time. So today's video, we are going to check out a brand new product and do an install. So let me show you what we got. Super E and what this is is a third brake light for frostbite. We're gonna be replacing the factory third brake light that I personally painted years ago actually. We painted my factory one black. Well today we're gonna replace it with one that really looks cool and very very affordable. Super E has a awesome third brake light that does two things. Actually three things.  That's why I painted mine. Two it has LED strip for your cargo lights so it'll have a it'll have a white LED strip for your cargo lights when you flip on the cargo light and then it has a strip of red LEDs for the actual brake light.  Test it see what it looks like. Let's get it unboxed. A couple cards in here. There is contact information if you have any issues. Email, phone number that sort of thing. So that right there is pretty badass. So if you have an issue you actually have a phone number to call to be able to get a hold of somebody. But I don't believe we're gonna have any issues as these things look very cool. As these things look like they're made very well and has some very good reviews. So anyway here is the brake light. This is a direct replacement for the factory. Plug and play. Bolts right on and it comes with a new gasket already installed which is nice so you don't have to worry about trying to get a new gasket or any of that mess. Already on there for you.  So now let's get this protective cover off so you guys can really see what it looks like. Here we go. Very nice and dark. Like I said this is the tinted lens and it has a very nice clean dark appearance. You can see the LED strips inside of it and again there's a row of two LED strips. One will be white for the cargo lights. One will be red for the brake lights. So enough gibber jabbering. Let's get my old one off get this one on test it out so you guys can see what it looks like. So as you can see this is my factory one and this is the one that I painted and I actually painted the entire thing that's why it looks so dark. I have to admit you know I do like this it's nice and dark but the visibility and the light that comes out of this is pretty minimal so I wouldn't say it functions very well but it does look cool. Anywho we're gonna get this guy off we're gonna install one that will actually have a dark appearance like this but will also function.  So let's get to it. Once you remove the two Phillips head screws you'll be able to pull the third brake light out and you'll have a electrical connector that plugs into the cab's harness so you'll unplug that and then your third brake light will come out. The old one is completely off and again that is what my old one looked like when I painted it and this is the new Super-E third brake light. So the new one we're gonna install this is my old one as you can see the Super-E third brake light is very dark but it'll function and you'll have lots of light actually get through this compared to what this one was like and again no modifications needed simply plug right into your factory harness and screw it back down and you're good to go. Alright so we're gonna plug this guy in simple snap in right there tuck the wire back here in the cab and up the holes and it looks good wipe these fingerprints off real quick slicker than six kinds of snot guys that looks clean. Alright moment of truth let's see what this thing looks like let's go put some lights on we're gonna move this camera back here in the very back so we can see these LEDs a little bit better there we go turn the cargo lights on first don't know if the camera is doing much justice there let me try to get a different angle but man that looks freaking awesome that is the LEDs for the cargo lights and they are bright heck yeah all right now we're gonna hit the brake pedal turn off the cargo lights I can see them beating off the grip. Heck yeah I can barely see from over here I wish I had somebody to press a brake pedal for me but I can tell they are definitely bright that's for sure. Heck yeah guys that right there is bad to the bone when you unlock the truck or the lights on the actual truck comes active the white LEDs will light up that definitely looks cool and the white LEDs will actually go dim when you have the key on try to get another angle here with the brake lights definitely pretty neat definitely dark looks clean definitely gonna give this modification a thumbs up 30 bucks looks good the lights are very bright and best of all it just looks good and it works so there you have it guys supery third brake light installed on frostbite I'm happy it looks clean the lights are very bright the red LEDs for the brake light is super bright the cargo light is much brighter than the stock bulbs especially in my application because I painted over it all to make it dark but bolts right in fits like a glove plugs in super super simple modification to do $30 on Amazon the link for that third brake light will be in the description of this video so if you're interested in one click on the description link is right there also this is the car that they send you with the third brake light and it has information on it like email phone number if you have issues that sort of thing so definitely legit company and they make lots of products they got all kind of HID stuff bulbs lights lots of Jeep stuff lots and lots of stuff go check them out I'm curious not sure if they offer any headlights and brake lights for the rim trucks yet but I'm gonna go check it out because I'm kind of interested in some tail lights for frostbite because as you guys know the rear tail lights on the truck right now is also painted like I did the third brake light so if I could get a set of lights that look like that third brake light I think that would be absolutely awesome so other than that guys as always stay safe out there don't forget to hit that subscribe button and we'll see you guys on the next one peace


Welcome to American Issues, Take One. I'm Tim Apachele, your host. And today, you know, coming up August 13th, the State of Hawaii will be holding its party's primary elections. And giving that, it's my esteem pleasure to announce our distinguished guest on today's show, gubernatorial candidate, Vicky Cayetano. And today we're gonna discuss four national issues that will impact the State of Hawaii. And those issues are, climate change, the economy, which of course we have to include inflation. Roe v. Wade, the law reversal by the Supreme Court. And last but not least, the January 6th House Committee hearings. So without further ado, I'd like to introduce our guests. Today I have with my co-host, Jay Fidel. As mentioned, our distinguished guest, Vicky Cayetano, and as always, our valued contributor, Cynthia Lee Sinclair. Good morning, everyone. Good morning, too. Aloha. Good to see everyone. Jay, to you, actually in the paper today, Mayor Blangiardi mentioned his housing announcement, but we also had information about climate change. And that is a major concern here on the North Shore where houses are slipping into the water. And Molakai is experiencing extreme climate change. What is Hawaii to do with these items? What are we to do with that? Are you asking me? Cause I like to ask Vicky, but my preparatory remarks on it are this. A lot of people say, what can we do in Hawaii? We're so small, we're so tiny. We're in the middle of the ocean, if we have solar on our roof or not, that's not going to affect global climate change. And so that argument has some punch to it. And we have to get around that. We have to actually commit to a global effort at solving climate change, not only because our houses are slipping off and we're having sea level rise and all that, but because we have to collaborate in an international or global effort, we have to feel like we're part of the world. And so a lot of people in Hawaii that are into the mode of backwater, we don't know, we don't care, we bury our head in the sand. But this issue affects everyone on the planet and ultimately it's life and death for a lot of people on the planet. And therefore the people in Hawaii have to take it very seriously, not only to protect their houses slipping into the ocean, which we can do something about, but also to contribute to the global effort against climate change. But Vicki, let me ask you, you're running for governor. Part of the governor is to look over the water, to look to the mainland US, to look to Asia, Latin America, Europe, everywhere, and be part of a global community. And some people don't agree with that. I wonder how you feel about it and what you feel we can do affirmatively to deal with climate change here as it affects us by sea level rise and also by extreme weather, which is coming, and also to participate in the global challenge of dealing with an existential threat to humanity. What do you think? Well, first of all, thank you for having me on. And what you said is absolutely correct. I feel that sometimes, just because we're here in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, we live in a bubble and we're not as tuned in to what's happening around the world that does affect Hawaii. And we are part of an international community, part of the United States. We cannot just be sheltered here and think that nothing's going to affect us. Climate change impacts us, as you said, not so much in terms of how we affect the rest of the world, but what's happening to us. We need to build climate resiliency. You see it in the North Shore, on the North Shore already, the homes going down. And it seems to me that leadership just doesn't seem to tackle it with the kind of urgency that it needs and how important it is. So one example, I don't know if you just read today in Civil Beat, I find it just incredible that we are the only state in this country that has not tapped into a decades-old FEMA program designed to help relocate people in flood zones. And yet, here we are, the facts are there. We are impacted by threatened, threatened up by 6,500 structures are at risk, 20, almost 26,000 acres of land, 38 miles of major roads, 550 cultural sites, and at least 19 billion in assets. Those are the facts. And yet Hawaii is the only state not even participating in FEMA's buyout program that's geared at relocating people out of these communities. I mean, does that make sense? So to me as governor, one of the most important things is to not only identify the needs with urgency, but to be resourceful, to be able to prioritize and to support what needs to get done. It's easy to say we're going to address climate change, but how? The details.  