I'm honored to speak in front of you this evening, especially with this subject, which is very close to my heart, I may say so. For this conference, this lecture is just a kind of addendum to the main research I published in the form of a book last year about what I call the county prayer, which is taken with praying, with beats, counting the prayers, numbers. And if I may add this as an introduction to this personal anecdote, I started this study 40 years ago when I was a child, and because my mother went in a shop to buy for a first communion one of these groceries, I was so puzzled to see the numbers, why were there 50 beats and why were they arranged this way. I started collecting them, which I did for several years, and that was the only way to study this very interesting, I think, practice of the county prayer, which is probably the most idiosyncratic practice of devotion for lay people in the West in Christianity. As would be icon worship for Orthodox, the repeated prayer would be the thing for lay people, and especially because it's not as a devotion for, I think, others, the after-reformation for Catholic people and for prayer-reformation for the West in Christianity, but it was not very well viewed by the church would try to organize it, but it sprang from other places. It's not a kind of state-programmed thing that would be the worship of the Holy Sacrament, for instance, would be a kind of imposed devotion on the people. But this county prayer was something which just happened and had to be organized. So, my purpose tonight is not to discuss this very wide subject, but just to, as a kind of addendum to this work, to see this relationship to the early portraiture in Renaissance Europe, and it's quite astonishing, at least to me, that so many of these sitters are this day fondling or touching pieces for quite a short period of painting, which is almost the time where portraiture, individual portraiture emerges in Western art, and is spreading among all social classics. So, as it was just early, a very beautiful example by Van der Vijden, the Anwerp, who used to do choir with his beats between his hands. And, of course, it's not strictly stating an individual portraiture that is probably part of the duty, that is, what kind of underlying art. It's in San Marino collection, but nevertheless, the fact that he is praying not just with a gesture that with beats doesn't change anything to my purpose. And, in fact, it's one of the commonest type of portrait in the late 15th century and 16th century painting. Just to show you a few examples, because we hardly look at those things in the hands of the sitters when we see this painting, which is, because it's only a small object, but it's present, it must be meaningful, and that's the purpose of my lecture tonight. So, by Jean-Saint-Claire, by Louis Sola, and Dürer, and Arthurine, I don't know Spanish, but it's not my purpose to discuss really the merits of this portraiture. Also, as you see, this is a very interesting arrangement because it's kind of addictive, but there is no figure of devotion to be related to it. There's no personal saying, but there are only a couple, as a couple in history, I would say, in time, and I will come back to that later. For example, Dürer's father with beads. And the question is, what may be the relationship of, maybe I put this one, let's pause this with what I'm saying right now, the question of this apparition of modern portrait, that is to say the purpose of preserving the denierments, the appearance of the mortal man, which is kind of a new pattern, especially as it's not in a kind of abstract and generalized way as would be in sculpture or in metal, for instance, where it's kind of memory. But when it's so realistic, and especially because of the costume, which is so present, the attention to dress, which links the scissors obviously to a special moment of its own life or fashion, so something very concrete and very fugitive in time, not in this kind of long duration life would be like a portrait metal movie, which is kind of timeless, but something, and the attention of putting always the age of the sitter, and not even his name, which is quite, let's say, aggravating to us to know he was like 20, 24, or 83, and we don't know his name and we don't know the painter, who would know that. So it's very strange that this desire to keep this image of the living man due to, who dies someday, will disappear and his memory, then he will fail also, is so rooted into this phrase of the instant, and there is some kind of paradox, we will be told very much about what Western culture is. Anyway, the presence at this very period of creation and the early development of portraits in Western culture, the presence of this very object must tell us something about what these portraits are meaning, what these people would like to have their personal appearance recorded with the subject in their hands. As we are now, if you want to prove your devotion, that would be an obvious answer, you just pay for something, you pay for a nice case of investment or something to be done, to have your own picture made at your expense, to show yourself at your own height, it's not working this way. To take a similar, I've chosen this very famous portrait of Jean-Marc Nathier, showing Madame Adelaide making knots, because she's holding, or it's the same process, of object working as Paragon in the painting, as something which is there and which is kind of commentary on the whole project, both ethical and aesthetical. And she's making knots, you see with this kind of small object with all the entrenchment of Navet, which is a natural object, which was copied on a loom shuttle, and it was devised for ladies not to be idle in society, so it had no function than to show the working hand of a lady, which was a way of putting the entrenchment on the thing, and also to show that a lady should never even remain idle, even if she's conversing. So ladies would have these golden shuttles with thread, and were making knots. And there are many, many portraits within a small period of time of these ladies making knots, and finally they were making a kind of lace of a very adelian lace, which was called frivolity. So it was both a mixture of pleasure and several ethical or social behavior for women. So to go back to our subject, the question of counting prayers with beads, what is the purpose of counting while repeating something you've said before? It's repetition, it's a counter value even in scripture, and Matthew would say, why are you repeating always the same thing like pagans do? And at best it's supposed to be like a kind of a cithicism, and at worst it's like a magical practice to enforce things to happen by repeating by the power of the mere power of a forehand soul. Repetition is not in such a thing very positive. We have to look for a reason for that in the early Christian practice to recite the hundred and fifty psalms every day. So this psalm, if you like, ought to read them or to know them by heart, is anyway a very tedious and long process which obviously was not open to anybody. So in monastic rule, for instance, they started to change this praying with thought with the hundred and fifty psalms every day to the repetition of something an hundred and fifty times, like a father an hundred and fifty times. And especially for penances, purposes, because in early Christian penances were like five-year fasting or very heavy penances, and they were commuted to this kind of repetitive prayer. At the beginning, only the old father, the paternal son, was concerned with this practice, but when the Hague Mary became a more common prayer during the 18th-thousandth century, it tended to be also repeated this way. And we have to think that the Hague Mary, in this period, and not what we call the second part, it was only the first part where the words of the angel and the greeting of Elizabeth, and there was not a second part of the praying for us at the time of hot death and etc. So it was not a shorter and simpler prayer than it is now. So this repetition is not only about performing something as would be the perfect old prayer of the Orthodox, where we pray all the time without counting. Here there is a purpose of achieving something by calculation, and once you've finished, it composes something new, which is the complexion of what they call, for instance, in the 13th-th century, the sorter of old lady, like there was the sorter of old, which are the actual souls of David and the Testament, and there was this new sorter of old lady composed only of 150 Hague Mary. This way of composing something complete and perfect in its way with small elements, which is exactly what these or nots are, completing a certain number of things, was almost immediately compared to flowers, because flowers are the most accessible of offerings. It's something both very beautiful, very precious, and anybody can get, especially the rose, which is a perfect flower in medieval times. So there would be a connection made between this flower offered to the shrine and the prayer being itself a flower. And of course these flowers, composed together, would make not a nose game, as we would suppose, but what was something more akin to the sort of practice of the time, the crown, to be put on the head of the beloved one. So there is plenty of evidence about this, I think you're perfectly off of this courteous way of waving or plating crowns with flower-visited result from Boccaccio, a very beautiful manuscript, eliminated by Bartholomew Degli in Vienna. And this is just thinking of our beloved one and braiding this crown of flowers. So people praying were making the same thing on a spiritual level, preparing with all these single prayers a spiritual crown to be offered to the Virgin as a token of love and devotion, as would do the gallant's night to his lady. You can see this is an earlier example of the 14th century in the manuscript showing how the lady is rewarding the night with a crown of flowers. So it was really something quite not only symbolic but quite common because we know there were corporations of people making these crowns which were sold in the street and they were bought and given between people as a token of love, as would be flowers in shape of Boccaccio today. But there is one aspect which is very important to me in this birth of a modern rosary. By the way, it's just coming from the idea of roses, obviously. It means a garden or a crown of roses. It is the idea of exchange of something given and something given like this love and the crown being a token one of the other. And this exchange, for instance, is quite obvious in the great altarpiece by Agostria in Vienna, the Fist of the Rosary, where you see here that it's the child and the Virgin who are placing crowns, roses crowns on the head of the people around them. So the offering goes both ways and there are many tales and legends about apparition of the Virgin crowning with