The following is a presentation of TFNN The power trading hour with your host David white Call now toll free at 1-877-927-6648 or internationally at<PHONE_NUMBER> now David white And as we join one more time My friends as always it doesn't matter where you're at where I'm at as long as we're here at the appointed time The following takes place between 2 p.m. And 3 p.m. Well, we're down 131 points on the S&P cash And of course the thing to start looking at is the volume We've been looking for about 18 billion shares necessary to blow out the lows We're just over 8 billion shares which kind of connotes that maybe we get another 15 million share a day depends on how Bad the end of the day comes in but we're not hitting quite that 18 billion share high This reminds me of a day and I'm gonna go back and look for it But I think I had the biggest single options day not the biggest day ever in Trading but I think the biggest single options day trading with the kind of conditions that we have right now But I want to say it was in 2018 And I think it was in October, so I'm gonna go back and look my records But we have just the kind of conditions And all I need is one more thing to act so Does this mean we're at the end of the end of the road in the bear market? No But one of the things bear markets has is this ludicrously rip your face off rallies And where they really like to do it on options expiration, which is tomorrow and it's actually quad-witching So we could have a lot of action, but I wouldn't be surprised if you saw a 2000 point range on the Dow that that wouldn't be beyond the scope of reason Down a thousand in the morning up a thousand by the afternoon. It's That's kind of stuff. You got the ECB with new Apparently powers telepathic not sure telekinesis moving objects not exactly sure either, but they got some kind of new powers I'm thinking that they're more about economic issues, but the article only said they got new powers So I'm not exactly sure if they think they're superheroes or what but um, you know the I Tell the story quite often But my introduction to trading in full-time trading was the fall of 1998 and At that point there was a company blowing up called long-term capital management They had a lot of people that thought that they were just the smartest people in the room They actually had two Nobel laureates one of which who? Actually won for the black souls model They believed kind of like Kathy Woods Kathy would I guess there is a woods. I always say Kathy would I think it is Is her head and made out of the same stuff anyway the The point I have was that they thought they could just double down double down double down and at one point they had 99 to one Leverage in the market on bonds and They had kind of taken a fairly big hit Earlier I think about a year earlier or so maybe a little earlier than that When they were all along the peso and there was a thing if you Google it called the peso problem And that kind of that took a little wind out of their sails But they thought that they just changed the algorithm a little bit and they'd be great to go And so they ended up owning about eighty percent eighty six percent of all the bonds In I think in Russia. I think it was where it came from. I'm gonna have to reread all that stuff anyway Even today it would be like Seeing the Dow down two thousand points having somebody like Powell come out and saying he was Changing directions gonna throw some money at the market and the Dow being up two thousand points by the end of the day I think it was a Thursday If I remember right it may not have been I thought I would it wasn't something anybody was looking for Everybody was planning on the end of the world going into Friday's close. I kind of vaguely remember that I'm gonna have to go back and look through all that stuff, but Man was a reversal I want to say it was Ruben and Greenspan with echoes of Jesse Livermore's tails from reminiscence of a stock operator. I think it was around 1907 or 1908 the markets were imploding and One of the biggest bankers and actually the biggest banker JP Morgan came in with a market that was absolutely being torn to shreds and said Now don't money to get any in a hurry But there's gonna be money for everybody Just form a line peacefully don't get excited. Nothing's gonna happen. We're gonna make sure that there's money for everybody and then of course Jesse Livermore was kind of a blip on the radar in 1908 but in 1929 1930 that I think it was at the last maybe in December of 1929 the markets had already taken just a horrible beating and JP Morgan or somebody from his company came over to Jesse Livermore who had gone short with a hundred million dollar No, he'd gone short with maybe it was ten million dollars And it was up to three hundred million dollars, which was the single biggest trade Adjusted for inflation till the trade of natural gas in 2006. I can't remember that trader's name, but He that was the biggest single trade trade by a single individual think that Natural gas trade where he went short natural gas at 1675. I think something like that. It was fairly close to it the point of my story as I continue to digress is That conditions are right as I said there were a lot of stocks that had two gaps out there We get the third gap today Now that doesn't mean we close at the lows or not gonna close at the lows or anything else is bad gonna happen It does tell you though that generally like today where you got a tick depending on the the Tick you got was negative 1700 negative 1800 negative 1900 on some systems Generally within less than five days, but more often less than one day You're gonna get yet another tick. So I am on the high alert For seeing yet another big down tick I rip your face off rally and then a retest of whatever lows we come up with in the next 24 hours and everybody's gonna freak out and Maybe we get a retest of that low next week on lighter volume and maybe we see some kind of low But generally what you get is just that rip your face off rally all the people that were way short Have been wait have been way short way too long and the old saying bears make money and Bulls make money and pigs get slaughtered Yeah, I'm kind of thinking that everybody's just a little piggy out here Maybe it's time to Give them a little bit of ability But the conditions are high like a hurricane Lot of work at this moment return time of booming inflation we're purchasing powers eroded There's no better place to protect your hard earned money than ain't gold This the gold flagship asset is the Monk Todd Gold project in the northern territory of Australia This is Australia's largest unveloped gold project. We are talking a world-class gold project in a tail-one mining district This is a large-scale low-cost project with significant existing infrastructure in a politically safe and friendly mining jurisdiction This the gold just completed the Mount Todd feasibility study Which resulted in a seven million ounce gold reserve in a 16 year mine life? All of this combined with the approvals of all major operational as well as environmental permits This this thing which is Mount Todd is an attractive dearest pot ready development stage gold project This the gold trades on the New York Stock Exchange and the symbol VGZ Are you grinding in the market? But seeing little to no return or are you a successful trader? 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Somebody was asking me what the guy's name was and Every time I put in largest short trade ever 2006 natural gas it comes up the largest t-shirt ever So I don't know what's wrong with Google today, but I don't remember the guy's name I just remember that he shorted Natural gas almost perfectly at $16 and 75 cents and I want to say it was 2006 and he wrote it all the way down to $6 or something and he'd bought some very extended Puts on natural gas for like two years or something and it just did nothing but goes straight down and Everybody was saying it was going to 32 bucks when he shorted it and that was the biggest single short ever But I'll have to go back and look at it Do I think natural gas will go back to the low of the two days ago I'm not really got a good handle on where I think natural gas is gonna go in the next two days I would suggest though that historically And seasonally your best bet is to wait until late in In August and I know no one wants to hear that right now, but my guess is that's Kind of where it's at another question out here Long-time listener first-time e-mailer Where do I think riot could go? I Think a lot of these things are just going bankrupt. I Never thought much about them on The way up they've nothing it's just echoes of to Tulipville to me I don't think there's anything but if these things are not well funded. They're going to zero in Bitcoin Cyber stuff I mean, it's been one thing after another that everybody's ignored But I think they're I think what you're gonna find out is that governments are just not gonna allow it We're gonna find ways like China to excommunicate anybody using it To get rid of miners Bitcoin miners and that kind of stuff. It's just it's not something that a government wants Doesn't matter what the people want. I think it's what the government wants. You've seen it Well, you're gonna see it take down countries in Ecuador and What else is next to it? I? Think you're you're seeing the I haven't spent a lot of time in it But it looks to me like those governments are gonna fail on the big thing Miami's government the same thing Miami Everybody thought that was a great thing for them to get into crypto currencies That's gonna turn into the giant etsel History is As one guy in the den said pilgrims Mostly in depth faced down in the mud with an arrow in their back and Maybe something changes. I have never been a big fan of Of the blockchain There are some better variants of that We've talked about why it's never going to replace at least my opinion never going to replace the Mastercard visa that kind of stuff for exchanges it just could not handle it The computational burden was way too high Merkle chains if you want to look that up as a much better idea so concept fairly good Even for the first few years The product fairly good when you go into wide distribution though It's just a it's it's like a bridge.  