from home in Houston. So the struggle is so real. I know y'all know this. I know we're preaching to the choir. The choir, let's sing. Let me explain this to you. In the blue category is housing, we're going to talk about housing cost burden. In the blue category is someone who is housing cost burden. They spend 30% of their monthly income on rent or mortgage and utilities. In the red section, if you are severely housing cost burden, that means you spend more than 50% of your monthly income on rent or mortgage and utilities. So these are the extremely low, the poorest of the poor. And this is telling us that 67% of the poorest people are housing cost burden. In the second category, the very low income, the blue section, 30% of their monthly income goes towards housing, 26%. There's 50% of their monthly income goes towards housing. This is the majority of these income categories are housing cost burden. The majority of people are housing cost burden. In your low income, again, 30% are spending 30% of their monthly income, 70% are spending 50% of their monthly income on housing. All of these, most of these people are housing cost burden in these categories. So when you're housing cost burden, that means you're piling up, you're in overprouded situations, you're in some standard housing, or you're in a place with cheaper rents, but it won't meet the needs because it has poor schools, no access to jobs, and things like that. This is how real the struggle is. And I was one of them, I was spending on 50% of my income on rents. And that was really tight when you have to decide whether, okay, I have to pay rent, but I need to go to the doctor and my co-pay is $60, or my baby needs diapers, my baby needs milk. These are the situations that I had and thank God for family that helped out because I can have another way to pay for it. And I got a master's degree, so don't tell me to get another job. I did what y'all told me to do, and when I came out, it was no job. So you take the job that you can, but then you're underemployed. These are the situations that make the struggle so real for all of us. So the growth in Houston, I know y'all are like, oh, Houston's growing, Houston's moving, Houston's this, Houston's that, and all of that's true. And we did, just like it says here, in HUD's American Community Survey from the years 2000 to 2014, the city grew 11% in population and housing grew 16.8%. So what's the problem, right? It wasn't an issue about the supply. We couldn't find the type of houses at the right price, at the location for everybody. That was the issue. It did not help the force of the poor. So let me tell you what, yes, our population grew, as I said, but look where it grew. It grew with the lowest, the highest pro, the population grew with the poorest people that did not have housing. So if you wanted to bedroom, I know you're going to laugh, but please keep in mind that our minimum wage is still 7.25. It's not $10 like it is here. And I think New York is $9 an hour. So if you wanted to bedroom in Houston, the fair market rate is $976 a month. And you will have to make our housing wage is $18.77 an hour or $39,000 a year. But if you only earn that $7.25 an hour, you will have to work over 100 hours a week just to afford a two-bedroom apartment because a minimum wage worker can only afford $377 a month for rent. So somebody tell me where there's rent for $377. I might eat you there. You can't run faster than me. Not when it comes to that. So where do you live matters? It matters to our kids. So these graduation rates, one is Trinity Gardens. Trinity Gardens in Houston is important. Where the average home value is maybe $70,000. Very poor, these and every schools in Trinity Gardens. And so you can see the graduation rate is 61%. But in the museum part, very trendy, close to public transit, very nice and very lovely. Their average home value is over $280,000. And their graduation rate is 66%. And so it shows you that where you live matters because our children live in good neighborhoods and a nurtured success. When the older a child is, when their family moves from a low opportunity area to an area with high income ability, the less they gain from the earlier the kids move, the better they move. And so when things are, when properties are NIMBY, we're not only NIMBY low income residents. You're NIMBY police officers, firefighters, medical workers, their families suffer too. When affordable homes are opposed, it sends a message that it is okay for the low income to provide services that make our lives easier. Things like that happy feel that you pick up for your kids on your way home from work.  You're saying, yes, I want these services. But as soon as you clock out, go back to your side of town. And that's not fair, because we trust people to watch our kids. We trust people to cook our food. You have to trust someone to eat their food, but you don't trust them to live next door to you in a community that they're already there because they're already working. What sense does that make? Can somebody make sense of that? No one here. It's not for you to depart. So we're going to talk about the who. Who benefits from affordable homes? And these are the people who benefit from affordable homes.  To get a better understanding of the people who benefit. Here are their professions, their yearly earnings, and what they can afford to pay for housing, okay? So these people are not free loaders. They're working, right? Everybody up here has a job. Everybody up here has services that we need. We need to police officer. We need a firefighter teacher. We do need that Starbucks employee and we do need that nursing assistant, but they are not able to afford even an efficiency. This nursing assistant, she cannot even afford an efficiency because the efficiency in Houston is $700 a month, but she can only afford $635 a month for rent. That would be 30%. So she would be housing cost for a living and an efficiency, okay? And you can forget the police officer and the firefighter being able to buy a house. I already said the average sales price in Houston is $302,000. At their salaries, they cannot afford to purchase a home in Houston. So when we did this campaign, we had some PSAs that we did, and we used real people. We had a whole advisory committee. You should see it as beautiful. They said use real people to tell this story. So these are real cities for employees. This is a 911 dispatcher, and this is a firefighter. He's an inflow of firefighters. So our PSAs ask the question, can I be your neighbor? Because that's what they're asking. They're asking, can I be your neighbor when they want to move in? So put the facts with the question. And then we said, this is an emergency dispatcher. Her average annual wage is this. She can only afford to do this, and she can't afford it. And as a matter of fact, she can't afford it, because these are two emergency personnel. So it was really bad. And you said, I don't know if y'all heard. Let a hurricane come through. We might be watched out the face of the earth, okay? But when that happens, these two people are essentially employees. They have to do to work immediately. So they need to live where they serve. She could only live where she served in a one bedroom apartment.  So it's her and her child in a one bedroom apartment, because they can't afford a two bedroom, where the office is where she works. And the firefighter, he works in a high opportunity area, very trendy area, where the rents are 25 to 3000 a month in rent, okay? So because I can't even live in Houston at all. And he has to get to work if something happens. So this is what real people are going through. So this is someone who actually did benefit from affordable homes. She was lucky enough to get a housing towards voucher through Houston Housing Authority.  She was recently divorced. This is Chrissy Kirkendall. She was going to school full time and working two full time jobs and had four kids, okay? She did that thing. She was on her voucher. She went through the self-sufficiency program through the Housing Authority. She got on her feet. They gave her down payment assistance, and she bought that house. Now she's a college graduate. And on top of that, this sister girl is a board commissioner of the Housing Authority. This is why we do what we do. For people like this, we don't want to say, oh, it's nothing but freeloaders. She's not a freeloader. And the people that are very, very small, we do it for people like her. This is why we envy. So who want to play a game? Because I want to show you how Houston envies, okay? I want you to tell me which home is the important home. Which home was the one that was billed as public funds? So we're going to go. Is it the home on the left or the home on the right? Show of hands. Which one says the one that we invested in is affordable? Is it the one on the left? Show of hands, but the one on the right? It is the home on the left. These are affordable homes. These are a village of South Acres. There are two families, I think some of them are due flexors as well. We actually helped incentivize that. And this is a market rate home in a similar area. I think the market rate home is going for 165 to 245. Yes, I know it's cheap. I see the list on your head. Like, what is their problem? Their housing is cheap. We're over here suffering. We know we're suffering too. We're just suffering on another level. So I know we're cheap. Okay, so let's play another one. This is a multifamily property. Which one is important? The one on the left? Show of hands. The one on the right? Wrong. No, they're right. They're right. 