l dollar amount of something really does go wrong. We're really just starting from a very low number there. And there's a variety of things that we can do to try to increase that one is holding vacancies. We can kind of try to hold that position open for quite a bit, not fill it right away. And another way of thinking about it is just not particularly planning for it in the budget, but just trying to be smart in putting the budget together and making sure that you really are covering yourself for needs that you're going to have. And then if those needs don't happen to come to fruition, then we're able to find those savings. But the idea is not to set that as a goal and put a particular general fund line in to achieve that result. That said, is that like not a practice that's done at all? Like when you get under the fund balance, are you supposed to do something to get it back up there? Or is it just you leave it to chance and hope that there are some surpluses that you can apply or open vacancies? I can chime in on this Regina, if you want. Please. Okay. So best practice is that if you fall below your unassigned fund balance threshold, that you do have a plan to get that balance back up. It is not illegal or against the rules to budget to build that balance back up. But it is not best practice. So the hard thing in the city of Essex Junction is that our unassigned fund balance policy is very oddly worded. So normally a fund balance policy would say that you want to maintain a threshold of at least 15% because that's the minimum amount that GFOA best practice recommends. Ours says a balance up to 15%. So because of the way our policy is worded, it makes it a little bit more difficult for us to build up that fund balance and have a leg to stand on. Sounds like we need to review the policy. Yep. So we have one or two ways to proceed. We have before us a list of suggestions that staff have made both tonight and prior to the meeting with numbers. We can go through that and identify what we're comfortable with accepting or leaving alone or through what Regina brought to us tonight, accept or leave alone. And then get to everything we discussed off of this list and decide how we want to proceed on those things. I think, I think we need a little structure here to get through the rest of this. So why don't we, why don't we do just that. There's the first page of the budget transmittal the general fund budget file changes that were proposed. Let's just run through them quickly and we're not going to vote on everyone. Let's get some kind of consensus on, on what, what we're thinking. There's the, sorry. Just to be clear that this table are the changes as directed from budget. Right.  Yes. And not including what you brought up tonight at the beginning. Correct. So, making changes to this chart will then obviously change the files we have. And we'll have to ask for regardless of what we do tonight. We're going to have new thoughts. So, it looks like finance there's an increase of $500 in the budget for the finance line. I don't know that we can. What's that for. Some of these we're going to be quickly like rapid fire asking questions. Yeah, those per tax forms that we're sounds like Amber was about to say something. Yeah, I was just going to make a suggestion that if these are, if these are changes from budget day, can we just flip this around a different way as opposed to going through every single one of these and say, is, did anybody have any objections to these that were made pursuant to the discussion that we've already had. Yes. Yeah. Thank you. Yes. Let's just look at page one then. Anyone have an issue with any of this on page one. The quest to go softwares included for finance on that line. Do we want to leave that reduction take away quest to go that for next year. I'm just want to make sure we're clear quest to cut is within the budget that you have in front of you. It's a, it's a potential option on the other list that we just brought to you tonight. So what's the green in the table here the green 13,000 461. That's the savings. Just green green is savings red is added costs. Yeah, but it's that right but is we talked about so as a potential reduction more recently but what is this exact line in here. So this 13 for that's in here is I took all of the software that finance uses and allocated out to program funds so it's Nemerick. It is sorry not number. It's quest to cut cofax and one other. No, it is Nemerick. So those are the three software subscriptions that we have currently that originally I had thrown them all into the finance budget because I needed to figure out the allocations. The allocations have been calculated so it resulted in basically 13 for of the cost going out to the program funds or enterprise funds. Okay, so that's not quest to cut the way I was thinking of it so everybody okay. No. Okay, page one stays. First part. This is a big one on the top of page to capital. Where are we on this capital transfer. You want to keep it. Okay. I need to but I know Amber wants to keep it. I'm just guessing and it be $30,000 lower can can be is it negotiable. I appreciate the reasoning and I totally understand the position, but it literally wipes out all the savings and ads ads. So I'm wondering if we can zero these amounts. Prefer to leave this one if we're trying to shave off 30 and make the argument to the community at a public hearing and see what they think. I think we need to keep on track with the capital program. Realizing it's wiping out these savings. 30,000 in the grand scheme of things here. I think will hurt us long term. More than will save us early. But, you know, let's put a pin in it. But it looks like it's at a hand up, Amber. I was just going to reiterate how we started this entire conversation, which is the nickel and diamond conversation. $30,000 taking $30,000 off of capital does what to the 7% increase. I mean, I guess that's, you know, if we're trying to get to what 5%, that is not going to get us there. So I again, I mean, I feel pretty strongly about this, as you know, but I think just taking $30,000 to take $30,000 is really not getting us to where we need to be. I mean, that's understandable, but also we are nickel and diming everything right now. And so another 30 would add to this long list of green, you know, in the black options that if we keep going, that's part of it. So I just, I'd like to put a pin in it and not make it the final decision on that particular one just this second. So just for clarity, sorry, the point of this today, though, too, is to try to have a budget that we can then present to the community for a public hearing. So maybe this can be that pin of, I think it's what you were saying, do we intentionally call this one out at the public hearing and ask the community, is this something that we want to reduce knowing that ultimately is going to cost us more in the end. It's the town meeting kind of question. Right. You know, it's the village annual meeting kind of question where we're like, look, we think we've gone through this with a fine tooth comb. There's one or two things we'd like to advice. I have another one in mind that we'll talk about in a little bit, but this is I think one of them. We feel very strongly. This is X, Y and Z. What do you think it will save you X. I feel willing to do that. Yeah, so I, so let's leave it in for now. It sounds like it will bring it up specifically. Com Dev. I'm not seeing anything. The only other one I mentioned on here. Well, what's this note reduced grand match of 10,000 to 6,000 for updated Pearl Street.  Once Chris looked into that a little bit, we're really thinking we only need a $5,000 match for that UPWP project. What you still have in your budget is $6,000 for that match. We could potentially reduce it another 1,000, but it's nice to have wiggle room in case the cost of that scope comes in higher. And, or again, very little money for engagement and public outreach, and that could potentially be at least $1,000 to do something. Okay. And for instance, the mail that we sent out about the rental registry, how much was that 1300 ish ballpark it over this. Don't worry about it. It was a lot. Sorry. It's okay. You don't have to. I mentioned earlier wanting to raise the legislative strategic plan implementation, figure up. Are people comfortable doing that? We raise it up. Take out less. Maybe leave it at 30 instead of 50 right now it's been reduced to 10. No, I'm not comfortable. Personally, I would prefer it go up just if we're going to do the strategic plan is the results are not going to be nothing different. Keep doing the status quo. You all are fantastically on point. It's going to be we want something different. We want something new. And so without money, it will be okay. Thanks. Wait until next year. We don't know what the something is. But this would prepare us so that when the something is identified that we could do something in this next budget year instead of waiting until July 2025. But the strategic planning that we have done thus far is so high level that I don't think right now I could comfortably say the 10,000. What is 10,000 going to do if we're talking about just community engagement. I think 10,000 covers it where we would be right out of the initial gate. We will have to have a conversation and get into the next fiscal year about about how that again that strategic plan now restructures our point nor our northern direction. But I, I don't see this money even at 30,000 is going to take on any major project that may be suggested from the strategic planning discussions that have been had thus far. That's going to happen out of capital that's going to happen out of public works or some other department that have will have an impact on those things. I think that this money will be primarily focused or used in a community engagement way so for me. I don't, I think 30,000 is personally too much, but I would add to that to say that depending upon what it is whatever opportunities we decide to pursue we can go for grants. We can try something else. I will ask a clarifying question. I'm thinking of this from much more global community engagement perspective, not so much strategic planning. So that might be me. If I'm thinking about this in a more global community engagement way, where would that be more appropriately placed in the budget. Like when you and I had a conversation about how to get some mailers out and we're talking about some other things and I brought up this rubric we approved. I want to make sure my point here is to make