Hey Psych2Goers, welcome back to another video. Sometimes it can be easy to underestimate your own skills and capabilities, but it's important to realize your true worth. Only then can you confidently act towards reaching your goals and be the best version of yourself. So to help you feel more confident in yourself, we'll be talking about signs that you may be more intelligent than you realize. Number one, you're constantly curious. Do you question a lot of things? Numerous studies have shown that people who are very curious are likely to be smarter. This is because curious people are always striving to learn new things and to expand their knowledge. Being curious will also help you develop a more refined form of thinking as a direct result of expanding your knowledge and being able to account for more possibilities. Number two, you know there are many things that you don't know. There's a misconception that people who say they know more than they do come across as someone who is smart. However, studies have shown that this occurs due to an overestimation of their cognitive abilities. Instead, people who are more intelligent are not afraid to admit that they don't know some things since they have more accurate estimates of their own knowledge. This awareness will result in a motivation to learn and try new things. Number three, you can be funny. Can you make a lot of people laugh? A study by the University of New Mexico found that funny people tend to be smarter. This is attributed to the fact that both cognitive and emotional ability is required to process and produce humor. Additionally, funny people not only make others laugh, but they also laugh more themselves. These positive emotions increase the production of dopamine, which opens up the learning centers of the brain. Number four, you have high self-control. Do you make a lot of impulsive choices? A study conducted by Yale University in 2009 supports the claim that intelligent people are better at controlling themselves to resist taking impulsive actions. The study consisted of giving participants the choice of receiving money immediately or more at a later time. The results found that people who scored higher in the IQ test are more willing to wait and receive more money later. Number five, you're messy. Did you know that Albert Einstein was known to be messy? People generally link messiness with laziness. However, a study in 2013 by Kathleen Foss showed that disorderly spaces can incentivize creativity as opposed to clean and tidy spaces that incentivize playing it safe. Also, since messy people are used to disorderly environments, they benefit from being able to focus under different circumstances as opposed to people who can only be productive in neat spaces. Number six, you're fine being by yourself.  According to a study published by the British Journal of Psychology, there's a strong correlation between intelligence and independence. Being alone gives you time to think and meditate on how to approach your problems and what you would need to complete the task most effectively. Number seven, you procrastinate. Do you always put things off until the last minute?  The time you spend stalling a task allows for creative and innovative thinking that may lead to more productive ideas. By not jumping straight into completing a task, procrastinators let more divergent ideas come forward so as to have a wider variety of options to choose from. Number eight, you stay up late. Do you often stay up late into the night? Several studies have shown a direct correlation between certain sleeping habits and IQ. A study published in 2009 in the Journal of Personality and Individual Differences showed that young adults who slept and woke up later had a higher IQ than those who slept and woke up earlier. People who sleep late tend to get bursts of inspiration due to the quiet environment where there are no distractions or obstacles to their creative thinking. Number nine, you took music lessons as a child. Music lessons are believed to help with children's mental development since music is known to stimulate the left side of the brain which helps with the development of language skills. A study made by Glenn Schellenberg consisted of comparing the IQ of children who had nine months of music lessons with children who did not take any music lessons and found that those who took music lessons had a relevant IQ boost as compared to the other group of children. And number 10, you're left-handed. Do you write with your left or your right hand? Research indicates that left-handed people have a divergent way of thinking which allows them to solve problems and tasks more creatively. This is supported by a study conducted by the University of Athens who concluded left-handed people have high scores in divergent thinking and cognitive ability. Do you relate to any of the signs mentioned here? Let us know in the comments below. If you found this video helpful, be sure to like, subscribe and share this video with those who might benefit from it. Subscribe to Psych2Go and hit the notification bell icon for more videos. The references and studies used in this video are added in the description below. Thanks for watching and we'll see you in our next video.


It's DDK and I'm back today with another video. Shush out to you if you are not subscribed. Go on and smash that subscribe button. Give me a thumbs up and do not skip those ads. We already here so we can get to this band. We got order number one. We're here to get these funds, baby. Cocoa's Cafe, two items, 4.8 miles for 8.25. It's a great time to be alive. Let's go. Cocoa's Cafe, get to clap it. Hey baby. Hey baby. Hey baby. Hey baby. How you doing? I have a pickup for water. You go the other way to a key in too, right? Yeah. Yeah, I remember seeing you. Okay, the water? You was, where you work at? Go Jules. Oh yeah, I know. I thought, I thought that was you. Yeah. You trying to get that money? So they own both of these? Yeah. Oh, okay. That's they getting money. Yeah. You have a good one. We are here to draw up this Cocoa's Cafe. Get to clap it. Hey baby. Guess what?  You can't make it on bacon. Put that photo smack. Okay. Let's go. Order number two. We're here to get this money. How about you? Walmart, 5.5 miles for 981. And we got to add on for 2.5 miles, 801. We're here to get these funds. Let's go. We are here, baby. Hit them with the scan ski so we can get these bands, G. I noticed lately that the Uber Eats app been tweaking. Like when you try to hit them with the scan ski, you can't go straight on to it like straight forward. You got to like turn it to the side. You don't have to ride. You about to slide. Say, leave it at the front though. I'm going to drop this water off first. I'm going to go back to the back. But we don't get this bag. They be hating, they be mad. You know what I'm talking about? Hello. How you doing? They fit your gut. Yes, ma'am. You have a great day. Enjoy. The second order. We're about to get an order, baby. They don't got that much stuff. So it should be quicker, fast. We can get this cash. We can get this fast. You know what I'm talking about? Are we hitting with this scan ski? It's wet out here, baby. It's snow. It's snowed a couple of days ago. Bitch. No. They say, leave it at the front though. I'm going to drop it on me. I'm going to look again. I'm looking right at them. It's snowed out, but it doesn't fit on the chair right here. So they can reach out and get it quick. Where did that door go? Is that back in the photo? Man. Let's go. Order number three. We back at Walmart to get busy. Walmart, 7 miles for 14.02. They don't know what we're here to do. We're here to get busy. But guess what? I ain't going to lie, baby. We are playing with fire right now. Last time when we came here to pick up that last order, guess what happened? Somebody came out here with like 10 bins. That was super high and they declined the order. So I don't know if we're going to get that or not, baby. Hopefully we don't because guess what? We're going to decline the two. Let's see what we're about to do. 2,000 years later. So guys, guess what? Unfortunately, we had to cancel that order, baby. They was taking 3,000 years. They never came to the car. They never asked us nothing. I tried to ask one of the dudes. He ignored me, kept on walking and stuff. So it is what it is, baby. We had to cancel that job. But we have no orders in our area going on right now. So what we're about to do is we're actually about to go to West Conson to see if we can get this Costco drop for Instagram, baby. It's our first time ever doing this. So stay tuned to be able to see what happened. We don't know, baby. It's been absolutely terrible. And just stay tuned to the full videos, baby, because guess what? We've been talking about making some changes to some things, baby.  I hope you guys are enjoying this video. Again, if you're not subscribed, go ahead and subscribe. But give me a thumbs up and do not skip those ads. We're about to go to West Conson right now. And hopefully we get to this bag. Let's go. Guess what? On the way to Costco, look will pop up. Wow. Costco, two orders, 19 items, 7.6 miles for $27.93. We're about to go over here and get busy. Let's go. I got four pages of stuff I'm supposed to get. I don't know the store that much. So my business partner told me to come over here first and see if it's over here. And then if not, go to the other side. You know how we ride. You know we go slide. It's the real part that you cannot get in. One of these, come right there. All backstitch right here. Okay. What it say on the 3380. That's them right there. So then we're over here right here. We got the paper plates. That's it. Let's see. Paper plates. 225 count. 225 count. 