on to social oppression. It's, I think, much more deep. I think homosexuals need other homosexuals to reawaken their sexual identity, activate it and act on it, and so they consume each other in sexual encounters just to maintain a continuance or continuity of sexual identity, whereas heterosexuals don't need this. Now is this pathological? No. I'm not describing this as a pathology. I'm describing this as a failure in the process of othering, because when you other people effectively, when you are able to perceive other people as separate from you, distinct from you, not you, yes, this is the process of othering, when there's you and not you. In this case, you're not reliant on other people to be you.  Othering implies that other people are not you and can never ever be you.  When othering fails, for example in narcissism, you are critically dependent on other people in order to be you.  And yet, you're critically dependent on other people, but you cannot perceive them as separate, external and other. The continued failure of othering leads to repetition compulsion. You need to do it again and again and again and again, because you cannot other people, you cannot other other people, you cannot perceive other people as external and separate, you need to continue to interact with people all the time in the hope, perhaps, that one day you will be able to other them, which never happens. But is homosexuality really a disturbance in othering? Is it a disturbance in the emergence of sexual identity, integrated and differentiated? I think it is. But to be a lot more precise, I think there's no differentiation failure in homosexuality, because homosexuality, homosexuals know that they're homosexuals. That's differentiation for you. I think there's a failure of integration. Homosexuality is an immature, integrated sexual identity, which has been differentiated but not integrated. In the initial phase, when we are all pansexuals, we start by differentiating. Say, okay, we're all pansexuals. Now let's see. Actually, I think I'm heterosexual. So then, differentiation is a break in the system. Initially, the system includes homosexuality and heterosexuality. The system initially, up to age three or four years, the system initially is pansexual. Then differentiation sets in and breaks the system. Now you're heterosexual. But no one can survive with a broken system, psychological. So we have to reintegrate the parts.  If we choose, if we start off as pansexuals, and then we differentiate as heterosexuals, we now have a broken system. We are heterosexuals.  So then we need to build the hyper structure. We need to build a building, a structure, where the upper floors, the visible floors, the public facing floors, are heterosexual. And the basement is occupied by our abandoned homosexuality. And this process is integration. I think homosexuals differentiate as homosexuals, but then fail to integrate. Because integration is crucially dependent on othering. Integration is almost totally relational. Integration has to do with the ability to interact with other people in a way that informs you about, for example, society. Societal expectations, mores, conventions, sexual scripts, and so on. Socialization and acculturation are critical to integration. If you as a child fail to other, if you as a child were not allowed to perceive other people as not you, as separate from you. If you are not allowed to separate from money and to individuate, if you were not allowed to be in touch with reality, mother was overprotective, father was overprotective, then you as a child don't acquire the skills to regard other people as out there, separate, external, and you are then incapable of learning anything from them. The whole process of socialization and acculturation, these processes fail, they collapse.  He then differentiates, it becomes homosexual, or she becomes homosexual. But what to do with the abandoned heterosexuality, only the environment, the human environment, can tell you what to do with it. And if you are not capable of recognizing that there's anyone except you, that there's anyone out there, that there are entities that are not you, if you're incapable of this, you will never be able to integrate.  And so the only way for the homosexual to experience sexual identity is via others, by merging and fusing with others, even if for one night.  He can now integrate it, if only for a few minutes, over a few hours. He can integrate it via the gaze of the sexual partner. The homosexual perceives himself or herself through the gaze of the partner. And in this sense, it is a shared fantasy. The failure to integrate is biology, not psychology. In the case of pathological narcissism, the othering failure is the outcome of upbringing and so on, the same with homosexuality. But homosexuality itself is a reaction to othering failure, is a biological reaction. It's predisposition, it's predisposed to genetic, hormonal, and so on. It's not the case with narcissism.  I see a beautiful woman. I say, wow, she's not me. It's very attractive that she's not me. I'll go for it. I'm aroused. When doing this, I other the sexual object. I perceive the sexual object as not me, as other. So the othering of sexual object is modeled on an integrated and differentiated sexual identity, as I've explained. In the absence of such an identity, it is not possible to other sexual objects, as I've again explained. The homosexual merges, fuses, or internalizes and introjects his intimate partner, converts the sexual partner into a kind of internal object, plays with the intimate partner, as if it were some kind of an object inside. So when the formation of differentiated sexual identity is disrupted, there is one set of consequences. And when the formation of an integrated sexual identity is disrupted, the result is another. Let me focus on this. When the formation of a differentiated sexual identity is disrupted, when you're not allowed as a child to choose between homosexuality and heterosexuality. And for discussion's sake, we'll assume that these are the only two options in the pansexual menu. And they're not the others, but okay. If you're not allowed to choose from that menu, so your sexual identity does not become differentiated, it is disrupted at the phase of differentiation, the result is auto-erotism. You give up on all others. Your world becomes devoid of others.  It leads to an inability to other sex objects, to relate to them as external, separate, incapacity and incapacity to actualize intentional, directional emotions, affects, cognitions, and behaviors. A disruption in the differentiation phase does not lead to homosexuality, as psychoanalytic literature implies. It leads to permanent, fixated auto-erotism without any objects, masturbation, lifelong masturbation, or using objects in a way that deanimates them somehow, renders them non-functional, non-workable. That is a disruption in the differentiation phase. That's not homosexuality. Homosexuality is far more advanced than this. That's why I'm saying homosexuality is not strictly, not statistically building an investment, no way. Homosexuality does involve object choice.  The homosexual fails to integrate the rejected part of his pansexuality with the dominant emerging part of his pansexuality. He fails to integrate in short his chosen sexual identity, which is homosexuality, sexual orientation, which is homosexuality. He fails to integrate it with the rejected part, which is his heterosexuality.  So he needs other people to accomplish this, and he needs them in a frenetic pace. He needs them on a constant basis. He needs, in short, external regulation. But it's not the regulation of emotions, as is the case with borderline personality disorder. It's not the regulation of a sense of self-worth, which is the case with narcissists.  The feeling that you have a clear, differentiated, integrated sexual identity that you are at peace with, you are egosyntonic with, and defines you completely. To achieve this, to accomplish this, the homosexual requires sexual powers. That's not the case with heterosexual. It is, to some extent, the case with somatic narcissists. So, narcissism and homosexuality have so many superficial similarities that led great thinkers, Freud included, to mistake, to conflate that to mistakenly. They're not the same. Apropos autoerotism. When sexual identity is disrupted very early on, you're not homosexual, and you're not heterosexual.  You are auto-sexual. This is known as erotic target identity inversion in the literature. You're auto-sexual. So, in the pansexual menu, there's also auto-sexuality.  There are no others. Not as a homosexual, not as a heterosexual. That's why I'm saying homosexuality is a much more advanced state. Autosexuals are auto-erotic, but only a minority of auto-erotics are also auto-sexual. You could be auto-erotic and homosexual. You could be auto-erotic and heterosexual. Auto-erotism is not necessarily pathological if it doesn't take over, if it doesn't become the dominant activity or the dominant type. If it does, then you're auto-sexual. Auto-erotism finds expression not only via sex, but via different activities. So Freud and others suggested the same sex sex and same sex partnerships, homosexuality, is a form of auto-erotism because the partners share the same genitalia. And I think it's a problem with othering because the homosexual cannot other people, cannot regard people as other. He keeps choosing sexual partners which resemble him, himself, which look exactly like himself, because he needs to complete himself. He needs to somehow reach a point where his identity is integrated. So it's more a problem of othering than a problem of auto-erotism or narcissistic investment or whatever.  That is auto-erotic, but it's not necessarily also narcissistic. So we need to be very, very careful. I think that in the case of incest, narcissism is more dominant, way more dominant than in the case of homosexuality. Now gender dysphoria, transvestism, auto-gynephilia, autopedophilia and similar parapherias, they're all auto-erotic. So auto-erotism is a dominant feature of sexual life and if it persists into adulthood, sometimes leads to parapherias, to sexual deviances and so on. Now in everything I've just said, fantasy plays a major role. Remember this, as a general rule, the classic defense against othering failures is fantasy. When you fail to other yourself, when yourself fails to develop, you end up without an ego. Your internal structures are disrupted and care are taken disorganized. It's a failure of othering the self. It's a pathology. When you fail to other people, when you don't regard them as separate or external or not you, it's a pathology. Othering failures are pathologies, severe pathologies, possibly the most severe. I think psychosis is a major othering failure. The major other, the epitome and quintessence of othering failure and othering failure would be psychosis. So the defense against all these is fantasy. It's an attempt to compensate for these othering deficiencies by othering one's self or by othering internal objects.  