sure we're actually able to do that work. And that we're going to ramp up a couple committees as a result of this thing as well. And they're going to need to do they're not just going to sit there in a room by themselves they're going to need to be out in the community doing things. And so, where does that money, where would that be better spent I mean right now I'm thinking of that as that's the proxy for this line. But maybe that's just not accurate. I want to make sure we're able to do some of that and keep the momentum, such as it is, just be able to do what we said we're going to do because if we don't have the money to do the community outreach that we've committed and claim that we want to do. So I guess I'm maybe conflating the strategic planning process and follow up with wanting to be able to continue to improve our interactions with community and our community's interactions. I think we might in this case have to strike a balance between what we have to do or what we want to do as a result of strategic planning and what we're capable of doing, and perhaps right size our expectations as to what we'll be able to do going forward. Realizing that the finances aren't quite there to accomplish or kick off these really ambitious plans that we have for our future like I think we have to start a little slower than we anticipated which is really disappointing. I guess I'm just be more clear. Even if we're not taking item to be from the strategic plan, we've still committed to improve our engagement and depending on the project or the whatever we're trying to implement in the community. We've committed to doing it differently. And that will cost money. Yeah, so if not under this line that says strategic plan implementation where where would it be and it would be in the admin or legislative or there is a little bit of increase in the admin budget for those kinds of things. And I think we increase community development a little bit as well. Again, it's they're relatively small dollar amounts in the sense of like you try to get out in community. You need to pay for advertising. You need to pay for signs. You need to pay to give people food. All these things costs a lot. So there's a I'll say to be clear. There's a little bit added in admin and there's a little bit added in community development. It's not. It's not a lot to really. Yeah, for instance, the next line down is $26,000 savings. But we now don't have a budget for the next year's community meal if we want to do what we're doing at the end of this month. So, you know, that concerns me and I realized we talked about that on budget day, but now I'm. I'm thinking that's a bad idea. So, yes, may find if we're deciding if we're going back up to the strategic plan implementation and the feeling in the room is we don't need to do it. Or we need to slow that down and leave just leave it at just 10 out of. Leaving it strictly to strategic planning in that line. What do people want to do? I'm at slow it down and leave it at 10 Amber. Sorry, I did. Okay. I didn't need to figure out what you meant by that for a second so late. What is ditto. Marcus Andrew. I just want to acknowledge again, looking at the administrative budget with the increase that was put on those particular lines that impact community engagement. There's probably about. 20,000, 25,000 dollars worth of increases on this particular budget for those line items. We're talking about. Advertising communications printing and binding postage. So. If that is an increase based on. Our actuals now. That's one thing versus are these increases, including the engagement that I assume the community are our communications director. Based on her previous on what she's previously said to us is her increased engagement. So I'm assuming that some of this work. Would be included in what is being proposed here in the administration budget. The legislative budget, which I think also. To address your point concerning boards. Probably does not address the additional board because for instance. There's a 2700 dollar decrease because of the fact that it's not. Assuming the housing, it doesn't look like it's assuming the housing board. Maybe that's on a different line right now. And I'm sorry, I'm looking at this in the moment. But it is acknowledging that this legislative line. For the community advisory board, 3 additional committees. Oh, determine through the strategic planning process. So this is. Talking about 3 additional committees. And the governance committee, which we have to get up and running by statute. So. It would seem to me. But some of this is already being addressed in the, in the budget. So. In order to achieve that same engagement goal. So asking about the strategic plan implementation line. I would say leaving it at 10. That's my question right now. Andrew. I was at 30. So. When am I already. Okay. All right, stays at 10. For now. Okay. Economic development, remove all funds and pause for one year note. There's no budget for a community meal for 2025. We got to have a community meal. Yeah, I'm just wondering how much of. I don't recall. I don't remember the conversation around how that came up. And we don't have to go down a long road on it. But I think we need a community meal. I just don't know what that. What the difference would be if it's a. It's a 5 or a 10 or a. I just don't remember how that particular. Yeah. So. From what I recall, the reduction of the economic development budget was sort of combined with the concept of like just community events shouldn't really be an economic development budget. They should be. In community development. Or another budget that makes more sense for events. And at the time, I didn't realize that we're, we're using that. As a community event. This year. So the economic development budget this year is being used to help pay for the community meal. Okay. And so without that. And Ashley, I don't know if you're able to help figure out. Like what the total cost is of the January 27th. I mean, it's a little bit. Split between two. Two different projects, but. And we're still sort of sorting some of this stuff out, but. We can figure out. What the cost of January 27th is going to be. And look at the budget and make sure we've got at least that amount covered. Okay. Support keeping. Yeah, I mean, we need to keep something. So let us know what that is. I guess. It sounded like we were all good on removing GBIC funding. Okay, go across enterprise funds. Is there anything else on here? Anybody has any questions or concerns about. No, everybody good. Okay. The rest of it stays. Okay. And running through. What Regina brought up this evening. She started with finance. And 16,000 to put off the quest to go software for a year. Just, can you. Do you have a sense of, can you give us a sense of what that, what impact that might have on your department. So, um, the intention, we've, we've already started working on setting it up and actually transferring all of our data. Uh, historical data over from the town. Um, so it's in process and the program is meant to be primarily a budgeting tool. It's software for budgeting. Um, but it's also like Regina mentioned a live. Um, it would be a great tool for reporting all department heads, all council members, um, and other select staff would have access to the program. Um, then you can assign different levels. We have an unlimited user license so we can have as many users as we want. Uh, it would also be a great tool moving forward for capital planning. Um, it's a software that is actually used for capital planning that hasn't been implemented yet. Um, so essentially what this means is you would only be getting the monthly financial reports that you're getting right now. Staff doesn't have a live view of what's going on day to day. Um, without this software being implemented. Um, it's a much more efficient process. It would take a lot less time. Um, doing these, doing the budgeting through the spreadsheets is fine. It works, but there's a lot of room for error. Um, plastic would remove a lot of that and it's a much more. Um, efficient process. It would take a lot less time. Um, because staff would be able to enter data directly into the software instead of having to send me files back to then again. Um, it would take a lot of time. Um, it would take a lot of time. Um, it would take a lot of time. Um, it would take a lot of energy efficiency. Um, and in going forward with this software. Not to say that it can't be done. Um, but there are definitely some. Uh, things that we kind of went backwards on this year, uh, as far as the reporting goes, we did have the functionality when we were with the town. Um, and this is kind of the last piece that needs to get stood up for us. So we would essentially be just abandoning that project. If we decide to go forward with it in a future year, we would incur those implementation costs all over again. Also. Chief. Just one comment. That piece of software is at least for us. Almost critical at the end of year because it's like, I'm literally in there every single day to find out where my budget is and to make sure that I'm closing out the year. Um, without running over and without quest to kind of, I don't know that I could be as accurate as we are. Okay. Thumbs up over there. No, not a family. David. Yeah. Okay. Great. All right. So there's, um, paving, uh, insult, uh, reductions in the streets now. Good. All right. Um, I don't read my writing very well here. Um, keep up with Regina. So admin, just in terms of costs of staff training, um, Katma mentioned as a potential thing that we can reduce. Um, that is relatively small dollar amount, but it certainly is something and it's not a, it's not benefit we offer to staff right now. Um, how much was that? Yeah. Sorry. I was looking forward to. Got too many computers. Oh, there's something we can cut. It should be right here. 2,500 350 for 2,500 for Katma. Yeah, it's kind of that whole line. So it ends up being about $6,000. Yeah. We're not offering that now. Correct. