I want to try that.  Look at this. Ah, come on. A lot of people think Chinese breakfast is just dim sum, but that's actually a brunch food. It goes much deeper than that. We try eight different distinct styles of morning foods from Taiwan, Hong Kong, Guang Zhou, Chinese from Vietnam, Tianjin, Lan Zhou and Wuhan. We even discuss some slight regional nuances despite some of the food looking similar. And yes, all these spots open at 7 a.m., so you know we had to get up early to do it. Let's go. Starting off, this amazing Chinese breakfast food journey, we are about to embark on, Andrew. We got all the top items from Four Seas, which is a Taiwanese breakfast spot. I'm looking at the Shaolong Bao. That was the first thing. Let's go for it. In Taiwan, they have a breakfast version, and then they have a dinner version. A dinner version is more like din tai feng. It's way more juicy. This Andrew is actually dipped in white vinegar. And I often see the breakfast ones are done that way. They don't really care if that skin's tearing apart because there's not that much soup to begin with. Clear vinegar or black vinegar for dumplings, I'm good with. Moving on, basically we got to either go with the phan toans or the dam bings. I'll tell you this, this is actually one of my favorite Taiwanese breakfast items. It has the yo-tow, a.k.a. the fried donut. It has the pork sung. It has preserved vegetables wrapped around sticky rice. This would basically be your Taiwanese breakfast burrito ultimate version. Throw it all in there. That is one of the best phan toans I've had in a long time. I might have to give this one a 5 out of 5. Andrew, we have arrived at the eggy dan section, dan meaning egg. Some people like the regular dan bing. Some people like it with a yo-tow, a fried donut in the middle. They got that egg so perfect. A little bit of salt in there really draws out the flavors more. Andrew, we are looking at Tung yo bings, a.k.a. screen scallion pancakes with egg. I would say you don't need the scallion pancake to have an egg. It doesn't need the egg, but it's cool with it. For me, I thought the egg almost like maybe dampen the flavor a little bit. Almost act as a suppressor. We got to move on, Andrew. Real quick, jiltai hud. This is the green chives egg pocket. You've got fried eggs in there. You've got some fun clear noodle. You've obviously got the leek. The leek pancake. It's not as tasty as a lot of like the Shandong style ones, but it tastes cleaner. Andrew, this is the lobo gal a.k.a. lopako, a.k.a. radish cake with egg. That was a sleeper for me. I didn't think that was going to be that good. No, that was good. Next up, we've got the Shaobing jianurou. I'm enjoying that. It's good. In a way, all you really need is the pick and roll combo right here. All right, you guys, we are zooming through our Taiwanese breakfast crawl. Andrew, we've got the zongzi. You've got to get some of this egg yolk, too, right here. I would recommend breaking up that yolk and getting little bits of it in each bite instead of eating the yolk as whole. $5. Okay. That tastes like a $5 zongzi. But it is just true. The zongzi are not going to be $5. Because there's a lady in New York's Chinatown, Grant and Christie, right outside the subway station who sells her zongzi for $1. And what does she sound like? Yi zong, Yi kwa. And she just does that, like, for three hours straight. Shout out to the zongzi lady. Andrew, the pork and veggie bun, the roubao. You know how I can tell that this is going to be quality is by how much juice was soaked up by the bun. And now the bun is starting to fall apart, but that's a good sign in a way. All right, Andrew, which one are you picking? I'm going to let you pick up these two final pastries. I am going to go with the red bean. That's good because I wanted the black sesame. I know that. Egg yolk pastries. Mmm. This one was good. I'm enjoying this. I think I need to try it. That's good, huh? The black sesame with the egg yolk is good. You like the red bean one better? No. My goodness, we just ran through round one here at Four Seas. The reason why we did it is because it kind of takes a lot of the popular breakfast items from around China and they serve it in Taiwan. Overall, I give Four Seas actually a 4.5. Wow. So they should name themselves 4.5 Seas. All you Taiwanese people out there, you let me know in the comments down below if you still like to dip your food in soybean milk. Next up on our breakfast crawl, we've got the Taiwanese bakery versus the Cantonese Hong Kong bakery. We got to go head up, Andrew. I see the turns I bow. Okay, okay. Hot dog buns. Today, I am still rolling with the original turns I bow from the Hong Kong bakery. Yeah, I got to say, so this was my number one pick to got the job done overall, the best battle with the pineapple buns. If the Taiwanese one does it best, I'm going to give it to them. But the pineapple bun does come from Hong Kong. The Guangzhou one does the best job of having that sugary coating on top. Overall is the best one. Blueberry bun battle. I got a roll with the 85C one on this one. This is just packing the most. It's a fluffy milk bun overall. This is actually one of the strongest buns at 85C, by the way. I actually think Western people would like this. Here we have the Portuguese egg tart battle, aka the po-tot battle. Here we have the Hong Kong po-tot. This is the 85C Taiwanese one. There was some overpowering flavors. It's definitely high quality. The Hong Kong version definitely tastes more like the po-tot you would get in Hong Kong. All right, you guys, we're out of the battle section. I just want to show you guys some of the most famous items at 85C. This is their taro bun. People used to wait in line at Diamond Jamboree and Irvine for so long just to get this. The one that I'm holding in my hand, this is a bowl of chashu bao, which is basically only something you're going to really find at Hong Kong spots, where it has the bowl of bao topping. But the inside is chashu bao. Wow. Okay, guys, in my hand I have a fresh gai-mei bao, aka cocktail bun. This bun of them all is actually one of the most popular ones to eat for breakfast. There's no meat inside. Yet they have some kind of like this coconut filling. All right, you guys, I have to get the cream bun. That's really symbolic of why the Taiwanese bakeries are winning. Cream buns, sometimes they can just be doing too much. Yeah, you know what it is. It's a little too heavy. All right, Andrew, there's no way we're actually getting through all of this. So I just wanted to showcase a few things to people that I really recommend from the Cantonese bakery side. This is a curry pork triangle. So it's basically like a curry pork pastry. And I think this is something that they're only going to have at a Hong Kong bakery. And here I got the spam or ham and egg baguette. Savory items from the Hong Kong bakery. And then Andrew, this almost Cantonese style of angel food cake, it's super light. This is mom's favorite pastry. Wow. Too fluffy. You might have to check this one out. And people are going crazy over this. What you see is you have a scallion egg on the outside. You have a layer of mayo in between the bread and the egg. And then you have pork sung. And then you have jackfruit and mayo on the inside. So there's this sweet, savory, eggy flavor going on. Something else I want to show you guys real quick. This is a mango cake. I mean, how often do you see mango in cake? Cantonese love the fruit cake. Which bakery were you the biggest fan of? I think that if you need a bun to go for breakfast, I think the Hong Kong Cantonese bakeries are going to do the best job of those. Dude, you get yourself a ham and egg, and I'm getting an unsweetened green tea. And I am on my way onto the next section. Next up, Andrew, we've got the traditional Hong Kong breakfast side. Like these style of chung fun, even in Guangzhou, you can only find them at Hong Kong spots. Hong Kong style shrimp chung fun. You guys can tell that the chung fun is fresh because how wiggly and folded it is. Somebody was really folding this by hand. This is not the machine made. The shrimp chung fun is the benchmark item. The next very popular Cantonese breakfast food, David, is the one ton noodles. I know with the Hong Kong spots, the one ton are very big, and they have shrimp and pork just like this one. Let's take a bite. The thing I love about the noodles though is that they're really thin. They're almost like angel hair pasta, except they're cooked al dente. So that's why the texture of the one ton noodle is very unique. Andrew, what do you want to tell the people about chung? Rice porridge is literally one of the oldest dishes that are still eaten today. This is the classic. We got to take a look at this one right here. This one is a paedansou yukchuk, which is a salty pork and thousand year old egg. One of my favorite memories is waking up on Saturday mornings before church and you have the chook and then you have all these little garnishes and side dishes, the pickled vegetables on the side. I like chicken chook and I actually like the fish chook a lot, which we have coming up right here, fish ball cilantro congee. This is a very simple dish. You can see you have shredded ginger. You have the fish filet in here. This is actually a fish ball with cilantro in it. I think Taiwanese are most known for it is putting the yam in the congee. Just when the yam is soft in it and just, I don't know, it's just really good. This I believe is either a haka or a chiao dish due to the preserved fish. And also maybe due to the fact, I think that's a mixture of noodles. Yeah. Mmm. This is a very legit traditional flavor with the salted fish that I personally am not that big of a fan of, but I'm glad he recommended it. But not least, Andrew, this is satay beef with instant noodles. So it has little bits of dried seafood in there. It's a little bit spicy. It kind of has a light barbecue flavor to it. It's really one of the most delicious Chinese sauces, I got to say beef satay. I would say that the Cantonese cuisine specifically has the most diverse sub types of breakfast because you've got the mean joke, which is the one time mean congee section. You've got the British fusion section on top of that, almost like Guangzhou style foods like Guangzhou style Cheng funds that you can't even find in Hong Kong. So this Chinese breakfast excursion must continue on to the next section. And we're moving on. We're more looking at young Hong Kong food. Yeah. I mean, this is really what you see people in Hong Kong eating a lot when you go out for breakfast. The breakfast instant noodle here. Yeah, the gong zai min. The gong zai min with the spicy sausage. I think we got to lead off with that because that was the one I was looking at the most. Sure, man. This is the instant noodle soup gong zai min. It's delicious, but it kind of feels like something that you could make at home. Like your mom might whip it up. I'm going to give it a 4.5. Wow, wow. You really like this dish. I give it a 3.5 out of five. I don't fiend for it in the same way that David does. Here we have this incredible pile of chow mein. I would say the younger people, they're into it too. But for older people and this is like a 10 out of 10 banger. It just has sprouts, tosses some soy sauce. I want to say egg noodles. They're very thin egg noodles. They're actually really tasty and I love the texture. This kind of brings you back to why you love chow mein. Now we have to try the Hong Kong style. This was kind of, for me, the first time I had this in Hong Kong with the peanut sauce and hoi xin. So as you can see, it's kind of mixed in together here because they know you're going to dip it in both anyways. Breakfast chung fun, plain. This chung fun has green onions and the dried shrimp.  Yet again, a simple dish, but surprisingly delicious. Moving on, we have the heavily Western-influenced Spam and egg, ham and egg, however you guys want it.  