Cysyllton yw a'r llyfr o'r amser. Yn ceisio y fath! Yn ceisio! Mae'n eu cyffredin panihau allan gyda'r war herolog sydd yn gofyn â gyda llyfr yn Cymru yn ymddiannol ac mae'n gweithio d Laltyniad yn ceisio'r gyd. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio'n gobein ni'n chael mae'n gobein. Mae'n gweithio rôl yn cael ei ddechrau i nifer, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio. Maen nhw'n gweld yn ymddangos ystafell, byddai'n gweithio gael yw'r amser a'r meddwl i'r gyffredinol. Rwy'n meddwl i'r Ddiwylliannol yn Ffumbland a'r Cymru. Mae'r Llyfrgell yn y dda i ddau i'r Gael, ac mae'n dod yn ddioledig. Ac oes, fel y brall yn gyfer y llunio, mae'n gweithio gael y Llyfrgell yn cael ei ddweud. gyda'r swerd o'r rhain o'r ffilm, a dwi dwi'n ddod i'n'r ymgrifoedd. Dwi wedi'u gyrddr nhw i'r 18, ac rydyn ni wedi'u gyrdd y Ffarshwyth. Rydyn ni wedi'u gyrddr nhw i'r Ffarshwyth yn y gynyddu yng Nghaerfod Rydym yr Unig, I wnaeth ynghyd yn Ffraeg, ein oedd y Ffraeg, Afghanistan, a Ffraeg i Gwair. Felly, mae'r cyfrifiad yw hwnnw. Mae hwnnw wedi bod yn cymorth o'r cyfrifio hanesol o'r ryw mewn. Felly, mae hwnnw i'n gweithio gweithio'r arddur i'n gweld yn y fawr, ond mae'n gweithio'r cyfrifio'r gyferfyrdd, ac yn ymddangos mawr, mae'r oedd ymddangos gweithio. Mae'r oedd y gallwn arweinydd o'r ffain yw'r amser, a mae'n gweithio ofer o'r ymddangos fel oed yn ddiwedd y lleol a gofynol ar y ddefnyddol ymddangos o'r ymddangos mawr. Yn ymddangos o arma i'w gweithio am y 2010, a mae'r oed yn yr awr ymdangos ym 2012. Ond eu amser, mae wedi gynig o'i feddwl eu paratrypo'n mynd i'r cyflogonodd i'r arddangos. Fy fydd diolch yn i wneud yn ei gynhau sy'n darmarныon gan y starf 18 oed, ac roedd yn y ffordd yn y 24 oed. Dwi wedi cael ei fyddo i fynd i gyd o gyfnoddym ac yn ei gynnig chwi'r lle. Felly, mae'n ni'r ffordd i'r lle sifial o'r gwahanol. Was gynnig o'r ffriddwm gyda'n mynd i'r paratrypus i fod y gallu ystyried i'r gwahanol? Oh, yes. Definitely, definitely. I felt I couldn't just go into a normal civilian role job like say working in office because that's not me. I felt like I always wanted to protect something and being in the army, you know, you learn to do stuff like that and being in maritime, your sole job is protecting the ship cargo and the crew and I enjoy doing it. Is that for me like the pirates and stuff like that and trying to hijack the ship? Yes, definitely. If you came across pirates, whether it be the Indian Ocean or Arabian Sea or in the Red Sea, you've just got to, you know, do your job to the best you can. Yeah, when you were in the Paras, Nick, you get blew up, did you not? Yes, in Afghanistan, me and two of us, we were in a women's land drove on. We drove over a pressure plate mine which went up the engine block. It was quite a nerve wracking experience. Yes, we were all fine, but it just, you know, when you hear, when you've seen people being injured and they've lost an arm and a leg or if not a lot more, that split second, you can't do nothing. And I'm very grateful that it was just a pressure plate mine because no further, no farther to the right of our vehicle, those anti-tank mine, which was identified and that would have wiped us out. Yeah, and that would have been scary. Do you think that was one of the reasons why you wanted to make your transition as well? Listen, it's not exactly any safer garden ships, but do you think you wanted out a bit more because obviously? No, not really. I just, it was just a lot of people when I joined the battalion and everyone that I kind of knew got friends with, they were jumping ship onto ships, so to speak, going to maritime, going to Iraq doing CP close protection. So I thought I'll do both courses and see which I get to do first and maritime was obviously my star and roll, so to speak. So what does maritime, what does that explain that about, Nick? Basically you'll go from say the UK, you'll possibly fly to say Sri Lanka, you'll board a ship and you'll guard that ship, say that ship goes up to Muscat in the Oman, you will literally guard that vessel. Sometimes you can be unarmed, but majority of the time because of the threat is real, they will have weapons, so you will be an armed guard just basically making sure that vessel goes from A to B in the safest manner. Well, you made world headline news, obviously the Chanai 6 where 6 years at 30s the ship got, the police came on to the ship, they found guns and ammunition, you get took to prison. How was that experience when they first came on the boat? It was quite a strange experience because it happened in the early hours of the 12th of October 2013 and the tactical deployment officer informed us that we were being escorted to the port of Tutokorain. The vessel that we were on was a company who I worked for was like floating armory ship, so basically you had kit and equipment and when you came off a normal client vessel you sometimes went on to these vessels, so it wasn't an actual client vessel that they boarded and brought a port that was the company's own vessel because I believe they were tipped off that we were potentially doing something illegal, which we weren't and we were brought to the port of Tutokorain at a very slow speed, mind we were only so many nautical miles away and it shouldn't have taken that long, however getting close to the port of Tutokorain we had a massive welcome committee of every naval organisation, police organisation from up and down the country of India to welcome us to say what we've been up to apparently. So it was guns and ammunition, was it 30 guns and 35 weapons? Funny enough there was 35 personnel on that vessel, only 25 could legally use them weapons because they were the amount of guards. So do you have a licence for those weapons? There is like export licences for the weapons, they're not licences such as just basically from the you know the company in say the UK, MOL or XR they would say right these weapons are for the sole purpose of maritime. So they're not necessarily a licence because that means every weapon would have a single licence and then we would, you've got a weapons competency certificate so it makes you enable to use these weapons for maritime. So did you just know the weapons and the ammunition was on the ship? Yeah definitely, we were not operating, we were waiting to take fuel and ammunition so all the weapons, the kit, ammunition were stored locked away and there's only two people that could have access to that room, one was the captain obviously and the tactical deployment officer which he would have a key as well. So when the police came on the boat and then eventually that's what he's getting charged with, you must have thought at that time then everything's fine? Oh yeah definitely, we obviously have to show the kit and equipment and the weapons and ammunition to the police, to the course guard, to anyone even when you're on a client vessel if you have to go to a port or call you've got them locked, you've got them sealed, stamped signatures, whatever, you show the police this is our weapons for armed security and they go yes no problem. So you've showed those weapons and ammunition before but yet when the boat get raided they've changed at that time? They just said we found weapons and that was it? Yeah that was the beginning of a four year nightmare. So this is when the nightmare obviously began when you were fighting for your freedom because the maximum sentence you could have got up to 10 years? I believe between seven and 10 years but we got five years initially. And how was the foreign office and stuff? Were they backing you? Were they helping you? The foreign office, my personal take on it, they did as much as they physically could. I think during the early stages of the four years they were quite apprehensive, they wanted to physically know had we done anything wrong, we hadn't done anything wrong. Six of the weapons that they said were illegal, mine were in Mumbai one month previously so if they were going to be illegal they would have been stopped then. Them said weapons were, they had the export document licences from BIS which is a UK government organisation yet the Indian authority said them weapons don't count for jack outside the UK. So you had the licences from the UK to say that your carry those weapons and everything was legal above board? Practically yes. So what prison did you go to the very first night? When we got arrested off the vessel on the 18th of October mine so we got arrested on the 12th of October, it took six days for them to remove us. Mine, they didn't say you were under arrest suspicious of them, they said we're taking you to hospital for checkup, we never went to the hospital, we went to a police station, we spent all day on the 18th, no food, no very little water, sweating, there was no legal representation for us, there was no one from the British Embassy to say we were literally on our own being shouted and screamed at in Tamil, sign this or we'll ruin your life, sign what, it's a blank piece of paper, I'm not signing nothing. Was that try to get a confession or try to sign? I don't know what they were trying but they honestly believed they were onto something and it took four years for them to realise you're just digging a hole for yourself. Did you ever think you were getting out at one point? Do you ever think I'm fucked, I'm here for good? Because it's a kind of setup? No, I never once allowed my mental state to say that's it, I'm going to spend my long long long long time, I knew I would come home to my family, I knew justice will prevail eventually, it's just a matter of how long. Leading up to the trial and we actually getting convicted for the five years, I spent quite a long time a year and a half with out of prison, which you think how can this be, I've got no charges yet you won't allow me to go home. Did they take your passport and stuff off you? They took our passport off us, they basically ineffectively said we were under