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Folks. I. Nobody wants to be the first. I know it goes against our goals to do bike pad. But. If it's not in there now. Then no one's going to miss it. Amber. I'll go with the everybody else, but again, it's $6,000. I don't know how it really impacts this. Yeah. Well, unless we find some enormous ticket item. This is how we're going to have to do it. Well. I'm sorry. I already wrote this list down. Otherwise I do it the way we just did it. Yeah. I didn't. So, right. So we're, this is where we are. Yep. So I'd say leave it. Leave it or not do it. Leave it in. Anybody else? Like on the record. I'm taking it. I say take it out. Lenses out. Thank you. I'm thinking it in. Okay. What did I was in just to, just to be clear. I'm in. Okay. It's in. Um, Uh, Start paying for training for firefighters. Yeah. Yeah. No delay this start. No, no delay. No delay. No delay. Um, Buildings budgets to Lincoln. So. My question that came up when you said this was, I'm still not familiar with where stuff are going to go. I'm assuming a lot of them will be working remotely. Um, but shaving.  I don't know where folks that do need to have a space to. Meet the public will be. I'm a little nervous about that without knowing. That work. Um, about shaving any more off. I mean, it's not necessarily the same line items, right? I don't know where those project costs or relocation are going to come from. Um, so if we can truly save $5,000 by not being in the building, sure. Yeah. So we really need to go to that level. With that level of risk of not having enough to.  Yeah. You know, so. I just ignore it. So we have a. Thought and a suggestion of how and where staff will go. Um, we're prepared to bring that to you when we can bring you a to Lincoln update, which is closer towards the end of the month. Okay. I think it's safe to say that Harlan made that suggestion with that in mind. Okay. I'm, I'm very comfortable with the recommendations that I made. And if we get into. Um, If we get into the transfer one. Um, That particular budget piece people seem to be. Unfortunately, I'm building a department again, which is what I did when I took over parts of my creation main and so it was no actual parts maintenance department. I built some scratch. Um, We built it. We are in the same scenario with this building where it started when we were part of the town. Um, and it was trying to figure out some sort of a need to it. There's not a lot of historical data, but I'm able to use what I've been doing in buildings and grounds for years to try to predict what's going on. Um, We have one $50,000 transfer. We have so much going on within buildings right now. That that money would just go in there and sit there. There's, there are no emergencies or capital projects in line that have to be done in the 2025 year that that $50,000. So letting it go for one year now. I think we're talking about two different things here. Right now you're talking about. Well, Before I was talking about saving five grand off to Lincoln being vacant. Yeah. Um, Regina has suggested we might save a little money, not being in the building on supplies. It was a small amount, 5,000. So out of the administration line, not out of the building. Let me look at this.  I think these are the two Lincoln building line, two, 10, 41, 20. Yeah. It's two, 10, 41, 20. It's the building's line. But is it a supply? Is that a 610 or is that a 431? 431. This is so impressive. And I'm very comfortable with removing $5,000 because I am going to have at least three quarters of the building that I'm not going to have to maintain. Okay. Let's just do that. Okay. Yeah. Okay. Great. Yes. Okay. What did you have next on your list, Regina? I saw Park Street School is what I wrote down. Yeah. So these are both next are the 431 line. Harlan. Park Street School. And Maple Street. A potential $5,000 reduction for Park Street School, but you're thinking you're less comfortable with that. Do you think we'll probably still need it? I'm, I'm weird. Right. Any panic when you asked me to reduce budget, you're not going to give it back to me the following year. In this particular year, we have just dumped a lot of money back in. We've just dumped a lot of money into Park Street School. We are again, not in an emergency situation, but there are some things that I'm going to need to address. I don't need to address them. Well, you know what, from. This sounds counterintuitive, but from our fund balance conversation from God knows how long ago tonight. I'm just to just assume, just leave these there. And build that up. And. I know it sounds weird, but. Yeah. It's also one of those things to give a burst pipe. I know that's kind of thinking we're, this building is going to be empty. That makes sense. Right.  But I'm just me. And so if other people disagree. Right there with your office. I would agree. Okay. That's fine. All right. What's next there? Building fund transfer. Yeah. So then there's the $50,000 transfer. To from the general fund to the buildings. Fund. And. For the reasons I said above, but if you were asking my opinion, I wouldn't do this, but. Yeah, I thought we were using a lot of the bulk of what we're transferring to replace the roof of the Brown L library and the carpeting. Right. So. And I speak to this one, but the way that I believe it's set up. So this is very similar to a capital repairs. For all buildings. And the goal is to continue to dump $50,000 into a year. And then we pick projects and we assign the money to it. Yep. And now there is money assigned to the roof project. And this $50,000 would not automatically go to that roof project. It would go there and sit there. And so I present you with a list of projects that need to be taken care of. And then you would assign. But those could come at any time. I mean, really, you know, could use the discipline to ensure that this continues. Believe me, I've got. That I don't have numbers on, but again, none of them in our emergency. Keep it. And I don't foresee them. And we have repairs and maintenance line items per building to cover. So this one truly will truly sit there, but it will also build. It will also build in a needs to build. That's why. If you needed to take it for the fiscal year 25 budget. It's probably not going to put us behind an eight ball. But it's got to come back on the 26 budget and it's going to continue at something. And it's going to be an increase next year. But I'm just looking at page 136 in our packet and it talks about, we have a beginning balance in FY 25 in the building fund of 30,000 786. Adding 50,000. Spending 75 on the Brown Hill roof entrance and carpeting. And then ending balance of $5,700. Yeah. There was a place over at the moment. Nothing has been assigned to carpet. We're looking at changing the way that we approach the carpet replacement. So that. Yeah. And that note. Elaine is saying in FY 24 is the Brown Hill roof and entrance. So we, we would be covered by what we've. Oh, got it. FY 24. Okay. Um. FY 25 is. Yeah, there's a note there for the. Okay. Replacement. So then. We're, we're actually not. It just seems to me that these projects are like specifically allocated and the money's allocated. But what you're telling us now is it's not. The only thing allocated is the root. Is the root. The others are, you're going to see those others pop up. I could verbally tell you some that I have not. And the time. To put in and enter into this because we don't. But it's things that I'm going to need to take care of. So there are repairs and maintenance lines. For each and every building. And then there is this, which is very similar to a capital. Where we're going to accumulate money. We are going to give you a list of projects that those money could be assigned to. They're going to be a more larger project. That we would not. Put into our general fund budget.  To take care of those particular. I'm going to say leave it. Yep. Okay. Amber needs to leave it on this topic. I can guess. Okay. First and I'll change. So. Just know there's a potential $11,000. Decrease that'll come there. I don't think you need to decide. Something there. Okay. All right, let's leave that alone. The next thing I haven't left on my list is. I think that was it. Was that it that you brought extra tonight? Yeah, I know that the library is definitely looking at some of their software costs. I mentioned that there's a. We've got to figure out the part time hours for the library. That was it. Right. So now is the time for anyone who has any other big proposals. That they'd like to consider. Okay.  Main street park. Main street park was pulled. Well, we were waiting to hear about the grants and whether we could reapply or apply the grants to the train station. We have not had those conversations yet with the state. What we did do so far is we have applied for. Emerald ash borer that was the grant that we had on the table last month to potentially apply for trees at maple street. I mean, I'm sorry. Main street mainstream. So we have shifted gears there and we've been able to put in an application for emerald ash borer. So we did that. The conversations about whether we can. You know, shift the grant funds that we have right now for mainstream park to and track. We've not been able to have those conversations with the state. It's a little bit hard for me to imagine that they'll let us shift it, but we will make those asks and sort that sort that out. In terms of your general fund budget and any changes that might happen. I think that's an important part of this. I just want to make sure that we have the funds that are provided with that. But I want to make sure that we have a direct on the general fund side of things because that's all, all of the dollars that we've been talking about for and track press and connector and mainstream park are in the economic development fund. With. Knowing that we have to ask the voters to. Reop. That economic development fund in. In April. And without knowing if they're going to do that. and understood at this stage of the game that Main Street Park is not the priority for those spots. Okay. Okay. Anybody over here? Yep. I think I have an already said. Do I'm trying to remember what you said. I don't think I wrote it down. You had a question about the EJRP staff in the EJRP admin budget and if the program funds pay for those staff, as opposed to just coming from the general fund. Correct. Brad is on here if he wants to answer that question. If he, if he's can't, we can get that question answered for you. I'm totally fine. It doesn't need to be a 10 o'clock at night. Yeah. Right. You just real quick Andrew there currently is not a process by which enterprise funds are transferred to the general fund for EJRP. It's something Jess has brought up and she's outlined kind of a list of considerations for us to take a look at over the next year. So it's, it's definitely a conversation that's in the works, but it's not something we've been able to tackle prior to this budget cycle. Is it something that given the desire from at least for myself to reduce our increase? Could that happen for this upcoming fiscal year or for this upcoming budget to be voted upon? Well, I guess I would say twofold. I would say anything can happen.  