you were told, my name is Penina Taylor, and I was born into a secular Jewish household. Now what that means is that what my Judaism meant to me was it explained why I had a big nose, why I talked with my hands, and why I liked Chinese food. But other than that, yeah, Chinese food seems to be a recurring theme. I wonder if it has something to do with the date today. But anyway, my Judaism had absolutely no relevance to me. It was something to be remembered, but nothing to be desired, and it was within this context that I grew up. Now I also had a traumatic childhood. My parents were divorced when I was four years old, and I was subjected to a tremendous amount of abuse by a friend of the family. By the time I got to high school, I was starting to ask some very existential questions. What's it all about? What's the point? If there is nothing out there greater and more meaningful than all this pain, what's the point in living? And as I began to ask these questions, one of my fellow students in high school said to me, you know, Penina, your question is no different from that of any other normal American high school teenager. We all have these questions. She said, but there is an answer to your question. There's a solution to your dilemma. She said, what you need is to have a relationship with God. Now I told you that I grew up in a secular home, but when I was in fourth and fifth grade, my paternal grandparents decided that I needed to learn something about being Jewish. So they had arranged for me and my sister to attend an Orthodox Jewish day school for those two years. But I quickly learned that what happened at home stayed at home and what happened at school stayed at school. So nothing that I learned there really stuck. Maybe some of you can identify with this. My first day in the Jewish day school, I learned about something called Shabbat or Shabbat. And I got so excited and I came running home to tell my mom about this thing called Shabbat. And you know what my mom said to me?  A little while later, one day, it was a Monday, we were all back in school and my friends were all talking about what they had done over the weekend. And I was so excited because my mom was a single mom and we rarely got to do anything. But this particular weekend, she had saved up the money to take us to an amusement park. So while my friends were talking about what they had done over the weekend, I got excited and I started to share with them about how we had gone to the amusement park on Saturday. Well, my teacher caught wind of what I said, grabbed me, pulled me out of the classroom and said to me, stop being so chutzpadek. I didn't even know what the word meant. But I figured, you know, it was something kind of contagious disease or something, I don't know. But it was definitely something I didn't want, right? So I quickly learned that what happens at home stays at home and what happens at school stays at school. But now here I am all these years in the future. And my classmate is telling me that what I need is to have a relationship with God. And I thought back to that time when I was in the Jewish day school and I said, you know, that sounds right. That rings true for me. Maybe I need to have a relationship with God. And so at the age of almost 16, I was introduced to God and to Jesus. Because it turns out that my classmate was a born-again Christian. Now you'll have to excuse me, when I travel, I tend to get very dry. And water is not only good for quenching the thirst, but it's really good for planned moments of suspense. So I was introduced to God and to Jesus, right? Well, this newfound faith of mine gave me the power to make all sorts of changes in my life. Until this point, I was doing drugs, I was smoking, I was drinking, I was skipping school. I had a really bad crowd of friends at school. And my mom was watching as I was slowly slipping away. So now I became a born-again Christian and I had made all these changes in my life. I stopped drinking, I stopped smoking, I stopped doing drugs. I started actually attending classes in school. And when I went to share my newfound faith with my mom as all good born-again Christians will do, she thought to herself, if something could have such a profound effect on my daughter's life, it must be the truth, right? And so my mom and my sister, I brought my mom and my sister to Christianity as well. Well, I started, I had a best friend and I went off to college. I went to a Bible college. Miami Christian College now, it's called Trinity University. While I was there, I got certified in something called evangelism explosion. Maybe some of you have heard of it. And I served as a counselor on the Billy Graham Crusade and I started dating my best friend's older brother who had also gone to Bible college. He went to a school called Moody Bible Institute which is a very well-known college for training missionaries and missionary pilots. And we started dating and we started getting serious. We started talking about marriage. And I thought to myself, you know, I've always had this dream that my father would walk me down the aisle when I got married. Now that wording may sound a little strange to you but I didn't know my father. Remember I said that my parents had been divorced, got divorced when I was four years old. And I had only seen my father one time in 15 years. How was he gonna walk me down the aisle when I got married if he didn't know me? So I went to my mom and I asked her if I could write a letter to my dad because of course that was back in the days before the internet and email and all of that. And if I could write a letter to my dad to invite him to come and visit us. At this point we're living in Miami, my dad's living in New Jersey. So my mom, to my surprise, said sure. So I wrote a letter to invite my dad and he agreed. So he came down to visit us during Christmas break and while he was with us, he started to get to know me and my sister and he also started to get to know my mom again. After a little while he says to my mom, you know, I think I'm falling back in love with you. Would you remarry me? And my mom said, well, I'm falling back in love with you too, but we've got a problem.  That's not gonna work. I said, hold on a second, stop the presses. I know what to do, I'm certified in evangelism. So I went to the Christian bookstore, I went and got a Christian Bible for my dad. I started to share with him from the Bible. I took him to church and wouldn't, you know what? My dad became a Christian too. So now my mom and my dad were able to get remarried and after 15 years they were. Seven months later my dad walked me down the aisle when I married my boyfriend Paul. Now even though Paul was a minister at the time he was not working as one and he was stationed, he was in the Air Force and we ended up getting stationed in England. And while we were in England, one day I was praying and I started to get this feeling like God was telling me to light candles on Friday night. And I thought, well, I'm not sure where this is coming from. I mean, I had gone to the Jewish day school so I knew that Jewish women lit candles on Friday night but my mother didn't light candles on Friday night. My grandmother didn't light candles on Friday night. My great grandmother probably did but I don't know if I ever saw her do it. So I went to my husband and I said, you know, I have this strange feeling like God is telling me to start lighting candles on Friday night. What do you think I should do? And my husband said to me, well, if you believe that this is how God wants you to serve him, then go ahead. So I decided to start lighting candles but in order to light candles, well besides needing candles, what do you need? You need candlesticks, right? So I went over to the buffet and I opened the drawer where I had my candlesticks that I had inherited from my great-grandmother and I pulled them out and I also pulled out what was sitting next to them in the drawer which was a Maxwell House Passover Haggadah. How many of you have ever heard of a Maxwell House Passover Haggadah, right?  And why did I have this Haggadah? Well remember, I told you my family was secular, right? But we did do one Jewish thing every year and that was Passover. Although it wasn't the kind of Passover that most people would identify as a Passover Seder, perhaps some of you can identify with this. We would go over to my grandparents' house and my grandfather would open the door and my great-grandmother would greet us with good yantif which I had no idea what that meant but that was what Bubby would say. And we would come in and my grandfather would pull out this stack of Maxwell House Passover Haggadahs that he had collected over the years. Now I was little so to me that stack seemed huge but anyway, so he'd pull out this stack of Maxwell House Passover Haggadahs and he would hand them out to everybody and we would all sit down at the table and then he'd say something like, okay, everybody open to page 30. So we'd all open to page 30. He'd read a paragraph from the Haggadah. We would sing the chorus to Diana and then we would eat. Now we did have a piece of matzah because it was Passover after all but we also ate a lot of other foods you might not consider kosher for Passover. But this was our family's observation of Passover and I had a very fond family memory of this. So when I got married, I asked my grandmother if it would be okay for me to take one of these Haggadahs which of course he said yes. Now what does this have to do with lighting candles? Well I remembered that inside the front cover of the Passover Haggadah was the blessing for lighting candles because Jewish women light candles at the beginning of every Jewish holiday. And at the bottom was the line for lighting the candle on Friday night because sometimes Passover begins on Friday night. And so with the help of the Maxwell House Passover Haggadah and thank God for Maxwell House because not only was it in Hebrew and in English but it was also in translated Hebrew so I could read it in the English letters. I began to light the candles on Friday night. Meanwhile I'm going to church on Sunday. A little while later one day my husband comes running down the stairs all excited and he says penina, penina. Of course that's not what he called me then but he says penina. He says I was reading in the Old Testament. Now for those of you who may not know the Old Testament is what non-Jews call our Tanakh, the Jewish Bible. They've taken it, they've rearranged the order, they've retranslated certain verses but in general it's our Tanakh. And he says I was reading in the Old Testament and I came across a passage that says that there are certain things that God told the Jewish people they are supposed to do forever. He says and if forever really means forever then my Jewish wife and my Jewish children should be doing these things. Some people are absolutely amazed at how aware of my Jewishness my husband was. More so even than me. I mean not that I didn't know I was Jewish but there's a difference between knowing something and being aware of it, right? And so being somebody who was searching for truth and this is something I need to make sure you understand. There's no way in 45 minutes or an hour I can tell you the entire process of what we were going through in a way that reflects the amount of time that it took. And people have sometimes said to me, you know, Pnein, you are all over the map religiously. Well the truth is is that we weren't. If you step back and you look at the overarching picture what you see is a couple who were searching for truth. That's something that my husband and I were about from the very first day that we got married even before we got married we wanted to serve God in truth.  