Good morning everyone. My name is Bokat. Bokat Tolks from the company Siemens and I'm working there in the in-house Consulting group as a coach and consultant Last year Henry from the program team of this conference asked me if I would like to give a call on a presentation in this business agility track and my first reaction was Why me? Why Siemens? There are so many cool companies in the world agile companies like spotify, Salando, WL gore Swordworks many others. They have all the cool success stories. They can share and We can learn from them, but after some time of reflection I agreed to talk today about our ongoing transformation at Siemens just Because I think it's a typical example of a traditional company that is struggling and is striving for business agility So it's a kind of case study. I can share with you my experience and if this meets your expectation You are right here in this room. So let me start with a question Who a few works in a company that is large and has been in business for many years So large in the sense of 5,000 people many years like 30 years. Okay, that's good I think our companies have several things in common when it comes to a child or digital transformation, however you want to call it large traditional companies have specific challenges in their transformation and and Let's learn from each other. So I'm happy to share some of my observation some of my experience with you and As I've been involved in both I can share learnings from the corporate level as well as Learnings from the team and the project level with you Siemens began as a very small workshop in 1847 today, we might call it a startup over the next 170 years it grow into a large industrial company with 380,000 employees and Today we successfully build and market the wide range of Electrical and electronics related products and services to business customers so the small ceiling board has been transformed into a large container ship that is highly efficient and Perfectly adapted to the existing business environment However, we all know changes ahead of us. So we can feel it. We can see it. The business is getting tougher and So we have around us we have already seen some ships sinking and They could not cope with Changed business environment the wuka world and these kind of things So we don't want to be one of those companies that are sinking next and a few years ago the captains on our ship called for a change in direction and Now we are in the middle of the transformation a transformation from a classical industrial company of the 20th century to a Digital company of the 21st century We are sure that the ship will look very differently in 10 20 years from now and Actually, it will not be a big container ship anymore it will rather be a fleet of smaller more flexible smaller ships and As a digital company the future company will also work on new paradigms and based on lean H.I. Principles and Practices, so that's for sure if Some of or in case some of the steps on our journey appear weird to some of you it may help to Understand and to know the major constraints. We have to consider when we change direction of our journey so this are that we have Or that our processes Structures and culture have evolved over decades They have the head worked relatively well so far Another constraint is we still produce a lot of physical products products like trains automation equipment or Electrical power plants. That's something we need to consider. We have very conservative Customers or very conservative markets that we serve where our customers don't feel comfortable with the idea of Getting weekly or monthly releases or even continuous deployment strict regulations Are very common in the business areas we serve today and That needs to be considered. We have a lot of legacy systems out there with a monolithic architecture instead of having these small nice independent modules or even micro services and Our development activities are globally distributed across the world so this constraints definitely add complexity and Challenge of to distance transformation, which we are going through at the moment and companies like Spotify Have grown in a different environment. It's very different constraints So how does the transformation journey has gone so far? Early attempts to foster business agility date back to the year 2008 First software teams started to look into things like scram or lean at this time Lean was already very widespread in our production units. So people were familiar with lean. That's what this at what's good Next was going beyond team level to departments and to projects to larger projects That started to explore these new approaches Then in 2015 The journey gained speed was a company-wide initiative to upgrade our company's operating system Including the ways of working in product development And today I think we see change in many parts of the ship of the organization. So something is going on Here's another question Who works in a company that has implemented one of the popular scaling frameworks or is in the process of doing so? That's interesting. Which one? Say what to say Okay Interesting. Yeah, there has been more and more or recently there was more and more talk about scaling frameworks Not only at conferences or in conversation with consultants. You can really see it that people want simple or they want to get guidance they want to know what to do and Frameworks provide this kind of guidance to people. I also noticed the desire for guidance In when I'm talking to managers or other people Just last week or no the week before last week I got a call from a new HL enthusiast yet come back from a training and He told me that he appreciates the ideas behind scrum and you would like to use them Unfortunately in their project. They have very specific circumstances that do not allow them to apply scrum and So but he also heard about safe during this training and he was wondering If it wouldn't be better to use and to start with safe instead of scrum Just to give you some context about the project. It's a small project 20 people Several of them are only involved part-time so with 25 50 percent of the time it's a distributed team many roles and But you may guess my answer to this person my recommendation At Siemens, we have very few parts of the organization That bet on a single framework if so it is safe or less in most of the cases So but just a very few all the other business units use combinations or hybrid approaches for their scaling activities and This gives us a good opportunity to observe both experiments with and without of the shared scaling frameworks which which is interesting Unfortunately, it's still too early to draw a final conclusion on what's the better approach Maybe we can say something in one or two years. I personally think that Scaling frameworks are an excellent body of knowledge. They make a good compilation of what we learned in the previous 20 years in the H.I. Community however, I think Just using one single framework as the map of the ocean might bring you into troubled waters So that's my personal belief As long as no one else proves me to be wrong, which would be okay One more question who works in a company where the transformation was initiated and driven directly from top so from the CEO or is direct reports Wow quite a lot lucky one It's evens everything began in the engine room not on the command bridge. So The first H.I. teams used to be software development teams was who were struggling to adapt to this work WUCA environment and they couldn't cope with the new requirements challenges in a traditional way Though they looked into a scrum can one other things and unfortunately All these attempts had only very limited impact on organizational level It kind of it felt like an H.I. bubble in a larger organization an organization that is that still has traditional expectations and traditional ways of measuring success That changed when the top ranks on the ship Got involved. We had the first significant boost when the new CEO of one business unit got engaged and actively supported the transformation in his business unit by investing time and money in In addition to this active involvement, we could also identify other success factors for transformation Yes, some examples the management team came together and developed a compelling vision for this new organization and They also developed guiding principles for day-to-day decision-making they also revised their product portfolio and Put a clear focus on eight key projects. So those eight key projects Always got priority in the organization and at the same time They also served as a kind of H.I. pilot for organizational learning Then management set a time box of one year for those key projects One year time box of one year The typical project duration at this point of time was more in the range of two to three years so it was really a challenge for the teams and it forced them to Seriously think about minimal marketable product scope and to look into incremental iterative approaches Additionally they formed Unfunctional teams that received a high degree of empowerment and freedom for their decision-making and The organization also invested into coaching and communication so this was good that made a difference and In this organization, we could also reconfirm the assumption that a leader is very important for a successful transformation because when CEO took a new role and left this organization the entire transformation slowed down immediately So if you need any ideas or advice how to stop a transformation or to even put it in reverse here You can also talk to me, but please don't apply this in practice a little later Siemens started a company-wide Initiative to support a transformation from top so it brought together influential people to drive the upgrade of the company's operating system The aim was not to come up with an age-old process for the entire company The aim was rather to simply create an environment for change for the transformation Was the ultimate goal to become faster and more flexible So today we call this the Siemens development system or SDS for short and it is to foster good practice exchange leadership support and Join communication activities across the entire organization So SDS is based or integrates lean age-old principles and practices as well as Modern leadership Mindset and behavior so provide it provides recommendations, sorry Rather than guidance to the organization which was quite unusual at this point of time because People were used to the idea when there's a corporate initiative will provide more guidance more process So we frequently had to explain to people This is not a process. This is not a framework. It's not a book of recipes. It's just require recommendations so that was important and Yeah, people shell Shows their own approaches within SDS to really make it their own sustainable change. I think that's important Here are some examples of the pillars that make up the SDS this initiative So we have common principles that are inspired by lean sinking and by sort leader Mary Poppendick if we take for example focus on customer value That seems to be so obvious, but it isn't unfortunately In big companies like ours Bureaucracy leads us to spend a lot of effort on internal requests rather than real end customer requests and What's even worse? It's the fact that people are trained and teach to regard their next downstream partner as the customer and thereby they completely lose sight of The real end customer Requirements and needs and value. They only look at their next partner, which they are delivering some work to Also deliver fast and small increments. It's a paradigm change for the organization. Most of our processes encourage upfront planning and Big Bang integration with all the related challenges and problems So when we apply these principles today, we notice that Several of the decisions today are different from those of the past. So we can already notice this Then we have a couple of practices which we encourage for the organization those practices include things like fixed scope variable Sorry fixed time and variable scope it also includes the idea of An