flowers, one of the devotees who was praying to her and this kind of story. So there is this idea of exchanging gifts and getting some reward out of this practice which we see later is quite important. So of course, as we can notice quite easily the sweetness of heavenly devotion goes willingly with a pleasure of possession of nice objects. One of the nicest things we have in late medieval and early Renaissance art are related to this devotion to the taste of beautiful artifacts which are hardly needed, quickly speaking, if you just want to count on knots, on seeds, on people as the early example I showed earlier. So usually these beads to count your prayers are made of coral, of hard stones, of rock crystal, of precious metal and so on. And in this way, beyond to the dress and to the costume as any kind of jewel. And that's so maybe how one of the ways they came into portrait has been part of fashion in some way. And it's quite remarkable that the separations which makes the difference between an ordinary necklace and beads to count prayer, rosaries or of kind are the species that are called goddesses, things for fun, which are not used for counting but for separating. And that's what they like in many cascadating device. And that could be of practical order just to make this division but also be any kind of thing, as I think people are putting on their phones or on their key ring before, so just bracelets, just tiny mementos, small relics, medals from pilgrimage, anything. And I would like to show some example of a very nice object where you can see that it's obviously hardly required to have such a heavy and fragile object to say your prayers on. So that would be, like, essentially, more like patron masters than rosaries in Munich and one in the room in rock crystal which is painted inside with small scenes which are hardly visible, so it's not a question to be able to use them during prayer. And you can see that's interesting in those three exemplaries that they still have their ring. So it was something almost like a very modern gobble or something you would have in your finger and just play with and be with during the day, whether you were counting, actually, or not. So I would like to open a small parenthesis about one of these objects you may add on your beads as part of your idea of this object you may enrich with your beads. Those are the details of the same portrait actually before but they are small balls made of filigree in gold or in silver which we call them in French as in German, a gobblerine of pounder which means they're kind of small box meant to contain amber, amber grease meaning amber grease from the well or most or any kind of scented material which was supposed to give a nice perfume to be had especially to the gloves people were wearing all the time and was supposed to have also healthy properties like preventing to get contaminated by sicknesses or epidemics and certainly it was nice to have handy a source of good smell around you at any time and in any circumstances so it's interesting to see that this very mundane object as a commander is associated as part of the dress to the beads of the rosary these are two examples of Flemish patterns quite similar to what you see in the paintings and just to show you some examples of them some of them have compartments to put perfume into it most of them is amber grease and see this famous portrait of Titian showing the young tennis as well see wave on her belt this pomander here especially important to have children carrying them because they are supposed to prevent them from getting sick or what kind of profane acting values so there is a kind of back and forth movement between profanity or mundane things and sacred things in this object because you see they are meant to count prayers with the made of precious material which are carried around like jewels and the same thing happened with the pomandas which are the kind of religious or spiritual counterpart in this mock pomandas made of boxwood and I bring this point because there has been a very interesting exhibition last year in Amsterdam coming from Toronto and New York before about all this micro sculpture in boxwood but I think they missed the point of the reason being of these objects and it is to be found for instance in 16th century sources when they are discovered as a story I showed you before so you see how quality they are exactly like a secret pomander with the same kind of azure open work or figuratively work but made in wood like a limitation of something because this could be also a metal but it's not and inside when you open it you discover that you know the subjects all this incredible, miniature representation of salation so it's usually one of the most difficult and most impossible thing to show is the last judgement and that's usually what they represent in this very small tiny object with all these figures with the kind of vertigo of opening this small knot and finally inside the whole story of the world and beyond taught within this small object like when you open your pomander you have all this perfume bringing with it health and preservation from death and then you open this and you have just the same thing that brings to your senses your sight in occurrence all this wealth, spiritual wealth to ensure your spiritual health in some way and I want to quote a few texts versus how I started and it's a bit better to start with it's Dictionnel des Ecrimes Français written by Antoine Duvertier in the 6th century and it's about a note he makes about a translator Martin Fleury who translated the programs of Erasmus and that's what he says in 1544 which is just the time and the subject were made and used that's what he says in French at the end of the 6th century the Syriac Syriac of Erasmus which is an ancient proverb visited by the Greeks from which we can help each other when under apparent vanity and madness a thing will manifest itself excellent and it was Syriac small, sharp and shaped images these things were shown the figure of a trumpet where everything was shaped but the opening seemed to be divine and miraculous so I went after the original in Erasmus the idea is that you have this object with a kind of stupid outside appearance like was Silenus and not Silenus himself but social properties and as he had compared the plateaus, aquates socrates to Silenus because he saw every outside and he saw such a spiritual mind inside so that's what they're putting Erasmus for and then in 16th century you have this kind of mountain object and inside you have all this display of faith and wisdom and salvation and actually some objects of this video are exactly what I've described by Erasmus as we shall see like this small piece because it looked like a dog inside a piece which looked like beads somehow opened themselves and in them you have saints or scenes from the scriptures so it's exactly what is described by this Silenian Aquatic so this is the most popular maybe of the proverb of Erasmus was published in 1515 and it opens with Plato's banquet and I found an early English translation of the text I would like to share with you this saying among learned man is taken from a proverb which may conveniently be used either for a thing which outwardly at the first flush seems to be of no value and scornful yet if a man looked nearer to it and beholded it in world apart he'd appear with great and wonderful some say that Silenian were certain images carbon and graven and may offer such a fashion and he opened and closed the game which when they were closed at the scornful and monstrous shape and when they were opened suddenly they should as gods this fashion of images was taken of the scorned Silenian Silenian soul maester to bakers moreover he did this going about to pray socrates when he dined with Plato did liken him to such manner image and for instance after preparing Jesus Christ to a Silenian has been a god with a mere man appearance compute like this now may we also find many such images in the sacrament of the church those sees the water those sees the oil and salt for he rest the words that is that the outward part of the image for if thou never hear nor see the evenly strength and that you sent from above into the inner part of the images all the residue or no other things be but very trifle and of no value the Holy Spirit has also such images if thou stay in it the other part the manger is often wide and scornful but if you search the inner party for short wonder and reverence for good deal wisdom so it's interesting to see for instance this question this question looming around this subject about the difficult relationship of embodiment of the spiritual into objects and how we go as I say back and forth to prefer to religious and to religious to mountain so to conclude what happened in the period where concentrating on is at the very time of this appearance of portraiture in Europe but at the time where the recitation of canted prayer was standardised and with rules by the Dominicans and namely Alain de La Roche what a fearful figure and who wrote also with a shranga from my old Smalifika woman of the treatise of women's witches and so he claimed to have personal visions and by which he knew that the rosary was not something coming from the ancient practice of anachronism heredity in the desert we know where it was but it was given as a tool against the a visual heresy by the Virgin to Saint Dominic himself and so the Dominicans decided that all this body which was just there around the world practised by everybody was something belonging to them but the authorization to ground the contrary of the rosary which was the only one with the right to organise public recitation of the rosary what was the two main points of this organisation to fight the idea that this repetition was a bit pointless you had to meditate on a set of 15 episodes of the life of the Christian the Virgin which are called mysteries and these 15 mysteries were divided into 5 sets of joyous, soulful and glorious and you have a wide iconography I just showed you this Palenso Loto painting with the 15 mysteries organised in rows each shape of in circle of course because they are like beads so all this kind of mandala looking pictures because it explains how it works you say your beads according to the scheme of the mysteries you're going through and then down you see the Virgin giving the rosary to Saint Dominic and the Saint at the side and the Andrew's scattering rose petals so all these associations I was prepared into before but what is the point of following strictly the requirement of conferring the rosary is because you gain the wealth of indulgences and that was a great success of this particular devotion is that if you follow strictly all this accounting scheme of doing and of course not only reciting the number of prayers but also being confessed having taken communion and some other requirement you could get partial or complete indulgence for