Welcome to Domains 201. I'm happy to be back here today for another awesome day of workshopping. We do have a couple new folks joining for today. So this session is going to be a nice introduction and just refresher. We're also gonna recap yesterday briefly and then we'll sort of set the tone for another awesome day called Domains 201. So to give you a quick recap of where we are and who we are, my name is Lauren Hanks, Director of Operation at Reclaim Hosting. And I am joined here today by Jim Groom, Taylor Jaden and we've got Pilot Irwin joining virtually as well. And the three of us are in person at St. Norbert and we are sitting in a fantastic tech bar studio space. It's been really fun these last couple of days to not only be together in person, but produce and run a virtual hybrid workshop thing from this space. This has been really cool and I feel like an official podcaster with this setup. I've never had this kind of thing. So this is cool. We're super excited to be here really looking forward to another day. Thank you so much for joining. Wanted to quickly go over how we are running today, just for folks who need a recap or you're joining today for the first time. I'm gonna share my screen, my screen. I'm gonna share. I'm gonna share my screen here and just so you all know, workshop.reclaimed.tech. That is your home base for today. You'll see that I do not have the toggle live because I'm not going to have an inception of showing ourselves live. You should see us live in an action here. So at the top, if you toggle live, you will always see the most, what's happening in the moment and it should automatically translate for your time zone but when in doubt know that this time, we are working on East Coast time zone. If things look a little wonky or you feel like you're not seeing what's happening in the moment, always refresh your screen. When in doubt, refresh. Same thing for the chat on the side. That is pulling in an embed from the Domains 101-201 event channel. So you can type here or you can chat directly in Discord. Both work great. So we'll be watching that Discord channel today. For any questions or comments or ideas that you all have, we'll be pulling in comments into the banners here and we'll do Q and A's like that. And here in a little bit, we're actually going to offer a StreamYard link for an impromptu show and tell. So you all can jump in behind the scenes with us as well. So the other thing I'll mention just about Discord is that we have a dedicated channel for this event called Domains 101-201, which you're welcome to use for today's discussions or go back and look at yesterday's discussions. But there's other channels there as well that the larger Discord Reclaim Hosting community is a part of. So we recommend that you are, feel free to engage there too. Introduce yourself. You can ask questions or leave resources or anything. So we really want the Discord space to not only be useful for today, but going into the future as well. So it's not just a one and done kind of thing. You can use it for a while. So I know I've been talking your ear off. I'm gonna give others an opportunity to chat too and maybe introduce themselves. And maybe we could do a quick debrief into how yesterday was, what we covered for the folks that are joining today for the first time and go from there. Great, that sounds great, Lauren. Hi, I'm Jim Groom. I was here yesterday. They brought me back against their better judgment today. And we will be talking, as Lauren said yesterday, we spent much of the morning or early morning and then afternoon dealing with the three basic spaces that make up Domain of One's Own, the WordPress Portal, WHMCS and WHM. And it was a deep dive into all those systems to give new admins and even a refresher for existing admins an idea of what's there. That can be the more technical detailed piece. We love to know where you still may have questions. Are there issues in either of those systems that we didn't address yesterday? Really good use of the chat this morning so that we address it at some point during the day, if not immediately. So please don't hesitate to share any questions or issues you have with those three systems. Totally. On top of that, we went into looking at some common troubleshooting tips and thinking through what are the things you're gonna hear from people again and again, whether it be WordPress issues, whether it be HG Access 500 errors, whether it be people randomly changing their domain because WordPress seems to make that a self-service option, which it often isn't. So we try and kind of reproduce the issues that we get again and again, supporting Domain of One's Owns for schools both through shared hosting and Domain of One's Own and kind of push that on. A lot of that is also documented. We highlight a lot of it, but please don't forget that we have a lot of this for reference going forward. So any of that that comes up, please, please let us know. It was also cool and I'll hand this over to Taylor and Pilot is we got to hear from a couple of admins, both veteran admins who moved on and came to Reclaim Hosting and up and coming admins. And I thought that was pretty fun to hear from yesterday. So Taylor, over to you. Yeah, I'm Taylor. I'm a Reclaims Community Instructional Technologist and yeah, I'm really excited for the workshop today. I think we got a lot of cool, well, these chairs in the studio are not my favorite. But we got a lot of cool stuff, I think, to kind of showcase a lot of, and I think what I'm kind of excited about is a really neat mixture of things that people ask about. Like I think we've been able to bring a lot of those things that come up frequently, pain points, things people want to chat about. I think there's a lot of mixture of that and I think also a lot of really cool work that's just happening out in the community that we get to highlight today and kind of talk around and talk as a group of what that means and what we can do with it and how we can move forward with it. I think that's why I'm so excited about today. So yeah, there's a lot. Pilot, you wanna? I mean, there's not a whole lot that I think I can add that you guys have already covered everything really, really well. I'm pilot, I was happy to be here yesterday. I'm still happy to be here and I'm just looking forward to learning more today with you guys because there's a lot today that I'm excited to sit in on. And that's kind of maybe a cool point to talk about how we've framed this workshop and how it differs from previous workshops in the past. I think, so we're calling this domains 101 and 201, right? Because there's always gonna be a nice technical refresher that folks might benefit from or if you're a new admin and you want that nice overview of how the systems are working together, how WordPress is a wrapper for C-Panel that's embedded and how that's working with WHMCS and WHM and talking through the common troubleshooting tips that will always be a good pattern in domains. They'll always come up when we're working with C-Panel, right? So that stuff is always helpful but I think domains 201 is really exciting for us because this is gonna be more about the strategy behind domains whereas yesterday was much more technical in a good overview, click here, now click here, now click here and we have documentation. And again, if there are things that we didn't get to yesterday, because there's only so much you can cover in a single day, right? So if there are things that we didn't get to we certainly can make time for that or have follow-up discussions and discord, that's what that for. Today, I'm super excited to think about the potential of domains. How are we talking about this on campus? How are we growing this as a community? How are we framing these services to appeal to multiple user groups? Because if you think about domain of one's own it's going to mean something different for an incoming freshman who's looking for a community on campus who's they're trying to figure out who they are and who they wanna be, both personally and digitally. And that's gonna be an entirely different conversation than an outgoing senior who's looking for a portfolio space and has an idea of maybe a slightly better idea of who they wanna be, and they're applying for jobs. And that's also gonna mean something entirely different than a faculty member who's thinking about this for their courses and needing a space, they need to think critically about one application that they can reuse semester after semester versus do I need to create a new course site every semester? And then you've got 10 installs in your C panel. Like thinking through those sorts of things. Like information architecture, which is always interesting, like how do you build out a C panel instance and what does it look like and what is best practices for your faculty or your students? Totally. So I think we'll be doing a bit more of those strategic conversations today, but then also thinking about how domains plays into other digital tools. It doesn't have to compete with something as useful as WordPress multi-site or with some of these niche projects that can be run in the cloud that don't work in a C panel environment. And so I'm really looking forward and this is personally, there's gonna be a lot of cool stuff today, but I think I'm particularly excited for the building out domain session that we're gonna do here in a little bit this morning where we're gonna be highlighting some landing pages that a couple of our domain schools have put together that it's kind of a step before you meet the signup pages that we looked at yesterday where domains and a digital space, that is bigger than just C panel, right?  