At Audiology Associates of Prestonsburg, you can live your life the way you want and find the freedom of better hearing. You'll experience patient care that is specific to you with exceptional follow-up care that ensures your hearing and balance needs are being met. Audiology Associates at 1428 Northlake Drive in Prestonsburg. On Monday, October 10th, the 24th bear statue in the city of Pikeville was unveiled in front of the Avis Center. The kindness bear is dedicated to those diagnosed with autism and was painted by local artist and illustrator Chris Epling. Mountain Top News spoke with Main Street director Minta Trimble to learn more. So yeah, the downtown bears has been a project for about close to 10 years. And each year we add a couple more. And this year we've done a little bit more area than just downtown, but they're all walkable. And the addition of this bear, the kindness bear, is kind of like autism awareness. Each one of them have their own special meaning. But we're really, really, you know, this one's close to our hearts. Because it is something real, you know, whereas maybe some of the other bears are more like cartoon or, you know, celebrity or something. This one, you know, has a true meaning. So as I said, this is our 24th bear. And we do have more to come. And we're really excited about that. We will be having some bears that sit, some baby bears. So it's just started as an artisan project. And we wanted to do art installations downtown that people would be able to go to see, take their pictures with. And then just kind of walk around town. So we're really, really excited that this would just add a little bit more to a little bit more of a walk. The new bear stands proudly in front of the Ava Center as a landmark, just as all the other bears across Pikeville. The kindness bear acts as a symbol of inclusivity and diversity. I think there has been an absolute great turnout today. And yes, up to the leading up coming on to this, working with the artist, Chris Epling, has just been great. These bears go out like, as we want to say, a call for artist. The artist gets a picture of the bear and they get to create their thoughts upon that fiberglass surface as to whatever it will be. So as I said, Chris is the artist and we worked with him on this. So it's been a great turnout for the people in the community. And they get to share this experience. So that's what it's all about. Reporting for Mountain Top News, I'm Nick Column.


ThinkTek Hawaii, civil engagement lives here. This is Prince Dax, the Prince of Investing, coming all the way live from the beautiful state of Haluahua, Hawaii, via Denver, Colorado. Y'all like my new cup, huh? Thanks to my wife for that. How are you maybe catching this? I want to say thank you guys for tuning in, but as always, I don't have a lot of time and I definitely know you guys and girls don't have a lot of time, so we're going to jump straight into it. So today's video and topic is going to be about what are leveraged ETFs. Leveraged ETFs. What are leveraged ETFs? So before we can talk about what are leveraged ETFs, I'm going to talk about what are ETFs in general, what are leveraged ETFs and how they can be added to your portfolio to pretty much put your portfolio or your position or whatever you have on steroids. Then we're going to talk about advantages. Then we're going to talk about a disadvantage and we're going to talk about how they kind of work. All right? So let's stay tuned. Well, first of all, let's talk about what I said. We're going to talk about what are ETFs? What are ETFs? First, ETFs are an acronym for exchange-traded funds.  It tracks a particular entity. For a prime example, you have all types of ETFs out there. You have ETFs that track oil, you have ETFs that track the retail market, you have ETFs that track the stock market. You probably heard me mention in the past, ETFs, you know, getting an ETF to track the S&P 500, you have ETFs that track indexes, all types of things. So what they pretty much are, they're pretty much, you know, how you have a basket, let's say the S&P 500. You don't have enough money to go and buy every stock in the S&P 500. I'm not speaking to everybody, maybe you do, who knows. But let's say you're like, hey, I don't have enough money to buy everything in the S&P 500, but how can I get some of the benefits and get some of the earns, some of the returns that the S&P 500 earns? There are certain ways to do that. You can do it via index fund. You can do it via mutual fund. You can do it via ETF. All the ETF does is it's passive. All it does is it just tracks the S&P 500. When the S&P 500 goes down, so does it. When the S&P 500 goes up, so does it. When the S&P 500 stay the same, so does it.  When you buy a mutual fund, you have what you ended the day, the last year the day, but an ETF, it prices moves daily, depending on what this is tracking, what it is tracking. The defining difference is ETFs are passively managed. Meaning that there's no manager back there trying to beat the market or beat something. All it does is track something. For prime example, you may have something called like BOOG, B-O-O-G, that's Victor Oscar golf. Meaning this is the BOOG, Vanguard, S&P 500 growth stocks. So it picks out its growth stocks. Or someone picks out the growth stocks inside the Vanguard S&P 500 and it just tracks those stocks.  But it's kind of a general synopsis of what an ETF is. They still pay dividends. The expense ratio is usually pretty low, lower compared to a mutual fund. Because a mutual fund, you have a basket of stocks and you have someone actively managing them.  