Every April and October Ubuntu graces us with a brand new release and this year is no different. So today we're going to be taking a look at Ubuntu 21.0 for her sweet hippo. I don't know if I pronounced that right. Probably not. I'm not going to try again.  Let's just move past it. Today, we're going to take a look at a few of the brand new features in it. And then I'm going to talk a little bit about what it's actually like to use on hardware. Now I've used it on my laptop for about two months in its beta form. So I have a few thoughts on it. So let's go ahead and jump in. So this is a Ubuntu 21.04 in the live environment. Now the reason why it's in the live environment is because I could not get it to install in the virtual machine. I'm assuming this is because VirtualBox hasn't been updated for 21.04 yet, but that's just an assumption in my part. I have noticed that on the live environment, it's a little buggy. I've had a couple crashes. And again, I'm assuming this has to do with the nature of a virtual machine. I didn't have that many bugs on my laptop. So I must, like I said, I'm assuming it's the VM that's having a problem, not the release of Ubuntu. Now, the first thing you'll notice, or maybe not notice, is that Ubuntu 21.04 uses Weyland by default. And basically, that four people who are eligible to use it basically meaning people who use AMD GPUs. And I believe Intel GPUs as well, but you'll log into Ubuntu just like you normally do and you probably won't notice the fact that you're using a different display server. And that's the way it should be. Now, how this will work with gaming, I'm not sure I haven't been able to test that part out. But supposedly, Weyland is much better with gaming than it used to be. So I guess that's just something we'll have to see as this kind of plays out. Ubuntu has tried to go to Weyland before back in 2017, I believe, and it did not work out. So we'll see if this actually sticks around for the next release and the LTS after. So that will tell us whether or not Weyland is ready for prime time. Chances are if you are using Weyland, you won't notice any difference. If you do have a problem with Weyland, you can go into the Xorg session and that's just really easy. You just change your session in the login screen and you just use Xorg just like normal. Now the one thing you'll notice that is not here is GNOME 40. And you can see that by the fact that the workspaces are still on the top, the side here instead of at the bottom and there's no fancy multitasking view. And that was decided because GNOME 40 has this fairly radical change in user experience and Ubuntu is just not ready to implement any of that stuff yet. So we'll have to see in the next release how much of that stuff comes to Ubuntu. For now, what you're seeing is GNOME 3.38. And most of the applications you'll see have also been updated to GNOME 3.38. There's a few GNOME 40 apps thrown in the system monitor, whether I believe in the to do app or all GNOME 40 apps. And so but the rest of them are all GNOME 3.38, the Nautilus and stuff are all GNOME 3.38. Another thing you'll notice is by default Ubuntu is using a dark GNOME shell theme. So this here used to be white. I don't really remember that being the case, but apparently it was. Now, as you can see, they're not using a full on dark theme that's still available. You can change it in the settings. But otherwise, everything else is going to be this odd two toned color. So that's a design choice. I probably wouldn't have made myself because I prefer the dark theme. But that's just, you know, something that they've chosen to do now. Along the side here in Nautilus, supposedly there are some redesigned icons here as well. And there are other icons in Ubuntu 21 out of four that have also been updated. A few of the Yaru themed icons have been tweaked just a little bit. And then there are a few application icons as well that have been changed. I believe the characters is one of them. I think weather is another and I can't remember what the third one is. Another thing you'll notice or again, maybe not notice is that by default, at least when you're running on hardware, the icons for your folders and stuff will show up on the left hand side. And any connected like disk drives will appear on the right hand side. Now, I don't have any disk drives actually attached to this VM. So there's nothing over there now. But like I said, that is something that now happens by default. And they've also been able to drag and drop to the desktop. So you can actually drag folders from Nautilus to the desktop and they'll go there. And you can drag things into, you know, into that folder as well if you wanted to. That's a feature that they're actually re-applementing with an extension because GNOME itself has actually taken icons on the desktop out of GNOME completely. So this is an extension that Ubuntu has been working on now for a couple of years and the drag and drop functionality is finally there. And this is something that people have been asking about for quite a while. Now, if you're on a laptop, Ubuntu 21.4 does have a few new power mode settings that will allow you to go through and manage your battery life slash performance of your computer. Now, one thing I have noticed on my computer or on my laptop is that when you change the power mode, it doesn't persist between reboots. So you'll have to change that every time you reboot. I'm hoping that's something that they change in a future release or maybe they've changed it in the final release because I don't have the final release on my laptop yet. So maybe it's there, but I'm not sure. Now, Ubuntu 21.4 uses the Linux 5.11 kernel, which is almost the most recent. And it's definitely more recent than what you'll find on previous releases. And the only change they've made to the installer of Ubuntu 21.4 is that now if you encrypt your install, you'll be able to create a recovery key, which will help if your system goes, you know, belly up and you have to recover in an image. And finally, Ubuntu 21.4 comes with updated versions of Firefox, Thunderbird and LibreOffice. And like I said, there are a few GNOME 40 apps also included like the system monitor. And we can actually go ahead and look at that if we can find it here. As you can see, this says version 40. And what this looked like before, I'm not exactly sure. So I can't really tell you what changes are here, but this is one of the few GNOME 40 apps that have made it into 21.04. So that's all there is in terms of new features. Now, Wayland, like I said, is by far the biggest change in 21.04. And if you're using it, you're basically beta testing its use in Ubuntu because there's a good chance that if it's really buggy and it can't be fixed between now and say next April, they might go back to X or it's happened before. So I wouldn't be surprised to see it happen again. Personally, I do think that Wayland is much closer to being ready to prime time than it was before, but I'm not sure where it is on gaming. And gaming is a huge deal for a lot of people. So I'm not sure where that's at yet. So that's something that's going to be really interesting to see over the next few months. Because once Ubuntu 21.04 gets in the hands of millions of people and a lot of people are using Wayland, we're going to start to see the sharp edges come out. And hopefully those things will be things that we'll be able to see get fixed. But again, it's just going to be a waiting game to see how it does. In terms of actual use, it's a very good Ubuntu release. The user facing features are nothing to write home about. So that's, you know, it's not... If you're looking forward to upgrading just because it has a whole bunch of shiny new features, you're not going to find that here. At least in terms of graphical changes to the interface, those just don't really exist. There are a few like minor tweaks, like I said, the icons and the change to the dark theme for the shell. But outside of those, really, this is very much a iterative release. And that's not necessarily a bad thing. They've spent a lot of time going through and rooting out a lot of bugs and stuff over the last few months. And they've spent a lot of time trying to get Wayland to come forth and be ready for, you know, prime time. And I think that that was obviously a lot of work. So I'm not surprised that, you know, we don't have a huge brand new feature or whatever to grace this release with. So I'm not an Ubuntu guy. So I'm always been much more of an arched guy. So I tend to be a lot more critical of Ubuntu releases than other people, but this is a good Ubuntu release. I've had a lot of success with running the beta on my laptop. I've had very few bugs. Matter of fact, I've had more bugs on this VM than I've had on my laptop in the last two months. And that's a beta software. So I think it's safe to assume that Ubuntu 21.4 will be just as stable as all the rest of the Ubuntu as they come out. The only thing I'd be a little bit worried about is the stability of Wayland. But again, you have XOR to back up on if you start having Wayland problems. So overall, I'd say if you're one of the Ubuntu users that are always going from interim release to interim release, go ahead and update because there's no reason not to. If you're on the LTS, there's no reason to switch to this. Just wait for the next LTS, because that's probably what you were going to do anyways. There's nothing here that's going to change your mind about leaving the LTS behind because there's no really brand new features here that you just have to try. Now, there's a caveat to that. If you're in enterprise or something or your company uses Ubuntu for desktop computing and you want to give Wayland a try to see how it works on your company's hardware, maybe one computer just to give it a try to see what is coming for you. Because chances are Wayland's here to stick around. But I don't think that that's a use case that is going to affect many people who use the LTS because most people who use the LTS are just going to jump from LTS to LTS to LTS. So that's Ubuntu 21.04. There wasn't a lot here. And like I said, that's not necessarily a bad thing. So thank you for watching. Make sure you follow us on Twitter at the Linuxcast. You can also follow us on Facebook at the Linuxcast and you can support us on Patreon at patreon.com slash Linuxcast. If you do so and you're a level two, three, four, five subscriber patron, you'll get early access to several of our videos each week and you'll also get access to exclusive blog content, exclusive polls, and eventually a Telegram channel. So make sure if you're interested, support us on Patreon at patreon.com slash Linuxcast. I'd like to take a moment to thank our current patrons, Devon, Marcus, Meglin, Donnie, Sven, brand new patron. Merrick, Camp and Mitchell, thanks everybody for your support. Thank you for watching. I'll see you next time.


