All right, everybody. Thank you for joining us. Hopefully you can hear me. Okay Welcome to the CPSC webinar series. My name is Shelby Mathis I'm the small business ombudsman at the consumer product safety commission and our topic today is a children's toy overview So without further ado, let me get started. I've got to begin with a disclaimer Which is that this presentation was prepared by CPSC staff I'm a CPSC staff member here at the consumer product safety commission and as a result of it being prepared by staff The views expressed here may not reflect the views of the commission So for the agenda today, we wanted to kind of start out with a broad overview and then kind of drill down to the specific requirements of the toy standard because we get questions that kind of run the gamut on Very generic questions to very specific questions on parts of the toy standard So we'll start out today by talking about children's products in general and the labeling requirements That apply to them along with the product classification and age grading that applies to them and then testing and certification requirements on children's products as a whole Children's toys are considered children's products So all those categories are going to be applicable to children's toys Just like they are to children's products in general Then we'll move to children's toys and specifically the new us toy standard, which is ASTM F 963 17 we'll talk about the requirements there everything from testing requirements to labeling requirements And it's a big standard. We're not going to be able to Cover everything today, but we are going to highlight some things that may be of interest to your business and hopefully you'll find that useful information and Then we're going to move to what I hope will be a fun part of today's presentation Which is a test your knowledge section where I'm going to ask you guys to participate In some audience polling that I'm going to do where I will Send out questions into the ether and ask you guys to guess the answers and then we'll find out whether or not you're right on What sections of the toy standard Apply to hypothetical toys Once we move through the interactive part I'll talk about what it means to be a small batch manufacturer with the CPSC and what some of the registration benefits are For small batch manufacturers, then I'll talk about children's products or certificates When you need to have them and what the content is in a children's product certificate and how you can meet that requirement And then I'll move to Business resources that are available through the CPSC on our website cpsc.gov and through things like our youtube channel Where webinars like today's webinar will appear And then finally we'll move to a q&a session that'll be at the end where I'll go through some of the questions that have been submitted And provide some answers But again as we move through the slides or as I move through the slides Please feel free to submit questions via the toolbar on the right hand side of your screen All right first off Let's talk about tracking information because this is a requirement that applies to all children's products Tracking information has to be permanently affixed to both the children's product and its packaging if it's practical to do so And the following identifying information must be ascertainable from your tracking label And this is pursuant to the consumer product safety improvement act section 103 So you want to look for these four things on your label or tracking information on the product and packaging You need the name of the manufacturer importer or private labeler You need the location where the product was produced You need the production date of the product and then lastly other identifying information Which could include things like a batch or a run number or both Or purchase order numbers, but keep in mind here that other identifying information doesn't have to be a number It could be letters Symbols colored markings a date wheel It could be your website any other types of identifying information that would help you Figure out where in your product chain a product was made Because we get so many questions on tracking label and tracking information requirements here at the CPSC Our office has actually put together in conjunction with a lot of other staff here That have expertise on tracking requirements a frequently asked questions page That's our tracking label FAQ site And it is available via the hyperlink at the bottom of your screen But again, you're not going to be able to click that hyperlink Unless you download the handout on the right hand side of the screen In pdf and then follow the link there, but it is available via cpsc.gov forward slash Tracking label and it'll have a lot of questions and answers on commonly asked questions about tracking labels In terms of product classification and age grading This is another topic area that we get a lot of questions on There are basically two categories or classifications of products One would be children's products and we consider a children's product to be something That is primarily intended for a child age 12 and under to interact with if it doesn't fall Under that definition that it's a general use product And whether or not your product is a children's product or would be considered a general use product Is something that a lot of businesses kind of struggle to figure out So again, we've put together a frequently asked questions Page that might be of interest to you guys and that's at our cpsc staff FAQs That's available via the address that appears on your screen And again that hyperlink is available via the handout for download on the right hand side of your screen under the handout section In terms of age grading and age determination guidelines the cpsc staff put together A document entitled age determination guidelines related to children's ages to toys characteristics And play behavior in september of 2002 that document is available via our cpsc.gov website It's also available via hyperlink and handout But we're looking to update that document and we've actually published a revised draft That we would like for you guys to take a look at and we would like to receive public comment on it So that draft updated age determination guidelines is entitled draft guidelines for determining age appropriateness for toys And public comment the public comment period on that document is currently open now And comments can be submitted by visiting the federal register and referencing the docket id on your screen Or again, if you want to submit public comments, you can follow the hyperlink That is available in the handout for download on the right hand side of the screen Uh important thing to remember here once you've reviewed that draft guidelines document that we're looking to Get public comment on you're going to want to make sure you comment by the deadline, which is june 11th of 2018 Now let's move into testing and certification requirements on children's products Children's products again, this does cover children's toys. That is a category of children's products Must be tested at a cpsc accepted third party lab And you have to make sure that you're testing to the applicable cpsc product safety requirements Which we're going to talk about in more detail a little bit later in this webinar Now important to remember here. There may be some exceptions that it could apply if you're a registered Small batch manufacturer, but we're going to discuss those in a little bit more detail later in the webinar today In terms of trying to find a cpsc accepted third party lab that can help you test your children's toy You're going to want to visit our cpsc accepted lab page Which we have just revamped and we hope that you'll Find it as useful as we do and it's enhanced search functionality. That's available via cpsc.gov forward slash lab search On the new lab search page, you can include multiple terms in a keyword search such as flammability in china Which would apply to something like children's clothing If you're having that made in china or you're looking to test in china You could type in flammability china in the keyword search and you would find labs located in china that can conduct flammability testing for you On the labs search page You also have the ability to narrow the search by region Which includes country city and state and you can also narrow the search by testing scope And when looking for labs, you're going to want to make sure that you include all the testing That you'll need to have done on your product so that you find a lab that can conduct all the testing That you'll need done on your children's toy Now last thing to remember here and we'll cover it in more detail a little bit later Are that manufacturers and importers once the testing has been completed on their product Need to certify that their children's toys are compliant in a children's product certificate And we'll talk a little bit more about what's included in a children's product certificate in just a second Moving on to uh actual testing requirements here The first one is lead content testing and this is a testing requirement that applies to all children's products Again, including children's toys. This is a requirement straight from congress at 15 usc 12 78 a The limit is that no more than 100 parts per million of lead can be in accessible component parts of children's toys Now in terms of testing burden reduction, we do have good news here There are several substrates that uh our agency has released via reg that we know are not going to exceed the lead limit In an untreated and unadulterated state So if you are making a children's toy that is primarily based on one of the four bulleted items shown on your screen or any of the Untreated unadulterated materials that are listed in our regulation 16 cfr 1500.91 Then you would not need to conduct lead testing on those components Of your children's