In all these cases, there is an othering of the internal object. When you fail to other external objects, you compensate by othering internal objects, including yourself. The self is an external object.  Othering internal objects is a great definition of fantasy. The failure of normal othering, also known as incorporation. When you incorporate, you fail to other. It leads to a monopoly of behaviors. One of them is homosexuality. And in this sense, in my work, homosexuality is a fantasy defense.  Sexual identity is missing one element, one ingredient in order to become integrated.  So there is an incorporation here of the sexual object. And in this sense, it's a fantasy defense, a shared fantasy, exactly like narcissism. In narcissism, the narcissist incorporates the external object by converting her into an internal object in his mind and allowing him to reenact the early childhood conflicts with his mother to obtain separation individuation. In other words, the narcissist uses an intimate partner as the last remaining piece in his own becoming, in his own individuation.   And this is the addictive nature of homosexual relations in this sense. Fantasy is especially prevalent in latent homosexuality.  It's a defensive posture. It's submissive. It's regressive. There is a kind of attitude directed at more powerful males, which stand in possibly for the father animal. Latent homosexuality is a bit masochistic. Freud called it the feminine masochism. Latent homosexuality can, however, be regarded as a defense against paranoid anxiety and analogous to the intimidated, appeasing submissive attitudes adopted by animals when they are attacked by a member of their own species. So latent homosexuality is actually much more pathological than overt homosexuality, because it involves elements of masochism and sadism. But I would not go into it in this video. I hope you got the picture. The differences are subtle, but major, very important. I don't regard homosexuality as a form of narcissism, the way the vast majority of literature does. I regard homosexuality as a failure to perceive other people as separate and external, as distinguishable, failure of boundaries. I stop here, you start. Me, not me. A failure of this. And homosexual exactly like the narcissist consumes people frantically, addictively, consumes them in order to restore something in himself or herself.  While with the narcissist, the narcissist consumes people also having failed to other them, exactly like the homosexual. The narcissist consumes people, consumes people to kind of reach a situation of individuation, become an individual. So when you look at it from the outside, when you were just an observer, not aware of these psychodynamics and etiologies, they look the same.  They are unable to perceive people as others. They are very bad and they internalize people. And that is the kind of stereotypical view. But the reality is that they do so for different reasons. And this is why homosexuals are more capable than narcissists of long-term, truly loving and caring relationships. Because the partner can much more easily complete the homosexual's sexual, his partner's sexual identity. Sexual identity is more easily completed than a sense of self, a missing ego, an individual that has never been born, a black hole. Homosexuality is not apathology in this sense. It's just a form of external regulation. And as distinct from borderline personality disorder, it's not even all pervasive external regulation. So external regulation that pertains to a single element, all the rest may be totally perfect. In borderline, the regulation is total. Everything has to be regulated, the emotions, the moods, the affects, you name it, cognitions. So borderline is a pathological condition. In narcissism, the very existence of the narcissist depends on external input. So definitely it's apathology, not so in homosexuality. It's very limited to sexual identity.  Luckily, the homosexual's partner can cater to this psychological need. And the experience of an integrated sexual identity is acquisitive, is acquired. So there's also a lot of healing in long-term homosexual relationships. As should be the case in any relationship, homosexual or heterosexual, we need to heal each other, not as a task or an assignment, but just by being there.


Yes, you can cast out demons, but you can't cast you out of you. The flesh doesn't come and go. The flesh shrinks and grows depending upon the thoughts and decisions that you choose. This is why you must be attentive about keeping the flesh weak and the spirit strong. But I discipline my body and bring it into subjection lest, when I have preached to others, I myself should become disqualified, leave no opportunity for the flesh to gain influence and strength. Keep it weak.


Hi everyone this is Jason here from Nathaniel. In this lesson we are going to learn a lot of things about rhythm, about harmony, about intervals, some simple music theory concepts, so it's sort of like an all-round music lesson. I would recommend it not just for piano players, of course it's going to be taught on the piano but the inspiration actually came from the guitar and the bass and the instruments which can play what we call a spread chord. So instead of playing a triad like this, I'm interested to share with you in this lesson how people play triads like this which is more of a spread chord. So instead of playing like that 1, 3, 5, you take the middle note of the position of that inversion and just drive it up the octave. So where this can really help is when you want to play stuff really low on the piano. So you can go really low. Now if I were to play that same note back to where it was and play a B major chord, this is how B major sounds in the left hand. Sounds horrible right? So a great way to improve that would be to use spread shapes. Could also call them as open voiced chords where I prefer to just call them spread chords because the triad what we normally learn like this is bigger. So I'm going to introduce you to a really cool chord progression. Then we are going to see how we can play that with our two hands developing patterns using spread voicing. Then we are going to try and play that pattern using a lot of interval combos using different intervals and practicing our intervals and last but not least we're going to try and drive this project across different time signatures trying to play it across a 6, 8, 5, 8, 7 by 8 and let's see where that goes from there. Simple exercise lots to learn stick around till the end. There's a lot to do in this one because we are not just talking about some chord pattern or some melody or some independence exercise you could call it like a hybrid of all. Okay guys so before we get cracking get your keyboards out, get a pen, paper or whatever you like to write with and it'll be great if you give the video a like. Leave us a comment if you like the lesson and tell us what you think we should do next and yeah don't forget to subscribe if you haven't already that'll be awesome. There's a bell somewhere there hit that bell for regular notifications you don't miss a lesson from our music school right and for additional learning there's always Patreon there's our website with structured video courses and there's our music school which you can learn from virtually we have online programs or you can do our offline programs by coming here of course now it may be a bit tricky with the covid situation which is why for the most part a lot of the courses curriculum which our school does is online and that's how it's been going strong thus far. So let's now get cracking with the lesson I'm gonna first show you the chords B minor D major F sharp minor E major which scale is this all part of it's part of a three sharp scale so you could argue it's either F sharp minor or A major I'm just gonna think of it as A major since knowing the chords of a major scale comes to us a bit more naturally you could say so B minor that's chord number two D major that's chord number four major of the scale F sharp minor chord number six of the scale E major chord number five of the scale popularized by Daft Punk of course lot of their songs have this sort of progression very modern dance kind of chord progression right it doesn't sound very classical or rock like I think it's more dance pop kind of music so how am I playing these chords so let me first share that with you B minor is B D F sharp but I'm not playing it as B D F sharp like that I'm dividing it across my two hands playing B the fifth F sharp and then the higher D okay so instead of playing the D here I'm getting a more open sound root fifth higher octave third now you could also do this with one hand could use your pedal hold the pedal so that you don't choke this B keep the B lingering or keep the root lingering I would advise you to first do it with two hands and then do it with one hand so with two hands I'll tell you the pattern shortly but I hope you got the formation root fifth third upper third or we also call this as the tenth interval tenth meaning to tell us that it's eight nine ten eight being the octave so third above the octave okay first chord B minor played in tenths or spread voicing next chord is D major you just jump the whole equation down to D there we go so D A F sharp why again because F sharp should not be here we spread it out sounds great even lower B minor D major D major sounds really good everywhere even sounds good on the whole piano actually maybe chords were meant to be played this way so B minor D major F sharp minor what's F sharp minor F sharp A C sharp we add the A on the top end as to avoid that clutter remove the A bring it there and resolve it back to E major again the G sharp from here will sit itself there okay whole thing again B minor D major F sharp minor E major that's the progression so now that we've learned the chords B minor D major F sharp minor E major let's now put them into a nice pattern I want to start off with a nice three by four arpeggio sequence with both my hands here's how it sounds one two three one two three one two three one two three one two three one two three there we go okay how did I voice how did I play the pattern one and two and three and so I'm trying to keep my pinky down hold it down for the whole scenario