Hello, friends, and welcome back to another episode of The Market Report here on Cointelegraph. I am your host, Benton, and we are joined again by our resident experts, Jordan Finneseth, Marcel Peckman in San Borges. Jordan uses his background in psychology and human behavior to spot the emerging trends in the crypto market. San Borges is a business editor at Cointelegraph where he brings a decade of experience in economic analysis and financial market writing. Marcel Peckman applies his 17 years of experience trading derivatives, options, and futures to the crypto derivatives markets. Fellas, what's going on this week?  What's up? How are we feeling? Finally, finally out of the woods after three months, but it's good to be back to $47,000, $48,000. I still have my doubts about the altcoins if they're going to sustain this rally or not, because it seems like even the altcoins themselves are buying Bitcoin, so it's good for me, but I don't know about the altcoins markets. Yeah, I'm happy to see prices moving so high again. I'm getting close to that. I need to take some profits, because I don't know. There's a lot of things going on in the world that might make this rally go, meh, so we'll see how it goes, but I'm excited as it is right now. Yeah, let them send it a little bit more before we take some profits. You know, I was expecting a counter-trend move at some point in the spring, given the absolutely brutal three months that we've had. So right now, my bias is still that it's a counter-trend move, but we'll see whether it can be sustained up into the 50s. So exciting, but cautiously optimistic right now. I was going to say, I think I'm still kind of in a state of disbelief. We've just got so programmed at seeing red candles. It's been nice to see a change in the tide, so to speak. So we'll see what happens to the play out. I know Marcel is going to be giving us some of his insights into some of the on-chain metrics that should give you a better look of what actually is going on. Today we are going to be talking about the best tokens to buy under $3. So we're going to be giving you our picks. This is not financial advice, so I want to remind our audience today. These are the expressed personal opinions of each individual panelist. Make sure you are doing your own research and looking into these projects that we are talking about here today. Super excited to give you the market rundown for this week as well, some big headlines that we're going to be talking about this week. And if you haven't liked and subscribed, go ahead and do so now. We're on Coin Telegraph on YouTube, 12 p.m. Eastern every Tuesday. We're going to be giving away that one-month subscription of Markets Pro, $100 value. So make sure you drop in that Twitter handle in the chat today because we are going to be selecting that winner at the end of the show. I want to thank everybody for tuning in from around the globe. Shout us out. Where are you tuning in from? We appreciate you stopping by today on the Market Report. We're super excited to jump into stuff today because we got some hot picks that could potentially be riding this market wave with the altcoin tides that hopefully follow the Bitcoin trends that we've seen over the last couple of days. So first things first, let's go ahead and get into our market recap for this week about what's been happening in the Twitter sphere with some of the biggest headlines to know. Take us away. Folks, we had CZ meet with the president of El Salvador this week. That's why I thought it was the most interesting headline that I saw this week. What does that mean? Who knows? Marcel is going to be giving us some of the latest insights on Bitcoin and Ethereum trading this week. So I'm going to let him dive into some on-chain metrics that he's seeing and what that could be potentially telling us for what you should be looking out for for Bitcoin and Ethereum this week. Danilo, let's hand this over to Marcel to get into his expert segment for this week. Sure, it pumped 18% of the past nine days, but shouldn't investors be worried about Ethereum right now because it's highly dependent on Bitcoin price as it seems. We see Bitcoin pumps on the same day or the next hours, Ethereum pumps again and if Bitcoin somehow goes down 10%, 20%, what's going to happen with Ethereum? So firstly, we need to analyze how ether, the Ethereum, has been trading in BTC terms. Danilo, can you share my screen, please? Because it's important to see how both cryptos are relating themselves. And it seems that Ethereum rallied over the past 10, 15 days in BTC terms, which is true, but it's just back to the 200 day moving average, which is the green line over here. So more important or more relevant than the fact that Ethereum outperformed Bitcoin, it is the fact that we returned to the mean. It's back to the 200 day moving average. So there was no significant pump of Ethereum priced in Bitcoin. Thank you, Danilo. But we have a big question here. Are traders getting excited about Ethereum 2.0, so migrating out of proof of work and to proof of stake? Or is the recent move simply reflecting a better overall move caused by Bitcoin breaking over above $47,000? So to analyze that, I'd like to start with the Bitcoin futures premium, also known as the basis, sorry, the Ether futures premium, also known as the basis rate. For example, if we trade the June contract Ethereum futures, our money will be held until the liquidation date. So for three months, we won't see that money again. So traders, when they sell those Ether futures, they require more money. They demand more money to trade it. And this premium is what we use to measure if traders are bullish or bearish. So a standard premium, a neutral premium, would be between 5% and 10% analyzed because that's the same rate that this trader is going to get if he deposits stable coins on an exchange or a DeFi application. The needle can share my screen, please. So if the Ethereum futures is trading, the premium is below 5% means those traders are bearish, which was the case during February. As you can see here, an earlier March, the Ether premium was below 5% indicating bearishness. But on March 25, this all changed. The futures premium went to 5%, now at 6%. So it's still nowhere near bullishness, the 5% to 10% rate that I mentioned. But at least it's not bearish anymore. So thank you, Danilo.  Hello. Shoot. I mean, so you're saying that ETH traders remain neutral to bearish according to these derivatives information? Yeah, Benton, but that's just one metric. Remember, Ethereum is down 9% year to date, and it's still 28% below its all-time high. So yeah, there's one metric pointing to some bearishness on Ethereum, but that's not a holy grail. We need to double check with other instruments. For instance, we can check the margin landing ratio. So unlike futures markets, one must either borrow, tether, a stable coin, so you can use that money to buy Ethereum, or you can do the opposite. You can borrow Ethereum and short it on the market. So it's different from the futures markets. It's called margin landing markets. So Danilo, can you share my screen, please? Whenever those traders want to bet on the price upside, they're going to borrow tether, stable coin, and use the money to buy Ether. So this ratio will go up, as you can see, it reached 12, 12, 14 on mid-March. But over the past 14 days, the ratio has gone down to 3.2. So yes, traders are still demanding, are still demanding more stable coins to buy Ethereum, but not as they were bullish two weeks ago. So we have a second metric showing us that those professional traders trading futures, trading margins, are not so excited about the price recovery. Do you think a lot of that hype was driven by the whole merge thing on clean or killing or whatever it is, and people thinking that Ethereum is going to merge and solve all the problems? Yes and no. So it's a good question. We have part of the investors believing that Ethereum 2.0, so the merge will solve every problem, but we know that that's not going to happen, at least not in a month, because those smart contracts and applications still need to migrate from the old chain to the new one, the Bitcoin chain, and use those sharding processes. So it's not something that's going to happen instantly, it's going to take a couple of years, but some of the excitement could have been simply because of the merge expectation, which won't happen over the next two or three months. And who's to say it's going to go ahead as planned, we've got so many delays already. It's interesting how that narrative has played out. People are getting Uber bullish on Ethereum and they're calling it deflationary. I wouldn't go that far. Being able to change a protocol at whim doesn't necessarily lead to calling it deflationary in the same sense that Bitcoin is deflationary. So deflationary is about a monetary policy, it's a form of policy that is implemented. So I'm just kind of telling people just to kind of hold off on the over-exuberance, but overall I think Ethereum does have a lot of use cases and people are really excited about that. So we'll see how it goes. Yes and you have a great point here. So this is important for us to stress out. Being deflationary is not what makes a hard currency, a hard asset. If Bitcoin changed its monetary policy every two months, there's a group of elderlies of people with 80 years old or over gathering every couple of months and deciding, well, the basic interest rate on Bitcoin is going to be 2%. Now we're going to increase 50 basis points or whatever. That's not what people want. People want a system that's been determined by mathematics which cannot be changed by a person or a group. So Ethereum over the past five years changed their monetary policy five or more times. So that's not what people are looking. So being deflationary is good, yes, but that's not what's going to solve all of Ethereum problems. Sorry, Benton. Yeah. So I did have a question regarding like the margin lending ratio. Is there like a price level that would get people excited, especially in those like margin lending areas? Or does one dictate the other? Like how do those kind of two go like hand in hand regarding like ETH price versus like margin lending ratio? Okay. So Benton, remember that margin lending markets are not designed for retail traders. More experienced market makers and whales are the ones that use it the most. And they use it to leverage not after Ethereum has rallied from $2.5,000 to $4,000, then go crazy and leverage and margin by that. They do that exactly opposite. They wait for moments when the market goes wild and there's a 20% or 30% increase in a week and they use leverage to buy Ethereum when the price is going down. So it's a different trend from the futures trading or especially the perpetual contract, which is mostly used by retail traders. So I don't think there's a specific price they're going to get in. But if the market collapses 20, 30% without a reason, you can sure they're going to use leverage to buy it. Makes sense. Jordan or Sam, do you guys have any other questions from Marcel today? No, I got what I wanted out of the way. I'm just glad that we were to talk about monetary policy. And when we talk about also just when I say monetary policy, I know Bitcoin doesn't have a quote unquote monetary policy. It's just a general phrase to refer to the issuance of new tokens in that process. So just for clarity, everyone, I don't want my Twitter feed to be flooded with Bitcoin doesn't have monetary policy. I know it doesn't. I'm using the term very broadly. Sam's been notoriously getting hammered in the comments. So don't please, please, folks, stay away. Thank you, Marcel, for sharing your insights. The only other insight would just be like, don't get too like I know what's going to happen in the future because there's so many things going on in the world right now. Nobody knows what's going to happen in the next few months with this market or the world stage. So everything we're taking, this