So this is a continuation of the earlier presentation which Gittika presented for the validation rules. So we had a look at how can we use validation rules in different scenarios and and I also saw how we can use the data quality app and the validation rule analysis function to kind of generate a list of the validation rules which have been broken or which do not qualify the conditions that we have defined while creating a validation. Today we focus more on the use aspect tomorrow there are sessions which are dedicated to the design of these rules so we focus more on the configuration tomorrow and if time allows we can also cover the predictors and the repetition of the concepts around how we can create predictors and use them for data quality and threshold calculation. So coming back to notifications. Basically, you want to communicate the responses which the validation rule analysis app generates with a wider user group so that the people could take the responses against the errors which haven't identified in the data. Then you had to run the validation analysis. So basically through the validation rule notifications or you are able to create. You're able to create a response a message in response to a validation rule which has been violated. These notifications can be sent out to the users and when you're creating when you're creating your validation rule notifications, you can define that for which validation rule you want to trigger notification. Who are your target audiences who are your recipients and what message you want to send with respect to that violation. So I'll quickly show you a validation rule notification how it has been created. The prerequisite is that for creating a notification you must create a validation rule first because your notification is tied to the validation rule which has been created. So there are two ways in which these notifications can be sent out. One is when you do a manual validation analysis using the validation rule analysis function we just saw in the last couple of sessions. When you're running the validation analysis, you have a checkbox there which kind of ask you that whether you want to send notifications or not. If you check that checkbox the system will not only run the validation rule analysis but if any errors are spotted then those errors would be sent as a part of the notification also. And secondly you can create automatic scheduling process. So there's an app called scheduler in DHS where you can schedule that every day at this point of time you want to run the validation analysis and send the notifications to the users. So you can automate this process or you can also do a manual push of the notifications depending upon how you want to use the functionality to send the notifications. Now these notifications can be sent in three ways. One is you could utilize the DHS to internal messaging system. So we have a messages app where the users can communicate with each other one to one private messages or they can contact an entire user group and share their messages. So through the messaging app you could get access to these notifications which are getting generated from the validation. Or if you want to use this information or share this information outside of DHS to then you can also send these notifications on through an email or an SMS as well. So email and SMS to work. We need to configure an email server in the email settings in DHS to and third party SMS gateway has to be configured so that these notifications could be sent outside of DHS to through other means of communication. So all three are possible the DHS to internal messaging system is available by default. It does not need any external development will be done. But if you are talking about the emails and the SMS then they need to be sent through an email server or an SMS gateway which have to be configured on top of the DHS system. Now in the previous slide I mentioned about the notifications which can have dynamic parameters in the message itself. So we talked about that when we're creating notification we need to select a rule that this rule when this rule gets violated send this notification. But when you're creating notification you're creating a message body basically. So in that message body you have some dynamic parameters which you can preselect and the system will fill those information and send the rules accordingly. So for example you want to send the clinic where the rule has been violated the period for when for which the data has been reported and the descriptions the name of the rule and the priority. So these are certain variables which are available for configuration so you can select the rules for which you want to send notifications and what do you want to send in notification. So we can define the content of the notification through these dynamic parameters. So in the example that we will see a validation rule notification which is which has been already pre configured we can see what parameters we use in terms of creating that notification in the system. So basically the prime focus here is for creating this notification is to allow user to identify and respond to the challenges with the data quality checks which have been already done by the supervisor or by the program manager. So if you receive a notification which through the validation rules then it means that you have to quickly see that what challenges has a system identified with the data and then and what should be really corrected by looking at the descriptions which are available as part of the validation to construct that. So the idea here is that notifications should be kept to a bare minimum rules which are of high priority because if we send anything in bulk people kind of lose focus on that. So it's kind of our call within our implementations that for what rules do we want to really send out notifications so any data which is of high priority which should be reported with that most correction. Then for those selected data elements we should create the validation rules and we should add them to the notifications. So the lesser the number of notifications you decide the kind of focus is there that these are the quintessential data point which need to have correct data. So you can create validation rules as many as you want but for notifications the best practice is that keep the notifications to a minimum and send it out to the right people or else if you just keep getting notifications from the entire data sets which you have in the system then they kind of lose value and people tend to ignore them at the time. So that's the thing where it kind of do's and don'ts of using notifications. This was my last slide I'll jump on to the demonstration now and I'll take you through one of the notifications that we have created and then we can see how these notifications reach out in our different ways. So just give me a sec I'll share my system screen. So here you see in the maintenance app you have an option to add validation rule, a validation group and a validation notification. So tomorrow we'll focus on creating the actual rules, what are the mechanisms in which we can create a rule and how it can support validation rules. Today we'll focus more on the notification aspect. So now we have a notification which is already created, which kind of will send out an alert to the health facility and the users who are associated with health facility. To check the data in case the Rotavirus 2 doses which have been administered are less than or equal to the Rotavirus 2 threshold. So if you, I'll just quickly edit this. So what you've done here is we've given the notification a name and then we've selected the validation rule here that in case the doses administered are greater than the Rotavirus threshold then you're supposed to send a notification to the facility and its users. So it's important that when you're creating a notification, you must have a validation rule created in advance.  So here I selected that I would like to send a notification for this particular validation. Now this is to whom the messages should go or to whom the validation rule notification should be shared. So then you can define user groups in the GIS so when you're creating users, you can tag certain users to a particular group. So if the immunization group is responsible for the data quality and the data entry and the data management for the EPI program. So we can create a group for immunization notification. So all those users which are part of this immunization notification group only they will receive the SMS or the alert for the validation notification because the data that we're talking about here belongs to the EPI or the immunization program. So you're kind of defining that what validation rule should have a notification and to which set of users these notifications should go and then how do you want to send these notifications. So for example, when I'm running my validation rule analysis at the district level, I might get information for 10 different health facilities. So now it's my choice that whether I want to send one notification per facility or I want to send a collective collective summary, which will kind of summarize the alerts for all the health facilities in that respect. Or if I'm looking at the validation rule analysis for more than one. So, collective summaries are better because they kind of group the information together and show you in one snapshot rather than clicking on individual messages for each value. So, but the call is yours. You can select both the options, the collective summary or the single notifications. I think there's an option to notify users in the hierarchy only. Okay, so now if I'm working in in one respective district. And if I check this option, then this notification will only send messages to the health facilities who are under that respective district. So this this way you kind of blocking your or making your target audience much the scope much say you can say more less or much less wider in terms of that this notification should only be sent to the people who are part of the hierarchy. So if I am the district manager for immunization, and I want to send this notification out, then it will only send the notification to the users who are kind of below or the facilities which are below my district. So it's not sending to any other users only sent to so district a has 10 facilities then this notification will go to only 10 facilities and not to the other districts. You can restrict in terms of your spread of geography in terms of the spread of health facilities in that district to what all areas or to wall all health facilities should this notification go out. So now you hear you create your messaging template. So this would be the subject of the notification when it goes out that router virus to doses given exceeds the calculated threshold. And this is the message template which you can. So I spoke of dynamic parameters being available in my presentation. So if you see here, you have these template variables which you can use to create your message. And wherever you use these template, these variables, the system will automatically push the values from the validation rule result and send this this as a message. So I've added that the number of rotavirus values. And it should pick the left side value because I've given the expression of left side value here should be as an equal to rotavirus threshold. Then I've given the variable for picking up the right side value in this health facility during this period. So I have created a template of a message and you could add on more variables also if you want. Okay, so this kind of this message right now gives me the crux of the information that I need that for rotavirus to doses. This is the value which has been entered and for the threshold, this is the value which is available, which we calculated through the predictors. This is the facility where there is an issue with the data and for which month. So these variables are kind of enough for me to understand the issue and and to go and fix it. Okay, but if you think you need any more information then you have these variables available to add more variables and make your subject more descriptive. So this is how you create your validation notification. So for each validation rule, you can create one notification and it is suggested that you create a validation rule notification only for those validation rules which are of higher priority so that the focus remains intact when you're sending out these notifications. So now we spoke of how we can run these notifications. So if you go to the data quality app here, we have already used the validation rule analysis application. Okay, so what you can do is you can select your organization units. For example, you want to see for the, you want to do a data quality check against the immunization threshold for the animal region, you can select a period. I'll just select one. I just let my immunization threshold. Okay, now I have send notifications as the checkbox here. So if I want to push these notifications manually then I can click on send notifications and click on validate. So there are no validation violations available for this period. So let's select something else. So we have some rules which got violated and there are values available for these respective health facilities for this respective period. Now if you look on the top on the messages app, you have some messages which have been sent to your inboxes. So if you see these then these are the validation messages that have been sent because I was sending notifications through the validation. So now all those members who are already part of this validation rule notification group. So there's user group created for immunization notifications and we added and we added you as a member so that you could also see these notifications. So now since we have selected a collective summary. So you get the information for each of the health facility and since you have access to the entire hierarchy training land. So you get the collective summary of all the health facilities, all the periods for which we had checked the data for that respective validation. So if you see here, so this kind of is coming through your, the, the template that we had created. So that's for seven. So then this these values are the autofill so 70 was your left hand side value and zero was your right hand side value. And then this particular is your health facility here dispensary and this is your period of 2019. So these variables were pre filled by the system and the values are pre filled by the system and then a collective somebody was saying to you for all the health facilities where you see that this validation has been violated and you have a response against that specific situation. So, this is the whole concept of how the validation function in the HRS to the notifications. If there's any question, please feel free to ask, or you can also post on Slack and we could answer them. You can also exercise available where you're supposed to repeat the same steps which are just demonstrated, you need to run the validation through notification and see if you get the messages in the messaging app in the validation tab. So you can see the messages as collected. So any questions, please let me know I'll just quickly see if there are any questions on this and I'll try to respond.


