Trying to stay healthy can seem like a full-time job sometimes, especially during a pandemic. But I'm here to make that goal a little easier. Welcome to the Nutrition Facts Podcast. I'm your host, Dr. Michael Greger. It's time for the Nutrition Facts Grab Bag where we look at the latest science and a whole variety of topics starting today with pine nuts.  The reason I make my pesto with walnuts, instead of the more traditional pine nuts, is not only because walnuts are probably healthier. We're talking 20 times more polyphenols, but also because of a mysterious phenomenon known as PMS. No, not that PMS, Pine Mouth Syndrome. Characterized by what has become my favorite word of the week, caca-ju-ja, meaning a bad taste in your mouth. You can get it from heavy metal toxicity, seafood toxins, certain nutritional and neurological disorders, or from eating the wrong kind of pine nuts, termed pine mouth by the public.  Thousands of cases have been reported. Raw versus cooked pine nuts doesn't seem to matter. Could the cause be some unidentified toxin present in some varieties of non-edible pine nuts out of more than 100 different kinds of pine trees? The nuts of only about 30 are considered to be edible. So, pine nut samples from stricken consumers were analyzed, and indeed, they all contain nuts from Chinese white pine, which is not reported to be edible. That tree is typically only used for lumber. You don't know it's the Chinese white pine nuts, though, until you put it to the test. Researchers had a few folks consume 6 to 8 Chinese white pine nuts. Most of the subjects hadn't ever heard of pine mouth syndrome, and boom, they all developed symptoms. And we still don't know exactly what it is in those nuts that causes such a weird reaction. We just know to stay away from those kind of pine nuts. So, what kinds of pine nuts do we have on our shelves here? All kinds, apparently, including those associated with pine mouth. So, unsurprisingly, hundreds of cases have been reported in the US as well. Most of the implicated nuts were reportedly labeled as originating from Asia, and in most cases, China. Europe actually did something about it, and demanded China stop sending them toxic nuts, which they did in 2011. And this export restriction likely resulted in less being imported into the US as well, given the decline in cases going to 2012.  Although there are no proven therapies, pine mouth syndrome appears to be benign and just goes away on its own. In our next story, we look at how emulsifiers are the most widely used food additives. What are they doing to our gut microbiome? Today, when grocery shopping, unless you're sticking to the produce aisle, it's nearly impossible to avoid processed foods, particularly feeding the standard American diet, characterized not only by insufficient plant foods and too much meat, dairy, and eggs, but also lots of processed junk, and along with that, an increased exposure to food additives. For example, the artificial sweetener sucralose, sold as Splenda, can disrupt the human gut microbiome and induce glucose intolerance. In other words, it can make your blood sugars worse instead of better. It's relatively easy to avoid artificial sweeteners, but it may be more difficult to avoid ingestion of emulsifiers, because they're commonly added to so many foods. In fact, emulsifiers are the most widely used food additives, and most processed foods contain one or more of them. We now consume emulsifiers by the megaton every year, thanks to a multi-billion dollar industry. You commonly find emulsifiers in fatty dressings, fatty spreads, baked goods, mayonnaise, salad dressings, candy, and beverages. Why do we care? Like all authorized food additives, emulsifiers have been evaluated by risk assessors who consider them as safe. However, there are growing concerns among scientists about their potentially harmful effects on our intestinal barrier, in terms of causing a leaky gut, as well as their effects on our microbiome. Moreover, they could possibly increase the absorption of environmental toxins present in the food. We know that the consumption of ultra-processed foods may be a contributor to weight gain, for example. Healthier, longer-lived populations don't just have low meat intake and high plant intake, but they're eating minimally processed foods. Maybe the emulsifiers found in processed foods could be playing a role based on a number of pre-clinical studies, but who cares if emulsifiers make rats gain weight? When you read emulsifiers can cause striking changes in the microbiota they're not talking about within human beings. Mice are often used to study diet's impact on the microbiome, but we only share a few percent of bacterial genes in common. Even the gut flora of different mouse strains can be considerably different from each other. So if you can't even extrapolate from one type of mouse to another, how are you supposed to translate results from mice to human beings? Remarkably, there's been little study of the potential harmful effects of ingested emulsifiers in us. For example, lecithin, perhaps best known as a key component of egg yolks, was found to be worse than polysorbate 80 in terms of allowing bacteria to leak through the gut wall into the bloodstream. But whether lecithin consumption in humans causes the same problem is yet to be determined. There's certainly a paucity of human trials on the effects of emulsifiers in processed foods, but we at least have data on human tissue, cells, and gut flora. Dietary emulsifiers directly alter the composition of the human microbiome ex vivo, potentiating intestinal inflammation. Ex vivo means outside the body. Researchers inoculated an artificial gut with fresh human feces until they had a nice stable culture going, and then added carboxymethylcellulose, or polysorbate 80, and got a boost in pro-inflammatory potential, starting within one day with the carboxymethylcellulose and within the first week with polysorbate 80. This approach revealed that both emulsifiers acted directly upon human gut bugs to increase their pro-inflammatory potential. If you then test the effect of these emulsifiers on the protective mucus layer and petri dish cultures of human gut lining cells, you'll find that they can partially disrupt the protecting layer. But both this study and the last used emulsifier concentrations that weren't far in excess of what people might typically get day to day. This is probably the study that raised the greatest potential concern. The researchers surgically obtained not just cells, but actual intestinal wall tissue and found that polysorbate 80 could double the invasion of E. coli through the intestinal lining tissue, whereas adding fiber, in this case fiber from plantains, could seal up the gut wall tissue twice as tight. In our final story today, we look at how the spice cumin can work, as well as whorlostat, the anal leakage obesity drug. In my video Benefits of Black Cumin for Weight Loss, a total of 17 randomized controlled trials showed that the simple spice could reduce cholesterol and triglycerides. And the side effects? A weight loss effect. Saffron is another spice found to be effective for treating a major cause of suffering, depression in this case, with a side effect of decreased appetite. When put to the test in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, saffron, indeed, was found to lead to a significant weight loss of 5 pounds more than placebo and an extra inch off the waist in 8 weeks. The dose of saffron used in the study was the equivalent of drinking a cup of tea made from a large pinch of saffron threads. Suspecting the active ingredient, might be crocin, the pigment in saffron that accounts for its crimson color, researchers also tried giving people just the purified pigment. That led to weight loss too, but it didn't do as well as the full saffron extract, being the placebo by only 2 pounds and half an inch. The mechanism appeared to be appetite suppression, as the crocin group ended up averaging about 80 fewer calories a day, whereas the full saffron group consumed 170 calories less a day, on average. A similar study looks specifically at snacking frequency. The researchers stopped perhaps the mood-boosting effects of saffron might cut down on stress-related eating. Indeed, 8 weeks of a saffron extract did cut snack intake in half compared to placebo, accompanied by a slight but statistically significant weight loss about 2 pounds. Even a loss of a few pounds is pretty remarkable, given that tiny doses utilized about 100 milligrams, which is equivalent to about an eighth of a teaspoon of the spice. The problem is that saffron is the most expensive spice in the world. It's composed of delicate threads sticking up out of the saffron crocus flower. Each flower produces only a few threads, so you need 50,000 flowers to make a single pound of spice. Enough flowers to cover a football field, so that pinch of saffron could cost a dollar a day. That's why I make 21 tweaks to accelerate weight loss and how not to diet. Instead of saffron, I include black cumin, which at a quarter teaspoon a day would only cost 3 cents a day. What about just regular cumin? Used in cuisines around the world, from Tex-Mex to South Asian, cumin is the second most popular spice on earth after black pepper. It's one of the oldest cultivated plants with a range of purported medicinal uses, but only recently has it been put to the test for weight loss. Those randomized to a half teaspoon of both lunch and dinner over three months lost about four more pounds, and an extra inch off their waist, the spice was found comparable to the obesity drug known as orlostat. For those of you who don't remember, that's the anal leakage drug you may have heard about, sold under the brand names Alla and Zeneca, though the drug company apparently prefers to term fecal spotting to describe the rectal discharge it causes. The drug company's website offered some helpful tips, though. It's probably a smart idea to wear dark pants and bring a change of clothes with you to work.  I think I'll stick with the cumin. Thank you very much. We would love it if you could share with us your stories about reinventing your health through evidence-based nutrition. Go to nutritionfacts.org slash testimonials, and we may share it on social media to help inspire others. To see any graphs, charts, graphics, images, or studies mentioned here, please go to the nutritionfacts.org podcast landing page. There you'll find all the detailed information you need, plus links to all the sources we cite for each of these topics. For a vital timely text and the pathogens that cause pandemics, order the e-book, audio book, or hard copy of my latest book, How to Survive a Pandemic. For recipes, check out my even newer book, the How Not to Diet Cookbook, is beautifully designed with more than 100 recipes for delicious and nutritious meals. All the proceeds I receive from the sales of all my books goes to charity. NutritionFacts.org is a non-profit science-based public service where you can sign up for free daily updates on the latest in nutrition research via bite-sized videos and articles. Everything on the website is free. There's no ads, no corporate sponsorship. It's strictly non-commercial, not selling anything. I just put it up as a public service, as a labor of love as a tribute to my grandmother, whose own life was saved with evidence-based.


