It is my great pleasure to facilitate this opening session with my co-host Tracy from IED. My name is Bettina Kohler. I'm with the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Center. I am joining you from South Africa. I know some of you are in Glasgow and so we are of course using this opportunity to have the first ever virtual version of Development and Climate Days. It is indeed a special occasion and so I'd like to say a big welcome to all of you. It's an exciting two days. We already had a session, a set of parallel sessions this morning. We are of course also navigating not as usual in Development and Climate Days, where we are navigating a weekend together, where we are all physically in the same time zone. This time we are navigating time zones, we are navigating weekday obligations, the negotiations, some who are joining from home, other obligations. So thank you all for making the time for joining. Development and Climate Days have a very long tradition. For many years it was traditionally the weekend between week one and week two of the COP. It was, and it still is, a space where we could make sure that civil society voices, but also voices of local governments are heard to really ensure that the climate discourse would also very actively engage and look after most vulnerable communities, engage and would really consider local knowledge, engage and consider and really take to heart local solutions and to really allow learning from the grassroots to the global level and to also allow people from the grassroots level and from NGOs, civil society, to really have a good understanding what is happening on the global level at the COP. So with this I'd like to welcome you all. We have come a very long way. The first initial impulse to start Development and Climate Days many years ago was really to say we need to move the discussion and the discourse from a science discussion that is around greenhouse gas emissions and mainly mitigation to really embrace also development issues. We have really made great progress. We could hear in the last more than a week at COP loss and damage getting a large traction and a lot of attention. Having said this, we also have a long way to go. We are facing vast challenges. I think you all heard and we're going to hear more from our speakers in this plenary to where we have made some progress in the COP where we are still encountering challenges. So this is up to us to really make a difference. It is up to us to really move things forward and I am very pleased to be opening Development and Climate Days in this plenary with my colleague Tracy and the host of Fantastic Speakers. This is the first time that we are gathering virtually that brings new opportunities. For example, maybe better or broader participation, people being able to join without necessarily emitting huge amounts of carbon while flying around the globe. Hopefully Development and Climate Days is also more inclusive as more people can join without having a vast travel budget or the time to travel to Development and Climate Days. Of course, we are also encountering a lot of challenges in this virtual version of Development and Climate Days. We have other obligations. People in Glasgow are pulled in many different directions. Of course, some of us might be struggling with bandwidth issues. We hope we can navigate this as we hope we are navigating the adaptation challenge. That is with flexibility and the sense of humour. The biggest challenge is actually that we don't have coffee breaks. In Development and Climate Days, the informal sessions have always been very precious sessions where we could engage, where we could network, make new connections and actually really be engaged in a way that is new and that is refreshing. While we wish we had a coffee break all of us together, we would like to take this opportunity right now to put you into a breakout room with a person you might have met before or you might have never met before and say three things to whoever you might be encountering in the breakout room. The first one is, can you introduce yourself briefly? Your name, where you're from and then one thing you are really passionate about that you hope we can speak about or tackle in Development and Climate Days today or tomorrow. We only have three minutes so make sure you say this quite briefly.  Thank you for joining this opening Plenary of Development and Climate Days. Lovely to see you here. I think we're all back here and I hope some of you had a chance to hopefully meet someone who you maybe haven't met before, maybe you made a connection and some of you who are Climate Development Days veterans might recall that Salim said at a couple of occasions he has a challenge and that is to speak to at least one or two persons you haven't spoken to before. I think it's an admirable challenge that is certainly timeless. Let's see if even in the virtual space you can actually manage in some way or other in a parallel session and Plenary in the networking sessions to reach out to at least two persons you have maybe not met before. If you just had an introduction, well maybe then you're way ahead and on a good path. With this I'd like to say let's use Development and Climate Days here in the virtual space to engage, to draw on our collective wisdom and also to bring our emotion and our knowledge to move this conversation forward. We don't have much time, we heard that over and over again also in COP we know this and let's make sure we can actually further this agenda of having effective and just action for the most vulnerable communities and with this I hand over to Tracy to guide us through the next segment of the session. Thank you. Thank you Bettina and welcome everyone. We are really glad to have you here. It feels strange because we're used to our physical day and see days where we're able to hug each other and catch up but nevertheless let's make the use, the best use of this. So in the next session we want to link up with what is happening at the COP. We know that most of us in the civil society or non-sector space but we whatever is happening at the COP really concerns us. So introducing myself I'm Tracy Kajumba. I work as a principal researcher with the International Institute for Environment and Development in the Climate Change Group and here with us this morning or afternoon, elsewhere, evening. We have a panel of a team that has been really engaging with what is going on and what we've been emphasizing as we plan for day and see days is how we link day and see days messaging with other initiatives and other events that are going on around the COP so that we're not working in isolation. We need collective action to see the change that we need to see. So I want to introduce the panel that we have this morning. We have Gabriel Jemba who is a delegate of the Democratic Republic of Ethiopia in the negotiations and he has been involved in the negotiations since 2008 so he's really experienced in that. He was elected as chair of the LDC group in the climate change negotiations for two times beginning in January 2017. He's a meteorologist so he understands what is happening and he works with a global green institute in Ethiopia and we also have a second panelist who is Tudor Salazar.  He's currently an intern at UNICEF, Latin America and the Caribbean region. Very passionate about loss and damage, youth participation, intergenerational justice. He's also in Glasgow at the COP following negotiations on loss and damage and adaptation. He also supports a very interesting creation the climate books which is a tool that supports people to access climate-related information through WhatsApp and Facebook so we see innovation there. We have our third panelist Sylvie Wabi's candidate. She's an agronomist and resilience advisor for the Food and Agriculture Organization, Emergence and Resilience Office in Rome but she's also a colleague of the UNFCC Marrakesh Partnership for Global Climate Action and its Climate Resilience Pathways together with the Global Resilience Partnership and both FAO and JRP are co-hosts of the DNC Days 2021. And our last but not least panelist is Dr. Ainka Branderson. She's a senior technical officer in climate change adaptation specialist with lots of experience on community adaptation. She has worked on climate change and environment management in the Pacific and Caribbean islands and she now manages the climate change and disaster reduction for Canary. So that's the panel we have this morning. So we're going to have sort of a conversation feel free to openly tell us what is happening in your own views what you've been following and what needs to go on. So I will start with Gabriel.  