Hi everybody it's Sam at Mixed Up Craft, thank you for watching my tutorial today. I'm going to be showing you how to make this double pop-out Z-fold card. So it's the pop-out Z-fold that I've made which is this half here. So a lot of you will recognise that card, I've basically just doubled it up and I really love how this one looks. So this is a special card for a 40th wed anniversary, it's actually for my parents. Now this one isn't finished yet, I'm still working on it. I was waiting for the these kind of the Nuvo drops here to dry because this is going to be mistletoe berries and then I've got mistletoe that's going in here. So well you can tell they got married in the month of December. So and yeah there's a few, I'm not going to go into all the details of it, it's got the robin on there for a reason and yeah it's just I know she's going to love this or they are going to love it. And then the back you've got lots of room for your message which again I'll show you in a moment but it all folds nice and flat, kind of clicks in, you know you can put one side under the other it's entirely up to you but it all folds flat and fits into a matching envelope which I'll show you how to make as well. So let's get into the tutorial. So there again is what we're going to achieve so I've done one half and I'm going to do the other one with you. So those of you that have made the Z, the pop out Z-fold card, you know you just want to do two of those and basically stick them together. So I've got all the pieces here I'm using as you can see my favourite paper Christmas pad. This and the Dovecraft Christmas towels are my two favourites or maybe magical stories as well. Hey I've got three. Anyway so it is that's for the envelope so I'm going to keep that, put that one there. So it's the cosy Christmas, absolutely love this one, so nice. I brought two packs that was the other pack that I brought at the craft show so this one's nearly gone but then I've got that one as well. So and then the one that I showed you is using this one here, the paper boutique, the essence of Christmas. It's a beautiful one, it's really nice and yeah that's what I used. Okay so you're going to need two pieces of 10 by 7 inch cardstock and you want to score along the 10 inch side you're going to score at 2.5 and 5 and then you want to draw a pencil line at 7.5 so I've already done mine there so pencil line all the way through at 7.5 okay. Then rotate it onto the 7 inch side and you want to come in at 2.25 you want to hover your stylus over the first section and then start scoring in the second past that score line down to the pencil line. So you're basically scoring within the two centre kind of panels so if I just bring that up here so there's if I pop it this way there's your 2.5 and there's your 5 score line and then there's the 7.5 pencil line. Rotate it that way and you're going to just hover your stylus at 2.25 until you get to the first score line and then score down past that second score line and down to the pencil line. And then you want to do your next score line in the centre there at 4.75 okay and you can use a ruler if you want because I just kind of eyeballed that but if you're a bit worried that you won't get it exact put your ruler down so it's nice and straight and then just kind of run it along there and then it will fall into the track you can take it away then okay and we're going to end up cutting down these two here so it's just like we do for the other one so do that twice okay then we want to do a little bit of cutting so I'm just going to grab my knife there and with a metal ruler you just want to cut down that score line okay so I'm just going to line that up there make sure it's nice and straight and then just cut like so and then again on this one here okay and then just pop all that away and then you want to rub out your pencil line so make sure you only do it lightly so you don't see that okay and then you're going to score maybe no because I always try not to score on top of a pencil mark because sometimes it can then embed it and it's a bit harder to rub out so do rub it out but then you just want to join the two kind of cut lines you see there there's your two cut lines you want to score in between those there so I'm just going to bring my ruler in just line that up what I'll do is use my grid as well so I can make sure I'm still at seven and a half which is there and then use the thin end I can just see my cut lines there so I'm just going to join those up there we go yeah perfect and then what you want to do so you're going to fold out that first score line bring this up and as you bring it up these ones will then fall back okay so you're pulling this piece out so that's a mountain these will be valleys and then this piece in the middle will be about a mountain yeah a mountain and fold it right across and it should all lie flat and that is your pop out z fold card so if you're new to the channel and you haven't seen this style this is really nice on its own and I put a lovely big flower in the center of mind so like I said do check out that one there but what you're going to do now because you would have done this twice is you're going to have two like that you're just going to turn one around and it's going to stick over the top of that one and there you have that shape I love it I think it's really really cool okay so what you want to do though before you decide which one you want to stick over the top it really doesn't matter whatever one goes over the top so the one underneath you want to take just a little bit off of here it will just help when the whole thing folds you know when you go to put it in your envelope so I'm just going to take pop it back in my trimmer and I'm taking about one eighth of an inch off just slither okay see there and then with the piece that you've just taken that piece you know that slither from I'm going to stick down so I'm just going to add my glue okay and then pop it underneath now you still want to make sure that the edge of this one lines lies up can't get my words out that the edge of this one lines up with this one underneath so don't push it right in it just will you've just taken away a bulk there and like I said it will make a difference and just stick that one down so make sure you know it does line up with that score line nicely and then you can kind of practice folding them in so like I said it doesn't matter which side but whatever one you do just go over all of your score lines just burnishing everything there just making sure that it gets used to kind of where it needs to be like so and now we've got that effect okay now the fun part is to decorate so I have lots of mats and layers here and I've gone and stuck loads of it all down on the silver so I've got my background mat is the silver mirrored cardstock I absolutely love using mirrored cardstock especially on these kind of display style cards so I'm going to tell you the measurements and I've got lots of different patterns and stuff because I need to kind of play around with where you know what's going where but I'm going to do these ones first because I know where these are going so I've got one for the middle I've got one for the outside here and then I've got one that's going to go here so each of these sections are two and a half wide so the the silver mat here is two and a quarter by six and three quarters and then the one the pattern paper on top is two by six and a half so it's just my standard mats just dropping down by that quarter inch increment and that is going to sit in there perfectly and you'll get that nice border so that size you actually want five of each but then you want to look at your pattern papers because I've got three the same on the front I've got one different for the back and then I've got a plain one for the back for me to write my message so these ones are going to go underneath each of these ones on the other side and I'll stick all those down in a minute then I have these pieces here so actually you know let me do the slightly smaller ones because then I can remember where I'm placing all these because I have done different patterns so I've got one there one there one there and one there because these squares are not quite squares they're more of a rectangle whereas these are and these are exact squares they're two and a half by two and a half and then I've got four of these which are going to go on the side bits of each of these ones here so there's four there so in total of this size you want eight that are just grab my reader so I make sure I get it right that are two and a quarter by two that's the silver then the pattern is two by one and three quarters and you want eight again all this is always listed in my blog so don't worry about writing it all down now but then those ones are going to go on the side pieces there and then I've got these ones to go either side of here which have got that so again this is a two and a half by two and a half square so these are the silver a two and a quarter squared and then the pattern is two inches squared they're going to go on each side then you'd want that same size again for the front but I've done mine slightly differently because I think all I'm going to do is lay down a mirrored cardstock and then I've gone and fussy cut all of these presents and I'm going to do like a little cluster on each one and then I'm going to have this kind of tag in the centre there so it's sending you sending love at Christmas so if you want these same sizes for the back you can but all I'm doing for the back is just these ones but if you want to do the back then you just need to do these same sizes so that's where we are for the minute so I'm going to go and get all this stuck down okay so this is how it looks I love it I love all the different sides I think it looks really really cool and then the back you can see that I've just got those two like I said you can put more on there I'm into mines really not that it's a waste but I guess it could look quite cool but we'll see it's up to you I'm going to leave that one for you because no one is going to ever really see that they're going to you know look once for the message and then it's always going to be displayed just make sure that glue's stuck down still you know it's then going to just always be displayed that way so I don't know anyway then I'm going to like I said add my little sentiment there and then I've got them the Christmas wishes to go inside but then all of these I'm just going to kind of build up on some foam so I'm going to put each one on a little bit of foam adhesive I've got the actual main parcel there I want a little bit of the silver to kind of like just kind of poke out through and overlap some of it and the nice thing is is that you can have things overhanging on this piece obviously not too much