Remember a Hallmark card when you carry enough to send the very best. Secures of Hallmark cards bring you an unusual true story on the Hallmark Hall of Fame. Yes, at best, the quality of mercy is not strained. It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven upon the place beneath. It is twice blessed. It blesseth him that gives and him that taketh. It is an attribute to God himself, the quality of mercy. On the courthouse lawn in the city of Galesburg, Illinois, there is a statue, a woman kneeling beside her wounded soldier, tendering avid. It was set there to honor the memory of one of America's first and greatest nurses. A woman whose qualities of mercy and courage were as durable as the stone of the statue itself. Her name was Mary Ann Bickertite, and this is her true story. And now here is Frank Goss from the makers of Hallmark cards. Whenever you want to remember a special person on a special day, let Hallmark cards speak for you. They are the symbols of friendship and they can carry your thoughts right next door or half a world away. And here's something nice to know. Even though the quality of Hallmark cards improves through the years, their prices remain the same. So look for the Hallmark and crown on the back of each card you choose. It always means you carry enough to send the very best. Lion of Barrymore appears by arrangement with Metro Golden Mayor, producers of the Technicolor picture Magumbo, starring Clark Gable and Ava Gardner with Grace Kelly. And now Mr. Barrymore brings you tonight's exciting story on the Hallmark Hall of Fame. 1861, the Civil War has just begun. The armies of the North and of the South march toward each other. There is a carnival air about them as though a holiday and not a war. No one believes it will last longer than a month or two. A bit of shooting, a great deal of cheering and then truth and confidence and compromise. So the soldiers sing and crack jokes and they're sightseers of lunch baskets and speeches and hilarity and bouquets of flowers and the musket barrels.  And they are the first great horrible conflicts, each leaving in its wake the inevitable trophy. And on other places in the land, in Galesburg, Illinois, at the home of the Reverend Mr. Jackson. One morning. Here, we're waiting for him at the depot, the whole Lady's Aid Society, but he has, oh, excuse me, I ran all the way. Is he here? Yes, he's here. But the train leaves in a few minutes, he'll miss the train. Is that the doctor as well? Doctor. Is Mrs. Bikerdyke? He tripped on the steps just as he was leaving. He's broken his leg. Oh, Reverend. I sent a boy to the depot. Sit down, Mary, sit down. I'm so sorry. Are you in great pain? Well, I would be if I weren't so angry with myself of all times for such a thing to happen. Well, well, the Lord moves in mysterious ways. Now, this is what I've done. I've sent a message to the freight agent telling him to unload all the crates and keep them at the depot at such a time as... Unload! But those supplies are needed at the hospital. Why, you told us yourself of the misery you'd seen down there in Cairo. You... I'm... I'm sorry. The authorities never dreamed there'd be such a great number of wounded. They're totally unprepared. The confusion is unbelievable. We cannot ship those supplies unattended. They might be shunted down to a siding and lost for days, if not forever. Now, I've sent for Mr. Morrissey. Perhaps he can find a time to make the journey if he leaves by tomorrow's train. Tomorrow's train? Reverend, there are boys from this town who have blabbed to death in Cairo for lack of bandages. Every hour delay means suffering and lives lost. We... Oh, forgive me. I'm upset. Yes, so am I. I'm just as anxious as you and the other ladies of the age society to waste not a moment in bringing... The warning is... Reverend, the supplies must go by that train. Impossible. You can see I'm in no condition to travel and if no one else is prepared to go... Then I'll go. What's that? I'll go. But...  Are these the invoices, Mrs. Morrissey? Mary, did you hear what I said?  I've traveled alone on railroads before. But you've never in your life seen anything like the hospital in Cairo. It's a nightmare, a charnel house. It's no place for a woman. No, no, it's out of the question. I will not go near the hospital. I promise you. I have less courage than most when it comes to things like that.  She got sick to her stomach and had to be walked in the air. So you see, you've no cause for worry on that score. I'll simply deliver the supplies and come home by the next train. Mary, I beg you to reconsider your... Goodbye, Reverend. Ethel, will you look after my house while I'm gone? Don't look at that. Traveling south to the Army Hospital in Cairo, Illinois is 43 years old and the mother of two grown sons. A quiet woman, almost shy. She's never done anything out of the ordinary nor considered herself to be other than average. It's nice when she arrives in Cairo, raining. She steps down from the train into a hurly burly of darkness and a hurrying overworked man. How many more in that car? It's free, sir. I'll take one of them steps. We're going out of stretchers. I'd use blankets. Carry them out in blankets. I'm begging you, Lieutenant. Pardon me, but where am I supposed to get blankets? I can't weave them, you know. Then just carry them out. Excuse me, but I'm here with you. What's a woman doing here? I represent the Ladies' Age Society of Galesburg, Illinois. What? Madam, I don't know how you got here, but I do know you don't belong here. These yards are off limits to civilians. We're unloading wounded. Yes. It's precisely because of the wounded that I've come. There's a freight car on this train with crates of blankets and food and bandages. Ah, let me see a pass. Car proofing or landing? No. I have no pass. Madam, I must ask you to leave at once. I'm telling you to leave just as soon as those crates are delivered into the proper hands. You see, we of the Galesburg Ladies' Age... Please, Madam, I haven't slept a wink in two days. Now, we've unloaded 200 cars of wounded since nightfall. We haven't even begun. I haven't time or energy to waste on you. I must ask you to leave. Leave. Won't you just decide some of your men to unload the crates? Corporal, escort this lady out of the yard. I will not go until those crates have been delivered. If you touch me, I'll smash you with my umbrella. Hear what I said, Corporal? I heard you, Lieutenant. But, uh... All right, Corporal, as you were. Go to headquarters to see about this. You keep an eye on hers. She may be a spy. Corporal, won't you help me? Once those crates are unloaded, my work here is done and I'll go. I'd like to, Lady, but... Without orders, I'm not going to be broken down to a private. Lady, did you say you had food and blankets for the wounded and those crates? Yes. And bandages and socks and underwear and ever so many things. Well, except for the Corporal, the rest of us is privates. They can't break us down no further. Right, fellas? How about it, Corporal? Well, all right. But keep an eye out for the Lieutenant. Oh, please, you hear the receipts and invoices. Come on, boys. When the supplies are unloaded, Corporal, will you see to it they're taken up to the hospital and distributed? Oh, don't have to take it all the way to the hospital for that, Lady. There's wounded all around. What? Yes, ma'am. They're stacked over there on the platform like cords of wood. And behind them, like that whole hill, it's covered with wounded. They've got acres of them. In the open? In the rain? Well, we're putting up buildings as fast as we can, but we never expected so many. Oh, God. Men, meet your lantern. Where are you going, Lady? I'll be over there on the platform. There must be something I can do. Lady, please, you must be... You can't open the crates as quickly as possible. And fetch what's in them to me. Lady, no. I got orders you to stay here. Lady! They're not here. Is there anything at all I can do to help you? Well, let you know. I was just thinking about you. I was wishing you... Who are you? I want to help you. Tell me how. Look, I'm awful cold. There'll be warm blankets in a moment. In the meantime, we can use my coat. There. Is that better? Thank you, ma'am. Do you have any bandages? The chap next to me. I think he's breathing a death. Johnny, Johnny, wake up. There's somebody here to find up the wound. Ma'am, don't touch me. I'm awful dirty. I'm sure I don't mind that.  You tell me if it hurts. Oh! I'd be eating it. I don't think we can wait for the bandages.   Not your petticoat, ma'am.  Yes, ma'am. It's funny. I shot Yank here. He got me with his bayonet. Here's both of them. Beside, beside. And there's you. Be sure to tell me now. If it hurts. We got the crates, ma'am, and they're open. Cover as many as possible with the blankets first. Then feed all those who are hungry and may eat. And then come back to... Here she is, Colonel. This is the one. You're serving, ma'am. I'm Colonel Evely of the Surgeon General's Department. And I'm Mrs. Biccadiak of the Ladies' Aid Society of Galesburg. I'm not doing any harm here, friend. I'm trying to help. Yes, ma'am. I know, and I know the work of the ladies' aid. But I have orders that say no civilian is permitted to enter or remain in this yard. I intend to obey them. And I have orders that say, do unto others, as ye would have them do unto you. And I intend to obey them. Quite so. Quite so. How long will it take to unload the supplies the lieutenant tells me you brought? They're already unloaded. Oh, well, then... But there seems to be more to be done here than I thought. Oh, I bet you, sir, since there's so many wounded, may I not stay a while and help. Very well, madam. And I thank you. I'll make out the proper papers for you. Thank you. And could I trouble you to send a telegram to the Reverend Mr. Jackson in Galesburg? Tell him to keep the supplies coming. And tell him I'm no longer only a woman. I'm a nurse. Corporal? Hand me some of those blankets. In just a moment, we return to the second act to the Hallmark Hall of Fame. Did you ever stop to think that the Christmas card you select is really several cards in one? Because it's sure to mean different things to different people. For instance, to a new neighbor, your Christmas card may be a merry welcome to the neighborhood, to an old friend that may recall other Christmases long ago. Yes, a Christmas card can be a wish for a bright future to a newly married couple, or a special holiday adventure to a small child, or a warm bond of affection at Christmastime to someone across the miles. That's why the choice of your personal Christmas card is such an important one. And that's why I suggest you make that choice from this year's Hallmark Christmas card albums. In them, you'll find all that's new and beautiful in the way of yuletide greetings. New designs, new colors, new ways of expressing your best wishes to those who are dear to you. And remember, the hallmark and crown on the back of each card you mail will carry an extra measure of joy. For it means you'll carry enough to send the very best. Barry Moore brings you the second act of the new story of Mary Ann Bickerdike. Selfless nurses as Mary Ann United States Sanitary Commission have fallen out of the red list of the services of other women. The orbital encampments such as the one at Cairo were fully staffed and efficiently run, and Mrs. Bickerdike decided her work there was at the end. And one morning she visited Colonel Everlay at his office. Come in, ma'am, come in. I'll be with you as soon as I sign these. There you are, Sergeant. That'll be all. Take this chair, ma'am. Now, what can I do for you? I've come to say goodbye, Colonel. I'm leaving this hospital. What's that you say? I'm leaving. I've already made arrangements with the Sanitary Commission. Someone will be sent to replace me. Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. You're my good right arm. What will I do without you? I don't blame you. No one man or woman could work as hard as you've worked without wearing out. I've noticed you look a bit pale and drawn. Good of you to say so. Going back to Galesburg, huh? No. Colonel, have you studied the figures on the number of wounded who died during transport to this hospital? I don't follow your train of thought. Do you know the percentage of wounded who arrive here dead? Yes, I have the report here on my desk somewhere. It's 17 out of every 100. 17. It's unavoidable. There are no trained personnel to care for them properly. Out with the fighting is done. It's begun at Fort Johnson. Casualties are bound to be high. If I could work in the field... Absolutely out of the question. Mrs. Bickard, I... Mary, get rid of that notion at once. That's what General Grant's headquarters said in reply to the telegram I sent yesterday. And quite right. You've never seen a battle. I have. The danger... I'll leave the danger to your imagination. But in the second place, we're not equipped to handle wounded in the field. Aren't you going to tell me I'm a woman? Oh, Mary. Use common sense. There are certain places that are not for you. That's what I was told when I left home to come here. Colonel, will you grant a request? Will you give me some sort of paper? Something that looks highly official? Something to help me hurdle the barriers between here and Fort Johnson? No. I refuse to be responsible for such a mad action. And if you make any attempt to go there, I'll telegraph Brandt's headquarters and warn them. They'll mount you straight back to Galesburg under God. Would you do that? It presses his attack with unparalleled vigor. General Buckner defends the fort with equal determination. And the snow between the lines is littered with the casualties. The night before the final attack, General John A. Logan of the Union forces makes the round of his section of the line... Attention. How's your worm? How's it look, Sergeant? Pretty still, until a minute ago, Sergeant. An ape here thundering. I'll tell you what. There you go, Sergeant. An ape here thought he saw something moving out there. Oh, where? Pointed out. There. About halfway between the lines. We thought maybe they were trying to sneak up on us, but that's the only place Ape saw it and there's not a sound. There's somebody looting. Of all the low-down sneak. Sergeant sent out a detail and fetched me the looter. I'll make an example of them. Bring them to my tent. Yes, sir. I was only trying to make absolutely certain that none of the wounded had been overlooked. Mrs. Bickertig, is it? These are the only papers you have? They weren't issued by this command. You're here without official permission. Don't you know this is no place for a woman? I'm a nurse. My place is wherever there are wounded. And I'll thank you not to shake your finger in my face. It's been a long time since I've been afraid of generals. I've taken the temperature of too many of them. Sergeant, you may go. Yes, sir. Let me see those papers again. Look after the wounded before they are shipped to hospitals. So they'll live to be shipped. Anything about patching generals together so they can get some sleep the night before an attack? Oh, you've been wounded? No, there's my shoulder. It's just a graze. But it's keeping me awake. Well, I'll have a look at it. And I have a powder that will let you sleep.  Oh, now wait no more. Oh, come, come. I attended thousands of men. General Logan. I know I've broken a rule, but I had to. My request for permission to work here was denied. I know. I denied it. I had no desire to encumber myself with an hysterical female. I was between the lines tonight for more than an hour. And would have remained longer had I not been interrupted. Do I appear hysterical to you? I only wish I have your composure when I find myself between the lines tomorrow morning. There's to be an attack. Oh, please, General Logan, don't send me away. Let me do what little I can for the wounded. I beg you. I'll grant you that permission, ma'am, but please, stay well out of range of fire to you. You won't have to charge behind us. He helped us stand up to Sherman and to Grant the many times he broke the rules to tend the sick and the wounded. The four solid years of war, she worked tirelessly, never spent any money. She worked tirelessly, never sparing herself. On Palm Sunday, April 9th, 1865, she was in Beaufort, North Carolina, when the word came that peace had been declared. Ten minutes is true. Is it over? Just a rumor. It's finally over. Oh, thank heavens. Thank heavens. It's really over. I can't wait to be demobilized. What's the first thing you're going to do? Oh, the rest. Me too. Well, I can't find my glasses. Read it for me, Lieutenant. General Logan. It says, Army of Tennessee on way to Washington, D.C. for victory parade. Short of rations. Little food in Washington. Can you go there at once and prepare to feed my hungry men? Oh, dear. And it isn't over yet, is it? Shall I send a reply for you? Yes, please. Tell General Logan that the food will be ready when his army arrives. The dyke arrived in Washington eight hours before the Army of the Tennessee. And in those eight hours she performed a miracle. She persuaded wholesale food dealers to donate whole warehouses of their products and a railroad to furnish a train to... to... to fetch the supplies to Washington. And a few days later, as the Army of the Tennessee prepared to swing up Pennsylvania Avenue in the... Thank you, Mary. Oh, that's a fine horse you're riding. Just let me dismiss. No, no. General. Help me up with it, now. General, no. The finest in the world, the most modern equipment, the most competent treatment, the most devoted care, the highest standards achieved, the easing of pain, the saving of lives or in large measure, due to Mary Ann Bickerdike who helped open the field of nursing to all women. They're going to honor a man in the Hallmark Hall of Fame whose story outdoes the wildest adventure fiction you've ever read. Because this story is really, really true, really happen. I'd like to tell you a little about the missionary on snow shoes in just a moment. But first, here's our friend, Frank Goss, to tell us something old and something new. Yesterday I saw a collection of old English Christmas cards dating back to the 17th century. They were elaborate creations for the most part, trimmed in velvets or laces or nets. They were charming for their time, but I couldn't help thinking how much more we all appreciate the elegant simplicity of our modern-day Christmas cards. Take, for instance, this year's selection of Hallmark Christmas cards and boxes. Among them you'll find inspirational cards with messages by Dr. Norman Vincent Peele, or with the poetry that Greg Guest. And you can choose from artist cards, too. Distinctive, euletide paintings by Grandma Moses, Norman Rockwell, Halder, Steinberg, and many others. So why not plan now to delight your friends with the kind of Christmas cards they'll be proud to display? Just buy several boxes of Hallmark Christmas cards soon, in assortments or in one style to a box. You can count on it. These beautiful boxed cards are reasonably priced and easy to keep together till mailing time. Yes, and once they're received, the Hallmark and Crown on the back of each will bring an extra measure of joy. For it says, you'll carry enough to send the very best. And now here again is Lionel Barrymore. Say, you know, Frank, hearing you talk about the difference between those old-fashioned fancy cards and today's smart-looking Christmas cards, well, it makes me think of that old bromide about good old days. And folks who always say how much better everything is to be back in the good old days. Well, that's nonsense to me, you know that. I like to keep up with the times. And you were right, Frank. When I was a boy, we couldn't get Christmas cards by famous artists like Grandma Moses and Norman Rockwell and all the other famous folks who'd design Hallmark Christmas cards. Yes, and I like to see many of them, yes, and I like to see new Christmas art and new-looking cards. What are those new, tall, thin ones, you know, that I like so much, Frank? You know the ones I mean. Oh, you mean the Hallmark Slim Jim cards, Mr. Barrymore? Yes, that's it. Those are the ones. Well, say, Frank, what are you giving us a little preview, huh? Of the exciting adventure story we have coming up on the Hallmark Hall of Fame next week. Next week we're going to honor Sheldon Jackson and we're going to dramatize the story of his amazing and courageous feet driving a herd of reindeer 1,000 miles across Alaska in the dead of winter to save the starving miners of Dawson after a torturous trip from Lapland by boat to New York, by train to Seattle, and boat again to the frozen Yukon. Sheldon Jackson's saga in Alaska could be tamed and become a powerful link in our American Commonwealth. Believe me, you won't forget the story of Sheldon Jackson. Hope you'll be with us next week. Remember, you're also invited to the Hallmark Hall of Fame on television every Sunday, starring Ms. Sarah Churchill. Until next week then, this is Lauren Alburymore saying good night. All only in stores that have been carefully selected to give you expert and friendly service. Remember a Hallmark card when you'll carry it out to send the very best. Our producer director is William Gay. Our script tonight was written by Walter Brown Newman. Mary Ann Bickerdijk was played by Virginia Gregg. Featured in our cast tonight were Margaret Brayton, Paulie Baer, Lamont Johnson, Tom Tully, Jack Edwards, John Daener, Vic Perron, and Lawrence Dobkin. This is Frank Goss saying good night to you all until next week at the same time when we present another true story as we honor Sheldon Jackson. And the week following, you'll hear the exciting true story of William Newton Byers, the two gun journalists. And the week after that, our Thanksgiving Day story of Sponto the Cockney Indian on the Hallmark Hall of Fame. This is KMBC, Kansas City, Missouri.


