My name is Neil Coulson. I'm the CEO of J.K.O Corporation, Australia's leading manufacturer of recreational vehicles. We pride ourselves on the J.K.O family and that's about our people and our business is all about our people, so safety is critical. We've committed to safety. We've made significant improvements. We're proud of that. I think all of our employees are proud of that. But we're equally clear that we're on a journey and that journey never ends, particularly with something like safety. Nathan, nice to meet you Nathan. So Stephen, how long have you worked at J.K.O? I've worked at J.K.O for five years. So I started out as just an aircon fitter on the line there and then I've worked my way up through to be a furniture fitter and then worked my way to a team leader position. So what we've been able to provide here is we've got the rolls of vinyl that go onto the caravan there. Each roll is 150 kilos. So two men, you just couldn't realistically do something like that. So you'd have to use the vinyl lifter now. And save a lot of grease and that way I can just crank it up. Cable's taken all attention. Back feels fine.  And because you've got 17 units per day, you can't do it manually by yourself all day every day. You'll just burn yourself out otherwise. And what difference has this made for you and your team? Incredible difference, incredible difference. When I first started here, I told these guys last week I had to go in for an operation just due to having a hoodie. I'm from doing too much of the manual lifting. A job like this has just taken that pressure off, you know. All the people in the team now. There's no added injury that's happened since any of these equipments come in. So it's been a great, great saving course for us down here. The support network here is fantastic. That is, if you've got an idea, everyone will help get behind it and they'll all work towards that one roll. And then that way they can feed it back to me and they can let me know. It was a great idea. We couldn't fit what you were thinking in, but we've then come back with this idea. How do you think of that? Because you're the one that's going to use it. So a lot of communication between these different sectors all coming for that one roll of safety. At the moment we're winning, but we can keep winning, you know. We can keep moving that path. Do you think you'll ever stop improving safety? Oh, no way. No way. The day we stop is the day somebody will get seriously injured. On your own journey. That's right, yep. So, Peter, tell us what happens here as part of your job. Yep, there's got a crane here. It's a suction crane.  So again, no lifting involved. Just sliding along the roller. Okay, because there'd be a bit of weight in those. Yeah. When I first started, they used to be done manually. You just have to have like three or four guys to carry it. Okay. But now they've got the lifter. So compared to having three or four guys having to stop their work, just to hold it there. Yep. It's made it a lot easier. So now the new equipment, the new lifting aids and those sorts of things have been introduced at JOKO. Has it changed the job for you and your team, and how has it changed it? It's just taken away like the risk of injury, basically. Right. There's no lifting, so there's no wrong way to do it, so you can't really hurt yourself. Yeah. It makes your whole day's work easier. Yeah. If your work's easier, then you seem to work a bit happier. Yep. Better produce a better product. Yeah. What have been the changes in how your teams complete their tasks and the sort of manual handling equipment we can see here? Well, for the last few years, we've got this new clean spirit. Beforehand, there was a lot of manual handling. There was a high risk of injury, you know, time loss as well. That affects us a lot. So this must be a lot different to the way it was before. We've got four people lifting this roof to put them on the line. And what does the team think about using this sort of manual handling device? They actually do refuse to lift them by hand. OK. And I advice them to keep refusing because we have people who have it into the back before. It must give you confidence that now you've got this machine, you're improving safety and you're improving confidence. The race is confident, the race is tomorrow and people, they all want to come in and do the job. Yeah. Yeah.  Yes. So I understand maybe you had an injury and the lifters have subsequently come in. Can you tell us a little bit about that? What happened was before we had the lifters, everything was being manual handled. Yep. So myself and that operator were moving one of the roofs onto another bench. Yeah. I felt a bit of a crack on my back. Yeah. What's the difference now with the sort of roof lifters and things you've got? I don't have to lift it. Yeah. The machine doesn't for me, all I've got to do is press a button. Yeah. So it makes it very easy for us. Stephen, what's the best part of your job here at JK? I've just seen the dreams of people getting built. Just a huge sense of pride in me, you know, that I was able to build that van. I've set them up on their dream, they're off on their dream holiday travelling around and now they're just having the time of their lives due to what we've done in here in the factory. So it sounds like you're pretty passionate about what you're building. Oh, very passionate. Yeah, that's right. Yeah, this is my career. I'm not going anywhere. I'm in the young guy now.  So stick with something that I know, that I like and that I love and keep kicking goals. Meeting with Harvey Ayer, Peter and Stephen today was just fantastic. The fact that some of their ideas and some of their thoughts have been realised and introduced and are improving safety at JK is a great credit to their commitment. And if the demonstration of effort and the conversations I had today are any indication, communications are number one priority to achieving improved safety and we have a very solid platform with great citizens like those guys who are doing a fantastic job communicating the safety message around JK. I just wanted to thank you guys for participating. JK was invited by WorkSafe to participate in this project and I sort of jumped at the opportunity because I thought just getting out there and in this fantastic disguise where nobody would pick me. I thought it was pretty good. It got me going for a while. I was like, that's a bit of a cheap moustache. I'm quite sad if it about it. But getting out there and finding out what was actually happening out there, how you guys felt about it because I think as you appreciate, you know, we're pretty committed to safety here.  So you're three guys that are going to be a big part of JK's future and we've not only got the strong foundations of today but we've got a fantastic opportunity going forward. So, well, thanks very much for your time, guys. I much appreciate it. Thanks, Adia. Thank you very much. Thanks, mate.