I think where the reason we haven't tackled it is because it's complex. I think it's relatively straightforward or more straightforward. I guess I should say in the other enterprise funds for EJRP. There's a lot of things that are in the enterprise funds that we probably could rationalize should be in the general fund. For example, all of our community events that the community enjoys are in there and paid for on the backs of other programs, which is totally appropriate and maybe you all find that that's appropriate. So there's some conversations about things like that. I think the other pieces that EJRP in particular our business coordinator takes on a lot of roles and responsibilities that other departments don't take on when it comes to account. Payables, receivables and payroll. And so it just requires a little bit of a different lens. We need to, you know, there's all sorts of different ways as Jess has talked about allocating by number of full-time equivalents or by number of hours or by budget or by number of copies or all of those things. We just also have to factor in some of the responsibilities that we're taking on in-house of EJRP that are not being passed on to HR or finance or admin. So I don't think Jess or I even have a number to throw out to put in this budget. So I'm not sure where that leaves us other than to say it's been on the radar and it's been heard and it's something that we can sort out. I'm just not sure if it can get sorted out cleanly and the timeline you're looking for. Yeah, that was just my ultimate question was, is it something that could happen for this upcoming budget without knowing what those unintended consequences might be, such as other work not being able to be done because of that? I don't know the answer to those questions and would need to have that from you all, which I assume again you probably can do having only thought of this for the past two minutes. So I'm fine leaving that as a, we'll get back to you. I mean, that's all I have right now. Jess or Regina, feel free to chime in if you think there's a way to fast track that conversation. I don't know that there's a way to fast track that conversation. We certainly can look at it. Would it be a similar process to what's outlined in the budget right now with the administrative charges that are applied to all the different apartments in the general fund budget? I mean, it seems like that might be a similar when comparing similar processes. It's not really because as Brad was referencing, there are a lot of things that are done by EJRP staff that in those, the other enterprise funds are done by finance staff. So payroll, for instance, is a huge one. We really just kind of review what EJRP has put into the payroll system. All of that data entry is happening in EJRP rather than within the finance department. So it's just one example of what kind of the offset where that allocation would be different for the EJRP program funds. Sounds like a much larger project. A strategic conversation about where we want to be and all that works, but that needs to happen, but maybe not in time. My impression. Anything else from? Not EJRP related. Anything else at all. The other portion I mentioned with the library between either a reduction of hours or we set a baseline budget. You had mentioned a cut as well. Do you anybody have a, if we're talking about that, is there a dollar target because we don't want to start getting into specifics. I would put on the table that it be 964,134, which is the equivalent number of the FY 24 budget. So you leave it essentially flat. Correct. Because the increase year over year is 91,000. So that would save us a couple of points. Well, a point. So is the question, what would that, what impact would that have? Or is that just a flat? Is that what we want to do? What are you suggesting? You are you are you saying I just plain want to see that? How do we all feel about that? Are you saying I'd like feedback from the library and how that would affect. I would like to see the library make that adjustment, but I'm again, totally open to hearing from them. Give me some justification. And I'll, I'll be blunt about it. In a way that I mean, it's like the library is in our budget. I mean, there are officials on this. There are elected trustees on, on if they could run this on their own, in their own vote as a, but it's not. So, sorry. If, if, if they want to have a discussion about it, I'm open to that, but I think that I'm feeling. And again, I have, I will send out what I, but I said earlier, which is. Some data that I looked up because again, my question is about right sizing these departments. I don't have specifics. I know Andrew has some, some ideas, but I mean, I, I agree. Giving the department heads the opportunity to use their expertise come up with this on their own. That's fine. But I think that they should present a level set budget. If they come back and it's not. They give us the strongest argument as to why this needs that. I would be interested in seeing the results of that. But I also would like to see the same treatment applied to other departments. Not comfortable targeting one department because we feel like it's too big. So, are there other departments that we feel like we could challenge them to come back with a different budget. The other thing is perhaps we offer two options come back with a, with a flat level funded and come back with a 2%. And the range of increases in this budget is from like 1.2% to 48.8. So, you know, different areas, it's not actual department it, but so I want to be sure that, you know, we're not targeting a department because it feels big, but rather trying to be conscientious about what we're asking a department to do. And are there other departments that we should be having a similar conversation about. I will answer that question specifically because I have looked at the other departments and I would, I would say, yes. Again, through the same lens of trying to right size what it is recognizing there is some individual differences between us and other communities. So, I'm not, not trying to say we're all the same. But, you know, also looking at again where the increases are and how much those totals are and where those impacts are. I mean, again, even from an EJRP stand, I would say I would challenge that particular number. Because I think that if I look at other comparable communities, it should be less. But their increase is only $30,000. It's a drop in comparison to some of these others. So then I start to go down the line of, okay, there's $75,000 increase on the admin. There's $80,000 on finance. There's, you know, $74,000 for IT. I don't want to just say and I level set the whole thing. Because again, public works is a question for me. And yet I think I don't want to risk projects that need to be done and the maintenance and care of our, you know, roadways and, you know, all that stormwater. Same thing. But I also asked the question before this meeting, because I was curious about, again, like store, like wastewater treatment. When that utility is set up, what is that going to look like for us? Are we going to be able to get to a point where the, the revenue that comes in from the utility as well as the revenue that comes from our shared partnerships from wastewater. Can we get to a point where that's covered by the fees and not having to come out of general fund? In the same way, I think, is there a place where EJRP could be in a place where that can happen. I don't believe so after taking a look at it and thinking about again, the childhood education, the early childhood education and senior services and other programs that are impacted by it. So it becomes difficult. I'm really not trying to pick on any one particular department. But I think 7% is too much. And I would love to see more come out of this particular budget. I would love to be able to say everybody taking 1% off or something and then let's let's contribute. And I, again, don't want to discount the work that's already been done. I think the staff has already applied some, some savings in there. That made me feel a little wonky, but I get the reasoning and I don't want to go back and debate any of those things, but it's hard because as you've said earlier and we've acknowledged, right? It is kind of nickel and diming all these departments in order to get to a place where we feel better about it. My hesitation about going through and saying 1% off from everybody is we just spent 2 hours. It feels like discussing 2500 here in 5000 there. Because department heads. And ourselves. We're not finding 1% across the board. I think the argument's been made that there might be some wiggle room in the level of service and I'm just reflecting back the level of service offered at Brown L. Comparatively, and I've said this on budget day, our ability to sustain that increased level of service delivery year over year. We are at 60 published hours open for the library versus the average of Williston. Of the communities around us that are the same size with similar grand list of 48. I'm suggesting that there might be some room there for the library to figure out how can we become a little more sustainable. What is that service level is that appropriate and let the community decide as part of the budget process or at least in a public hearing. No, you're absolutely wrong. We don't want to do that. But I, again, back to what you were saying Elaine and what we've been advised. I don't want to get overly prescriptive about how they do it. It's just if we're trying to find room. That is the 1 of the only places after everything else we've described that I was able to find it. Do I like it. No. Do I think that the trajectory the department is on. Is sustainable. No. I just don't. I don't know how we go have this conversation next year when it when it's gone up. Even 5%. And we can't have that conversation on specifics with them. So we need to ask them to have a conversation. And give us the, you know, it doesn't leave a lot of time, right? We're up against we get this net on to Wednesdays from now. We have to consider it with everything else we're going to talk about that night and make a decision so that we can present it on Saturday. So. I'm open to the 2 options like what happens if you level fund it what happens if it's 2%. We can start there. I'm just putting that out there because you suggested it somewhere in between what you were saying.  