Hey everybody, I'm Gary Kessler here and welcome to talk about putting an AIS receiver on a Raspberry Pi. Hope everybody can hear me okay. Sort of strange giving a presentation to a bunch of people from an office, but off we go. Let me put on my screen here. Hang on just a second. So right now you see me watching you watching me. So we're crossing the beam here. So let me get to the right page. That's not the right page. Let's go here. Now you all know that I watch Longmire. So I'm gonna talk about setting up an AIS receiver on a Raspberry Pi and I'm not gonna assume that anybody has a lot of background in any of this, but obviously through comments in Q&As you'll tell me where I went too deep or not deep enough. But in any case, there are a lot of different ways to build a receiver in any number of formats. I like the Raspberry Pi because it provides a mechanism where I can take a cheap machine and have it dedicated to task. To give you an idea of that, just tell you where it is we're going. I'm sitting here in my office right now, but over here, if I point this in the right direction, right of that, here's my TV screen showing my current AIS information I'm getting. Right there, I think if I'm pointing correctly and if I get this in focus, there's my Raspberry Pi. And now I'm about five miles from the water, so I'm not getting a lot of signal, but back up here over my shoulder, there's my antenna clipped to my bookcase and again connected to the Raspberry Pi, connected to my TV screen. In any case, what I'm going to do, I have a second Raspberry Pi here, so I'm going to start from there and just give you a little bit of background. So first of all, I will say I've got a page on my website. If you go to GaryKessler.net, I egolessly named the domain after myself. If you go to GaryKessler.net, you can get this web page. And if you want way more background on AIS, there's a couple of links that I give you up here. Actually, the Wikipedia page has a lot of good information, but of course you can go to the Coast Guard NAB Center and get their overview. International Association of Lighthouse Authorities has a really good overview as well. But in any case, sort of let me tell you where we started here. Now again, without making too many assumptions about what you all have played with or not played with, if you haven't seen before, this here's a Raspberry Pi. This one is a little bit old. This is, as you can see there, if I can focus this. Yeah, there we go. Okay, so this is the Model B. I think there are a couple beyond that now. But in any case, stock standard Raspberry Pi, a whole bunch of USB ports and ethernet port as well. Here's where there's an HDMI connection as well as power. This is the general purpose IO bus back up in here. And let me go back to being live and personal. Anyway, so that's your stock standard Raspberry Pi. Now, there are also a number of ways where you can connect an AIS receiver. You can get some, it'll plug right into the USB port. What I got was this device from Wegman, the Daisy AIS receiver.  So AIS broadcasts on two channels, what they call channel A and channel B. I don't see much use if you're going to be doing research and you're trying to gather data. I don't see much purpose in getting a single-channel AIS receiver. It is true in my experience most of what I've seen. Gips that are broadcasting on channel B are also broadcasting on channel A. But again, there's probably no really good reason not to get both channels. In any case, this is, you know, like I said, this is the Daisy AIS receiver. And for those of you who'd like to look at Superdream, that's the back part. So let me go back around here. In any case, so the first part in getting this together also when you buy the piece parts is you're going to have to buy an antenna. You're probably going to want to buy an antenna. You'll need a marine antenna because that will pick up the appropriate VHF channels. Read carefully on the antenna connector. I found that they use a whole different nomenclature. You know, every industry has its own vernacular. Antenna people have theirs as well. You probably want to get what's shown here is the stock standard marine antenna connectors. And you're going to need an adapter to go onto the Daisy hat, which again is what I used. So there's the antenna connector on the Daisy hat. So what I have here is an adapter. This goes onto the Daisy hat side. This is a stock standard bayonet connector for here. Here is the antenna connector. This is the part that goes to the marine antenna. And then here is the bayonet, the female connector. Anyway, so eventually this piece is going to go onto the Daisy hat. This piece is going to go on to that connector. And this piece is going to actually connect to the antenna itself. Oops. Just learning how to use a computer. Anyway, the operating system for the Daisy hat is going to fit onto a micro SD card.  I would get the biggest one that you can just because it provides you more of an opportunity if you need to store a whole bunch of data. Micro SD card probably won't fit in your computer. Luckily most micro SD cards these days come with an adapter. So they can plug into stuff. But you know basically this is like most of my piece parts. I'll put that there. So it'll be in the camera range. So installing Raspbian is something that I'm not going to, hang on just a second. I'm getting a message here that I think I need to take a look at. They're not, you're not seeing the Raspberry Pi. So do I understand you're not seeing my camera? Okay. Now, okay. Now they are. All right. Anyway, on the Raspberry Pi I chose to install Raspbian and then pull open CPN. And so the rest of what I'm going to talk about is basically about that. On my page I mentioned that there is a whole different direction you can go in if you want. If you go to the website AIS Hub, I've got a link for their RPI AIS, which is AIS Dispatcher for Raspberry Pi. And what Dispatcher will do it basically acts as an intermediary to accept AIS feeds and then pop them out where you want them to go. That site is a really excellent site and has a lot of really good information as well. But that's not the direction I'm going to go in right now. But I'm going to talk about is just again you stock standard pretty much vanilla with my Raspberry Pi using the Noob's operating system. And again the operating system is going to go on the microSD card. There are a lot of places out there that give instructions for how to do this. And the reason I put this page together actually is I don't really have a lot of information here. It's really unique to anything that I made up. But I found I had to go to about a dozen sites to get all the information together so that I could actually figure out how to do this. So I decided to build this page because for me it provided a roadmap that if I needed to get in six months I've got a place to go. In any case relatively easy to get Noob's onto the microSD card. And then basically after you have put the operating system, I'm going to get this off my card here. So I've got the operating system on my microSD card and it just goes into the... Oh, there it is. It just goes into the Raspberry Pi. And that is all of your local storage. That is your disk drive. That's your operating system and your bootable device. So of course the joy with the Raspberry Pi is you can have a whole slew of different operating systems and you change the personality of the Raspberry Pi by what SD card to put in. One of the reasons I like having a big SD card, like I said, is if I'm doing local storage of stuff I can keep it all on the SD card. Clearly with four USB ports I could also plug in all the external storage I want. So once you have gotten the software installed, you're going to plug the thing in. At this point you need to have some IO devices. So you do need to have a keyboard and a mouse and a monitor of some sort, at least for the initial phases. And so when you start the system up, you'll get some sort of boot screen and you'll tell it, you know, you want to install full Raspbian and just let it go. Now at this point you have an operating system. You now need to configure the Raspberry Pi. So I give you a little bit of instruction to do that, but what I'm going to do is try to show you a little bit more dynamically and live. So the application menu is usually up in the upper left. It's the Raspberry Pi icon. And if you go down to preferences and then Raspberry Pi configuration, here's where you get to configure the things about your system. So here's where you can put in your password, you can put the name of the computer and all this kind of little stuff. One of the most important parts is going to be on the interfaces. If you want remote access to the Raspberry Pi, and I recommend that you do, be sure to enable SSH and VNC. SSH is going to use TCP port 22. VNC I think uses port 5900. You probably want to have the serial port enabled either since you're going to put something onto that serial port. And then there's some other things you can configure here. One that I do recommend is to set your locale. If nothing else, be sure you're in the right time zone and then you might want to do some other things about what country you're in, what language and all those kind of things. But those are the two biggies. You do need to set the Wi-Fi country. And I must admit, I know you need to do it and I haven't explored deeply as to what happens if you configure a different country. But well, anyway, I'm going to cancel this because I didn't really want to accidentally change anything. So anyway, so this is all the stuff, like I said, you can configure on the Raspberry Pi. Now, it turns out, of course, you can use the GUI or you can use a command line. And here's some instructions on using the command line. I just do a sudo raspy-config and pop up actually the same screen. Now, you might want to put your Raspberry Pi onto a Wi-Fi network. And if you have a Wi-Fi network that it's broadcasting its SSID and doesn't have a password and you're not physically connected on the ethernet port, the Raspberry Pi should pick up that Wi-Fi network. However, if you want to connect anything else like a Wi-Fi network that doesn't broadcast SSID and or requires a password, then there's a file that you need to edit and put the information in about that network. This is one of the reasons I'm not going to show you the file that's sitting on my Raspberry Pi because everything is in plain text and I'm not, you know, don't know that I want to share my password right now. Anyway, so what you need to do is go to this file, the Etsy underscore sublookant.com file. Nano is a nice little GUI editor that comes on the Raspberry Pi. In any case, so what I've done here is I'm showing you how you could configure two different wireless networks. So in the first case, I've got a guest network. There's no password, but in this case, the SSID is not being broadcast. So the SSID for the guest network is guest. Anyway, so that's what that would look like. Then I've got another network called owner and owner in this case does have the password. The password is secret and it uses WPA. So this is what