We have developed a strategy to design and evaluate high entropy alloys, HCA's, for structural use in the transportation and energy industries. Our goal properties include low, medium, and high use temperatures. To achieve our goals, we have created a systematic design approach using pallets of elements to meet target properties of each HCA family. Additionally, we have shown that intermetallic phases are consistent with HCA definitions. Furthermore, we have developed a three-step process to systematically screen and evaluate a vast number of HCA's by integrating high throughput computations and experiments. Finally, we have identified key components that are currently missing, such as materials libraries with microstructure gradients and high throughput tensile testing, which will help us further advance our understanding of HCA's. This article was authored by Daniel B. Miracle, Jonathan D. Miller, Oleg N. Senkov, and others.


Hello, wow. It's, wow, my mind has been blown all weekend. Nantucket is a crazy place. I got to get back into whaling, I guess. Really excited to be here. Yeah, so one of the things that Josh and I have really been excited about is the theme for this weekend. Another world is possible. We love that because Josh and I believe that. I think we can all agree that politics right now is fucked. I certainly don't need to tell you this, but America is ridiculously polarized, more than we have been in literally generations. And you know this because we can't even talk to each other as humans anymore, although we've seen here that it is still possible. To this day, to this very day, misinformed, radicalized American extremists are calling election officials with death threats. And they're calling them with death threats because they want them to resign. That's what's happening in America right now. Why is this happening? Is it because of social media and all the misinformation and polarization and crazy algorithms that are tearing us apart? Well, yes, yes, that's part of it. Is it because we have a past president who will not accept a legitimate election and is trashing norms left and right? Yeah, that too. Is it because a lot of mainstream media is too corporate, too cynical, and too partisan? Yes, but there is something else going on that is way more fundamental, and that is what we want to talk about tonight. That thing is actually the political system itself. Our political system is actually in and of itself making things worse for all of us. Chances are you're feeling a lot like this, right? We're all feeling like that in some way. We're gonna get to the bottom of why. And to do it, we're gonna show you four lines, and those four lines are gonna underscore what's causing the dysfunction on all of these issues we care about. It's gonna underscore how we, together, conservatives and progressives can work together to fix it, and most importantly, we're gonna show you how you can be part of it. We're also gonna have three pictures of Ed Helms that I found on the internet today. Yeah, excuse me. It's gonna be great. Okay. It's gonna be awesome. Well, here we go. The first line, picture your issues sitting on this line. This purple line comes from a Princeton University study of 1,800 public opinion polls over a 20-year period, and the goal was to learn how public opinion correlates with the actual laws that are getting passed in Congress. On the x-axis, we have public support for an idea. On the y-axis, the likelihood of that idea actually becoming a law. And here's what's interesting. When you plot the data that they looked at for the average American, you get that purple line we just showed you. And here's how it works. If there is an issue that has zero public support, zero, there is approximately a 30% chance that Congress will pass a law based on this idea. Incredibly, if there is 100% support for an idea, you math majors know where this is going, there's still a 30% chance that Congress will pass a law based on that idea. Why are you laughing? It's, this is tragic. It gets dark right now, actually. The key finding of the study is the following. The preferences of the average American appear to have only a minuscule, near zero, statistically non-significant impact upon public policy. And Ed was joking that you're laughing. And what I'm gonna say is, if you have any question about how you should be feeling, hearing that, here's my guidance. Okay, well, hopefully in addition to feeling shock and rage, like Andy Bernard, you're hopefully asking, well, how did this happen? Politicians spend up to 70% of their time in office fundraising for the next election. I'm not telling you anything you don't know. It's just how it works. It's perfectly legal, and it's also insanely corrupt. The two-party duopoly that we are locked into, where you, as a voter, you get to vote for a Democrat or a Republican, or you can just throw away your vote. Studies show that half of the people in each party don't really wanna be there. It's just the only choice they have. To make matters even worse, we have gerrymandered congressional districts like this, where politicians are using digital surgical tools to cut voters out of the next election if they voted the wrong way in this one. I, can we freeze for a second on this? This slide is really worth a close look, because what it is, somebody has created a font of every letter of the alphabet with real congressional districts. I don't know if you are on the same page as me, but congressional districts should not look like letters of the alphabet. Look at the letter A. Kinda looks like Nantucket, doesn't it? Right?    That means we know who's gonna win the election before the election even happens. And that means that the election is meaningless. It's just a ritual, a quaint nod to the past. It has no value or meaning in our process.  We're gonna look at our second line. It comes from a very simple chart that actually shows how our primary process combined with gerrymandering is causing the extremism. It's actually causing it. 17% of voters participate in primaries. It's a very small amount. And of those 17% from each party, they tend to be the most extreme or polarized voters from each side that are motivated to show up. And so here's what happens. In a Republican safe district where there's no competition at all in the general, you have the most extreme voters choosing the more extreme candidate who wins the primary basically skips the general and represents us in Congress. And then in a Democrat safe district, you have the same thing happening from the other side, a minority of voters choosing a candidate that almost goes straight to Congress to represent us. We the people have a near zero impact on public policy. A near zero impact. Ed, it's not a good look. It is not a good look. It is not cool that high school yearbooks are online now. I know, you guys can Google it very easily. These are structural problems. These are structural problems. And when you have a structural problem, you need a structural solution. And we have to stop the corruption. There's just not a silver bullet on this issue, but there are three areas that we can focus on most. The first, independent commissions. This fights gerrymandering. Ask Katie Fahey, who is here from Michigan. Yes, give her a round of applause. She led a campaign to fix gerrymandering in Michigan and her new districts, like all districts drawn by independent commissions, are more fair and more representative. We can pass ranked choice voting and nonpartisan primaries to eliminate that spoiler effect that I talked about before. When you pass these, third parties in independence can run and win in elections. We can pass tough anti-corruption ethics campaign finance laws to fight back against the pay to play corruption. This is all winnable and we can combine it with all of the pro voter policies that we know are so important, voting rights, automatic voter registration, vote by mail. So we're actually creating a better system and then bringing more people into that system. And it may shock you to know that it's possible. Of course it's shocking, like waking up with a tattoo on your face. Yeah. I mean, think about it, Congress can't get anything done. Right? Let alone challenge the fundamental power structures of Washington at this point. And that brings us to our third line and I love this line. This line comes from a Bloomberg news report and it shows how throughout American history, passing laws at the state level can build to a tipping point and result in massive federal change so much faster than you think. This map shows states giving women the right to vote over time from left to right on the right hand side of the chart is when this became federal policy or a federal victory. Here it is again for interracial marriage. Watch as states pass laws, they build up and at the very end there's an acceleration followed by federal victory. We're gonna look one more time for marriage equality. States pass the laws, we hit this yellow line and then at the end there's federal victory. That yellow line is a key event, often a court decision or a grassroots campaign reaching maturity that triggers a rush of state activity that ultimately leads to a change in federal law. It has happened again and again and again throughout history. When you have about 3.5% of the population actively participating, it almost ensures serious political change. What we need to do is replicate the success of the movements that have come before us. And that's exactly what represent us is designed to do and it's what represent us is doing since 2012. We've had over 160 victories and these victories are in blue states, red states, purple states, because they're part of the momentum to that tipping point but they're also incredibly cool on their own. Represent