So I said, okay, go ahead, shoot. He said, well, it says in the Old Testament that Jewish people aren't supposed to eat pork or shellfish. And I said, wait, no ham and cheese sandwiches? And he said, no. I was like, okay, I need to think about that one for a minute. But if that's what God wants me to do then that's what I'm going to do. And so I agreed. And so I stopped eating pork or shellfish. So now here I am, I'm lighting candles on Friday night. I'm not eating pork or shellfish but I'm going to church on Sunday. Well, a little while later I'm reading in the New Testament which is the Christian part of the Christian Bible. And I came across a passage that talked about head coverings. And I was very curious because in the English it was not so clear is it saying that men have to cover their head and women don't or women have to cover their head and men don't. And so we called the pastor of our church at that time which was not my husband to come explain the passage to us because he was a Greek scholar. And Greek is the language that the New Testament was written in. So he comes in and he sits down and he says, well, you know, it's very complicated passage. And I was like, yeah, I know that's why we invited you here. He said, no, really. He said, even in the Greek it's very complicated. It's hard to tell which word is modifying which word.  He said, well, what I think it means is that married women should cover their head when they pray. But I can't teach that because women nowadays don't wanna hear it. Now, regardless of whether or not you agree with that statement, if you are somebody who is seeking truth, is the excuse that people nowadays don't wanna hear it enough to stop you from doing what you believe to be right? Of course not. And so I decided to start covering my head. Now, I had no example, but so I took a hat and when I wanted to talk to God because that's what prayer is, right? Prayer is talking to God. I would put the hat on my head and then when I was done, I would take it off. The problem is, I'm really ADD if you couldn't tell by the way I tell my story. And so when I was done talking to God, next time I wanted to talk to God, I had to first go find the hat, right? So I was like, hang on a second there, big guy. And I would go and try to find the hat. But by the time I found the hat, I had forgotten what it was I was gonna say to God. So I decided there had to be a better solution and I decided to buy a scarf. I figured a scarf I could wear around my neck and when I wanted to pray, I would put the scarf on my head and when I didn't want to pray, I would take it off, right? But I discovered something interesting. I discovered that I pray throughout the course of the day. Hopefully you all do as well. And so on went the scarf and off went the scarf and on went the scarf and off went the scarf. And finally I just said, forget it. And I decided to cover my head all the time. So now here I am. I'm lighting candles on Friday night. I'm not eating pork or shellfish. I'm covering my head all the time. And that's right. Come on, wake up guys, it's not that warm in here. Going to church on Sunday. Well, something began to happen inside of me. At the time I didn't know what it was.  I believe that my Jewish Neshama, my Jewish soul was having this battle with my Christian beliefs. All I knew though was that I had this restlessness going on inside of me and I didn't know what to do about it. So a little while later I was about to have my second child, we were still in England and my parents decided to come visit us. I have to time this just right, right? My parents decided to come visit us in England.  And I'm helping my mom unpack her suitcases. And one of the suitcases is full of Judaica items. Yamakas, tzitzit, shofar, sitters, you name it.  And she said, well while we were in Pittsburgh we discovered a group of people who were born Jewish who believe in Jesus and have figured out a way to synthesize their Jewish heritage with their Christian beliefs and they call themselves Messianic Jews. Now I don't know how many of you have ever heard of Messianic Jews, I actually hadn't. But I began to think maybe this is the answer to what's going on inside of me. And so a year later when we came back to the United States my husband and I sought out one of these Messianic congregations. Now up until this point, even though my husband had never had his own church, we served in various positions, lay leadership positions. He was a deacon in the church and I served on the women's ministries. And so we got involved in this Messianic congregation and began to be involved in the leadership of the Messianic congregation. And one day my dad approached my husband and I and said, you know, it's an hour's drive to the Messianic congregation that we're going to. Why don't we start our own Messianic congregation here where we live? After all, Paul is an ordained pastor and Panina I used to sing and play the guitar and lead worship in women's ministries. And he said, mom and I are very administrative so we'd make a great team. So my husband and I decided to pray about it and decided that it was God's will that we start this Messianic congregation. But I began to think, I do that a lot and it usually gets me in trouble, I began to think, you know, if we're going to do something Jewish, right, because it's Messianic Judaism, maybe we should know a little something about Judaism, don't you think? And so I decided to go to the Jewish bookstore to find a book on Judaism. Well, it turns out that the Jewish bookstore had lots of books on Judaism. But I found one that had a title that intrigued me and it was called How to Run a Traditional Jewish Household. It was written by a woman named Blue Greenberg who's a very modern Orthodox woman. And instead of using the word Orthodox throughout the book, she used the term Torah Observant.  Maybe that's what we should be. Maybe we should be Torah Observant Messianic Jews. So, I went back to the Jewish bookstore and I got a book called the Kitzer-Schulchan-Aruch for those of you who don't know, that's the condensed code of Jewish law. I got it in English. I read throughout four times, I went back and I got books on keeping kosher and the laws of family purity. And basically, I learned everything there is to learn about Orthodox Judaism from a book. Now, you may or may not know this, you can't learn everything about Orthodox Judaism from a book, but everything that you can learn from a book, I did. And we began to make changes in our lives. I began to dress modestly, me and my daughter and my husband and my son started wearing a kippah and tzitzit. And if you had walked into us on the street, you would have thought we were an Orthodox Jewish family, just like any Orthodox Jewish family in Muncie or Jerusalem or wherever we are, Thornhill or, you know. So, you would not have known that we also believed in Jesus. Well, we started this congregation and we did it with my parents for about three years. But as you can imagine, running a doing a joint leadership program with your parents or children for three years can be a little stressful. And we decided that we valued our relationship with my parents more than our positions in the congregation and so we decided to leave. Meanwhile, my parents continued to run the congregation. Because of where my husband worked, and I don't even know if you all know the geography of the Washington DC area. But we ended up attending a Messianic congregation in Northern Virginia. However, one day there was an event at the Messianic congregation in Baltimore, which is only about an hour, hour and a half north. And after the event, we were standing around there was food and I mean, let's face it, right? You have Jews, you have an event, you have food, right? Jews plus event equals food. It doesn't matter if the Jews believe in Jesus, you have Jews and food event. So we're standing around afterwards and there's this really nice blonde-haired lady who is trying to convince me that the food is kosher because she can tell by looking at me that that might be something that would be important to me. And she stops mid-sentence and she says to me, how would you like to buy a nice big five bedroom house in Upper Park Heights in Baltimore? Now, I don't know if you're familiar with Upper Park Heights in Baltimore but that is the heart of the Orthodox Jewish community in Baltimore. And she says, in fact, I know that God wants you to buy this house. Now, I was used to Christians speaking this way but I did think that the woman was a few french fries short of a happy meal and not being one to engage in confrontation, I figured, okay, how am I gonna get out of this conversation? And I knew what I needed to do was tell her I had to talk to my husband, right? Marriage 101, you gotta get out of a sticky situation, you blame it on your husband, right? So I went over to my husband. Now, I knew. My husband was going to say, are you crazy? I work in Northern Virginia, we worship in Northern Virginia, eventually we're gonna move to Northern Virginia. Baltimore is not on the map. And then I would go back to the woman and say my husband says no and that would be the end of the conversation. Well, that was what was written in the script.  