Traffic was down to one lane today on Highway 197 in Bemidji, but it wasn't for road construction. Members of the local electricians union spent the morning hanging Christmas decorations from the street lights along the highway. The illuminated trees, candy cans, stars, and stockings are all part of the first City of Lights celebration. Local Union 294 enjoys offering their services to any community who needs assistance in getting ready for the holidays. We do it in Hibene and we've offered in other cities to help out and help get their parades ready and their Christmas decorations ready and stuff and it's all part of the Christmas spirit. The grand lighting of over 165,000 lights will be Friday, November 24th during the Night We Light celebration. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland news, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


Hey Alice Alice wait till you see what I've got it's sensational look. What is it? What is it? It's a collector's item the only one of its kind in the whole world. It's a picture of Liberace cry RCA Victor world leader of radio first and recorded music at first in television presents the Phil Harris Alice Faye show Phil Harris Alice Faye show transcribe written by Ed James and Al Schwartz with Elliot Lewis Walter Tedley John Hubbard Janine Roos and Whitfield Walter Sharpeness music and yours truly Bill Foreman Tonight for your enjoyment. We offer a study in utter confusion entitled a night with Phil Harris or The witch bothered and bewildered first. Here's a word from RCA Victor Stars of the RCA Victor program Alice Faye and Phil Harris when you get right down to it There isn't too much difference between a married man and a bachelor a bachelor is a clothes horse a married man works Like a horse to keep his family in clothes Your bachelor life is a glorious song, but married men have their own particular anthem like so Oh, if I had the wings of an angel Over these prison walls I would fly Alice screams if I don't hang my clothes up I'd be much Better off at the why Did you put your clothes away put them away, honey? I filed them ties under B Sweaters under C wait a minute. Whoa boy hold it now. What's the matter socks ties and sweaters under AB and C Naturally our guile bowl and cashmere Please learn to put your things away Sometimes I think I'm living with Lily St. Cyr. That's bad No, I'm only kidding No, I'm not this is your home and you ought to take more pride in I do I do who cuts the lawn every week my brother Willie Well, who painted the fence last month Allison Phyllis But wait a minute. I've got something last April when the faucet in the kitchen was leaking who fixed it. I did Well, I got news for you. It's leaking I Wait for me in the living room honey.  We're back to Lily St. Clair I don't feel I don't understand you. This is your home and you're never in it Is that so name one man who spends more time at home than I do all right Harry Truman Ben Hogan Papa Dion Yeah Yes, he does he spends quite a lot of time around Now wait a minute. I mean entertainers Jack Benny Eddie Canada Jimmy Durratti up and hold it Bula. Hold it. I Mean entertainers with curly hair who can sing that's what I like about the soft That stopped you Bill you spend more time away from home than Barnum and Bailey, you know, you know what Allison Phyllis asked me yesterday They wanted to know if you'd been drafted It ain't that bad is it worse for instance, where are you going tonight? Well Elliot and I figured that we'd good I'm staying home That's where I'm going tonight. You are yes, sir. I told Elliot I said Elliot tonight I'm staying home with my family. That's what I told him when did you tell him right now the second I see him See that you do don't worry Alice when I tell somebody I tell him. I'll see you later, baby Don't forget Phil you're staying home tonight. You promise okay. I promised I promised Make such a big thing out of it. You'd think I never stayed home. I was home. Let's see Oh Wednesday, no, no it was Tuesday. I remember because that's the night Eisenhower was elected Where you hear the news I got oh, hello, Ellie, you know who's in town Alice just told me Jack Benny Eddie canner Lily St. Sear. No, no, no, I can't Lily St. Sears and forget about Lily St. Sear.  What's the big nose? You know who's in town red nickels and alvino ray They are and that ain't all jack teagarden woody Herman the whole bunch from the original Dixie land doozies You mean they're right here all of them. That's what I mean They're doing one night is with the old outfit. No kid Curly remember when we were barnstorming with the doozies Do I remember? I Got scars Boy those were the days Hey, Elliott, you remember that night in Altoona Yeah, drinking champagne out of a slipper What a night I never did find out who's slipper. I was drinking You didn't it was mine Okay, night and Dayton with a big blonde. Yeah, the one with the buck teeth.  Yeah, it was like kissing the traffic light She always kept the green eye open. Go man.  Oh tuxedos hanging from the ceiling Lasagna cooking on the motor salami hanging in the window Limburger hanging out the window Remember the night the bus hit that vegetable truck musical goulash Somehow the bus never smelled the same after that now needed a debase player Sure messed up our poker game. Remember the night you had four jacks. Yeah, and red nickels beat me with three aces in the narrow And alvino Ray, he had so many cards up his sleeve. We had to shuffle his coat He still takes a full house is Kate Smith and a phone Curly Talking about poker remember what your big number was in those days what my three-star. Yeah, remember it kept us in Denver sandwiches, didn't it? Bill Jackson was a poor old who joined the Darktown poker club. Yeah And first the day told him he would join Honey used to go like it had wings of the old queen someone had kings and each night he wouldn't trim it all Cinema playing tight tonight to be no barbed tail pleasures make me buddy said when I get in there so my hands over your feet Played him tight and lost his pile and bill got peevish after a while.    Harley you're gonna play this game according to me I'm sitting right there not their clan they chance to be one-eyed man and Bill kept on watching him out of the corner of his eyes The one-eyed deal and then it cost that Bill another five and ten Bill got up again looked all around him with a sigh Said loud.  I catch him cheating just once again. I'm gonna take this fish and close that Now do you see that brand-new razor?  I'm gonna be your vine by Passive taste for us. Let me riffle ever time before you deans. Let me irrigate around.  Harley You gonna play this game according to me now Henry if you'll break the seal on that new deck of bicycles We'll get on from here.  Well, then I'll tell Allison. Oh No What's matter curly? Oh, I promised Alice. I'd stay home tonight.  Are you kidding? You should have heard the routine. She gave you about Jack Benny and Barnum and Bailey and Jack Jack Benny's with Barnum and Bailey What she means is that Jack Benny stays home Oh, that's what Alice meant and that's what she wants me to do stay here But why tonight? I don't know, but I promised her and I got to stay home. No, wait a minute curly You don't let Alice push you around do you if you want to go out you go out Don't you you can make her take it and like it.  So we got to do something the guys are only gonna be here one night realize that Elliot I realized that but what am I gonna tell Alice I can't tell her the truth, huh? Of course not. She'd never believe me well Tell her we got to go see a couple of days. All right, buddy. Oh She'd believe that yes Roy. Yeah, it's all go great. What do you tell you want to get out? Don't you? Oh, yeah, I forgot wait a minute Hey, I got it. Hey, I got it. They're running you for governor and you got to make a speech to the temperance union Certainly it's unbelievable Alice knows I don't like to make speeches Come up with something will you thank it? I'm thinking I'm thinking I'm thinking What's the matter it keeps coming out Lily St. Cyr Leave the girl alone, please Look, what do you want to do? Do you want to help me? Do you want to think of something or do you want me to sit home all night and listen to one for the money? Two for the show three to get ready and Herb Shriners got a go Oh That's it.  She ain't never gonna believe that this kid Alice She's gonna have to she's gonna hear it on the radio. What are you nuts or something early? You've got a home recording machine, haven't you sure got a microphone that works through the radio Hasn't it so I hide in the back of the radio and I announced through the microphone that you've won the contest How can it miss Elliott? She'll know your voice. Oh, she won't curly. I'll be a regular Tony wands. Well We're down the bottom of the barrel now, ain't we dad? I See and and then if you announce that I'm the winner then I'll have to go down and get the prize. Is that it? That's it You know something with it. I think you got something Wait a minute. Where are you going in the back of the radio? You call out look Elliott Okay Alice hey Alice honey Hey Alice come here quick, huh What's the matter? What happened honey? I just won a big contest on the radio I didn't hear anything. Well, they haven't announced it yet But they're gonna just listen good evening ladies and gentlemen Strike it poor is on the air Get poor it's a new show for rich people What else is new they'll come back here my prize I got a what prize the prize and tonight's giant refrigerator You say we've got a refrigerator great. Hey, do you hear that Alice an RCA Victor television set with a 27-inch screen? We've got one what a miserable house. We've got everything Maybe if I go down there, I can change tonight Josephine. Good night. Elliot tonight Alice This thing I've ever heard strike it poor for rich people