Welcome everybody! I am excited to have you all here and welcome you to Asteroids for Everyone, talking about how amateurs and professionals hunt for asteroids and we're excited. I'm going to turn it right over to Jessica Swan, who's here in Finescope. Hi Jessica. Hi! Thank you so much for hosting this for us. We sincerely appreciate it and I want to welcome all of you and also send out a huge thank you to Gerald and Rachel for joining us today. So we've sent this as a shout-out to our entire network over here at in Finescope and so if you're not a member of in Finescope just real quickly what we do is we design digital learning experiences and one of the reasons that we were really interested in having this webinar for our network and for the night sky network is that asteroid week is coming up or I'm sorry astronomy week is coming up and that actually starts on September 29th and we here at in Finescope have a surprise announcement to make at the conclusion of this webinar a cool new resource to share with you that is completely related to asteroid hunting and astronomy week so we thought what better way to launch this new learning experience than to bring in some of the friends from the night sky network to talk with you all a little bit about how we find these asteroids and so let me do a quick introduction and introduce you all to Gerald and to Rachel so Gerald is an astronomer he's a telescope operator and a planetarium show producer he's at the Shabo space and science center in Oakland California he has a master's degree and I'm sorry a master of science degree in space studies and over 40 years of experience and working in the space industry and since 2008 Gerald has been the principal investigator we call that the PI for Shabo's asteroid search and tracking program he's also appeared in numerous television and other media interviews isn't that fantastic and so he's you know been answering questions about significant astronomy events and then also on the line we have Rachel freed and she is the co-founder and president of the Institute for Student Astronomical Research also known as NSTAR as well as a seminar instructor with a mission to incorporate true scientific research into secondary and undergraduate education she helps to coordinate international conferences all around all around the use of telescopes and education and she currently is working on her PhD in astronomy education yay she has a bachelor's of science in biology from UC Davis and a master's of science in neuroscience from Northwestern University so a huge welcome to you both so we're gonna get started please if you have any questions as Vivian has mentioned you know go ahead and toss your questions over into Q&A or you can toss them over into chat we would love to know what your questions are we know that Gerald and Rachel are gonna answer many of our questions up front as they talk a little bit about their work when it comes to asteroid hunting and when they're done with their presentations we'll actually combine all of your questions into groupings and just kind of do a free-for-all Q&A and with that I'm gonna go ahead and turn it over to you Gerald and let you kind of share your experiences with the group okay great thank you what I want to do is start up a little PowerPoint here so bear with me just a second will I get that set up here hopefully you'll see that in a second here do we see that I see thumbs up okay yeah so let me see if I can get it started now there we go okay so again I'm an astronomer at the Shabo Space and Science Center and I'm the principal investigator on Shabo's Near Earth asteroid tracking program just wanted to talk a little bit about first of all some basic terminology and concepts you'll hear a lot the the term NEO or NEO which stands for near Earth object this can be an asteroid or an old comet orbiting the Sun it's mostly asteroids and the orbit around the Sun and they come within 28 million miles of the Earth's orbit the reason for 28 million miles is because that's how close Venus gets to the Earth when the two are closest to each other so we consider any object that gets closer to the Earth than Venus does to be a near Earth object now there's a subset of that it's actually the biggest subset and that's the near near Earth asteroids or NEA's these asteroids all orbit around the Sun and some of them come reasonably close to the Earth I'd say about a dozen come closer to the moon or closer than the moon about several times a year in fact so far this year we've had a little over 40 asteroids come closer to us than the moon but impacts are actually very rare most of these asteroids just pass safely by us and they're not a concern there is a global effort to find near Earth objects so far as of 10 o'clock last night we have found 20,816 near Earth objects out of those about 2000 are considered potentially hazardous asteroids a PHA is an asteroid that is larger than 140 meters and comes within less than 0.05 astronomical units of the Earth astronomical unit is the distance average distance between the Earth and the Sun so if an asteroid comes closer than 5% of that then it's considered a PHA if it's larger than 140 meters in terms of total population of near Earth objects we think that there are probably more than a million of them out there but so far we've only found a little over 20,000 so there's still a lot of them out there to be found so I'll talk a little bit about how they're found most asteroids are not found by amateur astronomers they're found by survey telescopes professional survey telescopes there are several of them around the world three of them are in Arizona up on Mount Lemmon there's a couple of them in in Hawaii the pan stars used to be pan stars one now there's pan stars two so we now have two of them a new one coming online in a couple years is the LSST down in Chile with and all of these telescopes what they do is scan the sky every night just looking for transient objects objects that might be newly discovered asteroids now they're constantly surveying so they don't have a lot of time to go back and zero in on any one asteroid they spot them as they scan and if they do they submit their data to the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center and from there the Minor Planet Center puts out a request that goes out to a whole slew of observatories around the world there's about 300 active observatories working on this program and they do additional observations try to confirm the existence of any new asteroids and they also do tracking of known asteroids and so forth we all submit our data to the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center which is in Massachusetts and this is the global clearinghouse for all asteroid data Minor Planet Center analyzes the data does computations trying to determine the orbit and size and it shares that data with the Jet Propulsion Lab NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, California. So what we do in at Chabot our telescope is not well suited for doing surveys so what we do is called confirmation and follow-up confirmation is where we chase down some of those possible new discoveries made by the survey telescopes. We tried to locate them sometime after the initial discovery and confirm that they're there track them and get data to help characterize the orbit of the asteroid and maybe its size. In addition once an asteroid has been confirmed and that goes on to a master catalog of known asteroids you need to continue observing it to improve the calculation of the orbit and to improve the size estimates so that's what we do we do confirmation trying to confirm new discoveries and follow-up trying to get additional data on known asteroids. So talking just a little bit about how we do that we're looking for two types of data one is called astrometry and that is basically position data the astronomy community uses a coordinate system that's similar to the GPS coordinate system uses right ascension which is the east west position and declination which is north south position and we report those positions to the IA or to the minor planet center we have to use a very exact time system because timing is very critical on these asteroid observations so we have a method of making sure our computers are real precisely synchronized to the universal time. The other information is photometry that's basically how bright is the object in our images and that information is used to calculate a size estimate for the asteroids. So the way we do it is we just point the telescope at a given part of the sky where we think there might be an asteroid we take three or four sets of images so this is just for examples right here and some of you are probably looking and saying well I think that's the asteroid or maybe that one's the asteroid but we have a much better way of doing that. Now one of the things you'll notice about these images is they're not nice clean pretty looking images of the night sky they're kind of dirty and there's a reason for that and we're looking for asteroids asteroids can be very faint so we need to be able to see very faint objects in our images so we use a technique called stretching where we make the image kind of look kind of blotchy and the background is not black it's kind of a model gray but by doing that we can bring out those very very faint objects. So anyway we take several pictures like this and then we have to use a process to kind of get them ready for tracking the asteroid. To do that we have to precisely locate each of the images so there's a group of stars in the images we compare those stars to a master catalog of known stars and there are several different catalogs that we can use and we're using software to do this and we try to identify all the stars in the image get their exact position in terms of right ascension and declination and then use that to create a formula that equates the pixel position in the images to the right ascension and declination coordinates that we use for astronomy. Once we've done that with all the images it's just a matter of blinking through the images to see if we can find the asteroid so what we're looking for is a star that moves the word asteroid means star like and as you can see there it looks like a star except it's moving and if you can't find it visually you can always look for the blue arrow in the sky that'll help you find it. Okay so once we've located it in the images we go back to the each individual frame and we spot the asteroid in each frame and then we do some additional processing again we're using specialized software to do this. There's several different software packages out there. The one that's probably used most commonly is called astrometrica and with the software you just click on one of the asteroid images and it gives you a bunch of data. Now a lot of the data that you see here is just quality data letting us confirm that we do in fact are looking at an asteroid or a real object. Images are often contaminated with hot pixels or cosmic ray strikes and things like that but by using this quality data we can identify what's real and what's not. Once we do that we get a set of data you see some data that's in the red box there that's the critical data that's the exact time of the image down to a fraction of a second and the right ascension and declination of the asteroid in that image and also a estimate of its brightness. Once we do that for all four images we then put it together and into a specially formatted email. The Minor Planet Center has a prescribed format for these emails they have to be text only and everything has to be formatted exactly the spacing and so forth. These emails are sent to the Minor Planet Center but you're not sending it to a person you're sending it to a computer. The computer automatically processes it sends you a response telling you whether it's been accepted or whether there's problems with your data and then they combine this with observations from other observatories to develop the initial orbital elements and eventually after two or three nights they assign it the permanent designation excuse me. So after we find an asteroid and after we've