us along with myriad partners and most importantly folks in Alaska in 2018 passed a crackdown on lobbyist gifts, ethics reform and transparency. In 2020 that same coalition was able to come back together and pass nonpartisan primaries and ranked choice voting and what's really cool for Alaska is half of the voters in Alaska are independents and with this law passed for the first time in 30 years those independents can actually participate in primaries in the state of Alaska which is amazing for Alaska. This was an election in which two Republicans could run against each other and not steal votes from each other. They did not split the vote. What ended up happening is after all of the ranking was done it just turned out that more than half of Alaskans actually wanted Pultola to be their representative and they elected the first woman and the first native to Alaska's representation in Congress. And what I want you to get from this is that's just one state. This is the map that our movement, not just my organization, but our movement has been able to win in the past decade. But it's not just about the map. It's about American culture as well. This is so important. We need to inspire the country to get involved. We pair breakout creative with Hollywood celebrities. We take real people on the ground and get them inspired. We bring folks together from across the political spectrum because that's what it takes to win. Using this strategy, you guys should watch our videos. They're really fun. Using this strategy, we've had 160 victories. We've had billions of social media views, 160 million video views. This right here is the beginning of a movement that can actually solve the democracy crisis. These are the seeds, but we actually have to superpower and supercharge this movement for it to succeed. That is the work ahead of us. And that brings us to our last line. It's just this little one right down here. Yeah, this little guy comes from this chart which shows U.S. charitable giving in a few categories. Education, human services, health, the environment. You can see it ranges from about $12 billion to $60 billion. That's billion with a B. And then that little tiny line, well, that's charitable giving to democracy. It's $200 million, million with an M. And it's insane because fixing democracy fixes those other things. It unlocks all of the gridlock. A functioning Congress unlocks the $4.6 trillion federal budget to actually go towards these issues. A winning cross-partisan movement to save American democracy is underway, and you can be a part of that because it works. We're up here because we care about the next generation, because we care about so many of these other issues, and because we really believe that an other world is not just possible. But if you cross this line and join us, I believe that another world is actually inevitable. So please be part of it.


Hello, everybody. Welcome to this presentation about extending Sys&D security features with EVPF. I'm Mauricio Vazquez and I work for Microsoft. Before I start talking about the work that we did to introduce some new security features based on EVPF for Sys&D, I want to talk about the security features that were already supported by Sys&D before we did some of our work. Before we implemented the security features, Sys&D already supported some features based on EVPF. The first feature supported was the IP firewall. In this case, this feature allows us to count the IP packets based on the IP and also to deny or to allow those packets based on the IP address of those packets. In this case, those programs were implemented by writing the EVPF code directly in assembly. There was some kind of custom compiler that translated the configuration provided by the user to the EVPF assembly code. Another feature related to EVPF in Sys&D was the custom, the support for custom programs also for the IP firewall. In this case, the user can implement its EVPF program, so the user can compile the program and the user also is in charge of loading and pinning the programs and then the only thing that is passed to Sys&D in this case is the path of those pin programs in the BPF file system. So, months ago, Sys&D got support for the EVPF. So, there was a new property implemented there that is called AllowBindPort. This is the first property that was implemented by using the EVPF support in Sys&D. By using this property, the users are able to restrict the set of ports that an application can bind to. This was done by Julia from Facebook and this is already released. This is available on the latest Sys&D release that is version 249. The nice thing about the work that Julia did is that this work also introduced support for the BPF in Sys&D. So, it was not only about implementing this AllowBindPort, but a whole framework for implementing new functionalities based on EVPF that used the BPF were merged on Sys&D. So, why is this support relevant? Okay, the first thing important for us is that by having the support, this is much easier to develop to implement new EVPF based features. This is mainly because by using the BPF, we don't have to worry about writing the code in assembling. So, we can write the coding so to see. We can use CLAN to compile to EVPF assembly code. So, yeah, this is much easier. This is just the same as in other programming languages that we are usually writing the coding in high-level languages and using a compiler to generate assembly code. This is in the specific case of EVPF. There is not that many people that is able to write EVPF assembly code. And, yeah, this is slower to develop functionalities in assembly. And this is also very difficult to maintain. So, yeah, in summary developing the programs using C is much easier and faster for us. The other important factor about EVPF is that we have the full EVPF API available. So, by using this library, we are able to handle the different BPF objects in the kernel. So, for instance, we are able to create them and we are able to update, delete, get the elements in a map. We are able to load the programs in the kernel to attach those programs to the different hook points and so on. So, there are so many functions in the EVPF API that we have now available on systemd. The next part can be a little bit obvious, but I want to make it clear why we choose to use libpf. So, libpf is the official kernel library for EVPF. Actually, this library is directly developed in the kernel source tree. So, this is important for us because each time there is a new kernel feature related to EVPF, this part is implemented in libpf. So, we can say that libpf is always updated to support the latest kernel, the latest EVPF features in the Linux kernel. Some of those features that are interesting for us regarding the implementation that we did for systemd are compiled ones around everywhere. So, this is a technology that allows us to compile the EVPF program while we compile the whole systemd binary. And then we just deployed that program in the different target machines without having to recompile that. I will explain a little bit more about that in a second. The second feature that was interesting for us is BPF skeleton. So, BPF skeleton is a mechanism that is implemented in BPF tool. By using it we are able to get a C representation. We are able to generate a skeleton from a BPF object file that represents all the elements that are inside that file. So, for instance, when we wrote the BPF program we defined some maps, we defined some programs, and so on. And we can handle all of those by using this skeleton. So, this is a simplification that makes it easier again to implement and to handle the EVPF programs, maps, and so on. Okay, so let's go into the details of the different properties that we implemented. Actually, we did two of them. The first one is restabit network interfaces. It is implicit in the name. This is for restabiting the network interfaces that processes can access. We support both and allow or deny list. For instance, this could be used when we know that there is a service that shouldn't be accessing the internet. So, in that case, we could, whether we could deny the traffic on the internet facing network interface, or we could lock that interface to the loopback sorry, lock that service to the loopback interface. So, we have different options. So, the idea is if we know the interfaces that assist assistant services should be using, then we can limit those interfaces to be sure that this service is not able to use any other network interface on the system. Regarding the implementation of this feature, we did that by attaching two EVPF programs to the C-group, Ingress, Egress hooks of the C-Senty service. What is nice about this per C-group EVPF program is that we can keep separated EVPF programs for each C-Senty service. So, in this case, we have two different EVPF programs for each C-Senty service that is using this feature. And from the implementation point of view, we don't have to worry about handling the logic of where is this application running, I mean what is the C-group where this application is running because each time the programs are executed, this is implicit, the C-group where the application is running is already implicit on the program. In order to determine if a network interface is allowed or not, we have a hash map where we save the different network interface indexes. The interface is not allowed, we just drop the packet. The size of this program is rather small. We have something like 50 lines of code. This is a C code. I want to mention here that the PR that is implemented, this is a little bit big, but actually the piece that is doing the real work on EVPF is very small. The logic that we have around is to load the programs to populate the maps and so on. Actually the logic that is inside the