Kevin Durant, who is best known as the star basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the NBA, has snatched some pretty luxurious real estate throughout California, including a lavish abode in Oakland Hills when he was a member of the Golden State Warriors, and a luxurious dig in Malibu, California. In addition, Durant had previously owned a home in Oklahoma City where he had started his NBA career. After recently selling the pair of California homes, the one in Malibu sold in 2019 for a whopping $12.1 million, which boasted beachfront views in the home in Oakland Hills that went for a tad under $6 million, which was also right off the beach. It's a bit of a head scratcher why Durant decided to leave California. We'll take a look at the former homes of Kevin Durant, including that $12 million home that boasted his own private theater and elevator, plus his former home in the Bay Area that boasted a whopping seven bedrooms, eight bathrooms, and over 9,000 square feet. Ladies and gentlemen, this is a house tour you don't want to miss. In these videos, we don't reveal any addresses, so please do not show up at any private residences because it is not safe for anyone. While tearing it up in the NBA and using a burner account, Kevin Durant has garnered a net worth of $170 million. In addition to being a recognized town on the court, he is also one of the highest earning basketball players in the world. Off the court, thanks to multiple lucrative endorsement deals. Between June 2019 and June 2020, Kevin earned $65 million from his various endeavors alone. After spending three seasons with the Golden State Warriors in 2019, Kevin signed a four-year, $164 million contract with the Brooklyn Nets. Now, after earning a whopping $40 million per year from an NBA salary, Kevin also earns an astonishing $26 million per year from Nike. These two sources alone give him $66 million in annual income. In addition to the massive payday from Nike, Kevin clears an additional $10 million from endorsements with Gatorade, Degree, and many more. So in a given year, $40 million plus $26 million plus an additional $1 million. Do the math. Nets will never have to worry about eating again. In addition, Kevin has also made a number of venture capital investments. He owns small stakes in a number of companies, including Postmates and Investment App Acorns, with more than 40 early-stage technology investments. And to top it all off, Kevin's media company has production deals with Fox, ESPN, Apple, and Showtime. Now, Durant's personal life is kept mostly private by the sports star, with little information available. He is known to have dated Bay Area Property Salesperson Cassandra Anderson, and was previously engaged to former WNBA star, Monica Wright, until 2014. However, in 2018, Durant spent $12 million to buy a beachfront home in Malibu, California. In May 2019, he listed the home for sale for $13.4 million. He also owns several properties in the Oklahoma City area. In 2013, he listed his residence in the upper-class Cub Villa, neighborhood for $1.9 million. Hey, what's going on, guys? It's your boy, Marlon Palmer, and today we're back with another house tour here for you on Favorites Entertainment. I know 95% of you guys watching right now are not subscribed, so please hit that Subscribe button because we post new videos daily. Now, we've previously reported on the homes of Miley Cyrus and Justin Timberlake, so if you'd like to check those out, they're on our channel right now. Bring that bell for notifications, follow me on Instagram at that doom and fly so we can chat some more, and let me know who's house tour is next in the comments down below. Let's get into the video. Kevin Durant's first real estate venture was while playing for his first NBA franchise, the Oklahoma City Thunder. Two years after he initially tried to sell his Oklahoma City home for $1.9 million, the NBA Megastar put the house back on the market, nearly a 50% price cut. The home was last listed for $1.9 million. The dig featured 5,700 square feet and boasted five bedrooms and six bathrooms. The beautiful contemporary home in Gallardia's gated club neighborhood and is situated on two last-step features of main house and a large guest house. An elegant pool is situated between both homes which is encompassed by mature trees to ensure ample privacy. The main house features three bedrooms while there are two located in the guest house. Both homes offer loaded kitchens and family areas ensuring pure suburban luxury. Upon entry, their boat features a soaring entryway and a living room with a vaulted ceiling, a fireplace, and several seating areas for entertaining. The kitchen with its checkered floor, a steel countertop, and high-end appliances is a chef's delight. More opulence can be found in the red-wailed master bedroom which features high ceilings and blonde wood planks. As Kevin Durant's salary and earnings went up, so did his real estate portfolio. The home which he rented during his time with the Golden State Warriors was last listed on the market for $5.9 million. The massive dig features a whopping 9,000 square feet and both seven bedrooms, eight bathrooms. The most dramatic entrance features a circular driveway that comes complete with a manicured grounds and beautiful greenery. Upon entry through the luxe glass front doors, this lavish home features soaring ceilings tall enough for Kevin Durant's 6'10 frame. An elegant spiraling staircase and a nomers floor to ceiling windows, these oversized windows offer breathtaking views of the bay and San Francisco skyline and give the home an airy and roomy ambiance. Guests lucky enough to visit can take the curb staircase leading to the upper or lower levels or relax in one of the many living spaces that boast elegant paintings and contemporary art. The kitchen features all the custom built-ins, marble countertops, stainless steel appliances and an island beautifully centered in the room. The bathroom features elegant tiling and marble tops and a nomers stand and shower and a soaking tub that boasts a spectacular skyline view. The bedroom features a combination of oversized windows to give the room life, lavish furnishings and contemporary paintings to give the room more personality. Probably the most luxurious features include an in-home theater that features cozy leather furnishings perfect for binging some ball. In addition, Durant also had his own private basketball half court in case he felt like shooting some hoops of course. The backyard is pretty luxe too as it boasts a perfectly trimmed green lawn, concrete terrace and a pool that steps away from an outdoor wet bar. Probably the most glamorous of Kevin Durant's purchases was his 12 million dollar Malibu home that boasts a 5100 square feet and came complete with the four bedrooms and six bathrooms. The multi-level home underwent an extensive remodel in 2013 and boasts spectacular ocean and whitewater views at this right off Broad Beach. Situated on a private gated street, this home features vaulted ceilings with an open floor plan and walls of glass showcasing a majestic cove. The home is decked out with wide plank French oak flooring throughout and features an expansive great room with a cozy fireplace. Not to mention throughout the home, there are ocean front views from the oversized windows, giving the house an airy and roomy ambiance. One living room in particular features a breathtaking ocean view that comes complete with a dining table with seating for 10 steps away from the Calcutta Marble kitchen. Complete with four bedrooms and six bathrooms including the master retreat and private guest suite with a spa and balcony leading to the beach not too shabby. Other features include a massage and exercise loft which is perfect for post-game workouts. And hey if you pull something lifting weights you can get from all levels of Durant's home elevator. In addition Durant's dig includes a library and home office where he probably signed a big endorsement contract or two. Let's dive into the six features. While Durant's home does boast its own private theater that could see this whole team a wine cellar for those that fancy a Chardonnay of course and wet bar for those sick sick parties. Not to mention the dig features surround sound throughout the home and with all the balconies one of which that features a hot tub, fireplaces and flat screen televisions. It's safe to say that this would be a pretty dope spot to party. Alright so I think I'll bring this house tour to an end here. We got to take a look at Kevin Durant's homes and that massive massive house in Malibu with beachfront property like that's just beautiful. After seeing that fancy house he snags what did you guys think? Was it everything you would expect out of Kevin Durant? Personally I was a huge fan of those living spaces like just the open views of the beach and the ocean views is that that's me right there. Out of Durant's features which ones were your fave? You guys can go ahead and rate them in the comments down below. I'd also love it if you guys would subscribe to my personal channel DadDudeMcFly for more videos and hit us up to tell us whose house tour you'd like to see next in the comments down below. I'll see you guys next time.


