August 2005. The multi-purpose amphibious assault ship USS Iwo Jima is preparing to set sail from her home port of Norfolk, Virginia for an engineering inspection. Tropical Depression 12 grows in strength in the Caribbean. It's renamed Katrina. By month's end, Iwo will join her sister ships Truman, Baton, Shreveport, Tortuga, Whidbey Island, Swift, and countless DoD assets in one of the largest relief and recovery efforts in U.S. history. The vast majority of New Orleans, Louisiana is underwater. Tens of thousands of homes and businesses are beyond repair. We are dealing with one of the worst natural disasters in our nation's history. We did as President Bush had asked, find your role and do your part. And so in many cases, the crew didn't need to be asked. They saw the need and then they stepped up, had a recommendation for doing it, and then we said, biomes, go do it. Before midnight, we had army teams, marines, air force, all sorts of federal agencies asking to come on board and berth on Iwo Jima. And of course, it was wide open. We've got a huge flight deck as well as a huge well deck. We've been running flight operations on this deck, pier side, for almost 15 hours a day for the past two to three days. If we're not putting combat marines on the beach, we can be putting humanitarian relief on the beach. The unique thing about this particular hurricane, as large as it was, is that this strip of carnage like this, you know, exists for 150 miles, you know, from Alabama to New Orleans, a quarter mile in, you see this kind of stuff. Everything that they're doing here, whether they're feeding national guards on the mess deck, or making fresh water, or maintaining the air conditioning to keep these folks cool, or maintaining the command and control of the ship, or running the flight deck nearly 24 hours a day. All of them are contributing directly to this effort. The Navy did exactly what we want our Navy to do.  With temperatures nearing triple digits, and a humidity to match, welcome to a typical August day along the Gulf Coast. Ten years have gone by, and life in the big easy seems to have returned to normal. The tourists are back. The streets are alive with sights and culture that bring in visitors from all around the world. If you look closely, however, in places like the Lower Ninth Ward, St. Bernard's Parish, and along Highway 90, some of the scars left by Katrina just won't heal. The storm that brought a region to its knees was answered by a Navy that helped bring it to its feet. Years from now, when they're old and gray, they'll look back at this, and they'll just be so proud of the fact that they were here to make this contribution.


The Clinical and Translational Science Award, CTSA, programme has made great strides since its inception in 2006, but there are still areas where improvement can be made. In this paper, we examine the current state of evaluation within the CTSA programme and identify four key areas for future development. Firstly, we suggest continuing to build the collaborative evaluation infrastructure at both the local and national levels. Secondly, we propose making better use of existing data. Thirdly, we argue for strengthening and expanding the common metrics initiative. Finally, we suggest exploring opportunities to evaluate the CTSA programme at the national level. By taking these steps, the CTSA programme can continue to advance its mission of improving clinical and translational research. This article was authored by Kanha Patel, Julie Rainwater, William M. Trochim and others.


ox Chris with the Twins Barry with the Guardians Nico with the Braves Alifonzo with the Rocks And Aaron with the Rangers It's alphabetized by team Let's box these up Make it look nice And we're going to pause the video When we come back We're going to see if there's any trades And then we'll do that case And then we'll do that case For the doubleheader break Stick around We'll be right back All right video is pause Feel free to Feel free to get into it Try to make some deals Wheel and deal If you're feeling frisky Don't have to trade But if you're considering trade Now's the time Whoa whoa whoa Rex Don't jinx it Come on man No deals? Trade time? Trady trade time TWC means trade window closed All right gang Like I said After this break We still have time To fill this one up And knock it out If you want to that impeccable Four spots Straight no filler Might be a filler tomorrow No filler tonight Good luck with this one All right welcome back boys and girls I've never seen The chat so full of trade chatter But ultimately no deals were done Here on the 24th Random team number 2 List remains the same Hot off the presses Thanks everyone for getting in Rallying around this break Getting the filler knocked out Getting the full spots knocked out We got break 5 of 10 In case 4 of 10 over here Let's see what we got in here What's my least favorite product to rip None of them I love ripping every single product That's released by every major manufacturer I love it Especially if it sells out and it fills That's my favorite product right there So every product that you fill Ladies and gentlemen I am happy to open it That's my favorite one I'll be honest with you though To be in all seriousness It's my favorite products to rip Panini Illusions Football And Panini Mosaic Basketball Coincidentally Both of those dropped Tomorrow You can pre-order those now jaspyscasebreaks.com All right Good luck with your parade It's graded card first It is Bobby with Junior Nice start From Prism Draft Picks 8-10 is the grade Red, white and blue Nice auto 98 out of 99 That's going to be for Daniel with the Royals Or the spot that he won And the filler Congrats Peter Lonzo 24 out of 30 Gold frame on-card auto From Definitive Very nice That'll be for Ed Pied And the Metz Some Dodgers Cody Ballinger Dodger autograph Going to Neal That's the 20 out of 25 Cody Ballinger I'm not sure what What set this Oh, Topps Gallery We'll see if he Giving a fresh start Chicago See how that works out All right Next up is Calderabgen Junior 1987 All-Star Game autograph From a 2017 Product right here Maybe an on-demand product Still cool Justin With the Orioles Next Next up Juan Soto Nice From 2022 Clearly Authentic Juan Soto 40 out of 50 Nationals Daniel Lewis With the spot that he won In the filler Got a thicker card here It is Don't look Rex It's 8 out of 25 Dual Relic and Autograph Nolan Ryan Highlighting a sterling season 1981 Pretty good Pretty good season Daniel Lewis With the Astros Next box Another Definitive hit It's the Wizard Ozzy Smith 17 out of 25 You're a wizard That'll be for Dan Dan Golan And the Cardinals The Redbirds That's true I guess Rex is working So he's listening more The time than once Next time I'll say don't listen I don't know I don't know when you're re-watching The video That's a possibility too All right Next ballplayer is Spencer Torkelson From Elite Extra Edition 17 out of 39 On-Card Autograph See that Cool die-cut look as well I dig it That's for the Tigers College player card here Daniel Lewis Dilo With the T-grays Detroit Motor City I'll just be like Hey, Rex hit the mute button for 15, 20 seconds That's all I have to say next time We got Robert Pawson His name is Robert Pawson His name is Robert Pawson 72 out of 299 His name is Robert Pawson That goes to Brad And the Oakland A's His name is Robert Pawson All right Final hit is Is Jake McCarthy For the Snakes 81 out of 99 He's a cold-hearted snake Looking to his eyes I'm clearly authentic Kind of see the contrast there That's Chris Cook With the Diamondbacks But wait There's more It's a dual case break That wasn't the final hit All right Well, 10 more to go The first case was not to your liking I hope the second case will be Fingers crossed everybody Good luck Thank you Once again For filling this break up If you like the hit parade We don't have any more hit parade Baseball But we have hit parade basketball We got a dual case break Loaded up on the site That we can do And I think we can run that back I'm pretty sure I saw Four cases in the back Unless we're sharing those cases With Instagram Which might be a possibility But anyway We got a dual case of NBA Hit parade basketball So check it out All right Last case First box The last case Good luck How about some Benny Montgomery 44 out of 99 But Benny and the Jets That goes to Ali Fonzo Rockies Purple Mountain's Majesty Above the Fruited Plain Graded PSA9 It's Heston Kirkstad 31 out of 50 From Bowman's Best Maybe a A recent Top 5 pick Of the Orioles I want to say Maybe back in 2020 Justin Webber O's Next up Is Is Johnny Bench 28 out of 40 Definitive Relic And Autograph Red Legs That's for Danny Danny Connell With Cincinnati Daniel's hidden I think Dan G Got to hit Dan L Daniel L Got to hit Danny C Got to hit Some late night Daniel mojo Happening here Damn Daniel Damn Daniel Alright Next is Is George Springer 1 out of 3 Train Whistle That's Joe Pizzle With the Blue Jays With the George Springer On-Card Autograph From Luminaries And a train I don't know when the last time We did a train whistle, Joe Wake up the neighborhood, Joe P All aboard the Big Hit Express Go crazy, folks Go crazy Yeah, that's right It's been a while since He's been on the Big Hit Express Here you go Take it Now that's with a full spot That he That he picked up Also got the Padres With the spot that he won So let's see if that works out Alright We got Freddie Freeman Brave's Edition 13 out of 30 That's Nico The ATL Alright Down to the final Five boxes of this Dual case break Thanks to all For making this happen For getting into it Good late night rally Is there even a Late night Later night rally For this other break We're talking about No Jason will be live A little bit earlier tomorrow Noon For new release Wednesday Noon LA time You can do the conversions On your own Alright You know what We got Mosaic basketball Dropping tomorrow Ladies and gentlemen Pre-order now jaspyscasebreaks.com And we got some mosaic baseball Nolan Aeronado autograph 11 out of 25 And that is for Dan G And the Cardinals Mosaic basketball It's gonna look good I like that mosaic design Got George Valera 7 out of 25 Looks like paper autograph Right there Paper autograph For Barry Cleveland This is for you 3 more Good luck Another thicker card here Looks like flawless And it is A dual autograph 6 out of 15 Ricky Henderson A's Sweet Lou Brock Cardinals One happy person One sad person Brad Polly You got a shot at it You've got the A's And Dan You've got a shot at it You have the Cardinals Joe Pizzle saying That's a sell sheet hit Yeah, confirm If you look at the product page Bottom right corner Sell sheet hit Good luck One happy person One sad person Next up Just one happy person here One player And it's Jeff Bagwell From 5 Star Baseball 18 out of 25 Daniel Lewis Astros Final hit in the randomizer Good luck everybody Got a landscape mode You know who's gonna like this? She will Frank Thomas 85 out of 99 Frank Thomas autograph From 2018 Clearly Authentic Trust me, she'll like it too Daniel Lewis with the White Sox