is just our opinions, a good insight into the market, but nobody knows what's going to happen. So it's all like a wait and see game for all of us kind of thing. Exactly. And so I want to shout out to the audience real quick. I see people tuning in from the Middle East, Hungary, America, all over the globe. We appreciate you all tuning in today. Don't forget to drop your Twitter handle in the chat to win that one month subscription of Markets Pro. We're going to be selecting that winner at the end of the show. But next up, we have Sam. He's going to give us his two picks for this week. He's going to talk to us a little about one inch and engine token and why you should be putting these two tokens on your radar for one of the best altcoins to get into under $3. So Sam, why don't you go ahead and take us away? Danilo, run it back. Wonderful. So this is a really exciting topic for me. Obviously, when we talk about coins under $3, that's a vast selection base. I wanted to kind of stay away from the microcaps and just focus on some of the blue chips that could be had from the $3. So my choices this week were one inch and engine coin. And I'll begin with one inch and what makes it so compelling. So if you're not familiar with the project, one inch is a DEX aggregator, a decentralized exchange aggregator and automated market maker that's improving DeFi orders and executions. So the DEX aspect is an algorithm that searches over 150 liquidity sources to find the best paths for your orders. It searches across Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, Arbitrum, et cetera, to find the best path for execution. It makes the most efficient trade possible based on the price, liquidity, slippage, et cetera. So that's the DEX aspect of one inch and what makes it so compelling. The automated market maker aspect, it operates very much like Uniswap, but only with improved efficiency. Also, one inch recently launched a PDP order functionality that enables swaps between individuals, including for NFTs. And the one inch token, it's interesting because it's not necessarily a utility token, it's more of a governance token. It's used to vote on protocol parameters under a down model. So the value comes from voting rights for the one inch token. The more users that wanna influence the network's governance, the more they will hold one inch. And obviously if you're an investor, you can seek access to one inch and hold it through various exchanges if you wanna bet on the growth, the ecosystem and adoption. So that for me is one inch and what makes that project so compelling. The second project that I went with is one that I've been following for a long time now. It's Engine Coin. Engine, you can consider it to be the plumbing of the metaverse and the gaming sector within blockchain. It helps projects get off the ground without requiring any technical knowledge of how blockchain technology works. You can monetize the blockchain and gamify the blockchain without any of the technical requirements. The primary focus through its platform as a service model is focused on the gaming sector, helping projects tokenize assets, digital assets and other virtual goods, including NFTs. Engine also has a massive community. The community right now in terms of users on its boards, on its forum has over 21 million. The Engine network itself is a social gaming platform that allows users to create websites and clans. So these features essentially make ENJ, ENJN's native token backed by virtual assets. It's a store of value backed by digital assets or virtual assets. So for me, what also makes ENJN so compelling is that it recently launched a $100 million growth fund for the metaverse ecosystem. So you can see how it's expanding beyond just gamify and into the metaverse. And obviously those two sectors interact quite a bit. We know that blockchain gaming is the next big thing. So if you're betting on major themes in blockchain, I think that gaming is one of them. NFT games generated 3.2 billion in Q3 of 2021 and crypto wallows dedicated to the gaming ecosystem for from 29,000, the start of 2021 all the way to 754,000 in Q3. So decent tokenomics and really promising project in terms of future potential. So ENJN and one inch are my choices this week. Very good. Marcel, I see you have a question. Do you want to jump in here first? No, first I want to clarify. He said that the project had 21 million users on the forum or whatever. Is that it? Is that the number? That's the number on the official forum, yeah. Seems high. OK, so just one thing to, I want to firstly express that I love the DEX aggregator idea. And I think that one inch has state of the art technology. It works. It has code. It serves a function. I love one inch. But I do have a problem with governance tokens. So if there's no direct dividend, there's no payout for the holder, what's the value here? What's the value proposition of a governance token? Yeah, I think governance tokens are obviously intended for those who use the protocol. I know that for ENJN what they can do is you can provide liquidity. And in exchange for that you actually earn rewards in the one inch token. But obviously as a governance token, it does have a different scope than your general utility token. So one way to earn reward is through that liquidity process. But and also if you're an investor and you want to have exposure to the potential for the protocol, you can hold the token outright as an investor. But yeah, that's one limitation in terms of the fact that it's geared towards the governance side, which might not appeal to a lot of users, right? Yeah, I like the picks. I think ENJN is definitely a solid pick in the game. Again, one inch, I actually held it at one point. I actually sold my one inch because it was just kind of floundering in. Just ever since the whole DeFi blow off early last year, it's kind of like, what is really drawing people to hold these exchange tokens or the DeX tokens? Like I haven't really seen the motivation there, especially I think one inch actually switched a little bit to closed source because they're tired of having people just copy their code and implementing the same things that they worked on. So I don't know what can help any of these Dexes really stand out from the others, attract a whole bunch of people and bring in fees for their communities because otherwise I don't see the whole, like the real benefit of holding a lot of these exchange token. Yeah, I think the broader DeFi ecosystem has really slowed in recent months. I firmly believe that the DeFi sector in general is gonna be ramping up again. And I think having something like one inch, having at least one exposure to one or two really high profile DeX aggregators is potentially a good long-term play. I still consider it to be fairly undervalued. So if you're looking for the biggest bang for your buck, one inch might not be that right now, but I think it's doing a lot of the work behind the scenes. And I've liked what I've seen in terms of the growth, in terms of the chains that are supported, the liquidity pools, et cetera. For me, it seems like a solid pick if you're expecting the overall DeFi sector to really gain traction again. So Sam, I guess my one question is, the DeX aggregator space, in spite of inside of like the DeFi space, it seemed to kind of rapidly expand over the last year. So you have the sushi swaps, you have DYDX, Kyber, et cetera, et cetera. What do you feel like really separates one inch from a lot of these other DeX aggregators? For me, the expansion of the liquidity sources, if you take a look at the chains that it supports, for me, the growth has been consistent over time. I think the community has been consistently growing over time. I think the governance token provides more incentive for community members to actually want to participate in the ecosystem. So for me, seeing it grow to over 150 liquidity sources, for example, something that I found to be quite beneficial. The name also stands out. It has a strong community. So for me, are you betting on one against the other or do you expect all of them to, all of actually the blue chips to rise during the next wave of DeFi? I think that's probably gonna be the case. Whether something like one inch is the leader of the pack, I'm not quite sure, but for under three bucks, I think it's probably one of the more compelling options. Fair point. I see some folks chime in on chat asking, what about Apecoin? Well, folks, I think Apecoin was trading at $14 the last time I checked. So that was out of the selections this week for under $3. Let's see, Jordan, Marcel, do you guys have any other questions for Sam here? We got 30 seconds left. I'm just interesting to see like how this whole governance thing does, because like even myself, like if you hold over 10 or 20 coins, like trying to keep up with the governance on five of them is a pain. So I understand like, I think we're gonna go through this like boom and bust of the dows because everybody's like, we ain't got time for all this, we got life to live. So I do agree that it's a movement, but maybe one inch will be one of those factors. Maybe you have a life to live, maybe you do, but I'm all about crypto, baby. That's it, this is the pinnacle, this is the peak.  It just, Sam just spends his day voting with all his governance tokens. Great picks for this week, Sam. 20.9 million users apparently on the engine forums. So if you go to the message board, so that's pretty buzzing community, you know? Good picks for this week, Sam. Gotta say I love one inch big fan of the product. I just don't know about the token. That's my one thing. I like engine though, gaming space seems to be thriving. So good picks for this week. Don't forget, we're gonna be voting at the end of the show so that you can have your voice heard of who you think had the best picks for this week. And if you like their tokens, appreciate you all tuning in. Don't forget to drop your Twitter handle in the chat today. We're gonna be selecting that one month free subscription at the end of the show.  You don't wanna miss. I'm gonna get you these two just shortly. Danilo, we wanna go ahead and jump into my segment this week. No, Sam. All right, folks, it's that time of week. I'm giving you my two hidden gems that I feel like you should be researching. So this week, my first one is SuperFarm. For those who aren't familiar with SuperFarm, it's a cross chain, DeFi protocol built to facilitate the launching of new NFTs without any kind of programming. So what does this mean? Well, this means projects can deploy a farm with its own rules. So examples include, users can create their own NFTs, they can farm coins for NFTs and they can create ERC20 tokens that bind to NFTs in video game items. Pretty cool for me. So in a nutshell, it is a comprehensive NFT marketplace. The token of the platform is called Super. This is the governance token. It can be used for fees, staking and NFT drops. So for me, it has kind of that trifecta effect. It's not just a governance token. You can also stake it for fees. You can also hold it and earn NFTs by having the governance token. So for me, that's what makes me optimistic about this. But also behind the scenes here, funding was also led by Bitcoin.com, Spark Digital Capital, Solidity Ventures and Anamoka Brands. I'm looking for projects that have the Anamoka Brands funding behind it because I'm a big believer of this. And for me, SuperFarms is meeting the intersection of NFT and gaming. And that's a big intersection that I think is gonna take off over the next year. So for me, if you're looking for something to get in under $3, take a look at SuperFarm. My next pick for this week, the hidden gem of all gems, Nitro Network trading under the ticker NCASH. What is Nitro Network? It is a layer zero for the decentralized internet. For those familiar with the Helium project, they are trying to accomplish the same thing, but going about it very differently. One of the biggest challenges with Helium is that their model is