Welcome to a new Fixing Fashion video. So in this video we're going to show you how to upgrade your clothes. Because in the last videos we've seen how to care for it and repair it to keep it longer. But now we're going to really modify it and change it. Sometimes it's about combining shirts together or shortening the pants or giving it a new color. All right so before we start make sure to check the basic sections in our academy where you can see some basic stitching and sewing techniques which you're going to need in this video. And if you have any questions or want to chat make sure to join our discord. All right so now let's dive into it but to be honest I don't know anything about this topic but Alicia knows. Hi I'm Alicia and I'm going to be your help for today. So before you waste your clothes or left them for donating there are many ways to upgrade them or customize them. So we've divided all these techniques in four chapters. So in this chapter I'm going to show you how to resize. And being able to resize gives you the power to wear everything. For instance that 70s jacket from your dad or something that you saw on the vintage shop and you couldn't fit. Or for instance Dave's vintage pants. So Dave wants shorts as he's moving to Portugal. And before he wants to make them shorter we need to know where we want to cut it. So I like to fit them on and I want to buff the knees. So that's where I pin it. Then take them off. Flat them on the table and mark down from the edge of the leg to your mark. Then I want to use the same length all around the leg. And then do the same for the back. So this is going to be your cutting line. And now you can chop it. Quick tip you can also use your scraps for other sewing projects. So now this is done and we did this kind of with a roll edge a roll finish. But you can also do it with a clean finish. And now to do this you can find an academy. So we just made the pants shorter and now we're going to make the pants smaller. As these are way too big for me on the hips. And I need to take the excess fabric off. But before I'm going to do that I need to turn them inside out. After you turn them inside out you need to put them on and pin down the excess fabric. Then you can mark down your new sewing line. Quick tip put the pins in the opposite direction so you can sew over it. Then chop it off make sure not to be too close to your sewing line. So now I finish it off with a little zigzag stitch. So these are now finished and this is my result. To make them more neat you can always iron it. So with these pants we resized the side seams. And we made it from an XL now to a size M. So these were my dad's wedding pants and as you can see this is kind of a lot of excess fabric so it's kind of too big. So we resized them to make it smaller and now a smaller person fits it. So this skirt was too short. The brown was the original one and we extended it with this lighter piece of fabric. So these dark pink pants were the original pants and they were too short. So we extended them with old pants that were actually being thrown away. So here we changed the t-shirt by putting an elastic in there and now you can change the shape or the length from it. So these were a few examples of resizing. Now if you don't like your clothes anymore or you want to give it a new function you can bring it to a next level. Next up, remake. So in this chapter we're going to remake and you can go pretty well with this one. As for instance I can combine this shirt with a stain together with a shirt with a print that I don't like. So let's do it. I did want to combine two shirts together that are around the same size. So now I'm going to fold to see how we want to cut it. We want to hide a bit of the print and remove the stain.  Then you can cut it and then you can do the same on the other shirt. So these are the ones you want to use. Any other ones are good for patching. So now you want to pin these together. Good side on good side. Starting with the collar. So now we've pinned them all together back and front and it's now inside out so it's time to sew. Then we sew together with the zigzag stitch. So now this is done front and back and now it's time to make a normal jeans into a workwear jeans. Okay so let's say you have these pants. You love them.  So let's add a new function to it by adding new pockets to it and now they are workwear jeans. So before you make your pockets you need to have patterns. And the cool thing is is that if you make them yourself is that you can fit them to your tools perfectly. So we're pinning our pattern on some leftover denim as we want this to be durable for our workwear jeans. Then I can cut it. I don't need to cut a one centimeter allowance extra as it is already in my pattern. Then you can remove the pins. Then repeat the steps for all the pockets and then you have them all ready. So before you pin your pockets on your pants you need to topstitch the opening of the pockets first as later on you can't reach them. So now you can pin the pockets where you want them. So to make the pocket extra strong I want to do a double topstitch. And quick tip, I can use the side of the foot as my guideline on the side of the pocket to stitch straight. It's now finished. We added two more pockets on the front and on the side and a holder. So now you can start working. So here we added some pockets and a loop to give it some more workwear functionality. So here we combine two sweaters together and you can create patterns with it. For instance here a jacket pattern. So here we added the pockets to the sweater to make it more functional. So here we combine two shirts together in the most impossible cut. So on this pants we put some buttons on the sides extra and on the back. And now we can put an apron on the side or the back or wherever you want. And we made this apron from half a skirt. But you can also use half of a jeans or pants. So here we combine two shirts together. One at the stain and one we didn't really like the print from. So we put them together. So here we combine two shirts together and we did it in a curved shape. And the nice thing is we're combining is that you can do it also in a negative way so you don't have any waste. So here we combine two garments into a dress and it actually is two men's shirts. So with this dress we combine two shirts together and instead of t-shirts you know have a dress. And to make it more fit you can then tie the sleeves to the back. So this dress was kind of too large so we resized it with the overcast stitch which is quite a visible option. We did it in the middle of the dress on the back of the front. We did it on the bust and we did the same stitch as a detail on the edges of the dress. So here we sliced up two shirts diagonally. So this creates a pattern and with this one to connect them with each other we used a lock machine. So here we combine two shirts and we sliced them up in more diamond shapes which create this kind of pattern. You can get a more punky feeling when you wear the stitches from the outside or you can wear it with the seams on the inside and then it looks like this. So for these pants we had two worn out pants first and then we combined them together and used only the good sides. So on this coat we added something functional. So here you can see the strip and we made different kinds of widths and stitching so you can add for instance a phone to it but also a pant. So in this chapter we're going to recolor as sometimes your clothes are kind of fine still but you've got them stained or the colors are faded or you got a bit sweaty and they become a bit yellowish like over here. So there are two ways of recoloring them. The natural way and the chemical one. Let's start with the chemical one. The chemical dye is a quite an easy and quick fix way of recoloring your shirt. You have them in many colors and you have them in many brands but it does have an environmental impact but it also could save us shirts. So the choice is up to you but first let us show how to do it. Here we have a pile of mixed clothes. We put them wet in the washing machine, put the dye in, turn on the machine and wait. So this is how it came out. As you can see some are fully colored some are lighter shade and some didn't dye that much.  More about this in Academy. So let's go to natural dyeing. So now I'm going to show you a little bit of the natural dyeing as it is already done for ages but we've got a little bit about it and now we see it coming back. As it is environmental friendly as you will be surprised what comes out of orange peels or avocado peels or for instance a red cabbage. The only downside is that it is very experimental but that could also be fun, depends on you. So let's color that sweaty shirt. So let's say you have this sweaty shirt. Before we start dyeing we want to prepare it first and then it's done in two steps. So the first step is scoring.  Then the second step is mornening and this really helps to dye bite in the fabric. So here you see an unprepared shirt and a prepared shirt. And here you see that the sweat is totally out all the dirt is out and it's really almost back to its natural color. So for the recipes have a look in academy and we'll give you some tips and tricks on how to do this. For now we're going to dye this one with avocado. So first we bring a big pot of water to a boil. So once it's boiling we can start putting in our pigments which is avocado. So this has now been boiling for an hour so I can see the skins out of my dye.  Now you can take a wet shirt into your dye bed and leave it in as long as you want to like the color. This is going to take a while and we like to leave it overnight but we already prepared a shirt yesterday and this is the result. A very nice baby pink avocado dyed shirt. So this is just avocado. So here let me show you a few tests what we did with natural dyeing. We tried different kinds of textiles out so they give different kinds of shades.  Here we tried out red onion peels, yellow onion peels, turmeric, chamomile. And then you have the dyes that give different kinds of color shades from one product.  And then you can also mix up dyes together. For instance coffee and russ water will give it a more black. Then you have the red cabbage and with the red cabbage you can dye with its original color which is a bit more blue-purple but you can play with its pH level and then you can add more acid which is lemon juice and becomes more pink. Or you can make more natural with baking soda and becomes more green-blue. So let me show you a few examples applied on clothing. So we dyed this shirt with some avocado skins and the nuts and we left it overnight and then it gives it a more salmon color. So here we dyed a pair of jeans with acorns and we created the pattern with a chivalry technique. So these were just a few examples on how to recolor your garment but sometimes you don't want to recolor the whole entire garment. You just want to do it on specific places which creates a print and that brings us to the next chapter, decorate. One way of decorating can be by creating patterns. For instance with the technique chivalry hereby you fold the garment and you press it and put it in a dye pad which creates this kind of pattern. Another way of making a pattern can be the tie-dye. In this way you tie this all together and put it in a dye pad and it creates this more spacey pattern. Then the last one you can do way more freestyle and do it with a brush and you can create any kind of pattern that you want. So another way of decorating can be making prints. And making prints can be done with for instance textile markers as you can see for instance over here. Don't do this with normal markers as they might fade out in the washing machine. Or you can use for instance transfer paper and print out the prints that you want out of the printer and iron it on your garments. You can do this for instance to cover up a stain or to add a logo to your garments. And the last technique of decorating can be used with a single thread for instance when you're using embroidery techniques like over here. This can be done for personalizing it or you can use embroidery stitches when you are already patching up something for instance here or you can use it while you're resizing a garment by using a decorative stitch for making it smaller or you can express yourself with your sewing machine by creating a whole abstract painting.   These pants are dyed in bleach. So these pants had already a bleach stain on there so we decorated it and made a pattern out of more bleach stains and with a brush. So here we decorated the jacket by tracing the existing seams with just textile markers. As you can see here the pockets and here the back lining. So here we decorated the shirt to cover up a stain with textile markers. So we decorated this dress with some transfer paper. We used the transfer paper to cover up a stain over here but to draw not too much attention on that cover up we used the transfer paper all over the dress. So here we decorated the coat by stitching over the existing stitches with a contrasting collar. So here we decorated the pants with an embroidery stitch and as you can see the area of the embroidery is getting kind of worn out so we also used it as a repair. Okay that was it. Hopefully you got super excited about all the techniques you saw in this video. For now if you want more information go to our academy and use hashtag fixing fashion to join our community and if you have any questions go to our discord. Thanks for watching this video and I hope to see you next time.


