I'm Dave Stevens. Welcome back to the cyber underground. My name is Dave Stevens. I'm an IT and cyber security instructor for the University of Waikapualani Community College, and I have this show on Think Tech Hawaii to connect you, our viewer, with everyday cyber security connects to your life in more ways than you might know. Today I have with me Frank Haas and Gordo, the tech czar. Gordo, our co-host. Gordo. It's great being a co-host like that.  A lot of you are great. And I just sit here and you do all the work. Nice spin-off, by the way. This is a spin-off. That's right. Gordo is the host of Hibachi Talk, and I've been a guest or co-host on there about four times, and we're doing a spin-off show. That's what this is. And how did you put it, Gordo? It's like there was cheers and then there was Frasier. There was Hibachi Talk, and now there's your show. And that was my show, so I get to be Frasier. You can be Frasier. I'm Frasier. Oh, wait. Well, you know, he got married a number of times too, you know. Oh, I'm sorry. Let's see that. I joke with people. I came out to Hawaii for the job and I stayed for the divorce. There you go. That's how it happened. And I got my solo cup, so we're all set. That's right. Let's all take a nice shot of water. Yeah, but what, WC feels it. It put water in my water. Oh, that's refreshing. It does a body good. That's our guest today. This is Frank Collins. Oh, we have a guest. Oh, here we are.  Hello, Frank. I thought this was cyber comedy. Well, we kind of try to mix it up here. That's fine. Mixing it up is what it's all about. Frank, you lecture, kept you alive in community college, but you have a wealth of experience in hospitality and tourism. Why don't you tell us a little bit about yourself, how you got here, and what you're doing now. Okay. Well, how I got here is a long story. The U.S. Navy is the short version of that story. Would they just kick you off the ship and you got here? No, I was actually headed to Vietnam and for some reason they changed my orders and said, we want you to go to Hawaii. And I said, okay, I can do that. Yeah, all right. So I was stationed here for a few years. I went back to the mainland, got my MBA, came back here and I worked in a bunch of different jobs. My wife says I can't keep a job, but I worked in advertising. I've worked in fast food and marketing. I was a director of marketing for Hawaii Tourism Authority. In my advertising career, I've worked on a lot of hospitality and tourism accounts. So I've seen how that all plays through all the issues that very complicated industry faces. And we're here to talk about one important challenge. They're facing a big challenge. What could that be, Frank? There's a lot of things going on right now. I mean, before I get to what we want to talk about, I mean just the whole idea of security in general. When you've got a situation where they're saying we need to do serious vetting for people to come into the, to travel. You've got people scared to travel because of terrorism. To get a visa from China, I don't know if you know what's involved, but it costs a lot of money. And you have to bring, for the Chinese to come here, you have to have like your lease for your apartment, your utility bill, your, you know, it's like 10 different pieces of documents. So I had no idea. Yeah. So it's tough. It's tough to travel. Well, they're coming here with all that money to buy the condos and kaka. They got it anyway. But cyber security is another thing that's hot topic right now. So I assume that's why you invited me. Yeah. Why is it important to your industry? Well, hospitality embraced the tech world much and e-commerce, especially much faster than other brick and mortar businesses. I mean, in retail, you can go to, you can go buy a book at a bookstore or you can buy it from Amazon. You can go buy something at a store. You can buy it from eBay. You can buy it from some other e-commerce. But, you know, the whole transaction for travel is there's really nothing physical.  And that's really easy to do in e-commerce. And that's why the hospitality industry embraced it. That's a huge portion of what we do. And it's a very complex transaction. So e-commerce was a way to make that easy for the customer. You take a lot of risk when you go to the bleeding edge of something. When you take that risk of being the first in an industry. And I think tourism was one of the first to venture out in the industry of e-commerce because they knew that there was potential for growth. So tell me, how does that affect the industry? I mean, on the bleeding edge and how do they cope? Well, there's a lot of dimensions to that. It's completely changed some of the distribution models in tourism.  Yeah, there's still some of those. And they managed to survive a portion of those and managed to survive by changing their business model. But that conventional business model they had, which was selling stuff at a storefront and taking commission on it, that doesn't happen anymore. Because of e-commerce, the airlines figured we don't need the travel agent anymore. You can book direct on our website. I'm the travel agent. You're the travel agent. And then into the breach came these online travel agencies. They said, well, people still need to put stuff together. They need to have an air ticket, a hotel, a car and all this stuff. So OTA's online travel agencies stepped into the breach and they get very, very high commissions and margins on that stuff, which has changed the industry as well. But all this activity online has really attracted people who say, hmm, no, there's a lot of money sitting around. There's a lot of money there. There are people who want to get a piece of it. And all those people are good guys. It's real easy to steal money online. Why would you rob a bank? Yeah, there's less risk in online. I think back in 1991, in the early days of the internet, the National Research Council said exactly that, the modern thief can steal more with a computer than with a gun. Yeah. So we don't need weapons. And the warranties were out on the missiles that we just shot over to Syria. So those warranties were out. We have 59 missiles. It wasn't 60. We shot $50. Well, that's why we shot them all. The warranties were expired. So we had to get rid of them. Yeah, bury them in a Nevada desert or get rid of them. You've got to rotate the stock. It's how you do things in the military. Sorry. We're off. This is not my show. I'm going to keep my mouth shut from this point forward. Anyway. So there's a huge risk in this industry and an enormous amount of loss year over year. Can you discuss the kind of loss we incur in the travel and tourism industry? And where does that loss come from? Well, it comes from a bunch of different things. Some of it's hacks. Some of it's just a loss of business. Some of it's lawsuits. Somebody in the travel industry estimated that overall losses in the industry is about a little under a half a percent of profit.  