So I'm really excited about that. I'm looking at some comments here too and looks like Audrey Park from Emerson is looking forward to the topic on deprovisioning accounts and what to do with large backups for mass deprovisioning. There's a lot of strategy involved there and a lot of planning and communicating with end users to say, hey, do you want this? Do you want us to keep this as an archive? Can we or do you want it gone completely? So excited for that, that should be cool. It looks like Ed is excited for any of these conversations to help us think about working systematically and hopefully not manually. I completely agree. Anytime that we can automate some of these processes to help us, you know, that then frees up our time to do more of that in-person or one-on-one consultation. So, you know. And that's interesting too because, you know, John Stewart will be joining us this afternoon talking about some of the work he's been doing to get the deprovisioning as both Audrey and Ed, I think, are referring to a more streamlined. And that is definitely the idea. Tom Woodward will be talking with us twice once about gravity forms. You'll be happy to know Tierney to talk about, like, how do you kind of conceptualize these small teaching tools or what he refers to as tiny teaching tools, which is kind of like a synonym for spot? Like, how do you build out some of these things and how do you kind of customize some of the work for your faculty based on that? And I think it goes back to building out domains that you were talking about, Lauren. Like, a lot of the work that we'll be featuring today is work that happened because EdTex had an idea and a vision for how to imagine what their community needs with demand of one's own. And so, in some ways, we're kind of conduits for that conversation. We help folks show them what's possible. But a lot of the great work, as is no surprise to anyone here or us, comes from the people that we'll be featuring throughout the day. And I'm super excited about that. I love featuring cool work that happens around domains. Most of the folks who do it are very humble, always willing to share, unlike me. So I think that change in diversity is good. So it's, I love that part of it. That's what I always look forward to. And that's a good point, Jim. I think anytime that you can celebrate the work happening around you, I've never regretted doing that. You know what I mean? I think it's beneficial in a space like this where we're all together and thinking how these sites can be helpful. It's just a way of navigating these digital platforms, but also as a way of building that community. And so we'll be talking about that later today too. The other thing, it looks like M is excited or is looking forward to maybe hearing more about Jet Backup, something that we didn't spend too much time on yesterday. I like that idea. And I agree. I think Ed reiterates the point that that's something he wish he knew. Yeah. And that's something we can spend some time today looking at because Jet Backups is a lifeline. Totally. And it's actually pretty easy to use. It's integrated into WHM and your individual C panel accounts. That's the cool part, right? I think WHM Jet Backup is very robust. There's a lot happening there, but that's, you know, even for recline, that's infrastructure wheelhouse. That's, you know, we really rely on the infrastructure team to manage Jet Backup backups on a larger scale. And so the fact that you can get very granular even in the C panel account is super handy. And I think something that we would recommend is just a best practice to start there, but then also knowing what backup options you have beyond Jet Backup too, because you have application, install-a-tron backups, C panel allows you to generate manual backups as you're taking your stuff with you. You then have Jet Backup too. A lot of that is automated, but then you can also capture manual backups before updates and things. So there's a lot there. If we're gonna talk a little bit about that briefly, because it came up yesterday, and I'm trying to think who asked the question. Remind me if I'm not remembering, right? But someone asked yesterday, oh, I think it might have been Doug Higgins said, what's, when should I do install-a-tron backups? Should they be scheduled regularly or... And my recommendation there is Jet Backups will basically cover you for 30 days. 30 days out. So you'll know that you have backups of your stuff. And that's happening. You don't have to do anything, it's just how it works, how we have it configured. And then for that install-a-tron backups, right now we have it set by default, that every application is going to hold two install-a-tron backups. And those will cycle out. If you wanna change that, we can. You'll likely run into storage issues at the server level. So we find that two install-a-tron backups, in addition to the Jet Backup stuff that we have separately is a nice balance. But we can work with schools on an individual level if you want to have more flexibility there. And it's not really that backup when the WordPress update. So like when we go to WordPress take, that's the backup you want. Yeah, that's the only thing. Because install-a-tron is handling the actual update, it will before update time go. All right, I'm gonna back this up, then do the update. That's why we even leave them enabled basically. And the main thing that is nice about Jet Backup in contrast is that those are stored in a different location, so they don't take up space in the account basically. That was what I was going to say is that having those two default install-a-tron backups like Lauren mentioned is good. But at a certain point, if you find yourself running a couple of different applications in your cPanel, so if you have your default WordPress site and then there's no Mecca installation there for a particular project that you're doing and the more applications that you have installed, because install-a-tron backups are stored within your account and within your account storage, the more applications you have, the more space those applications take up and the more the backups take up. That's a good point, Pilate. And I was gonna say this, and it looks like Ed beat me to it in Discord. You can also- That's not a surprise. I know, right? He's pretty good that way. You can also connect those backups to an external storage solution like Dropbox, for example. So that's been helpful for our Mecca users, that have larger archives and each backup really weighs down the account. You can keep one or maybe just push all of them and other people have different preferences for how often they want those backups to run. Maybe you're doing very regular maintenance or very regular work and you need regular backups. So that stuff can all be set at the individual level and also at the server level. We have a guide. It looks like Taylor put an alternative backup options in Installatron. We also have another guide that I'm thinking of and I'll try and find it here. It's called Working with Installatron in general because Installatron covers a lot of things and I know I'm transitioning away from backups a little bit. Backups are included in some of the Installatron so that's where my head went. But we have a guide on just everything you need to know about Installatron from cloning which we didn't even talk about yesterday really into backups, into managing some of those settings. So I find that that's a really helpful resource because it's sort of a table of contents for Installatron. Just keeping track of time, we've got about five minutes here. I'll throw this question out to Discord and I think it was sort of covered but might be a good opportunity. If there's anything that we haven't covered today besides JetBackup that you definitely wanna get to, any questions, let us know. The other thing I'll mention too, where we're about to transition into our next session is gonna be an impromptu show and tell time which I'm really excited about. We mentioned this briefly yesterday as we were talking about spots and site templates but I think it's really powerful to see those examples live and in action and not only spots but just cool stuff happening in the community as a great way to showcase how domains can be useful. Yes, exactly. And I know for example, to riff upon a theme, Ed Beck, we love to show off your pandemic story sites. That was amazing. Yep, Tom Woodward obviously has some stuff he's pointed to. Tim Clark has shared some stuff that we're gonna bring up but also this is a great time for you all out there who not only are following along and wanna see what other folks have done but for those of you who have done cool stuff and you want other people to see it, feel free to put it in the chat here so we can look at it and if you wanna jump in and talk about it a bit, let us know and we can send you a link and you can jump on. Yeah, we'll pop the StreamYard link in the chat here in a few minutes just so you all have that available and then basically you would join backstage and we will pull you in kind of one by one and you can narrate the site or if you don't wanna do that and you just wanna share a link, we will highlight that on our end too but this should hopefully be a cool way to have a little bit more collaboration, just besides the chat and our faces. Maybe we'll show you some other faces for a change. We'll bring you into the studio, right? So anyway, be thinking about that even if it's not fully fleshed out, even if you just were looking at squats yesterday and you started playing around with a concept or an idea for a new site template, that I'm really interested in. I'm always looking for different ways that we can think about site templates, you know. And it's interesting too because I know John Stewart and Ed Beck were talking as we were warming up for the day about WordPress 6, which is gonna start rolling out across your servers. Some of the servers it already has and that's a good point of what Installatron does. It automatically updates those applications to keep your stuff safe, which is a good thing but it also represents, okay, as Ed was asking and as John was asking and was commenting, like that means WordPress has changed things. And from what we're understanding, talking with Taylor this morning and hearing Ed yesterday, a lot of that is on the full page editor, am I right? I know that Ed mentioned yesterday that it has a lot to do with that. I myself haven't looked at WordPress 6 too much but I think he said something along the lines of if you're using a site or a theme with full site editing, there's quite a bit and if you're not, there's probably not much that has changed that you'll notice. Yeah, cause they're doubling down on the block editor making sure that stuff is clean. And I noticed when I updated to WordPress 6 this morning, I updated the site and then every theme which all of mine are just basic WordPress themes. I'm still using WordPress 2010 to show you where my mind is with WordPress. But yeah, that's interesting. So I don't think too much is gonna change. I mean, meaning to ask you, when I read Baba Tuesdays on my phone, I have to do a lot of zooming in and stuff. Yeah, is this a, yeah, I- Keeping- Feature request. You read it on the phone? I didn't know anyone read it. So, interesting, I'll keep that in mind. Here I am, I'm putting on my agenda hat. Keeping us on time today as best as we can. You mean that wasn't on topic? No, it's good. I love it, but coming back a little bit. So we are gonna go ahead and close this session. Give us a few minutes to pop into the new session for show and tell. We'll meet you there. In the meantime, be thinking about cool examples that you would love to show others. And we'll see you there. Welcome to day two. To day two, two, oh, one. See you soon. Rock not rock.