This is actually a really good version of a spam and egg sandwich. I think it's funny how they just don't eat crust in Hong Kong, like they just, they always cut it off on the sandwiches. Last but not least, oh my gosh, we're on our pastries. And we've come back to the core. The fall all yow. The slab of butter really sets everything apart. It just adds that kind of sweetness of the bun. It overall works out really well. Pineapple bun with butter. That's not regular butter. That is sweet butter. Wow, that butter is super sweet. Of course, last but not least, Andrew, we have the authentic Hong Kong egg tart, dan tat. This one's gonna have a more pastry crust, super layered.  Check this out, this is the dan tat, the egg tart. I like it better than the Taiwanese one that we had earlier in the day. This really captured that egg custard flavor. When it comes to the phrase like Chinese breakfast, what does that even mean? Because there are so many different styles from different places, and they eat it for different reasons because of the climate, because of what their general activities are gonna be. It was really cool to see the diversity all within the 626, all within one day. Next round, I am happy to introduce on this channel once again, the Chiew Jiao Noodle. Yours is a Chiew Jiao Chow Mean, basically your Chiew Jiao House Special. This is the pork rib noodle. So we have a different soup base here. That soup might be a black bean juice. It does have black beans. We're talking about a black bean pork rib gravy noodle. When I get a bite of the jalapeno, the fried onion, and the pork all in one bite, that's what I'm looking for right here, look. Some of the fish cake and some of the fried onions, I would say maybe that's more Vietnamese, but then of course the wonton noodles looks more Chinese. So it's just a mixture, and let me tell you this, it's a beautiful mixture. It's very simple but tasty. They gave us the super fresh and fluffy Yau Tiew in here. Oh, I got another one here. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. They gave me an extra dip just for the Yau Tiew. By itself, it's just like a fried dough stick. Like you dip it in the soup and it soaps everything up and then the flavors mix together. Really delicious to be honest. Chiew Jiao food is also known for its small appetizers. We've got fried wontons. Wow. Half of it is chewy because of the meat and soft and then other half is really light and crispy. So you're getting both textures in one bite. At one point in history, Andrew, people who spoke Cantonese, people who spoke Hakka and people who spoke Chiew Jiao were considered like rival tribes in the South. Hakkas are now considered pretty much a subgroup of Cantonese, but at one point Hakka people and Cantonese people actually had wars with each other. Let's just wash it down with some veggies while we're waiting for the next round of food to be done. That oyster sauce is tasty. How often do you beast over a side of veggies? I don't think like Chiew Jiao people out there need me to tell them that the food is good, but in case you guys didn't know, Chiew Jiao food is delicious. That wraps it up for the Chiew Jiao breakfast noodle section with delicious side dishes. Our next round is gonna be from Tianjin, Northern China. All right, you guys, we are in front of Garage Kitchen representing the city of Tianjin.  What are some other things they have? Maybe some of the dojo. Kind of a little bit more of soupy tofu dishes. So guys, we're gonna see what kind of traditional Northern Chinese breakfast items we can get. Andrew, moving right along to our Chinese breakfast extravaganza. We have landed in Tianjin. Gotta go with the Tianjin Baozi. It's almost like a Shaolongbao Baozi. The Tianjin Baozi. They're pretty much look like enlarged Shaolongbaos bursting at the seams. Guys, look, all those brown spots, that's actually just the soup that's making it closer and closer to the surface of the skin. That means it's about to break. Tianjin Baozi, number one. We are blazing through, Andrew. I wanna try that.  Look at this brown sugar bean. I'll tell you this, how crispy the brown sugar is on top is impressive. If you guys know that desserts in Asia traditionally are very mildly sweet, this is no different. This is very mild. It's almost like you taste more of the fried thing in just maybe 20% of the sugar. We gotta get into this jambing. It looks very authentic.  Oh my God. This particular jambing here is not my favorite. I think it's partially because actually the yo-tiao inside is a little bit burnt. I think that's actually what happens.  Northern Chinese breakfast, like we said, to the uninitiated, there's gonna be a gap to bridge to make this mainstream in America. We might be many notches away from closing that gap. But first, this is massive, bro. Look at this. There's nothing else. Just pork, sung, an egg, and a huge mantou. How does it compare to the Shaobing, bro? Bro, you gotta be a 200 pounder. Yo, pop up some pictures of the guys you think that would like this, bro. Would it be that guy, Andrew, who drinks the beers on fire, Shaopanzas? Let me get a bite of this. Oh, man. You know what I mean? I feel like that one fat Chinese baby. Dude, compressing the mantou was like compressing boost. Like Adidas boost cushion. That was like Zumex foam. Last but not least, in the Northern Chinese breakfast section, Andrew, let's go for the dojur and then the lamb soup. You think I get Chinese points? You're gonna find out that that tastes very similar to a dish you've already had. It's hot and sour soup. Hot and sour soup. It's cool. Wow. It's kind of like a hot and sour soup version of dojur. So it's really not bad, so. I like it. Tastes like a healthier version of hot and sour soup. Dojur, hao chur. I knew I was going to like that a lot more than I thought. Yeah? This tastes very similar to the yangtang that we had in the hu tongs. From Inner Mongolia, it really does taste like it. It's not bad. I like it. They did a good job. They did a good job. Yeah, it probably tastes actually better than the hu tong one, only because the hu tong was so authentic. It was like a little too funky, but this one, they watered it down a little bit for like the mass market. Heading right along on our Chinese breakfast food crawl, we are in the Wuhan province, and this is what they really eat there. This is the hot, dry breakfast noodles rujanmian. This is popular for breakfast. It's mostly a mixture of really thick sesame sauce. It has like this kind of dark soy sauce, and then it has pickled peppers on top. Interestingly enough, it doesn't look like much. No, it looks really simple. But guys, trust me, like we've had a lot of different noodle dishes, and this one definitely stands out and there's a reason why it's famous. Wuhan rujanmian. Man, I'm excited. I'm glad we each got our own, because this is just... The chewiness of those noodles and kind of how the sesame sauce kind of sticks onto the noodle. It's covering everything. I could have even used maybe a little bit more chili pepper. This is just really simple, but like tasty. For this particular Wuhan rujanmian dish, I gotta give it a four out of five. Next, we're heading down to the south in Guangzhou to have breakfast, and here we have a bunch of dishes from Yinji Tong Fun. It's a famous Guangzhou breakfast chain, it specializes in chang fun. This is actually the most traditional style right here. I remember when we were in Guangzhou, they love putting gigantic pieces of lettuce in the chang fun. I have the beef and vegetable and shrimp one. As you can see, it is packed with so much ingredients that it's actually kind of hard to keep it together, so it kind of becomes like a just ball of rice noodles. Guangzhou chang fun, aka rice wrap noodle. This type of chang fun, where it's a thinner layer, it's a lot more floppy and squiggly and wavy, and it kind of folds on top of itself. I personally like this style better than the dim sum one. Whoa! I always thought the dim sum one, it was the rice noodles were too thick and it didn't have enough filling. Next up, in Guangzhou. They love Luo Maikai, Luo Mi Ji. Andrew, how do you compare this to zongzi? It's definitely similar, but I think the rice is stickier. It's probably has more sauce. They always have the Chinese sausage in there. Luo Maikai, Luo Mi Ji. They have probably been eating this for breakfast in Guangzhou for like hundreds, if not a thousand years. I think because it's sticky rice, maybe it doesn't last as long as the zongzi. Also, zongzi are wrapped with like six different layers. Given this Luo Maikai, 3.5 out of five. Last but not least, Andrew, you've got the curry fish balls. Right here, I've got chashu fond. This is really good. It feels like I could say that this is more of a breakfast chashu, only because it's less sweet than the other chashus. I don't know if they purposely did it like that, or maybe it's just this particular recipe. It could be Andrew, because there are breakfast Shaolong Bao's that are clearly different in Taiwan. So this could be the breakfast version of chashu. I'm not mad if I eat this for breakfast in Guangzhou, bro. Look at this, half fat, half meat, very clearly. For curry fish balls, that's really good. I give that a four out of five. You're saying you give that a four out of five as a guy who's not generally a fan of curry fish balls? I never see you order those. I never get curry fish balls, but this is a really good version. Moving off the coast of China, Andrew, we are headed to the Northwest, Lanzhou, the land of noodles. We have three types of Lanzhou lamian, AKA Lanzhou ramen, Lanzhou hand-pulled noodles. This is what they eat for breakfast. This is Lanzhou lamian for breakfast. I think it's cool that they don't really have a distinction between what is like breakfast food and what is lunch and even dinner food. Yeah, not all cultures actually have distinct breakfast only foods. I mean, considering breakfast is supposed to be the most important part of your day, why only limit it to certain foods? But I am excited to try this lamb noodle. That lamb flavor is kicking in that noodle dish. So I would say actually this is one of my favorite just because of the flavor that's coming through the lamb meat. For breakfast, they actually also have rojambua. Rojambua are the pulled pork sandwiches. These are super good. This is rojambua, AKA, you know, some people call it the Chinese hamburger. I could see eating that for breakfast, man. You're on your way. Last but not least, Andrew, we have things that they would eat in Sichuan. The Hongyou Chaoshou, the red oil wonton, is something that they do eat in the mornings of Sichuan.  And what thing is ever not spicy in Sichuan? Yeah, even for breakfast, they eat something kind of spicy.  That's good. The Sichuan spicy wonton is one of my favorites. Wrapping up our Northwestern slash Western breakfast, we've got the shirbing. This is something that's really popular in the North and Northwest of China, shirbing. My mind was telling me no, but my taste buds, my body undulations undulating underneath the wave, told me to keep eating. The more and more I film these videos, the more I learn about Chinese breakfast. One thing I got to say when I said that Lanzhou food has some Mongolian influence, that means we got to see Mongolian wrestler J. Shu. Woo! Go at some of this food. Mongolian John. While some regions eat specific dishes for breakfast and some don't, what does it mean to have foods created for different times of the day? Is it as simple as just sticking to tradition? Are some foods designed to energize you in the morning? Maybe it's a symbol of some extra organized infrastructure. Listen, I don't know. But I think that if there's anything to take away from how excited we can be when we find out pancakes are being served at 1 a.m., I think it's that some breakfast foods can be just as, if not more delicious, later on in the day. And man, I just wish you could order a good fantuan at like 7 p.m. somewhere. That'd be lit. Eat two pieces at once. Man, say less. Oh, you gotta get some rice in there, hurry. Scoop the rice and the egg, and the egg. I don't know if some people don't like the fattiness in the meat, but sign me up for the fat on the meat at all times, man. Sign them up for the fatties.