Versus an ETF, it is just tracking whatever it's supposed to track. Hey, just track this particular index, track this particular industry, track these four or five stocks, that's it. So they have their way of, it's an easy way to be able to say, hey, for $200, I can get the benefit of the whole entire stock market. Versus just trying to get the whole entire benefit of just get the whole entire benefit of the entire stock market. Instead of trying to pay more fees, because try to pay more fees to a mutual fund, or like an index fund, you can buy and sell it relatively easy. And it moves up and down like a stock. So I hope that doesn't confuse you too much, but that's what ETF is, and it's change-traded fund, right? These big takeaways is it tracks something, it's a monitor, you know, you can do that, some P500, all type of things like that. But one of the big takeaways is it trades like a stock, it's passively managed, and it's a way to be able to get benefit of the entire industry with just a purchase of one particular security. So also thanks to education is dope. I think it's a local nonprofit raising five to eight zero on Facebook. So yeah, definitely thank them for the shirt, definitely appreciate it. Now, back to the topic. Now one of the things that they do is, now that's the S&P, I'm not the S&P founder, but that's the ETF and it's change-traded fund. Now we're going to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of an ETF. Some of your main advantages of a particular ETF is, you know, it trades easy like a stock, right?  It kind of beats a mutual fund because a mutual fund has more fees associated with it in most cases. And, you know, I can buy and sell it. Those are two big things. Hey, I don't have to go in and buy every stock and S&P 500. I can do that via ETFs and be able to buy and sell it pretty fast, get dividends, all those great things, all right? That's the advantages, disadvantages of an ETF. One of the disadvantages I know of an ETF in particular with the S&P 500 tracking the ETF, I've been tracking the S&P 500, is every time you buy it, it's a fee. Every time you sell it, it's a fee. So a prime example, let's say every month I buy S&P 500, every month I buy the S&P 500 ETF to get some of the stock market returns. Every time I go buy that, you know, I know you have some brokers that does it for free, like you may have a robin to the other that has free trading or whatever the case can be. But most of them, like you trade it to your mere trade, most of the traditional brokers, they're going to charge you $4, $5 or $6 or whatever the case can be every time you buy and another $6 every time you sell. So if you brought this thing every single month, that little $6, add up, add up, add up, add up, add up, and add up, right? But when you look at something, when you compare that to a particular index fund, you can get a commission-free index fund, meaning that, like a prime example of S&P 500, you have SWPPX, which is Sierra X-ray Poppa Poppa X-ray. We're not mistaken, that's a symbol, but then it's Charles Schwab's index fund for the S&P 500. And what that does is every time I buy that, I don't have to pay a fee. Every single time I buy that, it's commission-free. So then the expense ratio is a tad bit lower than that of the ETF, right? So I get a tad bit lower expense ratio, meaning more money in my pocket, not into the broker's pocket, and it's no commission every time I buy it. So let's say you have one person who buys the index fund every month, one person who buys the ETF every month, and they're both tracking S&P 500. Let's say the person transaction fees are $5. Off of general, off of top, in one year, a person is gonna spend $60 if they brought one ETF every single month, or two ETFs, or whatever the case can be, because the transaction fee every month starts $5, times 12, that's $60. Two years, that's $100. Three years, that's $180. You guys can see just going to transaction fees, right? Versus the person who buys the index fund, they're getting the same returns you're getting, they're getting the same dividend check you're getting, but without the fees up front. So that's one of my biggest noticeable things when you're an index person, S&P 500. All new investors, I believe about 70%, 80% of your portfolio should probably be the baseline of your portfolio, because if you don't know this, I wanna get off into a tyrant, but over 95, 92, 95% of investors over time do not beat the S&P 500. Now, you can save room in there to go out and buy particular stocks, you can save some room there to get other things, but that's one of the logics behind that. One of the ways you can participate in S&P 500 without being part of the S&P 500. Another thing is, when you're talking about your, now that we're talking about what are ETFs, right? Then we talk about the advantages of ETFs. We spoke about the disadvantage of ETFs. Now we're gonna speak about what are leveraged ETFs with the whole topic you're supposed to be about. So let's get into what are leveraged ETFs. Now leveraged ETFs pretty much takes a position and puts you on, puts it on steroids. Let's say for a prime example, ETF. But ETF, on top of that, I spoke about high-tracks things. It can do the opposite of things as well. For a prime example, you know how you can invest in the S&P 500 ETF that tracks the S&P 500. You can also purchase an ETF that goes against the S&P 500. It shorts whatever you're trying to do. What I mean by that is as the S&P 500 goes up, this ETFs lose money. But with this, when the S&P 500 comes down, it makes money. So some people use these in a way to balance out or to hedge their portfolio. They know another market crash would happen. Even though right now, it doesn't seem that way. It hasn't happened in one, two, three years, right? I mean, it hasn't happened in like nine years. People was thinking about, hey, when is this crash gonna happen? But as yet, it has to happen. What are some ways you can hedge against your portfolio? You can do that with an ETF that goes against the stock market. So as the stock market goes down, it makes money. As the stock market goes up, it doesn't make money. You can make various positions. I mean that you're thinking the market will go down. Or you say, hey, where the market goes down? All I have is stocks. What is the way I can make money on a bear market or when the market goes down? You can do that through ETFs. That's what you hedge over time or whatnot. So now, a leverage ETF takes whatever you're doing and it puts it on steroids. Most of the time you have things like SPXL is a big one. Grab a little water here. My mouth is getting a little dry. And I want to show off my favorite coffee cup. Even though I don't drink coffee. But you can buy like SPXL. We spoke about, VOO, one second please. About that, a little water then caught up with my bro. Little wind pipe. But the thing about it is like we have the VOO which is the Vanguard S&P 500, right?  