Hello, Psych2Goers gather around. Yes, all of you. Don't just because the word alone is in the title. This is like the fortress of solitude. Badass, right? Yeah, all you quiet type introverts know what we mean. We can be alone, and we aren't lonely. Yeah, yeah, yeah, on Instagram, TikTok, whatever. There's an awful lot of try-hard shouting that constantly being around oodles of people is the best thing ever. Wanna know a secret? It ain't all that. In fact, sometimes the party person envies the happy-to-be-alone person. If you can be satisfied and happy, just spending time with yourself, you avoid massive formal anxiety, and you don't need pants. Other people independent throw your hands up at me. Bonus, being alone has even more benefits than just being good with your bad self. Things like, one, getting to focus on you and learning something new in the process. As super as we are, we have finite resources. Socially, a goodly chunk of our energy goes to fitting in somewhat. You know, things like watching what you say and negotiating activities so you can get along with others. But solo time means your resources are all yours. Ah, yes. You can assess what's important to you and what you're passionate about. Not what all of you wanna do. So sign up for that dance class, because you want to. Wanna learn Photoshop basics? You can watch all the tutorials. Hey, if you're still hankering for company after the fact, new learning means new people. Number two, boosting creativity. Not having to think or appease others means freedom. You may don a kilt if you wish. No pants bonus, remember? You have the freedom to let your mind's creativity go to town. No one else is exerting limitations or pressuring a specific agenda on you. If you're doing something for yourself and solo, you don't have to conform to anything. Let the innovating maestro in you fly high. You can choose later if you wanna share and trim accordingly at that time. So no big, right? Number three, authenticity. Be like water, my friend.  Never before has so much knowledge and so many differing views been readily available. Yet, also, never before has there been so much noise drowning out your inner voice. The one that says, this is me. If you've ever wondered, is this what I think or is it just popular? Then you understand.  You get to think independently about who you are and what you stand for. Who do you wanna be for your sake? When you can get that solid grasp on your own identity, you naturally become more confident. You know yourself, so you can trust yourself and be authentic. Number four, it enhances the quality of your relationships. We're not advocating separation or breakups here. We just mean space. As much as we love our people, we get used to them. It doesn't mean you love them less, just they become part of the norm. Nothing stays novelty new forever. When you take time separately from the relationship to care for yourself, you take a break from that norm. That solo time lets you reaffirm your own value and what you bring, while at the same time increasing understanding and value in others. It's like refreshing the noticeable of the other person and the view of the relationship as a whole.   The last thing you need is more questions, more demands, more, nope, silence, peace, quiet.  Experiencing that spot of solitude and finding comfort in it improves stress management, increases life satisfaction and enables focused attention, which improves recall and retention of information. All of this in short, lets you get a grip so you don't feel lost, hopeless or compelled to do something unwise out of desperation. And number six, you can make sure that the cake is not a lie. You love someone. Okay, fine, you like someone or there's someone who makes you smile. And that's a positive.   Being happy with someone is good. Giving someone the impossible responsibility for your happiness is a lose, lose for everyone. It's forcing this person to become an extension of you. You're bleeding off your power and giving it to them, depending on this outside source. Disappointment or a breakup becomes a traumatic amputation. Why nerf your powers? You know what you need. When you make your own happy cake, regardless of how outside influences turn out, you still have your cake.  Processing emotions is like changing the frosting. You're still whole and you'll get over the piping not being purple anymore. No one dictates how you feel and no one owns you. If you're not used to being alone, it can feel a little unnerving. If so, ask yourself, I'm with me. Why do I feel uncomfortable? Is this the first time you haven't had to cater to others and you don't know how to cater to yourself? We tend to fear the unknown. Maybe you're not as happy with yourself as you believe, but you're awesome. Get to know you. To those of us who are comfortable alone, revel in your wisdom.   How did these points affect you? And can you relate? When was the last time you realized that you thrive in solitude? Discuss, share and like. Thanks for watching. We will see you soon.


