And I do apologize. It's Kale? Well, it's Kale. Kale. Kale. Kale. Because we, I think we called you Kale for three years. I apologize for that. I'm so sorry.  And we're with Mahesh. Kale. Kale. Kale. The incomparable Mahesh Kale. Kale. Who we just, we just were blessed to see live. Yes, we were. A few minutes ago. You are our first, second technically, our first Indian kind of concert was with the Ustad Jusque Hussein. But he was with a guy playing like a cello. Yeah, there were no vocalists. You are our first ever Indian classical concert. Yeah. And it was, I don't know if there's, it felt kind of like a three-hour reaction because I felt how I do after reactions almost speechless because you don't need me to tell you this. You're really talented. But Mahesh is currently doing a United States tour. You're first, correct? Yes. I mean performed in many places. Right. I haven't been on an extended time on the road, so to say. Yeah. I've always wanted to know why not. Yes. And so I will put the link in the description below so you can go buy tickets because you absolutely need to buy tickets to go see this wonderful, wonderful concert. What is, well first, before I were on that subject, what are the differences between an Indian audience in India and like an audience in the United States? What would be the big differences, if any? Not many differences. Some differences because there is anticipation of familiarity for the Indian audiences and then there is anticipation of mysticism for the Western audience because they don't know what to expect. They are ready to go somewhere they don't know but they know they are probably going to feel good while these are visitors that have been to the city a few times before that they know we want to go there and there and there so when the anticipation is relinquished they feel good versus in the West when people are coming for the first time they feel like they are more kind of trying to see where they are going to be headed to. Yeah. Is each concert different in many ways or in small ways or a little bit of both? Many ways. Many ways. You know the same river doesn't flow twice. We don't breathe the same air twice so Indian classical music is very spontaneous it's like you cannot decide what you will crave to eat a month after so it's just in the moment. So I like to surrender myself to the moment and whatever inspires me I go and start singing. Yeah. So you have an insane range. Oh my goodness. We didn't really understand it. We got to hear it tonight but at least we think we heard the full range. And I'm not a musician Rick is a musician so what would your range actually be if you know in terms of like... We will think about that in terms of western. You probably can sing bass and tenor. I don't want to sound philosophically but I think it is my range is enough to experience but not enough to express. Oh wow. But note for note because our only understanding would be in western understandings of that the notes I heard you singing would be within the range of what's a bass would hit and they would also be in the range that a tenor would hit. Yeah I mean I was trained to do a full three octaves. There you go. That's what I can do. Yeah. But it's something to hold not to display. Right. I don't always... It's nice sometimes I like oh let's go low today that's what I felt like today. Right. Partially because this is the third concert of the weekend and my voice has taken a beating. I'm sure. And it naturally lends itself to the lower registers then. Yeah. I mean obviously we know Indian musicians in general all of them start very young in terms of when they start training. Did you start like as a wee wee child as well? You know I don't know. Yes I mean I've been told I sang my first song when I was three years old but it's mostly like you know it's beautiful with music and it's very close.  You know the baby learns the language just as sounds and after they actually learn the words they start deciphering what those sounds actually mean until then the sounds are just associations. So I have started to learn music since it was just an association to me. Yeah. And then once you start learning the language and the grammar that association starts making a little more sense. Yeah. That's basically how it was. Yes I started young. My mother was a singer. She was a homemaker but she was very passionate about singing. When me and my elder brother were both teenagers is when she actually decided to get into a master's program and get her degree in music. That's how passionate she was. So I was very fortunate to be growing up around music all the time. Yeah. I know a lot of Indians are way more familiar with Indian classical music than we are or most people are in the West. I have a question about that in a second but the main question I have is I was reading that when you were growing up and you were a disciple if I mispronounce the name please forgive me of Pandit Jitendra Abhisheki and that I've heard it described as a Gurukul-like setting. Yeah. What exactly is that? You wouldn't even know what that means in terms of the setting you grew up in and studied.  It's like an internship when there is no clock in or clock out time. I got you. So it's an absorbing all of the time. See until then what happens usually like many other things you do you look at music as a thing that you want to conquer and achieve and then you put a schedule around it you say I'm going to do it twice a week I'm going to do twice a week and every day and twice a day but in a Gurukul you are suspended in a way that music surrounds you when you are sleeping. It is with you the whole time whether you are consciously doing it or not. So you do it enough amount of time when you are awake that when you go to sleep the subconscious mind starts doing it on its own and hence you get into a 24 hour cycle. So in a way, in the Gurukul you actually learn music as a way of life not as a subject to conquer. Right. I think Ustaji said something. He did say something about the instrument itself. He's not the master.  But he's definitely a master. Very masterful. We know that you've done work with him. Yes. I'm very lucky to have worked with him a few times. The concert that we just saw you were speaking mostly in Marathi, correct? I'm sorry. No, that's fine. Don't be pleased. It's part of my question. And so obviously any time you talked I didn't really understand what you were saying and people were laughing, people were clapping at times but then when the music started I could understand what you were saying for the most part, right? Do you think music is like the universal language? Oh absolutely. As long as all human beings irrespective of their geography their privilege, their background laugh when they feel the same way cry when they feel sorrow jump when they feel elated I think the bottom line is always going to be the same for all of us. It is one language that we understand even if we did not know it that is what I feel about music because you could see that there were different age groups and they are from different places in India also here but there was kind of a unison in response of how nobody laughed and why everyone else was crying everyone was elated at the same time and that's the bottom line I think music is a wonderful equalizer and brings to me all living beings on the same platform. One of the things I loved about the concert was how much you had us the audience involved where we were singing with you and we had to respond and not just because that's an entertaining thing but because it evidences how much it means to you to have people involved and you said a beautiful thing during the concert you encouraged people to sing because they had messed it up and you said so you said, yeah, no that wasn't good but then you said get perfect joy with an imperfect melody for us and everyone in the West who doesn't fully understand the depth of what it means to you for us to understand Indian music what's some of the most important things you'd want us to know about Indian classical music for people who don't know anything about it what are some of the most important things for you for us to take away from it I think it's the purest impression of the breath in the sound arena it's more introspective I mean I might be singing loudly doing a bunch of things but it brings me an acute sense of calm inside I mean I am there with you I'm making all of you sing and indulging with all of you but in a different plane I'm flying and I think it's empowering and humbling both at the same time and you know by and large in the way that the world is turning and changing so many of us are trying to look for happiness all around us and indulging so much that we forget that all the happiness that needs to be is all inside us and I think music is such a simple and a beautiful path go to that inward journey and if it gives me that much joy and if me singing and having joy gives people around joy it's what a wonderful world absolutely, absolutely that's a good segue into the question I had and I've asked another musician this how do you see music when you're reading it or when you hear it for the first time how do you see it in your head well it's different sometimes it's just all white and pure and there's nothing you feel like you're drenched in the rain it's like a breeze that washes off of you or sometimes there's an absolute sense of calm to a place where it is so quiet that the sound of silence is what is most enamoring does that also translate into what I understand about Indian classical music is that the moments in between the notes are more important often than the notes themselves including the silences yes it's not only what but how you sing certain I mean it's the shape of the notes not just the position of the notes so I love to blend it's like building a sculpture in the air using the notes that's a great analogy it's actually another good segue into my next question you are very expressive with your hands while you sing more than others in terms of maybe this is why are you directing the music like how to come out like when you're pointing it goes like that when you're doing I forget what it's called but that thing you're spinning your hands is that just part of your training but one I don't know that I'm doing all that thank you very much but you know so again at the risk of sounding philosophical please do you know the mind is what is playing your body as an instrument where the lead is being taken by your voice and then it all comes together with your body so it's almost like my hands my gestures are the accompanying instruments to my voice and my mind or my soul is playing this whole instrument together so just like you have the drums and the melody accompanist I think somehow my hands and my face are trying to accompany the music that flows through my voice would it be comparable say to an electric guitarist makes facial expressions while they play so it's just the physical accompaniment happening through the expression there's a beautiful scene in the movie Avatar where he goes and so it's like that once your mind attaches to your body and it just flows and when it flows you don't know which way the breeze is going to sway you but you let it because it's the most beautiful thing to experience I go unhindered if you talked to me off stage I'm a little reserved but on stage I just feel possessed and I'm allowed I have a personal question because I saw this on your website about who you've worked with you worked with Pedro Eustach I know Pedro so when did you get to work? I was in LA there's something called grand performances where they block out the down now and they have different bands so we were part of this if I remember it correctly Raga Jazz or something Paul was on it there was cellist, there was a piano player there was a drummer and then there was Pedro and I bonded with Pedro because he has learned with Hariji for a little while and I love how he surrenders to the instrument that's something that we have in common and he's a very sweet kind, open what's wonderful we've interviewed quite a few not maybe not quite a few but a couple amazing playback singers or classical Indian singers and like Chakraborty or people like that and