the living and the death which was incredible because for the living you could still hope you'll make your ways in the future and be able to do something for the dead and to alleviate the suffering of souls in purgatory was an amazing possibility so obviously it was such a comfort I mean I really wouldn't do that but praying and accumulating hundreds thousand, ten or thousand of years of remission because nobody knows how long it's going to last in purgatory so some devotion you could get as far as 50,000 years of your balance of purgatory time which was abolished in the 19th century to higher level indulgences but they still exist in Catholic theology so this is exactly the opinion where reformation we start and we start because of this undertooks business and all this is really raising for the New Saint Peter in Germany especially so all this you see is clearly interconnected I'll show you a last example of this system which is quite eloquent I think it's a small so many percent relief of this rosary triptych in Madrid and you see here how through the marriage of Christ because all the capacity of a church to give it is truly infinite marriage of Christ which can redeem any debt from anybody but the church is the banker of this treasure it's called the church treasure actually so you see the sacrifice of Christ in the center the crown of roses but set in as a rosary by 10 separated by Gaudes and you see the release of the salt from purgatory through this kind of mechanism almost system so I think to conclude when we see this modern marriage very self conscious man wanted to have this to leave a track in history not a track only with his good name or with his deed like the people which we were craving to find posers of a great man that only for emperors we had them but for very philosophers we are so difficult to read writers we hardly know very physical so very self conscious wanting more from memory than just leaving a name or words and to have to have beads to this enterprise is the project of leaving a track of one step is saying more I think about the sitter is stating something about the concern of one spiritual afterlife of course and you take in charge your own soul in a very responsible way because you are going to accumulate this wealth for yourself and not only for yourself because as you can pray for the disease one which is maybe the most fascinating part of devotion it means also you belong to a lineage that you are responsible towards people before you and that's also something to really for people after you to show how you prayed yourself for your fathers from fathers ancestors and as an admonition to your descendant to do the same and of course it would be too simple just to see them as an accessory of fashion speaking of statues of luxury maybe as we could see them but I think in a way and it can't be a very affirmative way of saying thing by the lack of concrete source but by bringing net of signification I think we can bring a sense of what it can be what can be the meaning of this use so common of rosary in the hands of cities in renaissance portraiture as another way also to describe individual life into a wider spinal time, collective time and probably also to keep eternity at bay thank you


So this is why I think Josh Snow from Thief Whitening is like one of the biggest ballers in e-commerce and like even though He's he's not like the biggest guy with the most revenues and whatever He's not like, you know, number one number two or whatever whatever you want to call it, right? There are bigger companies like honest company from Jessica Elba. That's like manscape. That's like the other companies basically Right, but the reason why I think he is like one guy that you achieve You can like potentially look towards and learn a lot from purely because of how he operates So he didn't take any money. He invested his own money from day one, right? So he took his his agency money He took his software money for example, and then he just invested into a very big addressable market Tem which is basically teeth. So everybody who has teeth, right? He can sell the snow thief whitening, right? So when you scale on ads, right? It's very very easy because everybody the ads hits is a potential customer basically, right? So there's a very mass market brought appeal for example So the the way he runs his company, right? Everything is bootstrapped where he actually run He runs the ads he media buys at the start right there afterwards. He delegates to other people. So in a sense He's actually performance marketing He's a media buying visa, right? He understands alv and LTV and because he ran ads in before for other beauty brands before right? So he knows what to do already. It's just now. He's just executing on that vision Okay, another thing is that because he is a software guy at first So he learned the CSS JavaScript HTML, right? And so he was building websites He was building products for his own customers and if you know anybody anything about software people Software people are very very product-driven, right? Econ people, right? Econ people are just like scale ads, boom, boom, boom, boom, boom, right? And then software people, they're very, how do I say this? I won't say versatile but like they're very systematic. They're very systematic They know what it is and they customer experience, right? It's basically the number one thing So if you can build a product that is good, it's good enough for the market, for example He they obsess about that. That's why if you see Josh How he sells his snow thief whitening stuff, right? The packaging is like perfect Everything's about like it's basically like an iPhone, right? Everything is perfect Everything is meant to be premium and that's why if you build a premium product You can charge a premium price That's why if you see the price point is like 197, 99, 399, for example It's basically going up market and giving clana and then also giving afterpay, for example So that there's payment processing terms, for example, right? So you got extremely extremely good product, right? Then you got a very strong entrepreneur who is from a meat buying background, basically, right? And you combine two together and that's why you can get a 9 figure company that scales like that And not only that, Josh is like very very nice human being shares a lot, right? So that their personal brand side also pushes him as well, right? So then another thing is also the way he uses influences So he has like Kylie Jenner. He has like, um, is it noisy Drake? Yeah, basically you got very very big type of Floyd Mayweather, for example, right? Those guys, those celebrities, right? Then he takes those pages. Oh, yeah, Amanda Cerny Instagram, for example He takes those pages, right? He takes the audience 16 million people, right?  And so if you have that crazy meat buying background where you know how to run ads and destroy people, right? Then you can bring them, bring that skill set and then you put them into people who have audiences already. Oh, yeah, Ellen DeGeneres, for example. Ellen has around 30, 40 million people on Instagram, right? So from a pure marketing standpoint, right? Their cost acquisition is so much lower than other people purely because you build them up from micro influencer all the way to that big influencer. And then those micro influencer, right? The custom audience is so so big that every time you're hitting the ads, right? It's just warm traffic, right? And that's why they probably scale a lot better than a lot of other brands per se. And also because there's a face to the brand, right? For example, other companies like, I don't know, Manscape, for example, right? I don't, we don't really know who the founder is, but people know Josh, right? Especially, you know, he's an influencer himself. He's like 900k followers himself, right? So people know the brand, they trust him, they trust the product. He talks about the product, you know? And then plus, so product fit people like the thing, extremely strong media buying and marketing, and then extremely good founder. So you see these three things going on. And that's why it is like, if you think about it, it's like, if you want to compete, right? In the marketplace, and if you're running e-com brand yourself, right? Then you need to be just as good as what that person is doing to actually become them. And so, for example, for me, right? I can objectively look at Josh and then say that, yeah, that guy is definitely smarter than me, right? If you see the way he talks, right? Let me just share a few of the business model per se. So the business model is like the front end. The front end is that, that deep whitening stuff. Okay, and then on the back, right? They sell toothpaste. So if you know toothpaste is recurring, so you got the LTV extraction already. So front end, people like teeth whitening, everything about teeth, right? Then they sell them that. And then at the back, right? They have like some dental insurance thing. So it's crazy because the funnel, right? It's like three, four stages down the line versus other people, right? Or they only have like one funnel, you can monetize there. And so if this thing doesn't convert on your front end, right? You're basically screwed. Okay, and that is why I think Josh know is like a big baller, right? He's like, seriously, he's bootstrapped everything. He's basically the perfect guy and usual model after basically, okay?  I go and watch interviews of him, for example. And then how he talks, the way he positions the business and stuff like that. And not only that, right? He's not only running one company, he has a financial services company as well. So he's actually doing multiple things and still juggling this and still growing the brand, for example. And now I'm, you know, 1000% sure, right? You will see that snow valuation surely be like in the multi-billion dollars because like Colgate, you know, PNG, those D2C guys, right? They're the big boys, right? They're looking at snow and like, okay, how can we acquire this thing? Or if it goes public, for example, how can we buy this thing, for example? Right? So snow has the customer base of so, so many people as well, very strong at performance marketing. Every omnichannel, you hear him say, he goes to Snapchat, Snapchat, TikTok, Facebook, Google, everything, right? They run on basically every single channel, or email, SMS, Amazon recently, right? And so in terms of omnichannel, they're the ultimate people.  You can't even compete in the same space. You, like there's, then the number two guy is probably like high-smile, right? And people don't really know high-smile, they know snow, for example. Okay, so if you think about it, right? Just look at, look at his business, look at what other people are doing, and then just like see what you can take from them because the way he positions everything is just insane. And I think he's extremely smart. Yeah, okay? Hopefully useful for you. Yeah.