Hi, my name is Yuki.I'm a principal architect from Datastaxand a long time Patrick Sandler Committer.Today I'd like to show my workthat I've been working on for quite a whilewhich is an open telemetry integrationinto your Patrick Sandler.So how many of you know aboutthe open telemetry project?And do you already deploy open telemetry to your environment?No? Okay. Yes, thank you.So yeah, this is the talk aboutusing open telemetry to sendall the telemetry from Patrick Sandlerand I'd like to show my demo in this sessionso you can maybe in the futureif you deploy Patrick Sandler with open telemetryyou can get much more insight in one place.So open telemetry, this is an open source projecthosted on CNCFand historically it is a merging projectbetween the open tracing projectand open sensors project.It provides an observability frameworkso you can use open telemetryto instrument your applicationit is a language agnosticso you know if your application iswhether it's written in Java,Python or Goyou can use open telemetry to instrument your applicationand it also provides a specificationto send those telemetries outto any APMs that supports open telemetryso this is taken from the other websiteand yeah, it's just what I saidand the other important thing for this projectis it's vendor agnosticwhether you use open source promisesyega for tracingor if you prefer to use commercial offeringslike Datalog and Splunkthey also support open telemetryand choose between those productsto monitor your applicationso here's why I decided towork on this my own personal projectso as a consultant at Datastaxpart of my job is totroubleshoot various problemsin customers' clusterso I need the information from the customers' clusterso I ask a DBAwhat query the application is runningor can you show me the metricsor can you get me the logsand often times, yesthey set up the monitoring systemto get all the metrics from thesunder clusterbut when I ask about the application querythe people I interact withmostly the DBAsand they don't know the answerso they need to ask the app teamfor the schema and querieslead and write patternsand that takes time to get me the informationand the logsif the project is reachingbudget they have a log collectorsystem set up in their applicationso they can go into the central placeto look for the logbut most of the timethey don't have those luxury stuffso people need to log into eachnode in the clusterand get me the logso before I start analyzing thingsthere's a huge gapover all the timeto collect those informationand when those are in my handstart piecing all those togetherto do the troubleshootingsoyeah, thoseapplication logsI mean the query logsthe metrics and actualsunder node logsthose are the key tothe systems of observabilitysoif you look up the observabilityand search for the webyou can see these keywordsrepeats of observabilitywhich are the tracing metricsand logsandthese are the thingsactually already Cassandra hasin a long timefor the tracingwe have a tracing on capabilitysince Cassandra 1.2andif you turn on the tracingand run your CQL queryit logsall the internal stuffinto the Cassandra tableyou can take a look atwhat's going onwhen you learn the CQL queryall the metricsCassandrais instrumentedwith a metrics libraryand it hasa huge amount ofmetrics you canextract it fromandbecause the Cassandra is Java applicationthose are by defaultexposed throughjavasyou knowtheformal jmexmethod to get the dataand the logs Cassandra hasa logback librarybuilt into it and by defaultitemitsthe unstructured logto the filegetting all those data outfrom the Cassandra clusteras I describedit's very hard for all the people sometimesand tracingthere's no way to exportin the current stateit is in the Cassandra tableyou can just dump thosestuffinto csvbut still you need tocollidate with other stuffby handit is exported to jmexbut you need tosomehowinstall jmex exportersto get the data outand the logsyou need the filetailingstuffto extract the logs as welland it is unstructuredso sometimesif you get the exceptionas all datayou needstuff to actually preservethe stack place from the loghere comes the open telemetryas I mentioned earlieropen telemetry definesthe way to exportthese 3prs of telemetrythrough thestandardized protocol so integratingopen telemetry into Cassandrawill make our life easierto extract thosereservability telemetriesinto theexternal systemso yesif you have open telemetry capabilityyou can exportthese 3prsof observability toany APMs you are usingkindlyso I'd like to show the demothat I builtor I've been buildingfor a year nowandsorry this is a small diagrambut you can see this in mymy GitHub repositorythat I can show you laterbut I set up the Kubernetes clusteron AmazonI deployed a 3 nodestandard clusterthat I also instrumentedwith open telemetryand I deployedthe web applicationwhich is built usingand all thoseapplication and standard nodedeployed withopen telemetry collectoras a sidecar soeach application serversor each standard node can sendtelemetriesto that collectorand there's also acentralized open telemetrycluster thatfor those telemetriesto outsidethe systemand for this demoI set up thiscentralized open telemetrycluster to sendthe jazelle telemetryto dataloghoneycomband aawscloud watchso I'd like to demomy applicationhereso this is aspring bootapplication andit talks to the ksandra andtheseproducts informationfrom the ksandra cluster soif Iclick on the t-shirts category it showsall the t-shirts and if I click on the product thenyeah it shows the product andthese data are fetched fromthe ksandraand every time Iaccess these URLsit generates the telemetryboth from application as wellas a ksandra nodeandthis is thedatalogdashboard that I set upand it isgetting the data fromthe open telemetrycollector in the other time and if Ifor example accessa productsomaybethis is atrace from the applicationto get the product pricingand if I go into thisas you can seeyou can see the tracingfrom your application as well aswhat's happening in Apache ksandraand you can seethe query that this applicationisexecuting as well aswhat's happening oneach node when the ksandra isdoingwhen executing this queryin distributed wayright nowit isemitting the same information asa Apache ksandra tracingthings likeleadrequest messagedeceivedthose are the exact same eventsthat you can see in thethingif you go intothe metricsyou canget the various ksandrametrics in the samedatalog applicationsoyou can showthe compactionby the compactedand you can create the dashboardfrom these metricsand I also send the log filetheksandraall the log filethat's emitted from every node in theksandraso you know using thisopen geometry instrumentationyou can sendthe three keychametries toonecentral placethe same geometry is actuallysend to othergames like honeycomband you can seethe tracingin honeycomb as wellso these are theother url accessand as you can seeit shows the application tracingas well as the ksandra tracingin one placethe same thing for cloud watchyou canget the tracingfrom AmazonXAjust like I showedin the otherAPM applicationssoyou can seeintegrating open geometry into ksandrahasmany potential foroperators of ksandrato troubleshootthe internal of ksandra in one placeopen geometry also has a capabilityto coordinateof these telemetries to the otherso if Iput more effort into this demoand put moreimplementationto thisI can actuallycorridate tracing metrics and logsin more meaningful wayso the highlights of the demo isapplication and ksandra send telemetriesby openstandardized open telemetry protocoland the collector will export it tovarious APMsso you can monitor these telemetriesin one placethe code for this demo isavailable under mygithubksandra 5.0modification with open telemetryand the application side as welland the last onealso has the same diagramthat I show in this sessionso let's take a look atthe implementation sidethe goal of thisimplementation is actuallyenableoperators to easily turn onthis feature and sendingthe key telemetries tooutside worldI'd like to addonly one ksandra democonfiguration open telemetryenable andif the operator turnson thisksandra can immediately sendtelemetryoutsideto the clusterbut of coursethere's a couple of things you want toconfigure so I usethis open telemetry SDKold configure extensionso thatwhen necessarythe operators can customizetheir open telemetrypropertiesas they deploy the ksandraso in my demo I useda environmental variablesto specify for exampleopen telemetry service nameor some sampleconfiguration like thisbut you can also usea java properties toconfigure things soyou can put the sameinformation in jvm.optionsfile toconfigure these behaviorsand to enablea open telemetry tracingI need to change a couple of thingsso the first thingis takingthe same tracing contractfrom the applicationso for thatapplication needs tosend the tracingcontracted informationto ksandra and ksandraalso need topropagate the tracing contractand there are a coupleof places that needto be modifiedone is a native protocollevelbut fortunatelycurrent native protocolsupports adding customheader to itsmessaging soI can just usea standardized tracingcontracted format thereto get the contract from theapplication and propagate itto ksandra nodeandfor the messaging betweenthe ksandra nodeswe already have a ksandra tracingcapability sowhich does the similartracing propagationbetween the nodes soall I canall I neededto do was to add the newmessage typecontracted andjust to realizethe necessary attributesinto the messaging headerjust like a currentapplication tracing doesto putthese tracingcontracted in the sametracing IDand for the metricsI don't thinkchanging everythingand instrumentthe open telemetry takesvery very long time andit needs tomake huge changeto the current codebase sowhat I did here is todisten tothe metric registryand as the new metricis registeredto do this currentmetrics libraryI can justput the listenerto listen to the metricsandthe open telemetry SDKyou can justpull the current metricsand expose it tothe open telemetry protocol soI use that tonot change thecurrent codebase butonly add one morelayer to extract the metricsand for the logsthe ksandraI use logback library towrite the logs to fileand open telemetry java projecthas this logback adapterto actuallychange the logbacklog event intothe open telemetry log eventobject and send it tothe open telemetry protocolsoI added one lineinto the logback XMLto use this open telemetrydataand that's alland it just starts sending the log tooutside worldso all of thesechangesthat I mentioned in today's sessionI'm drafting the officialCEPCEP32 to make itthe default ksandrafeaturein the future release of ksandrait is still in the draftstate I started writinga year agowhenthe open telemetrystandards are stillevolving soI need to updateto the current state of open telemetryand I need to update my codebasetoapplyto ksandra trunkbrunchbut all the informationthat Igive todaymore described in thisCEP that I'm working onsothat's my sessiontoday and I'd like tohear more from youabout thisCEPand you canleach me with thisYUKIM handleon the patch stackaudit tab or twitteror you can just email meto the Apache mailso nowe can discuss moreon the topicto makethis official ksandrafeaturethank you very much for listeningand if you have anyquestions I cananswerthe questionis about the latencyimpact when you enablethe tracingI say yes butI didn't do anyperformance impact analysisbutas Ishow here you canactually tweak yoursampling rate for exampleto get the tracinghow frequently you wantto generate thesemetrics soyou can tweak thattomake the performance impactminimalthe question is does this workon 4.xwhen I started thiswork it wasfor 4.0I have a 4.0version of demofrom last yearbut I updated this touse 5.0for this year'spresentationbut I don't have any4.1implementation for thisbut it can be easilyadaptedI think theporting from 4.0 to 5.0was very minimalchange soif there'sno questions thank you very muchfor coming to my talksee you soon