Do you love smelling flowers? Well, I do too, but do you know every time we smell a flower? There are high chances that the pollen in the in the flower might get inside our nose So should we be worried about that? Well, most of the time when the pollen enters nothing actually happens. It doesn't affect our body But in some people like in case of my brother Ram Every time he smells a flower. He sneezes like crazy and He also gets this watery eyes runny nose and redness and swelling around his nasal area Now since Ram's body reacts in a very different way towards a non-harmful substance like a pollen Ram is said to have an allergy Allergy towards pollen now anything that triggers an allergy is called an allergen So this pollen pollen is an allergen for Ram But it is not an allergen for me because I don't get all these symptoms when I smell a flower Now the question is what is happening different in case of Ram? Because we are closely related we are siblings and we share fair amount of our DNA So why is Ram's body reacting in a different way than mine? Let's find out Let's begin by talking about the word allergy Allergy comes from a Greek word, which means change in reaction Now what reaction is it talking about? It is talking about the body's immune cells reaction The immune cells somehow tend to become over sensitive towards non-harmful substances And that reaction of our immune cell towards non-harmful substances causes an allergy So allergy is actually the weird reaction of our immune system Our immune system somehow tends to behave in a very weird way So to see how the immune system behaves differently how about we check my immune system And then my brother Ram's immune system every time we inhale some pollen So this is me I am not allergic to pollen and as you can see I have inhaled some pollen Now what will happen after that? The pollen will first encounter the hair that is present in our nasal passage So these are the hairs And this one here is the pollen So the pollen will try to enter our nasal passage So the first obstruction will be the hair And then beneath the hair will be a dense mucus layer So these are the mucus So some pollen will be trapped by the mucus But let's say the pollen has passed the mucus layer as well Then beneath the mucus layer will be the epidermal layer So these are our epidermal cells, the outer layer But the pollen is so stubborn that it has passed all these layers And have gone deep down under these epidermal layer So let's say here is the pollen But the pollen has no idea that our body has got defensive cells Which we call immune cells And this pollen will now encounter our immune cells Now this is where the difference is The immune cells from here on will start acting differently in me And in case of my brother So let's see how my immune cells behave So let us consider that somewhere here the pollen has got inside the epidermal layer So as soon as it enters it will face our immune cells So this one here is a pollen And this is the immune cells Now the immune cell will phagocytose the pollen Or we can say the immune cells will eat the pollen Now after they do that they will release some chemicals in this in this vacuole And it will destroy the pollen particles It will break down into small small non-functional pieces And that is the end of the pollen story inside my body Simple, right? Now let's see what happens differently in case of my brother Ram So here is Ram He is allergic, allergic to pollen Okay? In case of Ram the immune cells after eating up the pollen This plays the pollen to the other immune cells Let me show you how They do it with the help of a special protein called Amid-C class 1 Now the question is Is this protein not made in my body? The answer is yes It is present in my body my immune cells as well In fact it is present in all the cells of our body But why is it displaying the parts of a pollen to other immune cells in case of Ram But not in case of me The answer lies in the structure of the Amid-C molecule This is the Amid-C molecule Which has this variable region here And this one here is the pollen Now this variable region is formed from a random shuffling of a piece of DNA Or we can say a gene that codes for the variable region of Amid-C It randomly shuffles and forms this variable region So it is sheer luck that the variable region of Ram Somehow could attach to this pollen But the variable region of Amid-C in case of me Did not bind to a pollen So this is the first step where both of our immune system acted in a different way So what happens after that? Why is this playing of a pollen by an Amid-C molecule a big deal? This is a big deal because it presents this pollen particle to the T cells The T cells then sends a strong signal to B cells to form antibodies against it Here you will not understand where these T and B cells have all come in from Until you have watched the videos of what B and T cells are and how they react Well these are all immune cells They have their own very important functions in the immune system And as soon as all these cells get activated here As soon as this B cell gets activated It will produce a special type of antibody called IgE That is Immunoglobulin E Now let me tell you that this IgE is not the very common type of immunoglobulin produced by B cells It normally produces IgG or IgM kind of antibodies Now there are videos that talks about all these different type of antibodies I won't elaborate it here but these are antibodies produced against a specific type of foreign invader or antigen Now here as IgE is produced this IgE is produced only during allergic reaction Now what this IgE does and why is it so different? Well this is because the other immunoglobulins which are produced by B cells through a plasma cell Goes and binds to the foreign invader or to the antigen directly But here the IgE it goes and binds to a special type of immune cell called the mast cell And this mast cell have special receptors on top of it that has very high affinity for IgE antibodies And IgE goes and binds to these mast cells Now this mast cells are said to be sensitized Now can you guess why? Well this is because the mast cell initially had no clue what these pollens were But now with the help of specific IgE molecule that has come and docked on to this mast cell This mast cell has now become very very sensitive towards this pollen Okay let me tell you another thing about this IgE molecule This immunoglobulin E molecule has a very short half life But as soon as it goes and docks on to this mast cell its lifespan increases It can now stay potent for around 2-3 weeks And during that time if this pollen happened to enter the body of Ram again Can you guess what can happen? Well this time the pollen will be taken up directly by the IgE antibody that is present on top of the mast cells And as soon as the pollen binds to the IgE molecule the mast cell ruptures And as you can see it releases all its content in the vicinity Now before I tell you what happens next let me clear the board a little bit Alright so now as you can see this mast cell have released some chemicals So what are these chemicals among the many different type of chemical it releases? The very potent and the most important one is the histamine So what this histamine does is that it widens the blood vessel So this is the normal diameter of a blood vessel So as you can see it widens the blood vessel and then also causes the cells that makes up the blood vessels to shrink So as those cells which we call endothelial cells as those cells shrink The blood vessels becomes permeable and the fluid rushes out of the blood vessels Causing swelling and redness in that area And that is why Ram gets that redness and swelling in the nasal area And on top of that histamine increases the glandular secretion So let me write down gland secretion And in this case it increases the secretion of the mucus glands and therefore Ram gets a runny nose And all these causes a lot of irritation in the nasal passage of Ram and that causes continuous sneezing Now along with histamine some other chemicals are also released by the mast cells And few of those chemicals also attracts more mast cells to come into that area and burst themselves And that adds on to the misery that this mast cell was already causing And that is how my poor brother Ram gets an allergy from pollen Now let's talk about the remedy and the cure for allergen Well sadly we still don't have a cure for an allergy but we do have drugs that stops the action of histamine Or stops the action of other chemicals that's released by the mast cells But that do not provide a permanent cure towards an allergy The next time Ram inhales a pollen the same chain of reaction will occur again The mast cell will be released and then he will have to take a drug to counteract all those chemicals So the best piece of advice in case of an allergy is avoidance If you are allergic to pollen avoid smelling a flower If you are allergic to peanuts do not eat peanuts Well doctors have also come up with another treatment where very small doses of an allergen is injected Over a long period of time so that the body's immune system at one point of time stops reacting to that allergen