Hey, try a bottle Just text Jaspy To 85.99 Don't text that, it won't work Alright Until we get sponsored by them Alright, now Time to make one person happy One person sad Let's go Let's go to random.org Random.org will decide your fate We've got Oakland on the left side Ricky Henderson We've got St. Louis on the right side Sweet Lou Brock That's a dual On-card autograph of those two legends Think about that Just think about that And think about the fact that Lou Brock is no longer with us anymore He passed away September of 2020 Alright, so let's roll it and randomize it Three out of six, nine times Team on top after nine gets it Good luck you two One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight And ninth and final time After nine Goes to Oakland My apologies to Dan But a big congratulations to Brad Six out of 15 Flawless Ricky Henderson Lou Brock Dual autograph From 2020 Flawless They must have just got it Before he passed away in the fall And they would have gotten those assets Earlier in the year Crazy There you go Brad Congrats to you And thanks everybody else I'm Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com That was a great dual casebreak Of hit parade baseball We've got hit parade basketball in the store And keep you up for more hit parade baseball And we'll see you for that next time I'm Joe, jaspyscasebreak.com Alright, thanks everybody Great late night rally Great fill, appreciate it Appreciate it Alright gang And I think that's it for me We're pretty much right at the top of the hour We're about, what, seven minutes away From the top of the hour I don't see any orders coming in So it looks like people are signaling to me Joe, we'll see you for new release day Now remember We don't We don't break 24 hours a day Maybe someday we will This title is too long This series number doesn't matter as much Yeah, but we Remember, we don't break 24 hours a day Someday we will But we do The website is open 24 hours a day So always So go to the website You know, before you go to bed Browse around I say this every night But browse around Grab a spot or two Because in like Three or four short hours A lot, some early bird East coasters will start to wake up Getting ready for work You know, getting ready to take their kids to school They might pop on the website Look for a couple spots by Before they start their day Then West coasters will start to wake up A few hours after that Same deal And then Jason will be live Before you know it And I'll be tagging in Before you know it And you know We're gonna be wanting to do A lot of breaks, I'm sure So get after it jaspyscasebreaks.com Left a little money on the table But we'll get them next time We'll get them next time on that We'll have a great new release Tomorrow, Joe Pizzle Thanks for hanging out with me, man Thanks for helping finish up that break Rex, have a good rest of the time at work Stephen Ponk, Tradiak And anyone else who's still up and awake Maybe Big Trunk Maybe Trendsetter Maybe some other folks Maybe Robert Some other folks staying up and awake Lurking around Just listening in the background Friends Alex, have a good night Alakner, have a great night We'll see you tomorrow jaspyscasebreaks.com Everyone have a great night Join us for a new release day Manana with Jason Live early and I'll tag in My usual time Bye


Thanks for coming back to check out another video I'm gonna be honest with you when I was first on the road and then when Doug joined me It was taking us a lot of time to break camp and secure all of our stuff for travel We have things stacked in the closet behind pillows We had stuff in the shower and stuff under the covers of the bed and Sometimes we stay in one spot for two weeks, but other times It's only a few days and that was getting really old So I went on a hunt to find some unorthodox ways to secure our stuff for travel So we didn't have to take it from where it normally sits and it stayed right in place Even when we go down the bumpiest roads. So as I prepare the house for travel today I'm gonna take you with me and show you everything that we found that works for us A lot of you have asked how I stole my plants for travel You can see here that I have an aquaponics system with some lettuce and one with tomatoes and another one with herbs And up in this window, I have three self-watering planters with microgreens and more herbs big ball away What are you doing? Are you gonna help pack up? It's about time. Nope lucky freaking travel cat Now all of these planners have water in them So I was a little nervous about leaving them where they are These were the items in the house that were taking us the most time Here's what we came up with to secure the plants right here on the desk Where we don't have to move it at all when we go to travel and it can stay plugged in so the plant gets light If you look really close here, you'll see there are a couple of zip ties right here What I found was cable clips. I got this kit it comes with These plastic gizmos that you screw onto the wall and then you feed the zip tie right through it and The screws that came with it were actually pretty good They have a nice tooth on them So they were okay to stick in the wall and they were short which is important when you're securing something in the RV So you don't damage anything it came with zip ties, but that was not gonna get the job done over there So I got these bigger heavy-duty ones and I mis-measured a little bit So I had to use two but the good thing about this is After double securing it to the wall, they don't slide around and if I need to work on the plants All I have to do is cut the zip ties and then put new ones right back on for the actual planters back here They're not aquaponics. You might see that there's a little plastic shelf right here This is a gap blocker These are really meant to keep toys from sliding under a couch, but they have this nice tall edge and Adhesive so all I did was I attached them underneath the plants and nothing slides out while we're in motion I've also used these in some cabinets where there's a little bumper in the cabinets for things not to fall out But they never seem to work. So if I have tall items inside of a cabinet I'll put a gap blocker in there and that way your stuff just bumps up against it And when you need to reach something you just reach over it and pull it out if you saw our recent tour We have this custom desk made things to Eric at Wonderboom and he also made us what we call the book corral But before this I had a bunch of stuff on my desk that I had to keep putting away We like to secure the stuff we use most often in its place on the countertop So we don't need to take the time to put it away You guys may have seen this before if you're used to my channel I keep my silverware here on the countertop in what used to be I think a sugar mold I got this wooden thing for about ten bucks at an antique shop And I secure it here on the side with command strips here and command strips here, but Just to make sure it doesn't fall over. I don't put anything really heavy in here like heavy cutlery or Spatulas or anything like that. I just keep it to the silverware and here in the bathroom You can see that I have some bins attached to the wall they're just here with some command hooks and We have these filled with wash claws Micellar water Toilet paper things that we need all the time that we need to reach in and grab and you can see that we've been here a while And it's time to do laundry because this is usually totally full of wash claws But that way every day when we wash our face or we do more toilet paper We don't have to reach in anywhere to grab it and we don't have to stow it away when we're ready to travel When you look at all these gadgets You think maybe you need to go a little bit nuts when you secure things But we don't there are still a couple of things that we just put into the sink in the kitchen or the bathroom And then take back out when we get to our destination for example with this aquaponics planter It is kept on the kitchen counter, but there's tile back there, so I can't secure it with zip ties so for this one we just unplug it and we put it right into the kitchen sink and For this stuff that we like to keep on the bathroom counter. We don't stow it in any special way We just throw it on top of a regular towel So it doesn't scratch the sides of the sink and then when we get where we're going we take it all back out It's super fast. We have this great office chair But it has wheels that were really hard to secure when we were first traveling now We tried these little coasters that you can put under the wheels But they're so shallow that if we were going down a really bumpy road They just didn't work, but thanks to our friend badge We found out that we could just put those wheels in some shoes and the chair doesn't slide around anywhere Now if you have anything in your rig that doesn't have an RV lock that holds things shut really well You have to figure out a way to keep your doors shut when you're going down the road So we've done that two ways The first way is that we got some child magnetic locks for all of our desk drawers Now these are cool because they actually attach with stick them to the inside of the drawer and when you're going down the road you actually lock them and then when you get to your destination you put a little magnet that comes with it on the outside of the drawer and It unlocks and the door comes open and then you can put it in an unlock mode So it doesn't lock up on you while you're there in one place using it The second way is with this easy wooden peg We have big kitchen storage in our nook here. Thanks to Eric at Wonder Boom So now we have our instant pot and our air fryer and things like that stored right down here But we needed to have a way that those drawers wouldn't come open while we were driving So we drilled a hole from the side of the drawer into the wall and all we do is slide this little wooden peg in there And then when we get to our spot we take it right back out You can also secure almost anything with some little hooks and bungee cords like with our proto storage right here If you saw our tour When we first got this RV there was actually storage for like letters in here Which I don't know why they do that that would just fly out while you're traveling But we knocked out the shelf that was here and instead we got these bins that store our produce and Before this we had these big bowls of produce on the countertops That we had to figure out a place to put when we were leaving and then take back out So instead what we did as we put these little silver hooks that screw right into the wall on both sides of the produce And then onto each of the hooks We just attached a bungee cord I hide these bungee cords when we get to our destination. So it doesn't look like this You really don't see anything but what I do is I just put this bungee through the other bungee and Attach it to the wall and now these don't slide out. It's worked great.  Well, we just went down a really bumpy road and the plans did just fine But we came in and we were like what the hell is that? It's the speaker It just dropped it right out of the ceiling So everything that we secured in here that we showed you worked just great the plan stayed in place the silverware All of our produce The speaker not so much We hope that this video helps some of you think of ways to secure your stuff So it takes you less time to go out and have your next adventure if anybody out there Has a cool way to secure stuff for travel. Please do put it down in the comments below We'll see you guys next Sunday until then Everybody out there have happy travels and be free