those kind of commands would look like to, you know, indicate that network. So let me just go back here for a second and I want to get back to my video actually. Just click the video. Just click the video off. Sorry about that. Sorry, we're all still learning the tools, particularly me. So I'm going to go back to Firefox here. So basically at this point, you've got your Raspberry Pi now can listen on SSH or VNC. You've got it connected to the wireless. So at this point, you could take out your, you know, well, keep plugging into your monitor if you want, but you don't need your keyboard anymore and you don't need your mouse because you can now I'll do that remotely if you want. I do have a couple notes about the screen resolution because I found that I had to play around a little bit with that. And you can go into the config.txt file which is in the boot directory and there are a number of different screen sizes you can try. What I found on this was I had to play around a little bit and experiment and eventually I found something that worked. So now that I got the Raspberry Pi gun, the next thing is installing the Daisy hat. Now again, I'm going to assume that many of you have played with this kind of stuff before, but there's probably some of you who haven't. So on the Raspberry Pi, I've got these two rows of pins back in here and on the Daisy hat, I've got the socket that goes into it. Let me get that a little bit further down. And all I can say is if you've never played around with, you know, putting sockets on the pins, just do it slowly, carefully, and make sure everything's lined up the first time. The other thing is you'll notice I actually have this in a case. You don't actually need to have it in a case, but I thought it was better, more better protected that way. So I mounted the Raspberry Pi onto the case. You see the standoffs. If you're going to do this, there's some standoffs for the for the Daisy hat as well. You know, this is the time to put those in. And then like I said, it's a matter of, you know, be sure that you've lined up the socket correctly this way. And actually it's not, but I can't I can't see it as well as the camera can. And be sure that you've lined it up correctly, you know, here as well. And once you have everything lined up, let me try to get this in here. This is this is the problem of doing anything live, isn't it? Just be sure that you squeeze evenly on both sides and slowly. And there you go. I mean, it's like that. And then of course, you screw it to the standoffs. And then you build the rest of the case. You can probably guess this is why I took a part one to put back together, but I'm not using that live because I'm not going to square everything back in together. Anyway, once you get the Daisy hat installed, that's really all you need to do. I get some instructions on how to load a program called GPIO that allows you to look at your GPIO pins. You can do that or not do that, depending upon if you want to track all those things. I put in the software, but it's absolutely not necessary to do. There's also a program called screen, which again, provides you some useful information about anything on your serial board on the Raspberry Pi, but it's not essential to the operation of anything related to AIS. So I'm going to sort of skip over that. And what I want to do is I want to bring you to open CPN. So I'm running open CPN on the Raspberry Pi. I'm also running it on my Mac. And so there's slightly different views here from what I'll show you on the Raspberry Pi. But the open CPN is open chart plotter. Open CPN runs on just about all software platforms except iOS. And basically, you know, like with any electronic chart display, you see all the targets out here. The targets are color coded actually by type of vessel. And with AIS, they're identifying their type of vessel. Right here, I've got one. I don't really know much about it. But it apparently is a ship from Norway. It's a class A vessel, which means we're going to be getting more information on its position reports. But you'll see here, you know, you've got its speed, its course heading, rate of turn. A vessel like this at this speed ought to be broadcasting, well, certainly no more than about 10 seconds before their transmission. I'm a little bit surprised that we're up to four minutes now. Possibly that's due to range. But in any case, I can look at any one of these other vessels of baby cakes. I can know that just because I see it in the harbor all the time. Right now, it's probably parked. It's a smaller vessel. It's a smaller vessel, by which I mean it's a yacht. It's a class B vessel, so it's not required to transmit AIS messages. But in any case, so open CPN, again, being open source and has a nice version for the Raspberry Pi, you can, you know, download the software at the open CPN.org site. They have more documentation than you can shake a stick at. But again, there's all sorts of information there about how to install open CPN.  Most importantly, is building yourself a PGP key file on the Raspberry Pi. And how to be sure that you get the key so that you can actually install open CPN when you have gone through the first process here. So once you've got the key, you know, hear the steps right here to install open CPN. And like most things, you're waiting for a lot longer than you're actually typing in instructions. But once you get open CPN on your computer, you now have other things you need to play with. So I'm going to go back to open CPN here. And you're now going to need to configure open CPN. Now, one of the things I want to show you, because I found this to be and continue to find it to be one of the, if anything an open CPN is difficult, this is the most difficult step. And that is getting charts. So you have to be familiar with charts and how they're organized, at least in in the United States. So when you want to add a new chart, and you can get charts as you may know, from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration from NOAA, you can download every chart in the United States in a variety of formats. You can download them as a PDF so that as a person, you can read them, or you can download them in a number of electronic formats, ENC, being the most common. And so basically, what you need to do if you want to add a chart is, well, you can go to chart group here, if you want, you can add new groups of charts. The easiest way is to go to chart downloader. And in this case, you can see that I have four catalogs on my computer right now. I've got the catalog for California, Florida, Connecticut, and although it's not all shown here, for Coast Guard District One. The reason I downloaded all of District One's catalog was because I wanted charts from Vermont, but they don't actually have charts for Vermont. The Vermont charts are in the District One catalog. So that's one of the other things you sort of sometimes need to fight through. But so if you want to add a chart, you just go to add. And then you get to choose, from where do I want my charts? I usually want USA and NOAA charts. So I open up that. And then I can decide, okay, do I want the RNC or the ENC charts? The RNC or the rastrographic, they're not used very much anymore, or I can get ENC charts. And now I can download all the ENCs. I can look them up by district. I can look them up by state, look it up by region, what have you. So if I want to look it up by state, for example, well, obviously here's my states. So let's say I wanted to get charts from Illinois. I could go to Illinois, click okay. And it now has just added the chart. But what it wants me to do is now update. So the next thing I need to do is update. So it gets all of those. And now you'll notice down here, it has a list. Now those of you that are familiar with charts know that the charts are numbered. The numbers are only good in OpenCPN as a mechanism to help you find the name of the chart. Because you'll notice in the catalog down here, everything's by name. So like I said, you just need to know the name of the chart. If I wanted to download, let's say the Chicago Lakefront chart, I merely click on it. I download selected charts. And now those charts are available to me in OpenCPN. So I'm gonna say, okay, so it's all here. And there's actually, there really is a reason I'm showing you this. Alright, so if I back out of here, all the way, I'm going to take a look at the United States. And what you're going to see, well, maybe I'll go in a little closer, what you're going to see here is a bunch of green boxes. These are all of the places where I have downloaded charts. So remember, I have the California catalog? Well, all I have from California is some charts up in the San Francisco Bay Area. Here's Lake Shean Plain, my Vermont charts. I have some charts from the new London area in Connecticut. The chart we just downloaded in Illinois. Here are some of the Florida charts that I have. This is mostly the Pensacola area. And the rest of what I have is here where I am in Daytona. So I have access to every chart in North America. But of course, I haven't downloaded all of them because, you know, I'm not looking at all of them. And right now, for the feed that I have, I really only care about this area here. Because for me, again, in Daytona, this is the intracostal waterway in my neck of the woods. So it's going to take a couple seconds while all of this reloads. But anyway, so hopefully you sort of get the idea here. Anyway, that is the process that I'll describe here, out downloading charts. Now, the next thing you need to do is figure out, okay, I'm going to display AIS data. Where am I getting it from? So once again, I'm going to go back to here. And I'm going to go to the connections. And so there's a variety of ways in which I can get data. I have myself set up three connections. One of them is that I get data from an antenna that I have at the university where I teach at every Rital Aeronautical University. So I've got a device there called SSIA-AIS.ERAU.EDU. And I connected that device over the internet on port 4000. That's where I get a feed. It's at this point, public, I mean, any of you could point there as well, if you're interested in what's going on in Daytona. I'm going to move this out of the way here a little bit. All of these boats that I'm seeing here, that's coming from that feed from Rital. Now, on this particular computer, I'm not set up on the serial interface because I don't have an antenna on this computer. But if I switch back over to my, I'll go back to my Raspberry Pi, you'll notice the interface is slightly different.  