Good morning, everyone. Happy Monday. Today is the day. I'm going to Seattle today. I haven't been on an airplane in a while, so I'm a little bit nervous. I'm not like one of those people that's scared of airplanes, but I definitely get like more nervous when I get on them for various reasons, but anyways, we're gonna skip all that. So I have my bags all packed and I know that looks like a lot of stuff, but really... Oh, by the way, it's 6 a.m. I am up before the baby so that I could get everything ready to go.   So anyway, this one isn't super duper full. I ended up putting like all my liquids in there just got rid of them so I don't have to deal with it. And then this is just my backpack. So this will be like my purse. It sounds like my laptop, all my electronical cords, my camera, everything, whatever. So I'll be taking, I'll be carrying this one and this one on the plane. The reason I'm carrying this one on, even though it's bigger, is because it rolls. And I don't have to carry that around. And then I have Cash's diaper bag, which is sitting here ready to be packed into the car to go to the babysitters. He also has another bag with his docota and stuff in it. So that's everything I'm taking with me. The flight today leaves at, we'll be bored at 9.50, and we leave at 10.30. We will get to Seattle at 1.30, and then I think we're going on a duck tour. I think the group that I'm, because I'm going with a group of teachers from my new school, my new principal, my title one specialist, and just a bunch of other people that some of them I haven't met before. And I'm pretty excited. So we're going to be going on a little duck tour because we're getting there at 1.30. And then we don't have any other things to do until the morning. So I think we're going to go tour around the city. Hi, everyone. So I'm in Seattle with my roommate, Jamie. We got here hours and hours and hours ago, but I'm going to show you guys a quick little montage of everything that we did today. We went on a little duck tour and we saw the city and I didn't really do any like one to one vlogging. So I'm just going to do a little video of all the footage I took. So enjoy the scenery. The opportunity is vlogged today. Basically, we learned a lot about strategies that Avid uses, the wicker, which is writing, inquiry, collaboration, organization and reading and some strategies for that. And then I started talking about two column notes, three column notes. And then we went to Chipotle for lunch and that was crazy. There's literally thousands of people here and they were all going to lunch at the same time. So that was wild. But we're getting ready to go to the Science Center, Science Center and the Space Needle. So I might log a little bit of that and then dinner. And yeah, so we came back. We got in our cozy clothes and we took some selfies in the window. And we're getting ready to head downstairs to meet up with our group.  So if I can log, I will. I kind of want to get like some kind of camera thing to I should have brought it. I have like the things that strapped to my camera and I can put it around my neck. I should have done that. Really high up there.    Yeah, they're so light. It's part of the Disney Land. Am I allowed to have my camera out? This is my principal. Say hello to the tube. Hello tube. Bridget Jones is kind of little travel thing. I apologize for not really getting any of the convention itself. You're so busy doing all the tasks and things. So enjoy today's vlog and see you in the next one.


According to the United Nations, since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, emerging data and reports from frontliners have confirmed that all types of violence against women and girls, particularly domestic violence, has intensified. This shadow pandemic, the organization noted, is growing amidst the COVID-19 crisis. St. Lucia just over the past weekend recorded two separate incidents of gender-based violence. Considered for education, innovation, gender relations, and sustainable development, Honourable Dr. Gil Rigabet, speaking on the ECU call for collective effort to put an end to gender-based violence, she added that the ministry has been doing its part to fight the looming pandemic. Through the Department of Gender Relations and other agencies, the government has made strides in ensuring that there are support mechanisms for victims of rape and other forms of gender-based violence, including the Hotline, the 202 Hotline. We are an agency that works in collaboration with other agencies, other system ministries, to eliminate gender-based violence. We in collaboration with other stakeholders have all intensified efforts at strengthening St. Lucia's response to gender-based violence through, for example, the provision of the essential services program for women and girls subject to violence, which is evolving very nicely thanks to multiple stakeholder involvement and participation. The ministry Honourable Dr. Rigabet explained has also done extensive work over the past two years through technical assistance from sisters for change through agencies, including the Department of External Affairs and the Ministry of Equity, Social Justice, Local Government and Empowerment, and the Quality Justice Alliance Initiative to strengthen legislation for domestic violence. The process towards the enactment of a very progressive piece of legislation that more broadly defines domestic violence and provides redress for a wider range of victims is currently in an advanced stage of review. A comprehensive public education campaign will follow immediately after the passage of this bill. We are in the process of refining the strategy to end gender-based violence within the context of new gender equality policy and strategy for St. Lucia. The division, along with other stakeholders, through technical support from UN agencies, United Nations agencies such as UN Women and UNFPA have developed a draft gender-based violence referral pathway for St. Lucia. It is expected that through this mechanism we can assist other agencies such as NGOs and CSOs who lend support to victims of gender-based violence and to do so more effectively and efficiently. Honourable Dr. Rigabert also indicated due to the assistance of the Canadian Government, the Government of St. Lucia will be refurbishing the Women's Support Centre. Upon completion, the Centre will be able to better meet the needs of victims as an increased capacity is expected, along with the ability to provide psychosocial support to eligible women subject to intimate partner violence and their minor children to name a few.