Okay, Elliot you can come out she didn't go for it, huh? Actually, she didn't go for it. I told you well, we think of something else. What does she think of vigoros? Now she don't go for opera Or like you put on geraniums and petunias She likes flowers don't she oh sure okay, so we got to fix up the flowers We got to go downtown to buy vigoros smudge pots Pete Moss All that kind of stuff. I Don't know Elliot. What can you lose? What can I lose tomorrow? I can be living at Griffith Park Telling it'll work come on now where we go we're going in to see Alice look you explain about the flowers like this You have to buy vigoros to push their little heads through the ground Smudge pots to keep their petals warm Pete Moss to keep their little roots loaded with moisture You got Well, let me get this straight heads up right petals warm right and What was that about the roots? loaded Why those little devils Elliot watch me do this now you want to see a master at work watch that Say honey just a minute fell. Did you say hello to William? Well if it ain't from here to stupidity Now see here Phillip Alice this is important. I wait until Willie is finished. He'll never be finished. They forgot to give him a head Honey, can I please tell you later later go ahead Willie well Alice as I was saying yes I wanted you to have a nice bed of flowers So I bought some vigoros to push their little heads through the ground and some smudge pot to keep their petals warm and Pete master keep their little roots loaded with moisture. Oh, that's wonderful Willie. Thank you Now what were you going to say Phil? Let's go upstairs Okay, honey, please please. I don't feel good.  Okay All right brains now what? We could pretend that yours Hey curly is that the same teddy bear you've always had? Oh No, no, this is a new one this one walks You see I got it Oh, hi, honey.  I'm locked in my room curly Don't you know? I've always got an out. What kind of an out the window. Oh, that's a great out out the window 30 feet off the ground curly. It's a cinch You drop five feet at a time. How do I do that? Yeah, you work We'll work fast by the time we get out of here the Dixieland doozies will be playing Altona again What was that well, I take a look hey curly, it's Julius his voice is changing. It's his truck Up here. We're up here in the window slip on up here. Will you we want to talk to you maybe human? I wouldn't know nice to the kid. We need him fine. Fine.   What a jam session. We're gonna have I'm gonna beat them drums down to the bear And what I'll do to that guitar. I'll play it like it's never been hey curly just for tonight Can I please put strings on my guitar? Just one don't worry.  This is the window you better make it three boxes. Okay? I don't like it Elliot How you doing Julius? Okay, go ahead curly what? Climb out. Oh wait a minute Elliot. Are you sure that's safe? Are you kidding? I know a guy did this in vortival for 20 years before he was killed Look Elliot. I'm early. It's getting late. Get going. You ready Julius Here goes okay easy does it curly easy does it and a boy Can you reach the ladder? I Don't know I can't find that top wrong. Hey Julius. Hey Elliot. Hurry. I can't hold on anymore I can't always break anything just a few promises But a couple of days in bed, and you'll be all right.  Is it New Year's already? Easy, honey. Everything's gonna be all right. Why doesn't somebody answer the fault Phil again for 46 years? We have been united behind the symbol of the Christmas seal in the fight against tuberculosis This has helped save the lives of six million Americans who might have died of TB So buy your Christmas seals now Thanks, and good night. Good night, everybody This was an NBC radio network production


Hi, this is Jim Jacoby, an extension plant pathologist with Alabama Extension. Thank you for joining me today to learn more about common diseases of vegetables. This talk is a part of a series for home gardeners called Grow More, Give More. For more information on this topic, see our website at aces.edu. To start my presentation, I'm going to discuss several tips that will help you manage diseases in the garden. In the second part of the presentation, I'm going to discuss some of the common diseases that I see in backyard vegetables. The first tip is to make sure you start with healthy transplants. Remember, we want to bring nice healthy transplants into the garden and try to avoid introducing any disease from outside sources. So when you're buying plants, inspect the leaves, the stems, the whole plant to make sure that you're purchasing a nice healthy plant. So you want to select short stocky plants with dark green foliage with no visible spots. We want to avoid tall spindly plants or plants with flowers or small fruit. It's important to buy those small to medium sized plants because they're going to become established more quickly than large ones. The next tip is to keep the foliage dry. Avoid overhead watering, especially in the evening. Water on the leaves provides conditions for infection by bacterial and fungal pathogens. And the longer the leaves are wet, the greater the chance that you're going to get infected leaves. Instead, use drip irrigation or water by hand without wetting the leaves, focusing on watering the plants around the base of the plant. Also, try not to walk through the garden when the foliage is wet. You can actually spread disease by picking up spores on your clothing and spreading them from plant to plant. The next tip is to use mulch. Mulch is a great way to slow the spread of fungal spores left in the soil from previous years. That mulch barrier prevents the splashing of spores from debris from previous years up onto the leaves of the plants. Mulch is also great for helping to maintain soil moisture and prevent problems such as blossom endrod on tomatoes. Another tip is to remove infected plant material anytime during the growing season.  So on the left hand side, we have a few leaves that have brown spots.  On the right hand side, we have a sick tomato plant. I'd pull the entire plant, even if I don't know exactly what's causing the problem. I'm just trying to be safe and preventing anything contagious from spreading within the garden. The last tip is to do your end of season cleanup. So it's important to revisit the garden at the end of the season to make sure everything is cleaned out. It's essential to go in there and move disease plant residue to reduce free trout breaks. So in this case, we've pulled out the tomatoes. And you can still see that after we pulled out all the tomatoes, there still is some tomato leaves and fruit and pieces of stem that are laying on the ground. I'd go in there with a rake and rake all that material out and remove it, hoping to reduce the chance of having disease the next year. Plus, I'd also go in there and pull any weeds, just to try to also remove the sources of weed seed. Next, let's talk about some of the common diseases you might encounter in the garden. One of the most common is powdery mildew. And it's easily recognized by the white to grayish powdery coating on the leaves. It almost looks like talcum powder has been sprinkled on the leaves. You'll see this on a wide variety of plants.  Large variety of plants can be affected. Let's learn a little bit more about the early symptoms and signs of powdery mildew. Powdery mildew often shows up inside the canopy first. So look on the bottoms of the leaves, on the stems or other tissues, because if you can diagnose it and detect it early, you're going to be much better able to manage the disease. Now that we know a little bit more about powdery mildew, let's talk about some control options. One of the first control options is just where you plant the furniture crop. If you plant early and you plant in an open sunny area, you're typically going to have less powdery mildew. Another great option is to use resistant varieties. So if you've had powdery mildew on a crop in the past, maybe it was cucumbers or it was squash, the next time you're going to plant, try to buy a variety that is resistant to powdery mildew. And then you'll have the disease resistance built into the crop and maybe you'll avoid it altogether. The third option is to apply preventative fungicides. So at the first sign of disease, and that means going back to the last slide and looking inside the canopy and on the stems and the bottoms of the leaves, when you first recognize you have some powdery mildew starting, is to apply preventative fungicide. And we know that fungicides containing chlorothalonil, liquid copper, or mycobutanil can be used to control this disease. But before spraying a fungicide, make sure that it's labeled for the crop you're using it on. So in the case of this picture right here, I have some powdery mildew on peas. Before I sprayed or even before I bought a fungicide, I'd want to make sure that it was labeled for controlling powdery mildew and controlling powdery mildew on peas. The next disease we're going to talk about is early blight. Now early blight is our most common foliar disease or leaf disease of tomatoes. And you also may see this on your potato plants. The symptoms of early blight develop on the leaves closest to the ground as small brownish black spots, which can expand to about a quarter to a half an inch in diameter. The spots are relatively regular. They're not perfect circles. And as those spots grow larger, they develop concentric rings, these light and dark rings that almost look like a target or a bullseye. And on the right hand side in this picture, there are some larger lesions or spots, and they're developing that light and dark alternating ring that's typical of early blight. Now early blight is favored by warm wet weather. And so if we have a rainy summer or long periods of rainy weather, we're going to have a lot of early blight potentially, and it can devastate tomato plants. If we