Hi, everyone, and welcome to our talk. Adopting cloud computing models could be a blessing or a curse. When done with security and compliance in mind, it could save you lots of time, effort, and operational costs. When done without regard to security and compliance, it could result in exposing your company to financial and reputational risks. In this lightning talk, we will focus on the cloud-cheered responsibility model and how to leverage it to your advantage. I'm Antrug Asaf. A senior development manager on the IS public cloud team at IBM. And I'm David Laboch, an IBM-distinguished engineer focusing on data and AI software as a service. Many of us are hard-draining to cloud and want to concentrate on getting value and not spending valuable resources on supporting functions of our workloads. We outsource where we can benefit. Though, on this journey to cloud, one needs to rethink roles and responsibilities for securing workloads and data. In a traditional on-premise environment, we have full control and responsibility for securing our workloads. Yet this is not the case if we move our workloads to the cloud. Cloud security roles and responsibilities differ based on cloud delivery model you use, whether it's IS, PAS, SAS, or even a combination of them. Two main stakeholders mentioned on the European General Data Production Regulation, UDPR, are controllers and processors. The controller is typically the customer acting as a data controller for any personal content they have on their cloud environment and determining the purpose and means for processing of personal data. The processor typically is the role of the cloud service provider, processing personal data on behalf of the controller. Eric, a good example is the responsibility over securing privileged access to cloud workloads. Managing privileged access to sensitive data is a shared responsibility between the processor and the controller of the data, as defined by GDPR. However, in the survey shown here, an alarming 60% of organizations incorrectly view the cloud provider as being the solely responsible for securing privileged access to cloud workloads. If you read your agreement with your cloud provider, you'll find that this isn't true. It's shocking how many public cloud customers are assuming that the cloud service providers can completely protect their customized, highly individualized cloud workloads. During cloud migrations, the majority of the company surveyed stated that they overlooked the shown above security controls relating to privileged access. To defend against breaches and adverse apportion of shared responsibility models, organizations need to establish security practices and use security tools that are purpose-built for cloud security. The shared responsibility models are one of the least understood but most impactful components of cloud risk management, according to the cloud security aligns. The root cause of many security incidents is an assumption that the cloud provider is handling something when it turns out nobody's handling it. In his book, Practical Cloud Security, Chris Dustin explains the shared responsibility model using the analogy of eating pizza. The traditional on-premise world is like making pizza at home. You buy lots of different components, make a dough, assemble the pizza yourself. It takes effort, but you get complete flexibility. When you use the infrastructure as a service, though, the base layer is already prepared for you. You add whatever you need to add, bake it yourself, and you're responsible for these things. When you move up to platform as a service, more decisions are baked for you and you just use that base as part of developing your end solution. With pizza as a service, you're hungry for pizza. You can just go sit down at a restaurant and order a pizza. Sometimes it can be difficult to categorize a service as IS or PAS and they're growing together in many cases. The exact classification isn't important. What's important is that you understand what a service provider does and what your responsibilities are. When you get to software as a service, it might seem like everything's done for you. It is not. You still have the responsibility to eat safely and although some might disagree, but the restaurant should not be responsible if you choke on your food. In SaaS world, this largely comes down to managing access controls properly. The reality of cloud computing is unfortunately a little more complicated than eating pizza in their some gray areas. At the bottom of the diagram, things are concrete, often literally. The cloud provider has complete responsibility for physical infrastructure security, which often involves controls beyond what companies can reasonably do on premises, such as biometric access with anti-tailgating measures, security guards and similar controls to keep unauthorized personnel out of the physical facilities. Some cloud providers offer the option of running workloads on dedicated hosts or a higher cost, of course. If you choose to run on a multi-tenant virtualized environment, the security controls keeping your virtual environment separate from other customers' virtual environments are the provider's responsibility. When the spectra and meltdown vulnerabilities came to light in early 2018, one of the potential effects was that the users in one virtual machine could read the memory of another virtual machine on the same physical computer. For IS customers, fixing that part of the vulnerability was the responsibility of the cloud provider, but fixing the vulnerabilities within the operating system was the customer's responsibility. Network security is shown as a shared responsibility as there are several layers of networking and the responsibility for each slice with a different party. The cloud provider has its own network that is its responsibility, but there's usually a virtual network on top, and that's the customer's responsibility to carve up into reasonable security zones and put the proper access controls and rules around them. Many implementations also use overly networks, firewalls, transport encryption that are the customer's responsibility. Operating system security is usually your responsibility if you're using IS, and it's the customer's, sorry, the provider's responsibility if you're purchasing platform or software services. In general, if you're purchasing those services, you have no access to the underlying operating system. As a general rule of thumb, if you have the ability to break it, you usually have the responsibility for securing it. Middleware in this context is a generic name for software such as databases, application servers, or queuing systems. If they're in the middle between the operating system and the application, they're typically not directly used by end users, but used to develop solutions for end users. If you're using a pass, middleware security is often a shared responsibility. The provider might keep the software up to date, but you retain the responsibility for securing relevant settings such as encryption. The application layer is what the end user actually uses. If you're using SAS, vulnerabilities at this layer, such as cross-site scripting or a SQL injection, are the provider's responsibility. Even if all of the other layers have bulletproof security, a vulnerability at the application security layer can easily expose all of your information. Finally, data access security is almost always your responsibility as a customer. If you incorrectly tell your cloud provider to allow access to a specific data set, such as granting incorrect storage permissions, middleware permissions, or SAS permissions, there's really nothing the provider can do. Many real-world examples of security incidents stem from poor understanding of the shared responsibility model, and came from object storage buckets. Even if the storage solution you use is secure and encrypted, it wouldn't help if you don't set your access controls properly. This misunderstanding has caused the loss of data on 198 million U.S. voters, auto-tracking company records, wireless customer records, over 3 million demographic survey records, and over 50,000 Indian Citizens Credit reports. What is the waterline of the iceberg of your workload? We hope you found our introduction of the shared responsibility model useful as a tool to assess and classify your responsibilities for your workloads. We would love to stay in touch. Please find us on LinkedIn and enjoy the rest of the conference.


Aikawa said on Tuesday that it feared potential delays in elections in Mali aimed at restoring civilian rule following last year's coup. In a statement, the group said it remained worried by the lack of concrete action to prepare for the vote. It has been promised for February 2022 by Colonel Asimi Goita. The announcement came at the end of a three-day mission to Mali led by former Nigerian president Goodluck Jonathan.