8 by 30. Yep, that's it. Got that. Yep. Here's the waters right here. So I'm going to take these out first. Put the waters under here. That's where it ripped. So I think this is 37.5. That's it. Just sit right here. We need one of those. Okay. We got this right here. Ultra soft. We need one of these. Got that. Okay. Right here. Sit right here. One, two. Food points buried apple right here. And we need one of these. And that is it, baby. Our here's our order number one. We're here for a little fun, baby. It says, Hannah's a customer. Guess what? If you don't want to ask, guess what we doing? We going, we about to get it on. We wasn't in there for long. We probably was in there for like 12 minutes max, you know? When the man got busy. You know what I'm talking about? Remember our first time doing Costco? It was terrible. Hello. Oh, perfect. Yeah, you go. I am a suit. Perfect. And that is everything. You have a great one. Order number two, baby. We put off that wagon. We put off that wagon. This one has way more items than the other one. We're going to put everything right here. We're going to put everything right here. So they can come out and get busy real quick. I don't want to put it all in their way because they don't have to leave when we come out. So just right here. Right there. There's the person right there. Bam. Put these right here. Bam, bam. Bam. Let that milk. That boy needs some milk. Wow. That's right there. Bam. That's the least this. Wow. Sit back here with the photos. Man. Let's go. Guess what, baby? After we did that Instacart order, I got to take a message. Wow. Yeah. The test message said, good morning. Are you available for a rock tonight? I said, absolutely. He said, cool. I said, I appreciate it. He said, I appreciate you, man. So guess what, baby? It is MCR and we are in the car. We didn't do any more orders on DoorDash or anything because it was going terribly slow. We weren't making no dough, baby. But guess what we have right now? We at CVS, we about to put the haters to rest. For those of you who don't know what Dropoff is, it's an app that I use where you go pick up specimens from CVS and then we go to another CVS and then we're jumping off at the airport. Well, today we're not jumping off at the airport. We are dropping it off at Starbucks, baby. So I hope you guys are enjoying this video so far. Again, if you are not subscribed, go ahead and subscribe. But give me a thumbs up and do not skip those ads. One more thing. Just so you guys know, I've never showed you guys nothing on the weekend, huh? So on the weekends, when you're doing Dropoff, instead of putting it in a box right here like these, we usually put them in this. On the weekends, you actually put it in this bag right here. So we're going to put the specimens in this bag. We're going to go to this next stop, put it in that bag, and we're going to keep going into this bag. Again, just not subscribing. Give me a thumbs up and do not skip those ads. We're here at CVS. Time for us to get busy. Let's go. We are here, baby. It's time for us to get busy. Come up alone and let me know how many specimens it's going to be in this box. Let's see. There's something light. Y'all ready? One, two, three into the boat.  I can drag you. That's the dough. Step back for the photos. Man! Let's go. Stop, baby. How many specimens they got in this joint? Comment below and let me know. I don't know why, but it seems like this museum has more than the other ones. So we're going to see you right now, baby. Great time to be alive. Was this going up? We're here at Starbucks to get these bugs, baby. We are waiting for the connector right now. It is now 7.49. And it's time for us to shine, baby. Hopefully you're here soon so we can get busy. I'm glad you guys are with me. Let's go. And just like that, it is the end of the video. I hope you guys enjoyed the content. Guess what, baby? Today we made two 1750 RRP Nipsey women out there and got busy. I hope you guys enjoyed this video. Again, if you are not subscribed, go ahead and subscribe. But give me a thumbs up and do not skip those ads. And like it tomorrow because we get back to the bag. Why we get back to the bag? The 2022 is still bad season. We don't keep on giving them a reason. I'll see you guys on the next one. We grew up, we grew up, we flew on you. We already know the DDK and I'm on my way.


Integrins are a family of transmembrane receptors that link the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton, allowing for cell adhesion, migration, signal transduction, and gene transcription. They play a key role in tumorigesis by promoting tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Recent research has shown that they are overexpressed or activated in human hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC, and that they may be targeted for therapeutic intervention. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of integrins in HCC, with particular focus on their expression, activation, and signalling pathways. It also updates the clinical, and pre-clinical studies of integrin-targeted drugs in the treatment of HCC. This article was authored by Chiung GAO, Jaolin Sun, Diu Fang, and others.


friends welcome to this new special video in the new year and in this video I'm not going to bore you with UGC net or I'm not going to even talk about English literature classical books I'm rather going to talk about my favorite books which you must try reading in this new year I'm sure that most of you are making new year resolutions and most of you are eager to develop book reading habit now since you're trying to take your you know get your hands on the books and trying to see whether the books can be your best friends I thought I can be of little help I've been a garden reader since my childhood and I have read a lot of books but then in this video I'm going to talk about those five books which I found to be super interesting they're super interesting super easy to read and also you can't keep them aside once you start reading them so I thought that why not let me share my book list with you guys so that if you have never tried reading books you can do it in this new year so let me know in the comment section below which are your favorite books and what you like about books in general I'll be waiting to read all your comments so before wasting any further time let's jump right into the topic and let's see which is the first book in the list but before that I would just like to talk about a very beautiful statement given by Jhumpal Hari she said once very beautifully that that's the thing about books they'll let you travel without moving your feet and that is the beauty when you start reading you get into that character you get into that location and you're so amazed that you can travel across the globe without even leaving your chair so books have that magic and I'm pretty sure that once you start reading these books you're going to get into a lifelong affair with them I'm not going to talk about any classical books or my favorite classics in this video because I know that there is little difficult to start or begin with because I have been reading Jane Austen I've been reading Charlotte Ronntay and they've been my favorites okay Sherlock Holmes all of them I can die for but I'm not going to talk about them neither I'm going to talk about the popular fictions which I hate I am absolutely against the writers like Chaitan Bhagat and Ravindra Singh list so the first book in my series of favorites is Haruki Murakami's Norwegian word now this writer Haruki Murakami was introduced by one of my very close friends two years back I suppose and he gifted me a book called Sputnik sweetheart when I was reading it I was surprised to see that a love story can be so much beyond a love story he knew that I always loved to read love stories so he gifted me that but this book and specifically this writer writes love stories with a difference is going to talk about so much beyond love stories is going to talk about what real love is so if you actually love romance if you want to read something which is not so burdensome which is light which can just give you a give you this kind of sensation that okay it's a happy nice world and still you can go beyond that can get into the shatters of your broken self and I can tell you more about yourself Haruki Murakami is for you and in order to begin with this great writer I think Norwegian would can be the best book you can pick so Haruki Murakami was nominated for Nobel Prize last to last year and I was surprised that he didn't get it but still if you can see that a writer is nominated for a Nobel Prize he must be having substance in his writing so is he a beautiful and a fantastic writer who is going to explore so much that you'll you'll not be able to keep it aside and if you have watched the movie wake up said I'm pretty sure you must have Konkanah saying reading that book in middle of a song so it's the same book Norwegian would and there's a beautiful line in that book which which is like very close to my heart and the line is that the most important thing that we need to understand is that we're not normal and when we understand this that we're not normal that is how we become normal so just look at the line it's so beautiful are we normal no we not and that is what makes us normal when we realize that we're not normal so it's complicated yet it is going to give you a lot of food for thought so make sure you buy it this year and read it and let me know in the comment section whether you like it or not the next in my list is Alchemist by Paulo Coyo now this book I think is a book which is for every age of teenager a middle-aged man and a retired person everybody can read it and they're going to find something or the other for their life it's a book which is somewhere like a self-help book but then it is fictionalized so it's a story of a shepherd who is trying to achieve his dreams and it's about dreams purposeful living and love of course also it is very linked to the idea which Shah Rukh Khan talks about in the movie Om Shanti Om that if you want something from your heart then the universe is going to conspire to get that to you also the most beautiful aspect of this book which I really like is how this character the protagonist he looks at every little thing which we normally don't look at he's going to look at trees forest he's going to look at sheeps and he's going to learn so much about life so the book talks about how you observe those little minute things and through those observations you get answers to the most complex problems of your life isn't it beautiful you're looking at the traffic moving and you're getting an insight about how you can sort things in your life with your best friend and that is the beauty of this book it's very interesting I read it in one night and I'm sure you're going to