Hello everyone. Good afternoon. Hope you're enjoying DefCon as well as I am. So my talk is about Androsia, which is a tool for securing data in process for your Android applications. So if I had to explain what Androsia is doing in a couple of lines, it's basically providing you the features of a proactive garbage collector.  So they only kick in when your application is memory constrained and they will reclaim memory from objects which are unreferenced. But with Androsia, you will be able to reclaim memory from objects immediately after their last use. So this is helpful because if you have a lot of sensitive information lying around in your heap memory, as soon as it is last used, Androsia is going to kick in and collect all that sensitive information from your application and replace the memory contents with the default values. So your sensitive data will not remain on the memory anymore. So before we begin, a little bit about myself. I'm Samith. I work for the product security team at Citrix. I'm a web and mobile application security enthusiast.  So yeah, a little bit of contact information in case you want to contact me. So starting off, the first question for you is which one of these is the most difficult to protect? Number one data at rest, number two data in process or number three data in motion? So arguably, I would say that it's number two. Why? Because the least number of solutions in the market are for number two. Because this is a very gray area. You know, EMM providers do not really understand how to protect data in process. Data at rest is very simple. You use any ciphers and then protect your data. Data in motion can be protected using TLS. However, data in process is still a mystery for most of us. So this tool targets number two. And we'll see how. Yeah. So I'm going ahead. So Java creates a lot of objects or Android itself creates a lot of objects on the heap, right? And the objects may contain a lot of sensitive information which may include your authentication credentials, authorization tokens, and encryption decryption keys, pins, ODPs, and personally identifiable information. So as and when the application is executing, all of these will be on your heap memory. So the developers want to ensure that they get rid of all the sensitive information as soon as it is last used in the program. So the myth is that the garbage collector will eventually collect it.  It will not come into the picture or it will not collect all your data until it is essential for it because unless your application is memory constrained, it will not come into the picture. And even if it does, right, its scope is very limited. So this is something which is called as an object tree on the heap and how garbage collectors actually does a collection is using mark and sweep algorithm. So it will start off from the root nodes which are called GC root. And from the GC root it traverses the object tree using depth first search and keeps on marking all the objects that are reachable. In the sweep phase of the direct garbage collector's collection process, it is going to find out all the objects on the heap which are unreachable and it is going to collect only those objects. So when a developer is writing code, he may forget to unreference some objects which may be these ones which are in the circle. And garbage collector will not collect these set of objects just because they are reachable from the GC roots. And these objects may contain sensitive information and they are going to lie around in your application throughout the lifetime of your application until the application is terminated. So this is where Androzia kicks in. It will clean off all the unused but reachable objects in your memory. So to summarize what I've been talking about until now, reachable and unused string builder objects may contain sensitive information. So throughout the course of this presentation I'm going to specifically talk about string builder objects as an example. But this framework is extend extendable to any other kind of objects as well. So reachable and unused string builder objects may contain sensitive information and a heap dump or an application compromise will help an attacker to reveal that sensitive information easily. So don't just rely on the garbage collector to collect all that information but instead destroy by overriding all the critical data that you have in the application. So with that in mind, we do have some solutions provided by Java libraries which allow you to destroy objects that are created on the heap. One of them is the key store dot password protection class and this class provides a destroy method which can be used to destroy the objects content.  He may use it at a very late stage in the program or he may not even use it at all. So ideally we want to automate this process. We don't want to rely on the developer to destroy our data. Our data should be in our hands, not the developer's hands. You know, this is where Androsia will again automate that process and instrument code to remove or destroy any object that has critical information. So how does Androsia help? So Androsia uses static code analysis and it determines the last use of objects at a whole program level. If I had to be specific, it uses a summary-based interprocedural data flow analysis. So there are three terms here, three key terms. One is summary-based, second is interprocedural and the third one is data flow analysis. So static code analysis power is just not gripping data and giving you information about what the Android applications permissions are or whatever stuff. It comes from data flow analysis. So every statement in your program has some data to contribute and that data needs to be propagated across all the statements in your application and every statement could probably add or remove some data from the data flow sets that are going on. So that's how powerful data flow analysis is. It'll help you perform any sort of data-related analysis, which may include even taint analysis. So that's what, that's where the power of static code analysis is, you know, better used. What I mean by a summary-based interprocedural analysis is that this is a whole program analysis. This is not just analyzing a specific method and every method when it is analyzed, the analysis results can be maintained or cached in a summary. The reason for that is that a particular method, let's say foo, can be called from multiple locations. And if you have already computed the summary for foo, you may want to reuse that computed summary instead of, you know, computing it again and again whenever the method is called. So that's why we use summary as a cache for storing our analysis results for a specific method. And after we have determined the last usage point of a particular object, we are going to instrument byte code to clear its memory content. So to give you a very simple example, I have statements numbered 1 to 10 here. And there is a definition of variable X at statement number 3. And then there is a use of variable X at statement number 5. So between statement number 3 and 5, since the variable is defined and used, I can say that the variable is live. But before statement number 3, the variable X wasn't even defined and neither was it used. So it is said to be dead between 1 and 3. And now at 7, the variable X gets redefined. And then reused at 8. So between 7 and 8, the variable is again live. However, between 5 and 7, the variable won't be live. It has been defined, but it is not being used. So this is just to give you an idea about how liveness of a variable looks like. And we're going to use it further ahead when we are seeing how Androsia really works and how it computes the liveness sets and how it then infers the last user's point. So basically, if you have a span of definition and usage between that span, a variable is going to be live. So this is a snapshot of the heap dump taken using Eclipse memory analyzer toolkit. So I had this sample code which contained a static field which is called static secret and it contained a password. And it shows up in the heap dump. And after the optimization or after the instrumentation, the static secret does not contain any password at all because Androsia has successfully removed the password from the heap memory. So in order to give you an overview where Androsia would fit in, is that a user could provide an application or source code to Androsia server. And Androsia server can then unpack the application to Dalvik byte code. And the Dalvik byte code gets converted into Jimple code. Now, Jimple is an intermediate representation. Just like Smali, it is an intermediate representation which takes good from both the words. It takes good from the Dalvik byte code as well as good from the Java high level language as well. So Jimple is basically a mixture of Java and it is simple. So they call it Jimple. So Jimple has only 15 different kind of statements. Unlike Java, which has a lot of complicated structures and different kind of statements, even Dalvik byte code has like 200 different op codes. So Jimple has only a precise number of statements which is 15. And you know, it is easier to analyze when you have just 15 odd statements to play around with. And this Jimple code is then analyzed by the analysis that we have embedded into the app. And then the code instrumentation happens and then we convert the Jimple code back to Dalvik byte code. And then the Dalvik byte code is packaged again and signed or we could just provide the analysis results to the user. So this is the entire flow of how will you eventually use Androsia. So an important fact that I should also mention here is that the framework which is called suit, which is the backbone of Androsia can be used to perform any sort of data flow analysis. It's not just the analysis that I have done. So I'm going to talk about suit next and it can be used, you know, you can build your own data flow analysis over suit. So suit is basically static. So it's a framework for Java byte code analysis. It can be used to implement your own analysis as well. It provides this three address code representation called Jimple and it looks something like this. So for the example, I have an if statement here. And in any line of Jimple code, you will not see more than three operands in one line. So you have R1, null and label zero here. So it is very simple to view, you know, it's not like Java that you can have a lot of complicated structures in one statement itself. And this diagram shows you that the suit framework itself takes in the Java source code or the class files and converts it into Jimple three address intermediate representation.  