Hi everyone, in this video we are going to look at how to find something to change in the mini console because that can be quite tricky. So we thought that we would just run you through a change that you could make so that you can get familiar with the process and hopefully make some changes of your own. So if you're watching this video, it means you've probably gotten up to this step here when you need to find something to change. And we've given you all these links here, so potential things you could change in the game, like a background color, shape color, circle size, and all of this is from this processing.org slash reference. So as you can see, if you have a look at the files, I've got them here in Visual Studio. You can see that these are all Java files. So all of these games were written in Java and actually initially they were written in processing. So processing is a Java library, sort of like a sub-language of Java, I guess you can think of it that way. But it's a visual Java, so it allows you to draw shapes and move those shapes, have a background and it creates a window for you to have those shapes move around and that's how they've created the game. So you can see we've got some circles, those circles are filled with this color. So it is a bit tricky to have a look at what to change when you're not familiar with the language, which is why this reference page for the language can be quite helpful. And we've linked to some that we think might help you under here with these links. So say you want to change the background color, it's got some instructions on how to do that, which should hopefully be helpful. What I'm going to do, so you've either got your code set up in Visual Studio here, or you're working on the Pi, which means that you'll be editing it in Nano. I'll do it in Nano just because that's a lot trickier than using Visual Studio. Hopefully you're not having too many issues with that if you're using Visual Studio. So I'll just have a go at having a look at the code in Nano. So I've got my own fork, I've got a demo fork here, I've done all the setting up, which you would have done in all the previous steps, so that's all set up. So I'm at the same point that you would be when you're trying to find a change. So what I'm going to do, we gave you a suggested area to make some changes where the student work is. So let's try and get to that section so we can use what we learned yesterday using the terminal. If we want to have a look at what's in this directory, we can have a look. So I want to go to source so I can CD into source, have a look at what's in source. Student work, let's have a look at that folder. Awesome, okay, so there's lots of these. You can see some of them are classes, some of them are Java files. So we want to be accessing the Java file. So a class file you'll see with a lot of them say with the box carrier one. The box carrier one has a Java file and a class file. The class file is just the Java file compiled. So when it compiles, it compiles it into a class and then it runs that class. So you might want to, well hopefully you've had a look at the console and you've had a look at some of the games. Perhaps you've got a favorite one that you want to have a look at. One that I liked was the Rocket one. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to have a look at the Rocket one. And actually I think maybe we should run it just to get some inspiration and see what we want to change. So I want to compile and run. So I've moved into the student work directory and I need to move back. There I am. Awesome. Okay, so I'm going to have a look at the Rocket one and I'll think of some things to change. So as I'm playing the game, I can see that we've got a flame down here. Maybe I want a blue flame instead of a red or an yellow flame. I've got a window here that's blue. We'll take a note of that. Maybe that's something I wanted to change. And maybe I want to highlight the color of the ship. Maybe I want to highlight it. I don't know whatever color I want. So those are just some ideas. So maybe you want to have a go at playing a game. And they're just noting little things that you might want to change. I'd recommend steering away from changing big shapes unless it's, I don't know, you can change these to squares or triangles or whatever you want. Just minor changes like changing the color of the window or changing the color of the flame. So I've got some ideas. Now the tricky part is finding where that is in the code. So if you've chosen, I mean, most of them should be pretty good. But this is where it's handy when programs have code comments. You can maybe search for a code comment in the file. That will tell you what each of the shapes are doing. So if it's a shape for the flame, if it's a shape for the window and so on. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to open the rocket file in nano. So I'm going to go back, let's remind ourselves where we are. So I want to go into source and then student work. And I want to open, where is it? Rocket. I went past it. So remember it's rocket dot Java, not rocket dot class. Rocket dot class is the compiled version of rocket dot Java. So I'm going to go nano and then rocket dot Java. And here we go. That green is really awful. So this is a bit tedious, this part that we want to have a look through the code. And hopefully most of the time the variable names here are quite informative. So it's very obvious what this variable or this array represents. It's the meteoroid shade or things like star exposition. That's pretty informative. So let's have a look at what we can change. So we want to have a look more at the drawing side of things. So we can see here we've got something that's a start screen that's running. We've got draw stars. So if you wanted to change the stars to, I don't know, let's do something simple. Let's change the color of the stars. Say we want the stars to be pink rather than white. Let's go have a look at where the draw stars function is. So there we go. We finally found the draw stars function. It was quite far down. So it took a while to find. And you can see here that we have this whole big function dedicated to drawing stars. It's right at the end. And when we had a look, if we go back here, we saw if we want to change the shape color. You can have a look at that. It's the fill function. And you give the fill function our color code either in gray scale or RGB. You could even give it a hex value if you want. And then that will change the color of the shapes below it. So what you might want to have a look at is a color selector.  So at the moment, we can see the fill is 255, which is white. So I don't want the stars to be white. I want the stars to be, let's do a very bright yellow. Great. So that color code is around about, well, let's just say 255, 250. Well, yeah, I'll take that code. And then I will update it. Great. So we've made a change. We want to save that change, save that. And I've exited nano. So what we want to do after we make a change, you want to double check that that change has worked, which again can be pretty tedious, but it's important to do so that you don't carry on with your work. And you might have changed code that didn't do anything. So it's always good to double check. So we compile it to compile it every time. Because the rocket class file hasn't changed. The rocket Java file has changed, but it's what it was initially at the moment. So we need to compile this Java file again. So that it updates this class file with the new color that we've added. So let's compile and run. And we can head to the rocket game. And let's see what color our stars are. Awesome. So you can see the stars are now yellow. So we've made a successful change, quite a small change, but it's always good to get started with something pretty simple. So you've made a change. And what you want to do now, if you're happy with that change, is you want to move that from the workspace into the staging index. You want to stage that change. And then you want to move that as a commit. So if you were using Visual Studio Code, it's a lot simpler. You can just scroll through. You don't have to navigate all the way down one bit by bit to go through the code in Nano. You can just edit it here. And you can open a terminal window down the bottom and run the same commands that we were running just in any regular terminal. So you can do everything that we're doing in this terminal window. You can do a Visual Studio Code. So what I want to do now is I want to commit. So we've got some instructions on that. You can work your way through those. But if I do it really quickly, we can have a look at what files have changed. So we can see that the rocket file has changed. If we want to check what we changed, just in case we made any strange changes that we didn't want to, we can use the diff. And all of this is in the workshop walkthrough. So you would have run diff. We can see that you've made that change there. Looks like we've made that change there. Don't worry about that. I had a look at it and it's not an issue. So what we want to do is move that change. Like what we said in this diagram, at the moment it's in the workspace. We want to add that to the staging index. So I can add a file individually. So let's have a look at status again. And let's go git add. And we'll add that file. Awesome. So when I go and check status again, we can see that that file has been staged. It's a stage change, which means it's in the staging index. So the next thing we have to do is commit that file. So we want to move that to the local repository. And we do that by making a commit. Again, this is in the instructions. So don't stress too much about noting all this down. It's all written down for you. So remember with a commit, you want to write an informative message that explains exactly what the changes that you made in enough detail that people can look at the commit and say that's exactly what that does. But not too much detail. You want to keep it pretty concise. So what did we do? We change color of stars to yellow. I've committed that. When we check our status, our working tree and our staging index should be empty. And if we check our log, we can see that we've changed the color of the stars to yellow. So that commit has been put to the top of our commit history. So that's the process of finding a change and committing and moving it to the different stages. So hopefully that has been straightforward and you're able to go through that process. I think definitely the hardest part will be finding a change. And it just takes a bit of patience and going through some of these reference pages will definitely be helpful and give you ideas of what to look for. And perhaps if you know you want to change the background, you can just do a command F and find all the background. So you can see here that the background is zero. You might think, okay, what does zero represent? So I said before that if it's one number, it's in grayscale. If it's three numbers, it's an RGB code. And if 255 was white, that means that zero is black. We can double check that. We can go grayscale code zero. There we go. So we can see that the grayscale color for zero is black, 255 is white. So if I wanted to go back in this and change the background to, let's make lots of changes. Let's make the background pink. You can see it's a lot faster when you're in Visual Studio. Let's see if the background has changed anywhere else. No. Save and change the color of the flame. So I can see here that we've got variables for the flame colors. So let's have a look at where the big flame color variable is. So we can only see it four times. And these are the two places where it changes color. So what I can do, I can change my big flame color, medium and small. So I'm going to change it to a blue sort of flame.  