Ukrainian forces destroyed 10 boats used by Russian recon groups. Ukraine's defence forces in the 7 operational zone destroyed 10 boats used by Russian sabotage and reconnaissance teams, a large-caliber artillery gun, and 5 armoured vehicles and eliminated 40 invaders. That's according to Natalia Humeiniuk, the chief of the Joint Coordination Press Centre of the Operational Command, South, who spoke at the National Telephone and Ukraine-formed correspondent reports. Our counter-battery performance is quite powerful, as many as 10 enemy boats were destroyed in the past day. This was an attempt by the invaders to manoeuvre between the islands. Boats were almost all civilian, refitted to carry sabotage and reconnaissance groups. Some 40 invaders followed the course of the Russian warship, as did large-caliber cannon and 5 armoured vehicles, Humeiniuk said. According to the spokeswoman, there is no noticeable change in the frontline in the southern regions as the defence forces must, first of all, ensure the safety of soldiers before they manoeuvre along the left bank of the Nipro. Therefore, we do counter-battery fire in order to engage the stocks of such manoeuvring boats that may cause damage to our units. Therefore, first we destroy them and then we move in, said Humeiniuk. She noted that the invaders deployed a surface missile carrier equipped with 8-caliber missiles on combat duty off the coast of Crimea. It was likely a diversionary manoeuvre because the attack took place later in the northern operational area, shahed drones were launched somewhere from the Kursk area, the spokeswoman noted.


Okay, so hello, thanks for coming and my name is Alitia and together with Greg and Roman we'll walk you through the subject of logless upgrades. Okay, so first of all we will explain the idea of upgrades with minimal downtime and specify some assumptions that have to be fulfilled while migrating database schema online And then we'll present some approaches that were adapted in different OpenStack projects Next we'll move to the implemented proof of concept that was designed to test table logs problems and Finally we'll present some results of comparison of different database engines so we all know the reason for doing upgrades and And we all want to do them without without violating as a law and While keeping our cost minimal in order to keep our users satisfied So it would be the best if upgrade will be possible with minimal or even zero downtime So the goal is to perform so-called rolling upgrade. A rolling upgrade allows you to keep your existing distributed system working while Upgrading your components gradually So in comparison to a standard procedure in which you have to stop all services Upgrade them or even reinstall and then start them back again A rolling upgrade allows you to take only one service down for upgrade and Joining back to the others however, as a result you have Some services in older version and some services in newer version Running and interacting in the same cloud. So you have to take care of compatibility between them And there are a couple of problems with Upgrading distributed system Possible areas of conflict include changes in API in content sent over RPC and in RPC interface itself Another important thing is to migrate data and database schema and In this presentation, we would like to focus on online schema migration So to start with what does online mean? So online means that the database schema is Migrated without interrupting any downtime. So all services have a constant access to a database and both older and newer version run against the same schema at the same time and In order to alter a table structure without blocking reads or writes For services that use database. It is important to make some assumptions. So You can't do any destructive changes. So you can't delete or rename any column or table until any service Use the older version. You should rather rename. You should rather sorry add or add Add new table or add new column and you can delete the previous ones once all services stop using them and Now we would like to present current status of Chosen OpenStack projects We'll focus on projects listed in this slide We chose them because of the reasons first of all Each of them is a core project and upgrading it with minimal downtime is crucial and Secondly, a lot has already been done or discussed in a matter of upgrades in this project And we will provide some basic information. If you want to get some more details, please visit Etterpad at the link provided below There is information from today's ops upgrade session so Generally, Nova is at the most advanced stage of upgrades Cinder has not introduced migrations yet, but a technical preview has already been discussed and It is a work in progress In Keystone there were some discussions considering possible table logs what has led to the Implementation of proof of concept which we'll describe later In Neutron there is an approach known as Expand Contract Approach What means that we expand the database schema online before introducing new code and then we do a contract offline and a server is backward compatible with agents and In Hit there is a code for live DB migrations done, but it hasn't been tested yet And to give you a better overview of how it works in Nova, Cinder and Keystone We will briefly describe them in the next slides Okay, so in Nova there's a possibility for upgrading the Schema and data in the two development cycles So this diagram represents how it is done so that We have three simple steps. First of all, we have to upgrade the schema to new version then we have to upgrade the Service which is called conductor and it's important to Done it in atomic way. So all of them at once and Then we can just run our cloud again and In the internals of the Nova so in the model there will be a conversion of the data which will be done online So that we can have Service compute services which have two different versions at the same time after some time or after another development cycle we can just get rid of the old schema and upgrade it to the new one. It's important also to mention that If not all of the records have been has been converted and we can just make it Using the Nova manage online data migration command so that we just forced it to convert it again So the sender approach would be a little bit different because all sender services need to connect to the same database. So in This example for example, we need to change column type We would introduce this new column, but still keep the old one to have compatibility between with the older release and After this change we would Run the data migrate script because we are not sure that all the records would be touched in normal operations So all of these data from the old column needs to be migrated to the new column in this version in the X plus 2 version we would start Reading from the new column. We need to keep the old column to be compatible backwards and In the last release we can stop reading from the old column and then we can drop the schema So in summary the first release starts The base release would write to the old and place and read from there the new release would start writing data to both places and Then we would start reading from the new place and in the last release. We can stop Writing to the old place and drop the schema In Keystone, we thought about another approach because we wanted to keep the change in one release So if you follow from the top, this is an SQL alchemy model We we could introduce a backwards compatible flag which Means that in the new version when we want to keep compatibility We have the old column roll ID we introduce a new column and there is a copy column implemented which also converts data by using the new type and When we switch the flag we stop being backwards compatible when we are sure That all data is migrated you can switch this flag and then we can drop the old column Okay Although we separate the data and schema migrations there still could be an issues with Experiencing some downtime even if we just doing the schema migration So this simple diagram shows how internally my SQL use My SQL changed the altering the table So that We have a changed schema so first it's creating an empty Table of the new schema and starts upgrading not upgrading sorry starts copying the data from the Source one and then after the process is finished then we Then it's deleted and the new table is renamed But unfortunately during the Transferring the data from the table one to the temporary one We cannot change the The data which is inside or deleted or altering some other way So this is how it's in my my SQL is doing This is just a sample of the a bit larger Table which shows operation which changed the schema and starting from my SQL 5.6 There was Operations that that altering the table was a little bit reorganized so we have Possibility for doing Upgrading the schema without Doing this copy which I'm showed on the previous slide however, there is still way for Stacking into some kind of lock so for example, we will change the car set or willing to change the cost of certain column then We the copying is still Performed and we cannot change update or delete the data inside On positive SQL, it's kind of different because it has internally doing this operations different way and Yeah, so We experienced some problems for example with adding foreign key and There is some work arounds. However, there is not perfect Okay, so we did some experiments we the idea of introducing this POC was actually made at the last Keystone meet cycle and We needed a way to quickly test the problem and test any solutions which may fix it and these were the 14 examples that were proposed to test The DDL load tool which we call it consists of Initial schema initial workload which fills the database then we run the workload test and we change the schema and This is converted into song XML file. You can run these tests by typing make generate graphs and then Compare these with TS plot to for example compare an empty test with one that changes a schema So there are some results With my sequel Adding for example a column causes a spike in this graph So first we fill the date database with initial data Then we wait some time and start this test and at 400 we change the schema Is other operations Also causes spike, but you may see on this graph that