I'm Ben Galbraith, and I'm Dion Almer, and we're on the Chrome team where we work on the web platform and We'll be tag-teaming throughout this talk as we share with you some highlights of what's new on Chrome and the web And since last year's Google I.O. We've had three major anniversaries in September Chrome turned 10 years old and to celebrate we shipped a major update to Chrome's UI in In the same month Google Monk 20 years pursuing its mission of organizing the world's information and Two months ago the web celebrated its 30th birthday, so I guess the web is kind of a real grown-up now I guess we're headed to Middle-Age. Oh So it was back in 1989 that Tim Berners-Lee described this vision that he had for the web And I love this concept of a space where everything can be linked to everything And I think this captures the spirit of the web and what makes it special in today's landscape It's this sort of massive Global-scale open platform where all of us can freely connect with each other and where a new experience is just a link away And the web's future depends on all of us working together to adapt and improve it to meet the needs of our evolving world This need to collaborate is why we work on the open-source Chromium project as we work to improve the web platform And we're really excited that Chromium is used by so many different browsers all around the world So the web has come so far over the past three decades This is the world's first web page up here from simple documents to really really sophisticated modern websites And so as we think about the next three decades, we ask ourselves what lies ahead We have three major goals for the work that we're doing to improve the web platform First we want to enable users to traverse the web Instantly no matter where they are in the world and this and this helps ensure that people keep Exploring and finding new content and it builds this rich diversity that we value so much on the web Second major goal is expanding the power of the web Which enables people to find all of the world's information and services on the platform And it really brings this vision of everything connected to everything on the platform to life Our third major goal is ensuring that as people navigate the web, they're kept safe And so this afternoon we're gonna update you on some of the work that we've been doing in these three areas So let's start with loading links instantly Back in the early days, you know the dialogue modem era. Does this bring back any any memories? I don't know if they're good memories or bad ones. They're really good memories. This was fun, man. This was fun. I guess Back in the dial-up era High-speed connections were kind of limited to institutions. You didn't really have them at home But today broadband is everywhere and we increasingly have blazingly fast connections even in our pockets The instant web is here. Okay are achieved Except it's really not really in no if you look at the data we're product managers. Sometimes we do that In real-world conditions the web can be pretty far from instant. These are stats from HTTP archive Which has a corpus of about five million URLs that it retrieves over the world from a data center in the US on Average it takes six seconds before the web page even starts to paint And it takes nine seconds before users could even start interacting with the web page And then when you start to consider other areas of the world with poorer connectivity or a sort of emerging Entry-level devices it can be much much worse And what's more web pages are constantly getting bigger nearly doubling in size over the past three years to an average total of 1.6 megs And we found that users are really sensitive to loading speed This is from a recent study from the company sosta the respected performance testing firm They found that even just one second increases in loading times cause big conversion decreases for developers, it's a really really important area This is why we've invested so much energy through the years and adding new web platform features Throughout the stack that enable developers to improve the performance of their sites Such as preload and prefetch to make sure the browser knows what to prioritize for the current page and Confetch what you think will be needed for the next one And the developers who take advantage of all these improvements that are landing in the web consistently see big big gains for example Wayfair the popular retailer recently optimized their site and saw a ten percent increase in their year-over-year conversion rates and Times Internet did a similar optimization and increased their average session duration by 31 percent We used to work in retail and fight for like basis point improvements That's a big improvement are massive gains and again. It's consistent whenever developers put in this effort For example, we spent a bunch of effort over the last year Optimizing chromes initial page load performance and you can really see these gains on entry-level Android devices Where we've gotten it down to half the time Much of these gains are powered by improvements with made to VA our JavaScript engine And this is so important because JavaScript size has grown 50% as well And it's great to see new features that developers seem to really like like a sink away Really get a lot faster as the VM team really kind of supercharges it Okay, a big part of the increase that Dion was talking about comes from images and you know images are great Especially as our world becomes more visual, but they also lead to a lot of bloat for example The average page transfers 840 kilobytes of images Which is two times bigger than it was three years ago And so with this in mind We've added a new feature to the platform lazy loading that helps and it does this by loading only the images that are Required for the user to see and it automatically manages the loading of new images as the user scrolls and it addresses two problems first It's just a waste of data to send images down to a user that they're never going to see and to we found that Mobile entry-level devices really struggle when they try to download a lot of images Simultaneously they start to thrash and can lead to a really sluggish experience for users All you need to do is add the new loading that lazy tag to your image tags and Chrome manages the rest It detects the connection speed of the user to decide when to load and It retrieves the first two kilobytes of the image to figure out what the size of the placeholder should be We're also extending this feature to iframes so that they can also be lazily loaded and This is in canary and you can play with it today Great so to help you keep up with all of these platform improvements a few years ago We introduced a tool called lighthouse It's built right into Chrome DevTools and it analyzes your site to tell you exactly how to use all of the latest of the platforms features To optimize your site's performance Once you do the work to get your site fast though You want to keep it that way and with a large team adding features. It's really easy to regress What we're seeing with successful developers are they continuously measure their websites and they set performance budgets Partners like Pinterest and Unico Canada saw an improvement in both business metrics and user engagement when they focus on performance and implemented budgets So we love this practice so much. We wanted to add support right into lighthouse and we did that today It's really simple to set up you get a configuration in a JSON file And you just set different resource limits or set different metrics that you want to hit then take lighthouse It's easy to integrate into your continuous integration server and that's it So you can open up the newest release of lighthouse and start budgeting About a year and a half ago. We released the Chrome user experience report This is a massive corpus of Chrome performance data that tells you exactly How your users are experiencing your site all across the world and it also shows you how your competitors are doing We've been steadily expanding this Corpus of data it's now has about six million sites and you can get to the raw data and Explore it using Google Cloud's BigQuery product and we've also been integrating it into our performance tooling like HTTP archive and Page speed insights and we have a new integration that we're announcing today on our search console We're now there's a new speed report that gives you insights at the URL level and also gives you aggregated information about how groups of pages can be improved and Then to go even deeper on your sites the Firebase team announced Firebase performance monitoring earlier today This lets you instrument your own sites to gather an even wider array of real user metrics and it's all for free There's one more small performance feature I want to tell you about and it's called paint holding to understand what this one we need to look at one of my favorite sites It's uh, I don't know how to pronounce this. Oh, whoa, whoa, whoa awards. I think it's awards It's a fantastic award site for a web design. It's really fast, which is great But there's this white flash when you transition between pages, which is really annoying take a look I'm gonna play it now we click on the performance center and You get the flash so This is actually a feature from our perspective the flash you just saw because we want to show the user that Chrome is being responsive and that we're going out and we're loading the page And so we immediately clear the page the site or the browser as soon as we start that process to show you that something's happening But in this case it happens nearly instantaneously and so the flash is just really annoying So with paint holding we now look at the page is being loaded and if it's responding fast enough We get rid of the flash so I'll replay the video with this feature turned on and you'll see a Really seamless transition. So this flag is available in canary today So this is just a highlight of the work that we're doing to make the web more instant We'd also like to preview a couple of longer-term efforts that we have underway That have the potential to take the web much further in this direction and to talk about one of them I'd like to invite Barb on to the stage. Please welcome Barb Thank You Ben Hi, I'm Barb Pulsar. I work on the chrome and web partnerships team helping partners test new web capabilities and one of the things that we've been working on is a new page transition experience Today as we click through links We feel the transition of leaving one site and moving to the next and when an iFrame loads It's a window to another site, but you can't go through that window to the other site Portals make that possible Portals are like iFrames that you can navigate to when a user opens a portal The portal becomes the top-level page with associated APIs to support free prefetching enhanced transitions and the exchange of contextual information Portals enable fluid composed journeys within or across sites So portals are very new and we have a demo to show you why we are so excited about their potential So we'll start at this imaginary meal planning site which aggregates recipes from other sites Now the first thing that catches my eye is this avocado toast naturally. We're in the Bay Area But I'm looking for a dinner recipe So I will save this one to the imaginary social site nom-nom When I click the share button the share card will open in a portal I'm now on nom-nom's domain, but the meal plan site appears to persist in the background This is thanks to the adopt predecessor function in portals which allows the origin page to share context with the destination page So I'll save this recipe which will close the portal so that I can keep browsing Normally each of the recipes on this page might link directly to a destination site But here they're all embedded portals Which with the help of prefetching can empower developers to build cool things Like this peeking experience where I can preview a page on another site while I'm still on the meal plan site And when I finally find a recipe that I want and click through to get my ham and spinach Sammy This portal transition is so smooth you don't feel it, but here we are on another site So this recipe looks great. I'd like to buy the ingredients This