EVPF program is very, very small. For this feature, we require the kernel version 5.7. This is because we decided to use EVPF links for handling the system, the human reload and the human re-exec. So this is because we got a file descriptor for the link. We don't have to worry about unloading the program, detaching the program and so on. We can just pass the descriptor for the link from one SysMD instance to the another one. The support is already merged. So it was merged some months ago and this will be available in the next SysMD release. This is version 250. Okay, this is time to do a quick demonstration about how we can use that. In my system, I have two different network interfaces. I have the good but one and I have another that I use to reach the internet. In order to create a temporary SysMD unit, I'm going to use SysMD run and I'm going to pass the rest of the network property to show you how it works. Let's start by creating a service that is only able to access the interface that is used to reach the internet. In this case, the PINC is working. This PINC is going to the public internet and this is the interface that we used to reach the internet. Everything is working fine as it should be. If I try to PINC the local host with the same rule, this is not going to work because in this case the host packets are going to the loopback interface but the reservation allows only to use the mp0 s3 interface. If I change this to the loopback interface, this will start working again. Another thing that I can do is to restrict to use a deny list. By using these syntax and saying that the service is able to use any network interface on the host but the mp0 s3 one. In this case, this PINC should work because it's using an interface different than the mp0 s3 one. This is useful for instance to restrict the services from reaching the internet in this case. What else I can do? I can define a list of interfaces that are supported. If I try to PINC the loopback this is going to work and in this case also try to PINC the internet this is also going to work because both interfaces are allowed there. Finally, I can also use a deny approach with a list. In this case, it says that none of those interfaces there is allowed. This is not working and the same happens for this one that is also not working. Let's go to the second property that we implemented. This is again regarding security. This time this is for restricting the types of the file system that processes are able to access. We also support the allow or deny list in this case. This feature provides an additional security layer because we are able to restrict the processes for accessing some of the dangerous files. So in a use case example of that is that if we have a service that should be accessing files on a given partition then we can restrict the types of file systems that this service is able to access to the type of the file system type of that given partition. Also, if there are other services that we know that they don't require these dangerous files system then we could restrict those from being used by those services. Some examples of dangerous file systems are CFFs, 3FFs and so on. Regarding the implementation, this is using the linear security modules together with eBPF. So those are the traditional LSN hooks but this time is implemented with eBPF. What I mean is that we are able to use eBPF to make a decision of what to do once the hook is involved. So we can do a look up in a map or we can implement whatever logic we want to make the decision. In this specific case we are using the file open hook so each time the process tries to open a file we run our eBPF program and based on some logic we are able to decide if the process is able to access the file or not. In this case the LSN eBPF programs are not C-group aware so what it means for us is that we have to keep a single global program in the host. Because of that we have to keep a global eBPF map of maps where we start the different magic numbers of the file systems and this is indexed by C-group ID so in this specific case the outer map is accessed by the C-group ID so we have this helper to get what is the C-group ID where the application is running and the inner map we have a list of all of our deny file system magic numbers and I will show you in a second how we are able to access those magic numbers. So the magic the program receives this strut file this is an internal kernel structure so for this reason we have to use eBPF car to read the magic numbers so we have the file and we have the different members where we can find what is the magic number of the file system that is being accessed the important part here is that the layout of this structure could change in different kernel versions so that's the reason why we are using code even if the layout changes from a kernel version to another one eBPF will be able to calculate the specific before loading the program into the kernel again this program is rather small this is just 66 lines of code and the kernel requirements are very similar to our previous property this is 5.7 but this time we also need to have this compilation flag whether we have to to have eBPF in this compilation flag or otherwise we have to boot the kernel with this parameter we have to include eBPF in the list of lino security models that are used regarding the status of this PR we already have one approval we are waiting for all the reviewers but there has been a lot of interaction there a lot of comments, a lot of reworking done by Yago and I think this is going to be merged for the next release so because yeah this is almost ready to be merged for the next one ok this is time for another demonstration about this feature I have enabled the eBPF security module on the kernel boot parameters so this is important to be sure that this parameter is set to be able to try this feature I'm going to create some I'm going to create a file on the temporal folder just to test let me check that we are able to access that file from the host so yeah this is working fine and again I'm going to use ccnd run to create a temporary service but in this case this is going to be with the rest of the file systems property so for instance let's say that we are going to restrict only two ads far and then I'm going to cut the contents of that file so as you can see here we got an operation error message while trying to access that file if we look at the output of the mount command we can see that the tmp folder is the type tmp fs so this is the reason why this is not working so we can add tmp fs here and you can see that everything worked fine we were able to access the contents of the file for instance if I try to get the command line of the executor again in this case there is a problem because the proc is a different file system so in this case to be able to do that I should add proc there so in this case this is working I call for example say that this is able to use whatever file system it wants but not to use this is proc so if I try to read the file on the tmp fs file system this is going to work but if I try to read something on the proc fs this is not going to work so yeah by using this feature we are able to restore the file system that process can access if you want to know more details about the work that we did there are some links on the presentation so the first one is about the post where we include all the details of the implementation we have also some pointers to the code and here we have different pointers to the different topics that I cover in this presentation I think this is all thank you very much for your time and yeah I'm happy to take any questions that you can have thank you bye


Great one visual asset news to get top stories and crypto bring out a bite-sized pieces today We're gonna get away a little bit from the news news because we're being we've been bombarded with news Because of this Bitcoin conference in Miami So what I do is I want to step away and just take a look at the look of some some on-chain data Just to see exactly what's going on in the background So we'll take a look at a couple things first one take a look take a look at the short-term concerns that I have and There's a metric that hasn't happened for over a year, which is kind of concerning to me Also, we'll take a look at of course the positives to see where we're going And lastly I want to talk to you about an interview between Roy Neeterhofer and Kevin O'Leary on KITCO news and it was it was pretty good And it really brings home a lot of those concerns that we have in the macro sense to kind of alleviate some some fears And lastly, we'll just do five questions five quick questions in five minutes at the very ends Hold all your questions till the end. We'll get to those very quickly First let's take a look at the market and actually first first. Let's address something the elephant in the room Yesterday's video. I went over and talked about Tesla and how they're partnering up with block to do Bitcoin mining Of course, Tesla's gonna do the photovoltaic panels For solar panels. So it's a hundred percent renewable energy anyhow It's a decent video that we did yesterday But I got a lot of this because now that I'm from we went from Puerto Rico back to our house here in Texas people like bro That green screen is awful. That is why do you use a green screen? You don't need a green screen. Just use something else I'm like, this is not this is this is it's not a green screen. This is actually my house So I so if you're gonna talk about it in the comments, it's not the green screen It's just this is my place that I usually work and also stream for so over that clear something It was just an annoying thing that I kept getting again and again and again Anyhow, let's take a look what's going on the market. Shall we so today? Saturday morning here a beautiful day in Texas little chilly Not the beautiful weather that we get in Puerto Rico Puerto Rico is great every day It's the same temperature every single day. It's why I love that place but here little chilly and of course we're also chilling down in market cap, so we're at Roughly just above 2 trillion. I think we're gonna break that 2 trillion mark I think we're gonna go lower. I think that's gonna happen on Sunday We always see a Sunday dump or maybe even a Monday dump, but it's not looking too great Is that the end all be all and just the awful news if we break 2 trillion? No, not really It's just par for the course. That's what's going on. Bitcoin's down. Ethereum's down.  