involving ranked backlog rather than the fixed comprehensive requirement specifications Which you usually have in a traditional organization. It also encourages the setup of Empowered small self-organizing teams That proves to be particularly difficult in hardware development by the way Because we have a lot of Specialists in hardware development. So we are struggling here Responsibilities every business unit has appointed and empowered one so-called SDS manager This is to show that the topic is important for the organization and to drive it forward and the last pillar in this initiative is Competence competence development not so much for experts The focus is much more on leadership Development and I'll get back to it in a moment. Let's have a look on the structure first The structure of this initiative at first glance it pretty much looks like a copy of our company hierarchy So on top we have top managers 10 CEOs of the divisions and of some business units They form the or they make up the functional board Then on a second level we have second level managers people like head of R&D or head of program manage product management so functional heads of Larger business units, but what looks like a hierarchy is actually an attempt to complement the existing Hierarchical structure with a ad hoc formed network in order to implement change So many of you may know the concept of a dual operating system made popular by John Cotter and In this dual organization we have a stable Hierarchical organization for day-to-day operation that makes it reliable resilient and efficient and we have a second organization which is more dynamic and At hoc formed around a specific topic in our case the specific topic is Improvement of the ways of working along the product life cycle and we also try to leverage this approach in other areas However, it still remains very difficult to really balance adaptability and stability in an organization like ours back to leadership development What is how is the organ company? Supporting leadership development on all levels as We all know a leader is more watched than heard so we need leaders managers to act as role models and They need to show the behavior themselves, which they would like to see from their people Some examples are that the people of the functional boards the CEOs they really take time for go and see events That means as no learning takes place in a conference room They go and visit certain parts of the business units in order to observe to listen which is pretty hard for a CEO just to listen and To see what's going on on the front line. So that's an example the members of the working groups They apply those new linear child principles in their own work They have regular work sessions where they try to identify the organizational impediments for the transformation where they try to come up with ideas how to address those impediments and the most promising ideas they take into their business units and Test there and try it out. So we initiated kind of PDCA cycle for the improvements They also don't leave the communication only to the corporate communication experts they get in front of their people and their peers and Frequently communicate the vision and the cornerstones of the journey Communication is very important in a big company from my experience. So We always focus on this one for all executives in the business units the Company of us leadership trainings and in recent years Most of the people in this target group have participated in such workshops Also, HR is offering something called culture labs culture lab is a safe environment for leadership teams to reflect on those new principles and to connect this to their leadership behavior and Of course, we also have learning journeys where people can go get inspired by other companies can learn and Well, not all learned learning journeys have to go as far as Silicon Valley There are also other companies around us where you can learn a lot. I personally think that Already for the increased awareness and engagement of management. This initiative has paid off to some extent at least Despite the fact that Siemens with 25,000 software engineers is already among the top 10 software companies in the world, which was surprising to me We still have a long way to sail to really call us fast flexible digital company here are some Examples of the improvement areas we see for the near future We some parts of the organization have already started to restructure around value streams and around cross-functional teams with end-to-end responsibility rather than functional silos as it looks today Interestingly enough 15 years ago Several of those organizations were already structured in such a way that was before Efficiency became the most important parameter for optimization and that changed every single cost Was that the key driver? Siemens also set up a couple of fast innovation projects that are supposed to experiment in a startup like environment and Well despite very good management intent I can tell you from first-hand experience that The standard organization seems to strike back almost every day so there are a lot of pain points which those projects recognize They this are pains like The the strong demand for mid and long-term plans The dependency on bureaucratic and slow Processes when it comes to procurement or IT support and decision-making based on strong stakeholder opinions rather than real customer feedback another ongoing activity is to extend HIL development from software into hardware and system development and Also, I think a very powerful lever Will be to introduce more and more HIL product portfolio management So this is using boards Hanman boards to make the strategic Product and improvement initiatives visible and once you make something visible You have a far better chance to manage something and to improve it So that's I think that's very powerful devops. I Suppose that's a hot topic for many here in the room for many companies. So it is for Siemens and last but not least We also have to win over our people in the finance and accounting department We need them to adapt the processes around budgeting and The the metrics that are used to measure progress success and value So if you want to know more about this HIL finance stuff, there will be a talk in your after moon by Henrik Esser You will tell more details about this one here So, yeah, the journey continues There are still a lot of things ahead of us or there will be an lot of Exciting challenges that we are going to address in the future. So always take this as an opportunity And there are questions like what are the new career passes for people in an organization that is more network that is more based on cross-functional teams or what are the suitable indicators to measure progress on organization level and What are structures and processes that really adapt to stable and dynamic context. So that's hard and difficult So if anyone here has any recommendations ideas or experience, I would be happy to listen just approach me later today and Would be nice to hear from you Okay, I think we still have plenty of time left for questions Yeah, that's right. Yeah, because the system is still the same and How you are doing it is optimized to the system around you the agility the age and mindset of the people That's very difficult On an individual basis What I appreciate is the idea that Is implemented in some parts of the organization now to not measure Individual contribution, but rather to use Contribution of the entire group and then in this group you always have some Team dynamics that will help all the people in the group to to adopt this new way of thinking So that's how I would approach it and how we see it in some parts of the organization, but not everywhere So different experiments in different parts of the organization, okay? Hardware is One of my pet peeves so we can talk about it later. Maybe it's not that interesting for all people here in the room Yeah, we have a lot of hardware and There are different attempts to Look into this and to see how this can also Become more agile It's you have to use different approaches So there's nothing like a scrum guide for hardware There were several attempts in the community to create this all field But yeah, we slowly try to also change this to implement ideas like Cross-functional teams the idea of time box all this not only works in software development, but also hardware development is very helpful but we are in the beginning and I'm also involved in this so let's have a discussion later and the second question was The conservative part you can't change your customer But also the environment for our customers changing so I remember When I was in one part of our organization when I was talking to the R&D manager and I Made a statement that I'm sure that also our his customers Will be interested in this a child approach sooner or later He completely refused this idea that is not going to happen but One year later. There were two customers that were interested because It was in a railway business and when you have very complex projects For instance Yeah, very complex. I don't want to tell you any details, but if you have very complex details It's very hard for our customers to plan everything in detail upfront and to give you detailed requirements specifications So they were explicitly asking for HIV ways of working We had bad luck because our sales people the interface to the customer had even had never heard about Agile, so they just ignored it and We learned about this some months later About this request from a customer They have just started to implement safe so they went through all the trainings that are typical when you implement safe Like actually I was not so deeply involved in this I cannot tell you details But I think also there it's too early to really say if it held or if it will be combined in the future with other approaches and other Methods frameworks, I don't know So it's too early. That's a very interesting challenging question when it comes to cultures and geography My experience is there's not so much difference between The car the cultures the difference and the spread is more within the personalities in this culture So you can see a widespread of personalities in all cultures This is more something you have to consider and you have to take into account so work with people that are willing and enthusiastic first and then you try to also pull the other people and in terms of management, of course it is most difficult for Middle management to to appreciate this new new ways of working. That's for sure and we need to help them I'm convinced that we still need the activity of management and coordination But maybe it will not be an explicit role in the future. I think Brian yesterday also talked about this In the same sense More value or yeah, you started earlier the objective that the key goal is where to become faster and More flexible more adaptable more responsive to change in the world around us that where the key Goals the key objectives Does it answer your question or just party? So right now we have a specific goal to Only to half the development time on average for our projects in the next couple of years So that's a very specific goal you have Okay, and flexibility Responsiveness that's far more difficult to measure. So we don't have yeah, that's here one of my questions We don't have an indicator measure yet to to measure this one Okay, there was another question. We haven't changed that yet. Unfortunately. There's not a general I cannot give a general answer. I absolutely agree rewards systems incentives. That's the most important Driver for a transformation. So you should always start there, but I don't know any company that really did it So we companies always struggle for two or three five years before they really dare to to change this system What we already did in some parts of the organization, but not on corporate level was to give teams Not individual goals, but team goals. I think that is already a first step in the right direction So measure people on what they are shift as a team Yeah Well at the end it's to the people but they are measured on what