So we have we've been doing a community awards for the last two summits and we think it's something that's in particular very important because we want to make sure that we're highlighting you know the the individuals in the community that everyone might not actually know and some of them that you do know but also the end users. So so this year or this event here in Philadelphia we're doing that as well. We have a couple different categories and we're gonna start by talking a bit about our quiet achievers. Now these are the people that you don't normally see on stage. These are the people that do a lot of the hard work kind of behind the scenes but actually make it possible for many of our projects to progress. So why don't you go ahead and let everybody know. First I want to add on to that because I think Denise you did a great job yesterday in part of our empathy conversation of really highlighting the fact that we often hear the loudest voice in the room and we wanted we've been trying to figure out ways to highlight a lot of the voices that we don't often hear and so that's where the quiet achievers came from and we do try to do the awards to highlight a lot of the action that happens behind the scenes or off to the side that may not everyone be aware of and we do that one to highlight the stellar work that happens in our community but also as a way to encourage others to step up and figure out where you can also participate. So there's a little bit of a subtext here saying hey come on there's more stuff to do. So first up on our quiet achievers award is Claudia Beresford. She's amazing. Yes. And his music. Here's the thing. Claudia is not here. They're the quiet achievers. The quiet achievers. Claudia is unfortunately not able to be here but I actually want to talk to her talk about her for just a moment. She works on the garden team and has been killing it for years on the garden team. She's our secret weapon particularly on the low level problems, bisecting the kernel, reproducing unreproducible problems, tracking fixes upstream and making all of our containers healthier. So we really want to highlight the work that she has done over the years and shine a light on what's actually happening behind the scenes. And the same for the second achiever, David Sabati. David has been part of the Cloud Foundry team I think since the very beginning. I know for many, many years. He also works tirelessly behind the scenes and is now running our release integration efforts. And if you're not familiar with release integration efforts, it is the critical part that makes Cloud Foundry all that it is and that you can actually pull down. So this is an important and critical part of the work that happens. And again, we wanted to highlight the work that David's been doing. All right. So a round of applause for them. They'll get to see this on video, right? So thank you to both of them for all the work they do. Up next, we have what we call the advocates. There are a lot of amazing advocates in this community. But for this event, we wanted to highlight two very special individuals. So Abby, do you want to introduce them? I do. And I swore backstage I was going to embarrass them both before they came on stage. I didn't. I did. So for those of you that were out of an in basil, these two advocates, Steve Greenberg and DJ Jones, actually did something amazing and terrifying. They got on stage to talk not about Cloud Foundry, but about the importance of an inclusive community. And for that, we are going to be eternally grateful forever because that was a really tough thing for them to do. But it also changed the tone and it changed the conversation. Beyond that, they're both tirelessly advocates for Cloud Foundry in the community, in the training. They work tirelessly behind the scenes and help pitch in whenever they can. And for that, we couldn't be more grateful. So come up on stage, Steve and DJ. And we have shiny pieces of plastic to hand them. Look at that. All right. How about a really big round of applause for these two amazing people? I'm going to go to the other side here because I'm going to stop running back and forth behind you. I was actually enjoying the... Feels a little awkward, doesn't it, people? Watching you spray back and forth, I was like, that was great. So next up. Yeah. Next up. I'm going to talk about the coolest user stories. We are blessed as an open source ecosystem filled with wonderful vendors. But to me, we have amazing end users, right? The customers, the vendors, those that just use the open source directly. Incredible stories, right? We get to hear them on stage all the time. We get to see them at breakouts. We have the benefit of having conversations with them throughout the year. They're fundamentally changing the way their business works and they're improving our lives as consumers. So without further ado... Users are... You know, to Chip's point, users are no longer just consumers of technology, consumers of open source technology. Many of our users are now members participating, doing pull requests and contributing back to the open source in many different ways. And first up on that list is Jay Piskarik. He's a director of platform engineering at Dick's Sporting Goods. And we wanted to give Dick's a particular shout out because they've done an amazing job over the last couple of years of leveraging Cloud Foundry as the core part of their digital transformation. And I know that you've probably heard Jay talk about it a bit why this week at Summit. But it's been really impressive to watch them change and transform the retail experience. And over the last couple of years, actually in the last year, they've managed to onboard over 40 product teams and ramp up development efforts onto Cloud Foundry. So this has been an amazing user story and one we went to highlight. So come up on stage, Jay. Hey, congratulations. Amazing work. Thank you. Thank you. All right. But wait, there's more. There's one more user story and I am super excited about this one. We've talked a lot about Comcast the last 24 hours particularly since we're in Billy. I know that I gave a shout out to Greg Otto yesterday, but we wanted to bring him up as part of the cool user story, but Greg Otto is a bit more than just a really great user story. Greg Otto continues to be an also a tireless advocate in our community.  Greg takes the time to spend time with other users and help them talk about the journey that they've been on at Comcast, but also encourage others to follow their path. And for that one, we're grateful as a community for the advocacy that Greg does, but also the highlight, the work that Greg has done over the last five years at Comcast, which has been an amazing road that I know we highlighted a lot of the highlights yesterday, but we wanted to give a special shout out to Greg. So come on, Greg. Congratulations, Greg. There you go. There's your plastic dish. Thank you so much, Greg. Well, there's more Comcast people in here, right? Come on. Two of you on Comcast. All right. Come on. Awesome. Okay. We have one more. So for all the others, we actually pull the community and get your input, but this is our show, so we sometimes get to pick our own awards. Yes, we do. We just make them up on the fly sometimes. Yeah, totally. Totally. And so we have one of those this time. We do. Okay. We are, there's so much that happens behind the scenes during the year in our community, but also in particular at Summit, Summit, and I know Chip's highlighted the sponsors and I'm going to beat that again. This doesn't happen without sponsors, but most importantly, it also doesn't happen without the volunteers and those of you from the community that step up and do a lot of the heavy lifting. And so we created an award this year to highlight the amazing work that Sarah Irland and Ivana Scott have done, particularly around unconference. Yes. Come on up. You too. There you go. Thank you. Thank you for everything you do. The work that these two, thank you, the work that these two do on the unconference, which by the way have just continued every year to get better and better has been amazing. And for those of you that didn't make the unconference this year, you better make the next one at Summit. But these are some of the women that are behind that and make that possible. So thank you so much. Awesome. Awesome. All right. So that's the end of the show for today here in this room. Right now, you should all go down to the foundry floor. Coffee, tea, a little bit of snack. We've got a break until about 11.10 when all the breakout sessions are going to start. And honestly, I'll tell you, I don't know which track to go to. There's a lot of amazing talks that are happening today. And then again, we'll see you here tomorrow morning at 9 AM. Those of you going out to dinner tonight, please do pick a buddy and make sure that you are able to wake up in the morning. We expect to see all of you. Have a wonderful time today, interact with each other, learn from each other, interact with the contributors, and share. Thank you.


Good morning. My name is Sergeant Tabor. I'm with Alpha Company 214, and I'm out here at the EIB, the Expert Infantryman's Badge Lance, and me and my friends over at the company Wolfpack, Fort Fulton. I'm going to go out here and go through food today. EIB is pretty important to me because obviously I'm an infantryman, and I want to not only prove that I'm an expert in my craft, but also that my craft means a lot to me because to get your EIB you have to be fairly determined, and not only success, but also being 100% accurate in all the fields. It's sturdy lance, it's hard work, but I think that if you set your mind to it, and you have some good friends that help you go over the task list and the conditions and the standards, you'll make the best out of it, and you might go home with your blue rifle. Hua.