But what's the size of the industry? Oh, it's a trillion dollar industry. That's a lot of money. That's a lot of money. $400 billion. I don't even know what a trillion is, but I can tell you the difference between a million and a billion. So a million seconds is 12 days. And a billion seconds is 32 years. So can you imagine what a trillion seconds must be? It's got to be hundreds of thousands. Hopefully it's my lifetime. So that's the kind of money we're talking about. A half a percent of that is a lot. That's a lot of money out there. Yeah. The losses are pretty big. IBM has estimated that the average breach costs an average company about $4 million. So these small-time players would get devastated by this kind of a breach? If you want to look at it on a per record basis, the estimate for, if you get hacked, it's about $158 per record. So if you're talking about 10,000 records or 20,000 records, that's a lot of money. That's on the travel industry records? That's general. That's general. Well, I believe that's what Visa and Mastergram might charge the customer or the vendor for losing that number. Plus other affiliated charges. That's on average, which includes lawsuits and things like that. I mean, that's a huge number. When you're talking about a couple hundred thousand. It's not a couple hundred thousand. When you're talking about some of the big breaches that there have been. It's the B word again. Yeah. I've got some notes here. Epsilon compromised a bunch of, they handle a lot of business with Fortune 500 companies and they had a breach that cost them between three and four billion dollars. That affects the bonuses. Sony in 2011 had a breach of 100 million customer records. And that was 2011. You'd think they'd learn their lesson. No, no, no, no, no, monomy. They got hacked again. And this time it cost them about a hundred million dollars. Oh, I mean, that makes me cross my legs. That hurts. So yeah. So my question is like, you know, the travel industry, because it's so, that's the word bifurcated, but it's everywhere, right? Yes. There's so many different people touching the pieces of your record. One of the reasons we're such a good target is we have, okay, we're so big, we have, we have a lot of data. And it's not just, it's not just your financials. It's, it's names. Family members. Yes. We're a rich data source for thieves. We, if you're booking a trip, we tell you your name, your payment information, credit card information, but also dates, dates of travel. Yeah. Names of other people. And then we give it to somebody and say you're booking a cruise. So you call a travel agent, I'm going to book a cruise. So the travel agent takes your information. What does the travel agent do with it? Well, they have to call the cruise line and give that information to the cruise line. If they're booking your air, they, they give to the airline. The cruise line then takes that information and say, okay, we're going to, we're going to book a short excursions. So they give the information to short excursions. And the information just goes out, all over the place. And that's why, you know, if you, if you can crack into the visitor industry, it's a huge. From the hacker's perspective, these are called multiple attack vectors. There's multiple paths to get into this information. And you don't have to hack the big Sony. In fact, they can act a smaller vendor and get in. Weakest link. And take the cruise example. I mean, some of those service providers, some of those short excursions are in Lithuania. It's a little town somewhere. Mazelon. Whatever. Kauai. Kauai. That's true. Yeah. So when, when we're, when we're travel industry, when we're any industry and we're taking credit cards, what's some of the liabilities that we accept, some of the risks that we have to deal with being a credit card accepting kind of company? Well, the part of the risk is just being hacked. That's the first thing. The other is that, that if you are hacked, the rep, your reputation's on the line.  Home Depot. Target. Then there are losses. I mean, the, one of the, one of the newest threats in the travel industry, we've been watching people steal financial currency. Right. You know, they hack, they, they take their money. That's why I got money in Bitcoin and don't let me get started on that. The latest and greatest thing, because the travel industry started to get more sensitive and secure about, about currency information. But they were, they're also sitting on this, these other assets called member benefit stuff, miles, points. People have hacked that, steal the points, put it on the dark web. You can go on some dark web sites and actually put put a package together. You can buy, you can buy air seats. You can buy hotel rooms. You can buy rental cars. You can do it all. On miles that you don't even have. Right. And that's a form of cryptocurrency, no matter what you look at. Well, you can buy those miles on the dark web using whatever currency they'll take. Whatever on your tour browser.  When I teach, I introduce my students to the tour browser. And I'm always a little nervous at KCC as I bring it up. No, I do the same thing in my cyber classes, but I tell my students, do not have an expectation of privacy in any circumstance. Even tour will probably be open to somebody who has the time and resources to try to hack the browser. NSA, CES, CIA, FBI, the Kremlin, whoever wants to get in really has the time and resources and finance to put enough people on that, they'll get in. But tour can't protect you from the script kitties. The people that are just out there practicing with some tools that they downloaded off the web, you're safe from them. The problem is when you look at the tour browser, I mean, it's really slow. Right. But then you're getting encrypted randomized links throughout the tour network, which is kind of... Which is why it's slow. Which is why it's slow. It's why it's doing all of that stuff. Okay, we're coming up on our break, but really quick. Why the hospitality industry in particular? Is it just because they have so much money and there's also banks out there? But hospitality, is it multiple attack vectors or it's just the ease of entry? Well, part of it's the ease. One of the things about hospitality is that we're hospitable. We want to make it easy for our customers. So do we want to have really strict protocols on two forms of identification or other things a normal company might do if you're worried about security in the hospitality industry. We want to make it quick and easy for people to do booking. Otherwise, someone might choose another vendor. Yeah. The convenience is always going to kill that CIA triangle of confidentiality, integrity and availability. It makes something too available. Confidentiality and integrity fade away. You flatten out that line. And that's a huge deal. Okay, we're going to take a break. We're going to come back in two minutes or one minute. We've got one minute. Hi, I'm Marianne Sasaki. We just completed another great episode of Life in the Law. And I'm here today with Jay Fidel. Hi, Jay. Hi, Marianne. And what do we love about the law, Jay? There's so much to love about it, right? There's more to love about it all the time. No kidding. We have to be a nation of laws. We have to be a nation of laws. We have to be diligent nation of lawyers and citizens. It's all about the rule of law, Marianne. The rule of law is alive and well and life in the law. Yes, it certainly is. Tune in every Wednesday from one to one-third on Think Tech. Hello, huh? How are you doing? It's me, Angus MacTech, asking you to come join us on Think Tech Hawaii Hibachi Talk. Join me and my two hosts, Gordo the Texan, and enter the security guy every Friday from 12.45 till 13.45. See you on Fridays.  Welcome back to Cyber Underground. I'm Dave Stevens with my co-host, Gordo the Texan and Frank Haas, a lecturer at Capitol Island Community College, talking about the dangers in cybersecurity relationships in the hospitality and tourism industry. Now, we discussed a number of things, and I'd like to ask you about the latest and most concerning threats. Well, I just mentioned the people stealing points and other assets that are not money. You can plan a whole vacation. Yeah, you can plan a whole vacation.  