V.I.C.K.S. Vicks presents the Matinee Theatre starring Victor Jory. Vicks, the makers of Vicks Vaple Ruff, brings you the Matinee Theatre starring Victor Jory in Hold Back the Dawn. Here's a good thing to remember when you catch a cold. The best known home remedy for relieving miseries of colds is Vicks Vaple Ruff. Ladies and gentlemen, today from the stage of the Matinee Theatre, Vicks presents the Paramount Pictures exciting romantic drama Hold Back the Dawn with star Charles Boyer and Olivia de Havilland. The curtain rises on the hero of our story. My name is George Ziskofescu. I was 5 to 8 years, 5 to 8. It was a prison sentence. I, who had lived most of my years at the Richardson Savoy, registered at the Esperanza, rates a dollar a day cheaper by the year. After I got settled, I went over to the bar across the street. I hadn't been sitting there more than a few minutes when I met an old friend, my former dancing partner Tamera. Well, Tamera! How wonderful to see you again, and still as handsome as ever. Tamera, well. What are you doing down here? Oh, I came down for a day from Los Angeles with some people, those drunks at the next table. Oh. That is not the same. George, I served a little time there, too, but not long. Not this baby. I was in in four weeks. Four weeks? How did you ever manage that? This simplest way in the world. I married an American. Your papers go to Washington, and in four weeks everything is settled.  By the way, George, if you are interested, I have been divorced for some time now. I'm staying at a hotel for the weekend. I'll see you around. So it was as easy as that. Just marry an American and swing right over the fence.  I had only to travel across the street from the hotel to the garage to find my American, Emmy Brown. She was standing in a doorway, perilously close to tears, arguing with two mechanics. But can't you give me some idea of how much longer it'll take you to fix it? Look, I can't understand a word you're saying. You promised the car would be ready by three o'clock. What did you say? He, uh, he says you are only making them nervous. Oh, well, I don't know what to do. No, no, there's nothing you can do, thank you. You see, I brought the children down here to show them a fiesta in Mexico, and the car broke down. Your children? No, my class. I've left them in the garage office with one of the older students. You see, I'm a schoolteacher, and if we're not back by nine o'clock tonight, Mr. McAdams, the principal, think we're all dead in a ditch. While you're waiting for the car, why not come across the street to the hotel and telephone and tell him you're all right? Yes, I suppose that would be the thing to do. May I show you? Thank you. It's very kind of you. We went over to the hotel. We sat in the lobby waiting for her call to go through. Uh, cigarette, Miss Brown? No, no, thank you. The school board doesn't approve. Oh. And to tell you the truth, I don't like cigarettes very much. Oh, yes, yes, I see. What's the... You're staring at me, Mr. Iskaveski. Forgive me, but it's hard not to stare at anyone so, so lovely. Well, I'm sure that's very nice of you. We have a young lady's call now. Oh, good. Thank you so much. I'll come at once. The mechanics decided they could not repair a car until morning and a five-dollar bill that I had invested helped them to decide it. There were no rooms available in the hotel, but I persuaded the manager to make beds for Miss Brown and the children on the couches in the lobby. She had a hard time going to sleep that night, little Miss Brown. Her heart was beating fast and her neat, tidy senses were all thrown out of gear. She found a kind of half-sleep at last and then about five o'clock in the morning, she awoke and saw me sitting in a chair halfway across the lobby, watching her. Mr. Iskaveski, what are you doing here? You'll wake the children. Oh, please, you have no right to be here. Of course I have no right. No right to sit here watching your face, learning it like a poem. No right at all to tell you I'm in love with you. You must go away right now, please. Miss Brown, we're like two trains, halted for a moment at the same station, but going in different directions. We can't change our course any more than we can hold back the dawn. Look, it's growing light already. Everyone will be stirring soon and you will be gone from me forever. Please don't touch me here. You are very conscientious, Miss Brown. No infringement of the regulations for you. No rebellions nor violent desires.     No, no, no, your left hand. What? It's a ring. A wedding ring. Yes, it's a wedding ring, Miss Brown. I put it on your hand as you slept. It was my mother's. Now you'll see how wild a dream can be.  Yes, just once. You're so sweet, so lovely. Goodbye, Miss Brown. Oh, no, no, don't go. A minute, please wait. I... Please don't walk so fast. I'm sorry. Thank you. That's better. About your being lonesome. Other people are lonesome, so lonesome they almost give up waiting. Nick Adams always said I was crazy, but I knew all the time deep down in my heart that someday somebody somehow would come along, even though Azusa, California was at the other end of the world. Let me tell you, let me try to explain how I feel. We had to get the Mexican judge out of bed. The license was $5. It seemed a sound investment. The ceremony was brief, the office drab and sorted, but to Emmy Brown being there was like standing in an altar in a cathedral with great bells ringing. She was radiant when we came out, arm in arm. We expected to be married in the Margaret Martin Memorial Church in Azusa. In Azusa? I never dreamed of anything so beautiful and exciting as this. It's... George, please don't walk so fast. I'm sorry. I keep forgetting how little you are. My, they'll be surprised back home. Mrs. George is a rescue. You know, I don't even know what you are. Doctor, lawyer, merchant, chief... Rich man, poor man, beggar man... thief? Oh, George. I wish I didn't have to take the children back this morning. It's awful to have to leave you, George. In four or five weeks, my papers will be straightened out and I'll be able to join you. In Azusa? Yes, in Azusa. You won't be so lonesome now, will you? No. I won't either. You'll have your ring and your name and your love. Look, there's the station wagon. The children are already in it. I must go, George. I'll take you to the car. No, no. Please, it'll be easier to go if you don't. You stay here. George... Yes? I don't exactly know how to say it, but this is like the beginning of the world to me. I hope I can make you happy. Goodbye, George. Goodbye, darling. Well, it's George. I hear you got married. Is