And instead of telling me I'm crazy, which is what was written in the script, he says to me, well, we could take a look at it. Now, I have it on good authority that that was the first and last time I was ever speechless. But after picking myself up from shock, I went over to the woman and I said, you know, we could take a look at it. And so we made an appointment and we went to the house. Now, when we arrived in the house, I started to get this funny feeling, very much like the feeling when I felt that God was telling me to light candles on Friday night, this time it said, you're home. Now, I promise you, I'm not schizophrenic, but I started to have this feeling that I was home and I don't know why. I don't, to this day, I don't know if it was the proximity of all the other Jewish souls or what it was, but we went inside and we looked at the house and we fell in love with the house. I had a lot of character, it was really big because at that time I was in a very tiny house, about a third the size of this house, homeschooling my four children and the walls were beginning to close in on me. So, we fell in love with the house and then we did what any good Christian or Messianic couple in our situation would do. We went back to our congregation and we asked them to pray, concerning whether or not it was God's will that we buy this house. In fact, they held a special prayer meeting for that purpose. And wouldn't you know it, all 250 members of the congregation unanimously agreed, of course I could stop there and that would be miraculous in and of itself, right? They unanimously agreed that it was God's will that we buy this house. Why? Because who better to convert Orthodox Jews to Messianic Judaism than Messianic Jews who look and act like Orthodox Jews, right? And so we made arrangements to buy the house and we moved in. Now, it was interesting when we first moved in, we were kind of not sure why we received a little bit of a cold shoulder. We didn't find out until many years later that the woman who had sold us the house who wasn't Jewish and that we knew, when she had bought the house three years before she had taken it upon herself to go knocking door to door to all of her Jewish neighbors to inform them that they were hopelessly lost and going to burn in hell because they didn't believe in Jesus. Just in case they didn't know. So you can imagine how they felt about this woman, right? And you can imagine how ecstatic they were when she said that she had sold the house until she told them that she had sold it to a nice Messianic family, at which point they didn't know what to do. Now, living in the Western world, Jewish people are familiar with living with non-Jewish neighbors. That's not a big deal. But how do you deal with a Jewish family whose sole purpose, pun intended, is to convert you and your children to some form of Christianity, right? And so that's why they didn't know quite how to deal with us. But we moved in and my husband and I started talking and we realized we had a problem. What was the problem? Well, the Messianic congregation in Baltimore was not in walking distance of our home. And if we got in the car and drove on Shabbat, there was no way anyone was ever going to listen to a word we had to say, right? And so we decided that what we would do is on Shabbat, we would go to one of the more than a dozen Orthodox synagogues in walking distance of our house. And during the week, we would drive to the Messianic congregation to get our fill of Jesus. So the first Shabbat, after we had made that, actually it was the first Shabbat we were in Baltimore, we went to one of the congregations, one of the synagogues in our neighborhood. Now, how did we decide which one to go to? Well, it turns out that the rabbi who owned the bookstore that we had visited all these times also happened to be the rabbi of a shul in the neighborhood. So that's how we decided where we were going to go. Now, luckily for us, it was about a quarter of a mile from our house. So that meant that most of the people there didn't know who we were. Well, we went to the synagogue on Shabbat morning and we had the most amazing experience. Everybody there was warm and welcoming. They showed me where we were in the Torah reading. They helped me follow along in the prayer service, in the dawning. And it's interesting that sometimes when people tell their story of return to Judaism, they'll talk about how the only person that came up and spoke to them was the one that came up to say, hi, how are you doing? You're sitting in my seat. Oh, you're familiar with this? But it wasn't like that at all. It wasn't like that at all. They were all very warm and welcoming. And what happens on the other side of the Mechitza? You know the Mechitza is the divider between the men's section and the women's section, right? What happens on the other side of the Mechitza when there's a new guy in town? Anybody? That's right, he gets called to the Torah. He gets an aliyah to the Torah.  And when the Gabbai gives him this offer of an aliyah, he says to him, I'm not Jewish. Now this is a very important point to my talk because you may or may not be aware, although since you've heard of Jews for Judaism, hopefully you are aware, that in messianic congregations all over the world, there are non-Jews, and that's fine, they can go wherever they want, but there are non-Jews who go to these messianic congregations and they learn not only how to look and act like Orthodox Jews, how to make the blessings for being called up to the Torah, but they also learn how to read from the Torah and they make up fake Hebrew names and then they go and they visit places like Orthodox synagogues or the Kotel in Jerusalem or whatever and they're counted in a minion and when they're given an aliyah, instead of being honest, they give these fake Hebrew names and they're committing a crime against the Jewish people. Some people say, wow, Panina, that's kind of harsh. Well, at the very least, it's not right because they're not being honest, but my husband is a man of tremendous integrity so he said I'm not Jewish. Now, a little while later, my husband, the man of tremendous integrity, says to me, you know, Panina, we need to tell the rabbi what we believe because it's going to come out at some point and we certainly don't want him to feel that we've been lying to him or we have betrayed him and I said to my husband, you know, I don't think that's a very good idea. I don't see that ending well, but he insisted and so I relented and we called the rabbi and invited him to come over to talk. Now, knowing that my husband wasn't Jewish and I was, what do you think the rabbi thought we were going to talk to him about? Conversion, right, makes sense. So the rabbi comes in the door and my husband starts telling him what we believe and after a minute or two, the rabbi stops him and he says, wait, wait, you don't believe that anymore, do you? To which my husband says, yeah. Well, in the moment it took for absolute shock to register on the rabbi's face, I started to see my world implode.   Maybe they were gonna take pictures of our family and put them on posters down the street saying, warning missionaries. And so I began to cry. Well, the rabbi turned to me and he says to me, well, what do you believe? Now, I'm here to tell you that at this point in my story, I had been a Christian in one form or another for 17 years. I had been responsible for bringing hundreds if not thousands of people to Christianity. It's not like I didn't know what I believed but in that moment of emotionality when the rabbi turned to me and asked me what I believe, I just responded rabbi! And I begged him please, please don't kick us out of the synagogue. Is everybody awake? Yes, good, okay. I begged him please don't kick us out of the synagogue. And he sat there for the longest time saying absolutely nothing to me. I wasn't sure if he was ever going to speak to us again but when he did speak, he said the most important words that anyone has ever said on my Jewish journey.  He said, now, let me be clear. What you believe is not Judaism.  He said, therefore I will allow you and the children to continue coming to the shul. He said, but one caveat. He said, I want you to talk to a guy from an organization called Jews for Judaism.  Jews for Jesus, Jews for Judaism, they probably don't like people like me very much. But I knew I had no choice if I wanted to keep coming to the shul. So I agreed. But I agreed kind of like the way that you agree when you're downloading software to your computer. Anybody familiar with this, right? You download a piece of software and up comes this box that says terms of agreement. It's got all these little words in it and then it has a box underneath that says I agree to the terms of agreement and you're supposed to check the box if you want to continue downloading the software, right? And most of us don't bother reading the words in the box. We just check the box and we move on because otherwise we couldn't download the software. And so I thought to myself, well, I'll agree to talk to this guy from Jews for Judaism. But in my head I thought, you know, the rabbi, he'll forget about it. We'll just be able to keep going as things are. And so I just kind of ignored it. So a little while later, the rabbi calls me and he says, have you talked to this guy from Jews for Judaism? And I was like, no, I haven't had time, whatever. This went on several times and I'm hoping that the rabbi is going to forget. That's what was written in my script. However, the rabbi didn't read the script either. I don't know what it is with you guys and not reading the script, but anyway. So finally, the rabbi called me at one point and he made it very clear that if I didn't call this guy from Jews for Judaism that I was probably not going to be able to maintain my same status of going to the shul. So I picked up the phone, which is a very hard thing for me to do. And I called Jews for Judaism and made an appointment for this guy to come to my house. That one was suspenseful, I hope. Anyway, so this guy's name was Mark at the time he was the director of Jews for Judaism in Baltimore. And Mark comes over and he comes inside and he says, okay, let's talk about why you think Jesus is the Jewish Messiah. And I thought to myself, you start every conversation this way? And he came in and he sat down and my husband threw out a verse to him. My husband was very happy to do the talking and I was very happy to let him do the talking. So Mark says, well, let's take a look at that. And he opens the Bible to the book of Isaiah where this verse comes from. And then he turns to me and he says, now, Penina, you've read this verse in its context before, right? And I said, of course I have. I read my Bible every year from cover to cover. Now, I'm going to stop for just a second. I'm going to give you two challenges during my talk today. And this is