toy and i've highlighted a few here, but the list at 1500.91 is pretty extensive It includes things like wood paper and similar materials made from wood It also includes cmyk process printing inks, which are inks that do not fully or inks that fully incorporate Into the substrate Or a textile for instance and don't sit on the surface Natural and manufactured fibers and dyed and undyed states There's a pretty extensive list of both natural fibers and manufactured fibers in 1500.91 That are not going to exceed the lead limit and therefore don't require lead content testing And then there's a whole list of other materials that are detailed in that regulation So if you have um a product that you're curious whether or not lead content testing is needed on or whether it might fall under this List of substrates that don't exceed the lead limit I encourage you to visit 1500.91 and you can do that again via the handout on the right hand side of your screen By following the hyperlink in the pdf version of today's presentation Now if there is paint or similar surface coatings On your product then lead in paint and similar surface coatings testing would apply And that requirement is from our regulation 16 cfr 1303 The limit there is that no more than 90 parts per million of lead can be in the paint and surface coatings on your children's toy Now let's move to phthalates which is a topic that kind of uh can trip people up In terms of what it applies to and when this testing is required Phthalates actually has a new regulation. It's our regulation 1307 It became effective on april the 25th of 2018 on goods manufactured or imported into the us as of that date So in terms of phthalates testing and when it applies the limit here applies to children's choice In child care articles and there are eight Specified phthalates now that cannot exceed the 0.1 percent Concentrations those phthalates are listed on your screen, but for abbreviation purposes. Uh, I'll go through them quickly They are d in p d p e n p d h e x p d c h p d i b p d e h p d b p and b b p And a few important things to note here Phthalates testing applies to children's toys and child care articles But only if those toys and child or child care articles Contain plastic component plasticized component materials If you're making a product that doesn't contain a plasticized component material Even if it's a toy or a child care article Phthalates testing would not apply to that product because there's no plasticized component that could contain phthalate Uh, also of note each individual phthalate is subject to the separate 0.1 percent limit Which means theoretically that you could have a compliant children's toy That contains less than 0.1 percent Individually of each of the eight phthalates that appear on the screen And the reason we've written them out and we've given um the abbreviations is because sometimes your testing reports Are going to abbreviate it and sometimes they will spell out the phthalates that the testing has been conducted on So this is should serve as an easy reference for you guys For testing burden relief on phthalates, we do have good news there our agency passed a regulation 16 cfr 1308 Which was determinations regarding certain plastics This became effective on september the 29th of 2017 and was subsequently amended on april 25th of 2018 In order to coincide with the updated phthalates rule that we just discussed Uh, because the reason this is testing burden reduction is because seven types of plastics that are listed below Are now no longer required to undergo third-party testing for compliance with mandatory phthalates prohibitions And again, we're talking about toys and child care articles here The list of seven plastics are polypropylene polyethylene high impact polystyrene Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene general purpose polystyrene medium impact polystyrene and super high impact polystyrene and again the abbreviations are there because Your documentation from your supplier or your manufacturer may Reference either the abbreviations or the full list Are the full designation of the plastics? We wanted to give you something that was an easy reference point for you So if you're curious whether or not the plastics are the plastic components of your children's toys Contain any of these seven plastics. You'll want to check the paperwork from your supplier for reference Now let's move on to the toy standard, which I think is really Why we're all here today As I mentioned the new toy standard is astm f 963 17 We have incorporated the u.s. Toy standard into our regulation 12 50 and made the toy standard Mandatory with a modification concerning sound producing toys, which we will highlight in just a second The new toy standard applies to toys manufactured on or after february the 28th of 2018 And it requires them to be tested to the applicable sections of astm f 963 17 Now the u.s. Toy standard is a copyright protected document that is available for purchase via astm.org And again that hyperlink Appears in your handout The pdf of the slides today and you're able to just follow that link straight to purchase the u.s. Toy standard from astm Also of note flammability testing is something that is included in the u.s. Toy standard at section 4.2 However, congress chose not to mandate flammability testing on children's toys So it is likely that most toys are not going to be required to be tested to the flammability test In the toy standard, even though it does appear in that standard So let's talk about some of the testing requirements, and I mentioned earlier That this is a big standard. So we're going to highlight a few of these today But I would encourage you if you're making Several different types of toys or you're importing several types of toys It might be worth it to purchase the toy standard and just take a look at the document because it is quite extensive And covers a lot of different variations of toys So in terms of testing requirements today, I just want to highlight the following The first is probably the most common test that applies to most children's toys, and that's heavy elements That's from section 4.3.5 For sound producing toys There are testing requirements specific to those types of toys And I've already alluded to the fact that this is modified by our regulation 1250 For stuff toys, there are testing requirements for both the stuffing materials And the stuff toys themselves and how they perform And those sections are referenced on your screen For toys that contain small objects folding mechanisms and hinges Chords straps and elastics. There are specific testing requirements associated with those types of toys or limitations in the length depending on the applicable component to your toy and those sections are shown at your screen of note small objects has a regulation here at the See that applies to it as well. We'll cover it in a little more detail in a second, which is our regulation 1501 For ride-on toys, there are stability and overload requirements, which we'll touch on briefly And those are at section 4.15 in the toy standard pacifiers teeters and rattles are also covered in the toy standard and have testing required for them And so do projectile toys and there are toy gun marking requirements, which we will touch on today as well We'll also go through battery operated toys and the testing requirements there in addition to electric toys that may plug into the wall Lastly, we'll touch on toys with magnets and the testing requirements there And we won't have time to cover today But it is of note because these were changes From the 16 version of the standard to the 17 version of the standard And that's expanding materials, which was a new toy category added in the 16 version of the standard Along with toy chest, which were reincorporated in 16 From the 07 version of the toy standard. So they each have their own testing requirements in the toy standard too I did want to say kind of as a disclaimer There are a lot of testing requirements in the toy standard and we're doing our best to highlight as many of them here as we can But this is not a meant to be an all-inclusive list So if you're curious whether or not there are more requirements for testing on your toy, you'll want to see the actual toy standard itself So let's kind of go a little bit more in-depth into most of these testing requirements for heavy elements The toy standard is worried about or concerned, I guess with eight elements and the migration of those elements From the toy to the child playing with the toy those eight elements are antimony arsenic barium cadmium chromium mercury and selenium And again, we've included the abbreviations for each of those elements For ease of reference in case you have a testing report that is referencing cr instead of chromium for a test that was conducted by your supplier The limits here vary by element and apply only to accessible toy components that can be sucked, mouthed or ingested In terms of testing burden relief on heavy elements testing as required by the toy standard We have a regulation r 1251 That excludes from heavy elements testing unfinished and untreated wood However, of note, the unfinished and untreated wood regulation does not include manufactured or engineered wood products However, there is work being done at our agency now to try to move For a potential regulation that would offer testing burden relief on those sorts of products as well For sound producing toys, there is section 4.5 of the toy standard that applies specifically to sound producing toys If you are making or importing a sound producing pull push toy So it would need to meet both of those requirements. It's a pull push toy that also produces sound Then you're going to want to make sure you comply with both our regulation 1250, which has a specific provision at 1250.2 c Instead of complying with the push or the pull push sound producing toy test of the toy