So we've seen other things like you Ethereum some of these other ones that are better, but uh, no, I don't think there's a whole lot here And if it is Maybe I would compare this to am let's say that one of these companies is truly amazon in the bitcoin Thing amazon went from 110 bucks to 10 bucks in the dot-com bounce or boom Boom bomb. It was amazon dot bomb. I remember on the cover of uh, What was it barons? and that kind of was the uh poster child for the top of amazon if I remember right Uh, same thing for here if these guys can make it through 40 years of warming through the uh Uh going through the desert like moses little biblical reference for those folks out in lutes But uh, certainly if you can see that they're gonna be a lot of pain And maybe someone makes it out the other side But certainly is buff William Buffett William Warren Buffett says you can only tell who's swimming without a bathing suit when the tide goes out And the tide is going out for the cryptos And I would whether wait instead of trying to make predictions now Wait and see how many of these companies can make it through how many have good management in tough times In the good times anybody can make it as uh, I've heard other people say In a bull market everybody's a genius And in a bear market you find out actually who has any real chops So I'm not a big fan of any of this stuff Uh, especially going forward getting money is going to be problematic My guess is the real estate markets, uh, if they haven't announced it have already frozen up I'm not sure. I haven't heard from anybody But my guess is we're probably close to freezing them up because guess what they just wait another 30 days The fed maybe you'll add another half a percent You want to make a loan today when you know if you just put the people off For another 30 days you get another half a percent I don't think so and that probably is going to mean that they're going to do everything to drag their feet to make loans At higher prices in the near future, which is going to kill a lot of real estate stuff in the in that So anyway just some rambling Uh, what is it? Six degrees of separation kind of that and now for six degrees of market separation with dave wife Rambling tales of mixed metaphors and tortured analogies that might make a lucid point if given enough time Well, maybe maybe not you never know But normally I play that in front of it when I'm going to go on a rant Uh, so that's it. Anyway, uh, thanks philip for the question You never know. I'm going to go on those just a stream of consciousness kind of thing Okay, so we've got some other stuff out here questions Okay Got that handled. So anyway, um, I'm waiting for the next really huge downtick in the market Uh, we're going to see whether or not if the market stops at that point You probably have a good one day rally coming And again, this is kind of you know, when we do rally off this spot next low doesn't mean it's the permanent low You're probably going to see one of the biggest rips in all of time And within a day or so you're probably going to find out As most people found will find out that it was a mirage You come back you retest the low and at that point, maybe you got some kind of look But uh, get ready for some action Maybe we don't get that but again what I'm looking for is another panic cell as we had today To get that you're probably good for one day rally Uh, that is good to rip off the face Of uh bearer at least for a day Maybe a little bit of a brush bout back If you're into baseball, we'll be back in a minute If you want to take advantage of this sector now is the time to subscribe to my gold report The gold report is a comprehensive look at the metals sector as well as the markets that move gold Which is the currency and bond markets new subscribers get a 30-day money back guarantee So you have nothing to lose every monday morning. 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Don't miss out on this incredible new piece of software Get your copy of the art of timing the trade charts today by visiting tfnn.com This segment is brought to you by think or swim for more information Just click the think or swim banner on the front page of tfnn.com Somebody asking in here the the key is waiting for the signal and not to anticipate it Um, but i'm not thinking today. I'm thinking it's tomorrow And the last time we had this same kind of setup as I said was kind of an october of uh God, i'm thinking it was october of 2018. I'm gonna have to go back and look it up tonight But all I remember was uh, we had, uh Eh, what was it out here? Uh Yeah, uh We had uh Mr. Z john from philadelphia And I remember we were I was talking about it all week long because it just kept on Diskept on getting better and better. I don't remember what it was. I think it was a taper to a Uh taper tantrum as they used to call them back then all four years ago but uh All I remember was coming into that friday morning Everybody was predicting the end of the world. I think it went lower the next week But you got to rip your face off rally that day and it started at about 10 30 And it was the second big tick down Of uh expiration day and I was buying five and 10 cent options that ended up being Two three bucks by the afternoon and you don't always get that kind of stuff But let's say there's just a 50 chance of you making it Uh, the risk reward is probably pretty high for tomorrow but The risk reward is uh zero Uh if you don't get that second big tick down So we'll be waiting for that or i'm gonna be waiting for that and that's just what everybody decides To throw the baby out with the bath water You generally get one you get two as I said the other things in the last couple of days that I was looking for was that third gap down So we've got that So like I said, I think that was exactly like that friday coming in to the uh to the thing And I can't remember what happened. I think the fed said something At like 10 30 the market just all turned around and it was a huge day by the end of the day It was just a I think it would probably be the equivalent of a 2000 point move in the dow today From the bottom back up to the top.  You can almost guarantee if they tell you here in florida that if you're gonna get hit and the Prediction is more than three hours away or three days away You're not going to get hit And then they're suddenly all brilliant when you're getting hit Or or the storms two hours away out in the gulf and it's actually hitting you So that the real question is when you get that second tick Then the the counter starts coming in and as I said, that's just the advances over the declineers So you start getting a negative 16 1700 1800 tick on the second one You normally that's uh the uh burn out in the short term not the long term But you get a fairly decent rally in the market and in past days Or past day in past history in the market It has been a variety of things But they've all been Some kind of out of the blue news event sometimes it's been the fed sometimes it's been other things But uh, you don't know what it is generally going into it. You just know what happens And it could be anything from uh, putin dropping dead To a change in our policy on energy, which I think is about 80 percent of inflation today Uh, it could be a great deal of things. Anyway, give me a call today or you can ask me anything At path tfnn.com or call me at eight seven seven nine two seven six six four eight Yeah, it could be the second one But generally it's uh Uh in the den someone's saying we had a negative 1700 on Tuesday. Maybe this is today Generally you get uh, if you get a gap down You want a specific candle to follow that? And for me, you didn't get any kind of a candle that said that was also Uh That now maybe we end up one before the end of the day But the candle doesn't look quite right and to You know, you'd normally I've seen enough headlines out there that are calling for the end of the world So like I said, it's probably pretty great My problem was that options were fairly still fairly expensive an hour and a half ago when I was looking at him I was talking to one of my subscribers and I was looking at uh, I forget what stock it was now But he's watched it and it's held up extremely well And I thought well, maybe I'll even bite on this one right now because it it is hold up so well And maybe it's the first one I can buy but At best if it goes to where I think it will which is a nice bounce It was only two to one and I need to start On options expiration at about four to one To make money that means I if I buy a quarter option today, it's got to end up being a buck tomorrow Because I'm only going to be ready or going to be right about half the time So maybe everybody knows it's going to bounce already and that's why the options are so high But generally what will happen In this kind of situation is if they're at 50 cents now and I want to buy them for a quarter They'll I'll I'll do something stupid like buy them And they'll watch them drop to a quarter and then it'll actually do it. But uh, just as one of a rule of thumb Uh doesn't always work, but it certainly have helps me and that is when I think I like it Decide to uh Decide to buy it at half that price where I will actually love it We've been making that joke in the den all week Which is uh, it used to be on the on the floor and I can't remember it used to be on tv But someone would say, you know, I like amazon at 100 bucks and the other guy would say well, then you're gonna love it at 50 Right, you know man. So that's it. Anyway, I've got to buy it where I love it. Not where I like it Uh eight seven seven nine two seven six six four eight Uh, I haven't looked at bowing But uh, let's take a look at it. We were talking about that in the den the last 747s are really getting are getting ready to come off the line. Uh, it's actually It is up there nice, isn't it? I hadn't looked at this one. This was not it I'm just not really telling you which one it is to protect the innocent Uh, anyway, uh, yeah, that does look good That is holding up miraculously Well, of course this thing did bounce off of a huge We're talking about bowing now Did bounce off that I think we talked about this the other day Um, this gap that came in Uh goes back to March 18th of 2020 that pandemic low Out here. So you did hit it Uh and hit it with fairly light volume. So we've been saying a lot of these stocks have been doing it The market has a lot of volume, but not everything Uh, which is who let's take a look at apple See what it's doing out here on a shorter term basis. Um It's not bad today 65 million shares on apple But yeah, I think no matter how you count it, you've got two you've got three or four gaps Down on a lot of some of these gaps But a lot of stocks three gaps down you have to start scratching your head Are you getting a little piggy? 