Reactions have continued to trail the signing of the Electoral Amendment Bill. The Senate on Friday commanded President Buhari for signing the Electoral Bill, which is now the legislative framework for the conduct of elections in Nigeria. A statement by the chairman of the Senate Committee on Media and Publicity Senator Ajibullah Bashir congratulated the Ninth Assembly for the innovative provisions in the Electoral Act. The act addresses obvious lapses that have inhibited credible elections in Nigeria. I want at this point commend Mr. President for being there to ensure that any challenge as far as the passage of the Electoral Act Amendment Bill was concerned, he ensured that it didn't stop us from going further to reach the end in a conclusive way. Today marked the most important part of this exercise when Mr. President signed the Electoral Act Amendment Bill 2010 into law. For us in the Ninth National Assembly, this is a fulfillment of one of our cardinal objectives in our legislative agendas in the two chambers. And of course, for the administration too, this is one very important piece of legislation that this administration will be quick to Nigerians, especially when it comes to the Electoral Environment, where we always feel that we must improve on what we have met and by the time we leave, the Electoral Climate must be better in terms of integrity, in terms of transparency and ensuring that every vote counts.


Are you celebrating Dia de los Muertos this year? Versions of the holiday have been around for thousands of years, but more and more people of all backgrounds have taken on some of the traditions, starting with building an altar. But if you're considering making one, be respectful of the culture and meaning behind it. The key is to make your friend that you're own while still honoring the tradition. And there are four elements to keep in mind. Whether it's for a family member, a pet, or even a celebrity, ofrendas are a chance to honor those who are no longer with us. It's the one night of the year to be with those who have passed on. Make a count.


The state canaries, the same Christian members in the RODX, if you want to know my sense of it, the legal space. What comes as a particular state, at the other side, I think I don't really think from that perspective. I would like to confine myself with the four things that are stated in the agreement. Because in those four things, about status and place of women activities, why women are required in their disability roles, what prevents women in participation, what will be done to save the situation. I think I have prepared a four-phase note, which I have already submitted to the convener of this national seminar, so that a copy can be sent to National Commission for Women. And this four-phase note, I think it will be possible because of the possibility of time. So, in view of the time constraints, I will just go to select portions of this four-phase note. And that possibility will not talk about that other part. My other comment is being a woman, and I am the only man in the family of the panelist. So, it will not be about that other part. I will just try to share the perspective from some other aspects. And one thing which has not been covered so far, that aspect I will just share some thoughts. That is about cost, management of cost, cost of having women in our organization. It is a very sensitive issue. It is a very delicate issue. But it has got some hard realities. Both Chandranamma and Srimanamma, they talked about the ecosystem. And Dr. Deepura also, when initiating the moderation of this discussion, he also said some thoughts about the ecosystem. And in that ecosystem also, so far the discussion that we have had, one thing we have not discussed at all, or we have not mentioned about, that is about the knowledge of the condom of the law. We all are aware about this, about the reservation and all. So this is an important aspect of the ecosystem. And in view of this, there will be lots of other aspects that things will percolate down. The percentage of women in Lok Sabha has never crossed 15% because of the global average of 25%. The new requirement of this, because of this union, will be from current 82 MPs to 181 MPs, whereas every day it is 19 MPs, 29 MPs. MLA's from current 740 to 2000, whereas every day it is from a current 5% in first Lok Sabha to 15% in current Lok Sabha. We have found some reasonable trends, but we have a long way to go. That is an important part of the ecosystem. One of the parties, BJP amended this party constitution to achieve 3% reservation for women living in this organizational framework. In 2019, Bidu Javata Gauri Murisa allocated a part of Murisa's 20 month on Sabha 6 to women. In our good Congress, fielded 17 women in 40 to 12 Sabha 6 in this framework. These are part of the ecosystem. So, societies accept a fundamental role, momentarily involved, so we are going to leave it. And that is in the socialization, that is right. Chandran Musami talked about the liberal post-participation rate. Those he expressed from his presentation about maintaining the same rate in 1990s, but this is important in the period in which we live. Not only important about the statistical data, we see a proliferation of number of male and female institutions proliferation number of engineering in these colleges, and we see the female participation. Sipona is here. In 1994, when we started our, we go through the department of indigenous women's programming, we have only one women education. First class. Second class, it was two. And later on, in the 2010s, 2000s, the other two decades, it was about 50%. In some cases, it was more than 50%. From that, one of two members, that was in 1994. And that is the same rate in the digital inclusion, also we must have heard about the story of Chudamuti, leader of the engineering, engineers today in the engineering college. Now, consider the number of women engineers. So, these are some of the important indicators. And I will not talk about the articles of Indian constitution, guaranteeing equality and all these things. Preventing gender discrimination at workplace. The thing that commences that I would like to say, that the female labor force participates in this, go from institutions in engineering and management education, increasing numbers of women in many of the areas, most specific at the entry level jobs. After passing the entry level jobs, as the other families have mentioned, after marriage and after cyber, there is an increasing participation of women at the entry level jobs. But we are in a dark continent. We are in a dark continent as far as the data is concerned. How many of the women are employed? What is the cost? Why are they living in all these things? And in this regard, we should not be guided by one statement. And the statement I am reading now. Women engineers are no better or worse than men. Corporate world is ruthless, efficiency counts. Corporate sector has already come to the point where I think that we have to do the work. And we cannot come up, because women are not a better system, because normally we go. We normally do the work without the home manager, the housewife, the mother. All these things that we give. But in the corporate world, we cannot come up with a statement that a woman deserves a better manager than a male counterpart. And I know it also. In 1990s in Assam, about power city, Gampan Sayap, we had about 700 plus Gampan Sayap. In East Gampan Sayap, I have six multi-purpose women who were promoted. Each of them was granted about 10,000. And the assumption was that women are better decision makers. So they would be in a better position to handle the multi-purpose overuse. No, it cannot be. Cooperative sector Assam has got its own inherited problems. So because in the moment, we will help in producing the cooperatives in the wrong direction. Then next year, that help in getting the number of women cooperatives in the state. But if we go for the number of women cooperatives in the state of Assam, that will possibly give a very wrong result. So we are in a dark position as far as all these data are concerned. And they have inherited jobs. And they are starting to take a position, necessarily. And then we need to put various issues. Because we are talking about the women workforce in corporate. So our decision, discussion will not be complete if we will not talk about the area like recruitment. I was the placement coordinator for three consecutive years. I had the privilege of attending the continuously picking of the companies after contacting all the equipments. And most of them were discussing how long she will continue in our organization. Will she be able to relocate city goodies in the city? By going to the community's market. But we are always concerned. So they think about all these aspects. So recruitment is one in a transfer. Will they be able to relocate trading? Because how long they will speak in our organization is a question. Promotion, retention, relationship, workplace harassment, change of harassment and all these things. And attrition. All these involve cost and investment. Investment in terms of recruitment, investment in terms of competition, investment in terms of training and development. All these cost money. It requires investment. And this cost normally we talk about a monetary cost. But I would like to emphasize on two more aspects. One is the time cost, the other one is the sighting cost. Time cost, more specifically about the maternity leave or say case of childcare leave. Many times, many women have experienced poor-run opportunities. Those poor-run opportunities have got an opportunity cost. That is not counted. Money that costs in terms of salary that can be counted. That can be accounted for. But we have a lot of other issues. Time cost, more specifically in terms of workplace harassment. Many times these harassment are not reported. So this is an article on hard work business review. On how women to stay silent about harassment. That is a workplace behavior. Women are persuaded that if they remain silent, don't worry about harassment. And most of it is a sex-based harassment in the first place. It is first and permissible workplace. And this includes any women that denigrates, denies and humiliates someone on the basis of sex. So the women remain silent and they are encouraged to remain silent. Because for clear consequences at work and they think that nothing will happen. So interviews and studies reported in that particular article state how women were persuaded of raising the issues. Persuasion was on the ground that these are common, these are insignificant, and these are often the extension of the persuasion of the women. And women are also protected from the same social issues and they are also susceptible. They are also vulnerable. And in another article, management it has been asserted that the cost of finding, this is an important statement, important finding the cost of employing women in management is greater than the cost of employing women. Very important finding. And if you see that money that it costs, the time cost and the society cost, particular people cost to be much more higher. Rate of turnover, because why this cost is actually favorable. Rate of turnover about women activities is 2.5 times more. Other than this also have stated. After cyber, they may prefer to remain jobless. So rate of turnover is 2.5 times more. Half of women are very managerial if they come to their jobs late or not at all. And they have a tendency to tattoo their career. I have seen some of the women activities in Central that I will go up to deputy manager. Beyond that I will not go. Chief manager, assistant manager, BGM, CGM, those are wrong. Very far away. I will just leave myself to deputy manager. They will most of the women activities have a tendency of tattooing their career. That is an important aspect. And that has cost implications for the organization. Because organizations invest time and money on the development of these women activities. And if they decide to tattoo their career it is a global opportunity for the organization. And these women cost more not because of this ingestible gender difference and demographic related. Demographic related, we must have women in the workforce. We must have workforce diversity. We must have the different schemes of life including the corporate plus scheme. We need higher cost. And while running an operation we have to raise different cost components. 