read it too because once you begin there's no stopping third in the list is my favorite author on whom I have done a lot of research and he is Amish Tripathi now Amish Tripathi began with a trilogy which he wrote by the name Shiva trilogy it's a book which is concerned with mythology though I'm sure that those of you who are not interested in mythology might say that okay this is not for as our but I'm telling you guys it's it's not that mythology which is going to bore you it is mythology in the most real and contemporary self there have been other writers as well ashwin sanghi dev that but now but I would not refer that to you because they are hardcore mythologist I'm going to talk about that writer who is going to talk about how mythology can be so relatable so in this Shiva trilogy it is like three books all of them link to each other and in this entire book series he's talking about a man who becomes Mahadev so it's not the story of Shiva Mahadev it's the story of a man becoming Mahadev what he goes through what are the mistakes he makes and how he tries to become better as a human being also at the same time if you look at this book you'll find out that you know he has used funny statements he has tried to make it as real as connectable as possible also at the same time you must have seen that from past few days I've been sharing quotes from Shiva trilogy on my Facebook and Instagram and a lot of students while they read this those quotes they were like okay this seems to be interesting from which book have you taken it so I thought that why not make a video and talk about Shiva trilogy in a better manner so I thought of you know sharing it with you also at the same time there's this beautiful line in this book which like really touched me and in that line he says that you know if we all are conscious about our own duties nobody is going to ever need any rights okay if you are conscious about our duties what duties I need to do do anyone would require any rights if you look at the Hyderabad gang rape that happened in so much is happening around that particular incident what what happened what generally happened some people forgot what were their duties their duty to respect a person's privacy a duty to respect a female's body they did not actually performed their duties well and that is the reason why government has to put up new laws put up new rights about people so it's very simple if we all do our duties nobody would need their rights so it's that beautiful one statement and you were lost in that statement you try to connect so many things with that statement and everything falls in their proper place that's the charm of a Mr. Party next in the line is Elizabeth Gilbert's eat pray love it's a beautiful book and there's also movie on the same so if you don't want to give it a first shot try watching the movie by Julia Roberts it's a beautiful journey about a girl called Liz and she went through a series of breakups her heart is shattered when the book begins and she decides that she's not able to you know live life properly she suffocated she has a nervous breakdown and she wants to just skip she just go away so she decides to travel for one year she first goes to Italy then she goes to India and finally she lands up in Bali and while she's going in this journey she's also developing as a person she goes to Italy she tries to meet new people eat the famous Italian food she comes to India went into an ashram tries to understand herself calm herself down through meditation practices and then she goes to Bali where she finally meets the love of her life but then how she meets the love of her life is important because while she's traveling she's trying to find happiness within herself she's stopping herself from getting dependent on people to give her happiness to take care of herself she tries to get in love with her own life love her own self self-care self-love becomes the important themes of this particular book and there's a very beautiful statement which comes again and again that we all are broken and that is how the light gets in so we all have to experience breakups heartbreaks and that is how we try to get more closer to our own self we try to understand what we really want what is missing in our life what are the things we are looking for in a relationship sometimes it happens that you know you find that you madly deeply in love with somebody but later you realize that no you don't find the person appropriate you were just being with that person because of the attraction because he was giving you attention so it was not the need of a person it was need for attention and when you realize this you shattered you like okay did I not love this person was I being in this relationship just because he was giving me a try attention which I was liking so it was my craving for attention and not my craving for love and that is that is how you become better as a human being you realize that okay I was living in a false world I was living in my own bubble and when that bubble breaks life is all beautiful all lovely all wonderful and worth living last but not the least is one of the most famous and favorite book of mine which is a non-fiction book of course we've been talking a lot about fiction books so now we're talking about non-fiction book and the top most book in that series is Mark Manson's subtle art of not giving a fuck now don't go by the title you might see that okay I don't know we didn't know that you read such kind of books no I don't so it's a beautiful book where this man has tried to talk about the contemporary issues that we adults as in the people who are trying to become adults and trying to move from their teenage and towards the adulthood are facing so there are chapters which might shock you when you look at the index there are chapters like don't try and you'll be like okay this man is telling me not to try but what we have been listening all this while is that you must try to achieve your goals always give it a short try only by trying hard you achieve what you really desire and this man says don't try so it might shock you but then when you start reading it you will understand that this man is going into the psychology and telling you that what are the issues we face when we try to be too much moralistic okay so this man redefines the concept of happiness altogether he says that happiness is a myth you might feel that okay I must be happy because a goal of every goal is to be happy but then he says that what is real happiness real happiness is about solving problems and you can never achieve a place of happiness because it's a constant work in progress because solving problems is a constant work in progress every problem you solve will lead to another problem and that is how the cycle continues again and again but then in middle of this somewhere you find your true self and that is what is the beauty of life so it's a very beautiful book which is going to be one of the most hilarious read for you and it is going to also transform you very subconsciously you'll not even realize that the book is trying to build an impact on you but by the end of the book you're going to be a changed person so these were my favorite books which I would recommend you to read in this new year please make sure you put that in the comment section which are your favorite books and which books you would recommend me to read also at the same time I would like you to follow me on all the social media platforms also the registration for the new batch for UGC net English literature is open and we have got limited seats so make sure you register very quickly and for any other queries you have the whatsapp number displayed above just give us a message and we are going to provide you all the details at the same time past your papers and all the other important information about UGC net is there on our website arpitaakarwa.com the full course syllabus is there available free of cost on our website so make sure you visit it once before you enroll in our course so with that note I would like to take leave we'll meet very soon in the next video lecture till the time we meet next happy learning keep loving literature and stay tuned to arpitaakarwa.com


Major international events such as the Football World Cup and the Olympic Games present a range of policing and security challenges for host countries, as well as taking place in large, complex and often dispersed locations. Such events can attract a range of criminal activities from disorder environments to cyber attacks and terrorism. Host countries and event owners are faced with the challenge of providing a smooth running and successful event whilst keeping participants and spectators safe and secure. Established by Interpol in 2012 in partnership with Qatar, Project Study was designed to create a centre of excellence to help Interpol member countries plan and undertake policing and security preparations for major international events. With its global network of experts in 192 member countries, Interpol is ideally placed to serve as a centralized international hub for research, design, planning, coordination and training to help meet these challenges all within a secure structure that assures the highest standards and confidentiality. Over the past five years, the learning accrued through Project Study from member countries that have successfully hosted major international events has been consolidated in a state-of-the-art web-based knowledge management system with two central components. First, a comprehensive knowledge repository of good practices in all aspects of major event security. And second, an online collaborative platform where experts in the field can share, discuss, analyse and publish information on evolving aspects of major international events' safety and security. By bringing together the experiences, best practices, success stories and lessons learned from Interpol member countries, Project Study's knowledge management system is part of its legacy to help future hosts strengthen their own preparations with the very latest knowledge and expertise. In partnership with Qatar, Project Study underscores the global commitment of Interpol in shaping best security practices for the benefit of all its member countries to help make the world a safer place.