the team is sheathed each one in a team is measured On what the team is sheathed, but this is just the first step and it's not perfect yet Some more questions. Do we still have time for? Cado five minutes good try to the procedures the documentation and all these things we even had a Department in the railway business which have also very strict regulations where they tried With every sprint to really do all the regulation related stuff as well So Experiments we have ongoing and we are fully convinced and we have seen it in many parts that you can Make it easier for you to to deal with the regulation and also the regulation bodies are starting to change Something now in their procedures in order to open up for HR development slowly But I think the the main idea that helps is to automate the stuff and It's the day there was a talk where they also try to collect all the data and information automatically and only even If you get an assessment or an auditor is coming to your company Then you can print out the stuff he's requiring As I said, it's a safe environment. That's for the leadership teams. So as a leadership team you Can get a facilitator and then you have a safe environment where you look on the principles you see You what are the most challenging principles and then you try to figure out? What does it mean for me? How can I roll model this principle? What does it mean for us as a leadership team? What is it that we are going to change? So it's very on a very individual basis Depending on the context where this leadership team is involved Not in a culture labs, but you can do this as a leader anyway With with your team, but the team is not involved But maybe that's one of the outcome of the culture lab that they will Strengths an idea of feedback in their organization Okay, I think I will be around for the rest of the day So you can approach me ask me additional questions I'm happy to answer them and you can also Reach out to me after the conference my email address is included in the presentation and It's the cute Vendatory cute animals light at the end because research shows that this will increase the rating of a presentation by 50% So I just want to try it It also tells you that you deserve a break now before the next session starts So thank you very much for your interest and have a good day


So we know how to add and subtract two matrices. We know how to multiply two matrices. What about dividing two matrices? Well, when we divide real numbers, it's easier for us to think about that in terms of multiplying by the inverse of another real number. And so that leads us to finding the inverse of a matrix. And we'll present an algorithm for finding an inverse. But remember that algorithms can be replaced by software that is free or very, very, very cheap. So while we'll present the algorithm here, you should understand why the algorithm works. And you can either do this by thinking about what the problem of finding an inverse really is. It's really setting up a system of equations for a particular matrix product. And then that translates into what we're about to do. So here's the algorithm. Suppose I want to find the inverse of some matrix A.  And I'm going to apply row reductions to produce the identity matrix as the first part of the augmented matrix and then something else as the other part. And if I can do this, and there's no guarantee I can always do this, but if it's possible to do this, then this matrix over here is going to be the inverse of matrix A. So for example, let's say I want to find the inverse of this matrix. And again, if you just learned the algorithm, then your entire learning can be replaced by a piece of software. So this is Wolfram Alpha. I'm not affiliated in any way, shape, or form with Wolfram Alpha, but anybody who does mathematics should be aware of this particular site. This is free. I can go to this if you want to download and copy onto your smartphone. It'll cost you about three bucks. But if I can ask a mathematical question, it can tell me the answer. So I'll shift things around a little bit so I can say, so I want to find the, oh my God, I have to type this up. So I'll find the inverse of 2, negative 1, 0, 7, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1. And I say, okay, Wolfram Alpha, tell me what the inverse of this matrix is. And we play the jeopardy themes on that. Oh, that was quick. Okay, so I found the inverse of the matrix and there it is. And well, hopefully, we'll actually get this answer at the end of the day. But here's the thing to realize that if you only learn how to find the inverse by following an algorithm, what you've done can be replaced by somebody using Wolfram Alpha who didn't take the course, who didn't pay however much you paid for the course. Your education is more valuable than something you can find free on the internet. So again, while you should learn the following algorithm, realize that this is the beginning of the educational process. It is not the goal of the educational process. So let's go ahead and find the inverse. So I want to augment that by a 3 by 3 identity matrix. I'll drop it down there. And now I'm going to perform row reductions. And what I'm going to try to do is try to get the identity matrix in the first part. And then I'll have the inverse in the second part. So let's see how that goes. So let's see. I'll keep this first row the same. My second row, the coefficient is 7. So I'll multiply the first row by 7 and the second row by negative 2. And then I'll add the two rows. So 7 times the first row, negative 2 times the second. Throw that into the second row. I add those and the coefficients will drop out. The leading term will drop out.  To get the first and third row, I'll multiply the first row by 1 and multiply the third row by negative 1. And I'll add those two rows. And that will eliminate the leading coefficient. And so now I have my new third row. Now I'll continue. Again, I like the first row, second row. And now I want to get this third row. So I'll take that second row. I'll multiply it by 2. I'll take the third row, multiply it by negative 11. And that will give me, that will line up my coefficients. And I'll get my new third row. And we have a matrix that's in, we can think about this as quasi-row echelon form.  Now, again, with Gauss-Shorten reduction, we do want to get ones here. We ultimately want to get ones here. But if we don't worry about getting the ones there until the end of the process, we can avoid fractions. So let's go through that. We have our quasi-row echelon matrix. I'm going to keep that last row. And now I want to eliminate the stuff above the first non-zero entry in that last row. So I need to eliminate this minus 6 here. So I'm going to take my two rows here. And I'm going to multiply the third row by minus 6. And I'm going to add it to that second row. So there's my third row. There's my third row times minus 6. There's my second row. I'm going to add them. And that gets me a new second row. And my first row already has a zero above that leading one. So I'll just keep that third row without changing anything. All right, so continuing my process. So now here is my new matrix. So I want to reduce the second column. So again, my leading entry of that second row, I want things above and below that to be zero. So I'll keep that second row. Third row is fine. And I need to eliminate the negative 1 here. So I can take the first row, multiply it by negative 11. And I'll add it to the second row. And that'll eliminate that coefficient. And so my new first row looks something like that. Now remember, I'm trying to get the identity matrix over in these first few columns. So that means that the entries along the diagonals have to be 1. And then I have to have zeros everywhere else. Well, I did the zeros everywhere else. So now let's get our entries along that diagonal to be 1. So I'll copy my matrix over. And let's see, to make this entry 1, I need to multiply by negative 1 over 22. And again, remember, each row of a matrix corresponds to an equation. So what this really requires me to do is I multiply all of the coefficients of that equation by negative 1 over 22. So that's going to change that first row to that. Second row, I want this term to be a 1. So I'm going to multiply by negative 11. And third row, I want this term to be a 1. So I'll multiply everything by negative 1. And now the first part of my augmented matrix is the identity, which means that the second part is going to be the multiplicative inverse, the inverse of the matrix. And so we say that the inverse of this matrix is equal to this. And so we found the answer. And again, we've applied an algorithm. It's taken us about five minutes to do what Wolfram Alpha was able to find in about two seconds. So again, the algorithm is useful to know because, well, what if there's a disaster and the entire internet vanishes and then you have to find the multiplicative inverse of a matrix? Well, realistically, if any sort of disaster of that magnitude happened, your inability to find the multiplicative inverse of a matrix will be the least of your worries. But here's another bunch of other important questions. How do we know this is even true? It's on the internet, so it must be true. But it'd be kind of nice to have some independent way of verifying that this is actually the multiplicative inverse of this matrix. But the other thing, again, is that the process for finding the multiplicative inverse, this particular row reduction technique, does emerge as a way of solving a particular type of problem. And if you set up the problem that you're really trying to solve to find the multiplicative inverse, then why this process works becomes self-evident. And it is the understanding of the origin of the algorithm. It is the creating of the algorithm that is really the important thing. Following the algorithm, again, a cheap, free computer application could do that and your education should be worth more than a free or cheap computer application.


Good morning everyone. Good morning to everyone in this room and all of those viewing from Lincoln and I think there's one person in Hastings and those of you viewing from your desk. I'd like to welcome each and every one of you to the paraprofessional spring meeting this year. However, we did something a little bit different this year. We, considering our team-themed presentations, we've teamed up this year with both the skip section and the YART section to present today's program, Growing Your Teens. My name is Cynthia Vana. I'm the Adult Services Specialist at the Miller Branch Library and I'm also the 2014 Chair of the Paraprofessional Section. Michelle Bullock, Chair of the Skip Section, sends her regards to you. She had a conflict today, a family member in surgery. She wishes she could have been here, but she sends her regrets and her regards. Who's the Chair of the YART section? Does anybody know? On behalf of the Paraprofessional Section, the Skip Section and the YART sections, thank you for attending today's meeting. On behalf of all of us, we're very glad you're here today and you will not be disappointed. If you're not a member of one of these sections, please consider joining. Today, we have almost 40 attendees from across the state. Schools and libraries are represented. We're all here because of our passion for libraries. I would also like to thank Connie Hagridorn, our spring meeting chair, for doing a fabulous job and working so smart for planning this event today. If you're watching with multiple people via webinar, please take a moment right now to type in all of your names so that we can make sure you all get your appropriate CE credit. We've got three great sessions lined up for you today and I know that you'll not only enjoy them, but you'll also take away great things that you can take back to your jobs. Each session runs approximately 50 minutes. This one will run a little bit shorter since we got a later start waiting for people to show up. And there'll be about a 10-minute break between sessions. You can ask questions after each session. And now let's get started. Starting off today's event was going to be Mary Ringendore you probably