standard So for sound producing pull push toys You want to take a look at 1250 and make sure that you conduct that alternative test from the toy standard For stuffed toys, as I mentioned, there is a test for stuffing materials at section 4.3.7 This stuffing materials test takes a look at loose fill For stuffed toys to make sure that they're free of certain types of objectionable matter And the testing there is actually outlined in 8.29 of the toy standard Of note here is if you are making a stuffed toy that's filled with brand new polyester fiber filling Or a similar non-organic brand new material Then evaluation under this standard is likely not required. The standard is trying to get at Eco recycled reused stuffing components that may contain things that weren't in the original polyester fiber fill that was brand new I also mentioned that for stuffed and beanbag toys There is a specific performance test and that's the seam strength test That's at section 4.27 of the toy standard and the testing procedure is actually at 8.9.1 If you're making or importing a stuffed toy and you want to know more about the specific requirements for stuffed toys I would strongly encourage you to visit our stuffed toys webinar, which is available via our youtube channel Through that hyperlink again Via the handout and pdf on the right hand side of your screen to learn more about stuffed toy requirements and actually see A seam strength test and some use and abuse testing on stuffed toys being conducted during that webinar I touched on the small parts regulation This has A part of the toy standard. It's at section 4.6. It's known as the small objects section It also has a portion of our regulation 1501 That is completely dedicated to small parts testing small parts present a choking aspiration and ingestion hazard And it's defined as one that fits entirely into a small part cylinder as specified in the regulation You can actually see a small part cylinder On your screen on the bottom right hand side You see that we've got a pull toy that during use and abuse testing has liberated a wheel Which also dropped A screw which fits entirely into the small part cylinder So that screw would be considered a small part our small parts regulation Bands toys that are intended for use by children under three that have small parts So that would be small parts that are produced during use and abuse testing and those that actually come with an object So are as received small parts are not allowed In toys that are intended for children under three Let's talk about stability and overload requirements for ride-on toys. There are several requirements here We're going to touch on stability There are sideways stability requirements and then for and aft stability requirements So kind of a front and back rocking and a side to side rocking stability requirements And these requirements apply to all toys intended for use by children five years old or less And the category here cut or the testing here covers Ride-on toys with three or more load bearing wheels Ride-on action type toys such as hobby horses and rocking toys Just like the one we see in the photograph here and then toy seats would also be subject to stability requirements Overload requirements not covered here, but they do apply to ride-on toys as well And are even more in depth than the stability requirements shown on your screen For pacifiers, tethers and teething toys and rattles These are a little bit complex because they contain References in the toy standard and also references in our regulations for pacifiers They're at toy standard 4.20 and our reg 1511 You'll want to make sure that you comply with both of those requirements And of note pacifiers cannot be sold with clips or other strings and that is per our reg 1511 For tethers and teething toys You'll want to make sure that they comply with our reg 1510 if they fall under the cpsc jurisdiction Along with the requirements of the toy standard which are shown at 4.22 Please note that products intended to soothe sore gums Due to teething may be medical devices that are regulated by the fda So if you are creating a teething toy or a tether in general You'll want to check with the food and drug administration specifically to see if it falls under their jurisdiction and outside our jurisdiction For rattles rattles must comply with our reg 1510 And section 4.23 of the toy standard of note with pacifiers and rattles those are two products That the federal hazard of substances act which is a Act that the cpsc enforces actually bans pacifiers and rattles that do not comply with 1511 and 1510 And that ban is actually at our reg 1500.18 of the fhsa So you'll want to make sure that pacifiers and rattles if you are making or importing those are fully compliant with the requirements on those products For battery operated toys and electrically operated toys There are requirements here that are pretty specific to those toy types for battery operated toys We're trying to address or the toy standard is trying to address the potential risk associated with battery use in toys things like battery overheating leakage explosion and fire And choking on or swallowing batteries are all concerns with battery operated toys So if you are importing or making a battery operated toy Maybe like our little cat here that's connected or a robot cat that's connected to a little battery You're going to want to make sure it's been tested to the battery operated toys provisions of the us toy standard For electrically operated toys like our sad robot here sitting down on the floor Recharging with the wall plug Electrically operated toys fall under our rag 1505 and they're defined as products intended for use by children That are powered by electrical current from a nominal 120 volt branch circuit And again, you want to make sure these comply with our rag 1505 if you're making or importing electrically operated toys For projectile toys The section of the toy standard that applies to section 4.21 And it's meant to address unexpected hazards that may be caused by a projectile firing toys And by the firing of improvised projectiles from such toys So what's an improvised projectile? It is an unexpected object that can also fit in the projectile and shoot out of it So those are the hazards associated with projectile toys and as a result very extensive section of the toy standard on projectile toys that breaks product categories down into a few different subcategories Based on projectile travel distance. There are breakpoints of 100 millimeters and 300 millimeters And then projectile toys with stored energy versus projectile toys without stored energy have different testing requirements in the toy standard For toy guns, they are covered under section 4.30 of the us toy standard And the toy standard there is seeking to address the issue of toy guns being mistaken for actual firearms You'll see in your picture On the screen of the toy gun. It's got an orange cap on the end That is actually part of the requirements of the us toy standard for toy guns As a cue that this is a toy gun as opposed to an actual firearm For toys with magnets, those are covered under section 4.38 and Per the us toy standard toys cannot contain a loose as received hazardous magnet and we'll get into what that means in a sec Nor can it liberate a hazardous magnet after use in abuse testing under section 8.25 There is a special exception in the toy standard for magnetic or electrical experimental sets Provided that they meet labeling requirements that are set out in section 5.17. So magnetic and electrical experimental sets can contain uh Loose as received magnets, but they have to make sure they comply with the labeling requirements of the section A hazardous magnet is defined in the toy standard as those that have a flux index of 50 or greater And how to calculate flux index is also outlined in the toy standard For toys that have magnets, uh, there is also a soaking test at section 8.25 point 4.1 That's required for wooden toys Toys used in water and mouth actuated toys And then lastly there is additional use and abuse testing required for magnetic toys That's outlined in section 8.25 as well at the subsections that are shown on your screen So since we highlighted So much of the testing requirements from the toy standard Let's take a look at the labeling requirements that are included there and again these are highlights There are other labeling requirements that are part of the toy standard, but we're trying to Give you a broad overview Of some of the most asked about labeling requirements that we hear from businesses The first is there's a labeling requirement for aquatic toys in the toy standard crib and playpen toys also have a labeling requirement associated with them as do mobiles Stroller and carriage toys and toys with functional sharp edges or points Toys that contain small objects small balls marbles and balloons also have specific labeling requirements As do electric toys and battery operated toys which would include battery powered ride-on toys And toys that are battery operated that contain button or coin cell batteries Have labeling requirements associated with them and then lastly toys with magnets Also have labeling requirements on them So you'll want to make sure that you check those specific provisions of the toy standard to make sure you're meeting those labeling requirements For toys that contain a small object small ball marble or balloon There are specific labeling requirements that I just kind of want to touch on briefly Toys and games that are intended for use by children older than three, but younger than six That contains small parts as received must be labeled with a choking hazard cautionary statement In addition toys that contain small balls marbles and latex balloons Must also include certain cautionary labeling statements on the product packaging and in the marketing statements In terms of what these cautionary statements