That's one of the first things I think we need to have those challenging conversations about, but put in place a plan to relocate those homes and talk to those communities that are going to be impacted. And granted, there will be people who absolutely come out opposing it, but this has to get done. And to also look at how we relocate the highways around those areas. Vicki, I read that article as well. It was a fascinating article. And one of the things they did cite was that Hawaii does not have the same national building code standards, specifically the Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule. How effective do you think the state would be if you were governor to work cooperatively with the city and county of Honolulu to basically unify those building codes so that FEMA could help out Hawaii a lot easier if we're all on the same page as far as building codes? Exactly. On every island, but in particular, of course, Oahu, I would work with the mayors in the county because it makes all the sense in the world to unify and to simplify and be consistent in what we do. Fortunate that Mayor Rick Blanchiardi and I have a very strong relationship. You may know that I supported him, was his co-chair. He's 10 years older than me. So we always joke that for us, both our jobs, this is not a stepping stone for another position. This is it. And so we want to leave a legacy of significance, of having made a difference. So we would work together to tackle exactly what you just said. And I think I know it can be done. Okay, great. Cynthia. Okay, well, we've talked a lot about the climate change. And so the sort of kind of leads into economy too. So I don't want to step the wrong way, but tourism has a big impact on our climate, ability to, I mean, we have just more people. We're using more water. And yet it's such an integral part of our economy too. So how, do you have any ideas on how we might be able to thread that needle a little bit better and encourage the tourism industry to encourage our awareness and respect for all of these notes. So quickly going away things. And so climate is really making its way known here. So how would you, I guess, involve the tourists that come here when they first get here to maybe raise their awareness on how they can help also? So I'm a big believer in, as you say, participation. No one person, no government can be successful without getting others involved. And whether it's eight or nine million tourists, we need to manage the tourists coming into Hawaii. I think that one, what we can do is look at raising some revenue for conservation efforts by looking at the places they go to, whether it's Anama Bay, whether it's any of the parks. We can look at doing that. I know that some people have talked about a green fee that comes in, but we really have to look at the constitutionality of being able to impose that. But you can do it by the attractions or the visitor places that they go to. I do think we need to work with the hotel industry to hold more accountability in terms of the precious resources that they use. Right now there is no mechanism whatsoever for how we track the usage. And these are major users, consumers, in large of all these resources, whether it's utility, water, wastewater. So I believe, if I'm the next governor, as I want to be, you're as your governor, I would convene with the visitor industry to start putting in place mechanisms where we can track the utilization of these precious resources so that they'll be a partner to all this in working with the visitors that come through. Tim, can I jump in and connect up two of the things we've been talking about? One is environment and climate change and the other is the economy.  We may not have a good year every year and hospitality may not carry us through on this sort of thing. And when you talk about these various priorities, including especially priorities that people don't think of all the time, like climate change, you are talking about money, you are talking about which one goes to the top of the heap and the bottom of the heap in terms of spending the money. If you only have a limited amount of money in a given year, you have hard priority choices. And it opens the question of diversification. The state could be, in my view, more profitable. There could be more money that the citizens of the state earn that the economy has flowing through it and thus more tax money going to the state government. What are your thoughts about diversifying into, for example, technology or anything else in order to improve our economy so we can handle these costly priorities? You know, I feel that one of the best traits I bring as governor is the fact that I started as an entrepreneur. So entrepreneurs look for opportunities, create them. You know, I was reading the book by Howard Schultz of Starbucks. And when he started, everybody was like laughing, who's gonna pay that kind of money for coffee? But what he said was, it's not the coffee, it's the experience, that's the vision. And so there are opportunities for us, but I think one of the first things we have to do is create an environment that attracts businesses either organically here to grow or to bring them from elsewhere. When you have a government that almost creates obstacles for you, challenges to even start a business in Hawaii, what kind of incentive is there? But there really is. Our healthcare industry, for example, especially on the neighbor island, it's already at a crisis mode. You know, why can't Hawaii be the healthcare of the Pacific? Why do people from Japan fly over us to go to UCLA or Stanford for medical treatment? Why can't Hawaii Island be a holistic center? Many opportunities, but we need to have that vision and the ability to collaborate with the legislature, with the private sector to create, to make these things happen. And we've got to tackle the regulatory process that makes it so difficult for businesses to even start in Hawaii. That's the business environment that we're known for, the reputation we have. And it's really not conducive to bringing any kind of business. So you wanna diversify, talk first about being attractive for business people to come. Yeah, thank you. I like to stay on the economy point, looking at a macro economy, looking at supply and demand issues. It just seems to me that Hawaii is the place where there's an endless stream of demand. Everyone in the world would love to live in Hawaii. And how do we balance that demand with the finite resources Hawaii has to offer? At what point does the demand, and I think we're already there, exceed supply of housing, exceed the environment, exceed all sorts of accommodations for tourists. Where's the balance point for the demand versus our infinite supply of resources? For me, governing life is all about balance. Success is about bringing that balance together. And right now our government is not balanced. The power structure serves is designed to cater to special interests and big business. Small business as an example is always an afterthought. There's no support for small business. They struggle every day just to make it. And you read every day how many are closing. Just imagine a Hawaii where it's strictly corporate retail, corporate business. That's not the Hawaii we know. So one of the things I would do as governor is really work to bring that balance to support small business with a lower tax structure than big businesses and to create a small business office to help them navigate through the myriad of permits and requirements so that they can thrive and grow to a certain level so that they can be more sustainable. The economy is going to have a downturn. It's not if, it's just when because everything's in cycles. And you have to support them to a point where they can sustain those kinds of downturns. And that brings balance when you have both, you know. Yeah, let me just echo what you said. We're here to examine gubernatorial thinking about issues on the mainland. And one of the issues on the mainland for sure is all these prognostications about how we may be into a recession or we will be having a recession. And who knows what kind of telekiya they will have on the mainland that will affect Hawaii. I mean, how worried are you that if the economy in the mainland goes down, terrorism will go down and therefore our economy will go down. And what can be done? You kind of answered this already. What can be done to make us more resilient against either a national or global recession? We know what we have to do long-term. The biggest challenge is going to be what we do in the short-term to immediately mitigate the impact of a looming recession. You know, I don't think a lot of people realize or talk about it, but when federal funding dries up, Hawaii is gonna be in a much more precarious position. And that is what I'm concerned about towards the end of 2023, 2024. So we need to one, not put all our eggs in the basket of tourism, which is what we're currently doing. We need to wean ourselves off that, create more diversity in our economy so that we're not just looking at one. This is why COVID hit us so badly. Of all the states in the country, we're probably the first or second state most impacted negatively because we had everything into tourism. So we must learn from that and start building the path to having more diversification. But that's not gonna happen overnight but we've got to start. Agriculture, look at all the resources here. And, you know, 28 years ago, the government formed, the state government formed agribusiness development corp designed to help farmers transition from pineapple sugar to new crops. 28 years later, millions of dollars spent. Where are we? What has that agency done? And now I hear this year that they're going to move it from Department of Ag, which is what they're supposed to serve, into Department of Business Economic Development Tourism. Maybe a good move, but as governor, I would ask why. I certainly hope it's not because a ineffective agency is just being tossed around like a hot potato. We need to tackle the problems. So government spends a lot of money, but in my mind, there's not enough transparency, accountability, and collaboration to really make it effective. But agriculture, film industry, digital media, IT, anything IT can be done anywhere in the world. This is the kind of stuff that Hawaii should be optimizing on. You know, I don't think we'll ever do manufacturing just because of the location of Hawaii. The shipping, look at Kings Bakery. They move to the mainland.  So, but we can invest in these that also provide higher paying jobs that the next generation is more interested in than just doing service industry. Okay. Cynthia, question on the economy. So in both the economy is housing issues here in Hawaii that are so bad. And the number one thing that's happening is no people are coming from the mainland. They're buying up stuff and selling it for more and just pricing all of us out of even being able to afford it, especially renters are really having issues with that. And do you have any plans and ideas on how you could help with that issue? Because so many of our local families are having to leave because they can't afford to live here anymore. And housing is a big part of that. How, I know you've talked about that a lot. So what are some of your specific things that you would like to do to try to address that issue? So Cynthia, that's a good question because while in my affordable housing plan, my three components of rent to own designated workforce housing for teachers, healthcare personnel, first responders. And the third is affordable rental. The big question, like you said, is how do we designate them for locals? Even if we're, and I'm actually working with some folks who specialize in that kind of law, but even if we can do that, knowing how people are, they can easily get a local person to put their name on it. And this is the challenge we have because at the end of the day, if we don't make sure that this program is targeted for locals to keep them here and to bring them back here, then we failed. But I will say that I think one of the most important things is to address Department of Hawaiian Homelands, the promise to the homesteaders waiting for decades. I applaud the legislature for allocating 600 million, but how are they gonna spend it? I wanna make sure one, there's three years to do it. If you don't tackle some of the underlying bureaucracy, I question whether they'll be able to really get it done. Two, whenever there's a lot of money, there's also people who look to profit from it. You read about the affordable housing, the four people indicted on the big island for a corruption on that. So we need to put in place systems of accountability and transparency. Otherwise, I'm not sure that all 600 million is gonna be spent for the right reasons. I'd like to stay on that. If I may have one sort of follow-up question for that, if that's okay. In regards to real estate and the laws governing some of the real estate issues, I know a long time ago, it used to be that if you bought a house, you couldn't sell it right away. And a lot of I think the issues that are happening are all this house flipping stuff, right? I think that's our biggest