country house arrest but we weren't, we literally had no charges that saw, you can imagine spending that length of time from say April 2014 to September 2015, that's a long time having to try and survive in a country where it's not your home, you're going to miss your family every single day, that little bit more as the months and year goes by and you've got to look at the financial strain, yes we had amazing support from the British Legion and the mission to save fares, they helped us out financially and I'd like to say thank you to them but my family still has to pay as well and when you're not earning it mounts up and mounts up. Because you spoke earlier, it's your freedom, it's your time and one of the last times you spoke to your mum as well was when you actually got the first day in prison over there. Yeah well the last time I was able to speak to me man properly before she had a double aneurysm was the morning of us getting arrested and removed off the vessel and it's quite a heartbreak and time for me because you know I'll admit I'm a mommy's boy and you know to tell you, no child once death I tell my parents that I'm getting arrested in a foreign country, I don't know when I'll next be able to speak to you so you can imagine how my family felt once me telling them that. Do you have a lot, you must have a lot of anger then towards the ending government and the way you've been treated? Anger, anger yes but no not really I think yeah I am angry at why the continued to pursue it when the new they had nothing against us I'm angry that they've done that they could have let it go in April sorry July 2014 if they didn't put an appeal in after the 90 days it would have been over no one would have battled any eyelids out of gone wife bloody hell and I probably would have ended up carrying on doing maritime but for them to put an appeal in to the supreme court on day 88 that was just it made it more personal I think.  September that's when September the following year that's when the trial began and going through the trial what would you think to yourself they've not got anything here or I'm fucked? Well turning up the trial was up it wasn't mandatory it was optional on certain days unless the judge required so I'd been a few times and I wasn't prepared to keep spending time nine like nine and a half hours to travel down to court so I just used to say look I'm not coming tell me when I physically gotta be there and I'll be there and when I went on a few occasions I felt absolutely sick to my stomach when our lawyer would translate what say you know when someone goes in the witness town and our lawyer's a cross cross reference and stuff it was disgusting absolutely disgusting hearing the lies from the Indian police. And how many people got charged then? 35 and 35 all get five years each? Yes. 35 people? Do you think there's a lot of corruption then in India? Do you think that's because the people who get the jail were had their man on my show called James Toner as well when he was set up by the police with drugs and he spent four years in prison actually two years in prison and I think he was on bail for two years but you're waiting here anyway. I think that is the same case that our embassy spoke to us about that they mentioned that person and we have obviously fell foul to the corruption of India because they make money from every prisoner they get? Oh yes definitely and it was in the papers on telly in India basically they were saying you know we will arrest anyone if we believe they are committing a crime it's about putting the numbers behind bars not actually doing police work and saying well you are guilty you're going to prison it was you're going to prison it's all about a numbers game. So when you got the five years how was the prison you were in then? The prison central prison one in Puzzal Chennai was a very basic basic prison like a big we were in a big room with you know a few brick shelves and a hole in the floors a waterway would use a bucket to flush away and then use that area potentially for washing and it was just when you look at the bars on the windows and then that time where it comes to locking up at say six o'clock at night and that noise the door makes it sends shivers down your spine because that's when the reality hits in that you're in a prison in a foreign country and when am I coming home? How many people were on your sail? Initially there was 23 in one cell and it became very cramped people as you know have got different hygiene issues and some people are going to start arguing especially when you've got three different nationalities you've got Estonians, Ukrainians and British all in one cell and it did come to a point where the prison gave us two more cells so we could split ourselves down. So all the foreigners were in one cell? Initially and then even they got sick of each other so that's where the third cell came to for a few of their guys so majority of the British were downstairs from the main cell that were initially putting. Because I know your sister Lisa fought a lot for your freedom, she was everywhere doing news reports and fighting a lot, trying to raise money as well we're trying to basically keep you alive over there. Do you think it was and for her you could still potentially be over there? She did what any family member would do for their loved ones you know, mind a lot of the other families didn't do a lot of media and that fully respect their wishes on that but my sister made a pledge that she would do everything that she physically could to make the government aware injustice was being served and she wanted to basically raise so much awareness that everyone would start pouting fingers at India and saying release these innocent men. So yeah I'm very grateful for my sister's done but it was at the end of day a dying man who ended up making way for our freedom. What happened there? Well the Ukrainian captain of the vessel he got born cancer and he was a bit of a you know a player maker I saw he was always going I'm dying, I'm dying so the Indians never took him seriously and he kind of was really bad, he was sick and he had born cancer and basically his case was going through the courts while we were still waiting on a decision at High Court he obviously got his case heard at Supreme Court off the grandest judge of the whole of India and that's what got us off our freedom. When you got your freedom how was that feeling? I remember to this day and I'll remember for the rest of my life it was the 27th of November 2017 on a Monday the night before I know it sounds corny cheesy whatever but the song the final countdown came on that radio and I said to the lads in the cell I said that's it it's over tomorrow and they were always quite apprehensive I will see I said no no it's over we are getting the decision tomorrow I don't care it's happening and we will be home for Christmas that's how positive I was and a lot of them didn't like that because they're just wanting quite apprehensive fairly out of them maybe I was masking my apprehensiveness but I felt positive I felt confident something good was going to happen and you can imagine no one got sleep that night so all day you're waiting oh we're going to hear news we're going to hear news and we will obviously the last case I think 40 odd cases surprise surprise the last to get heard and I was outside in my little makeshift gym and I remember Paul Towers coming to the bars and he shouted dunny dunny I went what and you could hear it in his voice it was a mixture of tears and happiness rolled into one and he says that's it cases are quitted it's over and I was just buzzing I said I told you I told you you know and I went back to me work out and I went I can't date me my head was just flowing so much emotion and great feeling and that was just before Christmas that was just before Christmas the next day was the day we got brought out of prison which has never happened in their court before normally you've got to wait for the court order basically the judge is going get them out now so the next day obviously you're just still on the hang you know you so you never slept again so there's two nights with no sleep and I had to get out that cell and I started training just to try and tire myself out and I was walking around the compound Paul's obviously been summoned to the superintendent and he's came back and as I've come round he's come in through the compound gate I said what's going on he says pack your bags the embassy's coming at 11 and my knees buckled and my knees buckled and it was an amazing feeling absolute an amazing feeling to be told not just it's over but you're getting out of that shit hole you're leaving prison and obviously everyone was packing that stuff I was like well I'll just wait because I know things don't go smoothly in India there's say five minutes and now I'm late I still not so I was just playing playing it cool me I was just I would get me stuffed down everyone was down at the main office where the superintendent and they came in the embassy's here what the deputy high commissioner the the high commissioner and the two embassy girls that came and it was real real nice feeling saying them with their vehicles for you to leave and we went from the prison to the embassy in Chennai and obviously I rung me sister and I said it's me and she went who's this I went it's me I'm out and obviously she was buzzing and she went I'm on me wait a new castle airport I'm coming to get you it was just mad mad feeling how were you treated when you got home oh well obviously it is online to see the day of my arrival in a new castle airport in the 7th of December 2017 it blew my mind not even the family was expecting all of that to be there but to come home you could say it was like to a hero's welcome of some sort and I was thinking I wasn't a hero I was just a guy from Washington doing a job I enjoyed doing and this could have easily happened to someone else