Yes, that's how it goes in crypto so again Don't get too stressed out these these are just Small concerns one in doubt zoom out, but this is what we have for today So let's take a look at what I call the short-term concerns. So first of all If you haven't heard me talk about this every so often Ben from in the crypto risk got a great website and he goes over a bunch of different stuff And one of the things I'd love to show you is called this tab called risk and he breaks it down into how long Bitcoin the entire crypto market stays in these risk areas between, you know as 0.0 to 1 and It's it's interesting and I can't really show it I can just tell you that right now the risk level is a little bit lower until I can tell you Because we're in this kind of range and if we take a look here at the actual this is his logarithmic Market cap and trendline Well, it's great about the what the site is that you can just click on watch video and he explains exactly why this is but just so you know Right now kind of a little concern to me is that this is that for the different bands that he has What's what's back up to today 8th April? I think it's 9th of April, but that's as close as I'm gonna get Total market cap is 2.02. We just saw the fair value is 1.56 trillion so that is what it is lower band. It's 473 billion upper band 9.6 We got a lot of ways to go between this in a lower band But it is just one of those things like if we're gonna take a look at the for the fair value and again It follows this formula bends all about that and he explains that this is the fair value right now So we are a little bit above it also what's a little bit concerning That's what I use for the thumbnail is This very first metric from crypto-quant. I like crypto-quant makes it easy for me because I like easy I got a lot of stuff going on. So if we take a look here, this is all miners Bitcoin miner alpha meaning Our miners selling so I want to blow this up real quick And this is miners and their sell-offs. So we saw a little bit of a of a nice trend First of all, this is the the price itself in black For Bitcoin see as it goes down and you can see like as it starts to go down You see a bit more miner selling off right but then see this right here this big green strip This hasn't happened that high Since all the way back here in February Yeah, actually first of March roughly when it was then before that was February, but now was in 2021 So we're looking at a whole year between this sell-off Which if you've been in the space for a while, you know as as these miners if they are starting to sell off It's not a good indicator. However, it has reduced in the days since 1st of April to normal level So maybe it's just one of those off things, but I don't believe in coincidences, but I gotta tell you this again When in doubt zoom out. So we just take a look at the last year So it looks pretty stable except for these two these two points right here Let's back up Let's go to 2017 Actually, what is this? Jeez not even that Look at this. Look at this outflow. I think this was when the Chinese Band hit correct me if I'm wrong summer 2020 and then also there was a big one here January 2021 And again February was pretty darn high. Let's go even further real quick. Let's take it all the way back to the beginning You see how ridiculous this looks now But remember back in 2011, I mean Bitcoin was like what was the price? Two dollars That's hilarious and then over here in 2014 pretty big spike Bitcoin was six hundred twenty seven dollars So again, it is concerning though if we if we just zoom in which always it is There's a lot of sell-off going on for Bitcoin miners also on top of that We take a look at the longs for shorts. This is From coin glass comm and this is on you can take a look at all the different exchanges Binance FTX digit durabit, whatever else and this will fluctuate. This is under the five minutes Let's take a look at 15 minutes and you can see that shorts in some places over an hour Over four hours Tend to make a little bit more of an in of an in road now We take a look at 24 hours. I think it kind of evens out But you can see there's a little bit more on the short side. What does that mean? That means that people don't have a lot of faith in the short-term Functionality or the short-term price action of Bitcoin and I will just say lastly these are total liquidations One is this going back to 9th of January and over the last four months or so Just taking a look at this greenish longs Red are shorts. These are the ones that got liquidated. Just taking a look at this and we've talked about this before Which one do you think has done the most profitable over time? I Don't know if it's profitable per se, but I can tell you the shorts seem to be getting the last laugh on A lot of different occasions and I know when I talk about Leverage positions I'm always critical of it. But in all honesty, I've had a lot of people behind the scenes go Rob I've made a boatload of money shorting Bitcoin on the short term now. I believe in the long term, but short term I made a ton of money. Well, I Can't fault you for that because that is the game that we are in correct And then also going back to crypto quant speaking of that same thing If we take a look at Bitcoin estimated leverage ratio The ratio everything anything above 0.2 is considered extremely high Extremely leveraged positions and you can see like, you know from 21 2020 it was around let me blow this up so you can't see this. Sorry It wasn't that bad. I mean here in 2020. There was a bit 0.1 a and you know 0.09 0.08 not too bad, right? This time has gone on 0.17 and we peaked at 0.2 November 2021 and then it seemed like things just kind of fell apart didn't they around December January And then of course the ratios go down because people got liquidated and now look what's happening again. We peaked out 25th of March 0.24 again anything above 0.2 There's some heavy heavy leveraged positions and if we go right now to roughly today We're at 0.244. That's almost an all-time high for leveraged positions So again, I'm not gonna say that leveraged positions are like the most awful things of all time if you're making money Congratulations, it's just that it just leads to a lot more volatility, especially for what's going on And just be careful out there. She lose a lot so that other things that concern me right now, that's all so That you're right, that's a bummer but Let's take a look at some positives, huh? Because right now in the short term, no We know what's gonna happen the short term tomorrow I mean we can get a big announcement some kind of new partnership on a Sunday I doubt it though and Thanks to turn around but in the short term doesn't not looking too good Chartologists sound off in the comments section, but let's take a look at some positives. So the positives themselves I took a look at this. There's a great website It's called look into Bitcoin and you can break down. There's a lot of different charts a lot of great things Pycycle top and logarithmic regression and a lot of great things But one of the things I like to look at is this wallet sizes and if you can blow this up So right here Wallet sizes greater than one Bitcoin. So if you are striving to make one Bitcoin There's been a lot of people who've actually hit that metric. So if we can take a look here Actually doesn't really matter. Just this is Here's the price of Bitcoin in the Navy blue and here's the wallets that have over one Bitcoin 533,000 in 27 November 2016 if we go over here Did you know that we are at an all-time high of wallet sizes that have one Bitcoin 833,000 as of 8th of April 2022 that's yesterday. I mean it's a month today today. So look as far as like the things that we were supposed to do we're not allowing a lot of Concentration of whales to accumulate a ton of Bitcoin. We're doing our job. We're dollar cost averaging We're picking up Bitcoin here where we can and we're at an all-time high of more than one So but let's take a look to be fair Bitcoin wallet sizes more than 10 Bitcoin and in actuality that has gone down. We peaked in 2019 and we're actually well below that all-time high also take a look at more than a hundred Bitcoin We have flattened out Since 2017 and actually maybe the weak hands are some people that are whales and going down again And again, of course people will tell me would Robby understand, you know You can have multiple wallets and you can just break them up in a 10 10 10 10 Yes, you can but for like the super whales, they're not going to do a ton of that So I would just say I still think that there's a lot of people with one Bitcoin And also Bitcoin wallet sizes greater than a thousand and we had peaked at that point 2021 and then look at this though. I don't know if this was dope one Luna But look at this big spike people talk about us at length before so it is what it is But still we're not an all-time high. Also. I like to take a look at the hash rate So miners were selling off In actuality That could be a good reason for that If you're using a ton of electric power