So what are the key issues of focus at the UNFCC negotiations at the COP26 now? And what does success look like for the list of off countries? We've been hearing lots of issues concerning AIDS and LDCs and then it would also be great to know what the LDCs are doing themselves to support local related adaptation and resilience, which is the focus for DNC Days. Yeah, thank you. Thank you, Tracy. Good morning. Good afternoon, dear participants. It's a pleasure to be here with you and this very important event. As Tracy introduced, I am currently supporting the LDC group focusing on Article 6. Overall, when we gather here, the key expectations from our group were especially on addressing the mitigation gap. When you look at what the science is asking us and where we are in terms of aggregates LDC all over the world, we are far below what has been required. So one of the key asks from the LDC group was, we need to fill the gap. We have been seeing global leaders last week talking nice things, but we need that talk to be translated into action on the ground. So more ambition. We need to see it in their indices, ambition on action and support. That's finance. So this is one of our key asks and what we expect this COP to deliver, increasing ambition, both on action and support, filling the gap. And then, of course, to realize the LDC, we need to finalize the rulebook. So there are some outstanding issues. As you all know, Article 6 is one of the crunch issues which we need to address. We have been negotiating it for the last six years after Paris. It's time now. We need to, I think the world is watching us. So we have been really emphasizing, we need to deliver. And the other issue is on the common time frames on five-year versus ten-year cycle. It seems there's some converges on it. So these are also one of our key asks. Of course, more progress on loss and damage as well, both in terms of the process as well as support for loss and damage. So overall, these are the four kind of key asks what we are expecting from this COP. So these are our asks, and our offer to the overall process is like we have been really global leaders in terms of really showing by doing, by coming up with an ambitious LDC, negotiating in a good phase to come up with a result. So unfortunately, in some of the issues like on Article 6, we have been meeting a lot the whole last week. Instead of moving from one iteration to the other, like breathing in and out, we don't see significant progress. So I do believe that it will, this week, the high-level session, the ministry, I will start. That's where compromise is to happen. So for us, best outcome would be an outcome which doesn't make everyone happy. So we are ready to be unhappy because that's what compromise means. So now it's going to be in the hands of our ministers. Our technical experts exhaust such their mandates. We are not ready for compromise. So on finance, there's some progress, but overall, to assess the progress, we need to wait for the final day. But across there are some progress, some delays, but this week is more the high-level session. And we'll see. We believe you are optimistic as a group to see a more balanced search and something which will help our environment rather than helping few countries for short-term benefits. We are looking at the long-term impact which we need to really contribute. So here is where we are in terms of negotiation. So we'll have more updates in due course, of course. Regarding the early cease engagement on the local-led adaptations, as you all know, LIFEAR, it's a list of countries for effective adaptation in residence, which was launched some three years back, has already set a vision of net zero by 2050, of course, following a residence buzz by 2030. We put our key offers, what we can do, what we are looking for our partners, because in our world, I mean, like, it doesn't have boundary, our environment doesn't have boundary like political ones. So unless we all act together, we will not bring any change. So we put our ask, we also provide what we can do, setting a vision, doing things in a business unusual way. So if you look at what's happening now in terms of residence building, really, it's keeping us in a vicious circle of maladaptation, because if you look at the approach to top-down sector-specific short-term, there are a number of intermediaries in between. So if you look at the most studies show that not more than 10% of the resource is reaching the local community, should we keep this business unusual way of things? I don't think so. So for that, what we have been proposing is in a business unusual way of delivering things in a bottom-up approach for the comments to own the process across the value chain from planning, implementing, and reporting. That way, if we give them that capacity, then we'll be able to see more impact within a short period of time. So in that regard, LIBR has been undertaking a number of activities with partners. Recently, the recent update is like, we have a number of partners who signed the Compact in Madrid. This Monday, the last Friday, US and Norway joined the new Compact signatories. So we are bringing a number of partners to support us. We developed a 10-year plan, which is to be implemented in six front-runner countries across Africa and Asia. That piloting, we believe we are not to replace the big financers. Our aim is to pilot something in a different way so that others will learn out of it. So for the sake of time, I'll stop here. But we have lots of progress, which I will not go into details, but we are progressing well, and countries are choosing, the front-runner countries are choosing which channel they are going to follow in piloting. They're doing the two-institution analysis, and from next year onwards, we'll start the piloting across the six front-runner countries. Thank you, Therese. Thank you very much, Gabriel, for that update, especially what is happening at the COP, very interesting, and the tensions in there. So we'll see what happens in this week, but thanks for the update for what happened in week one. And also sharing what the LDCs are doing themselves to move towards effective adaptation and resilience. So we will move to our second panelist, R2, the youth. Gabriel has mentioned loss and damage, and we all know that there has been a lot of conversation on loss and damage, lots of events, not just at the COP, but throughout this year. There has been really momentum on loss and damage. So from the side of the youth, I know there are youth groups that have been working on loss and damage activism. So what do you look at as the, what does it mean for the youth if the decisions at the COP don't really support loss and damage? And what is at stake for you as young people? Tracy, hello. I guess you were referring to me. My connection was really bad, and then I had to stop, but I guess you were referring to me. But thank you very much for everyone, for your time, and also thank you very much for the invitation to be part of this panel. So the question would be, what is not at stake in this climate crisis? Well, I want to refer to one of recent studies that UNICEF has released in August, this last August, which is the Children's Climate Risk Index. And in this report, or in this index that has been developed by UNICEF, it mentions that the climate crisis is a child rights crisis. So what at