Have you ever seen something so horrifying that you know deep down it will replay in your dreams forever? Some time ago when I was just a boy. I had one dream to finally meet the real Santa Claus That December I had been completely obsessed with photography and video and had been recording and taking pictures of everything in sight Yes, I had taken pictures of everything Christmas trees neighborhood puppies even a batch of burnt gingerbread cookies my mother had taught me how to bake earlier in the week I Was a pretty straight lace kid and I was the last kid. I knew to still believe in Santa Don't tell me I still believe that my friend Chris had said to which I replied nothing I was a stubborn little boy and I knew for a fact that if I truly just believed enough That I would indeed see something amazing after the clock struck midnight and became Christmas Day. I Was right sort of If you would like to continue living in blissful ignorance This is where you should stop listening Maybe it's better if you don't know the truth As I said carrying around a camera was my thing Ron Howard style That year on Christmas Eve I had planned to be the first child on earth to get concrete proof of Santa's existence In my young mind, I had seen newspapers and news channels around the globe showing my evidence They would interview me The little boy who had proven everyone wrong and maybe then people would finally start to believe That evening my mother and father took turns tucking me in a bed before shutting off the lights and heading back to their room They had no idea what I had planned After hearing their door closed gently with a click. I headed downstairs to scout the living room Where could I place the camera to give me the absolute best chance to get him on video? As the hours passed uneventfully I moved the camera around to record various locations the fireplace The outside window the kitchen where I had placed the poorly made gingerbread cookies. Don't judge me. I had tried my best Time continued to pass And it wasn't until I first heard the clock strike midnight that something unexpected happened. I Heard the basement door open slowly That was odd. I thought Santa was supposed to come from the chimney Part of me wanted to rush over and greet him But I found another larger part of myself Telling me to hide and wait to see what happened next. I Chose my parents new couch in the corner of the room as my hiding spot Running behind and peeking ever so slightly around its corner and towards the Christmas tree Nothing happened for a few moments and I was beginning to wonder if I had imagined the sound of the basement door creaking open all together and Then I heard the whistling But it wasn't jingle bells or anything like that No, it wasn't cheerful and it certainly didn't contain the holiday spirit The snow had started falling more steadily outside and for some reason that odd whistling had suddenly made me realize How completely isolated the three of us were out here My father had bought the small cabin some time ago the nearest neighbor being half a mile or more away It seemed even farther in a blizzard This was my first and I had been very excited about being snowed in for a few days That was until the thought occurred to me of being snowed in with something else Something that had no business being there The wind began to push against our secluded home as well seeming to hit all sides at once Wow, my parents could sleep through anything it seemed My eyes pulled away from the chaotic weather outside my home and back towards the basement door and Then I saw him Or should I say it? Coming slowly closer The figure was cloaked and seemed to float just above the living room floor Did I think about screaming? Yes, yes, I did Looking back though, I'll give myself credit. I stayed calm and perhaps this still was Santa after all I Decided to wait and see what happened It seemed that the tall figure hadn't seen me peeking out from behind the couch Because it just kept on floating towards the Christmas tree in fireplace Whatever it was it began to whistle again and this time I was able to identify the tune Silent night The melody was off rhythm and was the only time in my life that hearing a song made me feel uneasy Very uneasy. I Realize how insane this next part is going to sound if we haven't gotten there already But as I watched the tall figure near the Christmas tree, I could hear it begin to sniff deeply The tree swayed and shook against the force of the creature's nostrils and then it began to speak He had seen me There would be no hiding anymore Taking a deep breath I summoned the courage to stand Come cloak, I took a small step Cloak the snake-like voice continued. I Heeded its words Walking forward until the tall figure stood directly in front of me. I felt small in its shadow Smaller than I had ever felt Are you him? The creature made a soft almost inaudible noise Perhaps it was laughter and then pulled the cloak away to reveal itself. I Fainted When I came to the creature was still standing where it had been a soft grin plastered to its face You aren't the first one that's fainted at the sight of me You're lucky. I didn't eat you Eat me I stammered Yes But that would be only fair It's very offensive to faint at the sight of someone, you know, I said nothing Only staring up at the creature Though I've tried to forget its form with time. I can still remember it clearly It was thin Terribly thin and its face was beyond imagining Though its teeth were clearly visible. I could see no eyes and What looked like thorns protruded from the crest of its head Branches extended from the thing's body in all directions and it dragged what looked like a sack behind it To answer your question No, I not Santa Claus The creature knelt down near me and I could feel its icy breath push against my eyes and face But I know him you do The creature nodded Of course He's my brother The news that this terrifying monster was the brother of Santa took a long time for my childhood brain to process At the end of which I was probably even more confused than before How?  There was a long silence before it replied You are very wise Are you sure you want to know? I nodded and it smiled back Very well Though my gifts will not take effect on this day Their influence will be felt through the next year and beyond It pulled out the sack that followed closely behind And set it on the floor before me There was only one gift inside Which upon a closer look Had both my mother and father's names Written neatly on a dark card that sat on top of the box Open if you dare You whispered As I knelt down next to the presence The room seemed to grow colder The wind swirling violently now just outside the foggy glass The lights flickered on and off as I began to unwrap the small box I laid the wrapping paper down neatly Piece by piece on top of the tree's red and white Christmas skirt Looking up at the creature I said two words I'm afraid Its long thin arm reached out towards me then Finally settling on my closest shoulder Though I still could not see the creature's eyes It seemed to gaze at me nonetheless It seemed to be thinking as it cocked its head from one side to the other Look upon my face little child I have been deformed and misshapen By the evils that are mine to bear I cannot change my form Any more than you can change the fate of your family All I can do Is bear it Though still afraid I was suddenly overcome with a great sympathy for the creature I'm sorry It seemed taken aback for a moment Before replying Don't be fooled little child I am not fully innocent The box before me broke open then Revealing a blinding shine of dark purple The color of a vibrant spring's first bloom It bathed the room and its deep shades As the box pulsated in front of my eyes I couldn't help it I looked I looked deep into the calling purple Into worlds unseen I saw the creatures of my nightmares Monstrous malevolent beings Some as tall as the sky above The worst of all I saw my parents It was a rainy winter day As my father drove home from work His briefcase on the passenger seat In a worried look in his eyes as he squinted through the windshield The rain came down in sheets No dad He couldn't see the large semi that had gently pulled beside him It drifted closer into his lane And then Stop I don't want to see But it was too late The truck overtaking my father and pushing his car into the bridge's guardrail I wish I could say he didn't suffer A violent wave of purple as my eyes were taken elsewhere A hospital No No please It was my mother Receiving the cancer diagnosis and lying alone in the hospital bed She stared out into the darkness I can't take this I told the creature And maybe I imagined it But to this day I think it gave a small look of pity It now closer She'll live Why did you show me this? I asked The basement door opened again with a creek And the creature fell backwards to the floor Striking its head and letting out a sigh I realized then that as terrifying as this thing was There was still one that even it must answer to I must go And whispered Pulling the cloak over its bony head And concealing its form once more I watched as it floated back towards the basement steps And then said the words I will always remember Be afraid for what is to come, child But do not let it consume you As it has me I watched its figure begin to fade away into the darkness The last proof of its existence being the soft words That carried their way through the air and into my ears For only in death and suffering Will you find life


I want you to see the first key to receiving deliverance from demons and that is this Submit to Jesus as your Lord means to submit to the Lordship of Jesus Jesus says I am anointed by God to bring freedom But then he says the first thing he says I'm gonna bring a good tithing to the poor now We know this means also practically actually he brings good message to those who are in poverty But we know that what this means as well as Jesus brings the good news to those who are broken For those who are poor inside of their spirit The first key to experiencing the freedom from demonic oppression in your life. I want you to notice what I did not say I did not say to receive Jesus as your Lord and Savior Because many of us do that Freedom does not come when you receive Jesus as your Lord and Savior salvation does Freedom comes when you submit now receive you submit yourself to the Lordship of Jesus Christ The Bible makes me to understand where the spirit of the Lord is there is freedom The correct translation says this where the spirit is Lord there is freedom Devil does not respond to Jesus as an insurance card devil responds to authority Demons respond to authority and when you have when you walk under authority of the Lordship of Jesus Christ Satan reacts toward that the problem with many of us is this is we receive Jesus as a spare tire and we Pull him out when things get hard We receive Jesus as an insurance card and we pull him out when the police pulls us over Jesus Christ is not just my Savior. He is my Lord. I Want you to see the second thing and here is that we see he came to preach the good tidings And then he says he came to heal the broken hearted See before he gets to the demon part He says about you need to establish the Lordship. Who's the Lord in your life number one number two is there needs to be the inner healing that happens and Inner healing happens only through one way is forgiveness forgive if you want to be free Before you can be free you have to forgive Whatever hurts and pains people caused you these pains can actually attract demons These things can attract demonic forces Bob Larsen a Reverend Bob Larsen who was in in Portland this weekend by the way he sent greetings to our church and stuff He was the when he was here in our country in our in our city I'm sorry last year and I asked him something about This topic and he said Vlad everywhere I go outside of America He says the number one open door for demonic oppression in people's lives is occult He says within the Western countries the number one open door for demonic oppression is abuse Why because when wounds are neglected they become infected When you neglect the wounds and you say the time will heal at all see time doesn't heal Time helps to heal Bible didn't send the clock to bring healing Jesus came to bring healing in book of Acts. There was a man named Simon and he was a sorcerer He dumbled in witchcraft and he participated in all of that stuff and he got saved superficially He came and wanted to receive the power of God by paying money and apostle Peter looked at him and said this He said you are poisoned with iniquity You're poisoned with bitterness and you are bound by iniquity Poisoned by bitterness and bound by iniquity Actually in Simon's life Probably there has been some kind of an event that caused bitterness to build up in his heart And when he became poisoned with bitterness that opened the door to be bound by iniquity In almost every single place where there is a bondage to iniquity there is a poison of bitterness and If you want to lose the bondage you got to get rid of the poison and the poison is bitterness The poison is hate the poison is unforgiveness The poison is those things that we've allowed to foster in our heart and you may say I have the right to be bitter Ha Satan has the right to hold on to you too The the secret number three to receiving deliverance is this is freedom and deliverance Comes by revelation not just manifestation I Want you guys to see this in Isaiah 61 verse 1 it says that Jesus came to proclaim Liberty to the captives he didn't say Jesus came to deliver the captives The way he delivers the captives is by proclaiming liberty into their life He proclaims that liberty see many times We reduce deliverance and freedom to manifestation instead of proclamation or instead of revelation You are free not when you shake and bake you are free when you receive prayer and you receive that knowing I am free What if you don't shake and bake you are free? How do you receive your salvation you receive your salvation when you pray the prayer you place your trust in Jesus?  