now dear learners, this is all about the unit 1, nature of formal logic now i think you have understood and all about the main summary of this unit that is nature of formal logic are in a very nutshell, that is the term logic is derived from the Greek word logos which means thought or reasoning thus logic is a study of reasoning and Aristotelian logic is a formal logic formal logic is concerned exclusively with the principles of deductive reasoning and it is concerned with the forms rather than with the content of propositions deductive logic is formal logic as opposed to inductive logic which is non formal logic or material logic logicians are primarily concerned with the correctness or incorrectness of arguments the distinction between correct and incorrect argument is the central problem with which logic deals Aristotelian study of syllogism focused on arguments containing propositions of a spatial kind called categorical propositions categorical propositions consist of subject, predicate and a copula modern logic or symbolic logic is a formal logic or symbolic logic is a developed form of Aristotelian logic the difference between symbolic logic and Aristotelian logic is not a difference of kind but a difference of degree dear learners in propositional calculus the letters of the alphabets like the small letters p q r s t and so on stand for propositions and these letters are used in propositional calculus are known as propositional variables because they can stand independently for any proposition thus in symbolic logic compound propositions are symbolized by means of variables and constants now dear learners you know that the symbolic form p dot q p value q p implies q or negation p etcetera are called truth functions because the truth or falsity of these functions depend on the truth and falsity of the constituent variables like p and q symbolic logic as formal logic is concerned with the validity or invalidity of different argument forms rather than with the validity or invalidity of particular individual arguments formal logic is not concerned with the empirical truth or falsity of propositions it is concerned with formal truth and formal validity so dear learners these are all the very basic points of the unit 1 nature of formal logic now dear learners to know the units to understand the unit in a very comprehensive manner you have to study some books that books are for you you can write down the names of the books then you can take some Kishor Singh's book that is modern logic that is volume 1 and you can take Arvind Amcopy that is symbolic logic fifth edition and you can take also one book that is Krishna Jain the books name is a text book of logic and also you can take another book very important book that is Arvind Amcopy Mohen and Karl Kohen and Priyadol Srinigetli and Monika Prabhakar's book that is introduction to logic dear learners I think you have understood the unit and you go through the unit and you study all the books which I have referred to you thank you


The first moment I got on my own bike, that was when I realized, like, oh my gosh, I love this, I don't want it to end. I don't know, there's something really liberating, like I can go anywhere with this bike and I didn't realize at the time that that epiphany really was going to hold true. I decided I wanted to do this, like I wanted to live. Life moves really fast. BMX was like the throttle I needed. So I plowed right through school, got my degree, saved up some money.  My plan worked out. I'm still riding. It's been 17 years. When I'm on my bike, all I think about is the present. It's taught me that I can really do anything I want to do. I got into BMX at a really cool time. When I first started, I really didn't have any female role models in BMX. I don't know where women's BMX would be, honestly, without Nina. She's been doing zines like Emerald Nation and Yazine, organizing contests. And I had known who she was because she was the first ever sponsored female BMX rider. For me, just sticking with it and earning the respect of the guys early on, I think that really helped me stick with BMX and not really worry about what anyone around me is saying or thinking or what I think they're thinking. I think we're all guilty of letting other people get in our head and holding ourselves back because of it. So just remembering that it's my way to release that really helped me stick with it. My style of riding isn't limited to one style of riding. It's just wherever I'm at, making the most of wherever I am. Whether it's trying something new, riding stuff in both directions, just catch as much air as I can. If you're in charge of your own development, really, there's no program. There's no one there telling you, like, if you're riding for one year, you have to know all of these tricks. It's just at your own pace. Any time any of my friends come to visit me and they're coming from my normal daily grind and they see what life here in Austin is like for me, I do my best to try to encourage them to pursue their passion and let them know the way I live is possible too. She just always goes kind of above and beyond to bring people together and she'll always kind of reach out to them and just really make everyone feel included. She really has the greater good in mind always. I think one of the reasons I'm sitting here right now really is because I've been able to help support so many other people. I think that's kind of how I roll. Just being everyone's cheerleader kind of gets me hyped too. I think just constantly giving really comes back to you. I really see a lot of great things happening for Girls BMX and I'm really happy that I can be a part of it and keep pushing for more things to happen and just, like, ride their hearts out.


Hi and welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following question. The question says, sides of a triangle are in the ratio of 12 x to 17 is to 25 and its perimeter is 540 centimeters. Find its area. Let us now begin with the solution. Suppose that the sides in centimeters are 12 x, 17 x and 25 x. It is given in the question that perimeter of this triangle is 540 centimeters. So this means 12 x plus 17 x plus 25 x is equal to 540 centimeters because 540 centimeters is the perimeter of the triangle. This implies before x is equal to 540 centimeters and this implies x is equal to 10 centimeters. So now we have got the value of x and thus the sides of the triangle are 10 centimeters, 17 into 10 centimeters, 25 into 10 centimeters. That is, 120 centimeters, 170 centimeters, 240, sorry, 250 centimeters. Now we know the sides of this triangle. So we can now easily find area of this triangle by using Rohl's formula. We calculate the semi-perimeter of the triangle. Semi-perimeter of the triangle is equal to a plus b plus c by 2. Now here a is equal to 120 centimeters, b is equal to 170 centimeters and c is equal to 250 centimeters divided by 2. And this is equal to 540 centimeters by 2 and this is equal to 270 centimeters. Let's now calculate s minus a, s is equal to 270 centimeters and a is equal to 120 centimeters. So s minus a is equal to 150 centimeters, s minus b is equal to 270 centimeters minus 170 centimeters and this is equal to 100 centimeters. s minus c is equal to 270 centimeters minus 20 centimeters and this is equal to 20 centimeters. Now area of the triangle equal to square root of s into s minus a into s minus b into s minus c. Substitute the values of s, s minus a, s minus b and s minus c. s is equal to 270 centimeters, s minus a is equal to 150 centimeters, s minus b is equal to 100 centimeters, s minus c is equal to 20 centimeters. Now this is equal to 270 is equal to 3 into 3 into 3 into 2 into 5, 150 is equal to 3 into 5 into 2 into 5, 100 is equal to 10 into 10, 20 is equal to 2 into 2 into 5 centimeters square. This is equal to 3 into 3 into 2 into 5 into 10 into, this is equal to centimeter square is equal to 9000 centimeters square. Hence the area of the triangle is 9000 centimeters square. This is a required answer. So this completes the session. Bye and take care.


pasta, a very quick and easy mushroom pasta dish. We have mushrooms, garlic, half and half, and bow tie pasta. For the seasonings, we have red pepper flakes, paprika, onion powder, garlic powder, Italian seasoning, and salt. I'm going to saute my garlic and red pepper flakes, boil my water, put my mushrooms in the cast iron skillet, and then pour in my bow tie pasta. This is about one cup of bow tie pasta. Go ahead and season up that pasta once it's done. It should take about 10 to 12 minutes to boil. It doesn't matter how you season it, as long as you get the season on you guys. Once that's done, I'm going to pour the pasta in with the mushrooms and allow that to cook for about five minutes, putting a splash or two of half and half, and that is it. This meal is done in less than 20 minutes. Very versatile. If you wanted to add meat, you could. If you wanted to do different vegetables, you could. So that is it, you guys are hoping you enjoyed this video. Take care. Bye.


the think tech Hawaii's law across the sea program. Today we're going across the sea of humanity to talk with Jonathan Okamura. Jonathan Okamura was born and raised on Maui. He is a professor emeritus in the Ethnic Studies Department at the University of Hawaii, Manoa, and a research specialist on topics related to race and ethnicity. I've asked John to open our eyes to race and ethnicity in Hawaii. Welcome, John. Hi. Thanks, Mark. My pleasure to be on your program. Thank you very much. Good to see you. And I want to ask you kind of a personal question first. You were born and raised on Maui. Now, was there anything about Maui that eventually influenced your choice of profession as a professor of ethnic studies and your study of race and ethnicity? Well, it was probably the ethnic diversity of Maui and Hawaii in general and having classmates, friends from a number of different ethnic groups as I was growing up. That led to perhaps a later interest about issues related to race and ethnicity when I pursued graduate studies in anthropology. And my first dissertation research was on Filipino immigrants and colleagues, which I think is the result of this interest I had about the experiences of different ethnic minorities in Hawaii. Okay. Well, I want you to know, I want to kind of focus on the topic. What is racism and is there racism in Hawaii? Sure. Well, we can start with a minimum definition of racism, which is the belief, the perception and the inherent inferiority of a group of people considered a race, inferior in terms of say, intelligence or general abilities. But the term systemic racism has become very much a media buzzword in the past three years since the killing of George Floyd. And this, well, it's a theory that was introduced by a race scholar named Joe Fagan, perhaps 15 years prior to the killing of George Floyd. And I think he hasn't really been given enough credit for developing this theory. So what Joe Fagan emphasizes in his notion of systemic racism is, well, there's institutional racism and institutional discrimination. There's material inequalities and all of these factors work together as a system to maintain racial oppression, racial inequality in society. And so this is what we see historically in Hawaii especially, and in contemporary terms, on the US continent, systemic racism. Okay. Well, I mean, you said that's what we see in Hawaii. What do we see in Hawaii as far as that's concerned? I mean, you're right. I mean, we're talking a lot now about racism in the United States. And it's a topic that there's even a debate about whether we should talk about it. But what do you see in Hawaii as far as racism is concerned? Well, there is racism in Hawaii in terms of the perceptions of groups, some being viewed as inferior to others. But the notion of inferiority now is not based on the biological beliefs inherent in the inferiority as was the case previously. Most people in the US use a notion of cultural racism. The reason that groups are inferior in their abilities, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, et cetera, has to do with their cultural values, but these traditions, for example, well, people, you know, these people in racial minorities don't value your education enough. They don't want to work hard enough. They don't, they're unwilling to sacrifice for the sake of their children. These are cultural ideas rather than what prevailed previously, the notion that racial minorities are born inferior. And that's the reason why they have a lower status in society. In Hawaii, we don't necessarily have those kinds of extreme views, but we do have a system of institutional discrimination that limits the opportunities for advancement of minorities. This especially takes place in terms of public education and the funding of public education at the K to 12 and University of Hawaii levels. I consider this one of the more oppressive forms of institutional discrimination through the policies of our particularly legislature not to fund K to 12 schools and University of Hawaii such that equal educational opportunity is being provided to the 70% of students in our public schools who are from ethnic minorities. Okay, and that's interesting because Hawaii, yeah, we do have a history of private versus public schools here that I'm, it's quite a predominant theory and conflict in a way or competition. And now, you know, talking more about Hawaii, Hawaii has always been known as the aloha state, welcoming people from all over the world. But I mean, is that a correct perception or what is Hawaii's history as the aloha state with respect to race and ethnic relations? Well, let me go back to the point you made about public and private schools. So Hawaii has the highest percentage of private school enrollment in the nation, 16 and 17% of K to 12 students attend the private school. And that's a reflection of the perception of those the parents of those children about the quality of public education of the available. It's also a reflection of their financial ability to provide that private school education for their children. Regarding Hawaii being the aloha state, well, when can question what happened after Captain Cook and his three ships arrived in Hawaii? Whether or not Hawaiian's really welcomed them to Hawaii because what happened consequently was the decimation of the Hawaiian population from an estimated 660,000 Hawaiians to a meter less than 40,000 by 1900. And over time, with the immigration or labor recruitment of different groups to Hawaii, one can question also if they were welcomed with aloha with their low paying jobs, poor quality housing restrictions to unskilled labor with limited opportunities for advancement. And more recently, we can also question the aloha for migrant Asians, the most recent immigrant group to Hawaii. How is that evident? Calling people leeches, cockroaches, some of the most racist kinds of terms being used against them, and people not even thinking there's any problem, making fun, making jokes about migrant Asians. Okay, so and is this, we're just going back again to this public private school. I have a sense that it's not all racist based in it, but it's kind of the result somehow of different races going to different schools. And maybe that has made the consequence of whether parents want to send their children to a public or private school or the financial ability.  