Calling all motivation junkies. Are you a type of person that keeps on going to the Anthony Robbins conferences time and time again or listening to all these motivational people? However, you still haven't transformed your life and do you ever pause and wonder why is that the case? And I'm not here to tell you don't listen to Tony. I love Tony. I see him live twice. However, I'm here to tell you that when you seek external stimulation as your motivation, that is a recipe for disaster.  See, if you have to constantly look outside, so you have to look for Tony's approval to get ahead of life, that means you are a slave to somebody else. Now I bet you a million dollars if Tony was here, he would want you to completely forget about him because he wants you to be self-sufficient. He wants you to become successful. He doesn't want you back at his conference. Neither do I. I don't want you to keep on listening to me. I'm not a motivational guy. I'm nothing. I'm just here to tell you for you to succeed in life, you gotta start with yourself. Rumi Haider is saying, yesterday I was clever, I wanted to change the world. Today I'm wise, I wanna change myself. So start with yourself. Get that internal motivation going. Then you don't have to rely on anybody. Become anti-fragile. You don't rely on no books to get you motivated. You don't rely on Tony or Mir to get it motivated. You rely on yourself.  Transform this life. Make this world a better place. But remember, it all starts with you. Internally. So please stop seeking external motivations and start investing in internal ones.


In this video, we're going to work out lots of the information you might want to know about an object undergoing projectile motion. These example videos will be much more useful to you if you pause and have a go yourself before watching how it's done. A dolphin jumps out of the water. If the dolphin jumps at a speed of 5 meters per second and at an angle of 60 degrees to the horizontal, A, what is the initial vertical velocity of the dolphin? B, what is the initial horizontal velocity of the dolphin? C, at what distance does the dolphin re-enter the water? D, at what time does the dolphin re-enter the water? And E, what is the maximum height reached by the dolphin? We'll also look at a couple of questions about finding an unknown angle using projectile motion as follows. What angle to the horizontal should the dolphin jump? A, to reach a height of 1.1 meters, and B, to re-enter the water at the maximum distance. Firstly, we're going to calculate the initial vertical and horizontal velocities. We can draw a component diagram of the velocity, and we can see that we can calculate Vi x and Vi y from trigonometry. Now we know that initial velocity Vi is 5 meters per second, and we know that theta, the angle to the horizontal, is 60 degrees. So Vi x must be 5 on 2 meters per second, and Vi y must be 5 times root 3 on 2 meters per second. I've left it as an improper fraction, but you could also put sign of 60 degrees or cos of 60 degrees into your calculator and get a decimal number. Next up, we'll calculate the time of flight, or the time the dolphin re-enters the water. To solve this, we only need the equation for the vertical position. If the dolphin starts at time t equals 0, and height y equals 0, its height is just given by y equals g times t squared on 2, plus the initial y velocity times t. When y drops back down to 0, the dolphin will be back at the water surface, so all we need to do is plug in the height y equals 0 and solve for the time t. Don't forget that gravity is acting downwards, so g is negative 9.8 meters per second squared. So we end up with the total time of flight, tf, is equal to 0.884 seconds to 3 significant figures. Up next, we're going to find how far the dolphin jumped, or xf. This only depends on the horizontal velocity and the time the dolphin spent in the air. Since the horizontal velocity is constant, we just need to multiply the horizontal velocity, bix, by the time spent in the air, tf. If we plug in our previous values, this comes out 2.21 meters. Now we're going to look at the maximum height. The dolphin will reach its maximum height at tf divided by 2, halfway through the total time it spends in the air. This is because it will take the dolphin just as long to go up as it will to come back down. So now we can use the equation for the vertical position to find the position at the point in time halfway through the jump. And this vertical position will be the maximum height of the jump. Substituting in our values and cancelling our units, we find that the maximum height is equal to 0.957 meters to 3 significant figures. Finally, we're going to look at a couple of slightly trickier problems. This time, we're going to be solving for theta, given some other constraint. Firstly, what angle should the dolphin jump to jump to a height of 1.1 meters? Well, assuming that the dolphin's initial velocity is still 5 meters per second, we can use the same equation for the max height that we worked up before. So ymax is equal to viy squared on 2g. And we can relate the initial vertical velocity, viy, to the angle of launch from the velocity component triangle. So we know that viy is equal to vi times sine of theta. Rearranging for viy and then swapping viy for vi times sine theta, we get, now we want to get theta on its own. We divide both sides by vi and take the inverse sine of both sides. Plugging in all values and calculating, we get 68.2 degrees to 3 significant figures. Now we're going to figure out the angle to get the maximum range. This derivation is the most complex, so hang in there. Our general strategy to find the maximum range is to get an expression for the range, xmax, in terms of theta, and then figure out what value of theta will make xmax the greatest. xmax, the range, is just vix times t, the time of flight. Vix can be replaced with vi times cos theta, but what about t? Well, the time of flight can be found by setting height y equals 0 and then solving for t. The right-hand side can then be rewritten as... Then, since y equals 0, we can divide both sides by t and then rearrange the final equation to find that t equals 2 times vi times sine theta on g. Now we can put the time of flight t into our equation for x. We end up with x is equal to 2 times vi squared times cos theta times sine theta over g. So we want the value of the theta that makes x the biggest. It's not obvious what theta should be to make x as big as possible, but if we remember the trigonometry rules, we can rewrite 2 times sine theta times cos theta as sine of 2 theta. Making this replacement, the range simplifies down to x equals vi squared times sine of 2 theta over g. Since vi and g are fixed, the maximum x occurs when sine of 2 theta is maximized. The greatest value that sine can ever have is 1, which occurs when the argument is 90 degrees. This means that 2 theta is 90 degrees when sine is 1 and the range is maximized, which means that theta is equal to 45 degrees. So at 45 degrees, the range of the dolphins jump is the greatest it can be. We can take this a step further and work out a general formula for the maximum range of projectile motion, which is launched and lands at the same height. We already have an equation for our range x, which depends on vi theta and g. If we substitute theta equals 45 degrees into the equation, then sine of 2 theta is 1 and the maximum range is vi squared over g. And this is the maximum range for any projectile motion, which is launched from and lands at the same height. For this particular situation, we can work out dolphins' maximum range by substituting in vi, which is 5 meters per second, and g, which is 9.8 meters per second squared. This yields a maximum range of 2.55 meters. I covered a lot in this video, but by now you've seen most of the questions you might be asked about projectile motion calculations.