people get mad at us when we don't ask them to sing on camera I'm not asking you to sing right now I'll get mad if you did it's not the three hours of time you've done enough singing but apparently it's like very normal to ask Indian classical singers to perform for you right off the bat but also I saw it in your concert like you'll be just talking and then you'll go straight into music or like it felt like you just got on you just came into the venue and you started singing is your voice just always ready to go? it goes back to the training where I said that music is a way of life you know the musical concert starts from the time you leave your home or whatever place to go for the venue the breath that you breathe in with the consciousness of I'm going to the concert is actually where the concert begins and that's where your subconscious brain starts understanding things I don't know them but I would like to believe that's how it happens so and it's like a play field you're playing ball you don't need to warm up to play catch you just throw the ball you catch and then throw back and you catch that's what music is for well from what I know of like western singers they need like tea they need like lemon water we have particular regimens that they go with I love this musical lot Andhra Pocheli I love love his voice Josh Groban they're all wonderful so they are beautiful singers you know this is only a passage right the music comes from a deeper place within what you're going to drink or eat is not going to reach there you're just going to make sure that you condition your body so that whatever has to flow through flow through unhindered and of course we have some Ayurvedic I'm actually having an Ayurvedic tablet right now which has some turmeric, some cinnamon and concoction of certain different herbs I like to have it because I think it makes me salivate and keeps on making me hydrated but I don't think I have a regime I I might be an engineer and you would like to believe that I have an algorithmic life but I'm very spontaneous my body knows what I want before I actually know or somehow I get on the stage and for us musicians working we didn't sing I think in fact that's the first time we sang that track together you saw how spontaneously we were getting it it's just you know sometimes we think control is very empowering I think surrender is more empowering than that and I love to surrender to music take me wherever it can which is the nature I understand of Indian classical music itself is the improvisational aspect of it the other thing that's very obvious and is beautiful as part of the experience is the fact that the only word I can figure out and this is probably the word is there's an auspiciousness to the way you are on the platform on the stage where you are shoeless or sockless and you are cross-legged and we found that to be pretty much the case across the board with all classical musicians that they tend to not we're in the west there's a lot of standing and I've been directed before to not be sitting because you can slouch but I know you've been trained and is that coming from a place of respect for the music, respect for God respect for your instrument you know if you went to a temple I know you guys went to India a few years ago if you went to a temple when you meet the gods, when you pray them you're not supposed to leave without sitting and just respecting and observing your respect to them I think the sitting comes from that background when you sit with music you're actually praying for the higher divine power to intervene and flow through you and for that you sit you surrender you allow everything that has to and that only happens in worship and in worship there is surrender so that cross legged position is I volunteer myself for the music to flow through that is the way I look at it and sockless because we don't wear shoes in the temple so to me the moment the drones, Tampura starts playing my accompanists are in their places the stage transforms into a temple and we observe the same kind of decorum we would in the temple yeah we've seen you also as a playback singer in I apologize I do not know the Marathi name I do not know the Marathi name the one with here I'll teach you Katyaar Karozat Karozat Karozat I will not remember that Goosley Goosley I like that word he'll take Goosley out of that Goosley like Bruce Lee Goosley Goosley that's like the only Marathi word I know I think Goosley we need to know friend though because we know friend in Hindi and Bengali but what would be Mitra Mitra are you saying that but anyways obviously on that movie I'm not going to say it again what is there any difference in playback singing verses obviously yes there is I'll tell you the difference you know live music is kind of playing a sports game where you start scoring from zero every single time you actually sing and singing in the studio is like drawing a painting you can redraw you can change and only when you think it is ready you actually put it for display that is what recorded music is so it's a very different kind of a ballgame recording versus a performing life yeah I just want to make sure we're respectful on time how we're doing questions I just have a final statement that I want to just thank you for about the concert before we go do we want to speed round do you want to have any other yeah we'll do a rapid fire really quick here okay with a slow musician rapid fire with a slow musician you were doing that really fast at the intermission we were outside drinking some chai and hanging out I need you to teach me was he singing what do you call I apologize it's called Don Don faster pushes right yeah the fastest which it's the same mechanism of western vibrato yes it's just a lot faster it sounds awesome and you do a lot in like one breath too right yeah yeah it's crazy you know it's like when I was a kid I'm sure you must have done it also when you're a kid you're trying to jump from the stairs and you're jumping because you want to get there you don't essentially count the number of stairs that you go to me when I'm doing those portions it's not about how long I can do but it's how far I want to go and sometimes I go there and sometimes I don't but it's okay that's awesome anyways rapid fire you're on coffee with Karan right now we have a hamper coffee or chai chai when I have a set schedule and coffee when I'm traveling all right thing you miss most when you're away from India when I'm away from India well food folks thank you miss most when you're away from the United States my wife thoughts on winning an Oscar for natu natu right answer favorite marathi food favorite marathi food has to be hands down varan bhat and katsure chi bhaji which is dal and rice and potatoes fried stir fried in a certain way sounds like my Bengali wife she's like yeah that sounds wonderful is it spicy it's spicy but not spiciest it's spicy for me I have white boy disease favorite style of music other than classical it's very hard to choose I'll tell you why when I was going to UCSB I did middle eastern ensemble then I did jazz and popular music and all of this I love to nibble a little bit of food that's how I feel about all non classical genres rap rap has something we call it laikari the syncopation of the beats it's a beautiful thing it's kind of like a kaleidoscope where all shapes have to make sense and then they change and they change and they have to make sense again and they have to sound beautiful favorite western singer or a few favorite Indian actor favorite Indian actor favorite Indian actor Shahrukh besides yourself who is the greatest Indian singer oh give me a three it's got to be my Guruji I can't see anything beyond my Guruji he's got to be I mean he's I don't think I can compare anyone to him because the way I feel about him even when he's not singing is so musical he's like very musical but there are too many I can't name three but if there have to be three Bhimsen Joshi Ji hmm how long can you hold your breath do you know no I well I don't you don't hold your breath well you have great breath support I use my breath to go as far as I want so like when you're swimming you don't ask your wife to time you I favorite Indian movie favorite in besides your movie favorite Indian movie Indian industry you'd be surprised but I like Munna Bhai MBBS a lot we haven't seen it yet I loved the comedies but I also like I loved Wednesday Nassir and I also love the typical Shahrukh Khan movies I love Amil Khan movies I love to it's sad that I haven't gone to watch too many movies lately I only am able to watch movies when I'm flying across and I'm not able to complete because I'm always sleeping and last where can people in the United States go to buy tickets to your concert can that be done through your website yes yeah yeah I don't know the exact description it'll be in the description don't worry did you want to say something I just wanted to say just as a closing point that you had mentioned a few moments ago about the atmosphere in the world that we live in right now and how the atmosphere in the concerts is so wonderful because you don't see in the world right now a lot of unity and kindness and that is the one thing even though we don't speak Marathi and that was what everyone was speaking there was a unity of everyone involved experiencing the same emotions being in the moment with you knowing what you were doing and what the instruments were doing with you was just in the moment and aside from the beauty of the artistry one of the most beautiful takeaways from this is to have experienced three hours of humanity being unified and at peace and focusing on higher things and appreciating beautiful things that was one of the most unexpected and beautiful things about the concert tonight so thank you for that I can't say anything as pretty as that thank you so much you can just say Mahesh Kare and Katyaar Karzad Kusli Kusli how do you say Mithra goodbye in Marathi is there a word you don't say goodbye let me see you again let me say something funny in Marathi anything silly anything silly you want me to say something silly he would like to know something silly in Marathi that he can say or vulgar okay I'll tell you something it's like a very village kind of what do you want to say what do you want to say what do you want to say what do you want to say there you go he's gonna he will rememberize that and he'll do it in intro so thank you thank you so much