need to look like on the product packaging and marketing statements You'll want to visit our regulations 1500.19 1500.20 and 1500.121 for more information on those requirements of note for the cautionary statements that we're referencing here On toys and games that contain a small part as received that are meant for children Older than three, but younger than six and those with small balls marbles and latex balloons Those statements do not need third-party testing in order to ensure their compliance You'll just need to it is your obligation as a manufacturer and porter of record To make sure that your products are meeting those cautionary statement labeling requirements All right now it's time for what I hope will be a fun part Of today's presentation, which is to test your knowledge of the toy standard And we're going to do five questions. Hopefully you'll find some of them challenging and some of them are going to be a complete breeze So first up, we've got these three multicolored pacifiers And the question here is would each colored pacifier need to be tested for chemical requirements So i'm going to put the question up On your screen and then i'm going to ask you to tell me whether or not Each of those different colored pacifiers would require separate chemical testing and your answer options are yes No, and it depends And it looks like lots of folks are participating. I'll give you guys About 10 more seconds to get your answers in. Thank you to everybody who is submitting Their guesses on what the answer is here on these colored pacifiers and whether each one needs separate chemical testing requirements All right, i'm going to close the poll and let's take a look and see what we as a group thought the answer was on whether or not Separate chemical testing was required for each of the pacifiers And it looks like overwhelmingly you guys thought that the answer was yes Each of the multicolored pacifiers would need separate chemical testing. Let's see if you were correct The good news is we're off to a good start. You guys were correct Yes, each individual component color needs to be tested for applicable chemical requirements So great work. Let's see if we can continue this trend on the next question So our second product is this Pyramid that is built with what you're supposed to assume are magnetic balls And for purposes of this question, we're going to assume this is a children's toy So we're going to assume that the age grade for it is 12 or under The question here is does the magnet soaking test at section 8.25 0.4 0.1 Apply to the magnetic toy As shown and i'm going to put the question up I'm going to have you guys guess whether or not the magnet soaking test would apply to uh this Pyramid magnetic toy And again, thank you to everybody who's voting the answers are coming in I'm going to give you guys about 10 more seconds to get your guesses in All right, and it looks like most of you have participated So i'm going to go ahead and close the poll and let's see what we as a group thought On whether or not this magnetic toy Would be subject to the soaking test And it looks like 58 percent say no And 32 percent say yes with 9 percent saying it depends. So I'd say that's a pretty even split Let's see who was right The answer here is no This toy would not be subject to the magnet soaking test because that magnet soaking test Only applies to magnetic toys with mouth actuated components Which this one does not have to wooden toys with magnets, which this is not a wooden toy Or for or to toys used in water Which this would not fall under that category either the answer here is no Speaking of water, let's move on to our next toy, which are two Water guns and the question here is do the water guns shown Need to meet the projectile toy section, which is section 4.21 of the toy standard f 963 17 so would these water guns fall under the projectile toy Testing section of the toy standard I'm going to put the question up on your screen and your answer options again are yes No, and it depends And thank you everybody for participating. It's amazing the level of participation From you guys So i'll give you just a few more seconds to get your answers in on whether or not you think These water guns would fall under the projectile toy testing section Of the toy standard All right, let's see what we as a group Thought the answer was It looks like 67 percent Don't think that the projectile toy testing requirements of the toy standard would apply to these water guns And 30 percent think they would So let's see who was right The answer here is no so the majority was correct The projectile toy testing section would not apply here because these toys are water guns And they don't actually fire a physical projectile such as a foam dart or an arrow So let's move on To our fourth product, which is this nice ride on toy And the question here is Does the ride on toy shone need to meet the sideways stability And for and aft stability testing requirements of the toy standard astm f9 63 17 So do we think that ride on toy would need to meet For and aft and sideways stability Testing requirements and the answers again options are yes. No and it depends You guys are getting even faster at submitting your answers and again I say thank you so much for participating in this I like that you can't see what everybody else is submitting because it keeps it keeps you guessing All right, since it looks like most folks have participated I'm going to close the poll and let's see what we thought the answer was as a group Looks like overwhelmingly 94 of you thought that this ride on toy would be subject to the sideways and for and aft stability testing associated with ride on toys in the toy standard So let's see if you were correct Yes, you were absolutely correct. You guys are getting great at this The reason that this ride on toy would be subject to the for and aft and sideways stability testing is because it's a ride on toy That's intended for use by children five years old and under And as a result those stability tests apply All right final product We got this nice teddy bear And the question on this stuff toy is whether or not the stuff toy as shown would need to be tested for small parts So what do you guys think? Answer options here are yes. No or it depends We had to give you a potential. It depends legal option there And answers are coming in. I'm going to give you guys just a few more seconds To submit all your responses All right, and it looks like most folks have participated So I'm going to close the poll and let's see what we thought as a group On whether or not that stuffed bear would be subject to small parts testing It looks like 80 percent say the answer is yes Say the answer is yes, although 12 percent say it depends So let's see whether or not the yeses were right And you were correct Because the toys intended for children under three And it has the potential to produce small parts via those cute little plastic eyes Small parts testing would apply to this stuffed toy So great work everybody and thank you for participating in the polling Hopefully you found that fun Now I want to move on to small batch manufacturer Requirements and the benefits Of registering as a small batch manufacturer In order to qualify as a small batch manufacturer You need to meet two requirements Which is that your gross income or your sorry your gross revenue in prior calendar year 2017 cannot exceed 1.12 million dollars And you cannot have manufactured more than 7500 units of a covered product that qualifies you for registration as a small batch manufacturer If you meet those two requirements, there are benefits associated with registering It allows you to potentially avoid third party testing at an independent cpsc accepted lab For specific tests on certain types of children's products And the reason I bring this up is because testing to the toy standard is one of those tests that you could potentially avoid Going to a cpsc accepted third party lab for if you are an eligible registered small batch manufacturer now Few things to keep in mind here are the types of tests that you are required to undergo to the toy standard There are some that may be difficult for you as a manufacturer to do At home But for more information on what types of tests you can conduct as a registered eligible small batch manufacturer Please visit our small batch manufacturer page Which is available at cpsc.gov forward slash small batch and again the hyperlink is available via the handout For download on the right hand side of your screen So I wanted to put together a chart that would kind of be a useful reference tool for small batch manufacturers That would kind of chronicle potential testing type that could apply to your children's toy On the left hand side and then go through whether or not you have to use a cpsc accepted third party lab to do the testing Whether you can rely on written assurances from your supplier and a written assurance is something less than an actual physical testing report And whether you can rely on timely component part testing from a supplier to avoid retesting Um, I I won't go through the chart because that's going to be really time intensive But a few things I want to point out For small parts in terms of component part testing Um, you may be able to rely on component part testing and avoid retesting on small parts But testing needs to be done on a finished toy Small parts testing that's not done on a completed product is not useful small parts testing So that's a caveat there and on the toy standard Can you rely on component part testing from your supplier to the toy standard? The answer is yes for chemical testing because those things aren't going to change when you assemble a toy However, the physical and mechanical testing. So we're talking Basically all the testing that we just went through including use and abuse You want to make sure that that uh component part testing or testing