We'll just make that the same. Although there's a little bit different, isn't it? Okay, I'll just make them the same. And then we'll make the medium one a little bit darker. And the small one can be a very dark or very deep blue. Okay, so we've made a few changes here. It's good to keep a note of the changes that you made so that you can make sure that you look out for them when you compile and run the code. Because if you've made a change and there's been no impact or you can't see any impact, it's good to remove those changes because you don't want to just change code unnecessarily. Okay, so I think that's pretty good. You might think, I don't know, maybe you want to do one more thing. If we head back to this year, there's a line width option. So maybe we want to change the width of the lines. And that is stroke weight. So if we go back to Visual Studio and search stroke weight, it's come up a few times. And this one's under the comment that says Rocket Details. So I'm guessing that these ones have to do with the main shapes of the rocket. So that might be something we want to change. Where else is it used? There's a few sections. Okay, the Rocket Details comes up twice on line 510, 5.05, then 5.30. So why are there two rockets? Oh, it's an else. Okay, so you've got if banking left and game isn't finished, so this is if the rocket is tilting left, draw it like this. If the rocket is moving right, draw it like this. So a lot of that code is the same. It's just the positioning of things. So we'll need to change both. Oh, so there's three. There's this else. So if it's left, this if it's right. And this I'm guessing if it's straight. So they've got a no stroke here. So let's make it so that when it's going straight, there actually is a stroke. The interesting and perhaps we want to play around with our stroke weight. We'll make it five so that it's super obvious. And we've done it in here. So let's just go compile and run. And let's see what the changes were. So what did we change? We changed the flame color and the stroke weight when it's straight. There's one more thing that we changed. Oh, that's right. The background that is very pink. There we go. So the flame is blue. But it doesn't seem that the stroke weight has had any effect that I can see. But all other changes were successful. That's pretty good. But because the stroke weight didn't work, I'm going to go ahead and just delete those changes. Just in case it makes any issues later on. I don't want to change the code unnecessarily. And that's where the diff tool can come in handy safe. I forgot before what changes I've made. If you want to check what changes you've made, you can use the diff tool. And it will tell you exactly what you've changed. There we go. So it's telling me I've changed my background. Let's just make this a bit bigger. Just too big. So you can see I've changed my background. I've changed some flame colors. I've changed this here. And as I can see it, it hasn't had any effect. So we're just going to go ahead and remove that section. And it will tell you what line it is as well as 538. I'm already there. It's handy. So I added this, it says. And it just had a normal stroke. It wasn't commented out. So I can fix that there. And let's check the diff again. Awesome. And so it just has the changes that we want. So again, you can go to that same process. First we should check that. So get status. Good. We've just changed the rocket file so I can add that file. I'll just do an add all because there's only one file. And then I can commit. So there's a few things that we did now.  So we'll keep it pretty brief. So I'll say change or update background and flame colors. And so if we go and log that, we can see how two most recent changes have been added to the commit history. Great. So that's what you want to do when you're looking for changes. Have a look at some of the other programs. They'll have a little bit different styles. I think the rocket one was pretty good because it had a lot of comments that were very informative and told me exactly what each section was doing. Most of the other programs are pretty good like that. Others have less comments. But yeah, just have a look. Have a look through this page here. Have a look at things to change, particularly the ones that we set out for you. They're probably the most straightforward ones. There are some complex ones here that most people don't use. So I'd recommend just sticking to them. But if you're interested, you can have a look at others. So yeah, good luck, everyone. And I hope you can make some cool changes.


Bill Simmons thinks that the Sixers are going to land Bradley Beale in a trade, Chandler. Is that a significant upgrade over James Harden? Honestly, I hope he does. I think Brad Beale is one of those players that he's so talented and he's just been in a shitty situation for his entire career.  I think he's a great guy. He's a Florida Gator for God's sake, so you know he's just screwed up and I know Joellen Bied and Brad Beale are friends and they both train with Drew Hanlon in the summer and so maybe there is something there and he can create and he can shoot the ball and he's slightly younger than James Harden, so I definitely think there is something here. I know they have a personal relationship. It's going to be a collective effort to replace James Harden, but yeah, I think Brad Beale would be a perfect fit.


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Great to be here in Lund so to speak. And as you said I'm telling you about our approaches and recapitulating a little bit the methods but then this leads to applications and the applications are in bio-imaging and in particular tissue and so I put up here some reconstruction, rendered reconstruction from brain tissue, human brain tissue, human lung of a COVID-19 patient that's Marina's subject then in the following talk and also small animal heart that's actually an in-house result so we go from laboratory, micro-city all the way to high coherent synchrotron radiation and it's an entire team behind this talk in these efforts and in particular my present in my past PhD students and as a staff scientist in our group Marcus Ostoff is in charge of much of the genics end station that's the beam line or not the beam line the end station that we operate and that we're built for special purposes at the petrary storage ring. As biophysicists, we are interested in looking at functional units from structural point of view and for a lot of scales in biophysics and biology it's true that that structure makes enables function dynamics is important as well but it all starts with figuring out how this works in space and time and resolution is important but it can't be overstressed but from the molecular to the organ there are many scales hidden or let's say intertwined hierarchical length scales from molecules to organelles to cells in imaging the challenges to move that window that you can cover back and forth to zoom in and to zoom out and the resolution is as important as the field of view and of course ideally it's all three-dimensional because our world is three-dimensional and that entails a lot of work also in optics to cover this just one example in getting in here in a consortium of in driven by neuroscience we are interested in understanding the connection between two neurons the synapse that's what the transistor is in your CPU that's in our that's the basic unit where signal transduction and modulation can happen and in the human brain they're tend to the 14 such synapses so ideally one would like to have this as a computable unit in virtual space so extremely crowded extremely many constituents how do we go about it if we do structural biology well we take just constituents and then try to understand something on this protein on this lipid it's already quite an endeavor to say hey let's have a functional synaptic vesicle filled with neurotransmitter can we look at this this is also a lot of modeling involved in biochemical data and then integrating structural biology so also for high resolution methods like x-rays or neutron scattering you work a lot with model systems here we were interested or are interested in the merger between membranes and how can we understand that and find out about curvature and and this is in the framework of this talk it's just to remind ourselves that diffraction is a great thing classical far field diffraction you really get you really get even in aqueous functional units you get really structure on on sub nanometer angstrom scales and yes this is extremely important but there's a but you have to have a model system you have to have quite repetitive structures you cannot look into something that is very heterogeneous and even if if you if you go up the level to the organelle like a synaptic vesicle yes you can still treat something by small angle scattering in solution averaging over many many organelles in in your cubit but you have to model and you lose a lot of traction because of that averaging so that completely breaks down if you go to a cell or even from a cell to a tissue into an organ the human brain is is a tremendous challenge and people use all kinds of different methods to get beyond the anatomical data go and to retrieve the cyto architecture and ideally you can do a lot with cutting and slicing and staining but ideally you would want to do this on a higher number of tissue samples for instance to understand neurodegenerative diseases or to understand connectivity in in the slicing and classical histology or even em techniques it's very difficult to reach isotropic resolution and very difficult to cover large volumes so here's a tremendous opportunity for for x-ray imaging what's the problem then in looking at specific configurations with x-rays well x-ray microscopy is around it it does work it works with lenses but there are challenges loosely put if you consider that classical light microscopy is limited by the fraction in abe formula so it's the numerator lambda makes a problem but you know the denominator the numerical aperture can be quite quite high for x-rays you should win a factor of three orders of magnitude but unfortunately your numerical aperture also goes down so working with zone plate lenses there's progress all the time tremendous progress but but still you are far beyond let's say lambda for hard x-rays and there are other inconvenience like several orders or dose issues so classical x-ray microscopy is limited by not the fraction in the sense of this year but in the sense of this year you cannot easily you know focus x-rays and that that carries through all of the optics you want to do basically the challenge is to do optics in the asymptotic limit of every