7 is a cost component. This cost component some of the items cost more, some of the items cost less. So we have to guide ourselves from that perspective. And many times, many of the organizations management projects, informal talks, we have heard about this. They have lamented that our cost is more on having the women employees. But we have to guard ourselves against this. These gender differences basically form into two categories. One is mentality. The other one is the different traditions and socialization. And the expectations of that sexes. That is where I say that we are in the dark continent. Monetary part okay, more or less accountable. We can be actually good people. We can see it. We can find out. We can find out the difference. But the other way state. It will be basically unconstitutional. Monetary is not simply a science work. But a chemical or biologically forms murder tool and psychological resistance. Biologically, a fact of when I say the traditional rules of sexes do other rules have says scientifically we have to really get it. And many kind of situation are stereotype. That men may not as community as we like to see self-reliant, risk-taking, while women are supposed to be supportive, nursing, intuitive, sensitive, and communicative. But ultimately, in corporate organizations, or otherwise in non-corporation as corporate leaders take, in Assam Police also, that they ultimately see and do as are themselves, that is a convergence of quota skills, men's, women's stereotyped, women's stereotyped, ultimately organizations need a complete set, the full range of skills. Men's attributes, women's attributes, but the managers, they have to be managers. They have to be beyond this men and women prevention domain. They have to act as managers, they have to perform as professional managers. So there has to be convergence of these things. And while doing so, there are some problems in our social system, and we talk about the English social media. Even in social media also, say, as far as Instagram demographics, 27% of Instagram users in India are women. And many times in the social media, wrong pixels of women are portrayed. And they do not have that kind of thing. And this is one aspect. And most specifically, I would like to harmonize that other aspect, which has been talked about since morning. Do the male-dominated organizations have the democratic motivation to liquidate women? That's the question. And in this regard, that month round, Parma's Sympathetic Youth Division of Faisal, the multi-national firm of pharmaceutical science, once asked a question in all simplicity and in all sincerity, the question was, why would any woman choose to be a chief financial officer rather than a full-time mother? The question is, why would any woman choose to be a chief financial officer rather than a full-time mother? That's a very simple question. But if we have to, he has that question. And we talk about, sometimes we can talk about Orundhati, what are they here? Talk about the economy. The economy is in some way. The economy and the market are in the same house. At all days, they could not communicate. They could have to communicate physically only. They didn't have the opportunity to meet each other. They were in the same house. So busy. KGFR's domain. KGFR's domain. How to strike the balance? These are, right? So that's why he asked the question, which one would choose to be a KGFR's domain or a full-time mother? So why did we have an answer to this question? Possibly we would be led by the emergence of some other patients. That is, parenting, fundamentally human. Why is that? Or women prefer to remain unemployed? Or women prefer to remain sightless and make what is significant? Unmarried. And all these things, the bank is my side. So after you see possibilities, you will find out some other avenues. Some other possibilities come with it. Man taking it may indicate a lack of career commitment for sight care. So these are issues. These are issues. So in light of all these perspectives, the decision makers, and these decision makers both may like them. Not only the women decision makers, they confirm several questions that how long the new women members will stay? How high they will climb? How will they fulfill their promise? What kind of women decision makers will get at all these things? So all these things, we have to think about the action agenda. And as it is the action agenda, our hundredth of women have already given their game. And I am not just speaking to some same kind of things. Possibly the main activities we have to take a larger role and women have to give their services. And here possibly I would just like to end my speech or talk or my perspective with that movie Chuck Dave India. I think most of you have watched that movie. And the women players are playing the game of hockey. And here in the corporate world, the women executives will have to play the game of decision making and management. They have a role to play. They have to assert themselves. But they need an energy environment. And being that energy environment, I think the women executives have a role and possibly the male executives have a role to play with this. I would like to thank you very much.


Thanks for checking out this unboxing episode. This is the BAM box. Believe it or not the May BAM box Sorry, I had to think for a minute because it is June and this is the May BAM box. Yes, they are late once again If you don't remember the April one ended up coming out in May and now the May one's coming out in June They've had some issues with some product getting out in time Which to me isn't a huge deal. Honestly, I know there are some people who get kind of upset with it I do know at least for their Big delay that they had for their April box. They are putting something additional in the June box So the next box after this that I do there should be that additional item I don't know that they're doing anything to make up for the delay of the May box They might not because it's not like crazy late and like I said is really doesn't matter to me But I'm excited for that extra item in the June June box. So that'll be fun The theme of this May box is defend space edition so With May having been what it is you can safely assume there's a Guardians of Galaxy item in there Which they had already promised so I'm excited about that other than that. I don't remember what else they said would be in here, so Guardians of Galaxy and then I don't know what you might say that looks weird as a BAM box Yeah, I know they're looking for a new box design and I think they were having some voting on some Some designs that were submitted by fans slash subscribers of the BAM box, so Hopefully they have a new design soon because when I saw this I was like that's not a BAM box I figured they would just have like more of their current design, but they went with something plain Which is just weird and just threw me off, but Hopefully there they have some cool new design soon. Sorry the this is I'm doing this on a laptop So it kind of like bounces when I'm doing that kind of stuff Put this away I'm not stab myself. It would be nice All right, here we go There's a piece of paper on the top. I don't know if there's some sort of disclaimer or saying this is what happened or whatever, but Under construction Okay, so it says pardon our progress. This is obviously not the BAM box You are used to seeing that is because we were redesigning the box. Okay, so now they're explaining why it looks like this Next month you will see a new inside design of the box and the month after that you may see a new yet Familiar looking design style to the box next month's design will be from the person who wins the design contest running on the community right now For now except this plain box knowing what's inside will be worth it Hopefully and then they have like the construction tape and you know all that so I Mean it's good that they at least give you a heads up on it. I don't think they really needed to it's just a plain box But it's the thought that counts with that and I know there are a lot of boxes that probably wouldn't even you know Have bothered so obviously tissue paper cat's gonna love it Chloe come get it. Oh, she's got a two for this time It's a two for Psyched psyched. All right, just because it's on top. Let's go ahead and do the pin first. Oh This is from damn it Battlestar Galactica Buck Rogers, I don't know Something in space from a long time ago like it look the robot looks familiar, but I just can't Can't place it right now say Feel free to to tell me what I'm missing in the No, there's better lighting when I turn it like that in the comments Feel free to let me know who this is like I know I know what it looks like I know I've seen portions of this show at some point when I was young But I just can't I want to say old Battlestar Galactica or Buck Rogers or But I may very well be wrong, but once again like the pin is very well designed once again I wouldn't care to have this particular pin. I'd be interested to see what the other options were so So we have something Something small in here. Let me just pull that out. Oh, oh, that's really cool. Actually It's a film cell from Guardians of the Galaxy. It says Guardians of the Galaxy volume, too So I don't know if it's an actually a film cell from Guardians of Galaxy 2 Yeah, the certificate of authenticity right on it. It's an actual licensed Marvel product. That's really cool Let me see if I can see what oh That's sweet. So the cell I got was just a picture of well I mean a scene a cut when it's Gamora and Drax just in the ship And it looks cool like legit It says after his Sarog sacrifice during the culmination of the Guardians first venture The tree like being known only as Groot is now in the process of regurring his body from a single twig Though once a towering giant Groot's current more diminutive form is more akin to a sapling than a redwood Still he remains an important if now More mischievous member of the eclectic Guardians So I assume he's in the scene that the film sells from but I can't see that because I don't think you're gonna be able to tell Well, if I take it out of here, I'm not gonna take it out of here. I want to keep it in there But let me see if I can get it prior gonna be able to tell Maybe you can kind of see Yeah, it's too hard to but you got your little Groot there and but this is cool This is an awesome item. I really like getting these types of things It's a really fun nice thing, especially when they're licensed like this. I love film cells I think film cells are really cool. So I like that. I like that a lot Next thing might be the art print. I believe Okay, this is actually cool. Um, so this must be their art print. Yes, and it's licensed with it's done by artist Chris Garofalo and It is number 731 out of 3,000 It's an art print of HD wells the War of the Worlds So at first I just saw War of the Worlds and I was like no not the crappy one with with Tom Cruise in it But no, it's like original War of the Worlds like actually good story Not crappy movie War of the Worlds. That's really well done. It looks really cool. It's very nice. It's classy It's classic That's cool. That's nice. I like that. I like that quite a bit. It's really well done Next thing I guess this will be the autograph. Oh That's right. Okay, so it's an 8 by 10 photo hand signed by Tom Cain Who voices Yoda in the Star Wars Clone Wars show and Certificate of Authenticity in there. Oh, that's totally cool I don't