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It can seem impossible to keep up with all the information David white's investment newsletter the technology insider is designed to give you all the information you need to understand the technology That shapes today's markets and tomorrow's future David white has made his living staying on the cutting edge of technology His weekly newsletter will give you specific recommendations for value tech stocks As well as entry prices target prices and stops to set for each trade Dave delivers his weekly newsletters every friday with updates throughout the week You can get the technology insider at tfnn.com for only 37 in 50 cents Sign up for david's newsletter the technology insider and get an inside look at everything the technology sector has to offer Try it risk-free today with our 30 day money back guarantee tfnn educating investors Are china a shares hot or not? If you trade china a shares now may be time to take a closer look trade chAU or chAD Directions daily csi 300 china a share bull and bear etfs china a shares in either direction Visit direction investments.com today an investor should consider the investment objectives risks charges and expenses of the direction shares carefully before investing The prospectus and summary prospectus contain this and other information about direction shares to obtain a prospectus or summary prospectus Please contact direction shares at eight six six four seven six seven five two three The prospectus or summary prospectus should be read carefully before investing an investment in the funds is subject to risk Including the possible loss of principal the funds are designed to be utilized only by sophisticated investors such as traders and active investors distributor four-side fund services llc This program is brought to you by vista gold traded on the nyse american and tsx under the symbol vgz Uh, so if the market has to drop it doesn't have to drop. I just have to get a lot big tick Uh, in order to go up again. Do you think it will go higher than yesterday's eye? Oh, I think you'll have a huge run Like I said, if you're gonna get any kind of buying off here that sticks It's probably going to be fairly huge And generally it it may not last More than into next week So that's uh, yeah, so anyway, uh, this is a pattern of uh, what you call, you know Massive squeezes sometimes they last more than a day or two A lot of times they don't in a bear market. You just have one day up and one one day right back Now sometimes you'll get two or three days But generally you get the lion's share on the first day And then you just get margin squeezes for And as many people uh that are on the wrong side at the top of the market Along on margin, they're the same amount of people that are short on margin And those people get squeezed pretty hard too eight seven seven nine two seven six six four eight And see out here, okay Uh Let's go back to the thing Okay, we've got some emails Just trying to get all caught up here Got a lot of stuff going on Any random thoughts that's all I've got On the ibb Uh, yeah Like I said, the one down thing I dislike Well, there's two things in the ibb. I dislike Uh, I do like the light volume today, uh, 2.6 million shares compared to 4.7 million shares Um, you're close to closing back into the trading range. What I dislike is you've got two big gaps lower I would have liked to seen a bigger gap lower today. It's one thing. The other thing is just the energy down Uh was a whole lot more and generally even if it holds It's going to go sideways for a few days before it starts going up Um, you've got two things if you break the lows with lighter volume You're probably going to come back into the trading range if you break the lows with lighter volume and The energy off the previous high was very low Then you sometimes have a v low Generally more likely Low volume at a low you're probably going to have some consolidation And it's more like a u bottom than a v bottom. So right now. Like I said options exploration done Uh quad witching tomorrow expect the unexpected Uh, but that's it. So I think there are better fish out there than the sea for tomorrow Anyway, uh, I am trading this as most people I think should My advice would be to trade this like you're in the biggest snowstorm of your life Driving in a car down in interstate Uh with fog Do not believe that you can see that much Farther forward If you were short from the top and you came down here God, I love you But I'd have the finger on the cell button or the or the cover button I wouldn't necessarily click it But I'd have it on it. I wouldn't be I mean, I think you're you're it's kind of like seeing a hundred year old, uh, woman And uh, trying to make bets on whether she makes it the next day or week Or or two, right? You know it's common now When is that going to come? Hard to exactly tell in the stock market. We have, um, some big indicators like the tick and would this change Trajectory of people, uh, that we're all, uh, bearish. No it's just that, uh now It's uh, sometimes these are the sweetest trades of all time Just because the incredible level of Of returns if you're right uh Yeah Somebody I was saying I actually thought this was the good first good sign on gold for a while and You know the volume in there, but this is uh, you know with the market down it actually getting bought a little bit I think a little some of that has to do with um crude It's crude still up to two dollars and forty cents But uh, kind of the first decent signal that this thing has any life in it Maybe it's just making a small abc to the downside to get to the 1776 Maybe people actually with crude under 120 now start looking at gold a little bit more um, I I need 1775 or 1776 doesn't really matter Uh, kind of in that area and gold to get me excited As we said before in downturns and bear markets Do not be surprised to see the stuff that they should be holding Is the stuff that they're selling and the stuff that they should be selling is the stuff that they should be selling Holding is the stuff they should be selling. It seems like no one Can do the right thing even uh folks that are Supposed to be market professionals will uh do the wrong thing Okay, so let's go back. Oh I got rid of that chart Um stream is still running Okay, let's get back up here. I got my charts now after our technical difficulties Uh, let's go to dave in framing ham How you doing david? How are you? good david question On the gld looking at the gold we bought them looks like i'm looking at the chart three days ago But back in may we had a low of 16801 and now we had a 168 30 Is are we calling this a double bottom and then we have three tops that this time we should get through the top of 174 94 here So you're talking gld, right? Say that again You are talking the gld, right? Correct. Yeah, that we have we've had a double bottom here and then we had a double bottom with 13 million shares Uh at 168 on may 13th You had a low of 13.3 million shares So you matched the volume now you had a low volume bounce Uh, I would say uh, if you wanted good risk reward You want one more retest of the 168 low And you want something like we may not get that We may you may not I I would say that your risk reward is not good until you do, okay So yeah, can it go higher? Yeah, I'm not worried about that. I'm worried about whether or not the risk reward is in the trade There's a lot of trades that I just walked by because in fact there was one today And I think that there's a 90 chance this thing's going higher But at best in options it was two to one And I know that even though I think it's 90 percent that it's probably going there It's not worth it because uh, any kind of news article could come out Between now and then and it could that took a fairly good trade into a loser So I know on options, especially options expiration I've got to have four to one on this one if you're buying an equity or an etf You tell it test that previous low on lighter volume. There's almost always better fish in the sea back in a minute Sharpening your skills as an investor is like getting better at playing a musical instrument You have to practice sure, but you also need excellent instruction from experts at tfnn You'll get advice and guidance from the authority and technical market analysis And it's not just dry tedious text either tfnn airs live financial content streamed live on tfnn.com and tfnn's youtube channel with tiger tv Live every market day from 8 30 a.m. To 4 p.m. Eastern for free Each host is an experienced trader and gives their take on the market while taking calls and questions live from around the world From the moment the market opens until the closing bell sounds tiger tv has eight different shows with expert hosts To help you make the right moves with your money Watch online at tfnn.com or on tfnn's youtube channel and become the investor you were born to be tfnn educating investors You might think that if you want to be successful at trading in the stock market You're going to need a crystal ball after all it's impossible to predict the future, right? Like any endeavor in life before you decide it's impossible get some advice from the experts You might find that it's not so impossible after all for daily market overviews that give you direction on the key indices selective stocks and commodities Subscribe to the opening call newsletter at tfnn.com The opening call newsletter is written by basal chapman creator of the trading methodology known as the chapman wave The chapman wave up down sequence gives you an edge in identifying price turns finding the peaks and valleys and stock prices Get the opening call newsletter by basal chapman and your inbox every day First time subscribers also get a 