But the two that are active, one is coming in again from SSIA-AIS.ERAU.EDU. And the other I'm set to the serial port. So my Raspberry Pi can also be pulled in and stuck from the antenna. So my office is about, oh, I would say five or six miles from the river and from the ocean. And since you saw my antenna, it's only about seven feet high. I'm not picking up a lot of feeds. So most of it's coming in from the antenna at the university, which is, like I said, up about 75 feet up. I will tell you one funny story. Because when I was first experimenting with this, I had all this stuff at home. And home is 10 miles from the ocean. So I'm fooling around with it one day. And right here, this window here is the NMEA debug window, because I checked the box. So you see I'm getting traffic and you can see where it's all coming from. So I'm sitting at home and I'm not getting any data, but I'm not expecting to. And all of a sudden, I get a hit. I have an AIS message come in on my serial port. And I go crazy because I'm very excited. So I take the message and I parse it. And I look at the latitude and longitude, and I position exactly where the thing is. And it turns out I live about one mile east of I 95. And the latitude and longitude showed a boat going at approximately, you know, on a heading of approximately 210 degrees at 65 knots. And I said, they're in a boat anywhere doing 65 knots around here. Well, the latitude and longitude put this boat in the southbound lane of I 95. So clearly this boat sitting on somebody's trailer, they didn't turn off their AIS. And this guy zoomed down the road, and I got one of its transmissions. I was very excited. Anyway, I'm gonna go back here. So this is how you set up your connections. So you can set up a serial connection, as I show here. If you set up a serial connection, it's going to automatically be an MEA 0183 protocol. You're going to want to set the data rate to be 38, 400, because that's probably what the data rate is going to be over the year. Or you can set up network connections. And for the network connections, it's going to need an IP address or a host name, and you'll need the port on which to read. So it's getting all of this obviously over the network. And again, you've just seen already, but this is what the what the debug window looks like. And let's see, so this is this was stuff coming in on the serial port. This was stuff coming in on a network port. I'm not 100% sure why I decided to hide that IP address. But I did. Now it also turns out that if you want to get one of these feeds live, if you go through OpenCPN, one of your problems is there's no way to take the information from the debug window and get it in any usable form.  I'll make a new one. And I just do, you know, an NC to SSIA-AIS.erow.edu, port 4000. Hopefully I'll start getting some data. There we go. So I can get the feed this way. And this is something I'm actually going to talk about in a later talk when I when I talk about AIS and GPS spoofing. But one form of spoofing is a replay attack.  This is a way of collecting data. So I've actually written a program that'll do this for you, but you can also do it for yourself. There's a reason you don't want to collect data in this format and then replay it. And the reason is you don't have a timestamp, you don't have relative timing. But more on that later. In any case, let me go back to this. So like I said, there are a variety of ways where you can get the raw feed if you just want to see a raw feed. Now, one of the other things you can do, of course, is you can set up OpenCPN to display stuff that you are sending it from your computer. So you can either set up OpenCPN to read from somebody else's TCP socket, or you can set up Open CPN and write to OpenCPN. So in this case, let's see, when I set up my network connection up here, you'll notice I was receiving input on this port. I can set up another port that I can then output on this port. So what I now need is if I have a program that will write to port 7777 on this computer, as I've configured it here, this provides another mechanism where I can show stuff. So again, I'll be talking about that later on as well. So in this case, what I did was I set something up where my serial port is an input port, network port 7777 is an output port. And this is what the debug window looks like, because it shows that I'm reading on the serial port and writing to port 7777. Again, there's a variety of ways of using OpenCPN for some really, really clever stuff. Anyway, so I mentioned this program that will read for you. So I have a program called Time Stamped Data. It's on my website. It's software that's available and we'll be making that available here. But if you run Time Stamped Data, here's the help file. Excuse me. Again, if you specify an IP address and a port number, and whether you want to use TCP or UDP defaults to TCP, you can now download data for some period of time. The program defaults to five minutes, but you could set it as far up to a week if you want. And what this will do is this will download the data and it will include a timestamp. So what it does is as it shows here, it creates a program or creates an output file that looks like this. It's basically a pipe symbol, delimited file. So here you can see I've got the year, day, date, hour, minute, second, and then the UNIX Epic Time format of that.  Comma is not a unique character, an AIS message. And there are a lot of symbols that you might see. So pipe by new would be at least unique. If you don't like pipe, you can go into your tech file and do a global search for a place for a different delimiter, but just be careful that you don't duplicate something. The other thing is by having here the relative timestamp, the message I just brought in, if I turn around and replay this, I can replay it and I get the same relative timing. So this really was not designed for a replay attack. It was designed so that I could gather data and then replay it in real time and actually see what was happening because I have another program called Play AIS where I can replay this file. I can actually speed it up and slow it down as well. Anyway, so I've already talked a little bit about sending data to open CPN. If you don't have a timestamp, everything just overwrites itself. And so if you've got like 10 AIS messages from the same vessel and you replay the file, what you'll see is the last message because the first nine got overwritten by the by all the following ones. Another tool you should know about for this is there's a really, really cool NMEA simulator and it generates NMEA sentences and or AIS sentences and it is really, really a cool program. For good or for bad, it only runs on Chrome. Can't explain that. This is the only application I actually run Chrome on. But as you can see here from the dashboard and the other ways in which you can set this up, you can pretty much simulate whatever you'd like. You can put yourself in a particular position. You can get your vessel headed in a certain direction. You can give yourself a rate of turn. You can do all sorts of cool things and then what you can do is you can hook yourself up to a server and you can actually output the information that the simulator is creating. So you could create information such as this. I set up my simulator. I have it right to open CPN and then I can have it play on open CPN. It's really, really a cool tool. So last but not least, how do you interpret this data? For those of you who like to get into code, Eric Raymond has an AIS protocol decoding page. You can see it's purple. I go there a lot. Well, I mean, I may as well go there. He has here, like I said, a lot of information about the NMA0183 format. Not only the format, but what all the messages are, what the contents are, to a certain degree how to encode the contents. AIS does not show information in any sort of clear way that a human can understand. So for example, we've already seen a couple of these. This message right here where I'm sort of moving my mouse, the AIVDM, comma one, comma one, comma, comma A, comma, you know, all that jazz. There's a special encapsulation method that AIS messages use. Eric's page talks a little bit about that, how you can get everything into a six-bit byte and armor to ASCII and all that kind of stuff. But what you can do is you can take these AIS messages that you get and you can go to a place such as the site I've gone to here is Maratek Solutions, plop in the AIS message and it will interpret it for you. There are a whole bunch of other AIS parsers online and I've given you some links on my page here and I've written a bunch of tools for this because for some of the research that I wanted to do I was trying to create some unique AIS messages and so I had to create a parser so I actually have an entire suite of tools and I'll talk a little bit more with the AIS spoofing stuff but if you go to my software page you can download all of these but if I take that same message or I guess it's not the same message as was above but some AIS message and if all of my stuff is command line and it's all written in pearl don't get me started on why and in any case it'll interpret the sentence for you. This is in fact an AIS mobile device. It's a VDM meaning it's a VHF Datalink message which is a nice way of saying this is the message coming from another boat as opposed to my message going out. Here's all the contents of a type one message which this is. It's a class A big boat position report. Here's the the device identifier. Every device has a unique nine digits. This gives you all the other information including our longitude and a URL so that you can click if you want to map and there are a number of places where you can get data. I've already mentioned the site that is at my university. You can also go to places like AIS hub and they also by testing a whole bunch of information. There are some other places online if you can find them that are give you some more localized information. If you find more places you'd like to share with me I would be delighted to have you there with me. The format that we most commonly see over the air like I keep saying NMEA is the National Maritime Electronics Association and the 0183 standard which is about circa 1986. That's all the most commonly used standard that we see. In about 1999 they came out with NMEA 2000. As we speak we're getting prepared to release the one net standard. It is very very difficult to find out how to do any of the coding on 2000 or one net because it's all highly proprietary and everybody who has a copy signs a nondisclosure agreement. But there is a project called the CAN boat project. The CAN bus is used with NMEA 2000. IP version 6 is used as the transmission for one net. NMEA 0183 basically everything runs over a serial bus. So a lot of the stuff that I'm showing you here with open cpn we're pulling in from over the air. It turns out if you can get onto the serial bus you can get information right off the boat. And there are a variety of ways I'm not going to get into that here but there's a variety of ways of injecting messages directly on the boat either through the CAN bus if you're NMEA 2000 and or through the serial on NMEA 0183. So I'm going to go back here for just a second. Everybody can see now. I mean this is basically what I have on the device. And so I certainly would like to leave this open to questions if I have said anything for which I have questions. Scroll and back up here to see if I can find the AIS text up here is closed. So anyway does anybody have questions that you want to ask or anything like that? Detecting silence. I'm going to hang around here for a few minutes. I've got another talk in about 18 minutes and but I'm going to stay connected till then so if anyone has anything feel free to ask away. Oh okay how close do you have to be to receive signals is one of the questions I just got. So I didn't really go into the AIS protocol but the AIS protocol is basically designed for ships to talk to each other within about a 10 to 20 nautical mile range.  