Hello, okay Yeah, all right So the way electronics are designed is normally using CAD tools where you have a Schematic entry tool on one side where you define all your connections And then you have a PCB layout tool where you then route those connections on the kind of physical model of your printed circuit board and that's That's how we that's how electronics projects are designed and if you Once you do this you can make a design that you can share with people and that's what we call open hardware electronics really And that's been growing really. There's a lot of I did this kind of survey last year at first before for them And I repeated it just now and more and more people are sharing their projects online So what this talk is going to be about is just going from a design that probably someone else has made and Getting to the physical Working assembled printed circuit board So electronics is kind of completely and also like about making connections and the only way to get better at it and knowing what the right connections are is to try it out and This is this is called a solar spread road and with it you can just kind of plug components in and see if it works Maybe something will blow up. Maybe not but When you're when you're getting started with this the really though the I would look at this what the inside of this bread roll looks like because it's quite if you if you just looking at it From the outside you don't know where the connections are being made So take a look at this picture and see and then you can realize where your connections are being made for you by the breadboard If you want to If you want something more permanent, you'd probably use something like proto or vero or strip board It's kind of the same names for pretty much the same thing and they're you can then sold on and the components won't fall out anymore As the designs get more complex though, you probably want to have a printer circuit board and you can still make this at home you get a copper-clad fiberglass board and There's a few methods of getting your design onto there You can use You can use a lithography process or you can use What's called a toner transfer using an inkjet printer But the important thing is to get the kind of ink onto this copper-clad board That's gonna when you then do the etching process, which is the next step It's gonna keep those connections there and get rid of all the other copper So at the end you're left with just the connections that you want So if you're looking at an open-source hardware project though, you'll get you'll be looking for the Gerber files and when you Most open-source hardware electronics projects will have multiple layers. They'll have a sold resist layer and a mask layer a silk screen layer and Quite a lot of tiny drills like that root connections between the different layers so Mostly you will want to use the industrial process for making Printed circuit boards, so it's kind of it is the same etching process in the end But they have a few more extra strips and they have a lot more precision so you can You can get a nice silk screen or ident layer which identifies Well, if the design is well done, it will show you where all the components are supposed to go and what the name of the project is You have a much more accurate drilling and the drills themselves internally electroplated so that connections can be made between layers and You can have a lot more different layers. They'll be laminate Layers together you can really do up to 16 or even 32 layers, but that's quite expensive But on the whole this is really cheap and there's loads of services that will do this gladly do this for you and It doesn't take too long either take about two weeks to get your printed circuit board manufactured if you pay more It'll be quicker so But obviously the printed circuit board is only part of the puzzle and we also one need to know what components we want So when you're looking at an open source hardware project We'll look for the bills of material so this is normally a spreadsheet that defines exactly what components you want to buy What I actually have an open source project, which is a browser extension that helps you get from this bill of materials To the browser shopping cart obviously you can do this manually as well, but this is This is My project which this animation was supposed to start somewhere else, so it's gonna just take a little bit longer but I Anyway, so in the end it's supposed to go into the shopping cart and you can watch this on the on the website itself I went even further with this and I made a kitspace.org which is a platform where people can upload complete designs and They put the garbage files on there and their bill of materials and you can easily get all the parts You need to replicate a project But let's talk about about the components These are resistors That's what they look like that you can out of through hole or surface mount There's no scale for this but this component is tiny. I don't know there may be a mistake to make it so huge on the slides here So surface mount just means that you don't have legs and When on the printed circuit board it sits on top and it doesn't go through the holes when you solder it The capacitors come in all kinds of shapes really The big kind of the bigger electrolytics, they're normally polarized. You have to watch out what which way around you have those But they come in surface mount in tiny surface mount versions as well It just depends on what kind of values you're looking for Inductors are really just coils of wires often wrapped around a ferrite core and they have very interesting electromagnetic Properties they come in surface mount as well Diodes come in a lot of different shapes, too But most people will be familiar with our light emitting diodes also known as LEDs and that's great way to add lights to your project Transistors are normally like three pinned black packages sometimes four pins if they need to dissipate a lot of heat And integrated circuits are Normally rectangular packages with pins coming out So now that PCB let's say our PCB has arrived and we want to go from the spare PCB to the assembled board The first step is to make sure your PCB stays in place You can use blue tack for most jobs The the only problem with blue tack is that when you heat up the board as the board gets alright kind of melts away But it does the job and I use it a lot actually you might opt for something a bit better like this kind of Third-hand crack and tool that will hold everything in place and obviously there's even more professional tools if you if you're inclined to spend more money on your tools So through a whole soldering or Any kind of soldering really that the crux of it is that You want to get heat into the into the the two bits of metal that you want to join so You you put your soldering iron onto the pin and the the pad that's on the PCB and then you add solder to both of those You you what you want is a soldering on the station not a soldering gun those are normally for Plumbing or other kinds of metal work. I would stay away from these Really cheap kind of stands where you just lean your soldering iron on there because you probably burn yourself on the hole You're probably gonna burn yourself, but these this meet these make it even more likely Chisel the chisel tip is the most versatile versatile tip really because As I said for soldering that it's all about trying to get heat into the into the bits that you want to solder so The the the kind of the bigger area on the chisel tip Makes that easier Point of tip does have its place for really kind of fine bits But really I would recommend you start off with a chisel tip and use it until you run into problems with it So you heat the pad you add the solder you continue heating for a few seconds and you let it cool down And as you practice this more and more you'll be able to see When When it doesn't look so good you will be able to see from the side You can have you know too much solder or not enough or a cold joint where it where it's just attached to one the pin really rather than the the pad or you've just Burnt it at it to had it held it on there too long and it's burnt it Or you have shorts in your circuit where things are being bridged I Think one of the tips when I was starting out that helped me the most was just to try and relax and again getting a really comfortable position and Do your soldering that way and makes it a lot easier to hold your hand steady Just try and take all the weight of your body and just just That helps a lot So I would also say don't be afraid of surface mounts ordering you can easily do surface mounts ordering by hand you can Missing a slide, but okay You you can do it on protoboard or you can Bigger pitched components like this when one in the animation there you can easily do that by hand. It's all about the size really And For me like once it gets below 0603 Imperial I I Move away from using an iron And use a different process and if you have packages like this chip here, which has It has no leads really it's called a quad flat no leads So then you might you probably don't want to use a soldering iron for that and the alternative is to use solder paste and You Use a step you you can hand apply solder place or you can use a stencil Which you can get from a lot of the PCB batching services as well And you apply the solder paste and then you place your components and you can probably Still do this behind unless you're doing a lot a lot of a lot of boards and then you can use something like a hacked toaster oven to heat the whole thing up and Hopefully everything will sort itself out The the the soda when you see the in the animation there the soda has a lot of surface tension So it will like if your placement isn't totally correct It will you know, it will kind of pull it into the right place often I had a slide in here about The kinds of solder which I'm missing. So I think I use the last version of my a Talk I know hold on Well, I'm gonna run out of time if I do this stuffing around but There were a few projects that I wanted to show Just to kind of inspire you to try and get started Let me try this Well, I think I've run out of time And I miss I won't be able to show you those slides and this has gone out of sync. Oh Disaster the end Hmm. Yeah Well, I just wanted to say you can learn more at your local hack space. There's a there's a lot of them around they'll probably have a modified toaster oven and Yeah, that's all If you like hardware Check out kitspace.org. There's a lot of projects. I actually I wanted to show you some cool projects And you just check that out and maybe try and make some of those I've got a kind of curated list of resources as well. If you're trying to get into electronics There's the open cat a cat in open hardware dev room So if you if you're into electronics go come to that in 15 minutes really start and I'll be giving another talk about using Programming languages to do electronic designs and there's some new cool CAD tools coming out That's all. Okay. Thank you very much Are there any people that have?