VOO Vanguard goes up. It just tracks the S&P 500. Let's say if you want to leverage it. Meaning that you want to, you say, hey, well, right now I got Vanguard S&P 500 is only up about 6%. That, you know, that's not very great to me. So I want to get more into what is, you know I want to get a bigger bang for my buck. I really believe the stock market is going to go up. And, you know, how can I leverage myself? Now things you can do, you can buy calls against the market. You can do all type of things like that or whatnot. Leaps and calls and sales calls and sell puts, things like that. But one way you're going to achieve that is through a leverage ETF. For prime example, I challenge you to look up SPXL. Stanley, P as in Peter, X as in XL as in Lima. What this does is whenever the market goes up this goes up three times as much as the market. What this instrument does is heavy on fees. It's 1% and expense ratio. But you got to understand why it has 1% expense ratio because this ETF, they're pretty much buying calls and leaps and futures. They're doing everything to be so bullish on the market that it costs a lot of fees. When you're buying and selling calls and doing this, that's $5 here, $10 here, $20 here, $30 a high turnover ratio because they're betting the market is going to go up. So as the market, if the market goes up, like last year, the market went up about 20%. The leverage ETF went up about 60%, right? Now the same thing would happen on the reverse side. Instead of the market going up 20%, they said the market went down 20%. That leverage ETF is going to go down 20%, right? But this is something that I've been thinking about. Well, if you're a long-term on the market, if you're a person that's, hey, I'm a long-term person, I'm very long on the market over five, 10 a year, whatever the case may be, I'm bullish in a long term, how do you think that leverage ETF will perform over five, 10, 20, 30 years, right? So that's something that's a position you could think about. But what it does is it does the same thing. You can short the market. So as the market comes down, you can make three times as much money. So let's say, for a prime example, the market goes down 2%. Your short ETF could make 6%. Kind of catch my drift, it takes your position and it puts it on steroids. So if you're someone that is bullish, you think that the market is going to go up, you're going to make three times as much. It puts it on, it takes your position and puts it exactly, makes it even stronger. So it says that you got an FNP 500, it goes up 8% this year. The leverage ETF, it's going to go up 24%, right?  But who cares if they're getting great performance?  So let's say I had a portfolio manager and I told them, hey, beat the FNP 500. FNP 500 goes up 8% and FNP 500 goes up 8%. This person makes me 24% and they want to take 4% so I can have 20. Hey, you know what, that's not bad. So that's the thing I want people to understand. When you're looking at leverage ETFs, when you're looking at certain things, right? So they can be utilized to help hedge or to make your position even stronger. If you really be like tomorrow or by the end of the year, I know the market's going to crash, it's going to crash down to 15,000 points and the Dow Jones, I just know what's going to happen. I don't know the Dow Jones short leverage ETF, but this is an investment that you can make, awesome investment instrument that you can utilize to make your position even stronger, how you can make money off of a bear market and you can make your position two to three times stronger. All right? So I hope that kind of makes sense with some of this, most of them still pay dividends slightly lower to pay a little bit in dividends. Then they have a little expense ratio with it and the expense ratio is way higher. That's a disadvantage. The disadvantage is the high expense ratio and the extreme amount of risk you're taking if you're wrong. Let's say myself today, I went and brought, I think the market is going to crash or I think the market is going to crash. So I go buy a short leverage ETF. If the market continues to go up, not only am I going to miss out on the market returns, I'm also going to be paying, every day that thing goes up, I'm going to be losing more and more and more money on my shorts. That's something I want you guys to think about. All right? Leverage ETFs. So, but on the flip side, if you are a bullish person and let's say the market goes from 25,000 and it goes up to 26, crosses a new high, everybody else makes one to 2%, you can make three to 4%. That's the advantages and disadvantages of using the leverage ETFs. So we spoke about what are ETFs, the advantages of ETFs, the disadvantages of ETFs, what are leverage ETFs, the advantages of leverage ETFs, the disadvantages of leverage ETFs. So, hey, do your own research, don't take my word for it. I just want to spark your mind to think about something because education is most certainly dope. And that's all. But this is going to be a short episode of the day. That's going to conclude my topic for today. Thanks everybody for tuning in across the globe. And thanks everybody who's going to catch the playback, who's going to catch the, who's catching this over iHeartRadio, iTunes, all that other stuff like that. So be not following us. We are available on Apple iTunes, we're available on iHeartRadio, we're available on Spotify, we're available on SoundCloud, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, you know, what the kitchen be. Get the audio experience if you want to, follow us on Instagram, follow us on Facebook and I tweet a little bit every now and then, Twitter as well. And most definitely here on YouTube, you can follow us as well at the Investa Show. So, without further ado, until the next podcast, video, or cart zoom, or whatever else you see me do, crazy around the globe. Peace, be safe, I'm out, thank you. I think I kind of love this cup. You might see this on every episode.