watch Star Wars Clone Wars, but for anyone who does this is pretty exciting and awesome I might be able to give this to someone. I know some people who watch this show Sorry for the glare people So you can see a little better there. It's an autograph Yeah, it's pretty cool. That's a good idea. I like it and I think that was it All right, so Let's see. Oh, they're back to their regular booklet I think last last the last one. It was just like one sheet I don't know if they were like running out of time or what happened there So there's a spoiler booklet like said defend space edition looks good. Let's go through. Oh It was all the same pin Twicky the robot Buck Rogers, okay, I was right throughout two things. I was right about one of them. So that's good They had some special limited edition ones You can see but so I'm not huge on these. I mean someone someone probably is But, you know Logo patch replica No, I did not get one of the items Oh, let me check to make sure that I didn't miss something Throw it on the ground or something Nope didn't get one of the items ouch Bambox dude, dude, dude, dude, you're gonna make up for missing an item in the June But you misplaced one of my items for this box. That is not good. So this is what was supposed to be in there It's a replica patch US CSS Nostromo In the movie alien the US CSS Nostromo was a 42 billion dollar commercial towing vessel vessel owned by the Wayland Utani Corporation So this is just you know, they do these replica things from time to time That sucks ass that I didn't actually get it although I had another box a bunch of months ago where I didn't get the pen and I sent them a message about getting it out to me and And they did but I Don't know man It kind of makes me a little hesitant now because they've had these issues with items all of a sudden and things being late And I was just gonna be fine with that. Like I said, that doesn't really bother me that much But this kind of stuff missing items in the box that bothers me because I then have to put in time to contact you As a company and say hey you forgot to put my item in and it's a way It's a waste of my time and I hate that but they're usually good with their customer service So that's the bright side of the thing I have dealt with other companies and their customer service is terrible So at least they have good customer service, but I'm very let down by this the fact that I have to Send them a message and try and get this thing and yeah Plus you can't actually see me unbox it on this video. That's another downside to it All right, so next there were two different versions of the Yoda Glossy that you could have gotten with the signature from Tom Kane I think the one that I got was the least exciting of the two But they're both good. You can kind of see the one down here What's the other one with him with the lightsaber that looks way cooler? It's more like it's getting the action kind of cool thing Then the limited-edition Guardians of the Galaxy volume 2 premiere cell and another thing to point out point out about that That movie cell is that it's for a movie that just came out like it's not even on DVD or Blu-ray or anything at this point So that's impressive to me that they were able to get it and it just came out. That's cool. I like that Yeah, so there's not really much in the text you already saw that That's it Then there are just two different versions of the war of the world's art prints I like both of them. So really it's just I mean they're about the same. It's just like color differentiation So it's just kind of what color do you like the most? I think maybe this one's a little more fun, but they're both awesome They're the same thing and then they had a giveaway for a Stanley and Kevin Smith signed Daredevil comic Wow, that's pretty cool. I don't really do the giveaways just because I don't know You have to do all sorts of social media type stuff and it just seems like pain to me But that's that's a cool giveaway item and then next month is going to be heroes and villains unlikely heroes Which is kind of a confusing Theme because it says heroes and villains unlikely heroes. I guess the villains are also heroes in a sense I don't know. We'll see though So, yeah, so that will be Next month, hopefully it's not late and hopefully all the items are there But other than that, I do think this was a very solid box This is a very nice box other than that I don't think the pin was the best idea because you're really not gonna hit all that many people who are really into this particular show But there will be some people were excited. Obviously the film's all I talked enough about that pretty impressive really cool That's just that thing. This is good for Plenty of people because I know a lot of people actually watch this show and the start prints really nice and really well done So overall, I'm happy with the box not happy with missing the item Don't really care that much that it came late, but at any rate, thank you everyone for checking this out Let's see what's in the next one with that additional item and until next time keep it brutal


All right. So we're in session two. I'm Jeff Ginsburg from Duke University. This is Resources for Pharmacogenetics Implementation. Our first speaker is Mary Relling, who's going to tell us about CPIC. What we're going to do in this session is leave about 20 minutes for each talk, 15 or so minutes for the talk, and then a few minutes afterwards for some clarifying questions. We have an hour of discussion to follow all the talks in this session, which we really can take a deeper dive into some of the strategic issues. Okay? Mary? And I'm really going to be talking about PharmGKB, which is co-led by Terry Klein and Russ Altman and Stanford, and CPIC, which Terry and I co-lead, and as I just realized this is 18 years worth of work in 18 minutes. So basically PharmGKB is a knowledge base that curates pharmacogenetic knowledge. So it does this via various ways of summarizing the data, including annotating genetic variants that are associated with phenotypic effects, cataloging FDA and other regulatory agency labels for what their effects are, and has been a leader, as we've already heard about, with the Warfarin Group in leading consortia. And just to point out that the CPIC, the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium, was one of those consortia that PharmGKB took the leadership in facilitating when we started back in 2009. And in these subsequent slides I'm going to show you examples of some of the ways in which PharmGKB curates knowledge about pharmacogenetic variants. So this kind of illustrates the degrees of knowledge that PharmGKB is summarizing, and it does include both automated retrievals of the literature in terms of pharmacogenomic knowledge as well as manual curation that their expert curators work on. They include coming up with very curated things like drug-centered pathways, giving special attention to very important pharmacogenes, and evaluating the evidence that links genetic variation with pharmacologic variation. And finally has some parts of pharmacogenetics that are involved in clinical implementation, which includes guidelines such as the CPIC guidelines. This is from the homepage at PharmGKB, and one point to make is that the PharmGKB webpages are going to have a different look and feel pretty soon. So some of these slides that I'll show you look differently than the slides that are currently up on the live site. One of the things that PharmGKB that is super useful are these annotations, and these include clinical annotations as well as information, as I mentioned, on drug labels, these pathways, and variant annotations. This is an example of a page on PharmGKB that just summarizes drug labels from the FDA, from EMA, and from other international drug regulatory agencies. It includes which drugs have markings in their labels related to pharmacogenetics, and it includes an assessment of the degree of warnings associated with that information, such as genetic testing being required, actionable pharmacogenetics, and this is updated on a regular basis. The PharmGKB pathways are extremely curated and really a unique resource in terms of pharmacology, where pathways that are both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic are summarized. And this is one example for one of our favorite drugs, methotrexate. There's a pathway that indicates how it acts in a cancer cell, and you can see the incredible number of gene products that are known to be involved in methotrexate mechanism of action, as well as the gene products that are involved in the systemic pharmacokinetic variability of methotrexate, and these are freely available on PharmGKB, updated, and usually have a publication associated with them. This is an example of a drug page for phenytoin on PharmGKB, where there's information summarized as to what kinds of warnings, how many warnings are in drug labels, how many clinical annotations there are, how many pathways are on the site, as well as basic information about drugs. So you can see that for those drugs that are annotated in PharmGKB, there's quite a bit of information. The clinical annotations come from this, again, automated and curated review of the literature that PharmGKB curators perform, where here, again, is an example of for phenytoin annotations from the literature that link genomic variation with variation in phenytoin response, and then you can get access to all of that underlying information by clicking on the hyperlinks. This level of evidence that is reflected in the clinical annotations is really important, so they go from levels one to four, with level one evidence being the highest relating genomic variability to variability in response, and, of course, for something that's clinically actionable like the CPIC guidelines, the level of evidence relating genomic variability to phenotypic variability for the drug is very high, usually levels one. They also summarize dosing guidelines on PharmGKB, so you can sort this by drug, you can sort it by gene, and they include a listing of many different professional guidelines, including, of course, the CPIC guidelines. And so, PharmGKB works extremely closely with CPIC on developing these guidelines. And in fact, Terry and I really worked to start as part of the Pharmacogenomics Research Network, CPIC partly based on a survey that we did, a survey of experts in pharmacogenetics asking them, you're an expert in pharmacogenetics, why aren't you implementing pharmacogenetic testing in the clinic at your site? And 95% of respondents said that the process required to translate genetic information into clinical actions was the major impediment to implementing pharmacogenetics with the next two responses being how to interpret the genotype tests and which gene drug pairs should be implemented. So with that in mind, we formed CPIC to create guidelines to help clinicians understand how available genetic test results should be used to optimize drug therapy. And importantly, we realized at this time that all genetic testing was becoming more common. I know that we're in this interim period where it's still not the norm, but genetic testing is getting less and less expensive all the time. And we think that eventually the challenge for clinicians is not going to be whether they should order a genetic test, but how they should use the available genetic test information to guide prescribing. And so that we assume that eventually high throughput preemptive genotyping will become more widespread. Let's not argue about whether the genetic test should be ordered. Let's pretend that we all have the genetic test results, how should we act upon it? And so our aims in CPIC are to create, curate and update freely available peer-reviewed gene drug guidelines. And then as I'll talk about in a minute, to enhance interactions with the external world. The CPIC guidelines that we have are posted on CPICPGX.org, and they highly capitalize on PharmGKB resources. They're