Imagine that you're the victim of a crime. There's biological evidence but investigators are not able to identify the donor of that DNA sample and the case goes cold. This is the reality for many cases in New Zealand and worldwide and this is something that my research hopes to change. Good evening, I'm Rebecca. I'm a Forensic Science PhD student at the University of Auckland but based at ESR which is the Crown Research Institute in New Zealand that provides forensic services to police. And my research looks at how we can use DNA methylation or CPG markers and forensic applications namely to help identify the donor of a DNA sample. So just to begin, what is DNA methylation? So DNA is made up of four bases, adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine and DNA methylation is simply the addition of a methyl group to these bases. It most almost exclusively occurs at the cytosine base in humans to form five-metallic cytosine and it most commonly occurs in the context of a CPG site so that's when a cytosine is followed by a guanine. It's an epigenetic modification which like you've heard influences gene expression. It's also stable and it's preserved during cellular division which makes it a good biomarker. But what's really cool about DNA methylation is that it's influenced by a wide variety of environmental and lifestyle factors. This includes exercise, medication, diet, tobacco and alcohol consumption as well as stress levels in age. So why is this of interest in forensics? Well currently if a crime occurs and biological evidence is left at a scene we can test this to get the DNA profile and then we can compare that crime scene DNA profile to DNA profiles of known people. If a match occurs we can link that person to our crime scene evidence. However a problem arises when that crime scene DNA profile actually links to two different people and this is what happens in the case of identical twins. Because identical twins have come from the same fertilised egg and have the same DNA profile which means that we cannot tell which twin deposited a DNA sample and that obviously poses problems from investigators and in court. However because DNA methylation is known to be influenced by those wide range of factors although they might have the same DNA profile identical twins should show differences in their DNA methylation patterns and using this we could differentiate them. The other issue that occurs in forensic biology is when our crime scene sample doesn't match to any known person. Now in these cases we usually can't give investigators much more information. However one of the things that DNA methylation is known to be influenced by is age. So if we could find DNA methylation correlated markers that are correlated with age we could be able to perform a prediction model and actually estimate the age of a person from their DNA and provide this intelligence information to investigators. So these are the two applications that I'm interested in micro-research. Literature has shown that it is possible and we wanted to establish could we do this in the New Zealand population and could we do it using a methodology that could be easily implemented into our forensic lab. So the objectives of my research are first to identify CPG or methylation markers that are either correlated with age or could be used to differentiate identical twins. Develop these into marker panels and use them in forensically relevant body fluids. Test in a New Zealand population and then we also want to explore the variables that could impact the accuracy and finally validate this methodology for case work. So I began by collecting samples from either individuals of a wide range of ages to identify identical twins. I extracted the DNA. For my identical twins we underwent standard DNA profiling to in fact establish that they were identical. And then I underwent a process for DNA methylation profiling which involves a lot of fancy instruments but ultimately it involves these three steps and what's important is that these three steps in combination has been used in clinical epigenetics but at the time of this research they weren't really used in forensic research. However, this is the process we wanted to use because it was the best integrated into our forensic lab. The output of that is sequencing data which I then had to bioinformatically process to determine the level of methylation for each of my markers and then I did some statistical analysis. So for age estimation that was using correlation and regression analysis and for identical twin differentiation that was using t-test and p-values. So my proof of concept study had five pairs of identical twins and 28 individuals of a range of ages. My individuals were roughly evenly distributed across my different age groups. I collected buckle which are cheek sale samples, blood finger prick samples and semen where possible from my participants. And then I developed four different multiplexes. So multiplexes are a way that we can look at a whole bunch of markers from the same DNA sample and that's really important in forensic analysis because we often don't have a lot of DNA to work with. So two of these were focused on age correlated markers in blood. One was focused on age correlated markers in semen and one was focused on my twin differentiation markers. So now for some results I ended up looking at 84 different CPG markers for my 28 individuals from my blood samples and some of these, as you can see, showed quite a decent correlation with age. I then used a process called step-wise regression to identify the best combinations of markers to put in my prediction model. I ended up developing this linear regression model which had three markers and that had an adjusted R-squared of 0.87. So R-squared is a way we can measure how well the model is working with one being completely perfect and higher being better. This model also had a mean average deviation of 3.262 years and what that means is that on average my predicted age was just over three years away from my observed age of my participants. This research was very comparable to what had previously been reported in the literature from other studies that used other methodology. So that was promising for our methodology. I did the same thing with my semen samples. However, in this case, I only had samples from eight individuals. I looked at 10 sites. Again, some of them showed a really nice correlation with age. I ended up developing a linear regression model that had one site in it and that had a mean average deviation of just over four years. And again, that was pretty comparable with what had been reported in the literature. So finally, I also wanted to see if I could differentiate my identical twins. I used buckle samples. I looked at 31 different sites and what I found was that there was at least one site in all of my twin pairs that showed significantly different levels of methylation at the 5% significance level. However, there was no site that was consistently different across all of my twin pairs. Now, if I just draw your attention to this graph, what was really interesting was if you can look at the second site in, you see that the level of methylation was quite different between twin A and twin B. Whereas in the last site, it was actually really, really small, despite still being statistically significant. So this brought up a lot of questions for us regarding if we were going to take this forward into casework, do we need to start thinking about some thresholds for the minimum number of differences or magnitude of those differences. So in conclusion, I would love to say yes, we can use these methylation markers to help with identification, but in reality, we're still at the early stages. So I'm going to limit it by just saying it shows promise at this stage in the New Zealand population. There's still a lot of work to be done. So some of the things that I'm looking at is developing my methodology and my statistical models in particular, particularly maybe looking at some machine learning algorithms. I obviously want to test in a much, much larger sample size with a wider age range including children. I'm also really interested in investigating how those methylation patterns might change over time. And this is going to be really important say if a crime scene sample is left in January, you find your person of interest in July, they turn out to be an identical twin, how much variation are we expecting to see between those samples if that twin is the true donor. And finally, I want to perform a whole bunch of validation studies so we could actually use this in court not only in New Zealand, but also worldwide. I want to thank my knowledgements for my funding, my support, my supervisors and also my volunteers. Thank you.


So out here, we've had a chance to come up here and work Nordic response. One of the greatest parts about this is being from Aviana, we don't always get the chance to come up in the Arctic environment.  So we've been here for two weeks during partly part-time training and also standing in alert for the Nordic response exercise. As mixed teams, part-rangers, part-PJs. So for us, the 57th is kind of a sister squadron. The biggest benefit, I would say, is the opportunity to grow our guys in ways that they're not normally have a chance to. You know, the Swedish rangers have a certain background and that skill set is something we don't normally practice. But being able to find that where our guys can piece in and learn from them and pick up that skill set has been phenomenal. It's almost frictionless working together by now. At a moment's notice, I would not hesitate that we could join them on their team or that they would take care of one of our guys if anything bad had happened. We are down to the name-by-name basis from Kuman to PJM Ranger. So we are close friends. What's really special to me and I know a lot of the guys share that same sentiment is the fact that we were here, we were together, we were doing operations. On the day where the Sweden signed in the NATO. We're psyched about it and our American friends even threw us a party. It's super, super special to me and I know some specialist is going to stay with the guys forever. It's been a great experience. I know the guys are cleaning a lot from it, walking away from a lot from it. I'm just delighted we could be here. It's been a good exercise and we're looking forward for many more to come.