30 day money back guarantee If you're not satisfied let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up tfnn.com educating investors Everything in the universe is governed by the fibonacci sequence This mathematical principle is responsible for everything from the most aesthetically pleasing artwork to patterns in the stock market To stay on top of stock patterns you can take advantage of sign up for the fibonacci 24 7 newsletter at tfnn.com When you subscribe you'll get a weekly report from veteran day trader Larry pesavento on stocks you need to pay attention to and you can trust larry's analysis After all he's got 45 years experience as a day trader Larry will also provide daily charts videos and data on the key markets that he's tracking Expect notifications from larry on market movement. You need to act on at any time First time subscribers also get a 30 day money back guarantee If you're not satisfied let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up Subscribe to the fibonacci 24 7 newsletter today tfnn.com educating investors Catch tom will bryan professional trader and educator founder of tfnn Also a special guest on cnbc tom will bisect and dissect the markets the tom will bryan show next on tfnn And we're back. Yeah, we've got day from framing ham on the line. I think still there right here. Hi david David I have anything which is I understand what you're saying about the bottoms there But we got three tops here and there's a gap at 180 And there's a gap at 180 184 Don't you think that if we got through the 174 94 we'd be headed up to fill those two gaps We could be That's but it's it's it's a game of odds And the question is in the cat and it's no different than getting Uh, a two and an eight handed to you when you're playing poker Right.  So i'm too.  Okay So you you want you want the angel on your on your shoulder to say Yeah, I did the things that I I've seen in the past That have led To that Anyway, thanks for the call. Thank you. So what you can not when you have to we will see you tomorrow same bad channel same bad time Building wealth trading in the stock market seems impossible to most people


I'm always up to something your boys always think of the next banger I could possibly drop but before I get into anything if you guys into the channel make sure you guys hit that subscribe button turn on your post Notification bell leave a positive comment down below for chance to get a post notification shout out at the end of today's video So like I said guys your boys always thinking about the next banger the next dub I could drop on team genie's because if we being honest here team genie's is filled with a bunch of losers Sorry, not sorry, but yeah guys genie's is currently outside taking blooper on a little walk this morning So I have a little bit of time to do this intro and let you guys know what's about to go down So genie's thinks we're gonna be vlogging today little does she know I'm gonna be pranking that ass So when we get into the car and we set the camera up and we do our intro together and all that She's gonna expect me to take off and start driving little does she know I'm gonna tell her that I'm scared to drive now If you guys know me if you guys are an og on the channel you guys know I am a super super Car guy cars are my life.  You're Isaiah, what do you mean? And then my excuse for me telling her that I'm scared to drive is that I'm gonna tell her Oh, you know I had a nightmare last night and I got into a little car accident and now I don't want to drive Which is completely BS guys me if anything I just love driving no matter what I've gotten into a car accident before So I know how it feels and I know how scary it can be but it doesn't saw me if anything I just want to get back on the road again. I just love driving. That's just who I am If you guys are ready for today's video make sure you guys smash that thumbs up button comment down below team I say all day every day you guys already know I'm always dropping the bangers for you guys and with all that being said Let's get into today's video. What's going on if in a fam Welcome back to another video if you guys are new to the channel make sure you guys hit that subscribe button Turn on your post notification, but leave a positive comment down below for a chance to get a wha I just get a shout out in the next video that is right guys. So today we're gonna be vlogging it out But before we get into today's video, I just want to say that last night We finally finished season seven or nine Seven Bad girls club. I didn't think I was gonna like that show at all. I thought it was gonna be you know a girly and whatever But the drama in that show is ridiculous. I'm very happy you put me on to that I want to see what there's like five other seasons on Hulu that we start to catch up on Yeah, and it sucks because Hulu only started from season seven So Isaiah didn't see all the seasons before that even though to me they were a little not entertaining The good ones are yet to come, but you know what I noticed though I came to the conclusion with that show is that you are Judy Oh, I am not Judy you are Judy. I am not Judy.  No, I would feel like I'm more of like Tiara. I don't think so Tiara can't dance Yeah, but she's like funny. She likes to have fun. All right. Who am I them? Who would you say I am?  Shelly was a punk in that show yo. Yeah, I know she was a punk But all right, I'm not about bad girls club. We're gonna get this vlog started. So is there anything else you want to say? No, let's just get into it. All right, let's do it UPS guys. You're late today Oh, no, it's a different driver, that's why probably he has like different Why are you looking at your steering wheel like that? You good. Yeah Drive wait, what's the rush? Why are you like waiting to drive? What's the rush? What are you rushing for baby? Usually like turn on the music? Okay, what's the rush? I'm just saying I want to take a chill today like, okay I'm just saying we usually just like skirt off. I know how you love to do that So I'm just like sitting here a little taken back. Why are you looking at the steering wheel like that? Bro? Can I just have a moment? You're like rushing me. What's good with you? Can I just have a moment a moment for what geez bro? I'm not even saying anything about you driving right now. Okay, but you're like waiting for me to go like chill, bro Let me get in my zone first. Are you okay? I'm good. Are you good? I'm fine, but you're a patient today No, I think you're just acting weird. How am I impatient? I'm patient today I don't care about where we're going or anything like that. Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay. Let me just have my moment Are you okay now?  I Can't do it. What I can't do it. What happened? I can't What do you mean you can't drive? I can't drive. I don't I can't do it. Why I'm scared I can't do it. You're scared to drive. I can't do it. Why are you scared to drive? My anxiety just got like really high. I can't For what? Because what are you so scared about? I'm driving. I don't want to I don't want to drive You don't can you drive today? Wait, but why do you have anxiety of driving? Can you just drive today? I really don't want to talk about it What do you mean you don't want to talk about it? Is it has to do with like the car or something else? I don't feel like I don't know. I don't feel like driving today. I'm tired. You're tired. Yeah I don't want to drive. Maybe you always want to drive So what's really bothering you because you always want to drive. So what's what's going on? Nothing's going on. I just don't want to drive. You're lying. I'm not lying.  What's wrong, but I don't know. I'm tired You're tired You don't look tired babe, I Just don't want to drive today. I don't I don't I just don't bro. I just don't can you just drive No, why would some what no you're saying you don't want to drive We can hop in your car if you don't want to drive this car I know you'll be scared of this car. I'm scared to drive in general, but like I can drive if you really want me Okay, so you drive. I don't feel like driving. Okay, that's fine Then we can just drive in my car But can you just at least tell me what's wrong because I feel like you're like beating around the bush of what you're really feeling I don't want to tell you because I don't want you to judge me Judge you. What did you do? I don't want you to judge me. What did you do promise me? You're not gonna judge me Babe, what did you do promise me? You're not gonna judge me. You promise? Yes I had a bad dream last night And I got into a car accident and now I'm scared to drive. I don't want to drive Okay Why would I judge you for a dream? Because you just said like it's me. I love driving and all that so for me to fold like this Is not normal. Like it's not me. I don't feel like driving. I'm like scared It's not you, but I never thought that I would hear those words come out of your mouth if I'm being honest with you Like I'm honestly very scared to the point like I want to cancel the car that I Custom ordered like I don't even want my new car to come in Like I don't I don't think I want to drive anymore. Okay, babe. Can I can I just like all right I understand that your dream was scary and I'm sorry that you had to go through that experience But just like you tell me like you can't live your life in fear I know but it's fresh like it just happened last night. So it's like babe, but it's not every place over in my head But it's not real. I understand but it can be real. God forbid.  Someone can just hit me and that's that so like I'm scared like At the minute I put this car in drive and we go to that stop sign over there. Someone can just And that's that so I know and that's stuff I think about every single day But like I just so I really don't want to talk about it I appreciate you like giving me advice and I really do I just really don't want to talk about it because it just it replays over and over in my head Okay, but honestly like God is protecting the both of us.  It's me.  Yes. Yes. Do I endanger others on the road? No, because I usually do it when there's no one else on the road if anything I'm endangering my life and that's on me and I know I shouldn't be doing it I know I shouldn't be doing it. It's coming 100 on me, but Like I said, it doesn't have to be me at fault. Someone can just hit me and that's what happened in my dream You can't think about that. I just can't drive like I don't feel comfortable. I'm honestly like Babe, this is not like you at all.  