from your supplier is done on a finished toy Because that will impact the overall results of a use and abuse test Now let's get to children's product certificates There are seven required elements in a children's product certificate that are shown on your screen A few things that I just want to highlight are section two in a through e Shown on the screen I've listed out all the testing requirements that could apply to your children's toy And could need to be referenced in section two of your children's product certificate And these should look familiar because we've gone through each of them today during the webinar For lead in paint and surface coatings and phthalates Those would only apply to your toy if you have paint and surface coatings or if you have plasticized components on the phthalates testing Phthalates testing would only apply to plasticized components if there are none phthalates testing is not going to be applicable to your children's toy In section six, I also want to point out that if you are relying on testing exceptions or exemptions Some of which we've talked about today Then you're going to want to reference those in section six An example here would be a reference to 16 cfr 1500 point nine one Which is a list of the materials or substrates that we know won't violate Or exceed the lead limit. You're going to want to make sure that you reference 1500 point nine one for lead testing exemptions I'm going to highlight a few business resources I've got my contact information including my email address and a telephone number up on your screen that telephone number<PHONE_NUMBER> rings at three desks now So we should all be able uh, hopefully assuming we're not in meetings to answer calls So if you have questions and you want to talk to a live person give us a call on 7945 I also want to point out. We have a twitter feed at cpsc small biz if you're wondering What's going on at the cpsc? This is a great way for you to keep uh tabs on changes that could be happening Our business guidance web pages, which are available via cpsc.gov forward slash business education Are also fantastic. We have approximately 60 separate business education pages that are unique to product types So if you are importing a Uh non full sized crib and you want to know what the requirements are go to cpsc.gov forward slash business education Click on the non full sized cribs link on the right hand side of that page And it'll tell you what the requirements are for non full sized cribs I would be remiss if I didn't point out that we've updated our toy safety business education page Uh to correspond to today's webinar You can follow the hyperlink in the handout on the right hand side of your screen We also have our youtube channel where all of our webinars like today's webinars live That's at youtube.com Forward slash us cpsc And you'll want to click playlist and business education to view those webinars And then last but not least we have our regulatory robot an interactive bot that will answer questions Uh or ask you questions about your product and based on your answers will tell you the requirements for that product type In a downloadable report that you can keep yourself for records So because we only have one minute left and I want to end on time I want to point out two things Um of note for you guys before signing off today. One is if you want to stay up to date on what's going on at the cpsc Please sign up for our small business ombudsman newsletter Or if you want to know about upcoming webinars, we post those. Um, are we email out the newsletter monthly?  We would love for you to join that You can sign up by visiting cpsc.gov forward slash email and selecting small business ombudsman updates My contact information is on the screen and lastly once I end the webinar There will be a short feedback survey that pops up if you have ideas for future webinars That you would like to see or topics that you want us to cover Please let us know we would love your feedback and we really appreciate your attendance today Apologies again on the technical issues and we look forward to You attending future webinars that we have here at the cpsc small business ombudsman office Thank you and have a good rest of your day


Okay, the recording has just has just come on good morning or one. Thank you for joining us Let's take a moment to pray and then we will get started in our class today Okay Who'd like to just say a word of prayer or us together? Go ahead Prince, please Give us the good understanding that will receive Work for what lot help us and also I pray that You are with us and Holy Spirit help us to grow in your lot. Thank you And I submit this class in your hand Jesus name I pray Amen. Amen. Thank you Prince All right, so We Yesterday we started talking about these spiritual dynamics Understanding the spiritual dynamics of Urban centers of cities and so on so today. We will just continue from but we paused yesterday and Go forward from there. I'm just going to share my PDF and So what we're saying is that God is at work. So we must understand the natural dynamics It was also understand the spiritually spiritually. What was happening? So we said God is at work in cities But at the same time there are demons there Satan and his demons acting in the city We are also at work in the city and we went through Revelation chapter 2 Where we saw you know in these cities what four of them first four of the cities where Jesus is when he's speaking to the church He is also addressing what Satan is doing or what Satan is attempting to do Against the church in that city Which is very important because You know the Lord is taking time to address that And so we also as believers must be aware. What is Satan doing in the city and how do we counter those things? Okay? So there is a Let me just make sure I let people live in I don't want anybody to have okay Okay Yeah Okay, all right, so Going back to So we don't want you know To be ignorant of What what satan and his demons are doing in the city and we must always keep in mind that the real battle for souls Is a spiritual battle. So while we are doing things in the natural understanding the natural dynamics of the city which will help us in the kinds of ministries we will start Uh, you must also be aware of the spiritual side because that is also going to influence You know how we counter what satan is doing in the city, right? So that's what we're trying to put together here now In addition to what we already saw from revelation chapters two and three We also see in scripture And I've just given two references here That our spiritual beings influence natural leaders influence leaders over cities you know, that means While we are thinking, you know that Okay The leaders are there and they're doing things you must also you must not forget that Uh Let me just find I'm just looking at looking for worse here Yeah We must not forget that that there is demonic influence over cities And these demonic influence also Demons also influence leaders over cities So we see that an example of Babylon and I've given you references here I also word city of Tyre and I think one classic example is In first chronicles 21 verse one. Can somebody read this please first chronicles 21 verse one It's not on the in the in the notes. That's why I kind of just turned to it in my bible Uh, can somebody turn it to it in their bibles and read it first chronicles 21 one Can somebody read that for us? Now Satan's In Israel and moved David to number of Number Israel so David one is enough. Yeah, where's one? So it's look at look at that where second chronic first chronicles 21 verse one. It says Satan Stood up against Israel so Satan was going to go after this nation Israel What did he do? He moved on David He moved on David was David King. He was a leader And he moved David to do something God. I told him not to do so God had already given clear instruction The leader must not know How the nation of Israel just trust God that The people will be as numerous as the stars and the sky and the sand and the seashore You don't worry about numbering the people And so here It's telling satan move He was trying to go against the nation trying to disturb, you know cause some problems for the people But in an attempt to go against the people. What did he do? He influenced the leader And think about this was David. This was a god's man. This was a man who loved God who Honored God, but there is demonic Interference satan is trying to move upon this leader And moving him to do something that is wrong in the eyes of God So that, you know, it will eventually affect the people so Keep this and also in mind. So not only are demons and evils first operating in the city, but they're also, you know Trying to work through the leadership in the city or over the nation and trying to cause things to harm and hurt the people right So and we know the ultimate objective is to steal kill and destroy So he's coming to steal kill and destroy God's plan for the city God's plan for the people He wants to pervert that and so that he works towards in those directions now what I want to also understand is that One way By which we can understand what is happening in the spiritual dynamics of the city Is by looking at certain things that are happening in the natural so For instance, if we look at the culture You look at what's happening in terms of the art the dance the festivals the customs the superstitions that the people hold on to things like that It gives you a little understanding of the spiritual dynamics of the city You already look at something in the natural You know, sometimes yeah, and you can easily tell this especially in smaller settings For example in a village You know, which is easier to tell actually if you go to village and In that village if they keep in a you'll notice in some villages They may say, you know, everybody in this village is having a certain kind of Illness a certain kind