People rely on. People rely on the library. People rely on EJRP, they're on streets, they're on fire, everything. So. But at some point. We have to be able to at least ask. What is going to be what is the impact of this is the sustainable. What happens if we do. This and just at least, let's just talk about it. I don't think I don't want it to come across as targeting. And I don't know that going across the board and saying 1% from everybody after everything we've been through tonight and on budget day is realistic. Just putting that out there.  You suggested at least give them a couple of options to come back with on impacts. I think that's reasonable. And let's. Really give them a chance that Wendy and the board a chance to. To really explain to us what that means because then they're explaining it to the community and if the community wants it. To stay the same. Great. We'll figure it out. I guess, right. And if they want it to change, then it'll change. But. So I think, I think that's, is that all. Is that is there anything else from folks. Okay. Anybody in the room have any comments on everything that's been discussed for the last period of time. Sure, come on up. And I see one hand online, so we will be right with you. So my name is Richard Smith. I just want to, and I don't want to target anybody, but I think we really do. I was really glad to see some of this conversation. I'm really concerned because I think what we lose sometimes, and I've heard it now three years in a row is I keep hearing we provide services to other communities. And I'm nearly positive the street apartment came in here and said, I am planning my budget so I can go cloud streets will listen. You'd be really confused about why they're doing that. And we continue to hear certain programs say over and over we provide services to other communities. And that is not what the taxpayers of that section are paying for. And it was one of the biggest reasons that the, when we thought this split was going to be worthwhile is we're going to be able to focus on our community. And we're still hearing department heads come out and say, well, we're providing these for other communities. That's not their role. And it is your job as the elected officials to remind them of that and tell them like. When your usage goes down 34% in five years, your salaries can't go up 34% in that same time period. It doesn't make sense. A lot of other services are providing more and more each year. They're getting asked more and more and you're like, and they're still grinding out. People forget like the fire department has the 501c3 so we can buy our own equipment. We're still doing that every year we're raffling off ATVs we're trying to raise money to buy equipment to cut that. I've not seen other departments do those type of things or look at that. And if you're unwilling to tell them they have to start cutting it. They're going to keep giving you those percentages each year because you're just passing it along. And like it kills me that I literally heard for the third year we provide for other communities that other communities aren't willing to do. It's time for those other communities start doing those things or a decision to be made that those services aren't actually needed. I will say, because I don't think anybody from libraries is on in that I don't know if that's what you're talking about, but I'm just going to be very clumsy. But I think in the world of libraries that sort of service is normal. And I'm just putting that out there it's my understanding it's my experience. We are part of a conglomerate of libraries really but I do hear your point. It's I'm not saying it's invalid. I'm not trying to invalid it at all. I just don't know if there's anybody I just want to be able to say that in that in that situation and I probably in recreation to but in that situation. I think it's it's perfectly the norm for people to roam and I'm not with you and sorry. It's the nature of public libraries to serve public free to say that for them that that's my understanding and you know because they're not here to do that. I agree with that but the idea of providing service above and beyond others because they're unwilling to do it. If that's the truth that it needed to exist if we took it away somebody else would pay for it. Right and and if that's the truth that it actually has to be there. And when we're talking budgeting those are the tough conversations you have to have like maybe you don't need to Netflix accounts right be like when you're sitting there actually doing the budgeting because you don't actually need that service. Thank you. Anyone else in the room. Annie Cooper online. Hi yes thanks. I made notes I wouldn't talk too much. This is just a word out to to know where I am a little confused about the capital reserve and what like happened to it last year but you don't need to answer me I'm just saying from over here it's super confusing. It seems to have just been used awkwardly and then delicately the money that so kindly was extended to people on committees. I don't know how that works I don't know if you set it aside in the budget ahead of time. Like if you do all the math for X number of committees and X number of people and then it set aside ahead of time. I don't think so. Is it. It's not like that right. Yeah, it is like. Yes. So if I may my understanding and it's a conceptual one it's not a factual one is that many people turn say thank you but no thank you so that the money can say is there a way to. I don't know just finesse that so that it appropriately goes to the people who do want it and then you kind of keep track of where it ends up so definitely none of us less fun or whatever okay that's just one thing and then. I know it's small though, but what I'm watching is that I'm glad Elaine stuff to the. I hear you Amber about the nickel and timing but I'm glad Elaine hung in there because these small bits and pieces that you're all working so hard on right now are adding up in a great way and I appreciate it. I'm sure the community appreciates it. Like Andrew, I have had for a long time the same question about EJRP with the total recreation budget of $4,589,033. We for a long time we've been cheering for the fact that EJRP is self funded and slowly over the past X number of years since at least 26 well since it's come over from the schools. The payments towards staff salaries have gone up from the taxpayers and. I think if you went as hard right now at EJRP as you all are going at the library because you're handling EJRP with kid gloves. But you're going aggressively at the library and I'm a little confused like if you had a couple of kids and you were treating one one way and another a different way it's confusing to watch. I think that the income that comes into EJRP has enough space to be agile I've seen. The head of that department get a lot of work done in a very short amount of time on several fronts. I'm confident that this can be done if pushed a little and if payroll is happening from EJRP to EJRP and not under the city finance department like all the other staff does it's a little confusing. It's like it's its own entity I think if it's going to be its own entity to that regard and that level of business. It does beg a board similar to how like if you could go to EJRP the same way that you want to go to the library and set some stuff up and then have a board and the department decided I think you'd be in the same boat as the library. And then I do think that like Andrew is saying that salaries can come out of that stuff and what I really appreciate the most if I had just shut up over the course of so many meetings. I probably would have just come to this with you now here like this and I'm apologetic that I was so aggressive I was so frustrated and that I didn't just wait until we were all looking at the same thing in the same way so my apologies for my. Spirited passion in this regard and I appreciate the conversation now and let me check my notes one more time and I'll shut up because I think I'm done. Yeah, thank you so much for your time. Thank you. I'll see anyone else online. For the memo. There's there's no memo for executive session you mean. Yeah. So Regina do you feel like you know where we're at with all of this. I just want to be clear as to what we're asking the library. It's what happens if you go down to the FY 24 budget 964 134. And what is it. What does it look like.  There is a 2% budget increase over at point 24. Sounds like that. Okay. Got it. Yeah, there is the motion. I move that the city council enter into executive session to discuss the appointment of public officials pursuant to one. Right. Can I just interrupt you for a second. Yes. That's great. Thank you so much. Thank you for that. But same time when I have a motion to approve the consent agenda, so moved. Second. That discussion sounds like good. All those in favor say I, I, I was opposed. Motion passes. Reading file. So we, our new agendas just slightly very quickly charter changes passed by house committee on government and military affairs today. So that is moving on in the process. Nice. At wastewater. Bernie flurry is going to receive the 2023 Alfred a Pelican award for Vermont. At the new England water environmental annual conference next week. This is a very high honor. So that is really fantastic. We talked about the damage already. Just so folks know, Raj Colleen and I started with the LCT is welcoming and engaging communities program yesterday. So that was a really exciting start to that. Lots of good other folks in the room. So I think that will be exciting. And then we've already talked about the January 27th open house. That's it. Great. I do not have anything. All right, Amber. Very quickly just wanted to give a shout out to public works for having to deal with 2 storms in 1 week and greatly appreciate keeping those roads up. Absolutely. Absolutely. All right, Marcus, you're off. All right, I move that the city council move into executive session to discuss the appointment of public public officials pursuant to 1 vsa 313 a 3 to include the city manager. Second. My right here. I thought there was 2. There's just 1. All right. All those in favor say aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Motion passes. Great. We're in executive session. Recording stopped. We will not be coming back. So you're free to go. Thank you very much. I think you are coming back to make it up just to be clear. Yeah.


