Welcome back. I'm Jay Fidel. This is St. Tech, more specifically. This is Energy in America with Emily Medina who joins us from Mexico City and talk about energy in Mexico. That's part of the Americas, you know. We want to think of it that way and we want all the Americas to be joined, right Emily? We want to be together in the Americas. Absolutely, especially in this trying times. Oh gee, I, you know, I talked to our correspondent Carlos, he is from Mexico and he's with the University of the Americas in Puebla and talking about COVID, a serious problem in Mexico. For some reason, Emelo did not take it seriously and then he quoted himself an irony in that. So electricity, you're with, of course, he brings the Energy Policy Research Organization out of Washington, the Lupo Urizi, and you look at it from, you know, the advantage of Mexico, and there's been a significant development in Mexico by electrical generation, I guess, by quote, reform, end quote. So what is the nature of this reform? Who initiated it? And what does it do? Yes, Jay. So this week, you know, there's been some developments on Mexico's energy policy. More precisely, the precedent passed or send a priority bill to Congress to reform the electricity sector. And what this bill seeks to change is a dispatch system. So I'm not sure if you know what the dispatch system is, but I'll give a little bit of an explanation as to what it is for those who don't maybe and have an understanding of the electricity market. So the dispatch system basically means that, you know, Mexico has or follows a merit order in its grid system where we have a system that prioritizes more economic and efficient sources of energy, like natural gas and renewable energy, particularly wind and solar, which are very, very efficient here in Mexico, considering that we have a lot of sun and wind. So here in Mexico, you know, we have a high potential for renewable energy. But what this bill seeks to do is to instead of prioritizing energy sources that are more economic and efficient, it seeks to prioritize CFP and power generation. And CFP is a national utility system. It's state-owned. So before the energy reform in Mexico, it was a state monopoly, you know, and, you know, let's back up a little bit. So the bill intends to have, to prioritize energy coming from CFP power plants. And what this means is that instead of following the merit order based on cost and efficiency, it does not distinguish on the quality of the source of electricity. So the bill seeks to prioritize CFP power generation, particularly hydro energy, which is about 7% of Mexico's electricity today. And it also seeks to, you know, prioritize, I would say, more dirty sources of electricity like fuel, oil and diesel. Independent power producers would be, would resolve highly disadvantaged from this policy. So I guess, why is this, why does this bill get passed? Who is driving it? And for what interest? Well, as you may already know, the government that we have right now in Mexico is very nationalistic in terms of their approach to energy policy. It basically has the mission or intent to prioritize both state owned energy companies, CFP, which is comision federal electricity, which is a utility company, and also Pemex, which is Petrolios Mexicanos, hydrocarbon, Mexican energy company. So the whole purpose of this policy is to return market power to CFP. And basically, you know, what's happened since the start of the energy reform, which was passed in 2014 by the predecessor of AMLO, which is Enrique Peña Nieto. So he passed a historic energy reform that basically opened up the energy sector to private sector participants and dissolved the state owned monopoly. So now that there's a lot more and compatibility in the energy sector, because we have, you know, a large number of independent power producers participating in Mexico's energy sector since the opening of the energy reform, and there's been huge amounts of foreign capital flowing into Mexico and investing in energy projects along the energy value chain. And basically, what this means is that right now the government sees private sector participation as a threat, instead of seeing it as a means to be able to allow for energy companies to produce electricity at the most efficient costs and also in a way that it's beneficial for the environment. So the word reform is so tricky. The one in 2014 sounds like a really positive, you know, positive progressive change. The one now doesn't sound like reform at all. It sounds like something else. In fact, it tends to reverse the reform that was done in 2014. Am I right? Exactly. I was taken office two years ago. I'm low and the head of the CFP, which is Manuel Barlett, also very nationalist, that so the government basically does not believe on or does not favor a market friendly approach. It is more advocate of an idea now that they want Mexican companies to give power to Mexican consumers. But in reality, you know, after eight decades of monopoly, we've seen that they have not been able to satisfy the needs of the Mexican population in terms of delivering energy in an efficient way. So this is the main reason why we had an energy reform in the first place. So it's very unfortunate that we have very, a government with a very different approach to energy policy than what we have before. I guess you can say it's almost, you know, in complete 360 degree difference of what we had before. So the start contrast in energy policy is really, you know, causing severe stress to many, you know, energy investors who have a lot of capital and stake and a lot of energy projects in Mexico that are currently at risk. Well, it's always rough when you do that. When you discourage an investor who has come in and put a lot of money on the table, you give him, you know, negative encouragement. You make it hard for him politically or economically because there are others in the pipeline from somewhere else who would, you know, be likely to put additional investment capital into that sector who want to discourage having seen what goes on with their predecessors. This happens in Hawaii all the time. And so it's not a good thing. Let me just get a little environmental, you know, environmental coverage here in the sense that, A, what is the situation in Mexico? Does electrical energy, is it available everywhere? Is the penetration complete through all of, you know, the areas including the outlying areas in Mexico? If I'm in a small town in the middle of nowhere, am I going to be able to get electrical service? Yeah, Jay. So Mexico, as you know, has a huge population. We have about 125 million. What's 40 million here and there? Or 80 million. I might be. You know, it's a huge population.     And it's a big issue in the country. And the energy reform sought to address this issue right now. You know, 98% of the Mexican population has access to electricity. But it's not the same to have access to electricity, you know, of poor quality than having, you know, steady access to reliable energy. And also, you know, we have to take cost into consideration. Because, you know, there's a large number of the Mexican population that is, it doesn't have, you know, a high income and, and energy prices really do affect their, their balance, you know. Well, I wanted to ask you about that. You know, we have a problem in Hawaii for many years because we're, you know, wedded to fossil fuel for the most part. And fossil fuel can be volatile and expensive. So the question is, what are the rates like in Mexico? You say that in the small towns, people don't have a lot of money. It's a problem. But how, how expensive is it? Can you talk in American dollars? Can you translate that to American dollars? Yeah. Well, it depends significantly who you ask. And because based on your geographic location, you get a price for electricity because the cost, you know, considers things like transportation of energy. And, you know, we have areas of the country like in the south of Mexico, like the Yucatan Peninsula, which is, you know, who that has very high electricity prices at around, I don't know, an average household would have. I've seen, you know, bills of $600 per month. So, and this is because, you know, they're the south of Mexico lacks access to natural gas because of its position. But if you look at places like Monterrey in the north of the country that borders the US and has access to very affordable gas, you will see very low energy prices. So it depends on the area you are in. But right now in, I mean, in areas like Mexico City, there are also very, you know, very, there are demand centers that are, you know, located in close, close to the production centers. And they, and we have, you know, electricity prices, you know, can range for, I don't know, about $100 per month. But there's also, there's also a billing system that takes into account if you are a high electricity consumer or a low electricity consumer. And based on your status, you get, you get, you know, the prices corresponding each level. I want to do, I want to settle one thing before we go too much further, Emily. I have my friend, Alexa here. Alexa. What's the population of Mexico? In 2020, the population of Mexico was 129 million people. Okay, yeah. I think that was closer. You're right. I owe you a tequila. Okay, well, let's move on to the whole thing about what the reform, if you will, in 2014 did and whether it was working and why in the world the second quote reform would take place and whether that undermined, you know, the progress that the country had made for independent electricity producers in the years from 2014. Yeah. So sorry, what was your question? We, I assume we made progress. Mexico made progress under the 2014 reform bill. Was it working? Was there any, and I guess it was, was bringing foreign investment into electrical sector. Was, was there really a need to have, you know, was it working to the point where, you know, you, you could say there was no need to change it. Was there a need to change it in the, in the bill that. If you ask me, the most energy analysts in the country, we would say that, you know, that this electricity reform that the current government is trying to undertake really is hurting investment and there's not a need to go back. You know, we, we already moved from where we were