Hello, everyone. I'm Archita from India. I'm a design graduate, and I've been working with QED 42 for the last one and a half years. Today, in this 30-minute session, I'll be condensing all my learnings from the last various projects, though it is difficult to do it one year long and putting it down in, like, 25 minutes, but I'll try my best. Out of the various design services that we offer in QED, UI UX is one of the major one, and I get to interact with the clients and dev team a lot when I work on the UX projects with the company. So this is my first time here. I'm really excited. Let's start. So my journey towards designing for Drupal has been really exciting, but at the same time, it has been quite challenging for me as the industry was new. So back at the college, we have been trained to design with no boundaries. But when I came to the industry, I realized that, yes, there are boundaries, and there are limitations that you have to look at. So this is what I'm going to talk about here, and I have learned in these various projects how to mold creative solutions to effective solutions. Not that a digital strategy or a design strategy cannot be applied in Drupal or cannot be, is not possible in Drupal, but there are real-life constraints according to the budget and the time given on a specific project. Who do I interact with? Clients who are very particular, they have their priorities straight. Developers who are generally saying no to things, they are very concerned about technical feasibility all the time. So there are times when I have to bridge the gap between the two also at times. Let's see what the developers have to say about designers. The audio is not playing. Just give me a minute, I'm sorry. Can you check the audio, please? Yeah, he's a friend and developer. That's what he said. Okay, I'll check my desktop if the video I have works from there. It's not working here as well. Okay, moving further, maybe we can come back to listen to Morton later. So the major challenges that I have faced while working with different teams is that communication challenges. The first communication challenges come when you cannot interact with someone. It could be due to various reasons. Someone is not available or there are times when you work on multiple projects and it depends on how big your firm is and how accessible people are to you. The second one is optimizing value, the time and cost. So generally we try to deliver the most creative solution to people, to our clients. But we have to consider the time and the cost that they are setting up, that the client really needs. So we have to deliver exactly what is needed for the business and nothing less, nothing more. The third is the feasibility constraints. Now feasibility is not always about what can be done or cannot be done. It is about is it really needed for the business? So according to me, the solution is communication. It is as simple as communication, but when and at what stages of the project. Coming to the roadmap where the first section is discovery, where we empathize with the user and the client. We try to understand the user behavior and get all the grab all the things that the client wants from the project. Second, we define all the findings, all the unstructured findings that we found in the empathy stage. We define them to a concrete problem that we have to solve. And as you see, in the first step we are interacting with the user and the client. The second one is where we are interacting with the client as well as the dev team here. Because the earlier we let the dev team know the why behind the design decisions, the better judgment will they be able to make at later stages of the project. So it is very important for them to know about each design decision we make. Discovering the project, it is very important to understand the business and what it exactly wants to achieve right in the beginning of the project. So the questionnaire that we ask our clients have to be very direct and not abstract. We have to ask them direct questions that are exactly related to the design brand or the UX. So this is a link to the questionnaire that we use back at QED. You can download it from here. It has both UX and brand questions that you can ask your clients in the projects. This is an example of a project which had multiple pages to be designed. So I had interacted with the client already, but since this was one of the initial projects I was working on, I listed down all the pages that I had to design, but I did not set priority to what was important and what was really needed for the business. This is a profile page. This is just an example, which took me a day to design because I was trying to be very intricate with it. I did not know this was really not important for the launch of the website. And this took one day for me and probably two days for the dev team to get this up. And this in total got us three days down. This wasn't important for the phase one, but if you see that one page is costing us three days and a number of pages would cost us two weeks and two weeks of loss is a big thing. So business alignment comes with discovering the project that which is very important. So you need to know what is absolutely important to build first and what next, the priority basically. The need of understanding budget, which is very important. So when I design a project, a website, say a homepage, I go with what the brand wants or what the brand looks like, the philosophy, the characteristics of the brand. Here, this was a designer profile website that I was making. I put in all the parallax effects and animations, but I did not know that the client did not have that much of a budget to launch the website. I definitely spent more than a week on this, but this wasn't executed. So this was a waste of my time. The second phase is prototyping and testing. Wireframing, right. So even the developers need to come in here as when I'm wireframing, maybe I'm just paper prototyping and everything is just in a rough stage. But I still have my feature set ready and tangible enough to show to the dev team. So the feature set shown to the dev team can bring in some suggestions or critique from their end. That the structure of the app, wireframing, prototyping and usability testing needs high involvement from the dev team as well. This is another example of a project. This was, it is for a medical institution. As you see the cross-marked in here, when I designed the two pages, I thought it was obvious for the dev team to understand that the transition is going to be horizontal. It's going to be a horizontal scroll. But, and it was very later in the project delivered to them that it had to be a horizontal scroll and not a vertical scroll, which costed us a lot more extra time than it would have if I told them right in the beginning, the animations right in the prototyping stage of the roadmap that I explained. Right, so yeah, it was random. And this is another project where you see the green, the tags there and the option one that I made, could, if I X out the tag, it gets deleted from there. And the second option, 2.1, is the one I can click on edit on the right and then this 2.2 pops up and I can either edit it or delete it. So option one and two are two different ways of doing it, UI, user interface options, but, and it doesn't, both are quite similar in the user experience as well. But these two options did save a lot of dev time required to build it, build this. And