Delta had their computer system go down. I don't think it was a cyber threat, I don't know. Yeah, I remember that. But it was recent, and it basically shut down the airline for a couple of days. Delta stands for DELTA, doesn't ever leave the airport. That's my Delta. There's a little shot down here. You've been taking Hawaiian everywhere now. All of the airlines have one of those. I know, they do. The Northwest was the one that was North Worst, you know. North Worst. I knew that it was untidy. I mean, they all have their own. Actually, when you talk about threats, apart from cyber crimes, one of the threats is your reputation. And a lot of these airlines, a lot of the hotels, have sites that are created by unhappy customers. There's a site called Untide, which has a big disclaimer when it comes up that this is not the United Airlines site, but it's unhappy customers who are posting. Also, there are things like Yelp. It's like Yelp, you get blame for things maybe you didn't do. Well, the challenge in the service industry is even the best, even the four seasons of the world, the Ritz-Carlton's of the world, it's hard to be 100% with guest service. There's something I teach, a marketing course, it's called the heterogeneity of service. I can't even spell that word. That's why it's in college. See, we don't understand. In the IT industry, we shoot for 100% reliability, and we always get there. It's never... But you're not dealing with this. You're getting a lot closer.  The problem with hospitality is different people are providing that service all the time.  So that's a challenge where we have a reputation.  Create a website, they're going Yelp. I used to... When I was in advertising, I used to advise my clients to register whatever their company name was, SUCKS, because if they weren't going to own the name, somebody would do it. They could block it from that. Well, they don't... I bet it... If I actually talk SUCKS, I better go get that one out. I better go get the cyber... I better go get the ground SUCKS. Better than you have it. There's so many else. That's great. I need a cyber squad on that right now. They're going to do the KS and the X, and they're going, oh, that's a lot of domains, man. That's a lot of... You need to buy in both, man. Dot org dot com dot name. So we're looking at a lot of things, though, right? You asked about risks. Some of the other risks are... RVs just got hacked, and a lot of their customers are joining a class action lawsuit. Not only is it bad reputation, there's legal fees, there's probably going to be a settlement, so that's a lot of money. And ransomware now is costing a lot of money. A lot of money, and people are falling for this left and right.  If you really want to get away clean, you don't send them the key to the software, and you just walk away. And that's a huge problem. I mean, we've really had businesses here that have been affected. I think there's statistics in... I was looking at Threat Brief this morning, and a huge population of big companies in Great Britain have been the victims of ransomware, and they're not... They don't want to tell anybody. Well, here again, the hospitality industry wants to be responsive. I mean, they're trained to... You get an email, you respond. So you get something that looks like it comes from... Oh, you want to be right on it. I want to respond right now. Right. Right. Yeah. And then, you know, with social engineering, these ransomware emails look legit, and they've actually gotten pretty sophisticated in terms of their look and feel.  And guess how you pay the ransomware? I just got to insert this. I just got to do it. Bitcoin. Bitcoin, right? Bitcoin. And guess what? The state of Hawaii shut down Coinbase, which is one of the largest Bitcoin traders exchanges in the country, and the state of Hawaii shut them down. So now, if someone gets a ransomware attack, those of us that get called to help them out have to find another way to get their problems solved. Someone on the mainland problem. Yeah, yeah. Like, they think you're going to shut down every Bitcoin in there. And now, there's always going to be some... All day long, I've been... I was looking at the message that comes a little bit for somebody that hits... It didn't happen to me, but somebody that hits the ransomware response. And it's instructions. It says, first, download... Here's how you download Tor. Here's how you're going to have to pay for it, and then you're going to get this key and you have to install the key. They're very customer service friends, actually. But a good thing for the viewers that watch the show, that if you go to the FBI websites and a number of websites, they do have the keys. So a lot of the keys now have been published. Oh, they've been reusing the keys. So they've been reusing them. Don't figure that out. That's... At least for... Paying it, go check to see if the key is there, and you might be able to get it unlocked without having to go through the payment. I can't believe how easy this is now, though. There's a Security Engineering Toolkit, or SET, set. You can download this. It comes with the Cali Linux flavor, and all the cybersecurity tools are on it. And if you know how to do a little bit of Linux, you can operate this thing. It's just a menu-driven program.  It's... In 15 seconds, you can get this working off your laptop. It's insane how easy that is, and you can get people's passwords right away. Yeah. Well, and you can buy identity on the dark web. Oh, the dark web. Yeah. Any websites I don't want to be a member of, actually. You were talking about what other things are going on with the visitor industry, the sex trafficking. Get information about that. It's marketed through the dark web. So... There's some sick folks out there. Yeah. That's sick. The dark web is pretty incredible. Now, you were mentioning to me events called Black Swan. You describe that for our audience and how that affects your industry. Well, Black Swan is something you absolutely can't predict because it's never happened before. It's outside of your realm of logical thinking. 9-11 was a Black Swan. Nobody really thought that somebody was going to get in an airplane and drive it into a building. But it happened. The question is, almost by definition, it's impossible to predict Black Swan because it's unpredictable. The terrorism version of zero-day hack. But the way to do it, or the way to at least try to do it, is I know, I've been talking to you, David, about some of the stuff that you do. It's the white hats and black hats. You do what the US Navy does. They do war games. You know, the blue against the gold and see who wins. I was reading about Pearl Harbor. And prior to World War II, there was a war game where the enemy team bombed Pearl Harbor. And they figured out how to do it because the harbor is shallow. They figured out how to develop these torpedoes that would run in shallow water. And they actually successfully attacked Pearl Harbor. And documented it. And documented it. And documented it. And the US Navy didn't believe it. So they ignored it. And I don't think they showed that documentation with the people that were in charge of Pearl Harbor in 1941. Well, we need to do sort of the same things where people game, try to break into systems, try to test the systems. And I know you're doing that. Yeah, right now, yeah. We do that.  And we also have another competition called the National Cyber League that happens two or three times a year, fall and spring at a very minimum. And then we have Paul Ihe, which is here at UH. We do another cybersecurity competition. And these are all captured the flag, red team, blue team. And we have a defensive team and an offensive team. And we practice attacking networks. And the networks are simulated companies. You have a web server, file server. You have customer service agents. And then you have things called injects where the judge will inject, oh, my website went down, or oh, I need to recover my password. Please walk me through these steps. And they try to socially engineer those people. So if I can just interject, because I've got, I'm using your skill sets of the students to do white hack hacking of clients, right? So who have agreed to have you come in and do this. I think it's important that people watch this show that realize that if they want to have someone come in and do a white hack to test their security systems, you're doing that now. You're providing that. We have an ICT club at Capitol County Community College that does actual penetration tests on private companies for donations. What you have to realize is the black hats are doing this all the time. Oh, I know. That's exactly how they come up with the black swans. We finally get security in the securities of the airports. And what do the terrorists do? They set off a bomb outside of that. They did that in Istanbul and Brussels.  