Spring has arrived here in Western North Carolina and across much of the world. There's not a lot of green on the trees yet, but there is a lot of green on the ground and a lot of that green is edible. So today I'm going to walk through my neighborhood and introduce you to some spring plants that you can easily begin foraging and getting that delicious and nutritious springtime food. This right here might look like grass to you, but it's actually onions or chives. Now spring is well underway here, but you can start foraging for greens and onions as soon as the snow is melting and you start to see a little bit of green on the ground.  It's one of the earliest foods to start in the spring and you can harvest it like you would chives and just enjoy the green onions or you can actually pull up bulbs and have a nice little onion. To some walking through this park, they see a bunch of weeds or they see a lawn to mow, but do you know what I see? I see nature's salad bowl and this salad bowl doesn't just have the greens, but it's got beautiful flowers as well. Dandelion flowers, not only are the greens edible, but the flowers are delicious as well. You can also make a coffee substitute from the roots. The dandelion is just an incredible nutritious medicinal beautiful food to add to your diet and it's one of the first things to come up in the spring. So through that long lonely winter you see that dandelion pop up and get that in your belly. So there's a saying in the foraging world that I like to remember. It's you've got edible and incredible, edible and forgettable, and then you've got edible and regrettable. Here we have something that is often called dead nettle and dead nettle is kind of edible and forgettable, but I have to say when spring has just sprung and you've got your fresh greens popping up, even the ones that are forgettable are very, very memorable. For me just to get out in the spring and have this connection to earth, even with plants that don't necessarily taste incredible, that little bit goes a long way in awakening from a long winter. Now some people when they see the sea of green they would just imagine that all of this green tastes the same, but it really couldn't be further from the truth. The reality is that all of these different greens added up together brings in a whole diversity of flavor and different nutrients and medicine. This here is plantago. You've got narrowleaf plantain, you've got broadleaf plantain also called plantago and it is one of the most medicinal plants on earth and it grows as a weed all across our yards, our parks, our wastelands. This medicine is growing freely and abundantly all around us and I just could not do a video on spring greens without mentioning plantain or plantago. It's one of my favorite plants, one that I so much encourage you to incorporate into your life. I came here to show you this field of stinging nettle behind me but I also came across from my favorites and that's garlic mustard. Garlic mustard is considered an invasive which means by eating this you're actually working with the earth. Foraging can be beneficial to our earth. Now another plant that I absolutely love is stinging nettle. So walk over here just a little bit. Now stinging nettle gets the name stinging nettle because it stings you right now. That's stinging but not only is this an edible but it's also a medicinal just to let it sting you. I mean would you have it that what other people consider to be the bane of this plant is actually one of its absolute gifts to us? To remove the sting you simply have to cook it. What I like to do is make a nettle tea. It's very high in minerals one of the highest out there so I'll make a nettle tea. I'll also just saute it up and eat it with olive oil and lemon and salt and if you're really careful and you know what you're doing you can just roll these stinging leaves right up and put that right under your back molar and you can eat it fresh without being stung and that is a delicious one. You can eat these greens fresh from the yard you can take them home put them in a salad you can saute them you can save them for later by freezing or drying them whatever you do just make sure you get out foraging. I like to say eat one wild thing a day something I've learned from many of my foraging friends. So if you want to learn how to forage and you want to get out there I recommend checking out our website findaforager.com with it you can find a forager near you to go out and learn from in person as well as many many tips.


The Cube presents UiPath Forward 5, brought to you by UiPath. Welcome back to The Cube's continuous coverage with day two of UiPath Forward 5. My name is Dave Vellante, I'm here with my co-host, Dave Nicholson, and you are watching The Cube. It's all about the robots, the automations, the transformations, and beyond. Adi Gubervana is here. She's Group Executive at Vodacom, and Navash Pillay is back. She's Senior Director of Telecommunications Industry for UiPath. Ladies, welcome to The Cube. Hi, thank you very much. So Vodacom, a leading telco in Africa, across the continent, tell us more about the company. The company is a traditional telecommunications company, but our vision 2025 is for us to transition from being a telco to a technology company. So you'll find that a lot of the use cases that we've actually started embarking on combine the combination of telco and fintech, and we've got a lot of RPA bots also supporting the fintech platform, which is quite a major step in our strategy. So it's interesting, Mark Andreessen's famous comment, every company's a software company. I like to think every company's a technology company, technology trippin'. So what does that actually mean for you? Is it like a split brain between fintech, because it's pretty clear that fintech is always highly technology oriented? Telecom, are they sort of together driving a technology business? How does that work? It's a converged use of the technology to add value to the customer. So what we want to do is to get to the point where we have converged services, whether telecommunication, because at the end of the day in the African market, you'll find that there's a lot of markets that are unbanked. So you'd find that a cell phone is a means of communication and a mobile platform for the users. So it's a natural progression for our company to actually play in both spaces. And I think one of the things I find quite interesting is the levels of trust that a lot of citizens have in our financial platform, in that even some of the governments are paying social grants using the platform. And so it almost becomes, without their phones, a lot of people cannot function, type of scenario. Nivash, is your role a global role? Yes, it is a global role. Okay, so it's interesting, because you're, I think, based down under, right? I am, yeah. I think I obviously spent some time in the African continent. How are you, what are you seeing in terms of the trends in telecommunications and you're noticing there's got to be differences across different regions. You know, a lot of times you hear, oh no, there's really kind of a global world out. And I know it is, but Telco seems to be one of the industries that has some uniqueness within the different regions. What are you seeing? Look, we are privileged to work with more than 200 telecoms around the world, but clearly, from a technology perspective, there are some regions that have embraced technology sooner than the others, particularly when it comes to automation. Now we do have use cases with all of them, that we, you know, the 200 we are working with, but the extent to which they become strategic partners varies. You know, what I find is, in the US, we are doing a lot in the customer experience space with the telecoms. In APJ, it's more back of house. And with telecoms like Vodacom, it's really strategic. You know, automation is being applied, practicing every facet of work. And you know, sometimes that could be because the demand is just so great for connectivity. You know, at times there's a skills gap, but it does vary. But what's reassuring is that there is a journey. And you know, at this event, what I have seen is telecoms wanting to learn from other telecoms. And I must say, ATI has been in huge demand. He did about 22 meetings yesterday with others wanting to know, which again is that strategic trend.  And PY Pass interesting, I mean, it's a company that's founded in 2005 and kind of did its own thing for a long time and then realized it had lightning in a bottle in the mid-last decade. But my understanding is you've seen it all, you've seen the legacy platforms. And so tell me about your personal journey with automation and the companies. Okay, so there's the automation pre-RPA, which was strange enough. I come from banking, got a finance degree, did automated reconcilations in one of the bigger banks and somehow I transitioned. And I mean, from a history perspective, the one of the previous platforms, which was the biggest one at the time, that's where I got to learn about RPA. And then there's another vendor that we then use in another company. So this is almost my third vendor that I'm experiencing in the RPA space, having joined RPA space in 2015. I, apparently, I'm kind of a veteran. So what are you seeing? Is what's the difference between, I mean, let's call UiPath that was sort of modern, focus on some simple to deploy. That's really how they get started when I first found it. How do you compare what UiPath has and there are others, there are other modern platforms to sort of the legacy platforms. What's the difference? I think it's the diversity and applicability of the technology across multiple industries is something that still amazes me up until today because the kind of customers I've been meeting today, I would not admit a guy who owns an ice cream company. And I'm like, where would automation come in here?  