dropping a table, which is actually not used during this drop Doesn't cause any problems In postgres we also tested some operations most of them Didn't cause any problems. For example adding a column causes only a minimal spike and dropping Changing the foreign key or adding foreign key And longest the duration time Request we actually also saw some postgres errors. These are deadlocks on this table So to sum up these first results must make equal 5.5 have some problems Beside deleting an unused table in postgres The results were mostly positive, but adding foreign key would Be a problem There were also locking tables return locking errors returned and From the last bus but least graph you may have seen that it was not actually the load because the connect time was even but the Request time started to spike so the database was not loaded, but the lock on the table cost cost the duration of request to get longer What are some approaches? Okay So first of all there's a simple solution for upgrading the database because there are some Okay Sorry because there there are some Abrils within the engine itself so we can just try it first Secondly, there is something called like triggers based online schema change so the idea is the very same how my sequel is doing it internally, however Introducing Triggers which are connected with the field or the column which we have changed Doesn't block our rights or another altering and its sense is directly to the Copy table And we don't have to do this by by hand we can just Use some of the existing tools first one is Percona PT online schema change and second is online schema change from Facebook and There is a suite of tools which is called open our kit which is reasoning Python unfortunately those two last ones aren't And Developed anymore, so it's like from four years something like this and the Percona is still under heavily development So in case of postgres we didn't find similar tools, but there is a different approach You could use the concurrently keyword to add and drop indices. You can then use these indices to create Constraints using with the using index keyword so you can divide these operations into two and This would hopefully reduce the table and the time the table is locked. You can also Use the not valid keyword to Do not validate the constraint at the alter operation and you can validate the constraint at the week later time and from a version 4.4 of postgres and this takes a weaker shared upgrade exclusive lock You can also use the PG repack tool instead of vacuum fool The third solution is to is a similar solution that Wish I showed you previously That cinder makes but using a separate table So to avoid the table lock you would first start writing the data to the New table you would migrate all of the data to the new table and after you stop using the table you can remove it Some more results after we The changes that we stated were introduced. So when you we upgraded the mysql database to 5.7 the Schema altering operations which caused spike of mean Request duration We saw an improvement in the case of other operations in this example we We the change primary key still caused differentiation in request duration We also tried a Blocking operation of changing the chart set Upgrading the database caused an improvement But and using the PT only schema change actually elevated the problem in our test in case of postgres Upgrading the database caused an improvement in performance, but you can see there's still a spike when adding a foreign key and Other operations still behave like previously We also tried splitting this operation into two with not valid and validate which also caused an improvement but upgrading the database When upgrading the database we didn't see much change So what are the key take house you should definitely upgrade your database if you're running mysql 5.5 you can also try PT online schema change and In case of postgres you should divide your queries and use their concurrently alter with an index not the value divided constraint keywords In case of postgres you could also use transaction transactional DDL so we can revert long-run queries so When you introduce a change that starts to block your service You can revert it and then try it at a later time when your service is not loaded You can also try the DDL load test to Test your own approach can drop in your schema from your database You can then record some of your session with some proxy to Have the workload be as much similar to your real workload and Run these tests and you can graph and analyze the reports and see if there are any errors So thank you. This is it. Do you have any questions? Yeah, I have one if you go back to the the for phased migration you had under cinder After the third phase where you stop reads to the old column The old table whatever how How do I go about getting all the data in that old table in to the new table? Do I have some sort of migration event out of band of these four schema deployments? Yeah, so in the version X plus one you Would start writing to your new table when normally accessing the data So if you write the data you would write to both places at the same time And then you would also run a migration script to make sure that all records are touched and migrated before Switching to the new version and the new version would check When if all of these data are migrated seven method to read both tables But after I've deployed that I can be moving data out of the old table into the new table Yeah, that's what that migration script entails. Yeah, cool Okay, so we'll finish up by maybe Inviting you to the event that's tomorrow on which also there was there will be a panel of experts to Discuss upgrading OpenStack. Thank you


Hello everybody welcome back to another Adobe After Effects 2023 tutorial. As you can see here I've hit the preview button and it's previewing rather slowly or it's choppy and you know I've got a very very good computer I've got the new MacBook Pro the 10 cores with the 32 gigs around like this shouldn't be happening for a text image or a text animation so there are a couple things you can do to fix it but I want to show you one that I think is the first thing you should do and I don't know I haven't seen it anywhere yet so what you want to do head over to your preview panel like I've done here and then take a look down here when you go in here you'll see that it's got an option to skip and when I hover it says skip a number of frames to skip rendering and playback take this skip for me it's set to five take it to zero and if you've got a good computer now hit spacebar and watch what happens it renders correctly so it was skipping frames by default this might be a default setting for Adobe 2023 After Effects so just keep that in mind before you start you know purging caches and pre-rendering and all that crazy stuff that's all I got guys thanks for watching


So, yes, I am Amber Baldea and today I'm going to be presenting suicide intervention tactics to you. So I'm just going to give a quick intro on how I ended up here talking at DEF CON about something which involves neither APT nor hacking cars. And then we will dive right into the material. So first off, I would like to present some cognitive dissonance for you. My main goal here is this won't be depressing. So trigger warning. This is a frank discussion of suicide and mental health and that may be depressing for you. If you feel ever uncomfortable in any way, I know that there are people in the room that have been affected by suicide directly in their families or have made attempts themselves or are friends in some way. If you feel uncomfortable, feel free to get up and take a breather outside. We won't judge you at all. So I will also be speaking a lot in generalities and commonalities and that is in no way meant to say this is how it is for everybody. So your experience may vary. If you would like to have an individual kind of chat about anything, we will be able to do that after the fact. So today what we are going to go over is these things here. We have a risk analysis framework which is how to build a profile for a person. How to identify clues and warning signs which is catching red flags that might indicate some sort of brewing crisis. How to perform situational threat assessment. So this is how to ask questions that actually help you determine how to make an appropriate response. So if something is low risk, you would probably want to tackle it differently than someone who is in an acute crisis that you need to get immediately to some sort of clinical setting. And then we will also cover some volunteer and first responder theory. This is really where my training comes from which I will tell you about in a second. But the main point there is I am doing that because we are the type of people that like information overload and want to know how the real people do it. So I will show you lots and lots of details on that. But none of that is required to actually run a successful intervention. There is very few things that are needed to talk someone down if you need to. But also just to listen to them or to recognize risk factors out in our community. So this isn't the kind of talk where you need to go and do five years of theory or research so that you can actually implement it. Although there is that much research in suicidology behind it, the goal is to make it as transparent and usable immediately for you as possible. So also we will cover how to talk to another human being. This is an important topic for the DEF CON audience. So, acts of listening, which is difficult, question phrasing, building trust, et cetera. So hopefully we will pick something up there. So who am I and why am I standing here? All right, I work in investment banking technology. So this is not what I do full-time. Some of what I do involves infosec implementation. It's certainly nothing you want to hear me stand on a stage and talk about for 45 minutes. I also work with Girls Who Code. I teach their tech ethics and privacy curriculum. But my training here, this relevant, is from the QPR Institute. QPR stands for question, persuade, refer. And that's the methodology that they teach all of their responders. They have a bunch of different training courses. And I got involved with them by doing online crisis response, which is the same thing as if you were to say call the national crisis hotline, those numbers you see posted everywhere, but we do it online. So it's over I am. And I was attracted to that because I grew up on IRC. And I'm the kind of person who would never pick up a phone and talk to another human being when I'm in a crisis. But I have no problem pouring my heart out to anonymous people on the internet. So it seemed like we have a special skill set almost that technically we're more used to reading the cadence of an I am or something that's written down that maybe other people don't even have. So we might be even stronger responders than some other people. So that's why I got involved. But I ended up becoming a little