have a dry summer, oftentimes we'll have little or no early blight in the garden. To be successful in controlling early blight, we recommend using a combination of methods to prevent disease. First, we recommend rotating to other types of vegetables for two to three years between tomato crops. We also recommend using mulch, which we've discussed before, by creating that barrier with the mulch to prevent the splashing of spores from crop debris and residue from previous seasons. We also recommend using drip irrigation and avoiding overhead sprinklers. So we keep the leaves dry when we use drip irrigation. We also recommend staking, caging, or trellising the plants. So in the picture on the right hand side, we're looking at some tomatoes that are growing on wire cattle panels to get the plants up off the ground, provide better drying conditions, and reduce the amount of disease, hopefully. Another method is to use resistant cultivars. So I've listed four cultivars here. We have Matt's Wild Cherry, Juliette, Defiant, and Mountain Merit. And these would be a way to reduce our use of chemicals, and we can use resistant cultivars as another method to control the disease. But in some seasons when we have a lot of rainfall, we're going to get some disease and we're probably going to need to apply fungicide. I recommend applying the fungicide at the first sign of spots on the plant. We want to start early at the first sign. Don't wait too long. And we apply one of three fungicides that have worked well in research trials. Fungicides containing Magazep, Chlorothalonil, and Liquid Copper. While early blight is the most common disease attacking foliage and tomatoes, other diseases including Septoria leafspot and leaf mold can also be devastating under warm wet weather conditions. So in these two pictures, I have Septoria leafspot on the left-hand side. This also is going to start out attacking the lower leaves first. Symptoms include these small about quarter inch spots that have a dark border with a light center, either white or tan center. On the right-hand side, we have another foliar disease or leaf disease called leaf mold. And leaf mold creates these yellow splotches on the top of the leaf. And then we turn that leaf over, we'll see this green or olive green to brown fungal spores on the bottom. So on the right-hand side, you can see the picture with the yellow splotches on the top and then the spore, the olive green spores on the bottom side. The one good thing is that the control options that we described for early blight will also help to manage both Septoria leafspot and leaf mold. And don't be surprised if you have more than one disease attacking the leaves of your tomato plant. You may have Septoria and leaf mold, you may have early blight and leaf mold, or some combination of those. So you may not just see one disease in your tomatoes. Tomato spotted wilt is a major viral disease that attacks tomatoes, peppers, as well as some ornamental plants.  The insect acquires the virus by feeding on infected weeds or on the hosts and then they pass the virus to tomatoes and other plants when they feed on that plant. Symptoms vary depending on when the plant is infected. Plants infected when they're small are often stunted and turn pale green. These stunted plants may actually wilt and die. Older plants may show leaves that have a purple or bronze appearance. They may have speckling or they may have purple ring spots like as shown in the picture on the right-hand side of the slide. You may also see dark streaks on the petioles and stems of the plant. And an unusual thing that you'll also see is fruit of infected plants will often have these yellow rings. Now that we know a little bit more about tomato spotted wilt virus, let's look at some control options. Before we put the tomatoes in the ground in the springtime, we want to eliminate all weeds in the garden. This is the first step to reducing the chance of getting tomato spotted wilt. Weeds that we know can be carried or hosts of this virus include dandelion, chickweed, buttercup, and planting. So all of these weeds would be ones that I'd really target, but I'd try to get rid of all the weeds in the garden. Another option and probably the best option for preventing the disease is utilizing resistant varieties. Some of the more commonly available varieties for the home garden are Amelia and Bellarosa, but there are many others if you look in seed catalogs. And anytime I see a stunted virus infected plant that has spotted wilt, I'm going to remove that plant. So that's the third way to control it is to remove those infected plants. Thank you for listening to my presentation on vegetable diseases. For more information, visit our website at aces.edu. And if you have additional questions or need help diagnosing a vegetable problem, call our Master Gonder Helpline at<PHONE_NUMBER>.


Since I will not see you, before I leave your country, I wish to request an appreciation to you for all the sides of the friendship that you have received. I am going to see the other Americans. Well, maybe I should set the rules here, since this is a kind of a working breakfast, it will be all right to talk with your mouth full. But why do you want to work? I would like to get a good acceptance or offer to a nominate a French astronaut. Coming shuttle mission. I understand that your son...


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to be in the flight for pregnant and have a baby in November. To graduate in September. Yeah. Most of us, as soon as I sell those anxieties, I'm like, I wish those anxieties probably never go away, that you just get better at adapting to those anxieties, right? We make pretty impactful changes throughout our life that will, if I'm here being successful with the changes that I've been through, or I'm moving towards success every day that I've had, the effects that are important and that are true, they really tend to feel challenging in the five, 10 years. I know where I want to be. This is when I want to be retired and big bearer. Like, that's probably my five, 10 year plan, right? So I think it's challenging to commit to something that rigid and so forth in advance. But I think you have your own rules are exciting, but again, consumable change, right? Let's plan for those phases really. Thanks for the talk. And I wanted to ask you, this hinges off the last question, which was about having a vision. And it sounds like you tend to keep it fairly general, not too specific. And you made that compelling comment about iterate often, and that being a process. Can you talk a little bit about what that looked like for you? As you went along, I'm assuming your vision shaped or changed in some way, in a dynamic way, and the evaluation helped. That's an awesome, awesome question. And maybe it's hard for me to answer. My overall goal in life is, and even when I was in the Navy, was to help impact the large audience a little bit. So iteration, I mean, it really comes from my professional side of the house. We started, so to be honest, the founding CEO. I wasn't probably the best suited from an aggressive operational standpoint to scale us. So I made a decision that was very impactful to the organization, to myself, to my family, to go maybe somewhere else that I could positively impact the large audience in a positive way. I went back into the agency space. I felt that I could help create stuff on the internet. I thought that was an exciting thing to do. I had my time there. That was impactful for me. Impactful for those around me. I helped a brand. It was great, a lot of people. But then it was time to step back and rethink that. So I think it's hard to pinpoint a specific time for where I'm like, hey, I iterated here because of this, but you'll find those things as you go along, right? You continue moving towards that over and over. So I think that vision, that overall long-term vision is important to what you asked there, though. It's incremental on behind me. How have you dealt with the loss of the chargers? It's a loss of interest. Hello. With that organization, my aunt passed away at 31. Took me to my first game after work when I was like, oh, that's great.  That attachment to that team is super meaningful to me. So they could have ended up in Nebraska, I'd probably do that. Any final questions? Just, Doug, I got one. Hey, you talked about early on in your lifestyles that you had. If you stay consistent in the military, leaving a college aside, I had some opportunities that found me because of my technical experience. So web cameras was web-related, and lots of products there. I kept the dialogue with Daniel going at that time in the vision of how do we check websites for the overall issues and those items. As I was working, as I was transitioning back to California, it was cold in Chicago. Kept that dialogue going, right? And the consistency of not staying in question. So I was stationed in Naples, Italy in 2004. I was doing design work, UI stuff, local arts, branding on the side because the Navy pays real well, right? And I'm going, oh, you talked about all of these cool graphics, I want to make a portfolio aside. So I'm making this just terrible HTML and CSS website and I want to get a better way to manage this and use and all this stuff. And I started going through the canon of content management system at the time. WordPress seemed like a way that I could get that launch money here after the fork. And I fell in love with it. I started creating sites at one point and that fell me to the liking of one of the new professional services. Tony and I actually bought it, so Sukuni took off. He started our own small agency for a little while. And that really kind of pulled circle when I left Sukuni for that short bit to the agency space, kind of drove that. I wanted to feel that at a higher scale level. But yeah, the chance to get it right now.