it's been assigned a permit designation we're not finished. We have to do some additional observations what's called follow-up observations and there are some limitations we can only do that at night which means we can only track the asteroid when it's in a position we call that opposition which means it's on the night side of the earth. That means the discovery window and the observation window can be very short. Initial observations during the first few days the orbit calculation can be pretty uncertain so you need more observations in order to better characterize the orbits. The longer you wait for those follow-up observations the greater the uncertainty is about what the orbit for the asteroid is. In fact most asteroids especially the PHAs are are eventually lost because there isn't enough follow-up observations so we really need to have a lot more follow-up done. For potential impactors this is especially critical because we want to determine what the probability is of a future impact and as you initially do a set of observations your your uncertainty window is very large and if the earth is within that window then you you have some probability of an impact. As you get more observations that window shrinks but if it still contains the earth then the probability of impact actually appears to go up but as you continue to make more and more observations eventually you reduce the probability window to the point where the earth is no longer in it we hope and then you can no longer consider that asteroid a threat. So that's the basic process that we use. A couple of pieces of information I wanted to share with you these are some websites that relate to asteroid tracking of course the Minor Planet Center they're the ones who collect all the data they post the list of objects that need observation they determine the initial orbits and so forth. The software that I use is Astrometrica it's developed by an astronomer in Austria and it's very popular it's used all over the world. If you want to learn a lot of good how-to information you can go to the Great Shefford Observatory this is run by a private amateur astronomer in England and he has some very good information and tips about how to do asteroid observation and then if you just want to see some good data you go to the Jet Propulsion Lab Center for Near Earth Object Studies and they have tables of upcoming close approaches and lots of other good information. So that's about it. Awesome thank you so much Gerald can I ask a quick follow-up question something that piqued my interest so it got my little educator juices kind of flowing. Can you go back to the screen where you actually have the gif of the of the asteroid tracking? Sure hang on just second here sure let's see which one was that this one you'll have to hit the share button oh I'm sorry that's okay let's see this one yes but I think the one before where it actually shows the the animation okay hang on a second here sure thing this one yes this one all right so we're related to your your comment about if you wait too long to make your next observation I think there's actually there's possibly a graphing activity that teachers could engage in with their students in the classroom that's related to that could you speak just a little bit more about you know if we waited to make the next observations what kind of observations could you potentially run into? Well if you look at this track you look you can see the movement of the asteroid and just by visually looking at it you can see where the asteroid's going to be say half an hour later but if you were to draw a line through the three points that you see here and extend that line outward say several days that line is no longer a line it becomes a cone if you will and so our ability to know where the asteroid is going to be farther away decreases and so you can reach a point where the the uncertainty around the asteroid's position actually exceeds but one minute of or I'm sorry one degree of arc and most people don't have the ability to see the sky in in one image a total of one degree so you know you you think think you know where it is but it turns out it's off by a half degree or one degree and so you can't find it anymore and so you lose it so so is it so a lot of times we probably are as observers we're confusing this thinking that it's kind of when we observe it appears to be kind of just in two-dimensional space but that's actually three-dimensional it could be moving away or closer to us and affecting that the way we're tracking correct correct and also because you can only do this at night you only have a limited time in which you can observe the asteroid because as the asteroid orbits around the earth eventually it's going to get into position where it's no longer in our night sky and then it could be two or three years before it reappears in the sky and if you've waited two or three years and you've had a lot of uncertainty from your original set of observations you may not find it at all right okay perfect thank you so much for describing that i just wanted to make sure that the teacher's on the line i wanted to be able to connect those dots for you that if you wanted to be able if you're looking for a good graphing exercise or prediction exercise this might be a way to be able to pull in some really cool relevant content for students and in those in the math capacity so just thank you so much for for answering that question we do have a couple of questions that are in the chat but i think we're going to wait until after rachel and then we'll combine all of our questions together and you both can respond to the questions that that the group have sounds good awesome thanks so much jerald all right rachel we'll go ahead and turn it over to you okay thanks um wow that was really interesting and an exciting talk and my brain is now very excited about like i want to sit down with you and go through this whole process of tracking asteroids and and you know integrate this into what i do so let me tell you guys a little bit about what i do i'm going to share my screen here uh let's see here okay can everyone see the screen that says robotic telescopes in education yeah okay so what i do um is i try and get students anywhere from eighth grade up through undergraduates involved in astronomy research because it's possible now with the telescopes and remote access and all the technology we have and it's such an amazing way to learn science to learn how to um how science is done to actually do real science participate in data collection and analyze data and to learn how to communicate how to present your research how to write for publication and that's a really big component of what i do so um these are students that i work with uh in june of this year but mount wilson observatory collecting data on uh we actually used the hundred inch historic telescope there and collected data and they're finishing writing papers from that so um let's see here i can go to the next slide so i co-founded the institute for student astronomical research and so if we have educators on the line here um i'll tell you i started this because i was in a high school astronomy teacher and i wanted my students to do to have the opportunity to do research but um didn't have the tools and the background necessary to do it and it was very frustrating and i couldn't find the resources so i've over the last four to five years been building those resources and so now i teach people around the country and around the world how to get students involved in astronomy research um so we have this non-profit organization now we had national science foundation funding and we're really expanding and it's exciting so we have developed the small telescope astronomical research handbook which is sort of our textbook um and it's you know how not only how to do astronomy research and the science but how to write a paper for publication how to work in teams sort of all these things that go into doing research that maybe aren't part of a normal science course actually usually aren't and we have a whole online learning management system set up that can actually just be copied and made your own if you're interested in canvas um and we teach classes on this so uh i also make video tutorials lots of these let's use astro image j it's another image processing software to do our astrometric measurements gerald measured mentioned astrometry which is the measurement of positions of things and that's what we do mostly um looking at double stars and looking at you know their historical observations so we can you know contribute to the orbits that have been calculated from observations from the past 150 years we also do exoplanet transits and um variable stars and we're going to get beginning into asteroid you know lucky finding following up on those asteroid measurements because that's so important um so we have all kinds of resources and one of the other things i do is i help coordinate and put on international conferences around robotic telescopes and one of the coolest things that has come out of that is um the last company's observatory is a network of they have i think 24 telescopes around the globe in all northern and southern hemispheres and the ones shown here the little green dots these are they have 10.4 meter telescopes that after our first robotic telescope conference in 2017 they made accessible for education so there are 22 partners around the globe that have access to these telescopes and it is amazing and this would be really great for doing um asteroid follow-up because you can follow these things for longer you can follow them 24 hours a day since we have telescopes all around the globe so that would be really fun to implement so um we use telescopes there the sky net robotic telescope network we use these telescopes we have access to all kinds of telescopes which is so much fun this is exactly what i wanted for my students and now i get to help other people um access these and use these and um we there's also um oh micro observatory if you work with younger students this is a really great place to start what's really cool now though is a lot of like organizations like micro observatory and sky net they're developing these browser-based image analysis tools um an astrometrica i've i've opened it i haven't used it for measurements but i don't know if it runs equally well on any kind of computer or not or if i think you download it but um sometimes that's difficult in a classroom setting so uh there's these browser-based tools where you can do exoplanet photometry so measuring the change in brightness as that exoplanet goes in front of its star and process all your images so we um there's also my uh micro observatory that people can access and by the way all these things are close to free the only story i've mentioned if you become a global sky partner with less cumbersome observatory through a proposal process and you get free access to these telescopes and a micro observatory free free programs where you can use these little telescopes to introduce students to research and and um the comic three and the tools the real tools of astronomers um i mentioned uh writing for publication is a really important part of our work and this is one example this is the journal of double star observations um from april of this year and i had to break up the page but you can see here all the ones with stars on them are papers published by students um at different branches of the astronomy research seminar that i teach so what we do is we try and help other institutions create their own astronomy research seminar so we teach them all the tools and usually we'll have instructors take our research seminar either with students or or just on their own and they go through the whole process as if they're a student and end up with a publication um and then they can start their own and i'll give i'll you know provide support over a couple of years to until they're comfortable running their own research seminar so um it's kind of exciting to see that students are really contributing to this small field and i i like this field because while it's sort of simple astronomy