Yeah Hello, everyone. I'm really glad and honored to be here Front of you after actually using blender for almost three years. So I'm baby blender or to you and Okay, I'm Ahmed al-Ajiri. I'm an architect architectural engineer if you may mix it with another architect And guess what I'm from Baghdad, Iraq, but I didn't came away all the way from Iraq I'm actually studying preparing my master's degree in the University of page in Hungary So So we were talking about today about the industry standards software that we use in architecture. So once you graduate from like architecture University or from the university as an architect like you have to like apply for a job to a Certain company or a studio and you have to use these softwares or learn the softwares they use in their like industry in the product in their production line so And as an architect you have to learn like four different types of softwares We have the 3d studio and the beam software render engine and the video rendering And these what they call the industry standard softwares Okay, so the requirement for work as an architect like you have to like learn a combination of softwares in order to get accepted in in this job so Like after like applying for some like For some studios and companies. I like get some experience of what they use and What they want and they're To select their candidates and things so as you can see here like Revit and Lumion ArchGad and Lumion Rhino Revit 3ds Max Corona ArchGad Cinema 4d Octane and others so you can see all of them like The price of all this package going around like four thousand dollars US dollars and Doesn't get lower and you can you can't just use one software you have to like to have like this combination of softwares to get accepted and This is not affordable for for an like newly graduate architect Especially like from Iraq. It's like maybe you guys are rich. I don't know and so after like Introduced to blender and I came across blender. I found like it lies in these categories in 3d soft like 3d studio does it has a built-in render engine to render engines and it can do video rendering and walkthrough But it doesn't do the BIM Work like the work of floor plans sections and things you need for for the building like the technical drawings Yeah, so I was amazed and surprised that blender can do all the modeling rendering video walkthrough animation all this procedural modeling procedural texturing and all for free like What I've been using like so This is using a blender The architectural process. This is my process that I follow And the using of blender and the architectural industry So I do the site analysis the conceptual design Then I do the technical drawings and like the sections plans and things using gear of it Then I export it as an FB eggs Then do complete the exterior design and interior design Then the environmental design like designing the environment and the landscape after that The visualization rendering maybe animation The last thing is the post-production or the compositing So here you can see how I use Is it for set analysis? This is my the process we go in detail. So The first thing I use like here an add-on free add-ons called blender.js. It's so useful. It can give us the The neighboring buildings using data from Google So here you can see I'm just following like simple steps like I'm changing this plane Don't like it. I always change it. I don't know why Then I'm using geometry nodes. I'm turning the the streets from from mesh to curve and back to to mesh then I give it this thickness and The last thing is rendering to see like the light the interaction of the light with the urban fabric and the city Yeah, this is I'm using here the same the same add-on to to get the topography the topology Or the terrain of the land because it's so important case the land is not Like it's not flat or something you have to get this information for this site analysis Yeah, so here you can just use like a displacement map with it in like Using the displacement modifier then the array modifier putting some planes then the Solidify and that's just simple steps and now we have a terrain model It's not like that. So I'll change it Yeah, and we can see also using the sky sky texture to see the the interaction off of light and With with the terrain with the old things here the conceptual design so You can't you can't just came with the with the like a building out from your mind Just just like that. You have to like start to experiment start to Get inspirations and things This is so useful in blender. So I'm using here geometry nodes. It's so inspiring So you can make a lot of models you can like experiment with a lot of things a lot of possibilities to make Like a conceptual design in using the freestyle tool to get these lines I'm using here So just making some cutouts some things maybe the openings are just like Inspiration like how how the building will be and how it will interact with the light with the Things then we after the conceptual design we like start the actual design with the with blender then To to rabbit to to make the like The the real plans and sections and things the real technical drawings because The architecture is not all about visualization. We have detailed work. We have detailed sections And here is using blank there in Exterior interior design. It's actually is easier than any software like I've used before so I've used 3ds max I've used Cinema 4d, but no one is Is this easy the workflow is not easier than Blender and When you like go through the tutorials on youtube and things you you don't find like tutorials for For the architecture for architectural visualization, maybe you can find but this it's not that much but The way I'm I'm learning blender and I learned blender It's like by watching any tutorial maybe a tutorial of a headphone or a donut or something It will It will benefit you in the architectural design because it's the same workflows. It's the same modeling thing. So Instead of modeling like a headphone you can model a building So here like with the coming of geometry nodes, it's made it easier for the exterior design especially and you see nowadays buildings have this parametric shapes parametric like Facets so with some simple nodes I'm not an expert in Geometry nodes, but I learned some simple nodes to make like these facets or a parametric facets In way we can change it. It's non-destructive workflow so Anytime we want you want to change it. We don't have to remodel everything. You just like Go tweak some things in the geometry nodes or in the edit mode and that's it. We can even change the shape and We have everything Okay, here using the same geometry nodes Like we are experimenting with Some facet modeling the the modeling of facet sometimes you see just like a plain facet It's so boring.  You see maybe like five nodes or or six nodes. It's It's easier Then with the new like field Like field the flow of geometry nodes. We can like import textures Noise textures and things so or wave texture here to like experiment more and to have more like a free Workflow yeah, and here using the geometry nodes with the design of the landscape or the Like environmental design so back in the days before the geometry nodes, it was so difficult to to model like environment because you have to Work maybe with particles and things we can't you can't control Everything in these particles the scale the transformation the the randomness of nature. So here And with geometry nodes, it's it's much easier. You can just paint Wherever you want Maybe with particles you can but it's easier with geometry nodes easier to like control the randomness to control the the scale and Here i'm using the the Botanic from polygonic. It's really useful. I don't Yeah, just connect some things may make or like make my Custom node so I can just plug in anything I want and Start painting weight painting the the plane and distributing this Natural elements and the last thing is is the last thing in this Workflow pipeline is the visualization which after you is that just rendering putting the the sunlight and and things and Start exporting photos And here is the thing the that's so useful that comes with the with blender is the compositing tab or the compositing workflow so it's Much like useful to have the compositing workflow in the same software and it's also for for free because other companies will require you to have like An experience in Photoshop or Lightroom or or something else Uh Because you have to edit the photos you have to make it more realistic here You can see i'm using the the mist pass to to get some depth to the to the photo. I have like Maybe using glare really using lens distortion these things give some reality to the To the photo And we have the the the split view is so useful to like to refresh your eye to see before and after The the things you add to the To the compositing tab So uh with all that you can see like the blender can do The site and all the like architectural design procedure from site analysis Conceptual design exterior interior design environmental design visualization post production to the finishing of the work So uh, and that's all for free. So the question is Which one you think should be the industry standard for architectural design and visualization? like all these softwares for like ton of money like $4,000 or something maybe more or just blender with Nothing just here Yeah, so that's the question. I don't know why the companies kept like Requiring new graduates architects to to learn all these softwares and putting these industry standards softwares to like Made it like less possible for for architects or newly graduates to to find a job while they neglect blender or open source software to that has all this potential to To make like to to express the creativity of of the architects So last thing I would thank to all the everyone contributed in the making of blender and I would like to thank the blender community and all Blenderers on youtube who made learning a blender actually free and and easy and Yeah, without you guys, we would be unemployed now Thank you


Imagine it's 1400 years ago, it's the 9th of Maharram. At night you hear noises coming from outside your tent. So naturally you come outside to see what the commotion is about and you see people leaving the camp of Imam Hussain, alaihi salam, in their hundreds and thousands. For just a split second your eyes fall into the eyes of Imam Hussain.  Knowing 100% what's going to happen to you when the morning comes. The morning comes. It's the day of Ashurah. You're now the 73rd companion of Aba'ab, the Laha al-Hussain, alaihi salam. You come up to the Imam as the companions did and you offer your service. The Imam gives you the choice. So now you know you could go and get water with Aba'ab al-A'bas. You could protect the tents of the women and children from attack. You could bring back the severed body parts of the companions. You could try to console the Imam. What would you want to do on that day? I think I'd say two replies. One would be to protect the tents and everyone inside the tents. And second would be to go with Aba'ab al-A'bas to get the water. But at the same time I can't really decide this. I think if I'm with Imam Hussain, Imam Hussain will decide this. Whatever Imam Hussain says, that's what I will do. But then again, where would you go? Why the women and children? Your personal connection with each story in Qadab Al-A'lai itself. So for me, let's say the Sakeen, As-Salaamu Alayhi Alayhi, for me it's difficult to see such a young child go through so much. But this question itself has just sort of blown my mind. What would you do when they come to slap her face? When they come to pull her earrings from her? How would you react? Or you said Abbas al-A'lai? What would you do if they cut his hands? Or when the arrow goes into his eye? If I could I'd be at each place at each time.  You open the door, you see your family running around frantically. One person's bringing food, another person's bringing food, another person's making tea and you grab one of them amidst the chaos and you say, what's going on?  So you ask you and they say they're waiting for you in the living room.  In that moment, what would you say to him? What would you want him to say to you? I'd want to ask him if he's satisfied with me. I'd want to see if Imam Hussein's satisfied with whatever little things that I've done, whether it's maharam or even throughout the year. The little little things that I've done, which I don't know if they're worth credibility, but these things that I've tried to sort of do before Imam Hussein al-A'lai, but my initial reaction, I just dropped to my knees. You've now spoken with Imam Hussein al-A'lai. It's time for him to leave your home. He gets up to go. How do you feel in that moment? What would you want him to say to you as a farewell? What would you do in that situation? For me, Imam Hussein, even if it's a physical farewell, Imam Hussein is the king of my heart, so Imam Hussein lives in my heart. That's one way to think of it, but other than that, I'd request Imam Hussein to take me as a slave with him for his entire life. At the beginning, I asked you about 1400 years ago, having hindsight of the tragedies that occurred on that day. It might be easy to say, if I was there, I would do this, or I would stop that, or I would help with this. And I said to you, the Imam would give you the choice of how you want to serve him. In this day and age, people often forget we have a 12th Imam with us. And in a way, him being hidden from us is him giving us the choice for us to decide how we want to serve him. In the best way, in our opinion, what do you think you've done for the 12th Imam? What would you like to do? What do you think he deserves? Given again that Imam Hussein had 72 with him on that day. Whereas how many has this Imam got today? I think there's a lot more that we need to do. There is a lot more, there is a lot more that we need to do. And it's sort of surprising that how we don't think of the 12th Imam as much as we should. Now, first things first, we, with all the events throughout the year, Maharram, Arbaeen, you know, all the villadas, shahalids, we need to be active, it doesn't matter. But as well as that, on a personal level, for myself, I need to be, I need to give 100% with my Salah, with my Akhlaq, with everything. Because otherwise I'm not honouring my Imam. If he's present, I'm not honouring my Imam.