He this doesn't give liberty. He proclaims it Proclaim liberty to the captives and I want you to see the last thing that it says here an opening of the prison to those Who are bound? number four The part of your life the devil does not have Control over is more powerful than the part. He controls The part of your life the devil doesn't have control over is more powerful than the part. He does I Want you to see this in here freedom comes by we submit to the Lordship of Jesus Freedom comes by we release any hurt and unforgiveness freedom comes by revelation Jesus proclaims liberty But in here he also the Bible says not only he proclaims liberty to the captives He also opens the prison doors. That means there's two types of bondages. There's a one where you are a prisoner and There's one where you are a slave If you're a slave he sends a word if you're a prisoner he unlocks the key He unlocks the prison he comes and unlocks the prison, but I want you to see what he does not do He does not drag you out of your prison He opens the prison door That means it's a generational curse But the prison door means you have a demonic influence in your life Jesus comes in and through the prayer line Jesus comes in maybe through Somebody prays with you maybe you meet with somebody you go to a conference Whatever the scenario or the case or maybe at home and Jesus opens the door like an angel did to Peter when Peter was in prison The angel came in and the Bible says the door was open The guards were asleep the chains fell off and angel hits Peter and says this a rise Put on some clothes and follow me quickly This is what I find out about people about us Jesus comes opens the door shines his light and We get very happy Very happy the service is over and Next thing that happens is the next day Those guards that are asleep when you are awakened will wake up You have a very short moment of time to leave the prison. What is a prison? It's your mindset. It's your habits and it's your friends He opens the prison door, but he doesn't drag you out. He asks you a Rise put on some clothes and Follow me quickly That means if you got prayed for you got about an hour or two before those guards that Jesus set you free from wake up And this is what could happen in a day They can be hanged and you can be promoted, but if you chill here If you hang out here if you don't walk out from your prison a wrong mindset Wrong habit and a wrong set of friends if you don't walk out from your prison the guards will wake up and next day There will be reinforcements But if you wake up and you say Jesus, I'm gonna follow you quickly. Oh, I don't want to make radical changes right now I don't want to delete numbers. I don't want to get rid of some friendships. I don't want to change I don't want to dump all the weed. I don't want to throw away all the drinking I don't want to cancel this and that why I don't want to get to hasty I don't want to get ahead of myself. Well, this is one problem If you don't do it quickly these homies and cronies that you've been connected to for years they're gonna wake up If you want to be free you have to walk out from the prison of a wrong mindset Walk out from the prison of wrong habits. They mean starting right now when the Lord touches you You make a decision. I throw away the cigarette and once and for all Starting right now. You're saying, you know what that's it. I'm deleting that that source The through which I've fallen to pornography starting right now. You're saying, you know what this friend Has doing this been doing this and been doing this and I've been falling into this temptation You know what I walk away from that and when you walk away from that the Holy Spirit will lead you into a new season So when I was in elementary school, um, I used to smoke weed and drink it's probably as young as uh you know fourth grade And so, you know, I was doing drugs and drinking as a young kid and um See when uh in high school when I got to high school Is where I really started going off the deep end And I got busted for a quarter million dollar steroid bust My senior year of high school and I was looking at facing 15 years of 15 years in prison and a $250,000 fine and from there it created a lot of uh A fight between my parents because they turned me in And so I moved out on my own with my girlfriend at the time and I Ended up. Her dad was a huge drug dealer here in town. I was just a young kid And he got me into growing weed I made $3,000 of my first little crop and I like that fast money And so I started um doing 99 plants per room hundreds of felony And so I always kind of my life, uh, just pushed everything to the limits as hard and fast as I could go And uh that 99 plant room got me about $30,000 of my first crop and so from there Um, I started packing out rooms five houses and spoke in for seven years 99 plants were just people pay me money to come set up shop and I'd start Take care of it and get rid of it. Uh, so Also during that time I was dealing rock cocaine on the lower south hill altamon area here in Spokane super hardcore area and um I know my life was just a wreck I was very suicidal during that time too. Like I said, I had all the money But I was miserable, empty, hopeless I tried to suicide nine times everything 200 hits a speed to 48 sleeping pills on one occasion Overdoses just miserable tried to kill myself in my garage one day Just to fixate myself everything. So I was just hopeless miserable, but all I knew was just who I hung out with and stuff just that drug-saving stuff and then Yeah, that was my life just paranoid Tormented always looking out my rear view mirror My mini blinds just always on the run and I just hated life. I had no hope no peace I was in my living room floor one night all by myself And I was hopeless miserable paranoid. Like I said, I'd been always Living my life looking out my mini blinds my rear view mirror just to run weed and spoke in and all over and doing a lot of drug dealing and pushing, you know, I pushed millions of dollars worth of cocaine and meth and I ended up my own addiction was uh In close to four thousand dollars a month and I hated that lifestyle. I couldn't quit. I didn't know anything. I didn't know anything different um So fast forward I was uh in my living room floor one night all by myself Just hating life realizing on my coke head, you know, and all the drugs I was doing and I didn't know a way out. So I went and grabbed my assault rifle loaded it up threw it to my head Stalled by myself and I was gonna check out. This was my tenth suicide attempt I was gonna end my life that night and um I just uh kind of called out on jesus. I just figured I would just take a chance to see if god was for real And uh as that guns to my head man figure on the trigger. I just said jesus if you're for real You got to show yourself to me. Otherwise i'm out of here When I called out on that name that night all by myself in my living room floor, he showed up powerfully It was the most powerful experience. I've ever had in my life and uh when holy spirit came He instantly gave me peace and joy The two things that all the money all the toys Could never could never buy it like you know what you mean just that encounter with jesus And um I felt all the way to the world just lift All that torment paranoia paranoia just instantly left my life I was a new baby right there on my uh living room floor and um That decision cost me everything. Um man, I lost all my friends. I didn't have anybody I didn't have one person stick by my side with that decision, but I knew what happened that night. I'm living in the floor by myself Jesus came into my life and it changed me. I never touched or used another drug ever since that day Jesus saved my life and uh, he met me right where I was at life. Just in a bad place and I changed my life and I'm a youth pastor now at Calvary Spokane and I do a skate church ministry in indoor state park Reaches skaters And do we do a lot of huge outreaches and go back into the most hard core areas and Spokane the west central hill your downtown do a lot of street ministry and outreaches where we lift high the name jesus and uh And we pump out our testimonies and win souls and so god's on the move and Spokane And so everything that satan meant to take my life out with god forges a weapon to go right back in and take Enemy's territory. My name is Jeff Ross, and this is my testimony


Hi, I'm Karina Angel, and I'm here with Andre Tost from IBM. I'm a product manager in the OpenShift team, and Andre is here as he's CTO of IBM Cloudpacks. I'm really excited. We're here to talk about creating custom operator catalogs for OpenShift. We're going to talk briefly about why you'd even want to create a custom operator catalog, steps you can take to create a custom operator catalog, and then do a deeper dive into a specific example showing IBM Cloudpacks custom operator catalog that they have built. So why would you want to create a custom operator catalog? By now, most people are recognizing the benefits of operators in OpenShift and Kubernetes in general. And now they're also recognizing the value of creating custom operators and putting those custom operators into specific catalogs to meet their needs. And some of the use cases that we're seeing right now with our customers, well, first we're seeing customers such as banks or other large enterprises create these catalogs that are specific to their internal requirements and for their internal teams. We're also seeing commercial and government industries that are recognizing the value of these custom operator catalogs and having shared repositories for different verticals, such as government, energy, manufacturing. And then also we have partners that are creating solutions on top of OpenShift and for these solutions to create more value for their customers, they are building catalogs. And Andre, can you talk more about that? Yeah, sure. Thanks, Karina. Yeah, we probably fall into all three of these categories to some degree. So with Cloudpacks, we have a set of capabilities that we want to all expose as independently manageable and deployable capabilities. We have plenty of customers that we work with who are running their clusters in kind of a disconnected mode so that they can't pull things directly from the internet. So we need it to have a way to expose them in an installable fashion that we could bring to that cluster. We also want it, since there is tons of operators already out there, we want it to kind of carve out our own little space for them and an installable, separate catalog actually helps us do that. And then later in this presentation, I'm going to show you what it looks like in a demo. Back to you, Karina. Thanks, Andre. Let's walk through some steps on how to create a custom operator catalog. By now, you've probably been creating catalogs. And to show you the workflow, this is simplified, but you have your custom catalogs, and then you've created a bundle.  Now don't worry, I'm going to walk through each of these. All right, first, let's create a bundle image. Now, if this command doesn't look the same as what you're used to using, OpenShift operator SDK is constantly evolving, and now we have a new operator registry, and operator SDK has added all kinds of new enhancements. So that's why. If it doesn't look familiar, let's keep going. So first, let's create your bundle image.  