stake is mainly that rights for children and youth in all these contexts. Unfortunately, yes, children and youth have been tokenized in these last COP, well, I'm in COP in the UNFCCCC processes since COP 20 when it was in Lima, in my country. And since then, I could see how young people or the participation of young people has been undermined, and has, I would even say misused in the sense of we have been always invited for the pictures. We have been always invited to be, you know, to tick the box saying, okay, we have invited young people, they are included. But at the same time, when we speak out or when we bring up our voices, nothing is reflected in the documents. So that's something that we have to put special focus if we want to talk about inclusiveness. Loss and damage is an important topic that has been also historically, from my perspective, left behind from the negotiations. We as or myself as a person from a developing country, I'm from Peru. And also, I want to bring the voices from my fellows from the small island developing states who are the most affected in all these, let's say, negotiations and climate game, I call it even sometimes because it seems that people in the negotiations are just playing who has more power than others. So in this sense, loss and damage, I think, should have more focus from our climate leaders. And also, I would like to stress the point that the finance in this sector is key to solve or to carry out projects that can reduce the risks for many communities. I hear that Scotland has committed to provide some finance in this regard, but I think so far the unique country that is open to that. But we see other nations that have more economic power that are the main producers of CO2 and other greenhouse gases that are not taking part of these negotiations or are not taking part of this discussion on financing the loss and damage or even talking about the agenda. They are just delaying and some other countries simply bring other topics on the table. And it's not fair at all. And from the young perspective, I would say that it's sad that we are not being represented in these negotiations. Myself, I luckily had the batch from a party overflow so I can access to the negotiations. But as such, as a young representative, I mean, I'm sort of illegally going and bring the youth perspective, but there is no young representatives from the countries. From my experience in this COP, I have seen only, I would say, from the total amount of countries that are here, 98% or 95% of the countries don't have a young representative. And if they are young representatives from those countries are young people that are looking by themselves their ways to come here, even though it's a very expensive country and it's very difficult to access. So I think we have to acknowledge that from many young leaders from around the globe that are coming here to bring their voices. Yeah, and I'm also glad that in these last years, the young perspective has been positioned in the negotiations, but still needs to be meaningfully included. And I'm also glad that academia is also paying attention to loss and damage, the private sector as well, even though many are using this as we have here, for sure, this greenwashing thing that is going around the negotiations or the COP26. And yeah, so just keep in mind what is not at stake if we don't discuss loss and damage. Thank you. Thank you very much, Attu, for that reflection, but very touching that we see exclusion of youth voices. And you know, they're not in the spaces where they should be and children and other groups. So let's continue with that struggle. We don't know what will come out in the second week, but let's watch the space. We'll move to our next panel. Let's Sylvie, who's going to talk about the Marrakech partnership for global climate action. So Marrakech partnership is supposed to really enhance the implementation of the Paris Agreement with high level champions. It should also be sort of leading us to direction for action. So Sylvie, what do you see as the connection with the Marrakech partnership for global climate action and what we're trying to achieve at the ANC days? Thank you. Thank you, Tracy. Hello to everyone. I hope you can hear me well. Really, it's my pleasure to be with all of you and to speak quickly to those important linkages. This is important because I had really the chance to belong both in this Marrakech partnership process and the development climate days. I'm not the old timer in the development climate days, but I think there's enough, a few years is enough to learn and share a bit where we stand today. I don't know how many of you know about the Marrakech partnership, but the development in climate days was nearly 20 years old. It was started in 2002. And it was really an idea to bring the voices of the communities and non-state actors along the process of the COP. The Marrakech partnership is very similar in terms of objectives, but the timing is different. It was only launched in 2017 by the high level climate champions, Mahoko and France. And it was the idea to give a more official space and platform to the so-called non-state actors. It's served by the UNF People See Secretariat and it's a sort of official platform for the non-state actors and led by the high level climate champion. The event took place here yesterday and in terms of content, we really have a lot of similarities because both the Marrakech partnership and especially its climate resilience pathway and the DNC days focus on climate resilience. Climate resilience across and within sectors promoting climate risk management implemented by humanitarian climate and development actors. It really focuses on practical climate action, really concrete examples coming from people working on the field. It puts emphasis on the frontliners advocating for the action for people nature first. And this is also at the core of what the climate champions have launched last year which is the Race to Resilience campaign. If both DNC days and Marrakech partnership have similar themes, the Marrakech partnership has seven sectoral themes which are land, use, ocean, water, energy, transport, human settlement and industry. And two cross-cutting themes, one is resilience and one is finance. And here I'm speaking to you as a co-leader on the climate resilience because we're trying in the Marrakech partnership to promote a pathway, a vision for joint action and climate resilience for the people putting nature and the needs of people at the center. The DNC days at least in the last two sessions of COP25 today, we have similar themes. Climate resilience is really put in the five themes which are most sectoral, which are cities, agri-food system and finance. So that's a similarity in the themes. But there's also similarities in terms of the climate risk management tools which are promoted. Nature-based solution and early warning, early action or forecast-based financing are among the suite of the nine climate risk management actions which are part of the climate resilience pathway. Maybe I'm going a bit fast, but this is really in essence, the content is very similar. Now on the process and constituency, we have many actors and partners which are similar. They are the same in both these processes in the Marrakech partnership resilience pathway that was you know showcasing action yesterday and also in what we are going to discuss today. I already had some talk this morning. Both events bring the voice, aims really to bring the voices from communities and people really on the front line and those that are not heard enough during the car processing. And so this year hopefully with the virtual event of the DNC days we can even give more voices to people on the front line. I would like to conclude that and really thank you for allowing me to bring these two processes together and the global resilience partnership being also a co-leader of the climate resilience pathway of the Marrakech partnership. I would really like to conclude that these