Okay, who's ready for cloud native project updates part two? We have so many amazing updates We're excited to present this part two. So let's get ready That's right without further ado. Let's dive into the achievements made by our by our incubating projects Cncf projects are like our cloud native cars There's something for everyone and they help get you to where you need to be So let's learn how they're building for the road ahead with these project updates All right. You ready? Let's do this if you've seen this before it will take a while, but we can handle this Let's start with kubvert. So kubvert is a virtual machine management add-on for kubernetes It offers virtualization solutions on top of kubernetes the recent initiatives from the project include the alignment with kubernetes releases for improved operations The introduction of instance type and preference custom resources for a human friendly way of defining virtual machine resources And seamless integration with service meshes with pasts A new user mode network binding that can connect VMs to pod networks Moving from a monthly release cycle to an alignment with kubernetes release has simplified this upgrade path Which was a common remark from end users while also simplifying planning and communication The version 0.57 focus on continuing stabilization integration with the with the brothery cloud native ecosystem While making steady traction on initiatives for the future It adds usb support VM VM snapshots as an export resource and improved virtual ctl support with windows consoles Expanding functionality for day-to-day operations kubvert has also improved virtual ctl to support connections proxied by rencher And added trillium volt as their first integrated backup and recovery provider A friendly reminder from the project to be kind with criticisms patient with the reviewers And always run your local tests Now we have flux fluxes provides github's for both applications and infrastructure With a set of continuous and progressive delivery solutions for kubernetes that are open Extensible and secure and scalable Recent highlights from the project include the advanced support for oci and cosine bringing greater security and scalability to github's Improvements in the controller and security including fuzzing and docs for best practices as well as api Consolidation putting it near to ga The terraform controller is something that got the users excited as one of flux tools that help help strengthen the ecosystem Users have shown excitement as well about the support of oci in flux With the manifests alongside app image layers the ecosystem continues growing with terraform integration as well As vs code and using flux with open shift version 0.32 Brings greater security for enterprise users oci support across all types all source types And this is helm customized plain yaml terraform q etc The helm support retains release info supports dynamic functions and hooks The flux project asks everyone to go ahead and try the terraform controller the vs code extensions and ui Which is fully supported by the project Next up we have k native. So k native was recently included in incubation earlier this year It's a project that adds components for deploying running and managing serverless cloud native applications to kubernetes Focusing on improved productivity and operational cost reduction with k native k native 1.8 Functions is now generally available and the same happens for rabbit and q apis for broker and source K native is also moving from a six week release cycle to quarter releases On the adopter side the project's downstream vendors os s and end users will have a better update experience with these fewer releases per year The rabbit and q apis provide a high performance out of order Message delivery alternative to kafka for those who need it The project recommends checking the blog post called enterprise grade serverless on your own terms With c-suit stakeholders to understand the value of using k native in kubernetes it projects Finally, the project is asking also for feedback and contributions to reduce friction and improve the event operating model Key initiatives include the focus on s bombs self-compliance image and binary signing They would love to hear more from both developers and companies All right emissary ingratz is an open source kubernetes native api gateway layer seven load balancer and kubernetes ingratz built on omboy proxy Recent initiatives of the project include adding support for http3 to downstream clients increased stability and performance and the project is now built on the latest version of omboy proxy Http3 is the latest version of the protocol that powers the internet So organizations aiming to adopt http3 protocol can do so with emissary ingratz and version 3.0 It provides improved performance and increased stability Particularly on lossy networks and use cases such as edge and internet of things Version 3.0 also provides an upgrade to omboy proxy 122 addressing cvs and older versions of the project And expanding on performance improvements The project would love to see users experiment with http3 and welcome feedback from the community Backstage is a framework for building developer portals. It restores order to your microservices and infrastructure without compromising autonomy The project has a lot of initiatives to report the core framework saw 1.0 release a third party security audit sponsored by ostif resulted in 12 main findings And with eight fixed in 1.5.0 and four being assessed in the newly introduced threat model They've established new communication channels with the software catalog sig with more in development And finally the growth of the plug-in ecosystem has over 70 in the pipeline today Users have been giving very good feedback from the 1.0 release and the improved security posture through the threat model documentation And the project has grown in maturity due to a huge spike in public adopters starting at just 80 at the beginning of this year and well over 200 today The 1.0 release with a huge milestone for the project with the current 1.6 version the project set on a solid release cadence With callouts to security fixes new plugins and back end services for improved scalability and maintenance The project asked you all to join the community check the existing plug-in ecosystem And we'd love to see more plug-in contributions, particularly from maintainers of other cncf projects Cilium is a networking observability and security solution built on abpf As a cni it provides a simple flat l3 network layer that can span multiple clusters Ingress and egress gateways service mesh visibility and monitoring among many other features of the project Project initiatives include the side car list cilium service mesh and their 1.12 release, which is all the buzz An ongoing third party security and fuzzing audit and the project is thrilled to announce Microsoft aks cno is now powered by cilium Ciliums continued focus on security will strengthen the defenses of infrastructures adopting cilium and is a required preparation for graduation The side car list cilium service mesh is less complex and has high throughput lower latency and reduced resource consumption The cilium project also has an lfx mentee to improve its software supply chain security The project encourages folks to stop by their booth for demos to learn more about the project and to fill out the cilium user survey Nats is a connective fabric to exchange data between digital endpoints from microservices to modern cloud native applications and kubernetes It's cloud agnostic and can be deployed anywhere to bridge kubernetes bare metal vms and low resource hardware The top initiatives from the project include improving memory usage for kubernetes Ultra high-scale ability and mobility features and runtime placement and migration of stream key value store and objects This moves data closer to applications and ensures business continuity during upgrades with the ability to directly access Data with a lightweight api nats can support millions of consumers of persisted streams kv and object stores This is useful for internet of things mobile and any type of application at scale The 2.9 releases a milestone with improved performance under kubernetes greater scale mobility and improved stability towards operation at massive scale With zero down time the project is asking folks to try installing via help charts and would love your feedback Cloud events defines common event metadata and how to expose it in various formats and transports It enables the quick processing of events without the need to understand the schema and semantics Recent project initiatives include a draft specification It standardizes the component lifecycle of eventing such as service discovery subscription management and event delivery To new cloud events supported formats like xml CBR and translation of cloud event specifications to chinese and hebru Release 1.0.2 has seen steady adoption growth with an increase in end user participation in the working group and request for new features Falco is a runtime security project enabling threat detection at scale It observes the application and container behavior extending threat detection with plugins Recent project initiatives include a new ebbf probe with core and btf support Support for arm and g visor with falco being able to monitor g visor sandboxes And new plugins to detect security threats in github and octa activity g visor has adopted falco as a complementary solution for threat detection