material that we would like to make an optical component of being almost like vacuum yeah the index of refraction asymptotically you know beyond the resonance going to to one for in a simple oscillator model so so that's that's the challenge and so the idea is around since quite a time now to do x-ray microscopy without lenses to use diffraction you know magnification by the wave equation alone the smaller the the structure that you diffract from the larger the cone you capture that and you solve a phase problem and this is a very powerful idea and roughly speaking what we do is a variant of this but most classically you would have plane wave illumination you would have an object plane you would have a detection plane ues you would work in kinematical approximation and the intensity you measure is the transform of your electron density distribution in the plane modulus squared so this is where the phase problem occurs and this is now well understood under which conditions there's a way around it basically in short you have the measurement the data here on the detector but you may also have additional constraints such as simply positive the defect their fitness of electron density a compact support sparsity any such information can help if you consider it for your problem to be uh not so invasive and then using projection algorithms this is their their powerful tools mathematical tools to solve you know what is a high dimensional matrix if you want so but but but many many interesting issues signal theory wise and of course resolution those resolution practical implementation it's it's also a challenge when we started this we work with something that is very powerful and uh uh manuel is here in the audience and others are using this to too much benefit this is the idea of using partial overlap between successive exposures to solve the phase problem you have to create more data than unknowns you have a test structure you go around in a spiral or some scan and look at the diversity of all these uh measured diffraction patterns that's by now an old idea it has been matured it's it's probably the best tool at hand if we go to high resolution and just as a I'm still nostalgic about it this was the first time when we tried this just after the algorithm had and the basic ideas of using simultaneous reconstruction of object and probe came out we tested this and we're already happy about such a reconstruction only two years later that is 10 years back by now wow you could even see a test structure as it should be fair resolution despite the fact that the beam the probe is completely aberrated it has horizontally and vertically different focal widths so uh you have these um these these aberrations and yes you could also use this for biological imaging and for tomography there is an issue and this is why we did not continue along that route and this is for the simple reason that we were in most problems that we were considering with our collaborators interested in very extended samples uh in tissues and uh something that was not compact enough or small enough to really do the lateral rustering and then the the 3d tomography even though this can also be scaled up so let's start at the opposite end let's go to the hospital and take look at a radiography classical absorption based radiography you get almost a um you know a projection image as if it was geometric optics with a shadow mechanism that is given by Lambert's law a central simple linear absorption and then the absorption coefficient varies with composition and that gives you ability to see uh in particular mineralized tissue but for soft tissue it's challenging this is a small animal cochlea but we start to see at this um in this projection recorded at liquid jet source with six micron spot size at at a distance where you have some partial coherence you start to see the edge enhancement and that the fact that the x-rays are actually waves so you can beyond you can go beyond this and you can record um a tomographic scan and then hope for more visibility for soft tissues so what follows then is full field tomography and the fact full field is really this macroscopic benefit of covering in this case the chest of a small patient that's a mouse and here's the signal the variation of the attenuation curve and this is just uh you know recapitulation for those of you who haven't worked much with the tomography you record or let's say you you you you complete your sinogram for each of the lines in the simplest case and see how these these bones so so as we move around while while you turn the specimen and using filters and back projection in the simplest case I had to do it um iteratively and more sophisticated but often this is sufficient and it's also fast um you can reconstruct this to the slice and the similarity is similarity or parallel slices and yes you see bones and also soft tissue you do see the lung tissue here and uh this is um this is not yet exploiting really face contrast but now we want to go better and we will go and want to zoom in we want to see the small soft the tissues as as good as we can for the small animal so here we exploit the fact that the index of refraction is complex valued we have attenuation of course but also phase shift and by self interference of the beam after it leaves after it penetrates the object um it may be attenuated it may be phase shifted so then these this this wave interferes with itself and phase information is converted to measurable intensity in the detection plane detector has to be a little bit far spaced there has to be a room for propagation of the wave field and there has to be partial coherence uh sufficiently high but if you have this then the fact that delta for um small z materials elements is um orders of magnitude higher than beta gives you an advantage so so that's that's that's very good the image formation of phase contrast is is is well understood and it's a nice chapter of you know an optics course you start with Fresnel Kirchhoff integrals you have an object uh variation in absorption or phase and then the whole thing evolves and it's also very nice to see and to understand how you can this can solve this how you can simulate this on a discretized grid by fast Fourier transform and and exploiting the different ways that you can write this these propagation and very easily and very quickly if you have this in the lecture or in exercise the student can calculate um how absorption and phase um varies significantly emiss systematically with the Fresnel number yeah this can be all the way to the holographic regime and the holographic regime at smallest Fresnel number f is is important because here your sensitivity to to small contrast is is highest let's look at it more quantitatively we take a in this case real 3d phantom that's that's nice we have a plane wave illumination we take um indices that would match let's say a protein at at a relevant photon energy and then you can see what this would look like without noise or with noise this is without noise but um as a function of f so credit to Dennis Gabor who who gave us inline holography at his time going back was really hard you took the analog film as a second sample and then let the wave travel backwards but in that case your intensity acts as a phase and your your amplitude is is disregarded and and this gives simply not a very good reconstruction yeah so a challenge is really the inverse problem how do you go from the measured hologram to the sharp exit exit wave and the holographic reconstruction is problematic if you if your object is optically thin you can you have an explicit approximation for the propagation you can express it in Fourier space of the wave in lateral coordinates in other words the Fourier transform of the hologram can be described as the Fourier transform of the exit wave times a multiplicative oscillatory filter so image reconstruction is a structured filter a regularized filter and this is what is known as the contrast transfer function and that works fairly well but not good enough for many samples and and requirements and then we have iterative reconstruction where as in cdi but now just with the different propagator we cycle between the object and the detector and and we just apply our measurements and maybe additional constraints or simply two measurements in two planes and no additional constraints and everybody puts in what she or he has yeah in that sense works beautifully is a bit more involved computationally but gives you really very good very good quality so image reconstruction for a long time in this near field regime has really been focused on one step steams built based on transport of intensity equation for instance the famous peganin approach or and that was already so to speak high end the cdf based approach if you let go this requirement of having a one step operation you can really go base you can really leave linearization and in our view this is important long story back we come back to the mouse we have the absorption contrast image but now we focus in and we measure this with a high resolution detector so that the coherence length is larger than a pixel and here we see face effects and we get a chance to see the alveoli the tiny air sacs in lung that's good but if we don't do any face retrievals a step our reconstruction our reconstructed slice looks still quite noisy and we cannot segment if we adapt at least if we take a little bit of effort of face retrieval we can now distinguish these components quite well so so that's that's the benefit even if what i have telling you was really the idealized face retrieval in the lab of course this is not i mean it's a broad spectrum it's a large source so so just barely enough partial coherence and there are inversion schemes which are optimized for that too so that that then gives us some recreation we can look at something that we have reconstructed it's a movie that that martin krenkel in the group compiled from then from that data and because we will hear more about lung later in marina's talk it's a pleasure to play it and also to remember that laboratory techniques in the meantime are quite powerful and in within a field of interest here in the lung where we used the high resolution detector the higher resolution fiber coupled detector we now reconstruct really the alioli walls in the soft tissue and can do statistical analysis and on this despite the fact that it's an entire mouse yeah so no definitely the entire small animal now what can't we do what where does the lab not allow us to go a little bit further this here is again lung tissue again marine for mouse but here we want to see cells in 3d in green we have macrophages and again we have a zoom in in the center we can zoom in at different magnifications but this is something where we need if we if we leave this you know just barely I must say the resolution that we can achieve with best detectors microscope based detectors now we have to really magnify and we need very small spot and saw spots and we need high coherence and we go to the synchrotron another example three examples where you see this line between laboratory and synchrotron and I must say the face contrast homographies when when third generation synchrotron sources came up in the 90s that quality is we