of problem certain kinds of issues Now some sometimes it could be just purely natural that is You know, maybe it has to do with the food or You know, some other natural thing is okay. Yeah, some of it Maybe just just because of a certain diet or whatever they're all having common problems, but sometimes you'll also you'll find that it is spiritual and Because of the worship of certain things or certain sacrifices It is affecting almost every household in that community in that village So there is a connection the spiritual is being expressed in the life of the people in a certain way The influence and so you can pick it up quite easily when you when you observe that And so when you look at I'm just you know, when you look at culture When you look at the way things are being expressed in the natural you get some sense Of what is influencing the people When you also look at the social Geography of the people, you know, what are the religious groups? ideologies philosophies religious systems that are predominantly in that area that part of the city You get an idea. Okay. This is what's predominantly Influencing people in this area You look at the moral values. You look at, you know, how people are living their lives You look at the addictions, you know, is there a lot of You know drug trafficking or prostitution or Different things happening in you know in that area or in that part of the city Then you know, that's a problem that there's a spiritual influence behind those things Or sometimes it's human trafficking or bonded labor or suicide corruption crime Other kinds of needs, you know, you can look at, you know, what are the NGOs struggling with? You know, the social organizations, they're struggling with certain things and it's okay So there's a spiritual side to this, right? So by looking at some Of the natural aspects, which we have listed here It gives us some indication What's happening in the spiritual because usually that spiritual dynamic is expressed in the natural through many of these challenges and problems Right, so you could take some time to think about, you know, hey in the region where I am What are some of the predominant problems I'm seeing in expressed either in In the in the in the life of the people and it could be, you know, whether it's moral values or What's happening? What are some of the things that I would be able to identify easily? Right, because of the spiritual influencing the natural now I want us to understand that while it is good to observe and you know arrive at these these deductions Don't get too caught up in what is what has, you know, in the past Used to be called a spiritual mapping Now in the 1980s, especially in 80s 1980s 1990s, I think you're not on that time There were a lot of books written on spiritual warfare And and you know, this is generally it is true. We are in spiritual warfare We are fighting against Principalities and powers Rulers of darkness is so now that is true that that aspect of spiritual warfare is very true And there are a lot of good books written that told it taught us how to engage in spiritual warfare. We're very good but in that whole spiritual warfare, uh, you know Understanding that was coming to through to the church to the body of christ There are also certain elements that You know today retro in retrospect when we look back we feel like hey, this was probably impractical And unprofitable and one of them was spiritual mapping, you know, so People would go to every part of the city and to identify, you know religious places And and say, okay, because you have this religious place or that religious place Therefore, you know, this influence is existing In this community Now it might work well in certain parts of the world where there's only one religious place in, you know, a whole area But if you come to other parts of the world, you'll find, you know, so many Religious places on the road, you know every road has five or six of these That's what sense are you going to make of it, you know, so it's really impractical And so if you're going to cover an area you'll find 50 of those, you know religious places and all those kinds of things so you know, so It was rather impractical and so I would say, you know While we definitely need to observe And get a general sense don't get caught up in spiritual mapping try to look at Looking at every little thing nitty gritty of what's happening on the street because especially in Parts of the world that we live and there's a lot happening You know, and we will be wasting all our time doing spiritual mapping and we'll never get to do anything, you know Beyond that so don't don't get caught up in that instead What I strongly recommend is to learn to listen to the Holy Spirit, you know Just follow the spirit of God the Holy Spirit is Able to help us discern and when when he wants us to know certain things He's going to alert us as we stay in prayer as we stay sensitive to him He's going to alert us so one in the natural we are observant That means we are aware of what's happening and we're observant to these things We're not pretending. They're not there That is what we see in the natural the news and things to hear But more importantly listen to the Holy Spirit to so that he can tell us, you know Hey, now you have to pray like this or now you have to move like this Or you be on guard in this area Because the enemy is working actively in this area, you know, protect yourself in this area and so on Put your defenses up in this area. So be sensitive to the Holy Spirit. Okay now This whole exercise of understanding the spiritual dynamics, of course It's going to move it's going it's going to help us in how we pray And also how we carry out the ministry in the city And now I can just you know, and we all understand the importance of prayer and we do a course on prayer You've done it in your I think your first first year And we understand how we have to pray for cities pray for people pray for nations Pray for regions and we understand the importance Of that and I and I just want to you know, just share this little Testimony and this goes way back into during my college days And and I shared this because you know for us, it was a very small, you know, I studied I did my bachelor's in engineering in money pile Which in those days was a very small town It was a student community basically there they were, you know, there was an engineering college There was a medical college of dental college a law college A big school So really it was predominantly Student community an educational center You know, and it was very very simple in those days. Of course things, you know, things have changed a lot And so while I got to study there do my engineering my bachelor's in engineering I knew I said god, I know There's a work to be done in this place Please help me show me what to do and so on so First year we were doing some things, you know, just having some reaching out to people Second year we continued, you know, having some special meetings and pretty rich people Let's continue praying and in my third year in engineering college Is when we formally launched We started what we called is And every week we started meet every Saturday. We show rent a conference hall in the hotel And we started weekly meetings. We called it our believers fellowship meetings believers fellowship meetings and so we started just teaching the work So this was from my third year And so we started doing that now around the same time We also started praying so every Sunday morning Some of us would go Towards so money money pile was kind of like on a hilly hilly area So we used to go to one side Away from the campus on a hilly area And we should spend at least two hours sometimes three to four hours in prayer on Sunday mornings So we'll go from six a.m We'll start praying by six a.m on the hillside And we'll go on through nine sometimes 10 so mostly we go on through through till about 10 o'clock And then we would get back So we started praying we started praying for money pile. He started interceding. It's a god Now we want to see a move of the spirit now at that time when we started doing this The believers fellowship meetings was very small. We would have 20 people 30 people come You know, but in the morning on Sunday mornings, we people are going out for prayer We would usually have about You know six people six to eight people Going for prayer and we were praying every Sunday and there would be you know, we were so committed we said Rain or sun whatever we are going to pray And there will be times when we were on the hill slope and they were there would be heavy downpour because this was on the coast coastal side of western india Heavy raining heavy rain. We'd be sitting there, but we were praying There's praying over money pile. There's pranks in God. We want to see a move of your spirit interceding for the various things that we were aware of spiritually over Money, but you know, so I'm not saying we didn't like, you know a detailed spiritual mapping. We did not do that But just generally we knew okay. What were the struggles of students? In money pile what was going on? So we were praying we would pray we would use the word of God praying tongues Pray with the word of God and pray and spend that time two to four hours every Sunday And we continued like that for about a year and a half Now by the time I graduated I left money pile And at that time the fellowship was still small maybe 35 40 people on an average But passed on the leadership to the next person was to go to lead the fellowship and subsequently what happened was A year or the following year There was just a mighty move of God in that place And there was a great strong work that was hard-taking place and that fellowship grew to more than 250 students within I would say and I can't remember the exact things because this was a long time ago But you know within I think about two years After you know, I transitioned