processes are very much linked on the urgency and solidarity. As it was mentioned by previous speakers, the solidarity to tackle the climate crisis. We cannot wait and we must all act now, human development, climate, finance, business and peace-building actors. But we need to have this shared language to shape and share a resilience, climate resilience narrative around this key suite of climate risk management actions or tools. That is a common way forward in an emergency. We can no longer face the fragmentation that we have today. We need to understand one another and act together. Nothing really these two processes are trying to aim at this. Thank you very much and we can do this today and we can better share our action and narrative together for building climate resilience society. Thank you. Thank you so much Sylvie for your interventions and indeed really we need coherence, we need solidarity and that takes us to the next and last speaker on locally led adaptation. There has been for the last two years a lot of work on locally led adaptation. IID working with WRI and other partners came up with principles of locally led adaptation and the background to that really was around all the disjointed interventions, finance not being accessible, not being flexible. The same issues that we are discussing and we've seen governments and donors joining in. We had FCDU and Ireland but at the Cope this time there's been a lot of work on LLA, a lot of sessions. We've seen the need to see the USA and the Dutch foreign affairs joining into the partnership. We have over 70 organizations signed up but then we also recognize there are so many other interventions across the board working on climate and resilience. So Dr. Anka, how can learning sharing and advocacy spaces like BNC days and all those others contribute to locally led adaptation and building on Sylvie's point working together in solidarity have been the same message. Thank you Tracy. Firstly, good morning, good afternoon or good evening depending on where you are. It's really lovely to be able to join you virtually from the beautiful aisles of Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean for this panel. So thanks for the question which is an interesting one. I think sharing knowledge and experiences is really critical for us to learn and really get a sense of what is working and what isn't. Antidentify good practices and innovation in locally led adaptation that can be scaled up and out. You know when we're hard at work focused on our specific projects we tend to think about things very narrowly in our silos and not to have the headspace to problem solve creatively and it's really out of the dialogue out of these kind of informal spaces like the DMT days that some of the most creative ideas are born and fleshed out with people from different perspectives, practitioners, policy makers, activists and academics that are coming together. And so really the DMT days at Crop this year will be an extension of that global community of practice for locally led adaptation that currently exists for all those that have endorsed the principles and really trying to sort of solidify and unify around what needs to be done to translate the principles into action. But my organization the Caribbean Natural Resources Institute Canary has really thoroughly enjoyed being part of that practice, which is very evenly co-led by the team at IID and WRI. And then over the course of 2021, there's been a lot of shared learning as part of that community in terms of mapping I think over a hundred examples of locally led adaptation and being delivered with non-states as well as state actors and writing a series of dialogues you know across Africa, Asia Pacific, Latin America and the Caribbean to really understand what makes these efforts business and usual, what have been the challenges and to really highlight some of the good practices of the innovative models of finance and governance that you really want to try and scale up and replicate. Making the DMT days will provide a really invaluable space to put in these dialogues about how we can translate the principles into action and get money where it matters to really meet the needs of those on the front lines. I think of course there's also fantastic opportunities to really join together and amplify the voices of the most vulnerable who are often missing in these spaces at COP from the SIDS and from the LDCs to advocate for the outcomes that we want to see. The side events are really the most interesting parts of COP but COP is about the negotiations in the end and we need to see ambitious and accelerated action, not just more blah blah as Mithy Tan, Gressa Sunberg and all the young activists have been putting it so plainly at Saturday's marches in Glasgow and in other spaces. We really want to see some very concrete action and you know as a regional NGO we work very closely with small state officials across the Caribbean for example and when I go out to work with them I often get some version of it's really tough you know we have to go further, we spend more money on gas, there's less fish, you know there's all this sad gas on seary that's blocking up the beaches and our engines and the women that sell and clean the fish you know complain that there's not enough fish that people want to buy and it's so hot in the market they have to spend more time getting ice and the fish spoils more quickly and these are the people on the front line that we need to help that we need to advocate for and they're very interested in climate smart and more sustainable practices, they can both add value and make their enterprises more resilient but in a co-developing a sustained program of work with these fisher folk requires long-term flexible financing which is not readily available and a recognition that no adaptation for example in fisheries context looks a lot like good development and this should not reduce the fundability because it's not purely about reducing climate risks and so I think that's another key thing that I wanted to point out and so there have been some very exciting pledges made over the last week had caught in terms of scaling up finance dedicated to locally led adaptation I think as you just mentioned there are over 70 organizations that have now endorsed the principles and their number of key multilaterals and bilateral funders that have come on board with a few pledges coming from Denmark, Sweden, US, UK just yesterday in a really fantastic kind of session that was led by IUWI and in aligning this work with the principles to ensure that we're improving the quality and effectiveness of this financing so that we're delivering it in ways that are tailored to the needs of those in the front lines and empowering these actors to really design and implement adaptation options for fair and just outcomes so we really want to see the endorsements and pledges continue and to translate into concrete programs and so I mean I think that's it for me thank you yeah thank you so much I think bringing these issues to light it's not about talking we need to see action happening at the local level thank you so much to the panelists for all this very informative conversation I would like to hand back to Bettina now for the next session thank you thank you so much and I must say I see in the chat happening what sometimes happen as DNC days and it really delights me so thank you for all to engaging in the chat asking if someone works on climate and health because we have someone writing a PhD on it and responding to it this is really amazing you're bringing this spirit of DNC days into this virtual space so thank you all for this I really was inspired by the speakers I also really resonated with the voice of Arturo thank you so much Arturo for putting us a bit on the spot and saying so how serious are we about you know not just listening to youth voices but also really including this in the key messaging this taking it forward for this to really be embraced and not just permitted to be heard actually