now got much better quality in with laboratory instruments than we had at the time with synchrotron radiation yeah and then the this exelum source the liquid jet technology pioneered by Hans Haertz and his group has played an important role in this so just to have the power density that is required it allowed us quite some time back now to to to use this for an actual important problem and application development of optogenetical implants with the with Tobias Moos and his group here in Goettingen and the challenge was to see nerve fibers and tissues and membranes within the bony you know environment of the cochlea and if you understand your resolution in your instrument you can really go from something okay I'm gonna see soft tissue to something yes now I see it sharp and now I can with this added quality I can really segment automatically a gray value base or whatever you use in addition it all scales with the image quality and we were happy that that worked but how about really taking the same cochlea similar cochlea but now seeing every single cell yeah this is again something where you would need synchrotron radiation this is a result that we got for parallel beam illumination not even any magnification 650 nanometer voxel size but here now you can really zoom in to the functional interesting parts of the cochlea the organ of corti and these are neurons that are important in the filtering of the auditory signal so called spiral neural galleons and from such data here you can segment each and every neuron and here you they are color coded according to size you can you can once you have this 3d data you can compute sphericities and sizes and densities and neighborhood information so there's a lot despite the fact that the resolution is not you know that high but few of you is gigantic it's functional in a sense that that you don't cut to something that you cannot interpret you can see the tonotomic map and that was that's from from a publication that came out yesterday and we're we're quite happy with this this quality but in the lab you can do a third example human tissue that the previous was was durable small animal models for that research project but here's a sample from neuro pathology so it's a biopsy punch it's human hippocampus embedded in paraffin that's the standard that they do in each pathology department and it's a millimeter cross section and here the pathologists and the medical doctors are interested in the process of plaque formation in alzheimer's disease and very very clearly you can you can see the overall um tissue cyto architecture already with the liquid metal jet recording and then that allows us to see vessels and calcified lab vessels and the the granule cell band of the dentus gyratus and maybe again you can hear some more on this in marina's talk so that's possible with a lab source but if it if you wanted to then go after small dendrites and connections and maybe synapses at some point that needs synchrotron radiation that's a reconstruction from synchrotron radiation um which allows you in this case these are quite large cells in human cerebellum so called prokinae cells but you have the cellular resolution and you see a nuclei and you see substructures and dendrites and axons so so that's that's more geared towards also neuroscience how do we do this that's now the next topic that was the motivation we need some magnification here we need magnification and resolution first of all when we talk about image propagation and reconstruction whether it's parallel beam or ideal point beam that's the same thing there's a simple variable transform and the um let's say um wave optics preserves geometric magnification as you may have guessed but the the propagation distance has to be scaled so that's good you read about this in Paganin's book uh perfectly treated um how do we do it experimentally we have to focus and if we can't focus uh uh well enough and that does not only relate to the spot size but also the coherence or the stability yeah if that jitters because your monochromator moves or um if that has a wave front that is not clean one thing that helps that we uh found was was helpful is to filter this by by use of an x-ray optical guide wave guide so we use guided wave optics to select certain modes and to use the exit as a virtual point source that offers really a benefit so i'm now talking about uh wave guide optics for high resolution holography how does that work it's a special approach they're different uh different approaches it's not the only way to to go to the nano scale with holography as as you know um but it has some uh some pros and definitely also some some cons typically we lose photons in our instrument uh we focus to 200 nanometers so we overexpose the wave guide channel and then um we work with 10 to the nine photons per second roughly and the sample is in the defocus and is then you know we record the projected hologram this is a reconstruction of the intensity superimposed with the wave guide channel this is a hundred nanometer uh scaled bar and this is where we do this we have an instrument where the sample and the wave guide is in air this has also pros and cons for complex sample environments it's a challenge but we can also run wet samples like also wet neural tissues in buffer or methanol everything is installed here at the p10 b-line of petri three of that storage ring and uh yes this is where we work we are proud of this we like to take photos of this configuration in that configuration a while ago we also temporarily installed a stead microscope we have here in Göttingen but designs so we can take it to to Hamburg and side by side take X-ray and and optical recordings of cells so so that that that works and and this is is promising but now let's focus on the the wave guide optics you can couple in a beam from a side from the side within cladding and here we use front coupling really we really focus on the entrance and then we have formation of modes we can simulate this with finite differences and study precisely what length and what lateral diameters we want these are the simple schemes we can we can test them against analytical schemes and by now we even have time propagation we can even could even see for for short femtosecond or autosecond pulses how how modes propagate differently in time and that that can also be done for the wave guides we use them as simple channels for imaging but we could do more complex geometries we can think of splitters we could also started to fabricate splitters we can curve channels we could delay channels we could design structured illuminations in that sense for instance to have an additional benefit from off-axis holography encoding also absolute phase shift or from tilting the beam towards high angles and having heterodyne phasing at high numerical aperture these things can be done and experimentally we showed that we can have wave guide exit at something like 20 degrees if you simulate it really even a circle would be possible with 30 percent transmission an extreme whispering gallery mode then in in in that case the first millimeter of you know propagation along the path would look like this the last like this for straight and for curved the mode is a little bit you know pressed it's it's like in the car by centrifugal force against the outer cladding yeah so to speak that that's that's that's nice optics of curved wave guides and maybe there's some interesting applications to come up with with the free electron lasers but here it's all about filtering filtering means that okay we have different modes of the source but it also be a mirror or monochromator so your ideal focus that you simulate is not really what you have you would have be looking at something like this and this filtering means that different input modes you know you lose photons but in the end this becomes much more stable so we studied analytically and numerically this propagation of coherence and it looked attractive to us we spent quite some effort to do the nanostructuring and to build wave guides from layered sequences and then crossing two such planar wave guides or from the photography can be done and this is then the exit wave intensity that we record on a detector five meters away compared to the mirror of course we may not have the best mirror in in in town so to speak with the more height errors but if you go to an x-ray beam line ask for the probe let's always have the probe because you can divide out but you will always be limited also in in in the probe and it's this quality that then really gives us very decent very ideal holograms that have fringes all the way out to the detector and that's just a simple example a test structure comparing the holographic reconstruction with twin image problems and the CTF reconstruction that you know makes some assumptions which are well warranted here actually the it is a weak object but the iterative reconstruction with an automated support finding a step gives you really the best the better reconstruction now when we used that for imaging we found that we could get reconstructions at surprisingly low dose compared to our own let's say pure graphic tomography reconstructions but if you study that problem there shouldn't be such a difference so it may probably be more in the experimental determination and if you are in a defocus position and it's it is it's in a sense it helps not to overly waste photons that that you would have in the focus I mean in the focus you should be able to move faster and and scan but you have to critically interrogate your focusing optics also in view of having too many modes maybe modes that don't contribute so for wave guys you always come from from from lower fluence or flux density and you have all the intermediate steps it's a while in in far field cdm tomography it sometimes you have the feeling if it works you get high resolution but you also have high dose and it's how how continuous can you can you go up and down that that's that's still an open question here it worked beautifully to reconstruct material cells or eukaryotic larger cells macrophages we can compare different reconstruction techniques so yes and and and this is an advantage you still can you can put the wave guide in and take a defocus image but you can also go to the focus and do a raster scan and look at the far field diffraction for purpose of tomography or scanning socks of fluorescence you can do this on the same specimen those resolution relationships issues that we studied numerically and for for cdi we found benefit for holography but then the group of chris Jacobson compared tomography and holography and found equal dose in in practice in in a numerical model so that that is of course these are important issues but what we what we then do is is and what really facilitates let's say life is to have this full field for a tomographic reconstruction this is a cell which is quite large it's a marine caliomyoside and so with rather quickly with i'm not sure how many angles we used in that case that you know single cell can be it can be reconstructed and it can be analyzed into hondria and and so forth but a single cell we also must keep in mind that a single cell is really something that can be looked at with so many other powerful techniques where x-rays are