My antenna at my building at work is 75 feet high and I have gotten messages from as much as 80 or 90 miles with a normal ship antenna that might only be let's say at most probably 10 to 15 meters high. They're probably getting you know in the 15 to 20 mile range. Okay let's see I just got a message asking about the trend micro library. So I actually haven't um oops let's see I have to get back to my video now. Never change a working thing. So at my website I talk about the AIS Black Toolkit and I'll talk a little bit more about that later on. So a team of people from Trend Micro led by a fellow named Marco Balduzzi has been talking about AIS issues for a long time. In any case the AIS Black Toolkit is a Python-based toolkit where they also wanted to be able to generate any AIS messages that they wanted. And so I've used their toolkit a little bit. I've not used the part of their toolkit where they actually push out messages using software defined libraries or software defined radio. Their messages were basically a demonstration of capability that they could do it but they used a lot of defaults to put them like in Italy and stuff like that. So when I built my tools they were a little bit inspired by you know what they did. But I tried to build it so that I used defaults per the standards so that I could create legal messages. But a lot of you may be familiar with the program hping3 allows you to build any TCP IP message you want no matter how bogus. So I was inspired to call my stuff AIS ping for the reason. I mean I could build legal AIS messages. I can also build entirely bogus AIS messages because AIS won't stop me from doing that and that's one of the protocol vulnerabilities. And again I'll talk more about that later on but in any case I had success using the AIS Black Toolkit but I haven't used the Black Toolkit probably in a year, a year and a half. I am pleased to say that one of my programs found its way into the Black Toolkit the menu program but the rest of it's on my site. Is the CAN project the only NMA2000 project? I'm going to have to go look at that one hang on just a second. I'm going to run over to Slack here. Let's see is the CAN project the only NMA2000 project you know of? It is it's the only well by the standard that's what it runs over. So the problem with NMA2000 like I said is it's proprietary you need to buy the standard. I have a copy of the standard with permission and when they sent it to me for research purposes it's actually watermarked with my name in it. They really are trying to discourage people from you know spreading the thing around and everybody has to sign a non-disclosure saying that they won't release it and it's been around for 20 years and nobody's released it yet so they must be reasonably successful. A message they're waiting for one more message. Let me try the AIS text there's maybe a message there. Okay, Raid out's making a comment here about DEF CON 2016 open source project release for the J1939 truck dock. Okay good to know. Be adapted by people willing to help port it. Well where I come from reverse engineering is a noble cause. When I was a young person first in computers I probably shouldn't age myself too much. Nothing for first of all nobody never heard of open source and the two words is a phrase didn't exist. Everything was proprietary. The only way to learn anything was to break the computer and once you realize that you broke it I mean I was of a mind once I broke it I only had to break it once because computer security in the 1970s was when you broke something and you went to the network people and said hey if you do x, y, and z your network will break their answer was well don't do that.  But that's how you learn stuff. Well I'll tell you what I have that it is 250 where I am so it must be 1150 back on the coast. If there's like I said I'm gonna hang around for another 10 minutes and so for my next talk but I'll I'm prepared to close it now. You know these are the questions thanks for being here. If you have any questions if you get to my website or any of the lists that are here there's tons of ways to get a hold of me feel free to do that. I love talking about this stuff happy to help out in any way I can and in about 10 minutes I'll start talking a little about GPS spoofing and AIS spoofing and all that kind of stuff.


My name is Tara Montague. I'm the administration manager at the National and Unhistorical Center. I'm looking for way to do representations. So I think the way that's described it is the program is itself. I was thinking about that because we don't have little mini programs. Our program is offering students, public, and community members the experience and understanding through our interpretive center of the history of this area and the history of the Ojibwe people. So when they come to visit us, whether they're students or depending who comes to visit, they will actually be taken through the interpretive center that you have visited here today, see some of the displays, work with the tour guide to understand the current context where they are located with territory. They are in understanding perhaps protocols and etiquettes of this particular area and then they're walked through time of taking back in time of what happened in this area. You would then go outside, not when it's minus 30, and you would be guided by someone like Christie generally in the spring on golf carts and you'd be taken through the property as it goes back down the river. So that's all long soon and that's where we have the largest concentration of known burial grounds, so burial mounds per se. So I think people don't understand both the mounds themselves and that's where I think a big art program I would say is really concentrated on conservation of the mounds, the preservation and the respect still given and teaching when you bring your guests out, you're not only educating them about burial mounds practices, you're also giving them an opportunity to often they offer tobacco to the mound. They're even participating in reconstruction of one of the mounds by off putting soil back on the mound so you won't have that experience today but if you do enjoy skiing as you said you would, people come out and ski and enjoy the scenic beauty and the peace of this area and learning back, it takes you back in time when you're here. It's basically the way it's turned into a seasonal operations that's the way I would look at it. So seasonal activities vary as we know it in First Nations Anishinaabe culture so we're noticing as our guests are seasonal so through September I would say we're actually, we still get a lot of US travelers that are still traveling through and we actually have a lot of, I would say kind of 55 plus tourists of this area love history, they love the understanding of this area, they're intrigued by the First Nations culture, they want to know so we do still see a lot of that kind of tourism but then as the seasons continue into the winter kids want to come back out so for most of the winter season we're actually considered a closed facility so because we're seasonal so we'd be open May through end of September but then we start catering through the quiet months the winter months to the children that want to come out. We had a lot of various disciplines that come to this region obviously we get a flood in the summer like forest rangers they come here healthcare facilities they come here they just gather here groups come here they want lunch because we have the best fried bread ever and they should want that and then they come out also so that we can offer them the educational components so it's it's nothing to see lots of archaeologists or lots of botanist or lots of doctors so it's just a it's a meeting place and it was always if you think about what I gave you that history of there was communities over there pretty far down river and there were communities all along this river it was very common there were meeting grounds here you come here near the wrappers they would gather here there's there's documentation of gathering and having celebration picking berries obviously lots of you know mixing and and celebration but obviously there was a focal kind of meeting point for these communities that lived along the river and that was right here so I find it's still a gathering place I think because we were trying to honor in the right way in a respectful way but still an accessible way um for students I know even for community members uh for reading river for station community members they like coming out here and showing their children and grandchildren and taking part of being that there's a real sense of ownership so there's that that in itself is is huge because the community has funded this place for 20 years and through times when doors probably would have been closed anywhere else because it just the visitation was low the interest was low the interest is high enough because of where we're at and in the cycle of reconciliation so people are interested in entry but what makes it a sense or a back center of excellence is that this was happening um before it was popular and it was important back then it was important for the elders to share with their community not lose that story so I think that makes it a center of excellence and that I've had so many other people come here and say I didn't know that about this area um because we have a far-reaching audience we're able to share with them local history that they didn't know they've lived through the whole life and they didn't know that history and it changes mindsets it changes perceptions and now there's a greater appreciation for what really took place in this area indigenous education for me I was thinking that's kind of a that's a really broad um scope there's obviously in this particular area and I'm not sure how it is and the different uh districts there's real success stories of things that have gone really really well all the great partnerships others coming in doing teachings um experiential land based activities some really great examples of indigenous uh education um but I think there's some really because I wasn't an educational background before I still think uh that there's a lot of improvements that can be tackled and when I think of indigenous education okay so there's that there's the education of the culture there's the education of the history and framing and all of that are we talking about educating indigenous people are we talking about that so I don't know and and how are we educating indigenous people and how are we targeting them um and I think we all agree um and focus on the youth because we want to obviously have hope that the youth will improve where we have maybe not and we want to educate them in the best ways so I think indigenous education can be really broad seamless governance so you know and and to say you've been here so and so has been here we're all doing the same thing we're all working on seeing a lot of us and I don't know what but a lot of us are working on the same mission and but yeah we're all kind of charging forth uh in these separate areas um I feel like if we merge and understand whether it means that we have you know I'm not sure what that next step would be but it's really that merging of all these great talents and these great intents and to to form them into one movement really and and that would override to say look this is not only um you know it just it just seems like it's kind of still disconnected you know just seems like there's a lot of disconnects so if we were all kind of assembling you know whether to say we have great examples of seven generations learning institute right here fabulous except I'm guilty we don't work closely enough with them so how can we bridge that so that we're all kind of I don't know mandated to be working together so that we're pooling our resources and uh we're not having to reinvent the wheel and we're not duplicating and we're all working together at this uh especially in the educational realm because like you said there's so many great examples that you're identifying in these regions and just working together uh somehow a little bit better