Next, we create a Docker file from that bundle, and then build that into a bundle image. Now, let's make sure that we can push it into your registry. And that's what we're going to do now. Let's push your bundle image into your registry. For this example, I created one, I created repository in quay.io. Now, you don't have to use quay.io. You can use Docker Hub or your favorite registry. We like quay.io. We use it internally. We use it for many things. So let's push that bundle image into your registry. That way, we can make sure that the index can grab that. So now, let's talk about creating your index image. You have a couple of options. You can use OPM, which is great if you have one or a few operators, or you can use IIB. Now, IIB is index image builder. And that's what we use internally at Red Hat. It makes sure that you can build out as many test sequences as you want, or as many tests as you want. It really helps creating those tests and the production indices so it feeds right into your CICD pipelines. It also serializes your index operations. That way, you're not creating these race conditions. You want to make sure everything's done serially, and it takes care of that for you. So we recommend, for anything that scales, if you want your catalog to scale and make it simpler for your pipelines, use index image builder. However, we do still have OPM to create those images for you as well. And then we want to attach your index image to OpenShift. Now, there's several ways that you can do this. One of the most popular is configuring your catalog source, and then go ahead and directly apply that into your OpenShift cluster. And now, Andre, can you show us that deeper dive demo into IBM Cloud Pack so we can see what it looks like before you have the catalog and then once you do have the catalog? OK, yes. Let me share my screen here. I'm actually going to show what the final result looks like once the catalog is built. So what we do internally, and I'll get back to that when we're done with the demo, is that we have multiple separate teams built their operators. And then we kind of have a centralized process where we bring it together and they're building their bundles and that's what we're bringing together to build the index and build the catalog source and then publish from there. So we have kind of a process behind it. I have a picture that shows that. Once the catalog is out there, let me show you what that looks like. So this is a regular OpenShift cluster. It's freshly deployed. And you can see here right away, I sometimes point out that speaks for having a custom operator catalog is that here there's 402 items in here. So there's 400 tiles, right? It makes it hard. I have filters here, right? But like I said earlier, we'd like to have our own kind of collection being able to show our operators and our tiles in there. And the way that works is simply just like Karina was showing earlier, and I'm going to cheat here. We, in fact, we have two catalog sources. So let me put them in here. So this is one, we have a set of common services, common kind of things that we share across many capabilities. So we kind of group them into their own catalog. You can see that there is a poll that every 45 minutes will go and refresh that. And that's all really I need to do is, and I say create, and then it creates this thing and then I'm done. Let me go back and make sure we're creating the second one as well. So just copy and paste it in here. There it is. You see it's kind of like the same. We're pulling this, by the way, from Docker. We have our own domain there. So that's where our operator catalog lives. And we say create. That's pretty much it. So if we go back to the overview tab, we can kind of see that now it's pulling the images and it's doing things. The easiest way to see if it actually worked is to just go back to the operator hub and wouldn't you know what the first one is out here? That's the first catalog I created. And you see that these are more, it's for auditing a sort manager. We have some support for helm, those kinds of things. Let me actually refresh this. By now the second catalog should be there and there it is. We got 19 operators in there right now. And again, this now makes it possible for us to kind of group this in a nice way for only the things that we want to have. I don't want to go into the details. I'll just show you an example. So we have something called the cloud pack for integration. We have an operator for that. We can now say install that thing. We'll put it into a particular namespace and we say install and then it kind of sits there. Now it's gonna do its thing and what makes this interesting is that our operators all have plenty of dependencies on other operators that they pull in as well. And one of the advantages of doing, and you can see this, I'm not doing anything right now, it's pulling in all those dependent operators and it's making sure that those are installed as well. So there's a big benefit about the way that you can define these things in the CSV and then have this being represented in the catalog accordingly. Now one interesting piece to this is that at the same time we have these dependent operators. We also have the common ones that I, that's the catalog I showed first. They go into their own namespace. So you can do this dependency and deployment kind of automatic handling across namespaces. It just doesn't need to be just all in one namespace. And if we were to wait, then something would pop up here. There's a whole bunch more. It takes a while for the dependencies to get resolved and then pull down the operators and then they get installed. So this all happens magically, automatically in the background. Let me go back to the earlier ones. They're in this namespace here. Just show an example of where I could now say, well, here's one of those that I now wanna create an instance for. This is a capability we have in there. It's called the platform navigator.  Just wanted to show you and I have, because that takes a while because it needs to deploy a whole bunch of other workloads that are dependencies and so forth. And because we kind of reflect the dependency chain that we have with the operators in the workloads as well, of course. So let me kind of show you here is another cluster that I stood up where I have all of this in place. And so you see that I have that same one that was called platform navigator. This is the same operator. In this case, I already deployed an instance of it and it shows that it's all ready to go and I can even see the resources that it manages and so forth and I can go in here. And one thing we did is that we also put a console link in here. This is something that we've been struggling with in the past a lot is where we say we have an automated deployment of something out of whatever kind of catalog but then how do you know that it's done? How do you know where to go for example, go to some UI that then lets you work with this? So in this case, it just need to go here and here's our cloud pack and then I can do my thing with it. So that's all I wanted to show in the demo. Like I said, this is all coming together in the central process. It's then installed. We have, oh, let me show you one more thing here before I forget. We looked earlier at how I can just create the catalog source in there. We also have a helm chart in the developer catalog where I can click on helm. That's not in here, that's interesting. Oh, there it is. And I would have a, in here we have a helm chart that basically does the equivalent of creating the two catalog sources that are showed earlier. So that's even more kind of fully automated and then with these operators we're good to go. So let me stop the sharing here. Go back to the slides. There's a couple of things we wanted to talk about on top of what we just showed. This is kind of the flow. Like I said, we're doing this. We have been doing this for a while. We're an active member of the operator from our community and the SDK community because there's new things emerging and that's been very helpful for us to have that kind of exchange there with the people that are writing the code to see what's coming and how could we utilize it. I'm not gonna go through the details of this slide here. Just wanted to bring it up to show that if you're in any kind of scalable environment then you need to have a CICD process for this, right? If you go back to what Karina showed earlier, this is, you know, you build bundles, you build the index and so forth. Obviously all of that needs to be automated because you wanna do this kind of on a continuous basis. So we have a whole elaborate kind of process developed for this and this is a diagram trying to represent it. Like I said, a distributed organization where we have individual teams or developers, if you will, writing their operators, they're responsible for those, they're building the bundles and then they ship them to us and we have a central process where we kind of package it all together. We then upload this into, in our case, Docker Hub and that leads you to this catalog source that we saw earlier. So one recommendation I would always make is start thinking about how if you make the building of the catalog, or let me rephrase this, you wanna make the building of the catalog kind of a first class citizen in your development process. That's really what it comes down to. So you wanna have a CICD process defined with all the automations that you need to plug into. Another point I wanted to make is versions. That is something that we're struggling with is something that requires a great deal of discipline. I mean, we're building commercial offerings, but I would assume that even if you're like building in-house applications, for example, and building operators for those, you still wanna have a strategy as to how you version things and how you wanna make sure you can do updates and so forth in here. This is just an extract from an internal rule book, if you will, that we have defined and we're shipping that to all the development teams and basically saying, here's how you do versioning, here's how we do upgrades, because obviously the first step is the initial install, like what I've just shown, but then the question is, what if a new version comes along and how do we reflect that accordingly in the respective OLM data? So there again, the recommendation being, you wanna have a versioning strategy, you wanna define kind of how you version your, not just your operators, but also your operands as we call them, so the target workloads. In our case, we're tying them fairly closely together so that we can use the versioning mechanisms in OLM to essentially and effectively version our software. That then, here's the last thing, this is something that we built, is where now what triggered this whole conversation is actually the emergence and arrival of OpenShift 4.6, that's an EUS release, so it's gonna stick around much longer, also with our customers, and we kinda wanna reflect that, that means to us, and maybe that's special to a commercial offering like ourselves, but we also need to now see how can we, on the one hand, have a long supported kind of channel and branch, and at the same time have the ability to have additional new versions come out that maybe have a shorter support window, so in that respect, we're almost mirroring, if you will, what OpenShift does, again with 4.6 that sticks around for, I don't know, 18 months or so, so we need to have versions of our software that support it for that long, at the same time, we wanna be able to have new versions on top of that. So there again, I feel like every time or in our experience, I feel like once we got past the initial how do you build a catalog source and put it in there, which is not that hard, then where we spend most of the time now is to talk about topics like this, how can we automate this, how can we version things, how can we make sure that we can support this, again, coming back to being a commercial offering, and I would only assume that for most of you out there, as you're building your operators, you will hit very similar problems. So with that, that was all we had to show. Karina, you wanna wrap it up? Thank you, Andre. It's been really great working with partners like IBM and Andre in particular and all their teams. And as he mentioned, they're involved in the upstream communities, and they've been really adding a lot of features to the OpenShift container platform, like a lot of the other partners and customers out there. So please join us and the operator framework.io, you'll find all kinds of information, as well as the index image builder. If you wanna collaborate on that, that's at github.com slash release dash engineering slash IIB. So that's great and start creating your custom catalogs and we'd love to see them. Thank you.