This approach was applied to satellite data from 1988 to 2017 and found that the ocean has a strong influence on the atmosphere with the largest values occurring in the eastern tropical Pacific and Atlantic oceans as well as in western boundary currents. The ocean also influences the atmosphere one month later and this influence increases over longer periods of time. This article was authored by D. Dockier, S. Vanetsem and Abelucci.


In this presentation we will take a look at other deductions and payment methods. It's important to note that we do have state taxes that we're going to have to deal with as well from state to state and those are going to be things that will differ from state to state in terms of the calculations for taxes related to different states and different localities. However, note that taxes are going to be similar. We've seen basically every type of tax calculation has been invented already. So really we want to see what type of tax is being applied, how is the tax being applied, and then go through our similar process and see how to apply whatever tax rate is being put in place. Most states will follow the format of the federal taxes to some extent typically or possibly have a more simplified method, a flatter tax typically being a more simplified method. Some states will follow a similar kind of progressive tax system, similar and...


All right, so we have to continue our world tour. These are the streetcars in Lisbon. And it's interesting because the streetcars, there's some really steep hills there. But it's like San Francisco, but they're not cable cars. They're actually motorized streetcars. So it's kind of fun to ride on them. They're refurbished, but they're all about 100 years old. And this is the Castillo up on top of the mountain. And this is the view you get, one of the cathedrals, and then looking out onto the river here, which then goes into the Atlantic Ocean. So you get a nice view of the whole harbor. Obviously, that's why they put the fortress up there to protect the entrance to the river. And then this is looking back into the city, very, very dense, old city, and very Mediterranean looking bar-tile roofs. And then, of course, that's a suspension bridge across the river. OK, so we're going to talk about the lens. And so let's see. Teresa, were you here earlier when we did embryology? No. Lee, tell us a little bit about the embryology of the lens. Where does it come from? Which layer does it come from? And how does it form? Is it official? OK. So if you remember back a month and a half ago, we were talking about embryology of the eye. And the neuroectoderm pouches out from the side of the developing fetus. As it goes forward, it touches the surface ectoderm. And it induces the surface ectoderm to thicken. You'll get invagination of the neuroectoderm.  And it will form that primary lens vesicle. And then the fibers will grow from back to front to fill that and eventually form the fetal lens nucleus. This just shows you, I believe these are chick embryos, but very, very similar to human embryos. This just shows you the various stages from four weeks to five weeks. And so this happens very early in gestation between the fourth and the sixth week of gestation. This just shows you more of a schematic. So once you get the lens pit forming, and then it pinches off and forms the vesicles, those cells will then grow across and fill the lens. And the reason that that's important is in a normal lens, you don't have epithelial cells posteriorly. So once those posterior cells grow across and fill that lens, then the cells will go to the equator. And then they'll fan out. And then they'll send fibers anteriorly and posteriorly. So you normally don't have cells and lens epithelial cells inside the posterior capsule, unless it's a pathologic state. And this shows you this was a fetus. And you can see that the lens epithelial cells go to the equator, then they fan out across the equator like a disk of a flying saucer. And they send fibers both anteriorly and posteriorly. And so this just shows you the lens itself, looking at a slit lamp. And so for those of you at the VA, this is what a clear lens looks like. And so I know you never see them at the VA, but this is what it looks like. And here you see the lens pathologically. Here's the nucleus.  So you'll still have a fetal nucleus. You'll have an embryologic nucleus. You'll have the adult nucleus cortex around it. And as you get older and older, the lens becomes less round and more oval. And so those fibers condense more in the center. The lens nucleus gets harder and harder as time goes on. And here you have that again in a schematic. The embryologic nucleus, the fetal nucleus, the adult nucleus, the cortex, and the lens capsule surrounding it. All right, Teresa, tell me a little bit about the lens capsule. Okay, which is thicker, anterior or posterior? Okay, so here's the anterior lens capsule. Which stain are we using here to show it? Nope, nope. You said the one thing. What did you say, the first comment you made about the lens capsule? It's a basement membrane. So what's stain, stain, basement membranes? It's the PAS stain. And so this is a PAS. And so it'll stain, basement membranes, it's bright, magenta, and don't forget, the anterior lens capsule is the thickest basement membrane in the body. So you see, the anterior capsule is about 50% thicker than the posterior capsule. And what's the second way we can tell the difference between anterior and posterior capsules? Exactly, so the lens epithelial cells are present anteriorly, but not posteriorly. So that's the way we tell them. So this just shows you the equator. Here's anterior lens epithelial cells. They come out to the equator and then they fan out, sending fibers both anteriorly and posteriorly. And normally there should not be any cells along that posterior capsule that's there. Chris, what are we looking at here? Okay, and where do the zonules insert? Besides anteriorly they insert in the capsule. Where do they insert posteriorly or peripherally, I should say? Okay, so what I wanna show you though is people think about the zonules inserting the ciliary processes, but don't forget they also go between the ciliary processes and some of these guys insert almost back at the paris plana. And so remember the ciliary body, the wrinkle, the folded part is called the paris placata, placated, the flat part is the paris plana. And you can see some of those zonular fibers come, clear the heck back here. And so they insert a lot more posteriorly than you would think. Now what do we show in here, Niko? And what forms the Y suture? Exactly, so you know those lens fibers they come around both posteriorly and anteriorly. The lens is not a perfect sphere. And so because of that they don't meet at a point they form a Y. And there's an anterior and a posterior Y suture. So your mission today when you're looking at patients with a slit lamp if you do is look for the Y sutures, because you'll find them. You'll be able to see them, they're subtle, but they'll be shaped, usually the front one is more inverted and the back one is normal like a Y. And so your mission today is to find the Y sutures when you look. Now here you can see the individual fibers that are in there. And what's interesting if you look at these in an EM, what does this remind you of? Like a honeycomb, exactly. So you see that they are hexagonal. And so you see these hexagonal cells and a lot of time as the cells mature they start to lose their nuclei and they're left with a lot of protein. There's a lot of protein in the lens and other materials that are in there. So this is what the cortical fibers look like in the lens. They look like a honeycomb. All right, Shrav, what do we see in here? Okay, so see a red reflex. What's funny about this picture? What is that? What do you think that ring is? All right, so there's the lens and which direction is that lens luxated? All right, so this is the crystalline lens right here and so it is superior and temporal. What the heck is this thing? That's a contact lens, exactly. And in fact, more specifically it's an aphakic contact lens because this patient's crystalline lens is dislocated leaving them effectively aphakic, meaning without lens. And so they need about a plus 10, plus 12 lens in there to help them see better. So that's an aphakic lens. And so which disease process classically leads to a superior temporal dislocation? Marfans and so this is indeed a Marfan's patient and here he is. So you see he's about 6'11". This is one of our old techs here in the old clinic. This is a great picture because this was in the old hospital. And so before there was a Moran I, let alone a Moran II, the entire Department of Ophthalmology was crammed into one little hallway in the old ER of the main hospital. And so this is where we used to function and he was 6'11". Look at his spindly fingers. So if we have a patient who has Marfan's syndrome, Tara, do we have to worry about talking to our colleagues and other services if we make this diagnosis? Why? Exactly. And so remember it's a disease of connective tissue which is why the zonules are weakened. One of the areas of connective tissue that's weakened is the aorta, especially the aorta crude. And so minor detail, these guys can be playing basketball and having a aorta group dissection and die. And so it's important that they be hooked into other resources, make sure somebody's looking at their aorta, looking at their heart, making sure they're okay. Well, I guess we can ask pathologists pictures. Now this is a different picture. Why is this lens different than the one in the other one? It's inferiorly and a little bit nasally, so kind of almost the opposite of Marfan's. It's either, I mean that seems to be some sort of material that's colored. Believe it or not, these are what's left of the zonular fibers that have all broken. So this is another thing you have to memorize. You don't have to for boards, but ophthalmology residents do for boards. This is homocystinuria. And it's very weird. Marfan's, it dislocates superior temporarily. Homocystinuria, inferior nasally. Why I don't know, because they're both zonulopathies. And in fact it makes no sense to me that if your zonules are weak that something would move up. That's anti-gravity, so. But in any event, that's where they go. And so homocystinuria, they love asking you that on boards, the difference between homocystinuria and Marfan syndrome. This is an even stranger looking picture. So back to Theresa. What do we see in here? What is that white thing? Yeah. Yeah, I'm looking for it, and it's known like the anterior chamber. Yeah, believe it or not, that's an entire lens in the anterior chamber. So this was one that you may have seen on New Year's Eve, you know?  