I mean, I'm just trying to understand that. No, no, I'm not saying it's racist. What I'm saying is the high percentage of private school enrollment is a reflection of the ethnic inequality in Hawaii. And as I mentioned before, the discriminatory policy of our state legislature not to fund the private public schools K to 12 to the extent needed to provide an adequate education How do we know this? Well, there's a teacher shortage every year when the school is open in August. This is after trying to recruit teachers from the continent and hiring emergency hire staff. They're called teachers, but they're not because they don't have a professional diploma that qualifies them to teach. They only have three years rather in which to obtain that credential. But that's a reflection of underfunding. If the schools are fully funded, they could attract more teachers and we wouldn't be facing this teacher shortage that has been chronic over the decades. And that does affect different racial categories of people? Absolutely. The largest group in the public schools are now Filipinos, almost 25% and closely behind the Hawaiians. That's almost half of the graduates each year from our public high schools. But if you go to Manoa, those groups are represented substantially below those percentages. And that has been the case for decades. That has not improved significantly over time. Okay. All right. And you mentioned Micronesians. You mentioned the schooling. Is there any other current racial or ethnic issue in Hawaii besides those two that come to mind? Well, this is the issue that you raised in one of your questions that you had sent me. The major problem I see in Hawaii is ethnic inequality, which is deeply entrenched in Hawaiians society. Previously, even during the plantation period, there were avenues for socioeconomic mobility that enabled Chinese, Japanese, Koreans to move off the plantation, to find jobs other than plantation labor over time to enter the middle class using the public schools as an avenue for that kind of collective socioeconomic mobility. Over time, as tourism became the dominant industry, with this creation of largely service and sales work, low mobility, low wages, the opportunities for collective socioeconomic mobility have declined substantially. It is still possible for individual mobility to take place for members of minority groups, Hawaiians, Filipinos, Samoans to graduate from a public school, to attend the University of Hawaii, it's different campuses, Manawa, Hilo, West O'awa, to get a college degree, to get a professional job, to become homeowners and enter the middle class. But it's limited to individuals. That kind of mobility isn't large enough so that we can speak of collective mobility. And so what we have now, and I would say over the past several decades, is a society in which the dominant groups are holidays, Japanese Americans, Chinese Americans, and the subordinate groups are Hawaiians, Filipinos, Samoans, Tongans, and now most recently, Micronesians. And that gap is not being closed because of our over dependence on tourism, which became quite apparent during the COVID epidemic. Tourism does not create jobs for socioeconomic mobility. It's labor intensive, as opposed to the kind of economy we require, knowledge intensive industries that can provide viable avenues for socioeconomic mobility. So our college graduates don't have to leave Hawaii for the U.S. continent in search of a job commensurate with their college education. Well, there's been a lot of talk quite recently about the number of Hawaiian folks that have left Hawaii. And I'm trying to make sure I understand this. That's a kind of a combination of race and economy issues. But I guess it's going back to the racial background also that has provided very little opportunity. Am I seeing that correctly? Well, you know, I wouldn't necessarily directly attribute it to race. And it's kind of saying, well, there's something about being Hawaiian that these people believe. That's not the case. But other groups have been leaving also like Filipinos. And this is a process that's been ongoing since the late 80s, early 90s. But it has emerged more critically in the close pandemic period because of the loss of job and the rising cost of housing, which of course has been a long-term problem here in Hawaii. And that can be also attributed the inability to purchase a house to the kinds of jobs that we have in Hawaii that don't necessarily require college education. So the wages are low, which prevents people from becoming homeowners and which leads them to move to the continent in search of better-paying jobs. And as long as they stay out of certain parts of California, like San Francisco, they can come home. Okay. Now, I want to kind of go off a little bit. We have different groups of people that you've mentioned that are here in Hawaii. Do these different folks, do they hang together? Is there a cultural group for each of them? Or do they mix in Hawaii? How do you see that? And also, it seems like every year there's various cultural celebrations for different groups of races. Am I seeing that right? And what do you think about those? Well, people congregate with those from their same ethnic group as themselves, depending on which school they attend. I'm not necessarily focused on those kinds of interpersonal relations. But if you think about the three dominant groups, as I mentioned before, the Japanese, Chinese, Holly, again, I'm not necessarily concerned with how they get along with each other as classmates or workmates. But these groups have high rates of intermarriage among themselves, especially young people in college when I was last teaching, if not before. These members of these three groups also live in the same ethnic communities, East Honolulu, Manaua, et cetera. They send their children to the most academically selective schools in Hawaii and also on the continent. And this contributes to that divide. This is my concern, the larger divide between those three dominant groups and the subordinate groups, Filipino, Samoan, Samoan. Those groups also enter marriage to a certain extent at higher rates than with members of the dominant groups. But more generally, I'm concerned about the ethnic inequality between three dominant groups and subordinate groups that has not been closed over the decades. But to me, it appears to be widening. And that has resulted in better economic opportunities for those three groups. Oh yes, just the reason why they're able to send their children to private schools, or even if they send their kids to public schools, the better public schools, Kalani, Kaiser, one has to have the income to live in those more affluent neighborhoods in East Honolulu. And subsequently, they're able to afford to send their children to college on the US continent. And for their graduates of our most academically selective high schools, they send them to the top schools on the continent. Having said that, though, Kamehameha schools graduates also attend the top universities in the country. Okay, so I see a lot of this as historically created somewhere in Hawaii's history from Captain Cook that you mentioned to the present. And it's a difficult topic, and it deals with both race and economy and how they work together. And that's interesting. It seems like the background of somebody, and maybe of those three groups that hang together, allows them to do better economically. And that's what I hear you say. No, no. It's not the groups themselves.  And that's not the kind of argument I'm making. There's nothing necessary specific about Japanese American culture, the results and their children doing well, or how they culture that enables their children to succeed. Think about all the poor whites in the continental US. Why aren't they successful as they are in Hawaii? No, what I'm saying is that historically, over time, there were avenues for socioeconomic mobility, even for groups that sort of own the plantations. But as our economy became so dependent on tourism, those avenues became closed. And subsequently, the underfunding of public education, the percentage appropriated by state legislature for public education has declined over the decades. Okay. All right. Thank you. Because of the poor quality of our public schools. Yeah. Now I want to ask a question about politics. And how does race and ethnicity affect local Hawaii politics? There's primarily in the two areas. One is ethnic block voting. That's still significant. If voters have the opportunity, they will vote for a candidate from the same ethnic group as themselves. I've written about this topic. When it comes to Japanese Americans, that is also true as long as the candidate is not a Republican. Japanese Americans, for the most part, will not vote for a Japanese American political candidate. We can point to a number of examples of this. Pat Psyche will testify that it's true. The other side is campaigned by political candidates. They will do targeted campaigning for certain groups, certainly their own group, but also Japanese Americans, even though they're not the largest group of voters. Sorry, take it back. The largest group in Hawaii population one, because whites are the largest, candidates seem to target Japanese American voters because of the assumption that they're more likely to register and vote in a state which has had the lowest voting rates in the nation. So over time, we've seen candidates with Japanese American wives called well, Mufi Hanaman, head case, using their wives in their campaigns, in their campaign literature, in their campaign advertising, standing by the freeway, waving signs, as people go by. I haven't really noticed this among other candidates with non-Japanese wives, but to me, it's obvious. These candidates are saying vote for me while they're targeting Japanese American voters in particular. Vote for me because I have a Japanese wife, which hardly seems a valid reason to vote for anyone, right? Yeah, I understand. You're not discriminating against Japanese wives, but you're saying you should look at the person who's running. Yeah, I'm a nice guy. I have a Japanese wife. You can trust me. Well, yeah, okay, I get that. Now, have you noticed any racial or ethnic reactions to the election of Josh Green as Hawaii governor? Not really. No, because he won by such a large margin. It's somewhat difficult to tease out what extent there were substantial voters against him. Yes, he was running against a Hawaiian candidate, Luke Iona, but that Republican ticket wasn't really valid. They were so underfunded. They hardly had any campaign funds at all, and his running mate was anti-abortion when he campaigned in the primary. So they had to work out that issue when they ran as a team in the general election. So in that case, I didn't see much competition at all provided by the Republicans, which is a virtual problem in Hawaii. I think in Iona's case, his difficulty will come from the Speaker of the House and the Senate President, even though they're belonging to the same party. But I don't think it's based on ethnicity or race. It's just who's going to control Hawaii, the governor, or the legislature. I mean, so you mean Josh Green's problems will come from within what you're saying? Because the Democrats dominate politics so much in Hawaii, including in the legislature. But you don't think it's race or ethnic based, any of this dispute?  I don't think so at this point, because he hasn't been in office very long. That's governor. I haven't seen that kind of cleavage emerge so much. If you look at Ike, he's Okinawan slash Japanese, he was highly criticized by, well, particularly the House Speaker, less so the Senate President, and they overcame five of his vetoes. The most in Hawaii history of a Democratic governor. He's a politician. By a Democratic controlled legislature, how does race figure into that? No, it's politics. When I ask another quick, politic question, Barack Obama, a Hawaii-born boy, it became the president of the United States. Is that hopeful? Was that a good thing? It was at that time. If one had a great deal of optimism, you would point to, well, this heralds a colorblind America or a post-racial America that has transcended race. Some people were saying that, but it's much too early to make those kinds of predictions, as we've seen. What Obama's election did was usher in this extreme right-ward shift in racial politics in America. We had the birtherism, the rise of birtherism, led by Trump, the Tea Party, the Freedom Caucus, and Trump being elected as president as a result. And now we've had the Republican Party move more so to the right in their attempts to re-elect themselves to the presidency. So that's the unfortunate consequence I see with Obama's election, this white backlash that has sent America back decades as evident by most recently the overturning or the elimination of race-based friends of action. So really, there was pros and cons of Obama, and that brings up my last question for you, is what can we do in the future here in Hawaii to make it truly the aloha state? I mean, what can we do to help? Well, I'll go back to what I said was the major problem I see in Hawaii when it comes to issues of race and ethnicity. That's an ethnic inequality. So what we need to do is diversify the economy. The leadership has to come from the legislature of putting money into that to create knowledge-intensive industries, as I said, but a much more immediate step can be to increase funding for public education and the University of Hawaii. This provides opportunities for students from minority groups to get a college degree, to be able to obtain a professional job. If the legislature does not fund a university at higher rates, the university has to lower tuition, take that back, cannot raise tuition. This is what has been the case the past several decades, several years. It will continue because enrollment was declining. The effect of tuition so high even students from Hawaii could not attend the OHS Manoa. Therefore, increased funding from the legislature for the university is required so that tuition can get affordable and more students from those minority groups can enter. So in order to, as I hear you saying, we need to increase the opportunities through better education, more opportunities in education and also look for something besides tourism to move us ahead and help with the divisions that might have been historically caused here in Hawaii. No, absolutely. We need to lessen substantially our dependence on tourism. I thought that would be one of the consequences from the pandemic because the industry shut down, although it left thousands of people unemployed, but this is an opportunity to rethink our economy, what kinds of alternatives are possible. There was also a very strong anti-tourism movement or sentiment at least in Hawaii with cause for the abolition of the Hawaii Tourism Authority, but that hasn't necessarily followed through. Yeah, the debate is ongoing and I want to thank you, John Okamura, for your insight and giving us ideas and thoughts that maybe we, I mean I certainly haven't thought before opening our eyes to race and ethnicity and it's a broad topic is, we can talk for hours on it, but I want to thank you very much for being my guest today. Aloha best wishes. Thanks for having me on Mark, my pleasure. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please click the like and subscribe button on YouTube, you can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn. Check out our website thinktechawaii.com. Mahalo.