So I think that's one thing I appreciate. I think the ease of use, it has actually allowed for a lot of people to be part of the digital transformation. I think in the history, in the past, technology has been seen as something that was a bit elite and that you needed to have X amount of skills and level of education. Whereas the RPA industry has almost bridged that gap in actually bringing along as many people in the journey in terms of digital transformation. And the fourth industrial revolution is now starting to become more inclusive. Horizontal across industries. So Vodacom headquartered in South Africa, but presence throughout the continent. I imagine that various geographies have various twists and quirks to them and different needs. But as a general premise, the African continent has led the rest of the world in terms of embracing these little mobile devices for the most mission critical from a personal perspective things, right? So if you're already trusting all of your finances and even interaction with your government from a financial perspective, when you say technology platform, technologies moving forward, what's more critical from that? Or how do you branch off from that? What are some of the other things that you can share with us that you're looking towards in the future that may trickle over here eventually? So I think one of the things we started playing around with quite well is actually the convergence of machine learning, AI and RPA. You would find that a lot of research will tell you that this is the future of the automation. And for us, we're actually living the future in that we have civil use cases that are actually extracting a lot of business value. Where we've realized that RPA in and of itself, and this is obviously oversimplifying the technology, is almost the unlimited hands on keyboards that you could ever have, right? And then machine learning and AI almost becomes unlimited brains. So when you then combine the two, you almost have this strong technology that can revolutionize how we operate and service our customers. Well, how does that translate? Can you translate that into a user experience at this point? So. I mean, we're talking about people who, they have a mobile device. They don't have a desktop computer at home. Yeah. This is their portal into the world. So you'll find that if you're speaking pure Telco, and I'm obviously oversimplifying this, I'm no way an engineer, right? But I think at a very simplified level, there's a lot of legacy technology that is used in the Telco space. And you'll find that because of that, there's a lot of lack of integration. And you would find that the reasons why a lot of customers call us is because there's poor integration in a lot of instances. And it's ad hoc. So it's not as if the system has failed completely. So what we've now done is to try and see how do we use machine learning to pick up on those anomalies on the network, right? And because each time something breaks, right, it's almost a fixed way to fix it. And therefore, the machine learning, picking up the anomaly, almost then hands over to the RPA bot to fix the problem within the network element. But that means that from a customer experience perspective, instead of you actually realizing there's a problem, we fixed it before you even know that there's a problem. And therefore, and as you can imagine, it means that you then call the call center less because now you don't have the reason to complain because we've proactively identified the problem and we proactively use RPA then to fix it. So we almost have almost like a self healing element in within the RPA AI space. I think of, and we don't talk about the data. We haven't talked about the data much this week. I think in many respects, this industry is data industry. Our automation is all about what you can do with the data. Unlimited hands, unlimited brains, because to me, you have unlimited data and a lot of times you just can't handle it. So what's the data angle on all this? So firstly, I know a lot of people will say data is the new oil. No. I would never say that. I always ask people, if I give you a bucket of brain crude oil, what are you going to do with it? And similar to data. So I want to almost equate data to the crude oil element. But if you don't know how to refine it, process it, get it to be reliable, it's very useless in of its natural sense. So I think one of the things we've realized is that leveraging of the analogy of the machine learning in the brain. If you are in the sales space, you're forever trying to push new sales, right?  So when I imagine a world where you could proactively identify a customer with the propensity to leave your company. Because a lot of customers don't just, there are situations where they'll be walking down the street competitive to cause them, they leave. Not because they were unhappy, but a lot of customers actually had several engagements with us that were not pleasant. Whatever the definition is. So we then saw there was almost five types of attributes that resulted in customers leaving us. So what then that said was, imagine if you're an account manager, right? And you got told, UiPath P2I Limited has experienced one, two, three, four, right? Actually, please go engage with them because something is happening. It means that as an account manager, you are then equipped to have a meaningful engagement with the customer because you're saying, hi, UiPath, I see you've had X amount of job calls and you've had X amount of complaints in our call center. What is happening is it could be your network, maybe the tower where you are, and then the conversation becomes so meaningful. And I think even during COVID, what we found is that if customers started using less of our data, not because they were unhappy, but it became an affordability thing, because this is thousands and thousands of data elements and pieces about customer transactions. There's no way one human would be able to go through all of the data and make meaningful decisions out of it. So we then found that some customers were complaining about affordability. So we then built another model that says, if an account manager is talking to a customer and they're struggling from an affordability perspective, what's the next best offer you can make to your customer while you're engaging? And then if now UiPath takes up that offer, then you'd find that the bot does the post-engagement provisioning on the system because now if you then said, I can only afford 10 lines, but only pay 10 gigs, but not 10 lines and 20 gigs. That is at least better than us losing our customer. And we offering them almost a downward migration, capital situation, then the bot does that on the system. So you would find that we almost playing in the space of a human-centered intelligent automation where machine learning becomes the brain. The person is amplified in how they operate with the customer, and then the RPA bot becomes the hands that executes on that. And as the account manager, you focusing on engagement and convincing, which is really what people are good at and selling, as opposed to going through all of the, because water comes with a lot of products. So as opposed to having a person going through the products and trying to find the best product for you. So we're using machine learning to assist the humans. I mean, every interaction is consistent in that case. I know I sometimes have to call three or four times to find a professional that knows enough that can help me, such a frustrating thing as a consumer. So you're attacking churn with automation. We haven't even talked about how you guys are working together, your journey and all that stuff. But how are you guys working together? What are you doing in addition to what you just described with UI battle? So I think my portfolio is quite wide. So I am, my team is in every single vertical in the organization from customer care to the consumer enterprise business units, to finance, technology, network, compliance. And we do all of this in about six countries, right? So one of the things we've actually realized is that if we're looking at customer service, we wanted to understand why do customers call us. And I think I came from a point of ignorance because I'm not from Telco. So I actually realized that if we're talking billing and finance, revenue assurance, customers call us because we build them erroneously. But technically speaking, it's our system that said there's something that resulted in the customer calling us. So why do we not know about our own systems? Why are we waiting for the customers to call us? And literally those are the questions I was asking because I felt like, why are we not, why are we waiting for the customer to call us? So we then found a way to try and see within the billing systems, where do the breakages happen, right? So that we fix them before the customer has to call us again. So then again, from a billing perspective, it means that, because the billing element can come in two ways. We are giving you a service and not charging you for it. We then have revenue leakage. Or we, you are consuming something and we overcharging you. Then you call us and say, Vodacom is stealing my data. I promise you, nobody wakes up in the morning and wants to take one gig. Of your data. So it almost becomes a data integrity initiative that results in good customer service, but then results in eradication, of course. As opposed to us waiting for customers to tell us what the problem is and trying to help them fast. Because that's generally all it's been, but I've picked up the energy around customer service. How do we help you fast? I'm saying, why must you call us when it's our systems that are failing at? So we're almost trying to see how do we use the technology internally to give customers a better experience and then also have the financial benefits that we are now starting to see happening. What's the scope of your, like how many automations? How many bars? Can you give us a sense of this? So right now I think we over on, with all of the four, five countries that we in, we over 400 bots. So we started in 2000, four years ago. This is my fourth year in Vodacom. And we're not using just one product with UiPath. It became a platform because as we came across more kinds of problems, I think what I've appreciated about UiPath is how we've actually created a partnership instead of them trying to sell me products for the sake of consuming products. It became a, this is my problem, right? And then somehow they would whip out the product that solves my problem type of thing. So it became an ecosystem of solutions that we are using. You must love hanging out with Artie. I absolutely do. And look, you know, I've spent a career in telecommunications myself and, you know, the best days were when you could deliver an outstanding customer experience. And as you can see from what Artie has achieved, when you were more proactive and predictive, you can serve your customers so much more effectively. And that just lifts the morale of the team because we all, you know, have this purpose in doing our jobs. But this is automation and AI built into every part of that customer journey. So end to end, you know, the customer's much happier. You know there's a problem before the customer knows, you can solve the problem in most cases before they even know. And that's just what we are all in business to do to make things better. Great story. Thank you so much for sharing. I appreciate you coming back on theCUBE. Thank you very much. Thank you, Artie. Thank you for watching. Keep it right there. Don't forget to go to siliconangle.com, all the news, go to thecube.net. You'll see all these videos are available on demand as well as the other events that we do. Dave Vonte for Dave Nicholson. Keep it right there. We're right back at Forward 5, UiPath.