problem. Do you see any ideas or have any ideas on how to address, trying to put a cap on some of that house flipping stuff that happens and is part of why we have that unaffordability that's happening here? That's a very good point. Makes a lot of sense. And I certainly think that is something that we should look at to see if we can do that legally. I'd like to tag on to Cynthia's last question. That is nationwide inventory of housing is, it's short, it's tight. And therefore housing prices are going up, rents are going up. And it looks like a lot of jurisdictions either in their legislature or in their city hall committees, they've passed a lot of laws that were well-meaning to help renters. But in effect, what they've done is they've alienated landlords to the point where landlords are either selling their properties or they're just not renting them out, thereby reducing the inventory of rentals for residents. You see that as an example, or they have the first knock-law or whoever knocks on the door first is guaranteed that rental, no matter who they are. Or secondly, no credit background or criminal background checks. Those are laws that have been passed. And as a result, landlords have got up, they're small business owners, they've gotten very upset and most of them have just sold off their inventory. And now it's increased the problem for those jurisdictions. How would you work or how would you balance what's passed in the legislature to make sure that we don't have that type of effect where we're meaning to help renters, but in the end we've heard them because the inventory has dried up. So many of these, as you say, well-intentioned ideas come about as a response to a problem. But what a lot of lawmakers fail to realize is that making this decision here impacts another decision there. And it's all connected together. One of the things I think that legislators do well is they have new ideas and I applaud them for that. What they don't do well is they fail to realize the impact of one decision to the rest of the picture. You know, I'm told that if I have the privilege of being the next governor, I'm the first governor that comes with a business background. And I think that brings a lot of experience and understanding organizationally how everything works. I think that's really important. So I was just talking to someone in DLNR and they were talking about the protection for whole noobs, which is great, you know, I'm a big animal lover. However, what's happening is they've now become so, have grown so much in abundance that they're eating all of the lemus off the reefs, which is now hindering other fisheries to thrive. And so it's like one thing impacts another. So well-intentioned ideas, but we need the experience and the wisdom of a leader who understands how it's all connected together. But what you just brought up is an example of something that would not work. And to extreme, I would argue, we need to bring everything to a little bit more into the center. Okay, thank you. Tim, I'd like to move to some of the more troublesome issues on the mainland politically. We have the Supreme Court that has ruled against Roe v. Wade, a lot of criticism against them, but that decision dobs it was. And at the same time, in a very similar fashion, they have ruled against gun control. Now, it's not like everybody in Hawaii is a Democrat. That's not really true. There are some Republicans here and then there are some Republicans who would like to go to the legislature and stop efforts to protect abortion, to protect gay marriage, and to protect our laws on gun control, which are obviously in flux on the mainland in many states that a day doesn't go by when we don't hear about some state turning red, so to speak, on these issues. As governor, you have a certain amount of bully pulpit on that. What are your thoughts about preventing these negative decisions from having effect to undermine the erstwhile liberal approach that Hawaii has taken since and even before a statehood? So I believe with the Roe v. Wade, now that that has been turned over to the states, a state like Hawaii, where really I believe the majority of the people still believe in the right that a woman has to choose, the reproductive right. With that said, I think that something I would consider working with the legislature on is to have a constitutional amendment so that it's written into the constitution. While, yes, right now the way the makeup is of our public servants, the majority of them favor it, but that can change, right? Look at this, 50 years later, did we ever think the United States Supreme Court would overturn this? So that to me is something we should look at doing. And the other thing I think we need to have the foresight to do is also to protect the healthcare personnel who provide services to women who come from states where they prohibit abortions because who knows what they're going to do in terms of trying to sue the states that provide these services. So we want to protect our healthcare personnel as they perform these services. But I think the other thing we need to take care of in our own backyard is having access because while you may have the right, if you don't have access, especially in certain areas in the neighbor islands and rural areas and almost always it's those who are underserved, those women, we need to make sure that they have access as well as the right to make their choices. Otherwise, it's meaningless. And I go to one other point to Tim before we run out of time, and that is the insurrection. And when I say insurrection, I mean the most profound threat to democracy in our lifetimes, in fact, in the history of the country. And that is, at an inflection point, there are people in this country that would like to take steps that would completely undermine our democracy, our notion of representative government, even as we speak. Do you think about that? And what, if anything, can you do as governor to preserve our democracy, to preserve the, may I say, the union, the country itself from some of the things that are happening on the mainland? So I feel very strongly in the word accountability. And to me, everything that I've seen as to what happened January 6th, frankly, the former president was involved. And to me, doesn't matter what title you hold, if you're guilty of insurrection, you need to be charged accordingly. I also think as governor, so accountability to me is a very important thing that we should impose on people, but especially on leaders. One diplomat also said about America, that this is now two different worlds coexisting, but they're not talking to each other. And as governor, to me, that's really important that we need to have these conversations. I will not shy away from the challenging conversation about the 30 meter telescope, okay? Or about managing tourism. We need to have those conversations. And we need to stop labeling people by party that red is bad, blue is good, or vice versa. We all want what's best for Hawaii. We may have differences in how we think we get there, but we need to talk about it together and believe that we will work through this, but not avoid those difficult conversations. I'm a unifier, not a divider. Alrighty. Very important in our time, very important. Very much so. Unfortunately, we have run out of time. And so, like all shows, there's just not enough time. But I would like to thank our distinguished guest, gubernatorial candidate, Vicky Cayetano, for joining us and sharing her thoughts. And I wish you well on August 13th. I'd like to thank my co-host, Jay Fidel, and as always, Cynthia, Lisa and Claire. Thank you for attending and joining us on American Issues Take One. Join us next week. And until then, I'm Tim Apichel, your host. Aloha. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. 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So another concept that's usable to discuss in the relationship between volume and flow is a concept called residence time. So if we're considering sort of a large, maybe a conceptual volume, for in this case, the water that's in the atmosphere, the water that's in the entire atmosphere, we have ways of estimating what that's going to be. And I'm going to go ahead and give that. There's a volume associated with that. And I'll use one value here of 1.3 times 10 to the 13th cubic meters. That's an estimate about all the water that's in the atmosphere, on average, at any one time, around the entire Earth. So if we think about that, the water that's there is always changing, because at any one time, you have some water that's being evaporated and added to the water in the atmosphere, and you have a flow out of precipitation. So here's our flow due to precipitation, and here's our flow in due to evaporation and other similar sources. So that's changing the water in the atmosphere on a regular basis. So the amount of time that it takes a system that is an equilibrium to exchange all of the water that's inside. It's kind of like our filling up the pool. All right, when we filled up the kiddie pool, we assumed it went from 0 to the full volume. Well, the amount of time that it takes to exchange all the water in the atmosphere is something known as residence time. And in this case, we can reverse our definition. Remember our definition here, that flow is equal to the change in volume over the change in time. Well, if we do a little algebra, the residence time is equal to that change in volume, basically the entire volume, divided by the flow. But in this case, it's not the net flow. It's either the flow in or the flow out. You can think about it as emptying the entire thing and then refilling it. So this is the flow of either in or out, because they're equilibrium. We'll go ahead and say q out, since that's the one we happened to have measured in this case. So if we have a value here for the amount of precipitation, we can make estimates here that the amount of precipitation over the entire planet has a rate of, let's see here, 5.18. 5.18 times 10 to the 14th meters cubed per year. Notice this seems a little strange. This number here is bigger than the overall volume of the atmosphere, which means the amount that it rains in a year is more than the atmosphere can store. Well, it might seem a little strange at first, but then you can sort of think about this, that it doesn't all happen at the same time. It happens over the course of the year. So this number would be smaller if we divide it by 12 and talk about the rate per month. It would be even smaller if we talk about the rate per day. So the relative values of these volumes is actually not particularly important, because a lot of it depends on the time frame and the unit that we're using there. So let's go ahead and calculate the residence time. How long does water, on average, stay in the atmosphere? Well, if I plug in the two values here, take the volume of 1.3 times 10 to the 13th meters cubed. That's the change in volume if I want to change all the water in the atmosphere out. And I divide that by my flow out, in this case, the precipitation of 5.18 times 10 to the 14th meters cubed per year. Notice the meters cubed is going to cancel out, and the unit in years being in the denominator of the denominator will move up to the numerator. And we'll get an answer in years. OK? Well, that answer ends up being the time, the residence time here ends up being 0.025 years. If I decide I would like to convert that, we notice there are 365 days, roughly in one year. And we get an answer of about 9.2 days.  Now, that's not true of everything. There are some water molecules or water droplets that could stay up there for extended periods of time. And there are some that could evaporate and almost immediately condense and precipitate again. OK? But in general, your average time spent, the average amount of time you spent in the atmosphere is about 9.2 days. That's another example of the relationship between volume and flow.