before. That was a monopolistic model. We already saw, you know, that it didn't work. It might have worked, you know, at the beginning, but you know, over the years it proved that it's not the system that Mexico needs right now. It's a cease, the monopolistic system, you know, leads to things like corruption and lack of investments in areas that needed. So if you ask me, the correct approach is to, you know, to stay with energy reform that has been very beneficial in attracting investment and also in helping the energy transition in Mexico. Because if you look at CFP's power plants and some of them are very polluting. And, you know, if you don't have a model that incentivizes new projects and new, and new developments in clean energy or including natural gas, then you are stuck with, you know, an inefficient system that is highly polluting. So, what about the cost factor? I take it from what you say that the independent power producers as, as capitalized by investment from outside the country are focused on renewables. Am I right about that? They're focused along, you know, the different sources of energy. They're not exclusive to clean power. And we mainly see independent power producers owning power plants on that run on natural gas, which are combined cycle power plants. And we also see a lot of projects in renewable energy like solar and wind. So, those are the most prominent sources of energy that are, you know, being operated by the independent power operators. So, what would you like to be an independent power operator? Are we talking about a lot of little independent power operators around the country rather than a few huge utility companies? And is there an advantage to that in terms of connecting with the grid, in terms of reducing prices for the product, in terms of coordinating their efforts?  So, the independent power producers basically produce energy and they typically sell it to the CFE, to the state-owned utility company as mandated in the law. They have to sell that power to the CFE and then the CFE, you know, puts it in the system with all of the other sources of energy and sells it to the end producer. So, basically how it works is that we have, you know, we don't have like that many independent, we don't have that many operators that sell energy to the end consumer directly, but this way the CFE can, you know, can manage the load from multiple stakeholders instead of being the only company in charge of producing energy. And this has resulted in a very, you know, efficient model that is practiced in many other countries. Actually, the energy reform was billed using best practices and it's a very competitive model that before this government took place, there was long-term auctions where the CFE would purchase power from independent power operators to then, you know, get the best price. And since this government took place, they've kind of discontinued the auction model and right now it's based basically on the long-term contracts that the CFE has with the independent power producers. Let me go to some questions we got from our viewing audience. Emily? Sure. Okay. It seems that Amlo is moving toward a populist Mexico-first energy policy. Does he have a lot of political support for that initiative or is he operating without political support? Yes, that's absolutely correct. You know, Amlo is basically moving in the direction of, you know, favoring CFE and Pemex, both state-owned companies to give them all the power in the energy sector, undermining private sector participation. And what this is causing is basically, you know, an issue where private sector companies are not that happy with the government right now because there's a lot of, you know, investments at stake from this policy. You mean they may lose their investment? Yes. So basically their investment is at risk. They would challenge it in courts. It's not like they're going to just lose their investments because it's in the Constitution that the government has to respect the contracts that were awarded legally. So what this means is that there's going to be possible investor-state dispute settlements, which is, you know, not a fun situation for the country to be in, especially in this moment where our economy is going through, you know, a harsh time. I have more along the same line other questions for you, Emily. The second related question is what options do foreign investors have? I assume some of them are American foreign investors, but could be Europe, but could be Asia. What options do foreign investors have? Does this policy in this new quote reform negate any provisions of the USMCA that was, you know, inked while Trump was in office? Yes. So that's absolutely correct, you know.  It's a bill that will, you know, basically, favor the CFE and Pemex. And if you do that, you immediately violate the Mexican Constitution and also the USMCA. So you violate the Mexican Constitution because you give priority to the state companies, CFE in this case, and instead of having, you know, a fair level playing field, so this is completely unconstitutional because the companies that participated in half contracts are, you know, are in their right to compete in an equal level playing field. Going back a mile a minute. So you mentioned a minute ago that maybe there would be litigation. Is there litigation? Is there a political attempt to reverse this latest quote reform? It sounds like somebody needs to do that. Is anybody doing that? Yes. So the bill was passed by the president to the Mexican chamber. So to Congress. And what this means is that the Congress has 31 days to discuss the bill. And it's more than likely going to be approved because the government holds a majority. You know, it goes to your first question of whether, you know, how much power does the government have. And the answer to that is that I'm little holds a lot of power in Congress. And he, you know, he has currently a 60% approval rating. So he's doing very good in the polls. And basically what this means is that. Although it's going to pass in the, in the Congress more than likely, it will still be disputed by particularly by the effective companies. So the, you know, the energy companies are going to dispute the policy. And it will more than likely go to the Supreme court, who then gets to rule.  And it's more than likely going to be in favor of the companies given that the bill is, is unconstitutional. Yeah. Well, that'll be a positive, but you know, how, how do things work in the Mexican courts? We get to see a decision on that in the near term or is it going to be after, you know, years later? It should be, you know, and a matter of months earlier this year and or last year actually in April last year. There was a similar executive order passed by the energy ministry in a change that they wanted to do based on the grid reliability, arguing that renewable energy was causing intermittency to the grid. And that, you know, that they needed to prevent more renewable energy projects from coming online, which was, you know, lack completely. It didn't have the evidence to support the policy. And what happened is that today the court ruled against this energy ministry policy. So we have, and luckily a Supreme court that is very, very strong. And how would you call it? It follows, you know, a strong, it's a strong institution. And this really is, it's important today. It is not checks and balances. You know, it's wonderful that you have that. So let me, let me go to the third part of the question that this viewer submitted, which is actually in many ways the most interesting part. You know, because these independent producers are either managed or American, you know, capitalized and, or maybe from somewhere else, but America has an investment role in these independent energy producers. And they offer the most part, I take it from this conversation, they're progressive and they could do a lot to democratize energy in, in Mexico. I'm therefore, although it's not clear how the relationship between Biden and Amelot is going to go because Amelot took his time in recognizing Biden's election, which I thought was not a good move on Amelot's part. And so the relationship may be off to a bit of a rocky start, but the question is, you know, what can Biden do? What is Biden doing? What is Joe Biden doing to help the American energy investors and managers who, who are creating and operating these independent energy companies in Mexico? What can he do to help them? What can he do to protect American interest? Does he have influence? Does he try to exert influence on, on Amelot? What is the role of the United States here? Well, you know, we're in a very difficult position where, you know, the U.S. is Mexico's closest alley.  So what this does is that it creates, you know, an increasing tension with, with the U.S. government, which already, you know, or I guess it was a month ago or recently that the U.S. Congress sent a letter to, to the Mexican government saying that they were, you know, concerned about the direction that the Mexican government was taking the energy sector in. And basically, you know, saying that it's important that Mexico abide to its commitments. You know, they've, you know, send out these letters and, you know, already given clear notice to the government that they're not happy with what it is doing. However, you know, I haven't seen much action yet in, in terms of the unfolding of the legal disputes. But I think that, you know, it's a matter of time before we start seeing increase, you know, pressure in terms of litigation and that type of thing in terms to the Mexican government, which is going to really affect the relationship. Very, very interesting. What I think the government right now, you know, Biden taking office, I think it's going to be interesting to see how he exerts, you know, pressure on Mexico to abide to its commitments. And I think a way that, or an approach that he's going to take is going to be on the environmental side. Because this reforms that Anlo wants to do, or are a threat to our commitments in the Paris agreement.  Well, we're not finished with this. We'll have to circle back with you and see how it goes over the next few months. Very interesting discussion, Emily. Emily Medina with Ebrink in Mexico City. Thank you so much for joining us. Pleasure day.