it's it's real astronomy and it's something manageable within a semester for sure um and i love this uh the contribution from the students to to the real data in within this publication they also publish elsewhere and i'll get to that in just a second but these are the number of the graph on the left the number of seminar articles in the journal of double star observations per year and started out slow down there a couple per year for a couple years and then um i joined the team around middle 2000 end of 2014 um we tried some stuff and then by 2016 we were like oh my gosh 30 something publications from students it went crazy we have this online component um and it's exciting and 2019 uh this number is going to probably double you know in the next publication that comes out so and then the graph on the left on the right shows the percentage of journal double star observation articles contributed by the seminar so notice that students are not contributing a third more than a third of of these papers and that these measurements of positions and angles uh and uh separations in position angles of double stars and it's really fun um the other thing that's going on is students are going beyond what we initially expect them to do and especially if you have students that know coding can do python coding they're just doing these amazing things like developing new tools this is now um this double star's query is an a browser based tool to help select double stars that you can access with whatever telescope you're you're using and that is so cool because before we were using a couple different tools and even work on this system or that system and now there's this really beautiful one that a student created another thing another student use desmos if you're familiar with this online graphing tool um to study the orbital parameters there are seven orbital parameters that go into these double star orbits and they can all be manipulated um in this program so that you can get a really great sort of visual sense of what goes into an orbit and how we figure out orbits based on perhaps a hundred years of measurements that may or may not be so accurate um so that's exciting uh the other thing I want to mention so students published in the jdso students published in some other journals that are available and I also now um we all know as educators the value of of presenting your work and interacting with an authentic audience so I go around the country and put on workshops where I bring in amateur astronomers professional astronomers teachers students everybody into these workshops where they can learn about this astronomy research and students who have done the research already will present their research and it's such an amazing experience for them this is these are my favorite pictures so far I've done five or six of these over the last few years this one was in new york in april um at the northeast astro imaging conference and this shows some students presenting their research and I here's the one of the papers titled investigation of 11 charter systems etc but the people in the audience oh my gosh you guys the guy in the blue shirt is astronaut don pettit who's in line to go either up to the moon or back up to the international space station where he's gone three times it's his favorite place in the universe to be um uh and these students he's sitting there in the audience listening to these students the other person here is um arnie hendon here was the uh executive director of the american association of variable startups reversed for 20-something years I believe and so these students are really interacting with the people that know this stuff professionals and then they get to hang out with them and it really adds meaning and value to their work and there and changes their sense of sort of being part of a community in a really big way so that's this is some of what I do um we here's more examples of students presenting at different places here's um mount wilson observatory we had two different times this summer we had student groups go up there and use these historic telescopes that were used to discover um you know like the andromeda nebula is actually a galaxy outside our own galaxy you know and students are using that telescope to collect data and and write papers on and that's really exciting and these are just more students presenting at different conferences that I hold around the country and um it's really fun for me that the astronomy research seminar last year 2018 these were you know we're we're spreading from our original location in in uh san luso-bispo california um uh to quite a few other locations that now I'm teaching a course where it was going to be instructors and students colleges mostly college instructors um some high school and then some students all around the country and then um Gerald mentioned the international astronomical union that has the minor planet center last week I was in unik germany for the first biennial international astronomical union astro edu conference so asterisk education conference so international astronomical union has now created this new body to talk about education and help you know improve astronomy education globally so now I had to make a new map because there are people in portugal and italy that are also in in my research seminar now um and these are instructors that want to bring it to all of the teachers within actually their countries so that's really exciting I do research on the impacts of this kind of research on students uh looking at you know what are the benefits how does it affect their trajectories in in um education and careers you know does it change their identity their sort of self identity as scientists it's very exciting work um I was I always think it was really funny that astronomy was sort of not even close to the most important thing that students got out of the astronomy research seminar um even one quote from a student because I interviewed them was like yeah I learned how to write and work in teams and blah blah blah I wasn't really in it for the astronomy but that was fun too so um and here I put on global conferences uh our next one is gonna be gonna be in melbourne australia in december where it's all about bringing together the network telescope network um folks with the educators and science education evaluators just bringing sort of the whole community together to expand the programs and and help bring this most amazing astronomy to everyone we can and this is one of my favorite pictures from the conference because on the left is wane rosing the founder of las cumbres observatory telescopes um so there that's the biggest network of truly sort of global network of telescopes um and they do a lot of they do actually both lco and um sky net networks do gravitational wave follow-up observations so these are what the professionals are using they're doing cutting-edge research and so this is wane rosing of las cumbers observatory meeting dan reikert of sky net telescope uh network and it was kind of amazing because it's basically the merging of the two major telescope networks so that was really fun um and that's that's what i do and we're going to be doing asteroids really soon because asteroids are amazing and i work with a lot of amateur astronomers who uh do asteroid research um who have telescopes that can be dedicated for you know two or three months at a time especially for things like studying binary asteroids which need this sort of more constant observation so astronomy is amazing love to interact with everyone and thanks for listening awesome thanks rachel i think the primary question that i saw coming through during your presentation was regarding the age range of the research group do you also do high school students or is it just uh university oh absolutely high school in fact that's yes i love working with the high school students that's almost that's almost like that is my preference because this is accessible to high school students and it really gives them a better taste of science there's research that shows that one of the reasons students don't go into science is because the science that they get in school is not actually anything like science so they don't really have an understanding of science so this is an opportunity to change that a little bit okay great thank you so much all right so let's take about there are a number of questions that are here in the chat so let's take maybe 10 15 minutes and just kind of go through them and you both can kind of answer the questions that you feel most comfortable answering i think the first question that we had was regarding cost of telescopes can you give us kind of a sense of how much these telescopes i'm thinking more ground-based how much the ground-based telescopes typically cost well i can maybe help out a little bit there your typical amateur telescope fairly good quality can cost you anywhere from 500 to $5,000 but you want to get not just a good telescope you also want to get a really good mount and mounts can cost as much as the telescope i was working with a guy the other day who has a very high-end telescope it's an amateur telescope and a mount and all these associated software and everything and he's easily into it for $20,000 now most amateurs don't go quite that extreme but it's not unusual to spend several thousand dollars on a telescope and a mount so that you can do astrophotography and you can get some data that's useful so of course then you can get into the much higher end stuff where it costs you know upwards of $100,000 but for an amateur you can get in probably for two or three thousand dollars pretty easily great so the next question is regarding pha's and the question is kind of around predicted timelines so what they're really what they're asking is what's the predicted time when a million large potentially hazardous asteroids will be discovered i think that's more related to the rate like at what rate are we discovering those well we discover probably close to 2,000 new asteroids a year now they're not all near-earth asteroids but just to give you an idea of the the numbers that we're talking about we get buzzed if you will by asteroids several times a month so far this year since january 1st there have been 42 asteroids that have come closer to the earth than the moon out of those 42 only two of them were considered pha's the vast majority of asteroids out there are small they're too small to be a serious threat anything smaller than 30 meters is probably going to burn up in our atmosphere and the vast majority of near-earth asteroids are in the 30 meter or less class in terms of finding them one of the requirements that nasa is working under is a requirement that they find all asteroids larger than 140 meters they were supposed to have it done by 2020 i think the the goal was 90 percent by 20 the year 2020 we're nowhere near reaching that goal they also had a goal of finding 90 percent or more of asteroids larger than one kilometer those are the extinction level events and we've actually achieved that goal so we know we now found more than 90 percent of the one kilometer or larger asteroids but we've got a long way to go before we find the 140 meter or larger asteroids and again most of the ones we find are much smaller less than 50 meters let me ask a quick follow-up related to that not in the chat but i know there's probably out there with these questions how do you know that you found 90 percent of those well it takes a little bit of mathematics there's a kind of a long example that i hear once in a while if you have a bucket full of beads and some of them are red and some of them are green and you randomly just reach in the bucket without looking and start pulling out beads and marking them and then putting them back in eventually you start pulling out beads that are already marked and so you know you're starting to see roughly what the percentage of the total amount of beads is for a given color and the same thing is true for asteroids when we start finding the same asteroid over and over again in the same size range that sort of gives us a hint at what their percentage is of the