that the bride getting into the station wagon? Yes, Tamara. She's going back to Azusa. Azusa California. She's a schoolteacher there. A schoolteacher? Yes. Well, she ought to be easy to shake off. Tell her of a love that was too great to last. A mistake that was too lovely not to have been made. That she was too good and you too low. You know, those words almost have a ring of truth. A mistake too lovely. A girl too good. George, what's happening to you? Kissing her. Kissing her was like kissing wet snow. You couldn't be in love with a schoolteacher from Azusa if you don't fall in love, George. That's not the role you play. I haven't said I'm in love. You haven't said you're not. No, Tamara. I haven't said I'm not. But better not make any plans, Tamara. Better not make any plans. In just a moment, act two of Hold Back the Dawn, starring Victor Jory. Every mother knows how hard it is these blustery days to keep children from catching cold. But fortunately, most mothers have given a lot of thought to the problem and the modern way they use to relieve miseries of children's colds is to rub Vic's vapor rub on throat, chest and back. These millions of thankful mothers have found that the moment you rub on vapor rub, its relief giving action starts right to work. It helps relieve congestion and irritation in the upper breathing passages, the coughing spasms, sore throat, and that muscular soreness or tightness. And results are so satisfying because vapor rub penetrates. It penetrates into the cold congested upper bronchial tubes with its special soothing medicinal vapors. And at the same time, it stimulates. Stimulates chest and back surfaces like a comforting, warming portis. And this penetrating, stimulating action of vapor rub keeps on working for hours to bring such grand relief.  The best known home remedy for relieving miseries of colds is Vic's vapor rub. And now from the stage of Vic's matinee theater, the second act of hold back the dawn starring Victor Jored. It's about a week later. George Iskvescu and Tamara are at a small table in the bar. When a man comes up and joins them, the man's name is Hammock. He's a member of the immigration department. Well, well, well, Mrs. Shaughnessy. How's your husband? I don't exactly know, Mr. Hammock. We are divorced about a year now. No, not really. You mean it's gone... that beautiful love match? I really loved him then. Sure. Only once he got you across the board he found you didn't like the shape of his nose. I see here, Mr. Hammock. I'm not saying anything, Mrs. Shaughnessy. You made the grade. In is in. Only there's been an awful epidemic of marrying up and down the border. We finally got our eyes open. No kidding anymore. The department has a new theme song. Is it love or is it immigration? While I was sitting there listening to Hammock and Tamara, I'd seen the Azusa school wagon arrive up in front of the hotel in a small figure dart up the steps. I was suddenly in a panic that Mr. Hammock might see her and stop asking questions. I followed her up to the room and when I got there I... I didn't know what to say to her. I could not believe that I was falling in love yet my heart was pounding like a schoolboy. It's yours, darling. Isn't it wonderful? Mr. McAdams got a substitute teacher from Riverside. He gave me a week off and said I could use the car. Isn't that exciting, Zors? Exciting, I should say so. Now, come on. Let's find a road and follow it wherever it leads. To a lake or a palace or a fishing village. Let's spend these few days they've given you recklessly, gloriously. Oh, Zors. I love you. It's starting to rain. And I love the rain. So do I. Come on. We'll start right now. I thought I'd take her to Ensenada, a matter of 50 miles. Four hours I figured it, but in the night in the storm I must have taken a wrong turn. Ah, yes. A wrong turn in more than one way. I never did find Ensenada and I never did find my way back to the road I had planned for my own life. We rode on through the wind and the rain safe, warm, and happy. Zors, did you ever notice how things talk sometimes? Isn't it those windshield wipers? They're singing together, together, together. Can't you hear it? Together, together. Ah, yes, I've been listening to it for hours. Oh, Amy, I love you. I love you in a way I never thought I could love anyone.  I want to take care of you.  This is the beginning of a whole new life for you and me, Amy. And oh, I hope I can make you happy. I hope I can be worthy of you, darling.  Then I think I better stop the car right now. Darling. Oh, darling. We spent six days in heaven. We drove to a small village called Caloia. They were having a bridal festival. And outside the small country church there was an olive tree and there was a legend that said if a married couple shook it, however many olives fell, that is how many children they would have. Well, of course we had to try it. Zors, take hard. There. Here you are. One, two, three. Oh, that's wonderful. I hope all three of them look just like you. Oh, Zors, won't it be wonderful? The next day, the next day we drove to Trabotoyo in the San Miguel. The third day we started back along the gulf. We didn't return into a hotel until the last hour of the last day. You couldn't make a mistake and think it's tomorrow that you're due back in Azusa, could you? I'm afraid not, darling. July 13th, parent-teacher's meeting. Auditorium, 8 o'clock. Parent-teacher's meeting. It sounds very dull. How long will it take you to drive there? Five hours.  I'll take the car over to the garage and get the gas tank filled. All right, darling. If only fate or God had warned me things might have been so different. If, if I had only gone upstairs with her. If, if, if, if, how often our lives hang upon an if. Mrs. Escobar? Yes, I am Tamada. I'm the husband of your husband, George. This thing of mine I want you to give me back. Of yours? My wedding ring. What would I be doing with your wedding ring? Wedding it. I loaned it to George. This? It belonged to his mother. Oh, isn't he wonderful? The way he knows how to pluck at the heart's thing. Listen, sister, George married you to pass through that gate for the same reason I married my American, with the same ring. But don't stare at me. Take a look at the engraving inside. Two toots for heaps. Just slip it off. No. Maybe you should know a little more about the history of George Escobar. Get out. Please, please. I know what you're thinking. I'm dirt. Well, so is he. We belong together.   