What is up everybody, my name is Logan, I just want to give a quick shout out to the man Ty Lopez for helping me scale my Amazon business from 13,000 a month in sales all the way up until 20,000 a month in sales. 2016 back in August, I was making $40,000 a year. I was working as a financial administrator. Fast forward to now, March of 2017, I'm doing over $60,000 in gross monthly sales. I have over 30 staff members and I'm working in three different states, California, Illinois and Florida. Hi, my name is Devin Sieche and I'm a high school enrolled in Ty Lopez's social media marketing agency program. My main motivation to actually enroll in the program was the fact that my family's restaurant was struggling severely with gaining new clientele. And in three short months, I gained them tons of new customers and actually acquired myself two new clients each paying me $1,200 a month to manage your internet marketing and social media. So basically what this program has done and it's given me the great opportunity to make money next year when I enroll in college from my dorm room doing something I enjoy and something I love. Basically, I think this program is great for anyone who wants to commit to something great and actually is ready for change in their life. So thank you. Before starting social media marketing, I was a personal trainer. I also ran my own online health and fitness business and I was even in network marketing. And in my first month, I closed one client at $1,000 and my second client at $1,500. I landed Mike Tyson as a new client. He's opening up boxing gyms across the globe. So I'm going to be dealing with the social media for all of Mike Tyson Academy's gyms across the world. So it's going to be a great project and I'm really excited. I'm at about 14 clients now. I got four new clients this week. I'm super excited. It's been since February.  I'm probably at $10,000 a month. I did everything you told me to do and I've been successful. I've been able to mentor two other girls, one out of Chicago and one out of Texas and they're getting clients. I think your program is amazing. My life changed because of you and I'm forever grateful to you. Hi Ty, this is Karine from Hong Kong. Thank you so much for your contribution in SMMA. After I finished same old fitness consultant training, I think I want to have deeper understanding about how to use social media marketing to help business to get more clients. That's the reason I joined in and after I finished week two or week three training, I got clients and so far I earned around $13,600 within four months. I just want to say thank you and that if you're thinking about social media marketing training, you definitely need to get on it because it has been life changing to me and my family so far. I personally do it for e-commerce. I know other friends that are in the program that do it for their network marketing business. It doesn't matter. Whatever business you do, you need an online appearance and this program will help you with that. I've taken no other courses. There's no need for it. I don't spend, I never spent an extra dollar.


Hey before we get started guys if you would please hit that thumbs button subscribe if you haven't already that makes a big difference in whether or not you get told whether I release a video or not because it makes a difference in the algorithm. So let's go ahead and get started. This video is brought to you in part by TrueTech Tools. Quality tools essential support. All right guys so I've already went in here and taken a look around and we've got a cooler that's not doing so well. I've got to find out what's going on. It's a rack system but this is not on the rack. So let's go in here and see what's actually going on. I can't tell if the system's running not running whatever. All right so here's what we've got. Luckily they've already pulled the product and stuff out of here. All the sides here are completely warm but what I noticed was when I went to the rack it said not on rack. So you can see this goes up through the roof. So over here in this corner you can see there's where the rack goes up. This is one of the few I've seen where it's on the roof. It's not normal around here. I ended up having to do some work on this one right here which I don't believe I made a video on that one. I was just, the compressor was bad and over here this is the rack which most of these are on the ground where I'm at. But when you went in there and looked at the Emerson controller it said not on the rack. Well anyhow when you go down there and look you've got one case here that's got fresh meat in it and it's working okay and then you got this one here that's not running. The controller did say it was in a defrost so they've got it partially controlled by the rack but the refrigeration side of it far as the actual refrigerant level and stuff like that is not. Okay all of our breakers are okay. Contactors look okay. Don't see anything burnt. Let's go ahead and check see if power's okay. Like I said here's a relay that most likely goes to the switch for the rack to shut it down when it hits temperature. Controls and stuff like that are going to be controlled thermostat basically. Let's see what we've got coming out of the juice box here. 211, 211, 211. You cannot ask for better match than that. It's going down here to the bottom of these ones. 211, 211, 211. This one here, 211. So let's see why or what is keeping this thing from running. Not easy to see if it's got a call yet. It has a 25 minute timed off defrost, does not terminate off temperature. So unfortunately this company does not give us any information far as the codes to get into the controller even though that controller keeps track of everything you change. There's a lot of oil there on that control. Look at that. A lot of oil right there. What is old looking control even though I know it's not super old. Let's see if we can see how much. Yeah, the oil's okay. So we're good on that. Ah, look at that. High pressure switch tripped. I bet we lost the fan because it's pulled in. That blue wire comes down around. I don't know. Do they have a fan control? Look at that. The sight glass just went full on that. There is a headmaster there. So the fan should be getting power. Come over here. Where'd you put your schematic at? It's probably hidden. Let's go ahead and kill it. That's a weird looking motor. It sure looks like an ECM motor to me. So they got all fancy. What? That thing pulls what? A couple amps. So let's spend a thousand dollars on a motor or more and then save a couple dollars on electricity and now it's bad already. Makes sense to me. You ever heard the saving of the old saying a nickel holding up a dollar? You're not worth a lot of money but you're holding me up and I am. Kind of the same thing. That's what a lot of this stuff comes out to be in. So the power wires just jump into that there. Can't tell if it's burnt or not. Like I said, it's got a few different wires coming down there. Quite a few actually. I don't know why they got so many. They tucked it in all pretty like and made it hard to follow. But I'm going to say it's probably these three right here. There's a temperature thing on there. I'm not sure about that there. We weren't real sure about it. It's like a heater for the for the receiver or some sort. FC fan control. That's my my thought. Yep, there's just two wires going to it. Red and black coming up going there to there. Now those other wires they've got blue and whatever else are going down to here. I'm going to see if we can find a schematic to tell us what exactly. If that's just some sort of speed setting or what. Like I said, I replaced the a compressor on the other one which is pretty simple. You can insert fan, compressor, crankcase heater all in line here in parallel. Low pressure, high pressure, DT to discharge temperature sensor. L1, electronic defrost timer which we don't have. Motors likely bad here. Let's go ahead and just yank this thing out. At this point there's not a lot I can do. Condenser coil looks a little hard to see through. That's for sure.  It's dead.  Let's go ahead and yank this thing out. Now we might be able to get away with ordering just the motor controller but honestly I'm not thinking that's a great idea. Yeah, I'm about to guarantee you if we just pull this off we're going to find out this electronic control model just like you got on a furnace. Yep, that's what it is. Gotta be careful that's got voltage stored up possibly in the capacitors. There's that plug for it. Let's go ahead and go into resistance here. We're going to do the same test you would on anything else. This is a GenTek motor so we're going to check resistance between the leads. It should have equal resistance. We got 4.7, 4.7, 4.7. So the motor as long as it spins is fine.  