Okay, welcome back. And yes, we shall continue on with what we were looking at. We were looking at what makes a good husband and wife team. We did refer to the first initial three points. We're going to keep going ahead. We were looking at what makes a good husband and team. The fourth point that is what really talks about is how when each of us as individuals have our own strengths, we have probably our certain interests. But when we can share some of these interests and pursue some things that are common, whatever it may be, it could be to do with maybe an intellectual pursuit, some kind of project or activity that you would want to do together, or it can even be learning God's word together, ministering together, going together to some form of a place where you can minister. When you share these common interests, doing things common, even simple things like maybe playing a game together, working together, all of this builds in a greater position. Even when the team together, as you're working together, each person becomes a good player in the team rather than becoming these individual contributors. Because when you work together instead of independently, you will find that many things multiply and it can be in your work area, it can be in the spiritual area, it can be emotional, it can be intellectual, rather than doing things independently working together as a team. When you work together as a team player, you know that the communication gets better. Decision making gets better. Working together as a team opens you up to probably certain criticisms as well. But being willing to accept those criticisms without feeling as if the other person is out to harm or out to be a little you, but taking it as an encouragement or taking it as a sense of growth. So you would see that when you work together in a team, there is one person who sees something that isn't working well that's helping the team. When it's being called out and taken well and not with criticism, it is definitely helps the team at a larger place or there is a larger impact in it. So being willing to take on those criticisms is another way of how you show that you work together as a team. Also, not defending your own ideas, but being willing to sort those ideas out so that there can be a better understanding together. When you are together as a team player, what you're also committing to do is able to take on your share of the load or your part of the load is something that you are going to be willing to take up. So, you know, and that's actually quite, this is so essential. Even, you know, as you start in marriage to be able to establish this, you know, who carries what part of the load together, the more in frequently that this gets established, the greater the team works. For example, let's say a husband and wife, a man and woman coming together in marriage may have, you know, certain things that they agree to do, but they need to revisit this when they become parents. Because while being parents, there could be so many additional responsibilities that's there. So being a good team means visiting your roles, you revisiting what are responsibilities that you may need to take on. So taking on and carrying on your part of the load really helps in building the team. Also, being a good team player means that you're not concerned if you get the recognition or not. The recognition goes to the team, right? Maybe someone does something well, but it is because someone has allowed that kind of a support. Probably, you know, one member of the team, you know, is getting a promotion. And that is probably because the other person, the other spouse has been willing to, you know, maybe let go of certain of their priorities so that the other person can have something met at that season of life.  So being able to share in the strength of another and supporting each other through the weaknesses is again a way of how you find a good husband and wife team. Okay. I'm going to look at quite briefly of what are some attitudes for teamwork in marriage. We've seen from scripture that there are specifically two main attitudes when, which is essential while you are in the part of a team when you're looking at the context of marriage. Okay. And the two attitudes is having a servant heart and being mutually submissive to one another, having a servant heart and being mutually submissive to one another. So when we look at scripture, and I think I'll ask somebody to read, this is in page 103, Matthew chapter 20, 25 to 28. And Philippians two, three and four, would someone take turns to read those two verses, please? Matthew 20, 25 to 28, and Philippians two, three to four. Ma'am, shall I read Matthew? Go on, Rupa. Please go ahead. Matthew 20, 25 to 28. So Jesus got them together to settle things down. He said you have observed how Godless rulers throw their weight around or quickly a little power goes to their heads. It's not going to be that way with you. Whoever wants to be great must become a servant. Whoever wants to be first among you must be your slave. That is what the Son of man has done. He came to serve, not to be served. And then to give away his life in exchange for the many who are held hostage. Thank you. Thank you, Rupa. So if you see, I'll just take up some part of that verse and then maybe someone can follow it up with Philippines two, three and four. So if you see Jesus talks about how in order to become great, one needs to be a servant. In order to become first, you need to be a servant. So what we and you do see the example of Jesus of how Jesus showed us the example of washing the disciples feet. And he brings that up later and says, you know, this is a pattern that that is there that I have for you and follow that, you know, do what I have I have asked you to do.  So what we would some read Philippines two, three and four. And then we will we will just get into a quick understanding of that. Philippine students, is it Philippine second chapter? Yes. Okay, okay. Fulfill you may my joy that you be like minded, having the same love, being of one accord of one mind. Let nothing be done through strife or vain glory, but in lowliness of mind, let each esteem other better than themselves. Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others. Okay, thank you. Thank you, Susan. All right. So what again, it talks up here is be humble towards one another, considering others better than yourselves. You're considering others better than you and you're looking out for the interests of the other person, which means you are placing yourself in a place of humility and looking at the interests of one another. So, you know, when we when we look at the role of the husband and wife, even as the husband is the head of the home, he is also called to be a servant. He's also called to be a servant. And this is also true. Both is also true of the wife as well. It's not that the husband leads like Christ, yes, but it is also where we where even the wives are called to be like a servant, to look into the interests of the husband. So both needing to have the servant heart and be able to serve more than looking to be served. Okay, so the example like we said, we saw in Matthew is following what the Lord said is to wash one another's feet, even though it may be something, so it's not just about physically, you know, washing your husband's or your wife's feet, but doing something that probably has not been easily taken on by you, something which cause sacrifice, something that requires some sense of a humility, maybe things that you've probably never done before in your paternal home, maybe you've never washed the toilet or the, you know, never done any form of a cleaning or anything that seemed unpleasant to do, but you having a servant heart willing to sacrifice, maybe a game or maybe a movie rather than that doing something showing and exhibiting a servant heart. So one of the most important attitudes is to have a servant heart like how Jesus bought his example. Okay, the second one is being mutually submissive to one another. If someone could read Ephesians 5 21, Ephesians chapter 5 verse 21, please. Is everybody awake? Yes ma'am. Yes, ma'am. Yes, Ammi, go ahead. Ephesians 5 21 says submit yourselves to one another because of your reverence for Christ. Amen. Okay, amen. So we've looked in the roles where we've seen that one of the how the Bible brings about the role of a wife as submitting to her husband. We see in Ephesians 5 21, it calls for a mutual submission. It says to be in submission to one another, why out of reverence for Christ, out of your love and out of your fear of the Lord. So what does this mean? This means that even if the husband is the head of the home probably making you know playing a the primary role in making decisions and doing things or being willing to discuss ideas take on ideas take on certain decisions that the wife has has bought about as as good and as going ahead with the plan is something that we look at mutual submission. So where you are willing to submit to one another to yield to one another why because the outcome is the best of the marriage not that as as the head of the home or as a helper of the home I'm not supposed to be you know allowing this but then we've been called to yield to one another to submit to one another because of reverence like we said you know we we saw that each of us in as God's children have different giftings have different things that God's given us maybe different strengths so something that the wife may be having a stronger strength in probably the husband does and vice versa but being willing to learn from each other to submit to to having in this case the husband submitting to take on maybe something the wife has said which seems like a good plan so the two heart attitudes servant be having a servant heart and being mutually submissive is is the key are these essential heart characters that we need to develop as we work together in being a team okay now we're going to be looking at what does it look like to become a kingdom team now a kingdom I think a kingdom team happens only when you've married somebody in the Lord okay so the goal in the kingdom team is to support encourage and empower each other to fulfill what God has ordained for you okay so the goal in the kingdom team is to support to encourage and empower each other by fulfilling what God has given for them okay and here the the husband and the wife become a team together only if they are able to see what are those purposes that they need to fulfill together through their lives maybe as individuals as well as together as a family so the purpose is only to extend the kingdom of God so whatever that takes for the two people to come together is what needs to be done because there is a specific purpose it's not a selfish interest it is not a man-made outcome it is not something that you your your individuality is increased it is for the purpose of the kingdom of God so we do see that when when we've you know earlier we did see in chapter one where God brought the man and the woman to become one it is for a purpose and we we see that it it just does not benefit one person but it benefits benefits the marriage but it benefits maybe a larger family it benefits you know a church it benefits maybe a certain community and that is what you are called so when God brings you together to be one he has also called you all to be one for a purpose and when we see the you know when we look at the Genesis commission it says to be fruitful to multiply to fill to conquer and to rule the earth that that's what the commission has been given and this has been given to both the man and the woman and both the husband and wife see this as a responsibility of taking on the rule and the reign of God in their lives and being able to extend it to to that which is outside we do see that becoming one for a purpose is also as a result from the standing that the husband and the wife are joint heirs in the kingdom as it's seen in first Peter 3 7 we're joint heirs in the kingdom so just because we are joint heirs you know when when you you know if you have a brother or a sister and there are there's an inheritance given to you everything that your parents have left to you belongs to the two of you so similarly when you when you know that you are joint heirs in the kingdom everything that the kingdom has or every privilege that the kingdom has has offered to you is is for both of you whether it's in the gifting or it is in the calling or it is in the anointing or if it is in the value we need to pursue God's purposes ensuring that we are supporting each other the husband and wife support each other to release and fulfill the purposes of God okay now even as we understand that we are one for a purpose we also need to discover our own individual callings and vocation so if you look in scripture there are places you know in Romans as well as in first Corinthians it talks of how God has set the members in the body because each of them have a function so similarly the husband and the wife also do have a place or an individual standing in the body of Christ depending on their strengths or depending on their anointing so let's say you know you have a couple who's working together maybe there is the husband who is