saw in the publicity material from Keen Memorial Library in Fremont. And she was indeed prepared to inspire your creativity by sharing some really cool and engaging craft ideas for teens. However, due to some extenuating circumstances, she couldn't be here today. But in her stead, not to fear, is Laura England Biggs, the youth services librarian at Keen Memorial Library. And she is equally talented and excited to inspire you today. Let's welcome Laura. Okay. Oh wow. That's weird seeing yourself down in the corner. Hi everybody. As Cynthia said, I am Laura England Biggs. My background is mostly administration until the last three, almost four years, I fell into youth services and found that not only do I love it, I have an inner crafter. So I've kind of been discovering some of that along the way. One of my favorite things that I've done so far, it's a, I think Guildcraft is where I got this. It's just a card that says dream. And then I kept all kinds of greeting cards and just cut them out. We also did an interpretation of Starry Night by Van Gogh. Not sure how successful it was. I had to explain to people what it was. But that's okay. And that's just, that's my little mixed media version of crafting. Mary, some of you may know, is an incredibly talented artist. So I don't even pretend to do half of what she does. She can do duct tape wallets. I can do duct tape Chinese finger puzzles. Let's just see. I put this together last night. Sorry. It's pretty basic. What I've learned that surprised me is that crafts are not just for girls. A lot of the guys, if you get them in the right space, they want to play with this stuff too. They want to express their creativity. Now, it may not look quite as girly. It might have a little blood and guts on it. But it's okay because that's what they need to do to express themselves. Let's see. This was two years ago for summer. We had all these little cardboard boxes and wooden stars. You've got all this stuff hiding somewhere either in your closet or somewhere else's. So we got, what was it, tempera paint and glitter and stickers and little goo goo eyes. And we created a ladybug box and ornament. Some of them they painted dream big. Some of them they tried to make really beautiful paisley and it turned into a big glob. But they loved it. You can use sharpies. You can use beads of any kind. We found it buttons.  Buttons are great for jewelry. You can do something that's really planned and organized. Or they can just string together whatever strange conglomeration they want. Like this one. It's just randomly picking them up off the table, putting them together. It's just that stretchy stuff. Tie a couple of knots in it. If you really don't want it to go anywhere, drop a super glue on the knot. Works really well. You can also do memory wire, which is pretty cheap and just makes these wonderful little spirals. This one's a pretty planned design. But again, you can just do random beads going on. I haven't done earrings and that kind of thing just because bracelets are so much easier. You can also use paper crafts. I had the good fortune there's a friend of mine in Fremont who knows how to fold cranes, has been folding them for, I think, almost 40 years. She showed me really quickly. I made up this step-by-step instruction. Start by folding it in quarters, then you move along. I can take pictures and put this on later. Then it goes into the final two phases of your crane. What you end up with is, if you remember which way it opens, it's got a little head and a little tail. I've got a bunch of them here. Again, I'll take pictures and add them to the PowerPoint. I didn't do that last night when I got home from work at 10. But you can use, this one's done with, I believe, wrapping paper. You can use magazines. Everybody has a few old magazines lying around when you're getting ready to recycle them. You can actually use origami paper if you get it. Copy paper doesn't work so well unless you're doing something simple like a butterfly, which is just some accordion folds and a chenille stem, pipe cleaner. We've also done little plastic globes where they can paint on them. Usually it's better if you paint the inside and then you can mark her on the outside. Whatever you have on hand, they can find something to do with it I've learned, whether or not you want them to. Origami cranes already showed you that. If you have the step-by-step instructions labeled, you can almost do what I've seen other people talking about, which is a DIY or do-it-yourself table. Then you don't even have to be there because you could write verbal instructions. You could have, if you've got maybe a kindle or a digital frame, you could have a looping video talking them through it, and then you wouldn't even have to be there. Games are probably what I'm going to talk most about because that's what I'm most familiar with doing with our teens. The craft thing works in the summer, but during the year, they don't want to do that. They want to play games. They love, love, love zombie dice. I'm not sure why all of them are familiar with the Walking Dead. It sort of worries me, but I think I have a better chance of surviving the apocalypse if they're on my side.  There are red dice, which are the hard dice. They're mostly gunshots. There are yellow dice, which are two of each. Then there are the green dice, which are mostly running away footsteps. What you do is take three dice at random, roll them. If it's a gunshot or a brain, you have to keep it. If it's running away footsteps, you can roll it again. So if I get one of each, I would pick up my footsteps, go back here, pick out two more dice, roll them. You get three gunshots.  You lose all the brains. So a lot of times, if you hit five or six brains, it's time to stop. But if you've got all red brains out, then your green brains are still in there, and those are easier to get. If you've got all green brains, you might stop earlier. It's a lot of strategy for them to learn. The goal is to win 15, to collect 15 brains. You can keep track of it with poker chips, with pennies, with whatever. I, however, have a husband who has OCD. He made up these wonderful little cards for us. We have one brain, and they are encased in sleeves, like you would see on Magic the Gathering kind of cards. And then you can trade that out for a five. Trying to get it so the glare is not so bad. And we even have a 10. There are expansions for zombie dice, so that you have the prom queen and the drive-in action hero.  He saves her from the zombies. There's a Santa die. You could get two brains that are present. It's not Santa's brain. They're very clear about that. You can get a helmet that allows you to withstand more gunshot or an energy drink that, oh, I forget what the energy drink does. We haven't done that person in a while. As you can see, zombie dice, it's unlimited number of players. That's what I really like about it. People can come in anytime. A lot of games are tied to two to four, two to six, even two to eight. We've had a consistent group of three, maybe four kids for six months. I laid down the law to them a month ago because my boss laid down the law to me and said, three kids, you can't both be in there anymore. You and Mary have got to get more people. So I said to the kids, hey, do you want to keep doing this? If you do, you need to bring your friends because otherwise, I'm not sure how long I can keep doing this every week. Next week, we had 13 kids. We've had 13, 11, 9, 11, 13, 11, 11, kind of all over the map since I laid down the law. Maybe it was two months ago, actually. They go for the games, even though we have Wii, sports, and Indiana Jones on the Wii. We have Mario Kart. We have Rock Band. We have Dance Revolution. They're incredibly old. They still play them once in a while, but they go for the games first. The newest one we've gotten is Bucket O'Bacon. It is like a barrel of monkeys, little pieces of bacon, and you mix them up, toss them on the table. Your goal is to collect a string of bacon. When you drop a bacon, you stop. You get to count that many. The goal here is, I believe, again, you collect 15. There's also a Bucket O'Mustaches. I still don't get the mustache thing, if anyone can explain it to me. But I know they love it. And then you can also mix them and make it Bucket O'Mustaches bacon because they hook together differently. The bacon is balanced a little better, but the mustaches are fun. So these were maybe eight bucks at Hastings. I bought them. They're mine, but I let the library use them. And that's mostly because I have a gamer for a husband. We do so much gaming. It's not even funny. Yesterday, they actually went straight for Word on the Street. I've taken to where I let them set up all the electronics. If I try and guess what they're going to want to play, it doesn't work. They never want what I have set up. So they unhook everything, and then it takes an extra 10 minutes. They went straight for Word on the Street this time. It's a very simple word game. Let's see if I can get the picture up here for you guys. The board is laid out like a little street. You have little tiles for the letters. There's no vowels, no J, no Q. Those are a little too difficult to think of words. What you're doing is getting a category out of the little box. Maybe yesterday it was something a player is wearing. And you try to think of words that use as many letters as possible. One word. It could be hyphenated. So like if the word was, if the clue was, actresses who've won an Academy Award, you could say Zeta-Jones. And then you just move the letters one side or the other of the board. So it's a team game. They can kind of do some collaborative thinking. And once you move it three spaces to your side, you capture that tile. Then you have to start thinking of words with some of the more obscure letters like Z, Z. Does anybody really know a word that has V, Z, and W in it? Because those are usually the last ones left. The goal is to capture eight tiles to win. So there's a lot of back and forth. You can do it in teams, guys against girls, or just have them pick at random. Usually ours go guys against girls. Usually the girls win. What can I say? It also could be that the girls have played it longer. This is one I haven't played with them yet. It's called Zoro T-S-U-R-O. It's a tile game where you have a board laid out in a grid and everybody gets a little character and then you get little cards that have different patterns on them. As you lay the patterns out, they all match up and take you somewhere. Every card matches up to something on every other card. The goal is to move across the board without being led off the board. And if you're playing with one or two people, it's not too bad. If you've got all eight people, there's a lot of collisions and once you collide, you're out. Or you can force someone to go where you want them to go, which might be off the board. And it's a good one for up to eight. It plays really fast that way. It's also a lot of fun for them to kind of, whoa, I don't like this pattern. I don't like this pattern. No, this isn't any good. Again, with the strategy. Finally, I think the girls' favorite game, other than song bursts, 70s and 80s, which shocks me. They weren't even born when those songs were written, although they do better in the 80s than they do the 70s. And half the time, they just want to be on my team because I know the songs and I usually win. So I've started saying, I'm your DJ. I'm not going to play anymore. It's not fair. But they also love Dixit. This is one my brother actually got me for Christmas. It has a series of different picture cards on it. Everybody gets seven cards. You look at your picture and you decide, I think I can make a story out of that. And your story could be one word, could be a sentence, it could be a sound effect. We've got one here. Oh, which one is it? This one here, it's like a knife in the grass.  