So, dear students, we are discussing about job and process costing in last few sessions. You know now that the job costing is typically used for relatively small quantity customer oriented output. So, in the last session, we had seen how to make a cost sheet. So, we take one job, go on adding all the cost incurred for that job and a separate cost sheet is required to be produced to get the cost of that job. In process costing, it is relatively simple because it is a mass production, all goods are same, they are not being made for the customer, they are being made in identical goods in larger quantities. So, we make process accounts, we charge the entire cost to that process account, we divide it by number of units to get the cost per unit. This is basics are clear to you. Next we saw the concept of abnormal and normal loss. So, what happens is in many of the processes because of technical specifications, input is not same as output. So, if you put in 100 units, the output is 95 units. So, it is inherent that 5 units are lost, such loss is treated as normal loss. Can you give an example where such normal loss happens? In most of the machining processes, if you put in some raw material, some of the material will be scrapped out and the output will be of a lesser weight than what you put in. So, there will be some normal loss depending on what you are producing. Now, when you put in 100 units but you get out 95 units, you will charge the customers for the whole of the 100 units. That is why your total cost you will divide by 95 to get the cost per unit. Is it clear? That is why normal loss we charge to the customer. Suppose instead of 95 units, I can produce only 92 units because of some mistakes made by the workers. Now, these 3 units cannot be charged to the customer, they have to be born by the company. So, the total cost, I still divide by 95 and I get cost per unit for 92 units, I charge the customer and for the 3 units, they are transferred to PNL account. That is why in Kuros' account, we have to segregate the cost of abnormal loss and the cost of finished goods. Are you getting? So, abnormal loss is a situation where actual loss is more than the normal loss. Sometimes, reverse happens. That I expect output of 95, actually I get output of 96. So, this one unit extra will be treated as abnormal gain. This is a gain to the company, it need not be passed on to the customer. So, total cost is still divided by normal output which is 95, I get cost per unit and that cost per unit into 96, it charge to the customer. One unit which I have gained will be credited to PNL. So, in the last session, we had done 2 cases wherein we had dealt with abnormal losses and abnormal gain also. Now, there is one more issue involved in process costing that there may be some units which remain as a opening or closing stock at the level of each process. Now, you know that the total cost of the process, let us say 1 lakh, we are dividing it by 95 units because that is the output. But instead of having full output of 95, we may have 3 units which are in process. So, neither they are raw material nor they are fully finished. So, I cannot treat them as 0, I cannot treat them as fully finished units also. That is why I have to convert these units into equivalent units. So, I will look at these 3 units. If I feel that they are 50 percent finished, I will treat them as 1.5 units ready. So, my output will be 95 plus 1.5. Further, what may happen is these 3 units element wise may be fully or partly finished. For example, they may be fully finished as far as material is concerned because generally material is put in at the beginning and then the conversion process starts. So, material wise they may be fully finished, but labor and overhead wise they may be only 50 percent finished. So, for material I take them as equivalent to 3, but for labor I take them as equivalent to 50 percent of 3 that is 1.5. This was the concept of equivalent production which we discussed towards the end of last session. Are you getting me? So now, we will start with a case on that equivalent production and then we will go to operation costing, a little bit discussion on operation costing. Now, let us look at the case on equivalent production. Now, here you can see that from the following data, we are required to calculate the equivalent output and the value of finished goods and the work in progress is given. So, as far as the opening work in progress is concerned, the percentage completion is 70 percent, closing work in progress is 65 percent. The units are 8000 and the costs both are given. I hope you are getting what is work in progress. So, this is the output which is not ready and is partly finished at the end of the period. So, you are both out opening and closing WIP. Now, units introduced during the process are 10000, the cost is given 125000, transfer to next process is only 8900. So, I have put in 10, I have sent out 8900, the normal loss is estimated at 10 percent of the total input including units in the process at the beginning. Scrap is realized at 5 per unit and the units scrapped are also 100 percent complete. Now, we have to calculate the number of equivalent units and what is the cost of equivalent units. So, how will you go about? So, for each item like say material labor overheads, we have to look what is the number of units. Let us look at the calculation. So, please make a chart like this with particulars, percentage of work done and output units and the equivalent units. Now, first we start with opening work in progress. It is already given that they were 70 percent complete. That means in the last process itself, last time itself 70 percent of the work was done not in the last process, in the last period say I am in the month of May, then in the month of April 70 percent of these units were anyway ready. So, what I have done is I have only worked 30 percent more that is why on opening work in progress and completed, I take the percentage work done as only 70, the number of units are given as 800, so 800 into 30, 70 is done, 30 percent more was done in the current period. So, 800 into 30, so equivalent units are 240, get it? Now, new units which are started and completed, we as you do not know how much was completed, but you know that the total output is 8900, so of 8900, 800 must have been from opening work in progress, so remaining might be started and completed. Let us also look at the normal loss, normal loss it is very clearly given that it is to be estimated at 10 percent of total input including the units in process at the beginning. So, the total input is 10000, units in the beginning is 800, so 10000 plus 800 into 10 percent, so 10 percent of that that is 1080, closing work in progress is given as 1000, it is also mentioned that it is 65 percent complete, so 1000 into 65 percent, so I get 650. Now, I will also have to calculate the abnormal loss, now abnormal loss units calculation you can see that opening work in progress was 800, units introduced is 10000, the normal loss is 10800, so expected output was 9720, you are getting me, so 10000 plus 800 minus 1080, so if I would have fully finished that, I should have expected output of 9720, closing work in progress which is again given is 1000, so out of 9720, 1000 units are incomplete, so expected output after reducing work in progress becomes 8720, so 8720 units must have been finished for transfer to next process, but actually transferred units are given to be only 8900, I am sorry here there is a small mistake, so 8900 units have been transferred, so I get abnormal loss as minus 170, in other words there is no abnormal loss, really speaking there is a abnormal gain, so whereas I expect the output of 8720, I have got output of 8900, so in other words there is a abnormal gain of 180, now let us go up, here there is one mistake also with the units started and completed, you know that the total output is 8900, of that 800 is from opening WIP, so remaining 8100 must be from the current output, so I will just show the calculation for more clarity, total output is 8900 minus 800, so the units which were newly put in and completed comes to 8100 and there is a abnormal gain, there is no abnormal loss as such and this abnormal gain we have just now calculated is to the tune of 180, now let us look at the output and the percentages, so of the total production 800 was the opening WIP, we have worked only 30 percent on it, so equivalent units are 240, started and completed there are 8100 units which are all fresh raw material introduced fully complete, so they are 100 percent, so I get equivalent output as 8100, normal loss is 1080, 10 percent of input plus opening WIP, I will put a dash because no work can be taken as it, even if it was given that units scrapped are 100 percent complete, we do not take in the equivalent output because they are to be charged to the customer, so we have to take it as nil only, closing WIP is 1065 percent complete, so equivalent output is 650 and abnormal gain is 180, so here we have shown the required calculation, so 800 units opening plus 8100 completed minus a loss of 1800 minus 1000 minus abnormal gain, you will get a output of here I will make a small change because there is a abnormal gain, now there is no abnormal loss, so total output minus 180 that is 10800 is the total which I get, are you waiting me, so what is more important is I take a sum of equivalent production which is 88110, I will just take it here, this will be easier I think for you to understand to simply take abnormal gain as a negative figure because there is no loss actually we have gain, so total output is 10800, but equivalent output is 97, now I think it is more correct, so equivalent output is 8810, are you getting me, so this is the concept of abnormal loss and gain which is now with equivalent production, so partly finished goods also we have accounted for, now we will do one more case on this, so that there is more clarity in the next session, but right now look at one more aspect about product costing, we have already dealt with process and job costing, but the similar fundamentals can also be used in service industry, though most of our discussion was on production or manufacturing industries, the similar concepts can be also used in service industry, wherein we call it as a operation costing, so you know that process costing is for mass produced goods which are identical in nature, same way on large scale services, the costing method used is known as operation costing, can you name some industries where it is a large scale identical services, say railways, so railways all the passengers are being carried and they are being provided same type of service, there may be classes like you may have a sleeper class, third AC, second AC, first AC and so on, but within the sleeper class all the customers are same, that is why there is no need to make a separate calculation for each customer, just like process costing we can take the total cost divided by number of customer, same way for the carriage of goods, the unit is on number of kgs carried, there is no need for a separate calculation for each kg, are you getting me, so in case of passenger as well as goods transport, you can use operation costing, any other industry you can think of, it is a mass scale, large scale service like electricity, like telephone, so for each unit of electricity you can get the total cost of electricity distribution divided by number of units distributed, you will get cost per unit, this is the way operation costing can be used, as against this for professional and specialized services, we have already dealt with we use job costing, can you give one or two examples, in case of a doctor or a chartered accountant or for a customized software, these