disillusioned with it because it turned out that I wanted to serve this community. I mean, not exclusively, but it is really where I feel my strength lies in being able to understand and talk to people. And it turns out now that everyone has the internet. So they're all on I am. And the people that contact the crisis centers really aren't from the internet or from Reddit or anything. They're just regular people. So I decided that the better idea was to take this skill set and bring it directly to you guys so that we can touch everyone in that way. I want to touch everyone. In that sort of way, if we can get everybody here to learn three or four basic steps that they can then tell somebody, it's actually really easy to teach people how to do this. And it's the kind of thing you can't even do at a bar. And people find suicide fascinating. It's kind of like that kind of morbid desire to learn about a societal taboo. So it's actually really easy knowledge to pass on. So I can't give you the official there. But since normally we teach advanced theory, the basic course is 60 minutes and I only have 45. So I had to make up a title for DEF CON. So if you want your CISSP certification afterward, I'll try to get that for you. So here's a couple of people I just wanted to front load my thank you in here. Every time I freaked out that this didn't belong here because I'm not dropping it, they told me to shut up and do it. So thank you to them and a lot of them are here. So how I got here, this is the most depressing slide in the entire presentation. So I have a unicorn chaser for you preemptively. There were two suicides in my family growing up that affected me directly. And I really come from a family of brilliant artists and academics and engineers. And it turns out these people are prone to depression, alcoholism, bipolarism and suicide. So when my mother then several years later was diagnosed with cancer, I became mortified that she was going to follow the same path. So I kind of took the nerd out and I decided to learn everything I possibly could about it. And that's how I ended up volunteering and why I'm here. And she's fine now, by the way. Bye. Yay. Thanks, mom. But right around the time that I was doing this and kind of publicizing it, the Aaron Schwartz situation happened in January. I'm sure if you were here from the previous track, we're all, I'm sure, aware of Aaron's suicide earlier this year. And what surprised me was that after Aaron's death, there were several people in the community who actually reached out to me and said that they were worried about their friends and that they didn't know what to do. They didn't know how to talk to them. And they wanted resources from me. And this rose a ton of red flags for me because Contagion is a very well-known, it's a very well-known effect in the suicide community when someone high profile dies. So it's actually based, it's called the Werther Effect, which is based on a book by Van Gogh, who also wrote Faust, if you've ever read that. It detailed a suicide at a writing desk in Germany. And so many people replicated it that they banned the book. So you see this kind of over and over in clusters and communities. The Godzilla there is Mount Mihara, which is where they kind of throw Godzilla in to trap him, is actually based on a Japanese real historical location that has been present in many, many suicides, hundreds of suicides over the years. So in the San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge, I'm sure we're all familiar with our cultural attachment to that. So we're doing it wrong when it comes to preventing suicide Contagion in our community. There are responsible journalism standards, which I've kind of taken the liberty of extending to social media, published by the CDC. And now I kind of encourage you, as you read various stories about suicide, whether it's in our community or not, to kind of see how many things they don't quite get right. So we want to make sure that we always say that suicide is never the result of a single factor or event. Sure, there might have been a trigger, it's called a proximal event, that pushes something into a crisis situation. But people don't wake up one day and commit suicide, it's just not what happens. And if you look at the very first bullet point there, well, not there, it's committed and slashed out. And that's because it would be really great as one takeaway if all of us collectively could stop saying committed suicide. That is not clinically accurate. It's a throwback to ecclesiastical law and secular law that does not exist in the majority of states anymore. Instead, people clinically say died by suicide, was a victim of suicide, killed themselves, a whole variety of other opportunities, other words that you can use that don't create stigma for survivors and don't refer to old religious heritage that we don't need. We also want to point out that suicide is results of extremely complex interactions. It's a long history of problems. So just generally not making it seem like such an easy story to report, I guess. So maybe we could do that a little bit better. So it's not just Aaron. These are computer science suicides since the 1950s, which of course would be when we would see those start to rise. And before that, it wasn't just computer scientists either. We're probably a lot more familiar with artists and poets because they tend to self-document their own destruction. But it's just as prevalent among the highly gifted in almost any population. But that said, the vast majority of people who die by suicide don't have Wikipedia pages. So while it's nice to say that we're capturing this in our research, really, this is a problem of the people that cuts across every demographic. I will say, though, that you probably don't want to win a Nobel Prize for chemistry. So I'm just going to throw a few numbers at you and then we're going to leave the numbers aside for the rest of the presentation. So in America, someone dies by suicide every 14 minutes. In China, it's every two minutes. Overall, we're talking about the 10th most common cause of death in the United States. That's way ahead of homicide, cancer, a variety of things that you might expect. And most critically for us, and not to exclude the ladies, but just briefly, you're demographically safe for the moment, we can do this by show of hands. How many men here fall between the age range of 15 and 24? So the younger ones in the crowd, OK. So for you guys, this is the third most likely cause of death behind accidents and homicide. OK, so a little bit older, how about 25 to 34 men? Oh, hey, that's almost all of you. It's second for you. Second only to accidental death in the way that you are most likely to die. If you look at the 45 to 54 bracket, it's absolutely a larger number, but we start to lose people due to natural cause and things. So it kind of skews the data in that way. So yeah, every year about 38,000 suicides, more than twice the number of homicides in the country, more than half of them involve handguns. And not to exclude the ladies, women are three times as likely to attempt suicide, but men are four times as likely to die by it. That largely has to do not with your internal failure. That's it. You choose pills which you think will be lethal, but aren't, whereas men tend to choose handguns very, very strongly, which have very, very high lethality.  Can I borrow that microphone for a second? You all know the drill. We have a tradition. We've decided to enhance it by bringing up somebody from the audience, but we need somebody who is a new attendee. It's better than usual.  Wait, you have to answer a trivia question. Do you know the Dark Tangents real name? Help. Excellent, because we don't use real names at DEF CON. Come on up. I'm taking this back from my time at the end. I'm out of time. I'm not going to have to train you. Hurry it up. We're on the clock here, you know. OK. All right, she's in a hurry. Quick, drink, drink, drink. How's it going so far? Now let's talk about clinical things. I'm segue-independent. Go ahead. OK, cool. All right, so we're actually going to skip over most of the clinical stuff. I just want to make you aware that this talk isn't about the intricacies of diagnosis, but the correlation is so strong that I would be remiss not to mention the relation to the Axis 1 illnesses here. So overall, I'm sure we're mostly aware of the drug and substance abuse at the bottom. I just kind of want to point out that harm reduction is great for other things. It's not great for suicide. Sobriety is very heavily indicated in the cornerstone of a mental health management program here. That's because harm reduction works when your intent is not to die, but then you accidentally die. So if death is your end game, then harm reduction doesn't work. We won't really go into these guys too much, but most importantly just pay attention to the mood disorders at the top, they're the most common. If you look at the general population risk, this kind of outlines the number of times the general population risk, if you are classified within one of these other mental health groups, that your chance or your likelihood of death by suicide increases. So obviously a previous suicide attempt is kind of off the charts, but also depression, manic depression, all of these are heavily indicated. What you might not see on there, or you see at the bottom, I kind of just added informationally, is all of these other medical illnesses. People tend to think, there's a fallacy, that people think that people that are medically ill are more likely to kill themselves. It's really very, very small. It's not really statistically relevant, and autism is not on here at all. Okay, so within our community, under diagnosis, not just in our community, but everywhere, under diagnosis is a massive problem. So within our community, I kind of tried to think of a few archetypes without getting too generalized about it, that might happen. So I'll sleep when I'm dead, I'm too busy crushing it. This to me typifies the startup community. And they have something they call there, the show. And that's basically mania is their desired state. Depression is stigmatized. There's a constant cycle of youth and burnout. They're chronically underinsured. Drug and alcohol use is trivialized. There's a lot of intersectionality between the startup culture and our culture here too, you might notice. So that might match a few people you know. But that's really a witch's brew for a high risk sort of a profile. How about just because I'm paranoid, doesn't mean they're not after me. This sounds like under diagnosis of personality disorders, honestly. If you look at this regular population, this is actually a problem with trying to find a competent mental health professional. If you work in some of the industries that we work in, they don't really understand you. They don't understand the reality that you operate in. And they might not be able to adequately or properly diagnose what is actually an acceptable level of paranoia for the things that you're involved in. You might also be more likely open to legal troubles as well, which can be a problem. So if you wanna learn more about any of those things, these are some of my favorite books related to these topics that were very helpful. Paul Quinnette is the founder of the QPR Institute I mentioned earlier. And if you are a heavily creative type and you wanna read more about manic depression in artists and how it's sometimes considered a good thing, touched by fire is a good one. So all of this stuff is on the CDs and everywhere. So for us, if we self diagnose, which we do, and then we think we're PhDs in psychology because we can use the DSM-5 and we go online, and we tend to use these unilateral kind of like we'll post a forum post or we talk to people, but not, we don't have one-on-one FaceTime. So we wanna get away from that. So this is the online intervention that I had talked about before. 