I was minding my own business, so. I heard a different variation of the two dudes, a friend down south that told me this one is, I was sitting on my porch reading the Bible, you know, and these two dudes just jumped me. And so this is always the two dudes and he's always minding his own business. No, I wasn't doing nothing, man. And so this is somebody, this is a traumatic lens dislocation. And so it has to take quite a trauma, you know? But the eye is tough. I mean, to rupture an eye, you have to have some pretty significant trauma. And so this is actually a lens that is dislocated into the anterior chamber. So it's actually right behind the cornea. It almost looks like it's on top of the cornea, but it's behind the cornea in the anterior chamber. And pathologically, here we go. Here's the iris. And sure enough, here is the lens in the anterior chamber. So total dislocation in the anterior chamber. Now there are some other entities.  Let's go back here. Lee, let's say you have someone who did not have two dudes jump in. And spontaneously his lens dislocates into the anterior chamber or he gets a spontaneous pupillary block of a lens. What's another entity you have to remember that's susceptible to a pupillary block with a lens or dislocation of a lens totally? Exfoliation does make the zonules weaker, so that puts you at risk. But how about if you have a pupil block with a lens? You get a lens that's really mobile and really small and it pops forward and blocks the pupil. Well, there is an entity that you guys have to memorize also that has microspherophakia. And it's called wheel Marcazani syndrome. And so because there's not much pathology in the lens, to be honest, they really have to search for things they can ask you on boards. And so wheel Marcazani syndrome is a syndrome where you get microspherophakia and you can get spontaneous dislocation of a lens anteriorly or spontaneous pupillary block. And these people are different than Marfan's. Because remember we showed you the picture of Marfan's? Really tall people, long spindly fingers. Wheel Marcazani are very short people, short stubby fingers. So almost the opposite of Marfan's. And so that's how you tell them apart, but you do need to know that for boards. So wheel Marcazani. Okay, let's go. Chris, we've got an eye here.  So she's pretty small. One and a half centimeters in diameter. So pretty small eye. What do you make of the lens? Yeah, so it's kind of round. What's another word we use for round? Sphero. So we've got a small eye. Microspherophakia. What's another disease can cause microspherophakia, especially in young children? Something that's almost was wiped out in this country. Close, rubella. So rubella is an interesting disease. Rubella can cause small eyes and can also cause small round lenses that form cataracts. And so rubella. Rubella is a disease we almost had wiped out, but surprisingly enough, there are resistant groups to vaccines, not people in poorer places who don't know better, but people in like Park City who are not letting their kids get vaccinated. So I find it fascinating that college educated people are not vaccinating their kids. So, you know, you can't use an excuse. Well, you just don't know better. So, but we almost had rubella wiped out in this country, but there are now pockets of it still alive because people refuse to vaccinate. So rubella is a disease, hopefully you guys will never see. Can general rubella. But again, for boards, remember that can general rubella can give you small eyes with small spherical lenses. Now, the other thing that rubella does is you have the nuclei retained within the actual cortical fibers. So I'm not sure why the rubella gets into the nucleus. It does something to the mechanics there and it keeps the nucleus from disappearing from those cells. What are we seeing here in eco? All right, so this is a congenital cataract and you can tell because it's just in the fetal nucleus. So it's not in the entire nucleus. And this is interesting. It's kind of got the female and the male symbols there. And so it's kind of like, I call this the Prince cataract. You know, remember Prince, the guy who just died? He became that little male female symbol. So this is a Prince cataract. And so the male symbol and the female symbol. But this is a patient, she's now in her 70s. It's very interesting. She's had this forever. And in the other eye, they tried to do cataract surgery when she was a young child when the surgeries were really crude. And so she had a really crude extra cap and didn't do well and wears an aphasic contact lens and refuses to let me touch this eye. And so she's about 2,400 and been functioning for 50 years with that. So this is a congenital nuclear, we'll call this a fetal nuclear cataract. And here's just another view on the slit lamp. If you notice only the center part of the nucleus is opacified. The peripheral part is clear. And so this isn't your normal adult nuclear cataract because it's only the central fetal nucleus that's involved here. All right, Becca, what are we looking at here? This is one of my fellow's cuts, you know? Actually when the residents are learning to cut globes, this is their oblique cut that you guys make on your first cuts. And you get your vitreous visible there. Yeah, believe it or not, look, there's a pocket of liquefied vitreous back here and some condensed anterior vitreous here. But what do you make of that lens? That lens would be spherical. Yeah, so this is a very opaque, kind of almost the ultimate cataract. I mean, this is kind of a white, opaque, hyper mature type of cataract. But this just brings us into the realm of adult cataracts. And so what we wanna do is spend a little bit of time talking about the various types of cataracts that we have that can affect the eye more in an adult. So that was more of an adult nuclear type cataract. Now it's interesting, I don't think I've got path. Yeah, well I do have a dense one. But we often don't send the lenses for pathology nowadays. Well first of all, we do FACO. So we chew up the lens and so there's no lens. But occasionally we'll do an extra cap but we usually don't send the lens for pathology because there's really nothing interesting on a lens that you've got. So this is a opacity of the central lens here from behind and so that's a nuclear cataract. All right, Shraab, this is indeed a nucleus. What can you tell me about this? So this is the ultimate nuclear cataract. This is what we call a brinescent, brinescent meaning brown-like.  So third world or parts of Wyoming, you can get, you're allowed to slam your own kind. That's allowable. So you can get these dense, dense black nucleon. So as you can imagine, FACOing one of these is very difficult. And so what you end up doing is you can do a small incision extra cap and remove this hole. So this is a brinescent, brown-like nucleus, the ultimate nuclear cataract. And I was trying to show you kind of a nuclear cataract here. This was one that actually was sent to us an entire lens. And you can see in the center of the nucleus, you've got this dense, dense fibers that are really, really condensed. And then they become almost calcified at this point. And they become very, very thick and very dense. All right, what do we see in right here, Tara? All right, this is a cortical type of cataract. And you see the spokes or the pie shape where they come from the periphery to the center. And we look at that from behind. And again, you see the pie-shaped spokes. So you can see these pie-shaped spokes. And what's different about the cortical cataract as opposed to the nuclear cataract? Exactly, so they actually liquefy. And so when you look at these, I try to show you guys when you're in surgery with me, you can sometimes see they've got the little dots, the cortical fibers under the anterior capsule. When we push on the capsule to start a capsule on me, those little dots move to the side because they're actually liquid. And so cortical cataracts, you get not only a pacification, but you get liquefaction of the cortical fiber. So you get a lot of liquid in there. And here we can see, again, a very liquefied, very mature, almost hyper-mature cortical cataract. And what do we call a cataract that is so hyper-mature that the cortex is completely liquefied? More gagny in cataracts. So this is a more gagny in cataract. And what's happened is is that the cortex is totally liquefied. And in fact, it's liquefied so much that that hard nucleus has sunk down. And so you rarely see these again because these are hyper-mature cataracts. So the cortex completely liquefies, the nucleus sinks down into the capsule bag. And it reminds me of a sunny-side-up egg. And so here's the nucleus. The nucleus is the egg. And of course, the cortex is really runny, really runny white, so not a kind of egg that you want to see on your plate. And so more gagny in is the ultimate cortical cataract where the cortical cataract, the cortex completely liquefies. The nucleus is hard and sinks down to the bottom. And this shows you one. This was a more gagny cataract that was removed. Here's the hard nucleus. Here's the remnant capsule or bag. And this liquefied cortex just oozes out. I mean, there is no cortex left in there once this happens. All right, again, you haven't seen slit lamps before, but if