Hello everyone, welcome to Options with Doug, streaming live daily on Bookmap Discord and the Bookmap YouTube channel at 1.30pm Eastern Time. Before I go any further, let me go through the Disclosures. General disclosure, all Bookmap limited materials, information, and presentations are for educational purposes only and should not be considered specific investment advice nor recommendations. Risk Disclosure, creating futures, equities, and options, involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. And as a reminder, my presentation and the Options with Doug channel and Bookmap Discord is very focused and the focus is options, order flow, the impact of options markets on stocks and futures, and the influence of market maker hedging flow on price action. I have a two-step process for trading and the first step is planning and I use positional analysis for my planning to help me develop a thesis for the day regarding the training range, expected volatility, and directional bias. And positional analysis is looking at how traders and market makers are positioned in the options market and then how those positions change from day to day. And I think this provides a significant edge over traditional forms of analysis such as technical analysis and fundamental analysis and it can certainly be combined with those as well. But this is primarily how I look at the market. And the second step in my process is execution. That happens when the market opens and I'm looking at real-time order flow in Bookmap and market maker hedging flow in SpotGamma Hero to confirm my thesis and to find setups. And finally on topic questions and comments are welcome and I will be watching Bookmap Discord, the Options with Doug channel as well as YouTube for questions and comments. So again questions and comments are welcome. All right, let's go ahead and get started now and my agenda today. What I want to talk about is first of all news upcoming news items for the week and then go over position analysis and then finally talk about some setups. All right, so first of all news and there's not really much significant news economic data coming out this week. So this is the daily FX website showing the economic calendar for the United States for the next seven days. So tomorrow there's according to this not much of anything well except for the pending home sales at 10 a.m. I don't know how much of a market mover that will be and then on the 29th that's Thursday the jobless claims and then on Friday there is some PMI data that comes out at 9.45 a.m. Eastern time. So that's very light news week especially compared to the last couple weeks. All right, so let's get started with position analysis now and let's take a look at this is the S&P 500 futures and I see a question at bookmap discord is there something wrong with audio and can anybody else hear me? Okay, I'm getting an indication that audio is good on discord. Thank you. Thank you, Moon Walker Frosty and Unilink. Let me just check on YouTube and Mike says I can hear Roomba says yes. Okay, so I think my audio is good. Okay, so this is this is really interesting. I don't know. Can anybody identify what's going on now? Just a quick question. So let me let me go over what I'm looking at on the chart here. So this is the S&P 500 futures ES and Moon Walker is close and need to know as close as well. There's a significance to that that strike at 3835. Okay, so I'm looking at two columns here with levels. This first column this SG column is spot gamma cloud notes and these come these are updated daily from spot gamma and they're marking key levels based on either SPX levels or SPX and spy combo levels. And so we see both SPX levels converted to ES prices. So spot gamma is adding 25 points to ES to come up with an equivalent number. So the for example here this ES SPX 3850 is equivalent to ES 3875. And then this column the C levels column is my cloud notes and I am marking the key um spy levels here. So this is the spy 380 key gamma strike and then also spot gamma notes support and resistance levels and the the AM founders note that the note that comes out about 7 7 30 a.m eastern time and so for example these two levels were indicated as support. And so let's take a look at some important information here. First of all this 380 level spy 380 level acted as support this morning and that was a great setup that I'll go on go into more detail talk about it in just a moment or two. Um so there the setup was that traders were taking positive delta positions as price was dropping down to this 380 level and that's a classic hero divergence setup. So the other significant thing here is this 3835 level is the call strike of the JP Morgan collar and it is just acting as a magnet today. So um price was down below that level and it went back up price got above the level close to the 3850 level again that's SPX and move back down and price has been uh gravitating up and down around that level uh ever since then and we'll uh take a look at that in just a minute in more detail and why that is happening in just a minute. So um again that is that's very important information and this expires on um on Friday on 12 30 this is the the call strike in the JP Morgan collar and JP Morgan is short that strike so that means that market makers are long uh that strike. So um they bought the calls that JP Morgan was selling so the next thing that I want to talk about is the expected range for the week and there are several ways of looking at that and this is just a um a snippet of a comment from the AM founders note today noting that um they are expecting that the S&P 500 meaning the SPX will close inside the 3800 to 3900 range again this is SPX uh by the end of the week you know they're expecting um the SPX to be uh bound within that range during the week and the more complete analysis is uh is included in the AM founders note and I will I will leave that to spot gamma subscribers for the complete analysis and now let's take a look at let's go take a look at think or swim now let's go back to SPX let's go to charts so this is showing the um I'm going to zoom in on this so this is showing the expected move for the week for SPX and showing the lower edge of the expected move at uh around 37 72 so a little bit lower than the um than the spot gamma range and the upper edge of the expected move at 39 18 so a little bit higher and this is just based on uh the options market implied volatility and the price last Friday and it is a one standard deviation uh 68 chance that price will close within this range uh by Friday so that is a I'd say a pretty much a confirmation of that 3800 to 3900 range and one interesting thing is the um let's go take a look at the founders note for today and note that they were showing the this five day range is a much much wider range 37 26 to 39 62 so that is really not in line with uh with the other information okay so let's um quickly talk about shifts and levels so the only shift there were the really the only shift in and levels was this key gamma strike oops I'm sorry clear that the key gamma strike or the absolute gamma strike for qqq dropped from 270 to 265 so otherwise there were no shifts in the uh in these key levels that uh actually the spy volatility trigger moved up two points so that's uh that's kind of a minor move uh otherwise the put wall call wall and key gamma strikes uh all remain the same as they were Friday for the s and p 500 and now let's go take a look at the s and p 500 charts and we'll take a look at those levels so first of all spx and um this shows the there's the 3,800 put wall and that is the uh level with the highest net negative gamma and that uh again spot gamma is looking for that level to act as support and here's the call wall and that is the level with the highest net positive gamma and again that's the short strike the call and the uh jp morgan collar and then uh the 4000 is 4000 level is still the key gamma strike or the absolute gamma strike and that is the strike with the largest absolute gamma and then spy starting with the 375 that's the put wall and 380 is the key gamma strike and 385 is shown there 384 is the volatility trigger and then 390 is the call wall all right let's take a look at at a couple of other things i'm going to go back to thinkorswim and now let's take a look let's uh let's take a closer look at that 3835 strike so this is the December 30th expiration and here is the the open interest at the 3835 strike and this is on the call side of the option chain and you can clearly see the that level of open interest dominates open interest at all the other strikes both on the on the call side and on the put side one other thing to take a look at now is the gamma at that level and one thing to keep in mind is gamma is highest at the money and at expiration this is a um this is also included in the am founders note and uh they have shown this chart several times and this is the this is the gamma curve for the 3835 call strike and the thing to note here is how that curve changes particularly with with time and this is the blue curve at an iv of 20 and let's just check what let's just check on the vix to see so that iv of 20 is is pretty close right now vix is trading at 2167 so uh 20 is is close enough so we'll compare the blue curve with the green curve so this is from last week showing that the the point here is the influence of that strike is wider further out in strikes but not quite as strong as at 3835 as it is uh now closer to expiration at at five days to expiration same volatility level showing that um now the influence at that strike is stronger but it diminishes as uh price moves away from that strike and also note the the red line is close to the green line and that just shows the effect of the change in implied volatility with a drop from 20 to 15 and um you know for those who trade options you may uh think of uh volatility as synthetic time so this is showing kind of the same effect as a change in time uh as an implied volatility drop an implied volatility having the same effect is a change in time okay so that is the you know i think this is just fascinating and you know seeing it play out uh in the live market okay so it'll be uh you know we'll keep an eye on it for the rest of the week and see how that see how that works out both the the magnet of the 3835 call and all that gamma and also the 3800 to 3900 range all right let's take a look at some other data that I that I always look at and that is gamma notional and this is showing the market makers position on the gamma curve and in a negative gamma environment this indicates that traders are long puts market makers are short puts and they have to sell futures as price drops to hedge their delta exposure and just the opposite they can buy back those uh short futures as price rises so they're trading in the direction of price and that tends to increase volatility and that's typical of a negative gamma environment and one thing to note is that this negative gamma has shifted slightly more positive or less negative than last week so gamma notional for spx shifted from minus 537 on friday and I compare morning to morning so on friday morning spx gamma notional was minus 537 and today it is minus 339 so a little bit less negative and spy shifted from minus 1688 on friday to minus 1552 today so still pretty significantly significantly negative especially for spy and let's take a look at uh the Vanna charts now and what this is showing how is how market makers delta notional or delta exposure changes with changes uh and price uh implied volatility and time and you can interpret this just by drawing a line that that makes sense through this curve and it's usually pretty closely parallel to this black line and this is showing the green line is showing how market makers delta exposure changes with changes in price and implied volatility and that's the Vanna effect and again this is confirming the uh negative gamma that was shown in the uh founder's note the data in the founder's note uh indicating that market makers delta exposure increases as price drops and they have to sell futures to hedge their delta exposure and they can buy back those futures as price increases and the black line shows how their delta exposure changes