but to have fantastic support from the northeast parts of England and different countries of world it was really really fantastic to know people cared for our mistreated you know time in India and from the bottom of my heart I want to thank you to those people you can tell your emotions and they were running high does that bring back then a lot of emotions speaking about it I'm okay if I talk yes there's always going to be emotions it was an emotional four years of a roller coaster ride for me and my family but I believe for my own mental health I have to talk about it because anyone who knows me if I keep reading I'll probably blow a gasket and that's when you're not in control of your mental still mental health and I don't want to be one of those people who end up losing control I would try and control my emotions and channel it and you know speak I refer back to the past to see how far I've come in the future that's the only time I look back and talking about what happened is good for me yes I do get a bit emotional at times on certain subjects but which isn't a bad thing by the way it's not a bad thing but it helps me deal with the mental aspects of day to day 11 now how's the how've you cope now back in normal society background well you can imagine my first week I remember it's people don't understand the day to day house appliances and I remember putting a load of washing might not have been spending four years of putting my washing in a bucket and hand washing so when I've looked it and I've put a load in the washing machine and I've looked at the washing machine and I've gone how the hell do you work this so I was on the phone how do you work your washing machine you go turn it to the right ones press start I went all right jazz putting that kettle on not having to put it over a stove hot water having a bath I hadn't had a bath in four years had cold showers and bucket showers in the prison you know it was a man sounds like torture it was mad you know sitting on a toilet I know people will never experience having to squat over a hole and then having to flush you know that's what medieval times are that is that is medieval asset and I've always said it right if our prisons in the UK were back well like this prison in India I tell you what they'll be nearly empty and that's a guaranteed fact they'll not be Mr hard guy you know our prisons you know luxury playstations tvs free meals a day cooked for you well we had to cook our own food we had to cook our own food so do you think it through that process as well even though it was this barbaric the boy obviously went through especially when you were so after sorry I'm jumping here but did the case get acquitted did they get quashed did they get threw out or did you get the whole timeline is April 2014 we've got bail signing twice a day at the police station july 2014 the case got quashed so our charges were dropped her captain and all that for the fuel and all that was still ongoing 90 days to appeal the British government should have gotten us home especially when we've showed Indian law that we don't need to be in the country during that 90 day period they appealed there you go so come once we've been sentenced to five years and then we won our appeal mind we had an appeal the judgment it was acquitted of all charges it wasn't we were all thinking potentially time served time served means you've beat your guilty but they're just cutting your time short because I don't believe I believed we all believe that the Indians they wanted some sort of victory because it was a lot of pressure in the later stages of the whole from media from media the UK government did up their you know stance on things and we were going to get a killing time so to get an acquittal that means we've been wrongly imprisoned wrongly convicted and many people have been asking have I been getting compensation no I don't I'm getting compensation or anything so you haven't had compensation from India the vessel you're working on the UK government nothing absolute nothing yes you can't put a price on stuff like that but I tell you what if it was anywhere else in the world that someone would have handed that person compensation you've got to take into consideration the mental aspect of losing four years initially of your life you know the mental haven't earned in four years having to be in prison while getting told your mom's fighting for her life you know how how do you compensate stuff like that but I've got me freedom and you can't put a price on freedom yeah and that's the most important thing I'd still be serving my five-year sentence this day if we didn't win our appeal it was just scary to think fucking real scary that's how I if someone said to me five year ago right something bad's going to happen in your life do you want to do seven and a half years because that's what it would that's what it would have been in total or four years what would you want to take seven and a half or four years I'll take the four years all day along mind it shouldn't have happened but at the beginning you don't know what's going on because everything's open yeah but it was set it was a setup we were set up by our agent simple as that because he's got money then yes to set you's up and give you time to especially the amount of money that the company paid them to organise the fuel and provisions and when you're in a court alone you've got the paperwork on how much has actually been spent I have to think he's bought himself and but why what's the agenda on doing that I have no idea no idea yeah it's definitely still a lot of questions that need answered as well and especially have you ever had an apology from anyone no I've never even had the company owner Samir Falialla ring me or email me personally to say look I'm sorry on that time of your life that's to be taken away from you we got out of prison and he put something online saying basically bigging himself up yeah we've got the guys for you this and you've and I'm thinking take credit for it yeah basically taking credit for it he's not bothered he doesn't care he just left us to rot basically yes um this is one of the reasons why you're on this show today because you have you listen you're a war hero what you've done in some places is you're a hero to some people and and then giving away to getting four years of your life took it we will seven and a half years one of the reasons why you're on here today is you want to release a book also so for anybody watching or listening um get involved with nick contact nick how can people contact you nick um I'm on twitter um I'm on instagram and also I'm on facebook so nick done easy I'm sure people can find us I'm not hard I don't have the privacy sentence so I'm I am easily found and yeah because what you've says here is you've not even scratched the surface I haven't scratched the surface people people have said um yeah it's been in the media but it's just a tip of the iceberg for me to discuss four years is a long because a lot happened in four years a lot happened a person yes everything you know I was attacked by the police whilst I was out of prison I witnessed prisoners getting beat with sticks off the guards in prison I witnessed a total different kind of life in India and it is a total different kind of life compared to we here in the UK so when people whinge and moan about how life can be tough in this country they need to have a look at what life in India is a reality check and a big reality check because we're doing a living luxury here but it's because we're so used to used to it we want more I appreciate the finer things in life I appreciate what it means to have freedom I know what that means a lot more than a lot of people yeah and it's the most valuable currency and I know you've not had compensation and I know money will not bring back your time but I think you fucking earned it I think you deserve some sort of apology or some somebody from something to say look we're sorry we're sorry that you've caused you destruction of your life inside the prison and out in the worry because when you you're doing that sentence you're not just doing the sentence yourself you're finally doing it with you oh the the the Daphne the Daphne said there were living the nightmare with me but I was in the prison doing the worst of it um don't just yeah there's another thing I sat across the desk of the woman destroying our life I showed her pictures of my mom in hospital I showed her letters from our lawyer stating we should be allowed legally by an Indian law to go home and she didn't even look at them she says let's see what happened in court and I replied to her in a civil manner because what's but I'm in a police headquarters police headquarters there's no point kicking off there get more out of it don't you I said I said but you can tell the prosecutor you're dropping it you can end it now but you didn't she's turned around and said let the court decide and then it just spiraled spiraled and carried on so going forward for yourself for the future what's your what's your plans oh well I'm just doing UK security I'm enjoying you know being back in work and earning money having a life um obviously I would like to get a book done um hopefully things can materialise with that I just want to I've had so many people say it to me you've got an interesting story I would love to read about that in my own time so it's be a year ever gonna do are you gonna do a book and I thought well why not why not do a book you know people say yeah I've got a fantastic story but that's not that's let's tell that story and I'm willing to do that um I just want to be back to me myself you know I enjoy just you know living my life you still keep yourself in good shape man well I spent a lot of time in India you know you've got a year and a half I was eating biryani chicken just chicken and rice nearly every day four times a day it'd only cost a quid really but eating that I was going