One of the best signs to know that you're not taking enough action in your life is if you find yourself thinking What does that mean if you find yourself in your head Thinking oh, I'm better than this guy. This guy's less better than me What I think about this.  Like how can you like when's the point when you're like? Okay, I'm done with my day you know and maybe relaxation is part of it, but The people who are the most in their head the people who think the most have the most opinions You know who know the most are always the people that don't take action Why because they have time to think about this and about that and I think this I think that so This is a real really good indication for you That you could be taking more action If you have time to indulge in negativity You're not taking enough action If you have time to indulge in criticism You're not taking enough action and I mean criticizing you or somebody else Fuck it Just take more action for me That's right down your goals Why do you want to achieve in life and not just the things that you'll want to accomplish now?  Start extracting habits from these goals daily goals How could you have enough time in the day? How could you have enough time in the day to accomplish all your goals? It doesn't even make sense Now again, I'm not saying don't rest You have to rest a bit here and a bit there, but come on How could you finish your day at four or five or six or seven or eight and say okay? I'm done.   Come on, you're not getting those days back, you know the day is over Like oh, yeah, I got my my little rest in I feel rested.     Okay for me. Let me know if you need help. I'm out


Internal Revenue Service IRS tax news. Taxpayers in declared disaster areas have more time to file tax returns to get COVID penalty relief. COVID relief? I'm not afraid of COVID at this point. I don't need no stinking COVID relief. Dang, government employees use COVID relief to do whatever they want. I swear. Well, the COVID party is over now, people. I need some like child relief or something by sending these kids back to school for good this time. And IRS, perhaps you could process some of my tax returns and like start answering the phone over there or something. COVID relief. Honestly, it's just a fancy term for government union members going on vacation and like the Bahamas or something. The last thing this country needs is more of this government quote COVID relief and quote whatever. Dang, government and their euphemisms. But first a joke. The Twitter cancel mob has been fired. No way that just happened. But at least they haven't been canceled. Why wouldn't they? I'm picking up your sarcasm. The public would like nothing more than to hear their story. Well, I should hope so because I'm laying it on pretty thick. Possibly including videos of a lot of sad Twitter mob members pouting their way out the building carrying a box full of yoga mats and frappe coffee cups. I swear I've seen a lot of stuff in my life, but that was awesome. But sorry about your car, man.  Those being their vital work utensils. Exclaiming to the heavens. It's not fair. Instead of getting paid the next time I do yoga and then drink espresso mochitos for six hours, I may actually have to pay for it. Like some peon. Three points each at lunchtime. Sorry. Time is an illusion. Lunchtime, doubly so. They're like, that's no way for a Twitter mobber to live, man. Can we put your ego aside for a minute? Something important has happened.  Hey, I mean I've interviewed with like five other job locations and not one of them even have a foosball table. Thank you all to know I'm feeling very depressed. Well, we have something that should take your mind off things. It won't work. I have an exceptionally large mind. Like how do these employers expect you to wind down after morning meditation work? Life. Don't talk to me about life. I told one potential employer they better buy a foosball table or I'll stick the Twitter mob after him by calling him a hate-filled anti-fuser. You're ambitious, sir, I don't know. But you'd be better off selling ladies undergarments than Hamster did. I don't think anyone even knows what an anti-fuser is. I just made it up, but it sounds bad, doesn't it? I like, in the good old days, I could have gotten your average CEO fired by inciting the Twitter mob on him. Just calling him something like an anti-fuser or something like that. Many nights I put a blade to your throat while you were sleeping.  But this guy just laughed at me as if he was in charge or something. Can you believe that? Mr. Dent, have you any idea how much damage this bulldozer would suffer? But just let it roll straight over you. None at all. I've never seen a CEO act in such an entitled way. Top of the mornin', dear girls. Break the whirlwind, Sheriff Brady. Break it. COVID tax tip 2022-167, November 1st, 2022. Taxpayers in areas covered by certain federal emergency management agency disaster declarations may have more time to file their returns to qualify for penalty relief. There's a link to that under notice 2022-36. There's a link to that for their 2019 and 2020 tax returns. Notice 2022-36 states penalties for late filing certain tax returns and for not reporting certain required information on form 1065 or form 1120s are waived or stopped if the relevant return was filed on or before September 30th, 2022. Taxpayers who reside or have a business in recently declared FEMA disaster areas have more time to file the return to get this relief. Postponed deadlines. Areas with a deadline of November 15th, 2022 include counties in Missouri. There's a link to that here. Identified under FEMA's major disaster declaration 4665. Counties in Kentucky. There's a link to that here if you want more detail on that. Identified under FEMA's major disaster declaration 4633. The island of St. Crookes. There's a link to that here in the US Virgin Islands. Members of the tribal nations. There's a link to that here of the Salt River, Pima, Maricopa, Indian community. Areas with a deadline of February 15th, 2023 include Florida. There's a link to that here. Puerto Rico. There's a link to that. North Carolina. South Carolina. There's links to them here. Areas in Alaska. A link to that here. Identified under FEMA's major disaster declaration 4672. Hines County. Mississippi as well. And there's a link to Mississippi here too. So the relief applies to the failure to file penalty with a typically assessed at a rate of 5% per month up to 25% of the unpaid tax when a federal income tax return is filed late. This relief applies to forms in both the 1040 and 1120 series as well as others listed in notice 2022-36. Unlike the failure to file penalty, the failure to pay penalty and interest will still apply to any unpaid tax. The failure to pay penalty is normally 0.5% per month up to 25%. The interest rate is currently 6% compounded daily. There's a link to the interest right here. Some tax returns are not eligible. So penalty relief is not available in all situations such as where a fraudulent return was filed. So obviously frauds in case where the penalties are part of an accepted offer in compromise or a closing agreement or where the penalties were finally determined by a court for complete details. Taxpayers should read notice 2022-36 available on irs.gov. Other penalties such as failure to pay penalty are not eligible. However, taxpayers may use existing penalty relief procedures for penalties not eligible under notice 2022-36. More information about existing procedures is available on the penalty relief page of irs.gov. There's a link to that here. This relief does not apply to 2021 returns. Taxpayers should visit disaster relief page. There's a link to that here of irs.gov. For more information about tax year 2021.


Hi, I'm Ken Havens with ARM, showing you today the Kyle Microcontroller Development Tools. Today we're going to be digging into a little bit deeper debug capabilities within the tool. So today I'm just showing you a Cortex-M4 based SDM32F400 board with our U-Link debugger, U-Link Pro debugger, and showing that within our IDE and debug. So it's very simple to enable this. Once you just enable the event recorder in the screen, once you do that, a very simple code segment that you add to it. You run the initialization in the main, then after that you just add a very simple event recorder. This throws it into a buffer. Now the Cortex-M4 grabs some, is a very unique device in that it can access memory without just interrupting the core and very non-invasive approach. So let's do a quick debug in this. I've already compiled it. And once I run it, you'll see the events pop up in this window over here. So there it shows the different things taking just a simple ADD example. I tweak the ADD and you'll see the values change back and forth. This can be used for a lot of different applications, not only for a very simple thing like seeing what your ADD converter is, but also showing you what, maybe a protocol stack and showing you your progression through the protocols, getting your DHCP, your IP address from your DHCP controller, and that kind of stuff. So it's a very useful tool for capturing things that take seconds, not necessarily milliseconds or microseconds, but seconds. So those long-term things, it makes it hard to see and ATM trace information allows you to see it as it progresses through your code. If you have any other questions, go to www.kyl.com and we look forward to hearing from you soon.