over this bit because it needs to fit in your envelope because obviously that all folds down and it will run you know along the sides there so yeah don't go too mad but you can certainly come in this area here but I want to do something like that on each side I think so I don't know I look at it I don't know whether to just put more pattern paper there and then do something just with some presents maybe I just do a few presents and pattern paper maybe that's nicer and keep that down there do right now again I'm just talking to myself imagining you're here now and I can hear you saying no Sam do what you originally done I think I'm going to put some pattern paper and then just have something like that pop that one in behind there yeah I think that's what I'm going to do I think I prefer that and then pop a couple of little ones down there and have that one maybe a two together or maybe I have them here try to see what it looks like in the screen so that looks a bit lost there but I think if I pop it up there it looks a little bit more yeah I'm going to go for that I think that's what I'm going to do so I'm going to put this on high speed I'm going to just cut another pattern paper what do I put it directly on this now I'm going to cut a similar paper from the pad stick that down so it'll be another one of these mats that are this size so it will be two by two and then I'm going to stick these views in some foam okay and there's the finished card I really like it I'm pleased now that I've done that more I guess planar background so I think the presents really stand out I've got a little grouping there and there and then I also went and added one there as well I think I've got some I think there might be a bit of grease from my fingers because I've put hand cream on I probably will cover them because I've got some spare here some might as well use them and um I'll fill up with some more pattern paper so I've got lots of scraps so just yeah double your your quantities that I gave you there but I think it's really really nice and like I said it does all fold down nicely so when they pull it out I think it looks yeah love it okay so now the envelopes so you want a piece of I've got this one here this is 11 and three quarters by 11 and three quarters now because this is a large card so it's seven by seven and a half when you've got your envelope punch board what you want to do is you actually end up going off the the scale so it goes up to five but you actually want to punch at five and three quarters so there's already a quarter here so the up to the very edge there is actually five and a quarter so what I done is I just laid this end of this punch board one and a half section so I've just got half an inch here and then I just laid my make sure it's all straight laid my cardstocks this is 11 and a half by 11 and a half where's my little doodah and then just pull this out so it lines up with the you know the edge there you know then that that's overhanging by um three quarters so that's your five and three quarters punch and then bring it down score don't worry if you're you know worried that you might be a little bit awful bit more it's you've got a quarter of an inch allowance around the actual size of the card so it you know you're going to be okay so you can't score all the way down on this one I've got one of the old boards just flip the whole thing around so that's now at the opposite end and again I'm just going to drag that out to there punch and score like so and then I can get rid of that now because all you need to do is just focus on this piece and you want this corner to line up with the line I can just about see mine I know it's there punch and score and that will join up just there which is what you want and again just rotate bring that one along there are envelope calculators online as well so if you just put in that it's a seven by seven and a half it will show you how to do them that way as well so don't worry if you don't have the punch board you can still make the envelope but now I've got that there and although my score lines haven't quite you know joined it's fine you know you've got enough there to be able to fold so bring all that in and then with any of my kind of bulky larger cards what I always like to do is actually lay it in here see so now I can you see there's a quarter of an inch on all four sides before it actually folds so you've got plenty of room but yeah so now all I need to do is just fold in each side around the card because I've got that overhanging there but because we've got that quarter of an inch I can just butt it up this end a little bit and it will fit in and then that one just bring them over like that and then I'm going to run some double-sided tape down that one take the backing off of one side and then that will kind of tack it in place so already it's kind of it's got like a dome shape to it so it's a bit bouncy but that means it's not going to squash card so I do like making them this way and then just bring up that one there and that will stick perfectly and then I just need to add some double-sided tape along here and there and then I can peel that off once I've wrote in it and then stick that down and there's your envelope I think it looks lovely so I'll just pull that one out there so now that's all matching it looks really nice together it is my add-on and I think they look great I'm really pleased with these I've definitely been making some more so I'll probably do a birthday one in the new year and play around with the sizings a little bit because I know a lot of you like to you know do a lot of the same car but then you know again have different sizes and different options so I will definitely be revisiting this one again so I hope you've enjoyed it I hope it's inspired you can't wait as always to see your versions that you share over on our Facebook group mixed up crafters so if you haven't joined go do it it's amazing and yeah thanks for watching and I'll be back again soon with another tutorial bye


So, if you're joining now, please say where you're from or you're listening from in the chat. Today is going to be a really, really good talk, I'm really looking forward to it. It's part of the economics of COVID-19 seminar series that's been run by SOAS and Open Economics.  This is particularly pertinent if you have been following the news with, you know, black Americans really bearing the brunt of the health and financial impacts of the pandemic and this is also true of the UK as well, which is where I'm talking from. So, really looking forward to hearing more about this. Just for some introductions, my name is Justin Kanzer-Ando, I'm a currently a master's student at SOAS and I'm a member of the Black Economist Network. With me today, who I'm really happy to present, is the amazing Dr. Nina Banks. She's an associate professor of economics at Bucknell University in Pennsylvania. So Nina's work focuses on social reproduction and migrant households, black women in work and the economics of Sadie Alexander, the first black economist in the US. And in Bucknell, she teaches courses on US women's economic history, gender and migration and poverty in the US.  So yeah, just to talk a little bit about this seminar series. So it's been co-organized by Open Economics Forum and the Department of Economics. The Open Economics Forum is part of the Rethinking Economics Network and it's a network of students and academic scholars in several countries that promote pluralism in economics and this is a really good time to talk about pluralism in economics when COVID-19 is really changing and affecting everything. I'd also like to give a mention to the Black Economist Network, which I'm a part of, and Nina was actually featured on recently. It's a UK-based organization and it seeks to connect and support and inspire black economists whilst tackling the notable lack of diversity in the field and coming up in economics is something that I've noticed, so it's a really good organization. So if you just want to follow more of these organizations and how they're doing, I'll just give you the socials now. So for SOAS Economics, it's at SOAS Economics on Twitter and then for Open Economics it's at Open Econ Forum and with Rethinking Econ, it's Rethinking Econ at, sorry, and then the Black Economist Network it's at the Black Econ underscore. So this series is, like I said, is aiming to provide a critical perspective on the economic development relating to COVID-19 and there's been a few webinars so far and the recordings are on the Facebook page if you're going SOAS Economics and there'll be more to come. Just to talk about how today will go. So after my introduction, Nina's going to speak for about 25 to 30 minutes and afterwards we'll have some time for some questions. So all of you guys are muted, so if you can just put your questions in the chat, we'll collect them up and then at the end I'll be able to read them out to Nina. Apart from that, there's not much else to say so whenever you're ready, Nina, take it away. Thank you Justin and thank you Marie and the SOAS Department of Economics and the Open Economics Forum for asking me to participate in your webinar series. And welcome to those of you who are joining in. As the pandemic has progressed in the U.S., I have been reminded of the words of the Kerner Commission that they stated over 50 years ago, quote, our nation is moving towards two societies, one black, one white, separate and unequal. The report called attention to racial disparities that gave rise to two Americas. And that's what we see today in very stark relief with the coronavirus. We see a white America that has the job flexibility and security to work from home. The wealth to weather declines in earnings and health insurance to cover sickness in contrast to a black community that has little choice but to work at low wage essential jobs with no wealth to tide them over if they lose jobs and no health insurance coverage if they get sick. We see white families with well-stocked refrigerators and pantries and black families struggling to get food through food pantries. Middle-class white women with husbands at home who complain on social media about having to do a lot of care work, so much so that it has become a national care crisis, while lone black mothers often in harm's way as essential workers struggle to provide care for their children and nobody cares.  