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Next panel is what is the future of the Marine Corps look like in 2030 and it's going to be moderated by Colonel Ike Wilson who is a He ran the commanders initiative group group at st. Com Deployed to northern Iraq with 101st where he was a chief of plans He's a war planner. He's a strategic He was a strategic advisor in Afghanistan. He's also was a professor of politics and policy at The social department at West Point. He's a visiting professor at George Washington and not least He's a fellow at New America. So over to you colonel Wilson. Great. Thanks very much in a good afternoon everyone We're really privileged today To have the 37th commandant of the Marine Corps General Robert Kneller with us he's going to discuss the future of the Marine Corps and As many of you already know General Kneller is no stranger to asking hard questions about the future Nor is he a stranger to Critique in his own service. In fact shortly after taking office as commandant in late 2015 He published the Marine Corps operating concept which explicitly stated quote The Marine Corps is not organized trained and equipped to meet the demands of the future operating environment in quote So then in an effort to address some deficiencies He helped oversee the development of a vision for Marine Corps force 2025 Oversaw the creation of marine expeditionary force information groups the establishment of a cyber MOS and the development of new naval concepts Such as expeditionary advanced base operations. He even changed the size of the basic element of the core the rifle squad Again, it may be a an understatement to note That not all of these changes were accepted with hope and arms Quite the opposite in some of these cases. So General Kneller Thank you for taking the time to join us again at the future security forum to share your thoughts So I'd like to jump right into the questions will start 30,000 feet and then get down to the to the nuts and bolts at ground level. So first sir I'd like to jump right into the discussion by asking in light of the new strategic guidance the 2018 national defense strategy How will the Marine Corps adapt for a future characterized by great power competition? You've made some headway over the last few years, but what needs to change moving forward? Well, the strategy is pretty clear for us and I guess the C&O was here earlier today for the naval force. It tells us Well, the strategy tells you increased lethality and readiness Maintain build partnerships and alliances and improve the process as the Pentagon and it tells the naval force To be able to compete in the contact and blood zone tells us who the pacing threat is and Not at the exclusion of other missions But gives us direction in that. So if you know What you're looking at as there are is a potential adversary and I think we kind of anticipated that because the Marine Corps has historically been a Pacific oriented force, although globally employed around the world So it gave us an opportunity to look where we were in the implementation of force 2025 things that We thought we're going to be helpful like the MEF information group and the increased ability to do information operations when which I include cyber electronic warfare and management of the spectrum and Let us look at the other priorities, which is maintain and secure and resilient network Improve our ability to long-range precision fires be able to do distributed logistics have protected maneuver and be able to distribute the force across the battle space, so We're gaming that we're practicing that we're rehearsing it. I think we still have some deficiencies and we're looking at You know how we are how we've moved along as far as force 2025 I think there's still some changes and things we have to make as I get near the end here You start to think about all the stuff that didn't get done I mean you get nostalgic on once one hand, which is you know, mildly interesting if you're sitting around having a bourbon, but But more importantly, it's like, okay, what do we need to do? And so we're having those discussions now. So I'm confident that we'll continue to evolve and adapt this thing. I think you know, you're never done And but I think in today's environment your pace of change not just for technology But your organizational structure is got to go faster. You got to be able to turn faster and that's It's it's not something we do as well as we should So we'll continue to exercise. I mean I'll give you an example so about a month ago where there was an exercise called Pacific Blitz on the West Coast and It was a naval exercise where with the third fleet and first marine expeditionary force They attempted to replicate some of these expeditionary advanced based ops They used the naval lift to get ashore establish a forward army and refilling point We had aircraft come in and we tried to break it down move it around use the sea as maneuver space we tried to use preposition shipping and Get people out we actually but the most interesting thing I think we did Because that's not really anything new It's just new and what we were trying to achieve by it But as we took the both the third fleet and the one meff staff and coming created one staff Excellent a blue-green staff. So that's not entirely new, but it's it's something that doesn't happen all too often I think They'll that will realize the benefits of that going down the road sir was that innovation on the flyers that's something you had planned. No, that's something that General Osterman and the commander third fleet kind of worked out on their own But you know, we've been looking at naval integration and it's more than just trading people on staffs. It's it's how do we actually operate? In a naval campaign To leverage each other's capabilities in the past I think we've we can't we've it's been too easy for us to be compartmentalized And I think now we realize we got to be the more and more We're in the same space on the same comms the better the better we're going to be in the more effective We're going to be so I'd like to riff on this question a little bit more here So what are some of the challenges to modernizing the Marine Corps over the next ten years and more specifically? Why is why is change so difficult throughout our forces? You've you've enjoyed a fair share amount of critique and criticism for some of the recommended changes you've made Is that just a natural derivative of modernization? You know, I I think it's just a natural inclination of people that when you tell them you're going to change they mistakenly Interpret that that what they've done was not good And it has nothing to do with that has to do no what you did was good It's just not gonna we just don't think it's gonna meet what we look forward to and you can say well You can argue about with scenario and you say what's gonna happen in 2030? I mean there's a really good article in the in the media today I can't remember the forum but from Peter Singer about the three things gonna happen and how do you do? The different types of warfare and I'm I always always read everything he writes because I think he's a really smart guy And I don't know if he's here or not, but sir I should I should get a commission on all the books I've helped himself but But you know, but I think Actually, we are gonna do a Marine Corps cyber auxiliary by the way just for the record If anybody wants to join you can sign up you can be our first member You get a t-shirt you can't have purple hair, too But no EGA, but I Mean just I think it's just a natural order of things so But I think as time goes on and I think as you as you expose people to things I mean a lot of times you just you don't know what you don't know. I think for me I went to Singularity University in January of 2015 and I was in a room with a bunch of biochemists and Venture capitalists and cyber people and they're from all over the world I mean I was like a Klingon captured by the Federation and But I sat there for five days and and all these very experienced knowledgeable Scientists and something matter experts came in and talked about energy and biomechanics and added a Manufacturing and artificial intelligence and energy and you just sit there and you go like wow I Had no idea So, you know you have to you have to kind of open up your mind a little bit But at the same time there are certain parts of this as you know I mean you still got to have good people you still got to train hard you still have to be disciplined At some point in the fight there may be a time where somebody's gonna stand on a piece of ground With a weapon in their hand and say this is mine. You can't have it And that But we'll see how that all plays out But you got to get to that point and to get to that point you got to have you got to be able to control your network deny them theirs and Manage your comms and be able to deliver your fires accurately and timely manner Which means you have some access to the space