You'd have learned this lesson in six weeks and in six months. I'm telling it to you in six minutes. Get away. Get in that car and don't turn back. Yes. Who is from the immigration department? Don't go, don't see him. I'll be right down, Flores.. Take my bag, please. You can't keep him away. What for? It won't do you any good. from a school book. Remember? Emmie, I... Not a word out of you, Iskavescu. Mrs. Iskavescu, I want it understood and all right to bother you with any questions down here in Mexico. It's just that if we think an American might be getting a dirty deal, we... I'll answer any questions. How long had you known Mr. Iskavescu when you married him? A few hours. Had you any idea he was waiting to get into the States? Yes. And that he might have married you to turn the trick? He might, but it isn't likely. You see, I asked him to marry me. There's nothing wrong, Mr. Hammock. George told me all about his past. There weren't any false pretenses. We love each other very much. Okay, Mrs. Iskavescu, have it your own way.  See you later. Tamara talked to you. Yes.  Big ones, smooth ones, fancy ones, but I don't seem to have any just why. I don't know what to say except... thanks. George, I come from a small town. We don't have fine hotels. We eat in the drug store. But we leave a tip just the same. I don't feel I was too generous for these seven days. Goodbye, George. Emmy, don't go. There's a lot I must say to you. The only thing for you to say is goodbye. I stood there over an hour, watching that door she'd walked out of, watching that street that she'd driven down and away, and suddenly my hands began to grow cold with fear. Do you know that feeling when a premonition breaks over you like a black wave, and in my ears was the sound of tires taking a while curve, before my eyes was her foot on the gas pedal pressing it down. I heard the screech, the screech of brakes and the crash. I swear I heard it, and I heard the whine of the sirens. And when the phone rang, I knew what the message would be. I knew. Senor Skovezko, oh, Dios mio, Dios mio. What happened to her? What's happened? An accident. A bad accident. Where have they taken her? Where have they taken her? The Los Angeles receiving hospital. I'll take your car for us. They won't let you across the border. You have no passport. I'll get across the border. Give me your car keys. If you crash the border, they will catch you, and they will never let you in again. Give me the keys! All right, Senor. All right. I drove through that gate without stopping. I heard the shouts. I knew they would follow me, but I didn't stop. I drove with a pedal right down to the floor. And when I got to the hospital, the doctor was with her. How is she, doctor? She's unconscious. The steering wheel was crushed against her. There doesn't seem to be any fight left in her. Heard so, to breathe. Emmy. Emmy. Emmy. It's George. I'm here. I'm here, Emmy. George. George. Go on. Try to breathe, Emmy. Hard. That's it. Again. Now again. It's all right, Emmy. You remember the rain beating down on the windshield that night, and the wiper going, and the word it spoke. Together. Together. Breathe, Emmy. Together. Emmy, we're together. Together. It's yours.  Breathe. Together. Breathe. And at last, the doctor said she's asleep now. She's going to be all right. I think you saved her life, Mr. Iscubescu. I love her. Oh, how I love her. I left Emmy then. I went back across the border. What else was there for me to do? Emmy had no further use for me. She made that very clear, and the country had no use for me, and I hadn't very much use for myself. It must have been about a month later that Mr. Hammack came to me in the park. I had been expecting something from him because he knew I'd crashed across the border. I was sitting on the park bench, tracing letters in the gravel with my cane. Hello, Mr. Iscubescu. Hello, Mr. Hammack. Are you doing writing letters? No. Advertisements. Slightly reformed character eager for some decent work. Any place on the globe I'll have him. Oh, I see. Well, in answer to your ad, we herewith inform you that we've made an opening for you right there over that border. A certain immigration inspector who shall for the moment be nameless, neglected to report a certain incident about a man crashing the border, and there's no use shooting your mouth off about it once you get in there. Get in? In where? In the states. In the United States. There's somebody waiting for you. See? Right over there at that gate. She has all your papers. My papers? Quiet! Amy!  Go on. Don't keep her waiting. Amy. And say, what was that she was telling me all the way down about the two of your raising olives? Amy! Amy! Amy! Welcome home, my darling. Welcome home. Darling. Oh, my darling. In just a moment, an important message from Mr. Jory. It's mighty discouraging, isn't it, when no matter how careful you are, down you come with another annoying cold. Yes, these are cold-catching times, and when a cold strikes, it's no time to take needless chances with untried remedies. So don't ever experiment. Remember, the best-known home remedy you can use for relieving miseries of colds is Vick's VapoRub. At bedtime, just rub Vick's VapoRub on your throat, chest and back, and almost instantly, VapoRub's famous relief-giving action starts to work. And best of all, VapoRub's comforting action keeps on working for hours through the night. It invites restful sleep, and often by morning, most of the misery of the cold is gone. So be sure you get Vick's VapoRub, the modern way so widely used to bring such grand relief from miseries of colds. Time-tested, home-proved, Vick's VapoRub. This is Victor Jory. Your requests have been coming in great numbers, and they've been very helpful to me in scheduling your future plays. For example, next week you will hear one of the finest plays ever written, dramatic romance of Elizabeth, The Queen, by Maxwell Anderson. Very shortly, due to your many requests, we will bring you that great emotional love drama, Random Harvest. Please keep your requests coming in the moment long before we get around to your favorite play. Write me please, Care of Columbia Broadcasting, 22, New York. Our play was adapted from the Paramount picture by Gene Holloway and directed by Richard Sanville. Paramount's latest success is The Heartwarming Story and Now Tomorrow, with Loretta Young and Alan Lan. The role of Emmy today was played by Betty Winkler. Victor Jory is currently co-starring with Miriam Hopkins in The Perfect Marriage. Music for this series is under the direction of Mark Warner. Be sure to be with us again next week when Vick's, the makers of Vick's VapoRub, brings you the matinee theater production of Elizabeth The Queen, starring Victor Jory as Lord Essex. This is CBS, The Columbia Broadcasting System.