That's why you can't bring liquids on the airplane. Oh, yeah, the binary liquid combinations, right? So the black hats are always doing that. So it's incumbent upon industry, the private sector, to have the white hats do that challenge and see how they can. There's another thing, though. Not only the penetration test, but what I'm finding is that most companies will say, we've gone out and we've hired a couple of cybersecurity professionals. They're going to protect us. And I tell those people, no. This is a hive mentality operation. You need to get everybody involved. If everybody knows what these possibilities are, then you're much more defensible than if just one or two guys are trying to go out there and protect your network. I love that term hive, but it really translates to having a culture in the company that understands the importance of security and cybersecurity. And that starts management all the way down to the front desk. A lot of what I teach at Capilani Community College is just be aware. Whether you're running in the front desk or a department, you need to know that training is important. Awareness is important. Security is important. And then it's got to permeate through the whole staff. Continuous, because you're always rotating people through there, yeah? Okay, so we're almost done for today. I want to thank Frank for being on the show. Happy to be here. And Gordo, you're always welcome. I love having you. But anytime you provide the water, man, I'm here. Take another sip of water. Thank you so much. And we'll be back next week with another episode. I think next week we're going to handle cybersecurity in academia, which is a huge deal. That's a joxymoron or whatever you're going to call it. Oh, oxymoron. Well, let's give everyone a great big aloha, everybody. One, two, three.


Okay, welcome back everyone to our next segment here at SiliconANGLE, hosted Druva live event here in Palo Alto, our next segment hosting Matt Morgan and David Cordell for the Understand the Customer Journey, Matt the CMO of Druva and David Cordell customer. Matt, welcome back. Good to see you again. It's great to see you, John. So take us through the customer journey. Okay, if you were to think about data protection using legacy terms, you really think mostly about backup and you think about the idea that if I just make a copy of the data and keep it in some storage apparatus, I've kind of protected my data. When you move to data management as a service, you turn that whole thing on its ear. First, let's talk about data protection. You can protect all of your endpoints. I don't care if the endpoints are on the land or they're deep in the field connected up to the cloud through a Wi-Fi connection. You can protect all of them. By collecting that data and protecting it, you can ensure that no matter what happens, people can get access to that information. Second, your servers. In remote offices where there's VMware proliferation, if you will, often most organizations don't even go through the hassle of trying to protect those servers. They just give up and they go unprotected. With data management as a service, you can wrap Druva's solution inside those servers and back those up directly to the cloud. That data will coexist with the endpoints. And also, importantly, the move to cloud apps. People move to Office 365. They move to G Suite. They move to Salesforce. They got box folders. They think that data is protected. And what they find is over time, when data is lost, it's gone. And Druva can back that up as well, bringing all that together. So our customer journey starts with protection. But what happens after protection is where it gets really interesting. Because that data is together and it's inside the cloud, you actually can govern that data. So now, legal teams can have access to all of that data if needed. You have the opportunity to manage it from a governance perspective. You have the opportunity to ensure that you're in compliance on that data. And with GDPR, that's becoming such a big deal. And as the service piece, though, is adopting, talk about how that is accelerating and where this connects. Oh, absolutely. As a service is what makes the whole thing magical. If you think about how people can protect their data when all they have to think about is connecting to Druva, you can protect all of that data, right? You don't have to think about, well, I need to build yet another architecture on-prem. I got to go buy yet another appliance. Oh, wait, that appliance is full. I got to buy another one. Oh, wait, the hard drives are over three years old. I got to refresh the, all of that goes away. Now, as a service, they just connect. I'm connected. I'm done. Three years, do I have to refresh? No, I don't have to do anything. It's all right there. And the third part, though, when you start looking at the customer journey is where it gets super, super interesting. We've been able to wrap machine learning around this data. And by having it all this one data set and having machine learning algorithms, you can evolve customers to data intelligence. David, do you see cloud as the center of your data protection strategy or as an extension of your data protection strategy? Well, we see Druva as the center of our data protection and management strategy. The cloud offers, even though there's consolidation, there's still pitfalls and a lot of management that you have to deal with. Druva was able to simplify this and give us an easy solution. What's the key to their success and your opinion? The key to the system, my opinion, is that, well, these abuse, these implementation, the security that's wrapped behind it in the back end that a lot of people just don't see. And setting it up, it literally is just minutes. You know, if I'm with professional services, within 30 minutes, you're set up and you're ready to roll. It's taken the pressure off of our legacy systems. Now, we have set up new environments, but the legacy data is still a problem for us and they've been able to determine what is good data and what's not. Druva's been able to help us determine, based on governance and the intelligence that's being provided. Great, Matt. I mean, they're using Druva as a center of their data protection strategy at the cloud versus an extension. As some people may look at it, why is this pattern relevant? Is it a pattern? And what does it mean? Because this journey is one that a lot of people are on right now, because with the cloud, there's no walls. There's no perimeter. It's a completely different paradigm shift in how you think about IT from an architectural standpoint. It's not the same data protection game as it used to be. You guys have this as a service. So what does it mean to be at the center of the data protection strategy? And is this pattern consistent with what you're seeing? So we've got 4,000 customers on the platform now. And David's story is the story I hear all the time. The idea that I can simply protect my data through a simple connection to the cloud. Bam, that's it. Nothing else to do. I got a single pane of glass. I can access that data. If something goes wrong, I can pull that data down. That is a complete game change where if you think about how people used to have to architect a system to be able to protect their data. You think about buying the equipment, wiring up the network, getting the appliance hot, getting access to the appliance. Are my endpoints and my server and my cloud apps, are they able to communicate? I mean all of these things that used to be kind of the big aha, they all go away with Druva. You just simply connect to the service and off you go, right? So the conversation that you've had about the simplicity angle is kind of the gateway drug to why you get started, but the limitations to it aren't there, right? So people start saying, wow, if it's that easy, I could do more than just the endpoints. I can start doing my service. I can do more than just three or four of my servers. Why don't I just do all my servers, right? I mean this is the conversation that I'm hearing. Maybe you can comment some more on that. Well, there's a lot more to it, I think, than just that, but that's dead on. What we were seeing is resources. So when you talk about whether it's hardware, software resources, it's also employee resources. Right. Getting those all lined up is very difficult. So if we were looking at a product in-house, so if we're going to bring on prim, it would probably take about four to six months to be able to roll it out, because you have to plan. It's like you said, the architect that sits behind it. Not using an appliance or something. An appliance, yeah. That's all that work's got to be vetted. All that stuff is that kind of, that's a problem.  