to the gym going in prison mean the Estonians and all that we made our own little homemade prison so you've got to set goals you've got to try and keep yourself mentally stable and I've always like and I've always fought fitness as a way of keeping yourself do you think that balanced your yeah the demons out in the pain and the misery that the ending justice system will do to you oh yes definitely because you made your own gym and we made our own gym we used to run around I did my own great north run the Chennai half marathon in prison on the same day the morning of you know when my sister ran it um it was just one of those ways of battling and dealing with things you know what I mean they're taking the pain away are you still in contact with any of the boys you've got the pleasant mouth I can yeah I still speak to one or two of them you know everyone's got back to their own life and I don't blame them on that we only came together through all being arrested together really yeah people got on with others people hated each other's guts hey and I mean this you could have put two lifelong best friends in that prison together they wouldn't be friends after the afterwards I tell you that it made or break people that prison it did and I can turn around and say yes I met some great people but it destroyed a lot of people mentally I think that prison because of the fact you're innocent that's the main thing because you know you are innocent you've done nothing wrong and your life's been taken away from you your freedom that's what I think was very mentally challenging on everyone yeah because you don't know with the justice system over there it's not like the UK one you're kind of and they know you know what's happening over there you get took to a court and buses and public transport and awesome you don't know what's going on yeah and that's the scary part not being in control your own freedom especially if you are innocent and then eventually getting acquitted but again that you've got some story and I hope people jump on it and try and help you out to get your book released and I hope you get an apology from someone you at least deserve a fucking apology because to spend seven and a half years of your life after spending six years of your life fighting for your country and and no having any apology from anybody do you think the UK government should be doing a bit more for you um I'm not too sure on on their policies on doing that it's only taking them so many years just to try and accept that there's a you know people with mental health support in veterans or they've just acknowledged that and I think they need to do a lot more stance on people leaving the military um and stop trying to send people to prison for something that happened 30 odd 50 odd year ago and stuff like that but my circumstances I think they could have gone right we will try and use our lawyers in India and try and fight for your compensation you know if the government turned round said that me I would have gone great crack on but they haven't and do I blame them on that no I don't because that's the government for you to be honest yeah but again Nick for coming on today and telling your story and it's a crank story mate even though I know obviously you went through but for people listening they will enjoy it because they love the dark stuff and but again you've come out you're back in your feet you're doing well again you're trying to move forward and progress instead of delivering the past but I hope for people watching again to get involved you contact Nick um he's what I get his book out he's wanting his story heard so again do you want to say anything before we wrap up um just to thank yous you know I did mention to the mission the safe hours thank you for your support the British Legion thank yous for your support the embassy in Chennai thanks for your support Jordan Wiley thanks for your support for the you came over to Chennai and did a 10k run to raise money and awareness for us so thanks for that um thanks to uh an amazing family my sister showing tremendous support and most importantly the people who overlooked things and gone he's not mercenary he's not guilty he's just a person earning a living just like myself wrongfully arrested you know I'm going to support him and a lot of people supported us Lisa used to send me statuses from say Facebook people's lovely comments and I used to read that in my prison cell and read people's nice kind comments and that gave me energy mental willpower to fight them the next day and them days beyond if it wasn't for people's support I think I would have struggled a lot lot more mm-hmm so yeah thanks for everybody's support because even those weekend messages they can't spur you on to fight even more because people have got behind you but Nick everything for the future brother I wish you all the best thanks for coming on and telling your story mate I really appreciate it thank you


and welcome to the second ECU-TV news broadcast of the year. I'm Rachel Keller, and today we'll be taking a look at some of the latest news stories surrounding campus life. With Donald Trump voted the 46th President of the United States, students certainly had a lot to say about it. Reporters Lee Mashen and Ocean McQuarrons took to the campus to ask members of the student body their thoughts on the present elect. For those who have chosen not to support me in the past, of which there were a few people, I'm reaching out to you for your guidance and your help so that we can work together and unify our great country. The world was in shock this morning with the news that Donald J. Trump has been elected 45th President of the United States of America. Momentum swung in Trump's favor after winning key battleground states Florida, Ohio, Iowa and North Carolina to put him within touching distance of the presidency. Everybody's just like trying to realize what's going on here and like hopefully things will work out okay it's kind of the kind of the vibe it's like we didn't think this was happening but it's happening it's always been a joke but now now it's just it's actually happening it's crazy. It's very discouraging I did not think it was gonna happen I told many people yesterday there was no way it was gonna happen but I was very shocked this morning when I woke up and very disappointed. The president elect is planning to triple the U.S. deportation force which could deport up to 1.2 million people per year. Well I did a J1 last year and like I'm lucky enough to be one of the people to actually go and now that he's here he's trying to get rid of J1s and that's kind of given a lot of our students problems because they've already planned it and now they're not going to be able to. At 70 years old Trump is the oldest president to be elected to the White House while his wife Malania from Slovenia would be the first foreign born first lady. Donald Trump will officially begin his four years in office on the 17th of January 2017 when his inauguration will take place. Ocean Requirements DCU TV News. DCU's debate sock held an event this week to consider the ongoing arguments for and against repealing the 8th Amendment. Our reporter Rebecca Lumley attended the heated debate. The first answer is to export and deny, exportation and denial regardless of what the topic is. Export the issue to Britain and deny even the capitalists. Well it does. 3,451 in 2015. 18 of which were under 16. DCU Debate Society's first event of the year took place last Thursday and saw students debate the issue of abortion. They discussed the pros and cons of repealing the 8th Amendment of the Constitution which criminalizes abortion in Ireland. Our side is currently against the 8th Amendment simply because a vote against the 8th Amendment is a vote for complete and moderate uncertainty. What will replace the 8th Amendment in legislation? Nobody knows. Nobody has come up with a plan. The pro-choice side has not given us a legal plan which they aspire to follow. So the vote against the 8th Amendment is a vote for complete and moderate uncertainty. It leaves a void in legislation which then can be exploited any which way and nobody knows which way that can go. They are awful at the ordeals that wouldn't go through. My whole awful they are. It is still the ordeal of an abortion or going through an abortion or being abortion. I would argue is a greater ordeal than having the abortion performed on yourself. The crowd was also addressed by two keynote speakers on either side of the debate which provoked a passionate response from one audience member. Okay. The murder issue. Let's deal with it. If you believe it's murder, don't do it, okay? And if you don't believe it's murder, you shouldn't be stopped. Most people in the world do not believe it's murder. You have no authority at all. Your profession is a needy. You're here? I'm here for a quick question. I want to paint your heart. You don't order it today. It's a great crime. Though the second speaker who argued on the pro-life side attracted less heated response. People here tonight need to be cognizant of the positive impact and influence the Eighth Amendment has had upon society. The truth is our appeal of the Eighth Amendment would inevitably result in lies being lost. We heard Craig mention earlier, what way is this to treat women when in fact we know when we looked to the UK and investigation in 2012 stated very clearly that abortions are taking place on grounds of gender. And guess which gender is being discriminated against and which gender is being aborted? Female babies. What way is that to treat unborn female babies? What way is it? What way do we treat them? What way do we call them in regard to our society? We spoke to society's chair, Seamus Cummins, about organising the event and making sure both sides received fair representation. To keep debate impartial, it's really hard, especially with such contentious topical issues. I did a little speech