like a little china doll. I would open the door and watch how tenderly my father would place Uncle Elias in the front seat. Then we'd take him for a ride around the city. Dad never wanted any thanks for this service, but his lesson was not lost on me. For generations, Tom's family had spent each summer at a small cabin in Vivian Park in Provo Canyon. There along the banks of the Provo River, Tom first gained from his uncles what would become a lifelong love for fishing. I would sit on the bank for hours, Tom recalled, and look at the mountain side across the river. Those were happy years, dream-filled years. One summer afternoon, 12-year-old Tom was floating on a tractor tire inner tube down the river toward its swiftest part when he heard the frantic cries of a Greek immigrant family from the bank. Just ahead in the whirlpools, a young lady swimmer was disappearing under the water for the third time. And a girl's head emerged, and I grabbed her by the hair. She'd be about 14, I suppose, and pulled her across my lap in that inner tube. While she cried and was spitting water, I took the other hand and paddled her through the whirlpool and into the little eddy, and up to the bank, and then handed her to her parents. They threw their arms around her, weeping and kissing. Then they grabbed me, and hugged and kissed me. I was embarrassed. You know, no boy wants to be kissed by a lot of older men and women, so I quickly returned to my tube and continued down the river. As he thought about what had happened, I realized, he said, I had participated in saving a human life. Heavenly Father had permitted me, a deacon, to float by at precisely the time I was needed. That day, I learned that God, our Heavenly Father, knows each one of us and permits us to share His divine power to save. At age 16, Tom was expected to forgo swimming and fishing in the Provo River and work full time during the summer. He got a job at Burton Lumber and Hardware Company, unloading boxcars of cut lumber in 100 degree temperatures. At this time, America had entered World War II, and US combat efforts were not going well overseas. It was during this bleak time that stake patriarch Frank Woodbury placed his hands on 16-year-old Tom Monson's head and conferred a truly prophetic patriarchal blessing. You shall be indeed a leader among your fellows, the patriarch said. Seek the Lord in humility to guide and direct you in the high and holy callings unto which you shall be called. In 1944, Tom enrolled as a freshman at the University of Utah. Shortly after, at a university dance, Tom first saw the young lady who would become his wife. Tom had taken a girl from West High, and they were dancing to the popular song Kentucky, when Francis Johnson and another young man danced by. I caught a glimpse of her, Tom said, but he didn't see her again that evening. About a month later, while waiting for the street car at 13th East and 2nd South, he saw Francis and another girl standing together. They were with a grade school acquaintance of Tom's named Paul Wilkinson. Tom walked up to Paul and said, hello, old friend, how are you? It worked. As I said goodbye, Tom recalls, I quickly took out my student directory and underlined the name Francis Beverly Johnson. That evening, Tom called her and arranged their first date. As my mother was contemplating, is this really the man that I want to marry? It was cute as my mother shared with me how her mother said, you look at the way Tom takes care of his grandfather, because my father did love his grandfather, and he would shave him, and he would get his clothes ready. Any man that takes care of his grandfather, the way Tom takes care of his grandfather will be a wonderful husband. And that became a big selling point in my father's favor. Tom and Francis' first date was to a dance at the Pioneer Stake Gym. More dates followed. But as spring turned to summer in 1945, Tom realized his days as a civilian were numbered. On October 6, 1945, Tom went to the train depot in Salt Lake City to ship out for basic training in San Diego as a member of the United States Naval Reserve. Among those saying goodbye was John Burt, a member of the bishopric who handed Tom a copy of the missionary handbook. I'm not going on a mission, Tom protested. Take it along, brother Burt said. It may come in handy. Upon arriving in San Diego, Tom had his first taste of military life. The Naval base seemed to stretch for miles, Tom recalled. I'm convinced the training was designed to toughen us, as well as humble us. It succeeded. One night before returning home for Christmas leave, Tom and his fellow sailors were lying on their bunks nearly asleep. Suddenly, a man in a nearby bunk, Leland Merrill from Murray, Utah, said, I'm sick. I'm sicker than I've ever been. Tom suggested he go to the dispensary and have a doctor look at him. Merrill said he would be kept for observation and not allowed home for Christmas. The moans increased. Finally, Merrill said, Monson, aren't you an elder? The time was 2 AM. Tom had indeed been ordained an