I'm gonna do a review of basically every movie and every TV show that's existed in the past several decades in the American media And I want to say they're all Psyops. I made a passing remark in a Video a couple days ago when I was actually talking about TV shows randomly. This is very uncharacteristic for me I don't review media But I made a passing remark that Game of Thrones is obviously a big Psyop like a giant Psyop whether it means to be or not it is accidentally a Psyop and Some people ask me what do you mean by that? I understand what you mean like I get it There's something weird about that show and there's something weird about shows and movies just in general in America Mostly because everyone kind of hates them like people hated the way Game of Thrones ended they hate that like there are a lot of movies Nowadays that critics just love and they're so popular and they're memed in public and everyone seems to hate them what's going on with that and My answer is actually not a lot of people might assume it's something narrowly political. I think it's it's much wider than that I mean that's part of it, but I Think the way to think of it is that American movies and this of course has spread to movies made in other countries that are kind of under The thumb of America, but American movies and TV shows in general are about They're about being sordid. They're about being Corrupt they're about being they're about putting nastiness in your face violence in your face sex in your face To for multiple reasons one to I guess get a kind of edgy reaction from you but also to I don't know create a new vision of what society should be like or what it is like even if it is directly contrary to your experience So here's an interesting fact to think of okay So if you pull kids nowadays or kids like I mean this has really always been true But if you pull kids in high school or kids in college And you ask them questions like how many of people your age or how many people in your class or whatever Do you think are partying over the weekends or taking lots of drugs or getting drunk? Or having sex or any of this kind of stuff The one interesting thing about polls like this is that kids will always Drastically overestimate how much their friends are engaging in various degenerate behaviors be that having drug You know taking drugs having promiscuous sex all this kind of stuff, right? So they will drastically overestimate the extent to other that other people do this, right? Of their own age and there are probably multiple reasons for that One of it is just like the background radiation of media, which is constantly like every movie Is about this kind of stuff like they can't you can't have a movie nowadays That's just about normal people doing normal things. It all has to be hammed up There has to be alcohol and sex and all this kind of stuff in it That's just not like you people cannot write normal plots anymore You have to amp that kind of stuff up But also I think in particular people are very afraid of seeming like dorks when they answer these things when they say Eh, you know what? I don't think people are actually doing that because that makes them look like a dork because they're not doing it Right. They're admitting that they're not And it also makes them feel naive in reality. They're not actually being naive in reality Like if you look at polls in fact not just that like kids especially in America They're doing so much less of this stuff. I mean now everything is just like online anyway like kids like I don't know They it's like they don't even have promiscuous sex anymore because we've moved on to more corrupt things that are just you know on the using your cell phone So all of that is to say that I think There's this so if you take a person like that if you take a person who looks at the world like that and put them in front of a movie screen And you so show all this absurdity Let's say you show stuff that is basically torture porn in a horror movie where people are getting mutilated and killed Or you show them a movie about a family where everyone hates each other and all this kind of stuff Or a movie a drama where everyone is adulterous and everyone is having sex with each other There's this a lot of people are like afraid to say you know what I think that I think this is stupid Like I think this is dumb and the reason they're afraid to say that is because it makes them seem naive It makes them seem I don't know like even though of course they're making a very sensible judgment, right now Of course, there is a reason that you know in general we expect things in movies to be a little more hammed up from reality But we're now at a point in the United States where things are so nutty in terms of the stuff in media That they just have no semblance to reality and if they do have a semblance to reality It is a causative Relationship and what I mean by that is that this kind of media is now setting a standard for what's normal, right? So Game of Thrones is a great example because I mean it's just so absurd and so ridiculous where There's just everyone is it has incredibly selfish motives as everyone knows the only Noble guy gets killed off very quick and everyone else is just very selfish and and like They only care about sex and power and all this kind of stuff and they're all killing each other and manipulating each other and Frankly, even however bad people are nowadays that that is not how reality works I just have to say like some even bad people have their own kind of virtues that they're acting on They might not like acknowledge it or something like that So when you look at a show like Game of Thrones and this is not just for Game of Thrones This is just like honestly for anything. It's not so much that characters are Developing or changing or anything there might be some of that But it's it's always like developing frankly in a bad way or they're doing something like Machiavellian or I don't know becoming jaded But it's all it really you can look at series is like that as this is like an unfolding a slow-moving unfolding tragedy of all of these people destroying each other and destroying themselves and People of course through Game of Thrones hoped that oh there's gonna be some poetic ending to it And it ends up there wasn't and it was just ha ha at those people because you know You got what you deserved you got what you watched that entire time So that I think is kind of the norm you just have media that is Just like psychologically jarring in a way like it puts absurdities in your face It puts things that are directly contrary to reality that are just like that are just nasty that are just there's so much violence and and like just degeneracy and psychopathy and stuff like this and Not only are you afraid to say yeah, this is stew. I'm sorry. This is cringe like this is ridiculous Like this this has no semblance to reality and what kind of weird perverts create this kind of stuff People don't want to say that because that is some kind of that might be construed as a kind of naivete But aside from that this actually does affect reality like when you have seen Decades of people just acting like this and oh and this is the gritty real world That's game of thrones the gritty real world which is so absurd then that obviously creates the idea that this is how people are You might now everyone you know in real life doesn't work like that But it creates the idea that this is how it's supposed to be right and so that is why it's a Psyop Whether it's intentional or not. I mean when I say and I mean intentional Psyops, you know The idea is though There's some government government agency putting them out here to like change how the public looks at things and make them More psychopathic and manipulatable and stuff like that and that's probably true Unintentional it just means like you know demons are behind it or I don't know something else or there's just some this I guess underlying geist behind how people look at the world nowadays I mean that's a that's a I don't know unspiritual way to look at it for you atheists out there But there is a sense in which there is a corrupt force that's animating all this kind of stuff Whether you think that's something spiritual or not. I think it's it's kind of hard to deny because Even if it's just some kind of cultural norm There's so many shows and media like basically all movies nowadays like you just watch them and they're about like people Just killing each other and manipulating each other in and taking people in real-world circumstances and acting in these like totally weird Discombobulated ways and then like passing that off to people is normal I remember like when I was a kid one of the first movies I saw in Chinese cinema Was this movie? I it was actually an old black-and-white movie. What was it called? Like springtime in a small town or a small village or something like that And I just remember watching that and just seeing how like different like how Different American movies could be because in this in this film It's about like this guy who's kind of in firm and sick and he has this young beautiful wife And he has a friend from college. I forget where come to his house And you know he his wife is always taking care of him But his wife kind of develops feelings for this friend of his who's visiting and they kind of they kind of have this connection Right and so what happens in the end of the film? Well, what happens at what what dramatic ways would an American movie in this In this plot point. Well, here's how the Chinese movie ended. They realized Oh, this it would be the wrong thing for me to leave my husband and to be with this man So we're just not gonna we're not gonna follow that up But that's gonna be it right and I just at the time I was so awestruck because like American movies and film they're so corrupt and like pornographic that there's no way that that would happen Like they would find some way to kill the guy off or they would have some adulterous affair Where they killed him or like all these like it was so weird to see people acting in a film like normal humans Like I don't know. It was just so bizarre And that's one of the reasons like there there a lot not now. There's lots of foreign films that are like kind of under the I guess cultural influence of the united states so they will have like degenerate stuff all the time But it was just like so weird to see a movie like that and even early american movies There are some of them like this that are are still kind of pure and still kind of true to real life But honestly, um, you know, I don't want to say like alfred hitchcock is where it all began, but like there it's funny how soon Um, I don't know this kind of weird like let's just throw weird stuff in people's They're like murder and and like adultery and all this kind of stuff in people's faces That started very early in american film frankly For whatever for whatever pretense people pretend that like american film was very censored and stuff But all of that was you know, basically notional and disappeared very quickly So that's just something to think about so whenever I see the reason I find it so difficult to watch like film and movies and all this kind of stuff Now, I mean especially Uh tv shows like tv shows I mean just the idea of like sitting there for hours and hours like I'm more okay with movies Just because like they're just a movie and it's done But um, it's just so difficult to like watch this kind of stuff now because there's just all this Especially stuff with kids in it where when it's like kids who are like eight who are just like saying all these obscenities And like I don't know like uh hooking up with each other and stuff It's just like who the hell like I don't know where this even comes from You know what? I mean, it's like this bizarre alternate reality and I will say this I'm gonna say something very unexpected.  I was like the superhero stuff man. I'm glad that's gone for good But then it wasn't But the thing is there's a reason people like the marvel stuff because the marvel stuff is actually Even though it's like weird superhero. I don't know tight stuff The the plots of them are actually very normal. They have normal character development. They have normal people acting You know and it kind of hand up superhero ways But they emotionally treat each other more like humans actually treat each other And I think there's a reason that normies like those movies They have a big appeal to them because even though they're it's weird superhero stuff the humans in them like They're still character development going on. They're still like stuff I don't know. They're still acting in like a vaguely moral way They're like driven by like things that are not just their own desire to like, I don't know Just like their impulses and stuff and that I think is one of the reasons these movies have taken over the world Again, I don't endorse them. I think they're kind of they're very annoying But like I can definitely understand why they have and I think they've It's just like it's an unsold market like just make a normal movie about normal people doing normal things And I think that's actually gonna be a big I mean, I don't if if Hollywood were actually about like appealing to the public Rather than like subtly manipulating how they think and like Occulturing them to elite norms. This would be something that we see but we don't see it So anyway, that's all the that is my review of every tv show and movie. They're all bad nowadays. Good. Bye