Whether that be however you get that if that's hydroelectric well, you know, not too bad But if it's some kind of fossil fuel Maybe you have to sell off just because the prices are getting so high for electricity But regardless if we take a look at the hash rate over time We are almost at an all-time high meaning that all of those Bitcoin miners that are out there So like, you know what we got some pretty smart people smart pretty smart people are investing We think Bitcoin's gonna do well. We're gonna be out there. We're gonna turn on those rigs We're not gonna turn them off from a turn them on and we're going to produce a ton of Bitcoin and throw our hat in the ring to see if we can actually Burn those make our create Bitcoin From the mining process and you can see here it's gonna come in here Roughly almost an all-time high so again when I take a look at this I'm like that's looking pretty good and then that would lead me to my next point So well actually let me just recap real quick So I know like in the beginning we have some concerns in the short term We take a look at the long term. We're doing what we're supposed to do people are acquiring It's not a big concentration and even though the miners are actually selling off I kind of I guess it makes sense because I mean the supply chain issues and the different issues with Fossils, I mean oil and everything else for electricity use they probably have to sell just to cover those costs. So I get it But I think in the long term I'm gonna be okay Anyhow, let me know what you think about that in the comment section and this next part really will sum it all up and leave you with a little bit of a A little bit more positivity in your outlook. So this was a great Video on Kikko news this right here this gentleman here is Roy Neeterhofer And if you don't know him, I'd love to have this guy in the show. He's like a Bitcoin og He's bought Bitcoin in 2011. He owns capital management for Neeterhofer capital And he's got assets under management of about a billion dollars pretty Pretty smart guy when he's talking and it was it was him the hose from Kikko and Kevin O'Leary Kevin O'Leary just spouts off some some random stuff Nothing again about not the negative about Kevin. He's a smart guy. He's you know Made a ton of money good for him But there's a couple of things that Roy talked about and I'm not gonna play the whole video But the big takeaways Was he said that he has an Ethereum mining plant? I think it was New York I can't remember but he uses a ton of Hydro and he also has to cover the cost for the other parts for electricity and he said that right now To to turn those rigs and actually make things profitably goes It's very tough because the price is going up so high for all electrical use So he says this this ESG issue that's coming about he goes we're gonna go way more to hydroelectric and we're also gonna look into Nuclear and I think he's something else. It wasn't solar, but I was like this makes a lot of sense To why we just saw Tesla team up with block, which was all formerly called square, which is Payment processing type of of business it's also Twitter's I guess they were they were kind of together block Jack Dorsey's company, but it makes a lot of sense of why they went into Solar panels because the cost of electricity and they'll probably go up over time So he talks about that I talked about that and he said he said you know He goes and I linked in the descriptions. You can watch the whole thing It's an hour long But the one of the bigger things he says he goes look there's an ESG issue with electricity and crypto I know I keep harping about it, but I think it's gonna be a big issue going down the road He goes, you know, do you know what the carbon emissions for the whole Bitcoin network is globally? He goes that's one five hundredth of all the carbon output and he said actually he goes gold production is Four times that amount. I know like with electricity terawatts terawatt hashpower or terawatts For electricity, it's almost equal to what gold uses, but it's four times the carbon output So he says he goes there is a big advantage especially with being the most secure Computerized Platform in the entire world. He goes. I think it's gonna actually do very well anyhow So he talks about that, but this next part is I think one of the big concerns that a lot of people have which was regulation and over regulation and what if Certain countries the United States included comes out and says hey We want to ban Bitcoin or we want to shut things down or we want to really really clamp down on these exchanges and Kevin Kind of leery is like no that'll never happen because there's too much money, which was which was my stance too I don't think they can ban it because why would all these politicians and even the president ban it because A it's job creation and B They can tax live in tar of it and guess what politicians like taxes, so I don't see why they would do that But Roy had a great response and I'm gonna I'm gonna let you listen to it It's about 45 seconds to a minute. So just take a listen to what he's got and let me Let me stop that Let me share the actual tab so you can hear it And let me mute myself To the price. No, I think there's always a chance for a ban. I Absolutely think there's a chance that Bitcoin could be bad Look the private ownership of gold was banned in many many countries including the United States So could it happen? Absolutely However Were that to happen? it would be such an environment of chaos and hyperinflation that Bitcoin would be worth even more money at that point if they're gonna ban it It's going to be the time when you absolutely want to load up on Bitcoin because it will only be in such a chaotic situation That the only thing you can transact it is Bitcoin Yeah, pretty great response and that's something I never really thought about I mean we think about the vacuums But that makes a total Total sense of what he said so that goes and concludes today for the show So look, thanks for stopping by I do appreciate it fight days video I give a thumbs up all consider subscribing and lastly I just want to bring to your attention that if you're in America There is tax time is coming up and I know it's a little bit hectic For some people to get everything together, but there's still hope There's still hope what we want and that is crypto trader tax. I used it. I just had a counsel with my My CPAs in Puerto Rico and the one here in taxes And I got to tell you without crypto trader and all the different trades that I did last year It would have been an a nightmare So the time that I set this up Got it already sent over that my my CPAs it took about 30 minutes. You can do this too. It's super simple There is a link in the description. It looks just like this There's a 20% off and also there's a how-to video right above it So definitely check that out. Don't worry about taxes. It's not gonna bite It's gonna be painless just use that program makes it super simple and that's it So look that's it for today Let's get into five questions in five minutes and we'll get out of here. Enjoy the weekend Shelby. All right So here we go What's the first question? Jump in the pool. Let's go. You know what? I'll jump in the pool. I'll jump in the pool when Bitcoin is a hundred thousand We'll go from there right now Dan have you removed loop ring education kind of a yeah, I've used loop ring. It's quite easy to actually It was supposed to be one of those To reduce the amount of fees that you have and it was a pretty great Process when I use it. I bought a little bit. I sold it after a while. It was just one of those things When are you coming over to Puerto Rico about about three months or so? We'll be down there. So yeah Question number one This is a good point Emerging tech threatens old status quo money. They hate it. Yeah, they do But there's always a pain process, but they'll get it so people will get it and I think You know some I was thinking about this today, you know, some people they're really worried about institutions coming in I don't know why because did you realize that all of us? Retail, that's all we were retail. You watch the video.  When the institutions come in which is through regulation so they can actually clarify what crypto is is it? Is it a currency is it a security is it commodity? I think it's commodity myself When they come in they dump all this money you'd be like, haha, and you can buy my bags just something to think about Let's see Do you still need to count if you use a tax website? Yes. Oh, I will show you one thing though, which was I didn't know this Some people do actually I shouldn't say like yes some people do because I have a couple different corporations So like I need to I need a CPA to figure that stuff out. I'm not good at that stuff So and just less time for me, but there was one thing with crypto trigger, right? They're a turbo tax partner. I didn't know that so have fun So if you can you know a turbo tax if you just want to implement it there you go Great question question number three Currently DCing in or waiting on the silence DCing every single day. It's the same buy. It is Bitcoin Ethereum Solana Luna and cosmos cosmos Because a lot of different things are built on it. I mean crypto.com there. They're a crow token That was built on Cosmos so there's a couple different ones So I like it What happened to someone creates a better store of value than Bitcoin isn't even possible it's tough because it's all about trust right like Bitcoins the first and it's been around for so long and people like say, ah, it's an old archaic thing It won't really come if it'll it'll get kicked out just like just like you had a Friendster and then you had Whatever the other the next social media platform was and then Facebook