Hey y'all, it's Timmy, and apple season is in. That cool weather gets you in the mood for a nice apple cake. We're about to put one in the oven. My apple skillet cake. All right, when I peel my apples, I just go across the top and the bottom, and then I just use a paring knife and I peel them. And then once we peel them, I'm gonna core it. And when you chop off the top or bottom flat like that, it's a lot easier to core because it lays flat for you when you get ready to core it. These, of course, weren't in the grocery store, so they're gonna have some bad places in them. And that's how apples will be if you go and get them from an orchard or an apple, you know, a farm.  And then after you peel them, you can just use your apple core and get the center out. The main thing when you're using an apple to do a skillet cake is you need to make sure you're using an apple that has a soft flesh and it's gonna get done, and it's not gonna be still hard when you go to eat the cake. Golden deliciouss are perfect, and these have the same texture as the golden delicious, so they're gonna cook up fast. All right, we're gonna get these in our bowl and we're gonna toss them in a little bit of lemon juice to keep them from turning. And I tasted this apple, I cooked a little bit. I've got it right here in a bowl, and because I had never cooked with it before I wanted to taste it, you're gonna want your apple to be nice and soft like you see this, I didn't cook it that long, but you're also gonna want it to be a little bit tart and sweet at the same time. You can pair a tart and sweet apple together, or you can buy an apple that's both tart and sweet, that's why I like the golden delicious. But we are going to add a little bit of lemon juice to this because these were not real tart and sweet, and that'll help them keep from turning as well. Now this is a cake you need to cook the day you serve it because it's not a pretty cake after it's sat over nine. I will say that, but boy, it's my favorite apple cake of all. It really is, it's my favorite one. All righty, now we're gonna toss these in some brown sugar with a little bit of cinnamon sugar. Now the cinnamon sugar is optional, so you're gonna add a quarter cup of sugar, quarter cup of sugar, a packed brown sugar, and then I'm gonna put a little cinnamon sugar in it because I like it. You don't have to put cinnamon in there if you don't want to, but me and Chris like it. So I'm gonna toss this and you can just add it all to the skillet, but I wanted to toss it since I put the lemon juice in there today. All right, we're gonna hop over here to our skillet and we're gonna put in a high stick of butter which is four tablespoons and we're gonna let it melt. We're gonna add these apples. You need to have your oven temperature at 350 degrees. You might smell so good, y'all. It's that time of year, it's cooling down, everybody's ready for something, apple. This is an easy cake to make. So you're gonna put your apples in there and now we're gonna mix up some cake batter. I'm gonna use a half cup of shortening, a half cup of brown sugar, and a cup of regular sugar. So there's our regular sugar. I'm gonna turn this on.  Now we're gonna put our cake mix on top. Now if you've got a deeper skillet, it wouldn't hurt to use it. And I'm gonna make sure that, try not to let this thing cook over, like have too much batter. I could always make some cupcakes or something out of the extra but you're not gonna want to put too much of it in a skillet. I did use quite a few apples but it's gonna take most of it, I think. But if you do have one of the higher three inch skillets, use it. And now all we're gonna do is bake this. And if you want it to be more like a spice layer, then add some spices into your cake mix. And then it would be like an apple stack cake without all the trouble, okay? Let's get this cake out. Rose up nice. Make sure it's done. You know what, I'm used to do this. Yeah, it's done. Clean. When you flip this out, the apples do kinda go everywhere. So, get you a little spatula and have it ready. And you need to flip it out because if you like the apples and stuff cool, they're syrupy and they're sticky and then they'll cling to the skillet and not the cake. So, let's see how it does. Looks good enough to eat, don't it? Look how pretty it is, y'all. This fall, if you go to the apple orchard, this is a cake that you can make for your company or family to use up some of those apples. And boy, well, you love it. And like I said, if you want more spices in it, put them in the apples, put it in the cake batter. But this is just your simple apple skillet cake. Now, what I'm doing right now is taking my skillet. What I'm doing right now is taking my spatula and you can see it's got this thick syrup that it's formed and I'm kind of scraping it on to the cake and off of my cake plate. And I'm gonna rinse that off too so that when I put my cake plate on, it doesn't get all sticky. And just kind of go around the edge, but that looks delicious to me. This is such a yummy cake. All right, now we're gonna wipe this off so that your cake dome doesn't get sticky and do not cover this up until it's cold completely or it'll sweat under the dome. Okay, you gotta eat this hot with some ice cream. It's so good. So we're gonna cut it right now. It's still warm. So keep that in mind when I'm cutting it. That's the best way to eat. I have some ice cream with it. Wish I were here to get a bite, but this is such an easy cake to make. I'll need to mix one up, throw it in your, I'm skillet. Boy, will you be happy you did. By far my favorite apple cake out of all the apple cakes. This is my favorite. Thanks for watching Color2ValleyCooks, where we cook like mama did. Bye y'all, love ya. Happy apple season.


Excel accounting practice problem. Record deposits from owner and from loan. Get ready because we're about to excel. Here we are in our worksheet. In prior presentations we put together this worksheet from a blank sheet. Now continuing to enter data into it. If you have access to this worksheet you're going to have two tabs down below. Example tab and the practice tab. Example tab in essence being an answer key. Let's take a look at it now. We're going to be entering transactions which are common to a business that is starting out that being the increasing of cash due to possibly two things that are happening. One, the owner taking money from the personal account and putting it into the business account. And two, possibly taking a loan out and putting that into the checking account so that we have the cash when the company is starting up to invest in things such as machinery and equipment such as inventory. So we're going to go back to the second tab over here and the practice tab and we're going to imagine the owner putting money from their personal investments into the business to invest in the business. So we're going to start off and we're going to say that happens on one one. We're going to say the checking account is going to be an increase. Now the other side is not going to go to an income account. That's important to note as well especially as you go forward with the business because usually when you have an increase to the checking account the other side would then go to revenue because we're expecting it to come from a customer in some way shape or form either it goes through accounts receivable but ultimately ends up cash from a customer or directly from the sales to the customer at the point in time we do the work or provide the goods and services increasing the revenue at that point. But there's two common exceptions to that rule one being the owner putting money into the business often happening at the startup of the business or when the business is expanding and two when the you're getting a loan for the business often in the same situations. So we got to be careful of that when we think about increases to the checking account where they're coming from and so we're going to say the other side could go to equity directly but we might want to break it out into another account note when money is leaving the company going to the owner when the owner draws money out we often make another account called draws instead of putting it directly to equity. We could do the same thing for investments which sometimes is not necessary because there's not as many investments as there are draws draws would be a more common thing we would expect to happen as the business grows and goes forward. We could just put them into equity but when we just put them into equity then we got to do a little bit more work at the end of the year when we're trying to reconcile the prior yearbooks to the current yearbooks. So sometimes we might want to break it out I'm going to break it out here as well with the owner investments so I'm going to make another account called owner investments I'm going to add a line below the equity to do that we're going to select the line below the equity I'm going to right click on it and insert insert and then I'm going to shift those cells down shift them down and then okay and so now it looks kind of like the cell above it but we're missing some of the formatting so I'm going to highlight the cell above it because I want that same formatting down on the one below and then go to the home page clipboard and paint brush it and then we're just going to click on that one below it and paint brush it so we got that border and everything the fancy borders too and then we're going to add the own I'm going to call this owner investment so that's going to be the investment meaning the owner putting money into the company instead of draws which we'll see later the owner taking money out that's going to be zero to start with I'm going to copy the formula down which or I'll just type it and again equals the sum of these two cells and then you want to double check your totals down below does it pick up that last cell it does not so I want to make sure that we're picking up that last cell when we total it up and then I'm going to drag it across with the autofill dragging it across this way so my totals are totaling up the entire column the totals got the total column in it the total columns totaled by the total formula with the sum so 65000 debit and the credit the other side going now to the account that we have now set up the owner investment owner investment an equity type of account we're going to then go to the home tab alignment and indent and let's go ahead and post this out so we got our checking account up top first off we're going to be in cell m4 where we will say equals pointing to that 65000 taking us from the beginning balance now at the 25000 up by the 65000 to notice this ending cell we kind of I didn't finish the last the last job that we did last time because these should be summing up so the sum is incorrect because I cut and paste so I'll try to do this by deleting these I'm going to delete this whole thing and I'm going to say this needs to be updated equals the sum of these two cells now I want to copy it down without messing up the formatting down below in terms of the colors so I'm going to right click and copy and then I'm going to paste it in a special way pasting right click just a special paste with the functions only the formulas only I should say because that's the right thing to say it's the proper thing to say I said it wrong last time I want to say it the right way so then we have the owner investment is going to be down here scrolling down to the owner investment it's in cell m13 equals picking up that 65000 so now we're going from zero up by 65000 to 65000 we're going to record this in our general ledger now the cash will be easy the owner investment not so easy because I don't have that thing in my owner investment and we'll have to add another account for that so we'll run into that problem but let's first post the checking account up top that's going to be at 11