So until recently, actually, you know, as I talked about that we are going to do an inter procedural analysis. So suit also provides you the ability to perform an intra procedural analysis. So until now until recently, suit was missing a Dalvik to Jimple transformation module. And now that has that void has been fulfilled. And that void has been fulfilled by a plugin called Explorer, which allows you to transform Dalvik to Jimple code. So it makes it easier for you to analyze any Android application. Okay, so there's one more tool that I want to, you know, talk about here, which is called flow droid. Now flow droid allows you to generate a dummy main method, because unlike Java, Android does not have Android applications do not have a main method. And to start your data flow analysis, you need a starting point. And this dummy main method acts like a starting point for your data flow analysis. The dummy main method actually connects all the Android lifecycle callbacks. So it gives you, you know, since Android applications are event driven, they can be, you know, invoked by any other, any callback method. So there's no specific method where, you know, you can ensure that this is where my starting point will be. However, flow droid will, you know, plug in every Android lifecycle callback to your starting method, which is, which will be the dummy main method. So that way you can start your data flow analysis from a single point. Okay, so, so objects can, you know, exist in various scopes. They can either exist as a local variable inside a method. For example, I have XYZ variables here, which contain eventually the string builder objects. And their scope is limited to this method foo only. They're not used outside this method anywhere. So this is one simple example, which I'm going to take or, you know, it'll be a walkthrough example throughout the course of this presentation. So this example will be recurring. And I have a variable X here, which I'm instantiating with a string builder object. So basically X will be referring to the string builder, which contains the value secret. Y will be referring to the string builder, which contains the value password. And there's some logic here, which I'm going to, you know, I'll just add it for the sake of explaining things. So the scope could be either as a local variable, or it, or your objects could even exist as static fields of a class. And this is completely different because, you know, the scope of a static field is the entire program. It's not just a specific method. So X, the value X can be invoked from anywhere else using the class name, which is my class. So this is how you will invoke variable, sorry, this is how you will invoke variable X. And this invocation can happen in any other method, which is bar in my case. So the scope, you know, becomes the entire program. Or you can have objects as instance field. Here you can see that I have a private access modifier specified for instance field X inside the my instance field string builder class. So the scope of this variable X will now be limited to the scope of the object of this class, my instance field SB. Okay. So coming to the demo, I have three classes here. And one of them is the main activity where my control will begin. And this is where the secret has been defined. And then I'm calling the use static field method. And the use static field method uses the static secret and then calls bar method. And inside the bar method, I'm again using the static secret. So if I had to, you know, just ask you guys to point out the last usage of the static secret, it would be like inside the bar method, right here. So the instrumentation should happen immediately after the system.out.println statement of static secret. That's correct. But you know, there can be loops as well. Like this statement could be inside a for loop. And then the instrumentation point will not be immediately after static secret. It will be right before the return statement of bar method. If there's a loop outside, outside the call to the bar method, then your instrumentation will happen here. Why is that? Because if you instrument it within the loop, then your logic of the application will break. And you don't want that to happen. So we'll see an example, actually a demo on it, which is on the next slide. So this is the same code which I showed you on the last slide. I have a password string builder object being created, which contains the value password. And then I'm calling the use static field method here. Now we'll see the definition of the use static field. The use static field is using the static secret and calling bar method. And inside the bar method, we have again use static secret. And then we have two print statements which are printing hello and bye. So if you see the instrumentation point should be right now, just after the last use of static secret, which is online 20. So let's run the tool on this. So this is how the dummy main method looks like. You see it in the stack trace. Get that gets printed out. And right now the output format is set to Jimple so that we can see where the instrumentation is happening. You can even set it to Dalvik bytecode so you'll get a dex format as an output. All right, we're in the on create method, but we need to go to the bar method, right? So inside the bar method. So can we pause the video, please? So you'll see that right here, you have the print line statement for static secret. This is the static secret reference variable, which is an R2. And you're printing the value of R2. And from line number 30 to 34 is where the code from Androsia that has been instrumented. So what I'm doing here is that I'm getting a reference to the static secret field. I'm calculating the length of the static secret field. And I'm using the delete API from zero to the length of the static secret to remove it's clear its memory content. So the instrumentation point right now is right after the print line statement for static secret, which is the correct instrumentation point. So can we resume the video, please? Now what we're going to do is that we're going to remove the for loop here. We're going to uncomment the for loop here. And now the instrumentation point will not be between will not be actually right up to the static secret statement, but it will be right before the by statement here, the system.outdient.print line for the by keyword. So yeah, that's because you don't want to instrument within the loop because in the next iteration of the loop your resetted value will be used, which will break the logic of the code. So this time the instrumentation, which is from 31 to 34, 33 is happening right before the print statement for by, which is the right instrumentation point. And Androsia is smart enough to figure out if there is a loop, it can hoist the instrumentation point outside the loop. So that's the main idea that I want to convey here. And that goes on for any level of nested for loops. You know, you can have the bar method being called from a for loop like this. And then the instrumentation point will change to somewhere in between, somewhere just before returning the use static field method. So the return statement would be somewhere here in the simple code. And the instrumentation point will be right before the return statement. This is the use static field. And right before the return statement of the use static field, you'll find the instrumented code from line number 73 to 74, 75, actually, even 77. So this is the part which is get which gets instrumented just before the return statement. So you see that the instrumentation points are changing according to the loops that you have inside the code, which is, you know, which may not be because of nested loops, it may be even because of recursion of a specific method. So Androsia will be smartly identifying if there is a recursion or loops and changing the instrumentation points accordingly. So we've seen how Androsia is doing or performing the instrumentation, but we really don't know what is the logic behind that, how what is the algorithm that is running behind us Androsia. So to come to that, first, let's identify what information can a single statement provide us. So there is every line of statement has some of the other data to add, right? And the data that we are concerned about here is called liveness data. So the next few slides are going to talk about the live variable analysis definition and how we compute the summary for every method, which is going to look something like this. It will be a two tuple combination. Basically, the first tuple will be the variable. So the summary of foo method will tell you that the variable X was last used in the statement if y dot length is less than x dot length. It'll be something like this. So for every variable, you will have, you know, two tuple element. And the summary will tell you how many variables are there and what is the last usage point of every variable inside it. So to compute the summary, we have a two-step process. One is to use, one is to compute the definition and use sets for every statement. Then using the definition in use sets, we are going to compute live variable sets for every statement. LV entry and LV exit. And using the live variable entry and exit sets, we're going to infer the last usage point for a local or static field reference within that method. And we're going to store that as a summary. And now, once we have the summaries for every method that is analyzed by Androzia, we're going to compute the last usage point of a static field reference considering the whole program, not just within a method. Because we know that the summary will tell us that within a method, this is the last usage point of a particular local variable. But it will not tell us across the entire program where is the last used actually happening. So the summaries need to be combined and propagated across your program to infer that knowledge. So to start off with the definition of live variable analysis, live variable analysis determines for each statement which variables must have a subsequent use prior to the next definition, which is what we learned from the diagram we saw earlier, right? We had definition and use of variable X and between that span the variable was live and after that it was dead. So this is exactly what the statement is telling us. So in this particular code, the last usage point of variable X is this blue statement which is number four. And the last usage point of Y is statement number five and six because they are two different, you know, statements within the if clause. So either this one could execute or this one could execute based on the result from the if clause. And the last use of Z is statement number seven. So this is very intuitive, right? We can see it but how do you determine this using an automated way? That's the question. And it's not as easy as it seems like. So we're going to run through this same example in the next few slides and figure out how we determine the last usage points of X, Y and Z. So the last usage point of a variable is also the last statement where that variable was live. So X is last live here and it is also the last usage point of that variable X. So we're going to use this fact to determine the last usage point of every variable. So talking about the def use sets, the definition of a definition set is that it is it will contain all the variables defined in a particular statement. So in statement number one, X is being defined, so for statement one you'll have an entry X. So the use set are the set of variables that are used in a statement. So if we run through this example and compute the def use set, they will look something like this. So we start from the bottom. Z is being used here, so it will go in the use column for statement number seven. And X is being defined here, so it will go in the definition column for statement number seven. And similarly, if we keep going, it will eventually populate the entire table. So the direction of you know propagating that data or propagating the data flow facts is from bottom to top. It is the reverse order of execution of the program. So if I compute the live variable of exit of six statement, which is the last statement in my code, then it is going to be five because there is no other variable which is being used after statement number six. So this is a must like this has to be five because there is there cannot be any other variable which is used after the last statement in the code. So this is this will be an initial point for the algorithm to run. And once you compute LV exit of six, you're going to use the def use set of six to compute LV entry of six. And then you'll compute LV exit of five, then you'll compute LV entry of five, then LV exit of four, LV entry of four. Similarly, once you reach at a point where there is two branches, you're going to merge the results from LV entry three and LV entry four using a union operator. And that result will go into LV exit of two. And using LV exit of two, we are going to compute LV entry of two and so on. So that's up next. We're going to use the same example, the one we discussed for the def use set and we're going to compute these things. So if I had to give you a mathematical representation, I mean there's nothing possible without math here because data flow analysis needs to have math backing it up for proof of correctness. And without any algorithm or without some math, there's no way you can perform a data flow analysis. So the LV exit of a statement L will be five if L is the last statement of the body, which is what we discussed on the last slide. And it will be the union over the LV entry set of the successors of L. Otherwise, so if you have a merge point, we'll have to take the LV entry sets and do a union over all the entry sets to compute LV exit of L. Now once we have the LV exit of L, we're going to plug that value here and we already computed LV definition and use it for a statement L. And that's