30% of callers just suicide hotlines hang up. We get a lot higher retention rate with online. It's more anonymous for certain values of anonymity. Mostly they don't track you just by policy and because they really don't know how to do that, kind of hinders their ability to do statistical analysis afterward. But the efficacy of the online is pretty much equivalent with a hotline. The training is great, they are a very good resource, but like I mentioned earlier, your pairing is luck of the drop. So we're bringing it to you. Now, what's the difference between intervention and what I like to call a front intervention, which you're probably much more likely to do? In an intervention setting, it's really not that hard.  There's enforced anonymity, actually. You're not allowed to give them your name, you're not allowed to have a follow-on relationship. In a front intervention, you might need to initiate, you might be the one that notices there's something wrong and that could harm your relationship. Your friend sees you as a peer, maybe they don't get better over time and you start to lose credibility. Really, that's why the ultimate end game is not to become your friend's counselors unless you wanna do that professionally. No, you wanna get them the actual help that they need. So we need to get people to go back to really accepting professional help, and it's very hard for our community especially, because a lot of us have had really bad experiences in the past of people that didn't understand us or medication that didn't work, and the medication in the last 20 years has gotten a lot better, about 60 to 80% of people who have depression once you find the right therapy, it will actually help you and your risk dramatically goes down. But you kind of have to trust in that process and then do a lot of work yourself. So we need to keep encouraging people to open up and seek help, but let's start proactively screening and responding to these potential threats. So how are we gonna identify risk? There's a few different types of clues that you wanna look for. Direct verbal cues, this is relatively obvious. I wish I were dead.  Pretty obvious, often encoded as jokes, so keep your eyes out for that. Indirect, I'm tired of life. My family would be better off without me, or pretty soon you won't have to worry about me. These ones are big red flags because they're like little testers that people throw out there to see if anyone's actually paying attention to them. Behavioral, maybe they just seem depressed now. That's kind of important. If they get their orders in fair, fairs in order, they give stuff away, or they relapse if they were into drugs and alcohol before, or a sudden interest in religion, huge red flag. So I wanna watch out for that. And situationally, trigger events. So if you lose a job or a relationship, you're diagnosed with a disease, you suddenly are being prosecuted by the federal government. These things are obviously huge, huge situational risks, so. So you wanna watch for red flags and then act when you see them. So take them all seriously, and here's just two common myths. If somebody's talking about suicide, they won't do it. Not true. And if you're talking to someone about suicide, you're not gonna put the idea in their head. You're just not that powerful, and I guarantee you if you're that worried about your friend, they probably already thought about it themselves. Okay, so seize the day. All right, so this is a big wall of text. I understand that. But it's just kind of to take away the high points from this. This is how you form an actual risk profile for a person.  So it doesn't really change day to day.  Some of it might be changeable, like the environmental factors at the bottom. So maybe you move to a new place where the socio-political climate is more accepting of who you are. That might lower your risk. Some of your personal and psychological issues, this is kind of, I think one time I called this lint on the sock of life and people enjoyed that, so I go with that now. So these are the things that you cannot be on scene. But we just have to learn to try to cope with them. And then biologically, this is stuff that really makes you who you are. So this would be your mental illnesses, those things you carry with you. That's really the foundation of your risk profile. And then you have the proximal risks. So these are the triggers that we were talking about before.  So it's a relationship crisis. It's public shame. It's losing money. It's whatever the event is that pushes you over the edge. But what's most important is that it's how important that is to you. It's your perceived level of loss. All losses are real. And one interesting note is that one thing that's not on here is any sort of risk or protective factor is your wealth. Absolutely irrelevant. A relative loss of financial stability is very bad. But having a lot of money does not in any way protect you against suicide risk. So as we move across the way, there's an increasing sense of hopelessness which is pretty much the one thing we really want to try to combat. We're trying to provide hope and give people a sense of the future. It's the most important thing. And then you have a wall of resistance.  Once that's broken through, then you have the wall of death over there. So the resistance, these are the things that are protecting you are pretty obvious. I mean, these are the things that we say, make us happy. We want to have all of these things. Again, money not on the list. But if you look, there's a few like the AA sponsor, the sobriety again, that's as part of a mental health plan that requires those items. But strong relationships, good health, a positive therapeutic relationship with a counselor. It's not rocket science. But you do want to check them off when you're talking to people mentally and know whether or not they're totally isolated or whether they have somebody to talk to. So, oh my God. Osh is now what? I just realized that I think my friend might be suicidal. So here's the process. You find a safe place to talk. You want to set aside a little bit of time. Best face to face, but it doesn't have to be. You build rapport and trust. That's the talking to a human thing that we mentioned before. So we'll cover that in a second. You're going to ask the suicide question. This is the most critical step and it's where you actually ask directly someone if they are thinking about have they considered, are you feeling suicidal? It's very important to ask this as directly as possible. You can kind of round about it in a have you thought about not waking up kind of stuff. You don't want to get too euphemistic with it. We'll actually cover different ways to ask the question in a second. But this is probably the hardest step and the one that actually saves the most lives. People are just waiting for someone to ask really.  And while you're listening, you're assessing the threat level of their current situation based on a framework that we'll present in a second here. And you're doing active listening. So you're responding to what they're saying. You're asking relevant questions. You're leading them a little bit around things that you want to know but mostly just giving them space to like brain dump. And throughout that kind of organic process you are determining whether they're a low risk, moderate risk, super high risk we have to act right now. And then once you've determined which level they are, you'd be able to implement an appropriate response plan. Most importantly, usually we want to get them into the professional help.  You want to get them somewhere that's going to have follow on treatment and that they can keep going to beyond you. So and then you want to follow up. You don't want them to feel abandoned. You want to check in and just let them know that somebody's there and somebody cares. It's often people feel so crushingly alone that just having anybody text them can brighten an entire day and really change their mind. So I usually get asked this question so I just kind of throw this one in there. What are my reporting obligations legally if I find out a friend is suicidal? Basically none. You don't legally have to do anything unless you're actually getting paid to evaluate their mental state. If you're a teacher, a guidance counselor, a social worker, there's kind of other obligations that you would know about that if it was your job. But in general, as a good Samaritan, if you're acting in good faith, you will be fine.  You don't want to see them again and they actually go through with it. Are you culpable? Are you responsible in some way? And the answer is no, absolutely not. You didn't really have anything to do with it. You can't control them. There's usually a lot of survivor guilt in those sorts of cases, but no, legally you don't have an obligation to protect them. If you know what to do, it's certainly great to follow the framework we're gonna talk about. But what's most important is that you know that you get out there and actually say something and do it and activate the plan. So building rapport. This is Uma Thurman's, do you listen or do you wait to talk? And Vincent Vega's, well I have to admit, I wait to talk, but I'm trying to learn to listen. So that's how I always explain active listening. And if you're a real film buff, you'll know that it's not actually from this still, it's from the director's cut, but I couldn't get that screen cap, so. Okay, it's the important thing. So building rapport, what's constructive? What's constructive is asking one question at a time. Give the person time to respond. This is a little counterintuitive, but if you repeat back to them what they just said, it makes them feel understood and heard. People that are in a acutely suicidal state or even in just a very depressed state, they think like they have blinders on. And research has been done to give them sets of math problems or have them do various cognitive, functional skill tests that you just don't perform as well. You can't see a variety of options in the way that you normally would. So your thinking is actually impaired into this kind of unilateral rut where you