that's why UI considerations are important because at places where the UX is not getting affected by the UI, it is important to pick up that UI option which does not let, you know, make my dev team work more than what is required, what is actually required for the project. This is another example where I didn't back up. So here, this was the first option of the design that I made. You see the red button which shows real-time property count. And this is a filter page. So it's a search flow where I select this filters and the red button shows me real-time count of the properties. This was definitely going to take a lot of time for my dev team to get this going. We had a discussion and the client wanted this. This was definitely a better usability for the user. So we went ahead with this option. Because we did not, why don't we change the UI here? Because sometimes we have to go with what the client wants or what is actually a better UX. Now if we removed this real-time button, a property count showing button, it would change the UX a lot. It would get it down by a lot of points. So we went ahead and spent more time on dev here and executed this. The last stage is production. When the designs are going into production, it is still important for us to be involved with the front-end developers here because we can't leave it on them. In the user interface design, when the visual design that are actually coming to life, it is important for us to be there and deliver the style guides and the font types and images perfectly. The font types, right? So it is, I have learned in the last few projects that I've worked on that using multiple fonts on a webpage is not a good thing. So this again contrasts to my learnings from my college, from my university, where we used to use the fanciest of the fonts and the numerous fonts and different font weights and sizes to use typography. But again, as Morton, we couldn't watch Morton's video, but he said that we have to understand, it's not a movie, it's not flash, web is web. So that has to be considered here. Using minimum font types will improve performance of the website, which is the functionality improves the better the webpage is. Yes. So have you plugged in your audio or Sagas? Right here is your audio. Okay, thank you. Okay, I can also play it at the end. We can just write. So these are the materials which we need to deliver to the dev team right on time for them to be able to execute this perfectly and bring our designs to life. So the roadmap I just explained will definitely not be successful without a kickoff meeting. And the kickoff meeting should not just be a 30 minutes block of reviewing documentation or timelines, it should be very collaborative. We can have interactive exercises or get everyone thinking, the entire team, the design, the dev sides, everyone thinking on the same lines about technical feasibility and design priorities. So the designer developer collaboration has gone quite ahead. You should definitely check out patternlab.io where you see designs coming to patterns and I'm going to talk about component-specific design here. These are examples from different websites. The ones in the red are blocks, similar components, which have been reused, even this one. And these three are three different kinds of website. The first one on the left is a linear website. As you see, the one in the center is a content-heavy website, very informational. The one on the right is a design-intensive website. But all have similar components and this is what I want to talk about. I believe that if you have an in-house team of designers and developers, you can come up with a set of components that can be reused in various projects in the future. So it's like a one-time investment or strategizing where you build a set of components and you can work on them and use them later, reuse them in the later projects. These are quick benefits of atomic design. I point out the fifth one. So because of the atomic design, like we built the components earlier and we can reuse them, so the grid is defined. You do not have to pay much attention to the pixel-perfect execution of it. So cutting down time on the UI, we can invest that time more on the UX. So as a designer, if my time is, if I do not have to reinvest the time on the UI, I can use that time and look at the UX required for a variety of projects that I'm working in the future. This is the session you can attend after this. He will be talking about Drupal Component Design. It's today in straws five to eight, five to six. I'm summarizing here now. This is the conclusion slide for my session today. It is my take on a project plan. It could be subjective, it could be worked upon later. It could be refined in the future. But as of now, I want to put this down here. This is the roadmap from the left to the right. The dotted red lines that you see is the involvement of the dev team that I feel should be there on every project. And after every stage, I've put it down. The longer the line, the more involvement of the developers needed. So that is how I've represented it. As the fidelity of the design increases from the left to the right, you see the involvement of the developers and their feedback coming in on the project also increases. I believe this is the way it should be taken forward. Yes. You can tell me what you felt about the session. There's a link for this survey. And any questions? Oh, I'll play the video. My name is Morton DK. I've been working at Drupal for many, many years. As part of front-end development, also as a designer, but so my primary experience about working with the designers has actually been the hardest part of them to understand what we're trying to achieve by building a website. And that can be a hard thing to get if you're not used to or not as involved into digital media as you are, as you work as a female, or understand HTML and CSS. So my biggest concern, I would say, by working with the designers is their lack of understanding what HTML and CSS can do. And having ideas that it's a movie, or it's a flash thing, or it's a newspaper, is like they cannot forget that the web is the web. And that's like the biggest issue. The best thing about working with the designers is that they're creative people and they can help you push so much more of what we're gonna do. The worst thing is if they don't understand the MVP perspective of the project, but they can help you push the boundaries, make stuff prettier, make it easier to self-organize, and it can also go the other way. So I would hope the designers got better to learn the media, really to learn how to, what you can create just by building a website and not doing like a movie, or a flash thingy, or whatever. I really like working with designers. I come from a designery background myself. I focus on front end, so I have a really good time sitting down with designers and figuring out the best way to do all the triple A things that we can do. I really like it, and I think there should be more collaboration between designers and developers in the community. So as a young designer, what has been your more, your painful, your more painful part? So what has been the hard part for you? Redesigning, redoing my work all the time. So I think, but that has helped me learn, and that has been exciting. That is exactly what has been fascinating about redoing work and learning myself, working with developers who are actually, from a different world altogether. Thank you.