and hopefully they don't So I think everybody we're training that and it's happening Excellent So let's dig a little deeper and specifically look at future employment of the force the core itself Knowing the deeply constrained physical environment perhaps specifically in Europe, but certainly beyond How will we ensure that allies and partners keep pace with our emphasis on emergent technologies? How do we ensure that our allies and partners retain enough technical capability to provide certain like-for-like? Functional capabilities and not be relegated to niche capability contributions in a coalition warfare context Well, I'm not I'm not sure you could say the last two years when we've had the highest budgetary levels that we've had a fiscally constrained environment I mean we'll try to do the best and spend that money now previous to that you could make that point But and we're hopeful this year that that the Congress will be able to Figure out that they're willing that a way to at least maintain a certain level of sustained Reliable funding because that's really what's changing our readiness But with our partners You know, I I think they there's a recognition On both sides of what's what they can and cannot do and I think that's fine I think we have to be more open to what they can do and focus less on the other And I think there's a lot of great capability amongst our allies I won't name them, but I mean whether they're in the NATO alliance or in other parts of the world And I think we will figure out a way We figure out a way to pass information and communicate and I think part of that's on us I think we need to be more flexible with our policies I'm not sure we'll ever get away at certain levels of classification where we don't have parallel networks But I think the where those networks touch and where we can pass information I think both sides have to be a little more flexible in doing that so I You know today the Commandant General of the Royal Marines is visiting here We've we've done a lot of work with the Royal Marines Particularly in in the European theater. They've helped us in Norway with our co-weather training and There's gonna be other employment deployments where they're gonna take advantage of their aircraft carrier the Queen Elizabeth and we'll Try to support that effort. So we'll work through that I but I I know people are worried about somebody's gonna get too far ahead and the other Most of the time the uniform people can figure out a way to do that But you got to bake that in and I mean as of as as much concern is is that even within the joint force that we have it As much interoperability and we have commonality and then we have to share that so that people can get on a common ground Because we have to be able to communicate so we'll it's a constant struggle But I think we everybody's a recognition and I think we're moving toward that to try to make it better So let's shift a little bit towards technological nuts and bolts Into the challenges and opportunities of modernizing the core first I've got a couple of questions in this regard first. How is a new technology shaping how the Marine Corps operates? How do you envision Marine Corps working with the established market to enhance its technology? Well any communications are probably the first area Where we're trying to take advantage of what's out there whether it's tablets or or Different pieces of saw are of hardware and software that allow us to do things faster and better The ability we have to buy straight from the market though is is somewhat There is some friction there based on the rules and regulations we have to do for acquisition But I think we make a very our best level effort to do that You know, I'm not sure I know that artificial intelligence and things like that obviously autonomy robotics manned unmanned. That's all happening Whether it be ground vehicles or air vehicles or unmanned aircraft You know, we pretty much every ground vehicle you have can be driven and operate autonomously I mean the other day they ran an amphibious assault vehicle up and down the beach You know driven by somebody with a controller But and that sounds great until that throws track and then you know the robot can't put the track back on and the robot Can't do security and and then you're I'm gonna ask you if we're gonna put your your son or daughter in the back of that Thing without a human being being driving that thing. So there there's issues with that But I think unmanned aircraft under unmanned Ships, I know this C&O's got a considerable effort there unmanned under sea vehicles Billy to put you talk about swarming drones in the air you can put swimming swarming drones in the water to go find things and Find a precision location on them and then if you wanted to potentially remove them So the autonomy the robotics. I think that's gonna be a player as long as we can figure out how to Scale it and get the price down Added to manufacturing is a big deal for us as an expeditionary force because if you can make it And you don't have to bring it with you and you're not you completely untether yourself from the supply chain So we own about 180 3d printers three of them print and metal My goal if I were to stick around and I'll pass this on to my successor I mean I think every marine maintenance battalion of which there are three and every marine air logistics water in which there are three Actually, there's more than the three. There's probably about ten. They all need to be printed in metal in less than five years Because the people that are selling the stuff we're buying when I talk to them. They're telling me they're printing this stuff And my question them is well if you're printing it and I can print it Why am I paying you to do what I can do? All right? I'll pay you for the technical data package Which is fair be kind of like buying music from Apple. I'll pay for the tech data package for the part And so we've got approval. We're printing We've probably a couple hundred parts and most of it in polymers and plastics some in metal that we've got approval And we actually use it and and I think as you scale that that's going to both make your readiness go up Get parts faster and it's going to save you a lot of money So autonomy robotics a man done man Aircraft vehicles printing. There's a lot of stuff going on the medical field as far as analytics for large amounts of data for planning or petting information or huge amounts of data they're going to be collected by unmanned aircraft or manned aircraft like the F-35 we're going to need to have an Algorithm is going to look through all that stuff to quickly find it. Otherwise, we'll we'll be buried in this stuff so This is all happening the Secretary of Defense The prior and the current I've got a lot of activities going on Dr. Griffin's got a lot of money for long-range precision fires for Cybert hyper hypervelocity Weapons for directed energy for lasers all this is happening and we're testing and we'll get there because we got to go fast so you you You mentioned the 180 3d printers and the fact you're producing over a hundred think around 125 ground and 83 aviation parts You kind of stole my question on that one I'm very intrigued at how that changes the whole calculation of how we think about or have thought about traditionally about readiness and Really in terms of verses for the most part a ready for force versus a force for deployed and ready to fight tonight It seems like this capability allows us to finally break out of that versus that supply versus demand That whole notion of having the cycle all the way back to home station terra firma here in the United States for quote-unquote readiness and Moves us more towards I think what the Chairman's even talked about in terms of combined Joint readiness a continuum of readiness. I just wondered what you thought about that. Well, I think It's I think it's kind of intuitively obvious if I can make it. I don't have to I don't put in the requisition I don't have to wait for it to get sent back I don't have to wait for the DHL flight if they can get there to arrive or five months see in the middle of the ocean And I can print apart for whatever I don't have to wait weeks and weeks and weeks and there's still stuff We have that's legacy and it's there may not be a vendor for the people that did that stuff may have gone out of business But we can still scan it and then and make the part So the ground vehicles are easier because if you make something out of metal and it breaks the vehicle just stops So if you if you make something for an airplane and it breaks, you know falling out of the sky is really not an acceptable option So there's got to be a metallurgy and there's got to be a quality control and there's got to be a certain Skill level there, but but we'll continue to work that so we you know as in what we found is most successful is Get a bunch of young Marines We have there's a makers lab that we have and there's a group of people that help train them And they kind of open their eyes to the stuff and then they start thinking about well, I can make this I can make this So for me that the aha moment was in the sounds this is really kind of small But I think it speaks to the potential is so as a wet rainy afternoon in November a couple years ago and we were on our way home and they go Hey, we're gonna stop it at the logistic squadron the aviation logistic squadron and it's Friday And I saw on the Marines. They've been waiting. Okay, so we'll go see him. So I walk in this big kind of van Shipping container van where they because expeditionary shelter and there's this last couple there And he's showing me that he had printed a switch a knob for a intercom an intercom so I'm like So what's the big deal, I mean great great job, right so he says So so but what he said was but so you don't understand is that so the unit of issue I can't buy this knob. I have to buy the whole plate For the ICS box and that plate and all that stuff cost me $11,000. I Printed this for two and a half cents. I Said make a whole bag of them He says but I don't have authority to put the knob on I said You Are granted my authority as a common on the Marine Corps to put this knob on that switch on that intercom box And so I mean there's so we've gone back through the naval bureaucracy enable air and say hey look and so you gotta go there's a process But now that process is there and said so there's you know, hey, we want to print this Marines. Hey