diluting the user's reward. So if you're in one of those hexagons creating the network, there could be 20 different users also with their miners. With Nitro Network, they're trying to create that decentralized infrastructure, but they're going to be optimizing the network so that end users receive a much higher reward rate. And so how are they gonna accomplish that? They're gonna be issuing out NFTs where you can hold these, which represent the form of an actual miner and earn crypto mining rewards. So as I mentioned earlier, I'm a big fan of NFTs gaming. And if you can hold an NFT and earns you crypto mining rewards, that for me offers potential upside. So for me, this is a project that just moved from Ethereum over to the Avax chain. I'm a huge fan of anything on Avax right now. So for those looking for a hidden gem with tons of upside, I might recommend you take a look at NCASH and see what's under the hood. Okay. Cheers fellas. I can start with a question if you're free to answer. Well, first, I need to say that I'm not familiar with SuperFarm, but if there's a need for creating a new marketplace of NFT or whatever, I don't think it's gonna grow because apart from OpenSea and MagicEden, the order platforms have 95% less users than OpenSea and MagicEden. So how do you think that SuperFarm can achieve that needing to create a new marketplace? Yeah, that's a great question. And I agree 100%. The issue I think right now in the NFT space is that we've seen sales drop by like 80%. For me, I think when it comes to the marketplace sector, what's really gonna bring I think value for end users is that intersection of gaming in NFTs. So the more that I see a company trying to integrate with the gaming space and align themselves with that area as opposed to just kind of being an all one stop shop place, that's where I think they can start to specialize.  And so that's why I was looking at this particular token under $3 for more upside potential in the long run than anything kind of short term. Yeah, similar to Marcel, I kind of had that same thought. How are any of these NFT marketplaces really gonna stand out from the crowd that's really starting to expand rapidly? We'll see how that goes on. Well, maybe something, since it was backed by Anamoco, maybe Anamoco in the future will put all of its NFTs on SuperFarm. That would be something that might pull because Anamoco is a pretty big brand. As far as in-cash go, I liked the concept, I liked helium for a while, but with in-cash and they pivoted to this NFT minor thing, I don't see how that's like creating an actual node out there that is supporting the network around the place. It sounds like it's more like a cloud mining things from the last cycle or something like, is it just a fad or how is it actually helping? How are you actually helping create a decentralized network when you're just holding an NFT that's earning the rewards versus having a minor that's in your location, maybe providing coverage right there? So the way that they're going about it is they're deploying their network in like one kilometer radiuses. So you can actually apply to become a host of a physical device and they'll send you out that device and if you're in the most optimized spot, you will actually get sent a free minor that will also earn rewards, which is 20% of the total pool. Now, if you own one of the NFTs, what essentially it is is a representation of your certificate to a particular minor. So those are gonna be issued out 80% of the reward structure. So the NFTs are folding into part of the network infrastructure. It's not actually establishing the network itself. There's still gonna be like physical devices that are gonna be creating the actual network. Do that kind of make sense?  So the actual devices will not be. Those are gonna be, so it's like an opt-in kind of network where users can say, hey, I wanna apply for the network to host the device. And if you're in an optimal place where there's no other minors in your one kilometer area, then you can get sent a device to actually help set up the network. So you're essentially like leasing the physical device from Nitro Network. It's interesting how you talk about Nitro, maybe overcoming some of the challenges of Helium. Can you explain again some of those challenges and how Nitro plans to overcome it? Because for me, Helium is one of those interesting projects that got a lot of attention from a lot of different people. Despite, you know, you might not see it on top line headlines, but through word of mouth, I knew so many people who were participating in the whole Helium thing. So maybe just say a few words more about how NCASH wants to overcome some of those challenges. It might be interesting. Yeah, so when it came to Helium, one of the biggest issues I own a Helium miner myself, one of the biggest issues is that on the grid, you'll see how many other minors are in your little grid area. I think with Helium, it's like less than a mile. And so sometimes there's grids with 20 different minors all within your radius. So what happens is that dilutes your reward pool. So if there's five minors, you can actually earn more rewards because there's less people pulling from the rewards pool. But if there's 20, then that decreases your structure. So like when it comes to nitro network, they're gonna be setting up the network themselves by like optimizing where the placement is of each device. And so that they're optimizing the network. Now, what also happens is like you have double coverage, triple coverage, quadruple coverage, whatever it is, where you may actually need to spread out the network in a more wide areas and condensing it in like a smaller area, if that makes sense. All right, so those were my two picks for this week. Don't forget, folks, like and subscribe, Cointelegraph here. We're on YouTube every Tuesday, bringing to you live the market report. Also, if you haven't dropped your handle in chat, go ahead and do so now. I'm gonna take a quick look through the comments. I see some folks got Ali talking about Apecoin today. We appreciate everyone that's been tuning in from around the globe. I wanna get to Jordan's segment today because he's got two exciting picks for you guys that you're gonna want to take a look at. So, Danila, why don't we jump into Jordan's top picks for this week? All right, so I picked Matic and Ronan this week. And the reason I picked these two is because there's been a lot of hype around the merge. We've talked about it at the beginning of the show with Ethereum, merging it between the proof of work and proof of stake and all that stuff. And everybody's all hyped up, yeah, it's gonna, but in the background, it was like, but it's not gonna do anything with fees. And that's been my biggest problem with the Ethereum network all year. And a lot of people's problems, especially people that live in other parts of the world that don't have as much money, I guess, and spending $5, $10 on any transaction ain't good. So I chose Matic as one of the most used Layer 2 networks on Ethereum. I think it's got a lot of potential for growth in the future just because Ethereum's gonna continue growing as the merge happens.  How can we have cheaper transactions? And Polygon has been one of the more adopted Layer 2s. Some popular games like Avogochi and stuff like that. A newer game, I believe, is crypto unicorns has launched on Polygon and is gaining traction too. So it's got the gaming sector covered. It's also got DeFi with $4.17 billion in total value locked currently on Polygon. So it's a growing ecosystem. And one of the things I really like, and I have to talk about it, it's not too many people pick up on it or agree necessarily, but people aren't gonna want necessarily to use Ethereum to make transactions in the future. I don't like doing transactions on Bitcoin because it takes away from my Bitcoin stack. So if you're transacting on Ethereum, I like the fact that you can use MATIC and pay with MATIC tokens so you can hold your Ethereum and you can stake it, you can do those other things while paying in the MATIC. Or at the same time, you can stake MATIC tokens already and earn a nice yield. So that's one of the things I really like about MATIC. Overall, it's one of my favorite ecosystems in general. The second one I just chose might not been the best time to tease it just because there's like, even though there was a hack on the 23rd, they just found it out now and like $620 million was siphoned off with the Ronin Bridge, but it's Ronin. It's another layer too. It's a gaming, specifically he was kind of designed originally for Axi and Fanny, one of the most popular play-toring games, especially of 2021, just kind of blew off the top in the whole gaming ecosystem. Ronin is the side chain that it operates on. Again, one of the most popular games in the ecosystem. Third-party developers are soon gonna be able to develop and launch on top of the Ronin network. So that will bring a whole new host of play-to-earn games and other things to the ecosystem. I think people as people kind of wear thin on Axi and Fanny or want something new, they'll be able to jump over to one of these other new programs or platforms on the same network and experience kind of the same fee structure and stuff like that. You can pay fees with Ronin. You can also stake or stake your Ronin to delegators unless you wanna actually be a delegator or a verifier, or you can stake and earn rewards just based on the network fees and stuff by being a delegator and as the network grows and new games come onto that, I think that will really benefit Ron holders. And currently there's three, well, I had it at 3.6 billion in value locked on the Ronin bridge, but maybe that's only 3 billion now because the 6.6 is gone. But okay, yeah, the price dove, buy the dip, right? It's a good opportunity to buy the dip if you have long-term beliefs in this project that I do. Spin zone. Spin it, we're PR right now. I'm the only person with anything. I just found out about the hack today. I'm like, damn it. I knew I should show some different. Marcel, Sam, you guys wanna jump in here with any questions? So clearly Jordan has only 50% less odds of winning today, but I just wanna back his Ronin choice.  