Ladies and gentlemen, the story you're about to hear is true. The names have been changed to protect the innocent. Dragnet.  You're assigned the burglary detail. A jewelry store has been robbed. Merchandise amounting to $5,000 has been stolen. The thief made good his escape. Your job? Find him. The documented drama of an actual crime. For the next 30 minutes in cooperation with the Los Angeles Police Department, you will travel step-by-step on the side of the law through an actual case transcribed from official police files. From beginning to end, from crime to punishment, Dragnet is the story of your police force in action. It was Sunday, September 8th. It was warm in Los Angeles. We were working the day watch out a burglary detail. My partner, Frank Smith, the boss of chief of detectives, Thad Brown. My name's Friday. We're on our way out to the scene and it was 10.18 a.m. when we got to 6247 28th Street, the jewelry store. I'll be right there. Yes, sir. It's not a very big place. Probably more room behind that partition there. I'm going. You're the police? Yes, sir. That's right. This is my partner, Frank Smith. My name's Friday. I'm glad to meet you. How you doing, sir? My name's Ham. Ray Ham. This is my store. Yes, sir. Sorry I kept you waiting. I was back in the kitchen making some tea. I was a little nervous, you know. Thought it might help. You gentlemen care for some? No, sir. No, thanks, sir. When did you discover the theft? Well, I got back to the store about 40 minutes ago. Saw what had happened and I called the police right away. Is everything like you found it? Yes, sir. These cases open? That's right. I haven't touched anything in here. Didn't want a chance messing anything up. Yes, sir. Didn't leave very much, huh? A couple of watch bands is about all really cleaned out the place. Now, about the watches, what kind were they? Mostly wrist models. A couple of pocket size. Uh-huh. All different brands, but I just got a bunch of long jeans in. Took every one of them. Yes, sir. Clean me out. Can you tell us how they got into the store? Yes. I'll show you how they chopped a hole right through the wall. All right, sir. Right through the wall. In the back. Came right through. You can see there. Goes right into the storeroom of the barbershop next door. Sure made a mess of the place. Plaster all over the floor. Yes, sir. Pretty much ruined the wall, too. Yeah. Wanted to make sure they'd have enough room. See, the hole must be about three feet across, Joe. You can see there, right into the storeroom. Yes, sir. Better check over there. Oh, I forgot to tell you. The back door to the barbershop is open. Before you officers arrived, I checked out in the alley, and I saw it wide open. I guess that's how they got in. Who owns the barbershop, Mr. Hemp? Ed Justin had the place over 15 years. You know where he lives? Yes, he isn't home, though. As soon as I saw that hole, I tried to call him. You can give us his address and phone number, can you? Yes. We'll want to talk to him. I've got one of his cars up front. All right, sir. Let's check next door. Look at that hole. Must be a good three feet across, wouldn't you say? Yes, sir. Here, let me get that door for you. Look at that. What's that? Size of that door. Heavy, double lock. Burglar alarm system out in front. On the skylight up there. Doesn't stop him. Yes, sir. Well, I'm checking next door. Seems like kind of a nice little guy, huh? Yeah. I wonder why the thief didn't close the door when he finished. Probably nothing left to steal. Take a look at the door here. It doesn't look like it was forced. Uh-uh. Justin might have left it unlocked. He made a mess in here, too. Looks like they had a head start. Huh? Place must use a lot of hair oil. Yeah, only that's liquid soap there. Oh, yeah. Doesn't look like there's any tools around. Oh. How you doing? Take a look. Want me to find something? Come here. All right. In the dust here, do you see? Yeah. Impressions?  Yeah.  That's the way I'd call him. You notice right here? In the middle of the print? The stain? Yeah, looks like it could be blood. Possibly he might have cut his foot. What do you think? Uh-huh. Let's call a crime lab. Have him send the crew out to go over both places. Yeah. Joe? Yeah. Take a look at the skylight up there. Okay. It's broken. You better check the rough, huh? Uh-uh. Sure looks like hair, Tommy. Yeah, it's green. Yeah. There's the drain pipe there. Might have used that to get up. We'll have the crew check it. Let's go back in. Yeah. That's your hemp? Yes. Find out anything? Well, we're not sure yet, sir. I wonder if you could tell us, is there some way to get to the roof of the building here? Oh, yes, yes. Come on, I'll show you. There. There, you see? Up in the corner. Crap door. Hinged. Swings right up. It's been a while since I've used it. You have something we can use to get up there? No, I've got a ladder. I'll get it. All right, sir. Want me to give you a hand with that? Oh, I can get it. All right. You better let me help you with that.  All right. Careful. How's that? That's fine. I'll get it. Want to steady the ladder, Frank? Yeah. Can you get it? No, this bolt's stuck just a minute. Probably rusty. I told you I didn't use it very often. Yes, sir. Okay. That's got it. Good. Hang on, will you, while I boost myself up? I got it. Okay. You want to come up, Frank? Yeah. I got my foot on the ledge. You've got to lose some weight. Let's take a look at that skyline, huh? I'm glad we didn't hit this tire rough at noon. That was still pretty warm. You can see all the hams placed through this one. Good spot to case it from, isn't it? Yeah. Let's check that broken skyline. Yeah. Take a look. Yeah, more smears. Not much doubt about these. Looks like blood all right, doesn't it? Yeah, they did case the stars from here. Could have cut his foot on a piece of glass, couldn't he? Figures. Still not much to go on. Yeah. They take a pretty big cut to make these smears. That'll be something in our favor. How do you mean? It won't heal overnight. The crime lab crew arrived and started their investigation. Photographs were taken of the interiors of both stars and samples of the plaster and lap materials were held as evidence. Light and fingerprints went over both the jewelry store and the barber shop. Frank and I checked with the people in the neighborhood and none of them could recall seeing any automobiles or strangers loitering in the vicinity. At 7.20 p.m. the barber, Ed Justin, returned. We questioned him. He said he didn't recall locking the back door to the shop and he said it was more than possible that he did leave it open. We got a complete list of the stolen merchandise from Ray Hampton along with the case and movement numbers of the watches. These were distributed to pawn shops throughout the city. Frank and I went back to the city hall and had the stats office start a run on the M.O. used in the burglary. 9.47 p.m. Lieutenant Lee Jones from the crime lab called to say that they'd finished their examination of the physical evidence. He told us that the stains we'd found were blood and that he'd have the grouping test finished for us in the morning. He wanted to say that the suspect should have particles of plaster dust and other debris in his clothing. Also, if we were able to find the socks that the thief had worn the pattern of the material would identify them. At 10.15 p.m. Frank and I finished the log and we checked out of the office. The next morning we started to run down the list and furnished it. It took two full days to question all of the men named. At the end of that time, we had what we started with. Nothing. We talked to informants. None of them could tell us anything. Wednesday, 11.40 a.m. Frank and I checked into the office. So I better check the book, huh? Yeah. What do you got? A call from Luca Relli over at Narcotics. Yeah? He said they picked up a guy this morning. Luke talked to him and figured maybe we'd want to see him. You say why? No, he didn't spell it out. He saw our teletype on the jewelry store, I think. Yeah. He didn't want to. We put in a call to Sergeant Roxy Luca Relli at Narcotics Division. Five minutes later, the suspect was brought to our office. He was identified as Frederick Gabriel Garth. He had a record listing several arrests for burglary in Narcotics. He'd served one term at the county jail on the Narcotics charge. He was brought into the interrogation room where Frank and I questioned him. What do you give me trouble for? I'm clean. They found nothing on me. Is that so? Sure. The marks are old, but a long time since I had a fix. Uh-huh. Well, what do you want from me? Information. On what? Not a while, haven't you, Garth? Sure. I'm a native son. And he must have a lot of friends. A couple? Any of them selling wristwatches? What do you mean? Well, you don't need a drawing for this now. Any of your friends selling watches cheap? No. You sure about that? What are you trying to build? I don't know why it came to us. You can stare us to a cheap watch. Well, you've got it all wrong. I don't even own a watch. If I could buy one cheap, I'd have one. Is that right? Well, sure. I always wanted a good one. Mm-hmm. You know anybody who can lead us to a good buy? Well, what's in it for me? What do you got now? You're going to leave the same way. No reason for me to give you a hand, then, is there? Then put it down that we're going to have you in here again. The way you act now, go on the books. How about it, Garth? Who's going to know? You, Smith, and me. For real? Won't do us any good to spread it around town, will it? Okay. I met a guy last night. Showed him your watch. He bought for $5. What did it look like? Gold. Pretty good watch. It's fellow friend of yours. I know him. That's all. You got a name? Yeah, Victor Gordon. Where'd you see him? Hot dog stand. Corner St. Andrews. What does Gordon do for a living? I don't know. I just see him around the hot dog stand once in a while. You live around there? Yeah, I got a room there 39th and Western. I don't know the number. It's a big green place. Got those kind of plastic shingles on the roof. Red ones. You show it to us? Yeah, a friend of mine has a car. We drove him home a couple of times. You got a good look at the watch last night? Yeah, what kind was it? Longy. You're pretty sure about that, aren't you? Sure. I looked at it pretty good. He took it off his wrist. Asked me if I thought it was worth $5. Well, I told him it was. Hey, that fort is a real beauty. All right. Can you give us a description of this Gordon, pal? Yeah. We want you to show us where he lives. Well, I've ridden this for no reason to get off now. You got any more on him? You're going to find out anyway. Yeah. This Gordon? Uh-huh. He's an ex-convict. We checked the name and description of Victor Gordon through R&I. We found that he'd served one term for armed robbery in an eastern penitentiary and was not on parole at the time. A check of the ex-convict registration gave us his present address. We also found that he was employed at the Belden Aircraft Corporation in San Fernando. We took Fred Garth out to the address on Western Avenue to verify it for us. He pointed out the house and asked that we drop him off near a streetcar line. After that, Frank and I returned to the rooming house and we went up to the third floor. We knocked on the door to Gordon's room and he asked us in. I know what you're climbing on me for. A while of questions. You ask him to get answers. Don't you? We like a few. Look, you tell me what all this is about. Maybe it'll shake up my memory. All right. The way we heard it, you were wearing a new watch last night. Well, you got it wrong. That's so. Yeah, I haven't got a watch. We got it different. Look here. You see one? If I had a watch, you'd be wearing it, wouldn't I? You had one last night, mister. Well, you're crazy. I haven't got a watch. We heard different. Somebody lied to you. I showed you. I'm not wearing one. You don't mind if we look around the place. Go ahead. You won't find anything. All right. I'll check the closet. Okay. In relation to your time, you're not going to find anything. Well, then you haven't got anything to worry about, have you? Go ahead and mess up my room. Tear it apart. You're not going to find anything. Why don't you just simmer down there? I just don't want to have to put all that stuff back, Joe. Yeah. What do you got? Take a look. I want one of the shoes there. 