somebody has continued and the work was going so somewhere two years three years, whatever the work just exploded And students and I don't remember these are all students the students would come students would leave students would come students would leave You know, there was there was a there was a flowing crowd You know students would be there for generally four years five years maximum five and a half And that was a continuous flow of students But this fellowship grew to about 20 or 50 students on an average meeting and that's only some families also joined And when I look back I can say At the time that was invested in the spiritual and praying Interceding You know praying for money, but now we were all students. You know, we were not like theologians. So we didn't have you know Great ministry experience or anything We were just praying but for the work to suddenly just See a breakthrough and see it's huge impact On the lives of so many students, you know, and that work continued for many years and Lots of students from who are now in different parts of the world many doctors many, you know, of course the others all engineers and Lawyers and dentists and so on different parts of the lives were impacted through that fellowship and one Part of it I'm not saying the only but one part of it was the prayer that went in in that initial time, you know towards This fellowship and of course prayer continued In that so And for us looking back, this was a very controlled environment, you know a city is very big You know has millions of people whereas moneypal was a student community as a small town It is kind of like a controlled environment for us So where we could be very focused in our praying be very simple in our praying I think complicated it was all students mainly students praying for the community And we could see the results you could see the outcome and in the lives in the work of the spirit that was taking place in that community so I just want to what I want to impress is the whole purpose of understanding the spiritual Dynamics the natural the spiritual dynamics is to lead us into this kind of action Where one of the things is to pray now, of course, we did other things we had special seminars We, you know did a lot of outreach work that was happening in moneypal plus prayer Right prayer also was happening and he saw the fruit. So we are combining the natural dynamics and the spiritual in the work that We are doing In an urban center Okay, let me pause now before we get into the next closing chapter and I just see if there are any questions any questions Okay, all right. So I see a question there, you know So how do we handle religious festivals in within our area? City our homes here, you know, there are Hindu festivals and other kinds of Just depending on which part of the world you sorry, which part of the world you live There will be different kinds of cultural religious festivals now one is we should never get You know don't get what to say Don't feel like oh This is going to affect the church or it's going to cripple the church or it's going to affect Now don't be in fear. Maybe I should say that Now just because there is some religious thing happening Never get in fear and there's a you know, we know who we are We are the church the keys of the kingdom Have been given to us And the gates of hell will not prevail. You know, we know that so You know, we never operate out of fear or you know, all things are going to be bad for us and all of that No, never operate out of fear Right You we always know who we are and we walk in that sense of authority Now people around us may do whatever they would like to do and that's their choice. We are not Afraid of it right and then you know if We just continue to live a life that hosts the presence of God That means as gods people as the community of believers We do what we should do to Be a habitation of God's presence To be a dwelling place of the presence of God that means We continue in prayer We continue in worship and we continue living The life that we have in Christ That's being the temple of God Where we host the presence of God And when we do that nothing's going to shake us. Nothing's going to So basically don't operate in the fear don't operate out of fear Secondly do what I would be normally do to be a dwelling place of God in that community right Another question here When people come off come and after down the work when they leave I'm not sure if I understood your question. I know like what exactly were you saying when people come And they do their work and they leave meaning I didn't understand Actually, sir, I have one question that when people come church and after their work done And they leave church. So what do you do that time? And they didn't Come again church Okay, somebody has just come to church like a visiting church and then they leave or I'm not sure Actually, no actually they come for prayer and they're attending church and After some days after a few months they went because their work is done And after that they didn't come church So what to do that? Okay Oh, I understand what you're saying that People come to the church because of a certain needs And you know, they come into church for maybe a couple of months Because they have a certain need Their need is addressed and then they decide to stop coming to church Uh, and that's your question. So what should we do? Well, uh, of course one is definitely we try to reach out to people You know, even while from the beginning when they start coming We try to you know Reach out to them. We try to disciple them to other extent. We can try to You know, put their focus on Jesus. Of course, they have needs We all have needs But our focus is on Jesus. So we try to do this You know throughout their time when they're coming to the fellowship that You know our focus on Jesus and not just to get our need met and then disappear But our focus is on growing the relationship with Jesus And to know him and live for him. So we keep that as a focus Of course, God is faithful. God is merciful. He will meet needs But we need to emphasize So if if our preaching and if our ministry is need-based Then people's response will also be need-based And if you only keep saying well Jesus will heal you and Jesus will deliver you, which is true. It's not wrong. That is true But then people will think that okay I go to Jesus only when I need healing or when I need deliverance or when I need something So their relationship with God is also need-based So when their need is okay, fine, then they disappear and then until you know, they're in Another situation of need But if our preaching and teaching and our we are telling them look, this is relationship With God you're in a life relationship with God And we're learning how to live out of that relationship. Then it's not a need-based thing it is I am walking with Jesus Because I want to grow in relationship with him and let that relationship affect my life And of course in the process I have needs I will present my needs to the Lord and he will minister to me and so on So then what happens people understand Even when my needs are met and everything is fine. I'm still growing in relationship So that will you know ensure that they continue To grow spiritually and be a part of the community of believers Okay So, yes, sir. Thank you, sir Welcome So now let's just go to the last section in this introduction as we learn about urban church planting Which is just a quickly look at some some, you know lessons from The book of acts All right, and I will just say you know share some of these things very quickly You know, we could take a lot of time to read and examine each of these but I will just highlight right some of these things So we know in acts chapter one This was right after the resurrection of Jesus acts chapter one Jesus Gives his apostles and The early believers The account here in acts one tells us that about 120 of them He says look, you're going to be my witnesses In Jerusalem in Judea and some area to the ends of the earth. So that's that's the vision. That's the mission Right. This is going to start in Jerusalem But it's going to go to the ends of the earth right and you can imagine these True, I mean the 11 apostles and they are the 12th one added and there were 120 people and you know, Jesus is telling them From here, it's going to go to the ends of the earth And they're they're probably like, you know, they're just a small group. How is it going to happen? But then acts up to The day of Pentecost takes place. Holy Spirit is poured out And we see how the church in Jerusalem, you know, when you look at acts two all the way through acts eight It covers the an eight-year period approximately And then in that eight years from acts two to acts eight We see how the church in Jerusalem just exploded right and if if we were to say, okay, what were the main things that helps in the growth of this church in such a powerful way We can highlight a lot of things and we could say well, there was strong teaching the apostles You know, they were discipling the believers in whatever they learned. We see this in acts two There was constant fellowship. They were meeting from house to house. There was prayer and worship They were engaging in prayer and worship There was there was a demonstration of God's power and healings signs and wonders and there was community so the people were sharing with each other the things they had and there was also resolution of problems so when there was a problem between The Greek speaking Jews and the Hebrew speaking Jews You know, they resolved the problem and so they maintained that unity There was a great sense of reverence for God the Bible tells us so we could highlight these things, you know And I say wow, this was here was a church. These are the characteristics And this church in Jerusalem was powerful. It was impacting the city of Jerusalem You know, so this church Was really