think there's only one way out and one thing that you can do. So it's very important to get people to break out of that and say, it's like this now, but it hasn't been this way all the time. Tell me how you feel. And let me show you that I understand what you're saying. So say when you don't understand, don't ever say you do understand when you don't. They catch on to that very quickly. And ask open-ended questions, let them respond. So obviously the opposite of that would be destructive things. Active listening is not social engineering. It's kind of the takeaway from this. Yes, you are maybe filling out a threat assessment. Yes, you are thinking about what they're talking about, but that's kind of what people are supposed to do all the time when they're in conversations. You're not actually manipulating an outcome. And most importantly, because of that, the inhibited ability to perform cognitive functions all of the really cool, socratic, rational, logical arguments that you can step them through will absolutely fail. People do not respond to rational arguments when they're in that sort of state. What you want to do is create a buffer zone, a bubble, where they can get through a crisis because it will eventually end where they are safe. And then once that's done, and they kind of get back to a more clear way of thinking, almost like if you're out with somebody and they're like drinking, you can't talk to them anymore. You have to get them through that space, and then you can confront their problems. You can use cognitive behavioral therapy as pretty much the state of the industry to confront people's misperceptions and change their worldview. But you're not gonna be able to do that when someone's in the middle of a crisis. Okay, so separating feelings from states of being. This is actually a great slide because this is something you can do on yourself all the time that you might not, it's one of those things you don't really think about or hear yourself say, but if you become aware of it, it can actually start to kind of change the way that you also perceive the world. So stop saying you are so many things. Like I am lonely, I am a mess, I am angry. Like it's a sense of is-ness that becomes immutable and becomes who you are. It's like when you introduce something, they're like they are nice, which is the worst possible word because it means nothing, but they are smart. You just accept this person is that thing and it's never going to change. So if you change that to a simple I feel that right now, but I could change that, it might change in the future. This gives you wiggle room to be able to change the way that you think about things. So it's a pretty good tactic. And then this slide is a slight deviation and it's another intentional wall of text. But I just wanted to point out, this is one I hear around here all the time. I'm sober now. And it's another thing that really means nothing. It's euphemistic and we all use it to say I'm stressed, I'm troubled, I don't want to deal with it. But you don't know, it could mean anything.   But really, if you dig down into that a little bit, I feel exhausted from working all the time. Okay, you're getting somewhere. No, dig deeper.  Now that's maybe a little more relevant. Okay, if you can get under that and actually find out what they're afraid of that's making them feel that way, then you can actually confront the problem and get them to change something that will make them feel less burnt out. So you can probably read this one later, but it's kind of the progression of extracting that information. So bringing it up is the S question that I mentioned earlier. So we're assuming at this point that you found a safe space, you're talking to your friend or whoever this is, you've assessed that they are at risk, you're concerned about them, you think they trust you, and now you're ready to ask. So you can ask directly. Some of the things that you said made me think that you are thinking about suicide. Am I right? This is probably one of the less awkward ways to ask, but you can kind of figure it out for yourself. Indirectly, have you ever wished that you just didn't have to deal with all this anymore? The point is you can actually practice and find a statement that feels good for you. It's really weird how difficult it is to find something that you can utter without it catching in your throat. It's almost like when you first start talking about sex or have to ask someone about contraception for the first time. Like, you might be able to just talk about all of these things in public or other settings, but you put someone one-on-one and you make them ask a vulnerable question like that and it's really, really hard. But you gotta suck it up and do it, and if you can't and you're that concerned about somebody, you need to find someone who can. So don't say, this is the one thing that I will say don't, everything else. There's not really a wrong way to do things, usually. People are very concerned about what don't I say. Like, you're gonna say the magic thing that sends them over the edge, don't worry about that.  This is like the worst. First of all, you've delegitimized all their feelings.  And you're asking a negative response where it sounds like you're basically saying, don't bother me with your problems. Like, you're not gonna get a yes to this question ever. So don't do that. All right, so depending on their response, and this is what you're looking at here is a screenshot of what's actually on the CD. This is the threat assessment framework that volunteers actually use to go through and check off all these boxes. I know it's really little, we're gonna zoom into the sections in a second. You don't have to check off every box in order to do a successful intervention. This is just the information overload that I know everyone loves. So once you get a yes to this sort of question, now you're doing a threat assessment. So first, immediate state. This is probably more relevant to volunteers when they pick up the phone, but is a suicide already in progress? If yes, you call 911, you can't handle that yourself. Are they currently under the influence of drugs and alcohol? Are potential suicide methods nearby? Usually you can't convince someone to give them up right away. There's a very long trust building process there, but eventually they will. And also self-harm, is there self-harm in progress? Is it just completed? Is it part of their world view? Whatever. So that's the first triage that you do. But we're gonna zoom in your friend intervention that it's not this critical. So suicidal ideation and intent. This is really the meat of what you're looking for. So are you currently suicidal? Are you having suicidal thoughts recently? In the last two months is about the buffer zone. Was the person to ask directly the suicide question? We track that. So if this current intent exists, is it, do you have a plan? Do you have a method? Do you have easy access to that? So the more concrete someone's idea or plan is, the higher the threat. Obviously, if you say, yeah, I'm gonna go get my dad's gun and you have that gun and you know where ammunition is and you have all these things in order, that is a very critical situation. If somebody says, yeah, I don't know. I maybe thought about pills, but I probably don't have enough and like, I don't really know, but I just don't wanna be here. Like the risk is lowered. It doesn't mean we walk away obviously, but it's a different sort of situation. So capability and desire is how strongly or how likely you are to actually execute on the plan that you've talked about. So have you made prior attempts? Remember the early graph, that's the strongest indicator of future attempts. Have you made rehearsals, which is not quite an attempt, but where you kind of play with the method. There's an entire addiction underlying like psychology to suicide that we don't really have time to talk about, but it becomes kind of like a safety blanket that people use it in an escapist sense to go off into a fantasy land where their problems don't exist anymore. So kind of digging down into how much they've brought that out of the fantasy world and into the real world. So then you just document, what's wrong? Why now? Why not tomorrow? And why not now? You know, what are the buffers? You wanna start illicitting the good stuff. And who else is involved? So who else can you get in there? You really don't wanna try to tackle this alone if you don't have to. So risk indicators, this is your desire, intent, and capability. Kind of, this builds the profile. This is where you find out, is someone feeling hopeless or are they feeling lonely? Do they feel like a burden to their family? This is the core of the standard archetypes that you'll see. Their intent, again, would be if it's in progress, you've already called 911. And then their capability, this is kind of like a checkbox to some of the questions that we were describing before. But just you kind of learn to kind of speed read, I guess, the various checkboxes and develop a profile or an archetype of various types of people. I mean, obviously all of our lives are individual, but we do fall into different kind of categories, I guess. And then your buffers. Internal buffers, always better than external buffers. If you can cope with stress, spiritual beliefs of any sort of a sort, it doesn't matter what it is, tend to be a protective factor. If you feel like you have a purpose in life, or if you're planning for the future is a big one. I remember talking to someone and then it seemed very critical. And then they said, well, God, I guess next year we're just gonna have to do it differently. For the planning event. I was like, oh, okay. Well, I guess that's pretty far away. So I guess risk, lower, good. So, and then external is your supporting relationships, your community bonds, your people connections. We may feel isolated just because we sit alone behind our computer every day, but that doesn't mean that we're not part of a strong community. It doesn't mean we don't have people to talk to. And it doesn't mean that we don't have strong relationships interpersonally and people that are there for us. So, okay. And then out comes the next actions. This is the GTD portion of the intervention. So you never walk away from a meeting without having your next actions defined and someone who is responsible. So you wanna document that this person was persuaded to accept assistance, who they're gonna talk to, any professional referral details, and then make sure that they've made a commitment to safety. So a commitment to safety is really critical if you're gonna let someone out of your sight. This is where the person agrees to not self-harm, to not use drugs and alcohol, and to not kill themselves until you're getting help and until you've had more time to adjudicate their situation. It's basically a safety bubble that they're agreeing to. And it's critical because we just can't keep them safe. People are incredibly determined and we cannot change their minds and we cannot