We have Homeland Security in the Coast Guard, you know, comes down to us and say, okay, these are the regulations that you're going to need to follow. We'll do these applications or do these appliances meet those standards. In some cases, no. In other cases, kind of, sort of. Well, we found what's true, but that, you know, if you look at HIPAA, SOC2, FedRAMP Ready, these are things that are really important to us, especially our CISO team. Yeah, the cover cloud's key. I got to ask about the security. You mentioned Coast Guard, first thing. Because often, my head is, you know, they want security, because you've got a lot of stuff going in and out of the port of New Orleans.  What's the security angle look like on this? What's your thoughts on that? So, the security is really good. The, we do face a lot of attacks. Stuff, it comes in from all angles. Like I said, with a lot of the back end, it's the, at the sub, what is it? The sub layer. That, to me, is really important. So, you have your normal encryption, which I wouldn't tell you, all right, we know we're going to do from point A to point B, you're encrypted. Now, when I started asking questions about back end encryption, most companies cannot answer. Well, we need to find another engineer. Well, we're not sure we'll get back to you. So, with Druva, I was able to get on the phone and started asking the question, sorry, how do your subsystems communicate? How has the encryption done on it? What type of encryption has done it? They had tech jobs. They had security jobs. Yeah. So, people have a black hole. Well, I'll get back to you. Yeah. Which means they don't have much. Exactly. And so, with Druva, you know, it was, you know, there were several conversations, but they were usually real short, 10-minute conversations, all right, you know, can you answer this for me? So, as I come up, it's easy to reach back out to Druva and say, okay, what about this? And I really got an answer back. I didn't have to wait for anyone else. I didn't have to wait for a call back. So, it's really convenient for me and my CISO team. Matt, what's the impact to the marketplace? Because, I mean, basically, a lot of the stuff that's emerging ransomware is a huge issue. You've got obviously security from the participants moving in and out of the cloud, whether they're customers and or, you know, attackers. It's got to work. So, you have to deal with a lot of this stuff. How do you guys make that work and then you've got to have the comfort to the customers saying operationally you're going to be solid? Well, I think that the cloud providers have done us a wonderful service, right? They have been out evangelizing the move to the cloud. Druva doesn't have to have that conversation anymore. It's now part of the lifeblood of any IT organization. The cloud is reality. So, now we're able to come in and say, how can you maximize that investment, right? So, take ransomware for a moment.  This year, there were two massive ransomware attacks. We've seen 600% increase in ransomware attacks overall this year and we did an incredible survey that showed an enormous amount of penetration within the Fortune 500. People are losing their data. In this last attack, what was really scary, you didn't have the option to pay the bitcoin or if you did pay the bitcoin, they didn't bother you to send you the key to get your data back. So, it was more like a white wear attack, not a ransomware attack. I think ransomware attacks are underestimated. People don't understand how severe this is because not only you down and you are hijacked, if you will, for the ransom, for the security, look at the impact of the business. I mean, HBO is a real public example recently. I mean, this is a real threat to the business model of these companies. It's not like a checkbox on security anymore. Not only you have to check the box, but you've got to really have a bulletproof strategy. Yeah, it's not a nice to have, right? It used to think that maybe ransomware would attack a dummy that would click on a link in an email. Well, reality is everyone's going to make a mistake and no matter what perimeter security you have, somebody is not...  Someone's going to accidentally click on something and, bam, the ransomware is in your firewall. So, with Druva, you don't have to worry about it. Your data will be protected. It's not just going to be protected. It's going to be protected in the cloud, which is a separate area. There's no way the ransomware is going to crawl to the cloud to encrypt that data. And with our machine learning tech, we're going to see the first encryption, so we're going to alert you so you have early detection. We call it anomaly detection, giving you the opportunity to make sure you can recover all that data. If a friend asks you, hey, what's the journey like with Druva and how do you expect it to go forward? How would you describe that journey? Oh, easy. Simplicity. Moving to Druva was an easy decision. So, if someone was coming to me and asked me, you know, they wanted to find out what about Druva products, it's easy. Get in touch with them. Come up with your list of questions and start drilling them. I was actually pretty rough in one of the meetings with Druva. I wish I could have been a friend. What did you do? Did you drill them on the technical? Was it more of, you know, I mean, what was the key drill down points for you? For me, it's technical. So, there was a couple aspects. You know, we did see a couple of ransomware. It took us a while to recover. So, that was a driving factor, but most of when I was drilling Druva, it was all technical. Like I said, though, they were firing back the answers as fast as I was firing the questions. So, just be prepared. The one thing that, as you touched on with the ransomware, the other nice thing about it is that you can step back through your recovery points and see, okay, this is exactly when it happened. So, there is the analytic piece of it, and the machine learning that is absolutely sweet. It's a lot of times I actually... The forensics are critical. Yes. So, I get the alert, and so when I get things, you know, I'm a technical CTO. I'm gonna go and start looking at things. So, it's really convenient for me to start going back and stepping through, okay, now I see it. So, besides all the alerts and what you're telling me, I now see this exact same thing. So, it's easy to act on... And going forward, how do you see that journey progressing? What are the things that you anticipate that you'll be dealing with as CTO, technical CTO? What are the things that are on the horizon for you that you're gonna... You're looking down the barrel of, is it more ransom wear? Is it more expansion? What's the strategy look like? We're seeing the strangest attacks, wherever. So, right now there's shipping. Shipping is getting attacked left and right. It's been going on for several months. We actually brought a company in that provides networking and solutions for ships themselves for the liners. So, they show us the computer system that's on the ship. So, I