you look, here's the beam hitting the anterior part of the lens. So where does that tell us this opacity is? In the posterior lens. All right, so this is an opacity in the center part of the posterior lens. And when we do retro illumination, this is what it looks like. So what do we call this kind of cataract? This can actually be associated rather, it can be with aging, but there are other entities that can cause this cataract. This is called a posterior subcapsular cataract. And this can be associated with diabetes, with medications, especially steroids. So this can be a steroid induced cataract. It can be diabetic induced. It can be aging, but most commonly these are due to something else. So this is along that posterior lens capsule inside of it. And there's a close-up. It almost looks like dense, fibrotic fish eggs that are in there when you see this. This is a close-up retro illumination on the posterior capsule. Now you can see it even better. So when we look at these, what's wrong with this picture? Let's go back to, so what's wrong with this picture? What if I say this was the capsule from the patient we just showed you? Exactly, so what's wrong with this picture? Exactly, plus it's upside down. You know, remember we always orient pictures so the cornea's up and the optic nerves down? So this is posterior here. This is anterior down here. So you said it, there's cells along the posterior capsule in a PSC cataract that shouldn't be there. What's going on here? Yeah, in fact, these are really swollen cells. They call these bladder cells. Or from the German VATAL cells, I guess. W-E-D-L, VATAL, VATAL cells. And so these are swollen bladder type cells and this is a posterior subcapsular. So believe it or not, this is the posterior capsule. These cells have migrated along the posterior capsule and you get these swollen bladder cells. And so this is what a posterior capsule or PSC cataract looks like. Lee, what are we looking at here? All right, here's the anterior capsule. Here's the cortex. What's going on here? What do we call this? Exactly, so don't forget, we've got the posterior subcapsular cataracts. We also have anterior subcapsular cataracts. And what's interesting about these guys is in these guys, here's the anterior capsule here, the lens epithelial cells are down here and these lens epithelial cells have been transformed. And so they have become almost like fibroblasts. They've undergone fibrous metaplasia and they start laying down fibrous tissue. And so what stain are we using here to show that? Trichrome, very good, this is the trichrome stain. And so it stains collagen-like tissue, fibrous-like tissue blue. And stains normal lens, this pink color and the lens capsule lightly pink. And so you can get those anterior lens epithelial cells are almost pluripotential. And if you stimulate them just right, they can undergo a metaplasia and become like fibroblasts. So you get this fibrous metaplasia of the anterior lens epithelial cells forming this anterior subcapsular cataract. What do we see in here, Chris? Okay, what do we call that? Summering's ring. A summering's ring, and how is summering spelled? Close, S-O-E-M-M, so summering's, not summer the time of the year, but summering's after the guy who first described him. And so a summering's ring, and what are a couple of ways summering's ring cataracts can form? Okay, do you see an IOL in here? I don't. Okay, what's the second way that a summering's ring can form? So same concept, but in AFAKIC patients. Okay, and that can be surgically AFAKIC, or dramatically AFAKIC, exactly. So summering's first described these in trauma. So when I would have severe trauma, and the lens nucleus would be extruded beyond the cheek of the patient somewhere, they'd put the eye back together, and you'd get these peripheral cortical elements would start to grow in the periphery, and they would form this donut-shaped ring, so-called summering's ring. And here you see the second way, this is an old, old IOL in here, and you see a large amount of periphery of cortical material in the periphery. And so this is a summering's ring in a pseudo-FAKIC eye, and this is where we would see these most commonly. And here you can see another one. Here's a three-piece acrylic lens in the eye, and sure enough, here's all that lens epithelial cells proliferating the periphery. So remember when you do cataract surgery, we try to take out all that cortex, but we still can't get to the forenecks and kill all of those lens epithelial cells. So where the anterior lens epithelial cells can undergo a fibrous metaplasia, give you fibrosis, and even contractile properties to it, the lens fibers in the forenecks try to make new lens. And so you get proliferation of cortical material here in the forenecks. It's interesting, one of our old PhD researchers from here who went to San Diego, who's doing some work in China, is now claiming they can regrow lenses in children.  Which is absolutely true, rabbits do the same thing, and you'll hear me say when we do research, rabbits behave much in the same way as children. And so in a rabbit eye, if you don't put an IOL in there, and you just take out the lens, it'll regrow a new lens, and it'll grow a summering drink or a new lens, and they're trying to do that now in kids. My problem with that is the research has all been done in China. It's not been published in peer review journals. And who knows the clarity of that regrow on lens, the power of that regrow on lens, and the functionality of that regrow on lens, but yeah, it does happen. And so, very interesting idea. You have to do your whole lens removal through about a one millimeter capsulotomy, so you can't make a capsule, or it'll form a summering drink instead.  This was an eye that had a traumatic cataract, and there you see the summering drink. And here is the close up. What stain is this, Nico? Tri-chrome. Tri-chrome, very good. So here's the anterior capsule, here's the posterior capsule thinner, here's where they've kind of fused together, and here's this growth of proliferative cortical material in the periphery. And so this is what a summering drink looks like. Becca, what are we looking at here? Okay, so what do you think this could be? Probably pseudo exfoliation. Pseudo exfoliation, or I guess now we call it exfoliation syndrome, okay? This is a very common entity in Utah, and so you guys are gonna see tons of this. The population base where this is most commonly seen is Northern European. I mean there are pockets of exfoliation elsewhere. We just discovered our Moran outreach in Guatemala. I discovered a whole bunch of pseudo exfoliation there that we didn't expect to see. But usually it's from Northern European, so I call it the Yahshur You Betcha Belt, you know? So yah, people from Sweden and Norway and Denmark, oh yah, you betcha. And so if you ever look in the Salt Lake City phone book, I tried this once, my neighbor's name is Peterson, so I was gonna look up his phone number to call him. This is before we had Google, and there's like 14 pages of Peterson's and Sorensen's and Jensen's and all. So a lot of people in Utah have their roots from Northern Europe and Scandinavia. As do a lot of people in Minnesota, and not by coincidence, Minnesota and Utah are the two places in the US that have the highest rate of exfoliation. And so we see this very commonly, so you guys are gonna see this a lot, and you know, you'll have to probably know a little bit about the genetics of pseudo exfoliation and the genetic defects. Do you know anything about the genetics of exfoliation? What's the four letter enzyme you have to remember? Anybody? Loxal 1, and so that's a genetic defect and it's got to do with making of the proteins and the elastic nature of the proteins. And so they're finding that there's a Loxal 1 gene defect that's associated with these, and so keep looking at that because we're unraveling the genetics of this entity now, but why do you get this clear space with exfoliative material there and exfoliative material in there? Shrop. Exactly, so as the pupil moves in and out, as light hits it, it almost acts like a windshield wiper. So it's like you have this pupil moving back and forth and it scrapes the exfoliative material, so there'll be some at the edge where the pupil was and some peripherally and in between when that pupil moves back and forth, it actually scrapes it clean. So that's why you kind of get this double ring pattern. And if you look, here it is in the periphery, this scalloped material that's actually on the anterior lens capsule. And of course, in retro illumination, you can see it really nicely, this kind of scalloped material that's deposited on there. And here we actually see the material on the lens capsule. Shrop, what stain is this? PAS, so PAS stains the lens capsule, and these are the lens epithelial cells inside of the capsule. This is kind of flipped over here, but you see the material, this exfoliative material on the lens capsule, they call this an iron filing pattern. So if you ever had shavings of iron, you put them in a magnet, I don't know, they used to make, in the olden days, boys had to take shop and girls took home, of course, because girls are supposed to make cookies and things and guys are supposed to like grind things and do shop. And so in shop, you'd be grinding things and then you take a magnet and it would just grab all these and the fibers would stick up. So this is called iron filing and that's what it looked like. Okay, we're looking right here, Tara, a little bit different view here, a little more subtle. It's kind of scrolled and curly here. What could cause that? Exactly, and so the reason the term pseudo exfoliation came up is there is an entity called true exfoliation where the lens capsule itself splits and folds up. It's almost a schesis rather than exfoliation, but the term pseudo exfoliation came up so that you wouldn't confuse the true exfoliation with the pseudo exfoliation. And interestingly enough, this is from Sam Masket, this is actually that patient and this