one and two and three and one and two and three and one and two and three and and two and three and one and two not to be confused with six eight six eight will be one two three four five six six eight has two strong beats three by four has three strong beats 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1 and now, okay, now let's build it from there. So we have a 6-8 pattern. Before we build it actually, you may want to pause the video or do it later where you can try and work on dynamics. Dynamics means played with a lot of volume, swells, crescendos as we call it or you know, legatos, staccato, you know, so there are many ways of developing it. One is if I say crescendo, just volume swells, just that get louder over time. Another way to embellish with dynamics would be to imagine a drummer playing with you and target the snare drum and hit the snare drum a bit louder. Or, you know, that could be the drum groove, kick, kick, snare, kick, snare, snare, so wherever you imagine the snare drum would be where you're going to play this stuff a bit louder. So crescendo, following the drummer, the snare in particular, you can also do dynamics by just changing between legato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato, staccato. Legato coming up. Another thing I like to do is played in different registers. Like, see how each register feels. Maybe you want to play the lower one a little louder. Expand it. See, every register sounds different. That's what I meant by dynamics. So what are the four ways you can incorporate dynamics? May not be now while watching the video, but later on, as you keep practicing, focus on it being crescendo, volume up and down. Target the drum kit. See which aspects of the drums you'd like to embellish. The snare or the open hats could also help. Playing legato, staccato or that way playing in different regions of the piano. That also has a very, very different vibe. Now that we've got the 6-8 pattern with a lot of dynamic content, let's now drive it forward. So I'm going to drive it forward rhythmically as well as intervillically or harmonically, you could say. Let's start with the harmonic aspects. So it's very simple. 3 by 4 pattern, 1, 2, 3 and. So 1 and, 2 and, 3 and. At that end or the last beat of the 3 by 4 or the last sub-beat which is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The sixth beat or the end of the 3. You're not going to play the designated chord tone. You're going to play a new note. And the new note, you'll have to look at your top finger. In this case D for 5, 6. And now start deciding intervals with respect to the top note of each chord. So first I want to play the second degree. So what is D's second? E. And these are not just any seconds. They are diatonic seconds. So they're diatonic to the A major scale. You may want to check out the chart which we have prepared. Where we have written down pretty much all the intervals. The seconds, thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths and sevenths. It's all on Patreon. Second, 2, 3 and 1 and 2 and 3 and 1 and 2 and 3 and. Got it? Now we need to continue it with the other chords. And then the fun will really happen. 1 and 2 and 3 and 1 and 2 and 3 and and 2 and 3. So remember you don't want to do. That's not part of the A scale. That's like an accidental. So we go. That's a G sharp which is very much part of the A major scale. That's why check out the chart. It'll help you. Okay. That's another second degree. Another second from A, diatonic to A major. You'll get a B and you'll get an A cluster after G sharp. One more time the whole thing. This is with a second embellishment at the top. With respect to the top note of the chord. D, E, F sharp, G sharp, A, B. D, G sharp, A. What I also like to do if possible is stress on that note. Make it a little more longer. Sounds beautiful I think. Just making that note a little longer. Requires a little bit of finger juggling as I call it. Like that. You may have to do that. Or use the pedal. But the pedal squishes it up a bit. That's clean up. Don't worry about your fingers getting messed up or looking a bit unorthodox or ugly if you want to call it that. It's what matters here. So the ear has to enjoy it. So do whatever it takes. See if you can make that last note ring. And now that the second degrees are done, let's now move to the third degrees which is D to its F sharp. F sharp to its A. A to its C sharp. G sharp to its B. One more time. At the end. Slowly. Let's try fourths which sound very, very interesting. D's diatonic fourth is G sharp. So, now the fourth. I kind of like the fourths the most. Sounds a bit unpredictable. Now let's look at fifths. That's not part of the A scale. So, you'll then be choosing a diminished fifth instead of the perfect fifth. There'll be one diminished fifth in every major scale, right? Seventh to its diminished fifth.  Then we can try sixths. Again try to sustain it if you can. And then we end with sevenths which is the last interval. Very artistic. D, C sharp, F sharp, E, A. Very big jump, right? A to the G sharp, G sharp to the F sharp. That's your sevenths. So we've covered all the interval degrees. So it's a great tool to, I think, help you learn your intervals of a particular scale. In this case, A major scale. And consider practicing it on a few more scales over your weeks or days of practice. I'd like to leave you guys with one small thing from the rhythm department because we cannot do a lesson on this YouTube channel without talking about rhythm, right? So I've saved that for last. So do stay tuned and if you haven't already, do consider a copy of the notes which will be available on Patreon. There'll also be a MIDI track of whatever it is I've played. So if there are any intricate things which you found useful in the lesson and you wanted to really dive in and digest what exactly I played, you can import that MIDI file into your computer program which could be a DAW recording program or an app like Synthesia which allows you to, you know, just see each note as it's being played, right? The YouTube videos are obviously a good resource but then you have these other resources which may help, okay? So the last thing rhythmically would be to add or make this or convert this into different time signatures. How do we do that? I'm going to show you one. There we go. So how do I count this 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. So what do I do? I'm just changing my pattern a little bit but I also don't want to get confused with this new time signature which is 7. So I will prefer to count it like 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1. You could also say, So it's easier to break up such a big number 7. It's not that big a number but it is big compared to 4. So 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, Or you could do 7 as 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, Both have a different groove, isn't it? So let me show you both. Let me show you 4 meets 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3. Remember what I said the last note could be changed. Now let's flip that around 3 meeting 4, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, There we go, you can convert this exercise to 7, you can also do 5, 3, 4, 5, 1, 3, 4, 5, just 5 is 6 minus 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or you can do any time signature really, it's a big number, like 9, you can say 5 meeting 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, quite like 9, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, tak, tak, tak, tak, tak, we have these konokol phrases as well, I am thinking of doing a detailed lesson on konokol phrases and how we can use that for accents, grouping, beat divisions and so on so do stay tuned to the channel there will be more lessons on that front. So let's just recap everything and then conclude the lesson guys we've taken four chords in spread voicing B minor D major F sharp minor E major then we've made a pattern out of it started off with six eight brought in a lot of dynamics into the party then we looked at interval embellishments at the very end of the last beat twos threes fours fives six seven and then we put it together this is fours for example and at the very end of the lesson I talked about these odd time signatures as they call it like seven so you can do seven five nine I think I demonstrated here so do check it out do practice it hard do check my notes which will help supplement your learning on patreon and if you found the lesson a bit more advanced for your liking I hope you enjoyed it still but if you found it a bit advanced and you wanted a bit more structured kind of learning you can always consider our website we have structured video curriculum at a foundational level at an intermediate level we have theory year training and it's ever growing the it'll keep getting populated and if you prefer learning with me or our faculty any instrument virtually or in person you can get head over to our website nathanielschool.com fill up a form and you can have a call with one of our course advisors thanks a ton for watching the lesson I'm looking forward to doing the next one really soon and don't forget to share the video like the video leave us a comment subscribe if you can to the channel the bell icon needs to be hit for regular notifications and you can also follow us and find us on instagram my channel Jason Zach and the school's channel Nathaniel school thanks a ton for watching this lesson thanks for all your support for our channel and we'll catch you soon cheers


Here's a really neat effect. Watch the background color on the text input and the icons here. See how they're sort of desaturated there in the middle? But as I pull them to the outer edges, they get more vibrant. And at the top, it was green. And at the bottom, it was red and orange. What is this magic? It's called background attachment fixed. And I can't wait to show you about it. To help us understand what's happening, let's get the HTML, the same gradient. And now we can see what's happening. Background attachment fixed is making this full viewport gradient. And every icon's background is a window into that. That position of those icons is telling it which part of the gradient to let shine through. And look as we change all the gradients, we can see that effect and how it works. But if we look down at the selectors with the icon button before and footer input, there's the background and there's background attachment fixed. The background attachment fixed property is the crucial thing to make this all work. And I just think it's underused. I hope you enjoyed this gooey snippet and I'll see y'all on the internet.