in action that we move forward a challenge to all of us well noted Arturo and thank you so much for shaking us up a little bit I think it's what we need we heard earlier DNC days has been traditionally always a space for doing things a little differently some of you might recall a cooking session where Pablo and the chef from Dakar managed to cook some insects that some of us thought were delicious and some were a bit more challenging and it is this spirit that of course is harder to create in this virtual space but nevertheless we would like to offer you a couple of cartoons that we'd like to share with you now and this is for you time to take action let me see if you can hopefully see this screen here so we worked a lot with Schumer we worked a lot with Schumer and we said how can we bring kanda and creativity to these complex discussions sometimes they're stuck sometimes we know there is an elephant in the room and no one talks about it so what can we do about this how can we actually make this situation and stuck by imagining new ways of doing it so we know that the current systems are failing us how can we actually really imagine better futures and a new way of doing this and what we did is we did a couple of cartoonathons in the last nearly two years on a lot of different events most of them virtual nearly all of them virtual events where actually cartoon artists were listening to our conversations and then putting together cartoons that sometimes were painfully putting the finger where it really hurt I think it makes us laugh but it also makes us realize that actually some of the truth is something we need to face we can laugh about it and then we need to take action this was an event that took place yesterday at the at Glasgow it was a presidency event around exploring loss and damage facilitated by Martin van Alst from the climate center with alexa there the president of the cop and Mia motley prime minister from Barbados and it was amazing to see how people engaged with cartoons to really tackle some of the loss and damage discussions in a different way so I'm really good to see also that people not happening often in Glasgow we're speaking to each other about cartoons and exchanging ideas despite COVID regulations of course of social distancing but also breaking a little bit with a routine that everyone sits in their chair and only is by him or herself we have a cartoon wall demonstrating showcasing about 60 of these cartoons if you feel these cartoons are useful for your work also please feel free to reach out to us there are used you can use them free of charge if they're for nonprofit purposes so please feel free to do this going forward and sometimes cartoons can help us to laugh about ourselves and to unlock a little bit the situation that we find ourselves in because ultimately we're not just thinking about election cycles we're thinking about the long-term future I think atura was talking about the younger generations and I would like to say we can also extend this to future generations so what is it that we need to do that future generations will consider us having been good ancestors I think is a key question and for this we need to be creative but for this we also need to see clearly where things are actually profoundly wrong right now and what we can do about this so here is your time to take action and we have a cartoon gallery that is open David saw the cartoon gallery in the blue zone I'm glad you enjoyed it if you are in Glasgow feel free and if you are in Glasgow you can see if you can track down someone from either the British Red Cross or Martin to see if you can have a cartoon postcard that will only reveal the cartoon if you place your hand on it because it has thermo active paint very cool but for those of you are here please go to the cartoon gallery you can use this tiny URL dot com forward slash dc days 2021 we can also maybe put this in the chat or it's already in the chat if you can click it otherwise type it enter your name here with the where the yellow errors or remain anonymous we don't mind and have a look at the cartoons enjoy them they were all created out of events that happened in the last nearly two years leave your comment here and hit submit and wait moment don't hit submit like 10 times because the system will collapse a bit of patience take a deep breath and look at all the cartoons and please be generous we just have a couple of minutes we just take about three or four minutes to share some of your thoughts of these cartoons what resonates with you what infuriates you what do you think can we do about this are there are certain cartoons that speak to you thank you please submit your last comment if you can and we will have a look at some of the comments here and in on the chat screen please hit submit if you haven't done this yet and let me open the floor and ask anyone how was it to respond to these cartoons let's take just a minute to hear a couple of reflections from the from the floor if you have the opportunity to speak great if we can invite you to just share your microphone open your microphone and share how was it for you to look at these cartoons was it useful were there something that particularly resonated with you let's hear if there are any things you'd like to share great so we see some comments here this one has resonated especially I think with many it's got a lot of comments someone even sees this reflecting loss and damage the world and especially while the country should be spending this money now by using it well or we'll be very sorry yes some great thoughts this one is from a South African cartoon artist mangana and the comments here are speaking to the key issue of flooding that is largely driven by poor planning and development lack of timely action focusing on minor issues because they seem more manageable interesting comments here tackling the underlying causes instead of symptoms this one about the word cloud and how that links to climate and weather is linking very nicely to the blah blah blah theme that we heard earlier and also in of course in of course the deliberations at COP and this one a very hard-hitting one this is actually by a US cartoon artist Pat Burns who also draws cartoons for the New Yorker and this actually emerged as a cartoon from the discussions with negotiators ahead of the COP so very interesting and of course quite hard-hitting a little uncomfortable nearly let me open the floor before we move on to the next one looking at the themes we'll leave the gallery open please feel free to add more comments and we will then of course share this also with the with the proceedings of DNC days no comments it's much harder to put anyone on the spot than the virtual space I see no problem with this let me stop sharing my screen and let's move on to the last big segment of this opening plenary a good way for us to have a good orientation about the themes of these this year's development and climate days we have five themes and we would like to give each of the theme leads the opportunity to briefly introduce the session and the theme what the theme is all about and what we can expect I want to say a huge thanks to all the theme leads that have done a huge amount of work to putting these sessions together they also have they also are going to do some work to really pull out the key messages and so we already thank you very much for the work you have done and the work that you are still going to do and with this I'll hand over first to theme one building resilient agriculture and food systems and I'll give the floor to Sylvie Sylvie the floor is yours and Roman I think you were asked to share the slide from Sylvie thank you oh thank you it's a pleasure to be with all of you and and to speak to you on the important themes of the agri-food system and we have the chance to be sort of a co-facilitator again with the global resilience partnership for this theme and we're very happy that the DNC days are putting that theme regularly through the their favorite theme topics so