like to say a few words first of all first of all okay the night is ours but we want to congratulate our opponent for running a clean campaign and a tough campaign and we congratulate him it's not easy to lose but he deserves credit for running a damn good I think what we can say tonight is that we have won an incredible victory not only not not only have we retain the mayor's seat we have one in Ward one in Ward two one in one Terry, Terry Varicious, is Sharon Busch here, Sharon here yet? Is Tom Smith here yet? Tom and from what I heard on the radio we are still alive here Mary Bentley here so what we have done is won three automatic seats and we have a shot at a fourth and furthermore furthermore from what I could understand we have won every one of the initiatives that were on the ballot if that is in fact the case and we haven't seen the final results among other things what that does mean after years and years of discussion we are going to get the people oriented waterfront that we have fought for the last point that I want to make is this the tonight's victory clearly would not have been responsible not have been possible without the work of an enormous number of people there's no question about it we have never had never had as good a volunteer and grassroots effort as we have had in this campaign and there are hundreds of people that we could bring forward right now but I want to bring at least two people forward Jim Schumacher, you called the office whether it was early in the morning or late at night Rachel Levin was there what we have done tonight let's take stock of it what we have done tonight really is a credit to all of us and to the people of the city of Burlington what we have shown is that after six years of being the only independent progressive government in the entire United States of America that after six years not only are we not getting weaker we're getting stronger that responsibility of being a unique type of government in America goes not only the obligation to continue to do the very best job that we can for the people of Burlington and that goes without saying and we're going to continue to do that but equally important we have got to be an example to the rest of the United States of America that a grassroots movement standing up fighting for world peace fighting for social justice fighting for economic democracy for the rights of all people rather than just the very rich is an idea that is as American as apple pie as Tom says as Tom says with Vermont apples that's why okay so I look forward in the next two years with your support and with the support of all the people in our city to make these next two years the very best that we've ever had and I thank all of you very much thank you in terms of the all the manic elections we have through the victory of Sharon Boucher won a another seat on the board of Alderman and it's I think as most people know it is not easy to defeat an incumbent and I congratulate Sharon and the people in Ward 1 who work so hard to bring that about Terry Bureches won reelection in a very hard race Tom Smith won election and Mary Bentley did extremely well in Ward 5 and is going to be involved in a runoff election and we're very proud of that that's really quite a feat I think of equal importance to me from the old American mayoral victory is the fact that we won and won decisively on every single ballot item that appeared before the people of Burlington yesterday and in my view what that shows is that the people of Burlington have confidence in the future of their city and it's one thing to vote for a candidate for election you have two choices and you're going to vote for one it is another thing to vote for six ballot items including several money items to raise your own taxes because you believe in the city and the greatness of the city and in the future of the city and obviously as a result of those ballot item victories it means that the school department is going to have the necessary funds so that we can adequately educate our kids it means that we're going to be able to expand and improve our police department something that I believe is absolutely needed it means that we're going to finally have the kinds of money that we need to create a people-oriented waterfront so that Burlington's extraordinarily beautiful waterfront will be open to all of our people forever it means that we are going to be able to provide property tax relief and a renters rebate program to supplement the state program for the poorest people in our city and in fact as part of that ballot item come up with a major alternative another alternative to the property tax and that is of course the property transfer tax one half of one percent that issue is going to be brought down to Montpelier immediately and we're going to do our very best to make certain that the people of Burlington who voted overwhelmingly for that item get their way and not be rejected by the legislature and lastly we have passed the strongest condo conversion bill in the state which will enable us to protect affordable housing in the city and we're very proud of that so I think overall not only in a partisan political way was I gratified by yesterday's results and I obviously was but also I think what it what it confirmed to me is what I think many people believe that the people of Burlington are proud of our city they feel that we're moving in the right direction and they're willing to in some instances vote themselves higher taxes in order to continue that effort so it was obviously from my point of view an extraordinary night as I said before the election and as I repeat after the election this is going to be my last term as mayor of the city of Burlington I am as proud as I can be and just grateful and humble for the mandate that we received yesterday from the people to continue in other two years it's going to be an exciting two years a lot of ideas in the back of our minds that we'll be talking about within the next few weeks I'm very optimistic about the future of the city and I'm looking forward to a great two years thank you Bernie if things with this kind of mandate I mean considering that you feel as proud of everything as you're saying why limit yourself now why saying no more after these two years among other things that's what I said before the election and I think it's a good idea to keep one's word the day after as opposed to the day before I said that I thought that eight years was ample time and I think it is I really do eight years is a long time what would you like to do I mean you're saying you bring that but you're going to leave oh I knew that you after this election people would not I knew I was waiting for Bob Knott's to be saying what's the next election I really I knew that you weren't going to really ask that question Peter were you not that question but uh you know we have a foreign company in Downs Rackland and Martin I mean would you see yourself leaving Burlington after two years no this is my home and I've lived here now for 17 years I will probably be a Burlington resident for the rest of my life I think it's a little silly to speculate about what's going to happen in two years right there's a lot of work in front of us it's going to be I think a fantastic two years I'm really obviously with the victories yesterday in terms of all the manic representation and in terms of the of the ballot items it's really going to be an exciting two years I mean to be honest with you if I had won and we had lost a few seats on the border hold them in and we had lost some of the ballot items my enthusiasm would not be so great but we're in good shape and we're in good shape politically I think we're in pretty good shape economically and it's going to be a fun two years but I think it's a little bit a little bit early being that we've just decided the election last night it might be a little bit early to be talking about political horizons and futures and so forth do you see any changes coming up here at City Hall in terms of either personnel or you know sometimes after an administration is re you know that's right yeah the answer is there's a real possibility for that problem and I'm going to be going on vacation on Friday doing some thinking about it yeah I mean I don't there's not going