Welcome to the session of Demand and the Supply Learning outcome of the session. Before proceeding, let me ask you one question. What is a microeconomics? You can pause the video, think about the question, write down your answer in your notebook and then return to the video to see the answer. Let me give you the answer. The macroeconomics studies the economics by the phenomenon such as inflation, price levels, rate of economic growth, the national income, gross domestic product and the changes in the unemployment. Let us see what is a demand? The demand is one of the most critical in the economic decision variable. The demand reflects the size and the pattern of the market. The business activities is always a market determined. That's why the demand is very important. The manufacturers invest in a given particular company considering the size of the market and the market totally works on the demand. The demand for the output and the input, the demand for the firm and the industry, the demand for the consumer, talkist and similar other demand concepts become therefore relevant for the managerial decision analysis. Even if the firm pursues the objective alternatives to profit maximization, the demand concept plays an important role in that. Significance of the demand. The demand is one of the crucial requirements for the functioning of any business enterprises and for its survival and the growth. The demand analysis is very important. The information on the size and the type of the demand help the management in order to make a planning for the requirements of the men, material, machine, money and what the customer wants. For example, if the demand for the product is subject to the temporary business recession, the firm may plan to pile up the stock of the unsold products. So if the demand for the product shows strength toward the substantial and sustained increase in the long run, the firm may plan to install the additional plants and the equipment to meet the demands on the permanent basis. Demand for the product is falling, but while its rival sale is increasing, the firm need to plan itself tactics. The firm need to undertake some sales promotions activity like advertisement. So the demand what you can tell in short what we can say about the demand. The demand for the product can be described as a desire to acquire that product, willingness to pay for that product and the ability to pay for that product. All these three must be checked to identify and establish the demand. For example, let us consider a poor man's desire to stay in a five-store hotel room and his willingness to pay for the rent of that room is not called as a demand because of the lack of the necessary purchasing power. So it can be called as his wishful thinking. Similar to the measure's desire for an ability to pay for the car is not the demand because he does not have sufficient necessary willingness to pay for a car. Let us consider the law of the demand. The assumption of profit maximizing behavior assumes that the owners and the managers know the demand for the firm's goods or the services. The demand function asserts that there is a measurable relationship between the price that company charges for its product and the number of units that the buyer are willing and able to purchase during the specific time period. Economic refer this behavior relationship as a law of the demand which is sometime called as a fundamental law of the economics. Laws state that the quantity demanded for the goods or the service is inversely related to the selling price under the condition that all the other determinants remain unchanging. So the term law of the demand is actually the misnomer. The law predicts events with the certain conditions and by the contrast the theory is probabilistic statements of the cause and the effect. The law of the demand is a theory as an invariably case when the human nature is involved. Symbolically the law of the demand can be summarized as the Qd is equal to function of the p and the d of Qd by dp should be less than 0. That means the equation A states that the Qd that is a quantity demanded for the good is a function which is related to the selling price. Whereas the B states that the quantity demanded and the prices are inversely related to each other. The relationship is explained as shown in the figure. The downward slope of the demand curve shows that there is an inverse relationship between the quantity demanded for the good or the services and its selling price. The validity of the law of the demand may be argued on the basis of the common sense and the simple observation. At the more sophisticated level, the validity of the law of the demand may be argued on the basis of diminishing marginal utility and the income and also the substitution effect. Let us take an example. Suppose that you want to buy a mango at the rate of 100 rupees per dozen. You will buy a 6 dozens of the mangoes. If the price of the mangoes increases by 200 rupees then how much you will buy? Definitely you will buy the less quantity of the mangoes. So what kind of the relationship in between the price and the quantity which is demanded? So there is an inverse relationship. The law of the demand states that the higher the price, the lower will be the demand and also lower the price, higher will be the demand. The law is stated primarily in terms of the price and the quantity relationship. The quantity of the demand is inversely related to its price. Here we consider only the two factors, the price and the quantity which is demanded. All other factors which are determined are assumed to be constant. So let us see the law of the supply. As per the definition, the law of the supply asserts that the quantity which is supplied of the good or the service is directly proportional to the selling price under the condition that all other determinants are remaining constant. Production and the cost under certain conditions include short run production, the hypothesis of the profit maximization and the perfect competition in the resource markets. The law of the supply is based on the law of diminishing marginal returns which is sometime called as law of the diminishing marginal product. In fact, the supply curve of the individual firm is simply the portion of the firm's marginal cost curve which at some point rises in the response to the law of diminishing returns. The law of diminishing return is not an economic relationship, but the technological relationship that empirically consistent. In fact, the law of diminishing marginal returns may be the only true law in the economics. The law of diminishing marginal returns in fact, make the law of supply stronger relationship than the law of the demand. With that case, consider the following hypothetical market supply function. Symbolically law of the supply can be summarized as Q S should be equal to G of P. So, D Q S by D P should be greater than 0. So, the equation A states that the quantity supplied that is Q S of the goods or the service is functionally related to its price. That is the quantity supplied is the function of the price whereas, in case of the equation B it shows that the quantity supplied for the product or the service are directly related to the price. That means they are directly proportional to each other. The relationship is explained in the figure. The upward sloping supply curve indicates that there is a positive relationship between the quantity demanded of the good or the services and its selling price. The market supply curve shows various amounts of the goods or the services that profit maximizing firms are willing to supply at each price. The market supply curve establishes the relationship between the price and the quantity supplied. The changes in the price and the quantity supplied of the good or the services are represented diagrammatically as a movement along the supply curve. The chart shows the law of the supply using the supply curve which will be the upward sloping. The point A, the point B and point C are on the supply curve. Each point on the curve reflect the direct correlation between the quantity supplied and the price. So, at point A the quantity supplied will be q 1 at the price p 1. A supply curve is upward sloping because over the time the suppliers can choose how much of their goods to produce and later bring to the market. At any given point in the curve however, the supply that sellers bring to the market is fixed and the seller simply faces the decision to either sell or withhold their stock from the sale. The consumer demand set the price and a seller can charge only what can market will bear. If the consumer demand rises over the time, the prices will rise and the suppliers can choose devoted new resources for the production means new suppliers can enter into the market which increases the quantity which is supplied into the market. Thus, the demand ultimately set the price in the competitive market and the supplier responds to that price they can expect to receive sets of quantity which is supplied. The law of the supply is one of the most fundamental concept in the economics. It works with the law of demand to explain how the market economies allocate the resources and determine the price of the goods and the services into the market. These are the references for the session. Thank you.