6,000 a month. And the one on the right is our village of home center. We're very happy about this. This has 200 affordable units and 22 market rate units because we like to mix the in-homes. Right. Okay, so this one has a fitness center. They have apartments and townhomes. It includes retail on the first floor. This is the type of stuff that we build. And there are more cleaning properties too. Okay, so since y'all guessed them all right, I will just show you some pictures of things that we have done. This is another multifamily apartment complex that we help invest in. These are some of our single-family homes that we built in our neighborhood stabilization program where we got abandoned homes or foreclosed homes and we either renovated them or we demolished and we built them up. And so we have a popular builder and he's been called Mayberry. And these are some Mayberry homes that he built. And these homes were sold for no more than 140,000. And there are three bedroom and four bedroom homes, two baths. So these are some more of the Mayberry homes that we've done. These are some duplexes that we've had as well. And this, you will never believe, this is a single-room occupancy facility where it's just one room for one person to help make someone who is homeless transition back into permanent supporter housing. That's 2424 Sacramento State. And that's an award-winning building. We won architectural awards. It's LEED certified building. This is what we do here in Houston. So it's just some more of our Mayberry homes. So another way we do, we do help homeowners as well because homeowners can experience problems with their home when they fall into ill repair and they're older and on a fixed income and they can't repair their home. So we do minor home repair. We replace roofs, windows, plumbing, electricity. We do all those minor home repairs. And we also do home replacement. We will demolish a home if it costs too much to repair the home as it is. We'll demolish it like this home. You can tell that has some foundation issues. Well, we blew it up, knocked it over, built them a new one. And our disaster recovery, I told you we flooded. So we had a lot of disaster recovery money came in and we were able to build about almost 300 homes for some homeowners. Yeah, this is how we envy. So you can help with homeless prevention and wrapping healthy. This is another single room occupancy facility called Temenos that we built. We're very proud of this project. We're always proud to get someone off the streets and into a suitable place to live. So to conclude, thank you. Thank you. Thank you for having us here. We're glad to be here in California. And we do do these educational presentations. Maybe we've come to visit some of y'all. If you ask me, I will come. I like that. Thank you for allowing me to preach to the choir. We also are planning an affordable homes tour because we feel like the only way to try and reduce the stigma of affordable housing is to invite nannies. Put them on a bus and bring them to an apartment and say, this is what this looks like. No, it's not filled with trash. No, there are not a lot of terminals here. No one does not bring down the property value. This is where affordable homes work. So we want to do that with nannies and nannies. This don't remember and we're going to do activities with the residents so that they can meet people and say this person could be a family member. This person could be a friend of mine and they're just normal like everyone else trying to take care of their families, trying to work hard and trying to do and be better for society. So that's what we have coming up in November. We also have a website that you can visit us at. We have our PSAs. We have five of them that we have online.  And also we have a say yes survey. We'd love for you to take the survey. If you could go to our website, I'm sure that you have the address. Does anyone have any questions that I may be kidding answer? I saw him for a question. In terms of where housing is going to be built, is it going to be outside of the interstate or where is it happening? Housing is being built everywhere. It's just not getting built at the prices that everyone can afford. It seems like the builders are just building at $200,000 and up and really $330,000 in the forwards. There's nothing under $200,000 and what is under $200,000 are condos and town homes and it doesn't shake everyone's needs to live there. And there are few in far between and very repetitive and they go really fast. So we're building everywhere. We're just not building at the right price for every income level. Questions? I was going to ask where does the city of Houston get the funding to do so much creation as well as the assistance for repairs or the redevelopment? We get federal funds. We get first spending CDBG, community development block grants for spending home funds. We have local dollars that we use. This is we're using federal dollars for the most part. We really don't have very much local funds since we get a lot of grants from we've been $22 million in CDBG alone I think and I think about $910 million in the home each year. Any more questions? Sir? So we put up the slide about the affordable one and I noticed like when it was the house everybody kind of didn't know what to get into. It was the larger building. It was a lot of people guessed it correctly and actually like I guess the one on the right and I wanted to mention why that was and ask if you're like this has anything to do with well I'll say one of those things. The problem I've often had with the CDCs and non-profits that built affordable housing in Boston has been that for various reasons related to their funding and the fact that they often they are a little bit wary of gaining stigma of building market rate housing. They often will build shorter buildings than the density actually the zoning actually allows or then probably they could get away with in the neighborhood given what the planning board tends to approve and I wanted to know if that's a problem. We don't have zoning so you mentioned that you're taking the slideshow on the road to like home work associations and civic groups and like personal clubs and that kind of thing. How's that been going? What have you talked to so far? What's the reaction? We've just started being presented to the city council to give their buy-in first and now our next educational presentation we're going to be moving into the neighborhood this month so I'm nervous. Yeah that I'll probably get some rotten tomatoes or some rotten heads of lettuce thrown my way but I can duck and dodge and bob and use my weight. Yeah the question. And it seems like there's been a lot of struggle in San Francisco and I don't know if this is true in other places to establish trust between pro-housing activists who want to come out and really do really want to celebrate affordable housing and the affordable housing developers who are wary of intentions I guess and you know and we're working on building that by showing up and saying you know we don't need a gold star we're just going to keep showing up over and over and over again but I'm wondering what your experience has been with that and what is your experience or getting more people to come out and support you and your projects in general? We're going to find out because we're the ones that's not trusted because we're the government that has done some of these things and caused the situations so that's been my problem is people don't trust me so if y'all can help me figure out people to trust us more that would help. That's what we're facing right now is we're trying to get in and people are like no they don't even some yippies and when I was calling Ken was very nice to speak to me but there were some that were hesitant like why are you calling but we wanted to be the government and say hey we get it we understand let's do this together instead of people coming yelling at us we want to say no join us and let's find ways to make housing more affordable for Houston. No Zoni why do you care what the neighbors say? Because we have to care. Because city council cares. We are the municipal government so we have to be not biased we have to be neutral we can't choose a side as much as I would love to because I have a gimme part that burns Sophie but I have to be neutral and say we care and I do care what everyone thinks. It's not fair to exclude their opinions too even though we feel like we're being excluded. We just all need to come to the table together. Question. Yeah President, in the PSA was there any backlash around politicizing emergency services? I've been hearing any. I've been hearing any. I'm from Vancouver, Canada and I know that I think that if there was anything up there about our police that he was doing it. The city kind of said that is not my experience. I haven't heard anything that people had anything to say about our municipal employees participating in the campaign. I think that's one thing that people really liked was that we're showing our own people. I mean if we could pay them more we could but we can but let's make housing affordable for them because I don't think people really think that they're a part of this equation. I think people are thinking of people that make much lower incomes. I don't think people really get that what the income levels are and that includes a lot more people that aren't that they're not thinking about. Questions? Well thank you for your time. I do appreciate your time. I'll see you maybe take a walk around and stop and familiarize yourself with some of your favorite sessions that you want to try to get to tomorrow and we will go ahead and head over to Lost and Found at 7 and so you know go ahead and look for us. We'll be a big Exodus going out that way. They get familiar with the building and where you want to go. Questions? I was just going to have a suggestion there aren't that many people in this room.  