Good evening, everybody. Please take your seats. Thank you I'm Susan Collins the Joan and Sanford Wildein of the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy And I am just thrilled to have all of you here with us this evening It was a real pleasure to meet many of you yesterday at the Ford schools commencement open house and It is just a real honor to Welcome all of you here for what is really Just such a highlight the culmination of the academic year the Ford schools 2013 commencement ceremony I'd like to start by introducing the members of the platform party with me on stage is the honorable mr. Paul O'Neill Our commencement speaker who will be introduced more fully in just a few minutes To Paul's left is Janet Weiss who is the Dean of the Rackham Graduate School and the university's vice provost for academic affairs for graduate studies Well, officially Janet is here representing the University of Michigan But it is our great fortune to count her as a member of the Ford schools faculty And so I'm delighted that she is here with us this evening Also on stage there are two additional faculty colleagues John Churchari who will be reading the names of our graduates and Carl Simon who will deliver the faculty address a little bit later and Finally elected by their respective classmates to provide the student commencement addresses We have the soon-to-be Ford school MPP graduate Cynthia Watanasami and BA graduate Eli day Well two years ago I traveled to Washington DC to attend the dedication of a beautiful new statue of President Ford Which stands in the US Capitol rotunda as one of the two statues that represent the state of Michigan That statue was created by a young sculptor and University of Michigan graduate Jay Brett grill The statue really captures something profound about our school's namesake and it does that so well That Marty Allen a longtime friend of the Ford school commissioned a scale model of that work of President Ford for his centennial the 100th anniversary of his birth, which we have been celebrating throughout the year 2013 that model now stands in the Ford school's great hall And I hope that those of you who are with us for the open house yesterday had a chance to see it And perhaps you were there earlier this spring when we unveiled the statue But for those who have not had a chance to see it yet it really portrays President Ford in a very special way He is standing he has books in one hand and the other hand perhaps has just opened his jacket But the expression on his face is ready and open. It's ready for whatever might come his way His stance is of a man who is moving forward a man about to move towards whatever issue or challenge May arise and when asked what he wanted to express in this quiet But really powerful statue of President Ford Brett grill replied that he tried to capture Ford and I quote Standing up and trying to heal a country doing the right thing rather than the popular thing Doing the right thing not the popular thing running towards a challenge instead of away from it We saw examples of that kind of heroism recently during the tragic events of the Boston Marathon Faced with the unimaginable Everyday people most completely unknown to one another Ran towards the injured and towards those who are in need and they tried to help and to comfort them To put one's fears aside and run towards whatever the challenge might be is difficult and it's humbling It's also an example of people of citizens at their very best and as President Ford once said Good citizenship and again, I quote requires personal involvement and action to bring about change Well, we live in a time that many believe is as challenging as President Ford's era But the challenges of our time are not insurmountable and Ford school students believe that wholeheartedly In fact, they count on it and they will run towards the challenges that the policy world throws at them And we know there will be many challenges They will catalyze great change in the world Today's graduates already understand what President Ford knew and that is that citizenship entails engagement That public service demands Humility and openness and that leadership requires both compassion and the courage to make difficult choices Well, bravo graduates. We're so proud. You have to keep up the good work for the classes of 2013 But before our graduates cross the stage and take up those new challenges It seems like a good time to address a question that might be a common one in some of your family gatherings And that question is just what is public policy anyway Well, public policy is our collective quest To address the most pressing and stubborn problems and to seize opportunities for society How can good science be translated into action to slow the pace of climate change? How can we address the persistently high unemployment and slow job growth, especially in struggling rust belt cities such as Detroit? How can we ensure that human rights and security are maintained in the context of growing threats to that security? The complexity of these and other challenges requires bright and energetic doers Who are prepared to move forward to find creative and viable solutions? Well in 2014 the Ford School will celebrate 100 years of educating just those sorts of public policy professionals Launched in 1914 We were the first graduate program in the nation to train professionals for public service in local governments And then in 1968 during one of this country's most tumultuous years Ips was born We were renamed the Institute for Public Policy Studies and our focus shifted to emphasize social science research Economics political science sociology and more as the foundation of sound public policy Like today's graduates Ipsers as they were fondly called Received rigorous training in the quantitative analysis of economic political and organizational questions Our focus also broadened to encompass national and international issues as well And in 1999 the school was named for President Gerald R. Ford and we wear that name so proudly As I have mentioned this year marks the 100th anniversary of his birth And we have been actively celebrating President Ford's remarkable life and legacy throughout the year That legacy is very much alive here at his namesake school Where we draw example and inspiration from his lifelong commitment to public service his courage and his decency Being named for President Ford catalyzed an era of tremendous growth Including the school's physical space as we moved into the beautiful Weill Hall in 2006 and growth in our educational programs Has truly reshaped our identity. It has made us one of the most esteemed public policy schools in the nation a Comprehensive full service school with outstanding PhD and undergraduate programs added to our flagship master's degrees So far 52 students have received joint doctoral degrees in public policy and either economics Sociology or political science and they have had impressive success in the job market earning tenure-track faculty positions prestigious postdoc fellowships and research posts with organizations such as the Federal Reserve Board the Treasury Department Mathematica Policy Research and the Gates Foundation We launched our undergraduate program in the fall of 2007 and it was an immediate success in terms of the quality of students It attracted The deep engagement of our faculty in teaching and mentoring and the postgraduate impact of those students our BA Alums are working in troubled school districts as Teach for America volunteers. They're serving abroad in the Peace Corps They're learning the ropes in DC and on political campaigns and they're earning advanced degrees and pursuing PhDs in fields such as law business public policy medicine and higher education Our excellent faculty continues to expand and with joint appointments that range from economics political science sociology math and history to business social work education natural resources information and urban planning Faculty expertise at the Ford School is truly broad and deep Our students will tell you that our faculty are also thoughtful enthusiastic teachers and mentors and They're actively engaged through their game-changing research and their direct public service with critically important policy challenges And let me give you just two examples John Chorchari is a senior legal advisor to the Documentation Center of Cambodia helping bring to justice perpetrators of atrocities committed over 30 years ago by members of the Khmer Rouge regime and Carl Simon Investigates lethal infections diseases like drug-resistant staph infections that target the most vulnerable patients in hospitals sexually transmitted diseases like HIV AIDS and avian malaria This has wiped out many of Hawaii's indigenous birds and his transformational research identifies factors that are most responsible for fueling the spread of those dire infections so that policymakers can better target their response I Am so proud of our terrific professional staff as well a team that keeps the Education the research the public service and engagement missions of the school moving forward We couldn't do it without all of them and at this time I would like to ask all of the faculty and staff of the Ford School who are here with us today if They would please stand would love to recognize them. Please all of our faculty and staff Thank all of you each and every one for all that you do for the Ford School and Now for the accomplishments of tonight's graduates What have they learned during their time here and what have they already given back to us? Well, let me start with our newest PhD graduates Emily beam Robert garlic Susan Godlinton and Daniel Murphy all of whom earned a doctorate in public policy And economics and Lafleur Stevens who has earned a doctorate in public policy and political science Well later you will hear their dissertation titles and from them you will get a sense of just how wide-ranging and Important their research has been I'd like to focus on their really impressive job market success Emily beam will be a visiting professor of economics at the National University of Singapore Robert garlic is currently a postdoctoral fellow at the World Bank Development Research Group and will join Duke University in the fall of 2014 as an assistant professor of economics Currently a postdoctoral fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute Susan Godlinton will be an assistant professor of economics at Williams College Dan Murphy will start in the fall as assistant professor at the Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia and Lafleur Stevens will join Princeton University as an assistant professor of political science in the fall We're so proud of each and every one of them as well. Congratulations We have 97 students earning a master's degree tonight the Ford schools rigorous MPP and MPA curriculum give students the skills to collect analyze evaluate and present information about a wide range of public concerns We encourage our students to take seminars that involve real-world policy consulting and we require that our MPP students apply What they learn in the classroom doing