All right, cool. Thank you. I will now set press play. Excellent. Hello, my tiny crowd in a huge room. Thank you for coming. My name is Suzanne Hillman. Mo is mostly here for moral support, but she also will be able to answer questions that maybe I won't be able to answer. This talk is about the original Fedora Hubs piece of the Fedora Hubs project that you may have already seen presentations on earlier in the conference. I did the UX for most of the process as part of Outreachy with Mo as my mentor. And I am not going to go to the overview. So the overall idea of this talk is, all right, we have to start out with some information, otherwise you basically can't do anything, but then from there you've gotta figure out what else do we need to know, and how do we figure that out? So in this case, we're gonna find out what do we know in terms of the background of the project, of the context, of the constraints, things like that, and what are the goals of this project, of this UX design process? If you don't have any goals, you're not gonna get anywhere. Even if you start doing research, you're not gonna know how to interpret it. So you gotta have goals. The next thing was, okay, what do we need to learn in order to get further with this process? What do people already do? Whether there's somebody in the community that we have, whether there are competitors, I think my entire slide is not actually visible. Maybe I'm missing, I think something is missing, but that's fine. Anyway, so what do they do? We need to know that so we know what kinds of things we can do to make things easier, what kinds of things are already being done that might be useful, that might be really terrible ideas. That's the kind of thing you wanna figure out in this section. And then once you've got a bunch of information, what do you do with it? So you gotta figure out how to summarize it, how to understand what it means, and generally you wanna have somebody else to bounce ideas off of, to discuss it so that you've got multiple perspectives, sorry, microphone, multiple perspectives on the idea as you have more ideas and more thoughts on the process. Trying to do UX alone is generally a terrible idea. It's really hard to do and in most cases you don't have enough information. So that's kind of what the analysis part is. I think the part that I can't currently see for some reason is the okay, what do you do with the information you have analyzed? What do you do now? And in general, what that means is, all right, I know that we wanna go into this particular subsection of what it is we figured out. And with that information, start making some sample beginning designs, have some feedback on those designs, whether it's from somebody else in your UX group, whether it's developers you talk to or eventually with the usability testing with your actual users. So that's the kind of stuff you end up doing and then I'm gonna be saying, you can ask questions and things like that. I'm not sure why this slide is missing part of itself, but that's fine. So the next thing I wanna talk about is the general idea of how the UX process works. So as I was sort of saying earlier, you've got a lot of research. You've got a lot of research to figure out what are you starting out with? What do you know now? You got to research what people are doing that you may not already know and then you gotta figure out what the information you get means. Now you might find that when you're analyzing your data, if you have more time, you say, wait, this seems a little weird or confusing. Maybe I should go back and do a little more research. But it's why it's a two-way street. Similarly, you might say, okay, my analysis says, this is the best way to go with my design. Great, let's go make some designs. Something seems a little off here. Maybe we need to look a little closer and find other things. You don't know yet. So it's always gonna be in this circle. You tend to do research analysis design, but you might jump around. Like, once you've got a design, you might say, great, this is our first iteration. Or we're gonna publish this and then you're gonna have people say, hey, this is hard or this is really cool or this is missing. If it's gone into production and you haven't found that in testing, then you're like, okay, more research is needed. So you gotta do all those things, part of your process. First question, as I was saying earlier, what do we already know? This is a lovely visual design of a possible, oh, sorry, no, this actually, this is the original ticket in Paguar about what I was going to end up doing. That is what I started with, exactly. I started with this ticket and from that ticket I needed to say, okay, let's read what this says, let's figure out what they're actually trying to do here. Cause like it's sort of hard to say whether what somebody's asking for is actually what they need. So I needed to take a look at that and just figure out what they're asking for, figure out what the problem actually is and then go from there with some other people to figure out, okay, how do I potentially approach this? And that's why the next thing you do is what do we need to learn in order to be able to actually do what that ticket asked for? Because in general, you have constraints. You have to have constraints. If you have no constraints, you can't do work. People sometimes say, hey, constraints are bad cause then you get stuck in things, yeah, but how else do you know what your boundaries are? So you figure out what is the project I'm working on? What are its constraints? What do other sites do? What are their constraints? What are they trying to figure out? Just figure out that kind of things, in this case, around things like events and meetups because the goal of the ticket that was probably hard to read that I should have told you about then was to make it possible to have local Fedora meetups and local events and maybe integrate with other events locally that aren't specifically Fedora, we could be a presence at. That was a general idea of that ticket. So the question is, okay, what does that mean? What do we mean by local events? What do we mean by finding people nearby? What does that actually mean? Until then I went and looked at, you end up looking at other sites and in this case, go, no, no, go. That was weird. So the first thing I needed to know cause I was new to hubs was what does hubs do? What are its underlying programming language constraints? What does it have for a general structure for my design process? What does hubs do? Why is it doing it? What are we not sure about yet? Cause it was also still in process so it wasn't finished. And with the, what does it do now? What are we assuming? Because while it can be, it's fine to make assumptions but you need to know what the assumptions are.   So you have to look at your assumptions if you can find them. You can't always find them. You have to look at them if you can find them and say, okay, this might be part of what we have to look at in our research. Cause you wanna look at your assumptions and you wanna look at the questions you have to ask. That's about the defining of project scope. The next question as I was saying earlier is what everybody else do? Which sites do we pick? Why do you pick them? That's your competitive analysis. Finally, what do people do right now? How are they organizing events? How are they finding people to go? How is it handled right now? And what is the most painful part of it? That's called a contextual inquiry. So the problem with this is, it's where did HUBs go? So fascinating. For some reason it decided it wanted to be animated. We found it, it's back, we're good. So for the HUBs, the point of HUBs is that it has, as you might guess, lots of HUBs or groups. And the ticket, and people had already thought that what would make the most sense is, regional HUBs or groups were a type of HUB. It's not like we're doing something crazy and different on HUBs. It's still part of the underlying infrastructure of HUBs. The idea behind Fedora HUBs, for those who may or may not have watched the earlier talks, is that you're trying to get a place where you can see what's going on across Fedora projects that you are part of and your teams, as well as what is showing up in your own stuff. Like there's a whole lot of information in FedMessage. So it's good to have it organized in some way. That's a large part of what HUBs does. It has widgets along the sides and then it's got the mainstream along the middle. If you didn't watch any of the other talks, I'm sorry, I'm not going to go any further detail than that. So for regional HUBs specifically, as you can see up here is a particular kind of HUB. And the context is one particular location in the world rather than a team or a project, a place. And within that place, okay, how do we help people become more involved in local meetups, local events, maybe hackathons if you can find them, different spaces that are for working on open source projects, whatever it is that you might have locally to you. How do we make it easier to find those and plan those and otherwise just be involved locally? That's the general idea behind regional HUBs. And then, you should go. No, no, you should go. I'm guessing it was trying to animate things and I just didn't remove the animation. That's all I can guess. But so this is what I actually meant earlier when I was talking about the visual design of the sample HUBs, a sample regional HUBs might look like. So you've got the title, you've got a brief description and then you've got a bunch of things that are happening in that group. And that's sort of the general idea of how it might look once it becomes real because this is very much pattern after other HUBs in Fedora, HUBs, too many words. Got it. So that's more or less what it looks like. If you would be interested in doing design work for Fedora HUBs, most of them want to talk to you. But this is sort of the kind of thing you might be expecting to be working with. So when I did the competitive analysis to figure out, okay, what are people doing now? We did a bunch of low-cos because they were very much like the idea of regional HUBs. They're basically AOK, local group, local community, local group, that's what it was. So it was like, okay, they're very similar. I want to see what they're doing, why they're doing it, how much of that I can also use. I also wanted to look at Meetup because Meetups are really, really well-known Meetup-based interface. I didn't want to only use those two because it wasn't enough things to use for comparisons. So I went and looked for some idea of, you know what I don't have one of? I don't have one of those. Can I have one of those? Because we have letters. And I'm sort of in the middle of one of those. So on the back of the page where you've got a nice table, we have letters to try and help you follow where we are in the, basically on the back of this page is a table where I attempted to give summaries of the various steps you might take in a user experience case study like we're doing here. And so what I just noticed is that I was talking about the A, the upper, this is left, upper left coordinate where it talks about, okay, research, new product in this space. And so I'm talking about the, yes, the first bullet point where I'm talking about competitive analysis.  And so the point of this was, okay, get a general idea of these websites. Find the parts that are relevant to us. Okay, what do they do around events? What do they do around meetups? How do they communicate within people on the site? Or don't they, some of them didn't. How do they support the ability to suggest a meetup or create your own meetup? Or whatever it is you might wanna do around events and meetups. Just to get an idea of the overall structure and ideas like some places were like, I don't want it to be a very easy thing for anybody to talk on. I want them to only meet in person. And City of Socializer was very much in that vein. They were very little discussion online. It was basically impossible to do. But they had a lot of go out and do things together. And that was sort of the point of their site. Whereas BigTent, oh, I found those two on a useful meetup event-based things search. So BigTent was just a site that seemed to be focused on making it really, really, really easy to create groups and events. So the creation process was great. But trying to read some of the sites was like, I don't know what I'm looking at. Cause there was no real structure. They weren't really thinking about the end user who wanted to actually find a meetup event. So there were lots of different aspects to each of these things. And I used a spreadsheet as you might expect to just sort them out and figure out what's going on. So with that information, I was able to say, okay, this is what's going on right now. What does that mean when I want to talk to our current users? And so the main question is, what are the each categories of things that they wanted to do? Events, meetups, et cetera, and how do they organize it and all that? So what kinds of questions do I want to ask? I want to know what people for Dora right now are doing relating to planning events, finding events, attending events, finding people to help out with events, all kinds of things around events, and whatever else they thought was relevant along those lines. And so we found ambassadors because ambassadors often plan events, but not always. And we were trying to include all of the regions, just cause I expected that things would vary depending upon region. So we have people as you can see, some of whom were actually in the room, who were on this list who I went and interviewed using remote interviewing tools. So the main goal there, right sorry, so I just told you more or less what we found, what we looked for. What we found was actually fairly extensive and detailed, so trying to summarize it might be a little difficult, but overall the major problem seemed to be there wasn't really any underlying structure already existing in a consistent location of people to use to organize, plan, find, et cetera, events in people. So that seemed to be one of the major issues. There was just not anywhere to do it, so you couldn't find information. Then that's the kind of things I sort of found while I was looking at my interviews, and then the question was okay, we know this, what do we want to do with this? What do we want to do with all the details that I collected? As I say, a lot of data, what does it mean? So myself and Mo and Matt Miller, I'm like, I'm pretty sure it's Miller, but now I can't remember, met up to discuss what it was that I found. I had done a reasonable amount of summarizing, so we just discussed combinations of what it was that I found, what it was that Fedora was already thinking around these various topics and doing around these various topics, and some ideas as to how we might maybe address these things. So we had a lot of information flying everywhere, and after that session was done, we were like, all right, so what are the questions we have to, what are the problems we might want to solve? We're not going to solve all of them. You can't solve all of them. We'll need to organize them and figure out which ones were relevant.  