Harry Potter and Draco Malfoy, Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, Luke Skywalker and Han Solo, Dr. Frankenstein and his creature. In each of these pairings, one character acts as a foil to the other. A foil is any aspect of a work of literature that helps us understand another aspect by providing a contrast. We get to know Harry more deeply because we see him in contrast to Draco, because Draco is calculating and selfish and mean. Harry's good intentions, generosity and bravery shine more brightly. This use of the word foil probably comes from jewelry making when a jeweler could use a foil setting to make a fake gemstone shine more brightly. This works because the foil reflects one thing, a character, an event, or a social issue back to another to help us see it more brightly. For example, in Arthur Conan Doyle's The Sign of Four, Sherlock Holmes says to Dr. Watson, observation shows me that you've been to the Wigmore Street Post Office this morning, but deduction lets me know that when there you dispatched a telegram. Right, said Watson, right on both points, but I confess that I don't see how you arrived at it. It was a sudden impulse upon my part and I have mentioned it to no one. Sherlock Holmes then explains how he figured out where Watson was, a bit of reddish mud on his shoe, a bundle of postcards on his desk, and there you have it. Watson, as always, is impressed by Holmes' power of observation and deduction. He can never tell in advance how Holmes arrives at his conclusions. And many Sherlock Holmes stories start with this kind of scene. It highlights the contrast between them, solid dependable Watson, brilliant unpredictable Holmes. What makes Watson the foil is that ultimately we learn about Sherlock Holmes more than we ever know about Watson. Holmes is the star of the show. In the conversation we just saw, for instance, Watson continues to express doubt and amazement while Holmes explains in great detail how he knows where Watson went. Watson's mind is like a blank screen for Holmes' insights, or like that bit of foil that makes the jewel of Holmes' mind shine more brightly. Foils do not only explain characters, though. They can also comment on social issues such as race or gender. In Nello Larson's 1929 novel Passing, the main characters, Irene Redfield and Claire Kendry, are both identified as black but are both able to pass as white in their segregated society. Claire, who's described as exquisite, golden, fragrant, flaunting, is passionate and desperate for social mobility. She has also passed as white for her whole adult life. Irene, her childhood friend, is firmly ensconced in the black community of Harlem. Irene feels dowdy and commonplace next to Claire, but she also resents Claire for moving back and forth across the color line as Claire pretends to be white in the rest of her life, but then visits Irene and Harlem. Claire, on the other hand, desires the life that Irene has connected to the vibrant black art scene of the Harlem Renaissance. As Irene and Claire reflect back on each other, we understand their characters better, and together they also illuminate how the black-white binary works. Harlem depends on a clear binary, a clear separation between black and white, but because both Irene and Claire can pass as white, they show how that line is actually blurry and unstable. There are no definitive physical features that can be counted on to determine race.  By breaking down the binary between black and white, the novel shows how race and social class always work together, since race alone isn't always clear enough to maintain separation. This is where the foil comes in again. Irene is jealous of Claire's beauty and especially her expensive clothes, which she has been able to buy only because she passes as white. In this way, Claire reflects back to Irene how desirable whiteness is made out to be. But Irene also thinks Claire is too flashy to try hard. Claire's never satisfied with what she has. In this way, Claire reflects back the price of passing as white, the hollowness of denying her past and the possibility of being part of the black community. So by seeing each character illuminated by the other, we get a more complex understanding of how race and class work together to uphold institutions like racism and white supremacy.


Hey guys, I want to share the results with you on one of the strategies that we've been trading. This is called our navigation trend trading system. And this is an account that I've funded back in the middle of August 2021. In fact, August 18, 2021, you can see I put 15,000 and then from a different bank account, I put another five in. So a total of 20,000. And at the time of this recording, it's July 1, 2022. And you can see the account is up over 60,000. So I've more than tripled my account in less than 11 months. And the account that I'm trading here is done with Micro Futures. You can trade this strategy with stocks. You can trade it with ETFs. You can trade it with options. I do all of the above. This account specifically is just my Micro Futures account. You can see over that 11 month period, I took almost 500 trades with a little over 1,000 contracts. So I'm averaging about two contracts per trade. So pretty small size. And like I said, I've over tripled my account in that 11 month span. Now look at some of the statistics. Only about a 53, almost 54% win rate. So nothing earth shattering there. You can see my largest winner a little over 2,600.  Average winner about 523.   My win rate is just over 50%. And with those statistics, I've been able to like I said, over triple the account in that amount of time. Now, if we go to the platform, I'll give you a kind of a look of what it looks like. So this is a daily chart of SPY. So you can see we've got some different colored what we call trend candles. We have some indications of whether we're in an uptrend or a downtrend. And we are simply using the direction of the system to to place our trades. And again, you can do this on any stock, any ETF, any future forex, crypto, whatever it is. And it gives you a 100% rules based system for trading directionally. And so if you're interested in checking it out and following exactly what we're doing, we have a membership for this NTT program. It stands for navigation trend trading. We have a full step by step course. And so this gives you the the lessons for that. We have the indicators that you just saw in my chart that are available for trading view or thinkorswim. We teach you exactly how to enter, we teach you exactly how to exit the trade. And then we also can use it for different time frame. So it works not only on the daily charts, but you can do it to day trade to get in and out of trades during the day. And then some additional NTT setups that we've got coming as well. We also as part of the membership, you also get the trades of the day. So a couple of things what we call the buy the dips, the sell the rips, what we call a Johnny cash long and short trade. We give you a weekly video recaps of all the trades and positions. And we've also got a scanner that that's not quite ready yet, but it should be coming here in the next couple of weeks. And then we, you get access to our community where you have access access to exclusive content, you get to meet and interact with other like minded traders interact with us and dedicated channels specifically for these navigation trend trades, where we post the opportunities every single day. So you get the course, you get the alerts, you get access to the community total value of almost $3,500. But what we've done is we've created just a low cost membership. So if you want to pay monthly, it's just 129 a month, or you can save some money by paying annually. And that's 1290 a year. If you're interested, just go to navigation trading.com slash go NTT. That's navigation trading.com slash go NTT. We look forward to seeing you on the inside and, uh, and, and take an advantage of how I tripled my account in the last 11 months. Look forward to seeing you on the inside.


Okay, hello everyone. It's really a big pleasure to see so many people after so long. So it's a pleasure also to introduce our speaker, Daniel Madulu Shabrak. He's our visitor from Tartania. He will be around two months. So if you find his research interesting for you, don't hesitate to talk with him. He has a very nice story, so especially for the student, because he was a step student. He did all his career in Tartania, but he came to STP first time as a step student. And he joined here for several months, but he was so interested in physics that he did the PhD courses of CISA and the courses here in the diploma. So he was extremely motivated to do this. And he took a lot of profit from the courses he does now. He's a professor in Tartania, and he's teaching a lot of new students in his country, and he's got some motivation for him. So he will talk about natural products and new discoveries. Yeah, thanks for the nice introduction. My talk will be about computational methods that we use in the discovery of practical natural products. I mentioned Tanzania, and I'm with St. John's University of Tanzania. And now I'm visiting ICTP for some months. So welcome to Tanzania, my friends. St. John's University of Tanzania is in Yodoma, the capital of the city. And from Yodoma to St. John's Trieste is as far as this education. I'm St. John's, so I work in the Department of Chemistry. So I'm myself from a trained chemist, actually an experimental chemist. And then I moved from being an experimentalist to the rest of computer scientists. So I moved from doing chemistry to confession by physics. I moved from being an experimentalist to confession. And then I took this step. And also the support from the office of the former hospital director, Fernando. So it was a very nice experience actually for me. So back home to Tanzania, I said, oh, this is, I am ready to go bring food back. So I established the training by the schools in here. So since 2018 today. Now I have been a mission to establish an African center by a team. We hope it will work very, very soon. And the school has been very successful bringing many African scientists, all these participants coming from different countries in Africa. And the good thing that some of them are doing PhD, for example, is that it is here in Iran. You met the horizon in the school. So this is the success of it. Now let's go back to our business and I'll be sharing with you the overview of natural products research in Tanzania. And how we can use professional methods to understand the original and the actual how they work. So research is a natural product in Tanzania. That is about to the early 1970s where Professor Hassanar was a professor in the Department of Heritage at the University of Islam. So actually Hassanar is the father of Hassanar. So Hassanar is junior, Hassanar is senior. And then was Professor Sankunya. So we lost him three months ago. So the guy that established the natural product research and the motivation was the exploration of this nice small electric and he did not know how to name it. So he named it Barak, Barak means Baraka. He said because it has two hydroxyl groups on the other hand, so let's talk about this abrasive. So we have abrasive to this research. So natural products actually of different classes. And how do we obtain from the plant? As the plant strive, you know, with biotic and you know, with all the stresses, then they make of