me again I hope you are enjoying us thus far we still have a lot to give you but we are gonna start open this we got the key to the seiri and the key is for the particular segment which is health and today's health segment has a very impressive guest like he's impressed the socks in fact the village was diverse socks but he's impressed the socks of a me a meanwhile I am Valentine or at calamiva and if you have any questions regarding the topic today which is the difference between a psychological strength and mental health that is a difference between psychological strength and mental health you can just hit us up what five on Facebook why two five four channel on Twitter hashtag is white in the morning they'll be somewhere below on your screen in other news come here and say hello to my guest hi hi how are you I'm fine thank you yeah I'm glad to be here today I'm glad to have you I really have yeah what is your good name sir my name is Daniel Songa yes well so now we were we were trying to break this down psychological strength versus mental health yes so actually let me just low-key tell your secret there have been several incidents that have occurred in the past year yeah and with it maybe perhaps I start with homicides we have them asides there was even a case of some young gentleman going into state house I don't know with a knife I don't know what he was trying to achieve and all of them we were claimed go resenting but you know like all of them were just blaming it on mental health yes there's a problem there maybe he's depressed or maybe and there's skeptics he's just being naughty and he's using this whole mental thing mental illness umbrella to save him yeah what do you think what what's going on here there's a there's a slight difference between mental health and psychology psychology is mostly the mind and behavior and mental health will touch the biological aspect of the brain and mental health it can be something that affect the brain beat from bath or something like that but psychological effect is by the thought processing and the philosophies that you carry in life and you see somebody you see in life we are demarcated in various schools of thoughts until the thought processing you can see somebody's psychocondition to be even a particular way and the ideology that they take in you see people have been radicalized to do some things because that is and the thing that may appear see if it's a mental issue but it's mostly the thought processing of the philosophies they are running in life so basically that's the difference he apocoretically is I have a question but there's this one story I once heard that there was a guy he was working in I want to say like a big factory kind of setting yes so they were locking up and he just happened to be the last one to leave yes so by mistake I did you think we're freeza freeza cool boy and then there was no one else to open it for him and then he sat in a corner and he first of all he couldn't believe what had happened maybe this is the first time this ever happened in the history of ever working there but he started slowly feeling cold because you know he's in a freezer and then he's feeling cold he's feeling cold so by the time the morning came they found him he had passed on yeah he was in a corner frozen yeah but the thing is the freezer wasn't on the freezer was not on like it was not on it was not cold it wasn't cold for yeah what was going on so what's that the power of the mind yeah what what what what there are some kinds of experiments that have been like for example in hypnosis is is something that is there to the mind and in hypnosis you can be hypnotized to think that this finger is hot and when you are touched actually it produces a band on your legit like your literal band because the mind the mind is so powerful in terms of like in your produce whatever you think and then that's our mind functions so that aspect of the conviction like for example the people of faith is the faith also is a purely psychological concept because if you if you can be able to merge the concert that are being taught in faith and then how it affects the scientific because God is the one who designed as even the scientific aspect of our being so you see what we are doing is like we're using thought processes to affect chemical processing you know in our physical bodies yeah so the thoughts that we entertain begins to affect the chemical reaction for example anger you see it's talked about psychological strength psychological strength is something that somebody there's some kind of people who can be able to be cool in a tough situation just observe that people are almost like eruptive and you see it's like within them they don't have something that is able to hold them together because they are crumbling from the end so that they be able to be eruptive that is psychological strength isn't it but it's because of the thought you see now anger in itself is not just because of a thought but there's a chem this chemicals also that are involved in our physical bodies and our causes to to erupt yeah so apocrypticalization let's get back to that yeah and this this is something that's quite fascinating yeah I would not understand how someone can be raised let's say in a middle income home you know they don't have that much but they don't lack they don't they don't lack at all they want for not they're the good school they are fed let's say maybe they they have the average love situation that the parents can give because again we're Africans and Africans are not actually known to I love you oh yeah such a good boy good girl no but we need to learn back we should yes but this is how we have been for generations yeah and then in comes someone who decides to recruit these people and tell them you know what we're in this organization this is Alshabab yeah or this is some extremists activists kind of situation and your life would be better if you come with me in fact when you kill yourself you will go to a better place yeah I will give you this amount of money maybe to help whoever you need to help yes and then you boof a whole entire establishment full of people sort of innocence you know and somehow this translates into you being righteous yeah how does that even work you everybody is a product of the environment of the knowledge they possess you're a product of the environment of the knowledge you possess so in such kind of an environment somebody is like this I can say like mostly this natural world is more like an illusion in the aspect of the mind and the philosophies that run the mind is the reality of that individual you may be living the same world but actually in a totally we're in totally different worlds mentally have you seen like the society's profile according to the nature of the philosophies that we carry and you may be seated in a next to somebody but in totally different worlds how you process your thoughts your belief systems your convictions and think that are reality to you everyone each one is looking at each other selling I wish you will understand and be free and you see so some would do is in that kind of a system feels like they are the person ought to die because they are not part of there and they're convinced they're totally convinced and like there's nothing that can set you try to even cancel that person out of that situation that kind of a thinking and they won't buy into it they feel like you also need you need to listen to their to their part of the story and join their way of thinking and that's what profiles the society now because every every person has their teachers is somebody you're looking up to because you're being mentored in any kind of an area every kind of an area and some some kinds of people especially the aspect of radicalization that there's some kinds of people that have just been born in that kind of environment they happen to be that environment so they keep listening this headshed towards humanity as such and it changes because how you process thoughts begins to become filters it filters how you see see as much as we have eyes we don't see with our eyes you see through our eyes but the inner person that is in the the kind of the mindset that you have begins to filter you can see you can see same same scenario to people and we will deduce information differently according to the philosophy that we carry you see so you can see something somebody somebody can see something the the next thing is flight a person sees something and they are drawn to that isn't it like like like in African society there's no you can find some when somebody you see somebody having a snack as a pet the first thing you'll be like okay we are black we don't do such things this is witchcraft but to somebody somewhere else they have related to a snack you see and they were like wow it's so pretty it's so pretty and before you look at that and your blood is so you see the mind the mind is able to to adapt to any situation this kind of thing that people have thought about magic and such kind of thing some kinds of magicians and time they're trying to do some kind of things like maybe passing through fire and sometimes they want to suddenly be beyond just the ability of just training the mind to accept to relate to the environment wow it's so funny that the mind can be able to relate to the environment to the extent that now you've been an environment that is hostile but because of that you might the same way that guy throws in a freezer that was not on it wasn't on it is the same is the same way a person can be in fire and not get burnt because the mind is so powerful it it puts the when the moment that that philosophies established there's a place there's a gap between just having an ideology and being able to be established in that ideology when you're set of that particular ideology even yourselves now respond to the established that's marvelous I can tell myself what to do yeah I can't tell you me become a violinist okay now today we're going to have a great day and that's it sure and you see like example entrepreneurs if you can see the mindset of people who are achievers it's like in the midst of every kind of thing you see that the even problem they are way of interpreting problems different a problem does not put them down they look at a problem they see this is an opportunity and you see when you look at a problem see this is an opportunity that's the word with your mark of distinction there's no but there's a millionaire that's not that's not a millionaire somebody was milled lions isn't it it means that the butterflies or the belly is able to to mill those butterflies and is able to conquer that they have it's a it's a mindset in them and you see most of them have a