elder prior to enlisting in the Navy. Merrill said, will you give me a blessing? I thought to myself, I've never given a blessing. I've never received a blessing. I don't know that I've ever seen anyone receive a blessing. And then I remembered. I got something in that sea bag that might help me. And I dumped the gear on the deck and took out that missionary handbook. And I went into the cubicle where the night light was shining. And I read how you administer to the sick. And then I went back there and gave him a blessing. And when I said amen, he was purring like a kitten, sound asleep. The next morning, as we assembled to march off to get on the buses to go home for home leave, Leland Merrill said, Monson, I'm glad you hold the priesthood. And I said, I'm glad I do, too. I was just very grateful for the priesthood and to have friends that watched out for me. And I guess it must have made quite an impression on Tom, because he's remembered it all these years. And so have I. In 1946, the war had ended, and Tom returned home. Two years later, he graduated with honors from the University of Utah with a degree in business. Turning down job offers from Standard Oil of California and Procter & Gamble on the East Coast, he chose to work for the Deseret News as Assistant Classified Advertising Manager. In the meantime, Tom and Francis' relationship had grown and deepened. Finally, Tom went to Davis Jewelry and selected a diamond engagement ring to surprise Francis. After hiding it at home, he carefully planned a special evening. On the night he determined to become engaged, Tom brought Francis to the house. As soon as she entered, Tom's youngest brother, Scott, blurted out, Tommy has a ring for you, Francis. I was very irritated to have my surprise exposed, Tom remembers. Tom and Francis were married in the Salt Lake Temple for time and eternity on October 7, 1948. Thus began one of the truly exemplary marriages in the church. My mother is the other part of my father's success story, because she's been supportive of him in everything that he has done. Since the first day of our marriage, it was just a wonderful experience. We didn't question whether, you know, we felt unhappy that he was gone all the time or working so hard. So we just sort of grew up with that. We still do. The wife of a member of a bishopric or a stake pregnancy has to live a little different life than others. You're away from them a lot to meetings. And some social events have to be forgotten because of a meeting here or a blessing to be given there. But I have never, in our entire marriage, have heard her complain. Anything I had to do in the church, she always sustained me. At the time of their marriage, Tom was serving as the sixth Seventh Ward clerk. One morning, he sat silently taking minutes while the bishopric discussed the lack of success with the young people in their ward. Presently, the young clerk said, excuse me, brethren, but may I say something about the MIA and the youth challenges in this ward? He then delivered a profound summary of not only what was wrong with the youth program, but what could quickly make it right. Then realizing he may have been presumptuous, he said, forgive me, I think I've said too much, and excused himself to take role in the elder's quorum. He was no sooner out the door than the bishopric looked at each other and said, what are we waiting for? They immediately called him back, released him as ward clerk and called him to be the superintendent of the MIA. Within months, the sixth Seventh Ward youth program with its committed young superintendent was drawing more people to MIA than sacrament meeting. The Lord prepares his leaders when they're young. If there was ever a good example of that, it's with Thomas S. Monson. He was always different from the rest of us. I believe he was aborn later. He had energy that is beyond belief and enthusiasm that was just contagious. He has a presence when he walks into the room that people look up to him because he is a big man and they do look up to him. But they look to him for guidance in every situation. It wasn't long before the new MIA superintendent was called by Bishop John Burt to serve as his second counselor in the bishopric. When Bishop Burt was called a few weeks later to serve in the Temple of Eustache presidency, Tom was certain that award members serving on the High Council would be Bishop Burt's successor. To my amazement, Tom said, the call came to me. Here he was, 22 and a half years old serving award which had more than 1,000 members, including 85 widows and one of the largest welfare loads in the entire church. Bishop Monson chose men much senior to himself as counselors. We were installed on Sunday, May 7th, 1950. A fast day, Tom remembers, and immediately set to work. The old 6th Seventh Ward Chapel had begun refurbishment under the previous bishopric with the painting of its exterior. Bishop Monson followed this with extensive interior renovation including the installation of new benches. Ward members gladly provided the labor. Tom