who teaches who's able to teach and bring the word of God in truth to the to maybe a community whereas the wife probably is a maybe is a better administrator and able to work in administrative purposes so knowing what it is that God has individually called you for and also being able to encourage each other to discover that calling rather than having one person or the or either of you being fitting into the calling that they may not be designed to be right so learning to understand that God is given each one of us an individual calling but we can still work together even those those callings and that's that's what we talk about blending you blend your callings and your vocation together so that the purposes of God can be fulfilled so that your calling can be fulfilled not just as a couple but also individually so while you're doing that you're keeping in mind that that there is that you're respecting also maybe the the needs and the you know gifting and the calling that God has put on your spouse's life you are respecting that and allowing them to grow rather than it being a cause of contention or being a bone of contention between the two so discovering what those personal callings are and being willing to encourage and support each other through those through the through that specific calling that each of them may have okay and as so I think something that I'd like to bring bring here is you know we're working together as a team which I had made reference to earlier can in different seasons change so maybe you know when y'all are when when when a husband and wife is a young couple there may be many more person common pursuits or common goals that they can work together right but as they are in a different season maybe like a season of childbearing where there is you know children comes along the way so there there there may not be one person may not be able to take on maybe their personal calling for that specific season maybe let's say in this case a wife who is who's a new mother requires a lot more time to be with the children with the babies so that you know there can be some form of growth that happens in that life so understanding that every season each the husband and the wife supports each other and comes to a place of communicating what new roles they would have in in a current season so it is important to be able to encourage and support the other through these different seasons of life and as they may as you make these transitions being willing to help one another so I remember when you know when we were very young parents that we had you know young children my husband had just got into the worship ministry and our children are only three years apart and it used to get very difficult to you know to to manage both of them together especially when you're coming to church you have a little kid crying and then you have the next one who is you know just with you so there was a certain time that we had to you know reprioritize certain things so that we could work together as a team but then when things got a little better when the children became a little more manageable then you know there was we began to help each other and we began to share some some of those responsibilities or or even you know release some the other to do the calling or to do what god had called them to do and maybe one person probably had to take on a little bit more of extra work and you know extra stress but but that was understood that that was a way that you work together in a team okay even through these seasons ensuring that you know you do not impose any kind of not not imposing anything that you may be personally experiencing in your in your life on the other person so being willing to stand by with them in in the pace that they are going going through so that you know you can build and support them through their difficult challenges and difficult times okay and through these seasons always ensuring that you are there as their cheerleader to be able to help them in their growth and whatever god's doing in their lives okay quickly i'm just going to stop again for a few minutes to see if any of you have any questions the class has been awfully quiet today ma'am the class is very interesting it requires it requires yeah it requires us to pay a serious attention because when it comes to marriage it's it's something that nobody knows it all and then there's some mistakes you know you make and you just wonder how did i make that mistake so for me right now you know listening to what you're teaching us is just something that's amazing and the words of wisdom i hear the words of wisdom i hear is just something that you know that can help me really build a better home because you know i i believe that i believe that marriage represents the kingdom of god it's a reflection of god's kingdom and when we don't pay attention to it it becomes becomes a problem to the society and that's how i see it and when it comes to you know unity in the home when it comes to how you know the one i got mostly is the is the one the competition in marriage just competition in marriage you know it's something that i've experienced you know where it's more like you know you're competing you know with your spouse or with your partner and in those moments you know you're asking yourself what exactly are you competing for but by the grace of god you know it brought us to a point you know where we go to see that there is something god has deposited in each and every one of us that is unique you know to making that home you know be what it ought to be you know i use my gift and as a man and my wife you know uses her gift as a woman and when we come together you know to make that gift you know function in the home it becomes a tool you know for expanding the kingdom of god and that's why listening to you is just something that has just blessed me this morning and i want to say thank you and god bless thank you halison i'm so glad to hear that yeah praise god that he brings his word duly and timely to each of us okay thank you all right so if there aren't any questions i think i'll move forward okay so um yes someone's written a question uh it is really true about discovering and valuing the strengths of your partner especially in ministry for god no matter how insignificant sorry apologies i think my my connection went off for a bit okay i'm back all right okay uh as we move on i think there's some there is a warning that um uh we need to pay attention to especially for those of us who may be on the front line of a church or a christian ministry um you know very often we we do see that uh you know when there is one of the members of the family either the husband or the wife is um engaging in some kind of a ministry especially in the kind of ministry that that's maybe more um you know more in in public view when i mean by public view i'm saying things where they're up in the forefront either to teach or to preach or to or as a worship leader or a worship pastor um often the expectation is that the other spouse and the children should be in a certain way or do certain things you know and i've seen that a lot of times there is a lot of pressure in the way that um that maybe it's it's uh the members or a congregation or other people ask that you know why isn't the other spouse involved and i remember seeing this in my home church uh you know the church that i came from that um and you know i was in a traditional system but nevertheless the pastors would you know um they would come they would minister in rotation so there was a certain amount of time that they ministered like they were there for three years or five years together so every time that we used to have different new pastors you know rotating over different congregations so uh and a lot of the a lot of the men are the pastors but the women generally uh at least in the tradition church that i was in women were not pastors but they were they had to assume some form of ministry you know and usually it would the women's ministry is pushed to the to the wife uh of the pastor and i remember in our time there was one such couple where the where the wife of the pastor wasn't she was never led to do women's ministry she was led for children's ministry and the and the kind of um battle she went through because you there is an expectation that the wife of the pastor must fit into this kind of a box so i think that's that's a big warning sign for us to be true to what god has put in our heart so when god has called us for something he wants us to fulfill our role or you know our place in what he has called us to do shei i will reach to you in two seconds i'll just finish this point and i'll give you a chance to ask a question so um it is important that we do not do things for the sake of pleasing people around or for the sake of fitting into the expectations of others and um you know being either hypocritical there shouldn't be a hypocritical gap in knowing that you should be doing something but actually doing something else so we are not called to live uh according to people's expectations but we are called to be examples according to what god god's word says so so when you know that you love god and you would want to obey him and being led by the holy spirit your objective is to serve god wherever he has called you to do and not to do it because um you know the the larger congregation or people expect you to be in that so this is specifically true of ministers or those of us who are in ministry i remember this you know so i'm a i'm a counselor and i and i i largely um work among people and so once i was in this setting of pastors we were doing a workshop for the pastors on marriage and family and it was me and a colleague of mine who's also a woman so he came to us who's a pastor he came to us and he approached us and he said a family ministry is uh you know you cannot do a family ministry if you you can't teach in a family ministry if your husband is not here with you and you know i i sweetly uh he was an elderly pastor you know i sweetly said you know my husband has a different calling um but whenever there is need of a support he is there with me but you know we do not have to live a pretensed life but do and go according to what god this call this to do because he makes that beautiful you know and sometimes i've seen that just my husband and i when we go together to minister he's a worship leader but i i do a lot i'm more into encouraging into one-on-one counseling and as and as well as within the ministry of marriage and family uh you know god equips us at that time and couples come to us and you know or you know there are times that i lead worship alongside with him i mean not in church but you know in smaller settings and he ministers aside with me when we are with marriage and family so don't be under the pressure of living hypocritically or for public view do what god has called you to do yes i'm opening this out to shey and harrison both have opened uh have raised the hands shey we'll go with you first yes ma'am thank you ma'am i just want you to speak to this i find nowadays um and this is not to discredit those couples who have decided to to preach i mean to to serve you know as pastors or shepherds over a flock but i find out these days is that the wives are kind of always compelled just because the husband is a pastor then they try to kind of decorate the wives you know to occupy an office just because by proxy she's married to the pastor and i'm just wondering um i believe at the end of the day if a wife is going to take the office of a pastor is that she also has a genuine call you know to be a pastor but it's like there's this pressure that you know once you're married to a pastor you have to become a pastor so i would just like you to just speak on that i from me i believe that the wife also too should have a genuine call that oh yes you know i would like to be a pastor but if she doesn't she can always just support in any capacity she can support her husband but not saying oh i'm going to take the office of a pastor you know and then so i just like you to speak on that really because some people make that mistake and they end up putting their wives under pressure you know getting them into trouble that would have just been avoided if there was an understanding you know absolutely shei i think you you just resounded the point that i just made that uh to be able to engage in ministry alongside with your spouse all because they have taken on a specific calling uh do not be pressured into that unless and until like you said god has called you in for for that and um so we we know uh we don't want to live for in order to fit into a social expectation but to be in a place where god has called because we will be effective only if we follow the calling of god in the gifting that he has given us so yes you you just um echoed what we were talking about a few minutes ago so shei you are right that we free um in this case pastors wives to take on the calling that um god wants them to do like you know i've seen very many times that uh pastors wives have been called to preach um you know just because their husbands have preached and uh it is a great task for them and of course they don't seem to be called for that so freeing them of