course food for them to survive. As they make food from different sources, from the inorganic, from monoclonal, from water, there are different pathways that they got through. So the first pathway we need to first the metabolite that the vitamin D, et cetera, et cetera, that are very essential for the plant. And again, as they strive this pathway, one of the questions that they give another program. The second, we follow them, a secondary metabolite. So we are primary metabolite, secondary metabolite. So the secondary metabolite are of actually no use to the plant. So actually they give them out as physical or, you know, as the product of the vitamin D. And then for last we use them. They're very important for us. So and then we can find them from many plants of different classes like caricalloidate, apennate, and many for the pet type. And actually this, of course we use them in our daily life because the others are from different sources. We can obtain them from marine organisms and from our, we call it in the Swahili in Darasi. And then we use this natural product for many, many years that we use in the, as a source of medicine. And I will focus also my discussion with this natural product and I've shown very good promising as a neuroprotective agent and treatment of warrenia and patents on disease and also in many other diseases. So some natural products now have been approved by the FDA for treatment of many diseases. For example, as an energetic particular to vital and the many and that they're from marine organisms and the other from the plants. Now in Tanzania, natural product research, so we have two major, two groups. One group is focused on the isolation and the characterization of this natural product. And this man, Professor Nyandoro from the University of Tehran so he was also my MSC, a scientist and advisor and now we work together with him. And this Professor Esta, she's a student of Professor Sanan, senior. She was trained in natural product and now she do formulation of this natural product. So how do we obtain this natural product in this laboratory? Normally chemists will go to the field, we collect the plant, we'll do the solution, put in the solvent, evaporate the solvent, get the crude extract, the fractionation and then we use spectroscopic technique to get some signals then we use these signals like in NMR, the signal corresponds to carbon, it corresponds to this atom. And then we join together, we get the monitoring and also with the other IT NMR. So an example of this natural product, very interesting, is for example this alkaloid. So most interesting look is the change just in this group here. So chemists are already interested with smaller changes in the functional group. So the changes in the opening of this to form this results to a dramatic effect in the parent activity. So I'm interested in how this is happening. So computational approach is we are now coming in to help understand how this is little working and what is happening. So I will give an example to this one in the next two slides. Yes. Thank you very much. Okay. This is a, okay. This molecule, the alkaloid, as the labestide. So they showed the ability to kill the lab as to what the concentration is effective. So this is the rate of dose of killing the perfect population of the tested organism. So this one is able to kill at 0.0025 milligram per milliliter. So this is a milligram per milliliter. So there are more rest, rest, rest, the more effective, effective, effective. There is a very small opportunity to give a larger effect. That's what the meaning is. So the other type of natural product that I will use also in my talk is this from the plant. Because when I was doing the masters there we actually did many of them and we tested them as cancer, and now we are working with them as a neuro-protective agent from two perspectives so using the computation of logic and using the experimental asset. Now while traditionally the process of discovering a drug is very possible, very challenging, it takes a long time. 15 years on average, if you go to the pharmacy and you ask for a panel, your mind is taking more than 15 years to be a fluke. And it's not a guarantee that the molecule will be accessed. So some drug was there in the fluke, they evaporate from the application just in one year, two years because of the availability of systems and all the things. So why this? Because all of these things are discovered or they are studied during the progression of the process. It is very easy to skip things and when you go through them you find all these problems. So it's a bad time to pharmacy. Now the advent of computer hardware algorithm has been helping a lot. Now to study all these in advance. So let me use this slide here. So normally now in order to shorten the process we will begin with computational things by informatics understanding all the drugging properties, the pharmacopinetics, how it is distributed into the body, how it is absorbed, what is the toxicity, before going to clinical trial.  Now at least we have private information on the toxicity, on the therapy and this can quickly shorten the time and speed up the process. So computational methods of private drug design actually are of two categories. They are based on a region-based design so that you have one range of natural products and you have a set of other known models to treat, for example a cancer. So you have your data set, your database this micro product, you don't know how to evaluate it. You train based on the model that you have known. So if the model is known to treat cancer they have maybe 3 or 8 and they have 3 reasons that you train, you need to have these properties to provide to do this. So this is based on this machine learning approach. I will talk about it later. And the structure based drug design is much machine learning that you approach a disease when you treat it. We just look for a target. As it is a protein, mostly it is a protein. So we look for a model that we go to bind to the protein and we stop that thing by preparing for process that is happening. So that could be my prognosis that someone say, oh now I'm feeling well. The third one is the number you don't know the disease, you don't know the region. So the first one is useful. So we can do quantitative structure and relationship and efficient neural network decision tree. But all of these are based on machine learning algorithms. So how do we do you have a database of natural products and you have now camera informatics they can predict all these things. So you can look into the physical chemical property membrane intermediate system between people and the human side. Then you can get your favorable natural product. Then you can say, okay let us establish a protein-region interaction. Then you can go to other technique that I'm going to explain the molecular dynamics. Which now is based on a structure. So in molecular dynamics the system involves this time with the useful impression of motion that you have the force is equal to the product of mass in this type of relation. And then the force is is equal to the negative potential. And then we're going to have now the potential when you get at the first field this color now you are assisting the body angle, the stationary angle and all those how they are going to interact. And now the we're going to do the breakage of the bone. So molecular dynamics So how do we copy those other techniques we can now combine the quantum mechanics because molecular dynamics is based on molecular mechanics. So now we can come up with quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics to understand the point of interest. For example in the end of catalysis this is the most powerful tool to understand the way of that descent of production. So right assisting for example is treated in molecular mechanics and just the point of interest is treated with quantum mechanics. So in the system now as a implicit so there is a constraint of time-scale the apparatus at the lens. So as the system actually the apparatus also to some extent to play. So getting information for example for protein folding system like this one requires the right time-step because the integration times that we use in molecular mechanics to one step the order of intersection and then the folding of this guy will take in the order of microsecond. So you need millions of integration time-step to go and get this information. So this is why molecular dynamics to some extent is very expensive. Yes. Any of us would be there. Ah ok. I think the apparatus can be usually different thing. Ah ok. So this is a free energy around the step. The confirmation of this the folding step so what is the probable step of this protein. So you see this is a a global minimum of the system so before reaching to this step it goes through differences. So here it is like this, here it is this and it goes here crossing many other barriers before it reaches here. Yep. Thanks. Ok. In my group we are using molecular dynamics and how we do we do a very mysterious molecular dynamics process and we start with a structure for protein from our experimentaries especially biochemists are very good so they go to an organism and they move the protein they put it in the data bin and they help us to do this. We give you an example. So we take the protein we do molecular dynamics to get a sense of because the molecular process is different the way I take it here the way I take the protein I bought is I guess dancing. So we do molecular dynamics for the protein to people dancing so we do clustering to have different structures of the protein and then we can do some database of natural products to any individual of this and then we get the algorithm. And this is about molecular dynamics another thing we call the form of before in form of before you have a database like this one here with known for retroactivity so you pray now you see still that this to have activity you need to have this future. If you don't have this future you don't qualify and then you screen your database based on this form of future so maybe you have this group you need to have this group and then you can screen and then you can measure how we compute the form of kinetics the form of kinetics is how the how the body dies to the drug so once you can check and see how this will give the toxicity or not and then we can compute the distribution so the best performing molecular we do molecular dynamics and we can score those molecular dynamics result with the endpoint free energy like MMPBCA and union structure or by thermodynamic integration and also we can do the enhanced sampling approach for example by metadynamics simulation and then to get the binding and unbinding the kinetics of the system now because now I'm working with experimental group so with an experimental group what do we do they will extract the natural product they test with the animal they go to the test tube and then they give out the compound and then we do this simulation and then we compare the result so this is what we are doing now so one example the two molecules I showed before this one they have showed a good cycle of activity now the problem is we want to solve a maladyan object a maladyan is a big problem so a colleague in Italy isolated this protein from this mosquito and say now we have the protein what is your natural product let's see the one thousand this much product and what is the experiment so we give the document experiment