I don't like that idea. I'm going to hold a comment. Real quick, if you decide to do a public comment, is anyone not okay with that being live streamed? Are there any objections to people on the internet seeing public comment? I'll just turn it off for you if you can feel us. Awesome, all right let's go ahead and start over here and we've got a wireless mic so we're going to use that. My name is Andrea. I'm a party of the four person delegation from New Massachusetts. I'm not part of a livable move. And she's running for city council. I'm here with East Bay Forward and I just moved to San Francisco so I'm looking forward to meeting some people who are over there. Hey, I'm Ian Monroe with East Bay Forward. I'm up here and open. Hi, I'm Michael. And Seattle for everyone. Hi, I'm Andrea LaRue from the Massachusetts Mark Road, the last and we are brought up delegation of folks here. Hi, I'm Kelly Clark. I'm from Watertown, Massachusetts. Hi, I'm Pamela Thilo from a better Cambridge in Massachusetts. Hi, I'm Jesse Kansen, I'm the founder and chairman of Better Cambridge. We are the largest and most active UV group in the Boston area. Madeline Kovacs, I'm the coordinator of Portland for Everyone Portland UV Group. Hello, I'm Eric Panzer and I'm with Livable Berkeley. I'm Ben Gula from Berkeley and I'm with East Bay Forward. Joyce Mandel from Worcester, Massachusetts and I'm part of the Massachusetts delegation. Hi, I'm Laura Lowe. I'm from Seattle, Washington and I tweet about yes in our backyards. Hi, I'm Lesley Mutatica. I'm with SFMV. I'm Daniel Camp. I'm also with SFMV. I'm Ken Ohtard, co-chair of Better Boulder in Colorado. I'm Declan DeMichel Austin, Better Boulder. I'm Timothy Brandt in Texas, the great nation of Texas, Austin. I'm Anton Schieffer from Minneapolis. I am the founder of SFMV and I'm loosely affiliated with WedgeLive. My name is Aaron Brown. I'm based in Portland, Oregon. I'm a community organizer at Political Hack. Hi, I'm Mark Feinada. I'm a superintendent of housing LA in LA plus. I'm Yoppa and I came all the way from San Francisco. I'm Yonis. I am from Portland and I'm with the Community Alliance Attempts. I'm Lois Levin from Newton, Massachusetts. I'm involved with these lovely ladies who are involved, very actively involved with housing. And I'm more recently involved with housing but I've basically been involved with transportation issues. I started a group called Bike Newton, making Newton a bicycle safe city 10 years ago and it now has 1,400 people to go by. Hi, I'm Greg McGothna with East Bay Ford. I'm one of the organizers of this year's conference along with Victoria, Kieran, and Libby in the back and we've had help from a bunch of other people. I attended the first conference last year and I'm really, really happy that we're hosting this year's conference. I just wanted to welcome everyone and I'll be acknowledging all of you from all your cities tomorrow morning as well. Hi, I'm Marius from the City of Houston in the Housing and Community Development Department. What's Sasha? Hi, I'm Brandon. I'm with Sasha. I'm Ben Typen. I'm a real estate investor, evidently something of a masochist because I want to build a lot more housing to give us some competition and that's why I helped found more New York. Hi, this, I'm from Manhattan. I'm also part of more New York. That was why I asked before. Hi, I'm Alexa. I'm with Coalition for Responsible Community Development in South Central LA and we build permanent supportive affordable housing. Hi, Daniel Coronado. I'm from also from LA and I'm a future master's student at USC for urban planning. Hi, I'm Stephanie Reyes from here in the Bay Area and I'm with Grounded Solutions Network for a national organization focused on building inclusive communities. I'm Alan Durning. I'm the founder and director of Sight Line Institute. It's an opportunity with you guys. Hi, I'm Halel Belady and I am with Summer Gillian Bee. Hello, I'm Tony Tordon and I founded a group called Portlanders for Parking Reform. I'm Mike King-Sullif from Portland, Oregon and with Oregon Locust Partis Mark with America. Hi, I'm Rob Keeling. I'm an editor and writer with Curved and I live in San Francisco. Hi, I'm Danielle Olavito. I live in San Francisco, work in transportation issues and by extension care about housing. Hi, I'm Sarah Guidi. I'm coming from Washington, D.C. and I'm the managing director with Greater Greater Washington, parentheses D.C. Hi, I'm Nira Babalola. I'm from Austin, Texas. I'm a member of ORA and just generally try to convince people that it's expensive on purpose. Austin. I'm Dan Keshet. I am a cat gift blogger at Austin On Your Feet. Hi, I'm Galen. I'm from Bellingham, Washington and I'm a member of that Bellingham Tenzing. Hi, I'm Aaron Robinson. I'm from Vancouver, D.C. I'm not really affiliated with any IMB group at the moment, but I do provide Twitter support and Facebook support for a lot of them. I also work for a regional government in Vancouver, Metro Vancouver, kind of like a county. I'm Evan Soroky from the Santa Cruz area. Hi, I'm Amanda Smash Hyde and I'm the founder of the West Hollywood Renters Alliance and so I'm obviously in West Hollywood, California. Hi, my name is Austin Sear. I'm with Abundant Housing LA and I work with local communities to educate neighbors to come and combat their neighbors in support of different controversial housing projects. Hi, I'm John Myers, the very jet lags co-founder of London IMB in the UK. I refer this the way to maybe almost closest to Jeremy Madsen. I live in the city of Alameda which is right over there and I work for Greenbelt Alliance which is a very wide land-use advocacy organization making sure the right kind of development happens in the right places. Hi, I'm Mallory Lynn Hill and I'm from Oakland and I work in policy analysis and I just can't get enough so I do it also by free time. Hi, I'm Chris Kittner. I'm with East Bay Forward. Hi, my name is Priscilla Papias. I'm with the Massachusetts delegation but I'm originally from LA so I'm really excited to be here. Hello, I'm Watson Ladd. I live in Berkeley. I'm with East Bay Forward. Hi, I'm Paul Hansel. I live in Alameda and I'm also with East Bay Forward. Hi, I'm Malik. I'm from the West Side of San Francisco, the very exclusionary sensitive street. Hi, I'm Skylar Taylor. I work for YMB Action which is in San Francisco. Hi, I'm Tim McCormick. I run YMB Wicking. I'm Milo Trouse. Sony's my big sister and I work in the SFB. Hey, I'm Sonya Trouse. I founded SF Bay Area Renters Federation like three years ago and now we have the YMB party and I'm running for office. I'm running for office here or already a commissioner or already serving as anything. I know you guys already said, is there anybody else? I was just wondering, just wondering because it's surprisingly accessible. Lauren Clark. I started Grow San Francisco which has become YMB Action which is where the membership of the San Francisco YMB party and we offer membership to everybody to help people organize and if you need help incorporating a club, a YMB group anywhere across the country, we want to help you do that. So we will help launch you. Laura Clark. I'm Luke Eisman. I'm with East Bay Forward and separately I build shipping container houses. I'm Sam Loss. I'm the executive director at Mission Housing Development Corporation. We build permanent low income housing and I'm also a board member at YMB Action. I'm Annabel Randon from the Massachusetts Department of Alliance based in Boston, Massachusetts and I'm also part of a mass delegation. Hi, I'm Chad Brownmore with San Francisco YMB but I grew up in the northwest and it's great to see so many people here from the northwest. Hi, I'm Andrew Van Y. I'm with East Bay Forward and I'm from Rinda, California which is one hill east of here. Hi, I'm Jesse and if you haven't met you yet you should come over and meet me. Hi, my name is Libby Lee and I'm with East Bay Forward. I'm helping organize this conference and I probably replied to your email if you emailed us. So check in at Lost and Found. See you there. Bye. I'm Victoria Fierce. I shitpost on Twitter exclusively. I'm with East Bay Forward. I'm Kieran Darkwater. I'm with East Bay Forward and I'm the mayor of this conference. Land Use Policy at the Mercatus Center and at Market Urbanism. My name is Alex Ochre and I'm with SFBMU. Hi, I'm Oliver. I'm from San Jose. Hey, I'm Roland Lee with the San Francisco Business Times and I'm from New York. I lived in Oakland and got involved with East Bay Forward through Living Here and I recently moved home to literally farm country in Virginia and it's just making me miss cities and realize you know how wonderful they are and I still want them to grow. I still want to be able to come back and I hope to come back to the city and there'll be more housing by the time I'm ready to. So it was a wonderful meeting everybody and I think we're just about ready to head over to Lost and Found. We'll be going kind of as a group but feel free to you know put your own pace or if you need to grab dinner first. They do have food there that you can purchase. So yeah, I'll speak to you guys at Lost and Found.