that i think is our responsibility you know not ensuring that our attitudes towards pastoral teams or pastoral ministry is that whatever god has called them for that's what where they will flourish and that's where the anointing will be so as maybe people of the congregation i think it's our responsibility also to change our mindsets yes uh harrison thank you for thank you shei yes harrison thank you um and um thank you shei for that um question you know because it's still something that bothers me sometimes and also um looking at the continent in that i come from it is becoming impossible for you to talk to a pastor or ministers when they are doing something that it's not in line you know with the word of god and i want you to speak on this uh issue that i want to raise up now there are things in our have observed in my local church and not just in the one that i'm in now but some other churches that have gone to where you know the pastor seems to have a very close relationship you know with the women than the men that you know it's just like you know when shei mentioned you know where if a if a woman is married to a pastor she is compelled to like you know want to take up a responsibility you know to meet up you know to those expectations of a pastor but one thing i believe too is that as as a pastor's wife at least there should be there should be a close relationship you know with the pastor's wife and the women and more of the ladies too in the church so it's more like you know i see a pastor that is not having any relationship you know with the men but rather having relationship you know with the women and occupying you know responsibilities given responsibilities you know to the women more than the men and i've seen situations you know where it it becomes a point you know where a pastor can exalt a man's wife in front of his husband or in front of her husband and you know that you know break you know that sparks up a feeling you know to like what is going on here and at some point you know it bothers me a lot and when i when i spoke about competition competition you know comes mostly when we do ministry we are okay the husband you know is capable of doing this and the wife is capable of doing this and it's more like okay everybody's trying to see that okay i'm the best you know in this i'm the best in that and at the end of the day you miss the real reason you know why god has called you and it's very important you know for us to know who we are as christians and know our giftings so that you know we don't you know go to our floor you know maybe when the wind you know blows to the side you know we swing to that side or it blows to that side and we swing to that side we only need to know because you know why i'm saying this is that i'm not just saying this based on it based on what i've seen i've also experienced it where you become so furious you know with um the kind of activities you know you see and it wants to make you competent you know on what you know best or what you know how to do and it took me a while you know for me to come into the revelation you know to know that okay i'm not in this world you know to compete with anybody but rather to stick to the purpose or to stick to what god you know has called me to do so i want to like you know see how you throw more light you know to to ministries you know where it looks as if you know everything is one sided where a pastor will be exerting and man's wife in front of the men and making the man you know looks as if you know they're incompetent so i just want to i want to hear more on this thank you thank you harrison for your question okay um you know so these are yes practical challenges that we see among uh among churches and in ministry um so i'm going to try and put as much understanding as i can into this answer but i also think that even as we move into through this course we have a chapter that talks about boundaries and that chapter will definitely throw a lot more light on on this although it talks about boundaries between a husband and wife we still can take many principles of that in a ministering husband and wife um so one of the things that i think is very important for especially those of us who are in ministry is to have accountability um and where there is no accountability everything seems probably to be free flowing that and when it comes from one head or one leader there isn't anyone to really question motives question intentions question actions so a ministry where it is just a one leader setting often can face struggles similar to this so i think my first answer would be there needs to be accountability of the leaders to either other pastors other elders to help in engaging supervising different activities and actions of the church okay the second point that i want to bring about is um as a rule and i want to bring about something we're saying you know as as part of what we follow at apc is as a rule apart from a counselor a professional counselor meeting with an individual like for example a female counselor meeting with a male member apart from a counseling relationship every kind of pastoral work is done in the presence of the other spouse as well so if it is a pastor meeting with a woman it is done in the presence of the husband as well unders like i said it is for counseling that goes to specifically counselors so that is another practice that is that's put in place that that there is a code or an or a statement of understanding that pastors would not engage or counsel members of you know of the opposite sex without the presence of their own spouse or you know sharing of information there may be times like you know someone called someone you know let's say a member a woman would probably walk into the office to meet with a pastor yes but it is in full view of the rest of the members of the church and there is you know permission taken from the woman to involve the husband in cases of that so there are some of those boundaries that need to be put in place because that builds up with accountability and once you know that is spoken that is addressed to a team of ministers you know following that is something that we ensure it being done so this is the way that i can address these two but i think i will like to throw a lot more light as we go into the chapter of boundaries because it does talk of practical measures of how even pastors or those in ministry or even even just being a common minister you know each of us our believers and ministers even being just a common believer needs to hold fast to so we will be doing that in length at the at the chapter on boundaries i hope that i know that doesn't completely answer your question but i hope to do that as we move into our next into into that chapter all right okay quickly just to wrap up there are certain things that even as we are looking at working as a as a couple for kingdom purposes the the first and foremost thing that i think often ministers sometimes overlook is that there are specific priorities that come before their ministry so if you are to look at a priority or a hierarchy the home and the family comes before the ministry and i think one of the biggest challenges that ministers do face is learning how to balance all of this the home the marriage the home the family and managing ministry and let's say if they are people who are volunteering they have an extra additional thing like work also so balancing home balancing work and as well as balancing ministry so it is important to understand that there is a certain priority that god has set okay and in in any form of work that a minister that a couple does is is first and foremost is their relationship with god secondly it is their relationship at home with their spouses and their children thirdly is their you know the ministry that that has been given to them and often a lot of people mix up these priorities and tend to serve or be so compelled in being within ministry that things that their relationship with god and their relationship with their co-family is forgotten so balancing these priorities within your calling is crucial and knowing what these priorities also are okay we are just going to quickly end as to two most powerful areas where a husband and wife team works the first one is in prayer as we saw in matthew 18 19 to 20 then when two agree about anything to pray it will be done by the father in heaven so one of the most powerful things that a husband and wife can do together as a team is come together to build the family altar is coming together in prayer setting a time for prayer and for worship and for learning the word and this becomes the the the blood line sorry not the the the blood you know the actual way the veins through which a family functions and grows so prayer is one of the most effective things that a husband and wife can do together and I know that becomes a huge challenge for very many christian homes coming together in prayer especially conflicting homes where they find hard it hard to come together to just worship god because a lot of times their differences are you know about the word or about doctrines I know multiple number of families who struggle because both the husband and the wife have different understanding of what the word talks about and as a result prayer gets affected or certain notions and perceptions of prayer often keeps families away from engaging in that but as god's word says it is only prayer that brings people together that brings god's reign and rule and answer to us so prayer is one thing that the family does that the husband and wife does together as a team and the second thing is bringing up children because you're not just bringing up individuals you're building a legacy you're building generation after generations so unless it is done together done in common done with with with with instructions from the word of god from standards of the word of god it becomes a challenge bringing up children in this age and time in in this season and in this life that we are in here to know to know that it is a commission that god has given us right be fruitful be be fruitful and multiply right we keep that in mind as we nurture and train the children because we are building disciples within our homes first and foremost if as parents as husband and wives as father and mother if we are not taking on our core responsibility of building disciples establishing disciples in our home our work outside becomes null and void and what does that mean becoming making disciples of children is to help them follow the way of the lord to build them to bring them up in the discipline of the lord to bring them up with with with the knowledge of god to bring them up and build their emotional maturity to stand as support and encouragement and help on them help to them so these two things prayer and in nurturing and bringing up children now both these two we will be speaking in much detail in the in the sections to come but this chapter completely just highlights that as a team these two things are very powerful because one as we pray together you know we change nations and when we bring up children as disciples we're building a future generation of gods kingdom they are gods kingdom right within our homes all right okay so today we covered quite a bit and I know this is quite intense and maybe repetitive too but nevertheless it still has the truth of god's word that unity has blessing and life in it all right okay i'm sorry i think we've gone five minutes extra would somebody please close with a word of prayer is manji there can i request you to pray okay okay let's pray Heavenly Father we we are grateful Lord we are grateful for your grace and your love and your kindness Jesus that you you keep on sharing us you keep on guiding us you keep on with your tender hands and your you even though you are mighty Lord you you still soften us you still lower yourself to the level that we can understand you we can see you in the way that we our mind can grasp and we thank you Jesus for this institution of marriage you've given us you you've made us know you understand you and know how how to to walk with you through the marriage you've given us and we pray Jesus as we we learn more about marriage let not be about our physical marriage but let also be about our marriage with you our interaction with you how we respond to you and how we walk in your in your ways we thank you Jesus for your love and your kindness do with that Lord until we meet again in your much name Father we pray in Jesus name amen amen thank you brother thank you so much thank you everyone reminder for all those who haven't completed your assessments please do it by end of day right thank you very much God bless and we'll meet you next week thank you thank you thank you thank you


There's three phases to that European phase adaptive approach. We've essentially completed phase one and that's where we started deployments. And now we're getting ready to achieve initial operating capability for phase two. Part of what that was is getting the four ships into Rota, home ported there, and getting ages ashore Romania stood up and then bringing the standard missile three one problem into production and put on board our ships and at ages ashore in support of the mission.