Good morning. So I know you will find this boring, but let me make the little diagram again, OK? It makes me happy. So I was thinking we have our space, and we have our map, and we take a U, and we take the first return map, and that gives us our renormalization operator. And then there was this thing that renormalization, which we saw, connects topology, and we started to see the connection with measure theory yesterday. And today we will finish the measure theory part, and we will start to look at the difficult part of renormalization. And if time allows, we will look at the bifurcation part. And if time allows, we will also look at the geometry, but maybe not today. OK, so let's go back to the measure theory. So the theorem says, which we were discussing yesterday, so if you have a diffio, let's say there's a diffio, which is infinitely renormalizable, then there exists a unique ergodic in variant measure. So that means that circle diffeomorphisms, infinitely renormalizable circle diffeomorphisms, as they are called uniquely ergodic. OK, so let's do the proof of that. Is the machine working? So let's do the proof. And probably by the exercise yesterday, you know the proof by now. So let's look at the end renormalization of F. And you know that there's a little map like that. That is something like that. It's an Ln and an Rn. It's like a little map. But it also comes with a partition and it comes with a tower. So this is like Ln. And let's say this is like Rn. And there are all the floors. And there are all the floors here. So this tower also represents the dynamical partition of the circle. And so this is just a cut-off version of the circle. But now you see that this interval here is Un. So we can represent this tower even more schematically by putting a dot here, which represents the basis of the building. And then this tower, we can represent as some loop in the directed graph. So this is like the left loop. And then for the same thing, we can take Rn and we can represent all these intervals. Also, by dots, on my loop. So here we have the directed graph we were discussing yesterday. So now let's look at the next renormalization. So you know how you do that. And you have to cut, say, somewhere here. And you have to, I know, it's better, it's better. So we start over with the whole thing. So let's make a picture of the next renormalization. So you know that it was like cutting and reorganizing. So you cut here and you have to take this part of the tower and you have to put it on top of this one. So what you get is you get something thinner here and you get something here with this other thing on top. So this is Ln plus 1 and this is Rn plus 1. And now this is again a tower, et cetera. And we can represent this again by the left tower. We can represent again by the left loop. And the right tower we can represent also by a loop. But now let's take, so this is the right loop. And now you see that this tower represents the next partition. But we know that partition is a refinement of the previous partition. And so there should be an inclusion map here. So let's figure out what it is. So we have to write down our winding matrix. So let's say this is left, right, left, right. So let's take the left loop here so that the left loop corresponds to this loop. Now what you see is the left loop starts out with the old left loop. So the left loop will go first around the left loop here. So it hits the left loop. And then, if you caught here, you have to go to this part. The this part corresponds to this part. So that corresponds to the right loop. So what this left loop does, so this one, what it does is it starts to go out through here. And then it goes around this one and you're back. And so the left loop uses once the left loop and it uses once the right loop. So now let's take the right loop so that is this one. So now the right loop is just a part of the old right loop. And so it just goes around here. So what you see is the right loop doesn't use the old left loop but it uses once the right loop. You see? So this was a year you see. This is the plus case.  So you can do the same thing if the critical, the cutting point was here and you would get, you would get the left renormalization thing. And the corresponding matrix would be 1, 0, 1, 1. Yeah. And so and now what we did is we looked at, so now we have a, let's say this loop comes Xn and this loop is the next one. Yeah? Oh, it's the same one. Yeah, thank you. Sorry, thanks. It's like this one. So now we see our loop and we have our Xsn, our partitions and we have the inclusion given by this winding matrix. And so we have our Xsn here and we have our inclusions and this converges the inverse limit of these things, which is X. Of course, you also see that from here, or from here, let's forget about it. So these are our things. This is just a representation of our partitions. And now we started to look, we started to look at the corresponding spaces of invariant measures on this scale. So what is the invariant measure possible in this one? Now you have to put some bait here and one here and one here and you can choose anything here, anything here, et cetera. So the possible invariant measures up to this scale are characterized by two numbers. This is m1 and this is m2. So this is our measure space. And on the next scale, we have our same measure space and then we understood yesterday that the inclusion from this partition in the next one induces a map between the measures, which is just the plus or minus matrix. And so we will get a sequence like that from R2 between R2 and plus or minus matrices. And this will convert to the inverse limit of all these measure spaces. And that is the space of invariant measures of our circle diffeomorphisms. So these are the invariant measures, our original map. And so now we see what happens. Like if you have your little cone here, that is going to be mapped maybe in this one. And now you see what happens is, and we have to understand what if you take the positive quadrant and you have to project it down, and you have to take the intersection. So yesterday we played this in the exercises. And you can see that these projections will actually intersect into a single line. And let's skip the details. We can discuss this in the exercises. And the fact that you get the