a summer internship our graduate students are incredibly diverse They speak 20 different languages and hail from 18 countries. They're also an athletic group They made the Ford school very proud We might be a small school, but we brought home the championship Stevenson Cup from the campus intramural League this year. So congratulations for that This group is also one of our most proactive and community-minded Groups to gate and they developed a new student-led course based on the TV drama of the wire They reinvigorated two really wonderful student groups the Domestic Policy Corps and women and gender in public policy And most recently they planned and organized a three-mile solidarity run through campus after the events in Boston Many members of the class have already finalized their immediate employment plans despite what as many of you know Is an extremely challenging federal hiring climate to the parents in the room? Please accept my personal reassurances that we will continue to work with and offer support to our graduates and all of Them will find work in city state or federal governments in the private sector in think tanks NGOs in the u.s. Or abroad There are 55 students graduating today with a bachelor of arts in public policy and they've received much more than a typical undergraduate education we sometimes call it the liberal arts degree on steroids in small classes with some of the University of Michigan's top faculty our BA curriculum trained students to Think critically and across disciplines to understand policy challenges and work to develop solutions Rba students are curious hard-working and very engaged The group boasts seven Phi Beta Kappa's and they are the ones who are wearing the gold cords tonight as well as 20 angel scholars and as you heard earlier today in the big house the inaugural winner of the Raoul Wallenberg award Zach Petrone The students truly are leaders and best across a wide variety of campus activities including athletics publications Politics and so much more The BA and MPP graduating classes presented the school with generous parting gifts totaling nearly $5,000 to fund opportunities for future classes Their gift speaks volumes about their belief in the value of a Ford school education and the importance of making those Experiences possible for others Well, we know that our graduates did not arrive at their accomplishments alone We're also joined by some 700 family members and friends tonight And I know that all of our graduates really value the love and the support that you have provided to them over the years So graduates I'd like to give you the opportunity To thank your family and friends both those who are here with us today And also all of those who are only able to be here in spirit. Thank you to all of our family and friends graduates On behalf of the Ford school. I say thank you for your investment in our community It has been a pleasure to work with you and to get to know you I know that many of you may have mixed feelings about what today represents You've achieved so very much, but you'll miss the many joys of life in Ann Arbor and at the Ford school You'll miss your friends and your classmates, of course and the holiday skits and Dominic's Sweeping up the competition at the room ball championships But despite all that you'll miss today It's also a day that is really truly full of promise promise of new work new cities new friends and new challenges Branch Ricky the Baseball Hall of Famer and UM alumnus who forever changed our national pastime by signing Jackie Robinson to the Brooklyn Dodgers Once said and I quote if things don't come easy. There's no premium on effort There should be joy in the chase and zest in the pursuit Well, you know that there will be times when things won't come easy Especially in your chosen profession the universe of public policy But appreciate the getting there remember run towards the challenge and give to the world what you have given to us at the Ford school your Engagement your intelligence your compassion and your unwavering commitment to fostering community And whenever you're in town Please remember that you can walk through those doors on state and hill Just to say hello to tell us what you're engaged with Know that you will always have a home here in Ann Arbor. We are so proud of you congratulations and best wishes to the classes of 2013 and go blue and now it is my great pleasure to introduce our 2013 commencement speaker the honorable mr. Paul O'Neill Mr. O'Neill served as the 72nd United States Secretary of the Treasury Mr. O'Neill was a colleague of President Ford's he joined the White House Office of Management and Budget in 1967 and served as the deputy director of OMB during the Ford administration from 1974 to 1977 he went on to tremendous success in the private sector as well He was chairman and CEO of alcoa until his retirement in 2000 as well as the chairman of the rand corporation He's engaged in a number of philanthropic and community service endeavors in his hometown of Pittsburgh Including initiatives that are aimed at improving health care quality and patient safety He's been a really good friend to the Ford school as well and was one of the key leaders who helped us in building while Hall mr. O'Neill has a master's in public administration from our sister school at Indiana University And so he's deeply familiar with the kind of preparation that our students have received We are so honored to have him here with us and Very proud to introduce him to deliver our 2013 commencement address. Please join me in welcoming mr. O'Neill Thank You Dean Collins The Dean was good enough to invite me to come here and I was grateful for the opportunity because while I've had many opportunities since my days in the Ford administration to reflect on those days and to Be interviewed At places like the Miller Center for the study of the presidency at the University of Virginia about those days and Be on the record in a lot of ways. I really look forward to the opportunity To tell you something about what in my heart about a Gerald R. Ford so faculty parents spouses children graduates It's so great to see you So I want to give you a really important piece of advice if you don't remember anything else I'd say I hope you'll remember this whatever else you do in your life Budget time to have fun So one other thing I've learned in giving commencement addresses the only sure applause line is one that says I'm going to be brief And I am It's my hope that in your time here You've come to know something about the namesake of your school My own experience with president Ford began when he was the house minority leader and then vice president and then president and Then through his post-presidential years I Went to tie my own memories of working with president Ford to the principles he lived by Which I commend to you as guideposts for your own lives Present Ford was a lifelong student. I commend that to you and He lived by the motto be prepared on the micro level I Remember his calling me in wanting to know the local economic consequences of the placement of off-ramps from Interstate highways what kind of businesses would be Attracted how many jobs would be created what would happen to property values? And you wouldn't be surprised to know he was particularly interested in off-ramps in Michigan On the macro level He was a member of the House Appropriations Committee for 23 of the 25 years He was in the Congress and he became a leading expert About all matters that run through the federal fiscal policy He was a student of the substance not just the numbers and he was particularly knowledgeable about matters regarding defense and national security When he became the president He saw the budget as his instrument for shaping and expressing priorities He believed the budget reflected Revealed priorities not smarmy stuff people say about things But the hard facts of how we allocate resources to or not to the many thousands of competing demands in our lives During his 29 month in office he spent hundreds of hours Personally deciding what levels of financial support should be requested for everything in the budget I Spent those hours sitting at the right corner of his desk With the sunlight streaming in through his shoulder when the when it wasn't moonlight Sharing facts and analysis as he made his decisions Others were there from time to time Vice president Rockefeller Jim Lynn Jim Cannon Carla Hills to name a few The president puffed on his pipe. It was still okay to do that then He quieted Liberty his wonderful dog with his right hand While he peppered us with questions Having been in the government for some time before I had the pleasure to serve as the deputy director under him I was a student of presidents and budgets and I knew that the last president To personally present his budget to the media was president Truman So as we completed the preparation of the budget in December of 1975 I recommended to president Ford that he present his budget to the media and Answered their questions in an open-ended format So in January of 1976 the media hundreds literally hundreds of reporters Assembled in the large auditorium at the State Department and the print president Answered their every question for more than an hour and a half He dazzled them with a mastery of detailed facts that he knew He was prepared It was interesting when we were assembled on this stage the president was at the far left end of the stage and Arrayed across the stage for all of the cabinet secretaries and leaders of agencies and a few people like me at the far end of the stage and The president got up and he said something I remember got a pretty good laugh He's he after introducing the key facts about that year's budget presentation He said and all of these people here are even more expert than I am about all of these things and I may call on some of them to Answer your questions, but I want you all to understand including them that I may choose to add or subtract from what they tell you In good humor and people like that a lot You know, I remember I was saying this day yesterday and one of the events we had To illustrate how much the president knew about his own budget. I think it was the 28th of December of 1975 And we had an early morning meeting. It's like seven o'clock in the morning in the Roosevelt Room across from the Oval Office And when the meeting broke up the president motion to me and said stay behind for Paul So I said okay, and he said I've been thinking about the decisions that I've made and I know it's really late in the budget process And if you can't do this, you should tell me honestly in those ways days. You can't imagine this. We didn't have Excel sheets We didn't have computers so when we put together a budget that the budget document and the appendix and all the supporting documents had thousands of pages and unbelievable numbers a number of numbers in them and So if we changed one number when we got to December the 28th It caused changes in 4500 numbers because of the way the budget is Assemble then the numbers feed into each other until you get to the final number for the total of the budget So