And I want to begin by pointing out that the lived experiences of African American women, that is women who are descended from people who were enslaved in the United States, gave birth to black feminism or what is now increasingly being referred to as intersectional feminism. Black feminism's key analytical insights are one, the simultaneity of oppressions and therefore the necessity of struggling against multiple forms of oppression, including economic arrangements that reproduce inequalities. Two, the importance of positionality and relations of power between and among different groups. Three, the use of lived experiences as a valid form of knowledge. And four, the recognition that women are gendered differently based on their race, ethnicity, sexuality, citizenship status, class, caste position and so on. Although black American women develop the foundational theory of intersectional feminism, issues of gender and race continue to be largely framed around the concerns of white women and black men, which continues to render black women invisible. Most discussions of COVID-19, for example, tend to focus on women's increased care responsibilities while working at home, but in a manner that is decontextualized from race or the discussions focus on the disproportionate impact that the virus is having on black communities through employment, incarceration and discriminatory policing without giving a breakdown of how these problems impact women who are at the intersection of structural racism and patriarchy.  In terms of data limitations, economist Rhonda Sharpe of Wiser Policy notes that there is a lack of data disaggregated by race, gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic status through an intersectional lens. We have some data by race and gender, but not sufficient data on their intersection with respect to infection and death rates by race and gender as overlapping categories. This would give us a much better picture of the impact of the virus on demographic groups. Some of the best data have been compiled by the AMP research lab. They estimate that black American mortality rates for COVID-19 is more than two times the rates for Latinos, Asian Americans and white Americans. This death rate has remained over twice as high as the other groups since they began tracking it. In numbers that we can visualize, AMP estimates that if black deaths from COVID-19 were at the same level as white deaths, at least 10,500 black Americans would still be alive. Black Americans are just 13% of the population in the US, but account for 27% of deaths across the country, with some localities having extremely high rates of racial disproportionality. And I want to emphasize that these numbers are an undercount since the United States has not done sufficient testing and has not included many deaths that took place in people's homes.  The question then is why should we be concerned about black women in particular? And my response is that black women's unique work history means that black women occupy an outsized role in sustaining black families. Moreover, African American women have been the central figures in the history of women and work in the US. And black women's history of work explains their precarious position today as the frontline essential workers. So I'm going to talk about some of the structural and ideological factors that explain black women's precarity as workers and as caregivers and why use of the general categories of women or blacks does little to explain black women's position.  And so compared to other women in the US, African American women have historically had higher work burdens going back to the period of slavery as well as higher levels of labor market participation regardless of age, marital status, or presence of children at home. From data compiled by Claudia Gold know that in 1880, married black women were five times more likely to be in the labor force compared to married white women. And unlike white women who left the labor force after marriage, black women usually remained in the labor force for the duration of their lives.   Public policies in the US have always reinforced discriminatory treatment of black women based on the view that black women are workers rather than mothers with caregiving needs at home.  White case workers provided cash assistance to poor lone white mothers, but excluded black women from assistance for most of the history of welfare. Without cash assistance, black women had few options other than work as private household domestic workers for white families. Black women's domestic work and private households lessened white women's unpaid household work burdens and enabled them to have free time in order to do other activities.  This meant that the state simultaneously facilitated the social reproduction of white families while undermining black women's ability to provide care and social reproduction for their own families. Social reproduction refers to processes throughout society that help to reproduce the well-being of the family on a daily and intergenerational basis as well as the reproduction of the labor force. When black women were finally able to receive welfare cash assistance in the 1960s, it led to a backlash that resulted in the dismantling of the program in 1996 and an erosion of the national safety net. Further, as Mutari Power and Feigert have shown, the state compounded black women's lack of protections as mothers by also excluding them from work protections during the New Deal era. Beginning in the 1930s, New Deal minimum wage, over time pay, and collective bargaining legislation excluded domestic service and agriculture, the main sectors where over 90% of black women worked. As a result, black women, including those with school age children, have always been more likely to be in the labor force compared to other mothers because of discriminatory employment and employer and government policies against them. Prior to the pandemic, nearly 80% of black moms with children at home were employed compared with an average of just 66% of white Asian American and Latinx moms. Black women's labor force participation in economic precarity is linked to black men's economic precarity. Since the 19th century, black men have always experienced higher levels of unemployment and irregular work compared to white men. Consequently, married black women have been financial contributors, even co-breadwinners to two parent households because of black men's low earnings. Now, the 1970s is a critical decade that ushered in structural economic and policy changes for workers in the U.S. It was the beginning of deindustrialization and massive job loss for black men living in urban areas, as well as the beginning of mass incarceration of black men. These factors affected black women's prospects for marriage and sharing the burdens of maintaining families. Up until the 1970s, black women were more likely to be married than white women. Mass incarceration and dwindling job prospects for black men, however, have dramatically decreased marriage rates for black women and increased their work burdens. Moreover, the marketization of women's work that had previously been performed at home enabled black women to finally move out of private household work and into the growing service sector. The decade also saw the return of married white women into the labor force in large numbers. The legacy of black women working without important worker protections has continued today since black women are concentrated in low wage, inflexible occupations that lack paid sick and maternity leave. Prior to the pandemic, black women and men were both concentrated in jobs without employer-provided retirement plans, health insurance, paid sick and family leave, and paid vacations.  This is due to black women's disproportionate employment in low-wage service and minimum and sub-minimum wage jobs. A third of black women compared to one-fifth of white women are employed in services. When we add black men's economic precarity to the analysis, it means that over 70 percent of black mothers are the breadwinners in their household, and 75 percent of these breadwining moms are lone parents. The takeaway is that white and black women's labor market experiences are not comparable, and unlike white children, black children's well-being is very much dependent on the well-being of their mothers. Other factors based on structural racism also explain why black Americans are more likely to have worse COVID-19 outcomes compared to other groups in the U.S. These include the racial wealth gap and residential segregation. The median wealth of white families is 10 times greater than that of black families in 2016 dollars, and the gap has grown over time. African-Americans hold only 3 percent of national wealth according to economist Sandy Darity. The huge wealth disparity that exists between whites and blacks is based on the cumulative effects of racially discriminatory policies that have benefited whites and disadvantaged blacks going back to slavery, but most definitely including the huge educational and housing subsidies white Americans received in the post-World War II period through the GI Bill. Racially discriminatory lending and housing policies enabled white Americans to achieve upward social mobility through home ownership in federally subsidized suburban communities. The racial wealth gap will enable white families to be in a much better position to ride out the pandemic compared to black families. Again, black and white women are not comparable when it comes to economic status, especially when we look at marriage effects.  Additionally, three-quarters of whites own their own homes compared to just 42 percent of blacks. Not only is home ownership a source of intergenerational wealth, home ownership for families who are remote working enables them to have access to more living spaces, to extra rooms, backyards, green areas that make home confinement less emotionally taxing and social distancing easier. With respect to living spaces, African Americans continue to be the most residentially segregated community in the U.S. today. Racial segregation is the result of racially discriminatory government and private lending and housing policies. The neighborhoods where we live affect our access to educational and job opportunities. The neighborhoods where we live also affect health outcomes. Black communities in the U.S. are less likely to have access to healthcare providers in nearby neighborhoods. Black communities also experience environmental racism by being disproportionately burdened with environmental contaminants that include toxic waste dumping, lead contamination, and poor air quality.  