a very good evening to you and thank you for joining us on Y254. This is our first show that is on Wednesday here 2021 and we would like to wish you a very happy new year. I believe the year is still new and tonight we're going to be talking about a topic that we've had this conversation several times. It's a conversation that people have had in different platforms and that is youth unemployment. We just try to reflect on the impact of the pandemic that is the COVID-19 throughout the effect that it has had on unemployment in 2020 and see what can we do to create more opportunities for young people the year 2021. What can the ministry of view the rather the government also help out in different ways to help us tackle unemployment? We try to look at skills. People have most of the time talked about skills mismatch. Is it really a problem that we have and how can we be able to solve that talk to us across our social media platforms that is at Y254 channel. You can also reach me at Patricia Murieki. Enter up and talk about this tonight. We have John Miner who is a CEO workmate. We want to be joined by the advisor that is Lydia Madhu who's a advisor to the CS ministry of youth but apparently due to some unavoidable circumstances she could not be able to join us tonight but we'll try our best here with the help of John to try and tackle these topic to the best of our knowledge. Welcome to the broadcast. Hello John how are you? Hi Patricia. Happy new year. Thank you for finding the time to be here with us. We know that with everything that has that transpired in 2020 very many things were affected by the pandemic and a report by the International Labour Organization that is below reporting that one of six youths has reported to have lost jobs because of the pandemic. This is a report that was done in August 2020 and the male demographic is the demographic that was highly affected. What is your thought on this report? Thank you Patricia. I think 2020 caught everybody off guard and especially the people who are young and the people who have already just started working it has affected across the SMEs which are now the biggest employers for these young people so you find that if the SMEs are affected then young people tend to lose the jobs and that is a big effect is a repo effect and I think we will need a turnaround strategy to be able to counter the effect. Okay before we even talk about like the turnaround effect or ways on how now we can be able to curb this problem that you have we've talked about unemployment in this country for very very very many times different people have held meetings conferences to try and address the issue on unemployment. What do you think is a root cause is it our economy is it not being able to adopt the people that come out of the workplace is it that our graduates are not skilled enough what would you say is our root cause our major problems that we are able now to talk about what solution do we render to that problem? Patricia I would say there's no straight answer just like a one fix solution to that problem because there's a problem that has built over time and as you can tell from now even the the effects of the pandemic you know they have just multiplied the effect but even before the pandemic this is a challenge that we have had of a high rate of unemployment and you can imagine like the retirement age you know is upwards of 60s going up and these are things that are also I think they're denying the young people a chance to just practice their what they have learnt in school they talk about a lot of mismatch in job placements I think on my opinion that the mismatch that is placed on the job is also brought about by corruption in the country. Okay the government during the pandemic different ministries tried to create ways on how the young people can engage themselves because we had the biggest number of young people out here because you know people students were not in school and these now increased the number of young people were very idle and they came up with Kazim Tani the I think the ministry of ICT came up with ways on how they can be able to engage young people we saw the film classification but coming up with a project where you you're able to produce certain content have filmed with your phone and be awarded something a certain token what is your thought on the Kazim Tani which there was some scandals around that because there were funds that were being misused there were young people showing up and not being paid their money based on how much they had worked there's a lot of corruption around that so for us to be able to even create good projects as a country and have this project benefit the young people that we're creating them for what do you think in what ways can people given these responsibilities do better focusing on the outcome of the Kazim Tani scandals that came out. Patricia I'll say it's unfortunate that when the the government seats I think with all the advices that they have and I wish Lydia was here so that we they can address how do they come up with the with the programs that they give out to the youth I mean we have skilled qualified competent young people out here but you find that the only projects that can be given out to the youth are the projects of you know just go out you know take out the garbage clean up I understand this can be the effect because it has the capacity to accommodate large numbers but even as you've said we have seen in situation where the the youth have already done the task but now again payment becomes another another problem so for me I think the government needs to like create some internship hubs you know work across with the public universities creates makeshift companies where now if these youth they when they the minute they come from their university they can be placed somewhere for a couple of time for them just to get their own skill own job you know experience that the employers out here so much want okay yes we know the young people in schools today this is the manpower we're looking at to help us create a better economy in the future these are people who can also contribute in our economy that is in terms of the growth that we want to see that every citizen would like to see in the country when you've talked about projects that the government probably brings about as a way to cope with certain measures like the Kazim Tani that was there because of the pandemic you've talked about we know how these people are expected to do is go clean things around their villages their cities and hollered and I'd like to bring you in in terms of roles and probably responsibilities or opportunities that are there in capacities where the youth can serve us we're not trying to disregard the Kazim Tani but to just try what you think we can do instead of the government coming and saying let us go and slash all these I saw the governor Machakos County talking about they would have come up with probably better ways to engage them than just going and having them clear bush and then next week the bush is going to grow instead they would have had them go build certain toilets in places where there are no latrines go be involved in a certain road work and hollered what is your opinion in a way that we are able to take these youths with their skills and provide for them opportunities and platforms in a way that we are still nurturing that which is inside of them all right great I think you have to look at it from a broad perspective because you know even the in terms of the job the people now who are employed okay when you look at them majority almost more than 70 percent of the employed they are employed on the you know not on the on the corporate sector but on the on the on the duocali sector and these tells you something that the most the majority of the jobs they are not formal jobs you know and that's why I think the government is tending to go towards that but we find that these are these are only places where youth or the young people who which are who are the majority in this country they are only using their their manual labor we need to develop opportunities where guys can can start using their intellectual that we you know stuff like having you know automating and I'm happy with the progress so far because we cannot say that the government is not doing anything the minister of ICT I'm aware they're doing something with Ajira digital just equipping youth with the skills and and personally I've attended some of the trainings which I think they are very beneficial and the problem that is the problem that is available right now is that we are not tapping into the intellect of the young Kenyans who are very bright and very sharp that that I can tell you for sure so now how do we do that how do we not just sit down people don't find themselves in a board room and sit down and say we've not decided that we're going to engage the young people in certain ways without even considering what is it that these young people need in what ways are they skilled now in how can we now be able to bring about projects that are going to benefit them because at the end of the day they slashed the grass but what next so how do we be how do we come up with projects that really meet the needs and the skills of the young people and have something that is long-term oh that needs a multi multifaceted approach because you know you have to segment these these people we have got people who are graduates we have got people who just finished their a class 8 and they did not continue with the education we have got guys who reached up to their form 4 level so you cannot as well bring a solution that will cut across all right so if you ask about the solutions and because we can take ages discussing the problems and the problems will still be there as young people we have the the the obligation to put ourselves out there and it's not all lost I mean now in these digital age in these internet era in this information age even the people who says that they do not have the skill I mean you have just to utilize what you have even even even Moses was asked what do you have on your hand right now we have got the opportunity it's a global opportunity we can become global citizens by using the internet in a productive way and that's why what we are trying to do with workmate digital what we are calling the virtual jobs find a platform is that we try to find the virtual jobs we source for them globally and just try to bring them locally and in the local level we try to give the skills through you know organized institutions like the high education the t-vets just try to show them this is how it is done because one of the major problems is that it's an information gap it's a knowledge gap you know the skills that are required for you to start making money online making money from home you know away from the conventional employment is that you can use the internet as a resource to equip yourself and start earning something okay I would like us to talk about adaptability and adaptability in the sense that we have people who have already graduated that are out here looking for jobs and they cannot find them they're doing their best to probably be diverse which is something that would like us to tackle probably towards the end of this interview but how can a young boy a young girl was being raised up in the village their mother's gotten an opportunity through the government sponsored program they're here joining the university and call that and every student that we have in campus right now in a college in a technical institute studying something and their hope at the end of the day is that how graduate and find a job but most of the times we are shocked when you come out here and these jobs are so so so hard to find so how now do we try to adapt we know what is happening out here how can teachers and lecturers involved with these students right now in what way can we help them grow or acquire certain knowledge that is going to help them cope with the situations that are out here because if I believe we we walked for example the University of Nairobi that is just right here if we walked in there has no student what is their hope it is that the day they get to graduate that is when they are going to probably get a job so I'm going to be taking your answer to that question when we come back let us take a very short break here on Y254 we shall be right back thank you for staying with us on Y254 tonight we're talking about youth unemployment if you're just joining us talk to us across our social media platforms that is at Y254 channel you can also reach me at Patricia Muriochi before I went for the break we're talking about adaptability and John I would like to take your answer on that in what way can we be able to prepare the young people we know how the state of unemployment is in the country how do we prepare them so that now as they get out here they don't come with so much expectations and we have young people falling into depression getting involved in things that are not right yeah Patricia I'll say to the young people that as much as we we like to look at the government as the source of employment we also have to like change our perspective in terms of what government what we expect from the government government has already created a very enabling a very enabling environment okay I mean in Kenya we are you know across the world we have a number somewhere in terms of the internet connectivity okay we know we have a single source of power which is Kenya power but they are doing a good job so with this