total population for a given size of asteroid so yeah it's it's some mathematics and some statistics involved but it does work pretty well and it does you know as we do actual observations we're finding that it's it's pretty accurate that that was a beautiful analogy i loved it thank you um so the next question is regard regarding research so does your team's research involve any sort of artificial intelligence and if so where in the research and what is its purpose um i assume that that my student research programs we don't use artificial intelligence because it's regular intelligence and Gerald do we use any artificial intelligence the minor the minor planet center is using a little bit of it i mentioned earlier the large synoptic survey telescope lsst which is going to come online and i think they're going to actually start doing real science around the year 2023 and they will be using artificial intelligence they're going to find so many transient objects out there that they have to have a way of sorting through them and picking the real objects from you know the hot pixels and the cosmic rays and so forth uh so they're going to be using artificial intelligence to do that great um so the next question is what other factors besides gravitational fields are considered when predicting the course of an asteroid well i can answer that there are a couple of factors uh gravity is of course a dominant factor for determining orbits but asteroids are subject to some other forces most notably something called the jarkovsky effect all asteroids rotate some rotate fast some slow as they are rotating and orbiting around the sun the side of the asteroid that faces the sun is heated by the sun as the asteroid rotates that heated side turns away from the sun and then starts to radiate heat back out into space that heat radiation actually creates a very small but measurable force on the asteroid that slowly changes its orbit so you'll hear when you study asteroid orbits you'll hear a lot about the jarkovsky effect also smaller asteroids can be affected by the solar wind and of course then there's the occasional collision that changes everything so there are a number of other factors but primarily it's the gravitational pull of the sun and the planets they all kind of work together great and i want you to know that most of these questions are coming from tenefly high school so and they're asking fantastic questions i'll keep asking questions because we still have about another seven eight minutes that we can talk um all right so our next question is what are some of the latest ways to use telescopes to solve the problem of identifying asteroid compositions tough one i'm giving rachel a chance so i mean i guess that would be um spectroscopy right in large part right right and we're um you know there's a lot more more spectrographs coming online on these telescopes but that allows you to determine in large part the elements so are we using are we using ground-based telescopes for those or those mostly things oh really yeah both ground-based and space-based telescopes you know there's a lot of different ways you can do good science on asteroids you know i focus on tracking the asteroids and finding their positions and how bright they are and so forth but there are other amateurs who work on things like asteroid rotation rates getting light curves on asteroids to see how fast they rotate there are astronomers who work just on spectroscopy of asteroids to try to determine their composition so there's a lot of different things you can do and in terms of asteroid research you don't just need to be tracking them okay um so i'm gonna actually combine oh i'm sorry go ahead rachel oh i was just gonna add one little thing to that which is sort of the the sort of new field of wide binary asteroids these are much harder to detect but they're very cool because they're giving us insight into the behavior and you mentioned the Gerald mentioned the Yarkovsky effect and and that has has a role in this where as these asteroids they can they can get spun up by these effects and then break apart but then they're still gravitationally bound and so they'll come depending on the masses of the two pieces then they'll come back together and form a contact binary and in fact i think the one that we landed on recently um was that contact binary we learned a lot from that um and that we can also learn about the the composition of these asteroids because you have to sort of know what is it that's allowing them to sort of stick back together and all that um but these wide binary asteroids are something that to take they're really hard to to observe or to find so it was i think almost fortuitous that people were doing these long observations and sort of saw a secondary period in addition to the the rotational period of an asteroid and then oh there's something else here anyway so there's lots of cool science in there absolutely and even to follow on with the binary um if the people on the line don't know when we got to baneu you know the plan the plan was to do this sample return where you just kind of take this canister and you just kind of touch the surface and it would collect up what we thought was going to be dust and as a matter of fact when we get there it's just kind of like a big ball of just rubble just kind of stuck together and it just kind of poofs out and then goes back and it's it's weird yeah it turns out that a lot of the asteroids are what we call rubble pile asteroids they're just collections of rocks and gravel that are just loosely bound gravitationally and by static electrical forces and easily broken apart and not so easily sampled but on the other side those are also things that should they enter earth's atmosphere yeah they break up break up real easily right so a little less little less of the scary type of asteroid so related to scary asteroids i'm going to kind of combine a few questions together around that um so there's questions about the what are the next steps so when you identify these phas these things that are on a on a collision course with earth um you know what are the next steps you know what do we what do we do as a nation what do we do as as the globe world to try to um you know do we build anti asteroid weapons you know what do we do what's the plan well there are actually a number of proposals some of which have been tested and some of which are going to be tested real soon um one concept is called the impactor concept where you go up to an asteroid take a spacecraft up to an asteroid and you basically fire a bullet at it but it's a large mass and it hits the asteroid and it bumps the asteroid changing its orbit another concept is the gravity tractor where you take a massive spacecraft put it in orbit directly in front of the asteroid the mutual gravitation between the spacecraft and the asteroid allows the spacecraft to change course very gradually and pull the asteroid along with it so there are ideas like that you can uh one kind of uh weird uh suggestion is to paint the asteroid white if you paint it white it changes its reflectivity and that means the that Yarkovsky effect changes and that can deflect the asteroid but any of these concepts has to be done not a week before impact it's going to be done years before impact because if you do it years before impact it takes a very small change in the orbit to cause the asteroid to miss the earth if you wait a week or so a month even a month before impact and try to do this you're just not going to be able to deflect it enough to avoid impact but the really important point is impacts are extremely rare they don't happen very often especially impacts by large asteroids so uh you know we've got that mother nature working on our side making sure that for the most part we're really not in that much danger from them okay and we're going to end with this one last question which is looking into the future so how do you see the field of asteroid hunting and imaging changing and evolving in the future um LSST is going to change it a lot LSST is the large synoptic survey telescope it's going to be able to spot a million transits per night so it's going to be a huge amount of data and like i said before they're going to use artificial intelligence to sort through that and get the real stuff from the the not so real stuff but still it's going to be a tremendous amount of data and we're going to have to be able to process that process that data follow up on all those observations so it's going to be a major game changer awesome thank you so much and with just a few minutes left i think it's time to make our big announcement here over at Infiniscope so for those of you that haven't been around since the beginning or you're new to Infiniscope and you haven't heard um our very first learning experience that we designed here is actually called where are the small worlds and it's an asteroid hunting game um and so what you do is you actually uh use you kind of use Kepler's third law you kind of just don't know you're using it um in order to identify where these are in the solar system so you based on the speed of the object you determine whether or not it's a near earth object whether it's a main asteroid belt object or if it's a kuiper belt object and honestly the kuiper belt objects are very very difficult to find because they move so terribly slow in the night sky so our big announcement let me uh do a quick screen share here is that officially as of last Thursday we have released a new updated version of this game called women in STEM so when you play this game um just like the just like our original game you actually start out with an introduction from Lindy Elkins Tanton who is the principal investigator of the psyche mission and she is based here out of ASU I actually am going to hit the end here so I can show you a couple of other things if you have played this game before what you'll notice is that we've actually updated the stars the night sky so it's a little harder and easier to see the objects which is a really weird thing so you can you may or may not be able to discern it on your screen because we are in fact sharing by a zoom and it doesn't do a great job of showing but these objects are moving on our screen and I'm going to go ahead our mission and we start to explore for these small worlds that has been explored by a woman in STEM you get to meet her you get to learn a little bit about her past uh what she's done with that particular with a particular mission to explore that world and you'll also earn a gold coin instead of a silver coin for finding her world so I will leave you with the big challenge of head out and start playing with the women in STEM version of where the small worlds and see if you can find all of the gold coins that are hidden out on those 15 worlds we've hidden there so with that I want to say personally thank you all for coming to this webinar we do have it recorded Vivian has done a fantastic job of making sure that she'll be sending that information over I will send a follow-up email to everyone with all of the resources and make sure you have access to anything and everything that you've been asking for and also one final thank you to Gerald and Rachel thank you for taking your time and sharing your world with us so that we can better educate the people that we work with my pleasure thank you all right thank you all and we will be in touch


The true test of a leader, the true test of a trader is how they react when things are slow and when things are dead because this is when you are the most vulnerable. This is when you have the most chances to screw up. So don't feel discouraged. You guys are not alone. The market is horrible. This is the worst stock market in the last 20 years. This is possibly the next great depression happening right before our eyes. So it's really tough out there. And I'll tell you guys, if you could just stay alive in this market when the cycle gets better, you will be printing money. So give yourself the best chance of success by being alive, staying alive, trading. And we will get back to hopefully a much better, much faster, much more lucrative market.