really unique is a single cell in the entity of the entire organ and that's then really the direction that we would like to move on that we are moving right now and this is also where many questions arise so you saw the single heart cell but how about this is human tissue um how about uh caliomyocytes in um in functional heart tissue like from a biopsy or an autopsy here we were interested in the vasculature and again in changes and pathologies of COVID-19 which is subject of the next talk by Marina so okay uh how do we go from here uh of course the three dimensionality is important the field of view is important but the other end the high resolution is also important and it bothered us that typically we hit the wall just below 50 or 30 nanometers with the standard approach so here's a sign I guess this is um also showing uh referring to the uh a few more minutes so that's fine so how do we how can we how can we use the benefits of holography at the same time increase our resolution well what we uh did most recently we recorded with the waveguide beam but we go to a pixel detector and we don't divide by the empty beam we take the data as it is and we can reconstruct both from the holographic signal and the diffracted signal and this is is really taking up the theme of so-called keyhole cdi but with all the benefit of everything that happened in between in particular holographic probe reconstruction and it's this scheme that some of you may know exploiting a very particular optics namely uh and a plane in the waveguide axis plane where the probe is highly compact we can use this and then we have maximum curvature in the object not maximum but high curvature in the opposite of uh object plane and high compactness in in the source plane and this is is uh an excellent match and here goes uh here goes really my presentation um but I have to finish it um let me see no I can I can't move anymore now Dina did you do this to cut me uh to cut me uh let me let me give it a promise I didn't you didn't you didn't let me try it once more um that I can uh I have to go out of the and and then I go in again so that uh gives you maybe a break um and then I have to start anew and here we are so there's we we use more or less the predetermined uh uh probe as a as a um constraint and we use simply um the Fourier propagator but putting in you know the very specific phase front that we have in the object which is a plane which is very very very very clean in this case we reach 11 nanometer resolution at a few of you in a single shot that is much higher than what you would get from the sampling constraint of the detector of your pixel size 27 the 75 micron for the iga simply because the low spatial frequencies are encoded in the uh holographic signal so that is is is very good we get very good uh single acquisition data it also works for for cells we're trying to put this to use now for for tissues and for this end at petra 4 we want to build an optimized uh instrument we still go for a wavefront filtering to really emancipate ourselves from everything that happens upstream and to have this very compact plane where we can say if we can use a very powerful constraint no stray radiation no orders just uh you know 50 nanometer um um support constraint or something else and we will use pixel detectors but now at uh we go to 25 meters uh to to really uh use pixel detection and to have a reasonable uh few the few yeah because we cannot always go to to close to the waveguide so that's all along sure is stored we must make we are pressed by our own competition if we go to the lab also in the lab here this is work by marina you can see beautifully biopsy reconstruction single cells so uh the synchrotron has has to move also forward and then we can cover all length scales and open up the window of what we are seeing so that is here uh the team i showed you example reconstruction work by mavaeke tepevin who is now working with xylone uh company tomography tomography specialist in industry marios reichert still in the lab as a senior phd student and so is the marina ekamann and many others that are involved in our collaborators um in hamburg and here in the university clinic in particular um thanks thank you for your attention thank you very much team for this overview really dense of information so the session is open for questions and comments we have already won bansal faber nicolam we asked for the keyhole tomography are you still using a near field propagator that that's an excellent question actually we we don't because typically uh the igar is five meters away and our sample is let's say 10 millimeters away from the source and um so yes you could convert to an equivalent parallel beam scheme take the curvature of the input beam away but if we if we uh if we adjust our sampling we can beautifully do it with the Fourier transform so we take we take the detector data we do an inverse Fourier transform we go to the plane of where the sample is and then we use a phase and amplitude of the probe as a constraint and it works it works really beautifully so you use a far field propagator and yep yep yes yes yes it's a far field propagator but we can show in in simulation that the fact that we have a curved a highly curved um wave front is is is really a tremendous benefit it's a tremendous benefit because our field of view in if it was in cdi we could not it would be not properly sampled if we we could not uh you know we if we take the oversampling to turn to five meters and um 75 microns that would give us a field of view i forgot what it is it was three microns i think that was for the i guess it was a little bit larger but we have a factor of two at least that we can uh that we can face stably with this uh curved um uh illumination and we we we think about it and we talk about and speculate about it why this is the case so one interesting fact is that you know the far field uh has this freedel symmetry you know but in the hollow in the holographic cone this is not true so um you actually get less you also get a for for quite a number of pixels you get more information because you don't have this uh you know for the pure fast if i for the pure far field case every second pixel is you know redundant with the with the different one and um yes that's that's that's a scheme i think that is very promising okay thank you thank you i've seen before lots of hands raising and then for some reason they disappear but manuel is there please manuel thanks team for the great talk it's very good to see what you've been up to uh what one question i had was uh if you have tried with you showed this this example that is inspired on this idea of the keyhole etc have you tried to to to measure with a few different positions similar to what they do for the near field dichography in in esrf at the cloutons and here we we we didn't explore that much i mean we we um i think it's it's a very good direction i mean typically you do want to enlarge the field of you literally anyhow so why don't you take a little bit of data there the same for the tomographic scan again you can have very beneficial aspects of you know two projections not being completely independent for the low spatial frequencies so far we really did the bare minimum we um compared uh reconstructions that just have one empty beam that also works nice or take the sample and do a small geographic prescan just to reconstruct the probe and then you do single acquisitions there for all rotations or so so we played a little bit with this but uh not not much much more but um um yeah i think it's really interesting it's interesting also because you're using you end up using pixel detectors yeah with respect to the holographic comparison this is very interesting and we could we can't really use the same um detector for standard holography dividing by the empty beam because our pixel size is too large yeah it's it's really it's from from the holographic point of view it's it's really even if you don't not interested in this super resolution i say yeah i'm not really uh i'm happy with the previous resolution you you you realize that with the fiber coupled ccd or with the uh a syn microscope you have small pixels um but need these small pixels and the the the the the pixel detector doesn't do it but if you if you if you beat this because you have an added uh smaller sampling in the object plane by the high angle that works so that that's also a good advantage and if i can follow up quickly since i don't see i'm taking too much time from others let's put um i was now thinking that you were mentioning it i mean have you done if you if you do tomography with the wave guide by doing this holographic that you remove the probe from the influence of the object etc have you tried to do it in instead of doing every projection in 2d separate the probe from the object and then do tomography have you tried to do it like as a one problem yes yes that is that that is much better that is much better for a number of reasons we we we worked on this already a while ago and we called this irp iterative reprojection algorithm and there are many ways to do it and there are many works but it really is is fantastic it's computationally more expensive but um in particular in propagation imaging the low spatial frequencies are poorly included and this is where you have all you know for your slice theorem all these redundants are very close intersecting so it stabilizes tremendously and of course you can use much better constraints in 3d uh like on better delta than you can do from a projection so it's only and only uh limited by um you know how how good you are in implementing this on a cpu we we seem to do this or we did we we we published something in in 2014 on this first author is uh ike runand and then we decided yeah yeah we can do it for 500 times 500 pixels but it's not sufficient we should look at it again and one do do it serious data science approach and i think it would would fly uh thanks team i was interested in in your comparison between synchrotron sources and laboratory sources i think it's very very very very good point so um i understand that the main reason to go to synchrotron is the resolution that you can achieve yeah also quantitative contrast of course or a wet specimen like if we if the if we um if you have a tissue in in in water not in ethanol but in water not in paraffin or resin and not stained and metallized metallized then uh even if you relax the resolution you ask for a resolution that is possible in the lab you still won't get good results in in in the lab so in in in that case it's your resolution your synchrotron will be the only opportunity but um it's it's shifting all the way and there's there's contrast luckily for compact uh for compact small instruments that is also substantial they detect the the sources the control and that's very good so on both worlds we have we have a lot of progress okay and in terms of optics your choice yeah say that again uh were you continuing or no no i'm i'm done sorry yeah so in terms of optics your choice for the waveguides is really about the quality of the veneer get yeah yeah it's all about the world the quality and also the size it's it's our work is is very driven by the fact that we have unstained a tissue and um so the contrast