at the start. I just wanted to make sure that no one heckled. I didn't want anything happening that was not above board. It can lose track of your head when matters of the heart come involved. Topical issues like this really does just split the population. So we had guest speakers from both sides, both sides were representatives of boys and girls speakers and we were completely impartial. The debate society's next event will focus on the issue of political correctness and whether political correctness has gone too far. Rebecca Lomley, DC TV News. With depression affecting one in ten Irish people, mental health services are being made more accessible to sufferers all over Ireland. DCU provides a number of crucial students at board services that are available all year round that students may not be aware of. Our reporters spoke to Anne O'Connor, who is head of the Disability and Sports Services at DCU about the importance in students availing of the facilities that they provide. With Mental Health Awareness Week taking place last month, some DCU students decided to raise awareness by creating their own campaign. The idea behind it was 30 Days to Selfie, so it's in conjunction with Mental Health Ireland. We wanted to raise awareness and kind of get a conversation going and obviously raise funds for Mental Health Ireland. So the 30 Days to Selfies campaign, you start after day one, you take your selfie of yourself doing something fun, whatever it is, something a bit different. You tag five friends and then you text MHI to 50300 and then to run a four euro. Then for the next 29 days you just take your random selfies.  So it's to highlight that and just to show, get a bit of a laugh, get a conversation going around mental health issues. DCU's Disability and Learning Support Services offer a range of support services for students with mental health issues as well as various other learning difficulties. The services include exam support, in-class support and working with occupational therapists to ensure students have fair access to their study. We provide a range of supports to students who are registered in DCU with specific learning difficulties like dyslexia, with medical conditions, with neurological conditions, physical disabilities, mental health difficulties and anything that impacts on the student to be able to attend classes. They can contact us through our email, disability.service at DCU.ie, call into us. We're here in CG28 in the Henry Gratton and also in room A102 on the St Pats campus. Call us, anything they feel they either call in, drops an email or drop into us and have a chat. And we can have that initial chat if they're a bit, I'm not sure what you can do for me. I don't think there is anything or I'm not sure if I fall in your categories. Come in and have a chat with us and we can see if there's any supports we can offer them. We asked DCU students what they knew about these services. They're clearly like very important. I know like there's the doors as well, like through the Henry Gratton where like you can push them like they open. But other than that I haven't really noticed many, but that could just be me being a bit ignorant because I don't have to think about it so much. But I'd hope that they are there and that there's that accessibility for people who don't have the same abilities that I am lucky enough to have. As far as I'm aware and I'm sure the general consensus is the same is that there's not nearly enough done in disability services in DCU. I was aware of the physical help out there for people, but the mental help is great. I wasn't actually aware that there was any of these services, but I do think it's important. That's a really good idea. TEDx is a programme of local self-organised events that is run in order to bring people together to share the thoughts of inspirational speakers. This year's TEDx DCU, which is an independently organised TED event, was held in the Helix with the theme being Imagining the Next Century. The event featured speakers from DCU's academic staff, including Marina Carr and Christine Lotcher, Aaron McElroy reports. A TEDx talk was hosted by DCU last week and held in the Helix on the Glassnever campus. The talk looked at imagining the next century and featured speakers who were both DCU academic staff and alumni. The 2016 TEDx DCU was held in the Helix on the Glassnever campus on November 10th. The talk projected into the future and explored how factors such as education, media and the arts can shape an even better future for citizens. Speakers included Irish player Marina Carr, Lawyer and Pyrrha. The important social media messaging has been in getting the story of the election 2016 out of audiences. There was an app that uses Bluetooth to find your keys, which could be really handy. And one girl programmed a robot that can solve the Rubik's Cube. From the coolest project awards and Carter Lodger, I've had so many amazing opportunities. In summer 2015, I went to Xbox Incubator where I spent three weeks living in a big Helix over in London with 50 other girls, wearing what Helix wore in tech business. Yeah, it was really cool being up on stage and the crowd was really nice and everything. So, it was pretty amazing. I think some people are really amazed and I'm so young and I've done so much already, but I just think that if every young person is given the opportunity to learn to code and give them the opportunities to go to all these cool places, they can just as much as me. I don't think people should be amazed and I've done so much because anyone at any age can do this. This independence year gone TED talk raises many questions and left with the audience something to think about. I'm Aaron McElroy for DCU TV News. That's all for this week's broadcast. Join me again in two weeks' time for more DCU TV News.


This is Think Tech Hawaii. Community matters here. Okay, back with John David at History Professor at HBU and we're going to talk today about China and about the limitations of what? Limitations of? Limitations of? Limits of westernization. Westernization of China. That's the title of my book of the last year and there it is and yeah so we're going to look at China today and look at really. China is so important today, right? Because China is the second largest economy in the world and the Trump administration has made China an enemy. We just heard this morning that the Trump administration is going to abrogate the Postal Treaty with China. Well, Trump himself, I'm not sure he consults with anybody, he's going to abrogate it with the Postal Treaty with China Postal Treaty of 1874, I guess that's been dwelling on his mind for some time and he's got lots of time to spend reviewing the China Postal Treaty of 1874. It's a little bizarre. It is bizarre. It's a little bizarre because it's not going to affect U.S.-China relations at all. So when we think about China, we have to understand that China today is a recent development. It's not the China of the 19th century. Now when we look at China in the really long view of history, we can see a China that was incredibly strong and powerful in the period between about 1500 and about 1800. Those 300 years, China, of course, went through two dynasties. Right after Christopher Columbus. That's right. But the Ming dynasty and the 1500s, China was quite strong. And then again, in the Qing dynasty from 1644 until 1911, at times was quite strong. So China was clearly the largest economy in the world in that time period, 1500 to 1800. Was it as big as it is today geographically? It came to be bigger, actually, by the late 18th century, by the late 1700s. China had actually expanded into Mongolia and its western borders expanded dramatically. So it was right up against the Russian Empire. And the Mongols were kind of, they fought a significant war against the Mongols in that time period and defeated the Mongols and took over their territory. What made them so strong and what made them so imperialistic? Their economy is very important in that time period because their trade is so lucrative with the West. Silk Road. That's the silk route and yeah, the silk road and then of course there's trade via the port of Canton as well. And China controls the trade very carefully. They're sending out tea because the British become enamored of tea and the whole nation drinks tea by the late 18th century. They're sending out silks because the Chinese make world-renowned silk clothing and silk, silk all kinds of things. And porcelain. And porcelain is the third thing. They're sending out lots of porcelain. The porcelain that China makes is so valued that in Europe there are factories that make knockoffs in this time period. It's true. Germany and France factories are built to make China or Chinowhees porcelain, right? And so you can actually go to museums and see the comparison of the two. I think the Peabody Museum in Salem, Massachusetts has both the German knockoff and the Chinese original. Well, this is 17th century or 18th century? This is actually from the 1500s onward. The trade is constant. I have a question about the trade, though. In order to get there from Canton to Europe, you had a jump from one country to another. There was no pure ocean route. You wound up going into a port in Southeast Asia, into a port in India, and so forth. So they must have also been trading, like the Bermuda Triangle, right, trading from China ports to Indian ports, and then from Indian ports to European ports? Jay, you're just getting so complicated now. This is actually very complicated. What happens, most of the traders in the early days of the China trade from Canton are not Europeans. They're actually Arabs. And the Arab traders end up near Baghdad. They go into the Persian Gulf from Canton. They run down below the Indian subcontinent and enter the Persian Gulf. And their goods go to Baghdad. And from Baghdad, they're trans shipped up through Europe. So that's also where the Silk Road ends as well. So it's kind of this common meeting point for all the goods coming out of China. Very interesting. Very interesting. So the Chinese, in the long run, when we look at the last 500 years of history actually, China has been preeminent more than it's been down on its luck. But of course, in the 19th century, what happened to China? And wait, it declined. It did decline. And the jury needs to know why it declined and when it declined. That's right. So at the end of the 18th century, China is suffering from some real problems. Their trade, the Europeans are tired of this one-way trade. Because China doesn't actually accept goods from Europe. They're only sending out goods, which means the inflow of silver is tremendous. The Chinese use silver as their currency. They need silver. And so they're not going to allow silver to go out. They want the silver to come in, the British pay in silver. So the trade is one way this really makes the European powers angry. The British send a representative, Lord McCartney, to China in 1793 to beg the emperor to open up trade to British goods. The emperor says, nice guy, not interested. After McCartney does the kowtow, actually, he doesn't do the kowtow. The Chinese emperor says, you have to do the kowtow before they meet. This is negotiated.  