So my name is Julien Bobrov, I'm a physicist, a French physicist, as you can guess from my accent, and I'm working nearby Paris at the Paris-Saclay University, and I'm a professor there. I think we have a real issue in trying to reconnect science and the real world, and especially in front of the environmental crisis. Nowadays, from my point of view at least, science labs are a little bit disconnected, detached from real life, and especially from nature. And our students, our children, are increasingly looking for a meaning and a way to face the environmental crisis. So we have somehow to reconnect both and to show them that science can indeed be helpful to better understand the world and trying to find new solutions. When we say locus tools, we really mean locus. So it would be, I don't know, like a piece of food like that or a piece of paper or a ruler, everything that you already have in your classroom basically. The only expensive tool we add in that story is the smartphone, because smartphone is of course very expensive, but most of teenagers have them already in their pocket. So we consider it as a fake locus tools. So with all these very basic tools, we can do a lot of physics in fact. For example, the smartphone contains a lot of sensors. You can measure acceleration, you can measure magnetic field, you can measure light. So you can do a lot of experiments with your smartphone. Let me perhaps give you a live experiment with that. Even not with the sensors, but with the camera. Just using the camera of your smartphone, I'm going to show you how you can do low cost physics. So this is my smartphone. I hope you see it well here. I'm going to turn it upside down so that you can see it. And I'm just going to add a drop of water on my camera. So my camera is here and I'm putting a drop of water here. So now it's completely unfocused. And here I have created a low cost microscope. Look at that. If I'm putting, let me put, I don't know, like a flower or something like that nearby. Now I have a microscope integrated in my smartphone. I can do it with a bill like that and I can see all the details. And if I put a ruler, I now have a scale integrated to my smartphone and I can measure one millimeter scale. And so just like that, I have transformed my smartphone into a microscope, which can take pictures, which can take movies. And then I can go outside. I can just shoot the real world and then do physics and science from that. So you see that low cost tools really mean tools you have in your pocket and which allow you to do physics wherever you want. So we have been using smartphones for years now and also many colleagues all around the world.  And I think one thing which is very clear from the studies we've done is that smartphones had the engagement of the students. They get more fun. They get more engaged in the process. And also one key aspect we found in our teachings is not the low cost tools or smartphones themselves, but the fact that they allow you to go outside of the classroom, outside of the lab room. So now you can go, I don't know, in the schoolyard or you can go in the street and you can measure real life stuff. And that's a key aspect in these teachings that really transforms the way students see science. Now they understand that science can be all around them, not just in a lab room, environment or setup. OK, so if you want to use a smartphone, first you have to download free apps. And there are many free apps all around the world which are created by universities themselves. For example, there is Firefox or Physic, which are very good apps, which allow you to use all these sensors which are already in your smartphones. Also with my team, we have developed many free resources and you can find all of them here in this low cost web link as you see. And for example, one resource you will find just to give you an example is what we called the smartphone physics challenge. So the smartphone physics challenge, we propose you to measure the height of a building, any building, for example, the school itself, with your smartphone. And we found 61 ways to do it, different ways to do it. And so we propose you all these ways and we helped you understand how to use them with your own students. I think I see low cost tools as an amazing opportunity to renew the way we teach science, to renew our pedagogy, and also to make it more meaningful, to make it also more creative, more engaging. And that's true for the students, but for the teachers as well. I mean, it's really more fun to get outside and just to measure things around you. Let me give you a very practical example. Recently, we brought our own students in the forest and we stayed there for one day in the forest and we asked them to measure whatever they wanted. I don't know the insects, the wind, the trees, et cetera, et cetera. And so that they could understand the forest in this low cost approach. And that really opened new ways for us to teach and also to empower them to show them that they can act on their environment, that they can understand it better, that they can address real issues. And I think that would be a key aspect in the future of studying science, trying to show our children, our students, that science can help them act facing the present challenges. So if you're indeed confronting that policy of no mobile phone, a load, I would say try to make an exception. Try to negotiate with everyone around and telling them that you're going to do science and you're going to use smartphone in a smart way. And that's what we do usually in France. We try to negotiate in schools to have an exception to that policy. The other solution is to use tablets like iPads, which also have many sensors embedded. But I think the best way is trying to tell your superiors that in your course, the smartphone will be used in a smart way. And so you have to negotiate for two facts. First using the smartphone and then being allowed to go outside.


The Kogi State House of Assembly ordered the closure of the Dangote Cement Factory in Obajana after its investigation into the cement factory's operation, allegedly revealing that no valid acquisition took place for the company. Jablain T'yuth, who claimed that the company had neglected the community they are making billions from. Despite the fact that residents are dying from illness as a result of pollution, troops of the company on hearing the news of the closure and chased workers away, but were stopped by Kogi officials who promptly waited in to avoid damage. The commissioner for information in the state, Kingsley Fanwall, who are a respondent journalist question said that the legislators had invited the chairman of the company, Aliko Dangote, before the House for explanations, but he failed to appear before the state assembly, which left the state's government with no choice but to give effect to such resolution from the House and the interest of peace and security of the state and to avoid anarchy or breakdown of law and order.


All right, if you see big bright lights, you can be in one of two places, either the studio or the football ground. We're in the studio today. Arjun Pandit is to my right, Ishwak Ahmed to my left, and I'm Siddhantani. This is for 20 grams and we're talking news again. I League specifically and the controversial game between Real Kashmir and Minerva Punjab, which was supposed to be held on Feb 18th in Srinagar. Now, if you remember, Minerva Punjab decided not to travel to Srinagar for that game, citing security concerns and which sparked off a chain of events. Of course, legal proceedings were initiated because this is a tournament that's been scheduled in advance and they have commitments to go and play these matches. The home team, Real Kashmir, maintained that and also the AIFF maintained that the situation on the ground was in fact conducive to playing football. However, the second team did not show up. Now, yesterday, in a complete U-turn, the All India Football Federation has sided with Minerva Punjab. They have said that the match will now be given in light of the prevalent situation and circumstances in the country and in Kashmir in particular, will be replayed anytime after March 6th at a venue that's feasible for the AIFF and for both the clubs involved. I know you guys are here. We'll keep you waiting for a couple of minutes because... Time to speak on this, though. We did a little bit of fact-finding before we started this conversation. So, we've spoken to Shameem Mehraj, who is the owner of Real Kashmir FC. We've spoken to Ranjit Bajaj, who runs Minerva Punjab FC. And of course, we've spoken to Sunandodhar, the CEO of the iLeague and a senior functionary of the All India Football Federation. So, let's hear them basically summarize or react to the order or the decision that was passed yesterday. It's just vindication for us that, in fact, the first people to accept our stand were the security forces who first cancelled the second division match immediately after our match. And then, immediately after that, Real Kashmir also kind of agreed with our stand because they themselves said, please postpone the match to Delhi or East Bengal. So, their counter-argument being that... And the third now vindication is by the executive committee who says the same thing that even though Minerva Punjab asked for written assurances and all they wanted was some written assurance from the home team, it was not provided to them. So, all along, we've been just saying that if we had got some security assurances, we would have gone, which we got, we didn't get anything. So, I'm going into a place where we don't feel safe, it's not right for my players, as simple as that. We feel very vindicated. And I think all this could have been avoided if, I think in the beginning, they wouldn't have, Real Kashmir wouldn't have made, and yes, they wouldn't have made an eco issue. Because it's not going to be an eco year.  But on the 28th, when East Bengal's match was there, then it was not normal. That is true. How can you say 14th was the attack? And that means if 17th was our match, we were supposed to be there on the 15th. And we were supposed to practice on the 16th and do a press conference on the 16th as well. And that is one day before the match. And 14th, the attack happened, 15th, the whole Minerva was closed, the airport was closed, everything was closed. How are we supposed to get there? It was a beautiful 17th. Yes. Then because they hadn't booked the tickets. AFC. AFC, yes. That's okay, it's a, you know, they are at the end of the Champions Club. Yes. And this is the least we can do to accommodate colleagues. They say, okay, you do it on 18th. But then first it was about, you know, not playing as a tribute to soldiers. So, you know, respect. Then it went to a different tangent. Then it went to something else.  Yeah, picking on individual players and their social media accounts and this and that. Yes. And, you know, that's what we told them. So, we are ready to play. We'll be very happy to play, but only in front of our home court. Why should we, we denied this voice? Although we have lost the title only because we played away. So we don't want to, you know, finish that way. We want to end it here. I mean, that's the least we owe to the fans. So, Sandeep and I both have conveyed to them. If he's told, yes, just follow the rulebook. If they follow the rulebook, there is no, you know, condition for a rematch. It's very clear. Why did they force us to go to the field then? Why did the match, the minister asked us to wear the uniform. Why did he check the lineup? Why did, you know, then the referee shook our hand at the end. But again, our purpose for God, we want to play, not politicize it. Yeah. Or, you know, go into name calling and stuff. So we are there to play. We are not into pulling anyone down. We believe our purpose in Kashmir is higher. We play to be. I mean, the love that you have got from Kashmir, from the rest of the country. It's unprecedented. So we just want to, you know, build on it. Build on it and keep that sort of positive environment going for your club and for your fans and everybody. You know, this is impacting also, obviously, Lone Star and who are playing. In fact, in football in Kashmir, that is the most tragic part. We've taken Lone Star to the lead in Turkey. It has taken two clubs a humongous effort, hopefully, and it's worth the right football and see that. And I'm proud to say today that across country, we've got the highest home game attendance.  