in their security project The real world impact from end users have benefited from this collaboration to simultaneously use the enhanced Isolation in g visor and the threat detection audits in falco improve container security Version 0.33 brings support for inspecting multiple data sources simultaneously Improved kernel compatibility stabilize support for arm architecture and falco control a new first-class tool to keep rules and plugins up to date Falco is looking into increasing diversity and participation In the community and is actively seeking new c c++ and go developers and also non-code contributors Cryo is an oci compliant implementation of the kubernetes container runtime interface strictly built for kubernetes Cryo is reimagining pieces of its stack to be better compatible with edge use cases with recent initiatives including progress on a Rewrite of its container monitor in rust Bringing better accounting of pod level resources and a reduction of virtual memory for pods with many containers It is also added support for alpha caps such as username spaces checkpoint and restore and release artifact verification with s bombs and six store Release 1.25.0 was done soon after kubernetes 1.25 And as always has been tested in lockstep with kubernetes release and follows the features added to it Cryo is eager for new contributors of any variety and you can reach out on the cryo slack channel Open telemetry provides high quality ubiquitous and portable telemetry to enable effective observability After metrics become stable after metrics became stable in may they've become generally available for java javascript python and net The project is now focusing on completing and releasing logs as a new signal type with support for existing file based logs And eventually a new strongly typed binary format New work streams launch for client instrumentation capturing poor client performance and things like high latency A new cool demo has been created by the community which includes different infrastructures databases and services written in almost every language A great way to learn how to quickly gather critical signals signals from systems and and seeing advanced configurations In action go and check out the demo and as always it's also a great way to get started as a contributor We did it Well done everyone. I think we had made a lot of progress again from from valencian just six months. It's always good to see the updates


So let's trace the first terminal branch of the posterior cord, and that is this one here, which I have lifted up. This is axillary nerve. Axillary nerve goes naturally. It goes through the quadrangular space. And we can see that it is accompanied by these vascular structures here. This is the posterior circumflexed humeral artery and the posterior circumflexed humeral vein coming from the axillary artery. So this axillary nerve points around the surgical neck of the humerus. It goes through the quadrangular space. So what is the boundary of the quadrangular space? Inferiorly, it is bounded by the T.D.'s minor, the head of the humerus, and it's bounded by the subscapularis. Inferiorly, it is bounded by the T.D.'s major. Laterally, it is bounded by the surgical neck of humerus. And medially, it is bounded by the long head of the triceps. Quadrangular space is the one which gives passage to this axillary nerve, the posterior circumflexed humeral artery, and the posterior circumflexed humeral vein, and we can see that here. Here, the axillary nerve can be injured in two different ways. If there is a fracture of the surgical neck of humerus, then the axillary nerve can be injured. And if there is an inferior dislocation of the shoulder joint, then also the axillary nerve can be injured. This is an x-ray of the right shoulder to fracture the surgical neck of humerus in a patient. Injured to the axillary nerve will produce the maximum disability in terms of paralysis of the deltoid muscle. The deltoid is supplied from the inner aspect by the axillary nerve here. We can see that here. And that will lead to inability to abduct the shoulder above 15 degrees. It will also lead to paralysis of the T.D.'s minor, but that is not of much clinical significance. And additionally, there will be a loss of sensation in the upper lateral aspect of the arm, because the axillary nerve also supplies the arm. So that is about the axillary nerve which is arising from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, the first terminal branch, and we can see that here. Now we are going to demonstrate the radial nerve which is the second larger terminal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus in the same cadabra. This is the radial nerve. This is the largest branch of the posterior cord, and it goes behind, and we can see it is disappearing again somewhere here. This is the radial nerve, and we can see it is accompanied by these vascular structures. These are the profunda brachiae artery in the profunda brachiae vein, which come from respectively from the brachial artery and the venae comitantes of the brachial vein. Actually, we can see them from behind more clearly, and that region is referred to as the triangular interval. They do not pass through the triangular interval, but they pass in relation to the triangular interval. That's why it is called interval. This triangular interval is bounded superiorly by the T.D.'s major, laterally by the lateral head of the triceps, and it's bounded medially by the long head of the triceps. After that, it goes behind the humerus in a groove called the spiral groove or the radial groove. The spiral groove or the radial groove is the groove between the lateral head and the medial head of the triceps, and the triceps is located where my finger is pointing here. Before it enters the radial groove, it gives a branch, and we can see that branch here. It gives a branch to the long head, and it gives a branch to the medial head of the triceps. And in the radial groove, it gives a branch to the lateral head of the triceps. Here also the radial nerve can be endured the fracture the shaft of the humerus and in such a case The long and the medial head will be spared because they the branches already come off But the lateral head will be paralyzed But that will not produce any significant disability in terms of extension of the elbow because the lateral head is used only for powerful Extension the workhorse extensor of the elbow is the medial head, which will be spared now We have come in the cubital fossil And we can see this is the radial nerve which I picked up here.  This is the brachioradialis So therefore this is the lateral most content of the cubital Fossa and this is the cubital fossil the other contents of the cubital Fossa are the medial nerve the brachial artery Tendon of the biceps and the lateral most is the radial nerve the radial nerve here is likely to be injured in Dislocation of the proximal radial nerve joint, which is not very uncommon in children Especially if we try to lift them up by holding the hand It can also be injured in adults when there is a Montegy a fracture where there is Unlar fracture and proximal radial nerve joint dislocation This is an x-ray to show Montegy a fracture dislocation This is another x-ray of Montegy a fracture dislocation fracture of the upper end of the Allah and proximal radial nerve joint dislocation So that is when the radial nerve can be injured here if the radial nerve is injured here Then it will lead to wrist drop. Let us see how the radial nerve is distributed here in front of the lateral epicondyle Undercover of the brachioradialis the radial nerve divides into a superficial division and a deep division Let's take a look at the superficial division. This is the superficial division. I've lifted it up here This is a cutaneous branch of the radial nerve and you can see this runs undercover of the brachioradialis here And it goes all the way undercover of the brachioradialis. It does not supply any structure And the other part of the superficial branch we can see it here It comes out from undercover and it runs on the surface of the anatomical snuff box on the roof of the anatomical snuff box And then it supplies the skin on the major part of the dorsum of the head So this is the cutaneous distribution of the superficial branch of the radial nerve Now let's take a look at the deep branch. The rest of the radial nerve is the deep branch Immediately we can see it is giving some branches to the muscles on the extensor aspect It supplies the extensor carpyradialis longus extensor carpyradialis brevis and extensor carpyrallaris And thereafter it pierces through the supinator muscle which forms the floor of the cubital fossa And thereafter it becomes known as posterior interosseous nerve And as the posterior interosseous nerve the radial nerve supplies all the muscles on the extensor aspect of the arm Injury to the radial nerve will produce a very serious disability and that is called wrist drop As shown by my hand here. Person will be unable to dorsiflexus wrist And it is such a serious disability that there are many instruments which have been created One of them being the nest instrument which is used to stimulate the extensor muscles in order to produce wrist elevation This is a picture of the functional electrical stimulation which is used to stimulate paralyzed hand muscles And it is showing the stimulation of the extensor muscle of the hand So this is the full course in distribution of the radial nerve with its clinical significance Thank you very much for watching Dr. Sanjay Sanyal. Sunny out. Please like and subscribe If you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below. Have a nice day