freely available with no limits on use. They're peer-reviewed and the journal CPT has the first right of refusal to publish. They follow a standardized format with grading of evidence and recommendations. Importantly, they can be updated on the CPIC website ahead of updates to publication so we can be responsive to new data. And we have strict authorship and conflicts of interest policy and closely follow the IOM practices on clinical guidelines. It's an international consortium, so we have members from all over the world. And this is a screenshot of some of the guideline title pages in CP&T. And every one of those guidelines has its own page on CPICPGX.org where all of the information for that guideline is aggregated. Starting in 2011, we started publishing these specific gene drug pair guidelines. In blue indicates where guidelines have had to be updated. This is a total of 22 guidelines affecting 17 genes where we estimate will be at the end of 2017. Looked at another way, we divide our guidelines into those for which there's strong or moderate prescribing actions, and we call those level A gene drug pairs, those for which there's an optional prescribing action, we call that level B, and those for which we don't think any prescribing actions are possible. We call that level C, and our plan was to try to write guidelines, including all of these gene drug pairs. It turns out that we probably are not going to have the bandwidth to do the CPIC level C guidelines, which is unfortunate because these are often problems for clinicians where patients or lab companies may be pressing to do testing where actually the evidence doesn't really support that testing. The key part of every CPIC guideline is its table two, which is the prescribing recommendations based on the genotype assigned phenotype. So this is for 2C19. We divide patients into these three major phenotypic groups and have therapeutic recommendations for those groups with the classification of the recommendation, and this case is either strong or moderate in each case. And the important part of this is that these prescribing recommendations are backed up by evidence, which is summarized in detail in supplementary tables for every CPIC guideline. What we're trying to do is provide resources so that you can get from genotype to prescribing information, in this case represented by a interruptive CDS alert. And so, again, here's the CPIC guideline page for Voraconazole and Cip2C19. We have hyperlinks to the main guideline, to the supplement, and wherever applicable, we have updated hyperlinks to more complete tables that are present on PharmGKB that we can update that might not be present in the original publication. So we're really trying to get people to go to this CPIC guideline page to look for any updates. And then we have detailed tables that are downloadable for anybody doing clinical implementation to back up the actionability. The first step is translating genotypes to alleles and assigning functions to those alleles. And there's a table that's the allele definition table. Every variant is unambiguously linked using five different systems for coordinating positions on DNA. Every row is a different allele. And the nucleotide position changes relative to the reference is indicated in these tables. And importantly, the assignment of function to every one of these alleles is greatly facilitated by the PharmGKB annotation system. And every one of these functional assignments is backed up with literature that's present in the guideline. Adding alleles to diplotypes is really important for pharmacogenetics. This is illustrated by the first few CPIC-able genes where we looked at what's the difference between prescribing recommendations for someone who's homozygous for a variant versus heterozygous for a variant. And in the vast majority of actionable CPIC genes, there's a huge difference in those two situations. So being able to resolve variants into alleles and diplotypes is critical. At St. Jude, working with Dr. Burkell using the Afimetrix DMET Plus software, it actually is a very nice system for translating every row as a variant here, translating those variants into start alleles that uses good population-based software. So it's easy to go from alleles into diplotypes. But not everyone uses that, and a lot of people are doing sequencing, so we need other systems for aggregating variants into alleles and haplotypes. And that's part of what Farmcat is doing, which you'll hear about from Marilyn Ritchie in a minute. We also have to go from diplotypes to phenotypes and then interpret those phenotypes. And there's tables to back this up, also housed on FarmGKB, where we assign the phenotype based on the diplotype for every individual. And then finally, going from those phenotypes to prescribing actionability. And the CPIC Informatics Group helps with these for every guideline where we again provide some detailed interpretations based on phenotypes and provides sample wording that can be used for interpretation in clinical decision support systems. We also provide sample algorithms that can be used in implementing clinical decision support institutions based on those genetic test results. Updating is really important, as I mentioned. So a few updates that we've posted to CPIC guidelines just in the last few months includes adding the T15 for thiopurines. This is a gene that wasn't even spoken of about two years ago and is gone to actionability already. So we made our users aware of these findings immediately, and they'll be incorporated into the next update. The Blackbox update for Clopidogrel and 2C19 in the last few months, and as we've heard about the GIFT trial for Warfarin. So the other important thing that we do in CPIC is work with other groups. CPIC guidelines are linked to practice guideline filters on PubMed. They're cited in the GTR. They're endorsed by a couple of professional organizations on their websites. And we've really put a lot of emphasis on developing standardized terms for pharmacogenetic results because it's very important for clinical actionability. If we want to fire a warning at somebody based on the absence of a genetic test result, we need to know that that genetic test result is absent. And unless we use standardized language, we cannot find that test result. And if we want to fire an alert at a prescriber based on the presence of a high-risk test result, again, the logic in the EHR needs to find that positive high-risk genetic test result. So in response to this, we led a year-long project, a Delphi process, to come up with standardizing terms for allele function and for phenotypes. And that's been adopted. It's been endorsed by the American Association for Molecular Pathology. It's been incorporated into proficiency testing results for the CAP for pharmacogenetic test results, and adopted by other groups as well. And as you'll hear about in a minute from Heidi, ClinGen is a really important group that PharmGKB and CPIC interact with. PharmGKB is recognized as a three-star submitter, and CPIC is represented as a four-star submitter into the ClinGen system. So PharmGKB and CPIC both have a lot of interactions with ClinGen and ClinVar, and we're trying to work with this group now to assign clinical significance to every pharmacogenetic variant, which you'll hear more about from Heidi, I think, and we've come up with a proposed group of terms for this clinical significance, which I think you'll also hear more about from Heidi. Those standardized terms are really important in working with digitized, and you'll hear about that from Sandy Aronson in a moment. And PharmGKG was the first poster child for this guideline that the IOM's Action Collaborative on Implementation has put together, and HLAB and TPMT were used as the first examples in this. Finally, CPIC lists people who are implementing CPIC guidelines.  And that's listed under the Resources tab on the CPIC website, and these are just a few pages of screenshots, and you may recognize your name on these pages of people that are doing implementation, and they are letting other people know that they're doing implementation. Finally, at St. Jude, of course, we put a lot of work into CPIC with our colleagues at Stanford, but we're also doing preemptive implementation of pharmacogenetics locally for children at St. Jude with our long-term goal of doing preemptive testing for all patients for all CPIC guidelines. And I'd like to just acknowledge the team at PharmGKB, as well as our team at CPIC and our steering committee and advisory boards, and thank you for your attention. Thanks, Mary. Can we have time for one or possibly two clarifying questions? It was perfectly... Oh, there's a question. Mary. Oh. Thank you for that. Can you maybe help me understand how much money you think it would take to quit to finish the project from the perspective of what you said, and help me... You may have to help me understand this, because I'm not in your space, but you infer it to me that you have a lack of resource, which is not enabling you to go down to that tier three level of evidence generation. Does that make sense? And if I'm confusing you, shout out. So my understanding was you've got an amount of money, you've taken some of the low hanging fruit, but you need some more money to finish off the tier three of the lower level interactions. Are you talking about to generate the knowledge that's needed to act on these variants? Yeah. Well, so that's much wider than CPIC and... Yeah, exactly. Oh, I'm sorry. Yeah, exactly right. That was much more articulately put. Thank you. Thank you. Yeah, we probably need to have about... I don't know, Terri, what do you think, 60, 75 percent more than we're getting now? We almost double? It depends how far you want to go with that. So yeah, for the MTHFR, people telling people to use different MTX doses based on MTHFR, there's many, many tests that are being pushed to consumers by direct to consumer laboratory testing where the evidence is not there. So that, I can't really control how much that N is going to explode because it's been disappointing to see the number of gene drug pairs for which there's claim clinical actionability balloon in the last few years, whereas the number of gene drug pairs for which there's actual evidence-based actionability is very, very low. So it's hard for me to estimate if we really wanted to address every crazy claim that some companies are pushing. Address the drop 25. Give me a ballpark. I don't know. You need $2 million. You need $20 million. You need $200 million. Yeah, less than $2 million a year, that's for sure. You listening to that, Dr. Minolio? But recall that a huge amount of this is volunteer effort, that it funds infrastructure, but the people that are actually doing the evidence review and writing that, it's all volunteers. And that's one reason that it takes a while. So, Terri, can we get you to come to the microphone, please, because those on the webcast can't hear you. And then with regards to the question about Level C that you had, although there's not as much evidence for them, there is enough evidence, perhaps, that make it worthwhile for there to be expertise that evaluates that evidence and put it out. Now, it may not be at the same level of what we refer to as a CPIC guideline. It may, Mary and I have talked about this. Maybe it's a recommendation or however you want to call it. But there is information that is there that will be of value. So by cutting it, we are really only, we can only do what we can with the resources we have available. And so we are missing out on an opportunity to look at those as well as the fact that as new data becomes available, we may be ignoring it. Thank you. But it's a really good point because we're highlighting the yeses, but we're ignoring the noes. Hey, thank you. That's exactly my point.  Thank you for clarifying what's going on in the back end of CPIC. We're going to move on now to Clint Barr and Clint Jen and Heidi Rehm who's going to speak.