started to ask them again about security and draw blanks. So, in working with actually the Maritime Port Security Information Sharing Organization out of the Gulf of Mexico, it's a lot of awareness. A lot of it's education, not only for in-users, but for IT. So, to be able to start stepping back through, the back is top notch. Huge story. I'd love to drill down on that. I'm sure the infrastructure and the evolution, they've got to modernize their fleets, technically speaking. They do. And a lot of them are looking to the United States that have come from overseas as a driver. Yeah. So, what we're seeing again is through ships. We are seeing some ransomware come across. There's, I guess, what was it in Russia, they had a rail attack. Well, recently the Port of New Orleans has acquired public belt of New Orleans. So, that will fall under our jurisdiction soon as well. So, it's like, all right, what kind of attacks are we going to be seeing from this? So, a lot of it is the swishing system. But the majority, I know the Coast Guard, a recent activity that we had was all on fishing. So, a lot of it today is through fishing. But we're going to start seeing more IoT. We've seen a couple good cell phone attacks. But back to the IoT, there was attacks that they weren't organized. They weren't professionals running attacks. They're coming. And it's going to be rough when they hit. Don't look at any surface here. That's the whole point of cloud, Matt, for the customer journey. Having that center strategy gives you a lot of flexibility. Yeah, I think the idea of leveraging all the security that has now been hardened into public cloud providers as you and AWS, you can inherit all of that as part of the solution. And then all the work that we've done to layer on top of that gives you further assurances. But there's nothing like just having your data replicated entirely off-site in the cloud. And when we talk about replication, we actually do that several times over. So you're in a situation where you have redundancy and I think that that's a value as well. Good to have technical chops. Customer insurance have to be simple. That's kind of a basic concept but tried and trued business model, making things simple and elegant. Can you congratulate us? Thanks for spending the time sharing the story, Dave. Appreciate it. We'll be right back more. Special coverage here at theCUBE. Thanks for watching.


So the first thing that we need to do is import our pandas library. So we're gonna say import and we're gonna say pandas. Now this will import the pandas library but it's pretty common place to give it an alias and as a standard when using pandas people will say as pd. So this is just a quick alias that you can use that's what I always use and I've always used it because that's how I learned it and I want to teach it to you the right way so that's how we're gonna do it in this video. So let's hit shift enter. Now that that is imported we can start reading in our files. Now right down here I'm gonna open up my file explorer and we have several different types of files in here. We have CSV files, text files, JSON files and an Excel worksheet which is a little bit different than a CSV. So we're gonna import all of those I'm gonna show you how to import it as well as some of the different things that you need to be aware of when you're importing. So we're gonna import some of those different file types and I'll show you how to do that within pandas. So the first thing that we need to say is pd. and let's read in a CSV because that's a pretty common one. We'll say read underscore CSV and this is literally all you have to write in order to call that in. Now it's not going to call it in as a string like it would in one of our previous videos if you're just using the regular operating system of Python. When you're using pandas it calls it in as a data frame and I'll talk about some of the nuances of that. So let's go down to our file explorer. We have this countries of the world CSV you just need to click on it and right click and copy as path and that's literally going to copy that file path for us. You don't have to type it out manually you can if you'd like and we're just going to paste it in between these parentheses. Now if we run it right now it will not work I'll do that for you. It's saying we have this unicode error. Basically what's happening is it's reading in these backslashes and this colon and all those backslashes in there and this period at the end. What we need to do is read this in as a raw text. So we're just going to say r and now it's going to read this as a literal string or a literal value and not as you know with all these backslashes which does make a big difference. When we run this it's going to populate our very first data frame so let's go ahead and run it and now we have this CSV in here with our country and our region. Now if we go and pull up this file and let's do that really quickly let's bring up this countries of the world it automatically populated those headers for us in the data frame but we don't have any column for those zero one two three. So if we go back as you can see right here there's this index and that's really important in a data frame it's really what makes a data frame a data frame and we use index a lot in pandas. We're able to filter on the index search on the index and a lot of other things which will show you in future videos but this is basically how you read in a file. Now if we go right up here in between these parentheses and we hit shift tab this is going to come up for us let's hit this plus button and what this is is these are all the arguments are all the things that we can specify when we're reading in a file and there are a lot of different options. So let's go ahead and take a look really quickly. Really quickly I wanted to give a huge shout out to the sponsor of this entire pandas series and that is Udemy. Udemy has some of the best courses at the best prices and it is no exception when it comes to pandas courses. If you want to master pandas this is the course that I would recommend it's going to teach you just about everything you need to know about pandas. So a huge shout to Udemy for sponsoring this pandas series and let's get back to the video. The first thing is obviously the file path. We can specify a separator which there is no default so when we're pulling in the CSV when we're reading in the CSV it's automatically going to assume it's a comma because it's a comma separated file. You can choose delimiters headers names index columns and a lot of other things as you can see right here. Now I will say that I don't use almost any of these. The few that I'm going to show you really quickly in just a second are at the very top but you can do a ton of different things and I'm just gonna slowly go through them. So that's what those are. You can also go down here this is our doc string and you can see exactly how these parameters work. It'll show you and give you a text and you walk you through how to do this. Again most of these you'll probably never use but things like a separator could actually be useful and things like a header could be useful because it is possible that you want to either rename your headers or you don't have a header in your CSV and you don't want it to auto populate that header so that is something that you can specify. So for example this header one and I'll show you how to do this the default behaviors to infer that there are column names. If no names are passed this behavior is identical to header equals zero. So it's saying that first row or that first index which it's like right here that zero is going to be read in as a header but we can come right over here and we'll do comma header is equal to and we could say none and as you can see there are no headers now instead it's another index. So we have indexes in both the x-axis and the y-axis and so right now we have the zero and one index indicating the first column and the second column. If