What's up everybody of the mangoos? You were awesome and today I want to talk about what Team Soul Eve can improve in Paragon the Over Prime before Early Access on December 8th. This video is going to be heavy on criticism and constructive feedback, so I want to say right out of the gate that I had an absolute blast playing the final beta test and I'm very much looking forward to being able to play this game daily when Early Access is available. There were problems though and I reached out to you, the community, to help identify some of the things that could make the game a little bit better. I did a poll asking how people felt about the game, most people chose the It Was Good option instead of the It Was Great option and there are multiple reasons for that. Game length. Soul Eve wanted their game to be fast paced with plenty of action and team fights.  I know people are going to take this as a skill issue and you could certainly end the game quickly if your team was significantly better than the enemy team, but I found that in an uncoordinated environment, equally skilled teams, be that equally bad or equally good, would have games that lasted upwards of like 45 minutes.  My candidate for the main offender of Game Extension is the very short respawn timers coupled with travel mode. It was difficult to press the advantage when getting priority after a team fight. You could either attempt to push a lane or take a neutral objective, but no matter what you chose, you could be assured that the enemy team would respawn at full health and mana before you could get halfway through whatever you were trying to do and then they would use travel mode to quickly counter your offensive. This was especially annoying when trying to take a major objective like orb prime. Unless you had all of the enemy inhibitors down with main ways pushing the core and orb prime take was always a risk, especially with the power of that thing, which that's a whole different problem that we'll get to later. Comeback mechanics are one thing, but the short death timers coupled with travel mode felt like it punished good gameplay. I personally love travel mode, so I would much rather see them increase the duration of respawn timers instead of getting rid of travel mode. Controller support. While this is a topic that doesn't really affect me, it affects many of you. Over Prime did not have dedicated controller support for the game. Yes, you could map your controls out on steam and use controller that way, but it's far, far more preferable that Soul Eve institutes their own organic controller support. It's also a step towards a virtual console release, and we all know how important that is to the community. We've seen them play the game with a PlayStation controller on PlayStation, and that's awesome. But hopefully they aren't just focusing on controller use for console. Many of you have purchased PCs to play all of these Paragon remakes, and it would be nice if you could use whatever input you prefer. Neutral Objectives. This is a topic that you guys actually changed my mind on. At first, I actually liked that taking the Prime Guardian dealt damage to everything on the battlefield. Heroes, towers, inhibs, even the core in some situations. It's a decent answer to the extended game length. However, it was just way too strong, and it kind of felt bad for both sides. There's just something truly exhilarating about pushing with your team to the enemy core. Hell, it's fun for the defending team to attempt and possibly even succeed at defending that push. Just taking Prime and having it do the job for you? That doesn't feel good. You want to see yourself and your team cheering in victory around the core as it explodes, as opposed to everyone sitting in a pit mid-map when the victory screen just suddenly pops up. I think there's a pretty simple solution here. Just stop letting Prime Guardian deal damage to the core. Here's a much more controversial take. Stop it from dealing damage to heroes as well. It truly sucked when your team was low on health and resources from battling the Prime Guardian, only to have one person from the enemy team jump in, win the 50-50 smite contest, and then the Guardian damage kills you. Again, you're punishing good gameplay. Bugs. Oh my God, I was shocked by how many bugs were present in this iteration of the game. There were a few in the last closed beta test they had, but nothing on par with what we experienced in the final beta test. It was everything from Revenant's gun not reloading to just getting stuck inside of a friendly ice wall. I certainly hope everyone was doing their best to report these as they have them because, holy crap, it seemed every hero had something going on. Aurora and Xena were of course the worst offenders with Aurora getting stuck in mid-air when using ice wall and Xena literally breaking the game if she used her ultimate on a dashing hero. But major bugs like that will definitely be noticed by SoulEvenFix. It's the minor ones I worry about. Like Xena's charge up attack never seemed to take you where you're supposed to go, and Gideon getting stuck in the field of view meant for a torn space. Oh, it was kind of terrible. And then there were melee attacks. I personally didn't experience this much as I rarely played melee heroes, but I've had so many people complain in comments about rubber banding, stuttering, or just straight up displacement when using melee attacks. I do like how they have hit stop animations on melees, but not if the cost is just bugged attacks in general. Bushes, this is my personal bugaboo, and I know many of you don't agree with me on this, but I wholeheartedly feel that you should be revealed when attacking or using abilities in bushes. Having the bushes sway when an enemy moved inside them was nice, but having an ADC chunk at you with full visibility while you have kind of like, guess where they are felt terrible. With the range of murals abilities, you could literally just spend the entire laning phase in your bush supporting your ADC without ever being seen by the enemy duo. Yes, you can ward bushes, but there were four bushes to worry about in duo lane. There is no way you can keep up that kind of coverage when the enemy team is also de-wording you. While you often see people complain about ADCs being overpowered, it was the crit damage multiplier that was the real offender here. I think it was something like 2.25 of a normal basic attack, and that's without the sword that gave you extra crit damage. That's insane. ADCs were only considered overpowered because ADC items provided a ton of crit chance, forcing you to focus on items that nullified crit damage instead of building what you prefer. It was far more noticeable on ADCs because they could ping you from afar while any melee heroes building crit had to, they kinda had to at least get into your face to deal damage, and that could be outplayed a little more easily. You also didn't see many bruiser-type heroes building crit because the tank items in the game provided an insane cost-to-benefit ratio. We got to see in the tournament that late game tanks ruled over Prime, not ADCs, so they need to take a look at that as well.  Ability queuing. I've also seen many people complain that their abilities didn't activate when they hit their buttons. This could be due to any number of things, but I'm pretty sure over Prime doesn't include ability queuing. What I mean by that is, in Paragon, also in Fault, actually, you could enter inputs quickly and the abilities would go off in the order of the input. Shemby's double dash is a great example. You should be able to dash and immediately dash again if you right-click twice. However, because you couldn't queue abilities, you would dash, have to wait a moment, and then dash again. This is much more noticeable on faster-paced heroes, and I certainly felt it on Countess. Poor Countess was kind of a mess in the final beta test, and I think it's mainly because you couldn't insta-unload your entire kit on somebody. There were very small, maybe even just 0.1 second delays between your dash in, your spin, and your blood wave, but that 0.1 second delay was very noticeable. Experience and gold gain. This is one I personally had a big issue with as a mid-support main. However, I've talked to others who felt that in-game progression was fine. It felt way too slow to me, though. It felt like it took an eternity to get enough gold for three items, and it was common to see people at level 15 35 minutes into the game.  I understand that as a support. That's just common. But as a mid laner or off laner? Yeah, I don't know about that. Hopefully, SoulEve will take a look at the in-game progression when compared between various roles and adjust gold and XP drip accordingly. That's all I have for now. I do want to stress that even though I spent an entire video bitching about what was wrong, I still had fun with the game. I think it's an amazing achievement that you can have this much to improve on, but still have such an entertaining base game. I highly doubt they'll be able to fix all of these problems before early access, but if I had to pick two that I think they should focus on, it's the respawn timers and controller support. The rest is, of course, important, but I think those two would offer the most benefit to the game and its players. Let me know in the comments below if I missed something. Like the video if you enjoyed it. Sub for more third-person mobile content, but for now, this is the man-goose signing off. You guys, have a good one. Man-goose! Levy version 2, Clorox TV, iBloodHunter, and Raven.


Welcome to Tell Us Hell's Tycoons. I'm Cody. I'm Jacob.   Yeah, absolutely Maybe you disagree with them, but it doesn't mean you have to disagree. They may say hey This president Is amazing. He's the greatest ever. She's the greatest ever whatever and you know what you may disagree If you did you publicly disagree with them, you will not make the sound right? You do not make sales when you're in a state of disagreement, right? So you know what? I understand. I'm with you That sounds like you're agreeing when really you're just acknowledging what they say and you're going along with it Yeah, to move to the next step. Yeah, and you know what and I've heard a lot of people say that about our pricing Believe it or not. It's incredible Once our clients see the value and they love us they fall in love with us They're like man, I would have paid more right and there's the answer. That's the answer part of it That's it is you agreed with them. Yes, you're on the same page now You've answered you've acknowledged that you've heard what they're saying. Yep, and then you got to ask You have to ask if you do not ask the psychology We've noticed if you don't ask they will reassume control of the call They will remember their original objection because you didn't do anything you didn't give them any information You didn't ask yeah once you put all three together and you move into the ask and you say okay now Knowing what you know and knowing you're gonna freaking love me 5,000 or 10,000 which one are you more comfortable with? Then you reassume control you shut your mouth you zip those lips and they feel obligated to answer Your question and the reason that the 3a's really worked very well is number one most objections aren't legitimate objections They're knee-jerk reactions these people are getting you know five six calls every day and They just have a saying that they go to it's their go-to saying every single time that the average salesperson on the phone The average telemarketer would give up exactly and we're creatures of habit to think that if I'm going to say No to someone I've got a patterned Way and phrase that I'm going to use. Yeah, no. Thank you. I really not interested, you know, that's kind of mine Yeah, naturally. We've all got that and the consumers on the other end of the phone do too Yeah, I mean so follow three a's, but there's also another one. That's pretty popular. You think about it, man I don't know. I'm not ready. I don't want to make a decision. I'll call you back. Yeah No, ma'am not gonna happen. What are they gonna say?  Yeah, you know, so it's like, okay What do we do when they want to think about it? Hey, I totally get it. I understand I'm with you and a lot of my clients felt the exact same way Until they realized the value that this will bring to their family It's it's whole life coverage day one never in price never changes.  You have all the information you need You know, unfortunately, I know new callbacks. It's it's a call center. It's a rule of our company What if I could because I love you be in agreement? I can't Unfortunately, so therefore, but you have all the information you need to make an informed educated decision You know, you want it? Won't you just take it? You know There's tons of different methods, but but the key is you have to be in agreement always even when you get to price Yeah, hey price is too much You're right, right? I'm with you.  Do you believe it Betty? Do you think that's gonna happen? I mean just just be creative with it do some ad-libbing but always be in agreement answer it and then ask any final words For objections things we do just just remember that when the objection comes Do not do not back down You've got to continue to push you got to continue to persist because they're knee-jerk reactions It's it's the first thing that comes to their head They said it to five other guys who've called them that day and don't be the one don't be the sixth one that gives up Push a little bit further the toughest clients the toughest leads are always the best long term Don't give up easy overcome objections. Thanks for hanging out on tell sales tycoons. Let's do it