Pollutants that trigger asthma include outside pollutants as well as indoor living environments with mold, dust mites, cockroaches, rats, pets, and secondhand smoke. Environmental racism tied to residential segregation also means that black communities experience racial disparities in access to healthy foods. Black households in the U.S. were two times more likely to be food insecure compared to the national average prior to the pandemic. And this is due to a variety of factors including food affordability and lack of accessible grocery stores within black communities and the prevalence of convenience stores and fast food restaurants instead. Food sold in convenience stores and fast food restaurants tends to be heavily processed and, as a result, black community members experience a higher incidence of diet related health effects that include diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity. Along with asthma, these health conditions that are based on environmental racism and racial segregation worsen the chances of surviving COVID-19. These environmental justice issues of class and race are also issues of gender since providing food for children is typically women's responsibility. Low-income black women who are lone parents are especially vulnerable to the difficulties of accessing nutritious food because of high food prices and lack of access to cars. Reliance on public transportation in order to get to grocery stores or to work puts black women at greater risk of contracting the virus through community spread and then passing it on to family members. And finally, since the pandemic began, a number of recent surveys provide a snapshot of the impact of the coronavirus on black women's economic and emotional well-being.  Over half of black women in the survey that is 54% said that they had lost their jobs to layoffs or had their work hours or pay reduced as a result compared to 44% of black men, 31% of white women, and 27% of white men. Asked how long they could survive if they lost their income, 34% of black women said less than one month compared to 28% of black men, 25% of white women, and 11% of white men. Black women with children in the survey also reported having heavier workloads based on the number of unpaid work hours involving household work, child care, and elder care compared to white women.  In addition to their unpaid workloads, black women in the survey were much more likely than white women were to have to report to work as essential workers, 51% of black women compared to 38% of white women. Essence magazine conducted a study of black women in late April and released their findings last week. One out of every four black women in the survey reported that they knew someone who had died from the coronavirus, and nearly half, 44% knew someone who had contracted the virus. COVID-19 is placing a very heavy emotional toll on black women, with 64% reporting that it has affected their emotional well-being, and 43 saying that it has affected their physical health. A recent analysis by Ida Wingfield discussed the disproportionate impact of the virus on black health care providers, who are just 5% of physicians and 10% of nurses, although, again, black Americans are 13% of the population. Black health care providers often work in underserved communities in facilities that are underfunded out of a desire to help these vulnerable communities. But these are the communities that have been hardest hit by the virus, and so Wingfield says that repeated exposure to COVID patients puts our tiny population of black health care providers at great emotional and physical risk. Part of the stresses that black health care providers face is in dealing with racial stereotypes and biases about black patients from medical colleagues. That, of course, reinforces what we know about the biases black people encounter in seeking medical testing and treatment. The additional concern is that as the coronavirus advances, that black patients will be placed low on the queue for ventilators due to underlying health conditions such as diabetes and asthma that are, again, outcomes of environmental racism. I'm going to read a quote from Professor Wingfield's analysis because it expresses so well the burden placed on black women in the US at every turn. Quote, describing the downside of being a black woman doctor in a public facility that served mostly low income patients of color, a surgeon named Jenna told me, funding gets cut. We don't have the things we need, but administrators know we'll still come in and work to get our patients what they need. It makes me feel exploited. It makes me feel like Mammy, honestly, because we empathize.  But that's not rewarded in the structure of how medicine works. So we just keep on working and working with less and less.  In March, Leilani Jordan, a 27-year-old African-American woman with cerebral palsy, contracted coronavirus from her job as a greeter at a grocery store in Maryland. Her death brought national attention to the health risk faced by grocery store workers who were not then receiving personal protective gear from management. Ms. Jordan told her mother that she wanted to work at the store despite the risk in order to help people. Her final paycheck was just $20. Given black women's history at the intersection of patriarchy and structural racism, it is not surprising that black women are disproportionately represented among essential workers in low-wage industries. In fact, when we take a long view of our history, what we see is that black women have always been the essential women workers performing both paid and unpaid devalued work so vital to the functioning of the economy. Yet most of what has been written about the care work of women in the context of COVID-19 has focused on the unequal care work married women are shouldering at home relative to men during the pandemic, while very little has been written about black women's struggles to combine care with jobs as essential workers. In other words, this illustrates the ongoing tendency to view white women through the prism of motherhood and black women through the prism of worker. And so I'm going to end there and just in terms of policies that I would recommend as with most progressives, I recommend a variety of universal policies. Universal policies, I think, are more feasible politically in the United States. They tend to have less opposition. And so of course, we need universal provision of health care through a single payer system. We need federal job guarantees. We need paid family and sick leave for all employees. Universal government subsidized child care and elder care. We, of course, need to have a functioning safety net with increased benefits and the removal of work and time stipulations. And I think that for African Americans in particular, we certainly need reparations. And we also need to have a return to affirmative action policies in both employment in the private sector and public sector, as well as in the educational realm. So I think I'll stop there. Thank you very much, Nina. That was very eye-opening. And some of those figures are really sobering to find out about the experience of black women throughout this pandemic. And I think we have a few questions in the chat. And people don't be hesitant to keep asking questions if you need. So, yeah, at the end, you were talking about some of those policy recommendations. And I just wanted to know if you could expand on some of them, for example, reparations. How would that work to support black women, especially? How would that need to be implemented? Well, you know, I would refer everybody to the work of Sandy Darity on the issue of reparations. He and Kristen Mullen just published a book from Here to Equality, which outlines their vision of affirmative action reparations in the United States, right? And so it gives us a long comprehensive view going back to slavery. I have not yet read it, but of course, I'm familiar with his work. And so, of course, there needs to be a study by experts on, you know, in terms of who would benefit, it would be African-Americans, people who are the descendants of people who were enslaved in the United States. I, you know, I support that. There's some disagreement among people over that, but I certainly think that the disparities are owed to people who are the descendants of people who were enslaved in the United States and who created the basis for wealth in the economy and then continued to experience the effects of disinvestment in their communities and structural racism for centuries up until the present. And so there's a panel or panels that would study the issue and then determine the amount and how that would be distributed. Right, and so one of the key issues, of course, is to make sure that the money, right, and so reparations could take a variety of forms, cash payments as well as in-kind payments. But the tricky issue, of course, is to make sure that the assets remain within the African-American community. You know, and so in terms of your question, how would that help African-American women in particular? I mean, it would certainly help to close this tremendous racial wealth gap. And wealth, as we know, is really important in helping to cushion the blow of an economic downturn. It would also enable African-American women to have ongoing income. So I think that those are, and certainly the ability, you know, part of it might involve home ownership or money that is targeted towards higher education. I mean, African-Americans carry more student loan debt burden than other populations in the United States, right? So there are many, many, many benefits of a reparations policy for African-Americans. And it is a debt that is owed and that is long overdue. Yeah, I agree with you on several of those counts. And I think some of the policies you were mentioning will have long-term effects, like in terms of accumulating wealth and so on. But someone asked a question about what do you think are the most important short-term policies that could be put in place to support Black women compared to the long-term effects policy which you kind of touched upon. Okay, so if we're looking at Black women who are the essential workers, I mean, hazard pay, and I think that hazard pay that's ongoing, if we're looking at short-term, right, instead of programs that revamp the structure of work and the pay system over a longer period of time, in the immediate crisis, hazard pay would certainly be beneficial and beneficial. You know, I've been thinking about this issue of food insecurity, I think, since March or late February, and been very concerned about food insecurity for Black communities in the United States, other low-end communities as well. But I've been thinking about it in terms of Black women and elderly people in particular. So I keep thinking that if we had a government that was well-functioning, one of the things that our government would do would be to, and this has to happen really at the national level and it needs to be coordinated with state and local communities, but we need to have the national government purchase the food that is going to waste, and I know that, you know, it looks that Donald Trump has signaled that the USDA, United States Department of Agriculture would be purchasing some of the food that farmers are destroying because they aren't able to sell it to restaurants and all of these