And then you have to look at your cards and see which card you have that might tell that story as well. Everybody pitches a card in. The person who made up the story turns the cards over and numbers them. Everybody else guesses which one was the original card. And you get scored points that way. Some of the pictures, it is really hard to tell a story. And I've had to work with the girls not to be quite so literal because there's a braid with a gold ring around it. And they forever want to say, one ring to rule them all. Everybody guesses that one. Although we did have, one guy apparently has never read the books, never seen the movies, had no clue. We were shocked. It was like, dang, what? It was a little crazy. Yesterday they were actually setting up dominoes while we were kind of waiting around, which surprised me. There's a couple of them over here playing solitaire. We haven't had anybody doing chess yet, but there is a big chess club in town. So I would love to see that kind of come in. Talked a little bit about our video games. It's not just the guys who love these things. The girls are over there fighting for controllers for Mario Kart. Even though it's like, they look at it and go, that's like the old one. Give me that. Okay, and I keep telling them, give me a list of what you think I need to get. I will get it for you. They didn't believe me. I said, tell me what you want for snacks. Oh yeah, we won't have anything. They wanted ho-ho's. They wanted oreos. They wanted gummy bears. We already give them popcorn. They came back next time and we had Swiss rolls because they're cheaper than ho-ho's. We actually did buy real oreos. We will never do that again because the locusts are small. We will get the hydrox and the gummy bears. We did the cheap version and just dumped them in a bowl. They didn't know. And they just looked at me like, what? Really? You're going to give us all this sugar? Not every week, but I'll send you home. Our best drummer is probably Katie. I think she's in the middle school this year. The guys all want to get in there and she just goes, get out of the way. She takes over because the guys are failing out on rock band and she just sails right through. It's pretty amazing. One that is, I call it a self-started program. We have some kids who meet out in our west lobby that like to play Magic the Gathering. If you've never heard of it, sometimes it looks like this. This is also known as Obsession because this is my box that I carry my Magic the Gathering things in. I made it out of an old gateway box and some contact paper and old foil packs of cards that I laminated. When I go to the tournaments, the guys, the 17, 18, 25-year-olds, always look at me and go, cool box. I think Nancy, you used to work with us. Were they out there when you were there? Yes, they had just started. It's been a year, year and a half, two years, something like that. Magic the Gathering is a collectible card game. It's kind of like Dungeons and Dragons on cards. You have to roll dice to make things happen. There are characters like Plains, Walkers. This one is Chandra, a genie. I can't really see it very well. There are sorceries. There are instants. There are enchantments. Basically somebody, in a traditional game, you're battling one other person.   They're trying to do the same. You can inflict injury upon their creatures. You can find their creatures so they can't fight. You can blow everything up and start over. We had a group of kids just start gathering out there, and people looked at us and said, are you going to let that happen? I walked out and said, yeah, I sure am. What are you guys playing? When are you going? You got the core set? You going out to the new release party? And they just went, what? I said, yeah. I pulled up a Plainswalker last release, and they just went, you know what that is? I've actually taken some decks in and played with them a couple of times, and they love it because they usually beat me, because they really play nasty. A Plainswalker is kind of an elevated creature. Normally, the creatures have a power and a toughness, so they can do so much damage and sustain so much damage. Plainswalkers like having a second person sitting beside you. They usually have a special ability you can do once a turn, and if you get so many counters on them, you can take so many off later, and sometimes that's how you win the game. You can use the Plainswalker to block so that your damage doesn't come to you, but to them, it's way complicated. My husband's been playing for like 20 years, and he doesn't even really understand Plainswalkers yet, because he didn't get one. I got one. It's true. So it's kind of been expanding a little bit. We had a group of kids come to us and ask us if they could do a Yu-Gi-Oh tournament, and they have a Yu-Gi-Oh card game, but they were actually doing a video game. They brought in their own equipment, their own snacks. I think they had upwards of 25 kids in that room, and yeah, okay, it got a little noisy. You know what? We have the Win It Back Tea Party in there, and they get a little noisy. We have the Elkhorn Value Rifle Association, and they get a little noisy. They were so incredibly respectful. They cleaned up the room better than most of my other groups do. I just kept checking in on them once in a while. I know they were expecting me to say, shut up, and all I said was, wow, great turnout. Do you need anything? And I said, come back, please, and make sure it's a Saturday at work. So it was just, it's really kind of taking off, and hopefully we can get an actual formal magic to gathering going, because a lot of the kids want to learn, but they're afraid they don't know how to break into that little group. So maybe if we could sort of host it officially, that would help. Common threads, no matter what we're doing, everybody knows, feed them and they will come. Microwave popcorn is cheap. They love movie theater better. It vacuums off the tile floor pretty easily. We don't have carpet, so I'm very lucky. We use the house brand of Crystal Light Fruit Punch. I really don't recommend it, because it does stain just about everything it lands on. If you can get them onto raspberry lemonade, which is what I'm planning to transfer them to, it's much easier to clean up. I always let them choose what to play. And I remind them that at five minutes till, it's cleanup time. Miss Laura is not doing this alone. Miss Laura is going to dinner at five o'clock. And so you're going to help me. You're going to put away chairs. I've taught them how they stack. And they actually start policing themselves and going, come on guys, we only have a couple more minutes. And then it's just, it's about fun. Every once in a while they get a little rowdy. So we'll close the door. And that's about all I have. I would be happy to put together a list of any of this stuff, just because I had to throw this together. I don't have it in the PowerPoint. Okay. Okay. The age of our group, our teens, we actually have primarily 13 to 18. I've got a couple of tweens that are coming. They aren't as regular. And I'm looking at trying to break off a tween gaming group in the summer, just because it's hard for them. They want to be there hanging with the older kids. But when Kendrick brought his, whichever, PS3, whatever we don't have, he brought his machine in and hooked it up to our computer, brought a couple of games that were rated T and rated M and Ms. Laura said, no, no, no. Plants versus zombies would be good. And so he very graciously played plants versus zombies with one of the little guys. But, yeah. So they get really bored because the teens don't want to hang out with little guys. And the little guys want to do whatever the teens are doing, but they don't understand the in-jokes. And there's problems with it. So I would recommend splitting it out. I know that's what most of the classes I've been to have recommended. We just didn't have the numbers until now to be able to justify two programs. Actually, the question is why crafts during the year and then gaming during the summer. It's actually, what my experience has been, is they like to craft in the summer when they're not in school.  They don't want to follow directions in terms of, like, fold this, do that. They're more interested in the social aspects. So that's why we do more gaming and crafting during the school year. Anybody else? Not yet. I'm working towards that. Because I've seen a lot of other folks talking about... Oh, sorry. The question was, are my crafts passive programming, where I just lay out folders of instructions and let people come in? The answer is it's not yet, but I'm working towards it. I've seen a lot of other people talking about it, and it seems like a really good way to go to get that involvement, get somebody doing something without having to man it, or submit all the time. All right. Thank you. Thank you.


Hello and welcome to NewsClick. The spat between the governor of Kerala and the elected government of Kerala has reached unprecedented proportions. The latest bone of contention is the vice-chancellors of 9 to 11 universities in the state. We have with us a special guest, Mr. Thomas Isaac, he's the former finance minister of Kerala and a senior CPM leader. He's going to try and tell us what really are the issues over here. Thank you for joining us, sir. Mr. Isaac, why is the university issue so important? Can you begin by telling us why there is this argumentation between the governor and the government over this? Well, the fight is not between the governor and the elected government of Kerala. It's between RSS and the elected government of Kerala. Virtually, RSS has captured or near-captured the vice-chancellors of almost all the public universities in India in various ways. Even JNU, everybody knows what has happened to it. In fact, the approach is scorched earth policy. They don't care what happens to the university, they think they can rebuild it later. They want to destroy the entire liberal edifice of India. So Kerala is one state with 12 universities. Well, they have no role whatsoever, you see, either no representation in syndicate, senate or any academic bodies. So this is something they can't accept. Therefore, they are using the agency of governor who happens to be by the law legislated by the Kerala assembly, the chancellor. So the chancellor has certain rights, but chancellor's rights have been defined by the law. So he has been making allegations and insinuations on the educational system, which are unwarranted. We ourselves are not very happy with the higher education Kerala, let me put it that way. Okay, there is a bill which has also been passed by the assembly. How will this bill sort of help counter the RSS, as you say, and sort of? Okay. Yes. We will come to education first later, I will refer into your question. So there is law of the university passed by the Kerala legislative assembly. There is UGC Act by government of India. Now there are also regulations of UGC, there are three sets of things. The Kerala assembly has said as such committee of three would make recommendation to the chancellor, which consists of chancellor's representative, government's representative, UGC representative. And it can be one or three. Candidates. The panel or if they are agreed upon one, they can give one, that is the Kerala law. Now the UGC Act says everything about everything else, but we do not mention anything about how appointments to the vice chancellor's should be done. But UGC now through its regulations has made it a fine number search committee, which has a more representation for UGC. So that virtually this committee can be manipulated to appoint an RSS or other. Kerala government would have only one representative. Normally if it is going by merit of the academic who is selected, it should not matter at all. That is right. So present practice India merit has the least, per se, it is political Hindutva allegeance that matters. And therefore, there is a possibility this would be used by the governor who is acting as chancellor. Now, this is a situation all posts were filled. Now something happened. The search committee consisting of only three, not five as per UGC regulation identified one person only, Rajasri doctor is a technical expert to be the vice chancellor of Kerala technical university. So she was appointed, she was working, but another person from Kuchin University academic filed a case in saying that UGC regulations say five