is in the operating room and he saw that patient, he saw this really funny scroll here and so he was sharp enough to recognize that that was part of a split in the anterior capsule. I've actually seen people peel that off and do a rexis on there and then they go into hydro dissect and for some reason it won't hydro dissect. The reason is it's because the anterior capsule is still intact and so this is that patient and so he recognized that and so he went peripheral to that and did a full capsillotomy and the nice thing is is he sent us the path, we actually had this in the eye world as a case in the eye world, thus you see the arrows here, but here's the anterior capsule, these are the lens epithelial cells, so this is inside, this is outside and you see that the capsule is actually split. So it's split like a schesis so it's called true exfoliation and it was weird, this was described in people who are glass blowers and I know if you've ever seen these people in trade shows or something, they have this big glob of glass and they blow it and they spin it around and make a bottle out of it, well, that emits this intense infrared hot gas and that'll actually split the lens capsule. This was seen a little bit later in the industrial age in people who worked in steel mills in the blast furnace. Same thing, this hot infrared air is coming on and so you would get this exfoliation. What's weird is this lady was like an 80 year old normal lady, she'd never blown glass or worked in a steel mill so you can get this to a curse spontaneously but the key is it's actually a split in the anterior capsule and these are very, very rare but that's why this is called true exfoliation as opposed to the deposits which are pseudo exfoliation and now we just call that exfoliation syndrome. Here's a close up, here's the lens epithelial cells under the anterior capsule, there's the split. In the anterior capsule there, the exfoliation. Okay, what do we see in here? Just to kind of describe it. Yeah, so that eye is really red and really angry and in fact, this patient comes in and his eye hurts like heck. He says, man, my eye hurts. Say, well, how long has this been going on? Now it's been hurting for a couple of weeks. He finally comes into clinic. You say, well, have you got any history, any trauma to that eye? No, no, but then the wife always pitches in and says, oh, he hasn't seen for years out of that eye.  And so he finally comes in, this eye is really painful. You check the eye pressure and it is 50. So you've got a patient with a pressure of 50, opacified lens, real red hot eye and you look inside and believe it or not, this is the anterior chamber angle. What kind of cells do you think these are? Do I have an answer that I actually know? Okay, answer, go ahead. These are macrophages. They're macrophages. Almost, almost, but it is a secondary glaucoma and what happens is, is when you have a hyper mature cataract, like we showed one of those Mogagni ones, hyper mature, the lens proteins actually leak out of the intact capsule into the anterior chamber and these are indeed macrophages and so the macrophages come in and gobble up this, look how fat they are.  They're getting really big and even the protein itself from those cortical cells that have liquefied clogs the mesh work. So you get a severe glaucoma, it's actually an open angle glaucoma but it's a severe glaucoma and the treatment is you take out that hyper mature lens, you flush out all of this protein and these macrophages in here and you can actually get, you know, cure the glaucoma. So the history is usually that the vision's been poor for a long time because you have to have a hyper mature cataract. You can't just have, you know, just a regular cataract for this to happen and so this is called phacolytic glaucoma and so secondary glaucoma due to the leakage of that protein that's there. Okay, wow, what's going on right here? Theresa, what are we seeing here? Yes, that lens is supposed to be behind and so you see that part of that lens is in the anterior capsule.  So this is a case of a difficult cataract surgery. They probably ruptured the capsule. Weren't quite sure where the lens was going in. Part of the lens pops anteriorly. You get proliferation of all this cortical material. It's got vitreous mixed in it and so you can get a significant inflammation. We call this a phacotoxic uveitis or a uveitis that's induced due to difficulties with the lens and so we see these not uncommonly in a cataract surgery where there's been difficulties. The cataract, when they're trying to take it out, there's a rupture of the lens capsule, vitreous comes forward, you don't get the cortex out and you can get a significant uveitis from this. Again, they call us like a phacotoxic uveitis. So this is that all that proliferative lens material that's still left in there, that can induce a lot of inflammation. So these patients get inflammation, they get glaucoma, they even get an entity that we call UG syndrome and what does UGH stand for? Lee, exactly. So you can get a secondary UG syndrome and so you can get an UG syndrome from various other entities but uveitis glaucoma hyphaema is not uncommonly seen in this entity, this phacotoxic uveitis. All right, Chris, what are we seeing here? Why would I be showing this picture in a lens lecture? All right, so on the posterior cornea you've got these KP, what does KP stand for? Karate precipitates and this is a specific type of KP. Big greasy looking Karate precipitates, what do they call these?  And then we look at the lens inside. Now this is an eye that's been cut in half sagittally. What is this right here? Give you a hint, the iris is back here. Yeah, what do we call an inflammatory material in the anterior chamber, anterior anterior chamber? Hypopia. Or hypopia. So not like hyphaema which is blood but you can get white cells so they've got a hypopia on. What is going on here where the lens was? All right, so this is a sagittal cut, this is where the lens was. You've got this big white area here. So it looks like you get a cataract there. Well believe it or not the IOL we removed it when we cut in half but there was an IOL in there. Okay, so you get a cataract that's nested inflammation after the surgery. So you see a tremendous amount of this white, inflammatory membrane around what was left after they had the cataract surgery. Now, I'm gonna have you guys have to memorize this term again. This is one of those double misnomers that you have to memorize. This is called feco-anaphylactic endothelmitis. Now it's a double misnomer, why? Because anaphylactic assumes it's an IgG mediated allergic reaction which it's not. Endothelmitis assumes it's infectious which it's not. So this is one of those double misnomers. But in any event, this is again a toxic uveitis condition if you've ruptured the lens capsule either surgically or dramatically. So this is a patient with a severe trauma. This guy got kicked by a horse. So watch out for horses hooves because they can do some serious damage. And so the lens capsule ruptured here internally inside the eye and he had a tremendous amount of inflammation. And here you can see this, believe it or not, is what's left of the cornea, the iris. This is the lens. Here's some lens cortical fibers. Look at all those inflammatory cells around that ruptured lens capsule. And here we have a close-up. What kind of cells are these down here? All surrounding that lens. Yeah? Macrophages. There are macrophages in there but there are also these smaller ones with the smaller- Lymphocyte. Lymphocytes. And so you get, they call this zonal granulomotus inflammation. So you get some lymphocytes and then you get some macrophages. You can even get multi-nucleated giant cells in this entity. So this is a focal granulomotus inflammation. And here you have a ruptured lens capsule and you see these inflammatory cells are some big macrophages in here and they even form, what is this? Niko. Giant cells. Giant cells, exactly. And so double misnomer, FACO, anaphylactic endoplamidus. So it's not anaphylactic, it's not an endoplamidus. It's an immune reaction to lens protein. And so if you rupture a lens capsule dramatically, you get a tremendous release of those lens proteins and you get this immune reaction. The original entity of FACO-anaphylactic endoplamidus was described in the 1920s and believe it or not, in the 1920s people were beginning to do crude extra caps wearing surgical loops and making big cuts and kind of pulling stuff out of the eye and then putting giant sutures in them. And so these patients would get a pretty raging inflammation. Well, after that, the technology evolved such that people were removing the entire lens. And so you do what was called an intracap so you wouldn't have any cortical material left around to cause an inflammation. But in the late 70s, early 80s, people went back to starting to try to do extra caps. And some of the extra caps were very crudely done and were leaving gobs of protein behind from the lens cortical material which would cause the FACO-anaphylaxis. It is. It can occur after trauma. It can occur after trauma. It can occur relatively acutely. So after trauma it occurs right away. After surgery, I haven't seen a FACO-anaphylactic endoplamidus for a while now. I mean, sometimes if you again had a difficult cataract surgery, you've ruptured the capsule, there's still gobs of cortex in the peripheral you could get, FACO-anaphylaxis. This comes from the first report of FACO-anaphylactic endoplamidus in 50 years.  And so, believe it or not, this wasn't reported for like 50 years. And then it started making a comeback in the early 80s. As we got better at doing cataract surgery with circular capsillotomies, instead of irregular canopiners and good IA's sucking out the cortex, this is pretty much faded away. You don't see this very often. But, you've got to know the name because FACO-anaphylactic endoplamidus is confusing because again, it's a double misnomer. So it's almost like, what's the other double misnomer we talk about?


Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com. Happy Father's Day to all 2020 Panini Select Baseball 4 box random team break number 10 from jaspyscasebreaks.com. Big thanks to all of these folks right here for getting into the action and There's all the teams right there. Let's roll it. Let's randomize it 6 and a 3 9 times late to the party ace. We already know 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 And 9 oh he's lagging. He said nice. All right, so there's 6 and a 3 9 times David Covington down to Adam 6 and a 3 9 times for the teams and 9th and final time after 9 we got the red legs down to the Giants All right So David you have the reds Nick with the Mets Barry with the Nats Nick with the Rangers Kyle with the Cardinals Richard with the Yankees Marissa with the Rockies Jeff Brown with the Tigers Chris Boggs with the Marlins Adam with the Diamondbacks Kyle with the Mariners Jake with the Astros Dennis last spot mojo star next to your name A's for you Nicholas Casper with the Halos Adam with the Coveys Ricky with the Orioles Roy with the Pirates Adam with the Padres Jeff with the Blue Jays Chris with the Red Sox Ryan H with the White Sox Chad you got my Dodgers Rick with the Brew Crew Fuad with the Rays Richard with the Royals Stephen K with the Braves Richard Z with the Twins Miguel with the Phillies Richard with the Indians and Adam with the Giants Let's sort this by column B And I grabbed it from that original case we did earlier today I just grabbed four random boxes right there. Remember the green slashes that I put in there So we're gonna do those four Picks randomly. We're gonna hit the pause button when we come back. We're gonna see if there's any trade and the brakes took around Hi everyone Welcome back. There were no trades Random team 10 right here. There you go. Thanks everyone for getting in Remember I made those marks right there Let's see what we got good luck got family feud on in the background, of course, this is what it's come to I don't know when live sports is ever gonna happen again. I Don't know today Not confident about live sports coming back any live team sports coming back Any of the major American team sports coming back? But tomorrow This is how crazy the world is tomorrow I could be like, oh, it's totally coming back My opinion changes every day. So we got a one and won't end up watching the feud instead If there was a game show that you could be on what game show would that be? Let's go past and present game shows So you can go back in time. We've got a wonder Franco die-cut Stephen K. Jeopardy Jeff Brown says Jeopardy. I would love to do Jeffrey. I don't think I'm smart enough 93 out of 99 Lewis Thorpe Jersey and autograph That is for who got randomized the twins that's gonna be for Richard Dennis's name that tune. You know what show I would like to a past show that I would like to be on Remember that Nickelodeon show guts. I always thought that was a really cool show Dammatics is prices, right? Are the Espeys on tonight? No, no, I Usually don't watch the Espeys in the in the first place. So I guess Espeys were off my radar. Here's Joey Vado Raphael Devers Red Sox gray going to Chris Boggs If I need more top loaders Got Jack Flaherty 15 out of 50 Cardinals That is for Kyle Kyle cook with that. I think Jack Flaherty's from the LA area I'm thinking of someone else Eloy Jimenez Nice, uh, cracked ice Eloy Jimenez for the White Sox going to Ryan Harold Stephen K. Gong show I think that was a yeah, it was more of a variety variety show talent show Maybe Tom has a trivia question. Who is the number one spot on top 10 breaker this week who? Don't know who'd that be Josh Zetz would go press your luck. There's a game show he'd love to be on That's a good show I think all you do is you press buttons, right? And then you win money And there's the whammy guy that runs around Everyone's seen the Everyone's seen the press your luck, uh Video right of the guy who like Studied the the light patterns that go around the big board on press your luck. Has everyone seen that? It's an old video. I'm sure everyone's seen If not, and you're familiar with the show. It's worth a look Figured out the the light patterns And then you went to press the button to avoid the whammy to win all this money Not surprisingly they uh They changed it up the board after that happened Price's writes a good one Dan Maddox. I I feel like I just never get I never get the price is right when I'm playing And they're like, yeah, that's what a washing machine costs, right?  You just know joe and I was like, all right, whatever Roberto Alomar that is uh indians edition that's going to go to richard z We got Justin Dunn to 149 for seattle Jake rogers jersey Jake rogers going to detroit jeff brown not numbered Fernando tetease jr. To 199 Wow, he got 38 points on opera places. That can't be the number one answer library has to be like Wow, they won the car this family won the car And they won the fast money What a week for them seven out of ten wander franco There you go rays flood with the rays The guy even said under his breath.  No, it was not you a chang For the tribe jersey and autograph for richard z 45 out of 209 ronald acuña jr. White prism to 150 that is that'll be for cven k and the bravos All card ship in this select two by the way, so if I miss like a variation or something There's tony gonsolin for the dodgers 33 out of 199 Big big cat's guy a cat guy With the animal not the musical Chad b with the dodgers two more boxes to go Four box random team break number 10 Good luck pig.  She's very excited to meet see farby From european vacation. I've never seen that I might have I don't remember that though. Oh the show griswolds won their vacation on us. Uh, are we open for customers yet? No I think we're allowed to be Actually Now that I think about it. I think I gave someone the wrong information the other day I think we're allowed to be But we're just not ready to be We're in the we're kind of in the middle of a of a little remodel We still have curbside available though There's a silver mic trout for the angels nicholas. So I guess technically we are open We have been open. There's ranny johnson mariners jersey goes to kyle But no not now to open for for walk ins just yet I think we're we still we started these little this remodel plan and then we were thinking that this was this Stuff was going to be closed for a longer period of time As hose a braille for the white socks ryan h Turn out to be a little bit sooner and then we're kind of in the middle of remodel and Kind of reconfiguring the store, but I don't know what the I think the restrictions for businesses are There's probably capacity restrictions Which I don't know the specifics of I guess whatever the fire marshal says Our store can contain and then maybe half that or a quarter of that um I think there's like Social distancing rules. That's probably part of the Part of how many people you can have max kepler 25 And then I think businesses need like Everyone needs to wear face masks. I guess It's 209 jersey an autograph nice aj puck Dennis jankin flash Bob mojo So yeah, I think the I think uh I think with that and I think we're just setting up the store in such a way that there's no really Nothing's really I guess touchable And that's which makes it easy for us to clean But make it more touchable and have sand sanitizer available and all the all the usual stuff. I'm sure all the business. Oh Adbert alzale one of one Whoo adam harper with the cubs Nice getting the young cubs pitching prospect It's supposed to be pretty good I don't know if he's hobby hot yet, but At least baseball wise. I hear he's pretty good. So there you go. That's a one of one Adam All aboard the big hit express It's nice There's mike moustakis to 99 The last box coming up But I was saying before I think we're going to set up the store in such a way that That things cannot be touched too often. You know what I mean most most stuff will be in showcases um I think our single cards will be under showcases and Boxes people buy will be under like showcases so they can just kind of point to and say I want that one I think that might be the only significant sort of change There'll be just left handling of stuff By the public, but I think It's not that bad But yeah jaspies and hermosta beach will be open To the public for walk-ins soon A few weeks maybe two three weeks We're building out some new reorganizing some stuff and Building a couple new offices setting up some walls from the office another Mike trout silver Moonshots That's a cool looking card We got out of 75 Wade Boggs Yankees That's going to go to Richard Zimmerman With the Wade Boggs Relic He's got to be part of the all mustache team. I think And it'll be all mustache team Kyle seager to 199 Mariners Cori's brother We got another cub Nico Horner. We got a the cubs pinstripe Right in there That'll be for adam harper christin yellich to 50 white prism Yeah, that's you're right brad. You nailed it. I think the difficult stuff for us to kind of re Reconfigure how we do business is that yeah, this is a social A social spot Who's devers to 25 cracked ice red socks crispogs? so like Yeah, there's a bit of a hangout sort of process here. It's Gavin Lux jersey and auto nice Goes to chad b and the Dodgers So like we before just two months before the pandemic shut everything down Nice Gavin Lux You know, we had like trade nights that had like 50 60 people in the shop get a nice grand opening There's austin meadows raised Look at all that So now we've got to rethink that like maybe tinier trade nights or maybe they're all outdoors You know outside in our parking lot set up some distance tables out there We've got to rethink how we're gonna Do stuff like that another alzale 24 out of 99 for Adam harper and the cubs great break for the cubs in these four boxes There you go cunha jr. At the end and there you have it That was a four box random team break number 10 select baseball. I'm joe for jazby's case breaks.com I'll see you for the next one. Bye. Bye