businesses that have shut down. But that, I think, has been more politicized, that Donald Trump understands that farmers are part of his base. But what we need is a massive effort to purchase food and then to have it distributed throughout the country to areas where there is a great need, and there's a great need in rural areas as well as urban areas, and I, you know, the National Guard, for example, could be called out to help distribute that food. So for me, that's one of the immediate issues is food insecurity because it raises all kinds of issues in terms of social distancing. How do you social distance? If you've got to leave your house to get food, that's a big issue. If you don't have access to nutritious food, it makes it more difficult to be able to withstand the coronavirus. So for me, there's the issue of hazard pay as well as food insecurity. Those, I think, are some of the pressing issues that women face. Childcare, of course, is an issue and I know that there have been efforts to provide childcare for essential workers. The question that I have about that is affordability. There have been subsidies that have been provided. Are they going to be ongoing? Where are the locations of the centers? Again, how do low-income black women get to those daycare centers? There are lots of these kinds of immediate concerns that black women have. I think that if we had coordination from the national level to the state and the local level, that would really help to alleviate many of the oppressive conditions that African-American women are facing. Those are very important steps and I think with the fiscal stimulus as well, it could have been more targeted in terms of food security is affected by your income, essentially. That has been a disaster, in my opinion. The fiscal stimulus, the one-time payment, I understand that Nancy Pelosi and some Democrats are attempting to have another round, a larger payment, I think $6,000, but $1,200 and $500 for children who are 16 and younger is just not sufficient. No, it's okay. We didn't last very long. Just on some other questions that people have posed, and I just want to say to everyone who's watching, if you look at the chat, Rhonda Sharp is posting really good links referring to what Nina's been talking about, so please check that out and thank you very much Rhonda. Earlier you were talking about the marriage statistics and how it's much worse for black women after they get married compared to white women, and someone wanted to know, is there any data on different kind of combinations, like interracial marriages or lesbian couples? Is there any data about how it affects them? How it's affecting them, how that affects their income and earnings in their life outcomes? So, you know, interracial marriages are increasing in the United States. I think that they are now about one out of every 10 marriages in the United States. White Americans and black Americans are both the least likely to engage in interracial marriages.  For interracial marriages that involve blacks in the United States, the majority are of black men and other women who are not black. I think about one-third of interracial marriages that involve blacks in the United States are black women marrying someone from another racial group, racial or ethnic group. So there's not a lot. I don't have data on the top of my head over same-sex marriages, which are, you know, in terms of the ability to marry now, we have more data and so, you know, we would say that there's an increase, but there's always been, there've always been same-sex relationships. They also have a tendency to be, I think, more interracial compared to different-sex couples. I guess to go back to the other couple, the other issue in terms of marriage is that marriage to a white male certainly improves women's economic status.   Yeah. And just onto kind of this separation between the different sides of the American society. You were talking about the environment in which black people live and how that affects their health. And I think there's been a difference in response between the rural Americans to the lockdowns and so on. And so could you just talk a little bit about how kind of race is involved in that difference between blacks in mostly urban environments and maybe perhaps whites in mostly rural environments and their reaction to the pandemic? Okay. Because I think that there's a lot involved in that question and I haven't really given it a lot of thought, but some things that come to mind are that living in a densely populated urban area and having to rely on public transportation certainly increases the risk of community spread, right? So there are all these factors that are tied to living in a densely populated urban area, racially segregated. Those are some of the reasons why we see higher COVID infection and death rates for African-American and I think also Latinx communities in the United States. But there have also been high death rates for African-Americans who live in rural communities. And so there are some cases that are based on contact tracing where we know that there were family gatherings and that large communities, rural communities that have African-Americans have also been decimated as a result of COVID-19. So there are lots of African-Americans who live in rural communities who are also disproportionately affected by the virus.  And so I think that as our country is now starting to open up again prematurely that the COVID infection and death rates are going to start to escalate in these small towns and rural communities where white people disproportionately live. Yeah, and I think as you said with black people and black women in these essential jobs it will tend to, the premature opening up and turn around and affect them even more with great magnitude. It will, right? And I think that that's part of the narrative as well is that white people thinking that this is somehow a black person's problem primarily have been taking to the streets, armed militia calling for the United States to open up prematurely. And you're absolutely right. It ends up putting the essential workers at greater risk. Yeah, and I think it's an interesting, because you've talked a lot about the history of America and how it's caused this kind of difference in impact. And I just wanted to know if you could talk about the rest of the world. I don't know if you know too much about it, but in the UK we had a study that said black people are four times more likely to die than whites due to COVID. So if you could talk about maybe general reasons across the world, why just maybe a pattern? And I've just read very little about the situation of blacks in the UK and that the rates are four times greater. And so I guess I have a few thoughts on that. One is that there are some overlaps with the African American situation in terms of jobs that place people at disproportionate risk. For some communities perhaps there's also the issue of residential segregation that is tied in, discrimination against black people in the healthcare system, access to healthcare within one's community. What was really striking when I looked at the data for the UK by race is that it was broken down by region of origin, which I thought was very unusual and I couldn't understand why blacks in the UK who they were listed as people who I think originated from African countries versus those from the Caribbean from Caribbean countries. And so the question I had is, were they looking at immigrants only? And if not, and I suspect that they weren't, why the tendency to group black populations in the UK based on region of origin? And so I guess it suggests that black people, it's a good indication that black people in the UK are viewed as outsiders. Yeah, this is very interesting. I saw a discussion recently about how black British people feel about themselves and the overwhelming consensus was we don't feel, if we ever go back to our parents' land, we feel like we're British but then in Britain we don't feel quite British. There is definitely that perception which many black British people feel, so that's really a studio observation. And so someone's asked a question which kind of it slightly relates, it's talking about that some journalists have cited that the reason why this black people are more risk, aside from all the stuff you said, is because there's a difference in culture between blacks and whites. And so what do you think cultural differences or what factors do you think that plays in the whole context? I don't know what those cultural differences would be. I think that there is this ongoing tendency to invoke stereotypes when it comes to explanations. And so there are always ideological supports that justify structural inequities and structural racism. And in the United States, this dominant narrative is always one of individual responsibility. So there's always the tendency to somehow blame black people for worse outcomes. And so we certainly see that with COVID-19. And so an example would be the health disparities higher in terms of diabetes or obesity or even asthma. African-Americans are often blamed for this. And we got this certainly from the surgeon general of the United States who is African-American who talked about the need for African-Americans to really get it together in terms of our eating habits. So cultural differences are not the problem. This is not a problem of behavior, of individual behavior or group behavior. Black dysfunction, the argument of black dysfunction is what is always pulled out as a way of justifying and explaining away profound disparities that are tied to systemic racism and patriarchy. Yeah. And I think there needs to be kind of overall challenges. We need to address kind of these overall structural differences, which is what you've been talking about. And just to kind of wrap it up back to the health of COVID-19 and how to address the health crisis, you mentioned in your talk that there are inequalities because of black people's co-mobilities that there might be refuse ventilators. And we know as well that there's higher child birth mortality rates for black women in America. So do you have any ideas of how we could address or challenge the biases that lead to different health outcomes? And are you talking about in the case of the ventilators? So kind of starting off with COVID-19 in general as well, because there is that bias in general outside of COVID-19. OK. So I think that we certainly need to have more black health care providers in the United States. That's not going to solve the problem. But that's one part of the problem is that we need to have health care providers who are culturally competent and knowledgeable. And this goes back to my recommendation for affirmative action programs. And that doesn't mean that we let non-black health care providers off the