are specific services or professional services, so here you cannot take total cost and divided by number of customers, because each customer is unique in nature, you have to make a separate job cost sheet for the customer, so for such services job costing is appropriate, but for a mass scale, large scale services we use a costing method known as operation costing, so let us do one more some on the concept of equivalent production, as we have already discussed what happens is in process accounts, the calculation of cost per unit is essentially based on total cost upon number of units, so we do not get data on per unit like in job costing, so we are taking the total cost for a period and averaging it out to know the cost per unit, now whenever the units are partly complete, you cannot add a fully complete unit to partly complete unit, hence partly completed units need to be converted to equivalent number of full units, that is where we need to calculate equivalent production, we have already seen one sum, so we will do one more sum, I think then the concept will become even more clear to you, so let us see the sum, so from the following details calculate the equivalent production units and the value of finished production and WIP, the normal loss is estimated at 10 percent of the total input including the units in process in the beginning, opening WIP percentage completion is given to be 80 percent, 1500 units and the cost is 25,000, closing WIP the percentage completion is 60 percent and the number of units are 1100, units introduced during the process is 22,000 at a cost of 2,20,000 that is it is you can see around 10 rupees per unit, the units which are transferred to next process are 15,000, direct labor and overhead costs are 2,80,000, the normal loss is estimated at 10 percent which was anyway given above and units scrapped are 100 percent complete, so now we have to calculate the number of equivalent units and also the cost per unit, so how will you go ahead, what do you suggest, just think over a bit. Now, various data on equivalent production is given, so first we have to calculate how much will be the equivalent output for work in progress, closing stock, normal abnormal loss or gain etcetera, so before the cost calculation actually let us go to calculation of normal or abnormal loss, so you can see the opening WIP is 1500 units introduced are 22,000, so we calculate the normal loss at 2,3,5,0 I hope you remember how we are doing, we are taking opening WIP plus units introduced, so 23,500 10 percent of that, so 2,3,5,0 expected output will be 23,500 minus 2,3,5,0 which comes to 2,1,1,5,0 closing stock is 1,1,0,0 expected output, so expected output to be transferred I will just increase the size for more clarity, so total expected output is 21,500 of that 1,1,0,0 is in the closing WIP, so it is semi-finished, so the output which is completed and transferred becomes 20,050 the output which is actually transferred is only 15,000, so we expected output of 20,050 the actual output is 15, so difference is bound to be abnormal loss, so 5,050 is the units of abnormal loss it is clear to you, now let us go to understanding and calculation of equivalent production for the same, so now we will see we have to look at the percentage completion during this particular period for each of the lots separately, first we have a lot of opening WIP which is last time semi-finished goods which are now completed, you know that they were 80 percent complete in the beginning, so we have only done 20 percent more work on it, total number of units are 1500, so 1500 at 20 percent we get 300 as equivalent units, then there are units which are newly started and completed, we know that the total output expected was 20,050, so of 20,050, 1500 are the units which are in the nature of opening stock being completed and transferred, so out of 20,050, 1500 will come from the opening units remaining that is 18,550 are newly units entered and to be completed of this 2,3,5,0 is a normal loss, we have already calculated 1100 is a closing stock and abnormal units are 5500, so now we apply the percentages, so 60 percent is a percentage completion for closing stock, you can go back and check opening stock was 80 and closing stock is 60, so in this period we have done 60 percent work on it, unit started and completed we take at 100 percent, normal loss we take at 0 percent because that cost is to be charged to the customer, so in case of normal loss we do not take any percentage as equivalent production, closing stock is 60 percent abnormal loss is 100 percent, so you can see that the equivalent units are calculated for each of them, it is clear, now let us go for actual cost calculations, so here are the cost calculations, I have tried to make a small process account for your clarity, so in process account the opening work in progress, it was given above that 1500 units charge is 25000, so that has been retained 1500 units at 25000, next the cost given is the cost of units introduced 22000 units at 2200, so here I will add the number of units, so 22000 units the cost is 2200, this is our direct material cost, am I correct next is it is given that direct labor and overhead cost are 28000, so that is already accounted here, now let us go to credit side I will add the headings for more clarity, so this is particulars these are the units and these are rupees or the amount, same thing on the other side I hope everyone is getting the picture clear, so now we have seen the cost side, total cost is coming to I have taken the sum of these three items, the cost consist of opening WIP that is the semi finish units as they were there in the beginning plus direct material was added plus labor and overheads was added, so if you take the sum of all these the total cost comes to 525000, now before going to credit side we need to calculate the cost per unit which is our main requirement for calculating the cost of finish goods, so the total cost is 525000, here you should keep in mind that we are going to divide by number of equivalent units and not number of total units, number of total units may be more, but we are looking at number of equivalent units you can see this chart of equivalent production, so I will make a small change before we go ahead because what has happened is 300 where the opening units which were entered the completed units as you know are 20500 minus 1500 this was the expected completion, actual completion is less because of abnormal loss and that abnormal loss of 5500 is accounted for doubt, so total cost is 525000 we divided by equivalent output which is 24500, so I get cost per equivalent unit, so filec 25500 divided by number of equivalent units we get 21.37, everyone is getting, now let us go to the credit side, on credit side first item we have taken is normal loss we will go to the chart you know that out of the units some units are bound to be lost and that percentage was given at 10 percent, so we have already calculated this I will write in full for more clarity, this is normal loss 2350, normal loss is not charged anywhere because it is to be charged to the customer, so we take its value as 0, then we have abnormal loss we know that abnormal loss was calculated at 5050, it is 100 percent completion, so equivalent units are also 5050 multiplied by the rate I get 107, 950 the rate used is this 21.37, then closing work in progress in case of closing work in progress there are 1100 units but they are only 60 percent complete, so we will take it as 660, so closing work in progress taken as 660 equivalent units charged at the rate 21, so we get 14000, this is the stock of work in progress in hand at the end of the period. Now I have written two transfers, why two transfers because one 300 if you go up you will realize that this 300 was the opening units transferred got it plus units which were newly introduced and transferred, so total units if you take some now you will find that there is some difference, why is this difference can you tell me is it correct or there is some mistake there is a mistake, so that you clearly understand what is happening if you find the difference you will realize that 3410 is a difference, now from where this is coming because units which are newly introduced and transferred have been slightly overstated, actual units transferred if you know the production of the process was 15000 of that 1500 units where from the opening stock, so how much units are transferred 15000 minus 1500, so I will need to correct here I hope everyone is getting it right is it correct because 15000 units have come out of that 1500 units are these units, so units which are completed and transferred should be 13500, now normal loss is anyway lost, so there is no need to account closing WIP comes to 1100 as was given and abnormal loss also we have already calculated, now you will see the rate had changed are you getting me I was just seeing whether you are able to locate the difference I hope now the things are clear, so I will just go back, so normal loss 2350 at 0 abnormal loss 5050 at 13500 closing WIP 660 at 17 at 26 rupees it comes to 17760, transferred units 300 and another transferred units are not 18500, but they are 13550, are you getting what is happening, so out of 1500 units in the beginning 22000 were newly added, so we have 23500 units of this the normal loss abnormal loss closing stock these two transfers means this is transfer from opening WIP for more clarity and this is, so in full if you see this is the output newly introduced and transferred, so total of 15000 is now categorized into two categories, now take a look at calculation of abnormal units to see that all units are properly accounted, so our opening stock was 1500 units introduced was 22000 normal loss, so if you take a sum here we have 233500 units of that 2350 were lost where to be lost, so you get expected output or normal output of 21550 of that 110 is a closing stock, so you have 20500 of this 15000 was transferred and 5050 remains as a abnormal loss, so everything is accounted now, now we will try to look at the equivalent units, we have got a normal loss which is 2350 accounted as nil abnormal loss 5050 100 percent complete and we are accounting it at 26 rupees closing stock it is 1100 units, but we are looking at equivalent units which are 660 transfer from opening WIP, so what has happened is opening units have been introduced and transferred, so we have accounted it at 300 only then output which is newly put in and transferred 13500 it comes to 363750, now look at the difference, so you will realize that now these two sums are exactly matching are you getting what has been done, so I hope now you have fully understood exactly how this accounting is done, why is this difference 1640, actually this difference because these units are equivalent units whereas these units are actual units, so there is bound to be some difference if you want to ensure that there is no difference I will just add one more column, so that you do not feel that we are doing something which is not correct, so abnormal loss there is no question of equivalent units sorry normal loss, abnormal loss also we will account for all the units in case of closing WIP number of units are 1100, here it is opening WIP units transferred are 1500 and 13500 are the actual units which are newly introduced and transferred, so we get a sum of 23500 these are the actual units whereas these are the equivalent units are you getting me or there is any doubt, now if we add one more column for units then we are looking at equivalent units on this side also, but actually on this side there is no need to go for equivalent units, so we can delete it you can just be sure that actual units column is telling and the accounting is done based on