intersection of the cones in a single line corresponds to say that the dimension of this, the dimension of M is 1. And it's going a bit fast. But yesterday in the exercises you saw with those. And that proves that our circle diffeomorphism has unique invariant measures. OK? And so we are done with this part. OK. So now let's go to the difficult part. So somehow what we are doing in this course is showing using a renormalization machine. And if you know enough about this renormalization machine, you can detect all parts of dynamics you want to understand. And we are sort of doing the fun part. We are doing the topology. We constructed math. We are doing the topology. We constructed measures. We will do today by vacation. But the hard part is renormalization. So now we have to go back to do the by vacation thing. We have to understand a bit better what this renormalization operator does. Yeah. Now you know, so renormalization is not very useful on a topological level if your map is not infinite renormalizable. And that means when it has rational rotation numbers. So in the boring case, rational rotation numbers, renormalization is not so useful. Also, if your maps are not smooth enough, know that it's always the same. That is purely topology. Yeah. So boring topology is an obstruction for renormalization to be useful. Another obstruction is, remember that we used C2 maps. So low smoothness is also an obstruction for renormalization to be useful. But you can also say low smoothness. Nature is not low smoothness. So, and so far I think that that's our sort of the main obstructions as far as we understand. Okay? Yeah. So topologically it's small. If you take a family of circle diffeomorphisms, there will be an open and dense set where the rotation, if you take a generic family of circle diffeomorphisms, there is an open and dense set where the rotation number is rational. So the complement is something like a counter type of set or like, so topologically it's not a lot, but all the interesting stuff is happening there. Okay, so do you have another question? So let's go to discuss the difficult part of renormalization. Don't get nervous. So we are going to speak about renormalization. And so renormalization is an operator on the space of systems. So that's a dynamical system. So we can ask ourselves whether renormalization as a dynamical system is hyperbolic or not. Whether it's simple or not. Hyperbolic systems are the simple ones. So that's the question. R is hyper. Let's first look at, in our circle case, it is easy of the rigid theorem to assess the following. Let A be the set of rotations. That is rho in the circle. So F rho is just so, okay. So a lemma says, and you can do this yourself, this is a thing, that renormalization takes the rigid rotations and maps it to the rigid rotations. And you can write down a formula. So this is like the rho. And I will make the graph of how renormalization acts on this circle. And it looks something like that. I think this one is like the new rho. R rho is like rho over 1 minus rho. That's in the minus case. And in the plus case, I think R of rho is 2 rho minus 1. So it's an explicit formula. How renormalization acts on the rigid rotations. And this is dynamics we understand very well. Okay. So now let's write down, I write a big star here. Because this is the generally difficult part of renormalization. And the theorem says that the following. Let F be a C3 circle, maybe F and G. These are infinite renormalizable. This A and of G is A and of F. And that means F is topologically equivalent to G. And they are conjugated. What we discussed here. So we look at two maps which have exactly the same topology. So then ren of F and ren of G, they convert to A. So if you start to renormalize some diffeomorphism. And you have little, you can make a little picture here. So you start to look at your renormalizations. You will have some bubbles here initially.  And that means it becomes the rigid rotation. And of course for our other map, you'll be the same. And so apparently the rigid rotations are the attractor, form the attractor of our renormalization operator. Which previous theorem? This is part of the convolutional A. Is it related to the theorem of that? This is part of, so these are the conditions. So if you take two maps, F and G, which have the same rotation number. It's a topologically equivalent. Okay, let me write it differently.  So take a circle diffeomorphism, which is infinitely renormalizable. Then the renormalizations become like little rotations. Okay? So that is the first part. And we will come back in how fast this convergence goes. And that's going to be important. So the second part of the theorem. Now take F and G, which are C3 circle diffeos. So the orbit of this accumulates at this. So it gets, it could accumulate at the whole of A. So these are functions. And we proved that they satisfy apiory bounds. So the limit set is some compact set. And that compact set is contained in this one. And remember the action on this thing is given by this map which has entropy 2. So there are many candidates for limit sets. And all of them are possible. Excuse me. If the rotation number is rational, the thing stops. So look at the set of rigid rotations. And so some of what is happening is, here we have our space of C3 diffeos. And then we have our renormalization acting there. And inside here there is a little curve. A circle. These are the rigid rotations. It's a circle. Let me make it a circle. And now if you take some map F here, which is infinitely renormalizable, and you start to renormalize, it will start to run around this thing. This picture. Now, so if you take a rotation that's labeled by the angle. So the set of rotations forms a circle, a set of functions. And so if you look in the space of all diffeomorphisms, then there will be this curve here. And this is the set by this formula. Oh, the dynamics of this one know that the derivative is one here. It's tangent here. Yeah. That's this thing. Yeah. It was an exercise. Yeah. If you look at the definition, it takes a minute. It's easy. Okay? Yeah. Absolutely. Yeah. That is the next statement. It's a rational map. This is the actual formula. It's just you have to take some ratio of intervals. And so if you take a map, if you have a rotation number row, and