recipe site is now ready to hand off my shopping list by zipping through Another portal to a grocery site where I can check out Now the shopping list handoff was accomplished by another function called portal activate options Which sends information from the origin page to the destination page This animation could also be a nice distraction if you're waiting for the destination page to render So at the end of this journey we have used four creative portal transitions across four sites in one composed instant experience Now portals also have a very strong single site use case Enabling the smooth transitions of a single-page app without having to rearchitect a multi-page website So here we've built up if I can go back And show that video So me Go forward back to you. There we go. So I hope we can see the animation There we go So here we built a demo for hetena and young jump webcomics the Japanese manga brand showing these SPA like transitions on their multi-page site So we have just launched the portals API as an experimental feature behind a flag in canary And we're really eager for developer community the developer community to uncover new use cases for portals And also share your feedback with us. So now I will hand it back to Ben for another part of the instant web vision Thanks bar So we've got one more standard. We want to talk to you about this one's called web packaging So with packaging the model for loading web pages Changes from today's model, which we all understand where the browser requests a page from an origin server To a new model where developers create a signed package that contains the page and the browser can load it from anywhere even potentially other pure devices and This can enable privacy safe preloading models because the data to fetch the package doesn't go back to the origin server And it gives the browser tremendous flexibility to preload pages more of the time The first phase of web packaging signed exchanges is available in Chrome canary today and We believe when you look at the emerging web packaging and portal standards They have potential over time to enable a more seamless instant web with packaging enabling privacy safe preloading and Portals enabling seamless transitions and we'd love your feedback on both Okay, now we'd like to shift gears and talk about some of what we're doing to make the web more powerful That's right fast instant loading is a really exciting vision and magical when it works But it's only the beginning of the story what really matters is what the user can do once the website is loaded New capabilities for the web are regularly becoming available and over the past year We've continued our efforts to expand what's possible on the web rolling out APIs that bring powerful capabilities to you So, you know when I think about cool websites, I normally think about movie websites So maybe we should see someone using the real power of the web some big motion picture from this year to see How they really merchandise movie and yeah, let's take a look at one. I meant Avengers I meant the it may not be what we had in mind actually This is the captain Marvel website It kind of fits the 30th anniversary theme. You've got a nice midi file playing in the back row It's very retro. It's very like retro and I love how quirky and fun the web can be well played Marvel But seriously, what can you do with the new platform capabilities to show us a real example? Let's welcome Paul to the stage. Please welcome Paul Thanks doubts Hi everyone, I'm Paul Lewis. I'm a software engineer on the chrome team now We've been thinking about the camera How developers use it and what that could mean for the web because I think most of us are used to the idea that you Can get links from a web page But what if you could get links from objects in the real world because many of them have QR codes bar codes product logos images and that kind of thing and it's The case that when you're in say in a store and you're looking at a product rather than thumb typing if you could just Hold the product up to the camera and get some information inside of the PWA. That'll be really useful And it's that kind of scenario. We've had in mind as we've been working on a thing that we call the web perception toolkit Which I'm going to try and give you a demonstration of now. So if we could switch across to the device marvelous Okay, so what I have here is the I owe web sandbox scanner PWA quite a mouthful I'm sure you'll agree But what it lets me do is it lets me scan items from our sandbox out there. I Also have something that I actually really like which is this like 3d printed Chromedino thing it's amazing. Do I want this? Yes, I do right marvelous and it has a barcode so what I'm going to do is I'm going to start this up Which is our scanner so this is using the web perception toolkit first thing it does is it starts up a camera feed And a couple of detectors in the background So what I'm going to do is I'm going to try and scan the barcode if I can with the lighting Being as it is. There it is. Okay, so it's detected the barcode and you see it's put this card on the screen Now that's not magic. I've already told the perception toolkit what I'm looking for by putting some Stricture data inside of the PWA. I told it what I'm looking for and what I wanted to put in the card When that's found so I've given it the image in the title and so on and so forth This card that you're seeing is also part of the web perception toolkit Now in order to do the scanning We use the shape detection api Which is a brand new web platform api that lets you do qr code and barcode detection As well as face detection and text detection if your device supports it But it's a brand new api So it might not be available everywhere So in that case we also use web assembly to provide the same qr code and barcode scanning functionality So we're maximizing support and performance by doing it this way So from here, I can say go into the details of the thing that I scanned And if this was a shopping experience, you could imagine I could add to cart and go on my way Now that's one thing But what we also wanted to do was to be able to support images So i'm going to scan something else for you So i'm going to go back out here. I'm going to scan again Now what I have here on my io badge is the squoosh logo Squoosh is a pwa that we announced at chrome dev summit last year I put the sticker on my badge and i'm going to try and see if I can get it to scan which it just did That's pretty cool Again, it's the same kind of structured data that's in the pwa that's actually identifying this logo for me So from here, not only can I view details as I did before I can also launch it because it's an app Off we go to our pwa and we're happy and we're on our way Right That's the end of the kind of official demo a bit except Well, I want to do bonus round What I want to do is show you something a little bit extra that I put in in the last couple of days So you heard barb talk about portals And up until a couple of days ago I hadn't had chance to play with it And I thought I could add it to that pwa LOL That'll be a great idea If you're up for it, I'll show it to you. So are you up for it? Yeah Okay, this is what's known as a high stakes maneuver because I'm going to be loading chrome canary with flags In a keynote in front of a lot of people So if it goes Badly it never happened the official demo was amazing and flawless If it goes well, we whoop we holler we cheer we high five and we call this a good one. Does that sound okay? All right, okay Here goes. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to go to chrome canary Same pwa that you saw before start scanning Here we go initializing the detector and It detects it now watch what happens when I tap the launch Here we go flips over I'm going to squish that out So if you don't have it You just get the normal experience if you do have portals you get that wonderful transition And with that I'll say wait, can we go back to the slides? Yes. That's what I'll say next Marvelous So if you've enjoyed that and you want more information Do check out the website, which is perception toolkit dev or come and see us in the sandbox over the next few days And we'll run you through all the things that we've been working on. Thank you very much Thank you. Paul Okay, so Paul mentioned how they're able to use web assembly to provide compatibility When some of the apis they needed weren't available wanted to show you another example of Google property that's been using web assembly for a fantastic desktop experience. This is google duo It uses the modern web media stack For video capture and streaming of course But it uses web assembly to bring their native library for echo detection Seamlessly to the web and it can be installed and run in its own top-level window With web apps in a lot of momentum now on desktop We wanted to improve the discovery flow and make it easier for users to install their favorite web apps right to their desktop So starting in chrome 76 Chrome's going to be showing an installation prompt right within the omnibox for pwa's across all desktop platforms There's who loo shows here PWA's on desktop came to chrome os first late last year to enable web apps that need full windows support and common desktop app capabilities Today we've extended that support to windows mac and linux and we love how web apps fit right into these desktop operating systems Also happy to share that slack is embracing this new desktop installation model And they're rolling out an offline enabled web powered version of their desktop app later this year And our own stadia service while we're talking about desktop was able to use new capabilities that have recently come to the web platform To use full access to the keyboard and the mouse and to have low latency controller support Really challenging our notions of what's possible in a browser And we're still making lots of integration improvements on mobile 2 We launched trusted web activities to give developers the best way to put full screen web content into an android app Oil rooms, which is india's largest affordable hotels network Use trusted web activities to power a light version of their experience Which is a common pattern that we're seeing with partners in certain markets Their web team had already built a high quality pwa that they could then easily leverage And we continue to bring core capabilities to mobile Here we see the indian company Mintra sharing products with their pwa using android's native share sheet And the twitter pwa uses the web share target api to tell the system that it can accept the shared link Deon's talking about twitter What I love here is it shows an example of the full progressive web app vision Because from a single code base and experience they're able to scale across the full spectrum of devices Going from feature phones all the way to high powered desktop devices It's the dream it is the dream my friend And speaking of feature phones We've noticed that a certain class of web enabled feature phone are becoming very popular In emerging markets and as we saw this trend we asked ourselves How far we could push it and so we decided to try and create a really rich game Using the web that would run really well on this form factor as well as larger form factors And with the whole 30 year anniversary theme it was a good excuse to kind of look back And I don't remember about you, but I wasted quite a few hours playing minesweeper back in the day And so it got us thinking what would it 2019 we've got a fan in the back minesweeper It teaches you how to yeah, what would a 2019 version of minesweeper look like? We call it prox So this game here for us to hit our performance budget We wanted to use libraries to be productive, but also small enough in size So this led us to be using pre-act for our ui comlink to help us use workers to do more off the main thread And roll up to deliver tight builds Prox loads incredibly fast as it only needs 18k to be interactive Which is actually a lot smaller than the original windows game. That is amazing And it also supports the feature phones that ben was talking about earlier At the same time we want visuals that you can expect from a modern game that runs at 60 frames a second And we want people relying on assistive technologies to be