to be any radical wholesale changes but there may very well be some changes what kind of things you're talking about I mean can you give us some idea that people talking of leaving you know no there's not no no we will not do we think that those three will be here with us but there may be some some changes some areas that we want to revitalize I think one of the dangers very clearly is that when you're in office for six years you don't want to get into the habit of doing something because you did it last year that way of the year before you really want to be vital you want to look to the future with excitement and a willingness to look at new ideas and you just don't want to do things out of habit so I think occasionally it's necessary to to bring about little shake-ups it's not going to be the cultural revolution we're not going to bring that about but yeah how important is this possible winning of a seventh seat on the board of alderman to you and do you think realistically in award five and it's runoff that there's a like a good life there's a good life that you'll forgive me I really don't want to that we have time for that one I think what I can tell we we're going to announce probably tomorrow a date for that election and we'll let we'll discuss that as we will besides confidence in the city what do you attribute getting you know 65 68 percent of these ballad is really quite incredible right every year there's something that everybody picks out I know they vote no on you like I mean I hate to say it but it only sounds like Carol stewart was correct in a comment a couple of months back people seem to be able to no all right let me look at that I'm glad you raised that issue and I look at it differently I think two things I think people will not vote themselves tax increases and will not be willing to spend money in areas unless they had confidence that that money was going to be well spent unless you have confidence in the future quite honestly what this tells me is that the people have confidence in the future of the city and I was wouldn't tell you otherwise amazed by the the depth of the victory I mean I thought we had a shot at these things but the scope of the victory was much greater than I had thought the issue of the property tax and whether people can afford I want to tell you this I mean if there's a lesson that remains imprinted in my mind out of this election it's I knocked on I don't know maybe 1500 doors and the most painful part of the campaign was knocking on doors of elderly people and poor people who cannot afford higher and higher property taxes so what I think you have here is there are numbers of people who can afford higher property taxes and I've never denied that but there are many people who cannot and there are some people who are willing to bite the bullet because they felt it important but if anything out of this campaign came my even stronger feeling about the stupidity of the property tax to fund education and municipal services the fact that people finally were willing to do it doesn't mean to say that the tax is not a bad form a bad method of raising money for education and municipal services and I just knocked on too many doors the impact of reappraisal was just you know when you think about the nature of this campaign and the things that I was running against I think it's fair to say that certainly one of the hardest things that I was running against and clearly that I was most frightened about was the impact of reappraisal I mean you can explain to people over and over again and I think they do believe what is in fact the truth the city of Burlington did not receive one extra penny from reappraisal if somebody's taxes went up somebody else's taxes went out and yet it doesn't matter if your taxes went up by 50 or 75 percent and you can't afford that it doesn't matter what the mayor tells you you're hurting and a lot of people are hurting and I honestly out of this has come almost if you want a reinvigoration on my part to do everything that I can to break out dependence on the property tax I'll be down in my period tomorrow starting that process again this year and something has got to be done are you going to be speaking out any more on statewide issues now is this are going to be any change in regard to that well I think Bob during the election I spent almost all of my time here in Burlington I have been down to my pillar on a number of occasions but I will certainly as soon as I return I'll be down in my period tomorrow we're going to fight for these charter changes okay we are going to make certain in terms of the state aid to education situation that not only the Burlington but every community in the state of a month gets a fair shake the foundation plan I hope I hope that the foundation is crumbling and we're certainly going to do everything we can to bury it and we're going to look for some progressive approaches to funding education once again I have to say that in terms of Burlington and in terms of every city and town in the state of Vermont the major issue that we have to deal with is the absurd and unfair relationship between state government and local government reading the paper today you read various towns who have lost revenue sharing and all of these communities all over the state they're battling what have they cut how much do they raise property taxes in order to compensate for the loss of revenue sharing that is the major issue the legislature is not dealing with it appropriately and I think you know that the league of cities and towns and I will be doing everything that we can to change that in this concession mafia expressed the hope that you would take a series looking at Burlington 2000 plan and try to implement something similar to that in the next two years do you have any plans or anything like that? Well I think it's always a good idea to bring people together to look to the future and see how we go I think we do that on an ongoing basis whether we would do it exactly that way I don't know but certainly it's it's it's a good idea any other parts of his campaign that you see being appropriate for looking at? we'll try to get more lighting out on the streets uh not really what about some of these ideas you know you said you were criticized in some quarters for running out a campaign that was basically based on the record really not presenting any vision for the future although you talked about a vision you didn't really present a lot of specific ideas so what can you give us some senses to you know again today you said you're going to be bringing some ideas you know it's only in the city of Burlington that when you announce that you're expanding your police force you're making major changes on the waterfront you're coming up with significant alternative to the property tax you're bringing forth the most significant condo conversion bill in the history of the state that that is nothing but are you taking personally credit for those as well I'm not taking personal credit from these are ideas that we strongly supported there are going to be many this this is your self service the difference between supporting an idea and initiating well I would say that in every one of those that I just mentioned those basically came from through a significant degree from this admit well the property tax one was a combination of the democrats and us there are other ideas that we're bringing forth but I think what we have just passed right now in terms of the ballot items is very significant and I think you know if you compare our agenda with whose agenda you know there's much more to be done I mean we've mentioned some ideas in terms of say property tax relief for senior citizens beyond this which we are working on environmental work I think you're going to see some efforts major efforts in terms of recycling you're going to see more work done on the bicycle path not just expanding the bicycle path but the idea of creating a network you're going to see our work continue in terms of state-city relationships there's an enormous agenda in front of us an enormous agenda I don't know that today is the day to go into all of the details but it's promises to be very exciting two years what do you see happening at this point with the waterfront how is this going to be I