What's up everyone? It's your girl, Kinsey here from Leighton Sports Cards and I'm ripping 2021 Panini National Treasures Football 4 box full case break number 139 random divisions. Again, here's a look at the random results. You can always find these at leightonsportscards.com underneath the results tab. Link is also in chat for you. Good luck. Come on. Big true RPA. All right. Up first we've got three out of 17. AFC sell and Superbowl Immortality 30 out of 55 of Carl Banks. I love these inserts. NFC East. We've got 12 out of 99 Century Patch of Josh Jacobs for the AFC West. AFC West staying with the AFC West. Century Patch 17 to 25. Nicole Harmon Jr. Going to the NFC West Century Patch 42 of 49. Steve Young. Steve Young 42 out of 49. AFC South on the rookie Sunday Treasures 2 patch of Davis Mills. Davis Mills. We've got AFC North rookie patch autographs. Green Jersey, Jersey number card 165. Rashad Bateman. We go AFC North. Alexandros S. Nice redemption there on the green Jersey number. That was AFC North. We've got Ramble Cobb four out of 25 on the patch auto NFC North. Look at that patch. It is game one on that. Nice. Going back to the AFC North 15 of 25. Little James Harrison. Ebo. James Harrison. And NFC East. We've got booklet rookie Jumbo Prime signatures 95 of 99. Devonte Smith on the four colored patch auto NFC East. Alexandros S. Nice one there. Grats on that. 95 of 99. All right. Box two. It's all the first box there. What's up Alusia. Alusia. Alusia. Alusia. Alusia. Alusia. Alusia. First we've got the King himself. One of 22 and Derek Henry. AFC South. Treasured rookie 57 of 99. Ian Book NFC South. We've got NFC East 78 of 99. Michael Strahan. Mr. Strahan. AFC West on the tremendous treasures two of 25. Tyree Kill. Cheetah. Re-colored patch there. NFC East on the rookie dual relic 26 of 35. Diami Brown. NFC East. Born to the AFC. AFC East on the NFL gear combo materials rookie Zach Wilson and Michael Carter. Michael Carter. This kid's having a nice season so far too. NFC North. 12 of 15 on the green jersey number. RPA Amir Smith Marseille. NFC North. David G. You know who I was thinking of? I was thinking of Irv Smith Jr. Wrong Viking. Why does he know? Oh yeah we'll night that one still. 44 of 49. A little Howie Long. AFC West. That's who I was thinking of. Irv Smith Jr. That's still a nice Marseille for sure. Going to hang Y with the AFC West. How about a Justin Herber Patch Auto? Boom! But not least we've got AFC North on the prodigy. You won a 25. Not sure. Cheris. AFC North. Alexandros S. Having a fantastic break. Two colored patch auto there. We'll mag the nausea. I mean not sure. A one of one printing plate Alvin Camara for the Saints. Here you go NFC South on the 101 printing plate. We've got Treasured Rookie. 15 of 99. Zach Wilson for the AFC East. Century Patch NFC North. 85 of 99. Tyler Boyd. We've got AFC North on the colossal patch. Chase Claypool. 54 of 99. 54 of 99. And we've got Quad here. Quad materials. Joe Montana. Dan Marino. Peyton Manning and Jim Kelly. So we've got Niners. NFC West. NFC West. Kyle S. Dan Marino is AFC East. Alexandros Peyton Manning is AFC South. AFC South. Scott F. And Jim Kelly is AFC East. Alexandros no one has three out of the four so this will be a random at the end. We've got a little PS2. 32 out of 49 on the dual relic. Nice two color and two color. AFC West there. Racy McMap. Ricky Otto. 66 out of 81. AFC South. Nice patches here. AFC North. It's a 13 out of 25 on the crossover RPA Tylen Wallace. You got part of the Ravens logo there. So one, two, three, four colored patch on that one. 13 out of 25. Tylen Wallace. We've got a little mean Joe Green. 50 of 99. AFC North. And we've got rookie first edition signatures booklet. Going back to Scott F. with the AFC South. 27 of 99. Trevor Lawrence. Heck yeah. Beautiful booklet. AFC South. 27 of 99. I will take a picture of that one. All right. Last box here. Come on. Let's see a crazy true RPA here. Very solid case so far. Very nice. Maybe redemption in here. Maybe redemption. What's up Paul and Florida? Paul called it redemption on the bottom. It could be a big one. Noah Phant. 35 out of 87. AFC West. Got 42 out of 99. Jalen Hertz for the NFC East. Staying with the NFC East famed fabric. Dallas Goddard. 49 of 99. Got NFC South treasured patches. Three of 25. Calvin Ridley. Calvin Ridley. NFC West on the NFL gear combo materials. 24 of 99. Kyler Murray and Rondell Moore. Staying with the NFC West. Tremendous treasures. 50 of 99. Eli Mitchell. Going to the AFC West rookie auto to a 49. Larry Roundtree the third. Larry Roundtree the third. Got true RPA here. Going to the NFC East 91 of 99. Diamond Brown. Here you go Washington NFC East. We'll mag that true RPA. AFC North 83 of 99. Nick Chubb. Nick Chubb. Going to David G with the NFC North prodigy patch autographs card for Justin Fields. There you go. Nice one there. NFC North. David G. We'll mag that one for you. NFC North. All right give me one second here to set up the random for this quad. One second. We've got NFC West. AFC East. Again this is for the quad relic here. Joe Montana. NFC West. Dan Marino. AFC East. Peyton Manning. AFC South and Jim Kelly. AFC East. Again whatever division is at the top after the dice after we do the random. We'll take that card home five times. Good luck. One two three four five. Going to the NFC West. NFC West. Alrighty let's go ahead and do our recap here. Relics yeah take a picture of that one. Again we said this one was going to the NFC West. We have Eli Mitchell NFC West. A Kyler Murray and Rhonda Moore NFC West. Calvin Ridley with the NFC South. Dallas Goddard NFC East. PS2 AFC West. We've got AFC North Chase Claypool. Tyler Boyd AFC North. Zach Wilson and Michael Carter Ghoul. AFC East. Diami Brown on the rookie patches. NFC East. Tyree Kill. Tremendous Treasures. AFC West. Michael Stringhand NFC East. Davis Mills on the rookie patches. Going to the AFC South. Steve Young NFC West. Nicole Harmon Jr. AFC West and Josh Jacobs AFC West. Our autos. We had AFC North Nick Chubb. Ellery Roundtree the third AFC West. Joe Green AFC North. Tyler Wallace on the crossover RPA AFC North. Racy McMapp AFC South. Howie Long for the AFC West. James Harrison AFC North. A Randall Cobb NFC North. That is a game used jersey on that one. AFC North Redemption of Rashad Bateman. AFC North. That's a very nice break too. Our Magd cards. We had True RPA 91 of 99. Diami Brown NFC East. AFC North Aynashash Harris on the prodigy RPA 1 of 25. Amir Smith Merced 12 of 15 on the green jersey number. NFC North. NFC North Redemption. Justin Fields on the prodigy patch autographs. And Justin Herbert on the patch auto 82 of 99. AFC West. Then we had a booklet. The rookie jumbo signatures 95 of 99. Devonte Smith NFC East. And then this beautiful rookie first edition 27 out of 99 AFC South. Trevor Lawrence. Beautiful hit there. We're going to take a leave that here. We'll take a picture. Congrats everyone. Thanks so much. And we will be moving on to baseball here.