Hey guys, so after much Questions and comments, I am going to share some of my thoughts on this bag So the original pattern for this bag is called a sew together bag by SewDemented and I will link it in the description below I'm not going to give you full instructions because that's not fair to the creator of the pattern But I do have a document of notes that state how to make this version because this is an enlarged bigger version Of the original bags only about I don't know two-thirds maybe of this size. It also doesn't have These zippers like this. I think the zippers only stop about here Which means when you open the bag it only opens like this now I really wanted the bank to open all the way so right away I saw a hack from someone else and I don't honestly remember who but it said to extend the zipper all the way around and Attach it down here, and if you do that then the bag opens Flat we'll talk about mine. Why mine doesn't in a minute, but if you do that then the bag opens flat like this There we go Which is much more handy now is originally designed for a sewing notions bag But I read away knew it would be applicable and useful for a number of different things I really wanted it for a daily drawing bag downstairs, although I have an art big art room upstairs I do a fair amount of daily drawing and writing downstairs at night after dinner And so I don't want to have to drag stuff all over creation in my house So I wanted a bag of a minimal amount of things To work with downstairs that could just live downstairs, and this has worked really well The problem for me with this bag is that when company comes over I usually have so much stuff in it Although I do try to keep it at a minimum that I just I can't get it closed all the way I actually had to empty it to get it for this video right now because there was just no way It was going to close all the way I So I made the pattern bigger and again It what I did to make it bigger are in the notes and the document which is linked below for you all I Staggered the height of the pockets rather than having them all be at the same height and I put pen loops With elastic on the front of each pocket Before I sewed the pockets together as part of the assembly of the pockets when you get to the point where you're Attaching the zipper and the lining the next thing I did was put a decorative strip of fabric here and then pen loops on Each each pocket has about 12 pen loops and I also put two buttons back here and then two elastic bands on this back part and that makes It so this back part doesn't lie flat and It creates sort of a fourth pocket for which usually I have my journals in and the front part is a landing pad for things like my eyeglasses So that up until now has worked really well But now it's time to make a different kind of bag because when company comes over I just can't I can't do this it won't close and even if it when it does close I would like something that I can just grab with maybe handles and put on the floor or put in the closet Otherwise it's on the couch next to me and again when company comes over that's inconvenient because then there's one less place for people to sit I Don't need it to close completely like this one does because I never take this bag traveling This is not a travel bag for me When I'm traveling I do like something that closes completely because I'm a germaphobe before the pandemic So that's a thing I also wouldn't want to take a chance of losing like my favorite ballpoint pen or anything Although that's funny because it's a big crystal, but anyway So It doesn't need to close all the way and I kind of would like something I could just like zip straight up with handles so I decided to redesign the bag and I've got it almost done and We are gonna cut away some clips of how I did this and what I've done and How I've gotten to the point where I'm at right now and we're ready to finish the bag right about here Hey guys Can you see me? Oh cow? Can't even tell yeah, there we go. I know this is a weird camera angle And I apologize for that, but it's the best angle to see What's on the table and that's the most important thing so I decided to redesign my sew together bag to be Something that was more like an open top top tote that's still opened flat or mostly flat at least on one side Aka the front what I'm going to call the front side But that permanently stayed straight up on the back side where the journals are going to be and then when a company came Over I could just zip the sides up Do a couple buttons or snaps and lift it up by the handles. So I'll explain what these are in just a minute This is the base for my new bag so up until this point It's the same basic bag as a sew together bag and again I am going to list the pattern in the description below along with my notes for my Original enlargement of said pattern. I also in my notes have a video link She has a series of videos on how to assemble the bag that is a really helpful if you watch before you get started When I started working on this tote bag version Up until this point again, it was the same basic bag. I the addition being I added this pocket This will be the front side and I added these pockets because I have usually like jelly roll pens and stuff That I use that aren't going to fit up here necessarily and I want this additional pocket for pen space And then when it closes up the it'll be like this The sides will zip and there'll be two handles and I can just lift it up and put it Next to the sofa on the floor or in a closet when company comes over Which you know right now it's COVID so not a lot of companies coming over but our we have a little bubble of people that we see which includes our daughter and son-in-law and You know when they come over and the dog is here she wants to sit on the couch and My drawing bags in the way. So yeah Anyway, I designed these two so what so you get to this point. This is still the basic bag So the next step is going to be attaching a handle Um, so you're going to take the inside which isn't sewn to the outside yet and I'm going to take some of this Strapping material I have this giant roll because I used to do a lot of tote bags for sale for arts and craft shows and Um, I was an artist cooperative space and stuff. So There's a way to do this that will give your bag more strength You could just attach straps to either end but then it's only Being held by here and that's if you have a lot of stuff in your bag and it gets a little bit on the Heaviest side That's a lot of weight to put on just two or four points of stitching If you take your strapping Which we're going to do when we're going to lay it out I'm going to lay it out here on this Um, the outer part of the of the bag Figure out how long I want the straps, which I don't think I wanted them to be very long Make sure they're even ish And cut a piece that's like this like a giant oval Stitch it down here and here That's a lot of stitching places to hold the weight of whatever's in the bag I would stop to sew a square and an x at the top Of both of these long rows of stitching to give it extra holding power I'm going to do that And then I'll talk to you about the sides of the bag Which were those pieces that you saw at the beginning. I'll be back Okay, so we've got our handles on And I didn't sew them all the way from to the top I'm about three inches from the edge because I Really think I want the handles to not be this color. I think I want to cover them with some of the fabric um Nothing wrong with this you could leave them like this I think I want to take the extra step and take some scraps of fabric And I think the blue and I think I want to cover them with fabric So I'm going to measure how long the handle is Not going all the way down the three inches maybe going down one or two inches and make a tube to cover the handle And and then um, I'll be right back. I have some scraps that might just work. So I'll be back Oops to cover the straps need to be about 22 inches. This little scrap was not big enough But I have this little bit left The strapping is about an inch Yeah, it's an inch So I need about two and a half inches And Actually, we're going to use this. How long is this? It's 12. This is 12. So it's at least 24. It's more than that. So that'll work Strips straight and I think I'm going to cut them about three inches. That gives me room to play with Two of those Then we're going to take each one of these pieces Let's close the cover on that so I don't cut myself Um, and we're going to press them About a quarter of an inch to a half an inch on each side And we're going to press it like that and then we're going to press it in flat and half again So that we can At the sewing machine Really easily Just do this and then sew the edge up here Like that All right, so I'm going to get some pressing done I wouldn't I wouldn't press it in more than a quarter of an inch if you want to press it in more than that Then I would cut it wider. All right, I'll I'm going to do that. I'll be back once you have the bias tape edging made Sort of a bias tape ish edging only it's cut on the straight of green because that's what I had anyway So this is what it looks like pressed Unfolded and then I'm taking my strapping I'm lifting up one of the short folded little edges and Wrapping it around the strapping so that when I machine stitch this edge together Oops I say I'm wrapping it around the strapping. I'm tucking it in Make sure I get that one here And then bringing this this way So that when I sew this edge together, there's no chance of any strapping showing I'm using these wonder clips I got asked about these last night They're called wonder clips. They're by the sewing notions company clover And you can get them at any sewing store is going to have them and of course amazon and all of that I would say if you're buying them at a sewing and or craft store If they have coupons get it get it with a coupon They are a tad a little bit pricey, but they work really well and they work For this kind of project sewing project. They work better than Any other kind of clip that you might use binder clips are a bit unwieldy And can be challenging to use for this so They come in two sizes That I know of they may come in more than that. These are the little ones there. There is a really big one Which I have a few of might need to break those out later So anyway, I'm going to get these wrapped And I'm going to get this sewn I have to figure out what I'm going to do with this top edge Because covering the edges in the way the pattern originally says won't work because these straps are in the way I have an idea brewing in the back of my mind, but I think before I do that or do anything with that We'll work on getting the sides attached Which I have to make longer because I made them too short Um for it to open nice and flat the way I want So I am going to get these clips get them sewn and we will move on to the next thing and I'll be right back So we've got our handles on and now my dilemma of course is how to finish the top edge when I finish the bag But before we get to that I'm going to figure that out last if I have to rip end up having to rip the stitches out. That's fine The next thing we need to do is we need to figure out the size So when I cut the sides, they're too short and it doesn't open flat So I'm going to actually add some pieces to the bottom of the sides I have a little bit of zipper and I really want to use all the zipper that I have And actually now that I'm thinking about it sewing the top together Yeah, I think that's actually going to work the way I'm thinking in my head with the handles Anyway, so what we're going to do here is we're going to use some of our scraps And we're going to cut a green strip Like we did with the blue So we're going to cut a green strip and I'm going to sew it here We have this piece of blue that already has some Fusible fleece on it. It's going to go Here I'm going to cut a piece of the floral fabric That'll be sewn to the back side And then everything will get flipped this way And top stitched across across and down To extend out these Sides to the maximum length because I did all this work on the sides because I need Like another like inch at the bottom That's a lot of this is not going to show so it wasn't too concerned how messy my stitching was Um necessarily it's not it's not going to show it's going to be way at the bottom of the bag Um and a lot of it's going to cut off.   I want it to be smooth You don't have to do that. You could pleat it Or take a tuck down here, but I will tell you there's a lot of layers of fabric And batting here on this edge And without this extra piece. This is sometimes difficult to sew So you want to Cut off as much as you can. I think Um, I will try to give you some measurements of what I cut off Um in the meantime our handles are on I've got um The inside pin to the outside I cut off one two three four five About five and a half inches off of the side piece in the back Because it extended like this So that when the bag was open the front would be flat issue. It's not going to be completely flat It's going to be more like that when the when the sides are on But the back would stand relatively upright because I don't need it to open flat because that's where my journals are going to be So I cut that off You're going to want to again play with this and get it pinned and Adjusted to be what you want it to be Right now I'm going to go down all the sides both sides and sew the two pieces together I have the handles tucked in between the layers because I'm not sewing. I'm going to leave this open At least for now till I figure out how to trim it All right, I'm going to get my inside sewn to my outside and I'll be back Okay, once you get the shape of the side piece right And you may have to fiddle with it a little bit then clip it in or pin it in And we are going to sew the sides to the body of the bag now when you do this you need to make sure You've got a good strong sewing machine that you're using a really sharp denim or even maybe an upholstery needle There's a lot of fabric here and some spots are thicker than others. Go slow. Don't rush And um take your time I'm going to go get that done. I'll be back Okay, hopefully I did this right Uh, we'll find out in a minute So I've got the sides sewn on They seem semi even You're gonna it's going to take a lot of manipulation to get this sewn on down here and around the curve and everything you could see there's little Bit of leeway with the pattern piece that I'm going to of course, I've traced the finished size for you The finished size includes the zipper um You have some manipulation room, but hopefully I did it correctly. Let's