remembers, with the redecoration of the building and the rejuvenation of spirit, the ward literally came alive. Sacrament meeting attendance doubled, then quadrupled, completely filling the building. A large part of the congregation was elderly. I had a love for the older people, Tom said. These were good people who loved the Lord and kept His commandments. Even after His release as bishop, Tomas Monson continued to take a gift and visit every one of the 85 widows of the ward every Christmas for as long as each lived. It's interesting that he has been able to speak in every funeral for those 85 widows. That's an almost impossible feat given our travel, given our committee assignments, the other things that come in the life of a general authority. But with the hand of the Lord upon him, he was able to do that for each of those widows who had so requested it. On a winter night in 1951, young Bishop Monson responded to a knock at his door. A German church member from Ogden announced his brother's family was coming from Germany and would live in the sixth, seventh ward. He asked if the bishop would go with him to survey the apartment he had rented for them. On their way, the visitor Carl Gertler told Bishop Monson that he had not seen his brother Hans for many years. Arriving at the corner of 4th South and 2nd West, the two ascended a staircase. It isn't much, brother Gertler said, but it's more than they've had in Germany. As Bishop Monson surveyed the cold and inviting apartment, he recalls, I was heart sick. I thought, what a dismal welcome for a family that has endured so much. Tom did not sleep well that night. The next morning in Ward Welfare Committee meeting, one of his counselors asked, Bishop, is something wrong? And I told the committee members of my experience, it was as though the spirit of the Lord just enveloped us. And they said, what can we do about that, Bishop? Edward Early, the group leader of the High Priest book, said, I'm a master electrician and have three helpers. We'd like to rewire that place. And I have contacts with those who sell refrigerators and those who sell stoves. And I'll get one donated, a new one of each one of those. And then another person spoke up, namely a painter, contractor, Brother Bowden. He said, I'm a contractor for painting. And I can get my paint less than wholesale. And my crew and I will paint the house. And then that wonderful relief society president said, relief society women do not like empty cupboard shelves. We'll fill them. And we went about doing that. We had two weeks to do it. The night the Gertlers came, they showed the appearance of someone who shed many tears. And all the way up the staircase to the second floor, I remember Brother Gertlers saying, now it isn't much, Hans, it isn't much, but it's the best we could do. It's the best we could do. And then they opened the door, talked about a vision. There was a nice carpet laid by my counselor who was a contractor for carpet laying. And then there was the wallpaper all nice and new and painting nice. There was the Christmas tree all decorated. Absolutely everything anyone would need. I was 15. I was a very insecure teenager. We had not had a real home since before the war when our apartment building was bombed. So we always had to double up with other families and to walk into an apartment and to know it would be ours was just beyond comprehension to us. It was like a shock. I couldn't believe it.  As we left, and our little band who'd done all this work came out onto the street and they were silent and they said, why is it that this will be the best Christmas we've ever experienced? I said, do you remember the final verse of little town of Bethlehem? No ear may hear his coming, but in this world of sin where amic souls will receive him yet, the dear Christ enters in. He entered into the apartment. He entered into the lives of all who were part of that experience. As Bishop Monson matured in his responsibilities, he learned many lessons, among them the importance of following the Spirit and trusting in the Lord. One night, during a Stake Priesthood leadership meeting, he had the distinct impression that he should leave the meeting immediately and drive to the Veterans Hospital high on the avenues of Salt Lake City. Before leaving home that night, he had received a phone call informing him that an older member of his ward was ill and had been admitted to the hospital for care. Could the Bishop, the caller asked, find a moment to go by the hospital and give a blessing. The busy young Bishop explained he was just on his way to a meeting, but he would certainly go by the hospital afterward. Now, the prompting was stronger than ever. Leave the meeting and proceed to the hospital at once. Bishop Monson looked at the pulpit. The Stake President was speaking. He didn't see how he could stand in the middle of his talk and make his way over an entire row of men. Painfully, he waited out the final moments of the Stake President's message, then bolted for the door even before the benediction