It has a very negative effect on the team. Teams are turning up. You know, it's not how it is supposed to be tomorrow. We may also complete. We're not going to play, but that's not how it is. We've got so much love across India, from Kerala to Kolkata, you know. And even when we played East Bengal, you know, we had about 200 fans there. There are about 400 fans at the end of the game. Everyone hurt each other. Yeah, that I believe is the real football, the message there. So that way it's quite negative. But again, we should not lose the fact that whatever someone else may be doing will affect football in Kashmir. And that's why I hope that the airs are also understand that we should not become hostage to someone's whims and fancies. Okay, so that's an unsurprising set of reactions, I guess. What do you think is the U-turn of the AFF? Well, I used to think that when a team came to the field, everything was going as per the rules and I think the match commissioner on match referee report must have been that a team didn't come to the ground. So I think it should have been a straightforward decision. There were some such things in the past when we were talking. The most important thing is that we were talking about 18 feb earlier. When everything, even the match commissioner, everyone was there and the conditions were also worthy of playing. And at least they did pass. Exactly. Whether it was worthy or not, but the people who pass are clear. So later on, what exactly has happened later on? So as Sunandho must have explained to you, we will hear him saying more about it. And so let's, in fact, why don't we just do that? Let's go to Sunandho for a minute where he's actually explaining the process that the AFF went through. The thing is that obviously we were following the regulations and the regulations stated that the match commissioner's report and the LOC, that is the host team and the host association's report, if they say that the situation is conducive to hold the match, we'll go ahead with the match. And our people were there, match day minus three. And they were there, they roamed around, they spoke to the local administration and everyone assured that the match can go ahead as per schedule. And that was informed to Minar Baba Punjab. So as far as we were concerned, the new assets, the match was on schedule on 18th and Minar Baba did turn up. The matter was referred to the league committee. The league committee met both the clubs, both the clubs' version. And then the league committee felt that this is a decision because as per the regulations, if a team doesn't arrive, there's Article 22C, which, you know, a team can be taken out from the tournament for this particular year and also for the next year. And so the committee felt that whether that could be too harsh sentence, given the situation out there. Right. So they said that it's better that this matter is referred to the executive committee. Right. Since the executive committee wasn't due to meet anytime soon and we wanted a decision as early as possible, the executive committee felt that by circulation among the emergency committee members we can reach a conclusion. Emergency committee members felt that, yes, the match could have happened as per the reports that we have with us, but given the special situation that was there, the sensitive nature of the situation that was there. And since we want to make football a political out here, hmm, it's better we don't have, it's better that we have the match sometime later. Right. So the whole sort of politicization of this, of the situation seem to have come from one party, which is the visiting team in this case. And it seems like with this, all the decision making there will be no repercussions on that side for politicizing the whole scenario. Is that? Well, the thing is that obviously it was a special scenario. We have, we have in the past used Article 22C only once. Right. Remember 2012 when Mohan Bagan had moved out, refused to continue in the second half, 32C was implemented and then we went through a long arbitration process and it was proved that AI was correct there also. So, but the situation out here was definitely different than what it was there. And the ground realities were different. And I think that was what the emergency committee looked into. And they took their calls. In fact, the Delhi High Court also, also sort of heard this matter, but said that the court was not, is not really required to intervene in this scenario and the AFF is best positioned to intervene with it. In a situation where the visiting club did not come, they also said that we won't go to play the match. If you want to take our three-uncle, then take it. That time he said that. I don't know if he said it or not. The statement that he gave, he clearly wrote that we are not doing a match forfeit. We are just saying that it is not safe for our players to go there. No, sir. If you get a tweet on social media or not, because I remember that time we had shown him about it, he also said that if you want to take three-uncle from us, then take it because for us, security is more important than a league or a match or three points. I also heard that. So the conversation went off into many different directions. This was also the most difficult thing. If you take the issue of security and only talk about it, then it's okay. Maybe you can agree on that. But with security, then that thing went somewhere else. Where did it go? A lot of places. I think there are some players who have come with it. And when we talked to Ranjeet, the same question that you were talking about on social media isn't that in fact politicizing football and doesn't that have repercussions then based on how global sports bodies, what their rules are? I mean, as we were saying, if you score a player's goal and he gets his shirt off, and there is a message written on his banner, anything, then action is taken against him. Similarly, if a club does that, whether the club's owner is on their personal handle or the club's own handle, then first let's see what Ranjeet had to say about this. Not from Minarwa, only from me. It's a very different thing. Football is my passion because my job is something else. My job comes first before my passion. Passion is a very small thing. My job is that I train the Indian Armed Forces. In fact, one of my students this year itself in January has lost his life in the same place in Kulwama. So this is a thing which is very, very close to my heart and all my views. So typical time of football is a different thing that I don't have my personal view. And my personal views are very strong and I'm allowed to express them. No, no, that's fair enough. So why wouldn't you just leave it at that we don't have to play there? You take your point and do whatever it takes. No, that was a mostly different issue. I never said if you don't want to play at that we won't play them there. That the issue was that somebody who's trying to say that I want to play for the country and on the other side is loving Pakistan is not going to be okay with me. That was the issue. That was a different issue than not wanting to play them. Yeah, that's why a lot of these issues got... Also, it's been touching on a pleasure. We won't have much of an invitation to come. Fair enough. Yeah. We were there for two weeks. That's the different thing. We were the only ones to play. So that doesn't come back. We didn't want to go there. We went there even for an invitation to come. So I reached to the bathroom. The point there was security and that was my personal view because this is my job. I do it for a living and that's what we do. We know why is that's what it is. Business, football, that's what I show. So I'm wearing that on my back. We've been making our courses. That's what the problem is. It's not going to be right now. All people... And it is also my thing. Not even one step to see. We are not going to have 50 accounts. So I don't want people saying that this to get to two different things. Fair enough. They are different things. But yet, even when you are tweeting from your personal account, you are saying that you are saying that Minerva Punjab is not going. Or it's not okay with this. So are you, for example, concerned about any repercussions about these kind of political statements from AFC or FIFA or anybody? No, not at all. This is the kind of thing that... This is where the country is on the rise of two different opinions. And where some people think that this is okay. Whether some people think it's not okay. I don't think it is okay. And every other out there are people saying that. We are a very, very nationalist club. If you want to comment that. And we play for our country. My club is open because I wanted to use players from my country. And somebody who says that I love Pakistan and I love Pakistan. It is not okay for me to have a play for the country. And that is my personal view. It's my right to have a play for the country. See, I don't really like personal point of view. Because I am very attached to the club. Yeah.  Yeah, so it's not. I never had a play. So I'm not going to be political. I mean, sometimes political and say, okay, this is not... I shouldn't be controversial or I shouldn't say that. I should say the right things at this time. No, it's not what I want. And that's right. It's just that I'm not going to be able to just talk to myself because people think it's not right. See, I'm going to stress my opinions. Some people sometimes think the opinions of themselves. But I'm still allowed to have my opinions. Absolutely. So I have to give Ranjeet the credit he's due because one thing is true that he doesn't mince his words. What he has to say, heart and sleeve, passion, whatever he says, he says it. And it doesn't matter who he is against, who he is with, who he is with. Brother, before coming to this show today, I have fought with my parents. I said it in anger. That doesn't mean that I'm right. Heart and my sleeve and passion aren't with me, are they? So saying it and saying it's intent is a very different thing. Okay. Now what is this nationalist club? And you're saying I am tweeting from my handle and you're saying my club is not tweeting this. Yeah, I'm sorry. And first you have to give due credit to him that he doesn't ignore you when you call up for these kinds of conversations.  I am saying I don't agree with that stance one bit because at the end of the day, you're the owner of that club. And if you're projecting yourself as the owner of the club, how are you putting out political messages if you're getting fined for putting up something under your jersey? And honestly, the problem is not with him. He committed a mistake. But he's not taking the risk of making a mistake. So the problem is there, brother. This is the problem. So what Arjun is saying, I will agree to some extent. But see, we said that first, you remember the last chat we said, safety issue is one. Not going because of what has happened there is separate. Safety, we have issue when teams go to play, when Iraq war was there for AFC cup also. I remember he's been solvent and other teams went. And it was very bad situation there. Nobody dare to say we are not going to go there. Even genuinely concerned from players by whether we should talk to each other, brother, what are we going to do? Whether we should go or not, genuine concern. But nobody can say that we are not going to play. Now, nobody from the any club in India have guts to say that we are not going to play there. Even though advisory is there. That means travel advisory is there. Body, AFC means guts to say to AFC. So we are not going to go to represent a continental club championship or something like that. Firmly, ma'am, Mr. Bajaj to some extent, I agree. He felt like that. Players are not safe and all that. Fair decision. Ma'am, I agree there. AIFF is the Federation. They say but they are the parent body. They said they will decide it, they will take call on it. match commissioner according to Rihal Kashmir, they said that checking proper everything happened, match commissioner took match, line-up was done, handshakes were at the end of whatever it was, there was a system of walkover, 7-minute or something like that, I think. So I think that the chapter should be closed No hard feeling, no hard feeling for anyone. Ranjit said, I don't care, I care for my player's safety, fair enough, nobody is taking that from you, Jai's is concerned, then AIFF was right, match is going on, Rihal Kashmir was present there, then comes the rule, what should happen? And if I don't, as there has been passed these kind of things, Orjun will be remembering that Fransa and Air India, where similar kind of thing happened, why did Fransa refuse to play game due to some technical issue with the refereeing and all that, and then may have been said, let's play again. And AIFF, then Air India did it, what should we play? And they gave three points to Air India, so if somebody is telling me that no I feel like it should have been an example set for other clubs. Opportunity lost in that. Yeah, I think this is it, if match commissioner and everybody is there, if security concerns, it's for everybody. Sir, that's what I'm telling you, now it's done, Minerva is nowhere in the title race, Rihal Kashmir's title race was finished in Delhi, right? So at a time when this decision was given, it's not really affecting someone's title championships, but the effect is that Rihal Kashmir is a team that is going to stay in the I-League now. Now for God's sake, something like this happened next season. Team No Lim, I'm not going there. No, no. And if you say that we will take your three points, so what did you do last season? Sorry, sorry. So the precedent that's being said is terrible, but I also just want to say because, of course, Ishwar, I don't need to tell him, but for other people who are not so familiar with Kashmir, who are like Hartaal or Band or whatever, this happens a lot in Srinagar. From 30 years. Yeah, so if it was cleared that I-League matches will be happening in Srinagar, what decision did the Federation make? Like, someone must have come into someone's mind that something like this can happen, there is a possibility. When you do I-League scheduling, you don't think that something as unfortunate as what happened in Pulbama, and its direct feud after days, if there is a match, then the one who is going will think. I am also saying the same, if you are saying security concerns like this, it's okay, but then your parent body doesn't say, it's okay there, our match commissioners and everyone is going.  