protect them entirely all the time. There are people in locked psych wards that find incredibly creative and bizarre ways to kill themselves when they are determined to do so. So it's best not to try to lock them down. It's best to try to get that internally. And sometimes it takes quite a while, but so here's the threat assessment. Okay, so at this point, we've walked through all of the risk profiling. You've got a good idea of what's going on with the current situation, the current crisis, and you're ready to make a call. Is it high risk, moderate risk, low risk? What's most important from this slide, again, it's kind of a lot of text on this one, but this is also on the slide deck or that's published. So you can kind of use it. But generally, the people that you will encounter are not going to be high risk. They probably won't even be moderate risk. When you do a friend intervention, it will feel incredibly critical to you and people will feel very life and death, but when you actually fill out that rubric or that form, and that's why it's great to have these clinical assessment tools, you'll see that maybe what seems like an ungodly life and death really isn't a plan that's been made. Maybe it really is just more of a kind of nebulous idea they're having. So you're most likely statistically to end up in a low risk situation. So in that case, you want to get somebody safe, you want to get them referral, and then you can move on from there. If you ever do actually have a moderate or high risk situation, there is kind of a progression through voluntary, through an ER system, through voluntary commitment, through involuntary commitment. It can become very kind of legally feisty, so we don't really have enough time to deal with that. But if you need any sort of details on that, I'm happy to talk to you about it, but it really varies incredibly based on your geography. So it really, it could be anything, honestly. Some states have great systems, most of them do not. So you've accepted, you've persuaded the person in crisis to accept your help in getting better help. You've established a commitment to safety, you've got a safe space where they can ride it out for the next few hours, and now you're going to make a follow-up plan. So you want to enlist other people, keep them around. You want to keep the person that's in crisis from being alone. You want to get them online resources or reading material for the future, maybe. But most importantly, you want to get them towards professional care, and also you can move towards building a crisis plan with them. So this is kind of towards the end here. This is something a lot of people haven't seen before, and that's really kind of disappointing because it's really a critical part of any mental health strategy. And it's something you can build for yourself. So a crisis plan is something that you make proactively when you're not in a crisis. You identify your personal triggers, your warning signs, stuff that tells you personally that a crisis might be developing.  It's actually very effective. And one of the books that I pointed out earlier on the slide with all the covers is called How I Stayed Alive When My Brain Was Trying to Kill Me. And it's a story of a woman and her multiple attempts, and she finally implemented this crisis plan. She said she had printed out copies, had them all over her house on her fridge and her wallet had given them to her friends that were on the to call list and just inundated herself with this and refused to do anything but follow these action steps. And that was what finally got her to be able to deescalate herself rather than constantly having to refer on crisis services. So there's an example that's kind of filled out. I don't know if you can read it from here, but that's kind of what it looks like. And then there's a blank template that you can fill out on the CD. So the crisis plan is really critical for ongoing maintenance and for... I don't know how to describe that. I guess it really helps you have an anchor for yourself. So I know we're kind of rolling towards the end, but so tactical crisis response information. These are kind of some slides I just wanted to include toward the end for reference later. So you, 911, a current or past therapist, a hospital or counseling center, there's hotlines. This is all reference stuff that you can look at. If you wanna get involved in discussions, there's some channels on IRC, there's some subreddits, R-suicide watch is actually a really good one. R-suicidology has an academic slant. And then there's a few sites that I tried to find some ones that were more technically oriented. I've talked to a couple people that had started projects that kind of rose and died. So if anybody would like to work on this, this presentation is actually about half the length of what I had presented previously at Source. So there's just tons and tons of material. So it might be useful to maybe modularize it and get it up there so you could kind of dig down deeper into it. And then education and advocacy. These are places that... These should be your first line of defense if you ever have to hand out resources. Most of these organizations started in the 70s. It's a very, very kind of nascent area of study, surprisingly. But I mean, I guess that's due to our cultural things. And then these are references about all the other stuff that's in here. And I have questions. So thank you. I just, before that, I just want to, I want to thank everybody before you go, okay, okay, clap, fine. Thank you. So I just want to thank everybody for taking the time to come learn about this. And I hope that you actually feel like you got some actionable knowledge and can outline these steps and that you walk out if you're not depressed but hopeful about the change that we can make for each other. So I'll do Q and A. I mean, I didn't hear anybody hold any things up, but I can do Q and A in here if we have time or outside. Does anybody have like a counter? Did they actually give me extra time for this? Cause I'm running a counter right here. I'm not just making this up. Okay. So does anybody have any questions or anything they want to ask? Yeah. Go ahead. Odd, almost ethical sort of question. I'll skip over the details, but a friend of mine, she, her life from a very objective standpoint sucks. She's got chronic milk, don't illness, cannot hold a job because of it. She's sort of skating the edge of homelessness, this sort of thing. Your question is what, how do I feel about rational suicide? That is your question. Yes. Okay. That is one of the slides that was removed from the 90 portions. There was a whole things we can talk about at happy hour. Right to die stuff, rational suicide, there is absolutely a case for that. It falls into a very different category than the things that you see here. Generally the tenants of a rational suicide plan involve terminal illness, support from your friends and family, premeditation and a general comfort that everyone feels about the decision. And in that case, I mean personally, I'm not against that at all, but it's a very different than people who say, I have free will and I should have the right to decide this for myself. That may be the case, but as we talked about before, your brain is not functioning in the same way that it would normally. And like I mentioned at the beginning, about the number of attempts to completions, there's 15 attempts for every completion. That doesn't mean that every person attempts 14 times and then completes. No, the vast majority of people attempt once, do not complete suicide and never try it again and are incredibly glad about that. If those people were to have, through pure chance, had a different outcome, we never know whether or not people actually are satisfied with that. And that's the problem with calling things successful and failed. And also you're never gonna have a successful attempt. You only have failed attempts. So it doesn't really work. And that attempts to also alienate other survivors. So we should also try to get rid of the success, fail, committed. Yeah, there's a mic thing. Yeah, sorry, Aaron. It's a meritocracy. So I have a couple of family members that have had attempts or have talked about the feeling suicidal and they've got, they have some professional help, but I feel kind of helpless as to how to support them as a family member besides being encouraging and also what to do when they both like to talk a lot. So it's hard for me to balance. How do I know when, how to support them when most of the time they just, regardless of how their family just wanna talk and talk and talk. That's kind of like the emotional exhaustion with the front intervention that I was pointing out. Yeah, the difference with having a, being a real counselor is you have office hours and you can sit when you can and cannot speak with people, which you can't do with your family even when they're not suicidal. I would say that the crisis plan is the best way to start enforcing that because if you're a step on the crisis plan, you want to hope that all of the other steps have been completed before that point.  Did you already re-journal today?  You're not level one support. You're supposed to be like level two or three support for them. And you wanna make sure that they're doing the other things first, which isn't always easy to enforce, but if you make it seem like you're working with them and that way you can, you know, when they call that it's valuable, they're more likely to work with you. Thank you. Yeah, that helps. Yeah. Hello, everyone. So for those of you who don't know, my name is Render Man and about February, I went on a bit of a Twitter rant and DeFconn forums post that I am dealing with depression as much in our community does. Honestly, it's the fact that we've got this huge community that we need to really de-stigmatize reaching out. And, you know, we've lost some really notable people, but there's a lot of people we haven't heard about. Absolutely. And really, I think we need to have an attitude shift, particularly within these communities. That's something we can control to de-stigmatize depression and reaching out and, you know, taking that hand and getting that help that you need. So. Absolutely, I completely agree with that. In a way, we are kind of progressively ahead of other communities, which I know sounds a little counterintuitive, but because, I mean, we're here, we're doing this, and we do talk to each other. I think that the stigma, it perpetuates all of society really. If you start, if you look back through especially the mental health industrial complex since the turn of the century, we have done some really terrible things to people. We stigmatized it intentionally.  In England, the word coroner actually derives from the person whose job it was to decide whether or not a death was a suicide, because if it was, your family forfeited all of your assets and property to the crown. And it's a derivation of the etymology of crown, to the coroner, so, yep. Okay, and we're done. Thank you.