uh as time passes and that's the charm effect and we can look back and see that that has how that has shifted uh from thursday to friday to today so just a slight shift from friday to today and we can look at spy also so that's just confirming and uh the uh the gamma notional negative gamma notional and showing it in a visual form okay let's take a look at some setups here and the first setup well first of all let's take a look at um this is my key gamma strike spreadsheet and i um this is something that i do every morning in my uh planning and i look at all the stocks on my watch list i go to uh equity hub and spot gamma and take a look at the key gamma strike uh for each of the stocks in my watch list and i look at how those levels uh have changed from the previous day so this column on the far right is the previous gamma strike from the previous day key gamma strike and then this current key gamma strike is the key gamma strike uh for today and then i color code them and red indicates that the level dropped from the prior day and red indicates that the level uh or green indicates that the price increased from the previous day and red indicates that the level dropped from the previous day so a couple things of note here is the drop in moderna and we'll take that's one of the setups that i want to take a look at and also the drop here in qqq that's i talked about that before the shifts in the index levels and then tesla continues to drop and it has just been relentless uh on the downside so we'll take a look at uh take a look at all those setups all those uh instruments and setups all right i post this every day this is my spike gamma hero watch list and i'm going to open up this i post this in bookmap discord let me just check for for questions and mike asked can i change the color of my pointer yeah i'll look into that um i need to uh i need to i i need to make my pointer bigger figure out how to make that easier to see and that's why i'm using the pen tool so much to uh like put a rectangle or an arrow uh around what i'm talking about and oh boy ask how's the jp morgan collar level known and i i think that's pretty well published i i just uh i get my information primarily from spot gamma and spot gamma uh brett kujuba has talked about it uh for quite a while now um so you could probably just uh probably just google jp morgan collar and and find the information and anthony asked can i share a link to my uh bookmap cloud notes and uh well i again i have two sets of cloud notes and the answers no uh the first from spot gamma are available to spot gamma subscribers and the second setters my own and that's just something that i keep on a on a spreadsheet on my local computer so uh you know i encourage you if you think this is useful uh first of all to uh uh you know if you're not already a spot gamma subscriber you can um you can give them a try you know they offer a free trial and then i use the price lines add on uh from the bookmap marketplace and you can create your own you can create your own cloud notes without that price lines add on i use it because it draws lines at my levels so uh you know if you're a bookmap subscriber you can if you want to use your own cloud notes just search that search for that in the knowledge base and it'll show you how to make your own cloud notes so this is something this um this list of stocks here is my spot gamma hero watch list and i sort it by weakest to strongest or strongest the weakest uh depending on uh my bias for the today and um then i post that in um in bookmap discord so today i sorted it from weakest signal to strongest signal and what this is showing is this right here this hero signal is showing the current signal in relation to the last 30 days and that's shown by this light gray slider area and also the last five days and that's the colored section so right now uh for example the hero signal for nvidia is the weakest that it has been in the last 30 days and weaker than it has been in the last five days so we'll go through the uh i want to go through the s and p 500 first and then we'll go through the rest of the stocks in this order so again if you're if you're on uh youtube and not seeing this i encourage you to join bookmap discord it's free and open to all and this is where i i post things like this as well as uh uh trade analysis and and other things that i'm uh maybe seeing during the day okay and one other interesting thing that i want to point out is this is um this is the my watch list in my trading platform and i ranked it by uh the net change and interesting to thing note take note of here is this list pretty much closely corresponds with the list that i posted earlier um of the weakest to strongest hero signals so maderno was definitely on that list nvidia and tesla was actually at the other end end of the list uh but it was uh pretty weak as well and again i've talked about that before that tesla has been weak so for so long that a strong hero signal uh you just have to take that into context that it may be stronger than it has been in the last 30 days or five days but it still could be weak because tesla has been so weak so just an interesting note here all right so let's go take a look at some setups now and the first thing that i want to take a look at is spy and es is going to be the same and i'm going to zoom in here but too much okay and what i want to talk about i should have should have opened it up before i zoomed in all right so this is the full screen view and the thing that i want to talk about is this divergent setup and this is the purple line is the hero signal and this is the total signal showing calls and puts and this is showing that as price was dropping remember down towards that 380 level which was expected to act as support so as price dropped and started uh you know as price dropped to a certain level traders started taking positive delta positions as price continued to drop and that was a that had a lead effect and then price once it finally dropped to that 380 level began to move higher and let's just take a look and see let's separate put some calls here clear this out so this shows that traders were buying calls and that's shown by this orange line here all right let's go take a look at at book map now so there's es and let's just go take a look at spy and here's the setup this morning so there's the reversal at the 380 level again as traders were buying calls so when you see that in hero then you want to start looking at book map look for a level of a potential reversal and the 380 key gamma strike was that level and then just look for the confirmation and book map of the reversal and I believe this is looks like kind of an inverse head and shoulders pattern and price reverses higher makes a higher low here and then there are a couple of liquidity targets up above and price never made it up to that level and need to know ask about the hero chart for spy and no I did not set that to the 30 minute time frame I zoomed in on the morning session so I was looking at really looking at the looking at the first hour looking at this price maybe hour and 15 minutes there's so there was really no reason to to set it down to a shorter rolling window now if I was going to trade this afternoon yes I would I would set the rolling window down to 30 minutes but when I'm looking in the morning I just leave it to the default one day settings and that's what I was showing so there's the setup in and spy again traders taking positive delta positions primarily buying calls looking for the reverse level at at the 380 key gamma strike and then price makes a higher low and there's your you know if you didn't enter here you know there's your entry there and again looking at these price targets above so there's the setup in spy and then the next one was now we'll start at the top of the list and the next one was Nvidia and this was a great setup this morning for fast traders let's go take a look at Nvidia now I've got these so for us these sorted in alphabetical order and I'm going to go open this up I still have puts and calls transactions separated here and here you know it's pretty clear the blue line which is indicates traders are buying puts this morning was dropping and price was falling and again this was a pretty fast move down let's go back and take a look at go back and take a look at let's just zoom in on this setup for the morning and here the the target was the 145 put wall and that is shown here and it it initially acted as support and now it looks like prices continues to drop so there's the 145 put wall quick drop down to that level a reversal higher three points and then price continued lower to to the put wall again let's just go back so need to know ask hero cross the price I don't look at crosses the the leading indicator was that hero was rising before spy started to rise so that was indicating that again traders were taking positive delta positions you know as we saw traders were buying calls and that means that market makers are selling calls and they have to buy spy or most likely in this case buy es to hedge their delta exposure so es spx and spy are all just versions of the same product so they move together so sometimes there's a lag effect especially in spy so it is a very good very good to look for divergent setups and spy they occur more frequently in spy than than other stocks so again the steps first of all you recognize the divergence in hero then you look at book map for a potential reversal level you would be looking for for a key gamma level and also liquidity so a combination of key gamma level and that would be at a round number level and also liquidity at that level and so 380 was the natural reversal point and one other thing to note is let's just go to the I'm going to go look at the founders note again and note here key support and resistance strikes are given for spy and 380 is one of those levels all right so we're looking I hope that answered your question so again look at the divergence look for a reversal level expect market makers at some point to have to start to buy stock by futures to hedge their delta exposure and then price reverses at that level as expected and moves up towards the targets that you see in book map so here for Nvidia we see that traders are buying puts market makers are selling the puts and they have to sell stock and video stock to hedge their delta exposure so there was the there was the morning setup and then this afternoon setup and let's take a look at let's go back to hero now and I'm going to zoom all the way out and you see that traders are just continuing to buy puts so we look at the this dollar-weighted delta minus 42 versus minus 3.8 for calls so puts are clearly driving here and you can just see that from the graph and this is the one day rolling window I have not I have not tighten that to a shorter look back period all right let's take a look at qqq now just want to take a quick look at that it was on the list and this morning there was a very strong correlation between options trades and price action and qqq and the next one that I wanted to take a look at that was a good setup was apple let's zoom in on the morning and this is showing a very strong correlation between options trades and price action especially in the morning and let's take a look at book map now and here was the setup from this morning just this quick drop down to 129 and this one one thing that I really like about stock trading is the liquidity targets are just very clear price seeks liquidity and the first target if you caught the reversal at the 131 hedge wall was the 130 put wall and then liquidity down at 129 50 and at 129 and then on further on down at 128 all right the next stock that I want to take a look at is Moderna and let me check on questions in YouTube let's see did Q Napa 12 asked did qqq gamma level shifting down add conviction to the tesla bearish thesis or I would say probably vice versa so tesla used to be a larger component of qqq now it's now it's smaller but it is still extremely volatile so it has a strong influence on price action in qqq so taking a look at Moderna here and I mark these in the morning and now they're now they're not really that that visible Moderna has continued to drop so let's