story especially if they are self-made they say a particular place I was living in a in a in a single room somewhere in a in a shack somewhere in the streets they have a particular kind of a story then the first thing they will tell you is that they began changing first of all their mind the other thing they thought the process thoughts they began to tease themselves as achievers and because they're able to program them themselves that way the environment had to respond that's beautiful yeah you have the mind as part to exact pressure on the environment and the environment will respond where does low self-esteem and high self-esteem comes from because in my research I found that apparently those who with low self-esteem are more likely to abuse more than people with high self-esteem not that you know that they don't you know partake but they just have a more affliction I don't really know how to put it because now in their state let's say you're under the influence and you have low self-esteem the next thing is oh my gosh I'm useless oh my gosh I'm not worth anything oh my gosh my my life oh and then maybe you come and start blaming your parents all my patterns did to this to me oh my gosh my sibling had a better life oh why didn't my parents treat me like the way that my neighbor's parents no off no off no off it's always either self-destructive or sublime to someone else so what is this is mental health is a psychological is going on here it's it's mostly psychological yeah because everybody faces almost the same problems is there is a possession of our disposition that determines now somebody for left low self-esteem they want the environment to favor them fast somebody with a high self-esteem that it doesn't matter the environment the environment has to change to their team you see so it's an art is a is a is a disposition so the person in the high self-esteem probably may face the same kind of situation or even there are some kinds of people that have been those kinds of environment they had self loss of esteem then eventually they go to a place of high self-esteem it's because of the thought process there they're taking places that they had I can be in an environment that I've been oppressed or something then I sit down on a chair like this I can I can come and sit on this chair from a place of loss of esteem and I can leave this chair from a place of high self-esteem without anything else being so you see loss of esteem I can I can sit down here and say okay everybody doesn't like me everybody you see fights me my parents don't like me I don't have friends a second things and the moment I'm doing that I'm building blocks you see you see somebody loss of esteem even if even if in the religious aspect when so when you're praying and you're telling you saying I'm unworthy and second things you see your body's listening so you walk at other place and the evidence of unworthiness will be upon you like you feel unworthy you automatically feel because that sense of the mind that you have that you're unworthy is reverberating an entire being if your bones are feeling unworthy but somebody else sits down there and say I'm an achiever doesn't matter because everybody even if you're an achiever you find opposition there's no in one of that as much as people may have places that they have extreme kind of situations but we have we can have testimonies so people have been in extreme operations and they're still able to overcome they have high self-esteem and there's some kinds of people even somebody of loss of esteem doesn't matter whether you love them they won't see it in fact they'll be why do you love me I'm not even ready to resist them yeah you see somebody you can you can find that you have you can say I have so much love I have enough love to supply to somebody who doesn't have even a laugh of themselves but it's a problem loving somebody who does not love themselves because they don't have that vow to be able to receive it you see so it's an issue that somebody can sit down on a channel we need to say now I need to change my life because people when they're coming into drug abuse first of all they're trying to find an attachment it's like you're waiting for the environment to validate you first before you come up and sometimes yes sometimes it can be good for us to think okay let us supply an environment for all this kind of but for how long will somebody be in that place because it doesn't matter whether it's applied if you've not come to a place of attainment you will not be able to turn the game around so eventually it comes to a point where that is self I whether somebody tells you or whether you come to that conclusion as a person you have everybody has to come to a place and say that I need to change the game I need to be Lord over the environment not the environment loading over me yeah I like that I have a personal experience there's a time in my life I was grief-stricken and at this point previously I was okay you know but then grief happened and suddenly there was a void in my life it's a very big point and I did not know did not know how to fill it and I kept running away from myself yeah I would never allow myself to be alone either for this person or I've gone out here or I'm busy you know by taking somewhere else but until you know I met myself I met myself in the grief now I actually just had to feel it and I felt and it felt like all my bones were breaking all at once yeah when I came out of that I noticed a very big difference so if I was to walk in maybe a day that I'm not on set I'm not the host of the day or whatever I would find people being intimidated by me and what is the problem like I can't just come and watch you adjust the behind the scenes yeah I know are you coming like are you planning to I'm not planning to do the interview I'm not planning to do anything I'm not even planning to be on TV today I just came to see how you do your thing you know appreciate you from behind the scenes so I guess I I really understand that manifestation from from being you know all like this to a suddenly I'm so much people are starting to notice and they go oh okay okay clearly it's all in the mind so I understand again that people who are I want to say athletes but let's just put them sports sports yeah sports people and particular sports yeah like I saw boxing boxing is is a very extreme sport and it just needs you yeah you can't you don't have teammates attitude taps you rely on so you need to be very psychological strong but very very in the game you need to be very aware of of yourself because you you reach a point where there's a lot of fatigue and then you're taking a lot of punishment so once you start telling yourself hey by the way me jog oh my gosh that's a wrap you've lost the game yeah even if your hand was you know if you had the upper hand rather so help me again this is psychological strength yeah ha is he says he's tricky yeah but what is mental health then what's this whole mental health awareness that we're bringing out into the country what is this we're talking about mental awareness okay there's some kinds mental awareness or mental health mostly is you will factor that mostly in terms of disease best things like schizophrenia those kind of things and it's more like the biological functioning of the brain and all the kinds of disease and sometimes for mental health you treat mental health in a hospital put under medication and such how can you tell the difference yeah how can you tell the difference between psychological strength and mental health the difference between someone being bipolar and someone being depressed the difference between someone having an actual biological situation going on with them and they just don't believe in themselves how can I know just by standing and looking at them from from basic situation like somebody mental has somebody on the streets and is talking to himself outside perhaps it has got into a place of mental illness okay yeah there's some there's some kind of psychological thing that can bring into mental illness because when somebody goes beyond depression somebody can go mad isn't it it begins to become mental because see as we said thought processing sometimes effective in the the brain structure yeah so by looking at somebody you can tell from this sense there's some situations that you can say this one this person I just need to change their philosophy and they'll be okay you see and there's a kind of a person you feel like somebody who has loss of esteem you can tell that it is a psychological issue you just need to tell to change their philosophy because you cannot treat mental health by telling somebody you are are you okay you're beautiful you see you're an achiever you can do this it can't it can't work it needs to be maybe under medication and such but there's some kinds of people can tell this person I think they're in a while they feel lonely just need to give them support to change their philosophy and to bring in the who they are from within and they kick in then they'll be able to change the situation so there are people that have met there's a story let me start story so there's a story of a girl walking she's just walking somewhere going along her ways and then a snake comes and that's really hot and the snake is tired so the snake tells a girl please carry me I'm tired then the girls like no if I carry you going to bite me and I don't want that story is tacky so no then the snake says no I won't bite you I promise just carry me because I'm really tired and tell me where you can maybe and then I'll go on my way so the girl says okay fine I'll carry you so carry a snake a few meters later but and the girl has a snake wait she already had this conversation why have you bit at me and the snake said you knew what I was when you carried me so who told you now I got to my here's Santiago Ponda my take it so you have I have encountered people and they're okay I don't know if they're I want to say that they're all female but the ones that I have encountered are female and that they look very you know soft and oh my gosh they need help so I said okay fine I have enough stamina in myself and psychological strength to you know some buzzer and then you come later and find out these people will bite you in some way or the other or you find that they're secretly competing with you now I talk like you just trying to mind your own business trying to live your best life trying to do things before you reach the finish line what is that is that a psychological problem because I don't get it how would you bite someone who's trying to help you the issues that's majorly psychological because it's an issue of thought-processing and aspect of competition is like