going to give us LV entry of L. Let's see this in action. So we have the diffuse columns populated. We know that the LV exit of seven statement will be five because this is the last statement. And now we're going to use this formula to compute LV entry of seven. So LV entry of seven will be five minus X union Z, which will give you Z. And then LV entry of seven will form the LV exit of six. So LV exit of six will be Z. And now Z minus Z union Y will give you Y. So you get the LV entry of statement number six as well. And so on you can populate this table iteratively and you get the entire table. Now the interesting part to note here is that if a variable disappears from the entry set to the exit set in the live variable table, like in the fourth statement we have X disappearing from the entry set to the exit set. In the fifth and sixth statement Y disappears from entry set to the exit set. And in the seventh statement we see that Z disappears from the entry set to the exit set. So those will be the corresponding numbers will be the last usage points of those variables. And that's what we were after. We've got that now. So now we're going to store all these results, the last usage point results, as the summary of foo method. And we're going to use this summary in other parts of the program when the foo method gets invoked from there. We don't want to compute this again and again and again. So let's just say that foo was, there was a method foo which calls bar and bar called baz. Okay? So and just we've already computed, let's just assume that we've already computed summaries for each of these individual methods foo bar as well as baz. And baz will tell me that the summary of baz is going to tell me that static field reference was last used at C4. The summary for bar is telling me that the static field reference was used at B5 and there was no use of SFR in foo. Now what I'm going to do is I'm going to propagate the summaries across these methods in a reverse topological order. So this is how the analysis will run and when you reach statement C4 you see that SFR is being used. What I'm going to do is create a data structure with the value baz comma SFR C4 which is going to tell me that the last use of SFR is happening at C4 statement in baz method. Okay? And once I reach, I've already analyzed, I've completed the analysis for baz method, I'm going to analyze the bar method. So the analysis happens in a reverse topological order. So if baz is the last method that is called it will be analyzed first. If bar is the second last method that is analyzed it will be, you know, if bar is the second last method that is called it will be analyzed second last. So basically foo is calling bar, bar is calling baz. Baz will be analyzed first, bar will be analyzed second and then you'll analyze foo. So here we see that SFR is being used at B5. So the LV entry will contain B5 SFR and once we reach the call statement for baz we're going to pull in the summary of baz method from here and now we're going to see whether the entries LV exit set of B3 already contains an SFR's use and it does in our case. So we're going to replace the value of this little red data structure with the new entry which will be bar SFR B5 which would mean that SFR is last used at B5 statement inside bar method. So this is how you will keep on going and updating the red data structure and once the analysis is complete over all these methods you'll realize that the red data structure will complete the last usage point of the SFR variable across the entire program. So similarly if you go ahead and see that there is a bar method invocation here you're going to pull in the summary for bar method but the exit set of A3 contains five because SFR is not being used ahead in the program inside foo method. So this summary will not be over this this particular value will not be overwritten by anything because it's just five that is being coming from the exit set of A3. We just completed our analysis and the results tell us that SFR was last being used at B5 statement inside the bar method. So this is how you know algorithmically and Rosia will run on your code and figure out what is the last usage point of any object in that application. Just to summarize we went through this definition of live variable analysis. We computed summaries for individual methods using a two-step process. One of the steps is to compute the defuse set for every statement and using the defuse set we computed the LV entry and exit sets and using the LV entry and exit sets we figured out the last usage point of every static field reference or local method and put it in a summary and eventually we use the summary to compute the last usage point for a static field reference at a whole program level. So that was too much. I mean just intuitively you can see what is the last use point but to automate that you require a lot of algorithm and math. So yeah I mean things are not easy always. So for instance field approach the approach you know for instance field is a little different. What we do is we mark all the classes which are string builder instance fields. We find their object instances. We track the last usage of object instances and their aliases instead of the string builder fields themselves. We'll actually see a demo of this again and I think that would explain this even better. So just let's see we have three classes here which is one of those main activity. This is where my control is going to start. I have a secret defined here which is a variable which is going into a variable my secret and then I'm instantiating the my class which is here and the variable that is referring to the object of my class is MC. Then we have a wrapper class I'm instantiating and the reference variable for that is W and then I have a call to the then I have a call to call W method which is defined inside the wrapper method wrapper class sorry and I'm passing the MC object instance to this call W method which is invoking set a to pass on the secret value here and this is just a setter method which is setting the value of a. So basically the secret is here then it goes here and then it gets defined in this and then it gets set in the set a method to the instance field a which is a private instance field. So in order to reset if we had to reset this private instance field we cannot just do it outside from within the on create method we need to invoke a method within the class to reset the value of a because it has been privately acts the access modifier is private so we can't you know access it outside its class. So let's just quickly jump on to the demo so the steps that I had explained on the previous slides where we mark all classes which are string builder instance fields which will be my class we find the object instances which is MC then we track the last uses of object instances which is here in the call W statement and then we instrument the code right after the call W statement and here you can see that I'm invoking a method which is reset SBA and this reset SBA is being defined in the class right here that's because I cannot access the private instance field small a within the on create method so I have to invoke this reset method alright so let's have a look at the demo pretty same code pretty much the same code I have the call W statement here where I'm passing MC and my secret and I also have the wrapper class here instantiated and the reference variable is W and I'm printing the W dot SB field so SB field is another string builder instance field of wrapper class and A and B okay we can see that so A and B will be instance fields of my class and SB will be an instance field in the wrapper class we'll see that just in a while so you can see that we have an instance field SB here in the wrapper class and I'm calling set A and passing on the secrets value to the set A method and my class has A and B as its instance fields and inside the set A method I'm setting the value of the secret to A B is nowhere used right now so inside the wrapper class you see that the method called W also has a secret defined called password and its last uses is inside the call W method so B is used here MC is last used here and W is last used here so the instrumentation point for A and B should be right after the call W statement here and the instrumentation point for the string builder SB should be right after W SB statement here the print line statement W dot SB so you see here that there's a call W method being worked and I have the reset methods being injected or instrumented right after the call W method because we were tracking MC and MC's last use was in the call W method call and after that we have reset both the instance fields and similarly for the wrapper class we had an instance field SB which is being reset right here in state statement number 58 so these reset methods are defined in the respective classes which have those instance fields so if we go to the respective classes this is this is the wrapper class and the reset method has been defined here what it's doing is the same thing it's calling the length function on the string builder it's and then it's calling the delete API to remove the content of the string builder and similarly we have reset methods for variable A and B which were the instance field in my class here we have reset SBB which is the reset method for variable B so you know we've tackled all the three scopes now we know how to deal with instance fields we know how to deal with static fields we also know how to deal with local variables so I mean we did not need to see all of this because this is too much in-depth but if you want to go ahead and implement your own static code analysis this is important stuff for you so I mean I thought it appropriate to be you know displayed here so the work in progress is basically we're working on a test to development so that we can you know get rid of the remaining bugs that we have and we're also planning to include this into the CI CD pipeline which should be straightforward and that way a lot of big companies could you know just plug in their APKs and just push it across to us and then we can just analyze those APKs and instrument the code that andro androsia you know instruments to clear the memory contents of the APK so that way it will be helpful for big corporate giants especially the enterprise mobility management companies so if you want to use androsia or you want to contribute or get in touch this is the URL you should take a note of and the tool and documentation will be available here and if you need to if you want to contribute to the tool here's my Twitter account or email you can just shoot out an email to me be on the sites so these are some good references the first three ones will get you started when it comes to creating your own data flow analysis and the last two ones are a little bit more in depth if you want to you know see how things are actually working in the background and anyways posters these slides on the website of Defconn so you can have a look at these references so that brings me to the end of my talk thank you for your time I'm really happy to speak over here on this podium I hope you'd enjoyed it thank you very much


The Speaker House of Representatives Mr. Femmick Bajabiamilar has expressed sadness over the death of Mr. Tadu Salem, the accredited Vanguard newspaper's correspondent who covered the green chamber of the National Assembly. Bajabiamilar expressed his condolences to the family of the deceased on Saturday in Abuja. He also condoled with Vanguard newspapers, the Nigerian Union of Journalists and the House of Representatives Press Corps. The Speaker said it was more painful that Salem, who he described as a vibrant and committed journalist, went missing for almost a month before his cups were discovered in an Abuja morgue. He recalled how the late Salem distinguished himself as one of the finest journalists that covered the activities of the House of Representatives for many years. He prayed for the repose of his soul and also besieged God to grant his family and colleagues the fortitude to bear the loss, adding that Salem would be sorely missed. In a similar vein, Rep Ndodi Elumelu, Minority Leader, House of Representatives, said that he received with shock and utter devastation the news of the death of Salem.