hook. They also need to be held accountable to their racial biases, presented with the racial biases and held accountable for those racial biases. We certainly need to have black communities need to have greater access to health care facilities to primary health care providers. And those are some of the things that come to my mind in terms of the health care system in the United States. Access to health insurance is fundamental to this, of course. And then that goes back to the need to have universal access to health care, health insurance in the United States through a single payer system. We have a health care system that has always been tied to people having access to good jobs. In order to have decent health care insurance, you have to have access to a decent job in the United States. That's typically been the case. And so we need to have a system that provides health insurance for all people in the country, including people who are unauthorized immigrants. That's a whole other area that I didn't get into, because I'm looking specifically at African-Americans. But there are tremendous disparities affecting Latinx communities, and most definitely native communities in the United States as well. They're also grappling with the effects of structural racism and high infection and death rates as a result of those effects. And Asian-American communities, too, are dealing with effects from an increase in physical violence and verbal violence and loss of businesses. It's also having a devastating impact on Asian-American communities. Yeah, there is really a lot to address. But unfortunately, that's kind of all we have time for. So I don't know if you want to make any concluding remarks. Just kind of sum up everything that you said and kind of what we need to look out for moving forward. I guess what I would say is that COVID-19 has put a spotlight on the glaring inequities of race in the United States, as well as the contradictions of the value that we place on particular jobs. And I wish that I could be optimistic that government action will be taken to address the systemic inequities that have worsened health and economic outcomes for black Americans. But I suspect that this crisis will deepen racial disparities for generations to come. And I wish that I could end on an optimistic note, but I'm not optimistic about this. Well, that's a sobering truth that we kind of all just have to kind of accept so we can try to find different ways out. But thank you very, very much, Nia. That was really enlightening and a really good discussion that was necessary to have. And thank you everyone for joining us. Thank you, Justin, for moderating for doing such a fantastic job moderating this discussion. Thank you very much. Thank you everyone for joining us. I really hope you join us on the next webinar on this series, which is going to be on COVID-19 and the economics of housing. And the speakers are going to be Josh Ryan Collins from UCL and Rachel White from London Rental Union. So please join us. That will be on the 20th around the same time as well. So thank you very much. And I hope you guys stay well in the lockdown. Thank you very much, Nia. Thank you, Justin. You take care.


The Articles, A, N, and the A, N, or the Practice and revise using articles with this useful poster Understanding Grammar, A, N, and the A or N First time, there is a fly in my soup One or any, I need a pencil Some quantities, a couple, a few, a handful, etc. Jobs, I'm a teacher Exclamation singular, what a beautiful day The Second time, what is the fly doing in my soup? Only one, the moon, the queen, the president Rivers and seas, the Severn is the longest river in the UK Superlatives, football is the best sport in the world Inventions, the computer has revolutionized the way we work No article Exclamations plural, what beautiful children you have Meals, breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper Special places, school, college, university, hospital, prison, church Proper nouns, people, countries, cities Generalizations, cats are better than dogs Thanks so much for watching We are ITTT, the leading provider for TEFL and TESOL training courses If you like this video, please subscribe by clicking that button down here And click on any of the videos here on the left For more interesting teaching tips for getting certified to teach English abroad and online


Let's make our kids some healthy snacks. Gummy bears are one of kids' favorite snacks and some adults too, like myself and probably you, especially when it's loaded with nutrition. So typically, gummy bears, when you buy them at the store, are just loaded with artificial colors and flavors and artificial sweeteners and whatnot, okay? And a boatload of sugar. But what I'm gonna be doing today is making these in as healthy as possible. The first way, we're gonna be using fresh fruit. Specifically, I'm using frozen blueberries and you know those are loaded with antioxidants and you're getting all that nutrition in this little treat. All we're gonna be adding to these are honey and some grass-fed gelatin, which provides us with a lot of protein in it per snack and gelatin is really good for your bones and your joints and your skin. The second way we're gonna be making these is with real fruit juice, 100%. And again, we're just gonna add those other two ingredients and it's very simple and these look more traditional because the gummy bear itself will look more clear, kind of like a traditional one, right? But whereas the other one has is more cloudy, I'll call it cloudy, or less transparent. These are both simple and easy to make. It's very fast and you're gonna love them. I'm Rockin' Robin and I'm gonna show you how to do it right after my chef joke. What did the panda pack in her suitcase? The bear necessities. Okay, we're gonna start off by making our whole fruit gummy first and I'm gonna use two cups here of frozen blueberries. Now we need to defrost these so that we can mix them in the blender. So I'm gonna place this in the microwave and I defrosted them on the defrost mode. Once these are defrosted, you'll notice there's quite a bit of liquid and we're gonna pour that into our blender. I'll pop a lid on this and then we'll blend away until it's completely liquefied. I'll pour this into a saucepan and it should be a good two cups of berries. We'll add some honey and we're gonna add about a tablespoon to start but you're probably gonna use two tablespoons worth. It just depends on how sweet your berries are. Turn your heat on to low and give that a nice stir just to get everything mixed in. Now while that's warming up, we're going to use a thickener which is our beef gelatin here and no, this does not make our gummy bears taste like beef. Just in case you were wondering and don't forget, you can get the written recipe below the video in the description area. Next we're gonna add just enough water to get this nice and moist so you can mix it all up.  Then let this sit for two minutes to bloom. Then we're gonna pop this in the microwave so that it liquefies and we're gonna put it on high heat for 10 second increments and this is what the consistency should look like. I'll pour this into the nice hot berries. Give it a good stir until it's all combined. Hey, if you're enjoying this video, let me know by smashing the like button. To make professional looking gummy bears, you're gonna wanna buy yourself a mold like I have here. These worked really great for me and I'll leave a link for you in the description of this video if you wanna pick some up. These molds are very flexible. They're very bendable so if you were to fill it with your gummy mixture, you might spill. So I recommend placing them on. I have a cutting board here, a small one that I can use to just place it on and then I can easily carry it to the refrigerator or the freezer without spilling. You can also use a large baking pan here like I have here and you can get two on there. My molds, I got three of them, came with these little eyedroppers. I got three of these as well and it works great for putting it into the little mold or you can use a teaspoon would work too. When you fill these up, ideally you wanna bring the liquid level all the way up to the top and if you don't have a gummy bear mold, fear not. You can still make these by using an ice cube tray. Now granted, they will be rather big and chunky but they're still tasty.  I used coconut oil. The only disadvantage to this is when it's refrigerated, it tends to solidify and you can see the coconut on the outside of the gummy. So use some kind of oil to help you get these out of the ice cube tray. Back to filling up the tray, I found that just using a spoon and dropping it in work best. Once you fill all your molds, then go ahead and place them either in the refrigerator or the freezer. Now if you do the refrigerator, leave them in there for about 20 minutes and they should firm up and in the freezer you only need about 10 minutes. Otherwise they will freeze. After 20 minutes, these are firm enough to remove from the mold so they just pop right out.  To remove the gummies from the ice cube tray, just run your knife around the edge and then stick it in there and lift it right up. It should come out because of the coconut oil. These should keep in the refrigerator for a week to 10 days. The gummy bears are chilling in the fridge so it must be time for Chef Jack number two. Why did the panda quit his job? Because he was getting bare minimum wage. Now to make this with fruit juice, you wanna use 100% fruit juice with this and you can use any flavor. You can change it up, different colors, whatever you like. We'll add the honey just like the other recipe and then place this on the stove and heat it up. Remember you can get the written recipe below the video in the description. I'll add the water to the gelatin just like we did before, stir it up, let it sit for two minutes to bloom and then it goes in the microwave on high for 10 second increments. Pour this slowly into the juice and stir it up. And then we'll fill the molds with the dropper like we did before. Place these in the fridge for 20 minutes and then we'll just remove them from the molds and here are our beautiful little gummy bears. These are adorable and you'll feel good about feeding these to your kids. If you're looking for more healthy kid snacks, you might wanna try my peanut butter and banana graham cracker snacks. My kids loved these when they were little. Click the link on the screen, it'll take you right to the recipe and you can try it out. I hope you enjoyed today's gummy bear recipe. If you did, let me know by smashing the like button. If you know someone who's trying to eat healthier, share the video with them, I'm sure they'll appreciate it. All right, we'll see you back here next week for another rockin' recipe.