Now sorting them sort of just happens, like it's not going to be the same patterns you used when you first started analyzing your data and summarizing it. It's going to be between the two of you, or however many of you there are, where do we think there's logic to the sorting? And then once you've got things sort of settled out in the sorting, you might want to label them, just so it's easier to refer to the pieces. In this case, we ended up with six different general categories. And so from there, we're like, all right, we know where the categories are, but which ones do we focus on? At that point, we say, okay, we need to prioritize these things. Best way to do that is to make a grid, and just in this case, go by how many people are affected by it, and how bad the effect is. And so we discussed back and forth what we thought for each of the groups, which ones made the most sense in terms of what, who were affected by it, and how bad it was if they were affected by it, ended up with a couple of things in the most important section to look into further. We ended up with that, we just dove deep. We found out that one of the two highest priority things ended up being not well enough, not concrete enough. It was too nebulous to address right then. So we're like, okay, we'll keep this in mind as important, but we're not gonna actually do anything with it for the most part now. And for the other one, the local resources, resources scaling and finding and scalability, which is pretty much what I said earlier, finding things and figuring out how to do things with them, we went into a really deep dive on that, and said, okay, given that we wanna look into this, let's look at each of the sticky notes that we had in there, AKA each of the problems that were in there, and just investigate them further, figure out what we think these things mean, what they might mean in terms of actually implementing them or what they'll affect, that kind of thing. So that's how we got the first ideas of what we might wanna translate into a design, because in general, most of the things you wanna discuss in here are gonna be fairly visual things you're talking about in words. So trying to put them into a design structure, it makes it easier to talk about and understand, and it means you can say, hey, this is what I think is true. And somebody else might be like, oh, that's nothing like what I was thinking about. Wait a minute. And then you have something to compare against to say, hey, okay, so what do we actually mean by what we're saying? Where are we differing, and what are we similar on? And we can just use that visual illustration of it to adjust appropriately. So it's really important to translate your understanding as into a visual representation so that you actually end up on the same page. Right, now translating into design. So as I was saying, we were like, okay, so what do we do with this information? During our brainstorming session, we said, all right, we need to know what is our main goal with this particular category? What's our goal? We want anybody trying to find information that's local to them about Fedora to use hubs to find it, basically. I mean, it's longer than that out there, but that's the basic idea. And so, okay, what does that mean? What is the way we can tell that's happening? If people are looking at hubs to find the information they need for local resources, as a matter of course, if that's where they go, we did what we needed to do. That's pretty much the success measure. And so, in order to do that, we said, all right, from what we were seeing, we need to have lists of information that can be searched and sorted about people, Fedora members, events, as I was saying earlier, and although we didn't get to this part, a master list of regional hubs. You can find hubs related to what you want to do or be where you are or whatever. And so from there, I'm gonna go into a particular mock-up set because otherwise it's gonna be way too long. So in this case, I went into a really important part of this entire concept is locations. If you don't know where an event or a person is, there's no way you can make regional hubs work. It's just not gonna happen. You need to know where they are and where everything else is. So this is a very early mock-up of my attempt to figure out how to get people to either confirm or provide their location information to hubs. As you can see, it's fairly sketchy. There's a bit of uncertainty in a bunch of questions, but that's kind of what you do. You don't start with a perfect thing. You can't, it's not gonna work and it's easier to adjust things with feedback if they're very basic mock-up type stuff. So that was my first one. And then I was talking to Moe and she was like, hey, maybe you don't want to be doing these certain things that I was doing because they were sort of confusing. And then after a little bit of more discussion, we ended up with the one on the right. Making sure it was right on both screens. With the one on the right, where it's no longer about things you can click to go away.  And that's the kind of change you might see. You go from this, which is sort of weird looking, and this is a little better and that one looks more structured and easier to use. So that's the kind of thing you see as you get feedback and discussion and all that kind of thing. Obviously the one that's now is even better than this, but so then we ran into this problem. Locations are really complicated, especially when you're talking about international locations. Sometimes they're states, sometimes there's provinces, sometimes there's nothing, sometimes there's other things I can't remember the name of right now. There are so many possible things between a city and a street. So you can't easily just make a solution that will succeed for an entire international stage, at least not easily. So in our case, we're like, okay, we need to go address this. And so we had a long discussion, so long, it was good, but a long discussion. And we're like, all right, so what do we actually need to know? Do we care about street addresses? Honestly, no, not really because we're talking about near each other, which can mean a city or maybe even a county. I mean, it doesn't need to be to the level of street addresses. So we just said, okay, we're not gonna ask that. We don't need it. No privacy issue by not having it. Good, we can get rid of that. How about the weirdness between a city and a street or a city and a country? Like, how do we handle that? We're not sure, oh hey, we can put it on a map. And people can just know by looking at the map what the name of the state or province or whatever it is that they're actually in is. They don't need to type it in. If the utility uses GPS, it'll figure it out and show you this. If you don't, there are other ways we handle this. We did a bunch of ways to try and handle that, but that's the kind of idea behind it. We just completely changed the interface to ask people where they are. And then the question was, all right, what does the developer think of this all? Because of course, you don't wanna say, hey, make this thing and then have it impossible to make. You gotta talk to your developers. Interestingly, locations came up again in a different way. So in this problem, the question the developer had was okay, but how is the hubs going to be able to handle suggesting that people who are, we were thinking about having people who were near each other after a certain number of people near each other suggesting that a hub, a regional hub should be created. And he's like, I don't know how we would even do that. Like, I don't understand the concept enough. We didn't go into it in detail then, but that's one of the things that needs to be addressed again later because it's a potential significant issue. Without being able to suggest hubs, it suddenly gets a lot more complicated to make regional hubs. So then the question after we got the feedback from the developer is, okay, we need to test this out on users, because you always want to test it out on users. No users, you don't have any idea what's going on. So users are good. But the way to do that, you have to plan it out. In my case, we needed to plan out the session based on the kinds of things that I had in my mockups which I turned into prototypes. Okay, what can you actually do on the screen, right? If you don't know, you can't make a task. But once you know what the possibilities are, you say, okay, I can do these things on these different prototypes. Which ones are most important right now? Use that same little grid thing from earlier and figure out how to prioritize them and then figure out which particular pieces and which tasks that you come up with you actually need to know now. In this case, I was having a little bit of a hard time freezing things, which I'm always great at. And so I sent her a task for one of my prototypes, again, with the locations. And she's like, all right, this is a better way to put it, to make it easier for your user to actually know what you're asking them to do. So you will often need to adjust how you're phrasing, just so it's less confusing to your user. And then, after I did a bunch of usability sessions, we had some interesting, so this is one of the prototypes that I used. And in this one, the question was, okay, I have no idea if I know any of these people. I can't tell by looking at the screen. If the question, we were talking about, was going to Berlin and trying to find somebody to talk to and visit it while you're there and you don't know who you know already, that can be really hard to do. Like, well, who do I know? Who do I want to hang out with? Or, who would be fabulously interested in meeting up somebody they don't already know? Can't tell that either. So there were some major issues with, okay, how do I select somebody from this screen? And that's the kind of things I found out as part of the usability session, is just like really important stuff that I had not thought about at all. And that's the kind of thing you might find out in your own usability sessions. I have forgotten to continue updating you with letters, I'm sorry. And so there, we got to the point of doing usability sessions, looking at the data I found and doing a little bit of analysis. Unfortunately, we actually ended right then. And so the questions now are, okay, what do we do with this information? Do we do a little more research? Do we start doing some updating, probably updating the designs with the information I found and then more usability maybe. But the question is, what are we doing with what I have? And the answer is probably all three of those things. More research, more design, and more other things that I have forgotten because my brain isn't working. Analysis, that thing, analysis. So that's the kind of thing that we would go from here. I'm not sure yet which direction we'd go because we sort of stalled out because, A, our reach ended and B, hubs is still in process. So that's how far I got with that project and I talked really fast. But thank you. If anybody wants to help out in general with hubs or with design, hubs is obviously up there if you wanna reach, go to it. My portfolio relating to Fedora Hubs is a link on the front page of the handout I gave. We actually have a little bit of time left so I didn't do too badly. Does anybody have questions? Yes? Yes? Yes. We were building it on top of, the ticket was specifically about adding two Fedora Hubs, the ability to have local stuff. So we were trying to leverage it into the existing Fedora Hubs so Fedora Hubs itself is in process. So I'm not sure if I answered your question because I'm not sure how directly, yes? We did also, I mean, so the way that the design works is when you sign up for a Fedora account in the FAST system, we actually do have a way to store a user's GPS coordinates. So some of the map location stuff that is in the design is based on storing the coordinates there. So we would use that data store that's been in place for years in FAST. So we did use existing infrastructure where it existed and a lot of the new stuff is just because it didn't exist. One of the interesting things I found out when I was trying to figure out the location stuff is FAST asks you for your longitude and latitude and not your address because locations are so annoying. So anyway, more questions? Yes? I'm sorry, why'd you want to know? So the question was if we're talking about events or people, in my particular case, the stuff that I showed you was mostly people, but it's both. I just didn't have time to cover everything. Yes? And I do want to point out, Suzanne's portfolio link is on the handout. She wrote a series of excellent blog posts sort of walking through the design as she went through it and those are really great narratives that really dive a lot deeper into each aspect she talked about today that goes both into the design and the design process. The blog posts are separate from my portfolio, but there are links within the portfolio and there is also a link to my blog on the main page of that site. Anyone else? Did I go too fast? Go ahead. I'm sorry, what is the question? Know about them? So that was a good question because we had a hard time with it ourselves. We are probably not initially going to try to figure out events that are not in Fedora because finding them and pulling them in is hard. We are going to be trying to integrate stuff that is integratable, but mostly we're thinking that people will be creating the events in hubs and that will automatically propagate it throughout hubs. Cause, yeah, that's a very good question. Anyone else? Okay. Well, thank you very much for coming and for having questions.