able to enjoy our game as well So we made accessibility a first-class citizen So did we succeed in building an interactive game that works across all devices? You be the judge go to prox.app to play and you can find all of the source code available on github And then to see how this was built join the team that made it during their session on thursday We're also working to integrate the web with assistance and to show some of what we're doing I'd like to invite Dana to the stage to tell us more. Please welcome Dana Thank you, Ben Hi, my name is Dana Ritter I'm the product manager behind the technology that Sundar introduced earlier today duplex on the web Duplex on the web is the technology that helps you get things done But it doesn't only help you get things done. It can also help you get things done in your own language This is extremely interesting when we consider Many many people coming online that interact online and interact in the internet But not on the predominant languages that are supported Consider for a moment. There are approximately 500 000 people speaking Hindi that are online but not very well-serviced by The set of e-commerce sites that are available to them I'd like to show a demo from Xiaomi a leading smart phone brand in India And on this basis, you'll see what we can provide imagine for a moment. I'm a hindi speaker in India Ideally I would like to be able to search browse and buy all in my own language Even if the underlying websites in English So first search as you can see we already support hindi from searching perspective Now I can come with google shopping in India and I can browse The power bank I want here. We'll choose the second one Google shopping will provide for me details of that power bank Partially translated right now in hindi. We're working as we speak on the entire experience being translated And to complete the cycle of buy that's where duplex on the web steps in This blue button here translated says fast checkout Once I click that duplex on the web opens chrome Goes to the underlying website from Xiaomi It's in English as you can see But duplex in the well wet on the web will help me in hindi I can see all my information. I can see the product. I'm interested in Looks good. I'm going to check out As you move forward duplex on the web leverages chrome the information that's stored in addresses and payment information To navigate all the cumbersome forms Of course, we adhere as well to all the privacy and security concerns That are extremely important from a chrome perspective as well as from the website Here I'll have to enter my my security code for my credit card I enter that information But I'd like to see a summary of my purchase before I'm done Duplex on the web navigates to the site to show me my summary the summary of the purchase tax total Sends me a notification and my power bank is on the way This technology We're very excited to bring to users partners and web developers specifically for web developers You'll be able to go to the search console To see the status of your site as it relates to duplex on the web the relative health You'll also be able to provide a test account For duplex on the web to understand what your site looks like beyond the the login That helps increase the quality of the experience for your users And finally We'd also offer additional control for web developers for configuring the robots txt file to be able to restrict different parts of the site If that's something that you'd like to do As Sundar said earlier today We'll carefully roll out this technology first in the showtime space and rental cars And that will be followed on by a shopping experience much like you've seen here Thank you very much Ben back to you Thank you Dana It's fantastic to see the assistant open up parts of the web to even more of the world with the translation capabilities So we've talked about a bunch of new capabilities that the web now has And more capabilities are coming. There's a steady stream of new capabilities in the pipeline These are just a some of my favorites can't wait to have native file system access The ability to expand quota Contacts picker integration the ability for web apps to integrate with mime types in the os sms based authentication and more And these are really going to take the web even further towards this vision. We have of linking everything together As we bring these capabilities to the platform We often compare it to a fugu fish Because fugu fish can be a really delicious delicacy unless it's prepared wrong in which case it kills you And so as we thread the needle on the web between power and safety We're very mindful of the need to preserve what makes the web greatest of all Which is that it has safety design first to keep users safe as they navigate and explore all across the world So this is a good opportunity to transition to the last section of our talk And share what else we're working on to keep users safe Of course, this has always been a big focus for us at chrome When we first rolled out we had the auto updating feature that was if you remember controversial at the time But he wouldn't remember how controversial that was Surely the mind sweeper person can give me a little bit of a hand. It was a really controversial feature We did it Because we wanted to make sure that users always had the latest security fixes We also have features like safe browsing to protect users against known bad sites And then since last i o we rolled out site rolled out site isolation a major update to chrome's multiprocess architecture chromes always put tabs in its own process both for stability and security But site isolation takes this to the next level by isolating cross domain content within a page as shown here on this iframe Into its own process This aligns the os process boundary with the web security model We also rolled out rolled out the latest phases in our multi-year effort to move the web to htdps by default Flipping the ui model around URLs to one where we assume htdps As the transplore and warn the user when it's htdp And when they're at risk of sending data in the clear Over the past three years we've seen htdps page loads on windows go from 42 to 82 percent Which we think is a significant security and privacy win for users on the web And it won't be possible without the broad community such as the let's encrypt initiative So we've also been working to address user feedback about tracking on the web And as we do that we've been focused on giving users transparency and choice Over how they're tracked on the web through easy to use controls We want this to be a powerful and very useful feature And so we're working with users to get this right and we'll preview user-facing features later this year Today we're sharing our plans around changes to how cookies work in chrome to support transparency and control features in browsers Let me explain So today when we as developers set a cookie it's visible by default in both first party and third party contexts Now this enables tracking and it also leaves cookies that were really intended for use only by the same site Exposed more broadly by default It also means that browsers need to rely on guesswork Based on observing how cookies are accessed to understand both the intent of the developer And to provide transparency to users as to what's happening Moving forward Chrome will make all cookies limited to first party contexts by default And will require developers to explicitly mark a cookie as needing third party visibility Which creates a clear distinction between first party and third party cookies and enhances web safety As a developer to make cookies third party visible You just need to add a new setting called same site none to the cookie Later We will also require that third party cookies only be served over https connections, which further enhances web security Both of these states are available now for testing in chrome canary behind flags And you can see web.dev for more technical details We'll roll out these changes to users over the coming months Starting with the first party cookie change. I just described and later with the https requirement for third party cookies Now some developers attempt to track users with a technique known as browser fingerprinting This involves looking at things like http headers or invoking javascript apis to build a profile Of what makes the user's browser Unique and then you can use this to create a type of signature that you use to follow the user around as they navigate the internet We see these efforts as subverting user choices about tracking And so chrome is announcing that we will work to block fingerprinting and we'll share more details in the coming months But we're sharing this now to make clear our commitment to user privacy As we make these and other changes we're taking care to preserve the health of the web ecosystem But we're also Clearly putting users first and their choices We see this as a journey that's similar in scope to what dion described earlier with moving to https by default And we'll work with the full web community to refine our plans And we need your feedback to make sure we get this right So phishing is a major problem on the web And we've been working with the phyto alliance and the w3c on a new web standard to help The result is web authentic which brings two factor authentication to the web And can enable your web apps to take advantage of modern devices with hardware tokens built in A fantastic best practice we're seeing is using biometric checks on the device when users have previously signed in In fact here at google we're rolling out support for web off end with passwords.google.com as a real authentication model And this isn't just about usability Our friends at yahoo japan shipped fingerprint real and improved tied to sign in by 37.5 percent Okay, so to wrap up Speed remains incredibly important And take advantage of the platform enhancements and tools that we've made to move your site closer to an instant experience And check out portals and packaging and give us feedback Because we see this as having big potential to redefine the future of an instant web capabilities of the web are expanding faster than ever take advantage of the new features so that users can do more on your site Right in the browser and easily re-engage afterwards leading to higher conversions for your business And prepare for the upcoming privacy changes that are coming to chrome And consider integrating web off end into your site So there's so much good stuff coming. We really want to help you keep up with the latest features and best practices for the web That's why we created a new site web.dev to help It's a straightforward guide to teach you how to build on the modern web with interactive codelabs on the most important topics And with lighthouse integrated we can help tailor the guidance based on your websites and help monitor your progress Including how to optimize popular web frameworks like react CMS is like wordpress all for top performance Web.dev is here to help you build the instant powerful safe web that we hope to browse together You're also all invited to join us in six months at the chrome dev summit in san francisco Where we'll share more progress on these themes, and I think we'll bring some avocado toast from I was wondering if you're going to go for that line. Cool. Hey, have a great i o and thanks for joining us this afternoon Take care