kind of you know environment that has been created by government I would say going by the numbers even in the past the number of jobs created per year and the number of graduates that are coming out every year they they don't they don't conquer so what do we what do we do to address this situation and that's where now adaptability comes in we are now guys have to be very innovative we have seen guys making guys in the media space creating their YouTube channels creating their vlogs and that's an income stream you know we have to get out of that notion that I have to you know get from my journalism school and come to Y254 and become a news anchor you know this the space there is limited and the the the population is crowded so what do we do we have to come up with new ways we have to be remain innovative and cut niche I mean in the in the developed world I see guys doing niche business like for me I only focus on eyebrows and you become a master of that so that way the opportunities become big we are not all of us fighting for the anchor seat but now in media we in any industry if you look at all the components that make that particular industry you can identify a niche and run with it you know and it takes time the other thing is that guys want just to come out and just make it big it's a process it's it's it's a process you have to accept and respect the process to go through and I think even as workmate digital solutions what we are trying to do is to get to the to the youth and its impact on their skills while they are still in school so there is need to partnership from the schools the institutions that are offering these courses to partner with industry so that even where industry can say this is what we expect if this is what we expect and I know there's a lot a lot of free time and this is a resource that is the most expensive and this is something I say all the time everywhere I go like how do you spend your time because it's more important than the cash so there's a lot of time in between classes there's a lot of time after school sessions these people can be able to engage and nurture and grow their skills on what the job requires as you're going with the curriculum yes but remember the industry this is what is needed you have to complete your curriculum get your degree because that's the almost the entry level right now you have to get a degree to show that you're literate and you can be able to assist the companies but on the on the side on the side what outside here is called a side hustle on the side please have a side hustle to nurture your talent to nurture your skill and something that you can passionate about and sooner you'll be able to monetize that okay let's talk about skills mismatch I know you interact with a lot of people or a lot of candidates applying for jobs that is as a chief executive officer of workmate would you say at what rates probably zero to ten have you noticed that people are applying for jobs but the moment these jobs are presented to them they have the best grades best gps on paper but when it comes to the skills it is there is a disconnect at what first of all between zero to ten how much would you say your experience is problem 80 wow okay so how now do we address it how do we make sure that we're not just giving these students theory and not preparing them for the for the job market because at the end of the day the employer does not have time to train you they are looking to make money so how is it now that I will not come out of school I don't have the skills and expect that I'm going to go to a company have like a like one year training and the employer is not going to take that because I'm going to be let's say wasting their time instead of them hiring someone who is already skilled and can play the role I'll do it now practically solve that problem Patricia that's also a tough one because guys are applying anything that looks like a job okay right so they don't care but we tell them that we are hiring we tell them to be I mean if I notice my pool my my profession is crowded as there are no opportunities I'll just go draw in my CV elsewhere I'll give you a real life example just the other day somebody posted a job on the platform workmate.club and they just wanted one receptionist you're right it's a small shop here in town they said you know I want a receptionist who has this and this kind of experience and so we posted it up online on our platform and we pushed on social media within 72 hours we had 36 applications right and we thought that oh this is a lot who will go through all this stuff then waking up the following morning the applications were more than 180 so you can tell that that that need that is out there people are hungry to work for something and even in township you find that now when you announce for an internship even the qualified people are applying for the internship what does this tell you there's a big gap there's this labor that is ready to be utilized and we are not harnessing that power that power can be a big time bomb that can come up and explode but there's a way if there's a way we can tap into this potential and convert it into something that is productive and you know we are casting COVID-19 for every bad thing that it has done but for guys like us who you know promote the issue of even working from home work from anywhere provided you have your laptop you're connected to the internet this has been the biggest experiment the whole world has been told shut your doors and work from home and I know there are companies who will not reopen their doors there are companies who are going to downsize because they have realized look we don't really need all those people yeah we don't really not people we need the people but they can work from somewhere else and and this is also the thing that we are trying to show the SMEs that it's possible for you to use a platform an online platform to to hire to outsource remotely okay guys who have got experience so you only pay them for the quality work that they deliver you don't pay them you know you don't put them on a payroll and and the payroll becomes a very big it comes a very big giant that is killing down the SMEs the SMEs mortality rate is below five years within five years you know either the rent or the payroll and they end up now hiring you know substandard employees and this brings about the mismatch and it lowers the job quality and you can see how that is is rippling down okay as you wind up on these I know that for us to be able to create these opportunities every sector involved that is a young person that is a young person watching us tonight they have to change certain things they have to be diverse but I'd like us to talk about the government input and also the private sector input in what ways can they be able because we're looking at being able to create the the economy and make it grow so how can you be able to adapt to accommodate the labor that we have in this country and that is among the young people that is not utilized currently how do we do that has you wind up personally I think outsourcing is a great way to you know like knock off a big percentage of that because you've realized like companies who work with guys on shifts they have got high higher productivity because if the shifts are short and the guys you know don't overwork you know they stretch the sheets then the need there's always fresh manpower that comes in to relieve the other fatigued one so we can take this model and replicate it on our SME ecosystem that you only have a few permanent employees okay then now you can be outsourcing and this one will at least make the circulation the experience grow because there are young people who are called out to be entrepreneurs but look they have not even been given a chance to walk in on her on a boardroom yes to see how organization work and they can copy that and start their own so with this kind of approach I believe we'll have more exposure and we'll even create a better working society okay that is seconds a message of hope to young people hoping to find themselves in a certain company or to start a business or to do whatever way that is going to help them create income that is second message of hope a message of hope to me I'll say time is the biggest is the biggest asset that you have and if utilized well then you can be able to become whatever you want use the internet resource well use your time well spend your time as if it was money because literally is more expensive than cash okay thank you very much John for finding the time to join us tonight and share that I hope that they're going to be strategies brought up by different people that is a government that is a private sector to help us cope with youth unemployment and I hope that it is a probably the last time let's say the last year we get to talk about a very high rate of unemployment in the country as you heard from John take your time as a most valuable thing that you ever have and I hope and I wish you that pray that 2021 is going to be better for every young person watching us tonight thank you very much my name is Patricia Muriochi to have yourselves a very good night


Hello, welcome to this virtual space for flagship 5. Flagship 5 is on enabling innovations for value chain transformation and scaling. This means enabling new knowledge to be used in new ways for value chain upgrading. And it implies that this knowledge, new knowledge has to be generated, tested and transmitted for use in the value chains. Generating this knowledge is at the business end of this flagship's work. Looking back, it can be said that certain changes have occurred as a result of this flagship's work. And these include increasing acceptance of the value chain approach. Donals and partners are warming up to the prospects of growing value chains by paying attention to poor men and women in pre-commercial and small-scale enterprises. There is the need that has been seen for forming public-private partnership. Sometimes thinking is gaining prominence amongst researchers. And institutional and attitudinal changes are seen to be taking place amongst policymakers who are now demanding for CRP products in many value chain countries. Work of the flagship has been influential in creating rallying points and giving stakeholders a voice. These are changing in favor of small holders and small enterprises. There is more gender participation in profitable fish markets in Egypt, for example. And collective action, including community-based rallying, is getting a boost. The flagship has influenced discovery flagships to increasingly work together with us in finding solutions which respond to local demand. Early as it may be to start expecting impacts from the flagship's work, it is encouraging to note that the paper in Bangladesh is linking aquaculture growth and food and nutrition security to increased production of fish by the rural poor. So our concepts of more meat, milk and fish by and for the poor could still hold. In Egypt, additional employment is being generated and there is an increase of up to 11 percent in profitability of fish business. The flagship has completed work on sector analysis. There are online toolkits for value chain analysis. We are working on best bets and national fora have been set up to give people a voice. We have international alliances working to strengthen our work in the value chains as we prepare for scaling in the coming years. Thank you for your time.


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Hydridge, a division of recorded books, presents Murder, with Collard Greens and Hot Sauce, by A. L. Herbert, read by Janina Edwards. Chapter 1 Be careful with that, I say to Latasha, as she paints the white cream on Wavon's hair. Sometimes I think all that relaxer has fried her brain.   Wavon and I are sitting next to each other, in front of the long mirrors at illusions. The hair salon a few doors down from my restaurant, Mahalia's Sweet Tea. Latasha owns the salon, and has been cutting and styling our hair for years, even though Wavon wears wigs much of the time. As Wavon mentioned, I was blessed with good hair that doesn't need to be relaxed, but running a restaurant doesn't leave me a lot of time to fuss with it. So much to Wavon's annoyance, I keep it fairly short. I like Halia's cut. Latasha comes to my defense. It frames her face nicely. It gives her a contemporary look, makes her look neat and professional. What it makes her look is like the sister in those Popeyes commercials. Wavon turns her eyes to me.  Latasha and I gasp in unison. You did not just insult her fried chicken. Them's fighting words, Latasha says with a laugh.  I look at Wavon.  Simmer down, Halia. I'm just messing with you. We all know you serve the best fried chicken in town. She shifts her eyes to Latasha's reflection in the mirror. You gotta play to the old girl's ego sometimes, she says.   Keep it up, Wavon, and I'll conspire with Latasha to leave that relaxer on your hair until it falls out. Calm down, ladies. There'll be no hair falling out in my salon. It's bad for business, Latasha says. And I certainly don't want any mishaps with Monique Dupree do here in two days. Monique Dupree, Wavon exclaims. It's coming here. Yep. Get out. Who's Monique Dupree? I inquire. Wavon ignores my question. Why is Monique Dupree coming here? She's kicking off a cross-country tour at the unique Sheik Hair Convention in the city this weekend. From there, she'll be traveling all over the United States doing promotional events. Sample complete. Ready to continue?