So it sounds like your friends come to you a lot when they're struggling Decision-making how has your research influenced your own decision-making patterns? so Very much You know one one thing about my friends if you if you start studying decision-making your friends always think that you're doing an experiment on them So no matter no matter what happens right people come to dinner. They always think like you know What's the catch here? What's going on? Is this wine really this wine or is the change the label and you know, so But in terms of my own decisions, I would say that there are kind of three types of decisions There's the little decisions the big decisions and the repeated decisions or habitual decisions And on the little decisions, I don't think I've changed that much right? It's it's a lot of effort to change all the little decisions I do notice things right so I go and I say oh, isn't it fun that that you know There's a medium coffee that is this big or isn't it fun that they're putting a really expensive item on the menu So I notice those things but often they they work on me just as well, right? It's a little bit like visual illusions if you notice visual illusion. It doesn't mean you you're not susceptible to them So that's that's one category the category of big decisions Those I think I'm better on and and I think I'm better on that because I Understand a little bit better all the biases that would come into them I think about them more carefully and and I think about what would maximize my well-being buying a house is an example So so when you buy a house There's some standard decisions that mistakes that happen to people So so one is what is called anchoring anchoring is the idea that the your previous decision Influences your next decision. So if you bought an expensive house, you're likely to buy an expensive house again so and Imagine that you have two people who are moving to Pittsburgh. One of them is moving from LA very expensive Housing market one of them is moving from some Small town in Texas where the housing market is very cheap And let's imagine those people have the same level of wealth and so on What would happen to those people is that the LA person everything will look so cheap to them And they'll buy a very big house the Texas person everything would look crazy expensive for them And so on even though they have the same Financial resources so for example when I moved to Durham from Boston Everything looked very cheap to me, but I knew about these bias and I could try to overcome it I would try to think okay. Let's not focus on pricing Let's think about what do I want from a quality of life or another example with housing We know that if people live close to a grocery store They actually are healthier because if you live far away from a grocery store and you make your trip to the grocery store Only once in a while you buy less fresh fruit and vegetables and you eat more frozen meals And that's very unhealthy if you live in a short distance to a grocery store You end up eating much much more healthy So so you can see how even understanding what influences our decision can can make your decision better So that's that's on that side and then we have the middle decision Which we said what about repeated decisions and repeated decisions could be little decisions, but they show up a lot and here too I think knowing Something about decision-making could be very helpful so for example If you think about the temptation of overeating right a temptation of having a muffin in breakfast or Stuff like that if it's a one-time thing you might fail But if you think about it as what habits do I want to create now? You can say let me work on this habit. Let me strengthen the habit Let me create a process from it and so on and now you could take away bad habits and create good habits So just as an example for myself.  You think that's the right thing to do and not not the most healthy thing in the world I changed that but but not just did I change it? I did something else I actually love espressos and and what they do is I I use the the the morning Espresso to create another activity in the office. So my usual ritual is I come in I make my Espresso I get to my desk and I start working on something thoughtful. I don't open email I don't open a browser. I work on something that I actually want to make progress on today and and that ends up being an Incredibly useful thing because if you say, you know, how many hours of productive work do we get a day? We all have to admit not enough a lot of our days hijacked by all kinds of things including social media So I not only just drink coffee and not have something I use that coffee as a reward for something else that I want to do So for habitual decisions, I I think very carefully about the environment and about Temptation and what habit do I want and how they build on each other? And I try very much to create a system around that. Yeah, I think everyone Focuses on Motivation willpower and they don't realize that creating habits are actually more helpful to eliminate those decisions entirely So the morning coffee, you know, don't have to go scrambling through the kitchen to figure out what you're gonna cook for breakfast The coffee is now tied to something pleasurable for you and you avoid the meal altogether But imagine every morning having to get up and say, well, am I gonna have an orange today? Or that croissant looks good. Even that little decision saps your willpower and ultimately leads to you over eating Yeah, and and it's it's this is kind of the creating rituals and habits And you made a decision at some point, right? Or may you made some some sequence you build it over time what you do But once you've made it, you're not Reexamining it and that's that's a way to take small decisions and to say instead of making the small decision every time Let's create a ritual. Let's create a habit Let's create the repeated behavior and that would help us control our behavior It will take away from the making lots of different decision and making it One big decision of what ritual to have and then it will self-inforce itself


What is up everybody Jason here for Jasper's case breaks calm We just sold out an R&B that features the Angels Royals and Mets guys in 2024 tops chrome black baseball 12 box peaker team number one guys And again, just like any other R&B You'll get a share of these teams if those teams hit and they're numbered They'll go by the serial number that you get assigned to from a number zero through nine There's your examples there Remember any and all redemption for these three teams will automatically go to spot zero and of course there's any non-numbered cards We'll still be some base maybe some autographs if there is we'll randomize those to you guys back in a one lot And most likely we'll separate the base from like the autographs, especially if there's multiple But we'll play about here We'll see how much we get so that we can make it as fair and even as possible But everybody gets a one-in-ten shot to get everything guys So here you go guys dice roll. Here's the customer names. Here's the numbers zero one two three four five six seventy nine roll it three and six nine one two three four five six seven eight nine nine times Three and a six nine nine Jeremy port down to Joe. Let's put that here in the R&B list And then nine times here one Two three four five six seven eight nine nine times nine nine zero down to six nine nine So Jeremy has zero as well as five Jeremy Smith sport port that is Jeremy Smith of three Sportport you have eight Joe with one seven Johnny with nine and then Joe with four two and six All right guys, so there you guys go now in a separate video is going to be the break itself Good luck guys


What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards, and I'm ripping one box of 20 22 Bowman University football hobby for Austin s so good luck Austin see we got in here for you buddy Let me double check what ships out of this hold on see if it's all cards or not Hold on see Regular paper base does not ship so I will make sure to separate out your inserts You will get all of your hits your numbered stuff Any refractors like not numbered chrome refractors anything chrome basically you'll get just no paper I'm just gonna do this like a normal bowman baseball So I'm just gonna open them all make a little pile and then we'll just flip through them all at the end So I'm gonna get a head start in my team. Yeah, I feel that I feel that one rusty on Bowman Yeah, I used to be able to fly through these I haven't opened it in a while so So rusty on it. Oh my god. They are kind of tough for sure. I Just wish with Bowman you I think it just be such a better product like it's a good product. I enjoy it I think it's a really good alternative, but I think it would be even better if It came in like like a regular Bowman like jumbo like I don't know less packs basically Have 12 packs instead of 24 and just have more cards that eat cards and each I think that's the That would be the moves right there Yeah, not definitely Jesse or a hundred percent right not not the easiest thing in the world to open go Austin. Good luck, buddy Paper got toa Tawa got Invicta Magi Sanders got refractor Kate Aten. That's not numbered Got gold auto Spencer Rattler Nice hit there Let's go 10 out of 75 on the yellow. That's beautiful former sooner quarterback now a South Carolina Gamecock Nice hit for you there Austin. Good way to start it for sure Refractor Emory Jones, Florida got green shimmer Kenny pick it nice another nice hit. It's a good box so far Not numbered on the green shimmer just nice parallel though Bryce young in their base Second stack K. Sean beauty Second auto is gonna be refractor not numbered Jordan battle Jordan battle That'll do it for your two autos nice Brock Bowers Invicta Kyle Hamilton noted in got green Mackenzie Milton. That is 90 98 out of 99 on the green Oh, it was geez good call Nick Kenny pick it was numbered that is actually 33 out of 99 my apologies Good catch. Thank you Nick Nick P and YouTube. Thank you, man. I would have missed that completely. I appreciate that and We've got Jalen Weidemeier on the not numbered refractor Texas A&M That'll do it for your break there Austin congrats on all the hits man. We will get them right out to you Thanks again