If you haven't played, don't. It's senseless. The game doesn't make sense for me. It's like Pokemon from 20 years ago and whatever, but still Ronin got X up to 2 million active players and that's a miracle. So, but my question is, Jordan, why aren't other games using or were using Ronin if it works for Xy? I think that a lot of games have just been developing along the way on their own network. Some have been doing it on polygon, some on avalanche and stuff and we're still kind of early in the platering game. I think over time it might settle out and I said like they're kind of opening it up to have new games being launched on Ronin. I think what you'll see will come in the future. A lot of new games being launched on the network and some of those 2 million X infinity users will kind of migrate to these new games. That's kind of, I'm thinking in my play out. Am I right? I don't know, we'll see. I mean, speaking of bad press, wasn't it polygon earlier this month that suffered like a network outage? There's some network issues going on with polygon. Can you comment on that? There might be some issues right now. Yeah. But we're talking about polygon, though. We're asking specifically. No, I was saying, I think I was reading earlier that there might be some network congestion going on right now. It's a bug on, yeah, it's had some issues just in the last six months with them raising the fees to help with hackers, all stuff. And to me, this is all part of the development game and the crypto space. No, I don't see any, except for the only network I haven't seen with a big hack is Algorand. I talked about that last week, but all of the other ones, there's a big hack that comes along and just like, oh crap, this network's falling. And it was like, oh, it's doom and gloom. Solana's gonna go away forever and all this stuff. And then six months later, it bounces back. I think polygon is just working out the kinks and as far as layer two go. We see Ronin has an issue as a layer two. All these technologies, which is why Vitalik pointed out that he's like, I don't like bridges and layer twos because they're points of failure. And he had a point there, obviously. So, I don't know, we'll see. Polygon is one of my top choices, long-term pick. Yeah, it's got some issues that it needs to work on and it has been worked on, but I'm still bullish on it long-term, personally. I think one of the things, too, with MATIC, is that I like about what they're developing is the zero-knowledge proofs, I think is a very, very interesting thing that's starting to happen and come out as a new innovation. MATIC seems, or polygon, I guess I should say, seems to be leading the way in that area. I'm super bullish on MATIC in the long-term, but when it comes to the short-term upside, what are you kind of seeing as the utility for MATIC as more so like a gas token? I guess, could this thing explode to $6? Or do you kind of think it'll fluctuate under a certain threshold? Oh, no, I'm being really bullish. I think MATIC would go somewhere between $6 and $10 in the next bull run, just because I think we're about to see a stupid amount of money flowing to cryptos just because of the world stage kind of things going on. Ethereum's gonna have its own pump and people are gonna be like, where can we go on? And then anything that's in the top 100 is gonna be like, and then it's gonna be like, we'll see how it all plays out, but I think I'm playing my polygon as a good solid layer two for Ethereum that has lower fees, and we'll kind of take some of the steam that Ethereum is building up when people realize that they have to pay high fees on Ethereum still. My main play is as a layer two, the scaling solution for Ethereum. Before one billion isn't anything as stubborn as that.  Yeah, Jordan, how easy is it for a normal person to use MATIC, to use the scaling solution? For example. Anybody that's ever used MetaMask wallet is the same as that on Ethereum. Again, on all these that we're talking about, all the EVM compatible chains through MetaMask, it's getting really simplified now. Like you can, even on going to Aave, I think you were mentioning, you switch over to the polygon network, really simple. You can choose that tab on Aave and have the list of tokens that they support. So it's really simple and it's faster than Ethereum. And I think when you actually kind of go to do that first transaction, you see that it costs like 0.001 MATIC. You're like, yeah, that's nice. I absolutely love that. The gas fees on polygon are, take it all there. All right, good picks. Good picks this week. Everybody I think had solid picks. It's going to be a tight race at the end of the show. Make sure you are casting your vote in our poll today to see who had the best picks or which tokens you thought could be the best buys under $3. So folks, just as a reminder, these are the express personal opinions of each individual panelist. Make sure you are doing your own research because this isn't financial advice at the end of the day. So we appreciate everyone for doing their own homework when it comes to a lot of these projects. Go ahead and drop your Twitter handle in chat. That one month subscription of Markets Pro is coming at the end of the show to folks that participate and drop their Twitter handle in the chat. Don't forget we're going to be doing that live poll, I think after our Markets Pro segment. So next thing's next. Let's get into our Markets Pro. Speaking of Axie and Fendi Marcel, we got something nice for you this week. So no, let's get into our Markets Pro segment. All right, did you see those newsquakes this week? Well, if you didn't, Axie and Fendi went off the Richter scale. Newsquakes are automated alerts that instantly notify users when market moving events happen. That's what happened this week with Axie Marcel. Did you catch this trade? Last week, Axie and Fendi joined a select group of assets participating in Binance's auto-invest program. This platform announced two attractive promotions to celebrate AXS's edition. Look here, folks, that's a 25% gainer. The news was well received by the market with the assets price spiking from $59 all the way up to 73 bones. That's 26 hours later too. That's a nice little ride if you were able to get in there on that newsquake. Really anything that we're seeing with any kind of association with Binance recently on the newsquakes alerts, that's going to be a good play. Moving on to our Vortex score for this week, we're going to be paying attention to the ticker NFTX. For those who aren't familiar with the Vortex score, it's a score of the comparison between the current market and social conditions of those in the past. So a Vortex score of 80 or above is considered confidently bullish. We're looking here at this chart, folks, that is a 90 on the Vortex score. In a bearer sideways market, the Vortex score often helps traders identify assets that are most likely to be among the few winners. This past week, NFTX lit up the ultra high Vortex score of 90 on March 24th against the price of $111. So what this suggested is the coin's outlook had been strongly bullish. Assets price kept going throughout the week, reaching $177 earlier today. If you were able to get into NFTX, you were able to capture a 68% return. Holy smokes. That's the power of the Vortex score and that's the power of Markets Pro. If you're not using Markets Pro, I don't know what to tell you. Don't forget, folks, we're going to be giving away that Markets Pro subscription at the end of the show, $100 value that one month subscription could pay for a trade just like that and you would tenfold your money. So, folks, I think we have our poll going live now. Make sure you are voting. But first, I think there's a little hot topic we need to talk about. So I want to hear from each person today. Why do we think Bitcoin's pumping at the moment and is there any kind of special manipulation going on with the price? I want to hear your thoughts. Marcel, why don't you start us off? What are your thoughts right now? Why do you think Bitcoin's pumping? Well, Benton, I'm going to start with the crazy idea that there's a country, I don't know if it's Russia or whatever, that it's buying Bitcoin for themselves and it still hasn't announced. Sam, what do you think? That's interesting. I just think right now with what's going on with Luna and the long-term hodlers hodling, I just think that right now there's not enough Bitcoin on the market and we're seeing, we probably ended up seeing a squeeze at some point. So I don't think there's any kind of conspiracy going on. I just think there's, the buying pressure has been increasing and you combine that with the fact that the sell pressure among long-term hodlers has been fairly non-existent. So that leads me to believe that that might be responsible for some of the gains that we've seen. Interesting insights. Jordan, one of your thoughts here. I kind of see a mix of the both of them and just some greater, like a few weeks ago, everybody was like, oh, Bitcoin's going to 20,000.  Because whenever this happens, the market goes up. So that kind of started going, then you get like China and Russia and Saudi Arabia throwing up, like we're going to start changing in how we sell our oil. We're going to use Juan and Rubles and maybe even some Bitcoin. And then like, yeah, the petrodollar is on its way down.  And there might be Russia buying over here and it's other countries and you got El Salvador and all these things. The whole bullish narrative is just, people are starting to see like, oh crap, this is kind of what cryptocurrencies were made for, right? And so the whole market is starting to see these inflows of people around the world are not going to necessarily want to throw their money into dollars because we can freeze the Russian central banks dollars. So like, I don't know, the whole narrative of are you in control of your money is really starting to become really apparent to people. And I think cryptocurrencies are benefiting from that. Just my own personal opinion. And they're buying billions worth of Bitcoin from Luna. Like, yeah, there's not that much supply, folks. Price is going to go up. I was going to say God bless Doquan. Yeah. God bless them, doing God's work isn't going to work. I mean, but I do feel like that's kind of, that was kind of the catalyst of the most recent narrative was Luna getting in, you know, backing up their treasury with Bitcoin. I would also agree with Marcel that I think there are nation states starting to allocate some Bitcoin, whether that be Russia, whether there be other countries, you know, the sanctions obviously playing a big role in really the conflict in general, you know, between Ukraine and Russia right now seems to be playing out in crypto is a big topic, I think, because how are folks, how are nations moving their money cross borders if they can't have access to SWIFT. So that's one of the things I think we're starting to see some of the stars align. 100K, here we come, I don't know. We'll see. But I do want to bring up, we have the poll, live results here, folks. People have just been loving Sam's picks recently. Sam came in with 56% of the votes this week, followed up by Jordan here with 30%, and myself with a piddly 15% this week. So thank you all for casting your votes. We appreciate everything that you all have done to watch, to tune in. We got to give away that one month subscription of Markets Pro today. We want to scan the chat. Who do we got for today? Let's see, Adrian, who do you have in the chat that you would like to select for our winner of the one month free subscription to Markets Pro? I'm going to go ahead and just scroll up here. Did you guys see anyone in particular today? Looks like we have looks rare NFT. You're going to be our winner today for our one month subscription of Markets Pro. Let's see here. I think that's under the handle JFT, JFTC, JCT, Reynondore.  Congratulations. Hope you're able to make some good trades with that one month subscription. Folks, closing thoughts for today's show. Marceau, I will kick it over to you. Final words for today's market report. I support Teja, Luna, whatever you're doing. I hope that the order outcoins do the same thing, get their money and just buy Bitcoins with that. It's going to be good for everyone because whenever Bitcoin price go up, so does the outcoin market. So keep doing it, please, thank you. Jordan, any closing thoughts for today? Yeah, Bitcoin's going up. If Bitcoin goes up, a lot of times we'll see an outcoin rally if not too long after that.  Yeah, let's not get caught with our pants down three times in a row, right? Let's not do that. Like, the stars aligned last April. They did it again in November and you didn't take any profits and on. Now it might be happening again. Like, let's take some off the table, you know? Let's maybe hold in stables and take some yield off that way. But if all this Luna stuff is really happening, maybe just throw a few bucks at Luna just to say thank you to what's going on. That's all I really have. Not if that's an advice. Yeah, I would say you got to always, always take your profits. But if you got those diamond hands, you don't even have to worry about selling. You're just going to be holding for eternity. Don't forget to visit store.cointelegraph.com. That's where you get the swag. You want that swag that Jordan and Sam have? Go to store.cointelegraph.com. We got the swag for you. That's right, we got a coin teller, we got Bitcoin, we got Ethereum, you name it. We got the swag in the swag store, store.cointelegraph.com. We appreciate everyone for tuning in today. We love having you here. Hopefully you were able to get some insights on what some of the latest picks should be and that you should be keeping your eye on. Until next time folks, over and out.