take a look at at a couple things and first of all this looks a lot like Friday so what it looks like to me is Moderna was knocked out at the open and just can't get up off the mat and on Friday it kind of chopped around at the same level once it dropped quickly and today now it's continuing lower let's go take a look at hero now and this is for Moderna and this shows the extremely close correlation between options trades and price action and at least in the morning both puts and calls were driving price action so that was the morning session that initial drop showing that traders were both selling calls and buying puts and driving price action then they have continued to sell calls which makes sense in a stock like Moderna it's a higher volatility stock so let's go take a look at let's go back in the look at my list here and remember Moderna was one of the stocks with a drop in the key gamma strike so we looked at qqq briefly and there were better setups that's why I skipped over that pretty quickly but here's Moderna with the the drop in the key gamma strike and you know if you're building a case for a short in Moderna you could also look at in your preparation planning look at equity hub here and we'll do the same thing for Tesla in just a moment and it looks like all other the key delta strike dropped and then the so the key delta strike dropped and the key gamma strike dropped so there was one clue and then the next was the the weak hero signal and then finally confirming that with spot gamma hero and price action and book map all right let's take a look at Tesla now and kind of go through the same same steps and again like many stocks that the price targets this is liquidity orders that passive orders that come in the order book at 930 at the cash open and stacked up here at 190 185 and 180 so that gives you a good indication of where price is likely to go right now let's take a look at Tesla okay and notice Tesla has traded down to the lower edge the expected move for the week that's shown here and then it's chopping around that level notice the this is the session range volume profile and notice the liquidity at that level and also at the 115 level where Tesla spent some time and ancient the architect asked at open is it safe to buy puts to hide target high liquidity areas and I would I would confirm that with with a hero signal and price action and I'm confirming that with with book map so like I said I have a two-step process for trading and the first is planning so you know whatever I'm looking at if I have a bearish thesis then I would always confirm my thesis with both order flow and market maker hedging flow and book map and spot gamma hero apple has high liquidity we'll take a at 125 is it safe to target that area again I would confirm that with with order flow and market maker hedging flow but if you are bearish then if if there is high liquidity at that area you know that's most likely a good target so let's let's focus on Tesla now go back to hero first we're still on maternal let's go to go to Tesla and just briefly take a look notice that Tesla was on the strong end of this list in the morning but now it has shifted to the to a weak signal as prices continued to fall and recall the Tesla was on this list with falling key gamma strikes and notice here the two red so 130 was a decrease from the previous day and then 120 was another drop today so that's uh that's all bearish and let's take a look at equity hub here look at Tesla and this shows the we'll just take a look at the key gamma strike has been falling for the last five days from the 20th a week ago falling from 150 down down to 120 now quickly we can look at the other levels particularly the put wall also dropping so all bearish for Tesla in our planning and you know now that's shown with the hero signal and let's take a look at hero and in the morning both calls and puts were driving price action and it continues to be both let's go back to book map it's not really a gamma level target but uh plenty of liquidity targets at the round number levels and then also that lower edge of the expected move and let me take a look at questions and need to know also ask one clarification on the hero chart the blue line on the hero chart on spy pointing down has a negative value and the negative value just means there are puts no that's not correct the negative value indicates that it is a negative delta position and that could be that traders are buying puts or selling calls both are negative delta and that is shown in in a dollar terms so that negative number again is shown a dollar terms somehow corrected for delta i'd have to go back and look at the exact definition but that is a you know just assume that's negative delta so negative delta is buying puts and or selling calls and trader a g ask what would i look for here so let's take a look so if uh you know if you're looking for a break of this 112 to 113 range then 110 is the um the natural liquidity target and let's take a look at at hero now and i'm going to get a little bit closer here let's take a look at a a 30 minute rolling window so this will be more sensitive to uh trades in the last 30 minutes and here i i uh trader each year i don't have much clarity you know if i were looking for price to continue down to that 110 target uh i would look for hero the hero signal to turn down first and on youtube uh h h the architect yes you're welcome go back to discord okay um so trader h e i would uh you know if i were looking to trade tesla i would i would just keep an eye on it keep an eye on hero and see what happens but i i don't have any clarity here i would certainly uh well i you know i just don't know it's hard to say let's go back to book map okay uh my time is up i think i've answered all your questions thank you mary of much for watching uh thanks for your um questions and comments and i will see you tomorrow thanks again bye


Hello everyone, my name is Maxime Plançon and in this video I will be presenting the paper entitled Exactly Sampling from Mangaussian Distributions, which is joint work with Thomas Prest. Okay, let's begin. So, yeah, we're interested in the following problem. We want, we're given a description of a lattice, which I can think of as a basis, and we want to sample from a distribution D, whose support is a subset of the lattice L, that is in demand of the basis. So, for an algorithm to be a good solution to this problem, we also require that it's possible to sample from a narrow distribution with respect to the input description of the lattice. Second, we want it to be possible to shift the distribution by any chosen target vector in the space. Okay, so there are already lattice samplers, the two main ones being GPV, also the next line sampler, and the second one being PyCAD sampler. So, both of these algorithms, they sample from the discrete Gaussian distribution with an expected norm of the output being about root n times some value that represents, that represents the length of the basis that you use. I won't go into the detail about what length of the basis means, but it's written on the slides if you're interested. Okay, so the discrete Gaussian distribution I just mentioned is defined as the discretization of the usual Gaussian distribution where the discretization process is as follows. So, you have a distribution D of density F over Rn, and the discretization of D over L is defined as follows. So, its density is the restriction of F normalized on the lattice. Okay, so now why this problem? Well, sampling distribution analysis is a useful tool for many constructions in lattice cryptography, so you have your short list of applications of such algorithms. Okay, so now it's not always mandatory to have the sample distribution to be Gaussian for the applications in cryptography, and Gaussian comes with a fair share of problems regarding implementations and so on. So, we think that it could be interesting to have various distributions and various techniques to sample our lattices, and this is the point of the framework that we have constructed. Okay, and just for example, Gaussians, they're suited to Euclidean norm, but one may need sample from a distribution that's suitable to the L1 norm, the L infinity norm, and that's where our framework can become really useful. Okay, so the question is, can we sample efficiently from fairly narrow non-Gaussian distributions on lattices? And the answer is pretty much yes, depending on your definition of efficient and fairly narrow. So, basically our framework offers a trade-off between time and width of the sample distribution, and you can somewhat have both, meaning both efficiency and a distribution that's quite concentrated on the target, but I'll come back to that later. Okay, so just a quick note on the round-off algorithm, since it will play an important role for the exposition of our techniques. So, the algorithm works as follows. It takes its input to basis B in a vector x, and you want to compute a lattice point that is close to x. So, first you compute y, the coordinates of x in the basis B, then you round them, and you return the lattice point that corresponds to these coordinates in the basis B. Okay, so now, geometrically, this algorithm can be seen as follows. So, the algorithm splits the space Rn into a tessellation, as shown in the picture, made of parallel pipettes spanned by the basis B. And if you want to compute the round-off of some vector x, then you return the unique lattice point that is within the same parallel pipettes x. And so, as you can see, the preimage of any lattice point is the parallel pipettes surrounding it, which will be important in the following. Okay, so now, this is where I move on to describing what is the idea behind our framework. So, I will use the simplest instantiation that we have, which is using the round-off algorithm to sample uniform distribution of our hypercube. So, first, I'll start with a quote from GPV, where the authors describe a strategy that has been used to sample discrete gaussians. So, the strategy goes as follows. If you want to sample from the discrete gaussian, you first sample from the continuous, the usual continuous gaussian, and then you round these samples to the lattice using the round-off algorithm and you get some distribution defined on the lattice. So, they mention and they explain that if one wants the output distribution to be close to the discrete gaussian, then you have to take a somewhat large standard deviation. And yeah, this is because this procedure samples from the so-called rounded gaussian, and it's different from the discrete gaussian that we are actually aiming for, and increasing the parameters decreases the error. Increasing the standard deviation decreases the error and therefore asymptotically somehow it's working not so well for gaussian distributions. So, now let's see what happens if we use this exact method to sample from the uniform distribution on the lattice restricted to a hypercube. So, yeah, this is what we want to do is to use this method to sample uniform distribution over the big black dots here in the example in dimension 2. Okay, so let's try the naive adaptation of this method. So, first we sample from the continuous uniform distribution over the hypercube here of radius r. Then we round the samples and now we get a picture like this where the support of the distribution we get is the big black dots. So, as you can see, there are black dots outside of the hypercube and this is because a point we have a non-zero probability whenever it's parallel to a pipette, the parallel pipette surrounding it is intersecting the hypercube. So, yeah, we see that there are two problems arising. The first one, which I'll call the green dot problem, is that the green dot here on the picture on the right is outside of the support of the distribution we want to sample, but it has a non-zero probability because it's parallel pipette is intersecting the hypercube and therefore it has a non-zero probability, but it shouldn't. So, yeah, this is the first problem and the second problem is what I will call the blue dot problem where the blue dot is is not getting the same probability as the black dots within the hypercube because the probability of the blue dot is a probability