was announced. Running the full length of the corridor on the fourth floor of the hospital, the young Bishop saw a flurry of activity outside the designated room. A nurse stopped and said, are you Bishop Monson? Yes, he replied. I'm sorry, she said. The patient was calling your name just before he died. Fighting back tears, Bishop Monson walked back into the night. He vowed at that moment that he would never fail to act upon a prompting from the Lord. He would immediately follow the impressions of the Spirit wherever they led him. No one can understand President Thomas S. Monson who does not understand the frequency, the repetition of those kinds of spiritual promptings in his life and his absolute loyalty in responding to them. When I was called as a Bishop, I recognized I was the president of the priest corps and I wanted to get every boy out. There's one boy that never came and I thought to myself, I'm sitting here with the priest. They've got an advisor. I'll leave them to get the lesson from the advisor. I'm going to go find Richard Castro. I went over to his home, Mother Dabber home and they said he was working over at the West Temple garage. So I went over to 5th South and West Temple and the door was open but nobody there. And so I started looking around, you know, nobody. So I went around the back and there was one of these old fashioned grease pits and I looked down into the darkness and I could see two eyes looking at me. He said, you got me Bishop, I'll come up. And he came up out of the grease pit and we had a nice little visit there together. And I said, Richard, we need you. You have a way with people and I want to have every priest in attendance. Will you come? He said, I'll come. And he came. After that I served a mission. I was sealed to my wife in the temple. We have five great children. Two of them have served missions. I've served as a bishop twice. My children have a great love for him and my wife has a great love for him because of what he did for me. It was probably one of the greatest blessings that I had ever received in my life. During his service as bishop, two children were born to the Monson family. Tom in 1951 and Anne in 1954. Tom recalls, we felt as though life was very good to us, which it was. About this time, President Joseph Fielding Smith came to reorganize the temple view stake presidency. On Sunday, June 16, 1955, the general session of stake conference was held in the assembly hall on Temple Square. The ironic priesthood and bishoprics were providing the music. Joseph Fielding Smith stepped to the pulpit and announced the new stake presidency. Percy K. Fetzer, president. John R. Burt, first counselor. And Thomas S. Monson, second counselor. He then said, Bishop Monson knows nothing of this calling, but if he will accept it, we will be pleased to hear from him now. So I had to make the long walk from the choir seats down to the pulpit thinking, what am I gonna say? The song we had just sung concerned the word of wisdom. Have courage, my boy, to say no. Have courage, my boy, to say no. And I say my theme today is have courage, my boy, to say yes. And I do so with my heart and soul. Along with increasing church responsibilities, Tom was progressing in his career as well. In 1953, he was named Assistant General Manager of Deseret News Press. I don't know of anybody that Tom Monson dealt with that didn't love him. All of us in the automobile business and in the real estate business came to know and to love this good man, he just had the ability to reach out and touch hearts. In 1957, Tom and Francis spilled a new home for their family on a one-acre lot in the suburbs near Salt Lake. The move to a full acre on the outskirts of the city seemed like paradise to the young family. Then on February 21st, 1959, Tom was summoned to the office of Stephen L. Richards of the First Presidency. Thinking this meeting concerned the general handbook of instructions currently being printed, Tom was unprepared for what followed. President Richards called him to serve as President of the Canadian Mission. He indicated he should take a leave of absence from his employment and be prepared to depart in three weeks. When Tom returned home, he found Francis lying down, ill from the pregnancy of their third child. When I told her there was no question about what she would accept, when we told our children, our son Tommy said, oh boy, when do we go? We said in about three weeks. He said, great, when do we come back? We said in about three years. The reality of what was happening became clear. I can still remember the cold, snow-filled day when I rented a truck and we took our furniture from our dream home and prepared to leave Salt Lake City. It was an emotional day for Francis and for all of us. I noted that she stroked the door jam. There were tears in her eyes. We withdrew the children from school and then took the train to Toronto. The young family arrived at the mission home at 133 Lindhurst Avenue and immediately embarked on a tour of the very large mission. Then we