Amen. So we've taken a break for a few weeks from the Good Habit series. We're going to be back in it this evening. And this evening we're talking about the Good Habit, the subject of prayer. We're going to talk about prayer this evening. So of course we're talking about Good Habit. It's the last sermon. We're talking about spiritual habits, church attendance we talked about. We're going to talk about prayer this evening. You know, I don't think, turn to James chapter 4. Keep your place in Nehemiah chapter 1. We're going to be going to Nehemiah chapter 1 for the most of the sermon. But let's talk about prayer this evening. Now I don't think, just an introduction, I don't think, and I'm just going to make this assumption of everybody in this room. I don't think we pray enough in our lives. That's my thought. That's what I think because it's something that constantly has to be, you know, on the front of our mind. We constantly have to be making time for. You know, we're busy in our lives. But look at James chapter 4 and verse number 2.  What does it mean to follow the Bible to actually work out your religion? That's what James is talking about. In James chapter 4, verse number 2, James is talking to us about what our problem is about why we don't have things, why, you know, why things aren't going right for us. And look at verse number 2 where he says, you lost and you have and have not. You kill and desire to have and cannot obtain. You fight in war, yet you have not because you ask not. You ask and receive not because you ask amiss that you may consume it upon your lust. So the Bible here is telling us in James chapter 4, basically there's two reasons why we don't have what we want. And the first one is that we don't ask. We don't ask for things. James is saying, look, we don't pray enough. We don't pray.  Why don't we? Why don't we pray more than we actually do? The second thing is look at verse number 3. The second reason why we don't have what we want or what we need is because we ask amiss, the Bible says. What does that mean? What does that mean we ask amiss? We ask for things that are not right. We ask for things that are inappropriate. That's what that means. We ask amiss. We ask for things that we should not be asking for is what the Bible is saying here. So first of all, we don't ask in the first place. And then when we do ask, we ask for the wrong things. You know, it's like, so this evening, let's look at prayer. Let's look at the model of prayer. First of all, because God lays out a model for us. He tells us actually, I mean, not only does God give us all the answers in the Bible, but he actually tells us, hey, when you need things, you need to ask for things, you need to ask for the right things. And then, oh, by the way, when you do ask, use this model to ask. Turn to Matthew chapter 6. Turn to Matthew chapter 6. So first of all, let's look at how to pray. Let's look at how to pray this evening. And then maybe we can start once we understand how to pray. Maybe we can understand and start to pray in our lives more than we do. So Jesus gives us a template on how to pray. I mean, it's nice. But in the first thing in Matthew chapter 6, verse 5, the template starts out this way. He first starts out, he's going to tell us, here's how you approach God. And you know, the Bible says in James 4, he's like, you're not asking and you're asking for the wrong things. And then Matthew chapter 6, Jesus himself is telling us, here's how you pray. But he starts off by saying, here's how you don't pray. Here's how to not do it. I mean, that's kind of nice. He tells us how to not do it. And then he's going to go in and tell us the details of how to do it the right way. Okay? Look at Matthew chapter 6 in verse number 5. He first tells us what not to do. He says, And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are. For they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corner of the streets, that they may be seen of men.  But thou, he's saying, but you, but thou when thou prayest, enter into thy closet. When thou shalt the door, pray to thy father which is in secret. And thy father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly. He's talking about, he's talking here about having a lone time with the Lord, about having a lone time with God. Verse 7. But when you pray, use not vain repetitions as the heathen do. For they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. Be not ye therefore alike unto them, for your father knoweth what things ye have need of, before ye ask him. So first of all, we learn a couple things here. The main thing that we learn, the first thing that we learn, I'm sorry, not the main thing, is that you shouldn't pray to be seen of men.  Who are the hypocrites Jesus is talking about? It's the religious leaders of the time, the Pharisees. But basically, he's talking about these people that would just stand out on the corners and just be praying and, you know, trying to be, look all spiritual. And look, prayer, God is saying, you need to be, if you want to ask me for things, go in a closet, go in secret, and have some alone time with your heavenly Father. That's what he's saying. Come to the Lord. Look, come to the Lord, because why were they going out, why were they going out in public and praying? Because they were just prideful, they were just filled with pride, they just wanted everyone to just look at them. Just look at me, how religious I am, how, you know, righteous I am on the outside. But look, you need to come to the Lord in humility, is what the Bible is saying. And you should have private prayer time. Okay? And the second thing is this, you know, don't use vain repetitions. What does that mean? Don't just, it means, don't just chant words over and over again. Don't just be chanting, you're like, who in the world would do that? I don't know, like a lot of people in the world today. You know, I mean, if he's saying, if you use vain repetitions, he's saying that the words lose their meaning. And he's like, God's not going to listen to you. He's not going to hear you just because you're speaking over and over again, because it's vain repetitions. Once again, it's vain. It's for yourself. God doesn't value this. God doesn't value the Hail Marys. God doesn't value the Our Fathers. God doesn't, I mean, Catholics today not only do this, like they're just one religion that does it. I mean, Islam does it, you know, Buddhism does it. I mean, all these different heathen religions, it says as they heathen do. This is a common heathen practice to just chant things over and over again. Look, Catholics not only do this, but they do it like for atonement for sin. I mean, it's crazy.  It's surprising. People should know better.  It's all vain. It means nothing.  If somebody that grew up in a Lutheran church, which is similar to Catholic, it's like diet Catholic. It's like Catholic light. Let me tell you something. The vain repetitions are torture. They are torture. I can still remember like divine service to like in my mind, just they just chant the things the same thing over and over and over again every single Sunday. It's it's absolutely insane. Psalm 51. Psalm 51, one of the most beautiful chapters in the Bible, talking about David like repenting and just turning his heart after his horrible sin, turning his heart back to God. Psalm 51 was like wrecked for me for my entire youth because we would we would chant it at the end of every service. And it would be creating me a clean heart. Oh, God. And renew a right spirit within me. And all I'm thinking is this is always at the end of the service. It means we're almost done. I'm just like cast me not away from thy presence and take not thy holy spirit from me. That's that's how it went. And I'm just like, this means church is almost over. But it's terrible. That's a great verse in the Bible. But we never got to verse 13, by the way, where David says, then I will teach transgressors thy ways. Where he's David says, he repents to the Lord. He says, you know, restore the joy of my salvation, create in me a clean heart. He's like, clean me from my sin. Bring the joy of my salvation back. And then I'll go convert people to you. I mean, it's one of the most beautiful things. But vain repetitions can ruin it. They can ruin even a beautiful, you know, the beautiful word of God is wrecked. If people just turn it into these vain with vain for myself chantings. It's crazy. The our fathers, I mean, it's Matthew chapter six. We're ruining the words of Jesus by vainly repeating them. But of course, they didn't repeat verse 13 because you know, anyway, it seems like it took hours to get through service. Go back to Matthew chapter six. So we know not how not to pray. We don't know now how not to pray. But now Jesus tells us in Matthew chapter six, he says he tells us how we should pray. He tells us how we should pray. Look at Matthew six nine. And the Bible says after this manner, therefore pray ye our father which art in heaven, how would be thy name? Look, he says after this manner, he says in this pattern, in this way, he doesn't say repeat these exact words. As a matter of fact, it was just a couple of verses earlier where he said, don't do vain repetitions. But he's saying, Hey, here's the model for prayer is what I'm about to give you. So I want to step you through this model. I want to step you through this model for prayer in Matthew chapter six by Jesus. And then I want to look at Nehemiah's prayer and see if Nehemiah's prayer matches this model in this matter, in this in this manner, in this pattern, in this fashion. The first thing is this, our father, which art in heaven, the first step of this pattern is to approach God with respect. Our father, which art in heaven, how will it be thy name?  