the equivalent units, so we will remove this difference I hope now the things are clear to you, now so here is how we understand that how using the concept of equivalent production we are doing the accounting, now let us try to go into new area if process costing is more or less clear to you we will go for the next module, this next module is on a very interesting theme that is known as activity based costing. You very clearly understand activity based costing you will have to slightly go back and remember the traditional way of doing the costing because activity based costing is giving an alternative to the traditional cost accounting system, so in traditional cost accounting system if you remember we followed some steps, step number one was allocation, so total cost were divided into direct and indirect, direct cost were directly charged indirect cost were charged to were taken as a common pool, next step was apportionment here the indirect cost were apportion to cost centers, third step was reapportionment, so service cost centers cost were charged to production cost centers, fourth step was absorption here indirect cost which are collected at cost centers were charged to products and then we did under or over absorption, so you will see that all the cost are first collected at cost center level and all the indirect cost especially direct cost are charged to the products, but indirect cost are first collected at cost center and through cost center they are charged to products. In activity based costing we try to identify cost drivers, so that based on the activity or based on the function they serve the cost can be charged directly to the products, now let us see actually what is being done and we will also try to solve some cases on the same. So, here we are starting with our next module on activity based costing, this presentation include these things we will first start with concept of ABC, then we will compare the traditional with the activity based costing, we will look at the treatment of cost under ABC steps, the benefits and limitations of ABC, we will also discussed about activity based management and its relationship with activity based costing. Now, you all know that it is very important that we arrive at a correct cost, whether it is product, whether it is process, whether it is a project, it is very important that company knows what is the cost, it is incurring for the same, because we can identify money makers and money users, we can find an economic break even, then it facilitates the opportunities for cost control, it permits the comparison of different options and it enables strategic decisions, so strategic decisions like company may want to automate a process, it may want to outsource, so various types of decisions can be taken based on the cost information. Now, as I just now discussed that there is a problem with overhead absorption, because direct cost can be charged directly, but indirect cost do not have a direct linkage to product, so we will have to route it through something, for that various methods are used. The most simplistic method is plant wise overhead rate, slightly more sophisticated and giving more details is departmental overhead rates and even more advanced form is activity based costing, earlier we have discussed department wise overhead rates, today we are going to go into deep of activity based costing, plant wise rates anyway are too simple, so normally no company uses the method of plant wise overhead rates. Now, let us try to understand exactly what this is, I hope you remember what is absorption, so in absorption essentially we have some cost and we are trying to charge it to products, very very simpler way is get the total cost for the plant and get a plant wise rate, so as you can see here plant overhead rate is the plant overhead cost divided by machine hours, so if you have the factory let us say you have got 10 types of overhead cost which may include rent, it may include security, plant manager, salary, indirect material, helper's wages and so on, all these overhead costs are simply added and an appropriate base is chosen, I have assumed machine hour is a good base, so the total cost for plant is collected and it is simply divided by machine hours, so we get machine hour rate, so whatever product passes through the plant or produced in a plant based on the machine hours consume for that product, we go on charging that product. Now, this is too simplistic method, it does not categorize the plant into cost centers or the departments, so we do not have any way to control the cost at each department, secondly certain departments may have more cost some other departments may have less cost, but we have one common rate, we are charging all only on that rate, in departmental overhead rate system there is more sophistication, so if you have total rent, we cannot charge it to the product, but we can apportion it to the departments, so the total plant rate is first apportion to the departments, total plant manager salary is apportion to the department based on time, may be rent is apportion based on the area used, we may have storage cost or maintenance cost, they may be charged to the departments as per the services they consume, so we get the total overhead cost for the department and then divided by machine hours in that department, so we get departmental overhead rate, so here you can see department D 1 overhead rate, so overhead apportion upon machine hours, so like that if you have say four departments D 1, D 2, D 3, D 4 for each department there will be a rate and any product passing through D 1 will be charged with the for those hours in D 1, then if it goes to D 2 it will be charged for D 2, it will then it goes to D 3 it will be charged for D 3 and if it goes out it will not be charged for D 4, in plant wise rate one lump sum rate was there, in departmental rates we have rate for each department, so departmental rate slightly an improvement over plant wise rate, but still it is not giving enough details because all costs have to be routed through departments, in activity based costing an attempt is made to identify the cost drivers, so that cost can be directly charged to the product, now let us see how that will be done, so ABC is a costing system which focuses on activities performed to produce the products, it relates the cost to work accomplished, so costs are the resources consumed they are consumed for some work, so we try to see that this cost is for what and try to directly link it to the product through cost drivers, now it is a tool which enables to management for better allocation of resources, ABC or cost unit goal is a benchmark that represents an expectation of cost incurred, it aligns the cost to output, so cost visibility increases, so we know that this cost is for this particular thing and it is useful for forecasting financial baselines also, now again let us look at how we move from a traditional system to ABC, in traditional system all the overhead costs are allocated apportion to cost centers, through cost centers they go to objects that is cost units or the products, in ABC the total resources are consumed which are consumed are traced by the cost drivers, so resources are linked to the activity that for what the resources being done and through activity drivers they are charged to objects that is product services customers and so on, so we have two sets of cost drivers, one are the resource drivers where we know we try to link resources to activity and then your activity drivers which try to link activities to objects, so this is more sophisticated system than traditional costing it requires more details, so basic premises are that cost objects consume activities and activities consume resources, so this consumption of resources is what drives the cost because no resource will come for free, so we have to pay for the resource, so we have to incur some cost, now if we try to understand this relationship it will be very good because we can link then the cost better to the products, now in ABC the products are assigned to overhead cost that are supposed to be related to the allocation base, so various cost like non manufacturing cost, manufacturing cost, plant wise rates these are all used in ABC, so we will stop for this session, so today what we have discussed is first we started with the concept of equivalent production which we had already done in the last session but today done we have done a case on it, then we have gone into understanding of ABC, in next sessions we will do some cases and practical sums on ABC then I think it will be more clear to you, thank you so much.


Is that dead? Did it die? Died of starvation? Oh balls! Are the other ones okay? Ah! We've lost another one! Episode 4? Wow! I'm impressed. You did give yourself a pat on the back. You know, you're doing amazing things here. So welcome to, uh, Planet Zoo, where we're continuing our amazing park. Um, so the gamers came out now, and somebody, uh, uh, come up with his name It's like the lead sound dude on, uh, Planet Zoo. But he really liked my nettle patch that I have here. The only thing I need to do now is make a pathway so people walk through it so they get all, uh, prickled. So there's been a few things changed. As you can see, there's a lot over here that's changed. Um, I decided I kind of revealed this, um, because I tunneled down, and you can easy, um, if you go into rain, go into this. I mean, I haven't got to really set that much, but you can easy sort of build over the path, which is awesome. And I'm just going to, you know, get some money back, and maybe I don't want to do that. I used my African theme to make a maintenance area, so, um, people can, at least, my workers can now get to these areas a lot quicker. Um, and we're just going to, well, actually, before we click play, I spent hours. I don't even, like, it was definitely hours on this enclosure. And it's so weak, because it kind of, it looks okay. Like, for the amount of hours I spent on it, you'd be like, really? But it was mainly just getting the underwater bit where the rocks sort of look nice. So you've got, like, a slighty bit there, and they're a bit stepped there, and they sort of, that's where the hippo would go in. Oh, sorry, yes. We're going to have hippos. Not just any hippos. Pygmy hippos. So look forward to that. But then I was like, what I wanted to do, oh my God, what I wanted to do was just have this path sort of go down on the floor. But I couldn't find a way to do it.  You see it like this kind of does. This goes down a little bit of a steep one. But I don't know. I just had so many problems that you can see here. Like, this is what, you know, has had to happen. And I think it was, I don't know why that, because path, like, if a fence is made, and it just makes everything so much harder. Like, if you've made the exhibit and then you try to make the path, it's now an impossible. You want to make the path first and then the exhibit. So I went around about this the wrong way, definitely. But look, we got like a little place where you can view a deep, what it's going to be. And then I thought, you know what, let's neaten this up. So I just spent ages putting loads of these barriers. They're only, in fact, oh God, they're only, oh, I'm scrolling out. It's not working. Imagine those. And then I've done it a billion times. I've only done it on that side. I've done it on the left side. But I've only gone up to about halfway. So I still need to do the other side. And kind of what I'm thinking, because if we go into construction, there's definitely logs. Yeah, you see this? So what we could do is have an entrance to the area. So if we just see that. And then, but then you wouldn't see. I think we have to make our own. We could probably make a wall here.  