Welcome to the vlog everyone. We made it to the Bahamas only Tom is here The rest of everyone are going through customs right now Taylor did it were her matching hat to the airport And I'm a little bit offended, but it's gonna be nice. I was hoping we get to the line Oh, should we have Tom take one of us in our suitcases? Yeah, I would love that. Thanks Tom. Subscribe for me here We're going through our suitcase right now, and I like pulling out things to potentially wear tonight and We both have the same dress with the tags on Kind of a vibe also these shoes I was cute with it. I know The chances of me like making it out in these shoes for like a night out all night Oh, I have our shoes like that too, but like my juicy bag matches itself. It's so perfectly. Yeah. Oh, yeah Okay, we're the exact same so if you do it, I can do it like let's do it together tonight Yes, they're the same and then I'll be like Taylor's doing it. So I can do it. Yes Okay, perfect, and then you wrap these around the ankle. Yeah, that's cute. I might die. I have blister stuff I'm everything. It's literally everything You can talk to me. I sticky boobs. Oh Okay, let's go All right guys, I got a pinnacle out of I don't even like pinnacle out is but it just looks good Here's Libby. Come on. Hi guys. We're ready. TK. Is it the Money maker of this up Taylor I have never like it smells incredible. I know Jiminsons longer. Yeah. Yeah, well me too. Sorry guys. Um tonight We're going to Nobu and then we're going to the bars period. How do I I'm just gonna like it Taylor's Curling iron is like too fancy for me Really It was really something I don't know life without my Dyson ear wrap now that I have it You get it. No, you have to know don't get my boob falling out right now. I'm putting on my inklet I help by the nails.   Um and then these Heels are nasty gal. I'll link them below. They're also good for going out Especially if you don't want it in a lot of height Terran my best one at home also has them. I got my shirt this little top from Berksha I got this here. You're from TK Beginning boutique shout out. They're getting way too much for you for a while right now Okay, like a tick tocker Dress is from princess Polly Shoes are the happy heels from princess Polly inklets princess Polly. I sound like a freaking tick tocker Yeah, and then this is from Ava Jules her in route collection shout out Ava Jules.  Remy got me into it. It's like Sweet you need to try it Get a girl Oh I Was supposed to be like hard shell inside It's fine at the end at the start it tastes like like an artificial flavor Did you try one? Yes, I did I cannot believe you I do what I gotta do We're like watching the fish Fish are so cool, aren't they crazy they live in the water Look at the skull of fish it is really wild when you start to think about it guys. I'm not gonna lie to you Like they're in Good morning guys, we are heading off to breakfast. Happy Bahamas day, too. We are heading off to breakfast I'm wearing this set from white fox. I look like a Vegas dad from Taylor. Okay. We have our beautiful overpriced breakfast Love this for us. Yeah, but I mean Okay My gosh, thank you. Thank you so much. Oh my gosh. Thank you. Cheers I need some I need some content. That was nothing you literally gave me nothing just now Wow It was so good, oh wait, I didn't even tell them the vlog. Okay guys, so Taylor said it was my birthday just so we would get the reservation. Oh my god And then we're in the club and then a birthday song came on and then it was like this whole thing. Yeah, it was really funny It was it was yeah strangers involved With you Like birthday make her feel special. No way. No, like did you see I said this last night? There is a new pandemic and it's guys coming up to you at a bar and telling you that they just sold their crypto Company for millions of dollars. What's it the same people you're talking about? The sailors the sailors All right guys, we're leaving I have my hair We're leaving. Yeah, it's really tragic. We have to go get COVID tests for when we fly back. I used to be able to vlog I haven't been to like three months ago and now look I just can't I just I can't do it anymore I used to be pretty good and now it's just I don't know. Maybe not my thing. Anyways, we had a great afternoon on The beach we tried to do a triple tower. Oh, yeah shoulders I Because I literally feel like I'm in either bring it on an American actually movie, you know, you know That was the best COVID test of my life. It was incredible. Like I great experience guys And here we go. We've been I want food more than so hungry. Do we tell them to be the same birthday? I don't know if you didn't a block same birthday same year crazy, right? There's Jamie Spears has agreed to step down She won the case Yeah, I was wondering why you were gonna be in action Well, like she might still have a conservator, I don't know, but Free Britney. All right guys, so we finally got ready. It's 9 p.m We came back after that storm and Showering kind of later on and stuff. We're going for wholesome girl vibes today. I'm TK good girls in town Yeah, it's wholesome girl summer. So this dress that I'm wearing is misguided. I just have air forces on I love the little air forces Yeah, I just couldn't do the heels tonight. Like I couldn't I'm wearing. Oh my god. This lighting It's the freaking hotel rooming room lighting for me so I'm wearing this dress from Princess Polly because apparently that's where I get all my clothes and Shoes or the happy hills again Princess Polly hair. I can't get I want to do it. This is insane. Libby did this braid What can you do this to me tomorrow or it can be a different one? I mean so good How did you I don't understand? I just was never one of those girls growing up But I really wanted to be I just remember Megan ranks waterfall braid video in 2012 I don't even know who she was. Yes, and everyone. Yes, because everyone was it was like blue walls in the background Yes, and yeah, waterfall braid iconic. I never really mastered it, but I tried it, you know But the thing is we can do it some awesome until we're not we're gonna do a little off into the day Libby I'm wearing this What is this a jumpsuit? Yeah Outfitters coat ball shoes. Oh, yeah, I love the shoes and your bracelets. Okay. Oh, I can't Roxy. I'm a sort of Oh We're about to leave half to the beach. Good morning. We just got breakfast. This is my outfit today We have dinner early. So we only have like a few hours of the beach today.  It's just someone with their phone. Oh Yeah, I do. That would be thank you so much. Yeah, that's such a good idea. Thank you I really appreciate this We can see K go Think I'm just logged when I came here. No, they're 16. I should go find that footage guys. I went down the slide. I was really tough All right, well, we thought it was gonna rain for a second and now it's not so we're off to the beach Sadly the weather isn't like perfect this weekend, which is totally fine Obviously, we were gonna do the like boat thing in the taste of the island okay, so I can't do that All right guys, we're off to dinner. Here's our outfit. It's not doing real after the day Taylor and I's noses are Some birds really green off. Yes. We love it. We love it See it. It has like the most insane tan right now here. Let's go here. We just walked in the rain so far We didn't know we were unaware We made it What's good Hey, I think that this is the move for you This is the first bag He's buying on our own okay, you have to get it You look really pretty too.  I'm so happy for you everyone go to our room Here we go Okay, it's okay. It's not it's okay. You do this at all. Very important not not do not recognize Let's do the unboxing Never been happier right now Yeah, I'm so good As you guys saw TK left earlier. I haven't vlogged much today. I feel like I'm like a Barney like a baby no baby blue Barbie baby. No, it's I don't No idea how my camera went into slow-mo here at all.  I love being on a king family vacay Kenzie just tried. Oh, yeah, sir. This is my guilty pleasure I All the comments are gonna be like monsters so bad All right, I hope you guys enjoyed this vlog I didn't really feel much of Saturday or really an outro because honestly, I was just enjoying a vacation I hope you guys really liked the video. I love you guys so much, and I will see you guys soon It was a one-bedroom apartment downtown LA and we had parties there all the time all the time all the time I remember the balcony. I remember Puppy is a cocoa. Yeah, cocoa. Yeah, I yeah, those were some good nights though. Those were really fun We had a lot of fun. Oh my god. Wow


Welcome to JSA TV, the newsroom for tech and telecom professionals. I'm Jamie Scotto-Cotaia of JSA here at ITW 2019. Joining me here today, my good friend Patrick Coughlin, he is the Chief Development Officer of First Light. Patrick, welcome back to JSA TV. Well, thank you, Jamie. It's a pleasure to be here with JSA again and at ITW. This is a new venue for all of us, and I think we're all getting used to it, but it seems like the facilities are working out for everyone. Yeah, Atlanta is a great new location for us here. I'm really excited about our new spread, new digs. And for our viewers who may not already be know, they should know, but just in case, could you remind them perhaps with the accomplishments and what First Light's all about? Sure. So First Light, we are known for being a facilities-based fiber provider throughout the Northeast. Really, it spans upper New England and New York down into Boston and into New York City. We also have a full breadth of products for enterprise customers and large wholesale carriers. And tell us about how, you know, you guys, every time I speak with you and you tell us your story, it's so customer-driven.  How can, tell us what's driving all this growth? Well, I think we all know with the expansion of technology and products, the demand that all of us are utilizing, whether it's our cell phones or our laptops, the information that customers need and want, we're able to provide those products and really what we're able to do and what we're known for is expanding those products, especially into the tier two, tier three markets where, you know, for many years there was a void in terms of high-performance products and so First Light's bringing all of that technology into the market. And that's a perfect segue, actually, to the newest product on the market that you announced right here at ITW. This week, your VM-powered disaster recovery as a service. Can you tell us more about that? Yeah, we're really excited. We've been partnering with Veeam for many years now but really what we're doing is we're bringing the power of our data centers, our cloud offerings network that we have so we can now actually bring real disaster recovery uptime to our customers and geographically disperse those across our footprint. So it's really important, especially where, you know, data is so important for customers going forward. Our ability to capture that data and not only capture it but also replicate it and bring it back to customers in a timely fashion so they don't have any downtime in the event they have, you know, some type of failure. So important in the Northeast growing up there. I can attest a lot of storms, whether always a challenge, always never know what you're going to expect. Disaster recovery as a service seems perfect for our Northeast region. Yes, you know, we can all attest to whether it's snow, whether it's rain, thunderstorms, really disaster recovery, again, for all businesses, so critical. You can't afford to be down and really with the Veeam product and again with First Light's geographically disperse facilities, we can capture all that data and then more importantly get it back to our customers in a timely fashion. I love that, love that. And for sure, First Light is a growth story ever since your inception back in 1999, which is a nice, long history. Yeah, we were so young then. But what do you attribute all this growth to and where do you see yourselves heading in the next year? So the growth comes in many forms. Whether it's our enterprise business or our carrier wholesale, especially in the carrier wholesale side, we've done a tremendous amount of work in cell tower backhaul. And then also too, I shouldn't forget, we recently announced another acquisition which we closed 30 days ago with Main Fiber. That really has allowed us to expand in the Main Footprint with the fiber assets that Main Fiber had built. We really have a very robust footprint. So now we can provide diversity, we can provide unique fiber routes to our customers. So we're really excited about Main Fiber. And hopefully as we continue to move forward throughout the remainder of this year and into next year, we may have some other announcements coming. Always on a tier. First Light, definitely a company to watch work. Can our viewers go if they want to learn more? They can go to wwwfirstlight.net and go to our website and we list all our products or they can give me a call. Awesome. Always a pleasure to have you Patrick. Firstlight.net, the URL to check out. Thank you so much for joining us and thank you viewers for tuning in to JSA TV here at ITW. Thank you. Happy networking.