the first challenge. Just out of curiosity, how many of you, and I would expect that since this is a program by Jews for Judaism, the hands will be a little bit higher than usual. How many of you have ever read the Tanakh, the Jewish Bible, all of it from cover to cover, not necessarily in order, and not just the Parsha's, in a language that you understand, which for most of us is English, at least once in your life, raise your hand. Okay, this is a well-educated Jewish audience and I would still say 10% maybe. Normally when I ask that question, I get one or two hands raised. Even when I'm speaking to an audience of boys in Yeshiva and their rabbis are present, the Jewish Bible, the Tanakh, is our history. It's our heritage, it's our inheritance, and it's our future. But we've left it sitting on a shelf collecting dust. We used to be called the people of the book. Well, what book are we the people of, people? The Tanakh. So my first challenge to you tonight is if you have never read the Tanakh, all of it, in a language you understand, at least once, that you will make a commitment today to read it at least once in your life. You don't have to read it in a year, although if you want to, I have created a reading guide so that you would be able to do that and you would be able to check it off as you read through it. Because you owe it to yourself as a Jewish person to know what it says inside your book. There are people who would say, remember I told you that the Old Testament is mostly our Tanakh? Yes, they've changed the order of the books. Yes, they've retranslated some things which we're gonna talk about in the second part of our lecture today. But there are those who would say that they know our Bible better than we do. You owe it to yourself to read the Tanakh. Use a Jewish translation, please. But other than that, read it, know it, become familiar with it, it's yours. Well, anyway, back to my story. So Mark says to me, have you ever read it before? And I said, yes, I read it every year from cover to cover, and he says to me, well, okay. But when you read the Old Testament, you see Jesus on every page, don't you? And I said, of course, it's all about him. He said, well, I want you to do me a favor. Just this once, I want you to read this passage with me without the lenses, without the bias that it's talking about Jesus. I want you to put yourself in the shoes of the people who would have lived during the time that Isaiah was writing this, which was 700 years before the destruction of the temple, 700 years before Jesus ever walked this earth. He said, would you be willing to do that for me? And I said, sure. And so for the first time in 17 years, I read this passage in Isaiah without the bias that it's talking about Jesus, and wouldn't you know it? Guess what I discovered? It wasn't talking about Jesus. And in fact, the passage isn't even messianic. And in order for that verse to say what they say it says, it had to be completely mistranslated and taken out of its context. Well, we only covered one additional corollary issue, and Mark left. But he left me with an awful lot to chew on. Because if this one core belief that I had held for all of these years was a lie, what else did I believe was a lie? And so over the course of the next few weeks, I kept coming back to Mark's office, and I kept saying, okay, well, what about this verse? And what about this verse? And Mark would always say, okay, well, let's take a look at that. But then I wouldn't even take Mark's word for it. I went back to my Christian friends, my messianic leaders. I even went on the Jews for Jesus chat room, which doesn't exist anymore. But at that time, I got myself kicked out because they couldn't believe that somebody would be asking the questions I was asking. And one by one, the bricks of the foundation of my faith were being pulled out. Eventually the entire structure had to collapse. And then I was faced with the daunting task of trying to figure out what I did believe. I mean, did I still believe in God? And if I did, what did that mean? Is the Bible, the Tanakh God's word to the Jewish people or not? And if it is, what does that mean for me as a Jewish woman? Do I need to be Orthodox or can I be something else? Well, since I'm standing here talking to you today, you can probably guess what my conclusions were. I decided to convert to Buddhism. Just kidding, no. I embraced Torah true Judaism. But at this point, I am married and I have four children who are six, eight, six, eight, 10 and 12 years old. Well, my 12 year old son, he's only less than a year away from Bar Mitzvah. And I realized that there was no way that the rabbi was going to Bar Mitzvah my son if he still believed in Jesus. Now, fortunately for me and unfortunately for him, I was his homeschooling teacher so I was able to give him, I would say to him, this is what Christianity teaches about this verse and this is what Judaism says, what do you think? And one by one, my son went through each of those passages which is what eventually turned into my white book which is called Scripture Twisting, which is out, there's one copy of it out there if anybody wants to buy it. But he went through each of these verses and he decided that Judaism was the truth. And so a year later, he was Bar Mitzvah. Now, leading up to that point, I was talking to my husband and my parents and with my father, as I would present something with him, he was bound and determined to prove that Judaism was wrong. So when I said, hey dad, have you taken a look at what the Judaism says about the virgin birth and he would go back and he would try to hammer it out and he was going to prove that Judaism was wrong and that Christianity was right, except he didn't. With each challenge that I gave him, he came back saying, you know, I think you're right. And so his preaching in the congregation began to change and one by one or two by two, the congregation started to drop off. And meanwhile though, I'm also talking to my husband about what I believe and we used to have the most amazing marriage on earth. We never argued, not that we didn't disagree because that would be weird. But we never fought and now we were fighting all the time because everything that I said to him offended him and everything he said to me offended me and everybody was convinced that we were going to end up divorced because of all of the fighting that was going on. Well, here we are a year after I've come back to Judaism a little bit less and it's my son's bar mitzvah and we invited Mark to the bar mitzvah party. Now, fortunately for my son, his birthday is in June, so we had a backyard barbecue and at one point, fairly early on, I go and I look out the window and I see Mark talking to my parents. A few hours later, I look out the window again and Mark and my parents are still talking. What happened was my dad was asking him questions about all of the little things that were still left un-clarified from all of our discussions and by the end of the bar mitzvah party, my mom and my dad had decided to come back to Judaism as well. So now all four of my kids are coming along. I mean, six and eight year olds, they just believe whatever their mom believes anyway, right? Or whatever you tell them to believe, kind of. Hang on one second, sorry. And another year goes by and my husband and I are still fighting up a storm.  To which my husband says, well, actually, no, I'm not. I said, what? He said, well, over the past two years, you have given me enough evidence that the New Testament is not true. I don't believe in the New Testament and so I cannot believe in Jesus anymore. He said, but I'm not about to convert to Judaism because I'm not convinced that Judaism is the truth with a capital T and I don't want to trade one flawed religion for another. But at that point, our status in the community changed because now no longer being a Christian, he was what we call a Noahide or a Ben-Noach. And that is a non-Jew who believes in the God of Israel and the validity of the Torah but doesn't necessarily feel called to convert to Judaism. But because of that change in our status, we started to be able to attend classes in the community and to make a long story short, another two years later, so four years after I came back to Judaism, my husband decided that Judaism was the truth with a capital T and he converted to Judaism and Paul Michael Taylor became Pinchas Moshe and we were married under the Chuppah in Baltimore at the Yatzchayim Center with our children and our small community of friends. So thank you. I'm actually going to end this part of my talk with a story and then I'll be happy to take questions.  And well, the bag's a little heavy but you know what? I'll just, it's sand, I'll just take it with me and so he's dragging this bag of rocks and he takes out a rock and he tosses it into the water and he takes out another rock and he tosses it into the water and he does this for a couple of hours. At one point one of the rocks falls out of his hand and it hits a rock in the ground and it splits open and he discovers that it actually wasn't a rock but rather it was a ball of clay and inside this ball was a precious gemstone.  Oh my God, if I had known what was inside those rocks to begin with I wouldn't have thrown them away and I would now be a multimillionaire instead of having this small treasure that I have. Well, I liken Judaism to that bag of rocks. So many of us see Judaism as this big heavy burden full of mitzvots that are not very interesting, certainly no fun and we just spend our life going through life tossing them into the water. If you see your Judaism more like that bag of rocks than the treasure that you have been given as a Jewish person my second challenge to you today is to find someone or someones who will be that rock in the ground for you. You know them. They're people who are excited about being Jewish. Go to them and ask them, hey, why are you so excited about Judaism? You know, I teach this whether I'm teaching a spiritual talk or I'm talking to business owners the principle that you need to surround yourself with people who have what you want and people who want what you have.  But we need to surround ourselves with people who have what we want because we can learn so much from them and enthusiasm really is contagious. So go to them and say, hey, you know, I'm just curious why do you love being Jewish so much? Or can I come and learn with you once a week or once a month? Can I come to your house for a Shabbat meal? Make it take the opportunity to get to know and understand about the treasure that you have been given as a Jewish person. Thank you.