activities go up through departments and agencies and activities and all the rest of that and into all the cross-cutting tables So he said you can't do this just tell me So he said this is what I want to do. I've been thinking about it and the decision I made for the budget for the foundation for national Arts and humanities was to provide or request a hundred and ninety five million dollars for the arts and humanities in this budget and I will if you can't I want to raise it to two hundred million dollars So I can be the first president to recommend $200 million for this important subject So I didn't know how we were gonna do it, but I said of course mr. President will get it done and we did But you know, I hope it conveys to you How much he cared about what he did in every way about everything and How much mastery he had of the details of how we allocate resources in our society parenthetically, I have to tell you this present Ford would have been appalled at The two frequent conversations that occur these days When people argue about what the level of defense spending should be as a percentage of GDP He knew in his time how many people He thought we needed by service in uniform How many ships how many aircraft by types and capabilities for him Defense spending as a percent of GDP was a consequence of need not some artifice of of a macro fiscal policy judgments present Ford was guide by a guy by a maximum Do the right thing? When I say that for many of you you may immediately think about the Nixon pardon Which only after 30 or 40 years it became up? Popular sentiment that it was in fact the right thing, but I want to offer you two other examples That at the time Or what I call against the tide So imagine this 10 days after taking office He issued a proclamation for conditional amnesty for draft evaders saying this Reconciliation calls for an act of mercy to bind the nation's wounds and to heal the scars of divisiveness That was a courageous thing. It was not a popular sentiment And then in April of 1975 He announced the resettlement of a hundred and thirty thousand refugees from Vietnam He said this to do less Would have added moral shame to humiliation And as he made the announcement he called me in and told me Paul this needs to be done flawlessly Because there's a strong sentiment in the country not to do it But it's the right thing to do and I don't want to give any ammunition to the critics So he was an empowering president and he said Do it flawlessly and do whatever you need to do And so I assembled the heads of all the departments and agencies that needed to be involved in this including a representative From the Defense Department who was a young general and they were in my office in the old executive office building and I was saying to them this is what the president wants to have done and We need to reopen what had been a military camp during the second war and Fort Chaffee, Arkansas and Indian Gap Pennsylvania and a number of other places in the country and when I was finished telling them what we need to do the general said to me Well, I presumed that you were going to say this to us And so I had a conversation with the secretary before I came over and the secretary said to tell you We can't We the military cannot be involved in this it will deplete our our readiness to do our primary mission And I said, you know, that's very interesting. So right here where I can reach it is my telephone and when I pick it up I have a direct line that connects me to the White House and I'm going to pick it up and Put the president on and let him tell you And he looked at me and he said that won't be necessary You know, I didn't it was really unusual to have anyone challenge an order that I Suggested to them came from the president and it wasn't often I had to invoke the president people were good about saying Okay, we'll do what the president wants us to do But I tell you what I did it with Absolute certainty that the president would say Generalistic commander-in-chief just do what mr. O'Neill told you He was that kind of a friend Finally, I want to urge on you the adoption of president Ford's personal qualities In all of my experience with him I never saw him diminish another human being By his act or ward He was an uplifter in matters big and small When my wife was invited to attend events Musicals and speeches and other events He would hold her hand and Tell her how much he appreciated my work for him At Christmas time He would call our home to wish us happy holidays The last weekend of his presidency He told me to take my family to Camp David as a final thanks That's a memory My wife and four children will never forget so To properly carry forward the legacy of Gerald R. Ford You need to remember and practice Only a few ideas The first idea is be prepared I think you've been Privileged to be here where you understand the idea of be prepared Second Do the right thing There is no job title No amount of money That's worth the sacrifice of principal and above all else. I Remember these words I'll tell you the long version and then the short the longer version is on my honor I will do my best to do my duty To God in my country It's too much for you In all you do in life Remember those three words on my honor Thank you and Godspeed Thank you very much At this time I am delighted to welcome members of the amazing blue to the stage Amazing blue is the University of Michigan's oldest co-ed acapella ensemble and they will perform two classics from the Michigan University of Michigan songbook amazing blue Thank you very much Each year the Ford school's graduating students are asked to elect people to play key roles at commencement In particular one faculty member is chosen to speak to the classes Both sets of graduating classes chose a representative student speaker as well as The faculty speaker the classes of 2013 have elected professor Carl Simon Carl is a professor of mathematics economics complex systems and public policy and he directs our science technology and public policy program He was also the founding director of the University of Michigan Center for the study of complex systems Carl in 2012 received a Rackham distinguished faculty achievement award for his long-time commitment Both to research and to teaching Carl has taught calculus to many of our graduates and as you know that is no easy subject It is really a tribute to Carl's popularity and standing among the students that and perhaps Despite his course. They chose him to deliver the faculty address and so I am delighted to invite him now to Speak on behalf of our faculty Carl Thank you class of 2013 for this honor and this opportunity Has Dean Collins said it's a day of joy mixed with a little sadness Joy for the opportunity to take your credentials your knowledge your skills to make a difference in our world Or at least maybe to take the next step at making that difference and maybe sadness at leaving your fellow classmates Hopefully your fellow teachers At the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy So in the remaining hour that I have I would like to try to sum up For you and for me, but especially for your family members Just what is it that's so special about the Ford School? I Get this opportunity often. I'm on three or four Faculty hiring search committees and I'm often asked the question Why come to the University of Michigan and why especially to that Ford School of Public Policy? Just what makes you em and FSPP such a special place Well, I've thought about this and so I have some suggestions for you. I am I think it's pretty straightforward They're for for Smart engaging and creative faculty Smart Engaging and creative students and I've taught it and and I'm actually somewhat serious about this I've taught at a number of schools and it really there's a really a difference teaching here and it's pretty exciting The other part however, there are a number of schools that have those characteristics But there's a characteristic that only the University of Michigan has and that's thin walls you feel then the winter I know It's it's the top-down encouragement of cross-disciplinary research The realization that there's no problem out there that can be solved only within one discipline and and the fourth item is The incredible cultural heritage we have that includes the the music the theater the dance that comes to this room and also Hill auditorium down the street Those are my answers and I think I think they hold water What about the Ford school why the Ford school of public policy so I also have thought about it and I have four or five Deeply felt reasons why I think we are special and that you made the right choice and I hope you agree One is as the dean suggested. We're a combination of a professional school and a social science discipline So we we we've talked about how to get policy done and why and how to analyze I think that's important, but even beyond that as the dean also suggested I think we are the most quantitative public policy school in the country and that gives an impressive Toolbox of solving problems. You don't just pull down a Software solution you people actually have been taught and have thought about how to look at And solve and analyze a problem and the world knows this and I think that this will make a big difference in your careers The third reason is the student community It's truly a community really diverse community, but a community and I think that's important And I tell everybody that you have no idea how easier it makes my job Knowing that you're there helping teach each other answering each other's questions helping me and that's a it makes this place special The fourth is this group over here to my left. I this is my family. I love them you know, I We brainstorm with each other We we listen to each other. We write papers with each other. We actually spend our free time with each other I've been to baseball games with the Barry Raib I've eaten dinner at Bob Axelrod's house I played poker this week with John Chamberlain and and Melavitsky and Alan Dierdorf and sometimes Paul Carrant and Yajur Henry Next week Carrant and Chamberlain are going fishing and when they come back. I hope I'm going birdwatching with Chamberlain And just a couple weeks ago we hosted a wine party It was Sandy and Sheldon Danziger and Mary Corcoran and David Thatcher and Paul Carrant and John Chamberlain and I at the home of the dean for a group of public policy students This this camaraderie I think makes a difference and and this sort of hints at the fifth and that is these communities are not separate We've thought about joining them and keeping the To one large so that the whole is far bigger than the sum of its parts So I think so I love this place and it's you know, I thank The faculty the staff the students. I have a couple other offices, but this is my home So now I want to get a little nostalgic How did this arise? How did this community of incredibly interesting creative people come about so I've done go work I've talked to John Chamberlain about this. We're about to celebrate our hundredth anniversary and our 50th as an Institute of Public Policy studies and the