realized, Tom said, that all the responsibility of presiding over the entire Canadian mission now was squarely upon our shoulders. He looked younger than half the missionaries in the field. He was thin and very athletic. He played basketball. He had played basketball with the elders. And we sensed in him a kind of a green missionary, someone who not that would ever think of taking advantage of him, but we thought, well, we have had six months on this mission present and there are some here that have been out two years. And we thought we could maybe teach him. We were dead wrong. On October 1st, 1959, Francis gave birth to their third child, Clark Spencer Monson. President Monson recalls, it was nice for the missionaries to have a new baby in the mission home. It seemed to bring a touch of their own families closer to them. 133 Lendhurst Avenue was a busy place to raise a growing family. With missionaries coming and going, Monson family rarely had dinner alone. Each night when it was about my bedtime, he would invite me into his office or I would knock on the door and go into his office. And he would pull out a checkerboard that he kept in one drawer and lay it out on his desk and I would sit by his desk and we would play checkers for 10 or 15 minutes. And that was something that was my time only with him and that I appreciated very much. Spurred on by their young mission president, the missionaries began to be more productive. Convert baptisms increased. The building program gained momentum. I was pleased with our progress, President Monson said. An attitude of success permeated the mission. In August 1960, Elder Markey Peterson of the Quorum of the Twelve came to Toronto to organize the Toronto Steak, the 300th Steak of the Church. The general sessions of this special steak conference were held in Toronto's Odeon Carlton Theatre. Every one of the 2,249 seats were filled. It was the largest percentage of members in attendance at a steak conference anywhere in the Church. I remember there was lots of excitement in the mission because it was the first steak that was organized in Eastern Canada and he announced that day who were to be the different leaders and when he got up and announced that I was to be the state primary president I was a little bit shocked because I'd never heard about it. So when we met after he said, I knew you'd say yes. And it was just thrilling for us as missionaries to be there and to know that we were finally a steak of the Church. After three years of labor, President Monson received a letter of honorable release from the first presidency. As we departed Toronto, we left a little of our hearts in this beautiful city but memories ever dear have been retained. Shortly after returning to Salt Lake City, Tom was named General Manager of the Deseret Press. He was now responsible for the largest printing plant west of the Mississippi. On Thursday afternoon, October 3rd, 1963, Tom was working at his office when a call came from Claire Middlemis, Secretary to President David O. McKay. After coming on the line and exchanging pleasantries, President McKay said, Brother Monson, could you visit with me sometime? After a positive response, President McKay said, could you come to the office now? Placing everything aside, Tom drove to Church Headquarters where he was ushered into the office of President McKay. He had me sitting next to him on a chair at the side of his desk named with great emotion. He said, Brother Monson, with the passing of President Henry D. Moyle, I've named Elder Nathan Elden Tanner to be my second counselor in the First Presidency. The Lord has called you to fill his place in the Council of the Twelve Apostles. Could you accept that calling? I was overcome, but finally assured him I could. He then welcomed me to the ranks of the General Authorities and indicated this would be a most rewarding experience and one where my talents and energies would be used to the maximum. Then he instructed me that I should tell no one except my wife and inform me that I would be sustained at the Friday morning session of conference the very next day. Returning home, Tom felt little like eating dinner. He told Francis he had some printing proofs to deliver and asked if she would like to come with him. They drove to the east bench of Salt Lake City and parked adjacent to This is the Place monument. Together they walked around the monument reading the inscriptions and pondering the pioneers and their heritage. As they returned to the car, Francis said, What's wrong? You have something on your mind. Then revealed to her the sacred nature of his call. That night neither of us slept very well, Tom said. My feet were like ice. The next morning at General Conference, Tom made his way toward members of the priesthood home teaching committee. As he was about to sit next to Hugh Smith, Hugh said, You don't want to sit there. Twice before the men sitting next to me were called to be general authorities, Tom took his seat regardless. It is now proposed that we sustain the following as