Do you know who you are? Look at me. Look at me. Why? Babe, it's not gonna make me feel better.   Who's scared? Team Isaiah for the win baby. I appreciate I appreciate it a whole lot I'm telling you but that was a lie that whole thing right there. That was a lie I would never be scared to drive. I could get into three more accidents. I'm not scared, bro I really don't like like I'm I'm shaking right now because I want to start driving like I'm ready to just floor this thing Unfortunately, I can't though because she'd be with me and I don't want to scare her or endanger her in any way So, but can I get a team Isaiah? You're so annoying. Can I get a team Isaiah? Bro, no Come on, bro. Yo wait until the dream car gets delivered. You're gonna have a blast with me Oh, yeah, so much for the donuts the burnouts. It's gonna be crazy guys I'm gonna make a lot of videos on it too, but yo team Isaiah. Come on. No Come on. I appreciate the whole like pep talk and all that. I love that you did that I really that was the support system that I feel like every guy needs so thank you for that. I love you so much Um, but yo, come on. Give me some give me some, you know, dang why I ain't scared to drive I've gotten into a lot of that's what I'm saying like you're making no sense I've been in a lot of stuff a lot of situations and I I'm never scared to drive if anything I just be like, yo, let's get back on the road. What are we doing? You got anything you want to say the drive I'm gonna drive dang bro because I'm hungry. So I want to go pick up some food real quick But yo guys that is it for today's video. That was a quick one a little short one to the point I'm not gonna lie.  Maybe we don't have to drive. Maybe we could stay home for a couple of days I felt like that's what you were gonna do. You really you know what? Let's just stay away from the road for a couple of days I was just gonna say I can drive maybe I can Work on my fear while you're going through yours But like I said guys, that is it for today's video If you guys enjoyed it, make sure you guys smash that thumbs up button Also, smash that thumbs up button if you guys enjoyed Janice's reaction If you thought it was a good reaction, I really liked your reaction That was the emotional support system every guy needs Period So with all that being said guys, it is now time for today's post notification shout out Today's post notification shout out goes out to Lucinda Watts Thank you so much for your love and support Isaiah and I love you and if you want a post notification shout out All you guys got to do is like comment share and subscribe and turn on those post notification bows So you know if I whenever we post a new video and with all that being said Yo on my car guys drop a comment down below. Let me know that you guys are here And with all that being said we will see you guys in the next video


Hey guys, it's Shrivani back with another interesting video on how to get back deleted photos using photos recovery So if you have never used this tool before or don't know where to start, this is the tutorial for you Whether you have lost some of your important photos accidentally deleted them or formatted the hard disk without taking a backup Using this best picture recovery tool, you can restore deleted photos in no time So without any further ado, let's get started using photos recovery You can get back photos deleted from SD card hard drive USB drive thumb drive. So let's begin Download and install photos recovery on your PC Launch photos recovery. You get a list of internal and external hard drives Select the drive from which you want to restore deleted photos If at this point you have not connected your external drive, go ahead and connect it Once connected, you will be able to see it under the removable section. To recover raw photos, click on gear icon Select settings Filter options from the left panel Checkmark the box next to raw photos If the drive is locked, you will have to unlock it first. Once the drive is selected, click start scan If the drive is formatted or you want to recover all deleted images whether old or new, select deep scan and then click start scan The scanning is going to take time depending on the drive size So sit back and let photos recovery do the work Wait for the scanning to finish Review the results using either the list view or tree view In the right panel, you will be able to see a preview of photos One thing I would like to mention, sometimes you might not be able to see a preview But this doesn't mean the images will not be restored. You can get back that photos too Now that the scanning is done, how are you going to recover them? It's pretty simple You can either click the recover button to restore all deleted photos or you can select individual pictures to restore And then hit the recover button In case you know the final name, use the search bar. Select the location where you want to save recovered images Recover A real quick tip here Make sure you're not saving it not the same location from where you are trying to recover the images Doing so will likely override the sectors and this is what we don't want With that said, if you are recovering pictures from an SD card, save it on an external hard disk Similarly, if you are restoring images from a hard disk, try to save it on another storage device Not on the same one. This is a very important thing to remember Once done, you will get the message of successful photo recovery So that's it. We hope this video helps you with recovering photos from a hard disk, SD card, camera and usb stick To learn more such tricks and tips, please subscribe to our channel. See you next time


We are saying this,here at Simeh Mama Hirinii are the people here. They shouldn't have left Delicious Kuchui, we have to apply for it with various policies. Mama Shreewe Mwa! Mama Mary-Shree Npared here for Sm Ujari utuanga e emalizatumdi onimes pama independent wa sababu niki ingiha. Natakani sungi na wananchi, sena storia kuita baba wala. The Kembo County Assembly is expected to adjourn after finalizing its legislative calendar for their second assembly. The assembly which was inaugurated in 2017 has passed 32 bills so far, 438 motions and 170 statements. Tugadagu wei the 45 petitions. We've been the first assembly in Kenya to successfully prosecute an impeachment motion in the Senate. Again as a sitting gana which has been upheld by the High Court and the Court of Appeal. And we also did another essential motion again as a sitting CEC, which again was upheld by the Employment and Neighbor Relations Court at the High Court level and was also upheld by the High Court Human Rights and Human Rights and Constitutional Division. We'd have a situation where money is coming from the Treasury directly to the accounts of the assemblies for their own development programs and also recurrent expenditure. At as of now it is very dismo, it is there is a push and pull between governors and speakers and the MCAs. But we hope that in the future this will be addressed. The number of people in Dyanido food aid across the country has reached 4 million. A situation that has been compounded by the drought that has plagued many parts of the country. According to the World Food Program WFP at least $130 million approximately $13.7 billion shillings is required to support them in Masabit County being one of the worst hits. Which is the main source of livelihood that have lost their livestock, half the population have lost their livestock, which is the main source of livelihood. These families are also moving to drought fallback areas to really try and see if they can get some pasture for their livestock. We have had a high meditation rates of children with a gam rate of around 20, some going to about 28 per cent. And therefore hotspots here as a north whore. We have passed a 7-way deal for a short break, see you on the other side of this. Komashizu, please stay tuned. Many thanks for staying with us. You are watching news between Y254 TV. Now Afadirof 2 in Tiyati has gone back to class following the opening of a new school in the area. The Tiyati Secondary School has been healed as a beacon of hope for many dropouts who most of their time resort to crime. Who would otherwise be po- We are extremely happy and we see that slowly but surely we will be eradicating all manner of bad cultures among our people with the transformation we are bringing through education. This is the only way. We are told many stories that we are backward, we are swad, nothing. Everybody has to begin somewhere. But now because of the onset of this school, it has encouraged even those who have been staying at home for some time. So you see when it has completely eradicated because this number you see here, this number could have stayed at home and that one could have bring some problems in the future. So education as such has really transformed this. The video gaming industry in Kenya is slowly gaining its space in the entertainment industry, more so in urban centers like Nairobi since its introduction in the country in the year 2007. However, a section of Kenyans have reservations about video gaming some timing it as a waste of time with others comparing it to gambling despite the two having little if anything in common. Gaming is nice, it is idea sauna, kuna wata wanakuja wana jaribu kucharo ka drugs kujaku gamu. So pure gaming is idea, the timing is ana. We all come together so that we can entertain ourselves so that we can be able to interact. When you win it's like a competition in our class so it's overall just for entertainment. I play video games professionally not just because someone has I pray it's professional. They have played places like Norway, England and yes it's good. And video games just for entertainment that can lead to various financial losses. Video games are part of entertainment while letting me come into Nikanahaswa. Most people game as from 11 to 4, 11 to 10 p.m. So you have to be available at that site. Now all goods imported to Kenya will now have to pass the pre-export verification. Stage after six