He's saying, God, you are holy. He's just giving the uttermost respect and title to the Lord. I mean, that's a little different than, you know, hey, God, you know, second, look at verse number 10. So approach God with respect. That's the first one. Second, look at verse number 10. The Bible says this. It says, thy kingdom come, thy will be done in earth as it is in heaven. Second, and this is super important, turn to Isaiah chapter 55. The second one, the first one is approach God with respect. You know, acknowledge that God is the God of the universe.  And verse number 10, the second thing that we see from this pattern is that we need to acknowledge that it is God's will and not ours that is sovereign. So we're coming to God and we're asking him for something, but we always need to acknowledge God's will. And why? Why do we need to acknowledge God's will? Because God's will is better than our will. That's why. Look at Isaiah 55. Look, this one is huge. And we understand, we need to understand that he understands better than us. Isaiah 55. Look at verse number 8. The Bible says, for my thoughts are not your thoughts. Neither are your ways my ways. Who's this guy? Say in this, sayeth the Lord. God is telling us that my thoughts are not your thoughts. My ways are not your ways. Sayeth the Lord, for as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are my ways higher than your ways. And my thoughts than your thoughts. God is telling us here is that, hey, you know, I'm not on the same level as you. You're not on the same level as me. God is telling us that his ways are better than ours. His thoughts are better than ours. That is why we need to always acknowledge God's will whenever we pray. Whenever we pray. Don't pray and just say, God give me this. Always bring God's will into it. Because God's will is higher than your will. Go back to Matthew chapter 6. Go back to Matthew chapter 6. And look at verse number 12. Look at verse number 12 of Matthew 6. Verse number 12 says, and forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors. So we're going to approach God with respect in our prayer. We're going to acknowledge that God's will is higher than our will. We're always going to bring God's will into our prayer. And the third one is this, every single prayer that you make to God, you should confess your sins. You say what? Confess your sins. We're not talking about, I mean, this is one of those good things, remember? This is one of those good things that it doesn't have anything to do with salvation, but you should confess your sins when you approach the Lord in prayer. You should, you should, I mean, look an important part, look folks, an important part of any relationship is apologizing for wrongdoing. Just think about a relationship between brothers and sisters or family members or friends or whatever.  Now, forgiveness, we understand in 1 Corinthians chapter 6 that forgiveness as us as individual Christians is to be a one-way street. It doesn't have to be a two-way street. If brother so-and-so has wronged me, I am to just forgive him. Look at 1 Corinthians chapter 6 in verse number 7. The Bible says, now therefore is utterly, now therefore there is utterly fault among you because you go to law with one another. These people, these were Christians suing each other. They were suing each other with the law. He says, why do you not, why do you not rather take wrong? Why do you not rather suffer yourselves to be defrauded? So, if someone has wronged me, if a brother in Christ has wronged me, it's, it's my command. It's just to suffer myself to be defrauded and to just forgive that. Whether or not they apologize to me, whether or not they come to me and want to make that right, I'm supposed to just forgive and I'm supposed to just have mercy.  It's to be a one-way street. It's to be a one-way street. But look, that doesn't mean that the relationship is going to be a whole trusting relationship again. There's not supposed to be, you know, resentment and things that, you know, you're holding in your heart against that person, but it doesn't mean that, you know, if you've borrowed $20 from me and I've just suffered myself to be defrauded, you know, 50 times that I need to borrow you $20 again. I mean, it's just, it's not going to fix the whole relationship unless both sides are, you know, fixed, even though you as an individual are supposed to forgive in that one-way direction. The point I'm trying to make is that if you want that relationship to be whole and you've done someone wrong on the other side of that equation, you need to apologize. You need to get right with that person. And that's where confessing your sins comes in because you need to get right with God. I mean, think about this.  What are the odds that it's going to be successful in that ask, no matter what that ask is? You must get that relationship right. You must, and look, we have wronged God. We wrong God every day. You say, oh, what am I going to confess my sins about?  You have sins to confess every day and you know it.  Get right with God. Confess your sins wholeheartedly. Ask God, and not only confess your sins, but ask God to create in you a clean heart. So, you know, you can get right with the Lord before you even ask for anything. And that brings us to Matthew chapter 6 verse 13. And I mean verse 11 as well, verse 11 says, give us this day our daily bread. Verse 13 says, and lead us not in the temptation, but deliver us from evil. So, number four in our model of how to pray is this, make a good ask. Ask for something good. Ask for something that is not amiss, as James would have said. And lead us not in the temptation, but deliver us from evil. For thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory. Forever and ever, amen. So, what is the ask here? The ask is, in Jesus' model, the ask is daily bread. I mean, that's a decent ask. God says he'll provide you with food and raiment. Lead us not in the temptation. Keep me from sin, oh Lord.  Oh Lord, deliver us from evil. Deliver us from harm. Keep us, I mean, keep us safe. That's another good one. Keep us safe so we can serve you. Look, these asks in the model of Matthew chapter six are in line with God's will. They're in line with God's will. So, you've got good, you've got good odds in this case. That's why Jesus is giving you this pattern. That's why Jesus is giving you this method. So, what, let's look at another example of this pattern turned to Nehemiah chapter one, the chapter we just read. Let's look at an example of this model in action. And you'll notice, I mean, the Lord's prayer, this model of the Lord's prayer as it's called in Matthew chapter six, is, it could be, I mean, the words are going to be completely different, no matter what the prayer is, but the model should be the same. That's what Jesus was saying in Matthew chapter six. So, let's look at, I shouldn't even say the Lord's prayer. Let's look at the Lord's model of a prayer. Let's look at a proper prayer. Let's look at Nehemiah chapter one. So, what's going on in Nehemiah chapter one? So, Nehemiah gets a report. Look at verse number three. And they said unto me, the remnant that are left of the captivity. So, who's Nehemiah? So, Nehemiah, of course, is, he's a man that he's now under the Persian empire. We had the Babylonian empire that took Judah into captivity. They've been in captivity for, you know, over 70 years. And they went back to build the temple. Zerubbabel went back to build the temple. Of course, the chapter or the book before this was Ezra. The priest went back to rule over the temple. So, we have Zerubbabel and Ezra back there for the temple. And Nehemiah is still, you know, in the, he's not back there. And he's asking for a report of how things are going. And they said unto me, verse three, the remnant that are left of the captivity, there in the province are in great affliction and reproach. That means they're, they're just, they're having, they're in a very bad way and reproach. The wall of Jerusalem also is broken down and the gates thereof are burned with fire. And it came to pass when I heard these words that I sat down and wept and mourned certain days and fasted and prayed before the God of heaven. And then his prayer begins. Now, I mean, he certainly has been praying for days. This is an example of the prayer that he's been, he's been giving the Lord. But look, this is an example of what Nehemiah is asking God for. This is an example of how Nehemiah is praying to the Lord. Let's read it, verse five. And said, I beseech thee, O Lord. That means I humbly come to thee, O Lord God of heaven, the great and terrible God, that keepeth covenant and mercy for them that love him and observe his commandments. Let thine ear now be attentive, and thine eyes open, that thou may hast hear the prayer of thy servant, which I pray before thee now. Day and night for the children of Israel thy servants, and confess the sins of the children of Israel, which we have sinned against thee. Both I and my father's house have sinned. Are you seeing the pattern? We have dealt very corruptly against thee, and have not kept the commandments, nor the statutes, nor the