impacting the city and that's what we're talking about. We're talking about cities We're talking about impacting cities and definitely the church in Jerusalem Was such a church. It was impacting the city But what I want to highlight very importantly is that in this eight-year period the these believers Thousands of them were so equipped in God were so strong in God that when a big wave of persecution came Which dispersed the community so all of a sudden, you know Thousands of people were displaced Because of persecution So the church in Jerusalem may have been about 20,000 people That's a rough estimate what people say that in eight years it grew to about 20,000 just as an estimate But when there was persecution thousands of people were scattered. They had to leave Jerusalem So many of them would have gone back to their own hometowns where they came from Many of them went into all the neighboring towns and villages around Jerusalem and they all went up all the way north Up into Syria in Antioch Some of them went over You know various places so The church in Jerusalem was scattered, but it didn't cause the church to die overnight the church multiplied So when these Believers were dispersed It only resulted in the multiplication of the church. Why because the believers were so strong So where were these believers went? They reproduced the church So example is in acts eight Philip goes to Samaria And he preaches Christ there and the church is established there Who was Philip? He was a helper in the Jerusalem church but when he Even he was scattered that means when he had to leave because of the persecution When he went to Samaria, he just preached Jesus How church was established and so you know you read about in acts 11 That some of the believers were who were scattered in acts eight when they went up On the way to Antioch the city of Antioch in Syria north of Jerusalem way north in Jerusalem They planted a church there And so everywhere churches were planted So that's what we can say about the initial church in Jerusalem was so powerful when it was persecuted it just multiplied Then we see later on we see the transformation of Saul And then from acts 13 onwards we see Saul's ministry, you know how he went and ministered in cities So we can quickly go through some of the examples In acts 13 you see how when paul came To pathos The city of pathos there there is a governor. He's a very intelligent intelligent man but He was also a very spiritual man. He's very interested in spiritual things but Paul demonstrates the power of God and This man Sergius paulus in acts 13 a very intelligent man He turns to Jesus Christ when he sees the power of God and he hears the teaching about Jesus So we see that there was a spiritual encounter Which caused the leader to change and obviously when the leader changes, you know, there could be many others who Would follow his Choice and they say wow, you know a leader is making a choice. So Maybe we should also follow we don't have too much of a record on that but we have a record of how the leader of How sergius paulus was affected in act 17. We see paul journeying through teslonica through beria through to Athens when he comes to Athens You know how he Preaches the gospel in Athens. So Athens is a very interesting case study because It was an intellectual city So it's nice to observe, you know, paul took time to survey Athens I to understand what was going on in that city and then he presented christ To the intellectuals of that city in a church was planted in acts 18 he comes to Corinth Corinth is a very sinful city quite different from Athens and we see how paul along with the aquila and priscilla They stay in Corinth for quite an extended time for about a year and a half And they're working. They're making tents, but they're also establishing a church there We don't have too much details about Everything that happened, but we know a strong church was established Now then he comes to Ephesians And you read about this in acts 18 and acts 19 and Ephesians is a different kind of a city in Ephesians The goddess Diana is being worshipped And it's a very spiritual city, right? So Athens a very intellectual city Corinth a very sinful city Ephesians a very spiritual city they're all worshipers of the goddess Diana and You know But but but in that city the power of god is so demonstrated That people turn from their witchcraft they turn from their In all the black magic they bring everything and burn it To the point where the people who are worshiping goddess Diana get upset Because their business goes down people are turning away from You know buying merchandise the idols of goddess Diana. Now they've stopped buying it And they're following Jesus. So, you know, you see the dynamics over there So just some examples, you know, if you look at this and we could even look at acts 16 And Philippi I've not listed here, but how God how Paul goes in the Philippi and there it's again There is a spiritual encounter there that affects the whole city So if you look at how what happened in Philippi you look at what happened in in Athens you look at what happened in Corinth You know, you look at what happened in Ephesians, you know, these are, you know You can you can just pick up a few insights here of how these people ministered in the cities of their day when they went You know, and any city was different like we mentioned The very spiritual cities are very intellectual cities. So very sinful cities different different cities And and and they served the minister and they established churches Which became strong churches to which Paul later on You know, he writes many of his episodes to these churches that had been established all right, so Paul as he journeys He goes to some of these major cities. So, you know, just to Bring this to a close It is estimated that Paul Through his through three missionary journeys touched at least 50 major cities of his time so He definitely would have stopped in numerous villages Our communities which, you know, are probably not even recorded for us but It is estimated that he affected 50 major cities All the way to Rome. So, you know, when you go on later on in an axe Paul Is sent to Rome and he spends at least two years in Rome and although he is under house arrest imprisoned in Rome it is influence reaches all the way to Caesar because the guards who come Paul witnesses to them Paul shares the gospel with them and they are Taking the message back into the palace While Paul is waiting for his turn to be tried The message has already gone into the palace through the Roman soldiers so everywhere Paul is reaching influencing cities and about 50 cities in his day He influenced Just by physically going there traveling on road or traveling through ship and impacts the city so The point I just want to bear across in our hearts is in the book of axe We see urban missions being played out for us Now, we don't have all the details Other than you know, what is given to us and we can pick up a few things here and there but the fact is cities or missions to city Was an important important part in fulfilling axe 1 8 Jerusalem Judea Samaria and to the ends of the earth Cities was an important part of that. I'm not saying it was the only part, but it was an important part of that. And so today Even in our day and time Cities are very important probably more important because people are moving into the cities So, you know with this we've kind of given a little bit of introduction to urban church planting or planting studying churches and ministries in cities As you go into the next section, we start talking about the natural dynamics. We start getting into, okay You know, here's how we start doing things just the practical things The goal is just to share with you, you know, some of the lessons we have learned Both, you know while we worked in Bangalore and other places Starting Churches or starting ministry works What are some practical things we need to keep in mind, you know, now we're going to talk about Ground level, you know, when you're down at the trenches You're you're starting to dig. You're starting to lay the foundation What are some of the things to keep in mind? How to go about it? How you know some things to think about I'm not saying That everything we are going to learn you will have to use every time. No These are just ideas. These are just some practical lessons And in different situations, you may use some of them And it will be helpful As you think about either starting a church Or a ministry in urban center Okay, so any questions before we close for today any any things you want to ask so far um, I don't see any questions so we're gonna close in prayer and then We will you know get into the section two The natural dynamics Next week and get into all the details. Okay So I want to just ask somebody to please close us in prayer and dismiss the class could anyone Anyone could pray and close please Who wants to Aaron you want to pray? Yeah, sure Let me pray Lord, thank you for this day. Thank you for letting us understand each day as we are talking in your word Lord, thank you for letting us understand about a spiritual dynamic of urban center Lord Any word says that uh to put the whole armor so that lord we can stand against evil works So lord help us to be more sensitive in spirit and help us to progress to walk by faith not by sight and lord Let us all hold into our calling and give the heart Of zeal who will say yes, and I will go lord So lord, thank you for this day. Thank you for For everyone to attend this class and lord. Thank you, especially lord father. We just want to say thank you for pastor I should love other for using him uh as a channel Of blessing lord so lord lord We just want to say thank you lord And thank you for being with us throughout this day lord. So I submit all the students Into your loving hand in Jesus name. I pray amen Amen. Amen. Thank you everyone. Thank you See you again