Foreign exchange market is considered as the largest financial market in the world. It is a place where all currencies of different countries of the world is traded as it is an over-the-counter market so it does not provide a single location in the world where currency traders can get together. That is a reason that in this market all trading of currencies is traded in terms of US dollars. By cross-rate we mean the exchange rate between two non-US currencies or in other words cross-rate is the rate between dollar exchange of one currency and the dollar exchange rate of another currency. Let us assume that one euro is equal to one dollar and one Swiss franc is equal to two dollars so the cross-rate between euro and a Swiss franc is equal to 0.50 but what if the cross-rate of euro for a single Swiss franc is equal to 0.40. Now this means that there is some inconsistency and that inconsistency is between the cross-rate and the exchange rate. Let take an example to understand this inconsistency and the potential benefit that a foreign exchange trader can have using this particular inconsistency. We assume that you can convert 100 dollars to Swiss franc where the Swiss franc has two units equivalent to one US dollar so you can convert 100 US dollars into 200 US francs at this exchange rates. Now convert these, convert euros to the cross-rate where you have 200 Swiss francs and the cross-rate of the euro is 0.40 per Swiss franc one so you will get 80 euros. Now this means that we have two prices of euros one is 100 and the other is 80. However converting dollars into euros without going through the Swiss francs you can have 100 dollars where the exchange rate between the euro and dollar is equal to one as I have earlier said that in this example we have two prices of euro one is the exchange rate between euro and dollar equivalent to one and the other is the equality of 0.80 euro with one US dollar and this price is definitely depends on the fact that how we get the euros in the market. Now there is a concept that is the triangular arbitrage. This triangular arbitrage plays an important role in minting money using the cross rates and in this play we basically buy low and sell high different currencies. Now assume that euros are cheaper than the US dollars as we buy them with the US dollars so it is possible to get one euro instead of just 0.8 euro. This means that we need to proceed in certain steps in the triangular arbitrage process. The first step is to buy 100 euros for 100 dollars and then with these 100 euros you need to buy 200 Swiss francs at a cross rate of 0.4 euro and then you need to buy 125 dollars with the help of available 250 Swiss francs at the exchange rate of two Swiss francs equivalent to one dollars. This means that your dollar value raises from 100 dollars to 125 dollars so this three-step arbitrage transaction has given you a profit of 25 dollars in this particular play. Take another example. We assume that exchange rate between one unit of dollar is equivalent to 0.6 of British pound and there are two Swiss francs equal to one US dollars. The cross rate then the cross rate then is equal to the three six francs equivalent to 0.6 British pound. Now let us see whether there is any inconsistency between the cross rate and the exchange rate and how one can earn profit using these cross rates assuming that the person has 100 dollars with himself. If you see the cross rate then this should be equal to 3.33 Swiss francs per US British pound so the exchange rate for between dollars and six francs is equal to 200 Swiss francs and using the exchange rate between Swiss francs and the British pound we get a pound in total of 66.67 and using the exchange rate between US dollar and the British pound we get 111.12 dollars so we started from 100 dollars and ended up with 111.12 dollars so again this three-step triangular arbitrage transaction has resulted in the profit of 11.12 US dollars. In foreign exchange market when there are two types of transaction the one is spot trade and the second is the power trade. If we talk about spot trade this refers to an agreement to exchange currency at the spot means at the present or at zero time period. In spot trade transaction the trade is generally settled between the two business days and in such type of trade the exchange rate is called as a spot exchange rate whereas the forward trade is concerned this refers to the agreement to exchange currency at some point of time in future. The rate to be used in a future and that is but that is that rate is agreed upon today so this rate is called as forward exchange rate and forward trade transactions settlement is generally takes place between the coming 12 months period. There is a concept of forward premium and forward discount in these types of trades up I mean the foreign trade if a currency is more expensive in future then it is today then this means that the currency is to be selling at a premium in terms of the relative currency and opposite is true for the forward discount. Now how forward premium and forward discount can be computed let's take an example we expect a receipt of 1 million British pound in next six months the spot and 180 day forward exchange rate in terms of dollars per British pound is 1.5649 dollars and 1.5626 respectively how many dollars we can get in six months and the second question is that is the pound selling at a discount or premium relative to the US dollar for the first part of the question we need to multiply the 1 million British pound with the forward exchange rate of US dollar so we have 1.5625 million US dollars after six months and you see that buying a pound in the forward market is less cheaper than it is today this means that the pound is selling at discount at present in relation to the US dollar.