I would think that this presents an interesting time for you and your company because, like you said, we don't really know the full extent of what we're going to come out of COVID into in terms of properties being vacant and for neighborly, that seems like on the surface to be a really good opportunity. You can't necessarily take advantage or capitalize on that just yet because public gatherings are still really not allowed and not many people, I would say, are seeking that out, but on the other side of that, do you look at this as something where you're going to jump as the opportunity arises or how do you approach this kind of conundrum? Yeah, absolutely. Really good question. So I think every small business in the world, but specifically for this podcast in the United States, we have been through the ringer. We got knocked out. We had eight locations, leases, when the pandemic hit, of course, we got banned from operating and we are still more or less currently banned from operating at this point in February 2021. So it's almost been a full year without the ability to run our business and we're really small business. And I think what every small business entrepreneur has had to confront is the duality of this situation in the sense that with every wildfire or forest fire, which is what this is for small business, there is a very ripe future with fresh soil and ingredients and the ability to basically rebirth a new version of that forest. And that's what we're seeing, I think, and to look at, there's two ways to look at that wildfire of COVID-19 is like it's the end or it's the beginning. And it's certainly hard to look at it when it's burning to say, I can see the other side of it. And that was, I think, the hardest psychological part of last year for any retailer or small businesses is keeping the faith and keeping your psychology trained on the fact that this is not permanent and there will be an end. You will survive.  We lost all of our locations, all eight of them. We were in Sacramento, Los Angeles, Portland, Oregon, San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, we lost every single one of our locations pretty much overnight because we were leasing those locations. And that's three and a half years of hard work and money. Totally down the drain. We had to lay off the majority of our staff. So it was complete destruction for us and like every other business who does in real life, physical operations. And when that was all done, I sat back and looked at him like this is either the most depressing thing that has happened to me in a long time professionally or there's an opportunity in here that could be much bigger than anything we were able to access before coronavirus. And I trained my brain and kind of our team's energy and culture around the fact that whatever has happened has happened since the past, it's done. What now? What's possible going forward from this? And how can we make ourselves better as a team? How can we make a better company? How can we provide a better service for people coming out of this? Because what we are offering is going to be more in demand than ever before when this is over. Our goal is to survive long enough to see that through. And in the meantime, it's triaging what you have to do to literally stay solvent. We flirted with insolvency multiple times, found our way through that financially and barely scraped by and we're in an OK place now to keep going. But that's obviously every business's first order of operations. Get your finances straight, do whatever it takes to pull through this thing financially so that you can start to plan what the other side looks like. And we did that, thankfully, with support from the government, of course, PPP, SBA, supremely thankful for our country actually in this time. And there's a lot of ways to look at the failures of government or the confusion of government. But I would say that regardless, we pulled together pretty strong as a country and supported people as much as we could. And it certainly helped us get through that. So on the other side, the answer, kind of the silver lining, we saw that, A, there would be an incredible amount of supply that we could acquire. There would be, B, a whole host of new landlords and REITs and operators who would be interested in new models of business. And then, C, there's an entire new generation of customers of users of people who can create things in our communities that are just waiting to rebirth themselves as well and are going to need a new system in which to do that. So if we compare all three of those opportunities together, access the supply, build new landlord partnerships and then redesign our offerings to better suit the post pandemic economy, then we could potentially find a much brighter future for ourselves after this. And that's that was the way that we approached it throughout 2020 and even still now, or we're still not out of the woods yet, but we're close. Weirdly enough, it's been one of the worst things that's happened to us and the best thing that's happened to us at the same exact time. And there are a lot of entrepreneurs who I think could say the same thing because it's forced us as entrepreneurs, especially physical entrepreneurs, to digitize our beliefs, digitize our offerings, digitize our data systems, spend that quality thought time to develop those systems so that when you come out of this, you're on the channel. You've got more capabilities and understandings than you ever had before because you retooled. And so I'm excited about the future of small business in America. I'm excited about the future of retail. I'm excited for our future, of course. And it's just it's going to be a new generation for sure for creators all over the world, but especially in this country. I think there's just a crazy amount of opportunity. It's easy to look at it like devastation. But the other way to look at it, which I think is is healthy, is to say, wow, everything is possible now. Landlords who wouldn't have talked to you before will talk to you. Leases that might have cost double last year or 2019 are going to cost half. You can access opportunities, resources, business, partnerships like never before right now. And I think that's that's the bright side. And that's I think what we as a company really want to focus on and encourage our community and our creators and our network to think positively and look at all the great things that we're going to do as a country and as a community coming out of this. I love that.


Every narc victim needs to see this now. You do everything you can to please the narcissist. You do everything you can to make them happy. You try to fix their problems. You try to fix their lives. Because you're seeking their validation.  You're seeking a sense of resolve. Which they see as a weakness. They see it as a disadvantage. They see it as a fault. They see it as though you're powerless and helpless. As though you're easily persuaded into believing them. As though you refuse to admit to yourself. That something is true about them. Because you're putting them on a pedestal. If you're giving them a place to stay. If you're giving them money.     They're making fun of you. They see it as though if they're receiving acts of kindness from you. They must be very special and important. They must be very powerful. But they don't appreciate anything you give to them. Because they feel entitled to it. They already expect you to do that for them. Which is why they're never grateful for it. They don't see your kindness as a positive trait that you possess. They just see it as a positive trait of their own. Where they have managed to manipulate you. They see you as being easy to take advantage of. And to use for their own self-centered purpose. But maybe you just don't want to be alone. Maybe you don't want to be abandoned. Which then affects your good sense of judgment. Because you're acting from your fear of loneliness and abandonment. It results in you trying to go above and beyond their expectations and demands. To make them happy. To fix their situation. And that is why they don't respect you. Because they already know they don't deserve that level of treatment. They know they're not worthy of it. But they see it as though it's this weakness that you have. Because you're giving your respect to someone. Who already knows they're not deserving of it. They know they're not deserving of your love. Which is why when you try to give them your love. It results in them taking advantage of you. It results in them stringing you along. Taking you for a ride. They play these games with you. Because as long as you remain around them. They see you as a winning participant. They know you're going to chase after them. They know you're going to try to fix everything. Which is why they're so quick to point out all of these real or imaginary issues. Which is why they're so quick to push your buttons. Because they already know it's going to get a reaction out of you. They already know it's going to break you down. They already know it's going to change your way of thinking and behaving. Because now they've pulled you into their reality. They're making you chase after them. In an attempt to make sense of their ideas and perspectives. Because they know you don't want to be alone. They know you desire intimacy. They know you want a connection. Which is what they dangle above your head. Which is what they use to control you. Which is why you need to recognize your own value. You need to validate yourself. Because the narcissist has already given you their response to everything you've given to them. They've showed you how they feel when you give them money. They've showed you how they feel when you try to fix everything. When you give them privileges and special treatment. When you try to make them happy. They're showing you. Which is why you need to stop treating them like they're special. Because they're not special. They're not doing anything for you. They're not making your life better. They know they don't have the ability to do that. So they just take advantage of you instead. The narcissist is never going to change. We have to look at ourselves to make the right adjustments. We need to love ourselves. We need to put ourselves first. Or we will continue to meet these types of people. People who exploit us. People who take our money. Because these types of people are master manipulators. They have to manipulate you to survive. They cannot survive without exploiting you. Without making you believe that they have something to offer you in return. Because otherwise you wouldn't get involved with them. So they promise you something in the future. While they're playing games with you in the present.   They will do whatever you want them to do. They will follow your lead. They will cooperate with you. Because they know that's the only way they can get back in. They know that otherwise you're not going to keep them around. But they will never give you what you want. Because they don't have anything to give. They will just string you along with promises of a future. They will play games with you. Because they don't have any respect for you. It's only when they respect you. That they will give you companionship. That's the only time that they will be loyal. Because they know you have other things outside of them. They know you have other options. They know that at any moment you could leave. Because you're not putting them on a pedestal. You're not worshipping them. Because you love yourself. But when your world revolves around the narcissist. They see it as though you don't have any other options.  Because your world depends on them. So they have the power in that situation. But narcissists were never meant to have power. Because they're too childish and immature. They will only misuse it. They will only use it to make themselves feel important. And it will always be at your expense. Which is why you should not be afraid to leave the narcissist. You need to keep them on edge. Because that destroys their ego. It destroys their false sense of self-importance. It brings them back to reality. When they see that you can find someone else who will treat you right. Because the narcissist doesn't really value you. They just want your attention and validation. They just want your money. They just want whatever conveniences you have to offer to them. But you should be in control of that.  They're just going to take advantage of you. Because they can see that you have a strong desire for something. You want a connection. You want a relationship. Which is why you should never reveal your goals and dreams to a narcissist. You should never give anything of value to them. Because they're just going to use it to feed their ego. To make themselves feel important. It's not going to make them value you. Because they're too insecure to be able to do that. And if you look back. You may recognize a time. Where you gave the narcissist what they wanted from you. And you may remember how they treated you. You may remember how it made them worse. And even if you give them what they want. Eventually they will leave you for someone who isn't doing anything for them. Someone who doesn't even care about them. Because that person respects themselves. They know the narcissist isn't that special or important. Which is why the narcissist will do anything for that person. They will do things they never did for you. But when you give the narcissist what they want. They're not going to respect you. They're just going to take advantage of you. They're just going to break you down. And then they're going to find someone else. After they've drained you of your energy and resources. Which is why you shouldn't give them all of your time and attention. Instead. You should recognize your worth. Because then you will realize that you deserve more.  That isn't benefiting you in any way. You will find something else that is better for you. Thank you for watching. I hope this video resonated with you. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. If you would like to donate. My PayPal link is in the video description. Coaching Inquiries. You can email me at coaching.nax. If I were at a career UK. Thank you for watching. And I'll talk to you soon.