answer is simple. It started that way Okay, in in the late 60s Pat Crescent whose origins like Secretary O'Neill's are Is adult origins are actually in Pittsburgh at CMU? Was charged with building a charter for an Institute of Public Policy and he thought of all the things that I've talked about And how to make them happen. I Came about 10 or 12 years later and I found the dream team Both in terms of faculty and in terms of students so there were political science and the amazing thing is So most of them are still here, okay I've been to many places where the turnover faculty is great in the school public policy We enjoy it and we enjoy the community so much that we are still here enjoying it Edie Goldenberg who later became who there were three directors that made it special I think Edie Goldenberg Paul Caranth and John Chamberlain took their turns They're all still here and enjoying it and directing We have a few people left Bob Putnam left to become Dean of this Kennedy School out east You know some people At the center of all this however Is someone who can't be here because he passed away a few years ago our dear friend Ned Gramlich Ned was a director when I came He was director most of the time I was here. He was the first Dean of the School of Public Policy he left to Become a member of the Federal Reserve Board with with Alan Greenspan and also like our distinguished speaker disagreed quite a bit with the with his boss and In fact, you know tried to warn him unsuccessfully about the coming housing crisis After his term that came back also be a provost But he was such a spirit of glue that that held us together. What about the students? Well Pat Crescent thought of this from the start You'll be glad to know Dean Collins. They actually brought a keg of beer Every Friday to the student lounge to start building this community Might be a little harder these days And and then there was students so when in 1980 one of the wildest students was a young kid named Jeff Mackey Mason This Mackey Mason character War earrings and pins and and and and Mohawk hair and did everything to be wild in particular he wrote us a parody of the School newspaper which was then called the Ips tips. He wrote the Ips rips. It was full of sarcasm satire and Some friendly not so friendly insults of the of the of the faculty And you know what? We couldn't wait till it came out to see if we made the Ips rips and I still have my complete collection For example Ned Grammick who once accidentally kicked a bucket and teaching was portrayed in the Ips rips always with a bucket as one of his shoes Jeff by the way turned out to be another typical Ips graduate he went and got an Econ a PhD in economics from MIT came back to teach at the University of Michigan and now Still wearing the same clothes is a dean of our school of information What another sort of really bonding incident was the holiday skit and I remember my first one I portrayed Trays first Predecessor who was bald and I actually had to wear a swimming cap to cover my of women's swimming cap to cover my bald head To be part of this skit But there were wild things like professor Larry Moore was a great banjo player playing his favorite song talking program evaluation blues and Larry and one of the best-named public policy students win cash dollar used to sing a song whose chorus went Sitting in the back row working on my macro Win went on to be a co-founder of the capital steps another Ips rip-off So you see the wonderful spirit that's the essence of the Ford school the spirit that still thrives and I want to mention Part of the part of the hard work has been to keep that spirit going. We've been lucky to have deans Blankin Collins who have really understood that and nourished it and there have been two faculty members I want to single out Elena del Banco The writing instructor who helped all of you who's just retired and Sheldon Danziger who came Not long after the events. I've described. He is a self-proclaimed apostate economist Sheldon's off to head the the the Russell sage foundation. We're gonna miss him deeply Anyway, this is the spirit that has nurtured us. I hope it'll nurture you Continue to embrace this spirit to cuddle with it to brag about it to others and most important most important Don't forget to start your day with algebraic aerobics Should we show them how come on up? up up up Ready x squared minus x squared x cubed minus x cubed x squared go blue Algebraic aerobics, thank you Carl The undergraduate class of 2013 has elected Eli Day to speak on their behalf Eli's focus area His focus area at the Ford school has been global poverty and economic growth He spent last winter semester studying abroad at the American University in Cairo Where he volunteered to teach English to refugees from Sudan? He has served a number of roles with Congressman Hanson Clark's office from fundraising and volunteer Mobilization to policy advisor and liaison with the business community in June of 2011 He was selected by the Detroit City Council to participate in a young Americans roundtable discussion with officials from the Obama administration Eli, it is a great pleasure to welcome you to the podium Thank You Dean Collins for the introduction for school faculty staff and community and of course the family and friends many of whom are present And to my fellow graduates, I'm deeply grateful to you all for trusting me with these five minutes as I do my best To capture the diversity of feeling that this moment carries Particularly as the feeling begins to settle in that life is leading somewhere and that policy may mean more than the free sandwich Is given to us at orientation Righteous as they were But today we begin to live policy and confront the consequences of its legacy And so I think it's important that we begin by acknowledging the indigenous populations whose land we gather on today We must provide that affirmation one because we don't do so enough And two because these populations where the targets victims and most importantly survivors of policy a legacy that we inherit Similarly, I'd be remiss not to acknowledge a childhood friend whom I ran into not long ago We've kept in touch intermittently throughout the years, but have been interrupted by his on again off again incarceration a Friend whose anger was used not as a tool for understanding the consequences of maldistributed resources or even a lived reality within that context But as a justification for his continued restraint and silencing a Friend whose mother's concerns about her son were referred to our school security staff before any administrator a Policy as we got on with the business of catching up and reliving memories past He told me he was proud of me for my accomplishments for distance travel He told me he had only dreamed of college in the type of access I had grown to take advantage of The tragedy of his story is not in this isolation, but its frequency His absence in the absence of countless others is only amplified by the empty seats that remain in this auditorium They serve as a clarification That the extension of the privileges that we enjoy to those who have only dreamed of them does not threaten our position But better positions all of us who are interested in getting this thing right This moment is as much about them as it is about us And it is with this dual consciousness in mind that I give my remarks today The consciousness that says we can simultaneously celebrate the proud legacy we inherit While also making allowance for our grievances with that legacy In the same way that we can embrace the accumulated wisdom of past generations while also holding it to scrutiny The two do not have to be incompatible. And in fact, I propose they be married throughout our engagement with policy So that while we celebrate our elite education, we also resist its trappings Of training leaders and not always thinkers Holders of power but not its critics That we can work to alleviate human suffering where we may while recognizing the limits of policy Because while we take pride in our positions as the change makers and leaders of today and tomorrow We understand that that leadership often means stepping aside Creating the space for those we serve to articulate their own humanity as only they can And at a time when the premium is placed on the immediacy of action I hope that we have the courage and humility to admit when we don't know Which we begin by thinking our way outside of our assumptions one solitary skeptical resistant mind at a time And when we do understand Just when we've become most comfortable in our wisdom, I hope that we question ourselves more in that moment than at any other And even though many of us have shared the fear of time wasted, I hope we resist the call to action that says do it But don't think too much That fear for many of us comes from the concern that the communities we serve and indeed that some of us call home Often do not have the luxury of time and in turn we adopt that limitation as our own Our challenge is to confront that because we have the privilege of time. We must do our best to not squander it To be conscious of time but take the time to think and not act That we may learn to exercise control over what we think and the choice of how we construct meaning from experience To think revolutionarily and resist accusations of naivety for the promotion of an impossible agenda Resist the accusations that our idealism is informed by madness or is in fact madness itself That madness can inform a creative genius our forerunners would encourage us to embrace Embrace it as we've embraced the differences that have filled every lecture hallway and discussion. We've occupied together Well, we brought fundamentally different lenses and filters to what have been two years of shared experience I've also found a fear of difference where there should be celebration because more often than not those differences correspond to gaps and knowledge That can be filled through shared experience The value of which is limitless, but should stop at the favoring of uniformity over difference So at best then let our efforts transform the world At worst let our best efforts change the tone of the conversation Let understanding guide our analysis Let our analysis be followed by diagnosis and our diagnosis by treatment and if that treatment proves misguided Let us be brave enough to start over Graduates It has been a pleasure to learn with you To grow with you and to walk beside you. It's been righteous Thank you all Thank You Eli and Now we will hear from the student who was elected to speak from the master's class of 2013 Cynthia Rathinasamy Cynthia's coursework at the Ford School has focused on international development Human rights and gender specific policy issues She interned last summer with the State Department where she assisted in transition planning related to the conflicts in Syria While at the Ford School she has planned successful events for student organizations And she's written articles for our school magazine and for the International Policy Center. She's also hosted debates she earned her undergraduate degree in political science from Penn State