Can we print this can we print this we want to print this you want to make this this tool here We can print this so like whoa. I said no I told them to go do this so now we have to create the process to where you you Acknowledge it and you approve it and So I think it's just gonna go. I mean I that's how many we've gotten done that doesn't say how many are waiting Right, but but the metal print in plastic and polymers. I mean there's a lot of stuff We make I mean I could give you other examples where rather than wait for something simple We just print it and we just put it on and it's good enough it works and if it breaks, okay There's a bag of them put another one on but back now, sir I don't know. It's probably hanging inside that probably hanging inside that airplane. I hope but But the metal thing is really when you start to print steel aluminum titanium and and other composites That's when it'll really start to take off I'm haunted again by my earlier question and a conversation That's really been a common thread throughout all the panels today And this is this question of whether or not what about allies? What about partners? Whether we are at risk of Unintentantly outpacing allies and partners particularly with this kind of technology what we can do this within ourselves on the fly Concerns any kind of concern. No, I don't think so. I mean it's partners No, but I think particularly I mean for that in manufacturing not at all because I think in many cases Many of our partners are ahead of us in the machines that do this. We're buying them from them So I I'm not I'm there. They're more they're aware of this And they're knowledgeable of this. I think the big thing is probably the command and control and Being able to access Space and the network and all that and being able to be particularly in a classified domain because that's where those things As you know, they start to rub against each other and people get Concerned that that stuff is going to leak over and then that allow you to get in not just not from them but from anybody so the security of the network and is is a big deal and so we need to be you know, we need to be Witting to that because to me that's That's where the fight is going to begin and it could end right there So I'm gonna ask you one more question and we'll open it up to the living room. Okay conversation in the My final question for you sir is just let me ask you one more question and It's this as you continue to identify assess recruit and train Marines Do you foresee any challenges or necessary changes given the differences in various generations? Will Marines in the future be the same as Marines today? I've actually had young Marines asked me this question because I think they sense that you know, obviously they're digitally they're digital natives and They grew up in a different way.  They're smart and but you know, I think it's you know We look at each generation and try to figure out. What is there? What kind of makes them do what they do but at the end of the day? I think I think it's the same for the Army the Navy the Air Force or the Coast Guard I mean if you want there are young men and women out there a virtual character They want to serve and it's up to us to bring a man teach them if we need to teach them or reinforce the values and culture They already have make sure they understand. This is not about them It's about the team and that they're not here to make a lot of money they're here to serve and They're here to execute orders to the best of their ability and that they have to be disciplined focused and Selfless and you they are they're gonna constantly be asked to do to deny themselves They're gonna have to deny themselves They're gonna have to forego what their normal natural inclination is to do something for themselves To do what's right for the good of the group and good of the unit and I think that's I think that's I don't think that's impossible. I'm I'm I have great confidence. I mean everybody's worries about you read the history What about the next generation and they're not gonna and they always seem to Must step up and do their job. So at the same time, I think it's up to us That we have to set the right example. We have to model our behavior we have to not just talk the talk but walk the walk and Hold ourselves accountable and along with them. And if we do that, I think we'll be fine who Ross are Let's open it up just for the record the soldier said who Ross I did I did so I had to practice that for that Was very well done. Hey, it's like you get your foreign language credit for that But not the extra pay no pay we don't need any people more people that speak Marine Henry Thank You Commandant. Thank you so much for coming. It was a fascinating conversation. So I I'm the designated Game of Thrones fan in this audience. I was really disappointed last night. Were you I was I was Why there's a lot of you know, John Snow and the Khaleesi flying around in the dark in a dragon. I mean like do something Another example that your weather's bad air support could be a problem That's the line of the day But on a more serious note, although it may not sound it Yeah, Arya Stark is one of the top warriors of the game of Thrones and she's Absolutely awesome and I wonder to what extent seeing women like that as warriors absolutely as warriors skills and Powerful to what extent that changes the ability to recruit women and to engage with women You know in a core of true warriors Well, I'm really proud of the women that not just serve in the US military But particularly those that serve in the Marine Corps and we've increased the number of women in the last few years to buy about 1600 not to the degree that I wanted to because We're trying to find talent Whoever they might be the most talented men and women that want to serve so When when we went through the process of you know integration of all units and MOS's we knew that would be a phase-in period and so it's been pretty slow, but the numbers are there and But at the end of the day, it's all about standards So, you know, I think most people know what they're good at and what they want to do And if that's what you interest you to be in a close combat or a ground combat unit And you meet the standard then you'll be given that opportunity to compete and do that job so, you know, I You know, there's there's I mean I'm as I travel around and see Marines I'm always impressed by All Marines and what they're able to do and their physicality and their motivation and their drive So I'm I don't I mean to me that issue Is not something I I spend a lot of time on every day I'm you know I want to make sure that remains put in the late in the position in the organization where they can Contribute them most effectively and where they feel that their talents are being used In the best way and if they meet the standard then they they get the job full stop Sir, please Auto-carriage or c-power magazine you have made They mentioned the tough decisions on changing the rifle squad But you know some more even more difficult decisions in reducing your infantry You're all three grunts In order to put your manpower into other things cyber special ops Communications those kind of things, you know, how's that going going? Are you getting the people you need in those those skills and are you seeing any any? kickback from from the the grunts on Downsizing your infantry Battalions no the infantry of the most understanding group in the Marine Corps, so they're fully on board I'm sure there's I mean we we still talk about this But the real point of the question is you know, we we did not know at the time What our end strength was going to be and we felt that it was critically important that we create these other capabilities Whether it be increased intelligence analysis whether it be cruise increased electronic warfare where there was increased cyber capability whether it was increased Information operations and how you're gonna leverage the information domain and there were some other things so It was a it was a difficult Decision to make but I think now looking back at it. I think it was the right one We'll see in the next ten years because I think we've seen the that the battle goes on every day in the information domain Many of which many of you are involved in that in that contest So We're always managed in risk We continue to have discussions about do we have too much of this and not enough of this, you know You're always hedging your bets So I you know, do we have too much, you know too many Vehicles do we need this much lift our vehicles too heavy? Can we get them on ship? How are we gonna get them to the fight? So we're always in that kind of give and take in fact we had another discussion today about it So it'll never end and I think as we look at our potential adversaries and see the capabilities that they're building I think we We got to look at that because if you don't pay attention what your adversaries are doing and what what they're and you Don't learn from them Then you're not gonna be a good position if and when you have to compete with them and we compete with them every day Gentlemen in the back here, please Thank you, sir at the beginning of your marks you mentioned how the Marines generally are Pacific oriented looking Branch, how would you how do you describe the Pacific challenge today as opposed to World War two when the Marines Sort of made their reputation in the minds of many Americans of that generation Obviously China's a rising power in Japan's not the adversary any longer, but Distances are the same. How would you assess the differences that you're looking at please? Thank you. I Mean you the geography is geography You can't you can change geography, but in the Pacific I mean the fact you've had these huge distances and the geography is very similar to what what the nation faced in 1941 and even some of the places where the Chinese are trying to influence things with One Belt One Road and the network and all the stuff I mean, it's a very effective strategy where they where they have operationalized capital to come in and try to influence governments That have give them a geo geopolitical position so It won't be the same it's not the same But if you look at the ground and the and the distances out there there are some comparisons So I think we're competing out there in that area I mean the Marine Corps lay down when the beginning of World War two the Marine Corps was probably very