and therefore the appointment in a land void. I called single bench, threw it out. Division bench also approved it saying that there is no breach in the procedure. But when to Supreme Court, the other judge said it is against the violation of central law. It is a concurrent subject. Therefore central law would prevail and therefore that selection is not null. As against this, there are very serious experts who argue there is no central law on how to appoint. It is only a regulation. Therefore Kerala High Court is right. There are some others who shows a subordinate legislation which is something executive order cannot be above the state government legislation. Parliament is above state government assembly, but how can a UGC, a creature through executive order overrule legislative power of a state assembly? This is the fundamental. This is going to be argued in Supreme Court. And there is a revision petition. Yeah, that is being filed. So now this person, but court order has ordered. So that is we will have to set, set, set, opt out. But the governor uses the opportunity to give a notice to all the otherwise chance rates in Kerala that you have asked for the Supreme Court of UGC or cannot, therefore you are asked to resign before 11.30 the next day, that is all, you see there is no application of mind, you do not keep time for a search for a discount, you do not talk with Kerala government. Though law does not say the chancellor can act needing, but that is another way the country is governed here. So just outrightly a move to appoint RSS nominees as far as chancellor's scale, I am putting you on the table. These are very eminent persons who are the, see that each one of them, they are very eminent scientists who have worked abroad, whose international publications, who are the vice chancellor of Kerala universities, none of them are CPM people, that is also a way to stress the CPM members or none of them, they are liberal.  This masses approach to study of history is well known, that is an accepted thing. Governor was using this opportunity to capture the universities in Kerala for RSS, that started the trouble. So what happens now, what does the state government recommend these VCs do? So who gave him this power to the chancellor, we gave him, we legislated, we are going to change the legislature, we are going to make an ordinance and send it to him, that is what we are thinking, a political decision has to be made on this, but that is the way both CPM, CPA secretaries have announced and he may not sign it, ordinance. Then assembly will be called to pass this law, then now the governor's practices are now, even the assembly has passed a law, which is not against the constitution, which is against the liking, then they keep it indefinitely in their hands, that is happening in Tamil Nadu, he may do it here, they are going against the whole spirit of constitution is here. What is the kind of law or ordinance that you are planning which would help to tackle this issue that you face? There is a number of clauses where powers of governor is dealt with in the constitution, most important of which is 1631 versus there will be a council of ministries to advise him. So it is advising him. And then in Nesta clause, sub clause 1632, it says exceptional circumstances where governor can act on his own with discretion, so this, our Arif Khan is interpreting 1631 to mean that all the council is to assist him, he has the discretionary powers to do, which is not the spirit of Indian federal constitution, you see. In fact, Ambika in the constitution assembly has specifically said, I am quoting him from a memory, American president can dismiss his secretary, fully the secretary's appointment is a pressure of the president, but that is not the situation in India, nor with not only president but a governance of the state government, the titular heads, because constitution framework requires such a head. So except for these particular issues, like for example, whether they have majority, his discretionary power he has, but Supreme Khan has said majority must be tested in the assembly, but he has a discretionary thing. So and suppose the government has lost, the cabinet has lost majority and they make a recommendation, we can not follow that and ask for strength to be made, strength to be tested in the assembly, so yes this is 1632 gives this exceptional circumstances, but he is interpreting 1631 to say he has the power, so all constitutional aspects are pointed out, Supreme court in number of judgments are pointed out that the fact that there is 1632 defining exceptional circumstances where he can exercise his discretion, once such a clause is understood that other one he does not have other circumstances, this is special to this, so he is missing a term and so all of a sudden one morning he does a tweet, look at the way a government, a government elected by the people and the governor is appointed by the high committee, by the union government, he tweets, if any minister undermines the dignity of office of the governor, he may stand to lose my pleasure. So this is suddenly all of a sudden pleasure doctrine is brought into the whole debate under British common law. And apparently one particular minister has lost his way. Initially people did not understand, but everybody understood, he will say I will throw him out but because constitution says the ministers hold office under the pleasure, anybody appointed except few officers under the pressure of the government, then there are conditions for exercise of the pleasure. So here the condition is very clear, it is the property of the chief minister to say who should be in the cabinet and even chief minister gives an advice, the pressure is conditional to the advice of chief minister, so he is threatening it, a big controversy erupted etc. Then he seems to be making a linear view, the press has misinterpreted what I said etc. So then all of a sudden he says let now this finance minister, he has lost my pleasure, I want you to take appropriate action. So at least he understood, he cannot take an action, chief minister has to take an action. He has to took the action, replied to him, he has not lost my pleasure. So it is the pleasure of the chief minister, the pleasure of the governor. What is the meaning of all this? On 15th of November you have planned some kind of an agitation at various places, what is this about? So this is a political move, not ministry to even a thing. As I told you we see it in that line, it is an attempt made by BJP to capture the universities in Kerala, universities in Kerala and on masses to universities. You see I am an economist, we don't teach masses economics, macroeconomics, Keynesian, Milton Friedman and all these things. It is a liberal university system like rest of the country. But there are a lot of left up persuaded people in the academics, students, also also teachers, you see. Now BJP does not want that. BJP wants Hindu ideology to dominate the entire university system. How would it help them if that happens? See now immediately no, but RSS plans for long period, horizon is very long. I think these are new positions, things thought up because the moment NDA came to power, people have been at work trying to systematically making otherwise why should somebody start a fight over television institute in Pune? That has a very significant influence on the cultural making, Bollywood and everything and BJP wants that and see the way it has done. Look how all the central universities under the hands, the grip, JNU, but JNU, you know everybody knows what happened in the last three years. So it is one of the priority areas, they want influence of thinking. People still think in liberal terms, intelligentsia in India. India after independence, all the third world countries had most robust intelligentsia in the third world. It was so superior to the rest of the third world countries. They have run a day and so on in the 19th century thinking in terms of drain theory, third world positions, so intellectuals of that name and left academic journals like EPW and so on which are institutionalizes this approach. So they want to destroy that. So that is very important. And even in Kerala, our alternative is to preserve them as liberal bastions. Okay, we do not want to dominate. That is very consciously chosen why all this not leftist of masses but very accomplished academies to be the vice chancellor. So this is the challenge. Therefore it has to be met politically. It is a political issue. It is not, it is a political issue. And therefore we will be educated the people. And how do you educate the people? Give any mobilization to agitations. That is the time when they are very emotional, angry, then you tell them what is happening. So we have a program talked out to where mobilization is taking place in district, local level and finally on 15th to March to Rajbhavan. So people think are we going to capture Rajbhavan? Nothing. There are democratic rights to protest but we are protesting. But through the protest we want to mobilize the consciousness of the people of Kerala. About the university issue or the larger? The larger role of the governor or the governor as chancellor and we will pass the amend the law. And see primarily the people have got to be with you. See the politics in Kerala is dominated by congress and friend and left friend. So the first time left from the scum for a second consecutive term. Always normally it is not it. And BJP has a minor role. They got 12% votes and they are going down. From 16, 2016 election, 14 elections they had nearly 15, 16% vote. It has come down systematically 12. So now this mobilization creates also public opinion which will influence the hopefully thinking of UDF. Many some of the senior leaders including K.C. Venugobal the general secretary has condemned the governor. But they have not been so unique in Kerala. But in Kerala also Muslim League a part of the UDF has come out against the governor. So we hope that this mobilization also will be helpful when because it is not against UDF. It is against the central government. How can UDF opposite? So build a consensus on this. Try to build a consensus nationwide because other beyond BJP governments are also facing same issue. So our mobilization is political. What is the scope of conversation between the government representatives perhaps in the chief minister and the governor? No, it will be exhausted. We work in the federal framework. We don't need to see it from India. We are part of Indian Federation. And in the federal system these political differences come. And it was the even before your Sakarya Commission, your Pungi Commission and but unfortunately this first time in Indian history a party comes to power who professes does not believe in the diversity of India. That's first time it is happening. Therefore it is very difficult now. I think they have decided to do it with federalism in India. Everything in police which is a state subject, they want same uniform. So one nation, one uniform, then one whatever they want to do. So we have a different approach to policing. There are lot of different ways of policing but we want police to be friendly with people. So our Janamaitri police, let's say community police, a variety of community police community collaborates with the police for law and order and under the traffic and so on. We have student police cadets, several attempts to see, integrate organically the police law and order with the people themselves. Now they may not agree with all that. I don't know what is their thinking or ideal. But we have different opinions. So we are against this power but we will converse. Definitely we will talk. If anybody, the central government also will talk. Language issue is cropping up. We will talk to them. So we are not considering that the conversation possibilities are exhausted. But it is very difficult to talk to these people. Really. Alright. Thank you. Thank you for joining us. Thank you very much. Thank you very much for joining NewsClick. Do subscribe, do share our videos. You will find us on Facebook, on Twitter, on Instagram and of course you will find us interview on YouTube.