Hello and welcome back to another episode of Physics Partner. Today we will be exploring the Huygens-Frenel Principle, a fundamental concept in wave optics that has wide-ranging applications in various fields. The Huygens-Frenel Principle, named after the dutch Physicist Christian Huygens and French Physicist Austen-Jean-Frenuel posits that every point on a wave front can be considered as a new source of secondary spherical waves. These secondary waves combine to form the overall wave pattern allowing for the interference and diffraction phenomena observed in wave optics. To illustrate this concept, consider a balloon floating in a pond. When the balloon is disturbed, it creates ripples that propagate outward in a circular fashion. According to the Huygens Principle, each point on the expanding wave front of the ripple acts as a source of secondary waves, leading to the intricate interference patterns observed in the water. When a balloon bursts near the edge of a pond, waves ripple across the water's surface. If a barrier, like a floating log, is placed nearby, the waves diffract and bend around it, following the Huygens Principle. The wave front acts as sources of secondary wave leads which spread in all directions as they encountered the barrier, the waves pass through gaps and create a secondary wave pattern on the other side. This diffraction phenomenon showcases how waves can bend and spread when faced with obstacles demonstrating the principles of wave propagation. The Huygens Principle has numerous applications in various fields, including telecommunications, acoustics and optics. In telecommunications, the principle is used to analyze the propagation of electromagnetic waves guiding the design of antennas and communication systems. In acoustics, the principle is employed to study the behavior of sound waves enabling the design of acoustic devices and structures. In optics, the principle forms the basis of wavefront shaping techniques essential for applications such as laser beam shaping and holography. In conclusion, the Huygens Frontal Principle is a foundational concept in wave optics that underpins our understanding of wave phenomenon and other applications in diverse fields. So I think it's enough for today. So thank you very much for listening and watching. I hope you enjoyed the video. I hope this video is useful for you. So take care of yourself and don't hesitate to write an email if you have any questions, queries, suggestions and even classes are required. Take care of yourself. Meanwhile, see you in the next video. Goodbye.


You're welcome back. It's still the run-up, the third day of January 2023. I keep calling the dates so that I get used to it 2023, so that I don't go and bring my life back to 2022. It was, well, no matter how terrible a lot of people might say 2022 was, we're still here. We are the ones that can tell the stories about 2023. We didn't pass on. And that is achievement. Somebody said, I read somewhere, he said, people were busy saving money in 2022. You guys, the only achievement you had for the year, that was something great. Actually it is. That's funny. People were saving. Some people actually, you would see them. Social media can be very depressing. I saw the other video where someone was breaking this little box, this savings box. And the money that came out of that box was, I don't know, I don't know how many months I'm going to save before I get that kind of money. And he said, it's because he decided not to drink beer anymore. So he was saving the money every day that he was using for beer and it got to that amount. I was asking myself, was he drinking in cartons every day? How would you save every day and get that amount of money? How much beer were you drinking? There are guys that actually do drink, yes. Really? It's possible. Every day. Who pays them? The employer, I guess. I'm looking at my salary. And I'm removing every day a beer. One beer. I'm not even talking about two. I'm talking about one beer every day for 365 days. And I'm like, okay, how do they do it? Maybe he drinks like five bottles every day. Or so you never know. Okay. How much is the beer right now? I don't know. I don't drink beer. You don't drink beer. Why are you laughing? Are you suspicious? Let's say beer is 300 naira. So for 10 days, you're drinking 3000 naira. So for 365 days. You're drinking 9000 naira. So 9000 times 12. Since I'm not too good at maths. Let me say 9000 times 10, first of all. That would be 90,000. Okay. But the money this guy saved was way more than 90,000. And I didn't see him actually start the breaking. I just saw when he broke it. I just saw the container as it is. What denominations were there? They were in 1000s. And a few 500 naira. Okay. But it could be that he's saving his bare money, but then he also saves whatever else he was supposed to have saved. He didn't tell me. So like the Bible says, don't subscribe. It's only what he told me. I'm just trying to help you. You know, you are not so sure. So I'm trying to help you put two hands together. Now, like we were talking about, we've always been talking about pressure. There is this story about someone who was trying to advise the friend. Okay. You drink a lot of beer every day.  And he calculated the money this guy spends on beer. The guy left him. He finished talking and he asked him, do you drink beer? He said, no. He said, where is your car? Like, okay, you don't drink. There is your car. Thank you. Oh my goodness. So it just tells you that everybody has his own evil. Everybody has his own demon. Everybody has his own problems that consume whatever money that you have. So if you're comparing yourself with another person and saying, this person is doing this and doing that. So let me also come and do it. And maybe I will be like he is. You might just be missing the mark. All right. Let us bring it home. It is still the run-up. And we already told you that today we're going to be looking at the letter as is written by former president, the president he yesterday attacked a former president's over the latest New Year open letter where he openly endorsed the presidential candidate of the Labour Party, Mr. Peter Awebi, for the February 25th elections. Abbas and Joe had in the letter told Nigerian youth that the forthcoming elections was their turn to make their destiny in their hands by voting Mr. Awebi and made remarks against the administration of president, Mohammad Dubehari. The presidency yesterday came down hard on former president, Ulushegun Abbas and Joe, describing him as a frustrated and jealous leader on a mission to discredit president, Mohammad Dubehari's record on national development and other sanitary achievements. In a skirting statement signed by senior special assistant on media and publicity, Garba Shehu, the presidency was reacting to Abbas and Joe's letter wherein he described the seven years of the Buhari administration as hell. These reactions to the letter and of course the endorsement of former president Ulushegun Abbas and Joe of Mr. Peter Awebi of Labour Party are the things that we're going to be looking at today. Okay, well the PDP reacted, the APC reacted and I haven't so far heard about other parties reacting except the Labour Party itself that commanded Ulushegun Abbas and Joe. But yes, Abbas and Joe is a Euroban man and he has over the years tried to show himself as someone who loves Nigeria. Any time tired. Yes. And also his endorsement was the same like Debanjo has been saying, that they are fenifera, the core of fenifera because after he said, Debanjo this time said that Southeast should have the presidency. He didn't mention Uwebi in the first place but he was talking about South before it narrowed down to Uwebi. He said for fairness and equity the fenifera had endorsed Peter Uwebi to be the president of Nigeria, to vote for him for fairness and equity. But we also saw that in that moment a fenifera became like a factionalised entity where some other group was also endorsing someone else and it kept on going like that like when the highest bidder comes anything goes for anybody. But while we may have our political divides have we really taken time to read that letter like see what is in the letter. For instance, he said the youths should never inherit the enemies of their parents but should strive to make new friends. He did also say that no region is innocent and then nobody among the aspirants or candidates is a saint. But they are overlooking all of this and instead of maybe sitting back to say okay, we too, we have this. Nobody is saying that. They are just talking about amnesia, old age, Uwebi part of the problem, Uwebis and that, have you read the letter? That's the question we're asking. So I guess here. Yes, we have Mr. Liko Ishola. He's here. Good morning and welcome to the program, Mr. Liko. Thank you so much for joining us. Today we're looking at the endorsement of the Labour Party presidential candidates within the person of Pita Uwebi by the former president, Lucie Gore-Bassenger. We want to look at the prospects, the positives. How do you react to that endorsement? Well, they shoot me. They endorse me for the new thing. From the beginning, everybody to present, Lucie Gore-Bassenger is with Pita Uwebi. If you don't know that, but I'm sorry, you don't know what is happening in the political environment. The letter that we're talking about is not crazy about the endorsement of Pita Uwebi, but it is a statement which you have to read in the context of an earlier statement by the president, Norma Guali. He says that after his presence, he would say something from Abu Dhabi and he would say something from his professor and he would not say anything in the address of him. The number, for example, added to that statement during the celebration of the president he said that they resent him. So if you want to read the current letter of the UBJ, it has different compartments. It spoke to the performance of the current government. It spoke to the issues, the vital issues that we're trying to deal with as a country. It also speaks to the quality of the choices we have currently on the political for a better election. And it spoke also to about those personal beliefs and about those appeals to be used. That for me I would want to speak not an endorsement of Abu Dhabi. That's my initial reaction. Even though we are not, you don't want to talk mostly about the endorsement because like you said, the letter really had so many compartments, so many things that he spoke to. But how do you think this message, from the endorsement, this message will impact the 2023 general elections? Yes, we have to agree that in the CPD that will vote and be the person that will be the best choice for my current presidency at this particular point in time. See that as it is. We always have opinions like that. Opinions like that in USA and other men and women of this you know, voicing down their own opinions as regards where the CPD should go. That in itself does not count for where 2023 will finally go. But it adds moral weight to the argument. So if you look at this from that, the biggest moral weight and voice, you have to measure out whether you want to accept it or not with your back on your head. And both we have said if you look at the issues that we are dealing with in Nigeria, for part of the 2023 we are being very hostile. The issue facing Nigeria now is not at the part of the country that we look at. It is the issue of developing pianists and installing a document that will produce and represent the aspiration of majority of Nigerians to reach the world. These are issues