And so the shortest day came, and the year ended. And everywhere down the centuries of the snow-white world came people, dancing, singing to welcome back the light. They lighted the candles in the winter trees. They hung their homes with evergreen. They burned beseeching fires all night long to keep the year alive. When the new day's sunshine blazed awake, they shouted, reveling through all across the centuries, you can hear them echoing behind us. Listen. All the long echoes sing the same delight, the shortest day and longest night as promise awakens in the sleeping land. They carol, feast, give thanks, and hope for peace. And so do we, here, now, this year and every year. Welcome, you all. And what a joy to welcome you to our celebration of the winter solstice. We gather on this night in the early darkness and refreshing cold of winter to be together, to be in the darkness, to appreciate the restfulness and the peace that comes in the dark and also to recognize that this is the point when the light is reborn. Gathered here in darkness, we draw a circle of community and recognize that the darkness is where we hold seeds of hopes and dreams to come. Round and round the earth is turning, turning always round till morning and from morning round tonight. In the northern hemisphere, the sun is peaking lower in the sky and setting sooner. Each night grows longer as we await the longest night of the year, the winter solstice. The winter solstice celebrates the return of hope to our land as our planet experiences the first slow turn toward greater daylight. Soon we will welcome the return of the sun and the coming of spring. As we do so, let us remember and embrace the positive, enriching aspects of winter's darkness. To lure the sun back to us, we light candles, burn the eulog and decorate our houses with light. Many religions have a son-child born this time of year, a child who lights the way back to life. But it's not just children newly born who carry the light and give renewed hope for the world. Each and every one of us carries that light. As we gather this evening, hold in your heart this question. How do you carry the light? How will you carry the flame of hope, love and justice with you into this new year? How do you carry the light? I invite you to rise in body or in spirit and join us in calling in of the spirits. Please turn to the brightening east, spirit of the east, home of the rising sun. We welcome you into our circle this night. We feel the embrace of spring winds stirring our minds. We hear the soft rustle of air through leaves. We feel life renewing itself again and again. Here, knowledge is born on light, swift wings. We kindle this fire today in the east and invoke the spirit of air. Flow within us wind of love. Let there be truth and knowledge, spirit of the air. Be with us tonight. Please turn to the blazing south, spirit of the south, spirit of the noonday sun. We welcome you into our circle this night. We feel the blast of summer wind igniting passion. We hear the sharp crackle of dancing flames. Here, transformation rains. Here, cleansing fires temper and renew. The sun at the noon of its majesty illuminates the world and ignites the spark of life within us all. We kindle this fire today in the south and invoke the spirit of fire. Flow within us, O flame of life. Let there be passion and inspiration, spirit of fire. Be with us tonight. Please turn to the watery west, spirit of the west, spirit of failing light of the setting sun. We feel the caress of autumn in awakening dreams. We hear the ebbing and flowing of the sea. Here, intuition rains. We hear emotion flickers in the depths of the dark springs. The well fills with the waters of the bosom of the earth. The cup overflows with deep wisdom. We kindle this fire today in the west and invoke the spirit of water. Flow within us, O well of life. Let there be wisdom and intuition, spirits of the water. Be with us tonight. Please turn to the frozen north, spirit of the north, spirit of the star-strewn midnight sky. We feel the bite of winter wind chilling heart and bone. We hear the crunch of snow beneath our feet. Here winter grasps the land. Here darkness rains. Dreams are born and nurtured. The seeds of peace are sown. The visions of a new world are nourished. We kindle this fire today in the north and invoke the spirit of earth. Grow within us, tree of life. Let there be strength and courage. Spirits of the earth, be with us tonight. And now we will light our chalice symbolizing our center. Welcome the night. The longest night has come once more. The sun has set and darkness fallen. The trees are bare. The earth asleep and the skies are cold and black. Yet tonight we rejoice in this longest night embracing the darkness that enfolds us. We welcome the night and all that it holds as the light of the stars shines down. Please rise and body or in spirit and join us in singing hand number 1067, Mother Earth, Beloved Garden. Beloved Garden, leaving treasure underfoot. All our days you ground our being sage and this egress and root. Thirst to heal us, plants to feed us, land to entend and plow. With the pandas deep as midnight north we ask you be here. Nation holds together as we breathe our minds secretly and give. Raging whirlwind whispered breezes, violence, gale and gentle cloud. With the blade as sharp as morning east we ask you be here. Rather fire, gray transformer, share the passion of the sun. In our hearts your home stands full and heats our homes. With the wanges all that cover spirit in tuition, in the center of conscience. Deepest values voice inside with a drum and whip. By the fire and I'll tell you a tale for this longest night. It's a story about the rebirth of the sun. Now it was the middle of winter and the sun had grown very old. All year long the sun had worked very hard, rising and setting day after day. All year long the sun had fed everybody on earth. Shining and shining giving energy to the trees and the flowers and the grasses so they could grow and feed the animals and the birds, the insects and the people. All year the sun's gravity held tight to the spinning ball of the earth and the twirling ball of the moon and the other whirling planets as they traveled around and around and around until the poor sun was dizzy watching it all. Now the poor tired sun could barely make it up in the morning and after a very short time needed to sleep again. So the days grew shorter and the nights grew longer until the day was so short. It was hardly worth getting up for. Night felt sorry for the sun. Come to my arms and rest child, Knight said. After all I am your mother. You were born out of my darkness billions of years ago and will return to me when all things end. Let me cradle you now as I shelter every galaxy and star in the universe. So Knight wrapped her great arms around the sun and the night was very long indeed. Why does the dark go on so long? The children asked won't the sun ever come back again? The sun is very tired, the old one said. But maybe if you children say thank you for all the things the sun does for us the light may return in the morning. The children sang songs to the sun and they thought about all the things the sun gave them. Thank you for growing the lettuces and the corn and the rice and the wheat, they said. Thank you for growing the trees of the forest and the seaweed in the oceans and the krill that feeds the whales. Thank you for stirring the air and making winds that bring the rain.  Wrapped safely in the arms of night, the sun grew younger and younger. At last the children had to go to bed. We will stay up and wait for the sun to rise again, the old one said.  The children asked. You can try, but you will get too sleepy. But you can each light a candle because all fire is a spark of the sun's fire. Put your candle in a very safe place and let it keep vigil for you as you sleep and dream of sunrise. So the children lit their candles and put them in very safe places in each flame was a little spark of the sun's fire. And the sun peeped out from between the arms of night and saw all those little fires and began to feel warmer and brighter and younger still. Early in the morning, the old ones woke the children. Together they climbed a high hill and faced to the east the direction of sunrise. They sang songs to the sun and ran around trying to keep warm. They waited and waited to see what dawn would bring. The sky began to turn from black to indigo to blue. Slowly the sky grew light. A golden glow crept over the horizon. Night opened her great arms and in a burst of brightness the sun appeared new and strong and shining. For in the long night the sun had rested well. For the sun was held and safe and well loved in the arms of night. The sun had grown young from the songs and the thanks of the children, young as a brand new baby born out of night once more. Everybody cheered and the children jumped up and down. The sun has returned. The sun is reborn. The people cried and they danced and sang to celebrate the birth of a new day. And the sun coming home once more. What a magnificent and glorious day indeed. Teach, please, and people of the world. Okay, King and the Holly King, a yule story for our times. The story is told that in the beginning there were two gods who were brothers. And like many brothers they struggled with each other for ascendance and power. One brother was the king of the forces of light, light and warmth. He wore a crown made of green oak branches and brought with him all growth and vitality, fertility and abundance. He was called the Oak King. His brother was the king of the forces of death, cold and darkness. He wore a crown made of the prickly Holly branches and brought with him all withering and decay, stillness and hibernation. He was called the Holly King. The brothers were identical in strength and so year after year the same pattern was repeated. Each year the Oak King would grow strong and mighty and during his time of dominance the light would gradually increase bringing with it warmth and abundance. But each year at the height of his power he would be thrown down by the Holly King. In the wake of the Holly King's victory the light would gradually wane and as it did cold would come and the land would go dormant. But at the height of the Holly King's power he would be challenged again by the Oak King and would fall and the cycle would repeat again and again and again. Alone the brothers were equals but soon there came a race of beings known as people. The people watched this cycle and pretty soon they began to take sides. The people loved light and warmth and they feared darkness and cold. And so each year they would celebrate the victory of the Oak King but they would mourn the victory of the Holly King. When the two struggled with each other the people would lend their strength of their voices and their bodies, their minds and their spirits to the Oak King. But the Holly King was without their support and so time went by. Over time the people's adoration of warmth and light only grew and so they began to invent ever new ways to find light in the darkness and warmth in the cold. And finally if they wished it they could spend all of their time in the light they had created and they could be warm all year long. But their efforts to stay always in the light and the warmth were not without consequences. Generations passed and generations again and the people did not at first notice the shifts in the balance. But finally they could ignore it no longer. The people began to notice that darkness was disappearing from the land driven out by millions of lights the people had created. Animals birds plants even people began to suffer the effects of light unbalanced by darkness. But it was not just darkness that was disappearing cold began to flee to the whole world began to get warmer. Summer became sooner came sooner and lasted longer ice that had been frozen far longer than the longest memory of the oldest person in the land began to melt. Migrating birds and animals began to be confused about when to begin their migration plants found themselves rooted in climates that no longer supplied their needs. The air was changing and the winds that had brought rain and taken it away again began to flow in unexpected directions causing drought here and flood there. The people began to see that their support of warmth and light over