we want to specify those names we can say the header equals none then we can say names is equal to and we'll give it a list and so the first one was country and what's that second one oh region so right here that's the first row but we'll rename it and we'll just say country and region and when we run that we've now populated the country and the region we're just pretending that our CSV does not have these values in it and we have to name it ourselves that's how you do it but let's get rid of all that because we actually do want those in there so we're just going to get rid of those and read it in as normal and there we go. Now typically when you're reading in a file what you need to do is you want to assign that to a variable almost always when you see any tutorial or anybody online or even when you're actually working people will say df is equal to df stands for data frame again this is a data frame in the next video in the series i'm going to walk through what a series is as well as what a data frame is because that's pretty important to know when you're working with these data frames but we'll assign it to this value and then we'll say we'll call it by saying df and we'll run it and that's typically how you'll do things because you want to save this data frame so later on you can do things like data frame dot and you can you know pass in different modules but you can't really do that it's not as easy to do it if you're calling this entire csv and importing it every time so let's copy this because now we're going to import a different type of file so now we've been doing read csv but we can also import text files now you can do that with the read csv we can import text files let's look at this one we have the same one it's countries of the world except now it's a text file because i just converted it for this video i'll copy that as a path and so now when we do this oops let me get those quotes in there they'll say world dot txt it will still work as you can see this did not import properly um we have this country backslash t region and then all of our values are the exact same with this backslash t that's because we need to use a separator and i'll show you in just a little bit how we can do this in a different way but with that read csv this is how we can do it we'll just say sep is equal to we need to do backslash t now let's try running this and as you can see it now has it broken out into country and region we could also do it the more proper way and this is the way you should do it and i'll get rid of these really quickly but just want to keep them there in case you want to see that but you can also do read underscore table and let's get rid of this separator and now we have no separator it's just reading it in as a table let's run this and it reads it in properly the first time this read table can be used for tons of different data types but typically i've been using it for like text files um we can also read in that csv so let's change this right here to csv we can read it in as a csv but just like we did in the last one when we read in the text file using read csv this read table you're going to need to specify the separator and so i'll just copy this and we'll say comma and now it reads it in properly again you can use that for a ton of different file types but you just need to specify a few more things if you don't want to use the more specific read underscore function when you're using pandas now let's copy this again we're gonna go right down here and now let's do json files json files usually hold semi-structured data um which is definitely different than very structured data like csv where it has columns and rows so let's go to our file explorer we have this json sample we will copy this in as the path let's paste it right here and we'll do read underscore json again these different functions were built out specifically for these file types that's why you know each one has a different name so now we're reading this in as the json let's read it in and it read it in properly now let's go ahead and copy this and take a look at excel files because excel files are a little bit different than other ones that we've looked at um so let's just do read underscore cell and let's go down to our file explorer and let's actually open up this workbook as you can see we have sheet one right here but we also have this world population which has a lot more data let's say we just wanted to read in sheet one we can do that or by default it's going to read in this world population because it's the first sheet in the excel file well let's go ahead and take a look at that let's get out of here and let's say oops I forgot to copy the file path let's go ahead and copy as path and we'll put it right here and let's just read it in with no arguments or anything in there or no parameters when we read it in it's reading in that very first sheet so this is the one that has all of the data now let's say we wanted to read in that extra sheet name or the second sheet name we'll just go comma sheet underscore name so it's equal to and then we can specify sheet was it sheet one like this yes it was so we just had to specify the sheet name right here and then it brought in that sheet instead of the default which is the very first sheet in that excel and that definitely covers a lot of how you read in those files again you can come in here and hit shift tab and this plus sign and take a look at all the documentation and you can specify a lot of different things things that I didn't think were very important for you guys to know especially if you're just starting out the ones that we looked at today are what I would say are like the ones that I use almost all the time so I wanted to show you those but if you're interested in any of these other ones or you have very unique data and you need to do that um you know it's worth really getting in here and figuring things out a few other things that I wanted to show you just in this kind of first video or this intro video on how to read in files um one thing that you may have noticed especially in this file right here is we're only looking at the first five and then the last five so if we wanted to see all the data all the data is in these like little three dots right here right we want to be able to see that data but right now we can't and that's because of some settings that are already within pandas and all we need to do is change that so this one has 234 rows and four columns so obviously we can see all the columns well let's just change the rows all we'll say is pd dot set underscore option now what we need to do is we're going to change the rows we're not going to change the columns at least not on this one so we'll say quote display dot max dot rows now if we just run this or whatever data we bring in it's going to be able to show the max rows and then we'll say 235 all those 234 rows I'm just going to be safe let's run this and now it has changed it so let's read in this file again and you'll see how it's changed now we have all the numbers and we have this little bar on the right that allows us to go down all the way to the bottom and all the way to the top so now we can actually look and kind of skim and see our values I like that better than just having that you know shorter version we can do the exact same thing on columns as well so if we look at this one this is our json file it has the same thing right here we have what was it 38 columns but we can only see I think it's maybe it's 20 or something like that I can't remember but we have 38 we can only see like let's say 15 of them or 20 of them we'll do the exact same thing and we'll just say pd.setOptions.max.columns and we'll set that to 40 for that one when we run this oops let's get over here when we run this one again we can now scroll over and see every single one of our columns now that one is a in my opinion a lot more useful I like being able to see every single column so definitely something that you should