unzip it and find out You can tuck the sides in like this. There's no spots where I didn't catch the fabric, which is more important so make sure That you caught the fabric everywhere, which I did there's just one actually one little tuck right there And I'm gonna I'm going to just leave it um, so this is our Almost finished bag So that's pretty good I have plenty of room for my journals and my pens and now I'm going to be able to zip it up and move it when company comes over So And I did it again. So I'm going to um, I'm going to what am I going to do? I'm going to Fix the zipper pull Again I'm going to trim the excess seam allowance Around here and then I'm going to iron the trim and then I'm going to be done for the day and I'll work on it Some more tomorrow. So I'll be back So here I am just explaining my thoughts behind how exactly I'm going to finish the top of the bag Which I actually this whole time wasn't exactly sure what I was going to do One of the things I had to do was safety pin the zipper pull to the side of the bag because I kept pulling it off And so that was a problem because there's no zipper pulls or I'm sorry zipper stops on the tops of these Side zippers because I use zipper on a roll. There's no stops on it and I kept pulling it off and it was driving me crazy So if you use the same kind of zipper do yourself a favor And safety pin the zipper pull down to the bottom of the bag while you're finishing it up before you hand So a zipper stop to the top so it doesn't come off Then I have to figure out how to exactly Finish the top of the bag and what my thinking is And there are measurements for exactly how long this zipper is in the notes that are linked in the video description For how long all the zippers are I used a zipper on a roll though The side zippers are about 12 to 14 inches and the inside ones are 14 to 16 I would just do 18 inch zippers Five of them if you buy separate zippers and if you get a zipper on a roll, you just need one roll Anyway for the top of the bag, I need to figure out how to close it And what my thinking is to put a little strip of fabric I don't know what I'm talking about there Um to put a little strip of fabric between in front of the handle on the front and back at the top And then cover it in the green trim around that but before I do that I think I'm just going to go ahead and Trim out the sides seams that you can see here around these sides where the zippers are And deal with it later because I'm not exactly sure at the moment that I was filming this How I was going to accomplish all that not to mention the fact that at this point There's a lot of layers of fabric So go really slow and go very carefully So here I'm just showing you that the front and back Are still loose separate from each other and I need to sew them together, but I need to sew them together around the handles So yeah, I really do think and I do end up taking a piece of the blue And I put it at the base of the handle at the top In the front and the back And I sew that down and flip it down to the inside And then I cover between the handles In the on each side with some of the green And then I take from the outside of the handle to the edge of the top zipper and cover it with the green I also do end up putting a little flap of fabric on the side at the top of the zipper with a buttonhole and a button To just ensure that the sides stay when they're zipped up that they stay closed I ended up hand tacking all of the trim Down around the top After I got it all sewed sewed down And it was a little bit challenging, but I managed just fine and I like the way it turned out I did do my stitching from the outside Because I really wanted the outside to look nice and neat and clean But I tried to be as careful as I could so that it looked decent on the inside too Um, so I did a nice blind stitch on the inside, but when I was sewing the green trim on And these blue little tabs, I did it through all layers of fabric so that when I was done with the trim Not only was the trim all sewn together, but The different layers of the inside and outside of the bag were also sewn together. Does that make sense? Um, so I pinned everything very carefully and Then sewed it all through all layers of fabric and so you're talking about a lot of layers of fabric so go slow use a very sharp denim or upholstery needle and um, Yeah, just take your time, but it worked out just fine I don't know where the audio for this little clip went, but there you have it That's what I'm just hemming and hawing about my thinking about what I'm going to exactly do which Yeah, honestly, I figured all of it out as I was sewing it But it did turn out nice and I do have these little strips of blue at the base of each handle and Then green in between and it turns out real nice, which you'll see in just a minute Okay, I wanted to bring you guys up to date. So I got the edging. Um Around the two sides just like I said, I was going to I machine stitched it with the raw edge towards the open Uh edge of the fabric and then I wrapped it around and hand tacked it down with a blind stitch Um, if you're watching this clip you already saw a little clip of me doing that So I got both sides done now. I'm working on the top. We're almost done. Um, so Because we have the straps here again, normally I would do like I did here and just wrap it around But the straps are in the way So we I took a little piece of the blue fabric And just wrapped it around This side and this side either side of the strap and then I've pinned it together And then we're going to take a piece of the green here And do just like we did here. I'm going to fold over the edge next to the strap on either side though So that's tucked in And then I'll machine stitch it down and then wrap it or probably wrap it around this way and hand stitch it down And then we'll do from here to here Here to here and repeat that on the other side of the bag I think that's how that's going to work Maybe and then we have to do something about tabs Tabs on here. So I want to put like a button Or something I have more of turtle buttons So I'm going to get the top edged and then we'll think about the buttons and I'll be back I just wanted to show you really quick and by the way I'm watching Shannon Greens live in the background between takes while I'm creating the bag So for the piece of green trim that's going to go between the straps on either side This is the piece and I cut it to fit between I made the little blue pieces at the base of the strap a little wider to allow for some You know leverage. I don't have to be exact with my measurements But what I did with a little piece of trim rather than leave the edges raw Was I opened it Pressed it in about a half an inch and then repressed it back again in half Now we're going to stitch this down and then when I go to hand stitch the trim on I'll wrap it all around like that and stitch it down hand stitch it down like I did on the sides And I'll also sew the two little blue pieces to the strap and to each other when I'm doing that also So I'm going to get to it. I'll be back Okay, before we sew this whole mess down, this is what it looks like So I've got a strip Here to the end of the zipper on the side Between and then out from the end of the strap to the zipper on the other side We're going to sew all the way around and sew these down Ideally, I'm going to get right to the bottom of this blue in between but we'll see, you know Or on the stitch line. We'll see what happens. I am going to sew from this front side Um, which is not what I normally do Usually stitch it actually I might want to switch these around and No, I'm going to sew it from this side and I'll flip it over and hand stitch it on the inside That's usually the opposite of what I do for whatever reason, but um Do what works for you, but I'm going to stitch it from this side just because I want Any stitching that's right here to be sort of semi Okay, and not super messy. I don't care if it's messy on the inside But yeah, so We're going to get it stitched down and then get it flipped over and hand tacked and then we'll be back to see what we're going to do For a side button closure at the top And also, um, I was playing with this and pinning it last night and I think I'm going to tack Like right here, I have it pinned but I think I'm going to tack this right here Um, so that when it's open most of the flexibility goes to the front pocket and not any to the back because I don't care if the back Um, doesn't open all the way. I want it to stand up But I want the front To be able to Do this Um, so we're going to hand tack that down plus bonus that'll give me an extra little pocket on each side That's a good thing. All right, I'm going to get that done and I'll be back Okay, you guys I'm so excited. It's done Now I know this video and the the destructions. That's that's a that's a Fred is my husband um The instructions are sort of haphazard. Um at best, but I literally was redesigning the pattern On the fly as we're filming this. I didn't make like a mock-up bag before I started filming This is the bag. It's probably the only one like this I will ever make but if you decide to take the hints and tips and inspiration from this video And make a traditional sew together bag or a large size one like This one Um, or a tote bag. I would love to see and if you would um share what you do Um, um, you can um Tag me in a post on instagram or facebook if you're in one of my art groups on facebook a life of art and self expression Or my creative year. Um, you can tag me in a post there and post pictures there I would love to see what you do if you do a video Like message me the link or email me the link because I'd love to go watch your video and see how you do this But anyway, this is the new bag and I'm I'm going to fill it up on camera So it's all done. I did take and it's not super neat But I did some zigzag on either side of the handle here to just sort of close off the green and Make sure it's really attached to this blue strip Now I could have done it a lot neater, of course, and I could have hand stitched it It would not look nearly so messy But I really just wanted my bag done and I'm okay with this You know at some point if I wanted to put a little decal there or um a um um A yoke fabric yo-yo or um do a little embroidery, you know at some point I I can I'm not super concerned about it though It's really the only thing on the bag. That's like not you know compulsively neat in my opinion But anyway, it's all done I did add a little this little tab with a buttonhole Literally, I got to tell you guys this is the first time and these buttons are a little fiddly because they're shaped like turtles But um, it's gonna hold and it's not gonna come off But this is the first time I've done a machine buttonhole Literally in years maybe a decade or more because I don't really garment construct anymore And when I do I don't do buttonholes like I don't I know I never do buttonholes anymore So I had to sort of to be honest read the instructions instructions and refresh my memory how to do a buttonhole Um, but this just ensures that the zipper is not going to pull open Um, and if it does the two sides aren't going to fall apart I may at some point put an elastic loop on the zipper pull And just like when the zipper is up just wrap it around the button and then button the button just to ensure Um, that the zipper doesn't pull down by itself. But anyway, um, so I did that I love the turtle buttons. I got them Before anybody asks I've had them a long time. I think I got them at Britex in san francisco I think that's where they're from. I did so this part um shut And I put another turtle button right there where I sewed it to just kind of cover up the stitches And that's the back where the journals are going to lay And then this is the front and when it's on the sofa, it's going to be like in that How cute is that we're going to fill it up. I'll be right back. That's it. I love the bag It works perfectly and it's going to be great Easy to to wrap up and pick up when people come over and keep all my stuff contained And also provide me with a nice workspace when I'm downstairs doing my drawing. I love it. Um That's it for today. I'm I'm going to catch up my notes before I post this video live. So the document Um will be linked below which includes the original um Notes on how to make a bigger version of the sew together bag In this size and again, you just want to cut a really long zipper So that you have these two loops on the side and you want to double pull zipper ideally, which is what this is And then you can just pull it all the way open and it lies completely flat. Um If you want to tackle the tote bag, I'm going to Make some notes and measurements on the pattern pieces as I can Along with this video, I'll link it in the document Because there's going to be some stuff that's just I'm not going to be sure how to write it down if you decide to make one of these And or you improve on it at all change the design. I would love to see what you do So please please let me know. Um, I think that's it for right now So if you have questions comments or concerns, leave them down below You can also Email me, of course, and if you're in one of my facebook groups, you can message me over there tag me in a post Um, don't forget to like share and subscribe Stay safe. Stay healthy. Stay creative and go out and do something nice for yourself because you deserve it And I'll see you later Don't forget to support the free content if you can not only on my channel, but all your favorite creatives They all usually have an etsy store or patreon or something So including myself, but so check out the video description for relevant links ways to support and all that jazz And then go out and do something nice for yourself because you deserve it and I'll see you later. Bye guys