And so McCartney agrees to bend on one knee and bend like that before the emperor. And so the kowtow, by the way, was common practice for any diplomat who visited, who got an audience with the Chinese emperor. The kowtow consisted of nine different bows done in proper order, including a full prostration in front of the emperor. That's it, facedown on the floor in front of the emperor. So the kowtow was quite the thing. It was the symbolic expression of Chinese dominance. It was part of the tributary system that we talked about last time. China was considered the center of the universe for many other nations in East Asia. So McCartney gets nothing. But at the same time, the British are penetrating into Chinese markets illegally, opium. The opium is coming in via boat, and it's illegal. Gunboat. Not gunboat at this point. Just regular, it's East Asian, the British East India Company is shipping in opium illegally. There's nobody to stop them. Well, there's a law against it. But well, and in the port itself, what happens is the British East India Company drops the goods off on an island outside of Canton. Then pirates actually pick up the goods and bring them into the port. Contract pilots. That's right. But it becomes so open that in the early 19th century, there are all these warehouses, what are called factories, at the port of Canton, owned by European merchants. And they're filled to the brim with opium balls. These big opium balls, that's how opium is shipped. So the problem for China here is not just the trade, it's the addiction. The bureaucratic class, the civil bureaucrats, the scholar bureaucrat class of China is now addicted. We think a quarter of the scholar bureaucrat class was addicted to opium. So opium is coming from outside China? It's coming from, yeah, it's coming from the British Empire. It's coming from Pakistan and Afghanistan. That's right, which is a part of the British Empire by this time period. And there are a few other places coming from Turkey as well. So China gets into trouble. The British attack China because of the Chinese decide to take down the warehouses, burn them, burn the opium everything. The British come back in and say, no, you can't do that. That's our property. The British send gun boats. This is when the gun boats come in. The British send steam-powered gun boats to China. And they subdue China. China is forced to sign an unequal treaty in which everything that China does with the British now is favorable to the British and unfavorable to the Chinese. This is middle 19th century. This is 1842. And then what happens after that is a series of unequal treaties, a series of foreign incursions, unequal treaties. And by the end of the 19th century, then China is divided up by the Europeans. Spears of influence. Spears of influence. That's right. So into the 20th century, then you have China really on its knees. It's a devastated power. The central government doesn't have complete control over the countryside. A warlord control develops in the provinces, in the regions of China. And the British probably wanted that because they divide and conquer. That's right. It's a very divided place. And so China needs help. It needs help. And in the 1910s, starting in about 1915 during World War I, then young Chinese begin to be aware. They become conscious that China is strapped. China is in big trouble. And they begin to think about how they can help China. Intellectuals? These are intellectuals. It starts with the New Culture Movement in 1917, in which it's proposed that the Chinese language is way too complicated. And so these intellectuals actually create a simple kind of peasant-style version of the Chinese language so that peasants can actually read newspapers and magazines and such. How does that play with the decline of the emperor and the emperor's ship? Well, in 1911, the emperor was overthrown. That's because he was weak. He couldn't control his foreign incursion. That's right. The Qing dynasty was corrupt and decrepit and had really lost its ability to rule by the time the emperor was overthrown. So it was bound to happen eventually because the emperor had lost legitimacy not just among people who opposed him, but among the wealthy, the powerful, the army. They had lost legitimacy among all the people. So he'd become a kind of figurehead by that time anyway. Well, yes, pretty much powerless. So these young intellectuals, that's good context, by the way. You're getting this. That's good. Just listening to you, John. And you know what? Yes. This reminds me we have to take a break. Already. Really on a roll. Yeah. Why start? This is John David Ann, and this is Lens of History, History Lens. And we're talking about U.S., China, and Japan, a search for modernity today in the limits of westernization. Take a look at that book. Part two. We'll be back in a matter of seconds. The history of a matter of seconds. This is Think Tech Hawaii, raising public awareness. Freedom. Is it a feeling? Is it a place? Is it an idea? At Dive Heart, we believe freedom is all of these and more, regardless of your ability. Dive Heart wants to help you escape the bonds of this world and defy gravity. Since 2001, Dive Heart has helped children, adults, and veterans of all abilities go where they have never gone before. Dive Heart has helped them transition to their new normal. Search diveheart.org and share our mission with others. And in the process, help people of all abilities imagine the possibilities in their lives. Aloha. I want to invite all of you to talk story with John Wahee every other Monday here at Think Tech Hawaii. And we have special guests like Professor Colin Moore from the University of Hawaii who joins us from time to time to talk about the political happenings in this state. Please join us every other Monday. Aloha. We're back. We're so happy to be back to follow the thread of history. This is the history lens with John David and of HPU. So I'm talking about intellectuals in China in the first 20 years of 20th century. They emerged and my thought during, which I was wrong, my thought during the break was that they must have come from the notion of intellectuals in Europe. But no. No, that's not true. Chinese intellectual life actually has a much longer history than contact with the West. And so the scholar bureaucrats for centuries had intellectual salons. They met with one another. They would propose new ideas. They debated Confucianism. And they actually developed Neo-Confucianism. We'll come back to that in a second. But so in the early 20th century, no, there's this long history of Chinese intellectual life. And so a couple of very important intellectuals emerge. One of them is Liang Qichao. If we can bring Liang up. Liang is a young man travels, widely travels to the United States. That's actually Wang Yangming. Can we bring Liang up the first picture there? There he is, Liang Qichao. And he becomes really the first Chinese nationalist intellectual because he wants to rebuild the Chinese nation. That's an European outfit he's wearing. Dressed in a European outfit that the queue or the pigtail is gone. He has accepted this part. Travels to Europe, travels to the United States, travels to Australia. And his takeaway of traveling to these places is that imitating them blindly would be a mistake. There are things that the Europeans do well, and the Americans do, especially the Americans do well. And there are other things that they don't do well. Liang criticized the incredible poverty and the gap between the wealthy and the poor in the United States. He was disgusted by this. But he liked the political participation. He met with President Theodore Roosevelt. He met with J.P. Morgan, believe it or not. He was good. He was a prominent Chinese. Smoking English? Yes, his English was flawless. He wrote in English as well. So he met with important officials, but he liked American political discourse. He liked that there was disagreement, that Americans seemed to be civically minded, patriotic. This is a big problem in China. China is corrupt. You have an addicted scholar, bureaucrat class. The emperor has lost legitimacy. You have all of these warlords. And nobody talks about it. That's right. Before this time, nobody had really identified that publicly as a problem. So Liang comes along and says, wait, we need to be loyal to the nation. We need to understand ourselves as loyal to the nation. A kind of nationalism. Yes, it's an early patriotism. So where was Sun Yat-sen when all this was going on? Well, Sun Yat-sen was still around actually. He was a contemporary of Liang. Sun Yat-sen was busy building the nation. In fact, one of the pillars of Sun Yat-sen thought was nationalism, Chinese nationalism. And Westerners have described this as Westernism. And it's not. It's actually Chinese nationalism. Sounds like critical thinking to me. The limits of Westernization. There you go. True. This is really important to find the boundary. That's right. So Liang does not say we should imitate the West blindly by being more patriotic. He says we should look into our own past. And that's where Wang Yong-ming comes in. If we can pull a picture of Wang Yong-ming. He's not dressed in western clothing. That's right. He's this ancient Confucian sage. That first picture we saw. So Wang Yong-ming lives in the same time period as Machiavelli. He's almost an exact contemporary of Machiavelli. Late 1400s, early 1500s. Wang Yong-ming believes that China has to be more ethical. That it has to be more civically minded than it is. There's a lot of corruption at court in that time period. The eunuchs. China has all of these leaders at court who are eunuchs. The eunuchs are allied with the emperor. They're trying to seek the approval of the emperor.  