Like, so I feel that it was probably feasible to go, but what Ranjit Bajaj and his club actually claimed or is actually sometimes I also was a little bit confused what what exact point is it really that this concern is dangerous there or is it like by jo jo yeh hajsa hoa unfortunate uske liye we are with the with their families and with them hum log nahi jaare. So these are two different things. On paper to security. And then it became a it also became a personal attack against Real Kashmir where where Real Kashmir was being asked to issue statements about a terrorist attack where it is not the prerogative of football club to be talking about in fact it goes against all of the rules about making political statements that all sports people athletes etc etc have to stand to then it became a personal attack against one or two players. The best solidary is that both teams come, there is a two minute silent prayer where both teams do ISL teams everywhere. So that is what sports is about that they would have said we stand with everyone together. Both teams, I don't think they deny it or something like that. So if they go there to play, then every time there is any tragedy of the world, there is a big one, now when the year went by, then the match of Jamshedpur was happening, they had two minute silent prayers for them like all across the world. So here also already a lot of ISL teams have their own, the point being that you can honour somebody or somebody's memory or somebody's contribution without trying to score political points for yourself out of it. I agree. That is essentially what we are. So let's take three angles, the end story. So as far as I am concerned, Minerva or Real Kashmir is not there. As far as I am concerned, the people who have decided that you play the game again, having said when we cleared and we gave you a checklist and everything was checked, yet you have been given a chance to earn those three points. So the point is how will Real Kashmir feel now? Forget about Real Kashmir, we can get to that. How will Real Kashmir feel? What impact will it have? We will talk about that later. But the final decision that was taken was taken in the AIFF's emergency committee. So the iLeague committee gave its report and by the way, we also have this and we will play that clip for you right now where Sunand Dhar is saying that according to all the committee reports on Feb 18th, the situation was conducive to playing football. So then why the U-turn then? Why the U-turn then? What have you got to be afraid of then? What is a guy like Sunand Dhar who is not on this emergency committee by the way. The emergency committee has the president and the vice presidents of the AIFF on it. President being Praful Patel and vice presidents whoever they are. So Sunand Dhar is not on this. When a guy who is the CEO, the head of this league is coming in the press and making categorical statements saying that everything was fine according to us. But what is the meaning of that? One week later you are blaming your own person for that. I don't understand that. I think he is saying that we gave the report but the committee has taken the decision. So he is clearly saying that the iLeague committee as a CEO, he was ready that time. So his report is here. But later the committee thought that the report was wrong. No, it is deliberately vaguely worded. Keeping the situation in mind. As you say in Kashmir, by looking at the situation. It happened that what Minerva did, I said that I don't like it but no one. It happened that you say anything in the end of the day. The one who is right or wrong is not seeing anything. According to that, I don't think it will be an unfortunate issue. Sir, it will be going forward to see your reaction. If anything happens, any team can say it. Exactly, that is my point. Next time we will call you to the studio. No, I will give you a situation. We are having second division matches right now. So let's see you might come to know that some of the teams may have refused to come. No, take a look at this match. If you say that this match will not be played in Srinagar, this match will be played in Delhi. Now Minerva has reached Punjab. Referee and Referee have come there. They are ready for handshake. But Real Kashmir said that we are not coming. Our Delhi is not being formed. Whatever reason we are not coming. Now you both will have three rounds and if you have two rounds we will show you the order that you have done here. And even as far as this particular match is concerned, which will be played again because also to remind viewers it will be a super cup. And the final standings of the league will be played on the basis of the super cup qualifiers. So all this has to be resolved before the 15th of March. But we will have this stalemate. And Minerva said that they have to play in Srinagar. So they will only say that they have to play in Srinagar. And then they will come there. They are already feeling that they are hard done by the last match. In Delhi versus East Bengal. And the feeling is that I spoke to a couple of people like they are saying that it was our home ground match so we know how to play on this pitch. For the first time the boys are playing in the narrow stadium and it is a very big stadium. So we got a good advantage to East Bengal. So it's unfortunate but that's how it is right now. So actually we are having all of this conversation and we have information from all the parties involved but we still don't know how it is going to resolve itself. I honestly feel that Real Kashmir will say that if you are not playing in Srinagar then I am not coming wherever you will play. And you take my uncle with you. Even then I am saying that I appreciate them if they were playing in East Bengal at that time. They could have refused. They could have refused. The other things like the situation for Kashmiri team to come out was not a good idea. I think that for any team if they were in such bad conditions then the whole league should have stopped. There shouldn't have been any football anywhere. I think no team should have this kind of attitude that we shouldn't go to play. According to the system we should follow the rule book. We are talking here. The team that the team has refused is getting rematch again. We are talking here. I know. I know. See at the end of the day there are three parties involved. Kashmir, Minerva, AFF. Minerva did whatever he did. He is part of a league but the person who is overseeing the league and the person who is supposed to make sure that the functioning of the league is smooth and proper and so that all parties are taken into consideration I feel that there has been a choke by doing this. You are sure given the three points. The person is saying that I am ready to give three points. I felt exactly they missed the plot by taking a decision. For example, the match won't affect anything now. The best thing would have been Minerva's respect was the best way by whatever Ranjit is claiming. I am national. I don't want to go there. I have done that. They would have taken it. They would have taken it. Good. It would have been better for them. So whatever he is saying he meant that and they shouldn't have any difference. The second part is that real Kashmir gets those three points. And AFF is one group. It means for everyone there is one law for everyone. Exactly. So you are not looking for a place for yourself. I don't think it is enough to take three points. I know what exactly it was. But unfortunately... There should be repercussions for that. But maybe what the AFF could have done is that we have given the three points in this special circumstances because things are the way they are. That we will do. That we... That's what I am saying. If they had taken a decision and their concerns were right they would have taken the decision. Mr. Ranjit what he was saying is like right. His concerns were about safety issues. But at that time we went to the match commissioner. We can't penalize them. But we will show cause them but it should not happen in future. So the bragging point was for everyone. Mr. Ranjit could have said we did what we were told. And we are proud to do that. Because like Ranjit himself is saying now everyone... The great thing about India is that everyone is allowed to have their own point of view. Fair enough you have your own point of view. Agreed. So we agree there. I think the common sense would have prevailed. Exactly. This is not a show. If Real Kashmir got three points. The last three shows in fact we didn't get three points. You people will be favourable. Because we all have to tease you. Three points. So the larger sort of impact of this these proceedings on particularly of course football in general but particularly football in Kashmir I want to talk about because on the 24th two clubs, two iLeague second division clubs Lone Star FC and RIFC were present in Srinagar when they reached the match venue TRC they were told that the security agencies did not have permission from above to allow that match to happen. Now going forward from that other teams who are also slated to play because the second division is also happening on a home and away basis as opposed to playing in a central venue. So other teams are also not going to travel to Kashmir. Next season maybe the AFF is hoping what does it mean? It won't be there. It won't be there. It won't be there. It won't be there. It will be the end of the iLeague next season. So that doesn't mean there will be a difference. Has Kashmir gone or not? How was it? No, it wasn't really a question. But what I am saying is next season and like Ishwak is saying it's been 30 years since this is happening in Kashmir. So what kind of guarantee will you have next year or a month or 6 months that it won't be closed or there won't be an encounter or in some part Kashmir is also a region. It's not like one village. It's a big region. Srinagar is like there is north-kashmir, south-kashmir there is like there is a lot. What guarantee do you have that one day or two days that we will make a window by looking at the iLeague match schedule and two days ago You can't. You can't take that into account. If it's a simple thing that if I am focusing on that match I won't be thinking ahead. There is a repercussion that if you have already done this with Minerva and you have awarded in favour of Minerva then you are just setting yourself up for next season for someone else and do the same thing. And they will turn around and say Bhai, how are we going to do this? Srinagar News is like ninth is a match between Goa FC and Lone Star FC. I have heard as for now match is standing but Goa FC may not come. I will request everyone or my feeling is let's keep sports away from politics. Sports bring people closer. They bridge those gaps despite which community which religion you are from. It heals. I think we should let sports be sports. This is my thing. Yeah, I couldn't have said it any better. I mean sports and politics don't mix but I just feel if you take a look at the three parties involved here that is AFF, Minerva and Kashmir the party where all the glare should be is AFF. Minerva and Kashmir honestly at the end of the day that organization is there to make sure that the right rules and the right format is followed and the smooth functioning of the league is followed in a fair and proper way and the one who wanted to do it you had the chance to set things straight and so that no one follows it in the future. You haven't done it now and I have a feeling that you might face this situation again in the future. That's all.  