came along and now Facebook's being phased out I don't think that's it's really how how it's gonna work I think if there's a store of value that comes along and you have the maximum trust, but here's the thing To make this type of decentralized network that is has never been hacked And it's super secure. It will be very tough to follow. So that's good Napster, no, I See you've been indoctrinated by James and Solana brainwashing Look man, James makes a lot of sense on Solana and it's not like well, here's the thing How do you know Solana is not gonna make it, you know, like maybe Solana flips Ethereum? I don't know. That's why like I own then and it's that's not a If you should ever get emotional, but that was a pretty funny one I own it so all the L ones I own a theorem and I own avalanche and I own tasos and I own Cardano, and I own Solana and I own polka dot because I have no idea and even like as smart and as Influential and the inroads that Kevin O'Leary, Mr. Wonderful has in that interview even he's like dude I don't know what's gonna be the next big thing He goes so picks and shovels. He goes, I don't know which one's gonna win. I don't really care I'm just gonna own a bunch of them and then just write it out. I'm like that makes sense. Let's do that. So, yeah Yeah, Solana's got weaknesses It's been down for a couple of times That doesn't make me happy. I mean I own that stuff. I own a lot of stuff. I don't want anything to And you know what if your crypto makes it good the good good for us, right good for you If I don't want it well, I mean missed out But I missed out a lot of things. I'll still miss out on more stuff Yeah, and Kelly even talks about healing, right? I know this isn't popper, but I see P's a layer one sure I don't I don't know Every time I see that I always think insane clown policy like oh no internet computer. Okay, and then last one. Oh Well, that's what this is a good comment Warren Buffett will disagree Warren Buffett also will disagree on Amazon He passed on that and actually made fun of Jeff Bezos At a meeting or at a conference Where Jeff Bezos was talking? It was a great story that uh when I had Scarimucci on the show he told me that he almost invested in Amazon When Bezos was talking at this conference and then Warren Buffett stood up and said Well, Jeff here seems like a nice guy, but I can tell you that his business is going to go Bus because it doesn't do this and this and this and I would never invest in that.  You don't have to be great at everything like me. I missed out on a ton of nfts I don't understand nfts that well, right? But I will not miss out on the next play to earn gaming structure I gotta tell you if you're just sticking around I got a secret not a really secret But a little thing to share with you. So on my second channel. Well, it's called Dan clips. We're going to rename it pretty soon Used to be clips. I've got three great play to earn games coming out I can't tell you what they are but I can tell you the graphics are great And one is well, they're mobile first of all One is super simple even your grandmother could play it and it I want you to think about The biggest game on mobile in 2013 I can't tell you what it is, but I can just tell you that that game Has been the intellectual property rights have been bought by this group And they're going to make it into nft and a play to earn game. That's the first one Also, I want you to think about the biggest game in the 90s fighting game And that game And the people that Are behind it are going to bring that to play to earn gaming and then I want you to think about this This next one Can't really say this one, but this next one is Damn it How do I say this? Uh, I can't just keep just watch the watch the the show. It's it's going to be that one is like the third one Think of the biggest sport in the world. That's not right Think of Oh, think of the biggest combat sport in the world We'll say that biggest combat sport and Think of a company got behind that now think about if this company Had a bunch of of influencers and celebrities That were engaged into that platform And this think about how big that could be as it turns into a play to earn game Then also think about if it could actually Turn that Your your tokens that you you buy it for the play to earn game could also purchase you the nfts the swag The events and could also do a lot of things for if you want to do like a pay-per-view Can't tell you what it is. It's not the ufc though. It's another one But we'll get to that so that's it look That's it for today So if you like today's video, give it a thumbs up. I'll turn it up subscribing Let me talk about our time sensitive. That's it for today. So thanks so much. I appreciate it. See you on the next one. Bye


Welcome to Toffy TV, it's the Everton News Daily. Everton are waiting to hear the results of a scan on Nathan Patterson, he went off injured last Tuesday for Scotland as they faced Ukraine in the Nations League. There's been a lot of speculation about the injury and how long could be out for. It seemed over the weekend that the Scottish FA and Nathan Patterson were quietly confident that it wouldn't be a serious injury, wouldn't keep them out for too long. But how long is too long? I mean a serious injury for them might be months and months and months for us, it's missing this week's game. So we're waiting to see, there are reports as we spoke about yesterday that it could be four to six weeks, but Everton are waiting for that scan and the results of that scan to find out how long Nathan Patterson would be out for. Of course if it was worse case scenario and it was around six weeks then he would likely miss most if not all the games before the Whale Cup putting them out till Boxing Day. It could get back for the two Bournemouth games, one in the league cup and one in the Premier League but it would be very very close. So we'll have to wait and see on that one, it could be seven games, it could be eight games unfortunately in this section of the season now heading towards the Whale Cup. So I'm sure we'll find out more news on this one tomorrow. Everton have confirmed Alan's sale to UAE side El Wadae. It was confirmed on Saturday night that he'd been sold from there end but Everton said that he was a few paperwork issues and he has actually officially signed today. So there you go he has officially left Everton. Fabian Delph has confirmed that he has retired from football. He put a post on Instagram actually using a picture of him in an Everton kit from last season he has retired from football. Obviously he was out of contract in the summer probably didn't get too many offers and decided that he fancies or he's enjoying putting his feet up and decided to carry on with that. So he has retired some people would say that he retired three years ago. There is Nations League action tonight. The Ukraine play Scotland and Vitaly Michalenko starts in that one. So fingers crossed he gets through that one and Republic of Ireland play Armenia. Sheamus Coleman does not start the game with him likely starting for Everton on Saturday. I'm not sure if that's good news or bad news. I would have liked him to get some time. He did play 15 minutes against Scotland on Saturday night. So hopefully he gets some kind of game time tonight ahead of the game against Southampton on Saturday. We'll have to wait and see how he gets on and we'll let you know tomorrow. And also on our social media sites. Don't forget to make sure you are following them to see how those players got on tonight. Connor Cody did not take part in England's 3-3 draw with Germany last night at Wembley. Some people may say that if he had played they wouldn't have considered three times because Harry Maguire was playing. Nick Popo also considered a horrendous equaliser which should put the whole Jordan Pickford thing to bed as well. Moving on to the Everton women's team. Jess Park, the star of Everton's win over Liverpool on Sunday has been called up for her face cap for England. Her face caps to face USA and Czech Republic. She obviously scored in the 3-0 win and got a player of the match as well. She is on loan from Man City but she's doing really, really well from an Everton point of view.  Tony Duggan has announced that she is pregnant. So congratulations to her. She missed out on the game on Sunday and obviously likely means she'll miss out now on the remainder of the season. But good luck to her. And in one final piece of news Everton have revealed that the Everton sleep out will take part on the 18th of November, Friday the 18th of November going into Saturday the 19th of November. For more details go to the Everton website. It is raising money for Everton in the community for homeless charities, for Everton's homeless charities as well. So to find out more on that go over to Everton's website if you want to take part. I've taken part, me and Bas have taken part. It's a good laugh if you can get some sleep. We never got any sleep but there you go. We enjoyed the night and having all the snacks and everything so and having a nice little breakfast in the morning as well. So there you go. As I said make sure you're following our socials, Toffy TV, EFC on all platforms if you want to know the latest breaking news. Also if you are following us on Instagram please do. We are trying to get to 50,000. We are very, very close to getting 50,000. So if you are not following us on Instagram please do. Toffy TV, EFC, all the latest news on their videos, reels, all the stuff that goes on there. There you go. Make sure to give this video a like. Subscribe if you haven't already. If you want more videos, exclusive videos, daily series of videos. Join us over on Toffy TV Premier. The link is in the description and it will be on the screen in a moment. See you later.