members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Joseph Fielding Smith, Howard W. Hunter, Gordon B. Hinckley, and Thomas S. Monson. An astonished Hugh Smith whispered, Lightning has struck a third time. I pledge my life, all that I may have. I will strive to the utmost of my ability to be what you would want me to be. I'm grateful for the words of Jesus Christ, our Savior, when he said, I stand at the door and knock. If any man hear my voice and open the door, I will come into him. I earnestly pray, my brothers and sisters, that my life might merit this promise from our Savior. In the name of Jesus Christ, amen. The following week, a special meeting of the First Presidency and Council of the Twelve and the Salt Lake Temple, Thomas S. Monson was ordained an apostle and set apart as a member of the Council of the Twelve. Elder Monson said, it was one of the most dramatic days of my life. Major responsibilities came almost immediately. He was named as Chairman of the Adult Correlation Committee as Advisor to the Young Men and Young Women's Organizations, Chairman of the Church Leadership Committee and Area Supervisor for Missionary Work in the Western United States. In 1965, assignments among the Twelve were rotated. Elder Monson was assigned to supervise the missions of the South Pacific, including Australia, New Zealand, and the Islands of Polynesia. During his first visit to Samoa, he visited the small village of Soniatu and spoke at the church school to a large gathering of small children. As the closing hymn was announced, Elder Monson suddenly felt compelled to personally greet each of the 247 children. Checking the clock, he saw that time was too short and discounted the impression. Then, just prior to the closing prayer, he again felt a strong impression to shake the hand of each child. Upon communicating this desire, the instructor and children were overcome with joy. The instructor then revealed the reason for their relation. He said when they learned a member of the Twelve was coming, he told the children if each would earnestly pray and exert great faith, the apostle would be impressed to greet each child with a personal hand-clasp. Tears could not be restrained, Elder Monson said. As each of these precious children walked past to spread a sweet tolova lava. The people of the Pacific Islands have such great faith. On one occasion I accompanied President Hubey Brown on an assignment to Samoa. We were met by local members who told us of the extreme drought that plagued the area. The members said they had been fasting and asked President Brown and me to join them in a supplication to our Heavenly Father that moisture would come. This we did. During the general meeting at the church school, we heard the clap of thunder and soon the heavens opened and the rain descended making such a noise that one could scarcely hear as the rain pouted upon the tin roof of the building. President Brown turned to me and said, smiling, now that we got it turned on, how do we turn it off? As we concluded the meeting and went to the small airport, we overheard a New Zealand pilot who had just landed speaking to one of the airline personnel. He said, I don't understand it. Not a cloud in the sky except over the Mormon school at Mapusanga. President Brown turned to me and said, go tell him why. I gladly did. During his years as a member of the 12, Elder Monson made weekly visits to the stakes of the church. These assignments were always made by the president of the 12 who announced them at the conclusion of their weekly temple meeting. I liked this approach, Elder Monson said, for I could then feel that the assignments I received came from inspiration. Such was the case in Shreveport, Louisiana where he experienced one of the most sacred events of his life. The weekend of August 24th, 1974, Elder Monson had been assigned to El Paso, Texas. Several days prior, President Ezra Taft Benson called Elder Monson to his office. He asked if he would mind being assigned elsewhere. Then President Benson said, Brother Monson, I feel impressed to have you visit the Shreveport, Louisiana stake. On the evening of Friday, August 23rd, Elder Monson arrived in Shreveport. The next day was filled with meetings at the stake center.  Her name was Crystal Methvin. Elder Monson asked if she would be at the conference or if she were in a Shreveport hospital. President Kegel barely whispered that Crystal was confined to her home some 80 miles from Shreveport. Elder Monson examined the schedule. Even his return flight, there was simply no time. An alternative plan was made to remember the young girl in the public prayers at stake conference. On that basis, the schedule of meetings resumed. When we were informed that Elder Monson could not come, we were deeply disappointed. When the tumor had spread to the lungs and the brain, we had decided that we wanted to take Crystal to Salt Lake and have her given a blessing by a general authority. We looked at a picture of the general authorities and we looked at a picture of Elder