Yep, there you go. Right there's your problem. You can see it. The capacitor expanded. It blew its butt hole open. See how these ones here kind of like they're not black in the middle. That one there's black in the middle. It blew the capacitor up. It's toasty critter. Well, now what do you do? Myself, I would just put a regular freaking motor in there and forget this horse pucky silliness, plum silliness. This is what's going to happen as we continue to get more and more efficient. You're going to have a heck of a time. It's not like nobody's going to carry this motor on their truck because it's too expensive to have all the individual different motors and knowing them, they most likely made different ones for each model. That way you've got stock multiples. Easy to change though. I'll tell you that. Yeah, and that's a, that is a sharp blade, man. Look how sharp that angle is on that thing. I don't believe you're going to be able to get away with just using any old motor on it. RPM 1650, 1230 or 625. Here, we'll take a look and see if by chance they've got one of those in here. Like I said, you've got these circuits here. Come down to the one that's in alarm, which is number seven, fresh meat. And you look at it and you enter a little close, in a little, it'll go into setup. And under general, you look underneath here, it says long name, fresh meat island, not on rack. Thought it would check to see if they have any motors. They've got, looks like a evaporator motor. That's what we'll call them and see what they want to do. If they want us to order one or what. We can't log in at all. You can't change anything either. So like, say you wanted to come over here and change, defrost times at enter. Go down here. Level access, not high enough this field. Okay, a supermodel. You can look, but you can't touch. All the individual sensors are equal though, 61. That tells us at least they're pretty darn accurate. Rack level, that's good. So I called their facilities people and they gave us the authorization to go ahead and get a new ECM and also to try to make another one work, which I thought this might work, but a lot to see here. Yep, that fits. Looking at this condenser coil, it looks pretty darn dirty. If it's under the same principles of regular ECM motor, plug coil would cause the motor to run harder and kill itself. So makes me think that's probably what caused it. The nuts that they had on there fit the new motor. What I've got is a regular 230 volt half horse condenser motor here is the highest amperage one I've got because you can't trust horsepower.  What I'm going to do is we're going to go ahead and install this one. See if the amp drawl is okay. Now this motor here is rated for 4.4 to 4.5.3. Now this one is 3.3 with a max of 4.4. So it should possibly work. They said it's pretty important to have their meese gaze back because it's fresh meat and they can't sell anything if it's put away somewhere else, which makes sense to me. Now we will have to cut these bolts a little bit. I'm not going to cut them a lot. Motor I think we're just going to bill it out. A lot of times if I can use it for later somewhere else I will and just do it as a service for them. But I don't see a purpose in that because then really you're kind of possibly wearing it out for the next guy.  How far does that go in there? It goes in there. Bowled up to my knuckle from the mounting bracket.  It don't really matter. We're going to have to modify this motor either way. Yeah we're going to have to modify this motor. They're buying the motor. Yeah they're getting around that now. Yep it's going to hit. We're going to test this out before I cut that motor.  We'll check the end draw. Let's make sure this is going the right direction first. Definitely not you know they keep your fingers back behind there. Wrong direction. There we go. Pull some air. It's our amperage. 1.2.2. We'll be fine. She's pulling some air. 2.2 amps. So that's what they're doing freewheeling. Okay we should be all right then. Let's go ahead and cut that. I don't feel as worried about you know cutting it now because now I know that it's not going to trip out. Not grand it yet. It's not in place but if anything the amperage will go down a little bit. If not say the same. I'm not real sure. Haven't played the game with this one yet. Unlike a scroll cage. Yeah but I haven't done too much with a fan. I can answer fan. So let's go ahead and get the little cutter and get that thing mounted in there. Usually I use my bandsaw but didn't want to carry this all the way back down. Got to love that little toy. All right cut off those weeble wobbles on that right there too. That way we don't cut our hand on it later. I'm about to divide the halfway mark between that blade there and you can tell that you're okay. That's your mounting bracket which means you're going to be about halfway in between there. That should set us up. Pretty good on it. Looks like we matched just perfect there.  There we go. Tell me how this is so hard to do it right. Watch this. Look at that. You mount that bad boy right like that. You don't have to worry about it hitting nothing. It's not hanging and dangling. There we go. She ain't going to hit nothing. She can't go nowhere. She's just hanging there. This ain't permanent. I would say but depending on how the speed we get it it could be in a day or two if we're lucky. This here should be able to unscrew this and just pick out our power wires. See that? Fancy Nancy. Guess what? We don't want to cut that plug. Do we? Nope. Guess what we can cut. We can cut these. You can see the black and red or over here by the power section. All these other ones. Right down here doing other stuff. All we need is the red and black. Like that right there. Go ahead and put this back together because we're not going to need to replace this plug. It probably doesn't come with it anyway. That helps protect it from vibrating into stuff, whatever. Now I don't know what those other ones are getting plugged into.  Just to be safe I think I'm going to do is I'm going to snip the black and red ones or I'm going to keep the black and red ones separate and cut the rest of them off. That way it doesn't short end anything. I shouldn't really break into anything. Out of wire nuts. Oh no. Do you have butt connectors though? Let's see if these will match up to it. You may have to go to yellows. Got a little bit of a shake to it. It's pulling air. 2.4 amps. I'd say that probably is enough to make it run. Let's find out. This thing lasted a little flashing. Not a real surprise there on that. 448. Coming back cold. Going out hot. See what kind of head pressure we're running. That'll tell us if we're plugged up. It'll tell us if we're moving enough air. And if we're going to have a problem. We got to put it on 448. This is as we scroll through the 300 freaking refrigerants we got. 236. 254. 266. 267. We're running 106 condensing temperature. And we're just coming from a form case. So let's go ahead and let it run for a while. Make sure it's going to stabilize and we should be all right. We can watch the performance of it at the controller in there in the rack room. Pick up our mess. We're looking pretty good. Running in here at 102 for condensing. Suction I didn't bother. It's not flashing. Now it's a little bit. I'm not digging real deep into this thing. This company takes care of a lot of stuff themselves. I checked the other one over there. It's holding there. Well if that's offensive here, we can do the fifth here. We can do the full dollar.  Now that would be a good day.  I would feel okay with that. I'd be okay with it. It is a little dirty. I think they do their own maintenance or they have us do it. I don't know. It's hard to say. I mean, it's a little dirty. There's no water up here. I'd have to get my bucket and I don't know. You're scrutinized on everything. Everything's got to be not to exceed this and that. So let's see what our total amp draw is here. 14.9, middle one, 14.3 and the other one 12.1. You've got the condenser fan motor on that first two. So we're nowhere near trip point. That's a 15 amp breaker on there and we're only pulling 2.4. So we're pulling the air compressors on a 20 amp breaker at 12.6. Well below on that. Everything's looking pretty pretty snazzy. So we're out of alarm. That's a good idea. Let's go down here to seven.  That thing is fast. We're at 33 already. Man, that thing's crazy.  It's a little bit out of whack on its off point here. Kind of curious what the cut in is on it. It says about 10 there.  No wonder why that other one over there is short cycling. Yeah, we'll see how that does. I don't usually like doing this with my regular digital gauges either. But let's watch and see what it does. Head pressure's gone up. Nice, it shut off about right there.  This is pretty much the same kind of unit I just changed the compressor on. Let me find a good spot. You've only got up to about 40 far as, see it's holding there 17-ish a little bit, maybe. Because if we're differential, if we go any but thing further than 40, it's not going to shut off close to zero. Otherwise, you'll have refrigerant in there and it's just going to come right back up. So now it's holding pretty decent.  But right now it is, like I did, I get a twist to it. So it should kick off about a couple pounds. Okay, everything's down to 10p in here. I don't have the thermometers down here. Yeah, they do. Yeah, 28. That's exactly what the other ones say. All right guys, so we're finally back. It's been a while. So good thing we actually got the right one or put the one in there. It's still working just fine. I mean, it's been at least probably two months or better. So we got the new one right here. We're going to get her put in there. It should be pretty quick and easy, but I just kind of wanted to show you that it's working. Of course, you know, it's always one of those perfect days when it's raining. We do have a pump down switch right here. So we just flipped that. It should pump down here and shut off here in a second. Anyhow, remember how we did this? So all we got to do is unplug that like this. And we can hook the other motor right up to it. All right, single-handedly got it out. We got her labeled. That way they'll know what it is. I'll put that inside the little Tyler house. What have you there? And we got this one marked. So we know when it was. It'll probably last a couple of years and it'll go out again. But ain't my problem. That's what you want. You're going to get what you want. A perfectly good motor working great. We did need to remove that harness there, which just two screws and we'll just reuse that other ugly one there. I'm not going to chop up that harness to put it back in. That'd be kind of ignoramus. This motor here is perfectly good. We'll go ahead and put that inside the Tyler house. All right, four little screws there. Get the fan blade back on. Release that solenoid and let's let her eat. There she goes. Saving all kinds of money now, even if it did cost 10 times what the other one did. We're all good. Well, unfortunately this thing's in defrost and this customer here doesn't give us a password to be able to kick it out of defrost. So all I can do is double check, contact her, make sure it turns, which we already seen it do it on its own earlier. A little bit of a shake there on the startup, but its balance is good enough that when it's running, it's not bouncing. Everything's back on, pump down switches on. As you can see, there it goes. Unfortunately, I don't know if it's truly out of defrost yet. Maybe it is. Take a look, probably still on pump down. Cyclastic bolt, coming back cold. If you guys enjoyed the video and you want to see more like it, make sure you give it a thumbs up. Until next time, catch you on the next one later. Alright guys, that's going to matter right now. Now cut that out or switch that one to the front. Alright guys, so that's going to wrap this one up. Everything checked out good. We're going to come back and change the condenser motor and put the OEM one back in there. We'll end up leaving the other one most likely in the compressor room over there. Otherwise, we're pretty good to go. Thanks for watching guys. Until next time, later.