is very low and it's very of course uh it's biological tissue and you don't want um any damage so we we ask for an imaging scheme that goes with extended samples that covers low contrast at moderate resolution say and that works at kilo gray yeah for for so so that's this is in for that for for that parameter window it's it's it's a quite powerful approach and then also for samples that are really uh hydrated yeah which are difficult in to bring in uh into the vacuum of course if you have a cryo workflow that's again different but large tissues you cannot easily vitrify also by cryogenic techniques okay um i have a question in the chat yes tuna zoo says do you think it is possible to do a biography with nano tube or yeah i mean uh we we do face retriever recordings with the nano tube uh the last image that i showed you from marinas uh publication uh two years ago that was uh using uh um a reconstruction a face retriever reconstruction and then you can also get uh you know let's say three nanometer voxel sizes and you see something that so we we typically don't call it holography because the Fresnel number is not small enough it's just edge enhancement and and the coherence is also um not rigorous enough to say oh this is really how we you know the holographic forward problem so but it's it's um it's still um it can still you can take compromises and you can still see let's say the enhanced density of a cell nucleus with respect to its environment so um to be more holographic maybe if you have a detector that singles out just a smaller bandwidth and uh like we we're trying to work with the men's detector now um and yes maybe we're not so far away from more holographic signals also in the lab but yeah it's it's still still still fundamentally limited i would say okay so are there any other questions for team for this first part of the the micro nano symposium otherwise i would just leave the field to marina team thanks so much and uh we will be here so yeah either don't you serve don't you see don't you serve coffee in between yes it's gonna arrive like in a couple of very very good so i don't know is does anyone want a couple of minutes leg stretch or can we just continue nobody raises the hand so i think it's okay marina i just realized that my laptop made an update so i need to give the permission that i can share the screen so let me see if i really no no i need to do this with my laptops i see okay um and there is a then there is a good minute and a half for for leg stretch for everyone yeah yeah it is ah that's too bad team there's actually a question for this minute yeah that's okay that's good um did you did you think about using like some because you mentioned the money using some kind of sub-pixel registration if you have an this kind of detectors that you that you could break down your pixel size a bit more yeah yeah in with the we mentioned we got from another master we got a prototype and that worked fairly well it was a bit of programming but i think it's very promising it it we had to um uh uh it's anyway the incoming beam though a little bit yeah because it can only work at at low uh flux conditions but i mean any progress in that field of course will be highly and depreciated to which kind of virtual pixel size did you get at which accuracy of your charge cloud determination i think was a factor five with respect to the physical pixel size of 25 microns so so that was already quite good oh that's great cool thank you team i had another sorry yeah i'm just i just want to say i'm sorry for the delay it's okay just let me know when you're ready and you first and i i was wondering about soft x-rays i mean all the work you're shown is with hard x-rays and what can be you know gained using soft x-rays in this field i think for single cell um uh coherent diffractive imaging a holography or geography uh there would be uh quite some interest yeah i mean if we if we started to think about 8 kv and then consider the phase shift of an organelle and the phase i mean of course in a in a tissue and hydrated larger environment you don't have a choice but ideally i think in the tender regime if you would have the right detectors and high numerical aperture on the geometry you would probably get a very good sensitive instrument for 3d reconstructions i mean there's there's of course the classical water window x-ray microscopy that is quite mature and also i think you you see the the the benefits um but then i think uh three four five kv ish two to four kv tender that has been around people talk about it but i don't see a single instrument that can serve it and it could be it could be it could be of interest


What's up guys, my name is Matt Beck and today on Tutorial Tuesday, we cut a face frame. What's up guys, I'm so excited to bring you guys another Tutorial Tuesday. Today, we're going to be focusing on a face frame haircutting technique. But before we get into it, I want to talk about my scissor choice for this cut. It's the Mizetani DB20, one of my favorite scissors. It's a 5.7 inch. You can see it's got a ball bearing screw and also a non-removable tang. Those are two of my favorite qualities in a scissor. It's also the 5.7 inch blade. Like I said, I like a little bit shorter blade for precision cutting. I don't like to go too short, so the 5.7 inch works really well for me. It's also a nano-powder metal scissor, which basically means that the metal in the scissor is made from the same technology that Blu-ray discs are made of. So all of the molecules in the scissor are all the same and you get a nice, consistent, crisp cut. It grips the hair so you get really nice precision lines. So the first thing I'm going to do for this technique is I'm just going to split the head in half. Because this is tutorial Tuesday, I'm not going to do a full haircut. What I want to go over with you guys is just the face frame technique. So I split the front and back. We're going to work on a side parting. So let's pretend like the guest parts are here on the left-hand side. If it was the right-hand side, just do the opposite. Now we're working with a thicker, more dense side. So that would be the heavy side and we're working with a light side. Now what I want to talk to you guys about is the different angles first. So if you see where 90 degrees is, is where my comb is coming straight out from the head. So anytime I'm lifting the hair, the key to a perfect face frame is all about elevation. So you're going to notice I really focus on the elevation throughout this cut. My fingers are parallel to the parting. So I have a diagonal forward parting and then my fingers mimic that angle and I start my cut. Now this is going to be based on how long you want the bangs to be. So make sure that you don't go too short if you don't want shorter bangs. Now I clip the other side away and I continue working up the head. Now I'm going to keep showing you guys where 90 degrees is because then I want to create a perfect angle of a zero degree elevation. So I find out where 90 is and then I elevate the hair to zero. Now anything below zero is just going to fall as dead weight. So a lot of you guys that have cut a face frame in the past and had a challenge with it being too heavy, the reason it's too heavy is because of the fact that your elevation is way too low for the density that you're working with. So let's say we're working with medium density. Then I'm going to go through her hair and keep it at that zero degree angle all the way through. Now also notice how I just took that section. Now we're working wider than my fingers are. So I break it up because I'm working on the top of the head here so I get that zero degree elevation there. Then I move to the lower part of the head which is a completely different angle. So anytime I'm cutting hair I'm really focused on the head shape and where my elevation is and that's going to give me the best result in the end. So I just work my way through there. I break that section up into two. I'm going to do the same thing here. So basically a long parietal ridge, bring all of that over, cut it at zero degrees. And again when I say zero a lot of you guys might get confused because a lot of people think zero is just all the way to the floor. Now that depends on how you were taught to cut hair. But for me it always worked in my mind to know where 90 is on the head and go zero off of that. So just bringing everything over, stationary guide. The only difference is we shift our elevation as we work through the head shape and that will give us the most even and best result for a face frame. Now I clip away the heavy side and I'm going to work on the light side. Now a lot of people are taught when they cut a face frame to cut it exactly the same. Keep everything identical, keep it symmetrical. Well if you're working with a light side and you're working with a heavy side then on the light side I keep my elevation nice and low because what does low elevation do? It builds up weight. And the fact is on her light side I want her to have a build up of weight. I want it to feel a little bit heavier because then when she goes to style it even though both sides are asymmetrical, they feel symmetrical. You can see how that layer and movement works. Now I'm going to go in with Palmichel Neuro Style Prime. This is a blow-dry primer. It's a heat protectant. So any of you guys looking for a nice heat protectant it makes the hair smooth and silky. That's a great product. Also this is the Palmichel Neuro Halo Dryer. It's a brand new blow dryer. It's only my second video using it. It's a really powerful blow dryer. It's got all digital on the top so you can work the different heat settings, ion settings, all of that works through the top of the blow dryer. So I go through, I do a flat wrap technique using my Ergo Paddle Brush and then I go in with the brand new Neuro Halo Iron to smooth the hair out. The cool thing about this iron is as soon as you fire it up it's all digital. So it's all touch panel just like the blow dryer. So it's really cool, very futuristic, cool little tool that you can get if you want to on palmichel.com. Now I go through, I iron it out. Keep everything nice and smooth just following the head shape and as you can see I take nice tight tension. You'll see it right here just like I'm going to cut it to go through and do my iron work. That gives me the smoothest result possible. So here we go, just finishing it up. I use a little bit of Palmichel Express Style Stay Strong. It's a really firm hold hairspray just to finish off the style and really set it so you guys can see the result. What I want you guys to notice is right around the cheek where that density usually is the heaviest. Because of the elevation that we did throughout the haircut that's why you're seeing it nice and smooth and consistent all the way throughout it. You can see any part of this haircut that feels heavier because we did the right elevation throughout the cut. If you guys like this video then please hit the subscribe button below. Also make sure you hit that like button. And remember, if you're looking for some new Mizutani scissors then go to freesaloneducation.com. We have the best deals on the internet. Thank you guys so much for watching and we'll see you guys on the next video. Thanks.