that some point is sampled within its center parallel pipette but the intersection of this parallel pipette and the red hypercube is not full. The parallel pipette is not a subset of this hypercube and therefore its probability is going to be lower than the probability of the black dots for which the parallel pipette is completely a subset of the hypercube and so this is not going to be uniform and so this is not going to be the distribution we are aiming for. Okay, so we bring two modifications to tackle these two side effects. So it's pretty much one-to-one since the solutions we have do not interfere much. So yeah, the first thing we do is we sample we are aiming for the uniform distribution in the red hypercube and we sample in the blue hypercube on the picture on the left which is a little bit wider and this is so the blue dot from the last picture has its parallel pipette completely within the continuous support. Okay, now we run the samples just like before and we see that there are a lot of green dot problems around there because there are a lot of points outside of the red hypercube that are big black dots and so what we do is we just discard them. This is the last step the rejection sampling since they should have zero probability we just discard them and that's it. Now, as you can see the support of the distribution is there for the lattice intersected with the red hypercube and and all of these points their probability is the probability that the continuous sample was in the parallel pipette around this lattice point and therefore they all have the same and its uniform and it's the distribution we wanted. Okay, so now about the framework based on this example the the contribution of this framework is to generalize the previous process on two components. The first one being the rounding operation where we use the round off algorithm and the second one being target distribution. Okay, so first the rounding operation how do we generalize it? We introduce the following definition of regular algorithm so we say that some algorithm A is regular when A of X plus Y is A of X plus Y, Y outside of the argument if Y is the last point. So you may recognize that the round off algorithm is a regular algorithm and there are other examples such as the nearest plane algorithm and any exact TDP solver. So why did this definition? It's because we have the following interesting property for L regular algorithms that is if you define T to be the pre-image of zero by this algorithm and you take all the translations by lattice points of this style then you get a periodic tessellation of the space. So I'll just take an example. If you take the round off T is going to be the center of parallel pipettes spanned by the bases and its translations is going to give the first picture here and so this covers the whole space and there's no tessellation between the parallel pipettes therefore it's tessellation okay. Now the second picture is the tessellation induced by the nearest plane algorithm and the third picture is the tessellation induced by an exact TDP solver so known as the Voronoi tessellation. Okay so this is what we wanted from the rounding process for the first component and now we move on to the second component which is target distribution. So we'll deal with the density of the target distribution by introducing these quadratic functions. Okay so we're given a prototype T and a function omega in Rn from omega in Rn to Rn and we say that the function f is t square modic if for all x for which this equation will make sense we have that the mean value of f over t plus x is f of x so in particular if you take x is 0 the mean value of f over t is going to be f of 0 and this should be true for any translation of of t. So yeah this may remind the definition of harmonic function where harmonic function are supposed to verify the mean value property over L2 balls for any center or any radius and yeah okay I'll just move on to illustration of square modicity what it means geometrically so okay you have here two pictures of graphs of square modic functions and as you can see there the blue dot is laying on the graph of the function and it takes a specific okay so the x and y coordinates of the blue dot is invariant of the tile where the tile is the red square so the mean value of the function over the red square is the z component of the blue dot and wherever you move around the red square it's always going to be the value of the mean value of the function on this tile is always going to be the z component of the blue dot okay so now I move on to some examples of square modic functions so first we have this very interesting property that follows from the linearity of the integral where the set of square modic functions for given prototype t is a vector space and this will be useful so examples the first example is quite trivial it's constant functions since the mean value of the constant is a constant and the value in a specific point is always constant so yeah this is quite a trivial example but it means that uniform distributions are square modic and this is the example I gave in the beginning so yeah now I move on to the next example where we have linear forms t square modic for any symmetrical tile which geometrically makes sense since its graph is a hyperplane and if you take the mean value over a symmetrical tile it's going to be the value in the middle of the tile and therefore this is going to be square modic and as it's a vector space you can add a linear form and a constant function and you get the density of what we call a find of what we call a fine distributions okay the next two examples are not really geometrically meaningful so I'll just summarize we have four types of distributions they are square modic the constant functions which give uniform the affine distributions affine product distribution and exponential distributions okay so now I move on to describing the framework probably speaking so we have a lattice L an algorithm A a description of tau of L and distribution D of density F defined on a support omega prime omega subset of omega prime and finally we have a target vector C in space so the sampling goes as follows first you sample from the continuous distribution D which give you a sample Y then you round Y plus C using the algorithm A some point X on the lattice and then there's the rejection sampling step where you reject X if X minus C is not in a omega okay so and we have the following result which is if the four conditions listed here are verified then X follows the distribution D translated by C discretized on the lattice L and this is exactly what we were aiming for so yeah okay so yeah about the conditions now so the first condition basically says that you can sample from D and this is an abduce condition for a first step of the sampling so okay now the second condition is that A is L regular and it induces a dissolution of prototype T we ask that F is T is harmonic for the third condition for the prototype of A and so together the second and the third condition they ensure that the distribution D is such that the rounding of D waving hands the rounding of D is the same as the discretization of D where rounding is taken with respect to A and so this is pretty much a step where this grid goes since D didn't work out so well because they don't verify these things and therefore the something wasn't exact and yeah the didn't work out so well now the fourth step is that the fourth condition is that we ask for omega plus T to be a subset of omega prime and this is a condition that prevents the blue dot problem from happening since all the points within omega so the points that we want to sample from in the discrete in the discrete sampling their tile or their polypiped in the example is within the continuous support so just a quick note about the rejection rate so there's a lot of information here but the main takeaway is that you have a drawing on the left of what the so-called acceptance volume is and the acceptance rate is the probability of this thing for the continuous something and in the example I gave in the beginning this gives something like r to the n divided by r plus the infinity norm of T to the n and this is going to be a constant for n proportional to n and to the infinity norm of T infinity norm of T meaning that it's the maximum infinity norm of a vector in T okay so next slide is a table that summarizes the expected L2 norm for the instantiations so in rows you have regular algorithms in columns you have distributions okay so there are a few things to notice here so first if you take the round of algorithm there's always going to be a factor S1 of B that's going to be the length of the basis factor for this algorithm algorithm sorry for the nearest plane it's going to be S1 of B tilde which is the GSO of B and for the exact CDP it's going to be covering radius okay now in columns pretty much as you can see all but one distributions have a factor n squared in front of the the sides of the basis and yeah this is much bigger than the GV Klein sampler and Piker sampler which had a root n factor but this can somewhat be explained by the fact that we measure we measure the L2 norm of distributions that are more suited to different norms so for example if you take the L infinity norm of the infinity uniform something you get something like n to the 1.5 times S1 of B or S1 of B tilde and well this is still a factor n bigger but only a factor n bigger and you would get something similar for all the instantiations here if you use the appropriate norm for measuring the output okay so there's a few open questions about how this work lives so first about commonicity so the question is given T what are the solutions for F for the squamonic equation so we know that for harmonic functions which verify stronger hypothesis equation it's equivalent to there's infinitely many harmonic functions and we wonder if there's infinitely many solutions infinitely many more distributions to be sampled using this technique and yeah if we find more squamonic functions we find more instantiations and maybe there will be some improvement on the quality of the output yeah the other thing the other open question is about the size of the output so as I said it's a main drawback of the sampler so the question is can we improve the size of the of the output you could think that of many ways to improve it actually so for example what you can do is when you build omega prime omega prime is just a thicker omega maybe you can make it not as wide as we do in which case you would lose the exact something trait but you would improve the size of the output and there may be some tradeoffs like that you can find to improve the size of the output ok so now finally to conclude why is this framework better than pi cut sampler it's not better but it's different in a number of ways so for example pi cut and client sampler they sample from the distribution that is close to the discrete Gaussian whereas we sample from exactly from those non Gaussian distributions instead yeah and also whereas the Gaussian distribution is suitable to the L2 norm we offer distributions that are suitable to different norms just a quick mention there's a way rather involved to sample exactly from the discrete Gaussian which I didn't mention before ok ok next the size of the output is bigger for our sampler than the discrete Gaussian color parts and finally the client pi cut sampler they give a precision with tradeoff so if you increase if you decrease the width you decrease the precision of the sampling we offer a runtime width tradeoff instead so you could sample from a very narrow distribution where you would take exponentially many time to sample ok and that's about it thanks for watching and bye