Hi, and welcome to this session about Automotive Grade Linux on Raspberry Pi. My name is Leonor Novi and I'm Senior Software Engineer at Consul Goodwill. It is a pleasure to be presenting here at Embedded Linux Conference. Before we start, a huge thanks to the whole team at Linux Foundation for switching to a virtual event on such a short notice. Fingers crossed that the future ahead of us is better and soon we'll be able to get together on physical events. Consul Goodwill, the company that I work for, is a service company specialized in Embedded Linux and open-source software. My colleagues and I have experienced in hardware and software build, design, development and training services. We have upstream contributions to various popular open-source projects among which are the Yocto project, Open Embedded, the Linux kernel itself, Uboot and, of course, Automotive Grade Linux. The company is based in California. However, we have engineering presence worldwide and I am living in Povelliburg area in Europe. The agenda for the talk today includes a brief introduction to Automotive Grade Linux followed by a few words about Raspberry Pi and the history how AGL was ported to AGL, a process that I was involved from day one. In this talk you'll learn how to build an AGL image for Raspberry Pi, how to boot it on Raspberry Pi 3 or 4. You'll understand how it works. And finally, we'll do some conclusions and there will be time for Q&A session. So Automotive Grade Linux is a project of the Linux Foundation. It is an open-source, new Linux Automotive distribution with in-vehicle infotainment. It's very important to note that Automotive Grade Linux is based on another project of the Linux Foundation, the Yocto project and the Open Embedded build framework. Automotive Grade Linux was founded several years ago and the first code delivery was in 2014. I personally started contributing to this project back in 2015 which makes five years for me. I'll be celebrating five years of contributions to AGL this year. AGL has a lot of members. These are companies from the Automotive industry, well-known names in the industry. More and more companies are joining AGL over the time. And by the way, AGL is already available on Vihos on the road, for example, Toyota Camry is powered by AGL. This is a high-level picture of the core components of AGL. So in general, AGL as a Linux distribution is not so different from the Linux distributions that we are running on our personal computers as desktops. However, there are certain components that are very specific for the automotive industry and that makes AGL special. So let's have a look at these core components. Of course, this is a very small portion of the older components that the Linux distribution has. However, I think these are some of the most important parts. So AGL works on various different hardware platforms. In the next slides, I'll show you the list of boards on which you can run AGL. So for each board, there is a specific boards for package which includes a Linux kernel version if the board does not support running mainline Linux kernel. And the boot loader, eventually some binary blocks for running the graphical user stack. AGL is powered with SystemD. There is this new audio framework, PipeWire. AGL started with ASS and PUSA audio. After that, there was another audio framework called 4AAudio. And for the past about a year, a bit more than a year, AGL is using PipeWire. This is a really exciting project covering some very specific audio use cases, especially for the automotive industry with Bluetooth connected devices. There are software over the air updates and other components which is specific for embedded devices, and especially for the automotive industry. AGL relies on OS tree, also known in modern days as Lib OS tree and actualizer to perform Git-like software updates over the air. This means that you are downloading only the binary delta, which is smaller compared to doing AB updates. And this is convenient because the vehicle might be in a region with not so good internet connectivity and it might be hard to download a huge image if you're doing AB updates. In this particular case, OS tree and actualizer are providing a better solution. Another specific thing about AGL is the graphical user stack, which is based on Wayland with Western as a compositor. And something new that is going on right now. AGL is switching from the IVI shell for Western to AGL shell desktop. This is something that is in development. I'm really excited about it. You can check some of the newer images of AGL and see how this is going on. On the top of AGL, you find human-to-machine interface applications. The default applications are written in Qt and QML. These are just demo applications. Of course, companies manufacturing vehicles for the market are replacing these applications with specific application branded for their vehicle. Alternatively, you can also use HTML5 or integrate a completely different platform for development of graphical user interfaces. Also, we have a number of supported technologies, such as GIST trimmer or video streaming. Before we move on, just to mention that another very specific thing about automotive grade Linux is the security model. SMAC has to be enabled in the Linux kernel, and AGL uses the so-called application framework. Although the name may sound as something else, the application framework is actually part of the security mechanism with Synagora, it provides permissions how different parts of the system can be accessed by applications and software components. As I said, automotive grade Linux is based on the Yocto project and open embedded. Therefore, you can see a lot of layers in AGL. AGL is based on Pocky. Pocky is the reference distribution provided by the Yocto project. There are a number of AGL-specific layers. You see that they're starting with Prefix Meta AGL. Also, there are a lot of board support package layers. Most importantly for this talk, which is focused on Raspberry Pi, is Meta Raspberry Pi. This is the layer that provides support for all Raspberry Pi models and versions. However, in the latest AGL releases, we support only Raspberry Pi 3 and 4. Other layers that worth mentioning, of course, are Meta Open Embedded, which provides a number of sub-layers, such as Meta, OE, MetaPython, and so on. If you are building a distribution, another distribution with the Yocto project and Open Embedded, most probably you end up using Meta Open Embedded too. It's probably the most popular collection of recipes in the Yocto and Open Embedded world. Meta Data, something that I've mentioned before, is required for the software over the air updates with Libo, Stree, and Actualizer. And MetaQt 5 is required for compiling and running the default demo graphical user interface. Let's have a look at the releases of AGL. AGL releases twice per year. Every six months there is a new stable release of AGL. AGL releases are named on Fishes. The latest stable release as of today is Ichi Icefish. However, just in a few days, another release candidate and a stable release hopefully after that will be released. This is going to be Jumping Jellyfish. It's part of the development process right now. Here you can see a screenshot which is taken from the AGL Wiki with the AGL schedule for this year. And so far the project is going on schedule. So in July we can expect the next release candidate. AGL runs on several hardware devices. The entire one device is the device that has best support for AGL. Our Renaissance Air Car Starter Kit generation tree boards. Most of Intel's 64-bit hardware platforms including Minuboard, Max and Turbo. These are open source hardware development boards with Intel CPU. You can also run AGL in emulator. There are two options for this. It's up to you to decide. Raspberry Pi is part of the community supported boards. Both Raspberry Pi 3 and 4 are supported by the latest versions of AGL.  Raspberry Pi 2 was supported by the first Raspberry Pi model supported by AGL. However due to the limited hardware capabilities of it in the later AGL releases we stopped supporting Raspberry Pi 2. Visit this link in the Wiki to learn more about the supported devices and the particular releases in AGL in which they are supported. A few words about Raspberry Pi. I'm personally attached to Raspberry Pi. I like this platform a lot. Raspberry Pi are a series of small single board computers with the size of a credit card or even smaller, considering Raspberry Pi 0, which is out of the scope of this talk. AGL doesn't run Raspberry Pi 0. However, Raspberry Pi is a single board computer developed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, which is based in Cambridge in the United Kingdom. All models of Raspberry Pi feature a Broadcom system on a chip and an ARM CPU. Raspberry Pi has been designed primarily to promote teaching of basic computer science. However over the time it became extremely popular platform in the maker community for hobby projects and a lot of demonstrations. And actually in AGL Raspberry Pi is commonly used for demonstrations. Raspberry Pi nowadays is a commodity. It's easy to buy. It's all around the world. Pretty much everyone has a Raspberry Pi so it's easy to just grab it, build an image, flash it in a microSD card and build it on Raspberry Pi. And by the way, the Raspberry Pi Foundation is providing a desktop distribution, which I'm sure everyone here knows, Raspbian. However, it's a very different distribution compared to AGL. And in the next slides you see the major differences. A few milestones about Raspberry Pi, important dates. The Raspberry Pi Foundation was established more than a decade ago. The first Raspberry Pi was released in 2012. Raspberry Pi then transformed with a lot of hardware differences in 2014. They extended the header from 26 pins to 40 pins and introduced the new form factor, which they keep for several versions now. The first board with this form factor was Raspberry Pi B+. After that Raspberry Pi 2, 3 and 4, all they have the same form factor. Important dates from these milestones related to AGL is the release of Raspberry Pi 3 and 4 because as of the moment the master branch of AGL supports these two hardware versions of Raspberry Pi. So in terms of AGL, the important dates start actually in 2015, when Mara Chenna, who at that time was working for Samsung open source group, ported Tizen based on Yocto and OpenBetter to Raspberry Pi 2. The difficult part there was to get Wayland and Weston properly working on a Raspberry Pi with ARM devices getting Wayland and Weston properly working. It's always one of the huge challenges even today, five years later. As I mentioned, the first code release of AGL from 2014 was based on Tizen, the IBI profile of Tizen. So there are some similarities between Tizen and AGL. Of course over the time the two projects are moving on in different directions, so nowadays there are quite a lot of differences as well. But in 2015 what Mara did was very useful because after that his work was adopted first by the Geneva Development Platform and shortly after that I was the one who used the knowledge from Geneva Development Platform and Tizen, which are both open source projects and ported AGL to Raspberry Pi 2. Over the time we also support Raspberry Pi 3, which the support in AGL was added in 2016 with pretty much the same