avoid somebody's not has not freed themselves with the respect to another person I've ever seen this person who is jealous about your achievement and secretly they are wishing for a downfall not so secretly apparently sometimes you can even tell like even physical somebody just looking at you like I wish you you see because of that voidness and they're not confronting themselves to deal with the thing that they're lacking in their lives and you see most of times when somebody has as and some some people even have they have achievements in life and they still have that kind of a thing once the issue normally in life is when somebody has grown under oppression even if they attain they automatically achieve the status of wanting to oppress others oh wow it's like it's something that happens psychologically subtle is underlying issue but you see until we begin to confront ourselves we we cannot free ourselves from from these other things like attaching ourselves that even if I achieve it has to be attacked to somebody or somebody trying you see people trying to compete means they avoid they're emptying some in some kind because you're not competing with other person you're not competing to prove a point it's like because for the purpose of achievement it's not for the just for the sake of achievement they're trying to prove a point and trying to prove a point it means there's some philosophy this person is running on that is robbing them of the joy that's such a sad life to live imagine where you can just be happy with under your skin just be happy with yourself and your circumstances just be content be joyful just be joyful you are there just being all the time angry all the time sad all the time compete hey my gosh so that's psychological so that's the mindset that's that's something you cannot force unto them they must decide with them they must decide and every person may take different because according to their personality some somebody can change in a moment and some may somebody may be still dealing with something to do with 1987 some people are still stuck at 1987 it's a simple thing I see some of the things and you ask them they'll say somebody grieve me in this particular way and even the person that's talking about maybe may have died but they're still living in the grief they cannot get over it and you see they are vengeance like they're pegged that they have vengeance against this issue and what they're they're experiencing in life is like taking poison expecting your enemy to die yes so sometimes how to conquer these things sometimes you can begin to to prop up pillars that was thought processes that will help you support you get over it you can begin to say okay second things are common to happen in this world it's common to happen in this world you can begin to say things like the problems are coming my way and not for my destruction they may be they're coming to reveal a better part of me that when the moment you see so you see now when you begin to put those thoughts in mind they begin to shift your disposition in terms of how you observing that issue so begin to observe that issue and now it's not the issue controlling how you be but you begin now to begin take charge of other issue and you see you come out a better person I got you're saying after explain that grief until you came to a place of confronting yourself and you realize you can tell you came out a stronger person so that second of situations whenever it is that in your environment you somebody who rules over that you're able to speak authoritatively with somebody who experiences some situation and can begin actually to become a pillar to support them out of that situation because first of all to you is not something that is rare in this world is something that is common so you're not in the place of why why me why that is it you just say okay in this world such kind of a thing it has a it has a possibility of happening and now is upon me to take responsibility to rule over the situation out of the station to rule over me I like that I really do yeah so class what have we learned so far we have learned that psychological strength and mental health are two different things psychological strength is something from within something that you keep telling yourself and once you tell yourself something the universe has no option but to comply to you mental health on the other hand is biological so you have conditions such as schizophrenia you have bipolar etc etc and these most often more often than not rather require medical attention okay so as we wrap this up I want you to give me please an exercise for the audience something because I understand when you wake up the first couple of minutes during the day are very important that's how you set the pace for the rest of the day there's some things I like to do in the morning and I feel like they work very well for me and if I don't I'll feel the effect if I don't do it I feel the effect but I will calibrate during the course of the day but I want the viewers at home to at least know there's a pattern that you can follow in the morning to make you feel stronger to make you feel you know coming in one or just give anyone say yeah if you feel your queens it on the baddest without necessarily harming anyone else without necessarily bringing anyone else down and that's you know life in general a garden is full of different types of flowers there's not one flower that's telling the other and prettier than you they are just coexisting and it's a beautiful place so what would you recommend sir yeah the same way we're talking about the mind is the mind is that like a garden where you you weed you kill snacks and plant roses is it so the same thing is we have to be very intentional with our mind in terms of like the way you think is who you are man he's as he thinks so in the morning somebody can just work up I see most of times people work up and they're like wow it's another day you see that alone begin to set on course the forces that will you see it will be that your life will be that we'll have to go ah see but work up in the morning I was like wow you can have an access like this wake up in the morning taking a deep breath life is good let's do this yeah it's another opportunity you see like the moment you do that everything will begin to come on course to favor you because you are your energetic you first life and you realize you there's some people don't get easily fatigued the people after sleeping sleep is equally fatigued they wake up tired it's mostly because of how they think they're not looking forward to another day but somebody who's an achiever they wake up in the morning I like wow it's another opportunity to progress and if we do that daily eventually we kick in and to be able to overcome life issues that we face daily and then okay now that you've woken up you've taken your deep breath guys take a deep breath I say life is good and then shortly after you walk out of bed and then your small toe it's like it has a GPS for the corner of furniture you spend a couple of second seconds just writhing in pain and then maybe toothpaste in Asia so now you you feel like now the problems are piling up okay so what do you tell yourself then after that because if you you started from life is good it ought to be the bedrock of everything yeah so you feel everything through life is good so when you hit the bed it means now you need to you need to think about what you've a better bed and such when it's about toothpaste if thinking now I need a tooth but dispense out several things somebody was thinking achievement every problem they look at they look for solutions how can I make better see somebody was living in a posh place it's because they are trying to make life better and it started by a thought they're trying to alleviate some kind of problem they face a particular kind of problem and like so somebody was hit the bed and maybe they told him like ouch no get back in place we got to do this so he's limping you see every single people are energetic they don't see any problem we are going to do this whether you like it or not whether you like it or not and you'll overcome life because if you want to be to to to drift back into oh wow now the problems are piling problems are there but you have to the attitude that the problem determines how your life will be hmm so it's just shifting the attitude every moment your heat you put that in the moment you say no you're not gonna roll over me I'm above this someone steps on you in the matter to you say no it's okay it's okay maybe you just want to tell me hi hi yeah yeah sure you see there's an attitude disposition somebody stepping in you and you like maybe just tell me hi or you say these things happen somebody can can step on you on a matter against a conversation how what do you do see is a disposition but somebody has been stepped on and the entire day will be ruined yeah yeah all right so maybe in conclusion give me one sentence to wrap this up right this one one sentence to wrap this up in a nutshell yeah yeah first one thing that you can say is like life is good life is good and it's worth enjoying and making the better out of it in every moment that you experience every situation that comes your way look at it as an opportunity to mine out something that will make you to be a person of a difference something that will give you a distinction how it processes our thoughts in every challenge that we face gives us a mark of distinction that we may step ahead and step out of the crowd step out of the crowd is because of the challenges or the problem they're solved so in every kind of a problem that you face as an individual your attitude disposition begins to give you a mark of distinction and you may prosper through the process the thought process that you take through the challenge that you face there's no challenge that is here to destroy every challenge that is coming your ways to bring out the best in you because the power is in you there's able to overcome every challenges in the world there's no challenge in the world that is beyond your ability to bring under your control supposed to rule over it there's nothing new under the Sun that means there's no problem you're going to face that no one has ever faced before there's no problem that is going to overwhelm you that someone has not come out of yeah so it's gonna be all right so take that deep breath it's gonna be a great day I hope to meet with the balloons is a Monday please have an amazing week yeah but don't go away we still have politics coming up next and man crush Monday whoo what if I found Facebook at white if I fortune on Twitter hashtag is one in the morning you don't want to miss out you really don't