mean what can you tell people in terms of when how it's going to be implemented all right the hope is that work will be going to begin as soon as possible and we would like to see some real visible improvements certainly by this summer obviously as you know the location of the community boathouse is something that still has got to be explored and that we're doing right now but certainly as a result of the passage of this bond issue people will see some real won't use the word concrete rather I used real grass changes on the waterfront in the near future well I mean is the bike path going to get started in the summer yeah yeah well obviously you know it is already started and what has to be resolved now is the area in the south end is whether or not we go in front of bludgets but yes work will begin on that very shortly I think that once we have gone as far as we will have gone in in in allowing the people of Burlington to understand that there's going to be a whole lot of public access a community boathouse the bike path more parks I think it makes it easier to begin a discussion with private developers yeah I do think so I think what people are concerned about in the past is if you sit down with a private developer is there going to be any public access I think the answer is especially after this bond issue there is going to be and we're going to continue to get more public access after this but I think we'll make discussions with developers easier you're going to initiate in you're going to call Paul Flynn and get him back in that's not on the table right now well I think right now right that's right we're in court right now and I think we're going to have to resolve that issue any congratulatory phone calls for yeah the governor no actually I was surprised the governor did not go I think the governor had a bad day yesterday thank god she didn't endorse me I suppose he endorsed the democratic Rutland who seemed to have gone down two to one um lehi yeah I did get a call from senator lehi I've got a call from the attorney general how Dean was at our gathering last night what do you see about the future of the democratic party here locally it seems you're down to potentially could have only one seat yeah I I mean to be honest with you I I think you know we did clearly very very well but I think the democrats also did better than than the results indicate okay and we shouldn't get ourselves about that they brought out 900 people to their caucus to start the process which is an extraordinary effort it really is and as I mentioned yesterday to say the very least we were very very nervous at the start of this campaign to know that they had brought out you know maybe 15 or 18 percent of what they needed to win the election on a given night for a meeting second of all you know the truth is I think that they showed more organizational skill this time around than they did in the past okay you know the voter turnout was very large and not all of the new voters were our voters they brought out a lot of people as well so the bottom line is they could be down to one yeah it's true some of us are not yeah in public I mean Morris Mahoney last night had no explanation I mean they seem to have I want to tell you something I know it is not dramatic enough for you guys I know you'll always need something new and something profound but you know what I'm going to tell you what I'm going to tell you is that the average Burlingtonian thinks the city of Burlington today is being run very very well okay they're looking at the record and I think what the average Burlingtonian is saying is it's a damn good record we're proud of the alternatives to the property tax we're proud of the changes in the infrastructure our streets sidewalks sewers we're proud that we're making progress on the waterfront we're proud of the youth programs and the cultural programs and the women's programs we have established a very good record and after all is said and done essentially what the campaign comes down to any campaign comes down to is an incumbent says this is what I've done in the past and these are my ideas for the future and the challenges as well these are my ideas for the future this is the critique of the of the incumbent that's really what it comes down to and I think if you scratch beneath the surface surface and you go beyond the small numbers of people who have hated us from the day that we're in here and will hate us to the last day that we're in here if you go beyond those small numbers of people the average Burlingtonian thinks that we're doing a good job and that our vision is consistent with their vision that's really what it comes down to and people I think want to see us continue that direction and we have old amount of candidates who are I think if you look at the old amount of candidates on their own they're really a very good group of people very bright very energetic without exception grand tremendous campaigns not done every door in their wards they have indicated that they want to continue the progressive direction of the city and that's why they want to be it really is not more complicated than that I think people are proud of where we're going they want to continue that effort they want to support a mayor and all the manic supporters who are going in that direction and that's about it it's really not more complicated do you think that uh that you have essentially supplanted in building to the democrats as the sort of the second party power the second power I wouldn't phrase it that way I mean I won't repeat I mean I think I think people like what they're seeing that's about it they like the direction of city government right now and I think the majority of them said why should we change that direction why don't we continue going in that direction has your political organization to the point that it is a machine I mean the the quote last night from Morse Mahoney was that you guys had quite a machine yeah well I think Morris has been making that same quote and that same word for the last five years I know theirs is a grassroots citizen movement and ours is a political machine well but you know there was there was the pocket machine for 10 years right is there a Sanders machine now no I think but let me answer it this way and say this that in truth I think that the work done by our volunteers and I have to tell you at this point we have not paid one penny to any campaign worker up until this point it's been an all volunteer effort that the effort of yesterday was far and away the most intensive and best effort that we have ever made and that's certainly an important part of why we won yesterday we had volunteers out knocking on doors all over the city making God knows how many telephone calls doing an extraordinary effort I think you know when people want to criticize you they call it a machine but I think if you look at it objectively what you had is a grassroots movement of people who are proud of what we've accomplished and wanted to continue for another two years but again to use that that word Morse literally has been using that same word I think you'll check your records for the last five or six years you see any difficulty with the fact that you have signaled that this will be your last term getting anything done no I don't think so why I mean why should it make it different than it was in the past we have okay I think no I mean I think basically the way we have worked in the past and will continue to work is we bring forth an idea and if the idea makes sense we're going to try to rally public support for that idea and I think that will be the case I think you know if the idea makes sense and there's public support for it why should it be defeated and if people want to oppose it just for you know the sake of political partisanship we'll deal with that when it comes up but I honestly don't believe that the policies will be treated differently because I'm in my last term how do you explain it to yourself when you look at what happened last November in Burlington you got 15 percent of the vote a lot of those people that went to the polls in November and Jack Cunin turned out a lot of them and Jack Bernie Sanders this time got 22 percent of the vote 22 in Burlington yeah okay 22 to 55 I think the answer is not a hard answer