So if you want to talk big then in that same framework in that same context you can also talk big political things but this blatant what do you call it shouting and shouting especially on social media the long term impact I think there is not much to think about it. Social media honestly speaking we think if your tweet got 1000 retweets put a number on it 3000 people a billion people it's an urban thing it's often on our phones we get used to it we keep looking at it and we feel that because of this one tweet it's getting so big that it's getting worse it's not getting worse Trust me on this even if 5000 people abuse me on social media there are 5000 people if you compare it to the scheme of things if the country is there are 5000 people people abuse you on social media but it's different you are an individual your sphere of responsibility is limited to yourself when you are a football club that sphere of responsibility is vastly greater and maybe today you only have 5000 people following but that doesn't mean that the impact of what you are saying or the weight of we have on our channel some senior journalists who get millions of views on their videos we get a few thousand that doesn't mean that doesn't mean that we can come but that doesn't mean that we can come here and say whatever the hell we want so the same should apply to everyone that applies to every walk of life and you agree we are not against no no no against the decisions what should be what rules should be we are saying that this basically in actual sense because basically what this emergency committee has done is we have taken all the information given to us by our own people our people have given us this information but by disregarding it according to the situation the only question I have the only question I have imagine Real Kashmir had defeated Izmengol then brother so sir wait a minute this decision is also after that match timing is also the subplanned of this decision I am telling you that will also happen when Real Kashmir was out of the title race in the beginning Real Kashmir's stand that match is scheduled they have maintained the same stand Minerva Punjab's stand we need security guarantee otherwise we won't play in Srinagar they are maintaining that's what they said they are maintaining the same stand even now when we talked to Ranjeet he is also saying I will play if I get the guarantee from the security agency that it is safe that's what he is saying we will come back to the same situation again so it looks like there is going to be an orate show but the two clubs have not changed their stand they haven't AFF on the other hand has said one thing and then completely the other thing let's hope that it matches we are not doing an orate show on this man people will not see sir I think the best way to end the show because all the things have happened watch this space for more because this conversation has definitely not come to an end


Welcome folks, we have the Dow Industrial is down 158, Nasdaq is down 75, S&P's are off 26, Gold, Gold Contacts up $7 trading at $1,511 in ounce, we get Silver up 24 cents, $17.76 in ounce, Light Sweet Crude, flat, $52.63 a barrel, notes and bonds, you get the 10 year up 4 ticks, 130, 121, 30 year up 2 ticks, $164.15 in King Dollar, King Dollar up $179 ticks trading out at $99, 153, the euro is at $109, the yen is at $107.17 and the pound is out here at $122 to $1 US dollar. If we take a look at these S&P's out here folks, you talk about volatility, you have it in spades out here, and there's so many different, basically, well, selling is pushing the S&P down. New stories are basically getting this thing to go back and forth 10 to 20 points in a time and about a heartbeat. We just went from a price point of a $29.24 to $2903 and literally a heartbeat and what that's about is that you just had the, our government put slapping visa bans on Chinese officials linked to the mass detention of Muslims in the Jiangxi province, the bottom line is markets looking at this like, okay, you get an escalation of trade tensions and now they're throwing everything else in with it, evidently. This is Mike Pompeo has called us the stain of the century. So bottom line is that they're opening up a lot of different fronts. That and the content, so that came across the tape and that is what just took that S&P down. What is also coming across the tape, okay, is that Powell sees the Federal Reserve expanding their balance sheet, but they are not calling it QE, okay, you can call it anything you want folks who expand your balance sheet, bottom line is QE, what that's all about, what that's going to be all about is that you can see the repo market, they had to extend and pretend inside the repo market, now the bottom line is that they're going to get more money into the system. Take a look at the S&Ps out here, what you have out here, you're still going to potential ABC structure down, and your S&Ps, you have the expansion of volume out here today, we've already done 61 million, yes they only did 60, bottom line is going to make the run for the B point which is 284, 82 right now, you're at 290, 61. Stay right there folks, next 60 minutes straight and coming back and guess what, we have volatility and you can expect that S&P to go jump up and down 10 points at least a few times. Coming right back.


The British people are meeting their problems with a grim program of austerity. Every element of their economy is keyed to a program of industrial expansion, for Great Britain must export or die. Only out of the profits of their manufacturers can the British pay for the food and raw materials which they must import. Moreover, their only hope for attaining a balanced economy is in the building up of their industries. To achieve this, they need help. That's where the Marshall Plan comes in. Denmark, on the other hand, is a food exporting country. But she must import grain and fertilizer if she is to produce a sizable amount of food for export. She must also import other essential products for her home industries. Through the machinery of the Marshall Plan, imports and exports between the participating European nations will be subject to allocation on the basis of need. The margin of requirements that cannot be fulfilled in this way will be supplied from available resources of the United States. Thus, Norway can export fish, also lumber and forest byproducts. She needs ships and other supplies. Sweden, though bearing no scars of the war and having a well-balanced economy, must nevertheless export and import to keep her economy balanced. The Marshall Plan makes the necessary credit available to move such stabilizing trade. Belgium, too, is in rather good shape, but she needs new machinery for her industrial plants and also for her coal mines. The old machinery is inefficient. Synthetic fertilizer is badly needed. But given these basic economic aids, she can pull more than her weight in the European reconstruction program. The Netherlands, before the war, was a great trading nation. With her shipping services and her colonial products, she held a highly important place in world commerce. Today, with her rich colonial trade in the East Indies disrupted, she must adjust her economy and depend more on what she can get out of her own soil and her own industries. France will be able to step up her food production tremendously when she modernizes her agricultural methods. Her industries, too, need to be modernized. But the greatest need of her industries is for coal. Coal from the Tsar region and from western Germany and new transportation equipment are the two vital elements in the economic rehabilitation of France. Political ferment always goes hand in hand with economic troubles. It is hoped that through the workings of the Marshall Plan, politics in France will move away from the dangers of extremism and begin to function with rational give and take. For Italy, we can write the same prescription, modernization of agriculture and industry, and the same hope that when everybody is eating and working, the number of political extremists will be considerably reduced. In Austria, the Soviet Union's exorbitant reparations demands have so far deadlocked all negotiations for a treaty. A treaty would give the Austrian government the necessary power and freedom to unify the country and take part effectively in a European recovery program. Meanwhile, Austria remains economically crippled. Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and Portugal are among the 16 countries which believe that cooperation among free nations leads away from war. Though tiny countries, each can play a strategic role in the overall task of building a solvent economy for Europe. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Albania have become outright satellites of Russia and all stand behind the same iron curtain. We don't know what's cooking there, not cooperation with the rest of Europe. We're sure of that. In Greece, there is civil war to add to the country's misery. Evidence found on captured communist guerrillas proves conclusively that they are receiving aid from Russian satellites. American aid to the government of Greece is intended, frankly, to halt this drive of communist expansion against a helpless nation. It is our hope that the United Nations Security Council will ultimately be empowered to act in this controversy in a manner that will permit the Greek people to determine freely their own political future. But Greece is a highly strategic area in the program of communist expansion. For if Greece becomes a satellite of the Soviet Union, Turkey will be outflanked. Domination of Turkey is an age-old dream of the Russians. For it would mean control of the Bosporus and the Dardanelles, warm water gateways to every sea lane in the world, and a gateway into the Black Sea that the Russians might want to close to certain powers upon occasion. Does the world seem all black with the overlapping shadows of suspicion, animosity, and clashing interests? Yes, World War II is having a long aftermath of misery. There are still hundreds of thousands of displaced persons in dreary camps, pitiful symbols of man's inhumanity to man. Nevertheless, here and there, bits of progress are being made in the long process of putting the world together again. Take Trieste, for example. Trieste, the most bitter point of dispute between Yugoslavia and Italy, has been declared a free territory by the United Nations, who neither Italy nor Yugoslavia is quite happy about the compromise, but how happy would they be if they were slaughtering one another? In the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council, many problems on large and small issues have been brought up for discussion, debate, analysis, and solution. The large issues, for the most part, are still unresolved. But in the Economic and Social Council, where the less dramatic issues come up for handling, much solid constructive work has been done to coordinate the efforts and the resources of the 57 United Nations. Many practical solutions have been found for the everyday problems of international cooperation through such agencies as the World Health Organization, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Food and Agricultural Organization, the International Labor Organization, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, the International Children's Emergency Fund, and others dealing with technical questions of finance, communications, postal regulations, and international aviation. This work doesn't often make the page one headlines, but the fact that it is going on is a point of profound significance. All nations are touchy about their rights and powers. Suspicions are easily aroused. Aggressive tendencies are often cloaked under self-righteous demands for justice. Whether the United Nations organization will ultimately create a democratic world government is a moot question, but this much can be said with certainty. Cooperation among nations generates goodwill. With enough goodwill, there is no human problem which cannot be solved.