That's the theme from the Sears radio theater tonight a program of love and hate with Sicily Tyson as your hostess Here's a preview. Do you really think they'll March? There must be a dozen posters in the law school quad along saying they will Did you see that notice saying that a committee is meeting to stop them? Yeah? Think I should join if you want to Are you? No The Sears radio theater will begin after this message from your local station Sicily Tyson I'm here in the history wing of the world-renowned burden University There's a window in the door of this office, and I can see Jill Graham inside Jill is 25 and very bright Her PhD thesis is entitled correlations between literature of the Carolingian Renaissance and that of the French 12th century Renaissance It's a safe scholarly topic One that makes the ebb and flow of historical events and human passions seem far away However, history doesn't always wait to be read about in books Soon something will happen right in Jill's town that will change her life forever and That cultural force will in turn be only a phrase in a history book to another scholar But now Jill isn't interested in history in the making She's interested in the history of ancient civilizations That's the course that her tutoring pupil Donna Mardisian is trying to pass Gives a fuzzle about the Peloponnesian war. I don't know any Peloponnesians I don't even know how to spell it. We study the Peloponnesian war because I don't care Why bother to learn it so you can pass the course. That's what you're paying me for isn't it? And that's only the beginning of our story There's radio theater a new adventure in radio listening Five nights of exceptional entertainment every week brought to you in Elliott Lewis production of the Sears Radio Theater our story the Great March by Patricia Joyce our stars Miss Joyce as Jill Graham and Shepard Minkin The Sears Radio Theater is brought to you by Sears Robot and Company Sears for America shops for value Jill Graham is having trouble with her pupil Donna Mardisian It seems that Donna has a short attention span and a short temper She's also short-sighted She thinks it's easier to blame her frustrations on Jill than it is to buckle down and overcome her own mental blocks That's so lame What did you think this junk matters? It has its purpose in the curriculum.  You're so pedantic That's all you think life's about isn't it being holed up on the fifth floor of the library stacks Getting pasty skin and bags under your eyes going cross-eyed reading fine print That's not the issue here. Do you even have any friends? Come on Donna cut it out What about men?  Donna lay off it that has nothing to do with the purpose of this meeting Which is to get you to pass your class Now either you want to work or you don't I don't I already told you that then save your money.  She's right. I Mean I do get carried away with my work, but that's good. I do the same thing Help me get where I am and help you get where you are. That's the problem with that drivdana She's not willing to get into her work. Ellen. We've known each other for what seven years. Yeah In seven years, I've had two successful relationships One has been my friendship with you. The other has been my relationship with my history books I've never had a successful romance. So I feel that's something I should have Should have or want to have both Well, I don't know how true all that is Society says woman can't be fulfilled without romance, but your life is gonna be fulfilled without that You've got the beginning of a very important career in history. You've got both law school and Roger. Well, yeah I just think life is really precious and I want to know as much of it as I can I Don't know how much I'm learning about people up in the history library. I'll tell you one thing Joe You know a lot more about people than Donna Mardisian does you know not to try to hurt someone else just because you can't cope It's wrong Joe you look like you just found a cockroach in your soup. Did you see those posters in the quad? Unfortunately, Gary reminds me of Donna Mardisian Why you think Donna Mardisian is a member of the American fascist party?  Oh, I'm serious. It's the same psychological problem Donna was frustrated about her own problem, but rather than deal with them. She focused her anger into attacking me Now a lot of these American fascist party guys are frustrated and lonely their racial slurs come out of their own and happiness I think you're right.  There must be a dozen posters in the law school quad alone saying they will Did you see that notice saying that a committee is meeting to stop them? Yeah You think I should join if you want to are you? No But you're Jewish Look, I don't like what they stand for obviously, but legally they have a right to march Isn't it a question of humanity not legality? The purpose of law is to help society function in an equitable humane way Don't you think that's a really pompous statement probably I Don't know I'm going to that committee and go help you get out of the library I'm not doing it for social reasons, but you said you want to be around people more look I happen to think it's the right thing to do the right thing to do is to protect their right to free speech My favorite Oliver Wendell Holmes quote what the Constitution must protect is not free thought for those who agree with us But freedom for the thought we hate I had American history 239. I know what the guy said There's a meeting going on in the burdenville community center Its purpose is to stop the American fascist party from marching through town So far it's been a passionate meeting people were screaming and carrying on about all the different issues Now they've finally decided on a plan of action The cheer woman rear Arnold stands at the podium She breathes sigh of relief as she raises her gap That concludes today's meeting. Thank you friends for coming Excuse me, I said excuse me. I need to get by your books are blocking my way. Oh Thank you. Thank you aren't you coming. Oh, I I guess I should Are you all right? I think so. I think I am Are you ill? Do you need some help getting out? No, no, I'm fine The meeting just affected me a lot. That's all. Yes. Yes. It's very unpleasant The idea of the American fascist party marching here in burdenville I don't understand why people have to be so hateful to each other neither do I it's all through history people killing other people Pretending it's ideological conflict. All it really is is hate It's instant replays of the slaughter of the Albigensian heretics. That's what it is. Perhaps Perhaps although the slaughter of the Albigensians had as much to do with greed and lust for power as it did with hatred It was the same in Europe during the Second World War What did you say? It was the same in Europe before that That the Albigensian crusade was caused by greed and lust for power the Albigensian crusade in the 13th century the same I'm a medieval historian. Are you? No, no, no by profession. I'm a doctor. How did you know about the Albigensian heretics? I'd like to know things me too It's not too late. Would you like to have some pie and coffee together? Ah, I'd like to talk with you I I think that gentleman over there would like to close the hole. Oh, oh, I'm sorry.  Only if you want me to look at your x-rays Sometimes I Think I spend too much time learning and not enough with people But they say things all work out. Mmm. That's what I was told too as I got older I wondered if indeed it all works out How's your pie? It's good once some if you'll try mine What is it? You have a tattoo on your arm Yes You were in the concentration camp for five years.  Oh, I'm not the only one in this town. There are there are many survivors here I was just angered at the American fascist party was marching I didn't even think about what it would be like to remember the real fascist to have gone through that. I'm Jewish. Oh Yes Does it bother you to talk about the camp sometimes not now I Think that now it is a bit of a release. I felt very angry during the meetings Yet it is easier to say that I've been in the camps when I am sitting in a warm coffee shop and seeing a sympathetic face looking at me over a piece of cherry pie It makes those five years seem very far away, but they are far away An experience like that is Never very far from one Especially with this little reminder that the American fascist party has planned How did you do it? Survive I mean. Oh, I almost didn't know what else in my family did. I'm sorry. I Remember the day that we knew we were free. What was it like? For everybody it was different Some cried other people ran around kissing everything for me I Remember noticing How good everything smelled suddenly you can't imagine how wonderful life is When you've come so close to losing it I I am where you going How about you? Oh, I've been working on my thesis until my brain cells are all short circuiting now I'm taking a break. I'm going over to the committee to stop the American fascist party march She how many won the grandiose title going to a committee with a name like that'll probably fry your brain even more I figure that a change of pace will spark me up. What are you gonna do? We're campaigning door-to-door to get people to support certain town ordinances that will ban the march what ordinances Oh, let's see. I was talking about this one a lot last night They want to ban slogans or symbols like the Schwastika that would defame a group. I think it makes sense Did you know that there are a lot of survivors of concentration camps here in Burdenville? I mean, what do you think it would do to the other ordinance? Let's see no marching in paramilitary uniforms like the stormtroopers uniform, but it's almost the same as the first. Oh What's the other one? Let me think. Oh It's um They want the American fascist party to post an insurance bond for any damages that might result from the march It'll never hold up under the First Amendment. How can you say that because it won't shouldn't you don't know confidence? Well, you know me, you know, I always come off more confident than I am I really don't know what'll happen, but I tell you Jill I could bore you with long legal arguments and precedents But to me the basic issue is are we gonna have freedom of speech or not if we are it's a costly freedom I guess sometimes some people have to pay a higher price for that freedom than others. We're not talking about textbook cases We're talking about people. I met this doctor for coffee after the meeting and if you had a doctor, you know It's nothing like that He's a lot older than me and he's married. He also has a teenage daughter. He's just a nice man who wanted to talk Anyway, he was in the concentration camps for five years.  