it's like many years now that we had the chance to have the development and climate days focusing on the agri-food sectors or it could be small holders where there's more livelihood agriculture-based production but it's the main theme of our discussion I would like to take you through just a few key points before introducing the four sessions that you have the chance to participate and we already had the finance sessions this morning which was very interesting I would like to quickly put a pitch on the importance of that theme first of all we're really honored to have this theme and put forward also because Professor Salim Hook is the founder of the development climate days has been also the co-leader at the UN Food Systems Summit that just concluded last September putting really forward the need for transforming our agri-food system and Salim Hook has been the co-leader on the resilience action area this is again to put the emphasis on the convergence and the urgency of addressing the agri-food system all together food touches our everyday life in whether it's from production processing against consumption I'm myself trying to produce my fresh food for my family I'm a little farmer locally subsistence farmers here in the north in the central of Italy and it's not easy I'm trying to walk the talk we know that today the the agri-food system is in its extractive practices is generating multiple creating many crises we already have food crisis situations which are not just you know cause of of crisis and the way we do agriculture it's also impacted by conflict and climate all together with other socioeconomic shocks and we know that the agri-food systems are generating more than 30 percent of the greenhouse gas emissions and we also know that it's contributing to a very large amount of deforestation land degradation over withdrawal of fresh water and so on this is no longer tenable so we are trying in this theme to put forward the agri-food system and its transformation as a solution not so much as a problem putting action of of you many of your participants on the ground in the field putting action forward sharing the good practices that you do in terms of climate risk management both on the mitigation but adaptation and resilience side transformation is really anchored in three main pillars inclusion low carbon and resilience across all these agri-food sectors and when we talk about the system approach it's from production processing to consumption we're trying to address the agri-food system transformation as the benefit of not only tackling the climate crisis but also the biodiversity crisis the pandemics and the pollution crisis also the food crisis which is quite important with the rise of hunger we have today so with with this we'd like to really encourage you to join us as you can see in this four session that we have today which we welcome a very large range and type of speakers from many parts of the world and many types of practices on on these actions in terms of finance or transformation in terms of fragility the the the con the colliding shop between conflict and crime in climate in this fragile situation fragile countries the way that nature based nature positive solution can be really a very important way forward for tackling climate and and biodiversity crisis but also livelihood situation and hunger and then finally with the more complex set of of of solution which is addressing the governance the governments of managing climate risk and how is this being taking place for the food system advocating for the role of open inclusive dialogues and so also link to the mdc with this i look forward to meet all of you in these agri-food sessions and thanking you thanking my colleagues for really helping to put this forward to everyone a big thank you over to you thank you selvi fantastic they look like great sessions thank you for sharing this with us and let me introduce now theme number two early warning early action to leave no one behind and i'm reaching our theme lead here Dorothy Heinrich from the red cross red crescent climate center Dorothy the floor is yours hi everyone yeah my name is Dorothy i'm um technical advisor at the red cross red crescent climate center and i was the lead on early warning early action to leave no one behind at the dnc days so i want to start you just off with basic premise we're the idea of finding ways to predict forecast track monitor the impending arrival of an extreme weather event is not something that's new it's something that people have been doing as long as a recorded history and probably beyond and the idea is that we use information and our understanding of risk to create messages in a variety of different forms to then warn us about the onset of extreme weather and sometimes we're lucky of its predicted potential impact the idea is that the people communities organizations governments a range of everyone takes action based on this warning with the aim to minimize the impact that the extreme weather event is going to have it's the premise that we well we may not be able to stop a natural hazard from happening we can certainly stop a becoming a natural disaster i'm sorry humanitarian disaster so this concept linking kind of the early warning to the early action is this catch all phrase that links everything in that chain from the forecast to the monitoring of a hazard to the creation dissemination of the warning and then to all actions taken based on that warning so this concept as like science has gotten better as the humanitarian development sectors have gotten more nimble as academia has progressed as the governments have been emphasizing this more the concept is more and more present in all of these discussions and we've seen it in recent events we've seen it a lot at cop and we see it in the way that we're shifting kind of our emphasis in disaster risk production from simply responding to disasters to this more anticipatory approach the idea of anticipating hazards and acting in advance of them happening and we're as we're developing this and we're working on this we're finding more and more about the value of this mindset change and we're also confronted with a lot of questions which leads us now to the question well how do we make early warning early action the best that it can be how do we use this tool that's at our disposal to really minimize the impacts of disasters in all forums in the ways that that we want depending on our our different focus then to protect the communities that are most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and extreme weather so it's kind of the premise that we had when we brought forth this this topic and when we started developing the sessions for the early warning action or the action theme and the idea of the track is to kind of examine the most pressing questions that are faced today by all the actors in that early warning early action spectrum and so we have four sessions under the track which you see here the first one we had this morning called unprecedented widespread and rapid with our colleagues at Zephram looking at how are we counting for climate change and for changing risks in early warning early action how can we do this better how are we doing this already and how does early warning early action help us be more resilient to changes of climate risks the second session which is the one happening very soon is on the principle of leave no one behind and equity for early warning early action it's this fundamental humanitarian principle is something that we're striving every day but we're falling short sometimes we're not always managing to leave no one behind there's still a tremendous amount of equity questions and string disasters and so this session is really trying to push the conversation to a thoughtful discussion about why is this still happening what tools can we find how is a community of density days can we come together and find solutions to to really protect the most vulnerable so yeah absolutely everyone is very welcome to join that