companies were cleared by the Kenya Bureau of Standards to offer the services for general goods. This standards body has picked a bureau where it has Kenya China Certification and the inspection group company CCIC China Handsome Inspection and Certificate Society General SGS TUV Aoshi Tak and the World Standardization Certification and Testing Group based in Shenzhen City China. The energy and petroleum regulatory authority is urging members of the public to be vigilant and report cases of fuel agitation and illegal trade in a liquefied petroleum gas. These follow the series of surveillance and test whose results indicated a myriad of formal practices including offering for sale diesel meant for export as well as offering for sale super petrol and diesel are all dotted with domestic kerosene in at least nine sites across the country. Consequently, the APRA has sealed the pump operations belonging to the operations found non-compliant. Kenya has embarked on a countrywide campaign to sensitize small and medium businesses on the opportunities offered by the African continental free trade trade cabinet secretary Betty Minas says Kenya has prepared a national implementation strategy that provides a framework for the implementation of the AFCTFTA to facilitate an expansion of the country's trade and investment in African support structural transformation. And as Kenya targets 50% motorized power use in farms by 2030 Sifu society groups have begun equipping farmers across the country with the tractors in a bid to catalyze and faster progression towards these goals. Farmers in Kaka Mega County received three tractors and a 4.2 acre parcel of land from Shofko in efforts to enhance motorized power use. The Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization CARO has partnered with SNV Netherlands to implement a three-year improved forage plan for arid and SME arid lands targeting three counties. The plan targeting Teta Veta Kajadu and Naroka counties is aimed at enhancing agro-pastoralist livestock through climate smart innovations and sustainable land escape management. The World Bank has approved a $500 million loan to strengthen Egypt's resilience to food crisis and support reforms in food security policies. The Russian Ukraine war has driven up prices and created nutrition shortages, particularly for people who rely on bread for their daily nutrition needs. In top oil exporters in Saudi Arabia may raise prices of light crude crades to Asia for the second straight month in August on the back of recorded distillate margins and strong export premiums for Middle Eastern oil at this month. The officials are selling price for Saudis of flagship Arab light crude coderized by about $2.4 a barrel from the previous month. And away from Kenya, following the death of the dozens of migrants who lost their lives during a smuggling attempt from Mexico to the United States, this suspected driver of the truck they were ferried in has been arrested and accused conspirator has also been arrested and they have been both charged with human trafficking offences. Now in spots Romelu Lukaku has returned to Inter Milan on a season long just a year after living for Chelsea. Chelsea paid into a club record fee of 97.5 million pounds for the 29-year-old last summer but before Christmas the player made it clear that he was not happy at the club and hoped to rejoin the Italian aside in future. Andy Moray says he aims to improve his ranking before the US open so that he can be seated and avoid facing high ranked players early in the tournament. Moray and together with Imah Rudikand was among the big names to be knocked out of the Wimbledon. Many things for staying with the news but let's do this again next week Thursday until then enjoy the rest of our programming. Many news in the Lava Hiliu have yourself a very good night. Enjoy the rest of our programming. Good night and goodbye.


Hello everyone. My name is Dmitry. I'm going to talk about machine learning experiment management, how we create machine learning experiment, how to become more efficient on the experimentation phase, and what kinds of open source tool we can use in order to be more efficient. I'm happy to be here first time in San Diego. It is probably the warmest place I have ever visited. I was born and raised in Siberia in Russia, and for my entire life I was constantly moving to the south. First I moved in St. Petersburg in Russia, which is a way warmer place than Siberia, as you can imagine. Then I relocated to sunny Seattle, and a couple years ago I moved to California to San Francisco. When I work at Microsoft, I was data scientist at Microsoft, and I have seen how large companies are organizing machine learning process. What kinds of best practices they use, how they make team to be more efficient, and what kinds of tools they have built to be more efficient. Today we are working on open source tools and machine learning tools, and we use some ideas and some of the best practices that I have seen in large companies. Also I am one of the creator of DVC project, which is Git for Data, DataVersionControl. Today we are going to cover some of the open source tools, including DVC. So my opinion might be a little bit biased, because I am creator of one of those, but I try to cover this problem from different angles. But first let's discuss what is why ML is special? Why should we think more about machine learning? There is one opinion that we are not very efficient when we are doing machine learning. We are wasting a lot of time already doing the same thing. We are making the same mistake over and over again. We don't know how the process needs to be organized and what kinds of tools that needs to be built. To understand this problem better, let's take a look at the difference. Difference between software engineering and machine learning experimentation. And the first straightforward difference is hyperparameters. Some people think that machine learning is about choosing the right set of hyperparameters and getting the best metrics. This is partially true. Machine learning actually includes a few stages. We process and prepare our data sets for ML training. First, second, we develop our algorithms. We do the coding, kind of a usual coding job. And then at certain level, we do hyperparameter tuning. And then this cycle repeats again. What is special about hyperparameters? The dynamic of the project changes a lot in this stage. Because instead of running one, two experiments in a day, we start running dozens of those in a day. Sometimes even hundreds and thousands. And the next question would be, all right, we have all these experiments with different set of parameters. How can we track and store this information? When I work at academia, I usually use, like, pen and pencil to put all this information. And it works fine for small teams or for a single person. If you work as a team, you probably need to communicate this information better. And one of the common way of communicating this information is Excel spreadsheet. You can store this information in some Excel or online and share with your team. So you will see what kinds of experiments you have run, what kinds of parameters were used. The next question would be, all right, but how can I return back to the best experiment? So machine learning is metrics driven. And we need to preserve and store all these metrics along with the parameters. This is how you can choose the best combination of metrics, the best experiments from hundreds of experiments that you have run. And the same table can be used. And many teams doing this, even in high-tech industry, even in large technology companies. So you have all this history of your experiments, parameters, metrics you can pick and choose the best one. The next question would be, but how about the models? When you know what set of parameters produces the best set of metrics, you probably won't be really happy to run training again. You don't want to spend another hour, day or week to get the same model. And people usually store models as a separate file and keep them in some place. So you need to come up with some creative names for these data files, for these model files and put all this information to the same table, to the same Excel spreadsheet. So you won't be running this training again. The fourth difference is data sets. So we are dealing with bigger data sets with gigabytes of data, sometimes with even hundreds of gigabytes. And data sets are evolving. We do have a version of our data sets. This is especially true for production environment. When you might have a new data every day, every week, you have more and more labels. When you do modeling, you probably hack your data by yourself because you see some issue in data sets. You create new labels. You run some argumentation algorithms to extend your data set or some active learning techniques to increase the amount of data that you have. And the version of data set becomes a big pain, especially because of the size. It takes time to just copy the data set. So the same solution as a model, which is quite common, you create a copy of your data set, copy of your directory, for example, with some name. And you put this information on the same place close to the same experiment. The last difference is, which is actually not difference. It's a similarity. It's code. We still work with code. We still write a lot of code, especially on this modeling stage. And this code needs to be stored and versioned on your version control system. So this is kind of basic assumptions. And I believe everyone is doing this. What is special about ML? We need to... Code is not enough. We have all this variety of artifacts around experiments. Code, data, hyperparameters, metrics, and everything form an experiment. And everything needs to be stored together with a clear connection with each other. So for code, of course, you can store all these commits the same way as you store it to the data, to the same table. So as you see, the table with information about experiments becomes bigger, bigger, and bigger. And you probably have the same engineering intuition that spreadsheet is not the best way how you organize your workflow. If people use Excel spreadsheet to manage the workflow, to manage collaboration, it means something is broken in the