38 coat. Yeah. How about it? You satisfied now? This gun yours, Gordon? Never showed before.  It isn't mine. Won't hold. You want to tell us about it? All right. So you found a gun. Is something wrong? You've got a short memory, haven't you? Maybe I got it wrong. I thought you guys were looking for a watch. There's a law that says an ex-con can't have a gun. You want to know that? How about it, Gordon? All right. Get your coat. Take me downtown? You called it. What charge? We'll let you know when we write it up. It's a bad beat. Oh, yeah. Sure. Well, it is. I don't know what you're after, but I had no piece of it. You want to get the watch? It's in the medicine cabinet in the bathroom. All right.  I'll get it. I bought it. I paid five bucks. We'll get to that. How about it, Joe? Yeah. You got a pen, man? Yeah. Give it here all over. You want to give me the number? I'll take it against the list. All right. It's kind of hard to see. One, six, seven, eight. I think the next one's a nine. You see that? Yeah. That's a nine. Is it on the list? Wait a minute. Look, I didn't steal it. I was wrong about the gun, but I didn't steal the watch. Look, just sit still. How about it? No, it's not here. Wait a minute. Try the other side. Mm-hmm. Gordon, you're in trouble. Yeah, I know. The gun. No, that's only half of this watch. Yeah? There's no one. You are listening to Dragnet, the authentic story of your police force in action. The suspect was taken downtown in question. He continued to deny any part in the theft. We put in a call to the place where he worked and we verified that he'd been there on the night of the burglary. After a half hour of questioning, Victor Gordon told us about the man he'd bought the watch from. He said he didn't know his full name, but he knew him only as Kermit. He went on to say that his girlfriend had been with him when he bought the watch and could verify the story. We contacted the girl, Celia Kirk, and we talked to her. She told us the same story we'd gotten from Gordon. She volunteered the information that Kermit lived in the 3,800 block on Gramercy Place. She also told us that his girlfriend lived in the 2,900 block on 9th Avenue. We got a complete description of the man and we checked it through R&I. We came up with a package for a Kermit J. Wayne. When the mugshot was shown to Gordon and Celia Kirk, we got a positive identification. Wayne's arrest record went back to the time he was 15. He was listed as an expert safeburger and had used a tunneling M.O. on several occasions. Gordon was booked in at the main jail in a charge of violation of the dangerous weapons control law of 1923, Section 2. 5.40 p.m., Frank and I left the office and drove out to the address on Gramercy Place. Wayne lived on the 2nd floor rear. He wasn't there. In the company of the landlord, we went through his room. Where'd he bury? I'm gonna check the dresser. I'll get the trunk. Yeah. Hey, Joe, look. I guess everybody's got this calendar, huh? Yeah, it's real popular. Good. Hey, look at this. You turned something?  You gotta put them someplace. Well, I have gloves for this job. How you doing with the trunk? There's nothing much in it. More of those calendars. Wayne must be a fine arts patron. Dirty shirts in this one. I don't know. Maybe the guy hasn't heard of laundries. What do you think? Uh-huh. Well, the trunk checks out. How do you like that? I should've known. Hmm?  No, he's neat anyhow. Huh? I'll check the closet. Not many clothes. Maybe the guy's broke, but that's no reason to be so dirty. How about that bundle there? I haven't looked at it yet. It might be his clean shirts. Yeah, pair of pants. Figures. Me too. Put them in the pocket here. A pair of socks. That makes you wrong. If he was so neat, they'd be with the others. Maybe he had a reason for keeping them here. Why? Take a look. He had a reason. Blood on this one. We checked out the rest of Wayne's room, but we turned up nothing to further tie him in with a burglary. We got a description of his car from the landlord, and before we left, we made arrangements for a stakeout to be set up on his room. We took a pair of pants and the bloodstained socks down to the crime lab for examination. 8.20 p.m. Frank and I drove over to Ninth Street to try to find Kermit Wayne's girlfriend. We checked the 2,900 block, and we found a car that matched the description of the one owned by the suspect. We checked the white slip and found the car was registered to Wayne. Frank pulled two of the leads to the spark plugs, and we went back to our car to wait for Wayne to show up. The night dragged on. 4.29 a.m. It's been almost eight hours. Yeah. Something happened, don't you? Put them with you. Joe? Have you ever noticed around the city all the clocks that have stopped? No, I can't say that I have.  Well, what brought that on? Oh, I just think a little while ago. You know, some smart fellows get a lot of work fixing them. All the clocks don't run. They're only right two times a day. What? Clocks that are broke. Twice a day, they're right. How'd you like to be right only twice a day? Some fellas would be all right. Who? The guys that bet on the horses. Oh, yeah, probably wouldn't ever thought of that. Wouldn't be so good if you worked in a chicken hatchery, though. Where? A chicken hatchery. What do you mean? Well, those guys up there that look at baby chicks are days so old, and they tell what they're going to be. You know, men or women? What? Well, they're going to be roosters or hens. Pretty good money in it. Well, that's a new one on me. Yeah, but you've got to be right. Why today's stuff? You know, say a guy about a hundred little baby chicks expecting to get 98 hens and two roosters. I mean, finds out he got just the opposite 98 roosters and two hens. How do you think you'd feel? Disappointed? You bet he wouldn't. That guy would be looking for a new job, too. Well, maybe he could fix those clocks. Well, it should be a lot of money. Hold it. Across the street? Yeah. There's somebody inside there. I can't see him too good. It's about the right height, though. He's coming this way now. Notice the walk? He checks out all the way. Yeah. That's him. All right, wait till he gets in the car. All right, let's go. All right. Hey, fella! You Kermit Wayne? Hey, what is this? Police officers. Are you Kermit Wayne? Yeah, why? Get out of the car. Come on. Keep those hands where you can see him. Why do you want to talk to me? Come on, get out. Just put it down to the way you walk, huh? That won't make sense. That's just us. What do you mean? You limp. The suspect was taken down at Georgia Street receiving hospital. An examination showed that he had a bad cut on his right foot. We contacted the office, and another team of men were sent out to the apartment of Wayne's girlfriend to go over the place. Frank and I took the suspect back to the office at 8.25 a.m. Don't guess we can expect much from Wayne's girlfriend if he's anything like him. No. He's a clam, that's for sure. We're going to need something strong to open him up. Righty? Yeah, Mac. What'd you do out there? Maybe we got something for you. Where? Where is the guy? The next office. Here. You taking a trip, Mac? Uh-uh. Suitcases for you. Watches. Rings. Huh. Wayne's girlfriend didn't know it, but she was in the jewelry business. Oh, look at this. All orangey. How about Cyril? We haven't checked him yet. Since we found this, we came right over. All right. We'll run him. Do you have any trouble? No, really. She was pretty cooperative. Didn't see what was going on. We told her Wayne was in custody, gave her a big story. Tells easier than it was. How'd you look at this stuff? When we told her about Wayne, she remembered the suitcase he wanted her to keep for him. He told her it was some war souvenir. Didn't like to leave him in his room. Real surprised when she saw the contents. Then she got mad that he'd always promised to buy her a good watch she never had. You can start looking for a new Santa Claus, huh? Yeah. Wayne won't be shopping for some time. We checked the serial numbers on the watches, and we found that they were the ones taken in the burglary of the jewelry store. All of the other merchandise matched the description that we'd gotten from Ray Hemp. 9.18 a.m. All right. You want to tell us how you cut your foot? I'm giving you nothing. You did it on the skylight over the barbershop, didn't you? You tell me. I don't know. Maybe I cut at the beach. We don't think so. I want to see a lawyer. I'll talk to him, but I got nothing for you guys. All right. We got something here we want you to see, Wayne. How about it, Wayne? Look familiar? Well, you're kidding. Point your watches. I seen watches before. Who hasn't? These are a little different. Look at the suitcase. Doesn't ring any bells? Don't mean nothing to me. They're trying to trap me. I know how you are. Won't work this time. I learned all about you cops a long time ago. I get it. Burgary Friday. Yeah, right. Hmm? Both of them, huh? Oh, good. Okay. We'll check with you. Want to give us a story now, Wayne? I'll talk to a lawyer. That phone call there. I just called the third strike on you, Mr. More blood. All right. I'll give it to you straight. When you went into that jewelry store, you cut your foot. You left blood smears all over the place. Stay away from comic books. They've got pictures of the smears. Our crime lab matched them up with a pair of socks that we found in your room. The pants we found are loaded with debris that you picked up when you went through that wall. And we can prove it came from the same place. Sound like we're bluffing. You want to tell us about it now?  You just got the brakes. That's all. Just the brakes. That's all. Yeah, your cops ain't smart. I went a real young. Once in a while, a break's full on your side. Something else you should have learned real young. You wouldn't be worrying about the brakes now. What's that? That's a good commandment. Or you've just heard is true. The names were changed to protect the innocent. Kermit J. Wayne was tried and convicted of burglary in the first degree. Victor Covell Gordon was found guilty of violation of the Dangerous Weapons Control Act and received sentence as prescribed by law. Burglary in the first degree is punishable by imprisonment in the state penitentiary for a period of not less than five years. Violation of the Dangerous Weapons Control Act is punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than one year or a fine of $500 or both such fine and imprisonment. You have just heard, Dragnet, the authentic story of your police force in action and starring Jack Webb, a presentation of the United States Armed Forces Radio Service.