So today I thought I'd do something a little different and bring you guys 5 weapons that went from being what people would consider OP to absolute trash.  Also before we go any further for all your gaming needs and I'm at the platform we play on at amazing prices and incredible weekly deals check out G2A linked within the video description. First day guys we take a look or a look back at 5 weapons that were at one time so so good gearbox took it upon themselves to nerf them somewhat into the ground and for the most part most of these weapons have been forgotten about, never recovered and never used again. Now after going through this list if you guys remember a weapon I don't mention be sure to let me know down below in that comments section ok so let's get into the 5 people actually it's 5 plus but yeah let's get into it people. And in at number 5 we have the king and queens cool, the legendary pistols which saw them go from incredible weapons to the weapons that are currently at the moment of being just meh. Now originally the cool jacob pistols which drop exclusively from Tyroon the destroyer the main villain from the original BR3 story, these in the early days were the gold two weapons from many and they both packed an almighty punch, the difference between the two I believe, one being a kings cool, drops offering incendiary and shock while the other queens cool drops offering corrosive radiation and trial, don't fault me on that I ain't used these things in quite some time and I could be mistaken there. So these two pistols were at one stage the very best in the game and we saw many many great builds created where these two pistols were the main things to use, I clearly remember a certain flak build and remember seeing an absolutely mount grave and that's the thing I actually believe this is the reason these two pistols received a nerf because if I'm honest I don't think they were ever overpowered at all, certain builds in this game could make any weapon seem overpowered and I feel many amazing builds would take advantage of these pistols and the benefits they had and it's this which inevitably saw the two receive a nerf. So the king and queens cool had the gearbox nerf them well they dropped the fire rate on them by 50% which when you think about how these weapons work you would have known straight away how much of an effect this would have on the weapons but within the same patch the same patch not struck by gearbox we saw jacob's pistols across the board receive a 15% damage reduction nerf too and this pair of nerfs in my opinion hit these pistols quite hard. Now I know there's still people still out there who still use these weapons to good effect which is great to see but in my opinion they won't ever be the weapons they once were. Okay so I'm moving on and in at number four we have nothing other than the iron cannon so the iron cannon was first introduced with a maxis heist to the handsome jackpot and is an exclusive drop from the fabricator mark 2. So when this weapon actually first arrived many people included myself thought because of the flavor text on it and just in general powerful it was gearbox purposely put this back into the game as a joke to all the nerfs weapons in game received so they added this back into the game due to this and wanted to add back a weapon that seemed OP and to be honest that's exactly what this was as you can see on the screen now this is pre-nerf by the way this thing was incredible it was stupid powerful and it was a guaranteed drop every time you killed the fabricator. The iron cannon quickly became a weapon everyone was using and just tearing everything apart with it now the purpose of this being added back into the game by gearbox for the fun of having something strong in the game in my opinion still stands and I truly believe what they did was on purpose and what they already had adding this into the game was the intentions to eventually nerf it and that's what eventually happened so what gearbox did was they made the iron cannon upon every shot consume at least six ammo per shot but at the same time adding a five-second reload time and what these changes actually did was drastically drop the weapons dps that values to a point of people just not using it anymore I mean looking at it today it's still powerful but to use this over what else is an offer would be just daft and all of this has led in my opinion to the iron cannon being a meh weapon right now one that does deal great damage but at the same time trying to do it efficiently while playing the many aspects this game has in reality is very very poor okay so moving on and in at number three we have a pair of grenades two different families both equally ruined so the two families of grenades nerfed by gearbox with a firestorm and hex variants now the nerfs which come upon these two grenades were again around the time we started seeing some popular grenade builds being created now I will admit the very first grenade we did see which was nerfed out of existence was and rightfully so the pipe bomb this if you do remember was a blue variant which was utterly broken these kind of items I have tried keeping out this list and let's face it the pipe bomb 100% needed toning down it was just crazily overpowered but a firestorm and a hex grenades in my opinion I don't think they were I thought the way in which they were nerfed and the effect that has had on these grenades and the game going forward is still scarring the game right now because if you think about it there really isn't many efficient popular grenade builds which are still running to this day which are 100% based upon those grenades and using them to push throughout the game they kind of all just stopped and ended when the hex and firestorms were in my opinion ruined by gearbox so you are seeing on screen now mainly the firestorm as it was the one I much preferred out of the two and to watch it in action alone was amazing so what gearbox did to these grenades were with the hex variants they reduced damage by 70% and at the same time reduce the duration of grenade down to three seconds I'm sure it was a literally double that prior maybe even more and with the firestorm they also reduced its damage by 70% which in my opinions took all the fun away from using them the firestorm went from literally dropping burning balls of fire to dropping falling clouds of cheeseballs that just tickle enemies okay so moving on and in at number two we have the laiuda sniper rifle now the laiuda was the first weapon I remember besides the king queen's call that everyone wanted that perfect version of and when we saw this thing in action you could understand why the laiuda which is a world drop know that you have seen numerous times farming the game of today and if you don't remember it within these early days you would look upon this thing today and you'd more or less disregard it it's just so so weak to balance I still collect them in hope we may see that spark come back to light so the laiuda in the early days was the most powerful weapon in the game or one of the most powerful weapons in the game his capable dps was scary and the best builds in the game 99% of the time had a laiuda equipped for maximum burst dps but now the laiuda falls into that category of average to below average snipers due to the nerfs applied by gearbox which were base damage reduced by 30% and they also took away what they said was a bogged extra bullet from this weapon shot this is actually what they said the laiuda's functionality is to split the projectiles from one to three after a certain distance it was reported that the original projectile was never destroyed in the process of splitting so one projectile actually became four addressing this concern efficiently removed a full shots worth of damage which auto corrects the base damage of the weapon since we increased all sniper rifle critical bonus damage in a previous hotfix we've reduced some of the critical damage bonus and the laiuda and after these nerfs people the end result is indeed a weapon now nobody uses which is a shame okay so moving on and finally and in my opinion the worst nerfed weapon in the game is nothing other than the flacker now for me the flacker was for sure one of the best weapons in the game but if we are honest with ourselves it wasn't even the best shotgun in the game when it got nerfed people forget about the protuberance which was an epic or even a rare shotgun which was much more capable than the flacker but because the flacker was a popular weapon loads of people used it and well let's be honest mounted all with it gearbox thought this thing needed a nerf and the problem with this nerf to the flacker and basically everything else today is the fact this one hit way worse than anything else we have seen to a point of just taking the weapon I had a question this actually if you do a quick search upset a lot of the playing community at the time and it didn't and I remember saying this at the time it didn't help relations between us as the playing community and gearbox as the developers many people lost faith in their methods of adjusting things and I truly think we are still seeing the effects to this day many people did indeed lose faith many people thought they were purposely taking away the fun and many people even stopped playing I still have friends who cherish borderlands one borderlands two they love this game to start but the changes gearbox made mainly taking away a lot of the fun ruined the experience for them now when saying this I do think borderlands three right now is the best it's ever been but back in the early days changes like the one made to the also popular flacker that ripple effect is still going on to this day the flacker right now is a weapon I haven't seen anyone touch or mention in months and if I'm honest I still think they did indeed make a mistake in a way in which this weapon was nerfed but that's just my opinion the actual nerf they applied to the flacker it consumes a full magazine when fired and the damage was reduced by 33 percent and what I actually think happened was I think they used the flacker as a test to see the community's reaction and then nerfing weapons into the ground because we haven't seen any other weapon been nerfed this hard in the past and let's face it the flacker right now is probably the least of all weapons you take into a fight which is a shame because originally it was an absolute beast but hey it's all just my opinion and there we have it guys five plus weapons gearbox took from being incredible items we all enjoyed using two legendaries quickly forgotten about and now we're just mainly ignored now if you guys remember any other weapon you think gearbox nerfed into the ground let me know down below in that comments section and on that note we have come to the end of the video if you guys enjoyed it leaving a like really helps out if you're new around here want to see more boardlands be sure to subscribe and if you never want to miss a video I upload you can turn notifications on by hitting that bell button well guys thanks as always for stopping by hopefully enjoy the video and hopefully I will see you on that next one


What stood out to you about the way Nestor was thrown? I think today he got back to staying in his delivery and keeping his fastball and cutter lines tight. I think the last couple outings, he started to kind of lose the fastball on the arm side and the cutter shape opened up a little bit. So trying to get him back to control both sides of the plate and really get the ball in. I think he did a really good job of that today. Carter clearly played a huge role in his success. What made that pitch so good this afternoon? I think it's just how tight it stays on the fastball for a long time. And then you kind of get guys indecisive about whether they're going to swing or take. When you think he's going to throw the cutter, he throws the fastball on the plate. And then when you think he's going to throw the fastball, he throws the cutter off the plate. So it kind of puts him in a bind. What did you think you had when you first saw Nestor Cortez and how does that compare to what you've seen over the last year plus? I knew of him just as like a long guy that could fill some innings, throw strikes and kind of pitch to a plan. And over time he's kind of grown in his role and understood what his strengths are and kind of amplified him a little bit. So he's gotten in better shape. He's thrown a little harder. He understands his profiles a little more and his attack plans just get tighter and tighter as he goes. Matt, after those two walks you went out to talk to him, was there something you noticed or there's something you were trying to settle him down with there? More, yeah, just kind of keep him online. He was kind of starting to spill out of his delivery and lose his posture a little bit. And so just make sure he was in a good spot, you know, fatigue-wise and understood kind of who was coming up and what our plan was. Just kind of refocus him and recenter him up a little bit. And how difficult is the decision? Aaron talked about letting him go until he did give up a hit. As you do get into the area where he hasn't thrown that many pitches before in his career, does it become a tougher thing? Yeah, I think that was definitely getting to a point where we were getting a little uncomfortable and knowing if he got through that inning, we're staring at 115, 120 pitches. And I think we were trusting that he was gonna be honest with us about how he felt, but also we were gonna have to make a hard decision at some point, either let him go or pull the plug. Matt, you said this spring you hoped he realized he belonged in this group. Do you think he's realized that and what does that mean for him? Yeah, I think he's coming to terms with that, that he's a major league pitcher and he deserves to go out there and pitch every five days and he gives us a chance to win. And I think just knowing what his strengths are and he's really good at just owning that and going after hitters and he's not scared of the strike zone and that gives him a chance every time. Do you sense a different kind of confidence from him with you? I think it's growing each time out. And we keep giving him opportunities to go deeper and deeper in games. And we've got a really good bullpen in the fact that we thought he was our best option and just let him keep going. I think it should grow his confidence. Why do you think he is embraced? I mean, obviously the results help, but so much by the guys in this room. I think they see that he's authentic and he's himself and he's not trying to be anyone else on the staff and he just goes out and does his thing and he's a good worker, good teammate and he just basically owns his job. So I think that's all we can ask of any of the guys. He said when he was in the minors, he was pitching to not get released every time. How do you balance knowing that he's got a spot here with having to use that as motivation? Yeah, I mean, even in the off season, he'd call and ask if I thought you know, it's like chance of making the team. And I was like, I think you got a shot of making the team. We'll see where it ends up. But I think it's just part of who he's been and kind of just always the underdog and always kind of fighting for a job. And it's probably part of what makes him really good is he's always hungry to get better. And obviously we're giving him some resources to help him with that. And he just taken ownership of it.