I think often when people go to the ballot box they say do I feel comfortable that the governor has been doing a job that I can support and apparently 55 percent of the people said yeah I do I don't want to change governance I think yesterday people went to the polling booth and they said has the mayor been doing a job that we want to support and they said yes I think that's really what it's about I mean I think for example if governor Cunin were running against me as mayor you would see very different results than me running against governor Cunin as for governor and you explained the word one way well we ended up with more votes than their mark that's the major but why did you end up with more votes when you were running against an incumbent you're right and that was we were cautiously optimistic that we had a shot there Sharon is a very good candidate she worked very hard and I think if you look at the ward one movement that we have there has historically been a very strong one they're hard Monca and the people in what one did a fantastic job yesterday you know I won well there the support for the progressive agenda there in what one and Sharon one I think there was I don't I honestly haven't seen the results but there but you know I think if you look at the turnout though compared to two years ago it was not a significantly higher turnout in ward one would not be telling you the truth that we did not want to see a significantly higher turnout but it wasn't I think it was a hundred more is that correct okay which is not extraordinary really do you see this victory I mean it's a fairly large one do you see it as a message Sanders do what you want no not Sanders do what you want but what I see it is as a mandate in this of an indication that the people of Burlington are supporting the direction that we have taken the city in in the last six years and I think a belief that that is the direction that we should go in the future doesn't mean suddenly Sanders do what you want but it does say remain consistent stand up and make the fights that have to be made continue to lead the city in a direction which benefits all of our people and continue to talk out on those issues that you've talked down on so we see it as a mandate essentially to continue where we have been going and we'll certainly continue to do that yeah but I would say that of all of the items on the ballot we had most doubts about the school tax I thought that there was a reasonable chance the school tax would go down if it won I thought it would be in the low 50s getting close to 58 percent was more than I thought it is hard getting two-thirds of the vote for anything we were certain that the waterfront bond issue was going to pass 50 percent no question about that but that it ended up with 73 percent of the vote is fantastic the property tax relief for 68 percent is a very very high vote so it's I guess all that I could say Debbie is the we had our doubts about the school tax uh and and the magnitude of the support is really quite extraordinary and gratifying was that because they'd asked for one last year sure sure I mean you have reappraisal you had a 1.7 million dollar tax increase last year a 1.1 million dollar tax increase this year not everybody has children in the schools and it did go down at what for it lost them what for looking at it do you think 55 we are right now that that's probably because of the people who will be against your fault that this is really probably uh as good as you could realistically do you take away the uglies or whatever yeah roughly speaking no i'm going to go in for uh probably we probably where when are you fromados can we come yeah we could do satellite press conferences every day what do you say do they have a socialist independent government so what do you mean and I want to tell you also that you look back upon the CM in terms of elections it has been a very long year some of you may recall that we last year a year ago from today we had all the manic elections which we worked very very hard on it was important I know some of you were predicting that we weren't going to do so well right but we did okay then we had a special all the manic election to maintain to win for airheart manka we ran a gubernatorial race we had another mayoral race it has been a long year and uh I'm tired so I'm going to enjoy the week location and this will just be a brief respite brief respite and then we'll be back again okay thank you very much


Welcome to this course on Transition Metal Organometallics in Catalysis and Biology. We have been discussing about various oligomerization of olefins and alkyne reactions, and in this context we have looked at the first and the foremost of this type of reaction, which is shell higher olefin process in great detail and look at shop from the context of olefin oligomerization giving alpha alkenes. Now this shop process was a very important process, which was practiced in industrial scale for producing detergent, and this primarily had its origin for making alpha olefins for applications in surfactant and detergent, and this initially were obtained by cracking of crude oil, however later as Ziegler-Natter catalysis evolved, nickel catalyst was found which could produce alpha olefins from two C3 oligomers, all the way to C20 and above, and the only drawback about this olefin oligomerization under the shop process was that this Ziegler-Natter type coordination insertion olefin oligomerization was non-selective in the sense that it could produce a bunch of oligomers with various distribution ranging from smaller oligomers of dimer-trimer to large oligomers having more than 18 or 20 monomer unit. Now in order to make use of this large distribution of oligomers to other process, for example olefin isomerization followed by olefin metathesis, they were put in place to make use of the low molecular weight oligomers as well as high molecular weight oligomers, which individually had not much use as detergent. This is a combined process that involves alpha olefin oligomerization, isomerization and metathesis put together to make crude material for producing detergents. We have covered this in great detail in our previous lecture, and also we have looked into the alpha olefin oligomerization catalytic cycle, and the thing that comes out is that the active species is usually a nickel hydride species, the active species also what has been observed is change of solvents gives higher molecular weight linear oligomers, and this was done in the solvent is for example, Xn, lastly for the shop process what was found that addition triphenyl phosphine gives chain termination, for example, 1 butene is obtained. Even though this was a oligomerization of olefins was a very useful process, which helped develop this shop process altogether, however criticism of this process lies in its lack of selectivity, because a large number of oligomerates of various chain lengths are obtained at different ratios during the process of alpha oligomerization using the nickel catalyst, so selectivity was itself an issue. In this context, another important example is about ethylene trimarization of ethylene. The process indicates conversion of ethylene to 1 hexane. The process is important with respect to alpha olefin production or oligomerization in shop is with regard to the selectivity of this reaction. This reaction is highly selective in terms of producing 1 hexane. This discovery has an Indian impact on it and is made by the group of Professor Ayushman Sen and has been reported by Professor Ayushman Sen of Penicillvania State University and it was reported in the Journal of American Chemical Society in 2001, very recently in that in the year 123, so one beauty about this reaction is the selectivity, highly selective as compared to the alpha olefin produced by olefin oligomerization using shell-arolefin process. Note that for this reaction, an early transition metal tantalum catalyst has been used as opposed to nickel catalyst, which are often used for producing alpha olefins from ethylene oligomerization reaction. To be more precise, tantanium pentachloride is the starting precursor in presence of some metal alkyls and these metal alkyls can be several alkylating regions like trimethyl aluminum, tetramethyl-10, dimethyl zinc