The rain is coming in. It's got a lot of standing water, so I don't want to keep. What's your name? John. John Volk. And where was your very first park run? Black Park. Which is in Slough. Yeah, outside, yeah. Just outside. And which is the park run that you've done the most? Probably Weymouth. Okay, yeah, yeah, lovely park run. So for everyone watching, what number park run is this for you? 500. Congratulations. Thank you very much. Welcome to Fill My Run. We're in Dorchester for what I thought was called Poundbury Park Run, but it's not, it's called Great Field Park Run. And it's a fast course, apparently, so let's get on it. It's windy, it's wet, it's horrible, but we're going to enjoy it anyway, aren't we? Cheek and Tuddles. Hello. I hope you love your channel. Oh, cheers, thank you very much. First kilometre done, but I'm not going to look at the watch today, so the time is there. First lap done. So it's a three lap course. Actually, three and a half. Second kilometre done. I did actually accidentally look at the watch then. 420. Thank you to our walkers. That's three kilometres done. Didn't look at the watch that time. Well done. How many park runs is that now? 260 something. Lovely. If you're enjoying the video, don't forget to subscribe. Appreciate it. Fourth kilometre done. Time is just there. Really tiring. Very windy. I'm so tired. This is about to get to film my run, George Marathon. Oh, I made it. That was a good film. Well done. 21 and a half. Thank you. Oh, that was hard work. Jack, is this your local park run? It is my local park run. How many have you done here? It should be about 10-ish. And of those, how many have you been the first person to finish the race, the run? Hang on, I'll start. I'll start again, shall we? It's not a race, it's a run. It's a run. I think that's the fifth. What's your name? Dan. Dan, nice to meet you, Dan. About half year around the course, Jasmine came steaming past me like it was nothing. Where did you come? It was First Lady. First Lady, what time? 21, 32. And is this your local? Yes. What's your PB? 20, 40. Are you happy with that today? Yeah, very. Nice to meet you. Thank you very much. Is Greatfield Park Run, or Dorchester Park Run, or Poundbury Park Run? Whatever you want to call it. Officially, it's Greatfield. I guess on a non-windy day, when it's relatively cool and still, this is quite a fast course. On a windy, rainy, blustery day, it's not such a fast course. But that's it. Thank you very much for watching. Do please subscribe below if you're not subscribed to the channel already. And if you want to watch any other park runs that we've done, the playlist is right there. We'll see you over there shortly. Bye-bye.


My name is Leon Barron, I'm a Solutions Architect at Tigera and in this video we're going to run through the steps needed to take a bare bones Kubernetes cluster to a cluster that has Calico, Prometheus and Grafana deployed and running and Calico components exposing metrics for Prometheus consumption. Now how we'll do that is we're going to take a Kubernetes cluster that has no CNI installed in it and using Helm will deploy Calico open source and the Prometheus stack. We'll then enable the Calico components to expose metrics and ensure that Prometheus discovers these metrics. Finally, we'll create a sample dashboard in Grafana to display these metrics. Now before we begin, let's first take a look at the lab environment we have set up. Here we have a three node Kubernetes cluster installed using Kube ADM and a bastion host where we will be running all of our commands from. We have one master node and two worker nodes and the node network is <IP_ADDRESS> slash 24. The pod network is <IP_ADDRESS> slash 24. And finally the service network is <IP_ADDRESS> slash 24. The Calico components whose metrics we're interested in are Calico node and specifically Felix, Calico Typha and Calico Kube controllers. As a brief overview of what each of these components do, the Calico node runs as a demon set on every cluster node. And Felix, which is the component that we're interested in, is a core process running inside of Calico node. One of the main responsibilities of Felix is realizing and enforcing Calico security policies on the data plane. Now Calico Typha is a caching data store proxy that sits between the Calico nodes and the Kubernetes API server. And really its main function is to allow for scale. And then finally we have the Calico Kube controllers. They monitor the Kubernetes API and they perform actions based on a cluster state. So I've now sshed into the Bastion server and to confirm the Bastion servers network information, we can run IP ADDR. We can see that the Bastion servers IP addresses <IP_ADDRESS> slash 24. And that's in keeping with the lab architecture. Now, it's from the Bastion server that we're going to run all of our KubeCuttle commands and Helm commands to really build out this infrastructure. But to get a feeling for where we currently are, let's run the command KubeCuttle get nodes. So we can see that we've got three nodes deployed, one control plane or master node and two worker nodes. And the IP address information is again in keeping with lab architecture. You may also notice that these three nodes are in a not ready status. The reason being is because there is no CNI deployed here and we can further confirm that by running a KubeCuttle get pods. Here we can see that we've got a number of pods that are indeed running, but the pods that are running are actually reusing the IP address from the node that they're on. So these pods are host network to pods. The two core DNS pods are in a pending state and the reason is because they're trying to get an IP address from the pod network. But because we've got no CNI deployed, there's no way that they can get an IP address from that pod network. So let's do that. Let's deploy Calico open source and get a CNI deployed and get all of these pods up and running. As I had mentioned, we're going to use Helm to deploy Calico open source. And the first step to doing that is adding the project Calico Helm repo. Once we've got that done, we're going to create a namespace called Tiger operator. And this is the namespace that we're going to target our Helm install into. So if we run the command Helm install Calico project Calico Tiger operator, I've chosen the latest version available at the moment and we're going to install it into the namespace Tiger operator. Now the Helm install has completed, but we can check the deployment status by running command kubectl get Tiger status. So here we can see the API server resource and the Calico resource, none of which are available and the Calico resource is progressing. We can get a deeper understanding of what's going on by running kubectl get pod minus a and here we can see all of the Calico components that are being deployed. So we've got the Calico API server, we've got the Calico kubectl controllers, Calico nodes, Calico Typha, and the CSI node drivers. Now, because the Calico node pods have been deployed, if we rerun the kubectl get Tiger status command, we'll now see that the Calico resource is available. We can also see that the API resource is available too. So if we rerun the get pods, we now see that everything is running to confirm completely. If we do a kubectl get nodes, we can see that now all nodes are in a ready state. So with Calico open source deployed and all the pods up and running, let's now continue on to deploying Prometheus. Again, we're going to be using Helm to deploy Prometheus. And again, the first step is going to be to add the repo. Once that's added, we're going to create a namespace monitoring where we're going to target the Prometheus deployment. We then run the Helm install Prometheus stack into the monitoring namespace. So once this is completed, we can check the status of Prometheus by running a kubectl get Prometheus minus end monitoring. So we can see here that we've got the Prometheus stack kubeprom Prometheus and we've got the version got one desired, nothing is ready yet. So it's still going on. We can check further by checking on the pods in the monitoring namespace. And here now we can see that we've alert manager that's running, got the Prometheus stack kubeprom Prometheus that's also running. We have Grafana that's running. We've got the Prometheus operator running the state metrics and then the Prometheus node exporter pods all running. So now that they're all running, we should get a good output from here and indeed we see now that it's ready. We can also check Grafana and to check Grafana, we can take a look at the services that are in the monitoring namespace. And here we can see all the services deployed, one of which being Grafana as a cluster IP address and an IP address listening on port 80. Now that we have Calico Prometheus and Grafana deployed, let's look at how we can expose both Prometheus and Grafana so that we have access to their UIs. In this lab, we already have an ingress controller deployed, as you can see here. So I'm going to expose both Prometheus and Grafana using this ingress, but there's no need to use an ingress. If you don't wish to, you can always use a node pour for a load balancer to accomplish the exact same task. Now, let's take a look at the ingress needed to expose Prometheus. So you can see that it's of kind ingress, we've named a Prometheus service and we're going to deploy it into the monitoring namespace. Once the ingress is fully open running, we should be able to browse to this host or URL to access the Prometheus UI. And down here describes what service the ingress is going to match to. So if we run a kubectl get service on the monitoring namespace, we can see that this service name matches to this cluster IP service. And we can see that that service is listening on TCP port 1990. Now, if we want to look further into that, we could run a kubectl get endpoints for that service. And we can see that it is being backed by this IP address. If we want to look even further again, we could do a kubectl get pods minus end monitoring minus or wide and then grep for that IP address. And there we're going to see the pod that backs the service. So this is the pod that's backing this service and this pod is the Prometheus server itself. Okay. So let's now apply that ingress. Now, the ingress is going to take a couple of seconds to apply. We can monitor that by running a get ingress. And we can see that this is the ingress that's currently being deployed, but we've got no addresses associated with it. So if we were to open a browser to this location, we wouldn't see anything. Take a look again and eventually we're going to see addresses that are attached to it. And once they're attached to it, then we know that we've got access to it. So as you see here, we now have these two IP addresses attached to this ingress. So if we were to open up a browser to this location, we should now see the