Well gentlemen, it's been a pleasure. I've been saying for the past few months that the climate agenda is their next step after this You know what? Nonsense, and I guess I can't talk about it anymore How these parasitic psychopaths in control of the mainstream media also control the weather and will use it to enact their new World Order fantasies. They did an entire media blitz to let everyone know what the deal is And my videos mentioned in climate were already heavily censored now I'm assuming they would just be completely demonetized or taken down that might tie in to the Facebook Instagram adage earlier this week some type of excuse for more censorship and regulation of the internet But we already knew that was coming China doesn't even allow its citizens to communicate via the internet all of those social media platforms are banned Facebook Instagram even Gmail do not exist in China Even with complete control over everything being able to ban people to leave comments censor stuff They still didn't want a tiny morsel of truth Slipping through the cracks giggle in those stairs today that if we no longer allow ads Dermatization for content that promotes climate denialism the policy change will apply to publishers Advertisers and YouTube creators who will no longer be able to make money from content that Contradicts well-established scientific consensus around the existence and causes of climate change I mean now what point is it so obvious when no one can question any element of the mainstream narrative and Very specific topics are even shun like this one as soon as they can't keep the public in their homes From near fear of getting sick They'll just say hey you can't drive your car five miles because you're gonna destroy the planet I wonder who's gonna keep track of all these billionaires flying their private jets. Hey, they can police themselves You know, it's funny I was reading some posts yesterday about how people in Finland are Fined based on their income like so instead of receiving a $50 parking ticket if you were billionaire hypothetically you get $100,000 parking ticket and the people in the comments were like, oh I support this I support this a hundred percent. Yeah, really?   How can the news be wise? Google's new policy takes a strong stance on false claims about the climate crisis But social networks have only just begun to reckon with their role in disseminating climate-related misinformation YouTube has also proven Notoriously slow to introduce new rules designed to stop the flow of misinformation in the past on other issues Including false claims about the US election ultimately the policy is an improvement all platforms Should build out robust rule sets around the accelerating existential threat to humanity But new rules will only make a dent in the misinformation Ecosystem if they're aggressively and consistently enforced.  I said a few months back They're gonna use the climate as an excuse to crash crypto, which they coincidentally did one week later Like you have China literally throttling people's electricity and people are mining these crypto coins How are they able to play both sides so foolishly create the notion that using large amounts of power Electricity is bad for the environment yet They keep pumping up these crypto Ponzi schemes that have server rooms full of technology Consuming precious metals that produce enough heat for every homeless person on this planet to be comfortable through the winter You can't have both you can't be telling people that climate change is real Stop eating red meat when the new world order currency is a digital asset that requires more environmental resources I'm not saying either is true. It's all nonsense. I'm just pointing out how they are logically incorrect You know the last thing these people want is for us to live on our own without technology like the Amish and And that doesn't mean, you know, we're going back to like tribal stuff Running through the woods killing each other It's more like the the civilized societies in Western prices book nutrition and physical degeneration where everyone worked, you know set amount of hours every day to Have food for themselves to have shelter and they lived very happy and healthy lives But no they want to round us up into new world order smart cities and control our thoughts through everything, but That's enough. I mean, I know you guys understand the censorship is just getting crazier and crazier and crazier It's unreal that you can't talk about anything anymore You really can't and the only people that touch these topics are the controlled opposition. You know, it's ridiculous people They're getting hundreds of thousands of views.  I've had enough of it. It's part of the reason I want to take a long break from this because I can't really take it anymore You know something keeps coming up in my head there's there's the right decision and there's the wrong decision and These people in charge have made the wrong decision every step of the way So thank you guys for joining me today If you can please go to frank dash to found calm and sign up for the email list And you can also like this video leave a comment if you have any questions Share it on whatever social media you have access to but thanks for joining guys, and I will see you tomorrow


In the How Old Is It video book, we covered the early stages of the universe through the dark ages following photon decoupling. It is estimated that the dark ages extended from 370,000 to 150 million years after the Big Bang. During this time, the universe was filled with dark matter, hydrogen, and some helium. With no stars having formed to give off visible light, the universe was literally dark. The caustic process worked the dark matter into filaments, with the baryonic matter, hydrogen and helium, tagging along. Eventually, the dense clouds of hydrogen gas in the filaments started to collapse under their own gravity, becoming hot enough to trigger nuclear fusion reactions between the hydrogen atoms, creating the very first stars. The light from these stars traveled through a sea of free molecular hydrogen, which over time absorbed it. Consequently, during that period, light did not travel far, and the universe remained mostly dark. Today the universe is completely transparent, with light traveling freely over billions of years through a sea of ionized hydrogen that does not absorb light. The process that converted the universe from a normal hydrogen to ionized hydrogen is called reionization. The theory is that as the number of stars, galaxies, black holes, accretion disks and jets increased in number and size, the ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray radiation produced became intense enough to drive the electrons out of their orbits around protons. Light absorption by hydrogen atoms ceased, and light started to travel across the universe. In this simulation, the dark regions are filled with hydrogen atoms. The light areas have been ionized, and light can travel through it with minimal losses. Over time, the ionized regions around stars cleared entire galaxies. And ionized regions around galaxies cleared entire galaxy clusters. This process ended around 1.1 billion years after the Big Bang, with all of space cleared for light travel. In order to better understand how this reionization actually worked, the James Webb Space Telescope was built with infrared capabilities designed to observe this process that began 13 billion years ago. The key to understanding how we can measure the size and growth rates of these ionized regions is in the spectral analysis of the light we receive. In the How Small Is It? video book, we covered how light is created and absorbed when electrons change energy levels in an atom. For example, when an electron in a hydrogen atom drops from the energy level 2 to the base energy level 1, a photon is emitted with a wavelength small enough to carry away exactly the amount of energy lost by the atom. This is called a Lyman-alpha photon. It's in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in large numbers they create the Lyman-alpha emission line in a star's spectra. In the other direction, such a photon would be absorbed when it encounters a hydrogen atom in its ground state, driving the electron into the higher energy level. In large numbers, they would create a Lyman-alpha absorption line in the light's spectra. The majority of ordinary matter, hydrogen, in the universe, exists in the space between galaxies, called an intergalactic medium, or IGM for short. As light from a distant galaxy travels through a cloud of molecular hydrogen, photons with this wavelength will be absorbed, creating a dip in the light's spectra. As the light continues to move through expanding space, its wavelength stretches with the expansion, so photons that originated with a shorter wavelength in the Lyman-alpha will stretch to become Lyman-alpha photons. Should they flow through neutral hydrogen, they will be absorbed, creating a second Lyman-alpha absorption line. The process will continue creating a forest of absorption lines as the light travels through various normal and ionized hydrogen clouds. An ultraviolet Lyman-alpha photon created by a quasar in the latter stages of the reionization process would have shifted into the near infrared by the time it reaches us. This is why Webb is needed to fully explore this key cosmological process. Here's an image taken by Webb in 2023. There are more than 20,000 galaxies in this field. The hyperluminous quasar J0100 plus 2802 is at the center. It is one of the most luminous quasars known. Its supermassive black hole is 10 billion times more massive than our sun. His redshift is 6.327. That gives us the distance the light travels to reach us at 12.8 billion light years. A deep study of this area was conducted by the emission line galaxies and intergalactic gas in the Epic of Reionization Survey. Iger for short. The survey used Webb's two near-infrared camera modules, each with a 2.2 by 2.2 arc second field of view. Here's their exposure map around the quasar. The study covered 117 galaxies within 650,000 light years of the quasar. Some are closer to us than the quasar and some are further away. All these galaxies existed near the end of the era of reionization. As the light from these galaxies passed through transparent ionized space, the absorption lines disappear. The survey clearly shows that the expected transparent regions do exist around galaxies. The results showed that galaxies near the quasar had fully ionized the gas within a two million light-year radius. That's approximately the same distance as the space between the Milky Way and Andromeda. And it showed that the ionization volumes increased over time as the light approached the expected timeframe for the fully ionized and transparent universe we have today.