judgments, which thou commandest thy servant, Moses. Remember, I beseech thee, the word that thou commandest thy servant, Moses, saying, if ye transgress, I will scatter you abroad among the nations. But if ye turn unto me, and keep my commandments, and do them, though there were of you cast out into the uttermost part of heaven, yet will I gather them from hence, and will bring them unto the place that I have chosen to set my name there. Now these are the servants and thy people, whom thou hast redeemed by the great power, and by thy strong hand. O Lord, I beseech thee, let now thy ear be attentive to the prayer of thy servant, and to the prayer of thy servants, who desire to fear thy name, and prosper I pray thee, thy servant this day, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man, for I was the king's cupbearer. So first of all, look at verse number five. Nehemiah approaches God with great respect. In verse number five, he says, O Lord God of heaven, he says, the great and terrible God, meaning the great and powerful God who is able to bring judgment on people that keepeth the covenant and mercy. He's saying, O Lord God of heaven, you're sovereign over everything. He said, you keep the covenant of mercy for them that love him and observe his commandments. He's like, I know that you're still the God of mercy even though we've been under judgment. Nehemiah, look, he gives a great title to the Lord here. He gives a great introduction in addressing the Lord. He doesn't say, hey, God, you know how you address somebody at first, by the way, can just define the entire direction of a conversation?  Do you go, what? Do you go, you go, ah? Do you grunt? I have taught my kids since the time they were this tall that when I say your name, that means get over here right now and say, yes, sir. Now, do they do this every time? No, but they get corrected. Look, I don't answer, this doesn't work. Yeah, no. Not my house. Kids, address your parents with respect. Address your parents with respect. Don't grunt at your parents. It's going to get you nowhere with your parents. I mean, talk about, you know, brother so-and-so at church. Don't walk kids, don't walk up to adults and say, hey, Bob, you know, don't interrupt adults in conversations. Kids, address the adults as brother so-and-so, as Ms. Heidi, Ms. Viviana, Ms. Crissol. I mean, have some respect in the way that you talk to even the adults in church.   Like all the kids were like super respectful, but it was kind of a culture there. It's a good culture. It's a good culture. We need to have that same culture here, but it's super important with God. It works the same way with God. Approach God with respect. And Nehemiah did that. Second of all, look at verse six and seven. Look at verse six and seven. Nehemiah says this. Nehemiah says this. He says, Let thine ear now be attentive, and thine eyes open, that thou mayest hear the prayer of thy servant, which I pray before thee now day and night, for the children of Israel thy servants, and confess the sins of the children of Israel. He confesses the sins of an entire nation in his prayer, which we, and he doesn't say, let me, let me confess the sins of these people, these wicked people that I've been, you know, over. I don't know why they do these things. No, he lumps himself in. He says we. He says we have sinned against thee, both I and my father's house have sinned. And he blames him and himself and his family and the entire nation. He gets everybody specifically. And then in verse seven again, he says it. We have dealt very corruptly against thee.  It's kind of like a Freudian slip that they keep making because all they care about is themselves.  I'm going to give you more money. I'll give you more money. That's basically what politicians say today, right? But anyway, he's Nehemiah saying the opposite here. He's saying we have done wrong. He's saying we have done wrong. We have dealt very corruptly against thee and have not kept the commandments nor the statutes nor the judgments which thou command its thy servant Moses. So he does a good job of completely confessing to the Lord. And don't make your confession, you know, something like, don't make, look, don't make your confession in your prayer of vain repetition.  No, get specific. Think about what you've actually done against the Lord. Let your conscience convict you and then confess those things to the Lord. You're like, that's going to take a long time. Well, take the time. Take the time.  I mean, give me a break. Think about it. You've broken the law. You spent all day. You spent all week breaking the law. Just going against God, you knew you were breaking the law. He gave you a conscience. You're in church. You know what your conscience says and you're violating it. Just spend five minutes and confess it in detail. Verse number nine, what's the next thing that Nehemiah does? Verse number nine, he remembers God's will. He remembers God's will. But if he returned to me and keep my commandments, he's reminding God of his will for his people. He's reminding God. And God said, if you turn unto me and keep my commandments and do them, though there you were cast out into the uttermost part of heaven, yet will I gather thee from hence and bring them under the place that I have chosen to set my name there. Verse number eight, verse number eight, what's he talking about here? What's he talking about? What is he reminding? Did God just tell him that yesterday? Did God just tell Nehemiah this yesterday that if you get right with me, that I'll gather you up? Because God, what he's saying here is he's reminding God that God said that if you turn back to me, that I'll gather you again.  No, God told, look at verse eight, God told this to Moses. He's reminding God of what he told Moses. He's reminding God of God's will for his people. And look, God's will doesn't change. That's the beauty of the Bible. That's the beauty of God's word. God said it in the Old Testament. He still means it. He doesn't change. I am the Lord. I change not. So he's reminding God of God's own very will for this people is what he's doing. And then look at verse number nine through verse number 11. What's the last thing that Nehemiah does? Verse number 10, we just read verse number nine. He says, Now these are thy servants and thy people, who now has redeemed by thy great power and by thy strong hand. O Lord, I beseech thee, let now thine ear be attentive to the prayer of thy servant and to the prayer of thy servants who desire to fear thy name. So he's back to the first one, back to the last one, reminding God of his will. Hey, he's like these servants now we desire now to fear your name. He's like we're there and prosper. I pray thee thy servant this day. Look, he's asking to prosper after they have fulfilled the prerequisite that God had told Moses. That's what he's asking for, to fear him. And he's asking for mercy here and not for himself. He's asking for the people who turn back to the Lord. And what ultimately is he asking for? Look what he's asking for and in the sight and grant him mercy in the sight of this man. Well, what's that all about? He's asking God. He's about to go ask somebody something, Nehemiah. Nehemiah is about to go ask somebody something specific. And you know what? I mean, this is beautiful because Nehemiah is asking. He doesn't even ask for God. He doesn't even go to God and say, you know what, God, give me this. Give me, let me go back and build the walls. Nehemiah says, just grant me mercy in the sight of this man, the king, who I'm going to go talk to. And in chapter two, he goes and he talks to the king. And I mean, that's exactly what God does. I mean, we're not going to get into the whole story, but the king's basically just like, whatever you want.  God granted him this mercy. So Nehemiah's prayer was answered. He made a good ask. He asked for mercy in the sight of the king. And before he did that, he confessed all the sins. He approached God with respect. He confessed all the sins of the entire nation, including himself in those sins. And then he kept, he reminded God of his will for his people. And then he makes a good ask. He makes a good ask. I mean, what are bad asks? Think about that.  God, can you make me rich? You know, those are, these are bad asks. Just worldly things that we think in our lower ways are good. And that is what we need. That God knows in his higher ways are, will actually hurt us. Those are bad asks. Those are bad asks. So the first thing we see the model in Matthew chapter six, we see the model put into play in Nehemiah chapter one. So what are your habits here? Have you thought about that?  Oops, done. You know, you can't have a model. Look, you can't follow a model for a prayer and make a right prayer if you never pray. You can't do it the right way.  So first of all, do you pray? That's why it's part of the habit series, because it needs to be a habit in your life. Because guess what? You're like, I don't know why things aren't going right. I don't know why things this and I don't know why this. Well, you ask not because you know, you have not because you ask not. And then, and then, you know, you ask a miss. That's the first thing. You need to pray. You need to make some time to pray.  