2019 was a big year for science. Since everyone's been looking back at the year and what happened, we thought why not take a look back at some of the biggest scientific discoveries of 2019. Don't forget to subscribe and hit that notification bell so you don't miss out on any future uploads and let's jump in. We started the year off strong. On New Year's Day, NASA's nuclear-powered New Horizons spacecraft flew past a mysterious mountain-sized object some 4 billion miles from Earth. The object, which was renamed from Ultima Thule to Aracoth, is the most distant object humanity has ever visited. The New Horizons probe took hundreds of photographs as it flew by the space rock at more than 32,000 miles per hour, revealing it to be oddly flat for a celestial body. The flyby is helping to reveal new clues about the Solar System's evolution and how planets like Earth formed, though scientists haven't even finished receiving all the data yet. Just days after New Horizons flyby, China's chain 4 mission was the first to put a rover and lander on the far side of the moon, the part we can't see from Earth. Before chain 4's success, no country or space agency had ever touched the far side of the moon. The rover landed in the moon's south pole, which is the site of a cataclysmic collision that occurred around 3.9 billion years ago. The celestial smashup left a 1,500-mile-wide impact site that likely punched all the way through the moon's crust. By landing the spacecraft in this crater, scientists hoped to study some of the moon's most ancient rocks. Elsewhere in the Solar System, NASA scientists learned about the existence of Mars quakes, the red planet's version of Earthquakes. This discovery came from NASA's inside lander, which first touched down on Mars in November 2018 and has given scientists the unprecedented ability to detect and monitor these quakes. The lander's built-in seismometer detected its first Mars quake in April, and since then researchers have recorded more than 100 seismic events, about 21 of which were likely quakes. They hope that by studying these quakes, they'll learn more about what lies underneath the Martian surface. And over 5 million miles from Earth, the Japanese spacecraft Hayabuso-2 touched down on the surface of an asteroid. The probe was first launched way back in December of 2014, but didn't land on the asteroid's surface until this past year, after its long journey. What makes this mission special was it was the first to collect samples from another celestial body to bring back to Earth. By studying the asteroid's innermost rocks and debris, which have been sheltered from the wear and tear of space since the formation of the solar system, scientists hope to learn how asteroids like this may have seeded Earth with key ingredients for life billions of years ago. And even further out, scientists discovered a planet outside our solar system that could be our best bet for finding alien life. In September, scientists announced they detected water vapor on a potentially habitable planet for the first time. The planet, named K-218B, is a super-Earth that orbits a red dwarf star some 110 light years away. K-218B is the only known exoplanet or planet outside our solar system with water, an atmosphere, and a temperature range that could support liquid water on its surface. That makes it the best candidate for habitability out of any planet discovered today. This was also a huge year for the study of black holes. In April, the Event Horizon Telescope team published the first-ever image of a black hole. The unprecedented image that set the internet abuzz shows the super-massive black hole at the center of the Mesa87 galaxy, which is about 54 million light years away from Earth and weighs more than 6 billion times the mass of our Sun. Though the image is somewhat fuzzy, it showed that, as predicted, black holes look like dark spheres surrounding by a glowing ring of light. Since black holes are, well, black, and they distort space-time around them, scientists struggled for decades to capture one on camera. But while it snatched all the headlines, this wasn't the only black hole breakthrough this year.   The super-dense remains after a star goes supernova at the end of its life. The catastrophic collision nearly a billion years ago created ripples in space-time known as gravitational waves, large enough for the ground-based LIGO system to detect. This was only the third event big enough for scientists to detect, since gravitational waves were first discovered in 2015, after they were predicted by Einstein 100 years prior. This year also saw many innovations in space travel technology. In March, SpaceX underwent the first launch of the Crew Dragon system, a commercial spacecraft designed to put NASA astronauts into orbit. The maiden flight of the Crew Dragon marked the first time that a commercial spaceship designed for humans left Earth. It was also the first time in eight years that an American spaceship made for people launched into orbit. Crew Dragon's successful test flight was a critical milestone for the US, since NASA retired its fleet of space shuttles in 2011. And back here on Earth, scientists have made monumental, though often troubling discoveries. Climate researchers found that the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets are melting at unprecedented rates. In April, a study revealed that the Greenland ice sheet is losing on average 286 billion tons of ice per year. Two decades ago, the number was just 50 billion. Antarctica meanwhile lost an average of 252 billion tons of ice per year in the last decade. For comparison, in the 1980s, it was only 40 billion. And researchers' predictions about coming sea level rise are getting more accurate and scarier. Estimates suggest the world's oceans could rise three feet by 2100, which would affect hundreds of millions of people around the world. And another landmark UN report revealed that between 500,000 and a million plant and animal species face extinction, many within decades. The report, published in April, estimated that 40% of amphibian species, more than a third of all marine mammals and reforming corals, and at least 10% of insects are threatened, largely as a result of human actions. And they found that more than 500,000 land species already don't have enough natural habitat left to ensure their long-term survival. Although, on the bright side, one nearly long-lost species emerged from the wilderness this year. In June, scientists spotted a giant squid in its deep sea habitat off the Gulf of Mexico. The giant squid, which inspired the legend of the Kraken monster, has only ever been caught on video one other time, because they rarely leave the icy depths of their habitat more than 3000 feet below the water. And in rockier news, anthropologists dug deep into the earth to make incredible discoveries in 2019. In August, researchers announced they found the oldest skull ever seen from one of our human ancestors, the nearly intact skull, which belonged to the species Australopithecus enaminensis, is 3.8 million years old. The fossil, nicknamed MRD, revealed that these ancient people had protruding faces with prominent foreheads and cheekbones. MRD's age also suggested that these human ancestors coexisted with another species of human ancestor, Australopithecus afarensis, for at least 100,000 years. Researchers also discovered the fate of the last known group of Homo erectus, one of humanity's longest lived ancestors. Anthropologists revealed that a population of Homo erectus from the island of Java died between 117 and 108,000 years ago, and is the last known appearance of Homo erectus in the fossil record. The individuals seem to have perished in a mysterious mass death, after which the bones were swept downstream in a flood. Zooming in, physicists, engineers, and biologists made big breakthroughs this year too. This summer, researchers captured quantum entanglement on camera for the first time. According to quantum mechanics, two particles can be paired and separated. They remain intimately and instantly connected across vast distances. So one particle will affect the other, no matter how far apart they are. This is quantum entanglement, and the strange phenomenon rattled Albert Einstein so much that he died believing it couldn't exist. And in October, engineers at Google announced they had created a quantum computer that could perform a computation in just over three minutes that would take the world's fastest supercomputer 10,000 years to achieve. This achievement in quantum computing, a field of study that strives to enable computers to perform exponentially faster than today's machines, could be used to improve artificial intelligence or assist in the development of new drugs. Google described the milestone as quantum supremacy, meaning their computer did something a conventional computer could never do. In other news, researchers at the World Health Organization garnered a big win for the fight against Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In July, the WHO declared the Ebola virus outbreak in Africa a global health emergency. But fortunately, two experimental treatments were found to dramatically boost survival rates. The two treatments were a cocktail of antibodies injected directly into the bloodstream that could save 90% of people infected with the Ebola virus. Well, that's it for our action-packed recap of 2019. With the turn of the century, we can only hope there are plenty more discoveries yet to come. If you liked the video, don't forget to subscribe and hit that notification bell so you never miss an upload. And remember, there is always more to learn.