The ocean and atmospheric climate and this is true climate and remember climate is the integration of weather over at least 25 to 30 years So if you can see trends over that kind of time interval, you've got real climate change just as an aside So we're now talking about data sets that go thousands of years to tens of thousands of years and in that time interval we talk about Milankovic cyclicity Now Milan Milankovic was a mathematician. He identified orbital cycles that show what happens with the Earth's tilt and how it sort of wobbles like a like a top and that's called precession and that's a 20,000 years cycle how much it leans on its axis and that's a 40,000 year cycle and that's a liquidy and Then eccentricity is how circular the Earth's orbit it so it goes from a circle to an ellipse and that's a roughly a hundred thousand year cycle and So people like me that do paleo-synography Data very very strongly Reflects those cycles because they're really really big changes and you know sea level changes by 120 meters from just 25,000 years ago the sea level was down that far and There was kilometers of ice over North America and Northern Europe all the way down to New York City New York City has glacial striations in Central Park which Indicate there was kilometers of ice there right that was sort of the end of it You have that kind of real dramatic changes in climate over these thousands of years time scale


It did go really smooth. She did really well. You did a great job. My wife did a great job. And what is up guys, welcome back to the John Q channel. It's been a while only because we have a brand new member in the family and she's right here. So, first I gotta ask her if she's okay with photography. I had a line. Are you okay if we, over good? Okay, she said we're good. Let's go meet her. And there she is. That is the brand new, the brand new little baby. She's got a shower. A little bath. A little sponge bath. A little sponge bath. This girl killed it. Good job. Thank you. Oh, careful there. Can you walk there? Hey, this is Adeline Mae Kiddarte. How's it going baby girl? Look at this, all this pink. Look at this pink. Look at all that pink. All this pink here. So much pink. I'm gonna brush her hair. So I'm gonna put some of the parts that I filmed on my phone in this video. How do you feel about that? I don't like that. Just how about just a couple of parts? Show, like do it and show me. We'll talk about it when you have like some of it put together. Okay, so this next part is the part of the video where I... I went into labor really quick. Like really quick. We barely made it to the house. And I didn't bring my camera, but I brought my phone and I filmed some on my phone. It didn't go as planned. It did not go as planned. But everybody's safe, everybody's happy. So the things that you're about to see are the approved portions that I'm about to show you of what I took leading up to the birth of Adeline. So with that being said, please enjoy these next few videos of horror and terror. They're not that bad, but... Market Street. Yep, I know Market Street. Ah. Oh my God. Oh no, no. We're getting closer. We're getting closer to the hospital. Oh my God, oh my God. I don't worry yet. I just don't know. Right here. Ah! Okay, here we go. Knocked out. What's that? Do you see the baby? Okay, great. For all those who don't know, Sarah went in around two in the morning. I don't think it was two. Was it three? I think we got there around three and then she was born at 3.53. So we got there around three in the morning, okay? And then Sarah had a baby at 3.53 AM. So this is on May 2nd. So 53 minutes went by and in those 53 minutes... I don't even think it was a full 50 minutes, honestly. It was just brutal. Basically, we weren't looking at a clock. Oh, it was about 53 minutes. 53 minutes she was born, but she was pushing at like 3.30, 3.40. No, I pushed, there was two contractions. I did like a half push and then I asked my wife, I was like, can I really push? And she said yes. And then so when I really tried, it was like one and a half pushes and she was out. It was really quick, but leading up to that point, it was pretty brutal and it was really fast because this is our second child. And they say it's faster with your second child, right? Nobody said this fast though. We had a baby. Our second baby. And Ethan's sleeping right now, but... She's a week old today. She's a one week old, one week old today. So May 2nd, she was born and it's May 9th. So yeah, one week later and she's here. Happy birthday to me. Happy birthday to Sarah. Yeah, it's your birthday. It's already been so crazy, which is, it's fine, but it's fun. And we don't sleep. We don't sleep. We just, we mad, we don't, yeah. What's sleep? You guys can sleep all you want. We don't believe in sleep. Okay, and that's the reason why we haven't built any more content. But after this video, more content will come to the channel. It's got the little baby noises. All right guys, I'm gonna go hang out with the birthday girl and the little girl and I'll catch you next time on the Johnny Q channel. Peace, peace. Also, do you like this necklace? I like it. Do you like it? Do you like this?


Think Tech Hawaii, civil engagement lives here. Aloha, this is Matt Darnell. I'm here joined with Greg Jackson, our lovely co-host. Greg, hello. How you doing? And we are here to support your tech. We're with Comtel here, and we are supporting your tech. Today we're going to be talking about switches, network switches that you have that is kind of the glue for your whole network. So we'll be doing that in the second half of the show. But we'll start off as always. We're going to talk about what we have with our current event. So the first thing we have... Wait a second. Yeah. What about your trip? I was gone last week. Yeah. Tell me about your trip. Did you notice? Barely. Barely, right? I'm forgettable. I'm easy to miss. All those kinds of things. So yeah, I was actually in Europe. I went to my cousin's wedding down near Sicily. So it was really... It was different. Some things hit you immediately. The very first night we were there trying to get to our hotel room, and he said it's on the first floor. So we walked around for five minutes on the first floor trying to find... But the floor is zero. I mean, they're programmers. Programmers always start programming zero. You don't start at one, you start at zero. So the ground level is zero. Okay. And then they finally... I was embarrassed. Where's our room? We cannot find our room. He goes, oh, it's on the first floor. So after about two minutes of language kind of difficulty, figured out that the first floor was the floor above the ground level. And then you go to the parking lot underground. It's got zero, one, two, three, four going up and going down is zero, negative one, negative two, negative three, right? I guess if you're in the metric system, you keep everything... How do you skip zero? Right? That kind of thing. No B1. Parking you one, parking two. No, there's no concept of that. I noticed the calls are different when you were calling in too, when we try to chat. So internet's awesome, not awesome? That was one surprising thing that was that in every hotel we went to, you could get a strong Wi-Fi signal, but the throughput was not very high. So all kind of connection issues. And I use T-Mobile. And with T-Mobile, in most European countries, you get free texting, which is nice, and 2G data, which for web browsing is painful. I don't know how we lived through those kinds of speeds, but I was able to use what's called a soft phone, which is kind of like Skype, but for business that I was able to use on my phone, on the 2G. And so I just use the data plan there, and I connected back to our servers here in Hawaii. Those are the good calls. Those are the good calls, yeah. Interesting. I would get on the Wi-Fi, thinking, oh, that's going to be a better call. And I'd have connection issues. And I would get off the Wi-Fi, over onto the 2G, and it worked well. So for sure, if you're ever doing any kind of traveling or anything like that, definitely something that you want to do research on. The best way to connect, the best way to get back. Or happy to have you back, man. It's good to be back. Italy's great. I'm Italian, and that type of thing. But there's nothing like sleeping in your own bed. Nothing like those kind of things. And yeah, it was 24 hours of flights. And it makes me, you know, that round the world in 80 days, that used to be a challenge. I mean, can you imagine traveling? I mean, that really was the far east. I mean, when you went to the far east, that was far away. And I remind, my boys are complaining about a 10-hour flight, you know, 11 hours from Frankfurt to Los Angeles.  It took to get from one end of the country to the other. And then maybe you'd make it over, you know, the Rockies. You know, that type of thing. So yeah, so anyway, it was a great trip. Good fun. I have some tech stories and some pictures, but we'll save that for a none. I'm looking forward to it. Yeah, absolutely. But yeah, so Atari, it's all new people. Is that the blow in the cartridge out thing? Exactly, exactly. Yeah, and having to do that banging against your hand. And we used to take our controllers apart and have to, you know, loop them up and those kind of things. But it's going to let you do that. They raised almost $3 million on Indiegogo. That's 2,979% above their goal of what they were looking to get and have that there. So it's fantastic. You have like a hundred classic games. So you think it's like an emulator running on some hardware? I'm sure. I'm sure. It's probably using open source, the main emulator or anything like that. And you can do that on a Raspberry Pi now. I always tell myself, once I get rid of the kids, I'm going to build an old school console cabinet, you know. And stand up and play with it. Literally. I mean, my two favorite games are Miss Pac-Man and Gallagher. Gallagher is a winner. Oh, absolutely. Absolutely. Have that kind of thing. But there's going to be new and exclusive game tiles. They're going to download.  