in a couple hours one hour which would be it would be very fun and hopefully quite interactive as well the third session is all about actually day two is all about scaling up anticipatory action we're talking about early warning early action more and more we're discussing how on earth do we manage to make this at scale and so this is day two of density so tomorrow first session is kind of from the ground up looking at locally led anticipatory action and how do we bolster these systems and how do we come together as a community to work more closely on this localization agenda from the early warning early action lens and then the final session is a session all about scaling up at different facets bringing together the humanitarian climate development etc sectors to really discuss if we want to scale up what do we need to do what are these ingredients and and how are we going to achieve this kind of leaving us on a high note at D&C days so those are the four sessions I think going through them is a lens of really trying to put lived experiences and local knowledge and understanding at the center of the way that we're talking about this it's they're quite challenging sections there's a lot of information to pack into four sessions and we're trying to make this as interactive as possible so super invited everyone here to join participate ask questions reach out to anybody that you meet at these sessions and hopefully we'll bring this conversation forward and we'll be able to stay at the next D&C days that we're building off of the ones in this year so welcome everyone and thank you so much thank you Dorothy much appreciated a couple of great sessions there I hope you managed to make your picks but there is more an offer and let me give the floor to the theme lead of theme three financing a resilient future led by Paul Steele from IED Paul the floor is yours to give a brief introduction of your theme thanks very much everybody I'll keep it relatively short because I know we're a bit tight on time so as we all know it's all about people but unfortunately at the same time money makes the world go around although maybe I would say that being an economist anyway the sessions we have are focusing on the role of public and private investment primarily in climate resilience and we actually already started off some of you may have heard the session this morning on the locally led adaptation principles that were mentioned already by several speakers and the link to humanitarian conflict financing which is an hugely important area given the overlap between those conflict and climate that's emerging we then secondly have a session on debt looking at the the massive debt crisis hitting many developing countries what we've been calling the triple crisis of debt climate nature and how debt instruments can be used to create an opportunity to link positively with climate nature and we'll actually be bringing in some of the international financial institutions we have the UN and the World Bank on the panel as well as a number of governments but we particularly welcome the audience from the DNC days who we know are traditionally more from the grassroots communities because we see their roles as twofold first of all selecting the key performance indicators on climate and nature which will feed into the debt instruments and secondly monitoring and verifying to make sure that governments are being held account to achieve these key performance indicators and actually make sure the debt financing is used for climate resilience in some cases mitigation and also improving nature so that's the debt session which will be starting in in at 230 GMT time this afternoon then we have a very exciting session two sessions tomorrow also on finance one in the morning that's starting at 8 30 GMT time led by the collaborative Africa budget reform initiative which is a global south institution made up of governments of ministries of finance in Africa and but they'll be bringing in finance perspectives from across the world looking at how to achieve what we call double mainstreaming how can you mainstream both climate change and gender into your budget processes and this is a hugely interesting emerging area of work which a number of governments have started to tackle and again we see a role for civil society to bring their experience of climate change and gender into these government processes so as I say that's at 8 30 tomorrow morning GMT time and then the final finance session is looking at private finance tomorrow afternoon that's looking at the role of small scale farmers and how their inputs can be capitalized and supported by investors so that their inputs can be upscaled and financed to scale and that will be at tomorrow afternoon so we hope you'll be able to join at least one or ideally all of those sessions thank you very much right thank you so much Paul and I love to hear from an economist it's all about people that's really brilliant thank you so much Paul great sessions there there are two more themes to choose from so I'm afraid the choice is going to be even harder the next theme is financing a resilient future um oops we just had that one the second last theme theme number four and I see David is already smiling David Dodman is the lead from IED and the theme is establishing resilient cities and infrastructure cities of course hugely important David give us an introduction to the theme and the sessions please thanks and hello everyone as always it's a great pleasure to be involved in development and climate days I'm a a long timer I think 2008 was the first um year that I was involved in them and I really feel it continues to be a unique space being both inside the COP but also outside it um deeply engaged but at the same time really fundamentally challenging the status quo in the way we're responding to climate change so I'm speaking about the urban theme the resilient cities and settlements and our hopes for this and I'm speaking on behalf of Aditya Bahadur my IED colleague um and all of the session organizers who put together really a stellar set of sessions on the theme the cities that people will inhabit in 20 and 30 and 50 years time are being built right now and the urban jobs that will drive future economies are being created right now um and both the built environment and the livelihoods are being created by the people who live in and who are moving to towns and cities and that's going to be another 2.5 billion people living in urban areas by 2050 and up to 90 percent of these being in Asia and Africa so that's why I think um establishing resilient cities and infrastructure is such an important theme for development and climate days we've got a great set of organizations and some really fantastic examples of how cities can be made more resilient particularly for low income and vulnerable groups so the sessions will include looking at the particular challenges posed by heat um cities will experience temperature rises that are even greater than their global average we'll be exploring how different urban stakeholders including grassroots organizations and local government can work together more effectively um to reduce risk and build resilience and taken together these sessions will help us to come up with ideas and actions that can enable climate change responses that contribute to more equitable and inclusive cities do join us for some of those sessions fantastic thank you David I think it's really amazing how we touch on really a lot of the a lot of the issues that are at the moment um super important and one of course that is also super important that is theme number five is working with nature to build resilience and uh with this I'd like to hand over the floor to um my colleague from IFRC Nini Iqalaniman Nini the floor is yours thank you so much Bettina and thank you everyone it's a great pleasure to I'm really excited to hear about all the events that are happening and really development and climate days like David was mentioning I haven't been involved quite as long but