and Given that big 10 rivalry I I understand that for two years now. She has steadfastly refused to sing the victors Well fortunately for us her classmates do not hold that against her and indeed they have selected her to speak on their behalf Cynthia it is an honor to invite you to the podium Thank You Dean Collins and thank you Eli. That was amazing reminder in August 2010 I decided to go to graduate school for a typical but ignoble reason because I wasn't promoted up my job At the time I was frustrated. I was unfulfilled and I wanted much more out of my career I saw policy school as a way to do that and also as an easy out But then a funny thing happened when I came here despite my utilitarian reasoning for coming to Michigan I started to really enjoy talking about policy I would get riled up about policy issues and excited about discourse on the interactions between policy Policy makers the consequences of policy randomized control trials on pop the effects of policies policy talks policy webinars roundtables with policy wonks Everything policy however, this was a break. It certainly was not a margarita filled vacation in a while haul So what time what does all this time and sacrifice add up to what was the point? I spent a lot of time thinking about this question. I don't have a cohesive answer, but I have a few thoughts First I feel like it can finally answer the question. So what exactly is public policy? Without reverting to my previous can't answer. Oh, you know the study of how the government does things To me policy isn't just the study of what is going wrong with the world and how we need to fix it It is a practice of engaging in public service through empathy and learning It is knowing that I do not have all the answers and I never will But that I must try to understand various points of view Second I know that passion and idealism are worth having but they're not easy to hold on to and the past couple years I have found passions that I didn't know existed I have become a raging feminist and I now know that I want to work on gender equity issues But I've been told that's a niche topic. I'm interested in international development But I've been told that an American in this field is inherently paternalistic All of these comments have made me doubt and tainted my idealism and tempered my passion But then there are times when I don't doubt when I hear about the gender wage gap And I when I hear about women being used as tools of combat At times like that I know that the path that I'm traveling is right for me because I feel the drive to make the world a better place for women But in those times when I do doubt I try to hold on to the things that kept me coming to Wild Hall each day The first is something that I think we can all relate to we are all huge nerds And let's face it. We picked a we let's face it We get excited about some pretty strange stuff and as nerds we couldn't have picked a more perfect profession And what other field can we effectively use quantitative and qualitative studies? Happily attend wonky meetings and get really excited when Ben Bernanke comes to town Another thing is the recognition that my path is winding Last summer a higher up in DC gave me some advice that stayed with me. He told me to find my lighthouse Granted this advice was dispensed over a few drinks at a happy hour, but I promise it is good advice He asked me to think about these questions. What lights your fire and gets you raring to go each day That's your lighthouse Even in jobs that don't see relevant if I keep my eye on the right house in 30 years my path will make sense Finally despite the struggles in the doubts I found a passion and ideals to live by something I laughed before I came I gained lifelong friends And I had some of the best conversations of my life in Wild Hall and Anna and Ann Arbor For me the accomplishments didn't come easily. I want to take a few moments to say thank yous to the people who got me here Thank you for the Ford School staff for having patience with my questions and my doubts Thank you to the faculty for opening up new ideas to me and for encouraging me to push back in questions from their authority Thank you to my loved ones for your unending support and compassion Thank you to the BA who helped me help pick me off the Wild Hall staircase after I fell them up them Coffee and all in my first week at Ford School. I never forgot that kindness, but I wish I had thought to ask for your name Finally, thank you to you 40s. We've done some remarkable things during our time at the Ford School We've spoken at conferences engaged in case competitions and made international friendships Worked on campaigns submitted countless memos and problem sets created organizations and started families We've become skilled at identifying the strange smells coming from the student lounge and figuring out just how little sleep We can still get and still be productive the next day Now as we prepare to leave these grounds either for employment or fun employment I know we will probably continue to have doubts, but there are three certainties that I'm looking forward to First I won't ever have to feel guilty again about choosing to watch Hulu over reading my economics textbook Second I have many more opportunities as a couchsurf now that you all will be spread throughout the world and country And I find and finally this will sound cheesy But I know that there are over a hundred more 40s out there in the world striving to make an impact Thank you and congratulations Thank You Cynthia, and now we are at the moment that all of the family and friends have been looking forward to all evening Our graduates are ready to come to the stage to receive official congratulations on a job so well done This year the names will be read by our faculty member John Torchari John is an assistant professor of public policy. He teaches graduate and undergraduate courses on politics political Institutions post-conflict law and transition John has an undergraduate and a law degree from Harvard capped by a master's degree in a PhD in international relations from the University of Oxford It is my pleasure to introduce John Torchari to call the names of our graduating students John. I'd like to begin by welcoming the PhD graduates from the class of 2013 First we have Emily Allison beam She'll be hooded by professor Rebecca Thornton And the title of her dissertation is information and labor markets in the Philippines Next I'd like to invite Robert garlic who will be hooded by professor John DiNardo The title of Robert's dissertation is essays in development economics and econometrics Our third PhD graduate is Susan Godlinton Susan will also be hooded by professor Rebecca Thornton The title of Susan's dissertation is three essays on employee and job trainee behavior Experimental evidence from Malawi Next I'd like to welcome Daniel Patrick Murphy to the stage Daniel will be hooded by professor Alan Dierdorf The title of Daniel's dissertation is modeling demand in international and macroeconomics And finally I'd like to invite to the stage LaFleur Nadia Stevens She'll be hooded by professor Vincent Hutchins The title of her dissertation is the effectiveness of implicit and explicit racial appeals in a post-racial America Congratulations to all of our 2013 PhD graduates I'd now like to introduce to you the members of the 2013 graduating class for the degree of masters of public policy and public administration first Komal Agrawal Haven K. Allen Nita Avalos Adam Bessenti Pooja N. Botte Andrew Robert Brecken Erica Brown Adrienne Hooper Call David M. Clark Peter W. Coates Rachel Commons Monica Cox Adam Grant Dewey Catherine M. Ditzler Ali Ersoy Vanita Leah Falcao Alexander A. Farivar Matthew Roy Filter Kimberly Foley Marissa Fortuna Lauren Elizabeth Frohlich Sandra Garcia Veronica Gonzalez-Stuva Christina Jane Hodge Catherine Hall Christine T. Hartman Yuko Higashitani Sarah E. Himes Yuki Ichihara Kauru Iida Cree Lane Jones Naomi Joseph Sunil Joy Dawn Lynn Keiser Vanessa Lynn Karjenian Jeffrey L. Kessner Chad Kiewski Andrew Kim Mackenzie Lynn Noling Jonathan Krasnoff Chicheng Li Samantha J. Lopez Satoshi Maruta Nina S. Maturu Caroline Johnson Meehan Shigeharu Minakawa Shigeharu Minakawa Keisuke Mizunoura Matthew Evan Modes Alma Esperanza Mordano Sijin Silvia O. Naohito Okazue Jessica Marie Olpair Hyun Park Katie Jean Perot Catherine Picard Jennani Ramachandran Marisol Ramos Sijin Silvia O. Naohito Okazue Jessica Marie Olpair Marisol Ramos Cynthia Rathinasami Brendan Reardon Andrew Ridgway Christina Toshiva Ridgway Jacob Roeberry Brian Christopher Runyon Richard Scott Kanika D. Shields Palavi Shukla Belinda Sirha Catherine Kirby Smith Nathaniel Smith Jiyeon Song Karen Cullen Spangler Sarah O'Brien Stevens Ruth Elizabeth Tabak Hiroyuki Tahara Renee Tetrick Zoe L. Thill Ingrid Schuster Tai Peter Tomasulo Daniel Truman Maharshi Vaishnav Katherine Valle Joshua Vermette Raeva Virjinkar CeCe Vu Allison N. Weaver Yuting Tina Wei Ebony Joy Wells Patricia Josephine Yingqi Wang Jessica Whirl Michiaki Yamada Michael Yates William Peter Yates Sokompanya Yu Katherine Valle Joshua Vermette Raeva Virjinkar Yates Sokompanya Yu Stephanie Zamorano Sarah A. Rola Zarate and Aili Jo. Congratulations to the MPP Class of 2013. I'd like now to introduce to you the BA graduates from the Ford School for 2013, beginning with Ryan Wolfe Allison Michael Ambler Lydia Stewart Austin Zachary Gordon Berkson Bethany Byron Michael Bloom Bridget Day Callahan Monica Gabriela Cersuela Holly Chuang Forrest Cox Eli Day Rohan Krishnandaran Daniel Lee Dixon Jeffrey Goldstein Uck Grosso Michael Geisinger Dylan Handelsman Jennifer Lynn Hoag Ryan Issaco Michael Jacobson Alexander Lazoff Gabrielle LaFleur Samuel Johnson Lewis Joseph Lichterman Elise McGrath Daniel James McCurr Jr. Matthew Scott Arturo Mejia Jordan A. Messner Marianne Myers Evan Thornton Nichols Leah Wollett Gabriel Ari Pachter Oriole Peppermaster Devin Parsons Zachary John Pillow Petrone Franklin Ryan Quinn Daniel Luke Ravitz Jennifer Romberg Jennifer Nicole Rodder William Matheson Scheffer Daniel R. R. William Matheson Scheffer Shalvinder Kaur Sira Andy Schaefer Julie Scherbil Lindsay Singer Loregg Staphanian Alexandra Sweeney Sabina Tarnufka Daniel Tempkin Caroline Titan Aisha Usmani Madeline Grace Wager Elizabeth Wildberg Simon A. Wennet Abigail Williams and Benjamin Zukowski. Graduates, would you please stand and face your guests in the audience? And now I would like all of the BA students at this time, please, if you would move your tassel on your mortarboard from the right to the left. I'm so proud to introduce and present to you the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy's classes of 2013. Congratulations, graduates. Congratulations. Thank you. Well, at this point, I would like to thank all of you for joining us here for our commencement ceremony. I'll ask that you remain seated until the class has exited. We have some light refreshments in the lobby and I hope that you will stay and enjoy the company and the refreshments and some photographs and I hope to greet a number of you in the lobby. Again, thank you and congratulations to our classes of 2013.