The 14th of February 2022 you can see on this place right here on Y in the morning it is all about Valentine's. Happy Valentine's to you from wherever you are watching us from. This is Y in the morning. We are coming to you live from the Kenya Broadcasting Corporation here in Nairobi Kenya.  Where are you going to celebrate your Valentine's? How are you going to spend it with who? And what do you remember Valentine's for? If at all you're going to be alone today we want to celebrate with you right here on Y in the morning. My name is Ramaguko. It's a pleasure being with you each and every Monday. Remember today we have a lot in store for you in our conversations. We have youth and politics coming up in a bit. We shall be talking about matters concerning youth and politics. What has been taking center stage in the past weekend? And of course we are also going to be focusing on Gladys Wanga who has just declared her gubernatorial candidature. She's going to buy to succeed the former governor or the one who shall leave office that is governor Sipran. And of course today we shall be having that particular conversation with political leaders coming your way. I shall be joined by that none other than Duaty David who shall be coming up in a bit. Duaty David is the national chairperson for youth nation Kenya. And also I shall be with Charles Stubb who is the chairman of the Bungalow Zalendo. So we shall be having that particular conversation coming up in a bit. Also in store for you today is a conversation on mentorship and of course your career. Today I shall be joined by none other than George Austin Omania who is a lecturer and a counselor. Let's talk about how to manage stressors. Managing stressors. What is that all about? Stick around for that. And of course later on Guda Bradley Sankarakaisu shall be joining us today as we shall be talking about the Valentine's mood that is right here in studio. It's all about the love and the red roses and the and the and the nice smell and the nice perfume that people are going to put on today. Somebody's going to get it well today. And of course we shall be talking about good love today right here on why in the morning Sankarakaisu will be talking about you know we'll be talking to some guests concerning their love and of course finding out what they why they're celebrating Valentine's, what plans they've got and their story in regards to how Valentine's has been for them. And how has Valentine's been for you? Tell us what plans do you have for yourself this Valentine's Day. The hashtag is why in the morning tag me at Ramaguko at Sankarakaisu is where you can find also my colleague who shall be coming up in a bit at Y254 channel is the handle the official station handle. Keep talking to us, keep tweeting the hashtag is why in the morning. Get over to Facebook there on our Facebook page that is at Y254. We have posted we've made a post there so ensure that you drop your comment on the comment section on that particular Facebook page. Let us know where you're watching us from and of course we shall sample your feedback towards you know as we continue with this morning conversation all towards the tail end of this show. Happy Valentine's once again I hope that God has given you a fantastic day today and of course with the Valentine's mood we without further ado just wanted to take a short break with some good music some nice fantastic Valentine's mood music it's all about red roses and if at all you have somebody that you care for I would like to advise you buy them a rose keep it in the morning


So we're here at TI here at CS 2019 and who are you? Hi, I'm Frank Moisey and I manage the DLP Pico business here at Texas Instruments. And so we're really excited to share with you some of what we think are the coolest products here at CES. If you're not familiar with DLP and you've seen a movie, then you've likely experienced DLP. So all the images that you see at the movie theater are created by DLP technology and we've taken that technology and we shrunk it down to chips that are about this size. So at this size you can do 4K? Yes, this is about the size of our 4K chip. And so we want to share with you first a little bit about the DLP portfolio of 4K and then share with you some of the cool products that are enabled by our technology. So these are the chips you have on the market for the 4K market? Right, so starting here on the left, this device gets you to the brightest 4K images in the world. This is more than 4K. This is more than 4,000 lumens. Here in the middle, these chips will get you above 1,500 lumens. And then here on this side, what we're going to talk mostly about is really getting you to the most compact 4K solutions with the most affordable price points. So this is a 0.66, right? And this is 0.47? That's correct. And that 0.66 and that 0.47 is really the diagonal of the device in inches. So it gives you an idea of the differences in sizes, 0.66 inches here and 0.47 inches there on the right. And you have a technology that just puts all of the 4K pixels on the screen? Right, you're actually seeing 8.3 million pixels on the screen and you're seeing it come from really cool form factors. This is a new product category that's enabled by DLP technology. It's called Screenless TV. This is a company called Jimgo. They're shipping today in China. They will be shipping in the US later this year. But there are a number of different companies coming out with products. So this is potentially an affordable ultra short throw 4K? That's correct. And the ultra short throw technology allows you to place this unit pretty close to the imaging surface.  It can get, depending upon your ambient light conditions, you can get to various screen sizes. So you'll see products from Hisense, from LG, from Xiaomi, from X-Jimmy. And you'll see at least 10 additional companies come to market in 2019. And then you'll see even more companies introduce products in the 2020 timeframe. I'm really excited to see more affordable 4K DLP projectors. I think it's maybe one of the most important things happening at CES. Yeah, we're excited by it too. And we're gonna share with you some other cool demos here. The next product we're gonna share with you actually gets to the smallest 4K in the world. Nice, and this one also has a nice speaker built in. It's possible to see it a little bit in action. Yeah, this has audio built in. So. And coming to the US, coming to everywhere, right? For sale in China. Right, this is for sale in China right now. It's coming to the US mid 2019. Nice. This is just so awesome. And how's the experience of when you, you know, people can use this for the home theater is just perfect watching all the TV and just put it on the wall. Right, I think most of the applications will be down in the consumer electronic space. But this also could be used in an enterprise base to show a business presentation as well. So it's really quite flexible in terms of the number of different applications that it can be used in. And so the unit we just shared with you was enabled by DLP 4K, but also uses laser, phosphor, illumination technology. This product here from Optima is the smallest 4K in the world. This uses LED illumination technology and kind of demonstrates the range of flexibility of different types of illumination that you can use with DLP technology. What we're really excited about with this product is if you look at the design of it, there's a lot of this bottom portion of the product is audio. So we also believe you'll see smaller products and smaller 4K products as we go through 2019 from a number of different companies. Because some people like to experience audio from speakers that are elsewhere in the room, right? It doesn't necessarily have to be in the projector. That's exactly right. There's a lot of flexibility in terms of how you can implement an experience. Optima has chosen to give you a singular unit to have that experience, but you certainly can have speakers that are a satellite to the unit. So this is very exciting. It means 2019 will be more and more compact 4K projectors, right? That's correct. You'll see more and more smaller form factors, more compelling designs as we go through the year and you'll still get to really bright, awesome, compelling pictures. So let's share the experience of this product with you. Yeah. So with the sound. The thing is that when you look at the image, it really looks like a three-dimensional image, right? Great contrast ratio. Great vibrant colors. Just put it there, place it on the wall. For example, if you're a gamer, okay, you could easily transport this to any room. It's very, very portable. You can take it anywhere, have a gaming experience. If you want to watch a movie, you can do that. But what's great about it is that it's very, very portable. So you can have it in multiple different environments. You can even put it in your bag and put it on the plane in the carry-on area. You can carry 4K with you everywhere you go. And