Drink spiking is the grim phenomenon of men slipping drugs into usually women's drinks in order to sexually assault them It's always been a disgusting and brutal crime and there are now stories emerging of men using new methods to commit this abuse by Injection there have been reports in the past few weeks of multiple women believing. They have been drugged via needle when in nightclubs Zara Owen is one of them. She is a student in Nottingham and spoke to the BBC about her experience Last Monday night, actually I went out with my friends to a nightclub in the city Nothing more than what we would usually do I remember going in Having going to the bar going to the toilet with the photo booth and then up until that moment My memory is a blank until I get home and I'm getting my phone charger I know I didn't drink as much as I usually would on a night out this night And the fact that I don't remember anything it's terrified for me because This is something that is a very rare occasion to me I've never suffered with memory loss and then the next morning Obviously I did with the memory loss.  Did I didn't want any bruising or anything? But I found a pinprick in my leg. Well, which was the epicenter of all pain It made me unable to walk and I was limping around Which which was the only form of support I could really have is it was it's so much agony That was Zara Owen describing an incident at a club called prism the Guardian report of another young woman in Nottingham Who had a similar experience in a separate incident days earlier a woman who was in a club ten minutes from prison Believed she was spiked in a similar manner The woman also 19 and a student felt a pinch on the back of her arm as she left stealth nightclub on the 12th Of October her sister said she later blacked out and was taken to A&E where she was put on drip and underwent blood tests And a 20 year old man has been arrested for possession of and substances We think in in relation to these but nothing as yet has been confirmed as far as I can tell No one has been found with with a needle But all sounds really horrible Darlia, this is I mean, this is just hideous isn't it? Oh, it's it's horrifying It's it's really really grim stuff You know the phenomenon of women having that their drinks spiked in clubs You know, it's it's a tale as as old as time. Unfortunately. Obviously, this is a kind of new development or more is a very old story and I think what this really shows us is that a lot of the Conventional wisdom advice that has been given on this particular issue really doesn't get to the heart of the matter You know for so long every sort of young woman every sort of teenage girl has been had it drummed into her Before she starts going clubbing or partying or whatever, you know, be careful of your drink make sure not to leave your drink anywhere You know, don't leave your drink unattended always keep your eye in it Don't accept a drink from a stranger, etc So now what can the advice be right like don't have legs don't have arms stay inside of your house Well, guess what your house is probably your home is actually probably not Statistically a super safe place for women either. So really we have this really shows us that we have to Radically change the way that we talk about gender-based violence We have to not only because we know this isn't how gender-based violence Operates you can't kind of game your way out of it. That's not really how it works But it also has this horrible undertone that kind of advice where it's sort of like Just protect yourself just keep yourself safe because the idea then is that if someone is in a club And it's so premeditated that they have a needle full of a substance that is Basically only there to spike up a woman's drink or to spike, you know to incapacitate her Then, you know, just make sure that you're not the one that gets caught just shift it on to someone else to another woman in The club or in the party and it's just like is that really the message that we want to be sending out here Or is is the message that we need to figure out what is driving these behaviors? What is driving people to do these kinds of things and and starting from there rather than starting from how? Women and people of marginalized genders and people who are vulnerable in other ways to these kind of behaviors can actually Rather than sort of focusing on what they should should be doing and it's it's so gross because it also Leads women who experience these kinds of things to internalize this idea that it's bad women It's incompetent women. It's women who didn't take enough measures who were reckless who were drunk It's those kinds of women that get assaulted It's those kind of women that experience violence and and good women cautious women women who you know follow all the rules Don't get assaulted and we know that that is not how we know that's a lie We know that's not how this works and so it's it's clear that we need to shift this conversation On to what actually is driving people to do these kinds of things and that doesn't mean more cops and bars We know that's not gonna make people safer especially when you know the cops are not exactly liable for no Kind, you know the cops are implicated in certain kinds of gender-based violence But it actually gets to we need to go to the heart of this matter and it starts from you know a culture that Uses sex and sexuality as a tool as a weapon as a weapon of power as a weapon of power Against women as a weapon of power against gendered minorities and even as a weapon of power against You know racialized men or men who are vulnerable to these you know sexualized violence and in other kinds of ways and obviously, you know It's an obvious one But the kind of culture that trivializes things like getting people drunk so that you can have sex with them That's kind of the the a different, you know sort of seen as a more acceptable end of this kind of logic But this is the kind of culture that means that this is the kind of behavior that people think that they they engage in So what this showed to me really is that the conversation around You know contamination and drug being drugged in in in clubs and in bars Has has always hit the wrong note because it's always focused on the wrong person's behavior the The reason this is headline news at the moment is because of this This suspected new phenomenon of people being injected with the drugs Everyone seems to be suggesting that it's incredibly rare. I mean there are many reasons to think it would be incredibly rare because It's it's quite risky going into a club with a syringe, you know If you get searched and and that gets found looks pretty dodgy, doesn't it? But this has raised a I think probably a well needed conversation about the extent of abuse which young women face Right now in this country. So One of those experiences was shared by lucy ward. She's a journalist And we had a viral tweet yesterday with a screenshot of a message from her daughter about drink spiking The daughter is in her first year at a uk university And we can have a look at the the tweet here Look at some of the sections of those messages, which she was sharing. So some of the key bits in that message were I know by name about half a dozen girls who have been spiked and more who suspect having been All others have horror stories some so gruesome They only share the mumps or years later One guy recently bought my mate a drink then refused to give it to her until she kissed him And when she said no, he poured it all over her There's another part of that message the injection thing is the most recent thing They're now doing and people are more scared than ever But the scariest thing to me is how unsurprised we all are we go out in groups. We refuse drinks We keep our phones on and in our hands girls are wearing denim jackets because the material is harder to piece We simply accept the latest horror and come up with new ways to protect ourselves And of course remain weak and vulnerable anyway Now I I do recommend Going to that tweet and reading out the whole message because it is really really horrific The terms in which this is all spoken about Um, I also now want to look at some potential resistance Um to this because the guardian reports that women are organizing in response to these incidents. So they report Groups from more than 50 universities around the uk have joined an online campaign calling for boycotts of night clubs Campaigners say they are seeking tangible changes to make nighttime venues safer Such as covers or stoppers for drinks better training for staff and more rigorous searches of clubbers A petition to make it a legal requirement for night clubs to thoroughly search guests on entry has gained more than 130,000 signatures since last week um Darling I want to go back. I suppose to those screenshoted messages And I suppose how awful that made it sound to be a young woman at university right now And I mean we it was not that long ago since we were undergrads I was wondering does it did that sound familiar to you when you sort of read that or do you think it's The experience has got worse Oh, absolutely and way before university. I mean this was my experience from school I would say from the age that I turned around probably 11 or 12 Uh was the first time that you started to get it would either come through, you know Things that would happen in the classroom or things that would happen in the street Or it would be the way that older women would would talk to you so things like you know being told Don't go home in your netball, you know uniform after school Be careful of you know, make sure that you do this make sure that you do that You know suddenly you start to get all those messages and you don't really understand them at the time But you start to get these messages from the top that you know the world out there is really unsafe And you it's your responsibility to protect yourself from that really unsafe world Which obviously massively reduces the quality of your life and your ability to feel free In the world that you you live in and that's something that begins way before undergraduate I think obviously, you know the beginning of university. It's a vulnerable time It's you know, everyone's sort of hashing it out on their own