Yeah, we on boss talk one on one. Do you think the music is somewhat dormant as the people are saying? I mean, they say it's the music in the Dallas area. It's the Dallas area, but you've heard it. You just heard it. It's been on the blogs for constant. I know you. You may not be tapped in. Shout out, nigga, the sun. Yeah, but. He just feel that way. That's just my do right there. I just want to know. I want to know. There's no dormancy here. OK, well, where is the headset? Where is the big head? Where is the that's on me? Come on, come on. Hold on, where is these hits at? Where are the hits? That's on me. You really that was a hit. Yeah, but why did you do that like that? I'm asking. Where is the way that you did that right there?  We were living in. Where's the outsides at? Our sides over. We got more. What about Erica Banks? What about the busses? I love the busses, too. OK, but that was that. OK, now when was that? That was a few months ago. So damn. Yeah, but we got to roll. We got the roll. Listen, man, the internet is made to where people want it and they want it now. Yeah. They want it now. So it's where is that? It's Supreme's fault that. No, no, I'm just asking his opinion. Stop it. So, man, I so it's a it's a it's a it's a cleansing and it's a shift going on even with the with the talent and the people and, you know, behind the scenes. So shout out. Boss talk 101. So y'all are y'all are y'all are going into that next phase of the evolution. You feel me? So that's what's going on here. But like I just said, we it ain't always the artist. Somebody folks that they're supposed to be last time you was on here. Yeah, this is the truth, though. Because that's his part. The management part has to be right. The manager, the radio, the bloggers. Everything.  You feel me? The managers are always the first to go. Not trying to help no artists. Not at all. You said bloggers? Hell no. I got it. Now I don't know about that. I don't know about that. Not at all yet. And that's what he does. He's good. Finally, how scary are you going then? There it is. How these reasons are here. Here it is. Here it is. I think that a lot of times in this entertainment game, like like a person, a real tomb, tear, whoever.  Yes, all of them. The goal is to create engagement. People really need to understand that. That like the goal of a blogger is to create engagement. So if I make a list, leave you off the list and it's 100,000 people up under this post commenting. Y'all can say whatever y'all want to say. I'm going to the next rapper they want to post on my page. I'm saying, man, my engagement is in the hundreds of thousands. I got to charge you this. It's a business. So when you say in the case, they didn't tag. I was being tagged a lot in a blood like blood rapper list. I real tunes blood rapper list. I'm getting I'm getting tagged all day because I went on this list or whatever. You shouldn't know.  I'm only thing I care about is making money, doing what I'm loving to do. It's a it's a job. This is my job, you know. So what I'm saying is he wins or anybody wins by creating engagement. I think a lot of our artists haven't taken up the responsibility of being engaging enough personalities. I like it. So that people can use them for content. Yeah. Because you got to serve me. If you got the greatest music, you got the greatest music that when people listen, getting a car and they listen to your music or whatever, they like your music. That ain't going to help my page, though. Yeah.  I don't care what you do.  Dallas got more bloggers than everybody. They're here.  So so it's like this. If if if you post on this particular platform, you know, the police is on here, you hear me? So why am I going to pay you so so the fuzz can be on me? This is fast. There's things that really happen, right? You know what I'm saying?  And whatever I'm trying to accomplish, you dig what I'm saying?  You feel me?  You supposed to stop that. If you can, if you can stop it. If I was a blogger. But it's about the people. The people want to see it. That's why I'm posting it because I want to post it.   You might pay me, you know what I'm saying? As a as a as a righteous human being, right?  But how about you? You know, I'm sorry. I know this person that's not going on here. They they doing exactly what you said. Which is nobody's at fault with that. Right. The artist want to give them to give them the content to post or have it, they get it. Then that's on them. But what you said is true.  Because it's just boy, it'll be leading the little boy out here.  There's dead.  You know, it's not dead. You know what I'm saying? It's a lot of dope artists out here. There's a whole bunch of them. But but why? Wait a minute, you're saying they're not doing their job. They're not doing their job, man. Where is the where is the is the videos coming out? Is that you see a lot of work going on, man? And it's getting the impact. Everything is going. So it's still good. So I'm going to tell you what it is. So you all know what? Supreme said it's still good. All your niggas just say it ain't good. It ain't nothing bad. He said it's still good. Yeah, go check out K-Bree or check out Trap Frey. Stop six low-key. Throw that say. You hear me? I got some content coming from Dallas to Fort Worth. You hear me? With big artists, you hear me? All on one shebang. So it ain't just the content, man. We just we just got to switch the content in the mindset. You got a lot of little boys and a lot of suckers and busters that's been leading this thing, man.  You know what I'm saying? That's why you didn't switch to the old guys. Is the is the viral guy.