that you cannot solve. So if a part of the field behind it then it is the minds of majority of Nigerians. Now does that mean a part of the country is being boosted? However, for somebody like me and others who are spoken in the same way or who are taken the same position to be doing that at this point in time, it shows that they want Nigeria to remain united and strong country. And they are focusing both in their own opinion the things we need to be able to achieve that unity and that strength at this point. So you cannot call it strength for them. I mean, remember General Ebrahim, he also said something in the same effect that the kind of president Nigeria needs is a young man who is in peace who is able to have one or two people in different areas of the country that can be seen. I mean, and the gift of other characteristics which if you look at I'm sorry to say the two candidates of PPC and ethnicity will definitely not meet those criteria given by General Ebrahim and if you look at the organizing you look at the from another they are all saying essentially the same thing. So I think to do look at this from whether or not they can it braids the both but we should look at this from the past that the constructed efforts and the constructed voices will ensure that they are laid ahead of the people so that as we think of the 2020 elections we think of the defining region for our nation. I think that we should look at this. There's been a lot of conversations around young persons in Nigeria and it's very represented in the letter written by former president to make use of the power that is in their hands to turn the coming elections to their own favor and also admonishing them to not inherit their fathers enemies or something like that and which is something I think the youth are already practicing. We saw the togetherness with which they organized and executed the 2020 MSAS protest and then you can hear the unity in their voice on social media and even on live conversations you know that the young persons are very interested in the forthcoming elections how do you think that they have that strength enough to turn the tide of these forthcoming elections do you see the strength of the youth coming to play in the forthcoming elections? Yeah you see whether we were attracted or not Nigeria remained the same after 2020 and I'll tell you why for the first time in the history of Nigeria you have youth coming out on their own pulling people and doing the same thing not waiting for that person to mobilize them to come to the streets to campaign for they themselves doing all these things on their own this is the pressure we are having that 2. reduce the solo high-necked people we have about 508 59% of registered voters being youth now again if we check between the large elections 2019 and this now the solo high-necked people as potential voters is heavily way the people of youth so between the youth are becoming a factor and a strong factor for that in Nigeria's election will 20.3 give them the presidency they want we will have to wait but one thing starting from now on whoever wants to be president of Nigeria must work so easy easy and policy and ideas that we still need that one too whoever wants to be president of Nigeria whether he or she likes or not we will have to campaign in a way that the demands of the youth look look at the way the EGP is campaigning in this election and the way they are campaigned before look at the way the EGP is campaigning in this election and the way they are campaigned before everybody is trying to be youth-centric it needs to be all understand that there is something about the youth that will be sandwiched this election and there is actually because the youth at our electoral protests is sending more and more towards the enlightened voter it's no longer about in the old voter you know the most area that you can remove from school and then you can kill his vote and his 5 million or 15 million or whatever it's going beyond all that and it should continue to improve so if you don't get it in 2023 but I am sure the youth are likely to get it but even if they get it in 2023 they have come to become a fast source and will be coming Nigeria's electoral protest going forward that's what I see okay some people have interpreted this statement by former president Lucia Goombasancho that Mr. Pito B has a few people in various places in Nigeria that he can listen to or a president that has to imagine in 2023 should be someone that has people that he can listen to they have interpreted that as meaning that he is encouraging god-faderism how do you interpret that statement no I don't think Nigeria is the majority and if you look at the sexuality you have two of them that she should look at themselves as people who have Nigeria in their pocket and are people that Nigeria and Nigerians of respect listen to and follow I mean he has in some of their companies they follow my phone I am the best for you and so on and so on all those statements have elements of interpretation if they are mentioned so if you have that Nigerian and false word and come to think of the movement people will be themselves inside of it that is not the world that is concluding or forming or sustaining the movement it's the movement that are just changing and this is a change in Nigeria's policy you have Nigerians from this economy academic professional background and at least in a country this we don't go to that country to mobilize them if you are the president on the basis of that movement that president will have his choice or to listen to this and I think that's not the best example because if you want to look at this from his perspective the fact is that Nigeria has different interests which mode do we all together respect it and to see through a policy by a president and that kind of president may be a president that people can talk to but that will have to listen to people not the president already seen knowing the people with all due respect I would say the other two major candidates their personalities their antiquities and even the way they are going in this campaign who that is going to be that will be two months or two times but a future will be for instance if somebody that have to follow and respect the teaching otherwise I'm not here and I think that's the best way to see me and I align with you some people express fear that even though this movement you are talking about is sustained, is formed and sustained by the youths themselves there's a possibility that the momentum will die down before the actual election they take an example from the Ansars a lot of people felt that the momentum should have been sustained so high that it wouldn't take long for the change that they called for to happen so the feel that the youths relaxed immediately after the Ansars and they are only rearing their heads now what are some of the pointers if you were to advise these youths who have decided to take their own destinies into their hands by making sure that the electoral process and everything around it goes on well what are some of the pointers that you showed to them that can make them sustain this momentum till during and after the election but youths who are changing were the same people that said the old thing was on social media then when they saw that it's still on to the truth the same set of people were saying you know like but if you look at our electoral environment this is the same time we are having about six months declared for campaign and then if you had the fact that officially campaign was supposed to start September for this movement started around July when you did the movement and that movement actually caused the other legislative parties their candidates to devise other means of believing in the conversation and that's when the strategy they are going round to PCC to deal with that again when ahead of September it was the movement that is the temple of this campaign and this is January they have not scheduled that so it seems that they are not going to deal with that before the election now when you talk about after the election it's normally in any situation that immediately you attain your first goal or immediately you finish of your campaign of your journey you will do it with you and then you will be aligned and then tell yourself the name that you did that will call my inspection whether you win or not I say that you will sit fast look at whatever they have done and then re-plan for going ahead or wanting a good show of is the fact that the national electoral system can not remain the same whether they use to get their president in 2023 or not the subject of a subsequent election on the strategy that will always be the basis that I believe that is very you know and also we have seen the fact that by 2027 a lot of the people that are in this of the dense movement will have become more mature because the majority of them are getting onto the political scene for the first time so by 2027 it can be rest assured that they will also come out more strongly than even now that I believe is all for today quickly because we are round enough now the president has come out to say that the letters written by former president Obasanjo they described him as jealous of the president's administration what would you say is the mindset having read that letter and had your own assimilations what would you say is the mindset of president Obasanjo as he wrote that letter I don't speak for president Obasanjo at the moment I do not know his mind but having read his letter and having read the response of the president and the response of the president the copy the official copy they considered that letter of the old document which is not you will not see the kind of anger the kind of effort that is reverted to the response if you think about it is not important I don't think there will be both of those energy and say the letter but let me say this I think it is unfortunate that the president here I think it is true God honestly I think personally I don't think there will be both because Obasanjo is typically Obasanjo so I think Obasanjo has not some mouth with a kind of letter like this people will have been wanting whether the man is fine whether he would be not getting attention it is typical and if you see anything freely that is also in that letter it is the fact that today Nigeria is still that Nigeria of today is better than Nigeria of today it is also of Nigeria I don't think so in terms of the force of living in terms of the standard of living I don't think the ATC standard is to be talking about the new force it means the first phase before you don't want to bring it that way to the new it doesn't mean Obasanjo has said it wasn't something that the average Nigeria knew the feeling of that so I think the president he has more or less the truth is of the way the average Nigerian is because truly Nigeria is the community to believe that we don't have five months and we'll be free so I have a supplier here I don't want to read the word I'm so proud that because anyway I think we are some of the different kind of that's my understanding okay Mr. Aishola I would like to thank you so much for giving us your thoughts on the program today giving us insight into what you think about that letter and the future of Nigeria thank you for coming on the program thank you very much I appreciate it okay that was Mr. Lequon Aishola who was speaking to us we were asking about what he felt about the letter that former president wrote an open letter to the youth and whoever thinks youth and thinks young and thinks that Nigeria should move forward and he was giving us his own perspective I think he had a very positive mindset while talking about that and I do hope that everybody who reads the letter will take out the major things even if you leave out the endorsement of course people with different perceptions, different understanding you take what resonates with you and you know you live the rest it's very understandable okay jealous anyway we'll take a break