Isn't there such a thing as protection for mental cruelty? Why should he have those old wounds opened up again? You know, it just doesn't seem fair Well, it doesn't seem fair to deny people the right to speak does it? No Oh, well, and I don't know. It's also confusing. All I know is it right now. I need to get over to my committee meeting I'll see you tomorrow. Hey, have a good time with your doctor. Ellen Easy to turn off the TV news and ignore events that are happening halfway around the world Not so easy when those events are happening in your home town For weeks the town's people of Burdenville could talk of nothing But the upcoming March by the American fascist party I've been thinking about all that you've been through in the camps and everything It makes my intellectual agonizing seem pretty foolish. You mustn't say that we each have our own struggles And I must tell you I have been so disappointed with myself When I was in the camps, I said that people don't appreciate life. They don't see how precious it is They don't realize how fully it must be used And yet I don't know that I have used these 30 years since the war so well But we all fall short of our aspirations. I think that makes life more exciting Even when I reach one of my goals, I set up a new one. Don't you? Yes. Yes, that's true. Yes, I Hope I won't upset you if I ask you this but Do you think that the American fascist party could ever be as powerful as the German fascist party anything is possible There is one important difference between the American fascists and the Germans. It saddens me very much Many Germans claim they knew nothing of the Holocaust until the war was over. I think it is true that they did not know However, the American fascist party is aware of all the atrocities that some of the Germans committed and yet They still persist in wanting to be like those killers. It's really ugly That's why even with your first amendment freedom of speech. I think what they do is illegal. Why? Because the party openly advocates racism to me Just the act of wearing the swastika is an act of identifying oneself with the Holocaust But this this only saddens me perhaps it's better if we talk about it things then things Became so very different between truly and me Right around the time that she was pregnant with the Lana why I Would be lying if I told you that I understood the reasons. Oh Well, what happened? I Think the word Arid arid best explains what my marriage is like And yes, it's it's it's like your southwestern deserts my marriage Well, it's strong. It's a very real force in my life And I believe it is a force and truly and the Lana's life yet if there's no passion Nothing grows there. Then why did you get married? Oh? Oh It's not always that way I First met through the after the war during my burst of idealism when I really thought that the world could change and be better Things were so good with us then so fresh Now we've lived together like brother and sister for almost 20 years Yet at least I have the memory of that first tenderness to console me You're like me. You're too hard on yourself. Hmm perhaps really How are you hard on yourself? Oh, I'm a perfectionist, you know So I take it really hard when something like a relationship doesn't work out. This is not just a relationship It is it's my marriage Yeah, I'm sorry Yeah, I don't I don't complain about my marriage. This is rare for me. Oh, it's my fault My disappointments and expectations are so intense. I Think I overemphasize What of you? What of you? Have you a nice friendship? Do you mean do I have a boyfriend? No, I can't believe this I get along well with women, especially my best friend Ellen and I usually have excellent Relationships with my professors and the undergrads I tutor except for this one girl Donna Mardigian But I don't know with men either. They aren't smart enough or they're too wishy-washy or if they are guys I like they don't like me. Why is that? I don't know, but you're so lovely. I think I mean secure You should be very confident to success for young woman like yourself.  You sound like my mom I should be this I should be that well and some things. I'm a failure, you know I mean some things may not go the way I'd like them to that's just the brakes for me You're very young 25 isn't so young Time enough. I don't care anyone. Yes, you do not that much It's getting dark. I better go I Will walk you home. You don't have to It's getting dark The problem is it's the doctor. I told you about Ellen. What doctor? Oh, well, and you remember Jan Camaro, it's the one who's on the committee to stop the March the one with the wife, right? Terrific. Oh, I know it's not smart, but I've been spending a lot of time with him You know after we finish our volunteer work and everything just his friends only I've Started thinking about him in a romantic way. I Guess in some way it's healthy for me. He's the first man. I've known that I felt compatible with What do you mean by that? It's like being with you. Oh, yeah You know only it's different because you're different people of course and there's the whole man woman undercurrent with Jan Anyway, I can be relaxed and be myself around him and he's sensitive and intelligent enough to know what I'm saying Sometimes I think he understands what I'm trying to get across better than I do myself Sounds good Jill. Yeah good. Do I think about it? That's just I don't know if there's anything to do for all I know he might think I'm just another mousey-haired graduate student Oh, I can't imagine anyone calling your hair mousey Anymore than I can imagine someone thinking of you is just another graduate student. See that's another thing He's real supportive just like you are. He's also married. Yeah with a teenage daughter Well, maybe my romantic feelings will all kind of blow over maybe What's new with you enough about me? Well, Roger's in the tax law class this quarter, so I never see him What's happening on your committee now that the town ordinances have passed or do you spend all your time day dreaming about your doctor friends? No, we have to go to court The American fascist party says we're denying their freedom of speech. We're trying to raise the money to hire a really good lawyer I knew they would I hope they uphold the freedom of speech. Well, that's encouraging Jill I'm a bleeding heart liberal law student Wait until I get out in the cold cruel world and someone from your committee offers me the case in favor of the town ordinances I'd change my colors soon enough. Would you argue the case with all the ordinances? Not me But I'd be tempted Fascinating issue this free speech gives someone the right to be offensive does it Well, the danger is that if the court decides that offenses speech is illegal Then somebody has to decide what is offensive and what isn't that's not healthy Having someone dictate what's morally right and what's morally wrong too much censorship power and see what you mean You do sure then heck. I'm you're trying to stop the March. Well, my gut tells me to stop them Even if my head knows that they probably should be allowed to mark You know what really worries me What if there's a riot or something couldn't the American fascist party be arrested then I? Don't think so. Not unless they incite the riot. Why there's this case board in Ella versus the city of Philadelphia a Priest was giving a ridiculously bigoted speech and the crowd rioted He was arrested on breach of peace then acquitted because he didn't urge or incite the riot It's been used as a precedent to protect civil rights workers and stuff. Oh boy.  Thank you. Please don't be offended But what my affection for you I Didn't know no meaning Affection I I thought it was written on me. I thought you must you must see it. I didn't see it You're angry do I look angry? No, I really feel Affection for you too. I Know you're married, but a man may be married and be attracted to another woman But he has responsibilities to that woman as well as his wife If the marriage is a strong one the other woman could perhaps be hurt if not the wife. I know I Thought about that too. You did Yes, I don't know what to say Yon. I only know that I've been a lot less lonely since we've been friends And here's the concluding act of the Great March The court of Marie de Champagne was the most fascinating thing about the 12th century Renaissance. Oh, why is that? It seems to me that was the first time women as a group were considered as a real social force Did you know that during the Middle Ages one of the church councils actually debated whether or not women had soul No, I didn't they decided that we did We're here Yes, I Love talking with you. Yes, and I do I Can always tell when you're feeling vulnerable You say yes, and then your eyes get all misty. I do Yes, I must I find myself wanting to say yes right now. Yes I Can't ask you to come in Yon. I can't it's not just a question of whether I care for you or not.  Are you studying that and cooking split pea soup on my illegal hot plate? I hope you're not the local sheriff. Oh, well, come on. Can you spare the time?  