From theCUBE Studios in Palo Alto in Boston, bringing you data-driven insights from theCUBE and ETR. This is Breaking Analysis with Dave Vellante. And Vidya wants to completely transform enterprise computing by making data centers run 10x faster at one-tenth the cost. And Vidya's CEO, Jensen Wang, is crafting a strategy to re-architect today's on-prem data centers, public clouds and edge computing installations with a vision that leverages the company's strong position in AI architectures. The keys to this end-to-end strategy include a clarity of vision, massive chip design skills, a new arm-based architecture approach that integrates memory, processors, IO and networking in a compelling software consumption model. Even if Vidya is unsuccessful at acquiring ARM, we believe it will still be able to execute this strategy by actively participating in the ARM ecosystem. However, if its attempts to acquire ARM are successful, we believe it will transform in Vidya from the world's most valuable chip company into the world's most valuable supplier of integrated computing architectures. Hello everyone and welcome to this week's Wikibon Cube Insights, powered by ETR. In this Breaking Analysis, we'll explain why we believe that Vidya is in the right position to power the world's computing centers and how it plans to disrupt the grip that x86 architectures have had on the data center for decades. The data center market is in transition. Like the universe, the cloud is expanding at an accelerated pace. No longer is the cloud an opaque set of remote services, we say somewhere out there, sitting in a mega data center. No, rather the cloud is extending to on-premises data centers. Data centers are moving into the cloud and they're connecting through adjacent locations that create hybrid interactions. Clouds are being meshed together across regions and eventually will stretch to the far edge. This new definition or view of cloud will be hyper-distributed and run by software. Kubernetes is changing the world of software development and enabling workloads to run anywhere. Open APIs, external applications, expanding the digital supply chains and this expanding cloud, they all increase the threat service and vulnerability to the most sensitive information that resides within the data center and around the world, zero trust has become a mandate. We're also seeing AI being injected into every application and it's the technology area that we see with the most momentum coming out of the pandemic. This new world will not be powered by general purpose x86 processors, rather it will be supported by an ecosystem of arm-based providers in our opinion that are affecting an unprecedented increase in processor performance as we have been reporting. And NVIDIA in our view is sitting in the poll position and is currently the favorite to dominate the next era of computing architecture for global data centers, public clouds, as well as the near and far edge. Let's talk about Jensen Wang's clarity of vision for this new world. Here's a chart that underscores some of the fundamental assumptions that he's leveraging to expand his market. The first is that there's a lot of waste in the data center. He claims that only half of the CPU core is deployed in the data center today, actually support applications. The other half are processing the infrastructure all around the applications that run the software defined data center and they're terribly underutilized. NVIDIA's Bluefield 3DPU, the data processing unit, was described in a blog post on Silicon Angle by analyst Zias Caravalla as a complete mini server on a card. I like that with software defined networking storage and security acceleration built in. This product has the bandwidth and according to NVIDIA can replace 300 general purpose x86 cores. Jensen believes that every network chip will be intelligent, programmable, and capable of this type of acceleration to offload conventional CPUs. He believes that every server node will have this capability and enable every packet and every application to be monitored in real time all the time for intrusion. And as servers move to the edge, Bluefield will be included as a core component in his view. And this last statement by Jensen is critical in our opinion. He says AI is the most powerful force of our time. Whether you agree with that or not, it's relevant because AI is everywhere and NVIDIA's position in AI and the architectures the company is building are the fundamental linchpin of its data center enterprise strategy. So let's take a look at some ETR spending data to see where AI fits on the priority list. Here's a set of data in a view that we often like to share. The horizontal axis is market share or pervasiveness in the ETR data. But we want to call your attention to the vertical axis. That's really where we want to pay attention today. That's a net score or spending momentum. Exiting the pandemic, we've seen AI capture the number one position in the last two surveys. We think this dynamic will continue for quite some time as AI becomes the staple of digital transformations and automations. And AI will be infused in every single dot you see on this chart. NVIDIA's architectures, it just so happens are tailor-made for AI workloads. And that is how it will enter these markets. Let's quantify what that means and lay out our view of how NVIDIA with the help of ARM will go after the enterprise market. Here's some data from Wikibon Research that depicts the percent of worldwide spending on server infrastructure by workload type. Here are the key points. First, the market last year was around $78 billion worldwide as expected to approach 115 billion by the end of the decade. This might even be a conservative figure. Now we've split the market into three broad workload categories. The blue is AI and other related applications, what David Floyer calls matrix workloads. The orange is general purpose. Think things like ERP, supply chain, HCM collaboration, basically Oracle, SAPs and Microsoft work that's being supported today and of course many other software providers. And the gray, that's the area that Jensen was referring to is about being wasted, the offload work for networking and storage and all the software defined management and data centers around the world. Okay, you can see the squeeze that we think compute infrastructure is going to occur around that orange area, that general purpose workloads that we think is going to really get squeezed in the next several years on a percentage basis. And on an absolute basis, it's really not growing nearly as fast as the other two. And VIDIA with ARM in our view is well positioned to attack that blue area and the gray area, those workload offsets and the new emerging AI applications. But even the orange as we've reported is under pressure as for example, companies like AWS and Oracle, they use ARM based designs to service general purpose workloads. Why are they doing that? Cost is the reason because x86 generally and Intel specifically are not delivering the price performance and efficiency required to keep up with the demands to reduce data center costs. And if Intel doesn't respond, which we believe it will, but if it doesn't act, ARM we think will get 50% of the general purpose workloads by the end of the decade. And with Nvidia, it will dominate the blue, the AI and the gray, the offload work. When we say dominate, we're talking like capture 90% of the available market if Intel doesn't respond. Now Intel, they're not just going to sit back and let that happen. Pat Gelsinger is well aware of this and moving Intel to a new strategy, but Nvidia and ARM are way ahead in the game in our view. And as we've reported, this is going to be a real challenge for Intel to catch up. Now let's take a quick look at what Nvidia is doing with relevant parts of its pretty massive portfolio. Here's a slide that shows Nvidia's three chip strategy. The company is shifting to ARM based architectures which we'll describe in more detail in a moment. The slide shows that the top line, Nvidia's ampere architecture, not to be confused with the company, ampere computing. Nvidia is taking a GPU centric approach, no surprise, obvious reasons there, that's their sort of stronghold. But we think over time, it may rethink this a little bit and lean more into NPUs, the neural processing unit. We look at what Apple's doing, what Tesla are doing, we see opportunities for companies like Nvidia to really sort of go after that. But we'll save that for another day. And Nvidia has announced it's Grace CPU and not to the famous computer scientist Grace Hopper. Grace is a new architecture that doesn't rely on x86 and much more efficiently uses memory resources. We'll again describe this in more detail later. And the bottom line there, that roadmap line shows the blue field DPU which we described is essentially a complete server on a card. In this approach, using ARM will reduce the elapsed time to go from chip design to production by 50%. We're talking about shaving years down to 18 months or less. We don't have a time to do a deep dive into Nvidia's portfolio, it's large. But we want to share some things that we think are important. And this next graphic is one of them. This shows some of the details of Nvidia's Jetson architecture which is designed to accelerate those AI plus workloads that we showed earlier. And the reason is that this is important in our view is because the same software supports from small to very large, including edge systems. And we think this type of architecture is very well suited for AI inference at the edge as well as core data center applications that use AI. And as we've said before, a lot of the action in AI is going to happen at the edge. So this is a good example of leveraging an architecture across a wide spectrum of performance and cost. Now we want to take a moment to explain why the move to ARM based architectures is so critical to Nvidia. One of the biggest cost challenges for Nvidia today is keeping the GPU utilized. Typical utilization of GPU is well below 20%. Here's why. The left hand side of this chart shows essentially racks if you will of traditional compute and the bottlenecks that Nvidia faces. The processor and DRAM they're tied together in separate blocks. Imagine there are thousands of cores in a rack. Every time you need data that lives in another processor you have to send a request and go retrieve it. It's very overhead intensive. Now technologies like Rocky are designed to help but it doesn't solve the fundamental architectural bottleneck. Every GPU shown here also has its own DRAM and it has to communicate with the processors to get the data, i.e. they can't communicate with each other efficiently. Now the right hand side shows where Nvidia is headed. Start in the middle