Our theory of change attempts to show how the poorest countries can influence international decisions about climate change and these range from everything from UN climate treaties like the Paris Agreement to regional development strategies where nations plan for how they're going to adapt to our changing world. All of these decisions we want the poorest countries to be able to have the most impact possible so we've mapped a theory of what actions they can take to increase that influence. IID has been working with the least developed countries group in the UN climate change negotiations since 2001 and we've drawn on this experience to inform a theory of change that's been evolving through the years. So in 2016 I authored a discussion paper that set this out and asked for feedback from researchers, from government officials, from the general public to shape our thinking. So the feedback I received was very constructive and I highlighted two things. The first was to draw out the importance of some of the theory of change aspects like how important it is that governments coordinate across all branches so that when they're talking about trade, when they're talking about development, when they're talking about security, everybody's talking about climate change. The second thing it showed was some roles that we didn't include and we should really include in our theory like for example the role international NGOs play like IID in supporting the least developed countries. So now we're going to take on board the feedback, we're going to update our theory of change and we're going to use it to inform a strategy for actions IID is going to take from now 2018 until 2020 when the Paris Agreement enters into force and we enter into a new era of international climate action.


So we probably have to wait a bit and find where Dala is Hello, does anyone has a spare keyboard by any chance? You know this is external Mac keyboards, which are so nice to the fingers And I have all the keys we need in Blender. I don't really need it. Just helps We have any What do you need? Is the VG only VG sounds worse. No, okay. It might work Yeah, I think so Yeah, I can even try to make it shorter if you want Okay, try to finish about 25 minutes after two, okay? Okay 24 Perfect, thank you very much. Hello good Good afternoon, everyone I hope you all had a great lunch Sandwiches are really good. It's someone particular This is more like an informal presentation Because the whole idea was not just talked about the Motivew stair 3d feature you're going to be presenting here But actually show a little bit of a demo of how they go from a regular file all the way to your final 3d nice animation And I want to try to make it short so there is room for questions Because I believe there are a few questions. I know some people already are holding on some of them So if you have any question within the demo, you can just wave your hand I wouldn't try to stop and in address that And let's let's do it Uh, do we have internet here just out of curiosity? Uh, okay You do we might not do we do have okay Yeah, we're going to start so just first things first. My name is Dalai Filinto. I'm from Brazil from Rio And I presented last year a very similar talk on Motivew for Blender And at that time what I had was my own personal path project was a branch I started on my own And I went over our other developers to try to get the whole design approved And it was working my free time. It was very exciting But at some point We had a more solid design that required a lot of time to be to be tackled So I left it I left it outside for a little bit was doing other projects and then Tom I contacted me saying that the Blender foundation be interested in having these wrapped up for the upcoming Blender in this case to Blender 2.73 So what you see here if you compare to the less Less year presentation and now now it's what they have is a current official Edition of Motivew so you can download these on the official Blender branch. There's a Motivew branch that's going to be merged any soon So things changed if you try less here, but what they have here is very close to final if not the final I'm going to start just quickly showing the documentation here just briefly So this is Just wait for the mouse to okay just Just a small overview of what is involved on Motivew So I I'm going to redo a little bit of this demo. I have online with the five minutes of taking an existing file In this case is the creature factor 2 The training material from the Blender foundation Blender Institute that's on the Blender cloud Going to get there And it takes from the original file to what you see here is as an ugly But could also be as a top bottom or side by side or interlaced any kind of 3d output We also mentioned here talking all the time about Motivew is stereo 3d. Okay, so what happens is that stereo 3d is a Is included in in Motivew Motivew means if you have an auto stereo display and all a graphic display Which requires 200 images as an input You can still use the Blender or this branch to automatically generated all your files But the special niche case is going to be tackling here is a stereo When you only have two views you have a 3d display Because even if you're working on one of these devices you want to be able to visualize in 3d all the time So when I mean visualize on 3d and before we get to Blender just overview here I mean that you should be able to see things on the on the viewport as a It's in 3d. I don't know if you can see because of the light, but here they have the classic cn Red and cn 3d mode You should be able to have your near camera setting sets that you can just play with the eye separation With how far do you want the objects to pop up in your face? You want to be able to preview in the viewport your stereo layout. So where's your How does each of the individual cameras per se how each eye perceive the scene? Where is the interception what's only perceived by one eye? What is not so you can change these parameters with a real-time feedback And we also are talking about supporting pretty much I'd say all of the standard 3d displays that you can find in the industry We don't support auto stereo displays because there's no standard yet No, we can find Panasonic might have one Sony might have another one And that advice I got thing last year was to wait for LG And Samsung or LG and phillips to take over the market We wait for them to come up with a standard and then we support that so see you waiting But so now we can have one window of an ugly from windows 3d and I'm talking about Stereo 3d is not only about rendering two images. It's about a pipeline So I'm going to be showing here. It's how does the house viewport integrative the composer integrated of the sequencer Integrated of the open gel preview render. It's an essential part of the movie making pipeline How does integrative autopoting images for preview for the final editing? And this is an example of output format. These are the left eye. We saw that an ugly but can also have these different formats Uh, this now this is just the documentation Hey, let's go to the Let's get started Just here just if you want to redo this at home, especially if people watching on the streaming or watching in the future Hello future You can go to the training on the blender cloud if you're a subscriber Just is where this is the hub where the current blender training and documentation material is all being hosted And you can go to the fantastic work. It's going to take some time to load so it can keep speaking about Andy That's over there he actually got all see He did the creatures factor quite some time ago and now he redid especially for the for the cloud And just you're going to get a zip file. I'm just going to fast forward a little bit Go to blender. Just so you know, these are going to be you go over here So we're going to take we have the creature turn table and the backup file in case everything fails. It's here So let's get started Okay, so just to be clear. This is a blender as your blender But is a it was built from a branch is the multi branch You can see here It's official is on the official blender than the servers and it's going to be merged in blender quite soon And before going to the more funky file Let's Go over the new functions here. Just hold on. There's something It's I hate this The one first one button we have that controls all the settings is the views buttons On the moment you turn this button on Your scene changed entirely. I think it's a little bit. Is it too dark the screen? Okay, yeah, okay Thank you very much so I redo this step and actually I'm going to split the screen So here I'm going to sit through the camera And this without the camera. So just by turning views on You by default you get this plane here Do you see this plane on in front of the camera? I'm going to make it more visible specific for this Yeah, okay, you see this plan over there the dark one And you have here on the through the camera. You already see in 3d so Well, so the moment you turn this on you have a few other options in blender Including these stereoscopy panel on the viewport including a few camera stereoscopy settings Including the option to change your 3d mode for a whole window And for compulsory in sync as well. So in this case just a quick example I'll stop. Um, here's the setting for the camera I can play No, I have a one camera, but internally it's treated as two cameras So I can play if they call so-called eye separation But if we're using auto-stereo, meaning if you have a scene that's one to one mapped to your real perception You want to use the real eye separation?  So this is We give the artistic freedom for people to play with and I also have what you call the converters plan So I'm changing here. I'm moving this option here on the Right part of the UI and the plan on the viewport is changing So if you have been to a 3d movie in the cinema, sometimes the objects they pop out of the screen This plan represents the screen So we have a Real-time preview of your screen of your depth layout Just you can change a little bit Just in the simple case before going to the more complex file I recommend also turning on volume volume Can you see there you can see here's a bit tinked red and here a little bit tinked blue So here's more blue and here's more red This is the two individual cameras. So for instance, I'm going to exaggerate and I'm going to increase the separation between the cameras And what we are drawing here is actually the first one of the individual cameras being generated It is really important for 3d move making because Some things you want you want to make sure they are seen by both eyes altogether There's a there's a few rule rule of thumbs in 3d move making and one of them is you don't want any fast-coming objects very saturated very bright coming in the so-called positive space. So in your face So in this case Let's go to the top view In this case you wouldn't want any object here Nor here Can you see there the drawing? Yeah, you want mostly for action Happening here on the negative space is not so bad And again, I'm not here to teach 3d move making. There are a few books on that regard But we're to present the tools you can use when you find the pipeline that fits our needs And the other thing we have it's not so useful, but it's nice to see is the cameras So I'm going to increase this even further. Now the distance is going to be five blender units And if I turn on plan and volumes you see there two cameras here, okay More than that so so far If you can see my camera is actually here on what you call the left pivot So the second camera if I change the distance between them, you know, it's only Increasing into one direction This is the most common method because a lot of the time you made a whole production in 2d You have the left render of your scene and now you want to render the right eye So in that sense, you don't want to change both eyes won't change only one eye on top of that Both both if for some reason creating a project from from scratch You can change the pivot to be the right the right one. So this is the left This is the right or the center one Just an example of the functionality we have built in Uh, this is also something worth noticing that this is what we call the off