so the difference between this one and this one actually does the structure here so the binding and again the document show this is less this is even more stronger and the difference is brought here so some of this experiment are not yet completed so we said we have a little amount of this so we are synthesizing again and then we give the experimentaries to do and another group now testing the behavior of the mosquito how is it behaving so sometimes back we used this process in process of discovering the HF49 HF49 is a molecular type alone responsible for maintaining collecting all the protein that are responsible for cancer so the idea if we are able to stop this we can create a range of protein cancer at once so we said okay let us clean many many many drugs from natural product database and let us test and see if this can be a good distribution so we were lucky so we cleaned this one and we found this one is called pitavastatin is more showing more affinity to the protein than the other molecule luckily after we have an other experiment where he said oh pitavastatin is still showing here a good inhibition with a very small effective concentration at the field so we said okay so our method is to be like with the experimental people what they found so natural product so talk here and use to example of two natural products and his brother as well as Astro so the problem with and and that is and the aggregation protein and the role of the natural product is to prevent this misfolding of the meloid fibers and also the aggregation so by so doing we we are using now this natural product so how do we use it we take this natural product so it is in use to an animal it induces stress reactive oxygen species which again this double the mitochondria and then that is some so we can induce now the disease to the rat so fear and then we extract the natural product after we extract we induce it again to the rat and then we check the behavior so the experimentalist so once we induce this guy then we check the pathological in the brain what is happening so this is before you say it's clean and then after inducing this not an end we induce effect to the protein to the signal then the brain like this and then when we induce now our natural product so this is for example from green tea so take a lot of green tea is very useful because we have this guy here so yes then we check a different concentration then when we induce it we can see now this effect so now this experiment so as near to the end but we have so many of these kinds of where we are working on it and it's giving the good insight now something happened because of the COVID and we have to work with the community and to tell what is happening so the structure of COVID is offering us three treatment options we target to the immunity of the body and we have many prominent natural product is it to make everyday we not to make it, we use it or we prevent the virus from entering the human cell or we act to the virus itself yes yes the yellow one yes that's one yes at the latest slide it's special for Kukumi I will explain in detail so when this happened so we say now we a friend at the rest of the time decided natural product and he tested them against many other virus before including the ambient fruit and so we say that has created now a database of natural products all of them but without viral properties the gander of the class so we created the database and because biochemistry by then had isolated the proteins from the virus and then we screened it against the viral proteins that were available by then and then we ended up getting four promising natural products so we say these are not appropriate drugs it's very expensive going back to the forest and we need immediate response so a computational approach to one of the things we use is a similarity stage and then it's opposing so you choose for a similar model so you go to the approved drug you look for a very similar model and then you test it for the project so once we looked for the similarity we got many drugs from Dr. Benkin and then we did the screening and we got these three molecules we did again the molecular dynamics in all those computations then we ended up with these three approved drugs so we said and of course in both the so we said now what are the sources of this they are all natural products so if we wanted to give immediate solutions to the community what are the sources of this where and we found so then we say ok let's go to the sources that's wonderful ah ok so we use it to mean to mean also coefficient so like how using this the molecular so we set the criteria so there is a formula cause I'm not writing here that we use that we say ok 64 more products are similar there's a 90% to this one with these criteria so one of the criteria we use is coming out of criteria yes yes based on the chemical on this and then it will screen everything similar to this one this one is the index in the experimental structure just based on the chemical problem depends on it you see a mental structure yes yes so you are going to quantify the distance between the structure yes yes you look at small distance yes ok how do you find TANIMONTO yes TANIMONTO index ok ok so we said natural source of this so we found one of the very good natural sources is the Cyprus but unfortunately we discovered it as a waste so it is found at the pier and not to the world this is the white guy that is a good source of husbandry so back home now we said what should we do then we found this paper from Italian people so they found now the computational studies so I guess that is the third thing a favonoid abandoned in Cyprus because there are many other people they found it and then they extracted now this one and producing many many many many grand dosage per day the good thing now this guy has chance is in the clinical trial for COVID treatment for us we say ok take the formulation the combination of this bring it together you will find the molecular within there you will save the pappas and there is going to have two pappas so if you contracted the vital acid some molecule stop replication other will prevent from getting inside from entering but there is one disadvantage that we need to take a quick question our body is very sensitive it is a very good chemistry teacher if the sense is even very small changing the molecule take example of this one this and this thing by just looking you say they are same the molecule is the same but the chemistry is not the same this is pointing that way this is pointing that way of course they are like mirror image they are mirror image but they are not somebody possible so you cannot take this and they post it the body is a good chemistry teacher chemistry teacher and they test this smeris in the remone this smeris in the orange so they are two different things this one if we just say this you will get something similar this is 100% but actually this is a thing this is very not in danger and you can look at the effect of this one because it was presented to pregnant mother and that resulted to give better of chance with many bodies effect because when it was the minister was converted to this and people were not able to what is happening you take this it is like this and the body goes like this and then this looking this way is a problem and the body does not take problems so last one about the protein you don't know the starting point you go blind so how do you go blind I take one example of cassava cassava test beta sometimes cassava beta test 3 what it causes is this guy cyanide so in cassava there is this molecule called the renamarin and there is the enzymes called the renamalase that do the hydrolysis to remove the cyanide that test beta so we wanted to see the interaction between the renamarin and the renamalase so but we don't have the starting point so we started doing homology modeling so this is the powerful concentration on our product design you don't have any use so we did the model from a light template and then we obtained our protein for the cassava then we did the stability of the molecular dynamics and then we established the interaction by the pre-energy method so we are still working on this with the other interaction piece but the drug design is not to honor docking protein ligand time there are many interesting things for example drug dissolution aggregation polymorphism crystal structure these are very interesting things I will share with you how to assemble the aggregation process of a drug and then I will finish with non-technology so let's take an example I have three natural products so choose one to experience we have capsicin from pepper pepper that gives a strong sensation is this guy here when you have pepper and the bunny's attention is this guy which gives the bunny's sensation but it's very good in rheumatism matrix the challenge is to absorb in water so we try not to understand at least to get some insight at the optimistic level what is the confirmation of the different software how does it behave so now we are starting the group where we started in Tanzania so at least we started working on this with the student and it's good thing that we calibrated also the reservation free energy and ok let me talk about this guy you ask that was cool for me same problem with capsicin but now this guy has many many many applications that have capsicin now our interest is it can exist in this confirmation it can go also in this but this is in a higher percentage than this now because it is for a short period of time I mentioned that it is in a crystalline form and also in a amorphous form so we are looking now what is the behavior of water near a crystalline and how this crystalline changes the properties of water at this interface and then what is more stable than the other so here this is more stable and this is meridian and probably later with the etiquette I will look at maybe at the mini passage of water so the most interesting thing so you wanted to ask something about cocoon now you can ask here or we go on I was asking more about experiment how can you connect this to any experiment level experiment level experiment so there are many ways we can connect first for the bioassay and second just investigating the cocoon itself looking for example on the confirmation of stability aggregation processes we can people think experimenters can do I don't know how they do but I think they can do and try to establish which is more stable than the other so if you know experimenters have done experiment so I know experimenters they have done understanding the crystal structure of this and the changes whether it's crystalline or it's amorphous so this is what I know we started working on the crystal structure from the experiment of people yes, yes now last but one drug assemblies let's take this in a cross-amide experiment way this chemistry is very interesting so look at this changing at this this hydro angle these are two different so when it is changing when it is like this this is a bit of foam and then once it flip up here it gives the alpha foam and experimenters have given two answers other experimental groups say this is the most stable and this is the least stable other experimental groups say we don't see the difference and the other say most of this is to be stable so we want to say okay what is the real reality of what is happening so we we did the molecular dynamics simulation in water because it's for a server so we