Cube's live coverage is made possible by funding from Dell Technologies, creating technologies that drive human progress. Welcome back to Spain, everybody. We're here at the FIEDA and MWC23. It's just an amazing day. This place is packed. They said 80,000 people. I think it might even be a few more walk-ins. I'm Dave Vellante. Lisa Martin is here. David Nicholson, but right now we have the analyst hot takes with three friends of the Cube.  Zia's Caravalla, analyst extraordinaire. Great to see you Zee and Sargeet S.J. Johal. Good to see you again, Cube contributor. And it's for a new name for him. He says that is his nickname. Guys, thanks for coming back on. We got the all-male panel. Sorry, but it is what it is. So Zia, this is the first time you've been on at MWC. Takeaways from the show, hot takes. What are you seeing, same wine, new bottle? In a lot of ways, yeah. I mean, I was talking to someone this earlier that if you had come from like MWC five years ago to this year, a lot of the things are the same, telco transformation, cloud.  Sustainability is certainly a newer theme here. But I think it highlights just the difficulty I think the telcos have in making this transformation. And I think in some ways I've been unfair to them in some degree, because I've picked on them in the past from that moving fast enough. These are, you know, I think these kind of big transformations almost take like a perfect storm of things to come together to happen, right? And so in the past, we had technologies that maybe you might have lowered OPEX, but they're hard to deploy. You know, they're vertically integrated. We didn't have the software stacks, but it appears today that between, you know, the cloudification of, you know, the, you know, going to cloud native, the software stacks, you know, the APIs, the ecosystems. I think we're actually in a position to see this industry finally move forward. Yeah, and Chris, I mean, you have served this industry for a long time. And you know, when you do that, you get briefed as an analyst. You actually realize, wow, there's a lot of really smart people here and they're actually, they have challenges. They're working through it. So, you know, Zias was saying he's been tough on the industry. You know, what do you think about how the telcos have evolved in the last five years? I think they've changed enormously. I think the problem we have is we're always looking for the great change, the big step change, and there is no big step change in the way they tell you. What telcos deliver to us as individuals, businesses, society, you know, the connectivity piece, that's changed. We get better and better, more reliable connectivity. We're shunting a load more capacity through. What I think has really changed is their attitude to their suppliers, their attitude to their partners, and their attitude to the ecosystem in which they play. Understanding that connectivity is not the end game. Connectivity is part of the emerging end game where it will include storage, compute, connect, and analytics, and everything else. So, I think the realization that they are not playing their own game anymore, it's a much more open game and some things they will continue to do, some things they'll stop doing. We've seen them withdraw from moving into adjacent markets as much as we used to see. So, a lot of them in the past went off to try and do movies, me, you, and so on. And a lot went way into business IT stuff. But they've mainly pulled back from that and they're focusing on, and let's face it, it's not just a 5G show. The fixed environment is unbelievably important. We saw that during the pandemic, having that fixed broadband connection, using Wi-Fi, combining with cellular. Now, we love it, but the problem is in industry is that the users often don't even know the connectivity's there. They only know when it doesn't work, right? If it's not media and it's not business services, what is it? In my view, it will be enabling third parties to deliver the services that will include media, that will include business services, to embedding the connectivity all the way into the application that gets delivered or embedding it so the quality mechanism deliver the gaming much more accurately, or, I'm not a gamer, so I can't comment on that, but the video quality, if you want to have a high quality video, it will come through better. And those cohorts will pay for that value? They, somebody will pay somewhere along the line. That's so fuzzy to me. I still want to know. I do think it's use case dependent. Like, you look at all the work Verizon did at the Super Bowl this year. You know, that's a perfect case where they, you know, they could have upsold. Explain that. I'm not familiar with it. So Verizon provided all the 5G in the Super Bowl. They provided a lot of, they provided private connectivity for the coaches to talk to the sidelines. And those, that's a mission critical application, right? In the NFL, if one side can't talk, the other side gets shut down. You can't communicate with the quarterback or the coaches. There's a lot of risk at that. So, but, you know, there's a case there though, I think where they could have even made that fan facing. Right?  People that go there want to know, they want people to know they were there.  Yeah, I know. All right, let's talk about developers because we saw the eight APIs come out.  I guess, okay. So, but so, the innovation is going to come from ISVs and developers, so what's your, what are your hot takes from this show and out day two, a day and a half in, almost two days in? Yeah, this thing that we have talked, I mentioned many times is skills of gravity. Right? And also to out compete, you have to out educate. That's another theme actually of my talks is, or my research is that to put your technology out there to the practitioners, you have to educate them. And that's the only way to democratize your technology. What telcos have been doing is they have been stuck to the proprietary software and proprietary hardware for too long from Nokia's of the world and other vendors like that. So, now with the open sourcing of some of the components, Oran and a few others, right? And they're open source based antenna. You know, antennas are becoming software now. So with the advantage of these things, which is open source, it helps us democratize that to the outer sort of skirts of the, the practitioners, if you will. And that will bring in more applications, first into the IoT space, and then maybe into the core sort of telephony, if you want. So what does a telco developer look like? I mean, all the blockchain developers and crypto developers are moving into, you know, generative AI, so maybe those worlds come together. You'd like to think though that the developers would understand everything's network-centric today. So you'd like to think they'd understand that how the network responds, you take a simple app like Zoom or something, right? If it notices the bandwidth changes, it should knock down the resolution. If it goes up, you know, then you should, you can add different features and things, and you can make apps a lot smarter that way. Well, G2 was saying today that they didn't deal with Mercedes, you know this probably better than I do, where they're going to embed WebEx in the car, and if you're driving it'll shut off the camera. That's a very basic example. I'm like, okay. I'll give you a better example today. That's my point. Isn't there more that we can do? Well, way more. So you notice that on the SKT stand, the little helicopter, it's a vertical lift helicopter. So it's an electric vertical lift helicopter. Just think of that for a second. And then think of the connectivity to control that, to securely control that. And then I was recently at an event with ZS actually, where we saw an air traffic control system where there was no people manning the tower. It was managed by someone remotely with all the cameras around. So managing all of those different elements, we call it IOT, but actually it's way more than what we thought of as IOT. All those components connecting, communicating securely and safely, because I don't want that helicopter to come down on my head, do you? Yeah. Especially when you're in it. Yeah. Okay, so you mentioned sustainability. Everybody's talking about power. I don't know if you guys have a lot of experience around TCO, but I'm trying to get to, well, is this just because energy costs are so high, and then when the energy becomes cheap again, nobody's going to pay any attention to it? Or is this the real deal? So one of the issues around the, if we want to experience all that connectivity locally or that helicopter also connect that connectivity, we have to ultimately build denser, more reliable networks. So there's a capex. We're going to put more base stations in place, we need more fiber in the ground to support them. Therefore the energy consumption will go up. So we need to be more efficient in the use of energy. Simple as that. How much of the operating expense is energy? Like what percent of it is it? 10%, is it 20%, does anybody know? It depends who you ask, and it depends on the... I can't get an answer to that. I mean, in the enterprise. In the enterprise, yeah. Yeah, in the data centers we have the numbers, I think we have 10 to 15%. Yeah, it's 10 to 12%, something like that. I think it's more than that. Is it much higher? That's what I'm trying to get to. The capex, I've got a feeling it's 30%. I do think we have to get better at understanding how to measure, too. I was talking with John Davidson at Cisco about this, that every rev of silicon they come out with uses more power, but it's a lot more dense. So at the surface you go, well, that's using a lot more power, but you can consolidate 10 switches down to two switches. It's possible, yeah. Well, Intel was on earlier in talking about how they can intelligently control the cores. But it's based off workload, right? That's the thing. So what are you running over it? So I don't think the industry measures that very well. I think we look at things kind of box by box versus look at total consumption. Well, somebody else in the queue was saying, they go full throttle. That the network's just saying, just full throttle everything. And that obviously has to change from a power consumption. I think it's sustainability and sensory or sensors from IOT side, they go hand in hand. Just simple examples, like, you know, lights in the restrooms, you know, like in the public areas, or if somebody goes in there and just only then turns on, the same concept is being applied to servers and compute and storage and everything. And to network. And to network as well. Cell towers. Yeah. Yeah, turn it off, right? Yeah. You know what, the serverless telco? Yeah. No, no, no, no. The cell towers. Well, I'm saying, right, but like serverless, you're not paying for the compute. Exactly. You're not using it. Yeah. So it is serverless from the economics point of view. Yes, it's like that, you know. So it goes to the lowest level, almost like sleep on our laptops, sleep level when you need more power, more compute. I mean, some of that stuff's been in networking equipment for a long time. It just never really got turned on. I want to ask you about private networks. You wrote a piece of, Athanet was acquired by HPE right after Dell announced a relationship with Athanet, which was kind of, it was kind of funny. And so a good move, good judo move by HPE. You know, I asked Dell about it. And they said, look, we're open. They said the right things. We'll see. But I think it's up to HPE. Well, on the network inside Dell is. Yeah. Okay, cool. But you said something in that article you wrote on SiliconANGLE that a lot of people feel like a P5G is going to basically replace wireless or cannibalize wireless. You said you didn't agree with that. Explain why. Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi, sorry, that's a wireless one.  Pat Gelsinger said that in his last VM role, which I thought was completely irresponsible. That it was going to cannibalize. Cannibalize Wi-Fi globally is what he said, right? Now he had Verizon on stage with them, so. Wi-Fi's too inexpensive and flexible. It's too embedded as well. It's reached near you. Embedded, yeah, yeah. It's reached near ubiquity. It's unlicensed, so a lot of businesses don't want to manage their own spectrum, right? And it's great for, you know, this, right? It does the job, doesn't it? Yeah, for casual activity. Not today. Well, it does for the most part, right? For the most part. But never at these events. If it's engineered correctly, it will, right? Where you need private 5G is when reliability is an absolute must. So, you know, Christy and I visited the Port of Rotterdam, right? Yeah, exactly. So they're putting private 5G there, but there's metal containers everywhere, right? And that's going to disrupt it. And so there are certain use cases where it makes sense. I've been in your basement. Yeah. And you've got some pretty intense equipment there. You're going to have private 5G in your house. For carpeted offices, you know, it does not make sense to bring private, it just, the economics don't make any sense.  So where's it going to be used? Give us some examples of where we should be looking for. Well, the early ones are obviously in mining, in, say, in ports, in airports, broader in cities, because you've got so many moving parts in there. And always think about it, very expensive moving parts. You know, the cranes in the ports, a normally expensive piece of kit, you're moving all that logistics around. They're managing that over a distance, where the Wi-Fi won't work over the distance. And then, and in mining, we've got these enormous expensive trucks moving around. I think a great new use case, though, so that the Cleveland Browns, actually the first NFL team, to use it for facial recognition to enter the stadium. So instead of having to even pull your phone out, it says, hey, Dave Vellante, you've got four tickets, can we check you all in? And you just walk through. You can apply that to airports. You can put that in a hotel, you can walk up and check it out. Retail. Yeah, retail. And so I think video, video, real-time video analytics, and I think it's a perfect use case for that. But you don't need 5G to do that. You could do that through another mechanism, couldn't you? You could do wire, depending on how mobile you want it to. Like in a stadium, you're pulling those things in and out all the time. You're moving them around and things. Yeah, but you're coming in at a static point. I won't take the contrary view here. See, we can't even agree on that. I don't think, you're going to agree. Yeah, I love it. Let's go with this. I believe the reliability of connection is very important, right? And the moving parts, what are the moving parts in Wi-Fi? We have the NIC cards, there's Wi-Fi cards in these suckers, right? And any machine, they're bigger in size. And the radios for 5G are smaller in size. So, manipulation is an important part of the whole sort of progress to the future, right? And cost, right? I think 5G, cost as well. Yes, cost as well. But cost, we know that it goes down with time, right? So we are already talking about 6G and the 5G stuff will be done pretty soon. That's true. So one of the big boom areas at the moment is 4G, LTE, because the component price has come out so much, it's affordable, you can afford to bring it all together. People don't, because we're still on 5G, we're not 5G stand-alone everywhere, you're not going to get a consistent service. So those components are unbelievably important. The skill sets of the people doing integration to bring them all together are unbelievably important. And the business case within the business. So I was talking to one of the heads of one of the big retail outlets in the UK and I said, when are you going to do 5G in the stores? Well, why would I tear out all the Wi-Fi? You know, I've got perfectly functioning Wi-Fi. Yeah, that's true, it's already there. But I think the technology which disappears in front of you, that's the best technology. Like you don't worry about it, you don't think it's there. Wi-Fi, we think about that, like it's there. And I do think Wi-Fi 5G switching has got to get easier. Like for most users, you don't know which is better. You don't even know how to test it. And to your point, it does need to be invisible where the user doesn't need to think about it. Invisibly, see, we came back to invisible, we talked about that yesterday. Telecoms should be invisible. And it should be, you know? You don't want to be thinking about telecom, but at the same time, telecoms want to be more visible. They want to be visible like Netflix, don't they? I still don't see the path. It's fuzzy to me the path of how they're not going to repeat what happened with over-the-tops providers if they're invisible. Well, if you think about what telcos deliver to consumers to businesses, then extending that connectivity into your home to help you support, to secure and extend your connection into Zeus's basement, whatever it is. And then you talk to that. It's awesome setup. And then in the business environment, there's a big change going on from the old NPLS networks, the old rigid structures of networks to SD1, where the control point is moved outside, which can be under control of the telco, could be under control of a third-party integrator. So there's a lot changing. I think we obsess about the relative role of the telco. The demand is phenomenal for connectivity. So address that, fulfill that. And if they do that, then they'll start to build trust in other areas. But don't you think they're going to address that and fulfill that? I mean, they're good at it. That's their wheelhouse. And it's a $1.6 trillion market, right? So it's not to be sniffed at. So that's fixed on mobile together, obviously. It's a big market and do we keep changing if as long as the service is good, we don't move away from it. So back to the APIs, the eight APIs, right? Eight APIs is a joke, actually, almost. I think they released it a little too early. They released it on the main stage. You know, like what? What is this, right? But of course they will grow into hundreds and thousands of APIs, but they have to spend a lot of time and effort in that sort of context. I don't actually like to see the GSMA work with like AWS and Microsoft and VMware and like software companies and create some standardization across their APIs. Yeah, I spoke to them. Yes, I mean guys. Is that not what they're doing? No, they said we are not in the business of defining standards. They use a different term, not standard. Believe me, seriously. Like I was like, are you kidding me? But let's make it, there aren't just eight APIs out there. There's so many of them. The TM forums have been defining them and it's open data architecture. You know, the telcos themselves are defining them. The standards we've talked about earlier earlier with Danielle. There's a lot of APIs out there. But the consistency of APIs, so we can bring them together to bring all the different service together that will support us in our different lives is really important. I think telcos will do it. It's in their interest. All right guys, we've got a wrap. Let's go around the horn here. Starting with Chris, Zia Sinan, Sarbjit, who's bringing us home. Number one hot take from Mobile World Congress, MWC 23, day two. My favorite hot take is the willingness of all the participants who have been traditional telco players. You looked inwardly at the industry, looking outside for help, for partnerships, and to build an ecosystem, a more open ecosystem, which will address our requirements. Zia? Yeah, I was going to talk with you. I think for the first time ever when I've met with the telcos here, I think they're actually, I don't think they know how to get there yet, but they're at least aware of the fact that they need to understand how to build a big ecosystem around them. So if you think back like, 50 years ago, IBM and Compute was the center of everything in your company, and then the ecosystem surrounded it. I think today with digital transformation being network-centric, the telcos actually have the opportunity to be that center of excellence and then build an ecosystem around them. I think the SIs are actually in a really interesting place to help them do that, because they understand everything top to bottom, but pre-pandemic I'm not sure the telcos really understand. I think they understand it today. I'm just not sure they know how to get there. Subjeev? I've seen a lot of O-RAN demos and testing companies, and I'm amazed by it. Everything is turning into software, almost everything. The parts which are not have turned into software, I mean, they will soon, but everybody says that we need the hardware to run something, right? But that hardware, in my view, is getting miniaturized and it's becoming smaller and smaller, the antennas are becoming smaller, the equipment is getting smaller. That means the cost on the physical, physicality of the assets is going down, but the cost on the software side will go up for telcos in future and software is a messy business. Not everybody can do it, so only few will survive, I believe, so that's what we're- Software-defined telco. So, I'm on a mission, I've been looking for the monetization path, and what I haven't seen yet is you want to follow the money, follow the data, I say. So, the next two days, I'm going to be looking for that data play, that potential, the way in which this industry is going to break down the data silos, I think there's this potential gold mine there, but I haven't figured it out yet. I said, a subject for another day, David. Guys, thanks so much for coming on, you guys are extraordinary partners with theCUBE friends and great analysts, and congratulations and thank you for all you do. Really appreciate it. Thank you. Thanks a lot. All right, this is a wrap on day two, MWC23. Go to siliconangle.com for all the news. Rob, Hope, and team are just covering all the news. John Furrier's in the Palo Alto studio. We're rocking all that news, taking all that news and putting it on video. Go to thecube.net, you'll see everything on demand. Thanks for watching, this is a wrap on day two. We'll see you tomorrow.