Well, I ever remember to film an intro for my videos Maybe one day, but let's braid our hair together It's not perfect, but it's done and it's cute and that's all that matters Well, this is sort of differently different different not usually my usual content, but I needed to film something today and I started doing my hair and I'm still doing my hair So I figured we can just do like a little tutorial I Actually found a parting video last night that I watched and I parted my hair like for the most part last night So I made it really easy to do and I want to leave that in the comments below But right now I'm honestly just finishing up my hair I'm really excited because I think it looks really nice And I'll show you guys The hair I used and everything, but we are basically almost done. So I'm really happy I figured I'll show you guys like kind of braid a little bit It looks pretty decent for like me doing it myself, you know, so I figured I'd just show you guys how I do that Right now. I'm just parting it and then I like to actually twist it to you So the part can just be Back to it.  I'm so happy. I've been doing this lately since nine o'clock. I Used the color For my braids just because I feel like my hair is honestly naturally a really brown black or really black brown Like it's not Completely black and it's also not completely brown four is like the ideal color and then also with my highlights As you can see like it looks actually pretty cute and really well. I also want to show you guys. I got this 360 mirror So this is how I did the parts in the back of my head And I literally just got it from amazon. So I highly recommend you check it out I think we all know the most essential thing when it comes to doing your own hair is having a good show to watch So I just heard the bear. I really liked it I asked some people for Show recommendations as well on my instagram and I got a couple So beef is a good one if you're looking for a show to do or to watch while you're doing your hair All the queens men which I haven't checked out pain killer on netflix My friend was like all the power series And then this is us as well So if you need a show recommendation, those are the ones I have for you I've been using this jam conditioning and shine gel which I actually really Really like it makes my hair feel really soft And I've also just been using this multitasking conditioner from the curl smith I actually really love this conditioner And it's my favorite one to use when I'm braiding my hair just because I feel like my hair is so good when I use it So you use the jam like just on my roots and then the very tips of my roots just to try to get it as straight as possible I honestly braid my hair like while I watch tv at this point in my life I can feel it pretty well So I don't need to look at it and in fact if I look at myself while I'm braiding my hair in the mirror I get kind of confused Because everything's backwards than the way like I'm feeling it And so I can honestly just kind of feel my hair when I'm doing it So To start all my braids I honestly just braid my own hair I don't like starting with the synthetic hair Off top just because I feel like it puts too much tension on my hair And I just don't want to wear the hair for this one braid my hair for a couple Little riblets Is that what you call it? Brimlets, I don't know so I'll braid my hair for a bit and then once that's done But you can see I braided my hair Like three or four times. It's kind of poofy It's okay I'm honestly gonna wear this for a couple of weeks and I'll probably redo the front anyways I don't have uh like the yarn thing, but I do just put all the hair on my counter And just do it like that so I'll pick out some hair. It's the front so I like to do like Thinner smaller pieces from the front just because my edges can be a bit sensitive So I'll braid that first piece in Again, I really don't like to look at myself While I do this And then I'll keep braiding until I get The short single piece in the middle once again And then I'll add in a bit Of a bigger piece. Let's do them right in the middle Keep braiding like so Even though oh god, maybe I'll redo this because what what is that? This is so much better. Wow. I might cut that entire scene But basically I just added two little sections of hair This is actually like human like track hair that I got like sewn hair From the beauty supply store and I just took it off the track because I obviously am not Doing a sewn so I'll braid that in a little bit and then once I feel like that's secure and in I'll wait for The curly piece to be on the end And then I'll just clip it color as my braids I thought about getting them in like a highlighted color But I didn't like the color options that they had if I'm being honest So I just left it regular and then I typically put a little Like another one once I get closer towards the ends. So I'll just braid that up a little bit more And I'm getting towards the end of my hair. So I'm going to add a bit more of the jam So a little bit more jam This is entertaining because I kind of told myself I wasn't going to do hair videos But then I also told myself I was going to do videos that bring me out of my comfort zone. So Here we are And I needed to film something today I originally wanted to film an apartment tour, but my apartment looks a mess because I have just been Braiding my hair all day and this clip is like attacking my eyeballs, but It is what it is.  I'm 29 years old. I live in New York City.  She was like 250 and they only last a month. She was like, that's crazy So I was like, okay. Yeah, I should probably just do that myself So here we are doing our hair ourselves. I'm almost done as you can see And this one I kind of want to do it again Fine, it's fine Very long. I was not expecting them to be this long But it's a skill to be able to like cut the braids and have it look nice and I was not Trying to do all that because I can barely do So right now I am going to dip them in water I do have a little tip like first of all when you're dipping them in water Start with the back just so you can experiment with the heat of the water Because the last time I did braids The water was boiling.   So That is kind of like my saving grades. I also have like a mix of the human hair and The like knack along like braiding hair and I wish I could just do The braiding hair, but it's all kind of like mixed up in there. So We're just gonna see how it goes. That's why you start with the back, but I'm just gonna roll it around the little roller If I can figure out how to roll things And then I'll oh god And I'll tip it and we'll see how that works So dangerous at the end I'm really happy because The last time I did these like boho braids The water was boiling hot and when I dipped them I kind of ruined the ends a little bit like they just got a little fried and turned plasticky, but these still look nice and natural I am absolutely so tired because it is like six o'clock now. I think Maybe 5 45. I don't know. I might just put the time up on the screen But I really started doing these braids at like 8 a.m Like maybe like 8 30 9 ish. So I've been doing them for a very very long time. We finished now I love the finished product. I'm just gonna put some mousse on my head just to like set everything And I'll probably finish this video later. I have I think I mentioned it, but I have a date tonight So I'm excited about that He's from out of town. So I don't think it's going to be anything serious Just like having fun and like meeting a new person But I'm just excited to like do something show off my hair and then Maybe I'll come back and like style it a few ways for you guys I do also want to put some like hair jumps on it, but I also Want to redo this one in the front. I think because I was doing it. Oh gosh While I was like talking to you guys I was a bit distracted and so it just doesn't look as nice I was like the other one But it's fine. It's whatever.  I told myself I was never gonna do a hair video on my youtube channel yet. Here we are stepping outside of our comfort zone I will film an apartment update because I was the video I meant to film today, but Because my hair took so long and there's literally hair everywhere in my apartment It just was not the optimum time. So Anyways, I'll check in with you guys later with additional ways to style the hair and I love you and I'll see you In like five seconds for you, but probably like two or three days for me Okay, I'm editing the video now. It's going up quite late and I just don't feel like doing the styling thing for you Honestly, I feel like they still hold up pretty good I'm happy that I use the human hair because it doesn't get as like ratted or tangled or anything I usually put it in like a little pony like this or I'll put it in a pony on top of my head just because I don't know. I'm not used to having really long hair like this So I'm not the biggest fan of it just being like out like I prefer for it to be in a ponytail And I do need to redo the front because I just have so much like space and new growth there And I do really love how crisp the sides are still like the parting at least so I'm really excited and happy about it and the best part it was free 99 It only cost me like eight hours of my life All right, make sure you subscribe and I'll see you guys in the next video Bye