time with the release of the new Raspberry Pi version. And last year we added support for Raspberry Pi 4, which was a quite exciting process. There were some challenges over it, which we will mention at the end of this presentation, but today we have both Raspberry Pi 3 and 4 working in the master of AGL as well as in the latest stable release. However keep in mind that Raspberry Pi 3 is with less RAM and that's kind of a problem for AGL. So I expect that in the near future the support for Raspberry Pi 3 will be dropped and AGL will focus on supporting Raspberry Pi 4 and eventually new Raspberry Pi versions of the Raspberry Foundation hopefully will release on the market. Let's have a look at how to build an image for Raspberry Pi from scratch. And before we go into details, which you already seen in this slide, I would like to highlight that it is also possible to directly download a pre-built AGL image for Raspberry Pi 3 on 4 and to save all these steps for building an image from scratch. However, the point of this presentation is that this presentation is for beginners, people that are interested in developing for AGL using AGL for prototyping and in this case you should be able to customize AGL, which means that you need to build it, to modify the source code, to build it again, to deploy it on the board and so on. So AGL is using the Google Repo 2 to simplify the process for downloading all the metadata for building an image. So first of all you need to prepare the Repo 2. This is a one-time operation. After that you need to make an appropriate directory and to initialize a repo in it. As you can see here, I'm directly initializing a repo for the master branch of AGL. This is the latest and greatest. However, this means that this is not the stable version. This is the version that is being in development. If you want to use something that's stable and properly tested, I highly recommend you, instead of using the master branch, to use the appropriate stable version as of the time when you're doing it. Repo sync command actually downloads the source code based on the repo that we had initialized on the previous command. Once we have downloaded the metadata, then there is this AGL script which initializes the build environment. So in this AGL setup script, it's a bar script. We need to set a machine. In our case, we want to build it for Raspberry Pi 4 and a list of AGL features. This is going to be a very basic image with not too many features. I'm just setting up a build environment with AGL demo and AGL application framework smart features. However, depending on the use case that you're going to use your Raspberry Pi and AGL, you should decide whether you need to enable more features. And then you need to execute BitBake. BitBake is coming from the AGL project in open and better. People will experience with the AGL project already familiar with BitBake. So the name of the most common touchative image in the AGL world is AGL demo platform. So the build from scratch takes a significant amount of time because AGL has a lot of components. The time depends on your internet connection speed because in the previous step we just downloaded the source code of the metadata which BitBake uses to start building each package, each recipe. Now we are going through the download task for each of these recipes. And this will, again, take some time to download depending on your internet connection speed. And after that it also depends on the hardware capabilities of your build machine. Something super important to note, the whole procedure that you see here the idea is that you should execute this on a machine with x8664 CPU from Intel or IMD with a Linux distribution that is compatible to the GunFeld release of AGL. For example, I'm an Ubuntu user. I'm running Ubuntu both on my laptop and my build machines. So I have built this image on Ubuntu 18.4. It's also possible to build it on other new Linux distributions. Have a look at the appropriate Yocto Mega Manual for release GunFeld as of the moment or from your releases if you are watching this presentation later on. To figure out which are the supported distributions if the distribution that you are running on your build machine is different please consider building it in a container. So the supported Raspberry Pi models which you can set in the AGL script that initializes the build environment at Raspberry Pi 3 and 4 this is a short list of some of the AGL features that you may consider. For example, the AGL netboot for boot over the network or AGL soda which enables the software over-the-air upgrades. Run source meta-aGL slash script slash aGL setup.nch help to show the list of all features supported. Once the image is ready it will end up in the temporary deploy directory for the image that you've selected. For Raspberry Pi 4 we are building a 64-bit image of AGL. The output file is weak and you need to extract it and flush it on the microSD card. The easiest way to do it is using DD. However, just be careful to find the appropriate SD card device otherwise you risk to wipe out your drive. For beginners it's also possible instead of using a DD to use software with graphical user interface such as Balana Etcher or the recently released Raspberry Pi foundation, Raspberry Pi Etcher. Once you're ready with the flushing procedure, flip the microSD card in the Raspberry Pi and turn it on to turn on the Raspberry Pi. All you need is to plug an appropriate USB cable for Raspberry Pi 4. This has to be a USB-C cable. The first boot of AGL takes a little bit more time because it's doing some one-off preparations. Each next boot is significantly faster. These are the common AGL images. We build AGL demo platform, but there are also other images such as AGL image IVI, which is a very base image for IVI targets, or AGL image minimal, which is a minimal file system with APIs without graphical interface. There's also an AGL image that just includes Wayland and Weston. Explore these images if you need to customize them. However, the most common target, especially if you are a beginner, is AGL demo platform. This is an output from the serial console. So basically you can connect your computer to the Raspberry Pi using the UR pins on the 40 pin header of the Raspberry Pi and using USB to UR cable, you can monitor the serial output as the Raspberry Pi boots. This is an ad-copied sample of how our mode of grade Linux has been booted on my Raspberry Pi 4. The default login is through, and this is the Linux kernel version that I printed it out. The serial boot rate, if you're doing something like this, is 115-200. A few screenshots of Raspberry Pi on AGL Raspberry Pi 4. These are three screenshots. The first screenshot is the home screen with all the installed applications. As I told you, the first boot takes a little bit more time because all these applications are automatically installed in the first boot. This boot is significantly faster. These are, of course, just demo applications just to prove that the platform works and to allow you to make more complex demonstrations. The second screenshot is from the HVAC application, and the third one is from the settings and more specifically from the about section of the settings. Here is system D lock of Western. As I told you, this is something very specific for AGL. AGL relies instead of X11 on Wayland, and Western is a reference compositor for Wayland. Wayland has actually, over the time, been adopted not only by the automotive industry, but also you can find it in modern smart TVs manufactured by LG and Samsung, respectively with WebOS and Tizen. As well as even in smart watches with Tizen. Supported Raspberry Pi peripherals in AGL, these are peripherals that we try to test. HDMI monitors. Of course, this is the most common setup to plug an HDMI cable in your Raspberry Pi. For Raspberry Pi 4, it's going to be the first AGL by connector. Of course, the Raspberry Pi official 7-inch touchscreen display, which has a separate connector on the Raspberry Pi board, is also supported. Starting with Raspberry Pi 3, the platform has a built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities. They are supported and they work. However, they are not super reliable.  So if you are experiencing something like this with the Wi-Fi and it's highly recommended to use USB dongle as an external hardware and plug it into a Raspberry Pi for more stable Wi-Fi connection. Also, you can attach various third-party add-on boards and hats. Hats is a hardware standard introduced by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. It means hardware attached on top. The device is that you plug on the 40 pin header of the Raspberry Pi and it has an EEPROM with device tree binary overly connected to pins 27 and 28 of the Raspberry Pi header. Where is the secondary I2C? Okay, so we've built an image. The image boots. We've seen all this, but how does this really work? So first of all, the core component of building AGL is the Yoctop project. The Yoctop project is an open source collaborative project of the Linux Foundation for creating custom Linux-based systems for embedded devices using the open embedded build system. Open embedded build system provides BitBay which you have already seen in the previous slides how to use to kick off a build of an image and open embedded core. Pocky is the name of the reference distribution provided by the Yoctop project. It is used by automotive-grade Linux. In one of the previous slides, you saw it among the list of Yoctop open embedded layers. So Pocky provides, it's provided as metadata. There are no binary files there. They use to bootstrap your own distribution for embedded devices and to save you some time because Pocky is on its own. It's a very minimal Linux distribution that you can boot. The Yoctop project has the annual release cycle twice per year. There is a new release of the Yoctop project. This happens in the spring and in the autumn. So here is the current releases of the Yoctop project. As of the moment, since April, the stable release of the Yoctop project is called Dunfile. This is version 3.1. This is a long-term stable. The names of the previous releases were Zeros, Warrior, Tud, Sumo, Rocco, and so on. The next release is hopefully scheduled for October this year. AGM Master, as of the moment, is based on Dunfile. Here is ColdSniper taken from the default XML. This is the repo manifest that we are actually using for the build that we did on the previous steps because when we did this repo init command, what it actually did was to download this default XML manifest and using it to do the repo sync. So here you see the exact tree visions from the build that we did, or at least I did at the time when I did it, and the upstream is referencing to the latest stable release of the Yoctop project called Dunfile. AGL also provides other releases, so if you want to use a stable release for AGL instead of Master, you can explore the AGL slash AGL repo and figure out the exact release that you need for the build that you are touching. It's very specific depending on the project you are working on. If you don't know how to start, what I would recommend to you is the latest stable release. A few words about Meta Raspberry Pi we've already mentioned on a couple of occasions. This is a general Yocto Open Embedded board support package layer for all models and