with system on chip SOCs. CPUs are packaged in with NPUs, IPUs, that's the image processing unit, dot, dot, dot, XPUs, the alternative processors. They're all connected with SRAM which is think of that as a high speed layer like an layer one cache. The OS for the system on a chip lives inside of this and that's where Nvidia has this killer software model. What they're doing is they're licensing the consumption of the operating system that's running this system on chip and this entire system and they're affecting a new and really compelling subscription model. Maybe they should just give away the chips and charge for the software like a razor blade model, talk about disruptive. Now the outer layer is the DPU and the shared DRAM and other resources like the Ampere computing, the company this time, CPUs, SSDs and other resources. These are the processors that will manage the SOCs together. This design is based on Nvidia's three chip approach using Bluefield DPU, leveraging Melanox, that's the networking component. The network enables shared DRAM across the CPUs which will eventually be all arm based. Grace lives inside the system on a chip and also on the outside layers and of course the GPU lives inside the SOC in a scaled down version, like for instance, a rendering GPU and we show some GPUs on the outer layer as well for AI workloads at least in the near term. You know, eventually we think they may reside solely in the system on chip but only time will tell. Okay, so you as you can see Nvidia's making some serious moves and by teaming up with ARM and leaning into the ARM ecosystem it plans to take the company to its next level. So let's talk about how we think competition for the next era of compute stacks up. Here's that same XY graph that we love to show market share or pervasiveness on the horizontal track against next net score on the vertical, net score again is spending velocity and we've cut the ETR data to capture players that are big in compute and storage and networking. We plugged in a couple of the cloud players. These are the guys that we feel are vying for data center leadership around compute. AWS is a very strong position. We believe that more than half of its revenues comes from compute, you know, EC2 who were talking about more than $25 billion on a run rate basis, that's huge. The company designs its own silicon, Graviton 2, et cetera and is working with ISVs to run general purpose workloads on ARM based Graviton chips. Microsoft and Google, they're going to follow suit. They're big consumers of compute. They sell a lot, but Microsoft in particular, you know, they'll likely to continue to work with OEM partners to attack that on-prem data center opportunity. But it's really Intel that's the provider of compute to the likes of HPE, Adele, and Cisco and the ODMs, which are the ODMs are not shown here. Now, HPE, let's talk about them for a second. They have architectures. I hate to bring it up, but remember the machine?  But HPE has a strong position in high performance computing and the work that it did on new computing architectures with the machine and shared memories, that might be still kicking around somewhere inside of HPE and could come in handy for some day in the future. So HPE has some chops there, plus HPE has been known, HPE historically has been known to design its own custom silicon. So I would not count them out as an innovator in this race. Cisco is interesting because it not only has custom silicon designs, but its entry into the compute business with UCS a decade ago was notable and they created a new way to think about integrating resources, particularly compute and networking with partnerships to add in the storage piece. Initially it was within EMC prior to the Dell acquisition but, you know, it continues with NetApp and Pure and others. Cisco invests, they spend money investing in architectures and we expect the next generation of UCS, I don't know, UCS 2.0 will mark another notable milestone in the company's data center business. Dell just had an amazing quarterly earnings report. The company grew top line revenue by around 12% and it wasn't because of an easy compare to last year. Dell is simply executing despite continued softness in the legacy EMC storage business. Laptop demand continued to soar and Dell's server business, it's growing again. But we don't see Dell as an architectural innovator per se in compute. Rather we think the company will be content to partner with suppliers, whether it's Intel, Nvidia, ARM based partners or all of the above. Dell we think will rely on its massive portfolio, its excellent supply chain and execution ethos to compete. Now IBM is notable for historical reasons. With its mainframe, IBM created the first great compute monopoly before it unwittingly handed it to Intel along with Microsoft. We don't see IBM necessarily aspiring to retake that compute platform mantle that once held with mainframes rather red hat in the March to hybrid cloud is the path that we think in our view is IBM's approach. Now let's get down to the elephants in the room. Intel, Nvidia and China Inc. China is of course relevant because of companies like Alibaba and Huawei and the Chinese government's desire to be self-sufficient in semiconductor technology and technology generally. But our premise here is that the trends are favoring Nvidia over Intel in this picture because Nvidia is making moves to further position itself for new workloads in the data center and compete for Intel's stronghold. Intel is going to attempt to remake itself but it should have been doing this seven years ago what Pat Gelsinger is doing today. Intel is simply far behind and it's going to take at least a couple of years for them to really start to make inroads in this new model. Let's stay on the Nvidia v. Intel comparison for a moment and take a snapshot of the two companies. Here's a quick chart that we put together with some basic KPIs. Some of these figures are approximations or they're rounded so don't stress over it too much. But you can see Intel is an $80 billion company, four X the size of Nvidia but Nvidia's market cap far exceeds that of Intel. Why is that? Well, of course growth. In our view it's justified due to that growth and Nvidia's strategic positioning. Intel used to be the gross margin king but Nvidia has much higher gross margins. Interesting. Now when it comes down to free cash flow Intel is still dominant. As it pertains to the balance sheet Intel is way more capital intensive than Nvidia and as it starts to build out its foundries that's going to eat into Intel's cash position. Now what we did is we put together a little pro forma on the third column of Nvidia plus ARM circa let's say the end of 2022. We think they could get to a run rate that is about half the size of Intel and that could propel the company's market cap to well over half a trillion dollars if they get any credit for ARM. They're paying $40 billion for ARM a company that's sub two billion. The risk is that because of the ARM deal is based on cash plus tons of stock it could put pressure on the market capitalization for some time. ARM has 90% gross margins because it's pretty much has a pure license model so it helps the gross margin line a little bit for this in this pro forma. And the balance sheet is a swag. ARM has said that it's not going to take on debt to do the transaction but we haven't had time to really dig into that and figure out how they're going to structure it. So we took a swag and what we would do with this low interest rate environment but take that with a grain of salt. We'll do more research in there. The point is given the momentum and growth of NVIDIA its strategic position in AI is and it's deep engineering they're aimed at all the right places and its potential to unlock huge value with ARM on paper it looks like the horse to beat if it can execute. All right let's wrap up. Here's a summary look the architectures on which NVIDIA is building its dominant AI business are evolving and NVIDIA is well positioned to drive a truck right through the enterprise in our view. The power has shifted from Intel to the ARM ecosystem and NVIDIA is leaning in big time. Whereas Intel it has to preserve its current business while recreating itself at the same time. This is going to take a couple of years but Intel potentially has the powerful backing of the US government to strategic to fail. The wild card is will NVIDIA be successful in acquiring ARM certain factions in the UK and EU are fighting the deal because they don't want the US dictating to whom ARM can sell its technology. For example the restrictions placed on Huawei for many suppliers of ARM based chips based on US sanctions. NVIDIA's competitors like Broadcom, Qualcomm at all are nervous that if NVIDIA gets ARM they will be at a competitive disadvantage they being NVIDIA's competitors. And for sure China doesn't want NVIDIA controlling ARM for obvious reasons and it will do what it can to block the deal and or put handcuffs on how business can be done in China. We can see a scenario where the US government pressures the UK and EU regulators to let this deal go through. Look AI and semiconductors you can't get much more strategic than that for the US military and the US long-term competitiveness. In exchange for maybe facilitating the deal the government pressures NVIDIA to guarantee some feed to the Intel foundry business while at the same time imposing conditions that secure access to ARM based technology for NVIDIA's competitors. And maybe as we've talked about before having them funnel business to Intel's foundry. Actually we've talked about the US government enticing Apple to do so but it could also entice NVIDIA's competitors to do so propping up Intel's foundry business which is clearly starting from ground zero and is going to need help outside of Intel's own semiconductor manufacturing internally. Look we don't have any inside information as to what's happening behind the scenes of the US government and so forth but on its earnings call NVIDIA said they're working with regulators that are on track to complete the deal in early 2022. We'll see. Okay that's it for today. Thank you to David Floyer who co-created this episode with me and remember I publish each week on wikibon.com and siliconangle.com these episodes they're all available as podcasts all you got to do is search breaking analysis podcast and you can always connect with me on Twitter at dvolante email me at david.volante at siliconangle.com always appreciate the comments on LinkedIn and in the clubhouse please follow me so you could be notified when we start a room and riff on these topics and don't forget to check out etr.plus for all the survey data. This is Dave Vellante for theCUBE Insights powered by ETR be well and we'll see you next time.