Thomas S. Monson and we showed Crystal this picture. And she looked at it and she said, he looks like a very nice man. I think he's the right one. We never made that flight to Salt Lake due to her health situation. We knew that she could not make the flight. We informed her that it wasn't going to happen. Her response was, well, if I can't go to Elder Monson, then surely he could come to me. When we learned Elder Monson was going to come to our stake conference, we were elated because we thought our prayers were answered. But when we heard that he couldn't make the trip on further south to see us and then give Crystal a blessing, we didn't know what to think. But we did the only thing that we knew to do and that was to place in the hands of the Lord. And so, as a family we knelt in prayer. As the Methvin family prayed, the clock in the stake center showed 7.45 p.m. Elder Monson was sorting his notes, preparing to step to the pulpit during a leadership meeting when he heard a voice speak to his spirit. The message was brief. Suffer the little children to come unto me and forbid them not for of such is the kingdom of God. Elder Monson made a decision. The meeting schedule was changed. He turned to Bishop James Sarah and asked him to leave the meeting and advise the Methvins. And while we were praying the phone rang and Bishop Sarah, Bishop in one of the wards in Shreveport informed us that Elder Monson would be in our home the next morning and that he asked us if we would fast with him and he would be there to give Crystal the blessing. I've been in hallowed places even holy houses but never have I felt more strongly the presence of the Lord than in the Methvin home.  So strong was the spirit that I felt in my knees took her hand in mine and said simply Crystal, I'm here. She whispered, Brother Monson I just knew you would come. I looked around the room no one was standing each was on bended knee a blessing was given a faint smile crossed Crystal's face her whispered thank you provided an appropriate benediction quietly we each filed from the room four days later as Crystal's name was remembered in the prayer circle of the first presidency and council of the 12 the pure spirit are Crystal Methvin left his diseased ravaged body and entered the paradise of God I bear witness that Jesus of Nazareth does love little children he listens to their prayers and responds to them the master did indeed his words, suffer the little children to come unto me and forbid them not for of such is the kingdom of God I know these are the words he spoke to the throng gathered on the coast of Judea for I've read them I know these are the words he spoke to an apostle on a Simon and Shreve Port Louisiana for I heard them He and I were leaving a large meeting and suddenly he saw a woman, a young girl and her family in need and felt immediately to attend to that and let the meeting start without us if necessary the people of Europe and the people of the world are grateful to have a leader with these wonderful talents a man who focuses on the one but has a heart for the whole world I remember standing with four or five German saints in the cold and rain on a hilltop overlooking the city of Dresden and rededicating the land as I offered the prayer and spoke the words may this be the dawning of a new day for the church in this land we heard a rooster crow in the valley below a church bell began to chime and suddenly a warmth on my hands and face I opened my eyes to see that the clouds had parted an array of sunshine engulfed a tiny point where our small band stood we knew it was a confirmation from our Heavenly Father that the prayer was heard and would be answered One of the wonderful blessings and pronouncements he made was members in East Germany will have all the privileges of members of all the membership around the world including the temples and through his efforts following through with meeting with political leaders the Freibach temple came and blessed the people in a marvelous and wonderful way It weren't for Brother Moss there would be little for our saints in this power of Europe the President has given to those people including the shirt off his back I mean it I've seen him give away his shirts and his suits to those destitute saints in Eastern Europe he says they're used old ones that he's going to throw away anyway but they always looked brand new to me During his years in the 12 one of his most important assignments was serving as Chairman of the Scripture Publication Committee Over many years Elder Monson had an exhaustive process involving hundreds of scholars designers, technicians and printers which eventually resulted in new additions of all four standard works of the church Thomas S. Monson had a unique qualification for that he was a printer and he knew paper texture, binding he was the one that went back and forth to England to check the publications and so we had Bruce McConkey and myself and him that worked through those years to accomplish that really a great endeavor equal to almost anything