We will start with analogy over verbal scenarios, then we will go to a non one world scenarios, fine, clear, good. Now what all types of verbal scenarios, analogy exists, okay, see reasoning, the beauty with reasoning or aptitude question is there is no constraint for it, I do not, anyway where brain can be applied that is everywhere, the question can be faced from there, sure, fine, cool. Now when we talk about the types of question, so the types of question can be they can relate numbers to numbers, they can relate with numbers to codes, they can relate numbers to letters and word, sure, in the same way the primary appearance in the analogy case is from the terminologies, biology, zoology, botany, so you have to be aware about ki haan bhai aisa kuch hota hai, right or not, clear, sure, what do you call the studies of the history about existence of word, see in English archeology nahi, archeology to kabad haale ko bholte bata loha, purana, kabadi, leha, wo archeologist ho kaya, sir onko bhi nahin pata ho ki wo archeologist ho, ko bhol la, abhi kal prso jab ghar ke baahar aawa zain ki to bambi kota na bambi archeologist aaya, not making fun of anyone, just for giggle sake, ornithology, badia ye to bharivarkam word hai bhaiye ye kaya, Rajeshwar, can you explain this word ornithology, sir it is term used for study of words, it is term used for study of words, what kind of study, study related to sound, study related to phonetics, study related to their origin, yes sir, study related to, sir their feathers and sir their, sir structure, sir structure and shape, okay, to fir bita ye chidiya pakshi ho ki study ko kya bholte, sir, I had heard the term, aah, yeh hi par, we will create differences, okay, the only thing which makes this, this, this, this section, okay, is the ek do question which will come from these things like, okay, jaha abdi ko samanjmi nahi hain hain hain, kaunsi English ye bhai ye epitomology bholte hain usko, okay, yes or no, hi kya ho bhiya, aah, yeh hi, so jata hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain hain, okay, so, hmm, visible guys, sorry hain, we have 97 participants now, to attend le re kis tidiya poche re hain, am lo gire-gire, okay, why are you guys late, jagte nahi ho or what, sir the timing is very ugly, hain, to kya gare rathu kar de, yeh sir rathu ek imaandari se baat datao, okay, in the era when school used to work, to kitre bhajye skool jataate the bata, 6 bhajit bhai tan mein, the same, 6 bhajit, 2 hante late badaa par aah rahe hain hain, tumko usme takli po rahe hain, hain, sir to ek ka lockdown bhi tara hain, yeh sir, wow, wow, wow, 8 saal ki aadat ek saal mein chhoddi, so to ek saal kanti nahi sahadat bangi thi na, hain kya bangi thi aadat, sir last last month mein, ek gante pehle utna se tada manages nahi ho, hain, tum manages karo bhai phir aadat lao aur kya, abhi skool khul jain, yeh sir ek aad do main ho gata aadat apne hain hain, hain hain hain hain aadat nahi lagti bhai, 11 se 21 din, depending on people, if you do things continuously for 11 days you can get an habit, aur maximum makes 21 days, koi bhi aadat aadat aadati poodi jaa sakti hain, in a maximum bandwidth of self-disciplined 21 days, hain surely 21 days thak aap tapasya nahi kar rahe ho, ki bas 21 din ho jaan, jyasi main, theke hain main hain pizza khana chhoddiya, bilkul, bilkul chhoddiya, pizza khana aur bahar ka dufod kana, parad dufod yaan hain chips, ya tomato ketchup, ya aisi cheez hain, jo bahar yaan hain jin main storage, preservatives use hota hain, poza main hain kana chhoddiya, 21 din lagi, mami bhaap aaye hoi thi, badiya, isse chha time mili nahi sakta, sapsa zyada ache se aam lo self-disciplined ratne in the presence of parents, yeh tum lo thoda lateli, thoda din baad, realise karo gese thi, sko but sach main yeh, sach baat yeh hi hain, theke hain, so main chhod, 21 din main chhod gayi aadat, theke hain, bahar khaane ki bahar aadati chhoddi, so tum logi do abhi sari aachi aadati hain, okay, and keep them continued, do not ever leave a good habit, okay, agar aapke bas ko yeh aachi aadat hain, to uske liye aap time nikaalte raho, time ki kamini bhi aaye, do not, do not negotiate any good habit for anything, okay, aachi aadato ko sain kabhi samjwata nahi gana, aachi aadat aaye to hain, clear, fine, agar abhiting, so here the only thing which will be generating a twist is the terminology, terminology aajayi ki toh we will have to be very careful and that is where the practice is about, clear, so 1.0 is the terminology, clear, fine, point 2, as I was talking about, okay, aajayi aadati aadati abhiting, ok, okay, the point is the terminology, clear, fine, aajayi So the terminology point one is terminology clear fine point two as I was talking about okay is from words to artificial words what do we mean by artificial words like simple beta kisi na likha na hai zoo to us ne likh diya a kya sonu clear q clear ka aapko tarika samanj me aaya to pet will be written as to apne tarika koja kya se kya this is moving to one shift this is moving to two shift right or not clear okay and this is moving right or not so we will move to one FGUVW yes or no you will have this anyone cannot make you remember on spot you will have to apply the logic got it that relation between two entities so this part will have the utility of will have the okay good very good very good very good job no problem so what we are discussing about is point one that duniya tarika gyan is required okay so slight requirement of a language slightly a requirement of understanding of the world and that is why it is called a reasoning you have grown up enough to relate that pen stand mein hum log shoe brush nahi rakhte hain right or not kitne logon ke study table pe shoe brush ya socks hote hain is there anyone no one right so good good good good good good good do not generate a habit right lately you will find yourself when you will move to 11th and 12th that dheere dheere safai kam rakhne ki aadat ho rahi hain do not indulge that habit okay safai rakhi hain so there is a statement i was roaming around the valleys of a very nice estate in kerala called as munnar okay very nice state bohot safai thi bahapar and everywhere okay it was stated that cleanliness is not a project rather a practice very beautiful line right sure so duniya tarika knowledge is required that's what you might have understood by the time we have spent on this that a lot of duniya tarika knowledge will be required fine may god bless us that we get a question which is only based on our what we call it as reasoning capabilities not on the bandwidth of our vocabulary knowledge but if we get we are trying to practice enough okay also the options will be helpful at that front okay sure can we hit on questions pdf okay thank you so yes shubhangi what happened i'm healthy and alive jindagi koi baat nahi hain acha answer bhi didiya oh delta bus c is related to ship in the same way as road is related to bus say yes or no no rocket science badia everyone good good next metal is related to conduction of heat and electricity in the same way as plastic is related to again insulation is the word abhay agar insulation word he nahi aega that's going to be a difficult one right or not yeah good very good next kathak is related to up in the same way aria ye to the cop is tarika se the option help does nahi pata hota kisi ko bhi to reasoning right or not so so let's see options are anyway going to help you they are there to help you at times they might confuse you on other topics but at least not an analogy yeah you have to find similarities simple and the question can be framed in different format like here they are asking directly in the form of sentences he buy ye bata ye bata ye bata okay so fine next dig abhi aave ration proportion bhi chalo melt hokar liquid banta hai to freeze hokar galat ho gaya charli solid baneega okay agar likha hota melt hokar water banta hai to freeze hokar ice banta but likha hoa melt hokar liquid to solid baneega not it jaldi answer nahi dena hai padana hai nahi dekha few people have responded with ice okay so jaldi answer nahi dena okay yeh konsa word yeh language wo kya coding okay badia next kya kya ho rahe so see right or not m ban rahe n o a b c s t u yeh suno clear in the same way l ban jayega clear or not so aapko doh digita ki jaana hai l baneega m n a baneega b c n c is alpha right so now suppose betta boh sare n c is hote so what do you do when you look at the option you find a position which is different clear and calculate that directly easy so that you will save can you explain again betta dek m is becoming o m and o a is becoming so sir there should be a gap of one alphabet yeah we found that we understood it right or not okay sir so it's a compulsion that in every question this sequence will followed no no no every question see that's what see above what the question which were directly related to knowledge no checking of coding was being done now in this question they are also checking your coding skills right coding in the sense retracking the artificial language right or not clear this o c u v g t is an artificial word you found out the logic behind that artificial word and hence you can give a word for labour as well okay instead of the displacement of one there could have been a displacement of five as well clear there could have been a displacement of as i stated reverse by if master is rated as this then what will be labour stated as so you know how to write it right or not clear so they can make any artificial word you have to track the code the pattern the trend or the logic behind the creation of the word and accordingly select one from option got it sir yes which is sir can you again explain how labour is written as r u u b a l just like in the master sleep sir like in the master m and oh there is a difference between one so we have to just look at look at the first words first letter so then we can just follow that sequence only yeah suppose suppose coincidentally that we have to do the scrutiny that's what i stated that suppose suppose three words same like n c d n c d n c d n c d r w t then i would have directly gone for the third word for the opq okay you have to understand the pattern there is nothing like memorizing clear yeah next knowledge based microphone say cheese a loud but the microscope say magnify what the simple knowledge based very very very good very good but relax ice is related with so earth is related with clear so yes as there is a property of ice it is cold so there is a property of earth that it has gravity it attracts objects toward clear very good so okay what is the meaning of the word fatigue because that is important over here what is the meaning of the word fatigue so so everyone everyone everyone very good very very good very good very good very good clear If you know this, then it's a good thing. If you don't know it, then you will have to tell you the options. No, graduation is in the village. It's not a quote, it's a village. Dhruv is saying, cap, why? Yes, well done. Tanmay has said that this is what happens. Sir, it's some sort of attire, means the dress code of that. That dress worn by the priest. Very good. So, you must have seen in the pictures, in the photos, in movies and all, right? That the fathers, right or not? They have a black coat on them, a beautiful coat, a long one. Right or not? Sure, you know from my drawing skills, one day I told the kids that this is a bullet. So, you have to manage with my drawing skills, right? So, the thing, what we call it as the attire, the cloth which a priest wears is called kasham. So, what does the graduate wear? He wears a gown and graduates. Clear? Not cap, not tie, not coat. Got it? The knowledge of the priest. Knowledge will be helping in this. Understood? Very good. What does it say now? If a tiger lives in the jungle, then the otter, do you know? Very good. It lives in the water. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. Right? Yes. Again, the knowledge of the world. Right or not? Clear? Very good. The otter is what type of element, so I will rather say, so how do you see the otter? The otter is like a fog, right? Yes, it looks like a fog. But it can live, swim in water, right or not? Primarily, where does it come from? Beopanga. Beopanga. Very cold water. Yeah, very cold water. In normal river water. So, very good. Very good. Australia. Very good. Next. What happened? Country president. State. If he says country is P.M. then state will go with C.M. Yes, sir. Yeah. Good. Yes, you were saying something. Sir, in the chat, what does Charlie mean? Alpha, Bravo, Charlie and Delta. A, B, C, D. Because when we pronounce, A, B, C and D, primarily B and D have a lot of confusion. So, that's why the better way of stating it. Alpha, Bravo, Charlie and Delta. It has different formats. Okay. Yeah, people keep talking to themselves. Fine. Good. Next. So, its answer is state is governor. Yeah, next. Knowledge of direction sense. South is related with northwest. So, west will be related with northeast. Very good. Simple knowledge of it. Yeah. We have done this. That is 90 plus 45. So, very good. Very good. Next. Safe is secure. What is protected? Is it conserved? Is it guard? Is it sure or not? Very good. Right or not? Preserved is conserved. Right? So, if I would just... See, we while practicing will try to relate as many as we can. Right or not? So, very good. Very good. Next. Artificial language. Bravo. Very good. Very good. Sure or not? Yeah. How? My mind is the same. Second letter is different. Okay. R is S. F is H. Clear? Very good. Very, very good. Next. Which word is it? Is it a word or a name? Right? Artificial language. Yes, yes, yes. Bravo, bravo, bravo, bravo, bravo. So, what is happening? We are writing nation. Swap A and N. Swap T and I. Swap O and N. So, R-Y will be here. N-G will be here. U-H will be here. Yes or no? Clear? Everyone, very good. Very, very good. I want it. Lucknow, Patna, Bhopal, Jaipur. So, who will be next? Indore won't happen. Lucknow, Patna, Bhopal and Jaipur. What are they? They are state capitals. Yes or no? Yes, the capital of their respective state. As far as I know, Indore is surely not the capital. Because Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh. Pune is not the capital. Because Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra. Mysore is not the capital. Because Nagpur is the capital of Karnataka. Shimla is the capital of Himachal Pradesh. Am I right? Very good. Were you trying to speak at all? Yes sir. Hmm? Vice, vice and renses were there. Please, please, please, please pick up. Okay, Alfa. Okay, fine. Next question. That is the knowledge of the world. Pathology is there. Cardiology is there. Radiology is also there. Thalmology is also there. Are all the people sick? There are three other subjects. There is an hematology. Yes sir. Yes sir. Pathology is lab test. Okay, cardiology is test of our heart. Heart. Heart. And all that right. Yeah. So the project, the report which is generated is called? Radiology. Sir Sonobh Rath. No, cardiology is generated. Yes sir, ECG. In a pro-cardiograph. Okay? Yes sir. Good. Good. Yes sir. Right? Sir, what happens in hematology? Tell me. Hemoglobin. First study of blood. Hemoglobin. Very good. Okay. Next. Clutch. Brake. Steering. Car. Scooter. Accident. Right? No part of the car. Right? Steering. Clear? Very good. Very good. Next. Steering. Car. Handle. Cycle. Motorcycle. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. Okay. Root. Stem. Branch. Leaf. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. They will have the testing of your knowledge. Not very sophisticated. General words only. General words. Border countries. Pen. Handle. Frame picture. Very good. Very good. Very good. Very good. River. Not in school. Not in school. Charli. Small roads. Big roads. Right or not? Right or not? There are a lot of books in the library. Yes. But all the books in the library don't have a single book. It only exists individually. It should be dissolved. Right? Okay sir. Very very very good. Question set. So. Repeat you said question. What? Set forms and algorithm. Yes. Clear. All of these are the questions of the analogy. Okay. And see every question as you stated Sir what is it? Will there be a pattern in every question? No. There will be a pattern in every question. The only objective for us is to analyze that pattern. Like here the only difference was everything. There was a school also. Right or not? Clear. But they do a lot. They become one. So it's like good. But if a child goes to school and assemble then the answer would have been book goes to library and assemble. Yes or no? Clear. Why option B is not correct? See why option B is not correct? Understand. The existence of reverse still remain post there. What we call it as. Clear. Post they get missable. They get dissolved into the, they get submerged into the ocean. Do they exist? In the same way. When a child goes to school their individual existence in the school remains. Books go to library and their individual existence in the library remains. Right or not? Clear. But when a child meets the main road then on that main road their individual existence does not exist. Right or not? You cannot say this. This leaf of the road comes from number 4. Clear. It's fun to discuss like this. There is arc in the circle. Yes there is. I know. The number count is not fun. The percentage fraction is not fun. The slice is fun. The segment of the line is fun. Now a little we are discussing on the lines of complexity. Now tell me Charlie and Delta is good. Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Someone has written the sequence is reversed. If it's off. Yes sir. or not. First you have to write a piece then write a big part which is correct and deal. Very very, very very, very good. Got it everyone. Got it. Very very good. Next. We measure the temperature from millimeter. So we measure the scale from millimeter. No, we don't do that. We measure the breadth from length. We don't do that at all. We measure the sun from solar energy. We don't do that at all. But we measure the heart rate from the cardiograph. This is the truth. Right or not? 9 is to 8. So it can be 16 into 17. What's the problem? It can't be. It can't be. It's small. It should be 15. What will we do? Sir, the product of means is equal to product of extremes. Repeat the line. Sir, product of means is equal to product of extremes. Sir, we have to multiply the two numbers from the bottom. And we have to multiply the two numbers from the outside. Sir, the ratio is taught in the portion chapter. Sir, I don't understand. You could ask the question in very less detail. Umm.. Very good. Sir, the ratio isn't high. Sir, product of means is equal to product of extremes. Of the two numbers, So close to the item, Let me read, how is it 18? How is it 27? Very good. This is what I want to hear. Sir, 18 to 269 into 218. Sir, 2's cube. Sir, 4's square. 3's cube. Sir, first 3's square then 2's square. This is what I want to hear. This is what happened. How I logic? Yeah, I was going to mention Rohit's class, right or not? Apply your knowledge of number series. It's actually a question of number series, right? This is written as 3's square and this is written as 2's cube. So if this is 4's square then 1's cube, this should be 3's cube which is 27. Very, very good. Understood everyone? Sir, why 3's after 4's? Because 2's are after 3's. Okay. Excuse me sir. Sir, can't we apply the logic like 8, 2's are 16 and 9, 2's are 18? Because this is here and like this is here? No. Because it will happen in sequence A, B and A1, B1 so A2, B2. Okay. So, clear? Yes. Very good. Next. This is 8t, right? Very good. Sure. 10's square is 100 and 1's is 99. So 9's square is 81 and 1's is 1. Right? No, no. Very good. See the bulb is on. Good. 8, 3's are 24. So what should we do? 8, 4's are 32. But what's the fun? If this is written as 8 then this is 4 into 2. So if this is 3 into 2 then what will be written here? 6. Right? Got it? Very, very, very good. Sure. Sir, please explain this one again. Sir, why can't we write 8? Yes, but you don't have this hint from anywhere that it has to be progressive. Yes, sir. You are saying 8 into 3, then 8 into 4 should come, right? Yes, sir. But no, because you have given an entry of a progressiveness. Because you are applying your logic over here, not a pattern. So what you are saying? See how this is related to 4 into 2 is 8. So 2 into 3 will be 6. Got it? Yes, sir. Understood? Yes, exactly, you will have to. Coincidentally, I will tell you one more thing. Coincidentally, I am not liking the options much. Okay, so because this 8 is actually, see what happens is they do not give you what we call it as an option which will satisfy the relation. Like I will tell you frankly. See, here it was written first 3 to the power 2, then the answer came 9. So I was shown that next 2 to the power 3, then 8. So if this is written, right or not? 4 to the power 2, then next 2 to the power 4, then again 16. Yes, sir. So what they do is at one time they will not give an option which will be satisfied. A series of different options which can satisfy by 2 different logics.  Clear? Why the reason is see, here there is no pattern. You can create your, you have to actually create your own pattern. So what they do is that if the answer is 27 by 2, 3 different logics, the answer will anyway come as 27. Clear? Sure. So I am not much satisfied with the way they are giving the options but it is fine anyway. Clear guys? Understood? Sure. Very, very beautiful. Come on next. 11. Good. Why? Because if it comes after the square of 12, then after the square of 13, then 11. Yes sir. Fine. Now into N is 13 into 14. Now direct relation. The position of M is 13 and N is 14. You know it. So position of 5 is, F is 6 and position of R is, yes or no? 18. Clear? No doubt. Very good. Very, very good. Very good. Shabash. Come on. No doubt. Am I correct? No. Very good. Sir, it will be B. Sir, it will be B. Yes, why, why, why? Sir, it is 88 to the and then it is 87 sir. So 16 to the and 16 to the. Okay. 8 into 2, then 8 into 7, then 8 into 4. So 8 into 9. Sir, it will be 16 and then 16 into 7. So you are like 16 upon 56 equal to 32 upon X. So X equal to 2. Yes or no? Clear? 2 6 or 12, 2 5 or 10 over 11. Yes. Very good. Sir, you have put this logic in question. Why didn't we do that in the last question? In which? Sir, in the last one. 9 into 8 is the 9 is to 8, is proportional one. This one, right? Sir, before this. Sir, before this. Sir, it is very important. Yes, sir. Sir, why didn't we put this logic in this? Which logic? Tell me what it is. Sir, it is 8 equal to 16 by X. Yes or no? Look, you are not getting any number at all. X is equal to 8 into 16 by 9. Is it any number? Got it? Yes, sir. Next. 4 is to 19. Fine. And 7 is to 7. Again, now here you cannot apply that logic. The reason is, it won't come any number. Right? Now it is logical. So, we square 4 into 3. We square 7 into 49 into 3. So, we get 52. We have the answer. Yeah. Fine. 24 into 16. 60. 24 into 60. So, who will make 120? 48 into 48 is not there. What do we do now? No, sorry. I wrote it upside down. Sorry. What will you make 120? You will make 300. 24, 5. Wait for now. No doubt. Everyone. Time is up. Guys, I hope. Okay. Now we will meet tomorrow. There are more questions ahead. We will do that too. Okay. Clear. And what we call it as. Okay. A lot of questions are left. Okay. And we will also be doing the further proceeding. Now we will move to. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No.