Your Coca-Cola bottler presents Claudia based on the famous play and novels by Rose Franken Brought to you transcribed Monday through Friday by your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola Relax and while you're listening refresh yourself. Have a coke and now Claudia Eastbrook Center or seven You please give me mr.. David Norton's he's room 14 Norton's residence Norton's residence. I would like to speak to mr.. David Norton one moment, please I'll see it. He's here. He'd better be or I'll tell the doctor on him He is not under the bed, ma'am. Well look in the bed. Oh Yes, there he is In the bed on his back Who should I say is calling just tell him it's his wife see his wife not a game Yes, again one moment, please I'll see if he wishes to speak to you again. Dolly. Well better with speak to me Well, Claudia old thing puff puff.  Oh, you dope. I think your concussion is more serious than dr. Barry thinks I think it defected your brain. Where do you think my concussion was then you're feeling better? Who says I'm feeling better your butler says What does he know about me darling? Please are you are you not feeling better? What's it to you? Everything then yes, I suppose I am feeling better. You didn't even have to tell me I knew and why did you ask? Because I like here you say it that's so terrible. It's weak-minded everything about me is weak-minded about you Do you miss me? Do you love me? Would you like me to come over and see you tonight?  Nothing just lying here waiting for dr. Barry to come. What are you doing? Nothing not waiting for anybody to come Bobby. He's fine. He's asleep Pouring rain out. It's all wet What has that got to do with Bobby? What do you think? Oh? The rainy wish I were asleep too. Why don't you go to bed and take a nap?  Oh Well, what are you going to do now? I don't know wait for dinner Later, I'll drive over and see you when the rain stops. I'll drive carefully here Have to use the pickup the car is not back from the garage yet Maybe I'll let Fritz drive me in the truck even better than I won't have to lie here and worry about you Oh, here's dr. Barry now. I have to hang up David. Don't hang up yet. What is it dog? Nothing? Except I love you Tell Fritz to drive carefully. Bye. Good. Bye Aren't you nosy? I learned it from you talking to David again. Why not again poor phone bill? Sounds a lot better dr. Barry just walked in to see him. Did you give him my love? Who dr. Barry mama? He's a married man. Yes dr. Barry. Of course. That's who I meant. Nope. I didn't give him your love Oh Rain was nice when David was home. It is feel more together the same rain. No It is It's raining in the morning the accident David and I were complimenting ourselves on how cozy it made us feel how secure Now I feel as if you and I were sitting in an island in the middle of a big ocean of rain All alone clear tonight. What are you doing? Well, I think I might as well start going through the bills are starting to come in Seeing it's almost the first of the month. Would you like me to do it? You can just sign the checks I do not want you to do it. I keep the budget in this family poor David has to spend three hours trying to balance the checkbook This time I'm going to do it right There's no reason why I shouldn't be able to add as well as the next man No, no reason, but do you but I'm not a man. Am I? now, let me see and bills Heavens mom every month this pile gets bigger wait. Do you see next month's with David's husband? Oh, don't mention it Oh, well, I'm certainly not going to worry about that now. We still have David's bonus. We haven't touched anyway I'm not going to worry about money mama. I have plenty of other things to worry about for once. You're right I'll show up and pay your bills. I want to count the number of stitches. I purled onto the needle. No, I Thought it was the country I like about living on a farm isn't it? No, I don't think so. I think it's David.  What are you trying to talk yourself into? I don't know. I guess I'm just being silly I guess I just miss David. That's all Not having him here makes me feel the rest of the world just doesn't care and get back to your bills Stop thinking so much after dinner. I'll drive over to the hospital. That's what I'll do already seen him twice today Do you begrudge me a little visit with my husband? He's supposed to rest That's what I keep telling him. I gave up Mrs. Norton Where are you hiding? We're right here in the living room. Mr. Tucker. Come on in. I mean the door was open so I mean I Come over to make a social call good. Hey, oh, Mrs. Brown. Good to see you, Mr. Tucker Always good to see you ma'am. Yeah, give me a coat. Mr. Tucker.  Give me a coat.  I was going upstairs Yeah, she sure is a fine cut of a woman your mother Mr. Tucker, how would you like to see my son? Frankly, Mrs. Norton. I ain't got no use for mule and babies even though I'd be yours Oh, at least you're honest about it. Mule and babies remind me too much of my sister. Delilah no teeth and short dispositions Well now young lady, how's your husband? I just talked to him on the phone. He seems a lot better Yeah, I guess the times are coming for me to be gone to see him. It'll cheer him up. It will dwell I'm sure it will. No, I don't believe in hospitals never been in one myself Don't have to have my teeth pulled. I just let him fall out when they're good and ready I don't even go to have my tonsils taken out. I still have them just where the grove I suppose when a man gets into an automobile accident the hospital's the only place for him for Dr. Barry said he really should stay there a while. There ain't never been an automobile accident in my whole family They never been an automobile Till just recently Yeah, it's a terrible thing when an accident happens in the family terrible thing Here today and gone tomorrow. Well, we're still here today. Thank goodness Slower to make quite a dent. Oh, you should see our car. It's still being fixed Oh, I I don't mean I don't mean an offender, but the dollars don't come a rolling in like the should what a man's flat onto his back still Named easy That that's trouble with marriage. What is yep? I near made the same mistake myself ten or twelve times near got myself tied up with a woman and a bunch offsprings But just when I was standing there teetering on to the brink I says to myself Jared Tucker What if you got hit with one of them their new fangled automobiles? Who's gonna take care of the wife and the little one? You certainly were far-sighted That was the one thing that never crossed my mind David's either. I'm sure now Is it say you never think a tragedy until it shakes your hand except Jared Tucker? He thought of it to such a point that it never shook your hand Might have missed a bit of something for not marrying, but I missed a bit of something else, too I'd rather take my chances with life.  Oh, not not this kind of rain I hope you never get caught in any other kind mr. Tucker. Oh don't matter so much about me I'm still plenty strong and young I can fight my way through any rain But it's your poor helpless females that need help women and children like you like me. Yes, miss Norton I don't quite know how to say it or put it I ain't used to playing this role, but it seems to me like you're caught in the rain So I've rung over part of what what's accumulated in my sock Mr. Tucker, I'm not sure I understand what you mean. I don't like to be blunt Mrs. Norton this ain't charity I'm offering because I ain't a charitable man be nature I just thought you might need a few well few a few a few dollars to help you along until Mr. Norton Mr. Norton's back on to his feet again You mean you're you're offering to lend me money. No, no, he ain't hurt. Are you? I know young folks is proud and hate to accept their bar of money But I ain't all in it to you to make you feel bad. I'm giving it to you to make you feel good Someday I might even let you do the same to me if that'll make you feel better Mr. Tucker, that's one of the sweetest things that anybody's ever offered me. I Just wished I needed your money. I love to accept it, but unfortunately I don't need any You sure that now? Yeah, I'm sure Believe me. I'm sorry. Maybe I maybe I can manage things so in a few weeks I will need some help from you, but right now I don't so All I can do is thank you a million times for your offer.  No, I'm not. I'm being flattered. Well Just call me in case you ever need it. It's here for you and I yeah, I hope Mrs. Norton, I hope you'll take it. I'll take it. I promise and Mr. Tucker, I want to thank you from the bottom of my heart Oh, thank Mrs. Norton. He ain't got nothing to thank me about why you ain't took the money I offered No, I didn't take the money, but it's the offer I think You're doing a heck of a lot of thanking for nothing, you know this time. It's not for me and it's not for the offer Something a lot greater.  