We're very happy to have today Ambassador Pedro Burriand, who is EU Special Representative to Central Asia, to speak about the European Union and Central Asia, a new partnership in action. I was telling Ambassador Burriand before we began that we very much welcome his presence here as a way of raising consciousness in public opinion here on this, what might seem a rather exotic area, which is a very important area geostrategically and otherwise. He is coming after the Union has adopted a position on the question, on the basis of a joint communication of the Council on the Commission on EU Central Asia, in which I cite one of the statements in the joint communication. It says that the area is an increasingly strategic location at the crossroads of Europe and Asia with a young population, high literacy rates and abundant natural resources, which has significant growth and development potential. I think that in a nutshell describes the potential and the importance of this area. There are lots of other considerations which no doubt Ambassador Burriand will go into in making his presentation. His presentation will be on the record, he will speak for maybe about 20 minutes. Yes, I will try. Questions or comments afterwards will be off the record under Europe House rules. You may cite what is said here but not the person or the place where it is said. Ambassador Burriand. Thank you Ambassador, thank you for your nice words of welcome. For me it's really a pleasure to be in Dublin and discuss Central Asia. Here I wanted to once again thank the Institute for International and European Affairs for convening this discussion and I agree that we cannot have a better timing for this discussion since we just a few days ago adopted Council conclusions endorsing the new strategy for Central Asia and I'm pleased to note that the attention and interest in the region of our member states is growing significantly. It has been growing for more than four years since a very active Latvian presidency which brought Central Asia back to our radar screen but also it's growing because of many important things and developments happening in the region and I have to say that the Central Asian region is not really in focus of our attention because of any kind of crisis or conflict but on the contrary because of positive developments in the region and I also believe that these positive developments can be also attributed and credited also to use long term support and investment into the sustainable development of the region and support for regional cooperation as factors of security and stability. In particular as I mentioned in this past couple of years Central Asia has gone through significant changes which have brought the region closer than ever to Europe and have increased the geostrategic significance of the region for us for the European Union and I would mention a couple of those positive dynamics that we see in Central Asia and that have opened up new opportunities for taking the EU Central Asia partnership and relationship forward to a qualitatively new level. First of all it's reform and modernization processes in the region in particular I would say in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan of course Kazakhstan has been involved in those reform processes under 100 steps program for several years already and those reform processes have triggered cause also for political recognition and support from the EU and of course while Central Asians will need to decide their own ways of working together there is also a new momentum in regional cooperation illustrated by the first informal consultative summit of Central Asian leaders in March 2018 in Astana and hopefully the next summit will be organized this year in Tashkent it was slightly postponed because of the elections in Astana in Nur Sultan and I hope that really also the summits are showing the understanding of Central Asian countries that in spite of their different interests different ambitions different also models of building their statehoods the regional cooperation is a must and is contributing to solutions to common challenges and also I would mention a couple of geo-strategic geopolitical developments we are not hiding that also our interest to the region has increased also thanks to more engagement of China through its Belt and Road initiative but we also understood that European Union has to come with its own concept in promoting your Asian connectivity and as you know just in September 2018 we adopted our own strategy on connecting Europe and Asia actually presenting our views and approaches to a sustainable way of connecting Europe and Asia and it was met with quite a strong interest not only by our partners but also by China where we also established EU-China connectivity platform for discussing various projects together but also we are using this platform for encouraging China to behave in a more sustainable manner and more open manner when pursuing a Belt and Road initiative but once again it's a process and we hope that our 25 years experience from building connectivity in our single market and with our neighborhood has already accumulated a lot of experience but also we are one of the strongest source of financing for those projects so I believe here we can also build something we can call a partnership for sustainable connectivity with Central Asia as part of our strategy and also we are quite pleased to note that Central Asians are quite eager to take their own responsibility for certain things happening in the region including security including fight against radicalization leading to violent extremism including also contribution to hopefully helping Afghanistan to stabilize and find the solution for its protected conflict and you see also a very strong initiative of Kazakhstan bringing up the topic of regional security including Afghanistan to the program of the security council you see initiatives of Uzbekistan presented in Samarkand in Tashkent conference and this also creates a new kind of level of cooperation not only working and helping Central Asian countries in their sustainable development but working together in addressing many important regional and also global challenges including the impact of climate change and many other other things but I do not want to sound complacent we clearly see also many outstanding challenges in the region these are connected or not connected also with the challenges I mentioned which will see shrinking space for civil society sometimes lack of respect for basic freedoms including freedom of expression or assembly and sometimes quite heavy-handed approaches of law enforcement services even against peaceful demonstrators I think really the threats which the region and individual countries are facing and we are out loud saying it should not be a reason why you should slow down the process of reforms or slowing down opening up the societies or providing more freedoms to their citizens on the contrary I think if you have this kind of heavy-handed approaches sometimes you trigger even more negative reactions and the EU within our platforms for bilateral and regional dialogues we have dialogues on human rights we have also platform for rule of law cooperation we are trying to be very open and also sharing our experience how these elements were so important for us let's say four countries of Central Eastern Europe in our transformation processes so I think this is also something which represents certain change we are not trying to teach our citizens but we are trying to actually by experience sharing to demonstrate a practical value of those challenges these countries are facing over the lunch we had quite an interesting discussion about the experience actually the history of Central Asian countries for five years it's nothing in the history but the progress is enormous but once again we should not forget that there are many important challenges including those which I mentioned neighboring Afghanistan growing potential for radicalization but also that there are actually a million of young people entering the labor market every year can you imagine this kind of labor force entering the labor market every year out of it probably this year is the most kind of fertile in Uzbekistan it's 800,000 young people entering the labor market so it's both a blessing but it is also a challenge when these young people are not provided job opportunities then they can be ruled by radicals by extremists recruited but also they can become a source of irregular migration so far Russia is absorbing a big portion of this labor migration but I see that the absorption capacity of Russia is reaching or has reached also the limit it was quite interesting that last week I visited Russia I met with Deputy Minister Karasin and he said we have four million labor migrants he was quite positive about the contribution of these labor migrants to the economic development but also that actually those labor migrants are transferring money remittances to their own countries and supporting in a way economic development but I think there could be also a way how to secure this wonderful young potential by creating job opportunities inside of their countries and certainly this is one of our ambitions to contribute to that through certain priorities which are reflected in our strategy now very briefly about the strategy and I would be very much eager to listen to your comments and questions the strategy which was adopted on 17th of June I believe was done in the most transparent manner we were involved in a large consultation process with our partners in Central Asia over two years involving governments civil society private sector but also our member states and private sector we wanted to be sure that the picture we have about the needs expectations and priorities of our partners about expectations of our member states are correctly and precisely reflected in the strategy I do not want to claim that we have a perfect strategy but certainly according to first reactions from member states from the region the strategy is appreciated as less ambitious ambitious and more realistic better focus on the needs of our partners in the region and better reflecting and mobilizing our sources and resources for implementing the strategy of course the strategy will be then translated into the future programming actually we are starting the preparation of a new budget or new multi-annual indicative program for 2021-27 where the strategy will be a very important political guidance for allocating the money I'm not promising that we'll allocate much more money but certainly the commitments of the EU to increase the financing of foreign action in the next budget by 30% is an encouraging signal I think also with the level of allocations we have allocated for the previous planning period more than 1.2 billion euros for various bilateral and regional projects and programs in those key areas rule of law of education education is the most significant program but also supporting more sustainable management of natural resources and also we are looking to the same priorities but adding more focus also on economic aspects including building ground or rules based space for a more attractive investment environment for those connectivity projects to be achievable and environmentally also sustainable so we are now also based on the demand from our partners for a more ambitious economic presence of the EU in the region strengthening mechanisms for supporting investments including investment for facility for Central Asia which is a source of grants which could be combined with loans of different financial institutions we are very much encouraging EIB to increase the activities in the region also because of these emerging opportunities currently EIB is falling behind its expectations and potential as the biggest investment bank but we hope that also by improving and creating better conditions for investments and their production of protection the interest of EIB, EBRD will be only growing but once again we believe that certain homework should be done also by our partners in those areas fighting corruption, good governance, access to justice and these are key elements of the improved environment and when I am discussing these elements also of connectivity with our Chinese partners they clearly recognize the importance of fighting corruption and rule of law is also important elements for liability of their Belt and Road initiative programs so I believe we have certain convergence of views also in this area and once again we hope to work in promoting sustainable way of connectivity addressing also issues like unsustainable debt or poor quality of projects so I guess I spoke a lot but I haven't mentioned actually the key two priorities of the strategy or three if you wish but you can find the strategy it's accessible including also council conclusions on our website so our strategy is divided into two priorities supporting and building partnership for resilience it's very much connected with something which I mentioned in the beginning these enormous challenges and precious our partners are finding themselves because of the climate change because of a lack of connectivity and I think our kind of primary goal is to help in strengthening capacities of our partners in Central Asia in absorbing and resisting and responding to these external and internal shocks again through education through job creation through reforms and second very important priority is very much connected also with the first one but also with more economic focus is the partnership for resilience where we also as I mentioned will be very much focused on supporting private sector development improvement of investment climate business environment job creation and also creating better conditions for sustainable connectivity once again these priorities will be translated into our programs but probably since I spoke for too long already I would stop here and open up for your questions or comments if any