Good morning traders. Good morning everybody. This is Jay Trader over here a mentor of Bookmap Today we had Morning trading on Tesla We started to trade Tesla very early often will start trading this pre-market over here I'm running Tesla on You can see just five minute timeframe. I'm seeing blocks of five minutes in five minutes. I like to see it like this and Just now I'm going to zoom out in order to show you the Main levels that we had this morning and I'm gonna put in my screen over here So let me know everybody if you're able to see my screen if you heard me correctly Also, welcome everybody and a glad you're over here. We're making this educational Lessons for everybody in order for you to learn so good morning Tony Charu Niles Greg Brian Vale Good morning traders. Good morning shadow The main point is to explain it order flow explain you the price action you will hear terms that I'm only using and explaining in my room and This is part of the strategy that I teach to the members that join smoke up room and JTrader Co Now this morning We're gonna make soon a step back looking at daily chart And also hourly chart and I was bullish until early remarket Why? Tesla on the long term is bullish and I will show you after what I mean by that on The medium term is bearish because from the starting of 2022 until now we have lower highs and lower lows in The short term we are bullish This morning we had a Setup that I really like to trade remarket and it was simply you can see here Bull flag pattern This is Tesla on the five minutes, but we can see it on the 15 5 3 1 whatever you prefer We had the major breakout to 25 and 50 which was a which was a key daily level bull flag pattern And then simply started to run Here we have book map Now I believe that the majority of you know how to use this software It's a software that we've been using since years and years my approach is a bullish this morning based on what I said before so short-term bearish and What we are looking was simply too long Few minutes before the open I start saying Why I was looking too long and I will simply Again show over here What we had I posted this seven minutes before the open 923 Tesla I'm looking for the 227 level key to long star. So taking starter between 20 30% and then looking for specific patterns. I Start looking at the order of flow We were screening a screen sharing this in the room Over here we start seeing like sellers and Where I focus was more looking at the main key levels area in this case we can see a Big heat map in area over here to 27. This is 227 Once the price dipped in a 227 Alerted the long exactly this point So we got long in the 227 and then we sold it into this major push Which was also a key resistance this 229. So nice risk-reward ratio Low risk high reward for the fact that we were just risking this 27 We came down a second time So we started having a lower high Higher low our high and then over here we broke this trend And you can see we broke this trend line. I Got long over here into the 227 20s and I said I'm losing. I'm looking to lose to stop 35 40 cents away. I got stopped exactly at this point So over here. I got 3.5 R return over here. I lost less than 0.8 0.7 R and Then we were looking for another push where we had over here Another reversal at this point. So you can see we broke this level. We came down and this is a What I call the bear trap is one of my favorite patterns to trade and it's formed always Once one of the two sides over here over here is trapped in this case with a bear trap Why because we have a bear trap in the moment that we have a breakdown and we start reversing and Pushing above that level of previous support in our resistance Once we confirm this we have the confirmation of this being a bear trap And you can see that now all the shorts are trapped. So the shorts over here They will are they will start stopping out and they will fuel this long and Again, we had this major push till this high again over here 229 So two times it dipped into the lows pushed upside And then we had the second area over here. So this was the secondary move. So in this case we start breaking the Support that we had before three twenty six and fifty which was the previous low We got down to the two twenty six and over here. We had a major Demand zone that was breached to the downside You can see over here and then we start making higher lows from there look over here We breach this it's another trap, right? We don't have over here a follow through to the downside We don't have lower highs lower lows, but instead we start seeing at this point More like a major Cup pattern and if I zoom out You can see even this bigger cup pattern over here with this break. Look over here This is a cup pattern once we break the cup we start dipping and then pushed upside and What is a setup? Well, this is another bear trap pushed upside and I've seen some of the The traders in the room That they master the setup pretty good, I would say first on over here was a former Student so in this case he stood away from the first part of the game was what it was trading Netflix you get the long Stopped then we long started selling adding sold to this push And this is really the perfect trading over here so very tight stop looking too long and Then selling for multiple hours So when you are long zone these dips and you have a stop that stop is very It's very small over here You're losing like half an hour like maybe max one are but over here You have it like four five return and then you add in more another three or four return So you can lose like one hour and then you're gonna make like seven eight ten times more This trade today. I'm pretty happy because he had his record day. So really mastered the trading very good then we had One of our we say all-time students We can say She is full-time traders is a professional right now She treated very good Essentially taking every single dip So bind a dip selling to the push bind a dip selling to the push Adding over here for the long selling and This is really the perfect trading over here. So you see like the system works With the order of flow together with the strategy while we Gonna look at book map We're gonna keep some charts up. So we're gonna put this Just over here below. Okay, there we go So this major dip 1540 is this major dip over here Okay, so this dip is this major dip over here And then once we start reclaiming at 227 sixties. So this level over here the trade over here jumps in and then starts to take profit into this 229's and then we still have this major extension over here You can see that we start breaking at 229 230 There was high volume over here and then at certain point we filled the 230 and Again, everything was Explained this morning seven minutes before the open because this is nine and 23 New York time where we're saying to long the 227 area Which is this point and then locking and longing for at other setups during the day All right, let's start looking at our charts now. We're gonna focus this morning on Tesla I'm looking at Reclaims right now. So this we can cancel it. I'm looking right now at reclaims of this level of 229 So This is what I'm looking. I want to look for this pattern over here for a long play. I Need to see volume. I need to see over here bookmark confirming and Then I'm gonna take another long for the day This is looking at bookmark. So let's point out over here The major level of demand and supply that we had this morning First this is the open. So 930 Let's say you're looking to trade Tesla Look to trade Tesla in those moments that you have a Low risk major support like over here and you can buy the dips you can buy the support and Then look to sell at least partial when you start seeing a major level of resistance that rejects Then you can see over here another major level of support You can see this fake breakdown over here Right away reclaim and then over here We start having high volume and I push to a secondary major level of liquidity And then every single time that this was dipping into a level of liquidity we bounced So we can see How this level over here and this level and this level in this level So these two levels over here were essentially a major catalyst for a bounce So this is the use that I have on bookmapper here that I'm not using bookmapper alone But how to use bookmap how I teach bookmap is to wait bookmapping confirmation wait the setup and there we go Anybody else this morning through the Tesla if you have questions or You want to share your chart? You can send it over traders. So we're gonna review that together So Tiber saying he murdered it. Thank you T board. I saw that you took a very good trade this morning Joe's asking what are the bubbles and heat map style lines? Okay, let's review This is for Tesla. Okay, Jay. So I'm not gonna have the same Setup for everything out there, especially when you trade big caps and small caps my settings will really differ but I Really like to trade Tesla. I really like to trade Apple Meta, Amazon NVIDIA spy and Yes So what I'm liking over here is the fact that I always run very similar Settings for all of these that I just said we're gonna go over here into the study configuration And we're gonna go look at candlesticks Sometimes you will see me putting candlesticks and I will just put over here generally a five minutes Because I want to see five minutes candlestick bars Especially if I see a doji Spinning top a shooting star a hammer hanging man or whatever Those gave you confirmation of the pattern and it's really reliable. Okay Or I can look for bullies in golfing or bearish engulfing So I like to keep over here the candlestick and I will use over here a body of 30 Other times I will put over here at three minutes. So you can see that it's totally different. We're three minutes and in this case This morning we could see very good this pullback and I was alerting this pullback Calling this is a bull flag in the room while I was traded So we had a first one over here working and then you can see the second one over here not really working but Actually pushing and rejecting and then over here. We have a heat map So I like to keep it over here auto You will see me over here time to time to put the exact size, but I suggest to keep it really over here like this Unlike to bright heat map default volume bars over here I'm going to put over here bars with it 15 and volume dots over here I'm going to put it smart not really putting a minimal display volume that you know sometimes could be good But I just keep it very very basic very simple The shuttle is asking any small caps you have traded this morning Personally, but you know, I didn't train small caps this morning. We trade in the room farm we traded seed jet and The other one was FR GT high for case fader Michael is asking how do you treat as that we're optional just sizing up and it's not really moving in percentage Okay, so in order to make a decent amount of money with Tesla and really depends with it would you Would you think about this amount of money? I would tell you use options as the best way to grow the account when I started the Trading I read really really small budget So and I was trading Italian market very different from the US market But we had one thing very similar to this which was trading cover warrants These cover warrants are like contracts very similar to options how they moved in the total market they had a strike that the Greek that Volatility everything just like the options and Of course if the stock would cost 200 bucks, I remember the time we're trading Tiskily a Biscone and all of this We were trading option that works our contracts of cover warrants that were like 0.52 bucks 3 bucks So with you know a 5 10k investment and when I started had even less you could have a good return term percentage For example, I remember that some of the traders that I mentoring yesterday the day before They had a small move on the line stock maybe like 1% 1.5 But option was still good, you know for a 40 50% off return Now it's very different trading options than 10 than on the line stock Because there are like more parameters you have to Focus on like the time decay and all of this But the best way is for me trading options Personally being that I'm not trading over here at the Academy alone, but I have other traders trading with me So we're trading partial on options and partial on the line stock if you have a big account I would say trade the stock because What is the point when you treat a stock you buy and sell at the At the level you want when you're trading options if the stock will be sideways or just have a little bit pullback Your option being that's gonna be influenced by too much time decay will lose so much value Okay premium even if down the line stock is gonna be sideways So you have to be very careful and do a lot of practice before a stick into options When I started cover warrants that were trading one or two cover warrants, you know two three hundred bucks investment Until I mastered how to trade them if you need help buddy just reach out or Join me in the room because we do that daily this morning for example in my plan I can show you my plan what we had This was my plan posted at This is six. Sorry five fifty four in New York time I said Tesla and long-term bullish medium-term bearish or turn bullish plan is to buy calls to 25 and Calls to 25 that a decent amount of return for the day Then when it's 930, I simply share my screen I share the charge that we trade I share the executions and I explain in live how to read book map the trace that I'm taking how I get the feels and everything I Want to point out now my tis is that I can be wrong. Okay, but I'm gonna point out my tis is on on Tesla for the long-term Okay, actually for the medium term So now we're gonna cancel this Okay Yesterday I wrote this Are we going to break the fib level? And I'm gonna explain what I mean by that. So we're gonna do a step back going into the monthly chart and There we go and put the tips now How to place the fibs normally you should put place the fibs from here Okay, so the 100 Fill here the zero, but that's not my time because I do a lot of fibs, especially in small caps. So I'm looking for Precise setups. I put the 100 over here and the zero here and Over here now, I'm gonna cancel these levels. Okay, and over here you can see that just The first of February we had almost a peak Okay, over here into this 2019 and 20 if I go down to the weekly chart You can see the breakout that's happening today So yesterday I wrote are we going to break the fib level the fib level over here of this 38% and My point is this If we break this and confirm the break of this 222 area The next major target that I'm looking is this 260 50% fib the next major target is this 300 So I'm bullish. Okay. I'm bullish over here. We have a first liquidity area here into the 260 a major liquidity real and a second one over here into this 300 Those are my two key areas over here. So we're gonna We're gonna do this one second And we're gonna put our levels so over here. We have first TP swing 260 and the second TP so take profit swing 300 that is what I'm watching over here.  