to our spot and Hang out for a bit today. Maybe you have a bonfire there. I don't know Commander What are your orders for today? really again Our and our main rest and relaxation. That's the orders Chevy Chevy Chevy tell me tell me Do you approve of these orders? Are you okay with that? He is the commander. It's not like we have a lot of choice, man Weiner R&R today, man. That's the orders All right How you doing? How you doing anything to say to the good people? No, nothing It's gonna be a lot of rest and relaxation About daddy. I'm with dad. I'm with dad.  Oh You want to go run around?  Come here. Come on Chevy Chevy. Come here. Play down, but All fun and games try not to poke his eye out, okay All right, good boys, be careful with each other. All right, that doesn't mean we can't have fun in wrestle Don't work let's play without barking. Okay. We don't have to yell to play All right, it's a thing we can play without yelling Oh boy, oh boy, oh boy, and there we go This is what we do you guys are hairy Just got the basic wash today It's gonna get dirty right away again We usually we get the best car wash best one we can but not today. It's a mess out here I just want to clean the car off to get some of the salt off right it's never a waste washing a vehicle because Even though more dirt will get onto the vehicle the salt and dirt that was already here is gone So there won't be as much But it is a constant battle keeping your vehicle clean in wintertime. That's for sure Yeah the good old automobile massage giver, but I Don't think there's anything quite as bright as the sun glaring off Messy roads slushy rows and what you were supposed to wait for me, but I Had the right of way I Take the side streets back or the residential streets back so that my vehicle doesn't get as dirty right away again But like you saw when that guy rips around those vehicles Sprayed my windshield full.   I just want to keep my vehicle clean The winter won't let me Can't really complain though because the weather is really good today. That's why it's so messy. Everything's melting It's unseasonably warm again reflecting downfall deadfall out here bring to the bonfire Stuff like this. It's all very dry Crispy and dead burns great. There's a lot of it No need for firewood. I have plenty of it Man make fire Hey chubby Hey chubby. Oh, sorry, buddy. No, no, that's for me. That one's for me Okay, you want that one? Can you take it?  Take it.  I'm gonna take it if you don't okay. I'm taking it There it's yours. So we're trying to keep this fire going Birds dad and step mom came out join us for a little bit. We're trying to convince them to buy land out here, too I think we've almost got them. I think it's just this close This close or just build here. Yeah There's a wild chainsaw over there. It's floating He's got his camera close. Oh there. Oh, he's right there There's just a face and a floating a Floating chainsaw It's got the fancy GM out here wieners and buns It's got all kinds of cool stuff in here. Look at this this thing swings out somehow I don't know how he does it. Oh, oh, look at this swing case That's cool He's got all the fancy stuff. He works at GM a so he gets all the fancy stuff He's got a tree stand here all his hunting stuff. All it needs is a wiener So what happened while we were gone diesel you want to tell the people or should I I Get when you talk about evening diesel Jumped the gate. We have a gate in front of the door where he's not supposed to go He jumped the gate and while he did that he busted one of the door hinges On our bedroom door here and I had to fix it now I sort of had to screw the screws in crooked because he had stripped the holes or whatever So I fixed it but I made him watch the whole time Diesel come here. Were you bad? I was disappointed man. I trusted you I told you not to do that and you did it anyway Not cool Not cool, man. It's a good thing. We love you so much, you know I made him watch me the whole time I was fixing it and he had to come out to the shed with me to get the tools to fix it too If you had thumbs I would have made you fix it yourself You broke our door, man How he show a tidy bang not to figure something else out for next time, right? It was small. It was fixable though. We forgive you. Yeah So we had a pretty good bonfire out there. I Still smell like bonfire.   Yeah, all is forgiven. All's forgiven bud Just don't wreck the house anymore. Okay Let's go see you too.   The golden retriever is strong in this one He's half golden retriever half german shepherd half. We're not too sure Half something right Chevy. I'm big and wild She's a big wild wolf.  Weasel is a very good dog as well. He just gets into trouble a little bit more often, doesn't he? That's okay It's okay. It's all fixable So, uh, yeah, we ended up watching John Wick 2 and 3 yesterday and great movies I would recommend them. I'll give them a little review For what it's worth less than five cents I think their fight scenes are way too drawn out in the second and third ones The first one was the best but the second one and John Wick 3 The fight scenes just go on and on and on and on And they throw them through this window and throw them through that window and oh they break through the floor They get up. They're still fighting. They only got a scratch That's the only Critic or critique I'd have of the video is a very very good one And I'm pretty sure there's gonna be a John Wick 4 coming up. I don't go check it out if you want If you've got nothing else to do It's a pretty good movie. So I've just been taking it easy this weekend and relaxing I hope you guys have been able to do the same This next week is going to be exciting Starting new things It's going to be new beginnings new chapters a lot of training Going to be learning to do things that I haven't done before And you're going to be doing some trucking. I'm excited about that I can finally get the the smell of diesel fumes in the morning again And not not those diesel fumes. I like the actual diesel fumes better. It's going to be good Take care everybody. We'll see you tomorrow


So today guys I bring you 10 of the best weapons in this game, these range from melee weapons to guns, to even unarmed gloves, which add a blaze to your combat. How's it going guys, my name's DPJ and if you enjoyed the video leave a like, really helps out and if you like what you see and want to see more by your mutant, be sure to subscribe. So this video consists of 10 amazing, must get, ultimate well, mostly ultimate weapon, you need to get your hands on, or 10 will be timestamped in case you want to skip certain ones you may already have, those timestamps you'll find link below, but let's get into it people. So in no particular order here, first up guys we have the unarmed blazing gloves. What these basically do is add heat to your unarmed melee combat. So the quest for these starts with an NPC called Boom and this quest isn't short at all, but within this quest what it does is actually open up a couple of other weapons which we'll get on to later on today in the video, and I'll explain a little further. So this quest sees you doing a few things for Boom, but quickly you are sent to go and get Pooh from another NPC called Moog, Moog asks you to travel the map and take out a few mini bosses. These are important as these mini bosses also give you a vault key at the same time, which opens up vaults for other weapons featured today. So do what Moog asks of you and upon taking out a couple of bosses and returning to him, he rewards you this amazing prosthetic armour which is grabbed from the box behind him, then guys speak to him and buy that Pooh from his inventory. Once you've done this return to Boom. Once you are at Boom you are rewarded these amazing blazing gloves which again are picked up right from him. So yes, these are absolutely incredible. Try them out and tell me what you think. Next up we have the Contagion, Flurps Cruxes. This gun type weapon is obtained from a vault, which you can see on screen now. Now we'll mention vaults mostly require you to kill a boss to get a key to open up said vault like I mentioned earlier, but there are certain vault bosses tied to side quests, like I believe this one is. If the side quest hasn't been picked up by yourself, then normally the vaults are already open for you to loot. I think it may be a bug, but it's been the case for me numerous times. So if you head to these locations and where you see the boss within that area on that mini map, if he doesn't spawn in, just circle the area for a couple of minutes, head back to the vault and collect that loot. Ok so next up guys we have the Cain, Butterbug. This one is located within the Bang Shelter 11E, north west of the map. Head to this location you can see me going to on screen now and loot this entire shelter. There is tons of loot here people, but I will stay within the main room as a mini boss here who will have to take it out to get this weapon. Next up guys we have this insane Flaming Sword, known as the pre-mergeal sword. These two handed slash weapon heats like a truck and is a must get for sure. So the quest for this starts at the lighthouse you can see on the screen now via the map. Firstly you have to climb to the top of this lighthouse, once here you have to maneuver the light until it focuses on a cave. You then have to head to that cave and do a simple puzzle, and for this you are rewarded this amazing melee weapon. Next up guys we have the Knuck, Oomph, one handed slash weapon, one of my personal favourites for my saboteur. This is another one of those vault weapons like I mentioned earlier. The boss in which drops this vault key is titled that Moog quest in which you should have this key to already if you went ahead and got the Blazing Gloves quest I covered first today.  So circle the area if no boss spawns, head to the vault and test your luck. Ok so next up guys we have the Lump, Pinhandle, Rolling Pin. So this awesome flaming one handed slash weapon is obtained from an NPC called Lump you can find on the map right here. When you first go to him you have to run a few errands for him but it's mostly like 5 or 10 minutes and it's literally the easiest stuff I've done in this game. Once you are done head back, talk to Lump and you are rewarded with this amazing weapon. Next up guys we have the incredible Sparkatron Hypix Grunt Rifle, one of my favourite guns in the game. So this one is another vault weapon and it's another vault tied to that Moog quest we've already covered. And if you skipped that quest and didn't grab that quest from Moog, this boss won't spawn in for you but again it doesn't matter because if you circle the area a couple of times the vault should just open up for you to grab this loot.  Next up we have the Carrot Handle Infected Carrot which is a biohazard crush weapon and is amazing. So this weapon is tied to a side quest called Walking Village which you grab from Chubsa on the map right here. This quest sees you having to enter a ranch which I will add, you will need to have a resistance radiation for this one. Once in the ranch, travel down the stairs beneath the earth where you will have to take out a few enemies, then grab a carrot and return to Chubsa. Upon doing this you will understand why this is called Walking Earth and for this quest when it's done you grab the weapon from behind, this NPC Chubsa. Ok so next up guys we have my favourite gun in the game bar none, it's called the Hyphrule Zapper and it is unreal guys, a must have. So this weapon is a vault weapon again meaning you have to take out a boss to get that vault key. So the boss on location of this vault you can see on the screen now, this does require you to have a resistance to Hypoxia to get this thing, I personally played it smart without any resistance but it took me ages to do so, it's probably easier and faster to get a Hypoxia resistance so I recommend you do that. So do what you gotta do guys and get this thing. The last list of the guys we have is the Shruk Gungmiss which is a heavy crush weapon. This is another vault weapon guys but this one is probably the easiest of the lot, it requires no resistance, you just have to travel to where I am on the map right here, then use your old world clunk fist to take out the wall and you are good to just kill this boss, grab that vault key and head to the vault. And there we have it guys, 10 amazing weapons you need to have in Biomutant. If you enjoyed the video leave a like really helps out, if you're new around here want to see more Biomutant be sure to subscribe and if you never want to miss a video I upload can turn notifications on by hitting that bell button but guys thanks as always for stopping by and hopefully I'll see you on that next one.