want to understand the behavior of this in water so we have okay let me go here so we have different system so we have 4 or 6 and the 150 a monomode of necrosis in water so we say this through how they aggregate it by the for a server so interesting of the aggregate forming a chair sitting in the office and forming something like this but what is right that stability is the anti-parallel interaction spread by high cation interaction and then we say what should be done so we measure the solubility for each interaction system and the interaction energy for aggregation and for the solubility to the solubility so we call this the vice versa when the solubility energy is too smaller than the aggravation energy it's very very strong like for this one the interaction energy it's very stable and then the solubility was very very low and it goes into that way so we said okay this poor solubility is because of this interaction this is the dominant in the what should we do to improve the solubility and the co-crystallization chemists normally they interested in functionalization but that has the risk of reducing the increases of 50 oxygen energy open the question for for anyone interested is this natural product we don't know how it works but it has the antimatter around the world because of its property wow let me finish so with the with the group in the university this month we have established a plan to look into the solubility and the free energy and the progression mechanism of different solvent hopefully come up with something and the last thing I talk about addressing the solubility problem of natural product by nanotechnology and my battery will die now soon I use this example here that more likely when we need to give strong biological activity need to cross the membrane and then to have to be absorbed and this some more likely like lethician they like the membrane and they can act as good radicalia so we investigated the ability so this is the lethician and this is necrosomite that I'm talking about and it goes on the free pin like at the end of the way so we say to capture now more detailed information let's start with a very small system and let's see how it self-assembles and how does it load the molecule and how does it load it and deliver so before it started loading this model self-assemble this one into a bivariate and then it started crafting the system like here now it has assembled like the head detail and the hydrophobic data here this necrosomite the hydrophobic layer of it then is looking interacting with the hydrophobic cycle of it and the hydrophobic is in dynamic detail and then it said ok this is then it do a meister for a very long very long time so this will be a question how do we communicate the science to the community and finally I acknowledge a lot of people working together supporting together by group and many many people in ICTP and of course for me to do this science there thanks to Ari and to everyone to and many many people that have been working with them grazie mille santa sana this is the end of my talk very good so how is your relationship with the industry so I'm curious about what I think it was amazing yes so the relationship with the pharmaceutical industry yes so if any yes well back home to Tanzania you know we have one problem the academician the very big gap between the academician and the pharmaceutical industry so we are trying to bridge so that we can work with them directly so we have a relationship but not good so we struggle to make close the relationship so are they interested I think that they might because they have this very structure or maybe natural stuff or not they might be interested in not coming in contact with them many the problem was more the contact than the fact that yes trying to make efforts to contact them but we have not succeeded maybe what we do just with our lab we cooperate on these things yeah thanks a lot of course that is the thing maybe we are asking here how should we go on the science to the 90s scientific community there is a question there was a raise on ah so I maybe I should not share yes what is happening I think the picture is here I don't know sorry I don't know what is happening I don't know sorry what is happening maybe I should not okay now it should work yes there is a question in the I don't see any questions yes there was a raise on ah okay so let's see any questions from online questions there was a raise on ah any questions Daniel yeah thank you for the talk actually ah it's quite interesting you could present so many results from different angles you know to put all this together within a short time you present your talk present to your talk is quite impressive now you are in one side showing structure based drug design methods including molecular dynamics and all of that docking and all of that then on the other side you are showing legal based approaches like like tannin motor similarity like pharmacophobic methods and so on and you are trying to fuse all of that together and I think that there's one thing we should not forget that similarity methods themselves are not sufficient because two similar molecules with very high tannin motor similarity may have complete two different modes of action so activity and mode of action so two molecules may have the same activity but different modes of action so I would have been really impressed if you could take one case scenario and show clearly how you use molecular dynamics use molecular docking for macrophore and similarity search methods and how your results are converging together because when there are many there are many many examples at the end of the day I was a bit confused so more or less if there was you could take one case like one case study one or two case studies show how these approaches come together and how actually it will make a lot of sense because there are a lot of results you have in there and we have seen all the various methods how you use them but you use them in different case scenarios so at the end of the day I was a bit caught up by this yeah thanks a lot thanks a very wonderful comment and of course I tried to highlight when I was talking about Taridomite and the Remonene it's not always the case thanks a lot Fideli yes it's a wonderful comment thanks a lot for all the questions I think we have to close because the battery of Daniel is ending she's bringing him here she's bringing the battery then there's the time for another question yes please I did search you said that there's different criteria do you have to tailor the criteria for the specific problem that you're working on or is there like some sort of criteria that they find works the best for all small problems and all so yes you need to tell the criteria that for example this is my model okay it's shown some problems but I want to find a more effective so I want to say chemistry is a similar model working with a similar mechanism although sometimes the proportionality should be there so I said now that this model and this future search for model with similar features to this one this is similar maybe to 90% then I will get more and then I need to start our demo so how much do you have to change the criteria though is it always the same criteria so we have different methods each method of different criteria I think the approach is really interesting because in Guatemala we also have lots of different plants that have medical properties that are known by local so I really thank you and like on one part you mentioned that one of the processes is identifying the parts of the molecules through the extraction and that do you actually have nuclear magnetic resonance in Tanzania or do you have the test done in other places in Tanzania we don't have the nuclear magnetic resonance but we work with a group in Sweden at Uppsala University it's where we normally send our samples for characterization so normally we go to Uppsala University or in Switzerland also we have one that is proof of NMR but I'm not sure how we collaborate in Uppsala in Sweden so in your model you use maybe similarity with other pharmaceutical that you know that they are active at least this is for them but are you considering the wisdom of the community for example do you use some plan for treating a headache or something maybe including this knowledge into your model in order to maybe study the compounds that are in these plans to actually that is a very foundational product we start from Black so normally we go to the community so they will say ok we use this plant to treat this disease so we will take if they say this is a leaf so we take the part of the leaves now we go to the lab we do all this process until we get the individual more and then we go and test the individual more so the whole database is based on the things that you know from the community so the good example in not 30 years about the first enlightenment of the prosthetic gland is the problem now in Tanzania and everywhere so my parents had the same problem we remember sometimes that but now they say ok we go to the we take this seed of this fruit we grind it and then we drink then we eat it so we are interested ok let's take it and let's take it to the lab so we are still doing that experiment what is exactly the ingredient that works there some of them of course they work synergistically so we try also to combine a fractionation different fractionation in two or in one then we look at the outcome yes thanks but ultimately you get one molecule but this plant has many molecules so how do you reach to this one aha how do you reach to this one so actually yes so when we take this one for example the leaves ok so we do what we call a collaboration either you grind but you do shed drying you soak into the sorbet so the rule of sorbet too so we have different sorbet polarity non-polar and polar sorbet and then you we evaporate the sorbet we remain with the fruit extract so we can just use the fruit extract to test what is happening because it's the fruit extract actually what is they use in the local community and then we want to separate an individual bit so we take the same composition so we go to different sorbet and so we fractionate with the polarity so the other molecule will come fast the molecule will come very slowly so we take this coming fast and we use let's say you give it to check what is the possible and then we can go now from here to purify and then we use this gigantic spectroscopic tourist that they will give signals but for essential all it is to go up to here so we extract the oil and then you go to this gas chromatograph because they are easy to evaporate and they have a lot of database of this molecule so once it ionizes it gives the signal and it captures the names and it gives this is the name of this molecule this is the name of the correspondence so you have directly the names there but in the end you isolate more than one molecule but you want to see one of them or one so at the end if there are 10 molecules here for example this is an example here for example this molecule they are more than 2 here but of course they are same this is just changing the conformation here it was a very problem in the installation so we are selecting all of them but at different stages you take one but the other thing you say but now I completely there is no anything coming out thanks a lot you say again bye bye thanks a lot so bye thanks for the colleagues online and this is the end of the talk goodbye