So we can get to this first swing point over here. So over here. We have T board j could also do a tizis for yes. I think the first one we could easily reach Brian saying 260 T was ass is saying it depends also. Yes. Yes, we will Reach of course this level on Tesla, you know, despite the relative strength that Tesla can have or not You know, the tweet that Elon can do the institutional buying and everything else The insider buying that we can have in the stock. I mean, we need of course that yes is gonna continue to hold this 4200 and Get to this 4350 Which is the next major target that I'm looking at and then in queue so looking for future Nasdaq over here that Gets to this level of 15300 this area over here. So This is my target right now on NQ. All right, we have a resistance at this point because from here in the previous Years we can say we had a bounce. We had also rejection this area. So I'm waiting for This area and this area if you're gonna break this then yes, Tesla is gonna go 300 So I'm comfortable with that. I'm comfortable waiting for this along the play and I'm looking simply for that 300 right now. Okay over here. Okay, you welcome T board All right, let's go back to book map and we can go back to a An interday time frame. So this is what NQ is making this morning So we had over here distribution pattern a jailer rejection. So now it's unwinding Yes over here. We had the first part bullish fail of the J-Lines and Rejection as well Tesla is trying to hold the low of the day and I'm not really looking to short You know, we can have a pullback even to the 225, but I'm not looking to short something like this This is running bullish In the last weeks or months we can say so even if certain days over here we had I'm gonna point that out Even if over here we had, you know, some days that we simply unwinded like this in May or This one over here again end of May or this one over here in the starting of June I mean all the other days we had a major bullish trend bullish trend bullish trend bullish trend So why I have to focus on those few days. We're gonna have a pullback rather than, you know, staying with the trend so having an edge and Simply being trend following Okay, so of course. Yes, it will stay and be trend following over here Now we can remove the candlestick pattern and just look over here third of the flow and we're gonna put a We can put it here one minute chart and look at these major levels 226 this morning So we're looking at this level over here. We are at 230 level. You can see on book map major level, so I'm spotting The major level that we are on book map and I'm reproducing them on my chart This is a Tip that I give you to do So we're approaching that level 226. So at this point. I'm looking at what futures are doing and We'll be looking if over here we start having a bounce for a double bottom play So making lower highs or lows We're in here and there we are 226 Let's see how this is gonna react nice 80k over here support You can see they're selling and they're refilling went So when I see these supports over here, I Tend to long especially when I see this higher low with a very tight stop so I start seeing a higher low This 226 and 10 is a good entry for me just risking this 226 But I'm always very very fast and stopping out if we have you know breaking on this level. Just look over here at The the chart you can see that we have a relatively low over here to 25 and 80 Because if you break down over here, we confirm this breakdown This could unwind until the next support which is 225 So one thing is buying the support one thing is instead buying falling knives when you buy a support You then want to see higher lows so progression of our lows and you want to see volume coming in so bars coming in For that I suggested to use also the times on sales is a pretty good tool that you have also be here on book map by the way We're having a long setup on on farm You can see here breakdown of that low. So no higher lows. You can see that We broke this level we reject this level still in winding. Remember, this is an example From a trade in the room showing this very good So buying over here the support using book map as a guide Not working Taking it off Then we buy them again And now this time having multiple our return Buying more and selling again to this push So don't be afraid to take a scratch a small stop Because after you can have a beautiful trade like this for you know a major win This is Tesla right now. Just simply unwinding We're gonna look traders now with as you trade to some of the Scanners that we have So I want to always look during the day if I have Anything popping up on my scanners So I'm running different scanners over here we're gonna put This one to see the major gapers of the day We're having over here play for example 42 bucks 24 percent move Let's just run this one second. I think was no major a Look over here to us Nice move from 37 till 42 now a little bit too late to trade this this morning. We see a dip hold and push Let's see how the stock that I like to trade so we have get the hatred this in the past. We have Roku So I try to rock a lot of times Another get pop play you see nice environment over here Dipping at the gate 65 giving another over push to 70 so nice five points move This is a perfect setup that I generally trade but this morning I was not focused on this was only focused on wrote on Tesla Let's see anything else that I trade usually We have Maybe CL no PLTR. It's a stock that I tried a lot in the past LU Not really HP Okay, this move from 33 to 34 really not any interested in that No, not the major Stock that I'm really interested. Let's see this next It's a one bill of market cap 98 million float. Let's add a nice move over here this morning again another Set up of undover. Okay, let's go back to To Tesla and we see traders that we have this 220 major support over here that I traced We have a 225 So we're having a battle over here At this zone So let's put this over here one second. Let's make this bigger And now let's look for the major level over here off liquidity So we're gonna put also Volume profile, so let's look at something different. We have a lot of volume profile generally use it on toss So let's look at another volume profile. Okay. This is much better Well, look back bars 500 Bars width is fine point of control of this yellow Lines, okay, this could be good So we're above that. Let's look on a weekly chart.  Let's try this as I said, I've generally used it on Tinker swim charts. Let's try these how they are When is I want us to look for something that tells me? weekly or even monthly, okay, so this is over here is a monthly point of control Let's look at daily chart All right, so what I'm looking here is we're have the major the majority of confluence of The point of control So I'm looking at this level over here this level over here this this this This is where we have the measure of volume. So that's is a very big point of Resistance right now And then the next one over here see a major resistance. So high volume was straight over here this point High one was straight over here this point. So again, this 250 will be an important level and then they serve it here Just want to see also the other number of bars Let's put it here 1,000 if this doesn't go 1,000 probably 500 so 500 all size volume here a point of control this read Show POC label we don't really need that Okay, in this case it only calculates from the 17th of June. So the last year If you want more we're gonna put this weekly now. This is week is too much Let's put it a daily So I'm looking at the highest volume trader over here where it was the highest volume training the last period was over here This one 87 so right now we are Moving From the high volume node that is this zone over here Into the low volume node high volume node over here and again This is the pure low volume node low volume node low volume node So here we still have a high volume node so once we We break this level we should go to at least this area here This is the high volume node in our chart So means the highest volume was straight over here and right now we are simply above that level interesting right to see these patterns So Michael is asking so basically for a small account is just three options slide in the money and the nearest exploration Yes, what I Suggest first of all is that you trade them on paper and you start making experience on them but I would focus on Or first in the money or add the money or first out of the money. So try not to be too far away a strike and also Expiration weekly exactly Market looking weak. Yes We are we've seen right now a bounce on on ES, but we're still like negative. So we still read for the day That's just trying to reclaim and go red to green I'm looking at the daily price section over here bars For now seems like forming a spinning top, right? This looks like really a spinning top all these major bull flags over here that we have in on On Tesla So now we just need to hold this 225 Looking for the next target 237 260 as we said before and then over here at 300 look at previous I over here 237 a lot of resist to 50 More 260 and then more 300. All right. There's any questions. We are in the last 10 minutes So we look this morning at all the price section that we had on Tesla looking for those major Dips Going over here over the open these two levels where we longed so the 227s over here and 226 selling to 229 to 30s Then over here we had a reversal we start breaking lows breaking at the low 226 came 225, which is this daily level over here and now simply bouncing again So let's see over here T-Board these whole dollar numbers are crazy. Yeah, they're worked very very good to turning down six seven points in an hour Michael is he saying and I treated farm this morning now We need to see the price action when approaching VWAP or if it breaks the daily resistance Yes on farm this morning Catalyst is what it is the company is what it is But also there are a few aspects this morning why we are also looking for alongside We had from the strategy from the system along pattern over here And now we have to be very careful because this is holding on a high institutional dopant level after 10 o'clock so Very tight narrow consolidation if this is going to hold 330 we have a potential mover to the upside so Careful trade this short traders today Personally, I didn't touch the short We're going to look for More of these move next week because I'm going to cover next week more small caps They we simply had a lesson on big caps. All right 1115 almost Again traders this J trader you can come and see me trading the room J trader co We're gonna realize soon a new course for futures stocks and options Also, we're gonna Release soon an e-book that we're working on since a long time And that will give you also access to seven free day trials in the room See you all next week J trader co book map Amazing tool if you want to see how we traded this morning look at our secutions learn the strategy See you at J trader co tank again. See you next time and take care