I know of that's happened in my lifetime In 1979 as President Monson was touring the Cambridge plant he looked at one of the press lines and saw pull the sheet from the end of the press and saw what was a mistake the important column rule had been omitted Cambridge was amazed that they hadn't found it but he did and he was there to correct what could have been an omission of some significance In addition to his apostolic labor Elder Monson has been called upon to render significant civic duties as well he served as a member of the Utah Board of Regents the governing body for higher education in the state served for decades on the national executive board of the Boy Scouts of America and as a member of President Ronald Reagan's task force for private sector initiatives Individuals are served not 6,000 at a time or not 13 million at a time they're served one by one I was at breakfast this morning with three brothers who had lost their father one of them mentioned President Monson and he said he's my favorite he just inspires me this is a 16 year old boy he always considers himself our really good friend I think something that always makes me laugh is a quote by Elder Fouse he once said that if he could kind of start over he'd like to come back as one of President Monson's grandchildren I had overheard my grandpa saying something to my grandma like we need to make more memories for the children and my grandma would always just roll her eyes and be like oh no, what has he got up his sleeve now In June 1985 Elder and Sister Monson traveled to the German Democratic Republic for the long awaited dedication of the Freiburg Temple For me the dedication marked the completion of 17 years of service to the membership of the church and the German Democratic Republic the completion of the house of the Lord in that setting is a latter day miracle the tremendous faith of the members coupled with the wish of God's prophet caused the barriers of man and governments to collapse before the mighty will of a divine providence Following the dedication Elder and Sister Monson flew to Frankfurt and participated in groundbreaking services for the Frankfurt Germany Temple Next stop was Stockholm, Sweden where Elder Monson hosted the King and Queen of Sweden at the open house of the new Stockholm Temple President Hinckley described this as the most significant week which witnessed two temple dedications and the groundbreaking for a third as the most significant week in the history of the church in Europe It was indeed such as well as one of the most significant periods of my life and ministry On November 10th 1985 after 22 years of service in the council of the 12 apostles Elder Monson was called by President Ezra Taft Benson to serve as second counselor in the first presidency Nine years later he was called a second counselor to President Howard W. Hunter and in 1995 as first counselor to President Gordon B. Hinckley President Monson has made a tremendous contribution to the presidents of the church that he has served He's a wise counselor He knows the church He knows the organization He knows the needs of the people and so when he would give counsel it was always very very much on target On February 3rd 2008 Thomas S. Monson was ordained and set apart as the 16th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints His impact can be seen now that the mantle of the prophet has fallen on him in even a greater and more marvelous way I've seen it I can testify of that I have seen how he has changed from a marvelous man to the prophet of God He has been guided He's been led He's been prompted He's been refined He's had all those experiences that a prophet has to prepare one to speak in the name of the Lord to be the president of this church and to guide the destiny of the kingdom of God on earth He's all he should be to be president of the church Particularly, he isn't some of the things he shouldn't be to be president of the church He's absolutely without guile He came from an ordinary family He's an ordinary man that's done extraordinary things I've time and time again the spirit of God come upon him and both in the capacity to bear testimony of the Savior and to know what God would have him do and he has a complete commitment to do whatever he's inspired to do for the Lord I have a testimony of this great work in which we're engaged I don't know when I first obtained it I think it came step by step from goodly parents I've always had a testimony The sweetest experience I know in life is to feel a prompting and act upon it and later find out that it was the fulfillment of someone's prayer or someone's need and I always want the Lord to know that if he needs an air and run Tom Watson who will run that errand for him I'm so grateful for his example and that's whom we serve This is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints I honor that name I honor this church the work is true and I testify of that truth from the depths of my soul and would say may God bless us everyone in the name of Jesus Christ Amen