cold and darkness had altered the balance of the whole world. They began slowly one at a time to realize that the Holly King was dying and for the first time this thought filled them with fear. What would happen if the balance continued to be destroyed? Could they even survive in a world without the Holly King? And in the world of the gods the Oak King realized it too. And though they had been competitors all these many centuries he also realized that he loved his brother deeply and could not live without him. The longest night came and the Oak King and the Holly King met again but this time the Oak King had no heart for the fight. He lay down his sword and spear. He came open handed to his brother who was struggling just to stay on his feet. The Oak King wrapped the Holly King in a tight embrace and he promised to set aside their enmity and to help his brother heal. On the night when he usually claimed ascendance the Oak King realized that the world was already too warm and too light. And so he laid the great oak crown on the head of his brother, took his hand and each supporting the other. They went out into the world to see what could be done to restore balance. Round and round the earth is turning, turning always round till morning and from morning round to night. Round and round the earth is turning, turning always round till morning and from morning round to night. Round and round the earth is turning, Turning all the earth is turning, Turning all is round till morning, And from round the earth is turning, Turning all is round till morning, And from morning round till night, And round the earth is turning, Turning all is round till morning, And from morning round to night, The earth is turning, Turning, oh, is all this morning, Turning, oh, is all this morning, Turning, oh, is all this morning, Turning, oh, is all this morning, Turning, oh, is all this morning, And from morning round and night, Round the earth is turning, always round till morning, and from morning round to night. How Fire Came to the People This story is based on various versions of the Keruk myth. The Keruk, meaning upriver, people are native to the rugged Klamath River region of northwest California. With their neighbors, the Uruk, Hoopa, and Shasta, they share many of the old stories. This is one of them. Long ago, the animal people had no fire. Day and night, they huddled in their houses in the dark and ate their food uncooked. In the winter, they were so cold icicles hung from their fur. They were miserable. Then one day, wise old Coyote gathered everybody together. We have heard about fire, he said, but the only fire is far upriver at the world's end. It's guarded by the Yellow Jacket Sisters high atop a snowy mountain. They are wicked and will not share it. But listen, if we all cooperate and work together, we can steal the fire. There was much fearful murmuring about the Yellow Jacket Sisters, but all grew quiet as Coyote told them his plan. Then he went on his way. Grandfather Coyote slowly trudged up the mountain at the world's end. When at last he came to the Yellow Jacket's house, smoke was rising from the smoke hole. Coyote looked inside. The three old sisters were sitting around the fire. Coyote said, as friendly as can be, if you let me in, I'll make you all look pretty. Suspicious, the three sisters put their heads close together and buzzed. Come in, they said, but no tricks. Old man Coyote sat down and took a chunk of oak bark between his toes and held it in the fire. When it had burned onto a blackened coal, he marked their yellow faces and bodies with black stripes to make them pretty. Now said Coyote, if you close your eyes, I will make you even prettier. Here was Coyote's chance. While the Yellow Jacket's eyes were closed, he took the charred oak in his teeth and silent as the moon in the sky he crept outside. Then he raced down the mountain like the wind. When the Yellow Jacket Sisters found out that Coyote had tricked them, they were screaming mad. They too flew like the wind and it wasn't long until they caught up to Coyote. They were almost on him when Coyote tripped, rolled downhill like a snowball and landed smack at Eagle's feet. Snatching the glowing coal in his talons, Eagle spread his wings and took to the sky. Eagle was swift, but the Yellow Jacket soon caught up with him. Suddenly Eagle dropped the coal below mountain lion, caught it in his great teeth and bounded off through the snow. Still, the furious Yellow Jackets followed. Just as they were about to sting mountain lion, Fox snatched the fiery coal and bounced in among the tall cedar and pine. Fox ran and ran until she was so tired she couldn't take another step. She huffed and huffed. Her breath made clouds and the Yellow Jackets were right behind her. Just in time Bear took the fire and lunged away through some brambles. Bear too was quick, yet the Yellow Jackets were right on top of her. Even Bear could not fight them off and she finally tumbled in exhaustion. As Bear fell, measuring worm, the long one took the fire. The long one stretched way out over the three ridges, yet the Yellow Jackets were there waiting, ready to strike. Somehow, right under the Yellow Jackets' eyes, Turtle sneaked in, grabbed the fire and scrambled off, but of course Turtle was slow, and one of the Yellow Jackets' sisters stung him in his tail. Aki, aki, aki! Turtle pulled in his head and legs and flip-flopped down the hill, vloom, vloom, vloom. The Yellow Jackets were swarming all over Turtle when Frog leaped out of the river and swallowed the fire, gulp. Then Frog hopped back into the river plot and sat on the bottom. The Yellow Jackets stormed the river circling one, circling twice, circling three times, buzzing the surface. They waited, and they waited, and they waited, but Frog held the fire and his breath. Finally, the Yellow Jackets gave up and flew back home. As soon as the Yellow Jackets' sisters were gone, Frog burst out of the water and spat the hot coal into the roots of a willow growing along the river. The tree swallowed the fire, and the animal people didn't know what to do. Then once again, Coyote came along, and the animal people said, Grandfather, you must show us how to get the fire from the willow. So old man Coyote, who was very wise and knows these things, said, Ha! And he showed them how to rub two willow sticks together over dry moss to make fire. From that time on, the people have known how to coax fire from the wood in order to keep warm and to cook their food. And at night, in the seasons of cold, they have sat in a circle around their fires and listened as the elders told their stories. And so it is, even to this day, Kapanaka Nakana. Today we celebrate the beauty of this darkest and coldest time of the year and the promise of the beginning return of the sun. It is a beautiful time of year, if you have warmth and shelter. This year, especially, we are mindful of those who are homeless or facing the possibility of homelessness or unsafe crowding in families and friends' home as the eviction moratorium expires in little more than a week. Families, in fact, are already on the rise. So 100% of the offering at this service as well as our Christmas Eve and December 27 services will go to support FUS's eviction prevention fund through Just Dane. Your generosity is needed, our generosity this year, more than ever. I invite you to join me in supporting this work that is doing so much to help people in need in Dane County keep their dwellings. We thank you for your generosity and your faith in this life we create together. We have come together from within our many homes to join in this celebration of darkness and light. We have come together out of the cold. Roger and I have done what we could to fill this place with stories and songs. Let us now join together in bringing our light and wishes using our own energy, our power, our hope, and goodwill to encourage the sun to return to us once again. We invite you to think about a wish that you have for our world, for your own life, for those you love. In the season of wishes, what do you wish? If you had but one wish, what would it be? Take your time thinking about it, so much as its stake, an end to all suffering, stop all violence, a solution to poverty and all its ills. Would you wish for love, for forgiveness and healing? Would you wish the world joy or the wisdom to change? Would you wish to understand everything or to know less than you do? Take your time thinking about it, so much as its stake. For a wish is a thought and a thought is an idea. An idea leads to commitment and a commitment cries out for action. A wish can be a dangerous thing, something daring, and it need not be witnessed by the stars to come true. Let us be glad that we are not given just one wish in our lives, but many. Let us be grateful not for wishful thinking, but for the discipline of thoughtful wishing that can lead to change. What would your wish be? Here in the darkness of our sacred space, let us feel the warmth of community, knowing we are not alone. For in the quiet shadow is the glow of life within all. Let us know in the darkness the dreams within all and the gift each one of us bears. We are each a small flame, a diminutive light, and it is a wondrous gift to see another's glow. Let us be in awe at this moment as we bring our wishes together. As our hopes for peace and good will fill this night. And now we invite you to bring your wishes, to light your solstice candles in your homes as we fill this room with light and love and hope once again. Please join us in singing hymn 1063, Winter Solstice Chant. To sing to each other, sisters and brothers, songs of our mother. Here at a winter rest, help us to enjoy your peace. Remind us to pause during the season. Remind us to wish, to hope, to dream. Grant us awareness, keep our gratitude fresh each day. May the songs of our heart be blessings and insights to us and to others. And may compassion always shine forth from the depths of our hearts. I invite you to rise in body and or spirit and sing with me. Deck the hall with boughs of holly. La la la la la, season to be charlie. La la la la la, la la la la la la la la la la. Grateful this night for the spirits who joined us in our circle and released them now. Spirit of the north, power of earth. We thank you for your gifts of growth and nurturing. We ask for your blessing on this solstice night. Spirit of the north, hail and farewell. Spirit of the west, power of water. We thank you for your gifts of cleansing and healing. We ask for your blessing on this solstice night. Spirit of the west, hail and farewell. Spirit of the south, power of fire. We thank you for your gifts of passion and transformation. We ask for your blessing on this solstice night. Spirit of the south, hail and farewell. Spirit of the east, power of air. We thank you for your gifts of clarity and inspiration. We ask for your blessing on this solstice night. Spirit of the east, hail and farewell. The circle is open but never broken. Merry meet and merry part and merry meet again. On this winter's night, we wish you a season of love and light. May you hear the dreams, the hopes, the shout within you waiting to be reborn. Blessed be and go in peace.