for the first time But I would say that there is a kind of problem here where we sometimes Exceptionalize these kinds of spaces we exceptionalize like the club or the bar is like the place where sexual violence happens and obviously There are particular risks and there's a particular way in which these risks unfold in nightclubs and bars But this isn't the only place where women experience gender-based violence It's not the only place where women experience sexual harassment, which is why again I just think that things like calling for more searching of people before entering a bar It just it doesn't really get to the heart of the issue because it still concedes That it's okay that our broader culture Operates on these logics where you know sexual harassment is just part of the course of growing up as a woman Uh around the world, you know, as I said earlier The home is one of the most unsafe places for a young girl or for a woman How you know, you can't really be frisking, you know Your dad or your husband or your uncle or whatever before every time he comes into the house Even though that even that wouldn't really make a difference. It's about the mentality and it's about the cultural logic That you know equates things like sexuality with, you know, exerting power over someone That looks at women's bodies as something that is, you know, essentially a public commodity a public resource to be commented on to be judged to be to have expectations around and that is the thing that needs to change not bumping up security in a club because The club is not the only place where these things happen and putting a bandaid on, you know, a shock on wound essentially doing that


What's going on, everyone? Sam here with latent sports cards. Oops, we're at the number six. We are ripping 2023, Top Star Wars, Return of the Jedi, Chrome Sapphire Edition, hobby five box break, number six, random pack style. We haven't done the random, we're gonna do the random now, make it easy. We've got, well, I'll show you here, really quick, this is how it's gonna be. Box one, packs one through eight, packs nine through 16, 17 through 24, 25 through 32, and 33 through 40. That's how that'll go, just so you know. So now let's go back over the random screen. We've got our 40 participants. Roll the dice. We're gonna go six times on each. One, two, three, four, five, six, Ryan S, down to Ryan S. And then six times on your pack numbers. Again, that's gonna be one through 40. One, two, three, four, five, and six. Six, down to 38. All right, I'll go through everybody, read off everybody's number. Got Ryan S, six, Taun L, four, Jason R, 15, Justin W, 28, Dale C, 27, Justin W, 12, and 33, Dennis R, 9, Ryan S, 40, and 22, Jason R, 5, Amane S, 31, Ereberto G, 30, Dallas P, 37, Justin W, 2, Phil K, 29, Jason R, 13, Phil K, 20, John H, 8, Dallas P, 34, Dennis R, 16, Jeremy S, 7, Amane S, 26, Francis D, 1, Kyle R, 35, Dallas P, 24, Jason R, 10, Phil K, 25, John H, 18, Taun L, 14, Francis D, 19, Taun L, 3, Dale C, 39, Justin W, 23, Justin W, 21, and 11. Those were all Justin W, Dallas P, 32, Michael S, 36, Justin W, 17, and Ryan S, 38. So we get these copied over before we get started. Ryan S through Ryan S, copy results, number six, results, copy link address, there's your guys' results. Again, easiest way is going to be to go onto the results. If you don't feel like scrolling, just control find, look up your name, control F. All right, I'm going to organize these all by number, despite Donnie telling me I can't. I don't care, I'm not going to listen to Donnie. All right, box one, packs one through eight. Okay, again, I'm just going to go in, be one through eight, just like that. Empty. Pack number one, Francis D, here we go, Francis. Got the droid and the Ewok. That is ATST, the victorious rebels, and a word with Ben Obi-Wan Kenobi. Pack number two, Justin W. Good luck here, Justin. This is the young Jedi Knight. Nice, super short print sticker. Is that Wicket Warwick? Wicket Warwick, I believe, right? Yes. Nice one there. The Imperial Fleet and Forest of Endor. There you go, Justin. Nice one there. You got Tawn, Ella, three and four. Good luck here, Tawn. Prisoners. Rebel Cruiser. That's going to be a green. Ready for action. 34 of 60. Nice one there with Tawn. Congrats on that, Tawn. And give in to your hate. Give in to your hate, Donnie. Good, Sam. Good. Four. Tawn, Ella again. Good luck, Tawn. That's your hate flow through. Chewbacca Triumphant. That's a checklist card. Nice one there. Return of the Jedi, 133 through 220. Ready for action. And Bizarre Alien Creature. Creatures. Jason R at five. Look here, Jason. We got an orange. The Emperor that is walking the plank. Orange. Blasting a speeder bike, 22 of 25. That's so cool. I love it. There you go, Jason. Congrats, buddy. Nice hit there on pack number five and a confronting their destiny. All right, pack number six, Ryan S at number six. Good luck, Ryan. That is going to be Camorian Guard. The Emperor's Shuttle. I always look really like the Emperor's Shuttle, too. I always thought that was such a cool show. That was like my favorite Lego set. Oh, dude, that was such a great Lego set. Job of the Huts, New Dancing Girl. And a curious Ewok. Number seven, Jeremy S. Good luck, Jeremy. Let's see it, buddy. We've got Sailbarge Creatures. The demise of Job of the Hut. Princess Leia to the rescue. Nice. And the approach of Wicket on number seven there. And pack number eight, John H. Good luck, John. Got a rival of the Emperor, Green Mon Mothma. 54 of 60. We got three numbered cards in the first box. Grats on that. Mon Mothma to 60. The Bounty Hunter Boush and the victors. All right. That'll round out number one onto box number two. Pack number nine through 16. Grab them like that. Put them down. And pack number nine, Denisar. Denisar. Good luck, Dennis. Portrait of Chewbacca. Got a Aqua in here. C3PO and R2G2. Aqua, the Jaws of Death. A Raincore. Yeah. To 75. Nice one there. Dennis, congrats, buddy. Jaws of Death. Same learning Star Wars. And Han Solo's Plate. Pack number 10, Jason R. Good luck here, Jason. On number 10, the Emperor's Offer. That is going to be a Intergalactic Gangster. The Emperor's Arrival. And entering the Throne Room. What if like, Sith and Jedi, like, they're just like a contract, like an MBA or four. 11, Justin W.  You're my pattern one for four years for 100 million dollars. On your rookie contract. There's Within the Death Star. We got a Decarbonized. That is Luke Skywalker, now a Jedi. And will Han Solo be dinner? There you go, Justin on number 11. We are waiving your extinction. Justin W at number 12 again. Good luck, Justin. Another Orange. Luke Skywalker, the Jedi. The battle begins. Orange, quarters of the Imperial Destroyer. Nice one there to 25. That's so cool. With Vader on it. Love it. Good stuff there, Justin. And rescuing Han Solo. That'll do it for number 12. Next up is number 13. That's Jason R. Good luck here, Jason. That was a really sick one. Jason. Here we go, buddy. Luke Skywalker surrenders. Yoda, the Jedi master. A Luke Skywalker's destiny. And Vowsh's captive. There you go, Jason at number 13. 14. Now we've got Taun Elegant. Good luck, Taun. That is a Gormoran Guard Emergence. Abort the Sail Barge. What's that guy's name again? The little elephant looking guy? Oh, Max. Max. That's Rebo. Max Rebo, that's right. The courageous Jedi. And corridors of the Imperial Destroyer. There you go, Taun. Nice one there. Number 15. Jason R again. Good luck, Jason. Droids on the move. Awaiting his majesty. The friends depart. So I just went downtown quickly to grab a late meal and want to send you what I sent, what I ran into. Oh, it's going to be some obscure jersey. The new Death Star. Whenever I was in Vermont and there was a guy in downtown Burlington with a Todd Gurley Falcon's jersey, so I texted him on. I'm like, alert, alert. Todd Gurley Falcon's jersey spotted in the wild. Number 16. Last pack of box two. Denis R. Good luck, Dennis. All hail C-3PO. There's their secret revealed. That is going to be Battle of the Jedi. That's such a clean card. And Han Solo portrait. Nice. There you go, Dennis. On the red sapphire. Hell, it's just a Colt's team bus. That's so random. All right, 17 through 24 now. The hell, Vaughn. That's so weird. There you go. We've got starting off with Justin W. Justin W. Good luck, buddy. So we got a teal in the first one. Sitting with royalty. There's snagged by the Ewoks. We've got a teal. Facing the Emperor. 14 of 75. That's nasty. I'd say that's probably mag worthy with Luke Anvader on it. Yeah, probably. I would say so. We'll get that into a mag for you, Justin. That's so cool. 14 to 75. Facing the Emperor. Awesomeness. And Luke Skywalker, Jedi Warrior. Number 18. John H. John H at 18. Good luck, buddy. That is a red. The plan begins. Portrait of Wicket. Quiet C-3PO. And surrounded by Ewoks. Nice little pack where they're Francis. Again, Francis D. I had to triple take. Nice one here, Francis. Number 19. Horror from the Pit. A new challenge. That's a cool one. Ambushed by the Empire. And headquarters. Pack number 20. That's Phil K. Good luck, Phil. Let's see it. It's like a green for you, Phil. Not bad. Not bad. Escorted to the Ewok Village. A swing to safety. That's going to be a green. Their secret revealed. Six of 60. Nice one, Phil. Congrats, man. That's a cool one. I like it. I like it a lot. And a red R2-D2 hit. All right, we've got 21. Justin W. Justin W is inside Jabba the Hutz Palace. Oops. Stuck there. Is the Ewok leaders. That is the Deadly Cannon. And Princess Leia swings into action. On to number 22. That's Ryan S. 22. Han Solo giving up Friends of the Alliance. That is a checklist card. 67 through 132. And Face of Terror. Nice one there, Ryan. Congrats, buddy. 