process. And why that? First of all, because of people involved in this process. You need to ask people to put this information to the table. And not everyone wants to do this. Not everyone is ready to spend his or her time for this. And it is too easy to make a mistake. You can run one experiment, change one hyperparameter, change your target metrics, and forget about the change in the rest of the metrics. So you don't have clear, correct information. And when we think about automation, how to become more productive, how to be in the experimentation phase, we need to think about replacement of this table. We need to think about automation of those of these steps. And tools help you, and we will cover some of the tools. So first of all, let's take a look at the experiment. So our experiment contains data code, model, metrics, and hyperparameters all together. And we need to preserve them together and keep track of all these artifacts. So for automation, we will cover three tools, MLflow, GitLFS and DVC, data version control. The first tool is MLflow. You can easily find and install the tool. We will focus on tracking part of the tool, which is very important for experimentation phase. MLflow is focused on hyperparameter tuning stage. It gives you ability to run dozens and hundreds of experiments and store all this information, all the output, outputs of the experiments in some internal databases. You can store hyperparameters, metrics, ML models, and even data sets. And all this information goes to some internal database by default in your machine, in your local machine, and you can set up a central one. So how it works. It requires some code modification. MLflow is a library for Python or Scala in our world, it means Spark. And you need to import the library and inject some statements with your hyperparameters, with your metrics, and output files that your code produces. When you run this code, when you run your training, all this information will be moved and stored in some database. And through UI, you can see the result. Have you recognized this table? This is actually the same Excel spreadsheet as we saw before. And MLflow basically automates this Excel spreadsheet. What is important to know about MLflow? MLflow copies all this information to some internal database, which means it can work really well for your hyperparameters and metrics. They're just numbers, right? It might work really well for models, because models, there's relatively small files, right? And it probably does not work for data. When you work with gigabytes of data, gigabytes of data set or 100 gigabytes of data set, you probably don't want to create copy over and over again in this experiment, right? For many reasons. And another problem, there are no clear connection between your code and outputs. So your hyperparameters and metrics will evolve separately to your source code. There are some tricks how to connect them together. But this is going to be on your shoulders. So you need to modify. You need to put like a checksum or something to connect these two worlds of metrics and source code. So to connect your code and data inside of experiments, people can use Git LFS, which stands for large file storage. LFS helps you to manage larger data files, as you might guess. It's just a Git extension. And it provides the same, absolutely the same API as Git. When you install Git LFS, you will be able to add your data files inside your repository. So what have changed? First of all, you have a clear connection between your code, your data, and your models. Git LFS is not machine learning specific. They are no concept of metrics. There is no concept of hyperparameters, of course. But those three pieces connected through Git. So, and Git LFS can give you, can bring you to a new level in this experimentation phase. It works really well until you start working with actually large data files. By large data files, I mean a gigabyte scale. When you jump to like three, four, 10 gigabytes scale, Git LFS, it's not a perfect tool. Because initially, this tool was designed for front-end engineers. It's about storing your image files inside Git repository. LFS is about storing your Photoshop files, which is a couple hundreds of megabytes, into your Git repository. And it's not perfect for a gigabyte scale. Git Hub has a two-gigabyte limitation for LFS project. However, the good thing about LFS, it provides you a usual Git API, which means you can easily connect this tool, this experiment, with your DevOps infrastructure, with your data infrastructure. So, no data version in general for Git LFS, however, model versioning and clear connection with your source code. Now let's talk about data version control. When I worked, when I worked at Latch company, when I worked at Microsoft, we had the system which tracks all our experiments. I had an ability to jump in any experiments from yesterday, last week, last month, like three months ago. And I had, I have basically everything, all the metrics, versions of file that I have used and result that were produced. When I joined a small startup, I was surprised that it's not a thing in other companies. You cannot do this. And if you'd like to keep all your results of experimentation, all your versions of data set, you have to do this by yourself. And if it's okay to keep information about metrics and hyperparameters, it's like adjust the numbers. It's easy to do. With file, it's a tough problem because there are a lot of heavy lifting operations, like a copy file, a renaming file, moving file from my machine to server because I don't have space for all this version. And of course, we had a lot of problems with this. A lot of versions of file were lost. We were doing the same job over and over again. And I was thinking, guys, but how can you survive in this world? And everyone was saying, you know, like, it's fine. This is how machine learning is organized today. This is kind of a state of the art. And I was saying, like, no, it's not a state of the art. I have seen a better world when it's not a problem, when all this heavy lifting part is solved by your tools. And this is just a matter of your tool set to manage and preserve this information about data versioning. So we started the DVC project, which stands for data version control, which provides you get-like experience for large data files. And it's machine learning specific. I'll show you in the next slide.  You add a data remote in addition to your code remote. And all the data goes to the data remote. DVC stores nothing to Git. Because of command-line experience and Git-like philosophy, it's a programming language. Agnostic. It works with your R code, Python code, or whatever custom code or tool you have. So this is how data remote and code remote are organized. From one side you have Git repository, with code and all the meta information. And from another side you have data remote, which can be your S3 bucket, Azure directory, or just like SSH server when you store the data set. And DVC orchestrates these pieces. So basic principle behind DVC, first of all, it was built for large data files. Large means any data file which needs to be processed in a single machine. It's a very natural requirements for machine learning. Because at the end of the day you're doing machine learning and training in a single box. There are some exceptions, but in most of the cases this is true. So we are talking about gigabytes and hundreds of gigabytes scale. Second important thing about DVC, it creates experiments as a Git commit or a branch. Why is it important? First of all, it supports best engineering practices, which is especially important when you are in your algorithm development phase. It should not necessarily work well for in a hyper parameter tuning phase, but in algorithm development phase it's the best practice.  This is kind of a bridge between two different worlds of machine learning and kind of research and DevOps and engineering. This is a gap when the tool set needs to cover. And DVC is not specific. It does have concept of metrics, machine learning pipelines, and it gives you ability to navigate through your Git repository, kind of a high level functions to navigate through your Git repository to find the best commit for your set of metrics. Let's take a look how it works. First of all, you can add any data file inside your repository. DVC is a special additional command. It's not Git, but Semantic is quite the same. DVC add file and your file goes under DVC control. When you do DVC push, data goes to your Git repository, like S3 bucket or SSH server. As a result of this command, some data information will be generated. One additional file for data XML DVC, which contains basically description of the data set, or you can think about it as a pointer to your data set. And Git ignore is going to be modified because data XML should not be stored in Git anymore. This information, this meta information needs to be committed and pushed to your Git repository. So you can do the same thing with images. Initially, DVC was built for kind of an LPS scenario for large files, like one file, 30 gigabytes. But we found that many people use DVC for computer vision problems, which means a lot of images, like hundreds of thousands and even millions. And we optimize DVC for this kind of scenario. Today, you can add a directory with millions of images and push all these images to your data storages and start versioning your image set. So once you created one experiment with data set, this information can be easily, your teammates can easily get this information. They just need to clone your repository with the code, meta information and metrics. And by DVC pool, you can bring everything in all information about this particular experiment to your machine. If you need another experiment, you check out this commit with another experiment, run DVC pool, and you'll get all the information about those, this experiment. Sometimes you don't want to get everything. For example, your experiments create a train, one single model, let's say computer vision model, which is like 300 megabytes, for example. And your initial data set was, let's imagine 50 megabytes. In many cases, you don't want to pool all this 50 gigabytes data set. You just need a model, for example, in deployment scenario. DVC