Hi everyone, happy Tuesday. I'm Joe, coming at you with a Jaspy exclusive. Little hit parade, Jaspy collaboration here. Basketball edition, this is Ram Team Break number two, and there's an early bird promo. If you're one of the first 18 spots, you get entered for a chance to win an extra spot. So big thanks to the first 18 right over here, chance to win an extra spot. So that's the first dice roll, the second dice roll will be for names and teams and we'll do the official break randomizer. But for the early bird, name on top, after two. The left eye of the bird, and the right eye of the bird. Left eye, right eye, and the early bird winner is Matt. Congrats to you. In fact, you were the earliest of birds there. There you go. Now let's gather everyone's names here and let's assign you a team. Six and a one, names and teams, seven times. Lucky seven, one, two, three, four, five, six, and seventh and final time. Jimmy down to Gretchen. Six and a one, seven times for the teams. One, two, three, four, five, six, and a one, seventh and final time. After seven, we got the Brooklyn Nets down to the San Antonio Spurs. Go Spurs, go. All right, Jimmy, you got the Nets. Peter with the Rockets, Chad with the Jazz, Adam with the Timberwolves, Brenton with the Blazers, Shane with my Lakers. Josh with the Pistons, Brenton with the Hawks, Jonathan with the Knicks, Matt with the Celtics, that's your early bird spot, Matt. Gretchen, Raptors, Jonathan with the Warriors, Rosario with the Sons, Desmond, Pelicans. Robert with the Pacers, Adam with the Nuggets, Robert with the Bucks, David with the Cavs, Matt with the Mavs, Josh with the Bulls, George with the Clippers, Jonathan with the Miami Heat, Matt with the Sixers, Gretchen with the Kings, Brenton with the Wizards, Chad with the Magic, Mike with the Thunder, and Gretchen with the Grizzlies, Hornets, and Spurs. Let's sort alphabetically by team, and we're gonna pause the video. When we come back, we're gonna see if there's any trades and then we will have the break, stick around, be right. All right, and we're back ladies and gentlemen, we got some breaking news here too. Here on Tuesday, November 16th, 2021, today is the day that in Los Angeles, the Staples Center, the home of the Lakers, Kings, right? Sparks, Staples Center now turning into crypto.com arena. Apparently one of the biggest naming rights deals in sports, crazy. No deals were done here, so thanks everybody for getting into the action. Jonathan, you ended up with Lastfod Mojo, and you got the Miami Heat. Thanks everybody, and good luck. Well, collaboration we did with Hit Parade. We kind of gave them some criteria, some parameters, and they, price points and whatnot, and they built out this product for us, so nice little collaboration. Thank you, Hit Parade. Yeah, BAM is saying $700 million for those naming rights. I don't, no word, that's a good point. No word on whether the family that owns Staples Center, the organization that owns the Staples Center, AG, if they got it $700 million in crypto or not. I mean, I take some of it in crypto, right? I wonder how many years the deal is. It's probably over a long period of time. That's still a lot of money. All right, first one out of the gate. Hey, some Lakers speaking of Staples Center. Magic Johnson speaking of the Lakers. That goes to Shane Woods and the Magic Man. Nice start. Someone tracked the price of Bitcoins. Is it going up now? Now that that, that's been used. There is Hachimura, nice. Rui Hachimura 2019 Panini Prism Basketball, PSA9. It's got a lot of upside. Brennan with the Wizards. Do we call, I think we call it the Crypt now. Like, like the Crypt Keeper. Sounds very spooky. Oliver, we were kind of, gang and I, you're kind of joking around, speaking of gangs. We're kind of joking around that, that bloods will not be allowed at the Crypt arena. We would have to, we would have to cross out all Bs. And a bam saying that the 20, it's a 20 year deal that's being reported. There's Donovan Mitchell, nice. Jazz had a great game today. Nice Donovan Mitchell autograph going to Chad in the Utah Jazz. Staple centers before was nothing. I think it was parking, what was there before Oliver? Was it part of the LA Convention Center? I think there were some old buildings there Rex. Graded card, nice Michael Porter Jr. 2018, 19 prism, tricolor, Michael Porter Jr. Oh, was it a parking lot? Yeah, I think that area was a parking lot. But then they redid the LA Convention Center and then they built the arena for the Lakers and year one Rex, it was Staple Center. So it wasn't anything before, except for parking lots. Yeah, I almost forgot what was there before. Michael Porter Jr. going to Denver. That goes to Adam Kelly and the Nuggets. Say no to gangs, ladies and gentlemen, just that's the official Jaspie position. All right, next is Jason Tatum from 2017. That's rookie Jason Tatum. Groove parallel, PSA nine. Celtics, Matt Lieber with that early bird spot. All right, next box. Yeah, like Jason Jaspie was saying to me, he was like made a good point. Like it's inevitable, right? How long did you think that Staple's was going to be able to hold on to those super expensive naming rights? Ooh, got some Atlanta Hawks and it's Cam Reddish. 2019, Panini select basketball Cam Reddish. I feel like he started off, but his third year of his career pretty nicely, I think. Breton with Atlanta. So definitely some upside for guys like him. Four bucks to go. Good luck, everybody. If at first you don't succeed, try, try again. We've got some more of this in the store. We also have a football version of this as well. Another Jaspie's collab. So we got basketball and football. We got Emmanuel Quickly, nice. Blue Wave rookie autograph for the Knicks. Building a nice, nice team here. Jonathan with the New York Knicks. So yeah, Clippers moving out the right. Yeah, right onto, get out of here, Clippers. We don't need the Clippers. They didn't bring any championships to that building. Some Kings, a Fox in the box. Three color patch and autograph. Love the tie-dye parallel. De'Aaron Fox, 12 out of 25. That's going to go to Sacramento. Gretchen with the Fox and the box. De'Aaron Fox, that's from 2017, 18, select basket. Is this rookie De'Aaron, is that his rookie year Oliver? Oliver's a Kings guy. Usually it says on the card, but it does not. Yeah, he's a 2017 pick, fifth overall. So rookie patch auto and tie-dye. I understand that. This would be an interesting story because back in 2009 Staples bought lifetime rights to the arena. So also they must have just paid off Staples Center. Maybe, or someone was saying that either that or they couldn't pay the fees every year to keep it on there. So it's probably like avoiding their contract. But who knows, maybe it will take some time, but it'll eventually be fine. Wow, that's crazy. There's your Clippers. Wow, Chae Gil just said Alexander's been playing really well. Not for the Clippers, for OKC, but this is a great rookie auto to have. Nice SGA for George and the Clippers tried to trade, couldn't trade Mojo. Get out of our building Clippers. All right, final box. Good luck, everybody. Thank you, thank you, thank you. You're far too kind. Got more of this in the store if you want to run this back. We've got time tonight. Final one is going to be Alexi Pokusevsky. Rated rookie autograph. Nice. People in the preseason really liked his upside. So let's see how he finishes the season, my tower. OKC with that one. I think he's playing all right right now too. There you go, ladies and gentlemen. I'm Joe for Janet. Well, there you go. George Cobb is an OKC fan. So he likes the SGA. Nice. There you go, George. There you go, everybody. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us. We've got more in the store. So let's keep up the momentum. Joe for jaspeaskasebrakes.com. I'll see you next time for the next hit parade. Jaspe's exclusive break. Bye-bye.