Γεια σας! Είμαι Vicky και καλώς ήρθατε! Σήμερα θα δημιουργήσω 8 καρδίδες, εφαρμοποιηθούντας την σχέση Μαρτ, από τα τελευταία μου. Για την πρώτη καρδίδα θα χρησιμοποιήσω το καρδίδιο νιντζα-αμβαίνησης, αλλά πρώτα θα θέλω να δημιουργήσω ένα καρδίδιο. Και για αυτό θα δημιουργήσω αυτή η καρδίδια με τη σχέση μου. Λοιπόν πρώτα θα δημιουργήσω ότι αυτή είναι καρδίδια σχέση μετά την καρδίδια μου. Εγώ θα χρησιμοποιήσω ένας τελευταία σκότστα. Και μετά θα πω στην εξεγένειά και χρησιμοποιήσω ένας γλύτερη σχέση στον πιστό. Λοιπόν, το ένα που χρησιμοποιήσω είναι με το νουβό και είναι αγγλυμμακό σχέσης και αυτό είναι καρδίδιο. Θα θα πω με τη σπατουλά μου, θα είμαι πολύ καλύτερη, για να πάω καλή εμπραγή. Και όλοι θα βρεις έναν πληροχή της όλας όλες τις χρησιμοποιήσεις που χρησιμοποιήσω σήμερα, που έχουν χρησιμοποιήσει στα εξεγένειά, και μετά μεταπράγματα. Λοιπόν, θα φτιάξω μεταχνά μου το νουβό και αυτό δεν είναι αυτοί μετά από όλες τα σκότστα. Αλλά υπέραστα, μπορεί να βλέπετε το πανε, τώρα θα κάνω κάποια θέση. Θα πω μεταχνά μου το νουβό, για να καταλάβω ότι όλα αυτά τη γλύτερη δεν πω εκεί. Και εδώ είναι άλλη ευγεία, είναι ένα τεστ-ραν, που χρησιμοποιησώ τη γλύτερη σχέση στο πιστό, ο οποίος δίνει ένα σύμβολο μέρος, αλλά με τη γλύτερη κομμάτου. Και όταν το παρνάζω, θα προσπαθώ να πω και δουλεύω στον ευκολό μου, έτσι έχω σκοτώσει τα νερά μου εκεί και θα χρησιμοποιώ μεγαλύτερα σκοτώσεις να κάνω κάποια χώρη. Θα έκονασα τα νερά μου αυμακά και θα έδωσα κάποια κομμάτου αυμακά μετά τον ρίμπον, για να σκοτώσει μία καλύτερα μου το μπράγμα μου. Τώρα είναι η ώρα να κομμάσω το νιντζα μου. Θα χρησιμοποιήσω το νιντζα που μεταφέρει. Και μπορείς να δεις ότι αυτό δεν είναι το νιντζα. Πρέπει να προσπαθώ να βρεις το καλύτερο. Και τώρα θα το ρωθώ με το στήρι μου. Και το νιντζα μου είναι έτοιμη να πηγαίνει. Λοιπόν, για αρκετά θα πω ένα βόμι στο τελείο, που είναι πραγματικό σπίτι, που θα δει κάποια κομμάτι και ένα εξαγωγή στο νιντζα μου. Και θα πω στο στήρι μου. Και γιατί δεν μπορούσα να δώσει το καλύτερο, θα προσπαθώ να βρεις κάποια κομμάτι όλα από το νιντζα μου και θα χρησιμοποιήσω το νιντζα μου, που έχει ένα πολύ καλύτερο σπίτι και έχει ένα καλύτερο σπίτι. Αυτό είναι σαν το στήρι του σπίτι, αλλά νιώθω ότι αυτό θα προσπαθώ να βρεις πιο καλύτερο. Τώρα για το μπασίτι, θα χρησιμοποιήσω ένα από το στήρι του σπίτι, που λέει για ένα μπασίτι τελείο, και θα εγγυρίσω ότι σε ένα από τα μπασίτι που είχε been released τίποτε. Έτσι, θα χρησιμοποιώ το μπασίτι με αφήτες και θα χρησιμοποιήσω μόνο το σπίτι. Θα χρησιμοποιήσω το σπίτι μου στον καλύτερο, με Βερσα Μαρκίνγ. Και θα χρησιμοποιήσω ένα βινό και μπωσόνι που θα κάνω να πέρασανε πως όλα τα πάντα είναι καλύτερα. Είμαι μες κυρία και κομμάτι κομμάτια εδώ. Είμαι να βρήξω κάτι σκέψεδο στο τελείο από το σκέψεδο μου και αυτό θα βρήξω ένα λίγο από τη δημιουργία στο σκέψεδο όσο η νιντζα μου είναι σκέψης με το σπιντ. Τώρα θα σκέψω το πάνελο στον κομμάτι που είναι 4.25 x 5.5. Είμαι χρησιμοποιώντας το 8G-CAN για να πω τον αδερφό μου και το καρδί μου είναι έτοιμο. Τώρα στο πόλεμα, θα σκοτήσω ένα από τα τελευταία που λέει και νομίζω ότι αυτό είναι πολύ καλύτερο. Και θα σκοτήσω ένα από τα στάστας που οι νησάς θα σκοτήσουν. Και τώρα να σκοτήσω το δεύτερο καρδί για σήμερα, για αυτό θα χρησιμοποιήσω το σκοτήσι που είναι called So Much Cuteness και θα σκοτήσω το σκορδί που κόρυνει και θα σκοτήσει ένα πόλεμα. Θα είναι αδωραμμόμιο, παραστατάω το αδερφό και εγώ ουσχύρωποις θεωρικές. Τώρα θα τελειώσω τον αδερφό μου και χρησιμοποιήσω τα αδερφό μου και θα χρησιμοποιήσω τα ημέρα μου να χρησιμοποιήσω τα εξωναλίκια. Θα χρησιμοποιήσω την εγγυρία μου και να τα σκοτήσω. και σε αυτές τις βίντεος, όπου βλέπω πολλές καρδιά σε ένα βίντεο, δεν είμαι να δείξω πώς έκανε το χρώμα, γιατί θέλω να σας δείξω πιο από το σχέδιο και πώς χρησιμοποιήσω όλα αυτά τα καρδιά και να σας δείξω κάποια ιδέα και μπορείτε να δείξετε και να χρησιμοποιήσετε το χρώμα της καρδιάς. Δεν really matter how you color the images. Λοιπόν, έχω χρησιμοποιήσει ένα χρώμα blue, που θα είναι το χρώμα μου και έχω also cut out the clouds. Αυτό είναι από τα cloud 9 dies και μπορείτε να δείξετε όλα τα dies that I'm using including the clouds and the dies that I used to cut out my heels down below in the description area.  I'm also going to stick the clouds on my sky and I think this is a very versatile die set I have been using those cloud 9 dies since I got them so much and I think it's a die set that I would definitely recommend if you like creating scenes like I do. Λοιπόν, θα δείξω τα σχέδια μου για να δείξω το σχέδιο και θα χρησιμοποιήσω my black gel pen This is a very thin black gel pen and I'm going to go over his eyes which is going to give some shine on his eyes and make him look more real give him some character I'm also adding some glitter at the center of my flowers and I will go ahead and use the sentiment For the sentiment I'm going with the one that says Oh Happy Day and from the blueprints 31 I'm trying to find out one of those panels available there that fit the sentiment perfectly So I'm going with this one with the fishtail I'm going to stamp it with black ink by my favorite things and then I'm going to add some foam tape at the back and stick it on top of my sky and again because I cannot leave a card alone I'm adding some shine with my clear glitter pen by Nouveau and now I'm using the adorable stamp set that features the pure innocence collection girl and the stamp set is called showering you with love So first I'm going to use my spectrum noir markers which are alcohol markers I'm going to color my image and then use my dyes and cut out the little girl and you can see my little girl is ready now and this is where I'm getting very creative I'm coloring with this dressing that's peacock feathers just an area there I'm going to spray with water to create some splashes and then I'm going to use the cloud 9 the small clouds from the cloud 9 dyes and I'm going to cut out a cloud which is not going to be used as a cloud actually on my card but instead it's going to be used as a puddle of water where I'm going to place the little girl standing on top and now I'm going to create the background for my little girl I have this white panel and I'm going to apply some peacock feathers again and you can see that I'm applying it with this brush I'm going slowly from the top all the way to the center of my card and I like how this is going to be very pale and very subtle and I'm adding more ink at the top which fades out as we go to the center and now it is time to assemble my card so first I'm going to stick that cloud at the very bottom of my card I'm going to cut out the excess and this is not a cloud this is supposed to be a puddle of water now my little girl is in place and I have added actually a foam tape at her back and now I am going to stamp the sentiment that says souring you with love and I'm also going to stick the other cloud at my sky now I want to cut out some hearts because I want to use them falling from that cloud now the die that I use to cut out all those tiny little hearts actually come from another favorite things dynamic set and that's the one with the rattle you will see me using it later on so all these little hearts are falling on her umbrella and now to finish it off I'm going to stick that panel on top of a standard card that's 4.25 x 5.5 and I'm using my Nuvo glitter drops to add some glitter on top of my hearts and now let's make a card to welcome my baby girl so I'm going to use some of the ties from the blueprints 31 and I'm also going to use that baby rattle first I'm going to cut out a panel out of this pale pink and I'm also going to use the rattle and cut it out of this cardstock now all the cardstock that I am using is by my favorite things and you will find links to that down below the description area so I'm going to use some fun foam and you can see that I found some fun foam in my stash which is the color of pink that is going to complement the card but if you don't have pink you can always use white so I'm going for a shaker card but first I want to add some interest at my panel so again I'm going to use the same technique as I did from the first card I'm taping down the stencil and now with my spatula I'm going to apply some glimmer paste the glimmer paste I'm using is the Moonstone which is going to dry clear but iridescent at the same time it's going to give a beautiful shine at my background I have already stick down acetate on top of my rattle and now I'm sticking that on top of the fun foam so now I have a little raised area at the back of my rattle where I can add my sequence now this rattle comes with a tiny little dies such as stars and the tiny little hearts that I used in the previous card that you can cut out to create your own confetti but for this card I decided