versions of Raspberry Pi. It depends on layers from Meta Open Embedded. These are Meta OE, Meta Multimedia, Meta Networking, Meta Python. It provides specific variables as knobs to enable-disable hardware-specific features. In AGL we have the UART-enabled as well as UBOOT. Another very important thing is the variable that sets the type of KMS that should be used in AGL to support Wayland and Weston and the demo applications that you've seen on screenshots. We've got the HDMI monitor and the official Raspberry Pi 7-inch touchscreen display. Last autumn in October and November we had some difficulties to figure out why the official Raspberry Pi 7-inch touchscreen display isn't properly working in AGL on certain Raspberry Pi models and it appears that at that time we were using KMS instead of firmware KMS. So the solution was to switch this variable to the value that you see here which basically means using the firmware KMS. If you find a bug and want to report it, if you want to fix it or add a new feature to Meta Raspberry Pi, do it as a GitHub pull request. This is the link in GitHub where you can find it. The maintainer of Meta Raspberry Pi is Andre Gersen. There are more than 90 contributors, a very active community. Raspberry Pi, after all, is super popular so there are a lot of people interested in looking after this support package and I have to say that Andre is doing a great job and this is one of... Actually, this is my favorite more support package layer for Yocto Project and Open Embedded. There is also a great documentation. It's available at the link here at Read the Docs. Meta Raspberry Pi in AGL is done in the following way. So when you run the AGL setup script for Raspberry Pi, if you specify Raspberry Pi 3 or 4 as a targeted machine, it initializes the built environment by automatically populating comf slash local dot com and comf slash bblers dot com. So Meta Raspberry Pi will go into the bblers dot com file in order to take advantage of all the things that it brings for supporting AGL. So furthermore, there is one sub-layer of Meta AGL called Meta AGL BSP which contains hardware-specific configurations so AGL setup will take care of automatically loading it also in the bblers. In local dot com file, if you have a look at it, for example, if you open it with Vim or none or whatever is your favorite text editor, you'll notice that it will include AGL underscore Raspberry Pi 3 or 4 depending on the machine that you've selected. So these are again hardware-specific configurations for running AGL on Raspberry Pi. So what are these hardware-specific configurations? Well, AGL on Raspberry Pi uses Uboot as a bootloader, not the default bootloader provided by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. We are using Uboot. We're setting up the GPU memory. We're enabling QR which provides us the opportunity to monitor the serial output while the board boots. Also, various kernel modules as well as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth firmware are included in the AGL demo platform image that we've learned how to build in one of the previous slides. A few words about the AGL software over-the-air updates. In order to enable them, you have to explicitly type in the AGL sort of feature when you're running the AGL setup script. It will include a couple of Yocto and Open Embedded Layers. They're called MetaUpdater and MetaUpdater Raspberry Pi. As the name suggests, the second layer, MetaUpdater Raspberry Pi, contains some specific BBA plan files to run Oystree and Actualizer and properly make the partitions and everything for booting on a Raspberry Pi. LibOstree is a great project that I really admire because it provides a Git-like model for committing and downloading updates. Initially, it was a technology that was developed for desktop distribution. Actually, DOM continues using it for code assurance. And several years ago, maybe four or five years, it was supported to embedded devices. I was happy to be part of this process. There is a tool called Actualizer which was developed by the German company Advanced Dynamics Systems, which was acquired by here, and here is now developing it, which is an overall open source tool for automatic provisioning of bootable file system trees to a fleet of vehicles. This is something specific for the automotive industry. You can use LibOstree and Actualizer either in AGL using the AGL sort of feature, or if you prefer, you can even integrate them in a separate, your own Yocto and open and embedded distribution, even if it's not AGL. More details about how to use it are available both in the Wiki of AGL as well as the documentation, the official documentation of Actualizer provided by here. Both links are available in the slides. Let's have a look what development tools are used in AGL so that you can join the project and use them. Actually, all those tools are quite popular in the industry and most probably you are already familiar with them, so it's going to be great. As you have seen, the source code in AGL is stored in various Git repositories and the Google Repo tool is used to easily, with just a few commands, check out these repositories together and build an image. For code reviews, AGL is relying on Garret. Also, there are Git Hub repositories but only for the documentation. Here you can see both links to Garret and Git Hub. If you find the bug and want to report it, go to Jira. This is the bug tracking system that AGL uses. There is also great Wiki, so if you find something specific or if you are searching for some specific information, have a look at the Wiki first. And for the general documentation, the official documentation of Automotive Great Linux is available at docs.automotivelinux.org. AGL relies on Jenkins for continuous integrations, Lava and Fuego for running tests. A few words about AGL. Garret, this is a free and open source web-based team called Collaboration Tool for code reviewers. It is specifically useful when you have large projects and, definitely, AGL is a large project with people working and reviewing code that are distributed around the world working in different time zones. AGL simplifies the code review process and it's a great tool for this job. You can use AGL. Garret, all you need to do is to create a free account at identitylinux.foundation.org to be able to log in to garret.automotivelinux.org. The workflow for contributing to AGL is basically that you report an issue or a new feature in Jira. After that, you modify the source code and you include a reference to the Jira issues in the commit message that provides the bug fix or the new feature and you have to contribute it to the AGL. Garret workflow which is pretty standard for using Garret. Basically, the idea is that you are cloning locally the git repository you are modifying it after that you are pushing changes which are pending under review and a reviewer must vote and if the change is approved by the community if it has enough plus votes the maintainer will submit it to the AGL repository. Here is an example this is a screenshot taken from one commit that I did a few months ago and it has been merged in AGL Garret I have mentioned that back in the days last autumn we had a lot of problems supporting both the AGI monitors and the 7 inch official Raspberry Pi touchscreen display so the solution was to switch to firmware KMS so here if you notice there is a bug AGL tag and it contains a link to the GERA issue this is spec 2465 so this is very convenient because if you are reading the log several months later as we do here today you can just click on this link and you see the whole history with more details what has been done and why it has been done I encourage you to join the AGL communication channels AGL has some mailing lists there is a weekly developer call each Tuesday where all developers get to discuss the progress of the project this developer call takes about an hour or even less and if you have a quick question you can always join the automotive channel on free note so a few conclusions at the end of this presentation as you have seen Automotive Great Linux is a collaborative open source project that is bringing together automotive makers suppliers and technology components as well as individuals the idea is to accelerate the development and adoption of fully open source software stack based on Linux this is really important for the Connective Car AGL is a Linux foundation project Raspberry Pi is just one of the supported platforms by AGL of course AGL is in general targeting to run Automotive Great hardware Raspberry Pi is not made for cars however it is a very convenient platform for getting started for doing proof of concept demonstrations because Raspberry Pi is cheap and it is easy to get most probably there is a distributor near you so you can easily buy a Raspberry Pi and get started I hope this talk will encourage you to join the Automotive Great Linux community start contributing to the development to the testing by reporting bugs on JIRA or to the documentation AGL is participating in the Google Summer of Code programs as well as Summer of Documentation the community managers of AGL can share more details about it they are part of the embedded Linux conference have a look for Walt or Jan Simon to chat about the project if you are interested and want to learn more details how to join our community thank you very much here are a few useful links and I will be happy to hear your questions thank you very much for your attention again hi thank you very much for joining this session there are a lot of useful commands and questions so I will start answering them Randy from the Linux Foundation who is looking after the infrastructure of AGL has a very important command he wrote that soon there will be GitHub Repositories not only for the documentation but also for the source code so thank you very much for this command another question does this work for Raspberry Pi Zero sorry Valentin no AGL doesn't run on Raspberry Pi Zero W because Raspberry Pi Zero and Raspberry Pi Zero as well as the very first version of Raspberry Pi Zero have a very constrained hardware this was the same reason why we stopped supporting AGL on Raspberry Pi 2 AGL requires quite a lot of resources and as a conclusion of this talk I would highly recommend you using AGL on Raspberry Pi 4 with 4 or 8GB of RAM because of the UI another question Orlin is asking Qt and QML has been very common in the automotive industry is HTML5 getting popular as well do you know any car companies that run HTML5 for UI I'm not familiar with products integrated in cars on the road the idea in AGL is to provide a platform on top of which manufacturers can change the UI and shift it to the market however you can see some demonstrations by Igalia running HTML5 applications on embedded Linux devices and on AGL sorry that I cannot provide any details about products available on the market it's just something that I really don't know another question does AGL support any can shoots for Raspberry Pi yes, Marcello can shoots are supported however I don't remember on top of my hat the exact model for Raspberry Pi had with Kanda was supported is supported by AGL however this year during the demonstrations at CES and FOSDM AGL had a demo with Raspberry Pi I had exactly through this please let's continue this conversation in Slack