gives you this ability to granularly manage data artifacts. You can say, I need only this data file, pull me this data file, and it will be here. And we have implemented even a simple version, like one line version for this command. When you can say, okay, this is my repository, and I need this data set, data file from the repository. And in one command, you will get a file or a directory. There is a concept of pipelines. It's basically about connecting your data set with your model through a command. And you can build a pipeline and even a doc, like a sequence of command in a pipeline. Let's not focus on this part. So what happened with DVC? We basically replaced our Excel spreadsheet, all this information, with a Git history. And Git history, it's the best source of information engineers come up with. Git logs and the Git history is the information that engineers really trust and really read it. So this is a huge step to the best engineering practices. However, we should understand that this approach, Git based approach, commit based approach, works really great on model creation step, on the coding step, but it might be not the best fit for hyper parameter tuning stage. When you need to run one hundred experiments with the same code, with the same data set, but just small set of hyper parameters is changing. You probably don't want to have 100 commits, the same commits on your Git history, right? So hyper parameter tuning a face can be done kind of separate outside of DVC, outside of your Git repository. So let's summarize our thoughts about experiments and tools. This is the whole picture. And you can see there's some intersection in the tool set. So you can version, for example, ML models with any of tools we just discussed. What also important about the tools we covered, they are not mutually exclusive. You can use different tools in a different phases of your machine learning experiments. You can use DVC during a development stage when you code your algorithms, when you check your high level hypothesis, and you can switch to ML flow when you do hyper parameter tunings, when you do incremental changes in your models. And this is a quite common use case these days. You can find a lot of blog posts about this combination. And people like to use this combination. So Git LFS, it's a very simple way to improve your productivity, to store, to connect your data with your models. But it's not a ML specific tool, and you probably need to have some additional tool set to be more efficient. So today, we are seeing this shift from software engineering to data to machine learning. A similar shift was happening about 30 years ago when we moved from hardware design to software engineering. And today, the new shift might take another 30 years. Does it mean we won't be efficient for another 20-30 years? How to make it faster? How can we become more efficient in next year too, not 30? I believe we need to do four steps. First, we need to understand better what does machine learning experiment means. And we need to understand when we make most of our mistakes in the process. When we lose most of our time in the training process. Second, we need to use automation. We need to use tools. If you don't see any tools for your specific scenario, you probably should invent one. It's an early stage in the tool set, in the ML tool set. What is even more important, this information needs to be shared and communicated among your teammates. You need to probably go to the stage and talk about your successes and failures in modeling process in the tool set. This is very important for our community and industry. And the last thing is open source. Open source is the best way to share this knowledge, to share tools and information about using these tools. So thank you. I am open for your questions.  Please join and ask questions in the booth. Questions? Yeah, sure. So all the techniques we discussed, they are compatible with notebooks. Of course, you can use notebooks. When you run Git-based tools like LFS and DVC, you probably need to learn how to properly store notebooks into Git, right? And there are a few techniques and tools how to do this properly. But in general, yeah, everything is compatible with notebooks. So today, all those connections needs to be made in a custom way. So you need to kind of create a script, how to copy one repository, clone one repository, another repository, and then use them together, right? In DVC, we implemented a special feature, which is called DVC import. You can say, DVC import, give me this repository. It will bring me this dataset from this repository. So it will bring you all the data, and it will keep the connection. So if your next repository will change, for example, a master will move somewhere. It will recognize and you will be able to get the last version. So there are some support for this kind of features. But default standard is, yes, custom script. Yes. So this is actually a very good question because when we started working with DVC, we, like, all this question needs to be answered. How to deal with data, how to keep data immutable, right? So our solution for today, we use some left links, and we separate your workspace and your cache. And we tried very hard to preserve your cache from corruption. So everything in your workspace can be modified, but we still have a version and a cache. When you do some checkouts, you will get this, all right, correct version of the file, not modified version of the file. And there are a lot of tricks which we were using to do this. One of the tricks is reflinks, for example, right? I mean, everyone knows same links and hard links, right? Not everyone knows, like, there are new types of links, like reflinks, copyright semantic. And this is how DVC works today. We utilize reflinks specifically to solve this problem, to separate workspace and cache and not corrupt your actual data set. Yes, you need to install one, centralize, and put all this information in this database. And this is actually the limitation for large data sets, right? It's fine for models, like, to copy 100 megabytes, 300 megabytes even, but not for gigabytes, not for dozens of gigabytes. But in general, as a preserving table, it's just great. Let's, here's first, yeah. Sorry. So I'm not sure I understood the question, but let me try to repeat this question. You're asking about dividing data, right? Do you mean dividing data set in one file into two files, and then process one of those, right? Or both? Yeah. It looks like this is the last question I can answer. So there are no limitation in tool itself. So whatever you can store in your local machine, whatever you'd like your comfortable with to push to S3, it's fine, right? For separating data, it's not a problem. You can separate as many pieces as you can, like millions of images, no problem. If you'd like to separate one file to, like, 100 or, like, three files, again, it's not a problem. You might need to connect all these pieces together. Let's say data set to train and test, and then to model, right? This is why we need pipelines. I mentioned briefly that you can create a pipeline and connect all the pieces together. But I don't see any, like, issues with the numbers of files or numbers of steps you're taking. Some people have, like, 40, 50 steps pipelines. I have seen that. And with many files, as you may guess. So it looks like we don't have time, and I can answer all the questions outside or in both DVC booths in the same floor here. Thank you.


Hi, I'm Dr. Yogish Kamat. I'm a hip and knee specialist and I'd like to tell you a little bit about joint replacements and implants. Now joint replacement as a surgery is gradually gaining wide acceptance because Successful joint replacement surgeries has been very well proved worldwide. The WHO lists hip and secondly knee replacement as the first and the third best surgery that is there on this planet in terms of Improving somebody's quality of life or when somebody has Accepted that they are going to undergo a joint replacement procedure. I have family and relatives Asking me questions relating to what implant is going to go in it is the communist Misconception that success related to joint replacement surgery has to do with a particular type of metal implant I would really like to stress and clarify that it is Technique rather than technology, which is important here We have very good technology across the world now with latest designs of implants Available even in the remotest corners of our country. What is really required is Standardization of good techniques a good hospital would obviously invest in good operation theaters where full-proof maintenance of temperature and Infection control measures are taken care of There are certain things in joint replacement surgery where tolerance is Absolutely zero. We have higher pressure theater environments, which make us able to not really Give more than two to three doses of antibiotics even when we are putting Large metal implants in as regards implants. We often have patients demanding imported implants Now it is not imported or indigenous which makes a difference because we've got very good manufacturing available Indigenously as well. It is whether a good data is Available with that implant being tested in the condition that is in the patient and Being followed up after it has been in the patient for more than a decade Now for example, if you see this one, this is a standard implant which have been there for 20 years it affords very good movement in bending and straightening of the knee Whereas this one is more of a natural knee movement, which as the knee bends it allows it to rotate as well Now these implants are now available at a cost difference of barely 10,000 rupees as regards hip We have a wider variety of different types of materials and The way the implant is put in that is for example, if you see this this is put in with cement and available at half the cost as compared to this one, which is put in without Cement and available with bearings which are made of ceramic now ceramic will last longer But if it is done in the younger patient and older patient who's 70 plus does not Necessarily need the more expensive implant so we can cater this to suit the patient best and with the right technique Make things more acceptable