And then, you know, you just follow on getting positive responses. Look, I want to be efficient. I want to get positive responses from God. I don't know about you, but we just follow this model both in Matthew 6 and in Nehemiah. There's a prerequisite. And the prerequisite, I'll read it for you again in Nehemiah chapter 1 verse 9. It says, but if you turn to me and keep my commandments and do them, that's a prerequisite. That's a prerequisite for prayer. You need to be right with God. You need to be right with God. Don't expect to just be living this life against God, to just be disregarding, you know, God's law and just, and then pray and just have God just grant you mercy. I mean, what in the world? It doesn't work that way. Look, here's the thing. Your works matter here. Your works matter here. Works, look, works are good things. They have nothing to do with salvation. Works, works for the soul winner can tend to get a, you know, a bad name. But here's the thing. Works aren't going to get you to heaven.  We know that has nothing to do with salvation. But look, your works matter here. James chapter 2 talks about how your works profit others. And look, your works matter as far as getting your prayers answered. They'll be considered when you pray your works. Yeah, I mean, it's the fool that uses eternal security to just for a past to sin.  I mean, that's all that is.   And you know what? Unanswered prayers ahead for you. So remember to pray. You have not because you ask not. Remember how to pray.  Approach God with respect. Consider God's will. How do you know God's will? How do you know God's will? This is kind of a double-edged sword here because the thing is, if you consider God's will, how do you know God's will? Well, you read God's will. How do you know God's will? You read the Bible. And if you know the Bible, here's the thing. So if you consider God's will, you're going to have more successful prayers. But if you, you can't consider God's will unless you know God's will. And if you read the Bible, you're going to make better prayers. You're going to ask for things that are not amiss. So the more you know God's will, the more you're going to ask for God's will. And it's just going to keep snowballing upon itself. And pretty soon you're going to have some decent prayers. And then finally, make a good ask.  I mean, he's just not going to do that. I mean, especially, look, especially, I mean, just consider maybe you know God's will so well and you're really in the Bible and you're right with God. And then you ask for something dumb. I'm glad that God would not give it to me then. Because God wants to protect you, even from yourself.  So if, if, look, and here's another thing, if all you find yourself asking for is money, cars and houses, I mean, you know, you probably don't know God's will very well. You're probably not as mature as a Christian as you think you are. You know, so look, just follow the biblical pattern for prayer. Cut some time out of your day. This is a pretty simple, pretty simple lesson. But I mean, I mean, finding time to pray is something that not a lot of people do. And I'm talking about a lone time with God. I'm talking about a lone time with the Lord.  And you need to have that. And you need to have a lone time with God, like you need to be praying for, you need to be praying for, you know, I don't know, like if I was a dad, what would I pray for? I don't know. Ah, who, oh yeah, my kids. Maybe you should pray, find some alone time with God and pray for your children. And pray for your children to grow up godly and not fall into sin and just help you be the right parent that you need to be. I mean, these are all pretty good things. I think, I think these are good. I think these are in line with God's will. I mean, we pray, my wife and I just hang on, we pray for you. We pray for you. We were just talking about how we need to do it more. Not because you're messed up or anything, but it's just something that we always are just reminding ourselves to do more and more. As being in charge of this ministry, if I'm not praying for you, look, I'm not doing my job. I need to be praying for you. I need to be advocating for you. I mean, what was Nehemiah doing for the nation? He was advocating for the nation. What was Moses constantly doing? I mean, Moses was the greatest advocate in the Bible. Whenever God wanted to wipe those people off the earth, how many times? And Moses is like, no, stop. It's like, don't do it. He's constantly advocating for the people. That's what a good leader does, is he advocates for the people. He prays for the people. That's what Nehemiah was doing. That's what a leader needs to be doing. That's what you need to be doing for your families. Dads and moms, you need to be putting aside time. You need to be praying for your children.   You need to be praying for everything in their life that God would protect them, grant them daily bread, grant them safety, keep them from temptation, all of these things that were in Jesus's model. You're leading your families. Moms, be praying for these kids. Dads, be praying for the families. Look, I'm telling you, folks, one thing that I've noticed, one thing that I've noticed just on closing with this ministry is I've noticed something that I didn't notice when I was sitting in the pews. And that's when we have prayer lists here. And when we pray for things, I'm noticing the answered prayers. And I'm embarrassed to say that I didn't really notice answered prayers as much as I should have. But we have prayer lists here and we go through that prayer list and these prayer lists, the vast majority of these prayers, they end up coming off the list and the vast majority of these prayers are answered. And we can't forget this. We can't forget this. I mean, we need to pray.  It'll change your life and it will change the future of your family. And guess what?  And it'll change their life. That's part of these habits. We're going to pass these habits down to our families. We want to pass this on. You know, I don't want to pass being a drunk onto my kids, but I want to pass being just to get on my knees and where's dad? He's just praying. What is dad doing for two hours in the morning? Well, he's studying the bible and praying. That's the kind of habits that you need to send down to the next generation. It'll change your life. It'll change your family for generations to come. Let's bow our heads and have a word of prayer.


Good morning. My name is Ian Christiansen and I am Director of Private Sector Programs for the Secure World Foundation. Secure World Foundation is a non-governmental organization based in the United States. Our mission is to promote cooperative solutions for space sustainability and its beneficial contributions to stability here on Earth. We are an independent organization and my remarks today do not represent an official position or policy of the United States or its government. Secure World Foundation is honored to be working with the Chinese Society of Astronautics and KALIS Foundation to organize today's 2021 Sino-US Commercial Space Workshop. Today's event is the third in an ongoing series of dialogues, which our three organizations have worked to co-organize since 2019. In the time of continuing challenge in the U.S.-Sino relationship, this dialogue continues to demonstrate that beneficial exchanges of perspectives can occur. In fact, the benefits of dialogue will be a theme of our presentation today. Each of the four U.S. presenters will reflect in some way upon the value of Sino-US space dialogue or upon the benefit of reducing information gaps in our understanding of space sector activities in both countries. The four U.S. presenters in today's workshop represent experience in government, commercial space companies, defense sector activities, and civil society. This broad range of experience will help to share important perspectives on developing future space activities in beneficial ways. I am particularly honored that my colleague Mr. Rob Bronsi, the director of KALIS Foundation, will today share with you some of the findings of a recent study that we have completed in cooperation between KALIS Foundation and Secure World Foundation. This study, based upon both interviews and review of literature, documents U.S. stakeholders' perceptions of commercial space activities in China and identifies where improved understanding can be developed. It is our intent that the topics in this research can be further discussed through continuing dialogue like today's workshop. We have already learned much since beginning these workshops in 2019. The ongoing dialogue series organized by the Chinese Society of Astronautics, KALIS Foundation, and Secure World Foundation demonstrates that as both the U.S. and Chinese space sectors continue to push forward in development of significant space capabilities and commercial opportunities, sharing of perspectives helps development, helps this development occur in a stable and beneficial way. We look forward to viewing the presentations of the Chinese experts presenting today and also to the opportunities for question and answer discussion. At Secure World Foundation, we are hopeful that gatherings like this can continue to offer dialogue in the interests of peaceful and sustainable uses of space. Our three organizations are committed to continuing this valuable exchange of perspectives and will continue to organize events in this dialogue series. I hope that you find your persuasion in this workshop useful and that the events and presentations are insightful and engaging. Thank you.


It's time for some advanced manufacturing made right here in New York City. Pollenfield, New York City. New York City for us right now unless it was, that's right, the Disney building. Across the street. Every day. That's our new view.