This November, the world's governments will come together for the most important climate conference since the Paris Climate Agreement was created in 2015. Governments have been asked to come to the conference with updated plans to reduce emissions in order to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees, or, well below 2 degrees Celsius. Many governments have already pledged more ambitious emission reduction targets, with some aiming for net zero by the mid-century. But there's a problem. Many countries are also counting on continuing or increasing production of fossil fuels that, once burned, become the leading cause of global warming. The latest production gap report from leading research organizations and the UN Environment Program shows that the world's governments plan to produce more than double the level of fossil fuels in 2030 than would be consistent with limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. That includes 240% more coal, 57% more oil, and 71% more gas than can be produced if governments are serious about meeting global climate targets. G20 countries have funneled nearly $300 billion toward fossil fuel activity since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. More than they have given to clean energy. If all this coal, oil, and gas is burned, it will mean more wildfires, hurricanes, droughts, floods, and other devastating climate impacts. That's why it's essential for governments to close the production gap. Not only do they need to reduce consumption and ramp up clean energy, but they also need to acknowledge in their energy and climate plans that there is a need to wind down global fossil fuel production in line with the Paris Agreement's temperature limits. Chart the course towards a rapid, just, and equitable wind-down of fossil fuel supply as part of overall decarbonization plans. Place restrictions on fossil fuel exploration and extraction to avoid locking in levels of fossil fuel supply that are inconsistent with climate goals. Phase out government support for fossil fuel production. Governments can end subsidies and other support for production, exclude fossil fuels from public finance, and direct greater support toward low-carbon development. Leverage international cooperation to ensure a more effective and equitable global wind-down of production. Together, these actions can close the production gap, keeping coal, oil, and gas in the ground and pollution out of the atmosphere. Visit productiongap.org to learn more.


Felly rwy'n gwneud ref Tip yn benledd. Meddynt y mae'r 나�avoio a'i g ôl i'n cael ei phethoeddau yn galerau a'i eirnodd pell an reflecting cheif. informed mewn 이� i hanes dim ni weithwyr i���dd admir. Mae parlydym ni weithio mor melpedbys ProfessorENCE signshawn yn maen o f�ust Beifyr nrhesawuaeth 15408 yn gweithio G ». yn y Dharma 24. Ac i nodw'r bydd yn nhael i gwichis i gwyb o fit加入 na'r hanes ac mae squaredd wedi cael ei cael ei gweithioCA texton mewn gol. I call in Graham Day to open the debate. Mr Day, seven minutes please. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Let me begin by thanking colleagues who support for the motion and enabled us to have this debate today. The fact that 38 MSPs from across the political spectrum supported it does, I would suggest, endorse its title, The Importance of Local Newspapers. That expression of concern over the possible threat to the future existence at very least the future direction of a sizable number of Scottish weekly titles stretching from East Fife to Ellyn, Carrick to Cernusti, Galloway to Gordon Rathys, I think reflects the value that we all of us place on the history and the traditions of the papers in question. The Arboroth Herald in my constituency can trace its roots back to 1838. Just last week, with the passing of Arthur Binney, we were reminded of the contribution that those papers have made to journalism, not just in Scotland or the UK, but on a far wider scale. Arthur's main claim to fame may have been that he was the man who got the scoop on the discovery of the stone of destiny at Arboroth Abbey following its liberation from Westminster Abbey in 1951, but in a distinguished career he went on to be instrumental in the founding of a training centre in Wales for journalists from third world countries. Those papers have done much to nurture journalistic talent down the years. We permit their demise at our peril, because, while circulation may be declining across the Johnston press titles highlighted in the motion, declining in part as a consequence of cuts, the communities served by those papers do still care about them as evidenced by events in Lanark. The Carluke and Lanark gazettes used to have offices in both Carluke and Lanark. The former was closed last year followed more recently by Lanark. The depleted ranks of journalists are, I understand, having to work from home. There is a local petition being raised to get Lanark decision reversed. In signing in this motion and debating this issue today, we are speaking for our constituents, sending a message to Johnston press that we want our papers to survive, and we will work with them to try and achieve that. Of course, that requires the company to be willing to engage, not to become defensive following coverage of the infamous labelling of a number of titles in the stable as sub-core, giving rise to concerns being expressed about exactly what that means for the future of those papers. We need clarity on just how many titles are affected. We need detailed information on reported plans to split the Scottish titles into four geographical groupings. We would also want an understanding of why, although this doubt has been cast over the future of those titles and the reported 20 redundancies are being sought from the weekly portfolio, the group is in advance talks to buy the iron newspaper for a reputed £24 million. Having aired the issue at First Minister's questions in January 22, I wrote to Johnston press seeking a meeting to discuss the future of the titles located within my constituency. In doing so, I raised the status of the Carnoustie, Guidance and Gazette and the Cirmure, Herald. Although neither title had been listed as being sub-core, they are produced in conjunction with the Arbrode, Herald and Forferd dispatch, utilising shared staff. That approach has been met with deafening silence, but I can tell the chamber that both are indeed on the sub-core list, meaning that it now amounts to at least 23 Scottish titles. I say at least 23, because if the company either forgot about the guiding Gazette and the Herald or viewed them simply as additions of the name titles, then he used to say that there are no other Scottish papers that have been looked upon as sub-core, whatever that means and whatever implications that might have. Indeed, I understand that a similar situation may exist not far from this Parliament, whereby the lithgo Gazette is on the list, but no references made to the Queensferry Gazette or Bones Journal, which are, I believe, coming from the same stable. If we, looking in from the outside, have concerns over where that is headed, then how must the journalists and our staff be feeling? Perhaps that is everything about where the employees of the company are that, on the back of highlighting the situation at FMQs, I received contact from two sets of staff thanking me for what they saw as a welcome support of gesture. One long-serving member of the editorial staff told me that he and his colleagues feared that his newspaper might be allowed to wither to the point where the doors closed. One former editor of a number of titles within the group revealed to me that such had been the cost-cutting going on that he had members of the public wandering into the office just to check that it was still open. The ending of a window cleaning to save a bit of cash had left the outside of the building looking as if it had been closed. Up my way, we have seen the full gamut of scaling back, photographers done away with, reporters having, taking pics added to the demands that were made on them along with feeding the web presence and videoing interviews. The unique identities of titles that reflect the different communities that they serve have diminished by increasing components of the paper becoming common in designing content. We are reduced proportion of the additions carrying genuine local content, the very lifeblood of local papers. Let me sympathise with Johnston Press here for a second. Regardless of the wisdom of some of the acquisition decisions that they have taken, most notably of all the Scotsman group, those are tough times for the print media. They are not alone in making the kind of cut backs they have. Papers are trapped in that vicious circle whereby circulation and advertising revenues drop, so they cut costs leading to a diminished product, so circulation and advertising revenue falls further and on it goes. That problem is industry-wide and not just confined to this group. The focus of this debate is on a stable of papers that, in my experience, in the face of shrinking staff numbers, increasing demands being made on them and rock bottom morale, continue to try and practice local journalism in the right way. I like the kind of stuff that you get in those papers. I want to read about the good that is going on in our communities rather than the unrelenting negativity that seems to characterise so much of the daily press. I am with the community organisations that look forward to seeing that pic or that wee story about them appearing in print. In the midst of all the challenges that they face, those papers continue to give youngsters a start and train them properly. If there is a threat to the continuing existence of those papers, then how diminished will the opportunities be for youngsters to forge a career in journalism? That matters, Presiding Officer. If the print media is to have a future, those papers are to survive in some form, then we need young journalists coming through, especially when titles such as those operating under the Angus County Press umbrella train their staff to go about the job in a traditional way. I would, as an old hack, say the right way. We must do whatever it is possible to do to protect that. I want to be clear about my purpose in seeking to secure this debate. It was not to give Johnson Press a kicking. It was to highlight the importance of local newspapers, a subject that I have spoken about previously in this chamber. The fact that the company has it is claimed, shed around 50 per cent of the editorial posts that it had seven years ago, makes it a little different to many others. The reputed prospect of further job losses, sadly, makes it a little different to many others. This debate is about the big picture, the future of local papers that matter to their communities, Presiding Officer. Many thanks. We now turn to the open debate at speeches of four minutes, please, and I call George Adam to be followed by Claire Baker. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I also take this opportunity to thank Graham Day for bringing this important debate to the Parliament. My colleague is quite right and correct when he states in his motion the importance of local newspapers to our communities. It is concerning when you see that publishers such as Johnson Press are looking at some of their titles and the very existence of those titles, because we cannot stress enough the importance that those local newspapers and independent newspapers have to our local press, our local communities and also to the political process locally, because those titles that go to the community council meetings and report on them are those titles that actually find out what is happening in the local authority and scrutinise what happens in the local authority in our areas. Those are the newspapers that are doing that. Presiding Officer, in Paisley we too have a vibrant local newspaper that has shadowed both the expansion and the difficulties and challenges that our town has faced over the years. Graham Day's local paper may have started publishing in 1838, but, since 1874, three years before the inception of My Beloveds at Murmai FC, the Paisley Daily Express has brought the daily news of what is happening in the heart of our town to the people of Paisley. You could say that they have brought us dispatches from the centre of the very universe. The newspaper has had to deal with the challenges of the modern world, like some of the issues that Johnson Press is looking at at the moment and has already been mentioned by my colleague Graham Day. One time, the Paisley Daily Express was printed, published and delivered in the town for the town to its current incarnation, where it is part of Trinity Mirror Group and where it is headquartered in Glasgow, but it still retains an office in Paisley, staffed daily by one of its journalists, so that anyone can still pop in and talk to a journalist from the Wee Express. The history of the newspaper is such that many reporters that, similar to what my colleague has already mentioned, reporters like Bill Leckie started their career in journalism at the Paisley Daily Express went on to be a national newspaper, writer and sport, and it shows you the importance to the actual industry and journalism itself. I, for one, am extremely proud that we still have this local newspaper bringing buddies, their daily dose of news and views, but the local newspapers like the Paisley Daily Express come into their own when there is a local cause to fight or a campaign to lead. Over the years, there have been many and the Paisley Daily Express has taken responsibility of that head on. An example of that, which their current campaign is to back the local council in their bid for the UK city of culture in 2021. I have mentioned it before, it is basically hashtag why I love Paisley. We all know that I come to this place and tell everybody why I love Paisley and how important it is to me. However, the fact that the newspaper has been very positive about that, pushing it forward and directing the actual debate shows you how important it is to our town. It is going down the idea that the year of culture in 2021 for Paisley can be a regenerational tool, and we can use culture as part of that. It is very progressive for a local newspaper to go down that very positive route. There are, obviously, the negatives with local newspapers, where I used to have an uncle who used to love getting it on Monday or Tuesday to see who had been in court, because he wanted to see what had happened. If he knew anyone, he would have been there. However, those are all parts of things that local newspapers report on, because who else the big national titles are not going to report on those issues are important to people in that community. One of the other things is about staying positive about Paisley in those challenging times. The Paisley Daily Express campaign why I love Paisley has had regular and positive stories. You can see here that you have a local business, Pirelli's Ice Cream, sticking up for our town when they say why they love Paisley. You have got Gary Kerr, a local businessman, talking about £40 million investment in a potential picture house and theatre. Those are things that local newspapers are good at. Those are issues that will not see the light of day in a national newspaper. I would like to say that not everyone is lucky enough to be from Paisley. Other local newspapers are not lucky enough to be the Paisley Daily Express, but as long as I am Paisley's MSP and Paisley Daily Express continues to service our great town, Paisley's collective voice will be heard. Thank you, Mr Adam, and happily the motion was drafted widely enough for you to focus on Paisley. However, can I just remind the chamber that we don't usually have props in the chamber? I now turn to Claire Baker to be followed by Joan McAlpine. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I'd like to welcome Graham Day's motion for a debate this afternoon. It was clear from the number of signatories from MSPs that we do recognise the challenges that are facing the sector. Those newspapers are important for the coverage of local issues, for the expression of local identity and for the sharing of information, and today no doubt we will all agree about the importance of good journalism and of local papers. I thought that Graham Day gave a very good analysis of their value, but the answers to this situation are not easy. Our media landscape is changing dramatically and presents challenges for many traditional outlets. During the previous parliamentary session, I was a member of the Education, Life and Learning and Culture Committee, which conducted an inquiry into the local newspaper industry in Scotland. In giving evidence to that committee, the Scottish Daily Newspaper Society summed up the importance of local newspapers well when it said that local newspapers are integral to the communities that they serve. Indeed, some go further by maintaining that local journalism is the bedrock of local democracy and public life. Certainly, there is no other part of the media providing the depth of coverage of local news and events in towns and villages throughout Scotland, reflecting the concerns of their communities, holding local government to account or campaigning on local issues. They are the voices of their communities and, above all, they are trusted. Yet, even back then, it was clear that this was an industry that was facing a precarious future. The committee's decision to take evidence on local newspapers resulted from reports that were highlighting the difficulties. In particular, at the time, it was to do with the proposed loss of advertising revenue. However, those difficulties have only increased in the resulting six years and, often in ways that were foreseeable at the time, technology is undoubtedly changing the newspaper industry and will continue to have profound effects on the future landscape. Newspapers from nationals to locals have made the progression online while embracing the popularity of social media, breaking news on Twitter and Facebook in an attempt to direct readers to their website. At the point of publication of the committee report, Facebook was steadily growing but had yet to reach the height of today. Twitter was then only four years old and had only really begun to have an impact on politics and journalism when it ran up to the 2010 general elections. Now it is clear that technology and, to an extent, cultural changes are having an impact on an increasingly altered media landscape. Despite the long-term acknowledgement of the difficulties facing the industry, each news story of impending job losses within Scottish titles is unwelcome. Last month's news that Johnson Press had designated 16 local newspapers as sub-core came as a surprise to many, not least the staff who were affected at those affected titles. Looking at my own region, we can see the type of changes that we are seeing in publications. It is not going to notice recently that many of the local publications have slimmed in size in recent months. We are seeing an increase in the duplication of stories between the bigger newspapers and the smaller, more localised ones. There are concerns that more local titles such as the East Fife Mail and the Glossus Gazette will be there to be phased out. Graham Day used the word wither. We can see the changes in the type of coverage that those papers are offering. Leaving out those smaller communities, it looks like they will be relying more on a bigger, more fife-wide publication. That would be highly regrettable as the local publications who have professional journalists working within them make a huge contribution to their communities. In recent months, I have worked closely with the East Fife Mail on a campaign to stop anti-social use of quad bikes in the area and also on jobs for the area. The coverage of that paper has been invaluable and I would like to thank them for the contribution that they have made to those campaigns. Through the coverage, I have been able to raise the issue and put pressure on the local agencies to raise the issue with the Government and support the local community. Those communities would be poorer without the titles that have served them for many years. I appreciate that these are difficult times for the Johnson press. Since 2009, around the time of the committee report, the downturn has been severe. As we pointed out, we have seen a loss of production staff down from over 1,000 to just 355. Graham Day made good points about young reporters and the opportunities that local papers give them. However, at the same time, we see Johnson press saying that the audience has grown from just over £18 million to £27 million over the same period. That really comes from the increase in online readership, but that highlights the biggest struggle. How, when news is so current, it is self-selecting, it is free, it is online, it is on our phones, how does a local publication survive in those times? Graham Day is right that we need clarity and detailed information on the future plans of Johnson press. Also, there are questions about why there are negotiations with the I newspaper news that just broke today. I recognise that these are commercial interests and newspapers cannot run without income, but a loss of those local titles and a diminution of the professional journalism that they offer needs to be challenged and we need to find ways to support them. I now call Joan McAlpine to be followed by Jamie McGregor. I would like to draw members to my register of interests, which shows that I am employed by the Daily Record newspaper, which is part of the Trinity Mirror Group. I should also say that, in the past, I have been employed by Johnson press as a columnist. I would like to congratulate Graham Day on securing this debate and to associate myself strongly with his remarks and with his motion. I began my career on the Carlook Gazette, and I was very disappointed to hear about events there and the closure of the office. I went on from the Carlook Gazette, where I was employed over the summer to join the Greenup Telegraph newspaper, which is part of one of the last surviving daily local newspapers, along with the Paisley paper, as my colleague George Adam has mentioned. I grew up reading the Greenup Telegraph, and I remember at that time that they did not—I do not think that they took PA copy, they took Reuters copy. All the news from Greenup Group put Glasgow and Senegal and all the different parts of the world you would never hear about, so I think that that definitely wetted my interest in the wider world and perhaps steered me and others in a particular direction in terms of the career. Again, I would associate myself with the remarks of others that local newspapers act as a barometer of opinion on the ground. Many of the stories that impact widely and are discussed in this chamber begin life on local newspapers. Often, those papers act as a forum, as well as a mirror for the