What's happening guys? It's Shane here. So this is like the third time that I've recorded this video because apparently I don't know how to use a camera but anyways this is one of the most requested topics I have gotten on this channel and that is how do you pay for college without going into debt. Yes that's right this video is going to be how you can pay for college with zero dollars in debt, graduate completely debt-free and get everything paid for. Now before we start the video I do have a confession to make and that is that I am a little bit of a scholarship nerd. Each year I was in college I got five figures in scholarships and it wasn't enough to pay for all of my college. I did graduate with some debt but if I knew then what I know now I would have been able to graduate completely debt-free. I would have nothing to pay whatsoever so I'm going to help you guys out. I'm going to tell you what I did right what I did wrong and right now if you are about to go to college this is the biggest opportunity you will ever get in your entire life for getting free money. And I wish I would have known about this earlier because I would have really planned it out better than I did and hopefully if this can just help a few of you guys out it'll be worth it and all the best. And no kidding even if you just implement a few of the tips I'm going to share with you and I can almost guarantee you you haven't heard most of these before you will save ten thousand dollars or more almost guaranteed.  And the only thing that's going to stop you from saving a ton of money here is if you forget to smash the like button. So don't forget to do that. No but seriously it does help the channel out tremendously if you smash the like button it really helps with the algorithm so please do that I would really appreciate it and it would sincerely help me a lot. So I'm going to jump right in with the first tip on the list which is going to be the low hanging fruit this is going to be the easiest money you can possibly get and that is to get your rich parents to pay for everything. Just kidding I'm going to assume that you were poor like I was and your family is not going to help you out at all. So the first thing you want to do is go to your good old trustee high school guidance counselor and ask them what scholarships your high school offers and what scholarships that your local community offers. And like I said these are the low hanging fruit these are very easy for you to get because not very many people apply for them because they're not qualified for them because chances are not that many people go to your high school and they're usually going to be somewhere around five hundred to a thousand dollars each sometimes they'll get up to like maybe five thousand dollars and a few hours of work can seriously get you like five to ten thousand dollars. I personally won I think around twelve to thirteen thousand dollars just from doing this step alone and like I said most of these only have a few applicants that can apply to them so if you're even just a decent student what'll end up happening is you will apply to them and the scholarship committees will have to wipe the drool off of the checks before they hand them to you. And just remember that all of these businesses and local communities and all these people they get tax benefits from these scholarships so it's a win-win situation for everybody. And just to make this whole situation very very simple let's say the college you want to go to is fifteen thousand dollars a year you want to go to a four-year college so you need sixty thousand dollars total to pay for the tuition for your university experience. And let's say from step one alone you got ten thousand dollars so now you've got ten thousand out of sixty thousand paid for it and there's fifty thousand more that you need to get paid for. Now the next step is to look at the websites of the colleges that you're applying to and you need to see what scholarships they offer. And this is actually the most important step on the list because this one step alone can get everything paid for. And there's two secrets here the first one is you want to actually physically call the financial aid office at the college and ask them what scholarships are available. A lot of the time the scholarships either aren't on the website at all or they're buried somewhere and you'd have to search hours in order to find them so just save yourself the time the trouble and just call the financial aid office and ask them which ones are available. And then the second secret here is to apply to as many colleges as you can because it's very very random what colleges offer scholarships to what people. So for instance your friend might get a really amazing scholarship offer to the same college that you got into and for some reason they didn't give you the same scholarship offer and it just seems totally random because you guys have similar stats. So you want to use a shotgun approach here and apply to a bunch of different colleges and you really don't want to have your heart set on one college. I know a lot of people grow up you know watching like football or basketball and they fall in love with this one university and they really want to go there. But listen money talks and if that university doesn't offer you a good scholarship you need to put an X through it. So like I said before it's possible to get everything paid for with just this step but just to break this down let's say you apply to 30 colleges you get into 10 of them and two of them offer you a really really good financial aid package where they give you basically like let's say a half ride scholarship so they pay for half of everything. So $30,000. So at this point you've got $40,000 paid for and there's 20,000 more that you need to pay. The next step is probably the least well known step on the list which is to look into essay contests. This is the biggest secret on the list because these essay contests are basically just like scholarships but they're not advertised as scholarships so not that many people apply to them. A lot of the time you will be the only person who applies to these and the money is just as green as scholarship money. This is one of the least utilized of all the steps on this list because let's be honest high school students are kind of lazy and a lot of them don't want to write any extra essays. But the big secret here is you're going to get the same 5 to 10 maybe 15 prompts over and over again and so once you've written about 5 to 10 essays all you really have to do is just copy paste and then just change a few little things here and there and then you're done. So all you really have to do is just take one weekend where you don't play Fortnite or Apex Legends or Call of Duty, you don't binge watch Rick and Morty and you just write a bunch of essays in that one weekend and then you've done 90% of the work right there and there's very very little competition for these essays like I said so you want to apply to all of them even if you don't think that you fit the criteria and a lot of these essays end up getting zero applicants so there was one essay where I actually won first second and third place and I think the total was like 1750 or something like that and then I had a friend who applied to an essay that was for minorities and this guy was like wider than sour cream and he ended up winning the essay contest for minorities and the only reason I'm saying that is just to illustrate that you should apply to as many as possible even if you don't think that you qualify so let's say that you won another $10,000 just to make this simple so now you have $10,000 to go and all your tuition is paid for the next thing you want to do is you want to look into your social and professional network and what I mean by that is you want to think about your religious organization so let's say you have a church that you go to you want to see if they offer any scholarships you want to maybe ask your parents to see if their job or their career offers any scholarships maybe you have a cousin who works at Google and Google might offer scholarships to extended family members and this is very very important because you will be one of the only people who qualifies for the scholarships and then out of the few people who qualify almost nobody knows about them so you will have a really really good chance of winning these I mean think about it who has a cousin who works at Google not that many people so if you do you definitely want to take advantage of that another big thing here is if like let's say you're a minority like there might be an organization for only Indian people in your community and only Indians can apply to those scholarships so you definitely want to take advantage of that and leverage those opportunities where you can and you really want to get specific here and figure out what exactly makes you unique and if you have to and you haven't done it already write down a list of the things that make you unique and then apply to scholarships that fit those criteria so let's say you make another ten thousand dollars here which is totally realistic you got everything paid for you're good to go but now let's say you want to pay for your room and board as well so that's where the next step comes in and this step is where most people i'd say 98% of people this is the step where almost everybody starts at and that is searching online for scholarships and so these are going to be more competitive you're going to have less of a chance of winning these scholarships but the great thing here is you've already done all the hard work because you've already written all the essays and you already have your application down so it's like you're playing this game on easy mode everybody else is an amateur and you're already a professional you already know what to do all you got to do is copy paste and then just change a few little things here and there and just send them off and you really want to apply to as many of these as you can preferably over a hundred you've planted the seed you've plowed the field you've harvested the wheat you've kneaded the dough and now all you got to do is put that bread in the oven copy and paste is going to be your best friend here you know you've done all the work so all you got to do is copy paste and then just change a few things here and there and you will probably wear down the control v control c and control f buttons on your computer but that's totally okay because with all this scholarship money you're going to be able to afford to buy new buttons a new keyboard maybe even a new laptop now i never used any of these paid sites out there that you know are around right now i'm sure you've seen them before i used completely free resources i just use google.com but there's a few sites that i've read around that are really good options here and if you want to use the paid sites you can but the ones that i will recommend are going to be scholarships.com fastweb.com of course good old google.com the college monk.com then there's a really good subreddit called our scholarships that has great lists as well now an additional thing here is your public library will have what are called scholarship handbooks which is basically where they do all the work for you they go out they do all the research and they compile a list of different scholarships that are offered then all you have to do is just go to the library completely free copy everything take it home and then apply to those scholarships and the big secret here is you need to apply to as many scholarships as you can preferably over a hundred in this step ideally you want to do over a hundred to give yourself the best chances and with this step alone it will be very very easy for you to win ten thousand dollars in scholarships or more and i probably spent about twenty to thirty hours you know writing the essays and applying to scholarships but let's break down the numbers here let's say you spend twenty hours doing that and then you win sixty thousand dollars well that's about three thousand dollars an hour which is about twenty seven hundred dollars an hour more than a doctor makes so i think that's probably worth it and another big thing here that i forgot to mention actually is you want to start as early as possible so preferably you want to start this the summer of your junior year because a lot of the scholarship deadlines are actually in october and there's actually even a few scholarships that are for juniors only so you want to definitely have all your essays written and everything good to go by october of your junior year of high school and starting early will also give you the added benefits of being able to perfect your application being able to really hone down your essays and make them absolutely perfect and then also it's a good idea just to have somebody else proofread your essays and that does take a little bit of time and after doing all this you can go ahead sit back relax enjoy an alcohol-free beverage and watch that sweet sweet tax-free scholarship money just pour into your bank account now applying to scholarships obviously isn't the only way to get money there's other ways of doing it i think you guys know about grants like the pel grant for instance or the grants that you can get if you've done military service i think these are pretty well known to people um let me know if you guys want me to make a video on it and i will and you can also pay for college by just minimizing your costs as well so you can get a roommate you can rent textbooks instead of buying them you can learn how to use a crock pot so you're not spending 50 bucks a day eating out you can also get a part-time job or do side hustles there was one year i think it was my third year of college where i made over 28 000 just doing side hustles alone and i actually did a video on that i'll link it in the little card that pops out and by the way let me know if you have any questions in the comments down below i respond to all my comments and i actually pay attention to what my viewers want and then i make videos about them so it'll help you guys out and if this video was helpful to you i will be making a ton of extremely valuable videos just like this in the future that i wish that i had a few years back that will help you out tremendously so definitely hit the subscribe button uh hit the like button ring the little notification bell and comment down below but before you go check out these other videos that i did on college and being successful and i will see you guys next time bye for now