So you're entering into this, I don't know, you know, closed area. They would look really cool. And I made this hill. I was like, that, you know what? Yeah, that'll do. I'll make a hill here. That looks nice. And then from there, you go over over to this place. Because every zoo has to have an obligatory flamingo exhibit that always looks kind of similar. You've got the chain link fence. Unfortunately, again, I'm terrible with paths. So we've got this weird bit here. Oh, what the heck? Is that okay? I think I did that wrong. I just want to, no, okay. I want to go and delete path. And I just want to delete. Okay. I just want to delete this one. I want to delete the one I've just made. Oh, delete this. See, we're learning. We're learning. And you guys can just play. And then you guys can bestow. That's the word I'm looking for. Any knowledge that you've got also, hold on. Hold on. Somebody said, I don't know what the who. Commented it. But that an oddbark is not as cute as a tree kangaroo. And I just want to say, you're wrong. Does a tree kangaroo have a cute snout like that? Can we splice in some live action footage that I captured of our own oddbark? Is a tree kangaroo cute as that? No, jury's out. It's not. I mean, jury's in. There you go. It's not. So we're going to flamingos here. We do have a little problem with the oddbarks that now they're overcrowded. As you can see, they are merging together to make a two-headed oddbark. This is the kind of thing that you don't see in any other zoo. I want to put it in this one just because there's nothing in there at the moment. I wanted to put some saltwater crocodile. I think if I'm going to have, you know, another enclosure that looks like this, this took so much friggin work. And I think I'm just, I can't change this. This has to stay the same way. So, yeah, now if we go into animal trading there, I mean, I've been looking for pygmies. So let's see if there are any pygmies. There's a male. 122! Gimme! I'm sorry. I just jump on it. If I see it, I jump on it because you never see males. So if we delete the filter options, because this game's released, I mean, you've seen in the first episode and stuff when I've been looking, it's only paid for stuff. Now if we filter, look at that. Look how many oddbarks there are. 10,000! Jesus! This is, and that's just page one, and that's oddbarks. You remember, there's only two. Oh my God, yeah. There's a lot of oddbarks. So, yeah, that's because everyone else is now playing it. So I'm kind of glad that I got the animals I wanted to. I mean, you can search, but it does seem the cash options, there's only two, and people always just buy them instantly. So we'll click play. Now we'll go into animal trading. We'll go into animal storage, and this is where we have. So this is, I don't even know, this is the male. I hope this is big enough for him. I really don't have any idea. It should say where they're from, actually. Ooh, don't put them in the oddbark. I hope there's enough space. And, ooh, we can, this is 001. Okay, we can move that flamingo. I think you can highlight multiples at the same time. They're in, they're in. So we've got two males and two females in here. Um, a lot of these are, ooh, what's this? The animal cannot be exchanged after purchase. Okay, well, I'm not wanting to, so, uh, yeah, super quiet to snare. They've got, there's a lot of fights going on in here. Did one die? I think we've got two males and one female. Good news is, if you go to the rage, yeah, that's, that's the baba. Now, the male, I don't want to start any weird thing going on here. The dude's his own father or something, uncle, something like that, I don't know. But anyway, we're going to pause this, because apparently these guys are definitely not happy. And it's to do with social. Oh, never mind, there is not enough space. Now, is that to do with the mountains? Let's, let's have a look. Does the mountain, huh? Okay, the mountain doesn't seem, you know what? I like the mountain look like that. That's much better. No, it's not, I'll put you in there. Everything else is kind of okay, though. It just needs some enrichment. Um, we've got some flamingos coming here. I wonder if this bit, if we can turn this into an enclosure. Oh no, I didn't expect the pygmy, pygmy hippo. It's a pygmy for God's sake, it's tiny. I didn't think it would need that much space. Okay, you know what? We're going to emergency, bring it into this area and see how it does. Okay, watch me work and redo and make this one a kind of exhibit where it's half flooded. Oh, it's so beautiful. That's all I wanted. Why was the other one so hard? 20 minutes later, I think I made it. All right, it's not too bad, really. I'm thinking also out here we could have some facilities as well. Some drinks and burgers and all that jazz. I have, I think I've recalled them both. They should, they should be moved? Cancel them, yeah, they're being moved. So that's 28% of space, right? And I don't know exactly how much that is. Oh, they do have a maid, though. That's, that's interesting. And they do look adorable. We have to say, they do look adorable. We'll have to find something else that will go in here. Also the birds? I think they should be, oh, the most appealing of the pygmy hippos? What?  I guess you could wipe at the same time, eh? That's something. You're not the baby, you're the baby. I think it's time to move you, move. You can go in with the pygmy hippos, right? Wait, what? Why is there a flamingo in here? Why are there loads of flamingos? What the heck? Animal has a sca- how did they escape? What? Screw this, I'm gonna put the oddbuck in there. Oh, okay, the flamingos have- Oh, God, he just shot him. Okay, well, that's fine. Did they climb out? But they couldn't have climbed out, right? Oh, right, okay. Oh, they're already on top of Pride's Rock. I deliberately put that in there. Maybe I'll put some other feature as well, maybe we need to make the walls higher. Oh, thank you. Social group? The two few adults and juveniles in animal social groups. Okay, well, never mind. Oh, that's why we're having a problem.  Oh, I didn't realize, we'll delete that. Oh, my God, okay. All right, crisis averted. I think we've done it. Can I change the terrain? Oh, I don't think I can. Hold on, let's just- There you go. And then if we go into here and then boom, yeah! Not bad, not bad. So, we found out what the arrow was. Whoa, did she just grab it from- How'd she do that? Okay, well, I don't know who this is. This is the greater flamingo. Oh, look at him, he's a good one. I bought that guy. I assume these guys would be okay. Social grouping, though. Two few adults, because I think he needs multiples, doesn't he? Ziad!  Now, I think there's actually a fact that hippos can't technically swim. They can either float or they can sink. Um, I could be wrong. Cancel move, okay. So, they're on the way. Okay, how's the oddbog doing? Nope, oddbog's fine. He just- Just chuck him in there as well, he'll be fine. Oh, dear. So, I need to just check to see if the flamingos are okay. Oh, God, we got strikes? I'm just doing this. Look, they need more soil and a little less rock. I don't know where the rock is. Oh, no, they need more rock and less soil. They can't, like, get them. And how about these guys? Did the protesters go away? Yeah, yeah, that's right. Bugger off, yeah. Find somewhere else to be annoyed at. Uh, they don't- they don't care for grass at all. Um, in fact, they- yeah, they definitely want more sound. And I'm happy to oblige. I don't really care about grass. There we go. Flamingo land. Oh, and if anybody's in the UK, that's a place. You probably know of it. So, you have to click a wall that's not joining. And this will be pygmy hippo alert. What's wrong with it? No! Oh, he's gone. Goodbye, oddbog. Okay, guys, give me a second. Let's make this all pretty. Right, that is another 20 minutes spent just trying to get this to look a little bit better. And I realize I'm spending too much time, uh, like, not doing anything. Meaning that this video is probably barely 10 minutes long and I've already spent an hour on it. But we do have the food troughs. Um, I don't know. Like, hold on, hold on, hold on. You gotta have water cleanliness, right? Oh, oh, there's dirty water there. Oh, that's no good. Facilities, um, water. Yeah, we need, we need a water pump. Kind of forgot completely about that because we haven't really been dealing with anywhere that's, uh, that's needed water. Um, as long as we do that. Yep. Let's place that. Okay. Right, now we need a path to go to it. This is, like, sometimes right. Like, for whatever reason, I can't connect. Now, I don't know if that's because of the fence. Like, this fence might be, uh, hey! Don't touch the fence! Okay, okay. See, see how jagged that is, right? That's a corner. Let's add that and then delete. And there you go, it's smoothed it out, see? If my camera skills are, uh, just as amazing. Right, okay. Now, oh god, okay, give me a second, guys. I'm gonna have to now then go into the workload, work zone error, change everything. Actually, to be fair, that wasn't that bad. What, why is nothing here is moving? What? He looks so... Oh god, now he looks evil. His eyes closed, he looks so content. Oh, okay, guys. I'm gonna save this and we're gonna jump back in. That's so weird. Oh, hold on! Hold on, one's moving. They're moving! They're all moving. Oh, okay. Oh, well, one's kind of walking on spot, but this looks like it could be... Are you drowning? Okay, well, anyway, two disease animals discovered! What? Themba? Your boy Themba's got a disease. Oh god. Uh, why? Oh god, why is it shaking? Themba and a bison. Themba has been boxed for too long. Okay, why is he boxed? Good god, release him. I have no idea why Themba was boxed. Oh, what? You kidding me? I've just moved one, you've made another baby?  Oh, seven percent, six percent, eight percent. Oh, he was stressed because of the other animal. The other oddbark. Okay, there we go. There we go. Look at that climb! Yeah! Quarantine passed, ready to leave. Oh, okay. Right then. Um, I didn't realize I put you in quarantine. Were you the diseased animal? Plop you in the... No!  I'm gonna move and put you in there. There we go. There we go. There we go. We've got caretakers, work four, work four, work one, work one. No, we don't. Okay. Um, energy's super low.  This one's a keeper. They're probably working on loads of different enclosures. That's why. Um, they're also incredibly tired. Where are they? Vet should be on work four, just because it covers everything. Now, let's have a look. Are people really that fussed about the pump being there? Ooh, a little bit.  But luckily, they kind of don't walk too near it. Now I can cover it up, I suppose. I might do that. I'll, yeah, I'll definitely do that. I'll definitely cover it up. Or else we've got many guests think tickets are underpriced. When you say that, and then I put the ticket price up, and then you go, Yeah, it's too expensive. There you go. How about that? Research. Yes, we need to research on flamingos and stuff. Oh, the bison's done. There you have it. Okay, so we've got one vet. Um, let's look at the hippos. Let's research hippos. So I'm pretty sure flamingos are kind of okay. Right, so we should have vets coming over. I feel like social group. Ooh, social group. Too few adults and juvenile animals to social. Well, hmm. That, it would help if you, you know, had some babies, made some friends. If this one would get out the fricking, Oh, right. Okay. Did that cost a thousand? I've got 26 grand. Whoa, ready? And I was going to say, can I, do I have to cancel? Look at the art box. He's so cute. Oh God, losing frames. Cancel move. Right. Oh, the pygmy hippos are in there. Beautiful. Beautiful. Oh God. No, don't zoom in. I'm zooming out. You do it. Ah, she got him. Oh, watch out. Don't let him fall in the water. Right. Okay. We know how to enrich, um, these guys, the art box. We know how to do this. Enrichment. I'm pretty sure they just need a barrel. Oh, there you go. You can bowl it down the cliff. Um, and do they need anything else? They got some food enrichment. I think they need a scratching post. So we could probably put that. Ooh, there's a rock going through the wall. I don't like it. Still too much soil. Okay. What are the piggies? The piggies. What do the hippos think? Uh, not enough rock. Ah, so we can trade the rock for some soil. And to be fair, it's probably going to be like down here, isn't it? Oh, I need some grass long and too much rock.  