headline news update welcome folks Dow industries up 89 Nasdaq up 50 S&P's up nine all-time highs folks all the indices big-time gold gold contract down $18.10 traded 1784 and ounce you had silver down 18 cents $23.94 an ounce light sweet crude off up rather 47 cents $83.28 a barrel notes and bonds the 10-year note down three ticks trade 130 21 the 30 year up 11 at 160 27 and King dollar what a move King dollar had folks okay this was a one monster move it's up 800 789 ticks at 94 133 Euro down 121 at 115 yen up 40 at 113 98 and the British pound down 105 at 136 85 we get over we take a look at the S&P what you're gonna see out here they're all finishing at all-time highs this is closing out the month also inside of the spy bottom line you're at 459 26 and the X 100 of the the coolest one actually to look at bottom line is that inside the cues on the daily weekly as well as the monthly of these lasting golfing now what happens at a lasting golfing folks is this is that it's a two candle if it's candlestick shotting pattern but it's a two candle deal and what it is is that you start at the low you close it to high after an uptrend and then if you close lower the following day that is a bearish occurrence I know I get a nerve saying a bearish occurrence right because that's one of our Tigers says is saying there's no more bears left in this market in fact is there's an article inside the Bloomberg today that the last since June what monthly and now yeah since June the shot positions inside this market have basically gone down to fractionally of what they've been so if we do get a downdraft folks okay there's not going to be buys on that side of the downdraft because that's what shot positions actually do you're buying to make it back when there's not shot positions it can turn into a real problem gold contract rejected lower price of 17 78 out here today you're at 1785 silver down 16 2396 have a great weekend folks have a safe weekend come back and visit Tommy Monday morning kicks us off 9 o'clock great show have a great one folks have a safe one


Acres are going to be very similar to kind of how we have been. We've been having pretty good luck, especially last year with raw rice. We're probably going to increase that. Another 10%, we're roughly 40% raw rice this year on my place, or our places here. Had everything looked great, we were probably as timely getting our crop planted as we've been, at least with our rice and soy beans and corn. I mean, we were doing great. I would say the middle of June is probably one of the best-looking crops I ever had going at that point in a year. And then the floods came, and we got 10 to 12 inches of rain right here over the course of about four or five days, bottom ends being drowned out, hurt a lot of corn, and, you know, things somewhat turned the corner. You know, these rains and this front coming through, I mean, certainly a slowdown, the biggest thing we can hope for. And it seems like we have this conversation at some point every fall, whether it's just a front or a hurricane, hopefully no more this year, but about, you know, what's worse, rain or wind? And the answer is both at the same time. I mean, we've had, you know, the input price is increasing, of course, you know, going into this year, the commodity prices were up, corn, rice, and soy beans, everything looked profitable, and, you know, I expect we'll still make a profit, but I don't, I mean, I think everyone kind of anticipated input prices to go up, but, you know, availability of some herbicides, and they were talk of shortages on the fungicides, and then fertilizer prices just continued to climb since then. A lot of this rice has been ready to harvest for a while now, but due to the humidity and the conditions we've had, the grain moisture just hasn't wanted to fall out. That's a problem. Knowing it needs to come out of the field and it just not being where, you know, functionally for growers to go ahead and take it out in some increased drying costs and things that are associated with it. So we're going to finally get that now with this weather shift that'll follow these rain events now, but the problem is these big, re-wetting events may not be good for milling on those that have been sitting out there, again, wetting and drying, causing fishers in those kernels that'll make them crack and may lower some of our milling yields. So I mean, from a yield standpoint, so far top to bottom in the state, there just is not much talk of anything other than these are great yields, and, you know, there's always an outlying field that, you know, seems off, you know, and there's something wrong, but by and large, just reporting very good to great to excellent yields. And, again, that's from the Southeastern part of the state all the way up to the Missouri line. You know, everybody I've talked to, for the most part, has been pleased with yields. I've talked to one guy that's been pretty disappointed, but most everybody's sitting on, not a record, I don't know anybody that I've talked to that's had a record. They may have had a, you know, a few fields that were really, really good and some and then there's some variability from the guys I've talked to. But all in all, it's been a pretty good crop. I mean, we're about two thirds of the way through harvest, I would say. That's probably about average for the area. Maybe it may be a little further along. We've had some mechanical problems and things that put us behind a little bit. But, you know, hopefully we'll and the weather's been phenomenal up until today, as you can see, but it's, we had three weeks of about as perfect the harvest weather you could have, although I wouldn't mind a little rain because it's so dusty around here. Well, the nice thing about the current forecast right now is really the next 10 days looks cool, looks dry, low humidity. And if you've largely escaped much in the way it rains, you know, over the past between today and a few days ago, the next 10 days, there is going to be a massive amount of rice in the state disappeared.


What's the word y'all welcome back to the called game recap. Yes, that is what we are calling it right now because I'm Terrible with names, and I'm very literal this this is called game, and this is a recap you give me Okay, you get me leave it like subscribe. Let's talk about some basketball Um, there are a lot of games today, and obviously when there are six games going on at the same time I have to compromise so there will be games today they get zero seconds of conversation today because I gave them Zero seconds of watch time. Okay. I'm gonna start off talking about LeBron James and the LA Lakers um yesterday's episode we were talking about um, Joe Ellen B and his loss with against the Portland Trailblazer How how good of a player he is and why he's one of my top two MVP candidates as of right now 25 games in though I think LeBron gets my MVP vote You know, there's still 50 games left for the season so anything can change in those 50 games But I think as of right now LeBron probably gets my MVP vote and and here's why LeBron has always put up the pretty much the same stat line It's entire career right you can expect 25 7 7 on average if he does to give you that it's a bad game for LeBron James But correct me if I'm wrong here And maybe this is because just recently by us because last year feels so long ago Because Yannis was my MVP last year Then I had LeBron number two this year the reason he is number one because the first 20 so Games I feel like there are so many more moments for LeBron Where they'd be a great defensive play in an overtime game or a great shot in a double overtime game Or like today where a team come out struggling out the gate Going into the third quarter. He comes out and scores like 12 points by himself Those are like the individual moments. I'm not saying he didn't have that last year But just 20 or so games into this season it feels like they are They are more more frequent And this is another year other than I mean because they've been in so many overtime games over the last week or so His his minutes per game has gone up But before that he was having a historically low minutes per game season He's been able to incorporate that three point shot And if he could continue to shoot at this this caliber as a three pointer at about 40 percent I mean him at 36 There's no there's no saying how good he can still be at 39 40 if he can really take he's shooting seven three point attempts A game this year and he's shooting 40 percent on that seven. He's never been able to do something like that in his career So his moments seem bigger at the moment Maybe I'm wrong here. Let me know in the comment section Um, this is a big game for them, especially when national tv They come out getting they ass is spanked at one point I looked over and it was 22 to 2 and again, like I said, there's so many games going on at the same time When I see 2022 they kind of lose my interest a little bit So I focus in on utah versus milwauki a little bit and and there are there was a moment because I love watching these games with The homies, uh, we be in a discord chat and my boy, uh, my boy, um derrick was like Anthony davis, what are you doing? I look up because his his tv's is a little bit ahead of mine And I see anthony davis has tyus jones on his back But instead of, you know, scoring on tyus jones, he kicks it out to alice caruso And then anthony davis cranked it up Which is a good thing because for the most part anthony davis has had a very quiet season I'm offensively at least he's had his big games here and there today was a big game when it's 35 He's had his big games here and there. I remember one in chicago, of course Um, but for the most part he's been very very quiet today He got to the free throw line four times that is unheard of for god Like anthony davis But the in this game especially later on, um, I think richard jeffison did a great job Of pointing it out where like taylor jinkins and the the miffus grizzers went to the zone that For some reason had jammer ran in the zone guarding the space of anthony davis And they were just they were taking advantage of that taking advantage of that calcuzmo 2010 game Very good game for them very good game for them I'm still I'm still a huge fan of everything miffus is doing man I understand this is another loss for them, but jammer ran is still super fun to watch Um grace and now they have so many players on the team that Like you would think of players that maybe other teams wouldn't have given the chance, right? Like similar to like the miami heat, but maybe not to that caliber where they have players like um grace and now there's avia tilman john conchar Desmond bane fell in the draft even though he didn't play today And I think it was because of injury and not because there's no reason for him not to play as desmond bane He's been lighting it up. They have so many players um of that like Chip on the shoulder Nobody wanted me players and I like rooting it rooting for those dudes, you know what I'm saying grace and now He's six threes today. They just couldn't put it together completely The lakers have this switch that they've