Oh That's probably David now Hello David just a minute darling. Let me talk that young rascal. I got a thing or two I want to tell him about his wife. He don't get out of that hospital quick He'd better not say I didn't warn him Yep, you're the kind of girl I've been sparked, you know, Mr. Norton. He should never forget how lucky he is You with you got a right smart head on your shoulders Even if you have help around the house There are probably a good many duties that fall to you unless your life is unlike that of most American housewives today Whatever your duties cooking cleaning laundering dishes, you'll find that a pause for ice-cold coca-cola Enables you to work refreshed The six bottle carton of coke is still only 25 cents better pick up a carton next time you're out Wait a minute there young fella. Oh, Mr. Tucker. Oh, he's glad to have a chat with you, Mr. Tucker You've been over to the hospital to see Mr. Norton yet. No, no, I haven't not yet Oh, I ain't either been been kind of busy around here, you know Well, actually, I don't think David should have too many visitors yet to you. No, guess not I guess his wife needs him instead of him. I Think you're right. No, I'll be around tomorrow Mm-hmm, and uh If you hadn't heard before you know now so will Paradiso What about the barn? Oh? I'll take care of that. I'll see you tomorrow. Yes, and that means fireworks. Okay, Mr. Tucker. See you then As I was about to say every day Monday through Friday Claudia comes to you transcribed With the best wishes of your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola So listen again tomorrow at the same time And now this is Joe King saying au revoir and remember Whoever you are whatever you do wherever you may be When you think of refreshment think of Coca-Cola or Coca-Cola makes any pause the pause that refreshes and ice-cold Coca-Cola is everywhere These broadcasts are adapted for radio by mania star and the entire production is supervised and directed by William Brown Maloney And now here's a word from your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola


Hello. Okay, so hello everybody. I am Kuan from Vietnam. Today I talk about Customized Debian for Raspberry Pi and Bigo Bon Bon because I work in IoT. So he pre-introduction about me. So I work for a project in First Asia, the Susie Leeroves, and I have a startup about agriculture technology. So why I come to my Debian is because our project use some Raspberry Pi and Bigo Bon Bon. And we need to remove some components we don't need. For example, when I buy Bigo Bon Bon, they have some pre-increased software and we don't like it. I want to remove it to have a bigger one. And also the installation of our software to the board takes very long time. So we want to customize it to include our software. And we want to change some default config because it's the default config buggy like the bug with Abahi and the bug with Conman. And we also want it to be automatically built when we update our software code. So there is some hindrance about doing this. It's for family like Raspberry Pi and Bigo Bon. They have it's our way to customize the OS. So there is no common way. And the view strips are very different. I will show how. Now we see the Bigo Bon Bon. Here is the original view strip. This view strip is used for many variants of Bigo Bon like Bigo Bon Black, Green, Blue. And this strip can only run on a real hardware. We cannot run in our PC via KMU. And the last link is my customization. So this is my need to customize it. We want to add some depth view repository. This repository hosts our software package. Like we want to use Python 3.6. But the original repository only have Python 3.5. That's why we have to add the additional repository. And we want to remove some software that we don't need like Bonescript, Cloud9. We want to remove the default documentation. And there are some Python packages that we want to include. But we want to build but that package will need some other library. So we want to include those library to have building Python package faster. So how to do it here? These are the five that we need to customize the first. You see that this is our original, this is our strip. This one is copy from this one. We copy from this one and do some chain. The next one is in the chain root folder. So we have this is the original strip. We copy this and modify it and become this. And we write one more strip to compile those. The content of this new strip is to run, this is the main strip and then do some additional job like create the SD card image and generate some files to have the image faster like the B map. When you flash the image to the card normally you use the DD but the DD takes a long time. So the Python project they invent a new tune called B map tune. So that B map tune will read some B map file and will have flashing the image faster. And we also want to compress the image file so that we can let other people to download it. Here is for Raspberry Pi. The process of customization for Raspberry Pi is different. Here you can see the build strip of Raspberry Pi. What good about Raspberry Pi build strip is that it can run under KMU and Docker. It means that you can run in your PC but because KMU cannot emulate the ARM processor fully. So when I customize it, my build strip cannot run in KMU because it use some system code that KMU does not support. And the Raspberry build strip is better organized than the big one because it is free to multiple stages. So you build each stage after each stage you move to this stage and this stage this stage. So when you make some changes in one stage you just rebuild that stage you don't have to go over again. So it will save you a lot of time. And the stage two is to produce the control operating system without guide. And the stage three plus is to produce the desktop OS. But our application doesn't need desktop, doesn't need UI. So our needs are very similar to the build board that we want to include some repository. We want to include some rebuild with binary file for Python packages. And because this board is used in the first year, so the main purpose is to include the security software. Here is the building process. So you can see that it is free to many stage. So when you change in one stage it will rebuild. You don't have to go from the beginning in build again. And because our project doesn't need desktop OS so we want to modify somewhere between the stage two and stage three. Here so the Python allows us to create one middle stage. This is stage 1.5 and it will run before stage three. So before producing the desktop OS. And in this stage we just have a similar structure with other stage. Like we have this file. This one is to list the package that to be installed by UpGrid. And this one is the script that will be run inside chain root. Here our main instance script for Sushi root to be run. And here this is just to have some cleanup job. Like because inside this script we start some system D service. So in this script we stop the service to let the chain root exit cleanly. And this one is just this is just to inform Python that at this stage we need to produce the image file. And this one is just a copy of other stage. This task is to copy the file produced by previous stage. So when we do it and we find some problem and here is the experience to show that problem like inside chain root don't restart the system D or depth D.  And the depth D will block you from unmount those folders. So you have to avoid starting depth D. And if your application needs Java you need to remove Java first and then install again. I don't really know how this can solve the problem. And in our project we also do some further customization. So this customization requires our to modify some files outside our stage. Like we want to compress the image with HS. The default build script, the original build script is to produce the GIF. But we found that GIF file does not help you to to flush the image to the SD card faster. Because with GIF file you have to unzip it to a file and then use that file to flush to the card. But for HS it helps you uncompress on the fly and right to the card. It saves more time. And we also have a different naming scheme with our file, our image. Here I want to show you how it works in the practice. This is the result of those build scripts that we use to build series. Here this is the result in the first file when we list the package to be installed by the update. Here the update is turning our package. It's very long. Okay. So my talk is finished. Do you have any questions? So you don't have questions. Thank you.


When I take biology classes, I'm assigned big chunks of textbook readings every week. Some of the ideas in these readings are new, while others are familiar ones I've already seen before. To save time and increase efficiency, I vary my reading speed. When reading about the nervous system, basic neuron anatomy is usually covered. I could skim through that because I have seen this information several times. But when the book dives into the action potential in detail, like the sodium-potassium channels, I should slow down and read closely to understand all the steps.