So, Ardvark, you know what I'm going to do? Because you're not happy. I'm going to plonk you over there. So sorry, buddy. Select. No, no, no, don't select habitat. Select that. And then, whoo-a-boosh. So I'm just going to ignore you for a bit. So sorry. Right, so I'm just going to focus on the hippos. Let's make this place look nicer. Oh, God, the lag. Oh, does it lag if I pause it? Is that better? Oh, you know what it is? If an animal is being transported, I think that's when it lags. So I like the soil being up here. I like that. Now, if I can make some light, some rock smooth. Oh, my God. I'm getting such terrible frames. There we go. I think you've been transported, so that's fine. There we go. Let's get rid of all. He needed a lot of grass. It's almost like it's scaled up, because the amount of grass we had in here is nothing in comparison to the grass in here, yet they wanted loads of it. Oh, my bad. Oops, hold on. Let me just, yeah, put that back. Okay, it's not powered. Oh, God. So if we go into the power, where do we reach to? Oh, no. Okay, well, we need to research more power, I think. But before we do that, let's just go on to facilities. We'll go into power, transformer. Just plunge them together. Boom. So now if we go into here and go into the water. Yes. Awesome. Woohoo. They're all green. Hopefully they turn blue. Can't click off all this. Are you okay? Probably not. Let's not lie. You need, oh, you've got too much grass and not enough soil now. Oh, didoms. He's actually okay. All he needs to do is just that. He's got his water bowl. Um, a food tray. Do they have food trays? No, they have a food bowl. Okay, hold on. Just duplicate that. Put that over there. And then I assume delete that.  But the moment this is, this is just, I'm not worried about this. This is just where we're putting the hardbox because apparently they're repopulating too quickly. Um, but the pygmy hippos, they were the thing that we wanted to focus on. They're hungry. I'm not surprised. Let's pause and find out exactly what they need. Mud bath. Oh, beautiful. They have a lovely mud bath over there. Um, and I'm assuming they need some food enrichment. Oh, that would have worked for them. What's this? Hanging grazer. Oh, that's awesome. Can we put it in the mud bath? How about Pride Rock? All the way up there, my god, can you imagine? I think that's probably, is that enough? That's probably gonna be enough enrichment. Yeah, we've already got a hundred percent. It just hasn't loaded. Um, they need water as well, right?  Whoa, you're old. Are you a female?  You need to have babies. How's the, uh, the female? Is she young? Please tell me I didn't get an old one. Oh, she's very young.  Good. I hope. Anyway, she's not on contraceptives, is she? No, she's not. She is hungry as well, though. Oh, he's drinking from the water anyway. Many guests think the ticket's over. Again? Oh my. Oh, well, if you think so, I'll definitely increase the price. Seventeen dollar. Taxander's car. Indeed. Oh, oh, we got a trotter. All a pooper and a trotter. Oh, goddammit. You going for a mud bath? Are you? Oh, you are.  So what do they like for social? Oh, there can probably be four of them before they start to get unhappy. That's good. That's good. That means we can definitely breed and not have to worry about them for a while. But seeing as we don't need that, sod it. Also, let's make this wall into a windowed wall. We'll go up. We definitely need to have like a donation box, because there's going to be loads of people here. This one over there. We need like the information board. Oh, tell you what, like, oh no, hold on. We do have a transformer here. So maybe display information on pygmy hippos. Pink for hippo. Yeah, we don't know anything about them just yet. We haven't learned anything.  You, oh, get back here. Are you guys hungry? You guys are surely going to be hungry, right? You have no enrichment. Fida and food suitable. Okay. Are they just not hungry? They don't have a- You have a hodge! What you call this? Oh, research is complete. That'll be on the pygmy hippos. In fact, we don't really need to research pygmy hippos. Get the flamingos. We don't even know what those guys like. Oh, the mechanic is researched. That's it. We've completed habitats and barriers. So now, what do we want? Like the thing is, when you start a franchise zoo, you can't make the best things right away. Because you look at all this, you've got power to research, themes to research, shelter and climbing for you. Krista can go on the, uh, that one. And then let's get Daniele on the, you know, the green energy. I think that's probably the best thing to do. Still only have one veterinarian. I don't know why we only have one veterinarian. Oh, I see. And then we can get them working on... Yeah, finish off the hard part. Get the gold medal. Whoa. Oh God, we got protesters. Is that dead? Did it die? Died of starvation? Oh, balls. Are the other ones okay? Oh, no, no, they're not. Why are you not? Why are you cold-feated to have that? Why are you not filling the bowl up? Are you going to die as well? Oh, they're obstructed. That's why they're red. I don't know why it allowed me to place it. Ah, we've lost another one. Oh, no, they're all died. Now, come on. That's not my fault. I didn't realize that they were obstructed.  Now you come in. Oh, no, I can't believe that. I can't believe I lost all of those flamingos. And some of them did cost a fortune. Please tell me you got a male and a female left. Damn it, two females. Oh, no. Like, if I was to go now, if I go into animal trading. No, it's glitched out. Oh, for God's sake.  Okay, okay. We need to get Nazir. Uh, there he is. There he is. Adopt. Move them. Get in here. Whoo. I'll take some of the blame in thinking that maybe this could have worked. And it just obviously didn't. Oh, my God. It's been a rollercoaster of a ride. Oh, they need more coverage. Perfect, because I haven't put any plans. I've got the rocks. I've got the terrain. I just haven't got any plans. There you go. Just ignore the smell of death. That's fine. Also, um, yeah. Can we call over a mechanic to this place? Because I don't like how there's holes. That's not good, is it? Would you go to a zoo and seeing this? Yeah, it's fine. Don't worry about it. It's cool. It's all right. Oh, yeah. Also, we have like a crud ton of baby bison now. I forgot to mention that. We've just got loads of them. I think there's four babies. So, oh no, it tossed his kettle ball. Richmond, there you go. There you go. And we'll reset you as well. There's a lot of poop. How's the ardvark doing? Ardvark, okay. Perfect. Perfectly fine. Uh, ardvark's in here. Baby will be fine until it grows up, and then it'll be a pain in the arse. And this guy is super old. I think she is moony. Oh no, she's almost gonna die. 24 years old, though. Where are the babies? Babies take ages to get to maturity. I thought it might have been in that grass. Oh, there they are. Yeah, they take a while to get to maturity, these little komodos. Six years and still hasn't reached adulthood.  Holy crud. Until, until I've made my park and I've got everything to have things assigned to different work zones doesn't make much sense because I may as well just as soon as I build things, add it to that. That research done. Is that in flamingos? Right, how is the flamingos doing? Social group. They need more, I think. Yeah, they're still in the low spectrum. They need a little bit more.  Please tell me you've recognized you've got a hard shelter. Thank you.  Oh, look at that, they're on one leg. That's so good. I love it. Uh, but they do need enrichment. So let's see, have we researched anything for enrichment for them? A herb scent market? And this is part of the genius of Planet Zoo. Is that you can just make anything. Instead of, oh, you need a football? How about you put a football on a thing? You can do that, I think. I think, although I have yet to see. Um, then eat out of it. So that's interesting. So I think we're gonna end it here. It's been an hour and a half, but for you guys, it's probably only been maybe half an hour, I think. But we've done a lot. We have an empty place here, unfortunately. I'll just quickly check the temperature of our animals. Pick was one pygmy hippo there. Where's the other? Oh, you can get heat from rocks? Wow, I didn't even realize that. Uh, disease animal discovered by vet. Wait, they've got diseases? Call vet to quarantine. They both need quarantining. Oh dear. See ya. Hopefully we've got a big enough quarantine place to put them all. Two animals have died. No! It's a lot- Wait, that- Murni is alive, what you're talking about? She looks awesome. She is the healthiest I've ever seen her. Oh, nope, there you go. You were like the first animal I ever got. 24 years in loving memory. Can I get a plaque? You did great. Now be eaten by the others. Right, not you. You must be the young one. You're male. Ah. We could probably release you to the wild and get some conservation points. Send animal to trade. Send to release animal to wild. We get conservation status, so they're not very endangered, but we get 249. There we go. We've released you to the wild. Woohoo. Yeah, that's awesome. We did it, guys. We finally were doing what zoos are supposed to do. Oh, we got a little bit more for the flamingo. The art box's done. There we go. Research. Ooh, there you go. Research that. We got active disease. Ellen, I'm pulling you off that.  I'll tell you what, Ellen is also going to be getting an upgrade. It's just freaking amazing. Promotions all round. Oh, they're perfectly fine. Anymore rock and space is perfectly fine as well. Yeah, people told me that, yeah, bison's like to have big open areas. And I know that, trust me. I just got too carried away with the mountains. Okay, I couldn't help it. Look at him go. They're so cute with their little nubs for horns. There is poop everywhere though. So that's the thing. Oh, and he's also, oh my God, he's adding to the pile. They should have like for an April Fools, all your animals poop like five times as much. That'd be a really good April Fools. So yeah, I mean, you can kind of tell where parts of the park have been done. Like if you just saw this, like this bit here, you'd be like, yep, that's done. This bit of course has not been done. This whole area has not been done. And I want to do something with this as well. Put some shops underground, some other exhibits like the, we've never, we haven't actually got any exhibits like these things. Some of those, this of course needs all reworking. Cover this area up so you can walk down and maybe you can see a crocodile. Oh God, that doesn't look good. It's sparking. It's okay. But there is no command for me. So yeah, right. Hopefully the mechanic takes care of that.  The hippos are back. So that's good. Hopefully they're all disease free. And until next time, if you've enjoyed this video, leave a like and I'll see you later. Oh buh-bye.


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