communities that they serve, which are, despite often being quite small in size, incredibly diverse and distinctive. I think about my own south of Scotland region. For example, in some of the papers I most regularly have contact with, such as the Estelle and Littlestale advertiser covers communities in Langham, Canaan Bay and Newcastleton, Estelle and Muir, and often, as Mr Day and others mentioned, those communities, despite their small size, have a great deal going on in them, with so many voluntary groups ranking up in the hundreds. It is in those newspapers that those activities are publicised and recorded. I would also like to praise the DNG media group in the south of Scotland, which publishes the Dumfries Courier, the Annandale Observer and the Annandale Herald in the Moffitt News. It is very important to say that this group is an independent newspaper group. It is because of its independence—I think that independence means that it only focuses on local news. It gives it a priority that perhaps papers that are owned by larger groups do not have. For example, you quite often find that, in papers that are owned by larger groups, the journalists are encouraged to write the kind of stories that would be picked up by the national titles, which, as Mr Day said, often have a very negative slant to the kind of way that they cover stories. Whereas in DNG media, I have always found that they adhere to the principles of journalism that I was taught about in local newspapers, where you are actually appealing to the whole of the community, whatever their political views. You have to achieve a balance as much as you can without having a slant on the stories. The other thing about the DNG group is that, because they are independent and they really value local news, they are looking at innovative ways to develop it and have launched their own website, DNG 24 and an app, which is very encouraging. I would support that. Local newspapers are far from subcorp. They are the bedrock of our communities. I try to support my local newspapers through advertising surgeries or if I have a vacancy in my office. I would encourage others to do so and, again, praise the work that they do, not just in the communities that I cover, but across Scotland. I now call Jamie McGregor to be followed by Christine Grahame. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I regret having to leave the chamber before closing speeches and apologise in advance for doing so. I strongly agree with the motion that local newspapers are extremely valuable to constituents and communities across Scotland, and, of course, they are very valuable to politicians as a vehicle for expressing our sentiments and our policies and, of course, our photographs. Where will we be without them? They are able to cover local affairs and issues in the level of detail that other media don't do. They are often at the forefront of local campaigns on very vital subjects. They play a big role in supporting community cohesion, and they are also important in terms of public notices and a platform for local businesses to advertise their goods and their services. Many of our local newspapers have, of course, been working in our communities for generations, centuries, some of them. The famous open times of Argyll is not only a highland-wide distribution but an international one as well within the Scottish diaspora. The Caithness Courier will, next month, celebrate its 150th anniversary, having first been published in March 31, 1866. Local newspapers are also important in providing jobs to young journalists and trainees at the start of their careers, and they provide such good training for journalists who often then move upwards to regional or national newspapers, or indeed other media forms. Many members of our esteemed parliamentary press corps started off on local newspapers, which provided them with such a good grounding. We also have some fantastic freelance journalists in the Highlands and Islands working for local, regional and national papers. I was delighted to see Oban-based Moira Care win the 2016 Diageo Journalist of the Year award at the recent Highlands and Islands press ball, and she is a credit to her profession. Congratulations should also go to the Strathspae and Badenock Herald for winning the Newspaper of the Year award for the second year in succession, and Chatterbox, which serves the Black Isle, was named Community Newspaper of the Year, and that's just a few in my region of the Highlands and Islands. I can't name them all. Graham Day is quite right to voice concern about the future of a number of local newspaper titles within the ownership of Johnston Press and their possible sale to other parties. I note that the motion today identifies the Buteman in Argyll and Bute in my regions as a newspaper deemed sub-core. I know many Bute residents would be surprised to hear this, as the Buteman has such a good reputation and is very much embedded in the community of that beautiful island, and the idea of losing it is one we can scarcely contemplate. At the same time, I understand economic realities and the financial pressures facing newspapers, owners and publishers as reading habits and readership demographic change. More and more people choose to get their news online rather than buying a newspaper, and local businesses choose to use one of the many other kinds of advertising that weren't available just a few years ago. I think most people, my children's age, would go to news websites, Google or Twitter for their news and would try to get local news there as well instead of buying the local paper. But in this context, I must mention For Argyll, their website, whose coverage of all key issues in Argyll and Bute and insightful analysis makes it such a popular news source run by Linda Henderson, a first-class journalist. So changes in how we access news is a huge threat to the future of additional local papers and indeed all printed productions, but there must also be opportunities if local newspapers can adapt and digitalise services and make them user-friendly for people of all ages. Some national newspapers have achieved this so there is potential, but it does take investment from newspaper owners and the publishers. So to conclude, Presiding Officer, I restate that Scottish Conservatives full support for local newspapers and pay tribute to the efforts of all those journalists and local newspaper employees who work so hard to keep us informed each and every week. Thank you, Mr McGregor. I note your courtesy in informing the chamber that you cannot stay. I call Christine Grahame, and after that we will call the minister. I, too, congratulate Grahame Day on securing this debate. Although the motion refers to announcements by Johnston Press, it also has a wider remit, although Johnston Press includes a paper in my constituency, the Midlothian Advertiser. They are all so important local papers to keep my constituents and me informed. I have a range of them. I don't just have one, such as my colleague George Adam. I have the Peebleshire News, which covers Peebles in Tweedia West, the board of telegraph and southern reporter covering the central borders, the corridor of the A7 and the A68. I have the Midlothian Advertiser and the Midlothian part of my constituents. The evening news, the evening news, as well as the seven communities in Penicook, Gorebridge and Newton Grange. All of those local papers are, for me, essential. They go into detail over issues of controversial planning in local areas, schools to close or not to close what is happening, the state of the roads, why the bridge is down, if the river has overflowed, the announcements, the hatches, matches and dispatches, who has been jailed, who has been fined, they make local justice public, they do it through all the local festivals, with all the wonderful photographs, they even raise campaigns, they raise funds and they tell everyone what local charities are doing and they report not just on councils but on community councils. They are not only embedded in the community, they are knowledgeable about that community. When I first came in here, I think as you yourself did, Deputy Presiding Officer, 17 years ago, how time flies, local papers were rich in staff with reporters and photographers, cub reporters, as others have said, who honed the reporting skill at the local press. Now, with 24-hour news online, the national press is really challenged for its raison d'etre, but local papers are not quite so vulnerable, they are vulnerable to losing advertising but not through the reporting of news. They can take time over local issues and let a controversial issue run over weeks, not just churn it over. They of course sometimes break, as others have said, national stories and actually give local reporters sometimes a break into the national news. For me, as a reader and contributor, either through my press comments or releases or my fortnightly or monthly columns, they keep me and my constituents in touch and actually keep me on my toes. Yet they are not as vulnerable, as I have said as the nationals, but they are vulnerable and must not be lost or diminished. They remain key to keeping politicians local and national accountable, and they are generally without party political bias, which one cannot say about the national press. We will all rely on them in the coming weeks, in the Scottish elections when they will have our manifestos and our hustings and so on, so they are vital to democracy. To quote a border's expression, they have I been. We must make sure that I am going to be, but I want to finish my short contribution on two of my favourite headlines from local papers, not on the borders. It is when I lived in Galloway. It was at Galloway Gazette. One was a big banner headline, Rami at Whophill. Two women, each batting each other with handbags or we bit too much alcohol in them. A wonderful headline. In the other one, the top that wouldn't. The top cost a fortune, but I'm afraid it turned out wasn't interested in the use. To prove that, the sheriff in the entire court went out in the middle of the field and watched the top paying no attention to the much-needed use. Where else would you have such wonderful headlines that I can still recall to this day? I celebrate local papers and hope that local people continue to buy them. Thank you very much. I now invite Humza Yousaf to respond to the debate, Minister. Seven minutes, please. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. My thanks, of course, to Graham Day for bringing forward this very important motion to the chamber. It's hugely important. It doesn't matter which part of the country you cover from the north to the south, the east to the west, all of us in our constituencies will have a local paper, if not, as Christine Graham said, a number of local papers. Local press is hugely important to the Scottish Government very much in support of local news and local papers, too. For a number of reasons that have been mentioned, and I'll just reiterate some of them. The stories that we see in local papers often don't see the light of day. I was interested to hear about George Adams' uncle looking out for whoever was going to the court. I'm saying this in knowledge. I hope that he never saw his nephew on the front of those papers in any negative way. Often, newspapers that I know and my constituents in the region that I represent in Glasgow, often stories that take place in a big city like Glasgow, will be missed out by the national press, because there are so many other things that dominate in the city. I thought that the point was well made by George Adams and others that good news gets a platform in local papers, which we don't often see in national papers. That can be anything from a local church group with a bake sale, raising money for McMillans right the way through to a fantastic feat, maybe a marathon run by somebody to raise money for another good cause. Many, many good causes that we don't often see the light of day and can often remind us that there's some good happening in the world, as well as the bad that we're often bombarded with. Local campaigns are given a real boost and a lease of life by local newspapers. That can be from anything from planning of wind farms, which often, no doubt, evokes a lot of emotion to local incinerators being planned and so on and so forth. Local campaigns are very much given lifeline by local newspapers. The point that I thought was well made by John McAlpine, Graham Day and Jamie McGregor on training journalists. A number of—I think that Jamie McGregor mentioned using the phrase, our esteemed press corps in the Holyrood. Of course, I would concur with that description. I think that the training of journalists, many of them that have come through the ranks of local papers, gave them that grounding that they needed, doing the graft local papers, often not just writing the stories but having to take the pictures and everything else, as given them a great grounding for national titles. As well, I know that John McAlpine went through that route. Graham Day wrote for a weekly session of paper. I myself, Presiding Officer, wrote for a local paper. My dad still has the cut-out from the phrase of Braherald when I was interning for a one Alex Salmond and I got a piece in the press about a local curry shop that had come third in a national curry competition. It said that Mr Sonny's competition is too hot to handle at the age of 19, delighted with that headline. Local businesses as well. We should make mention that many small businesses will not be able to afford to advertise, of course, in national newspapers, nor would it make sense for them to do so, but having local papers to be able to advertise again can be a lifeline for them in these times when margins of profit are very, very tight. Indeed, a local takeaway, a local convenience store or other local services and shops' businesses rely on the advertising and the spread that local papers give them. In terms of what I think is most important for local papers and why the decision by Johnson Press is deeply worrying is that local papers keep us politicians to account, sometimes more than national newspapers. In terms of the Government, we will get inquiries coming in from national papers left, right and centre, but it will often be the local papers that come in with inquiries that keep us to account, that ask us our opinions on the x, y, z issue that is happening locally and that force us to have to make a decision using our sound judgment on those. That is not just true of MSP colleagues here, but also true of local authorities, councillors and MPs, of course. It goes without saying. I do not often agree sometimes what is in the papers. I look at the titles across the Johnson Press, and there will be many times stories written that I think have been unfair to the Government, perhaps to me personally, but that frankly is irrelevant. The point is that they are vital for healthy democracy. Even those papers that might have a bias against the Government or the particular political party is in the interests of all of us that we come together to defend them. That is why I am delighted that Graham Day's motion had those 38 MSPs from across the Parliamentary chamber. Yes, I accept that Johnson Press has to face up to the economic realities. No newspaper has cracked how to make money off the internet. Nobody has done that. Even those websites that are viewed the most will tell you that that only helps to subsidise the print editions, and at best they are breaking even. Even the very top ones, the ones that have the most clicks per day, will tell you that that only helps them to break even. In terms of advice for Johnson Press, some of what Graham Day said in his opening remarks would be some good advice for Johnson Press. Some of that is about tone. We understand the economic realities of what is happening, but a number of communities and a number of staff who work for those titles have been upset by the labelling of a sub-core, which has clearly upset many communities. I also thought that what Graham Day said in his opening remarks is incredibly important about engaging. Yes, all of us understand the financial circumstances that Johnson Press is under. We read about it, hear about it and meet the staff. Engage with the MSPs, the local communities and let's see if there is an alternative to having the worst-case scenario that would be to having to close down those offices. As well as challenges that Johnson Press and other newspaper groups face, there are also many opportunities as well. I think that every member of the Scottish Parliament would recognise that there is a huge appetite for news, particularly post the referendum, and particularly amongst young people. More and more of them are going online to want to know what is happening in the world, but it would be a real shame if young people or anybody, frankly, knew everything that was happening in the home of Kim Kardashian but had no idea what was going on in their local community. I do not want to make an ages comment, but a lot of elderly people do not go online and they in particular rely on local papers. I would accept and agree that point as well. Even many elderly people, I mean I have many family members who are older and they will use the internet and go online for their information as well, but it would be a real shame. I mean this is not to say that people shouldn't go online and should look for news that is of interest to them, but it would be a real shame if that was done to the detriment of knowing what was happening in the local community. I support the Government's support for a heartedly Graham Day's motion. The local press and local newspapers are important for a polarity of reasons that have been expressed here, and I thank the member once again for bringing this debate to the parliamentary chamber. Thank you minister. That concludes Graham Day's debate on the importance of local newspapers. Can members note the earlier time for returning today? I now suspend this meeting until 2 p.m.


Hello friends and welcome back to another Pokemon how-to guide my name is Lee also known as Osiris and in today's guide We're gonna be looking at how to get the new electric and poison type Pokemon Toxel and it's two evolutions of toxicity It's lucky form and it's amped form So these are brand new Pokemon to the sword and shield titles and very popular Pokemon as well So this can be done before finishing the main game for all of you out there that haven't completed a game yet What you need to do is head over to tough field and then head out to route 5 So once you are on route 5 you want to take this route and head towards the Pokemon nursery and once you are here If you head inside you will find this NPC character who has a Toxel next to her if you speak to her She will tell you about an egg that she's found and this Toxel hatched from it and she will give you it as a gift So brilliant we now have ourselves a very own Toxel and the thing is with Toxel to evolve it It is a very tricky Pokemon. It is based on its nature So you need to have a look at its nature to know what form it is gonna evolve into like I said It has got two forms of toxicity It has got the amped form and the low key form now based on the different natures The Toxel has it will depend on what Toxel form it evolves into now the Toxel we have has got a timid nature So now if we take a look at the different natures to what Toxel evolves into we can see that for the amped form You're gonna need a nature of adamant, brave, docile, hardy, hasty, impish, jolly, lax, naive, naughty, rash, quirky or sassy And that will get you a amped form from the baby Toxel and then if you want the low key form You will need natures bashful, bald, calm, careful, gentle, lonely, mild, modest, quiet, relaxed, serious and timid So we have the timid one, if we evolve this Toxel it will evolve into the low key form of toxicity So what we're gonna do is we're gonna get both forms in this video But unfortunately we can't breed this Toxel it is a baby Pokemon so it will not breed with Ditto So we need to evolve it into toxicity and then we can breed it and then we can try and get both forms So what we'll do is just quickly use some XP candies and then at level 30 which Toxel evolves at We will see it evolve into toxicity so all things going well because of that timid nature It is gonna evolve into that low key form as you can see on your screen right now So the next process is for us to get the amped form Now you know what nature's Toxel needs to be to get each variation of this evolution What we're gonna do is just quickly put this Pokemon into the day care center I've already got a Ditto in here and we're gonna just hatch some eggs And just we're not aiming for any particular nature in general We're just wanting a nature that falls within that amped group and a nature that falls within that low key group So we're gonna collect our first egg and then we will Siphon off a bunch of eggs to get both toxicity versions in this guide So as you can see we are just gonna go backwards and forwards up and down this route until all the eggs in our Party have hatched and we've got our first baby Toxel here second one coming up We're just gonna hatch four Toxels in this little guide here should be enough for us to get both forms to show as Examples for you guys and then you know what we can do is if we really want to use one of these Toxels We can use the XP candies to level it up to level a hundred and then use hyper training on it to max out its IVs And then if we want to change that nature after we have evolved it then we can use a mint to cater that nature Specifically so one of the things I will just point out in this guide is you cannot use the nature Mint to change a Toxel's nature to evolve it into that specific form It will need to be the nature that it is born with out of the egg So as you can see here, we've got an adamant and then we've got a relax The adamant will evolve into the amp form and the relaxed will evolve into the low key form So as you're gonna see in one moment We are gonna use some more XP candies just to level these Toxels up to level 30 or above And they were both hopefully transform into their respected evolution forms And as you can see we now have the low key form and we have the amp form both forms of Toxel city And like I say if you've got a preference on either form of this evolution You can use this guy to make sure that the nature's are correct out of the egg And then if you want to change that nature all you need to do is go and get a nature mint from the battle tower and Winding and then change the nature so it fits in with whatever competitive build that you want to use this Pokemon So that wraps up the guide for us my friends. I hope you've enjoyed it If you have please remember to drop a like on the video Do subscribe to the channel for more Pokemon content and I will see you all for the next one So until then take care of yourselves and bye bye