I am Prashant Vishwanath Dinshati, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering from Vajchanth Institute of Technology, Sallapur. Today, I am here to explain you about the shear force and bending moment for a simply supported beam carrying uniformly varying load. The learning outcome of today's lecture is the students will be able to understand the behavior of simply supported beam under uniformly varying load and they can diagrammatically represent the shear force and bending moment of a simply supported beam with we will see a beam having a uniformly varying load or a triangular load. As the load is symmetric the reactions will be equal that is equal to total load divided by 2. So, the load will be now area of this loading diagram. So, the loading diagram is a triangular and the load will be one half base into height that is one half base is L into height is W. So, it is one half W into L and it is divided by 2 as we have the two supports. So, it is r A is equals to r B is W L by 4. Now, take a section at a distance of x from A find the rate of loading of this A x D that is x D. So, we can use similarity triangle. So, the triangle will be O C A. So, in this triangle to find x D we are using similarity properties of that triangle. So, O C upon A C. So, this O C upon A C is L by 2 is equals to x D upon x. So, x D upon x therefore, x D is equals to O C divided by L by 2 into x. So, but O C is having intensity W. So, putting that value W divided by L by 2 into x is equals to 2 W upon L into x. So, this ordinate or this vertical ordinate will be 2 W L upon x. Now, load on length A x of the beam is equals to area of this bending moment diagrams. So, now we will consider this load triangular load how much it is we will calculate that it is one half base into height one half base is x height is x D. So, one half into x into 2 W upon L into x. So, it is equals to W by L into x square and the load is acting at a distance of x by 3 from x. So, the resultant force acting on the left portion of the section acting upward is treated as positive.  So, f x is reaction that is W L by 4 minus W by L into x square that is equation number 1. Now, the equation shows that the shear force varies according to the parabolic law between A and C because there is a x square term. Now, we will find out the shear force putting the value of x. So, at x is equals to 0. So, the shear force will be f A. So, putting that x value in this equation number 1. So, f A is equals to W L by 4 minus W by L into 0 square. So, it is W L by 4 as it is a positive value we have to draw it above the base line W L by 4. Now, again we will find out the shear force at x is equals to L by 2 that is shear force at C that is f C is equals to W L by 4 minus W by L into x square means L by 2 bracket square. So, here W L by 4 minus W L by 4 is equals to 0. So, now we will have this diagram following the parabolic law. So, this diagram will be like this. Now, again the shear force at B. So, it will be minus R B. So, it is minus W L by 4 here. So, it is drawn below the base line and again this is connected by the parabolic curve. Now, state whether the statement is true or false the shear force diagram of a simply supported beam with uniformly varying load follows cubic law. Here pause the video and try to write answer on a paper. It is false because if you see the equation the shear force diagram varies with the parabolic law as per the equation of shear force. Now, we will find out the bending moment. So, again considering the section at x d. So, the bending moment at any section between A and C at a distance of x from end A. So, it is given by m x is equals to R A into x. So, this is the clockwise moment positive and this load will be anticlockwise. So, it is minus load on length A x into x by 3 because x by 3 is the c g of this triangular load. So, m x is equals to W L by 4 into x minus W by L into x square into x by 3. So, now the bending moment will bend in such a manner that it will have concavity at the top. So, the bending moment is positive. So, to find the bending moment at various section putting the value of x at x is equals to 0 bending moment at A is equals to W L by 4 into 0 and minus W by L into 0 will get 0. And at B x is equals to L also bending moment is 0 because we know that bending moment at simply support and at free end of the cantilever is always 0. At C at x is equals to L by 2 bending moment at C is equals to W L by 4 into this putting this value L by 2 that L by 2 minus W by L into L by 2 bracket square into this x by 3 means L by 2 into 3 that is L by 6. So, solving this we will get W L square by 12. So, we have to plot this ordinate at the top of the baseline as it is positive and we have to join all these three points following the cubic law of the curve. The maximum bending moment occurs at the center of the beam where shear force changes the sign that is at C and that maximum bending moment is also W L square by 12. Now, we will see one more beam which is having a triangular load that is 0 intensity at one end and W intensity at the other end. So, here now the load is unsymmetric. So, we have to find out the reaction by taking moment about A. So, taking moment about A this R B into L is equals to because anticlockwise moment is equals to clockwise moment. So, R B into L is equals to this triangular load is one half base into height that is L into W and it is acting at two-third of L. So, from A it will be two-third of L. So, therefore R B will be W L by 3.  So, total load on beam is again triangular load one half base into height that is W L by 2 minus this reaction is W L by 3. So, solving this we will get R A is equals to W L by 6. Now, again we will consider any section at a distance of x from A. So, the ordinate is again calculated by using similar to triangle O B and A. So, here W upon L. So, W upon L is equals to this x c upon x x c upon x hence x c is equals to W by L into x. So, this ordinate is W by L into x.  So, R A is W L by 6 minus x by 2 into W x upon L. So, F x is W L by 6 minus W x square upon 2 L. So, the above equation shows that the shear force varies according to parabolic law. Now, F x is equals to W L by 6 minus W x square upon 2 L this is equation number 1. So, we have to find out shear force at various points at x is equals to 0 then F A is equals to putting x value 0 here it is W L by 6 at x is equals to L F B is equals to W L by 6 minus W L square upon 2 L is equals to. So, solving this we will get F B is equals to minus W L by 3. So, taking this W L by 6 above the baseline as it is positive and W L by 3 as it is negative taking below the baseline and we have to join this by a parabolic curve. Now, we have to find out where the shear force is 0 or where shear force changes the sign to have the maximum bending moment. So, to find this value where shear force is 0 putting F x is equals to 0 in equation 1. So, 0 is equals to W L by 6 minus W x square upon 2 L. So, taking this negative term on the left hand side and solving we will get x square is equals to L square upon 3 therefore, x is equals to L by root 3. So, it is equals to 0.577 L. So, this is L by root 3. So, bending moment diagram. So, again we have to find out the bending moment. So, the bending moment equation is R A into x minus load on length A x into it is C g that is x by 3. So, M x is W L by 6 into x minus W x square upon 2 L into x by 3. So, this is your M x equation. Now, this M x equation shows that it follows the cubic law and the maximum bending moment occurs where shear force become 0 after. So, we will find out the bending moment at various point. So, we know the equation M x is equals to W L by 6 into x minus W x cube upon 6 L. So, putting the value at x is equals to L by root 3 to find the maximum bending moment. So, W L by 6 into L by root 3 minus W upon 6 L into L upon root 3 bracket cube. So, solving this we will get M x that is maximum bending moment where shear force changes the sign is W L square upon 9 root 3. So, these are the references which I have referred. Thank you very much for watching my video.