Welcome back to my channel and welcome. If you're new here, my name is Jen I'm a certified weight loss and nutrition coach and I'm on the Weight Watchers or the WW blue plan. Happy Friday friends It's Friday. It's the end of a week. It's the weekend and it's another weigh-in and WW workshop topic recap So if you're excited for this video, don't forget to give it a big huge thumbs up And if you're new to my channel or you haven't yet subscribed, I do a weigh-in every single Friday We go over the WW workshop and I let you know kind of how my week was and what my goals are moving into the next week So make sure that you're subscribed and that you ring the bell next to it So you never miss a Friday weigh-in or any other video for that matter check out the description box down below for nutrition coaching I do offer personalized to you macros and calories. Let me give you the information You need to be most successful I will tell you that most of my clients that have used my macros and have followed them consistently have lost more weight than they ever Have before so highly highly recommend that service and if you're looking for a little bit more Individualized or one-on-one support. I do offer 30 and 60 minute coaching sessions So check that out as well links discounts to all of my very favorite things as well as my Facebook group are also down In that description box. So we have a lot to talk about it's been another week. Let's jump in Boy it has been another week Not only am I a hundred percent still in puppy mom mode my favorite time of the month started this week And it has been a rough one. I haven't been feeling very good. I'm extremely fatigued and tired I'm just not feeling like my normal self So that's been a little bit rough this week on top of being extremely busy with Palmer And of course, you know getting things up and running here on YouTube filming videos and editing and cleaning my house And doing my laundry and all of my responsibilities have been a bit much this week It's been a pretty rough week for me I started the week off well before my time of the month rolled in and the end of the week didn't finish off as well I just got sidetracked with life and pretty much didn't track the later part of the week Basically the last four to five days. I didn't even track now that doesn't mean that I went crazy and ate all the things I still was mindful and watched what I was eating. It just wasn't top on my list I don't know what it is. I don't know about you guys But I'm just struggling with the motivation to track not necessarily the motivation to eat Well, and definitely not the motivation to work out, but the motivation to track. I'm really struggling with that I don't know what it is. It's just maybe a little bit of diet or tracking fatigue I'm just not Motivated to track my food, you know I took a couple weeks off in March from tracking when we originally got our puppy And I don't know if maybe I need a little bit of a break from tracking again Maybe a longer break. I have to really think about that But as of right now, I'm struggling with tracking my food what I'm not struggling with is getting in my workouts I've been nailing my workouts. It's actually been a little bit of an escape from having a puppy And as you guys know my husband's on medical leave, so he's home all the time So it just gives me a little bit of me time and when I'm done working out I just feel so much better. So that's been a huge thing that's been positive this last week So with having a puppy not feeling the best It's just definitely been a week that I've struggled before I share my way in with you guys I wanted to talk to you a little bit about this week's WW workshop and that is to make your habits stick If you're ready to build a new habit, maybe that's tracking your food Jen Maybe building a habit of actually consistently tracking There are some steps that you can take to effectively build a new habit number one is to choose a focus choose a focus for that Habit and maybe it's to eat better to exercise more to sleep Soundly or maybe even just shifting your mindset into a more positive one Number two is to brainstorm ideas on how you can take that focus and implement it into developing a new habit Write down three ideas for some behaviors that would benefit you in establishing a new habit Choose one of those behaviors and repeat that at least three times this next week Write it down in the calendar track it in your planner Give yourself a gold star every day that you complete that behavior and your goal is to do that three times this next week And the last piece of the puzzle is to reflect and think back on how did it make you feel to do that behavior that? Positive behavior that's going to help you build a new habit over the course of the week Did you feel successful in that? Did you feel motivated and determined to keep going? There's conflicting information on whether it takes 21 days or 30 days to develop a new habit But you can start with doing that positive Reinforcing behavior three days a week and eventually as time goes on and you continue to do that You'll develop a new positive habit and remember when behaviors have an immediate positive reinforcement They make you feel better immediately.  It will generally prompt you to stand every hour. How about taking a nightly walk after dinner? It's really good to get our bodies moving after we've consumed a meal. It helps digest it a little bit more efficiently So how about taking a quick evening walk and lastly? What about dancing it out dance like no one's watching in the morning in the evening whenever you're feeling like you just Need to get up and move how about doing just a little dance in your living room If the habit you'd like to form is to sleep a little more soundly Try reading a book before bed instead of being on your phone Those lights and the blue light from your phone actually helps keep us awake not put us to sleep Make a worry list. This will actually help clear your head of all of your worries And lastly put on some calming music and stretch stretch out your body To that calming music and generally that will help trigger your hormone that it's time for you to sleep And the last positive habit may be to really have a big shift in your mindset and your overall thinking Some behaviors that will help you do this is write down three good things that happen that day every single night Have a little notepad in your nightstand put it in the notes on your phone But every night write down three good things that happen that day and don't tell me there wasn't three good things There's always three good things whether they're big or small that happen to us every single day You can also think of a non-scale victory when you wake up in the morning Don't base it around the scale base it around non-scale victories Maybe you got out of bed a little quicker that morning or maybe your body isn't as tired In sore as you continue to lose weight and lastly have a friend have a go-to buddy Someone you can call when you're feeling stressed out that will help put you at ease So hopefully this helps you think about a new habit that you'd like to start and the behaviors associated with building that habit It's always good to have little mini goals little mini things that we want to change and improve on on our weight loss journey So it's funny that this was the topic when I just told you that i'm really struggling with tracking my food So a habit that I would like to develop is to consistently track my food I need to sit down and think about some behaviors that would benefit me inconsistently tracking my food For me right now my mind my heart just isn't in it So I really need to deep dive into myself and figure out what's going on and really figure out why I just don't want to track my food and I know that that isn't beneficial to my weight loss journey I know that but sometimes what we know is the right thing to do and what we are doing don't necessarily line up So my goal moving into this next week is to take a hard look at why i'm just not motivated to track my food And i'm going to be setting up a challenge for myself for the month of may It's going to be kind of like a 75 hard but not a 75 hard I'll definitely be sharing my challenge and what is part of that challenge with you guys as we get a little bit closer to april There are some things that i want to set up for myself to do every single day in the month of may to help develop a positive habit A habit that is going to help me on my weight loss journey So stay tuned for that as we get a little bit closer to the end of the month of april So with getting in my workouts eating relatively well over the week and just not necessarily Tracking when I stepped on the scale today. I'm actually up 0.4 and that partly is because of my cycle I'm right in the middle of it And this is the time for me that I generally see the scale go up just a little bit So i'm not upset about it I know that there's things in and out of my control that were part of that 0.4 What I am a little bummed out about is that I didn't reach my 60 pounds loss and instead of being 0.2 away I'm now 0.6 away, but I have faith that I can do that this next week So now I want to hear from you guys Let me know if you're struggling with tracking or if there's anything overall that you're struggling with And what healthy habit you would like to build also Let me know if you'd be interested in taking part in this challenge that i'm going to put together For the month of may i'll be posting all of the challenge information in my facebook group So if you're not in my facebook group head on over and join us there I'll be posting what i'm going to do for myself in that group I'll also be talking about it here in videos on youtube But on facebook is where you're going to find the most information Also, let me know how your week was. Did you gain? Did you lose? I want to hear from you guys Let me know what healthy habits you want to build and if you're struggling, of course I'm here to help you So don't forget to give this video a thumbs up if you enjoyed it and hit that little subscribe button So that you never miss a friday weigh in or another video for that matter If you ring the bell next to it, you'll be notified every single time I upload Check out the description box for nutrition coaching. This may be a good time for a one-on-one session If you're struggling like I am with a piece of your weight loss or your maintenance journey Also links discount codes to all my favorite things and don't forget to join my facebook group If you want to be the first one to know about my huge challenge I'm putting out for myself for the month of may. Thank you guys so so much for watching happy friday I hope you have a fantastic weekend and i'll see you all in tomorrow's grocery haul. Bye


Aninadama wa state, the Catholic Bishop of Eola diocese, Steven Mamza, has urged Christian faithful to keep the faith and remain steadfast in Christ. Despar the challenges in the country, Bishop Maaza said in the year 2022 there is the need for more commitment towards a better Nigeria by all concerned. He pray the Nigeria will overcome its present challenges and be prosperous. I expected to imitate him by making sacrifices for the good of others, by denying ourselves whatever comfort that we have in order that others can be happy and others can be comfortable. So, sacrifice means denying yourself something that probably you need in order that the other person can benefit from it. The Bishop pointed out that citizens should be part of nation building and set it as a collective responsibility. He also urged residents to pray against insurgency and other challenges facing the country. We believe throughout this length season by his grace, I believe things will work out good and we strongly believe that our prayers have been answered and through Jesus Christ all our troubles, all our problems will be gone in Jesus Christ. With this season of lengthing, season, every Christians used to play and I so much believe that these players that every people have done will surely bring peace in this country, Nigeria.