axe Stereo mode you can see here and it's explaining the documentation But also support different methods such as parallel where the cameras do not converge to the plan We have toy in which is barely useful barely used those days But it's there for a lack of reason and why not And yeah, that's what camera. So let's open the all adjust render Yeah And then you open the real file, which you won't be able to render because too big So here you see the file Let me increase here to make it more visible to Going to increase the eye separation. So it's more easier to see the difference between the left and the right Okay, you see here. You're also seeing a xana glyph again. Can you deem the light a little bit further, please? You see as an a glyph. Do you? Oh, I do. Yeah Uh, there are other modes to see the 3d and that's something important even though you're seeing in Anaglyph the data is not in an ugly if you're keeping the data as they were originally rendered So just by simply turning off the 3d mode is this button here on the uv You get to see the individual views. So in this case, I'm looking at the left field I could also look at the right field So that means that the 3d representation of the image is not tied to the image data itself It also means you can change from anaglyph to interlace Can you see that's interlaced you can see to call on interlace and check board interlaced And there's a few like top bottom and side by side, which I'm going to show in in full swing So for instance if I'm full screen mode And though I have a shortcut for the full screen and then you have a left to right full screen full integrated That's highly different and Just a small parenthesis here. This is a full screen mode. That's new to blender You see no headers. No Side panels. No anything Just this little icon here that shows up when you mouse over there So just Don't be here. Yeah So it just a mode that was made especially for mode view, but also use elsewhere. Hey, let's open a real file I'm going back to anaglyph mode here And let's go to creator factor creature Turn table. So this is the file just as it comes from the blender cloud I think And he made a great job on this file is very clean and also the render is really good So As I said, you just go here you go to the render panel To the layer panel and turn on views and just by doing that You're ready to get seen 3d.  It's here in front of the camera. Okay, I'm going to use this view to help setting this up Yep. So now I'm going back to the To the camera and on the camera panel just as we did for the cube Just going to start changing the plan distance Because I know that for this file, I might want the only detail of the t-rex to pop out So I just change the color a little bit. Nope Okay dark gray you can see there. Yep And here I also want to I want to move a few frames just to rotate the t-rex If it looks better in this position here And I'm going to bring the plan Back in. Okay So in the viewport we get to preview the other result sometimes When you're working with 3d, you don't you don't really want to use glasses all the time or to Use a 3d display. So it's quite common for instance to to use the interlace mode when a change now to interlace Where if you see especially here, you see the separation here The difference between what is the left and the right eye and same to the foreground Here you can see The difference So even without without glasses you can already have a feel of how much depth we're producing So this is the same effect if you're in a 3d movie, you take out your glasses So sometimes you can say that the things are so further apart that is producing more or less depth depth Okay, now I'm going to render but This is a very heavy file. I'm going to change Examples to five samples And I'm going to change the resolution to 25% can be fine And just render I change back to unaglyph and Okay, it didn't break Why it's render I can show the Oh any questions so far One question here was a question and I'm going to repeat They also implemented the quad buffer view. Uh, yes, I did Uh, it doesn't work on my computer because I don't have a quadro card But it's here. It's called Time sequential mode, I think I I had a report That it doesn't work on some computers So I still like to double test maybe if you do you have a computer with quad buffering I love you testing it and Getting back in farf and see if it works or not You're using the same method that the blender game the game engine uses so I'll just back to to work just as well So here you have the image is a bit, you know noisy For some reason because you did only five samples Uh, but once again, we have the left and right But one what I want to show here is when you try to save the image You also have a different options here. We call view format So we can either save them. I'm going to create here a new a new render folder We can either save them as left and right or individual images. So it's going to be blender conf If I save these and try to open back I actually saved the left and right image separately So remember I was telling how the view display the view mode is not tied to the image data That's what you get. You can also save Anaglyph or I'll say it side by side Squeezed frame. Why not? Be conf side by side Okay, oh, I can't see everything There you go. I saved the image Go off the full screen again. Okay Now what happens if I want to load the image? I just saved So I'll To load the image I go here have my images And that's the side by side. So I just open it That that doesn't look very 3d. Okay, but Here you also have a new panel of stairs copy which you can say oh this image It's actually a stator 3d image off side by side Unsqueezed or squeezed So now the image that was in entirely different format that can just get on the internet or whatever Now exactly is displayed once again with the individual views the left and right view or in the 3d mode You might have noticed you can also see these when you're importing you can choose here right away This is an example. I'm going to load a better render because it is really Low-resolution so going to be this one creature factor side by side unscathed And it's going to look fantastic So it's a full render with left and right and remember the image and you saw the image you can show again The image originally was like this. So that's where what you're talking about pipeline Um Being entirely honest, there's not a lot of more to say and that's the beauty of the season They try to make something that works as you would expect in blender. So for instance, if you go to the compositor go to the node editor composter Remove background for a bit I'm going to remove everything here Yeah, I'm going to add a new image node Or it could just rag and drop I'm going to open a new image. I could just take one of the pre loaded images But I'm going to load one of the existing ones I'm going to take you this time the the top bottom squeezed Squeezed So here you already see the image unscathed On the background as well. Let me rescale the background Here fit. Okay So the background is also in anaglyph Let's fit again Again the image was you know two images or where side by side were top bottom But it just works as an image and now if you take here I'm going to also have to add a Composter output plug this in if I just render this Going to render a part of the image because the blender has a different size, but again The compositor automatically knows that hey This scene is multi view. So let's first landed the left eye that then render the right eye and and so far No, and you can even do changes per Per eye. So let's say I want For whatever reason you want to change the left eye and and differently than the left eye So I'm going to add a new node here Let's call the filter Not filter the converter All day on the box view switch View switch node I'm going to plug here And I'm going to plug this here as well And I'm going to plug this here. Okay So what we are doing here is just telling blender That whenever we want to render the left image goes to this buffer whenever I render the right image goes to this buffer And I mean it might be complicated, but It's documented at least And here just change the effect here change the color So for the right image Okay, so I'm doing here for the right the Right image. I'm mixing with red the left image. I'm mixing with green Let's see this in the full screen mode. Yeah, it's easier to see So we can have different treatments for the individual views but small most of the time You won't need this because most of the time You just have to plug everything I think That was pretty Yeah, I think that's pretty much it um We're kind of short in time because You're short in time So I'm just going to quickly show some images while you can come up with a nice and smart question to be answered Please uh Yes, I can but It actually might trigger epilepsy on some people so I'm gonna I'm going to do a four mode disclaimer. Don't worry. This is a scheme of different image The agent don't was telling about this. So the doctor epilepsy mode Okay Here so if you're watching this from home, just don't watch for 10 seconds if you have epilepsy. No, I'm not kidding. Some people have epilepsy Okay, so this is what the epilepsy does you basically it basically Try to Renders left and right left and right left and right left and right so even if you don't have a 3d display You can get a depth feeling for that Okay, if you have epilepsy you can watch again Thank you. It might not go to the official release because it's that was fun to code You're really coming close a kilometer closing Monica. Yes, just a quick question. Um, Do you know if this is a can be applied also to a dome? Render and projection That's a good question. It's a bit of a niche question. I actually Yes, I know In so that's a quick answer and the long answer is yes, but this needs to have some work on top of this and actually The way the reason I started the multi-view project because I wanted to study 3d for dome rendering And just realize that the only way of having these in blender was have a whole multi-view pipeline And then have these also included on top of it. So people would be more Accepting of the work that means that the multi-view will have a dome render button. It will have a It will have for the fish eye camera and cycles Not necessarily a dome 3d view on the viewport. That's something else But it also it also helps for this kind of the things or occlus rift or Or cave real time editing within blender Cool Any more questions I think are really close on ending here So, oh, so please let's make it the last one. Please the last one I'm going to be here for the whole conference. I have another talk tomorrow at for At for for for 30 we've been able to say about Mission control with drones with blender. I also recommend you to come Just a short question. So we can answer one will be integrated to the main blender branch when Yes, oh when Hopefully by blender 2.73 Meaning last night I finished the sequencer working. I didn't show here But sequencer can also preview this this reaping 3d and render.  I'm going to wrap it is up sent for review And then I'm going to coordinate with the other developers. So we are aiming at 2.73 Michael alt is really short question because we're really running out of time Are you also planning to do it? for the Standard viewport so that we can do modeling in stereo because I Oh, that's uh, it's there already. I mean on this branch You just as long as the scene is treated as a stereo You can just need a 3d display and you're already seen in 3d as long as you're watching Through viewing through the camera Okay, but but it will stay like that that I have to be watching through the camera You have to be watching through the camera. Maybe it can change that if you see a strong Use case. I don't think people really going to be sculpting in 3d. Honestly, but I might be wrong I think it makes sense because you have a By far better deep Impression it might but anyways, this is it's very easy to turn it on just was a designed decision Well, thanks everyone for coming And for either some bladder game engine Oh multi view. Oh, okay. Yeah, I might have to check it out. I don't have a github where I keep the most cutting edge Yeah, but the main development official Oh