I do remember already a decade ago being involved and it really is such a unique event and it's great to see that we're able to keep that momentum going even if we're online this year so on the theme five of working with nature to build resilience so this is a theme that we're co-leading with IFRC and IID and I think it's extremely topical this year I mean um some have been calling this the nature cop and that's not because it's on the official agenda this year it's included in the Paris Agreement so in a sense nature is embedded in the broader discussions on adaptation on mitigation and targets around that it's included in in the finance discussions of course critically as one of the sub-themes and it's it's really part of that but the theme nature has on the sides on the under the cop presidency had a huge prominence we've had the president of the United States talking about the role of restoring ecosystems as a means to reduce vulnerability of communities we've had heads of states from everywhere from Costa Rica Seychelles Sweden really across the continents talking about the importance of nature both for adaptation and mitigation and I think that really shows that this is not an issue that's on the sidelines this is really critical for us to be able to reduce the impacts of climate change and support the most vulnerable and it's really in that context that we want to be also understanding that the agendas of climate change of biodiversity loss of disaster risk reduction of land degradation these are all interlinked and the solutions we need to find that need to come together we've had declarations during this cop about additional financing for deforestation for halting deforestation by 2030 we've had commitments around sustainable agriculture again not in the official negotiations but on the margins so there's a lot of political momentum there's financial commitments but what does this mean in practice what does that mean for us as practitioners and more importantly what does that mean for vulnerable communities and that's really where we want to tap into under theme five and like dig a bit deeper and understand what that means and actually I also had a slide like Sylvia that I was going to show so we're basically we're going through two broad themes and so one is looking more at the role of nature and building resilience specifically in farmland forest landscapes that's a theme that IID is leading there was a session already really this morning looking at case studies from the front line on what does NBS look like in practice how can it deliver development and climate benefits and then tomorrow afternoon they're going to dig a bit further into looking at the role of small holders and local groups and how they manage their farms and forests in a way that builds their resilience with nature and then from the IFRC side we're going to be more looking at how when we talk about climate change we're not just looking in the future this is happening now what are the climate related disasters that we are addressing that the most vulnerable people are already facing today and so this afternoon we're going to be looking at what are the opportunities and challenges of using green and grey infrastructure to increase flood resilience we're going to have community voices we're going to have private sector and environmental and development organizations speaking about that and tomorrow we're going to be looking specifically at drought and seeing that when we look at the interlinkages of climate change drought and displacement is their role for nature to play in that and in providing some type of solution and if so what that is and again we're going to have humanitarian environmental organizations we're going to have a UN convention to combat desertification and a community voices from Kenya Red Cross so we're really encouraging you to join us and see how do we bridge this momentum for nature from this COP into looking at how that can be turned into action on the ground to increase resilience of a most vulnerable today and in the future thanks a lot Thank you Nini what a choice of sessions please be reminded that you can of course put together your own session schedule by just clicking on the add to my calendar button or joining the session when it is time to join the session a special thanks to all the theme leads and everyone having hosted already or hosting a session today and tomorrow we're really looking forward to digging deeper and I love the idea of digging deeper when it comes to working with nature of course it's not just what's on top of the crust but also what is underneath in the soil so we hope we can all dig there we can make these connections we hope you can be actively reaching out networking despite us not being able to hug as Tracy said so eloquently at the beginning and with this I hand over back to you Tracy to leave us with a couple of thoughts for inspiration to take us through these DNC days over to you Tracy to everyone all our speakers at the beginning the panel and the theme leads for all the work that you put into this but quickly in the interest of time the summary that comes out of this for me is that global inequality and inclusivity issues continue to rise not only here but even at the COP that was coming through a lot groups that are likely to be excluded exclusion of voices of the youth children women indigenous groups and others I think that as B and C days need to be aware of and take forward a lot has been coming out on tokenism which as Tudor mentioned at the beginning and they've had it come through even at the COP of saying we need the youth so we need the woman to be on the group but are we really listening to the voices from the ground as we talk about locally adaptation and we also know that there's a lot going on lots of initiatives other than DNC days so we need a common stance we need common messaging across different initiatives for us to be listened to for us to be able to influence we need to think local but act global if we really want to promote principles of locally-led adaptation because if we keep thinking from this side of in the north we are working in the south we are not thinking about what people contribute at community level their knowledge their capabilities their experiences we shall continue missing the point the issue of ambition for developed countries definitely is a key point especially for this COP but also as even civil societies advocate for financing for adaptation for loss of loss and damage that still continues to be key focus and working in business and usual ways as earlier mentioned is really really critical to move on from what we've been doing that may not be working when you look at the DNC days themes that they are taking us back to where we should be working and focusing on real issues in the cities looking at nature-based solutions early on in food and agriculture but also with the component of financing to be able to do that so as DNC days so the question I want to leave with you with DNC days have been around for like 20 years now so how do we promote the voices of those that are not hard bringing the stories and evidence from local to global level and how do we provide the learning space that can add value and not work in business and usual ways knowing that we've been here we've been doing all these things what are we changing why should we be here as DNC days so maybe we need that reflection in the way the conversation of business and usual ambition financing so I wish you a very good two days of interaction across the different themes do go on tweet share messages let's learn together thank you very much and thank you for joining us have a good day thank you all a fantastic DNC day sir and let's go and join these sessions populate our programs and make the most of it we'll hope at some point we'll meet again in person these two days will be virtually let's really prove that we can do this in a very low carbon kind of way thank you all and have a good and successful two days bye bye