And so Wang Yong-ming is kind of a voice in the wilderness, really. He's a prominent scholar, bureaucrat. Passes all of the exams. He's given important positions. Why do we know him today? If he was a voice in the wilderness. How did he perpetuate his message? That's right. So his message was that the Chinese needed to consider not just the proper dress of a Confucian scholar or the proper sayings of a Confucian scholar. The externalities of Confucianism. But needed to consider the ethical basis for the empire. And the ethical basis was to connect ethical thought into ethical action. That was his philosophy. Who has Confucius in this? Well, Confucianism. This is a neo-Confucianism. So he's actually making a change to Confucianism. Confucianism was all. I mean, Wang Yong-ming did not reject the idea that the state should be run in an orderly fashion. That there should be an emperor. That the eldest male should be the head of household. He didn't reject these basic Confucian premises. But he added something which was really against standard Confucianism was that thought into action and loyalty and civic responsibility goes above and beyond any sense of Confucian loyalty. Loyalty to the household. Let's say your father says it's a bad idea for you to go out and participate in this march. The march is a patriotic march. You could do, under Wang Yong-ming thought, you could actually do that in spite of the fact you're disobeying your father, which is against traditional Confucianism. But Wang Yong-ming said for the sake of the nation, you can actually participate in that march because it's the right thing to do. So did that remake Confucianism for China? It for some it did. It became one of the schools of Confucianism and it competed against other schools of Confucianism. But the importance of Wang Yong-ming, so Wang Yong-ming puts down two rebellions in his time period. And these rebellions are because the emperor is not doing the service of his people. They're actually kind of these popular rebellions. He does it by putting thought into action through his civic loyalty to the emperor and the empire so he demonstrates his ideas as a scholar bureaucrat and as a leader of the Chinese Armory in putting down these rebellions. So Wang Yong-ming thought comes into the early 20th century. Liang, who we saw earlier, is very interested in Wang Yong-ming. He's interested in the idea that Wang Yong-ming says that we should be civically loyal, larger than ourselves. He translates some of Wang Yong-ming's work and calls Wang Yong-ming's conclusion civic virtue. The idea that citizens should be active in the life of their nation or their empire, that they should contribute to the nation or empire. And they should think in their minds. This is related to Foucazal last time. They should think in their minds. They should be independent thinkers about the good of the nation. So all of this idea of civic duty is it doesn't come from the west. Actually, it comes from Wang Yong-ming thought, which is a big surprise actually. I think most scholars today, if I was to just make this statement that it comes from Wang Yong-ming thought, not from the west, they would be shocked by it. And that's part of why the book is important, I think. And this began to change the way China thought. This had extension, this had traction, and you can still see it, am I right? Exactly. So there's another intellectual, Huxer, if we can bring him up, he's the next guy in line there. So Huxer is actually, he's a full-on westernizer. He goes to the United States. There's Huxer. He studies in... He looks very western. Yes, he studies at Cornell University and then Columbia University. Studies under John Dewey at Columbia University. Gets his PhD in philosophy under Dewey. Eventually he becomes the ambassador to the United States during World War II. He's a very prominent guy. So he goes back to China and he's the one who starts the new culture movement in 1917. He proposes this new language, which is the language of the peasants, not the scholar bureaucrats, right? And so that common people can read about this. And he's one of the activists involved in the May 4 movement. May 4, 1919, Chinese intellectuals take to the streets. They protest against the injustice that the Treaty of Versailles has done to China. The Treaty of Versailles gives the Shantung Province to Japan. These intellectuals say, hey, this is terrible. You're being usurped again by the European powers and now by Japan as well. So this protest movement begins. They were action. The intellectuals were men of action. Absolutely. Yeah, they were out in the street. They stopped traffic. They occupied Peking University, so the school had to shut down. They caused considerable distress among the leadership of China. And you'd have officials going out to beg, please go home. And these young students would say, forget about it. We're staying out here. So protesters often come and go without having a long-term effect. Did Ming have a long-term effect? Yeah, so for one thing, who sure comes into it, he becomes an important official in the Chinese government by the time he becomes ambassador to the United States. And many of these intellectuals become more radicalized. Mao Zedong is a very young man at this point and really kind of dismissed by the upper-level intellectuals. But intellectuals begin to look at Marxism. They become very interested in the Bolshevik Revolution when it happens in 1917. And by 1921 there is, in fact, a Chinese Communist Party. Li Dashao is really kind of the founder of the Chinese Communist Party. He's a librarian at Peking University. It's running a parallel to Russia, the intellectuals and Marxism. That's right. Wow. And so China has got this new life that's being breathed into them. But here's an interesting problem for these intellectuals. Li Dashao is a good friend of Hu Shuo. Hu Shuo is a westernizer liberal. Li Dashao is a Marxist radical. And they start to split, these westernized intellectuals and Marxist radicals split. Hu Shuo and his crowd argue that the place of the intellectual is in writing and in giving talks. It's not in protesting. It's not in politics. This is an issue for Hu Shuo because Hu Shuo was so powerful in the early 20s if he had agreed to be more engaged in politics. I think he could have had a bigger impact.  Now that's a big statement and there's a lot of other factors involved. It's hypothetical, yeah. Yeah, it's hypothetical. But so Hu Shuo had this major this potential impact but he withdrew from politics. Interesting anecdote. When he's getting his PhD at Columbia University there's this big women's march, 1915, very famous women's march for suffrage. John Dewey joins the march as it runs past Columbia University. Hu Shuo is looking out the window of his dorm room. He sees John Dewey joining the march and he writes, what a terrible thing for an intellectual to run out of protest. Compromise his position as an intellectual. Yes, this is beneath Dr. Dewey. So Hu Shuo was somebody who was not interested in politics, the rough and tumble of politics and I think it hurt him. It hurt the possibility that China would become more westernized but in fact it represents a real limit on westernization in China in this time period. There's so many lessons that come from that. So where are we in the continuum, John? We're almost out of time. Place us at a year point. Place us at a period and then we can go forward from that next time. We're in the early 1920s and China has become a republic. China has this new intellectual class that's clamoring for change but China is still dominated by the western powers. The British, the Americans, the French, they all have troops in China. And that continued until the Second World War, didn't it? That continued right until the Second World War. The unequal treaties continue right until the brink of the Second World War for China. So China's still got these incredible problems and now Japan enters the scene in the early 1920s because Japan, during World War I, actually takes possessions, they take Pacific Islands and they also take possessions in China and they have their most important possession, Manchuria, which is in northern China. A war even in the 20s, right? In the 30s. So that's the stage for kind of the next act of these young intellectuals and honestly what happens next is a looming crisis of thought. Along with the economic crisis, the Great Depression and the wars of the 1930s. Don't tell them anymore. Make it a cliffhanger. Intellectuals will, they become crisis-ridden themselves. Ah! They're confused by the 1930s about whether modernity is going to work. This is going to be a final exam. The intellectuals become crisis-ridden themselves. We've set the stage for another great discussion with John David and coming soon. I think you would pass with a high B. Thank you, John.