23. Justin W. Good luck, Justin. Let's see it. Is Biker Scout in the battlefield. That is a hulking Gamorian Guard. Princess Leia strikes back. And Princess Leia has the Force. And then we're going to Dallas P. Hock Dock at 24. Good luck, Dallas. That is the Forest Fighters. Han Mothma on the portrait. Hey, Princess Leia apprehended. Red Sapphire. And Blue above the Sarlak Pit. There you go, Dallas. Congrats, man. All right, we're on to 25 through 32. And box number four. Kicking us off is going to be Phil K. at 25. Just good luck here. Phil, pack number 25. Let's do it, Phil. So we got a teal for it, Phil. A pensive Luke Skywalker. That is going to be Lando Calrissian to 75 on the portrait. Nice one there. To 75. We've got Job of the Hut. Red Sapphire and military leader Admiral Ackbar. Okay, this guy needs to be thrown out right here. Lane with now his second yellow, meaning it turns into a red. Lane is gone. Wow. I'm on AS at 26. Crazy. No more, no more Almanax. There's the young Jedi. R2-D2 on Endor. Sam's going to take control and Zong be Raven's players. Chewbacca. Raven's an ox. And Master of Terror. Okay, Anthony appreciate you. Forrest, now at a yellow. And the ref is watching. Ref is watching Forrest and Kyle right now. 27. Dale C. Good luck, Dale. You're so lucky I just opened that pack, Kyle. The villain's confer, or confer. Starquiz return to the Jedi. That is a monstrous fate. And the captive princess. That's going to also be a yellow on Kyle. 28 is going to be Justin W. Making weird noises and whatnot. I'm glad not alone, Anthony. Got my first yellow card today. It feels weird. That's true. That's true. Hey, you'll never look back now, Jonathan. There's the inspection. Han Solo's in trouble. Guards of the Emperor. Dude, I need one of these. That's so cool. And a collection of creatures. There you go, Justin. Phil K. Again now at 29. 29. Phil K. Got a green for you, Phil. That is a lightsaber battle. Darth Vader. Nice one there. Green is corridors of the Imperial Destroyer 6 of 60. Nice one there. This chat is a collection of creatures. And a benevolent creature. And it's Admiral Aquar. All right, we've got 30. Erberto G. Good luck, Erberto. That is going to be Stormtroopers attack. The rescue. We've got Where's Princess Leia? And a new found friend. Neville creatures. All right, we are on to 31. I'm on AS again. Good luck, I'm on A. It must be. Maybe it's Aquar species. Oh, it's definitely a species. It's Moncala. Toward the Sarlacc pit. That is A. Captured by the Ewoks. Leedsinger sized noodles. That is royal treatment. What's the reason? Oh, no. Could the Lord I wish I didn't find out the reason? Oh, no. And 32. Dallas P. Good luck, Hawkdog. Let's go, Dallas. We've got R2D2 meets Wicket. Han Solo is alive. Rethinking the plan. And the forest creatures. I know a forest creature. I know a creature named Forest. There you go. Ha ha. Got him. All right. And now packs 33 through 40. I'd love to read chat, but I can't slow down. Starting off 33. Justin W. Justin W. Let's go, Yogi. Lennox Calrissians fight for life. Thoughts of a Jedi. That is uh, Logray and Chief Chirpa. And the royal droid. Of course it's Erse doing something. What else would it be? 34. Dallas, Hawkdog. Let's see it. We got a gold for you, Dallas. On the Death Star. Gold military leader, Admiral Ackbar. 11 of 15. It's a crab. That's awesome, Hawkdog. Congrats, man. Let's go, Dallas. 11 of 15. Observed by the Ewoks. And the interceptor, three-fourths view. What, the interceptor? No, the tie interceptor. Oh, the Ackbar? The Ackbar, too. Next up, we've got at 35, Kyle R. Good luck, Kyle. Is the Ewok village. Approaching the princess. Imperial scout peril. That is the raging battle. I can't even fit the image on that card. I'll get this. This guy, Anthony, needs a yellow because he needs to mix in a water. 36, Michael S. He needs to make like the bangles running back and mix in a water. He should see that coming. Yep. Concerned, Princess Leia. I'm concerned. Help from Princess Leia. I need help. There's the dreaded Rancor and Boba Fett's last stand. There you go. Michael on to Dallas again, Hawkdog at number 37. He has a band and they performed. Sam, pretty, I mean, it's a pretty deep queue. Probably about an hour I wouldn't expect to go until about 1 a.m. would be my guess. But yeah, we still have room. That is Princess Leia in intercedes. We've got revising their plan. We got a green for you here again, Dallas. That's going to be all hail C3PO, 39 of 60. That's so cool with all the Ewoks. Hell yeah. And reunion on Endor, the Jim Erse experiment. 38, Ryan S. Good luck here, Ryan. We've got the tie interceptor, front view. Han Solo's approach. That is going to be Starlovers. And Luke Skywalker arrives, the Morian Guard in the background there. There you go, Ryan. We've got, I believe, Dale again. Yes, Dale C at 39. Yeah, I can get you. I can mag the gold for you for sure. We'll do it. We'll just do it after. Do it after the break. Guest of Job of the Hut, Unexpected Allies, Levitated by Luke, and Admiral Ackbar's Defenders. There you go, Dale. It'll be easy, too, because I know what Dallas' number is, so I'll just let you know what packets in. Do you have to go through all of them? Oh, storm this stuff, too. It's one of the most recent ones, yeah. It's one of the 30s. And number 40 is Rhinus. Rhinus. We've got Lando Calrissian undercover. On the sail barge, Dungeons of Job of the Hut, and the Triumphant Trio. All right, guys, again, hell of a lot of fun on the Star War breaks. Thank you all again for getting everything filled up tonight. I do appreciate it. Coming up next is personal.


In step four of this project, you're going to calculate the energy costs associated with your scenario for the future of the planet. And we're going to end up doing this, changing this renewable unit cost up here, this slider. And so initially you will have, by this point, you will have chosen a carbon emission scenario. You will have chosen a per capita energy scenario. You will have chosen a population limit, the fossil fuel energy intensity, to figure out how much carbon-based energy you can get. And you do all those things. If you look on page two, you'll see here's a graph with your, in blue, the global energy demand. And then in red, the carbon-based energy that you can squeeze out of this carbon emission history. And then the difference is going to be the renewable energy. So this is what we've got to work on now. And if you look at the very end of time here, 2,200, we see we've got something like 2,100 and about 50 exajoules of energy that we've got to supply. And our task now is to figure out how we're going to do that. What kind of energy source are we going to use to make up that demand? And so we make a choice, and here are some of the choices, wind, onshore, offshore, geothermal, hydro, solar, nuclear here. And they each have an associated cost with them. So you have to figure out what percentage of this energy is going to come from which of these sources. Then you'll average these prices, these unit prices for these renewable or non-fossil fuel-based energies. And then you're going to enter that into here. So let's say I do that. I make a decision that let's say I'm going to do the whole thing with onshore wind. Then what I would do is to take this little slider and move it down to 11.1. And then I run the model like this, and then I'll look on the next page. And I see here the costs. So here in blue are the renewable energy costs. In red are the carbon energy costs. And then in pink or purple here are the total energy costs.


What's good YouTube?  But yeah So Without further ado, man, let's check out some of these pictures that I got The first thing we're gonna start off with is my sketches from 2000 And how I remember that is This because that's around the time I was working for this tattoo shop But I was just So they had to put everything I got something good Hated the job, but it bore me so much that it just had my mind. It's going Start out Who got that chick this picture? We will be checking out is The best dunker of all times that ever played in the lead Don't care about your pink when you're bored Vince Carter aka Have man have amazing He brought flavor to the game. You feel me not everybody else doing all the tricks now But if it wasn't for Vince everyone for the man himself Very soon, so please don't think I'm tripping that you know saying I'm showing AI I'm showing Vince, but I ain't showing the guy Michael Jordan man LeBron coming soon, too. That's my favorite player now favorite basketball player all-time Michael Jordan Point blank period favorite shooting guard slash point guard. It's your boy. Hey I ain't know for debate who I'm rocking with now. They got them handles like that your book. No, Carrie Irving. I'm tripping I'll trip Carrie Irving ain't nobody's seeing them with the hand that handles you cost. Oh, stand in the night about this You come over here. You see art everywhere. Well, this picture we can check out You ain't no fan of Dragon Ball Eden. You don't know nothing about life Had to give you boy go cool the sauce With the Giuseppe zone I got the rights in the hand purple rain He's a missing a girlfriend and all that acrylic and I be seeing a lot of artists, but they They be dope. They just don't be adding the Man, what a soul said go ahead and subscribe to my Instagram page my sister So your artist as well she do body paint. She was make Photoshopped in front of y'all make sure y'all go check out her channel Neat natural peace. I did that girl sitting on the water sea turtle Sooner boy and arrow made out of jellyfishes, bro So just some dope stuff Already you know some boats come up to pass guys. Nice There's a little piece that I did at my morning hookup. I really want to get these These pictures to these artists man, but I know My name get bigger. I'll be able to Take it to him personally Or they'll know me and every come to get art for me So This has got to be one of my favorite pieces I did let me tell you the story So I was in Atlanta, right? your boy was Once again board But a dollar store was right up the street and I had my sketchbook with So I walked up there and bought like 10 or 15 jail pens when I tell you I went to work. I Just drew like I didn't have no idea what I was going with it I knew I wanted to draw Jimi Hendrix, but after that everything else was just like, you know what I'm just Whatever come to mind at the time just Thank y'all for tuning in man checking out some of my artwork today I will have a part two of this video because we ain't even go to the back room and check out The boxes and pull out some stuff. I got back there But so we will have a part to come in real soon Make sure y'all subscribe to the channel can't stress that enough. Thank y'all for tuning in much love and we out in