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This spring fascinates me. I'll completely uncoil it, except for a few kinks. Now, watch as I put it in hot water, 75 degrees or so, rapidly the spring reforms. Let's watch it again, but close up. I stretch the spring and then, to slow down the action, use a hairdryer to heat it. This spring is made from night and all wire. The name comes from the elements it contains and where it was discovered. Nickel and titanium at the Naval Ordnance Lab. It's showing what's called the shape memory effect. A length of this wire was formed at very high temperatures into a spring. The shape setting occurs at temperatures above about 500 degrees Celsius and then cooled, almost no matter how it's been to room temperature. It returns to its original shape when heated at 75 degrees Celsius or so. So why does night and all have this memory? The key is understanding how the atoms move in response to stretching and bending of a piece of night and all. Typically, any metal, whether night or not, is comprised of small grains that, depending on the material, are microns to nanometers across. And each grain is comprised of atoms arranged in a regular repeating pattern. If this metal rod were held at the top and stretched, then the grains might elongate. And they can do this because the atoms inside move a bit and the metal bonds can reform more easily than in nonmetals and so the atoms slip, although it's a bit more complicated than applied here, which looks like spherical atoms rolling along each other. It involves defects in the crystal that allow the atoms to move only small amounts. In night and all, though, generally the atoms don't slip. They accommodate the stresses from bending, stretching, compression, and so on in a different way, which produces the memory effect. Here's a simplified two-dimensional version of the atomic structure of night and all, but one that captures the essence of why it has a temperature-dependent memory. The crystallites in the small grains have a nice, tidy, highly symmetric arrangement. The atoms sit on the corners of squares. At temperatures above 500 degrees Celsius or so, the night and all can be shaped into whatever form is useful. For example, the spring I showed you earlier. When it cools the crystal structure, the arrangement of the atoms changes only slightly. Notice that it's very similar. All the atoms are connected in the same way, but the nice, tidy squares are now rhombuses. Notice that even though the atoms move a bit, the overall shape doesn't really change. So for example, if you fashioned a spring, it still looks like a spring. This doesn't seem very exciting, but this structure has a unique property. It's composed of rhombuses that are mirror images. For example, notice the position of the atoms above and below this line aren't identical, but are reflections of each other. This is called twin structure. You could have all of the rhombuses oriented this way or this way. And as you can now see, when the night and all cools, it forms equal amounts of these two orientations of rhombuses. One's oriented this way and one's this way. What produces the memory effect in night and all is that these two orientations can easily be changed from one to the other with very small motions of the atoms. For example, if I take the cooled night and all and change its shape, some of the crystallites might experience a shear of force across the top. Notice that in response, the atoms move and change the ratio of the two types of rhombuses. In this example, they all change to one type. You could imagine that in response to different forces that in the large enough crystal, there would be hundreds of mixtures of these two rhombuses and many, many more in a three-dimensional structure. But notice this. At all times, the atoms are connected in the same way as in the high temperature phase, unlike in slip where atoms can rearrange quite a bit more. So when the temperature is raised again, these rhombuses, no matter how they are distributed, return to tidy squares. The only structure that can result is the original structure and so the nightnull reverts to the shape it had at high temperature. There are some clever uses for nightnull. For example, this device has fascinated me since childhood. It's a type of engine. Its construction is very simple, a large and small wheel, each grooved on their side, with a loop of nightnull wire that runs through the grooves and connects them. To make a run, I just contact the lower edge of the small bottom wheel with water, which I've heated again to 75 degrees Celsius, then spin the top wheel a bit and the device then runs on its own. It uses the temperature difference between the water and the air to power the engine. When I remove the water, the wheel stops spinning. This engine runs because this loop of nightnull wire was originally straight at a very high temperature, so as it's heated, it tries to straighten. To see how that causes the engine to operate, watch what happens as I contact the lower wheel with the heated water. I'll mark the position of the wire on the left with a yellow line. Then when I start the wheel, the wire's distance from the initial position is much greater. It's hard to see, so I'll mark its position with a purple line. This happens because when the bottom wheel comes into contact with the hot water, the section of the wire highlighted here in orange is heated. If it were not in a loop, then the wire would be straight like this. But because it's in a loop, as it tries to straighten, it exerts a force on the wheel, which causes it to turn. Let's break this down. On the right, the air-cooled wire returns. It wraps onto the wheel. As the water heats the wire, it starts to straighten, but it's restrained by being in a loop. This creates a force at this point on the wheel from this fulcrum, which is the last point of contact of the wire on the wheel. This generates a force about the center of the wheel, which is transmitted as torque and sets in motion the engine. Although a lot of night and all-based engines were patented, often the practical uses of night and all are not as a shape memory metal, but as a super elastic material. Let me show you.  If I move the copper wire a bit and let it go, it returns to its original position. That's an elastic deformation. But if I go too far, it doesn't return to its original shape. That's plastic deformation. Compare that to this piece of night and all wire. It shows that elastic response for small deviations, but if I do that same extreme deformation and then let go, the wire returns to its original state, even oscillating for a while. If I bend the wire into multiple loops and then release it, it becomes straight. This super elasticity is closely related to the shape memory effect. Let's compare the two phenomena and look at what's happening at the atomic level. I start with shape memory. Here's a piece of night and all wire that's been conditioned at 500 degrees Celsius or so to be straight. At that very high temperature, the crystal structure in the grains is those tidy neat squares. As it's cooled to room temperature, the twin structure forms, the one with the equal number of left and right robices, which you recall doesn't change the overall shape much. Then when I deform the wire, the atoms in the crystallite shift in the grains to some unequal mixture of left and right robices. There are hundreds of possibilities. When I heat it with a hairdryer, the tidy neat squares return and the wire becomes straight again. And then as it returns to room temperature, the twin structure returns, the one with an equal number of both robices. Now let's look at a night and all wire that showed super elasticity. It's been conditioned so that its crystal structure is those tidy neat squares at room temperature. They would form the twin structure at minus 15 degrees Celsius, so much lower temperature than the shape memory effect. When I apply an external force to the wire, the crystallites and the grains to form into the robices, whatever mix of those would allow it to accommodate the reshaping. When I remove the force then, because it's at room temperature, it returns to the tidy squares. Here's an example of a commercial device that uses super elastic night and all. It's a cage like metal tube called a stint that's used by a cardiologist. The doctor inserts it into a vessel or duct, here it's shown in a coronary artery, and it holds the walls in place because these are super elastic, watch this. I can severely deform it. And when I release it, it returns to its original shape. To use it, a cardiologist chooses a stint with a slightly larger diameter than the vessel wall. It's then crimped to a size smaller than the vessel, inserted and allowed to expand. Because it's larger than the vessel's diameter, it keeps a force on the wall and resists compression. Night and all's other commercial uses are in high-end products, premium eyeglasses built from super elastic night and all, so they can be bent and twisted, yet return to their original shape. And it's used in designs where reducing weight is critical. For example, in the 2014 Chevrolet Corvette, a night and all device replaced a heavy, motorized actuator to open and close a vent in the car's trunk. There are thousands of more uses for night and all, and perhaps for other shape memory materials. For example, polymers that exhibit this phenomena are now in development. I'm Bill Hammack, The Engineer Guy.