Prometheus UI and indeed we do. We can even check the targets that Prometheus already has. And it's quite interesting because we've deployed it through Helm and it was the full stack. It's already monitoring itself. So it's already monitoring alert manager. It's monitoring the Prometheus operator, Prometheus server, state metrics and a node exporter. It's also monitoring some Kubernetes components like Kubelet and the API server and core DNS. So this is all great. What we want to do is we want to add the Calico components as targets here. But before we do that, let's first expose Grafana as well. The next step is to expose Grafana using our ingress and it's going to be very similar to how we exposed Prometheus previously. Let's take a look at the ingress YAML needed for Grafana. We can see it's of kind ingress. Again, we're calling this Grafana service and we're deploying it into the monitoring namespace. This will be the host or the URL that we're going to use to view the Grafana UI once the ingress is fully up and running. And again, we can see that this ingress is matching the service named Prometheus stack Grafana. And again, we can check the services in the monitoring namespace. And we can see that this service matches with this cluster IP service. And this cluster IP service is listening on TCP port 80. So we could look through the endpoints and the pods that are backing the service. But for now, let's just apply the ingress Grafana YAML and take a look at the Grafana UI. This will take a few seconds. So what we can do to monitor it is run a kubectl get ingress minus N monitoring. And we can see that the Prometheus service of course already has IP addresses attached to it. But the Grafana service that we just applied has nothing. So let's wait until that's populated and then we'll look into the Grafana UI. So now we can see that both Grafana service and Prometheus service have addresses associated with them. So let's now open up this URL to view the Grafana UI and we're presented with the Grafana UI. Here we can take a look at some things. For example, we can take a look at the data sources. And what's interesting is that we're already connected to the Prometheus data source because we deployed this with Helm. Everything is aware of everything else. So this Grafana is aware of the Prometheus that it was deployed with and it's configured the data source for Prometheus. We can also take a look at some built-in dashboards. So we've got core DNS dashboards, Kubernetes API server, etc. And if we take a look at one of the dashboards, we can see that we're already getting metrics. What we want to do now is we want to allow Prometheus to pull in the Calico OSS metrics so from Felix, from Tyfa and from Kube controllers. And once those targets are discovered and metrics are being pulled in, we will create a dashboard for Felix and for Tyfa and take a look at what type of data and metrics that we can see. Let's take stock of what we've done so far. We first deployed the Calico components using Helm and this gave us components such as Calico Tyfa, Calico Kube controller and a Calico node pod on every cluster node. We then deployed the Prometheus stack using Helm, that deployed components such as Prometheus, Grafana, alert manager and node exporters. We then configured an ingress to allow UI access to both Prometheus and Grafana. And from looking at the Prometheus UI, we could see many targets have already been discovered both from the Prometheus stack itself and from the Kubernetes cluster. But now we want to add the Calico components to these Prometheus targets. Next, we want to get a Calico component metrics into our Prometheus deployment and to do this, we need to follow three steps. First, we need to enable Prometheus metrics on both Felix and Tyfa and to do this, we're going to edit the Felix configuration resource to enable Felix metrics and we'll edit the installation resource to enable Tyfa metrics. After this, we need to create services for both Felix and Tyfa and it's going to be these services that Prometheus will use to discover the endpoints and what ports on that endpoint it needs to scrape. Do note that these two first steps are completed by default for Calico Kube controller so we don't need to do anything further there. And then finally, we create service monitor resources that will tell Prometheus about the Felix, Tyfa and Calico Kube controller services. So the service monitors are really what's tying all of these pieces together. So let's now enable the metrics for both Felix and Tyfa. As we had mentioned, for Felix, we're going to patch the Felix configuration resource and we're going to set the Prometheus metrics to be enabled. For Tyfa, we need to patch the installation resource and here we're patching it by specifying the Tyfa metrics port to 9093. Now, once we've got them enabled, we need to create services for both Felix and Tyfa for Prometheus to discover those endpoints. So let's take a look at the Felix service that we're going to create. So you can see that it's of kind service. It's called FelixMetricsSVC. It's in the Calico system namespace and the label is K8SAP Calico Felix. We've also specified the metrics port to be 1991 and that's the TCP port that Prometheus is going to scrape to get those metrics. So let's now apply that. Let's now take a look at the Tyfa metrics. Oops, sorry. Let's now take a look at the Tyfa service that we're going to create. Again, it's of kind service. We're calling it Tyfa MetricsSVC in the Calico system namespace. The label is K8SAP Tyfa Metrics and again, we specify the metric port as 1993. So let's apply that also. Now, with those services created, we're ready to grab metrics from those endpoints. Let's take a quick look at the services in the Calico system namespace. And we can see that we've got both FelixMetrics and Tyfa Metrics and notice that their cluster IP type, but they've got no IP addresses. We're not really using them from a networking perspective. We're really just using them so that we can discover the endpoints. And we can see that it's 1991 and 1993. Notice the CalicoCube controller metrics is already exposing the metrics TCP port. So we don't need to do anything there. If we run a show labels, we can also see the labels that the service monitor is going to reference to pick up those endpoints. So now that we've created the services we've enabled the metrics, let's create the service monitors. So let's take a look. So here's the Felix service monitor. We can see that it's called Felix service monitor. It's in the monitoring namespace. And what it's doing is it's selecting the Calico system namespace and then it's selecting a service based on this label. And we can see here that that is going to be the same as this. Now something to be aware of here is this label up here, the Release Prometheus stack. When we create these service monitors and we're creating them in the monitoring namespace, it's this label that's telling Prometheus that it can use this service monitor and the information within the service monitor to grab new targets. So let's apply this. Now if we take a look at the other service monitors, we'll see they're very similar. So look at Tyfa. So again, it's a service monitor. Again, we've got the Release Prometheus stack, which tells Prometheus that it can use a service monitor. It's called Tyfa service monitor deployed in the monitoring namespace. We're looking at the Calico system namespace and we're selecting K8s Tyfa metrics, which is indeed the label for this monitor that we created. So let's apply that too. And finally, let's take a look at the cube controllers. Again, it's a service monitor. Again, we've got the Release Prometheus stack. We're calling a Calico cube controllers monitor in the monitoring namespace. We're matching the Calico system namespace and here we're matching K8s at Calico cube controllers, which is the same as this label for this service. Let's apply that. Now with that done, we should be able to take a look at Prometheus targets and just see if they've been spotted. Now this can take a few seconds. We can already see that we've got the Felix service monitor. Now we've got the Tyfa service monitor. It might take a few more minutes for the cube controller service monitor to appear, so let's just wait. After a few seconds, we now see the Calico cube controllers monitors. So that's everything now. We can expand these. We can see that they're up. And if we were to take a look at these IP addresses, these IP addresses are going to be the pods that Prometheus is scraping. So that service has shown Prometheus what the endpoints are, what the pods are, and then Prometheus is scraping those pods on that TCP port. To be able to visualize these metrics in Grafana, we need to create a dashboard. We can, of course, create any dashboard you want with the metrics that have been exposed, but for this video, we will create a Felix dashboard based on what is provided in the Project Calico docs site. If we navigate to this URL, we can see a Felix dashboard.json. That is all the configuration needed to create a default Felix dashboard in Grafana. So all we really need to do is copy all of this information and then change the data sources, because in this example, the data source is just specified as Grafana. We need to specify it for our Prometheus and our Grafana instance. So all we need to do is change data source Grafana to data source type data source in UID Grafana. So we'll replace all. And then we can find another data source that references Calico demo Prometheus, which, of course, is not referencing our Prometheus installation. So let's also change that. So to change that, we just need to change this. Copy that. So now we're changing anywhere where it says data source Calico demo Prometheus to data source type Prometheus UID Prometheus, and we replace all of them. Now we simply just need to copy this, go to our dashboards, import. Here I can just paste the JSON that I have. Of course, you could save it and upload it. I'll just load it in here. You can see that it gives a name Calico Felix dashboard. And then when I import it, we'll immediately get all of the metrics that we need. So to recap what we went over in this video, we first deployed both Calico OSS and the Prometheus stack using Helm. We then exposed Prometheus and Grafana's UIs using an Ingress. We created services for both Calico node and Calico Typhand. Remember the Calico Q controller service was already created. And then these services were referenced by the service monitors that we also created to tell Prometheus how to discover the Calico endpoints it needed to scrape. We verified the targets were discovered correctly in Prometheus. And then we created a dashboard for Felix exposed metrics based on a default dashboard provided in the project Calico dock site. I hope this video has been helpful and we look forward to seeing you in future videos.