to use some sequence that I had in my stash I'm going to place some cardstock on top and my rattle is ready now I'm going to stick that on top of my panel and the truth is that my glimmer paste wasn't dry yet so I had to be very careful as I was sticking that down but I was so impatient to finish the card so I just carried on for my sentiment I have created a little banner with a fish tail on one end that says congrats and this comes from a stamp set which was released again this month and it's called welcome baby I have used a card paste which is white in a standard size that's 4.25 x 5.5 and now I'm going to stick my label on top now on the inside I wanted to stamp something as well so I went with the sentiment that says you are going to be the best parents ever I think this is an adorable card to welcome a little baby girl and since we made a card for a baby girl now let's make a card for a baby boy for that I'm using the dynamics die set which is called bundle of baby clothes I am picking some of those clothes which I am going to cut out of pattern paper just use any pattern paper that you have on your stash I have also used my circle dies to cut out this ring and I am going for a shaker card again so you see that I am applying some tape adhesive at the back of this ring and then I'm going to stick on top my acetate I'm going to go all around with foam tape and I'm going to double up on foam tape just to make sure that I have enough space for all the elements that are going to go inside and I'm going to place the little clothes inside as well as some sequence now the truth is that you can replicate the exact same design and make it for a baby girl and of course just change the pattern papers or the colors and of course you can do the same thing for the previous card that I did with the rattle just change the colors and you can make it your own now as you can see my shaker element is ready and I am also going to stamp at the very bottom of my card base my sentiment and there is an adorable sentiment in the die stamp set that I used previously which is called welcome baby and I am going with the one that says the laundry is about to be super cute and this is where the inspiration came for this card so that shaker element is supposed to be a washing machine now I am placing some tape adhesive at the back of my shaker element and I am going to stick it on top of my card base to finish it off I am going to use some art pebbles as they are called by prima and I am picking out very sizes mainly the smallest ones which I am going to stick on top of my card and they will give the illusion of a droplet I am going to stick them down with my mat medium so that's mat medium in that bottle I have decided where everything is going to go and I am just sticking it down and although it looks white at the moment when it is dry it is going to be totally clear you will see the photos at the end so here is my washing machine washing the super cute clothes I had so much fun while I was designing this card now for this card I am using the chinese take out dynamics as well as the good fortune stamp set so first I have cut out the box and I am decorating it by stamping the image as well as the word enjoy on top and for this card again I am combining red with black as well as craft so my take away box is ready now I am going to stamp my sentiment for the fortune cookie and there are many sentiments in this stamp set I have picked the one that says your dreams will come true and as you can see I have also cut out the fortune cookie as well as the chopsticks out of craft cardstock and I am using my blending tool and vintage photo distressing to go all around the edges which is going to add a little bit of shading and make them look more round now I will do the same thing for my box as well but this time I will go with old paper distressing and I decided to have red cards to cast my card base so I want to add some interest at the background but at the same time I want it to be very subtle so I am using the mesh background stamp I am going to stamp it with VersaMarking make sure that I have a good impression and now I am going to apply some clear embossing powder and for this card I want to keep it quite simple because I want to be able to give it on a male or a female so I am using my heat gun to mess the powder there and I hope you can see the beautiful shine that it gives but at the same time it's not overwhelming so I am using some foam tape at the back of my elements and I am going to stick them on top of my card and I am creating a little cluster of all those cutouts so I am also going to run my chopsticks on my Xyron sticker maker or you can use your glue pen at the back I am going to stick those inside my box and I am going to have my cookie in front of that box and the label just coming out from the inside and now let's make a really fun card I am going to stamp the owl from the Critter Clan stamp set 3 times and I am also going to stamp the leaves at this stage I didn't know how many leaves I am going to need so I just went ahead and stamped a bunch I used my alcohol markers to color everything and also used the matching dies to cut them out and here they are all ready to go now to make a fun panel for all these owls I am going to use this die which is called stitched interactive window trio which actually cuts out 3 windows with flaps so I am also going to use this die which comes from the blue prints 31 I am going to place one inside the other and after running it through my die cutting machine here is the result so I have 3 little windows where I can place my owls at the back so in the beginning I played around with all my elements trying to figure out where everything is going to go and once I was happy with their placement I started to use my tape and stick them down so I am working directly on my card base which is a yellow card base that's 4.25x5.5 and I need to chop off the legs for some of the owls just to make sure that they are not sticking out of that white panel now once all of these are ready to go I am then going to stick the leaves but this time I am going to stick them on my white panel I am planning to add some foam tape at the back of my white panel which is going to allow those leaves to be raised so they are not laying flat on top of my owls and here is where I am adding the foam tape all over the back so that I can stick it on top of my card base and I think this is looking really funny now for the sentiment I went with one of the sentiments included in the stamp set that says you are always on my mind and I think this is so funny I am going to stamp it on a yellow cardstock which is the exact same color as my card base and then I am going to use this banner to cut it out I am going to stick that on top of my white panel and my card is ready for my last card I am going to use this dynamic set which is called home sweet home and there are many different shapes such as houses and even doors and trees and windows you can mix and match and create your own customized neighborhood so today I decided to go with a Greek themed card so I have created a card with this white house with blue doors and blue windows which is a typical house that you find in the Greek islands and here is a photo so that you can see what inspired me but really you can make it your own just create the houses that you like so as you can see I am sticking down my white house I am sticking on top the blue window and the blue door and you can see that you can be very creative with these house dies and I even had to chop off the triangle rooftop because these types of houses don't have that in the islands so anyway you can create your very own neighborhood now I am going to use this die cut which comes from the blueprint 31 and I am not going for a shaker card I just want to have my focal point and I think that this die cut really makes a statement on a card so I am going to stick that on top of my little scene and then the whole thing off my panel and you can see that my doors and windows are the exact same color as my background panel just to match everything together now for the sentiment I am going to white emboss a sentiment that comes from the no place like home stamp set and it says congratulations on your new house and I am going to stick that panel on top of my card base and I just have to say that this is my favorite card just because it's Greek themed so let's take a quick look on all the cards that I made today I hope you had fun and got inspired and if you did don't forget to leave me a comment as well as give me thumbs up on my youtube channel and if you need more inspiration here are two more videos where I am creating even more cards thank you all for watching