Hello, everyone. OK, I'm trying to get comfortable first before I start. I'm excited to be here today because I was almost not going to make it. And I mean, visa issues, basically. I'm tempted to talk about that story, the opaque processes of visa application, lessons for civic tech. I've thought about it. It would have been very interesting. Well, I'm going to stick to my presentation. I am not so GDL for, as he introduced me. I have experience using design research and user center design for transparency and accountability programs and projects. And I work at the engine room. At the engine room, we help our partners make the most of data and technology. So today, I'm just going to be talking about how we did that in serial alone. So it's a two-part presentation, basically. In the first part, I'm going to talk to you about how we scope the role of tech in our project. And then the second part is how walking with technology impacts you as an implementer. It's more of a personal reflection. Don't worry, it's not going to get rigorous. OK, a bit of context. Because I'm short on time, I'm not going to dive into deep. But in serial alone, there is high availability of water resources, but there is critically low access to portable water, at critical level. And there is a report on this link that gives you a lot more insight into that story. But this was the problem that we're trying to address. And the rest of this presentation is kind of how we went about it in trying to use technology to bridge this gap between high availability and low access. OK, so you can think of it as some sort of theory of change. You first encountered a problem, and then you need to get to a point where you find out how technology can help you address that problem. So it's a two-part situation, or it's a two-part story. So first you're doing some sort of situational analysis. And then from there on, you go on to making your imputes. But you need to first understand the situation. And what we did, even though we had a sense of what a problem was, was starting to first understand how the affected populations described the problem itself. So we knew that there was a gap between there was low access to water, potable water, but how do the people who are affected by it directly talk about it? And these are some of the examples that we found. The first test says that water availability is sparse, but also unpredictable. So it wasn't just that there was low access to water, sorry, not availability. It wasn't just that there was low access to potable water, but also it was unpredictable, right? Even if you, even if water, it would have been a better experience by the people who were affected if they knew that every Monday at 10 a.m. I could get water, right? And I can get like a liter of water. And I need to figure out what I do with that. But the situation is that you do not know when water is going to come, and you already know that water is like scarce, right? So the other thing too was that water was a very political, water is political basically in Sierra alone, right? Because the politicians kind of pushed that forward as a potential fix that it would bring if they are elected, and then the people who, the population also think of it as a point of demand. It's something that it can act of the government, or people who are like, who have like high political interest, so they tend to act for it. There was also just like difficulty connecting quality to what you pay, right? You think by default because I get to pay for water, it should be clean water, but it wasn't a given. And then there was like the disconnect between the service delivery guys and the affected population. So these are like key examples of how the people in the context were describing the problem, different from how we understood it. And this was kind of critical for us to get to before we started talking about how to include technology. The next thing that we did was to figure out, given those problems, how is the affected population trying to address it, right? So they already had their own ways of like dealing with these issues. They were in like sitting and folding their arms. So specific to the one around availability and low access, sorry, low access as well as unpredictability. They had things like having the phone number of like the tap manager, or like people like setting alarm clocks to be able to wake up at 2 a.m. and check like if the water, you know, was running and stuffs like that. I'm not going to go through the rest. But these were like two first critical steps that we took before we got to the third question, which is what incremental improvement can be made to tackle the problem, right? We weren't going to try and address the problem starting too far from how the people in the context were already trying to address it. That was kind of one decision that we made. The second decision was also thinking about our resource, right? And sometimes when you think about resource, it's not only things like financial, but it's also like the technological capabilities of maybe your team and the affected population, right? So those were like resource considerations that we made in trying to get to what tech could do. And it was only then that we started asking the specific technology question, so what tech solution should we implement in this scenario? Yeah, I mean, this is kind of embedded in our design research process. And it took me just like trying to think about what we went through to like pull this out. So I'm happy to like get reactions to the start process. All right, so I think there's a specific thing that we made sure when we said it, what we got to say in OK, what can tech do? We're also thinking that we should make sure it doesn't distort the meaning of the problem to the affected population, so that at the point where you start introducing technology, you will first not introduce any new kind of problem. You need to make sure of that. And also we also wanted to think about what was going to be the cost of introducing technology at this point in time. So sometimes we dream of this tech outcome, but yeah, maybe this is something we just get, right? Tables and chairs are also technology at some point in human history. All right, so the second part of this presentation is about the impact of technology, and specifically on implementers. So I imagine that this room is filled with very smart implementers of civic tech or technology in general. So OK, in getting into the impact of tech, there's some sort of backstory to it. Before we partnered with Code for Sierra Leone, who is a partner we were working with on this project, they had already taken on this problem. They had made efforts to address this problem, and they had gone about it with one specific approach. They did a hackathon, right? And this impact story is my personal reflection on the trade-offs in the first approach that I was seeking to address in this problem and the second approach, like a hackathon and a design research process. And it's good for you to note that this isn't a comparison, yeah, it isn't a comparison, but it's more of like the trade-offs, because they are two very different things, right? It's like apples and oranges. I think because we do not compare apples and oranges, doesn't mean we cannot talk about both of them at the same time, right? OK. So if the process above kind of depicts how you get to tech development, you would see that design research is a very limited part of that process, right? You would do, and it's something that's going to consume your time a lot. It's like painstaking time invested in trying to get to design research, and it only gets you through one part of the process to involve in technology and your project. But the hackathon is more of a compressed process of the first three stages of this entire process. It kind of brings it all together and very quickly. And there's a potential also that with the hackathon, you might have included some amount of research before you went into other stages like the design and development steps in the hackathon. But there are chances that it may not have been design research. Maybe other kinds of research is how you got to that. But yeah, this kind of overlap may be good for you to have a sense of. The other thing I want to talk about in the reflections were the trade-offs, right? So the experience was one in such that it felt like if you were going for deeper evidence, then you would be confronted with less time, right? In a hackathon situation, you might not have the time to generate as much deep evidence as you need. But also, if you turned to design research, there might be so little time for you to do it in a very rigorous way that helps inform your project. So these were some of the trade-offs. The second trade-off there is one of these approaches kind of helped us achieve greater functionality. So there were a lot more things we could do with technology through the hackathon process. But with the design research, it seemed like we were moving to the other end of the spectrum, where it was more usability. This is kind of a cool one for me. It did feel like one of these approaches kind of helps you get stakeholders buying because of the kind of outcomes or the things you kind of create out of it. So the hackathon process can very quickly get you a lot of stakeholders to get bought into your process. It is something that is easy to pitch and people can quickly get carried along on it. But if you move to the other end of this my imaginary spectrum, where there is design research, you probably will be achieving more of a stakeholder's co-creation. And that's a very tough thing to do. I mean, co-creation is like some sort of developing alongside with everyone, being able to pull them along. It's not that easy a process. Yeah. OK. So the hackathon was also good for stimulating the ecosystem because you could bring together multiple types of actors who are thinking about the same problem. In all cases, they were not all technologists. So they were just people who are interested in policy, people who are researchers, academics, or who have experienced this problem and have ideas on how it can be resolved. So the hackathon puts you in a situation where you are stimulating the ecosystem very quickly because you bring all these actors together, they get an opportunity to interact. But with the design research process, you're more just focusing on studying the ecosystem. And there might not be a lot of stimulation like done to that ecosystem. The last piece of reflection from having done these two approaches is what I kind of refer to as the implementer's journey. Let me take a break. So if this graph kind of represents how complexity changes over time, the liner on it will be you moving from a very undiagnosed problem towards making an impact. So undiagnosing the sense that you don't understand a problem. And then as your understanding of a problem increases and your ability to address it, you start moving down towards impact. And then this is the time access for you. And if you think of the beginning of the line as where you kind of insert your research, and in my case, design research, it's like, and it doesn't start at the tip of the axis because there might have been some initial understanding of the situation, but you're not so clear. And you begin to execute your design research process. And you gradually descend in complexity. And you get to a point where you can finally say, you know what? I can start building something. And you initiate your prototyping game. And that begins to happen. And finally, at some point, you feel like I have a good prototype. And you say, OK, let's start implementing the project. So we didn't just kick off right away, say we're implementing the specific project or the idea. But it kind of went through that part. And then finally, post the prototyping and implementation, you get to where you are now doing the tech design. Where it gets interesting with the wavy line, I didn't have a better way of describing that, is because sometimes you're clearly in the zone of impact. But you're not making impact yet. So sometimes you feel like you got it right. And you get user feedback, results. You do your M and E. I don't know how to do that very well. And then it drops again. You feel like, oh, I need to iterate. And you continue down that spiral till you get to some point in time where you are able to make impact. But it doesn't just happen immediately. All right. So here is my take on this. It is that when we think about technology in the way that we are naturally drawn to because of the prowess and the power of the solutions that we have, are able to create, we take the risk of undermining our critical thinking capabilities or our problem-solving skills. So we need to be careful about that. So where then should you begin to think about technology in your project? I can tell you when not to. But I might not be able to tell you when to, right? You should be able to use your personal discretion as to when to. But when not to, I strongly think it's when the problem is too complex or when the solution is too complex. Those are two times where you should not be thinking of involving technology. All right. Thank you very much. That's the end of my presentation.