The Zookeeper's Wife might just be the most female-friendly film to come out in 2017, and here's why. German troops come every morning. You can't make a sound. The Zookeeper's Wife is interesting because it is a period film, and it takes place at such a specific time and place. Everything about this film is inspired by Antonina Zbenska, who was herself both very, very soft and very, very strong. And I don't think those two things are mutually exclusive. You can never tell who your enemies are. In a character like Antonina, we see somebody whose love and compassion goes up against the forces of extreme evil and darkness. And it shows me that love is as powerful a force as evil. And this was a wonderful, very new way to tell the story of the Holocaust. I could take your prize animals to Germany as a loan. We give them sanctuary.  And when the war is over, I can return them to you. But what if the war comes to Germany? What are some, like, tips or viewpoints or guidelines you can give to young women watching this who want to get into the film business? First and foremost, I'm a director. I'm not a woman director. But, you know, I made a movie and 13 years ago now called North Country with Charlize Theron.  You're not hearing that, are you? So let's try something new.  And at that time, there were only four of us in that year, which happened to be four percent, and it's not lost on me that 13 years later, the statistic hasn't changed. Femininity has all too often been equated with weakness, and it's anything but. I throw the challenge down to those who hire to get women in the room. How do you feel like this period film relates to now? When we were shooting it in 2015 in Central Europe, the migrant crisis was gaining momentum all around us and all of us working on the movie were having the uncomfortable feeling that what we were making was a lot more contemporary than we thought. Now we get to 2017 and none of us could have predicted where we would be, and how disturbing the parallels are to 1930s Poland, which is the period of time that starts this story. Nikki, where can people see the film and when can people catch the zookeeper's life? People can see the zookeeper's wife all over the country. It's playing now. What have you been up to in your little zoo? If you want to learn more, keep coming back to Hipfix on Uproxx.


That's not good. We're running about 380 pounds of head pressure there. Okay, so we got us a cooler here. It's warm, thermostat set of 40. I can feel the solenoid is hot, so it should be open letting the refrigerant through and the coil's dirty. So that needs to be cleaned off yet. So we got to go up on the roof and see what's going on. So it's very windy out here. Make sure you guys are strapping your ladder. So we get up here. It's not running. First thing I see is a high-pressure switch there. Can't help but wonder have we tripped out the high-pressure switch. And look at that. So the fans are running. I can feel some massive heat coming out of there really. I wonder if those coils are really dirty. That's not good. We're running about 380 pounds head pressure there. Got a head pressure control there. Looks like it is a LHC4. Can't really get my hands in there very easily to feel on it whether or not feel how hot it is coming through. But I mean it's definitely hot. Kind of curious here. It's like somebody else has probed it. I put the door up the cover up here and it kind of held it. Sucked it in pretty good.  I'm looking through and I'm not seeing any daylight. So I'm gonna see if I got water available. If not I'm gonna nail this thing with some nitrogen and blow it out. It's definitely not gonna last long at that. So they have a wash basin in there we can tie into. I've got a 75 foot rubber hose and I've got 250 foot and then I got another 50 foot. So we should be able to hit that thing no problem. I use the Husky whole straps here they work out rather well. So got that there and use a little adapter like they used to use for water beds and stuff like that. So that allows me to get on to the spigot and adapt on to it. So basically this right here let's put that on there and you're good to go. So I'll go ahead and get that on there and we'll wash that thing out. Get all the gunk out of it. Went over there try to get out the door.  I got an adapter here this could be very dangerous so I don't recommend doing it. But that's the reason why I use a hose that doesn't have an end on it. Otherwise the regulator cranks it down so low and slows your flow down to the point where it just doesn't come out fast enough to really get a coil clean.  So I'm not dealing with that. We're just gonna blow it out. Okay so I blew it both directions. I don't have my GoPro up here. Let's see what kind of difference that made for us. Yeah it still ain't that great. I can see daylight through it so I'm starting to wonder if my headmaster would be It tripped again. Got your hot gas coming into the condenser coil. Coming out of the condenser coil. Coming into the bottom of the headmaster control. That's gonna be our first probe. That's gonna be what would be normally our liquid line. You have the hot gas coming off the T coming into here. This is gonna be going to the receiver so we're gonna reset it. And if we got a lot of gas coming through here and not a whole lot coming out of there. This is my liquid. This is the hot gas which in reality if it's deadheading there it shouldn't be traveling down here getting hot. We're gonna reposition this over here. See here? The liquid coming out, coming out the same temperature it's going on through the valve. Yeah so our liquid coming in and going out is the same temperature. Basically just hotter than heck. This right here is gonna be our hot gas running 170 something. So our headmaster is not acting up. Let's see what we got. Almost 80 pounds. 404. I need to convert that my chart here because I don't remember exactly what that comes out to be in. That's my fans aren't doing their job. That one's a little stronger. They both feel like they're pulling it out. I'm kind of curious to know what my pressure is there if maybe I got restriction going on through the headmaster but I doubt it. Pretty much the same pressure up here. That's not good either. So 80 pounds comes out to be in about 35 degrees. So the cooler is very warm but I blew that out even more and you can see right through those. Checking the amperage. He's rated for about a half an amp and I checked the capacitors. They're both a little weak about half. There supposed to be two and basically they're one and a half and 1.4. So I held on to them. I moved the blades back. None of it seems to make a difference. Today's about 85-90 degrees. Discharge temperature is 175 and the liquid temperature is 120. The fans are an issue because everything else pressure-wise looks pretty normal. It's because of the frames per second that the phones are recording that. Basically I think it might be something to do with my cooler being so warm because 36 degrees saturation on the suction there. Suction's high. Head's gonna be high. Came down some. I'm gonna go down there and clean up my evaporator while this thing's dropping in temperature and see if that comes down. Like I said it's it's warm in there. It's 70 plus degrees in that cooler. Okay thanks to the brush and the Milwaukee Sweeper. Got a nice clean coil now. Looks pretty good. So we got her all cleaned up. That'll move some good airflow through now. Gonna go up there and see what kind of pressures we got now as this thing started to drop. It's like 50 degrees area. 52 degrees. Alright so we're about 91 out here. So our condenser temperatures are 20. We're coming out. Grease over ambient bars are actual liquid temp. It's coming down some. This feels like fans could do a little better. I've got an RPM gauge tachometer. I can check them to see if they're spinning the speed they need to be spinning. But since I've got to do a PM on the HVAC over here I might just go ahead and get me two new capacitors and get two new filters for this thing. Then I can check this thing over which it's working good. You see her sweating downstairs. They got it like an igloo down there. We'll check the belts and things like that. You can see she's sweating pretty good. I need to finish checking a few things on that yet. But it's coming down and it's not tripping now. 350. So it's coming down pretty quick. And it's supposed to trip at 418. I think it's tripping a little sooner than what it should too. And that's slipping pretty good. You can see the arch. It's got the slippy slip going on there. At least they're using a clogged style belt. Not horribly wore. You can see the burning belt going on in here. So I need to tighten that up. You can see these are getting pretty bad too. Looking a little dirty. So they just blow them out for now until we get back out here and get them in. Doesn't need to be replaced. See how our make-up area is. It's got a little bit of an opening there. Not too bad. If that don't look horrible, it's seen worse. So we got that tightened up. Looks a lot better. Might just see if I can make it to the supply house sometime. Get this done. Clean that out. See it's got all kinds of crap down in there. Work for these contractors when they build these buildings to put a water across so we can actually worse these things out and maintain them. You'd think of all the codes and stuff that they worry about the stupidest things. Alright, so I replaced just one to see if it made a difference. We're already down to 330. So I'm gonna go ahead and replace the other one. Be done with it. You can see all the oil on this. That came from somewhere. That's like a motor. So we're gonna change that and hopefully before the storm hits. So we're hustle, hustle here. Rotter down to 310. It's made a huge difference. Got everything all strapped up looking good. Clouds are gonna hit here any minute now. So we're gonna get this sucker back together. Gotta throw these filters back in for now. I didn't have time to change them. We just got to come back. Everything's gonna close by now anyway. And they'll be fine until then. It's not like they're plug solid. Alright guys, so it's gonna wrap this one up. Got it all back together. I think I'm gonna go ahead and replace that pressure switch because it only hit about 400. So it's off about 20, 30 pounds. And with way things are, I really can't have, you know, that tight tolerance. So I'm probably gonna go ahead and just get that pressure switch replaced in addition to everything's dropping and temp and it's coming down quickly. And then we just got to come back anyhow for that. And you can tell it's doing really good. It's pulling the nasty humidity out and everything. So just pretty much in about the nick of time there. So it's gonna bust loose any minute now. Alright, so it's slowly coming down. There's a lot of liquid in here that has to drop in temperature. Got all of this. It was all at 70 degrees. I think it was when I got here. So it's coming down quite a bit. It's gonna take a little bit of time yet. But that's gonna wrap this one up. You guys like the video and you want to see more like it, please give it a thumbs up. Don't forget to subscribe if you haven't already and click that notification bell. And until next time guys, we'll catch you on the next one.