turned on every single night where they won't play basketball for the first half And then they're like y'all ready? All right, let's go Who and then they'll they'll clap up and start putting putting shots in the basket. So um and in the long term It's probably not the best idea because for lebron to be putting up 40 minutes a game Of the pad the past week or so going to double over times against teams that are far inferior to you Maybe not the best strategy, but again, it leads to those great lebron jane's moments Maybe that's what lebron is saying to his teammates. Hey, let's keep this close bro So I can hit this shot I need this MVP award because I think he was really upset about not winning last year But that's why I want to say about that one. We had the timbers going against these charlin hornets I'll spend a couple seconds here I love NBA players that are able to change the narrative about them similar to what we've had for andrew wiggins Right andrew wiggins for his entire career. He was nothing on defense and this season He has changed that narrative He is a plus defender if you ask me another guy that has changed his narrative is terry roger When terry roger was leaving boston and he got that contract with the charlin hornets Everybody's like charlie just paid for a shot chucker guy who will never be able to contribute to like winning basketball Again, I think I think overall nba meter is so bad So so bad at those type of things is writing the player off because of something they did in the past But terry roger over the last couple games has been ridiculous 41 points today one shy of his career high The other game he had like 34. So he had six threes Like he continues to just be more than what the label was strong on him when he got to charlin And it's changing things up a little bit. I remember charlin hornets fans I follow a few on twitter They were more talking about like the future backcourt for this team. Is it davante gramma lamella ball? Is it tearos here lamella ball? And a lot of them made the two that I follow came to the realization that um tearos just powered the i-man out But he's making it hard man This this three-guard lineup has been looking pretty solid in the few games they have played together And um, and they they get the win the thing I have to say though Not the about the minnesota timbles, bro The card thing towns are still getting his way back into the swing of things shout out to me league beastly Um and and and and for having big games But there shouldn't be a point Where it's a close game and we get Multiple possessions where car anthony towns doesn't even get a look at the basket Multiple possessions where though malik visa had a very good game where he just came up to court and in four seconds Put up a shot this ball should be going through car anthony towns on every possession Especially in a close game where like in that fourth quarter before they iced him out There was nothing they could do about it was nothing the charlin hornets could do to guard him But there was like four to five possessions late in this fourth quarter where car anthony towns didn't get the ball And i'm like bro give give him a goddamn ball and then uh, joshie kogi literally doesn't do anything I feel like he's just doing cardio every single game the spurs. I love watching the spurs I told y'all a few weeks ago. We are buying all the kelton johnson stock and it continues to rise um, this game was way way um More of a gap than the final score the final score ended 125 to 114 But I promise you this is a 40 point win I don't care at the last fourth court the whole fourth quarter was garbage time If you ask me the whole fourth quarter is garbage time um, and the reason why I do like watching these spurs teams so so much is because Typically teams have like lineups that are bad, right? And I don't know if the advanced stats will not back me up here whatsoever, but like we're not Talking about my chicago bulls, right our bench though. We have some good bench players. They're still lineups. We're like It just won't work long term You know I'm saying like you put those lineups in for three to four minutes of games Just so you're starting to get a breather the spurs backups and different lineups that they run can be just as good as their starters That's how good that's how deep of a team they have now Yes, they don't have like the superior all-star calibur player The mark is going to get some consideration this season But they don't have like that takeover player But like they have so many good mid tier players and when they're all rolling is is really really good Derrick white and the jonte murray in the backcourt is clamping on everything and they're hitting shots Lani walker off the bench. I really gave did not have a good game But we know we're really gay can bring off the bench. They don't need to mark us all just anymore So i'm very curious to how he gets played when he comes back from his injury Um, or if there even is a market for him if some team would be willing to trade for him But he is I don't want to say he's done with but he has not looked good this season I'll just leave it at that. He hasn't looked good this season whatsoever And then the hawks where they lost by 40 if you ask me Nashi televised game luke puts up his career high in a game where it looked like it was porzingis's game, right? He comes out. He hits what five threes in the first quarter They don't know how to defend that and luke was like, I'm sorry to ran on your parade porzingis Um, yeah, I'm gonna put on my career high very efficiently and it was it was amazing to watch Um, he's just one of those dudes that when he has it going on you got it He's must see tv Um, but porzingis having another good game and if i'm not mistaken This team has really got themselves back on track after a couple weeks ago We were really talking about how they were struggling four straight wins for them They are at the 10th c right now, especially with the king's losing tonight So a very good win for them. Um, and it's good to see. It's very good to see now the palace Zion was 11 for 11 11 for 12 in the first half and finished with 15 shot attempts and I don't know what he said in that locker room for his teammates to ice him out But they did There's no excuse for especially a guy like him because everybody watching this game knows what he wants to do So you can't say oh the mavericks play really good defense on him. No, they just didn't give him the ball Give him the ball until it doesn't work anymore Give him the ball until he misses two shots or three You know, I don't understand how he goes from being the most efficient first half and almost NBA history To not even getting shots in the second half It makes no sense whatsoever And I feel like eric eric blezzo is a couple games away from tweet and I don't want to be here anymore And him getting shipped out. Um, but give give zion the ball, bro He there's no reason for him to only have 15 shot attempts The bulls lose to the clippers where kawaii liner is virtually unguardable The bulls desperately need the team to get healthy a sentence that I have said every single week of my life over the past three years Um, but I think window card is coming back next game to guard sabonis. So that'll be fun Patrick Williams is a fun player. Um, playing against his idol and kawaii is literally young that we had no answer for him If you if he got that ball in the paint or in the in the mid-range area Give him two points, bro. Give him two points So dig bay. Oh man, how long are we going? So dig bay, um, makes me super happy So dig bay is one of my um, my god, dear I mean my god, Mike's favorite player coming out the draft for some reason not not that so dig day's city So dig bay's bad or anything But like he doesn't watch college ball So it was very weird for him to fall in love with so dig bay without watching college ball So dig bay was unstoppable. I'm giving a the selty the slight pass back to back day. Yadda yadda yadda Um, but the detroit piss continue to be giant slayers coming out and beating good teams Um, and it's this allows the Celtics to fall to 13 and 12 Which is uh, not not very good not Not very good, but against slight pass next game. I didn't watch too much of this game, but I do remember hamidou diallo um Tipping in a half court he for the other team and they lost by two so Hamidou diallo, don't do that next time Um, there is bay's he'd be a little bit better. I love seeing isaero. We play well and um Um, karen's williams has been a very very surprising player to me this season He had he had the game early this year what Which like 20 something points, which is something i've never seen him do before and today seven nine and 11 Um, and then al horford continues to be really really good for the team I was very surprised that this this game was even close, especially with shaggyos Alexander not playing Um, but that hamidou diallo point at the end of the third quarter Just cost him the game. That's all I want to say the yuletah jazz beat up on the bucks um This game is not as close as what the final score tells you and if you need an Explanation of why rudigo bear needs to be an all-star this season watch this game again This man I am I am under the belief that you can throw any four players in in the NBA With rudigo bear and you'll have a top 10 defense That man holds everything down and the fact that they held yon is to what two points in the first half as a team Is ridiculous that's a Royce O'Neill. He did not shoot the ball at all But his defense was stellar today now yon is an MVP caliber player So he wasn't just going to allow two points to happen So in the second half he really cranked it up and even through grit defense he cranked it up Um, but but man the yuletah jazz are 17 and one in their last eight ten games Super super ridiculous play. This is out mic without my connolly without your holiday So both teams are missing their lead ball handler and and another game where dynamite you does not play well by himself But the team is just so damn good that it doesn't matter. It is spursy and We talk about spurs with tim duncan model jenoble and tony parker Where it doesn't matter if one of their top guys has a bad game because they have so many other pieces that can pick it up The ball movement on this team is ridiculous If you ain't watching if you ain't watching the yuletah jazz right now you are you are missing out on The purest form of basketball 100% rudigo bear donovan mitchell Increment to the all-star game and god damn it give my connolly some votes He didn't play today, but you he yeah, he didn't play today But yeah, he deserves it and in the games that I did not talk about are the games I did not get to watch a single minute of so my apologies to the nix fans I hate to see that mitchell robson broke his hand that is unfortunate because especially in this game For me box score watch I was a box score bandit on this one He was playing really really well getting the first half double double Um, I did not watch the poyland trailblaze get another win But I will say I'm still impressed with the fact that the the poyland trailblazers do all their injuries are still damn good Um, the cavaliers sexland. Is it over? Is it tank season now? I don't really know Is it time to sell drumming? I don't really know and then without without deer and fox I had no interest in watching this game where rusevitz put up 42 So maybe I'll watch rusevitz highlights on this one, but again, no deer and fox No candy beach I'm watching if you enjoyed it leave it a like and I'll see y'all soon. Call game