It was probably under 50,000. I don't know the exact number at the end at the end of World War two We were 400,000 six divisions and five airwings and and then after the war went down to about 80,000 and then the strength came back up for Korea and I can you know show you this so The lay down that we came up with just about two-thirds of the operational Marine Corps is on the in the Pacific working for a commander of Indo-Pacon So that's where the force is it doesn't mean that's where we have to employ ourselves But the strategy tells us that's where our focus should be So we're watching what's going on in all the different places not just in the Pacific with throughout the world and you know, you can look at You know, there are certain Geographical choke points if then part of the mission of the Navy is to control sea lines of communication to facilitate commerce and The safe passage of energy and other things So I think you can kind of figure out where the key points are And I think the Navy the Marine Corps are trying to position themselves to where if we had to control those areas Or any other area that we'd have the wherewithal to do that, which is what our mission is and Season secure advanced naval bases in the prosecution of a naval campaign conducts sustained land operations ashore in support of that campaign That's how you say it Sir Right here right here in the middle. Just wait for the mic, please. Thanks How do you help facilitate the coming home of Marines and in line of the crisis with suicide? You know, that's a difficult question So I think at the beginning of OIF we realized that we didn't really have a plan And we anticipated a lot because what we learned from other armies like particularly the Israeli army that there had to be a way to bring warriors back and people back who had seen the horrors of combat or had just been through that trauma and We came up with a program and there was part of a transition But and we tried to track those people and then when you saw other people that we became home with wounds Physical wounds that we could see and then later on wounds. We couldn't see we created a wounded warrior regiment to try to Take care of those Marines follow up on their care and make sure that they had a lifeline or somebody to call So fortunately until a couple weeks ago. We hadn't had a Marine dying combat since 2016 Staff Sergeant Cardin was killed in Northern Iraq and then we had the three Marines killed in Afghanistan a couple weeks ago And you saw I think most people saw the funeral of Staff Sergeant Slutman up in New York City. He'll be buried at Arlington tomorrow The suicide that we're experienced that we're having now Is very different and I mean I'll put the veteran suicide over here on the side but last year we had The highest number Marines take their own lives was 58 in the active force and Another 18 in the reserve force and the great great great majority of those Marines have never deployed That doesn't mean they didn't have trauma. They didn't have something in their lives. And so we're we're trying to figure out Where we now you're never gonna have enough mental health capability, but we have probably the greatest amount of mental health capability We've ever had we've set up Tried to train the force to be to be aware of this try to encourage people to seek out try to Make people understand, you know, what's going on, but we're still having a hard time and So I'm I'm of all the stuff that's happened since I've been in this office That's probably one of the ones that's the most frustrating to me Because you know and again I Can profile it I can give you reasons I explain it to you But it doesn't change the fact that it's it's still an issue So we'll look we'll continue to work on it, but if there's if there were a Specific answer than the Army the Navy the Air Force and the Marine Corps would have found it We would have implemented it sir and then Sir, good afternoon George Nicholson the special operations horses foundation a little over a year ago You were the Atlantic Council and you stood up and you said the biggest threat the Marines face in the future is The dependence upon GPS and sitcom and you alluded that you had been in Afghanistan the month before and Ask one of Marines were driving around with to show you something on the map and they said we don't use maps anymore We've got smartphones and we've got got tablets There was an earlier panel here on the what the US military will be doing in space in 2030 What's your comfort level about what's being done to solve your concern and question? Well first of all like if you went to the field and saw Marine unit and if they didn't have a map in their pocket pocket I'd be pretty upset Because we're we're operating and training at least our major exercises on the assumption that the network is Likely not going to be there or it's going to be intermittent or worse It's not reliable. In other words what you see is not true That's to me the biggest threat. It's up. It looks the normal, but it's off and So I I think The creating a I mean we there is a space command it's part of stratcom now To emphasize this to understand that the the priority of space is the ultimate high ground I think that's a good idea I think we need to be more active in being able to protect the satellites and put a new constellation up there and quickly establish More communication satellites if they are if they're lost for whatever reason but I think everybody realizes that This is the number one issue for the Department of Defense is a reliable resilient recoverable network and We all accept the fact that it's going to it's not going to be there a hundred percent like it's been the last 17 years because There's been nobody to contest it there will be in the future at the same time You still if you lose a network you're you can't just stop and throw your hands up You know you've got other means to communicate you've got other means to navigate and There's other ways to deliver a precision munition other than with GPS or to find your way or to drive or get your timing and You know if we got to go to HF radio and paper maps and yellow stickies and messengers and land Landline and wire Then we'll do that if we have to but that But hopefully if we have to do that we've done the same thing to the other guy and in the adversary We're fighting on a level playing field, but to me that's that's gonna be the first salvo of whatever competition there is I mean that that goes on if I'm not gonna speak for General Nakasone But if he were here or any of his folks he'd tell you that fights going on every day every second right now One more question, ma'am Sharon Burke from New America and trying to figure out the right way to ask this question You mentioned China's Belt and Road Initiative and their geopolitical positioning and that it's a successful strategy The national defense strategy is really focused on lethality and on great power competition and and Where does the Marine Corps and the Department of Defense fit in our? Overall strategy and I say this advisedly with you know down the hall from us where we're sitting right now is the agency for international development Which is losing people and consumed in a reorganization state departments in the same kind of condition We're what's our strategy? How do we how does the Marine Corps fit into a broader strategy with the focus on lethality these days? Well, I remember the strategy has three parts the first is increased lethality and and readiness of the force The second one is build and maintain alliances and partnerships And you can't do that unless you're out there with your partners Building new partners maintaining the alliances of partnerships you have and you do have to do that by being physically present and Obviously the interagency piece is part of that for the military You know for the naval force we see ourselves in the strategy talks about the contact force which is out for deployed Postured and so we're out there every day training with our allies moving through the battle space The adversary sees us We're out there competing with them below the level of conflict trying to ensure that our allies understand we're gonna be there they can trust us they can we're reliable and The economic piece is something that we work with the embassy on So it could so it's not just they can't just be that the am and dime has got to be the diplomacy the information in the economy so We are all about Increasing the capability of whether it's USA ID or people doing Peace Corps or anything else in the in the area But at the same time, you know, we may be able to create an entry point there or go there Along with other American agencies so in the South Pacific for example throughout ocean and Micronesia all those islands We probably could use a little more coverage a little more help, but you know, we're out there Admiral Davidson's out there working to try to get us into all these places We haven't been because we know that others are gonna go there and And they're gonna try to influence the action and we we can't just rely on our good Well good will and the fact that people probably would like to work with us More than others if you don't have something to provide them whether it be Rebuild the school fix the power grid pave the road increase the depth of the port improve the airport Whatever it is. You got to do something And I think there's I think there's clearly a recognition within a department I think within the government that that's where we need to go and not just our government I think it's with our partners throughout the Pacific and throughout the NATO and other places in Africa We can't be everywhere So we have to be very specific on where we go and focus on those places where are critically important to us But at some point I mean that you mentioned the Chinese I mean they are expanding and at some point though If you get too big You potentially could cure your own vulnerabilities, but We'll see what happens, but I'm confident that there's a recognition Within the within the government that that's what we need to go and then just like you know I don't think anybody in the military wants to see a reduction in any of the what you would call soft power things because that's really What at the at the end of the day is going to help keep us from going to war which is our ultimate goal And so with that we are out of time. Please everyone join me in thanking the commandant