here's a very cool-looking product. What is this? Yeah, this is a new product from a company called Puppy. It's called the Puppy Cube. And this really integrates interactivity with DLP technology. We shared with you before the kind of 4K device. This product is actually using a device in this class. It's about that small. What is the resolution? This is HD resolution. And it uses basically a laser curtain, which is an infrared energy, and two IR cameras to do the touch, so it's very, very highly accurate touch. So let me take you through a couple of things right here. You can consider this your workspace or kind of your playground. So we're first going to go to more of a play or entertainment type application. Go to a virtual keyboard here. And so you can see, you can do a number of things like this, but what's also interesting is if you do 10, you can do 10 point touch. So it's multi-touch touch system. That's correct. So anything that you can do multiple polyphonic sounds. It works on any table. It's not a special table, just a white table. Any table surface, you can actually even flip the product over and project onto a wall, so any surface can become a display. It's better with a white table, right? But it doesn't really have to be white, but it's better with white. That's correct. The more neutral the color, the better the experience will be, but it'll probably work with darker surfaces as well. And so any Android app, just so any Android app. So if you look at going back to, let me take you back here to. Okay, so I'll take you back here and you can see there's a number of apps on here. There's gaming apps, a weather apps, but I'm also going to take you to some of the conventional apps that you might use in a virtual tablet type of world. So this is Microsoft Word, and so we can pull up a keyboard here and we can actually type in, like we're just working on a tablet, but in a virtual space, much larger than a tablet. And then we can actually go also and surf things on the web. Right now we're on ti.com and we're talking about a lot of the products here, so that's why we're sharing this website with you. But let's say you wanted to learn more about the chip sets here, you can actually just click on display and projection. That'll take you into the chip sets, into a lot of the reference designs, so that you can actually get started, actually build your own DLP based products. This is an awesome use of Pico, right? To go down on the table with touch. It's great because the whole beauty of Pico is that it's really small form factors and it gets you to display images anywhere, anytime on any surface. And so this allows that and facilitates its first example of this that we're sharing with you, but you're gonna see a number of new products happen with interactive capabilities like this and it's very, very exciting, I think, for everyone. And here's another interactive touch projector right here. Yes, this is a new product from Bosch. It's essentially a kitchen appliance. It's intended to go underneath and mount underneath your cabinets and really create an amazing kitchen and cooking type of experience. So we're gonna start here with just this first menu, which shows date and time and weather and things like that, but you can scroll this over and you can say, okay, I wanna basically cut this hot chickpea soup. And so we wanna get more information around that. We can scroll up here, get more information. This is just an Android computer basically. Scroll up here and now we can get more information about this recipe, more information about what it is, what the ingredients are, and then we can, and then we can actually go get the recipe for. So by hitting the start cooking area right here, now we can go ahead and use this recipe to cook. So let me take you through a couple of other interesting things that this is capable of doing. You can actually come here and then control other appliances in your kitchen. And then finally there's some applications here. So for example, if you cook a pie and you wanna slice up that pie and you wanna basically slice it up into and choose what you want.  And now you can basically use that as a legend. Put your pie on top and scale this to the pie size and then be able to use this as a tool to be able to evenly cut the slices. In the Bosch booth, they're actually showing a steak and then this will actually determine the volume of the steak and that actually allow you to figure out, okay, what's the best way to go cook that steak? And so it'll provide that whole ingredient list for you. So you can analyze the size and estimate how much is there. That's correct and so this is just, we showed you the prior interactive demo. This one from Bosch and this is just the first of many products that will use interactivity to enhance our lives. That's awesome. So what do you have here? Okay, so this is a great new product category. You may be familiar with virtual assistants or smart speakers. What this company, UMACS has done is basically they've added on-demand display to the smart speaker. So now a new category called smart display has emerged. And you can basically talk to this like you would talk to a virtual assistant. So for example, we'll ask it the weather. Hey Google, can you show the weather in Las Vegas today? So you're gonna see some delays here on the Wi-Fi. That's in the system. It'll be clear, with a forecasted high of 63 and a low of 39 degrees Fahrenheit. And you can position this anywhere in your wall or something. Right now, it's 57 and clear. Yeah, you can position this anywhere in a house and if you want to try a video, for example, you can say, hey, hey Google, play the Texas Instruments video on YouTube. So the sound that we were hearing is like atmospheric sound. Yeah, there's- All right, here's the Texas Instruments on YouTube. All right. It's just playing a YouTube video. So we'll let this video come up, but yeah, there's a number of ambient backgrounds. Hi everybody, welcome to CS 2019. We are going to showcase and- So you can see a number of different applications in here.  So all of that is possible here, but we think this is a great new product in 2019. You're gonna see a number of different manufacturers come to market with products this year and then into 2020 as well. So really excited about it. And this is an HD resolution? This is HD resolution, right? And it can be really any resolution because DLP enables anything from sub HD all the way up to 4K. And so all of those resolutions are possible in a product like this moving forward. In fact, we are, and what you see here is a pretty small form factor, but we do expect that to actually get even smaller over time. And the beauty of this is that the image is scalable, so it can actually be scaled to the ambient environment that you're in. And that's something that's very unique because you're getting a really, relatively big picture experience from a really small form factor product. So it's kind of like an information display. It's not so much for watching movies, but it could be, but it's... No, you could absolutely watch movies on this. You could use it as an information display. You could watch movies. Really, if you want to bring up the scores of the game, whatever you want to do, you can do with this product. So it's really unlimited. Hey, Hikari? Hi. Konnichiwa. So what is this? This is a new product from a company called Gatebox. It's a company out of Japan. And we showed you the smart speaker before. We showed you how they're adding displays to it. This takes that to kind of the next level. It's really a personal assistant. And so you can talk to this humanoid and you can actually tell them, for example, I have an appointment tomorrow. I've got an appointment meeting and she will send you a reminder of that meeting. And then she might even send you a text to say, how did that meeting go? So it just really takes the smart speaker area to the next level. It's like she's floating all the time. She's in a room and she's ready to help. That's correct. They're using DLP technology. It's bouncing off a mirror and then onto a combiner. And then through this optical system, it looks like a 3D image floating in space. You can see her from behind, from the front, everywhere. That's correct. That's really awesome. So this is now in Japan. And so we'll see where this goes. Hey, so thank you, Nicholas. Thank you for taking the time to come see us here in the DLP booth at Texas Instruments. So we shared with you some 4K products. We're going to see a lot more 4K. We shared with you some of the smart speakers, smart display now, a new product category that's going to be taking off in 2019. And then we also shared with you some of these interactive displays. And so it allows us to display on any surface, any time, and get to interactive solutions. And so we're excited to see where the future is going to be, but you're seeing a glimpse of it now. And we'll look forward to seeing you again next year at CES.