and endutyl lithium, so the scope of this reaction in terms of generating the active species is very broad, where different types of alkylating is a reagent like trimethyl aluminum, tetramethyl zinc, dimethyl zinc, butyl lithium are used to alkylate this tantalum 5 compound tantanium pentachloride to get the active species, which is actually a tantalium 3 species, so let me this is a very interesting discovery, which has the mark of an Indian inventor Professor Ayushman Sen currently on role in Pennsylvania State University, who had made this fine discovery. So, let me just walk you through the catalytic cycle for this trimerization of ethylene reaction. The first is the formation of the active species, which is the active species is suggested to be a tantalium 3 species, and this active species is produced from the tantalium 5 compound precursor as is shown below. In presence of am alkylating agent gives Cl3 tantalum dimethyl, so its partial alkylation that occurs of the tantalium 3 species, so pentap5 becoming 3 chloride and 2, so this is partial alkylation, which occurs to get this tantalium 5 species that reacts with ethylene to give tantalium methyl ethylene species, where the coordination insertion of where the coordination of the ethylene occurs on one of the 5 tantalium methyl bond to produce this tantalium propyl moiety. Now this tantalium propyl moiety because of electron deficiency of tantalium has beta hydrogen, which beta eliminates to produce this tantalium hydride methyl species with coordinated propylene. Then under this ethylene bound tantalium hydride species undergoes reductive elimination as is shown over here to eliminate methane as well as propene propene to generate the active species with a which is a tantalium trichloride, so this is the active species active catalyst for ethylene trimarization. One thing to note about this catalyst is that this species is both sterically unsaturated as well as electronically unsaturated, so this is a 8 electron species and this is a sort of 3 coordinate, 3 ligand. This species is highly active in terms of having very less of steric saturation, only 3 chloride ligands bound to titanium and also electronically very unsaturated because it is a 8 valence electron 3 from chloride and 5 from tantalium, so it is a 8 valence electron species, so it is also very electronically unsaturated and this is supposed to be the active species for this catalytic ethylene trimarization reaction. One beauty about Ausman's sense work is that he has successfully demonstrated the use of an early transition metal like tantalium for producing olefin oligomers like one hexene. Usually the common wisdom had been that early transition metal produces high molecular weight polymers whereas more electron rich lead transition metals produces oligomers, but here we have a nice example from sense group where he had successfully used an early transition metal for producing trimers of ethylene in form of one hexene. The second important feature about sense work is the selectivity that in olefin oligomerization using neocl catalyst in shop process, a wide range of alpha olefins bearing different chain lengths are produced, whereas Senn has showed that highly selective trimarization can proceed with this catalyst that only gives one hexene as the final product, so these two are the key features that separate sense work from the existing catalyst or which are of show superiority of sense work from the existing catalyst, which had been known for olefin oligomerization. Now, we are going to take a look at the mechanism as to how these active species in telium tetrachloride carry out this trimarization of olefins ethylene. Tentanum trachloride, which is highly sterically unsaturated as well as electronically unsaturated, reacts with two molecules of ethylene to form this pentacyclic metacyclic metacyl, so this is quite stable and it also has been shown by DFT calculation by others that this is a stable product, which will eventually form from two olefins. Now, the species, which is formed is Cl3-Tentanum metacyl, where the oxygen state of Tentanum has again increased from Tentanum 3 to Tentanum 5, and this is a sort of an oxidative reaction, which occurs by addition of two olefins and can be seen as such, Tentanum 3 and two species with Tentanum donating electron onto the ligand to form this Tentanum metacyl, which is shown over here. Subsequently, the reaction of another olefin happens by coordination insertion pathway to give to this Tentanum 7 membered ring, and this happens by simple coordination followed by insertion of this into the bond to give that 7 membered pathway. And finally, the reductive elimination to generate back this Tentanum 5 membered compound via beta hydrogen elimination is going to this, and that undergoes reductive elimination giving one hexane as the side product. This also involves reductive elimination. What is happening over here? One can see that this catalytic cycle initiates with oxidative variation, and then Tentanum becomes 4, and then goes to reductive elimination, where again the Tentanum oxygen state changes from Tentanum 5 to Tentanum 3. So this is a very nice piece of work by Professor Sen, where one could see that a Tentanum 3 species is being generated in the course of the reaction, and that is highly electron deficient as well as highly unsaturated compound, which then successfully carries out this trimarization of ethylene to give one hexane, first by oxidative addition of two ethylene molecules to give a Tentanum 5 species, which also then further undergoes one more insertion to give a 7 membered metallocycle of Tentanum, and that finally beta hydrogen eliminates as well as reductively eliminates to give one hexane as the product, and regenerating back the titanium trichloride. So with these, I come to the conclusion of today's lecture, in which we have looked into first the various important attributes of olefin oligomerization, particularly from the perspective of its active species, which is the nickel hydride species, and the effect of solvents, for example, on going to solvents like hexane, higher molecular weight polymers obtained, or the effect of addition of phosphenes, which allows chain termination and facilitates lower oligomer formation. The second aspect that we have discussed is about interesting reaction that involves highly selective trimarization of ethylene to one hexane, and this has been reported by Prof. Ayushman Sen of the Pennsylvania State University in the JSCS article, 2002 article, which we have already referred to and request the reader to read it with more detail, and in this, Prof. Sen has very nicely demonstrated that even against the conventional wisdom that even early transition metal can be successfully used for olefin trimarization in a very selective fashion. In particular, he has started with the Tantalum pentachloride using some alkylating agent. He had generated a highly unsaturated and highly electron deficient Tantalum 3 species, which selectively produces one hexane in the mechanism as it is shown below. So, very interesting work and it also highlights the scope of organometallic chemistry, particularly in terms of carrying out very different kinds of transformation, some of which may even go beyond the wisdom of the conventional logic and nice work by Sen in this regard was discussed. So, with this, I come to the conclusion of today's lecture on ethylene oligomerization and ethylene trimarization that we have discussed. We are going to talk more on few more other examples of various kinds of olefin oligomerization reactions when we meet next in this lecture series. Till then, thank you and goodbye.


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This was probably one of the most informal meeting at the highest level in this country where we discussed every aspect of what you call friction and every aspect of future potential. And I think the most interesting thing was the Prime Minister was consistent, was willing to actually participate in the discussion, question, guide the discussion. We were quite bored over by the Prime Minister's ability to see through very complex technological issues with a lot of laughter and also to catch up some of the subtle hints that were provided by my colleagues.