What do you think? I think I need to borrow your brilliant legal mind to help me solve a problem. Oh, no Not that I can't take that Sacrifice me to the biology lab for dissection purposes devour my split pea soup leave me to starve But please don't make me use my legal mind anymore Ellen I'm sorry. I'm just punchy from cracking the books all day. I'll say Really, what's up on some soup? No, thanks. It's about Yon. Oh I don't know what to do a week ago Yon took me out to dinner and told me that he loved me the week ago. Why didn't you tell me? I still thought it might blow over I guess or maybe I wanted to be sure of what was happening before I said anything So what's happening? I don't know what love means really I I think that word is used to describe so many different kinds of feelings even you know feelings that are ugly like Forcing another person to act a certain way because you love them or fighting wars for love of country or some ideal Joining the American fascist party for the love of your own ethnic group at the expense of the rest of humanity, right? Anyway, my my feelings for Yon are different from anything. I've ever felt for a man before I Can talk to him on an equal level. We're interested in the same things But but it's more than that weird Aware of each other's needs and and what we can do to make things better for each other. I know what you mean I feel that way about Roger There are these things in the way I don't know if I have the strength to deal with them and I don't even know if I should deal with them I don't like that word should you know that? To me it seems like you're worried about what society says you should do Not making up your own mind from your own personal values. I want to make up my own mind. What's the problem? well He's a lot older than I am but I think I can handle that you do it's a more clear-cut thing all I have to ask myself is Do I care enough about him to want to be with him when I'm middle-aged and he's an old man? The answer is yes What else? Well The big problem is his marriage. He's been married for 25 years to a woman named Trudy He has a daughter Ilana who just turned 19 He and Trudy really haven't been husband and wife since their daughter was born. You really you believe that? Yes Anyway, I don't think sex is the most important thing in a marriage. Yon and Trudy have other things. Oh Ellen it's awful if I get involved with him I'll hurt a woman and girl that I don't even know people who mean a lot to Yon But if he doesn't leave Trudy, it'll be just terrible for me. I couldn't love someone and be second Don't do that Joe. Remember how I felt when I found out Barry Simpson was seeing me and Lisa Kelly Destried my self-esteem. Yeah And then there's Yon He must be quite a man He is But I don't know if he could handle the confusion of having a relationship with two women. He really respects Trudy I don't know what would do to him to hurt her or me. I just don't know My brilliant legal mind is hearing all these great reasons against getting involved What are the reasons for doing it? That was the first thing I told you I love him. Oh, right I don't know Seems to me Jilly That your feelings about this man are the same as your feelings about the March that brought you together in the first place The American Fascist Party March? No the March of History. Of course the American Fascist Party March You think of that as No, wait It's more than that There's a conflict between your gut reaction and your mind your heart in your head your heart says I Hate what the American Fascist Party stands for I don't want them to March your head says But if I stop them from marching I may set a precedent that'll restrict freedom of speech. Am I right? Yeah Something like that. You're okay. Your heart says I love Yon Kamarowitz But your head says if I get involved with this man, there will probably be painful repercussions for everybody concerned Listen to me. I sound so logical and you're over there tearing yourself to bits. No, no, I see what you mean It's a good point So may I knew which voice to listen to both? Look if I get corny for a second promise not to tell anybody promise I Think the mind and the heart or emotions or whatever you want to call it are very precious gifts It is almost be going against the life force not to use them to their fullest advantage They're both like guides to me anyway. I Listen to my heart then I listen to my head and eventually I know inside what I have to do What should I do about yon? I don't know Jill. That's your decision After all your heart and head give you different messages Then mine give me yon. How are you? Very good very good What is it you wanted to tell me a? lot first of all, I'm Leaving the committee to stop the march Why is this? I still don't like what the American fascist party stands for But I guess I finally realize that this free speech thing is important to me, too Well, it's important to all of us. Yes, but Rhea Arnold and I have been talking We think that we have found a solution that will satisfy most of the committee members. What's that? Since the town ordinances were declared Unconstitutional under the First Amendment We must allow the American fascist party to march really we have to yes. Yes legally we must however We think that the most effective way to protest them Would be to pay them no attention to ignore them this overgrown bullies do not even merit a counter demonstration They'll give a march and nobody will come That's great. So you can still be with the committee and satisfy your conscience No, yon. It's more than that Can't stay with the committee because I Can't see you anymore at least for a while Oh What of our friendship? I Feel like I've done something awful letting my emotions get carried away with me I should have known it would be bad to get so attached to you. How can you say that? I don't know. I I know I can't get involved with you in a physical way It would hurt just hurt you and me and your family too much. I should have seen that I should have known what I was getting into I should have stayed in the library where I belong. Yes What's that supposed to mean? Yes. Yes. Yes, you do belong in the library.  Oh sure. I understand That it would be hard if we became more deeply involved. I Believe it is a wise decision you have made But please don't say that our friendship should not have been you have helped to bring back my passion for life Something that I thought had died forever, but it's painful. What? Getting close and breaking off. Perhaps there is some pain mixed with the joy. Joy Has it not been a joyous friendship? Will you be angry if I tell you something? How do I know until you tell me? I Hope that I can take this passion for life that I have rediscovered with you and Bring it back to my family Why? So I can keep alive what you have brought out in me that way I can feel your presence even if I don't see you Then I hope you stay happy and what of me what of me have I given you nothing? Confidence Caring for a man whom I admire. I never thought that was going to happen for me You will use this for me. How by using the library for studying not for hiding By believing that there are other men who will care for you as I have Men you will lie. Oh try don't try do it. Okay? It is ironic, you know What? That this March which I hate so much has helped to bring back the joy of life that I lost When the real fascists first came to my home My happiness after the war was a false happiness a reaction to intense sadness That happiness I have felt knowing you Something I have not felt since I was very little It is a happiness that is best appreciated by people. They have once felt very disillusioned an Innocent happiness I I hope you can understand a little Then that is enough Here's radio theater has been brought to you by Sears Roboc and company where our policy is Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back Sears where America shops for value The Great March was written by Patricia Joyce Produced and directed by Elliot Lewis your hostess was Sicily Tyson Our stars were Patricia Joyce and Shepherd Minkin Featured in the cast were Mary Jane Croft and Janet Waldo The music for Sears radio theater was composed and conducted by Nelson Riddle. This is Art Gilmore speaking The Elliot Lewis production of Sears radio theater is a presentation of CVI


We saw how adding even steamed, skinless chicken breasts can exacerbate the insulin spike from white rice, but fish may be worse. Here's the insulin score of a low-carb plant food like peanuts, compared to common low-carb animal foods— eggs, cheese, and beef. But fish was even worse. Closer to doughnut territory. Here's the insulin spike. If you feed people mashed white potatoes, then what would happen if you added some tuna fish? You get twice the insulin spike, same with white flour spaghetti and white flour spaghetti with meat. The addition of animal protein may make the pancreas work twice as hard. You can do it with straight sugar water. If you do like a glucose challenge test to test for diabetes, where you drink a certain amount of sugar, this is the kind of spike in insulin you get. But if you take in the exact same amount of sugar, but with some meat added, you get this. And the more meat you add, the worse it gets. Just adding a little meat to carbs doesn't seem to do much, but once you get up to like a third of a chicken breast worth, you can elicit a significantly increased surge of insulin. So a chicken sandwich may aggravate the metabolic harm of the refined carb white bread it's on, but what about a PB&J? Well we saw that adding nuts to wonder bread actually calms the insulin and blood sugar response. What if instead you smeared on an all-fruit strawberry jam? Berries have even more antioxidants than nuts, and can indeed squelch the oxidation of cholesterol in response to a typical American breakfast, and even reduce the amount of fat in your blood after the meal. And with less oxidation, there is less inflammation when berries are added to a meal. So a whole plant food source of sugar can decrease inflammation in response to an inflammatory stressor meal. What about a whole plant food source of fat? If you eat a burger with a half an avocado on top, within hours the level of an inflammatory biomarker goes up in your blood, but not as high as eating the burger without the avocado. This may be because all whole plant foods contain antioxidants which decrease inflammation, as well as fiber, which is one of the reason even high-fat whole plant foods like nuts can lower cholesterol. And the same could be said for avocados, significant drop in cholesterol levels, especially in those with high cholesterol, with even a drop in triglycerides. If eating berries with a meal decreases inflammation, what about drinking berries? Sipping wine with your white bread significantly blunts the blood sugar spike from the bread, but the alcohol increases the fat in the blood by about the same amount.  If you sip some wine with the same snack, they shoot through the roof. Now we know it was the alcohol because if you use de-alcoholized red wine, non-alcoholic red wine, the same wine, but with the alcohol removed, you don't get the same reaction. This has been shown about a half dozen other studies, along with an increase in inflammatory markers, so it may help in some ways, but not others. A similar paradoxical effect was found with exorcisms. If you have people cycle at high intensity for about an hour, a half day before drinking a milkshake, the triglycerides response is less than without the prior exercise, yet the inflammatory response to the meal appeared worse. The bottom line is not to avoid exercise, but to avoid milkshakes. The healthiest approach is a whole food plant-based diet, but there are promising pharmacologic approaches to the normalization of high blood sugars and fat by taking medications. However, resorting to drug therapy for an epidemic caused by a maladaptive diet is less rational than simply realigning our eating habits with our physiological needs.