You'll be able to do that. Hopefully the show. Absolutely. Yeah, absolutely. But, you know, if you like Fortnite or, you know, PUBG or whatever the kids are doing this way. And then the controller is going to be Bluetooth. Awesome. But they're going to have an adapter. So if you want to use your old school controller, you'll be able to do that. I mean, one joystick. One joystick has the juice to do it. One button. You think there's enough throughput on Bluetooth to make it responsive? I don't know. You can go eight directions in one button. I'm a little picky with my responsiveness. That's a lot of data. Yeah. I mean, that's almost two bits right there. Anyway, it's going to be released in March, mid 2019. Awesome. Yeah. I will definitely be looking at that for sure. Then I was thinking about tech conferences. And the end point was, are they worth it? In today's world, do you need to go to a tech conference? Us in Hawaii. It's a long time to get to, you know, long time. It's a six-hour flight, right, from Honolulu to to McCarron in Las Vegas. But is that important?  I mean, I think the only reason to go to a tech conference is to meet people. Yeah. Right? It's not about the vendor. It's not about that. But we used to use that to connect to people. Breakout sessions. Absolutely. We're going to have that there. And it's... We saw that with Comtex. I mean, that thing died years ago. Absolutely. And that CES is not as far beyond a computer like me. It's everything, consume electronics and have that. And when those... And I understand. I mean, there's very little benefit for a CEO to get up there and be adventuresome. Their words are picked so clearly, so cleanly, so specifically. And the penalty for saying the wrong thing far outweighs the benefit you can get by saying the right thing. Yeah. They're just toe the road, middle of the line. Nothing controversial. Nothing at all. So I think you can learn more by reading the articles, all the YouTube streams, all that from going to conferences. I think the only reason to go to conferences, in my opinion, would be to meet people. You're trying to network and that type of thing. So I do think conferences are going the way the dodo bird. They'll all be streamed. Yeah. Maybe eventually we have drones. We can just rent a drone and the drone goes through all the conferences. Absolutely. Yeah. You just have your autonomous robot and it's going to find the important things for you. But yeah. And this is something I thought was interesting. Anytime a Tesla car crashes, it could be a fender bender or anything. That's front page news on all the websites. Is that fair? I mean, is that... I know it's new, but I mean, does that interest you when you read that a Tesla autopilot crashed? Well, I think for me what I'm interested in is how's it going to affect me or my kids? So I'm interested in the stats. The onesies and twosies, I mean, the pictures say a lot, right? You know, this could be you in the car or this could be you between, you know, the wall on the car. So I'm interested in how we need a way to successfully progress without risking lives.  So they get paid to, when you see pictures like we're showing now, that speaks volumes, right? So I think there's value in it and you get some excitement over it, but I think really for me it's understanding how it's going to affect me. I really wish they'd do more testing where there's no people, but maybe they've passed that and now we're in the human experimental stage. Human experimental, right? This is not shampoo. This is not shampoo where we're going to experiment. And like, we drove all around Italy through Rome and it was scary sometimes.  I mean, there's a bus coming on the other side, you know, two feet to your right. There's a cliff, you know, to take you down there. And even in the towns, you know, all the lane dividers, those are suggestions. And they're not even strong suggestions.  You get four cars sideways and then two scooters in between. How in the world? And then it'll go from five lanes down to three with zero, you know, buffer. It doesn't go down. It just, two lanes disappear out of nowhere.  Well, the claim is they're going to do it better than a human. The road is complete. And that's what they're good at, you know. But when there's things that are just confusing, you know, like there was one stretch on the autobahn we drove from Munich down to Slovenia, where for about three miles or five kilometers, you know. There you go. Yeah, exactly. There were no lanes on the road. Okay. They had just repaved and there's no lanes. So just stay to the left? Just do what you can. I mean, be smart, right? You know, and keep space from the other cars. So anyway, so I do think it, so to me, I'm not interested. I think it's kind of unfair that they get, I mean, it's such a huge thing that anytime there's an autopilot crash, they have that. I was reading Tesla's, you know, when you had to hit OK, you know, this says autopilot is designed for use on highways that have a center divider and clear lane markings. So they're expecting the driver to qualify the scenario in which you engage it. Exactly. Interesting. Right, yeah. So anyway, so I thought that was kind of thing. Now, here's the kind, this kind of relates to what you folks were talking about last week. And by the way, I think I did a great job last week. Oh, thanks. Yourself and Mr. Michael Fry is they have these smart toothbrushes now that will connect to your phone and they'll let you know about your positioning.  Are you pushing too hard on, against your gums? It'll count your strokes. Keep track of the minutes so you can have competitions with your friend who brushes the longest. Have you ever seen the movie Uncle Buck? One of the funniest things, and that's by John Canning. It's a classic. You should definitely see it. He's babysitting his one niece and nephew and he said, did you brush your teeth? They go, yeah, yeah, yeah. And he goes, I have a friend in the crime lab who can tell if you really brushed your teeth or if you just got them wet. And so this is like true. Now, you can go ahead and do that. So it's amazing. So this one is very interesting to me. I'm in the middle of reading a book called The Power of Habit. And in the book, they talk about how we came to start brushing our teeth more. And the concept is that if you brush your teeth, they wanted to equate kind of a result. If you brush your teeth, you use this toothpaste and the book explains the scenario where the toothpaste creates a foam. That foam gives you the idea that your teeth are going to be brighter and whiter. And this is an interest to you? Yeah, well, hold on. Yes, it is. OK, all right, all right. I'm assuming you're going somewhere. Yeah, I'm getting there. OK. So the point, the way, all this came up because they were trying to sell more toothpaste. How do you get people to brush their teeth? Wash, rinse, repeat. Yeah, well, why? I'm still in the shower. But why? But there's kids.  Why? I've got great teeth. Who cares? So you need to attach some kind of result. And in between the result and creating the habit, you have to have some feedback. There's a feedback loop. And part of that is the foam and the feeling and the minty fresh. But they proved that physically there's no difference between wiping your teeth with a paper towel and brushing with a good toothpaste. But because they gave that feedback, it engaged the person brushing their teeth, gave them a sense of completion and a sense that they were getting their teeth clean. So what you said is very interesting because now if you're going to have competitions, you're going to log it, you're engaging the person brushing it, you literally could increase people brushing their teeth just by satisfying and creating a habit. There's magic that happens in that habit process. Well, and the hard part is, if I don't brush my teeth today, beside my breath stinking, what is the cause of that? Yeah. Anyway, so I just thought that was interesting.  But it makes sense, have comp, who brushes longest and who does this and have that. So, okay, well, again, my name is Matt Darnell with comp. I'm here with Greg Jackson. We are supporting your tech. Right after the break, we're going to come back and talk to you about network switches. Hello. One in three teens who smoke will lose years of these moments. It's your life. Don't miss a thing. Hello, I'm Dave Stevens, host of the Cyber Underground. This is where we discuss everything that relates to computers.  So come join us every week here on thinktecawaii.com, 1 p.m. on Friday afternoons. And then you can go see all our episodes on YouTube. Just look up the Cyber Underground on YouTube. All our shows will show up. And please follow us. We're always giving you current, relevant information to protect you. Keeping you safe. Aloha. Aloha. This again, this is Matt Darnell. We're supporting your tech here with Greg Jackson. We're both with Comptile.Cloud, and we're here to talk to you a little bit about small business networking. And the center part of any network that you have is your Ethernet switch. And if we can switch to the diagram here. In our past episodes, we've already talked about our internet connection.  