be using especially when you have these really large files you want to be able to see a lot of the data and a lot of the columns so when you're slicing and dicing and doing all the things that are about to learn in this pandas series you know you know what you're looking at I also want to show you just how to kind of look at your data in these data frames as well because that's also pretty important so let's go right down here and the very last one that we imported was this one right here this read excel so this data frame is the only one that's going to read in let's run it this is the last one to be run so this variable right here df it won't be applied to all these other ones which we can always go back and change this typically you'll do something like data frame two you want to do something like that um so let's keep data frame two oops so what we're going to do is we're going to bring data frame two right down here and we want to take a look at some of this data we want to know a little bit more about it something that you can do is data frame two dot info and we'll do an open parentheses and when we run this it's going to give us a really quick breakdown of a little bit of our data so we have our columns right here rank cca three country and capital it's saying we have 234 values in those columns because there's 234 scroll up here because there's 234 rows that tells me that there's no missing data in here at least not you know completely missing like null values there is something in each of those rows the count tells me it's not null so there's no null values and it tells me the data type so it's ringing in as an integer an object an object and an object and it also tells us how much memory it's using which is also pretty neat because when you get really really large data types memory usage and and knowing how to work around that stuff does become more important than when you're working at these really small you know sample sizes that we're looking at we can also do oops let me get rid of that you can also do data frame two and we'll do shape and for this one we do not need the parentheses and all this is going to tell us is we have 234 rows and four columns we're also able to look at the first few values or rows in each of these data frames so we can just say data frame two dot head and if we do that it's going to give us the first five values but we can specify how many we want you say head 10 it'll give us the first 10 rows right here we can do the exact same thing and let's go right down here and we'll say tail but it'll give us the last 10 rows within our data frame now let's copy this and let's say we don't want to actually look at all of these values or all these columns we can specify that by saying df2 and oops let's get rid of all of this and we'll say with a quote we'll say rank and now we can take just a look the rank data now we can't do that by doing the index or at least not like this if we want to use this index that is right here we can but there's a very special function called look and I look for that and I'm going to have an entire video on this because it does get a little bit more complex but there's df2.loc and there's look and I look stands for location and I location that's only for the indexes whether it's the x axis or the y axis those are the indexes and for location it's looking for the actual text the actual string of the index so if we come up here that data frame two we can specify 224 and it'll give us this information right here a little different format so let's go bracket and we'll say 224 and when we run this it gives us our rank cca country capital with our values over here kind of like a dictionary almost now let's copy this and we'll say df2.loc and right now these look the exact same but we haven't really talked a lot about changing the index and you can change the index to a string or a different column or something like that and we'll look at that in future videos the i-lock looks at the integer location so even if these let's go right up here even if this index had changed to let's say this rank or the cca3 or country or whatever you make this index the i-loc will still look at the integer location so that 224 would still be 224 even if it was Uzbekistan so then when we look at this it's going to be the exact same but if we had changed that index this loc is the one that we could search on and we could search Uzbekistan is that how you spell Uzbekistan hey I nailed it so that is how you use loc and i-loc again I just wanted to show you a little bit about how you can look at your data frame or search within your data frame now in future videos I'm going to dive a lot deeper into a lot of the concepts that we just looked at because I just kind of touched on them I wanted you to have a brief introduction to them so that in future videos I'm not just dropping everything on you all at once so hopefully this was a good quick introduction to those topics you should be able to read in a file now see your data frame and kind of look at it in a few different ways that we just looked at and I hope that that was helpful and if it was be sure to check out all my other videos on python and pandas and if you like this video be sure to like and subscribe below and I'll see you in the next video


Hi everyone, Basel Chapman here for the 11 o'clock Tiger Financial News Network Market Update on this Friday, the 9th of December. We're looking at the Dow that was down sharply earlier on. It's now coming back. It's up 15,000 to 30,000, 794, and I was talking about this in my show just a moment ago, Tiger Communications Now, that sometimes markets like to climb a wall of worry, but in this particular instance, the Dow has actually held a lot better than you'd expect. It's in this rectangle formation between 34,000, say 600, and the low that was made just four days ago of 34,000. That's not bad when you think it's had five or six days in which to really tank with bad news, hasn't done that. S&P is a little worse in terms of the pattern, but today it's up eight points at 39.71. It was earlier, it was lower down. It really needs to get to 4,010 to say, hey, I'm trying to go back to the top, we'll see what happens there. QQQ, index 100, trading very nicely now up $1.32. It actually led the markets yesterday to down a percentage basis so far. It's actually leading again. It wasn't earlier on. I like that. I think that's really important. You've got to have the index 100 moving well. IWM, Russell 2000 small caps down just a little bit down 40 cents at 180.40. Yeah, that's struggling. Wait a minute, gold, Fridays usually can't be horrible for gold. This is not bad. It's up seven at 1808. It's trying to get to above 1821 in the continuous contract to start Leg D. The dollar is pulling back or it was pulling back earlier on. Let's see where it is now. It's up 19 ticks at 104.98, really not going anywhere at this particular point. We're looking at crude oil, which keeps making lower lows and lower highs. It is up one, but really it's acting very poorly at 17257. Let me just sum this up. The day is young. Anything can happen, but most importantly, what you want to see is that this is what I want to see. I want to see the index, the QQQ, start to gain momentum to the upside. The Dow can relax a little bit. I want to see some leadership, the general current lead without the troops. You have to have the troops, and that signifies troops in the QQQ. Let's see what happens. The day is young. As I say, anything can happen. If you look at the E-mini chart, and I will be doing a webinar, a lot of it based on the E-mini coming up Thursday every week. Check out front page of TFNN. Look at the tiger dollars, and then check out my dating, that's an intraday trading webinar. This is a leg C, a new leg C in the E-mini above the resistance. That's the first time it's done that. Have a great day. Stay tuned for great programming. See you on Monday.


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