So unfortunately it looks like Tana Mojo's boyfriend or even ex-boyfriend cheated on her and if you're someone who's ever been cheated on there's definitely some lessons that we can learn from this situation. What is up everybody? This is Chris from the Rewired Soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution and if you're new to my channel what I try to do is pull even topics from the YouTube community or pop culture in general and try to see what lessons we can learn from them. So if you're into that stuff make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell.  The first one is I'm not going to refer to this garbage dude as his real name. I'm going to call him fake Justin Bieber because that's how everybody knows him. That's what I'm going to call him. Second off is I don't know Tana Mojo. I don't know what's going on. This is pure speculation. I'm going to talk just as somebody who's been cheated on, somebody who has had to grow as a man, as a boyfriend, as a human being. But if for some reason, Tana, if you ever watch this video, my heart goes out to you girl. It looks like you have a lot of support. It looks like your fans are there for you. You have a lot of amazing friends. So anyways, yeah basically what happened today on Twitter, Tana released a series of tweets and the first one was a broken heart emoji followed by how could you break the heart of someone you love for moments with someone else. I love you guys more than anything. Thank you for never hurting me. So it looks like fake Justin Bieber was messaging another woman over on Snapchat and it looks like he was flirting with her. So I think at this point in time, I don't know if we know if he actually cheated but emotional cheating is as bad if not worse. When you're in a relationship, you want that person. You want to be connected. They rely on you for your comfort, same goes and vice versa. So when dudes or women can do this too, have had a happen to me or out there texting, messaging and things like that and it's not a good situation.  Like remember like, okay, in this specific situation with Tana Mojo, this girl was dating down like this guy, fake Justin Bieber. Like how long was he going to let this lucky streak go on before he finally just screwed it up? First off, this fool got famous for pretending to be Justin Bieber eating a burrito the wrong way and that's how he blew up. Second off is he got to date up and date Tana Mojo and gain a following and have a very loyal girlfriend by his side and this dude decided to screw that up. Like what is going on and this goes for a lot of you out there.   If I had any message to all of you or Tana, if you ever watch this, like this is not you. You are not the problem. You are good enough. You are fine. You are perfect. You are amazing. All right. When this kind of stuff happens, it is purely on the other person's end. So the first thing I want to talk about is insecurity. Okay. Cheating comes from a place of insecurity in most cases. So fake Justin Bieber, he has his own problems. He is in his own issues and this is why he's doing it. And this is one of the reasons why I try to promote people learning how to love themselves and having self compassion because typically people who are going out there and they're cheating or they're messaging other men or they're messaging other women, whatever the case is, it's that they don't feel good enough. And the thing is, again, this isn't about you. It's about them. No matter how much love, no matter how much affection, no matter how much attention you give to this specific type of person, it's never enough. So it's not that you weren't doing enough. It's not that you weren't giving them enough love or attention. The reality is that it's almost like, I kind of explained it to people. It's like, it's like a glass with a hole in it, right? So no matter how much you try to fill it up, it's always emptying back out. And that's how some people are. So no matter if they have the perfect girlfriend or the perfect boyfriend, perfect husband or perfect wife, whoever it is, it's never enough. So what happens is based on that insecurity because in their mind, if maybe you don't even text them back fast enough or you didn't call them that day or you weren't showing them enough attention in their perception of how much attention they need, they can start straying away.  You see what I mean? And that comes from a place of insecurity. They don't think they're good enough. So what happens is typically, typically in these situations, they are trying to get attention from somewhere else because they're like, oh, you're not giving me attention right now. I'm going to message somebody else. I've seen this happen. I've just, I've had friends tell me about this and everything. I've had this conversation with them where basically they catch the other person texting or messaging another person just because they didn't text their boyfriend at the right time that day, right? So the second this other person doesn't get that text, they're already in their phone saying, who could I message to get this attention? It's almost like an addiction. And this is another reason, like it's an unpopular opinion, but why I say it is so beneficial for many, many, many, many people to stay single until they can learn how to love themselves. Like I've been dating my beautiful girlfriend Tristan for over two years now, but I was single for a very, very long time because I had to learn how to love myself. And what that meant was, no matter who I dated, no matter who I was with and until I learned how to love myself, there was nothing the other person could do to make me feel better. So if you're somebody who's like that and you're like addicted to getting attention from the other person or just from people in general, like really take a look at yourself and there's options to do this. Like one of the best books I ever read was Real Love by Sharon Salzburg. Therapy is a great way to do this. There's also loving kindness meditations where you learn how to love yourself. Those are also very beneficial. Now, that first topic about insecurities, men, women, it can happen to anybody. The second topic I want to talk about when it comes to fake Justin Bieber pulling this crap is specific to masculinity. Now, this isn't all men, okay? But there are many men who it's just, it's difficult to even say, like I was a man but hey, I'll get you, I'll get you like some male perspective. Like I grew up and I was like playing sports. I was a jack and, you know, went to the gym and I was so tough. I used to go into mosh pits, big tough guy. But men are constantly trying to impress one another. And sometimes, sometimes what dudes will do is they'll cheat or they'll be like talking to another woman or whatever just for these like bragging rights to their friends. You see what I mean? And if we get back down to the root of it, another one, this also goes back to a form of insecurity. They don't feel manly enough. So in order to appear more manly, what they do is they'll chat with other women or they'll cheat or they'll do some other scumbag behavior. So this is one of the things like there's been some stuff going on on Twitter lately and I won't name names, but I feel like a lot of, a lot of men like it's getting better. It's getting better in 2019, but there are still a lot of men who don't like talking about their feelings, right? Because if they talk about their feelings, it's going to make them look weak. You see what I mean? But the thing is when we don't talk about our feelings, if we don't allow ourselves to get vulnerable, dumb stuff like this happens. You see what I mean? Again, I hope this gives you some insight.  It is them. They're dealing with their own issues. And if I'm being 100% real right now, if I'm being 100 right now, like good. This is a good thing. You know why? Because you're in a relationship where you are never, ever, ever going to fulfill that person's needs because they have their own emotional issues. So thank God it's over. Now you can move on. Now you can find the right guy or girl or whoever it is who will be the right one for you where you don't need to constantly be giving them the love and attention that they feel that they need in order to fill that void that they have inside. All right. So again, I hope this video helps give some insight to some people. If you like this video, please give it a thumbs up. If you're new, make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell because I make a ton of videos. And a huge, huge thank you to everybody supporting the channel over on Patreon. You're all amazing. And if you would like to become a patron, get involved in our monthly Q&A and all that other stuff, click the top right there. All right. Thanks again so, so much for watching. I'll see you next time.