And we've talked about this router here, this router part here, and in a small business network, the router and firewall are all one thing. They're all in one package. And larger in enterprise, you'll have, those will be two separate devices. You'll have one, a router that literally routes traffic like an operator would. Or, and there's something else that does your firewall. So we've actually talked about those two pieces. And now what we're talking about are these two things right here, these switches. Now they are, as I mentioned, they are the center of your network. And you'll notice also, there are these also the wireless and that is another way to connect. But not as reliable and most people like the plug-in connection. So these switches here are the backbone of your network. And they come in a lot of different flavors, a lot of different colors, shape sizes, price points for that. And a couple of things that you want to know. As you'll notice here, the internet connection comes in from the internet provider. It could be Comcast. It could be cable, DSL, and then goes to the router. And then this, this leg right here connects in all of these different devices. So they're all connected through this one switch. Now in this topology we can see that this other switch here is connected back through there. So for this desktop here to get out to the world it's going to be wired to this switch. Then it's going to go through this switch. Then out through the router. This connection right here between the two switches we call that daisy chaining. So you daisy chain the two switches. And probably the worst thing that a lot of businesses do, let me go ahead and start over here, is they will do multiple. And so off of this switch they'll have a cable that goes to another switch. And then that might go to a computer. And then they've got another cable over here that goes to this and then this computer is there. Oh, we have one more. And then I've got another computer. So they'll just daisy chain them. So this computer to get to the world it's got to come through this switch, and they're going to get out and like that. Imagine troubleshooting that. Absolutely. So it works great when you first plug it in but the first time you have trouble because if this computer here has trouble then I've got to worry about this switch, this switch, this switch, this switch, all the connections in between. And a lot can go wrong. The majority of times when that will happen is they'll have an office maybe and there's one connection here for this computer. Now this office used to be the CEO so it's a huge office but now CEO changed offices so there's five people in that room. So what's the easiest way to connect five computers off of this one cable? Another switch. Absolutely. Just throw in another switch. And you go down to Best Buy, you buy a switch and now I can hang all of these computers off of that one switch. So generally that will work. I mean, it's not going to come to a screeching halt type of thing but again long term that's not the way that you want to do it. It's quick, it's easy and I'll see if people want to bring a network scan or a printer or a little thing like their old credit card swipe machine used to use a phone line but now it connects to the network so they've got to go ahead and do that. So that's the number one mistake when I walk into a small business I look and see how many switches do you have and the problem is this switch is underneath Susie's desk and Susie left and now it's Jack and then Jack left and Tom was there and now and no one knows it's there so all of a sudden there's a problem and well I don't know what's where so in an unmanaged network you just plug things all in you can't keep track and you have problems there so that's the number one thing in a perfect scenario what we want to have is everything go back to one maybe two, we want these two switches right next to each other because the biggest switch that you will find most case is going to have 48 ports in it so that gives you maybe 47, 46 usable ports and so I can connect 47 devices into there and then if I have 100 devices or I have more devices than that I need to buy another switch so that's why I would connect both of these in the same closet in the same room and have all my cables go back to to one place there so we're going to talk a little bit more about cables for the show but yeah so if you go to your office and you see a lot of switches especially if they're small little 5 ports they have 5 poopoocas in them and they look like they're home use or sitting on the floor somewhere exactly it probably works today but in the future that's definitely going to be a problem I think some people don't realize especially small business owners may not appreciate that when you have a room that's not working or people are not working that one little switch not managing this how much are you paying those people not to work and so troubleshooting wait for your IT guy to show up and troubleshoot it maybe you put in a ticket maybe you call your vendor all that stuff takes time so investing up front hopefully talk a little bit about cabling why should I spend when I can go out and buy a $50 switch why should I spend hundreds of dollars more on cabling but some people might be asking the difference between switch and router how would you explain that because you tend to see both right routers have switches in them and some routers will have that built in where this router here and just by this one picture here this would be one of those types of routers here so we have one connection here and if you look at the back of your router a lot of time that's called WAN which is our wide area network really legacy terms for that we have the WAN and then we have some LAN ports LAN is our local area network and you can think of LAN as being private protected that type of thing so these three connections here coming off the router will be our LAN ports so built into this one device there is a switch that allows us to connect multiple ports into that they're not the same they're different they're just one piece of hardware and you can use and not use the router portion and just use the LAN portion the switch portion built built into there absolutely so you'll see that in a lot of micro offices whether they have maybe four or five computers they have one device for everything but then again the problem is once they add that 6th computer, 7th computer they start daisy-chain stacking these $50 switches and you go to Amazon you can get a gigabit switch for $20 from a reputable manufacturer so that's the number one problem when I'm troubleshooting a client network and they say they're having problems and it's not always sometimes and I look at the switches and they're all over and this cable as people are stepping on it and it's like I'm surprised you don't have more problems when we look at the state of your network you have to have a real heart to heart with them how important is your data network and if they say it's very important then you ask them how much money are you willing to invest into your data network because with that any switch you buy today should be a gigabit at a minimum don't buy and the way that you'll see that is it might say like 10-100 if that's all it says move on it should be at a minimum 10-100-1000 and the 1000 is the gigabit even if your computers don't have gigabit ports you want that central core that switch you got all these 100 megabits connecting to it and you want the ports to be hefty and you want the backplane to be good absolutely, absolutely so the speed you definitely want is gigabit and have that now advanced features that you might see on a switch things you might 802.11 802.1Q Q, there's N exactly but VLANs and those types of things is okay with that if you just have one switch meaning everything comes in to what I have and I've got a router and then everything's plugged into one switch a modern switch you'd be very hard to saturate if you had every port plugged in there with all the different computers and printers and it would be very, very difficult to saturate what we call the backplane and what the part that connects all of the individual ports together there very difficult to have that there now another piece of advice is if anything if you look at everybody go and look at your switches if anything says hub on them HUB get rid of it today we don't need to go into why that is but if anything says hub we definitely don't want to have that there are some times we troubleshoot with hubs but in a general use business case hub is no no exactly you want to do a wire capture kind of thing and then as far as support goes so there are three types of administration that we find and the words you might see one is unmanaged and that means you can't control anything everything it's just we call it a dumb switch it's unmanaged all it does is forward traffic to all the different things then we have web managed and the next step up which allows me to have a web console and I can go in there smart switch, web managed switch and then there's managed and the easiest way that I find to do a real quick assessment if it's a fully managed or like web managed is if it has a serial port on it that means that's a higher end switch and most businesses don't need that kind of technology if you're an enterprise or you have a hundred users or three locations or you're on three different floors you probably need a fully managed switch and I think what's really important since we are in the phone business one of the things that we typically ask our customers is you may have to get a smart switch if you want to manage your phone traffic if you want to do priority so hopefully that was a help for you about switches and the very key important part of your network don't daisy chain those switches do the cabling, do yourself a long term favor it'll save you a lot of time so I want to thank Greg Jackson again I'm glad to be back and this is Matt Darnell, we're supporting your tech Aloha