and I'll try to find pointers and providing more details about it I believe Jan Simon from Linux Foundation can also provide details on this thank you very much for your comments here's another question that's important to answer how can open source beginners start contributing to AGL you can follow the instructions and the links shared in my slides and my slides are already available at chat after the conference I'm going to share them also in slide share and linked in so the easiest way is first to join our community the mailing list the weekly developer calls on Tuesday the IRC channel to have a look at the documentation and the wiki to get started and hopefully this presentation will catch you and more people to join our community and get started AGL is a great product open source product for beginners to get started with open source and something that's made for embedded devices and especially the vehicles all right Kurt is asking apart from infotainment telematics what other anticipated application domains yeah that's a good question there are many demonstrations done with AGL especially in the past years as you have seen in this presentation there are a lot of changes going on there was even a demonstration with Alexa integrated in AGL so again I would recommend you to have a look at the CES demonstrations with AGL there are details about them in the AGL wiki there is a big question here I know it's a big question but what are the usual challenges with porting AirPyBSP from Western and perspective yeah that's a huge challenge it was a huge challenge nowadays it's not such a challenge because of the excellent shape in Meta Raspberry Pi unfortunately I don't have enough time to answer in details however if you are basing an embedded distribution built with the Yachter project and open embedded on the Meta Raspberry Pi BSP layer nowadays porting to Wayland is way easier than it used to be thank you very much for joining this presentation it's great to see so many commands and questions we're running out of time so please let's continue the discussion in Slack you can find me there in the embedded track as well as in the Yachter project track and the video software track so it's going to be great to continue the discussion over there thank you very much for your attention and huge thanks to the holding of Linux Foundation for organizing this virtual event I hope you've enjoyed see you


Going on everyone Sam here with late sports cards from in 23 panini Phoenix football hobby 4 box break number 12 Pick your team style names and teams Barry M. Patriots Ben S. Bangles Benjamin W. Steelers Brett W. Vikings Brian D. Commanders Caleb R. Panthers Titans Chris D with the Bills Corey G. Packers Dan B. Ravens Daniel B Eagles of Dan Bo Ravens Daniel B a Eagles James W Falcons Browns Jets Chargers Giants of N bucks Jonathan H with the Broncos Kevin B Bears Lee H. Dolphins Logan H. Niners Mark M. Rams Matthew J. Raiders Matthew K Colts Nicholas U Saints Peter B. Lyons Russell K. Seahawks Ruth H. Cowboys Scott V Chiefs Sean H. Cardinals Thomas W. Jags and Todd C with the Texans Good luck. Here we go. First Aaron Jones their cartel and a Central Tillman straight Tucker rookie at Jersey Auto to 125 for the Raiders No, 149 149 for the Raiders and Stroud Silver Silver Diane Henley and green Drew Sanders to 25 and Romandre Stevenson Jalen Hertz that is Josh Allen to 175 and J. Ascent Quentin Johnson to 175 and Tyler Algiers. That is an archetype Bijan Robbins in super short print Congrats on that falcons. That's dope man archetypes look really good Really sick. Get that into a mad Sam LaPorte. That's a 199 in Aaron Donald Chase Brown to 199 Abaddon Warray to 35 to up that is dope man. I love the archetypes in this JSN Silver rookie JSN to 75 rookie patch auto congrats Seahawks another nice one there Thank you, man face Yeah, nice one overall man. Take it for sure Silver Kyler Juju to 225 or no, not 225 175 check up orange hot routes T Higgins to 99 silver up Nikua Benton Drake London the Falcons to 175 and Jaleners Silver Brock Purdy red Drake London to 199 and Brock Purdy base Silver Jimmy G Jordan Addison yellow to at 75 and Joe Burrow Color burst of Josh Jacobs Byron young for the Raiders to 175 Tyree kill Jordan battle DJ more one of five black auto for the Bears Well, two super short printed bears autos today. Congrats on that Chicago silver KP Silver Tucker Kraft Justin Fields pink to at 175 Cooper Cup Patrick Mahomes fired ups yellow to 75 to up and tabs Red JK Dobbins to 199 for the Gravins and Teal of a manual forks for the Commanders and you big patch coming up here In no Connell it is Jalen Carter to 25 nice one there for colored patch For the Eagles really nice one. Congrats. Uh, Philly the blue Jonathan Taylor pink and Jalen Hertz Thunderbirds of Kyler Murray. There's a Carson went signature highlights from the Commanders It's kind of wild the blast from the past right there. Congrats Washington and Brandon Iac silver TJ Watt juju to 75 and Justin Herbert red Jaden Reed to 199 and Kyler Will lavish rookie red Luke schoonmaker and A fired up Tyree kill silver Lamar Gervan Dexter to at 150 and Justin Fields Color Burst James Cook that is an Amari Cooper to at 175 Gino Smith Byron young Reggie Wayne numbers game auto Congrats there Indianapolis. That's dope Loved me some Reggie Wayne back in the day. Congrats, Indy. Tyree Wilson rookie rising for console Silver of Luke Musgrave yellow Yaya Diaby to 75 and step on digs Rookie fired up will Anderson Kyler Murray to at 150 on the teal and a Zach Pickens to 99 B John fired up will lavish rookie Yellow Jonathan mingo to 75 for the Panthers and Aaron Jones Byron young got to 199. That's Jalen Carter on the rookie Jersey card Congrats on that one Eagles again. Very nice. Very nice Devon witherspoon to 175 Josh Allen Thunderbirds Gina Riley Moss three of five on the black auto congrats Denver second auto to five in this break very nice Riley at Moss the Iowa guy and Jameer Gibbs Silver Matt Judon That's juju at Smith Schuster to at 175 and Devon's ace in it annual Forbes Tyler Lockett to 125 and LaPorta Mere Gibbs rookie Lava Nick Chubb to 175 as well and Base of Jalen Hertz. Well, not base but insert of Jalen Hertz Thunderbirds Last box of the day everybody JSN color burst Felix and the week eight was Zoma for the Chiefs Purple diva to at 99 Yes To at 75 Tony Pollard Mike Evans Pretty good and pretty solid the cases are pretty dope. That's one of them A few other 10 L key on white Britain strange to 50 on the orange auto rookie for the Jaguars Golf silver Jalen waddle to 199 Dalton Kincaid on the rookie Jersey auto good stuff there bills and strap Silver a Gervin Dexter red Kenneth Walker and Josh James Is there a trash list traffic up? Yeah, how many names on it now? Silver at 20 Pollard Purple Jalen Carter to 125 six is the bottom What's it called? Is that What's on for the hunt Robert? Chase Brown Robert Cole come back to 99 Who's here this morning, dude needs to pull together bad Ryan branch on the teal to 150 and Dika Dylan Horton to at 199 Bryce young rookie Christian McCaffrey to 175 Gino Smith at his Thunderbirds OBJ Tyree kill to at 175 on the lava and base of Lamar and last half the break good luck here We're in Bennett. It is a triple Doug Baldwin DK Metcalf and Jackson Smith in jigba Going to the Seahawks to 150 congrats on that Seattle pretty cool one regeneration. I like that insert teal to 125 as they have a check-out and Danny dimes All right top load that one and then we'll do a quick recap and that'll do it Thank you, Josh. We're gonna have a stadium club spot Triple Jalen Carter chase Brown and Jalen Carter. You got autos now. This one's so dope Reggie Wayne Carson Wentz Dalton Kincaid Trey Tucker Jackson Smith and jigba Brent strange DJ more to five Riley Moss to five and archetype of B John Robinson. I'll do it for the break everybody Thanks again for the film next up is nothing


Now let's discuss act two. So in this act there are only two scenes. Now in scene one we learn that Polonius decides to send Renaldo to France and he has asked Renaldo to go in order for him to spy on his son Laertes, okay? Then in scene one we learn also that Hamlet visits Ophelia and this is of course after Ophelia has basically told him that they can't be together they can't hang out anymore. Now when Hamlet visits Ophelia she's frightened because he comes with his clothes in disarray really really messed up. He doesn't look his usual self. Also he grabs her wrists and stares at her so he acts in a completely different manner and of course this is part of what he calls his antique disposition him feigning madness, okay? But of course here the Ophelia doesn't know that he's feigning madness but also at some points he does actually look a little bit mad, but we're not entirely sure, okay? So we see this really interesting exchange and this terse exchange and afterwards Ophelia goes to tell her father Polonius about Hamlet's actions and Polonius really pompously believes that Hamlet is acting in this way acting mad because he's actually love-sick over Ophelia so Polonius decides to take it upon himself to go and tell King Claudius Look your nephew. I believe he's acting really crazy because I told Ophelia they can't hang out anymore Therefore I think he's love-sick over her. Of course this is a really really great excuse for him to maybe ask the king to let Hamlet marry Ophelia and this will of course ensure that Polonius becomes even more powerful and influential at court. Now in scene two We learned that Gertrude separately decides to ask Rosenkranz and Guildenstone who are two friends of Hamlet She decides to tell them that you know Hamlet has been acting really sad, moody, melancholic And of course he's acting melancholic who's just lost his father However, she says to them, please could you try to come over and cheer him up So Gertrude asks Guildenstone and Rosenkranz to just come and cheer Hamlet up Separately Claudius and Polonius, this is after Polonius has told Claudius about Hamlet's activity and his kind of madness They decide to spy so hopefully you're picking up on the theme of spying Here Polonius decides to send Ronaldo to spy on his own son Laertes however separately when Polonius learns about how Hamlet acted towards Ophelia He and Claudius decide to hide and watch Hamlet speak to Ophelia and Whilst they're watching they watch Hamlet basically telling Ophelia being really horrible to Ophelia And ultimately he tells her to go to a nunnery, in other words He tells her that she needs to protect her virginity She needs to protect her purity and chastity and the best thing to do would go to live with sisters in a convent in a nunnery Now in this scene also Hamlet meets some travelling actors and at first he asks them to perform one of his favourite speeches After they do so he asks them to come back the following night And he asks them to stage to basically play out the murder of Gozango on the next night And of course this play that they're going to be staging in front of everybody will actually be a Re-enactment of how somebody has betrayed the king and killed him by pouring poison in his ear Very similar to what the ghost of Hamlet told him about the way Claudius killed King Hamlet Okay, so of course this is also another strategy that he wants to use in order to see if he can catch out his uncle