then it is row over one minus row on this side. And on the other side, it is like two aromas. It really doesn't matter. What is a bit nasty is that the derivative is one here. That's a little bit nasty. So this thing is not hyperbolic. It has this neutral fixed point. And that is, yeah, but we don't do that. Yeah, but we don't do that. We don't do that. No. No, we could do that. But then you have to do a long story. And for today, it's not necessary. It's not necessary. And also, if you do that, the difficulties are going to be hidden. So in this formulation, you will see the difficulties. And the difficulties have something to do with this. And if you do the fast one, you wouldn't see this. And so the beautiful picture is the one, is the Gauss map. But the more honest picture is this one. It reveals that put renormalization is more exposed. OK? So let's go back to how renormalization acts. So we know that if you take an infinite renormalizable guy and you start to renormalize, it will start to accumulate at our little loop of our attractor. So how do you see in that picture something is finite? So inside here, there is the set of all s, where rho is in the circle minus the rational angle. And so if the rotation number is irrational. So and then this set, are the infinite renormalize so on? The actual renormalization of the normal rotation. Yeah. So, but every one of this mapping. Yeah. So it was sloppy. Have you only defined things when you always have plus or minus? So if it is C is equal, you can still see what renormalization is. And then it extends. Let's skip over it. And as a matter of fact, if you do it right, so you know the statement is correct. If you take the irrational rotations in this set, then on that set renormalization is defined and it is defined by these formulas. But now if you take a guy, it will start to have a limit set. And that limit set is going to be compact. And there are infinite renormalizable guys whose limit set contains rational rotations.  So this is really the attractor. The statement is correct. And formally the thing is... You see? I'm sloppy here, you know. But allow me to be sloppy. Yeah, no, no. I don't want to scare you with the real picture. And it has something to do with the previous question about the measure of the infinite renormalizable guys. And so apparently if you take a family, the infinite renormalizable guy, they form a counter set. So that means that it looks much more... Let me not make the picture. But the fact that the guys have... If you take a family and you look at the guys which are infinite renormalizable, that is sort of the interior of a counter set. So it's a zero-dimensional set. And that indicates that the picture is more complicated. But let's not go there. Exactly, exactly. Okay? Yeah, absolutely. Okay? Okay, so that is about... So let me... So the statement is correct. If you start to renormalize, you will convert to this set. So the second part of the statement is, if you take two maps, which are C3-circle diffeomorphisms, and they have the same rotation number. That means the rotation number of f is the same as the rotation number of g, and it is part of the irrational numbers. Then the renormalizations of f and the renormalizations of g go to zero. And again, that is in C1 topology. So somebody had a question about shadowing. If you take your map and you look which rotation number it has, you can look at the map here, which has that rotation number. And now, if you start to take the regular rotation with row and f, then they will come together. So for each map, f, there exists.  And so rigid rotations are the ones which are shadowing. So then there is a third part, and that is a little technical, not only a little. And so we see that if you start to renormalize, you start to go to a rigid rotation, so the branches will become fine. So let's make a technical statement, the third one. If you take the n-trenormalization and you look at the tower, l, n, and r, n, and you look at, say, a certain level here, fi of r, n, and then you can look at the i-thread. So then what happens is that this map, this takes the r, n to its image, is also going to be f-fine. So this map converges uniformly, that means in n and i, to an f-fine map. So not only the return maps are becoming f-fine, but also the tower becomes f-fine. So it is like perfect. So let's use this. So these three ingredients to prove it is the difficult part of renormalization. In this case, we can do this. There are relatively simple tools which allow you to prove that. And for people who are a bit familiar, you can use non-inliarity, which you have seen, and something like Swartz in the relative. Very classical tools, and in the circle case, you can prove that. It evolves, but not very difficult. Doable. In other cases, which we will see later, this is going to be one of the most, I would say, one of the most sophisticated theories in dynamics. There's a star. And so in this course, we are not going to discuss the star. We are only going to discuss the fun of it once you have a good understanding of renormalization. And the main point of this course is that you can get everything out of renormalization in the context we know. So let's do an example. Let's keep this picture. And you know it is like this. If you take your map, it has a rotation number, and that rotation number is sitting somewhere here. And this point will have a limit set under this map. And that limit set is the limit set of your map. And that can be anything. It can be a periodic orbit. It could be a fixed point. It could be the whole thing. That was nice. Okay, so here we have our map, our renormalization on the attractor. And now let's do an example. And let's take a map F for which all A's are one. For all M. The Fiber-Nazi case. Because in that case, the rotation number is one over one, one over one, et cetera, which is like square root of five minus one over two. So that is our little row. And in this case, if you take F row, this is this rotation one, which is the rigid rotation, the rotation, and then if you renormalize twice, you get the same map. And so this Fiber-Nazi rotation corresponds to something like this. It's like the period two point. Difficulties to draw. And so F row is periodic period two point renormalization. And of course, you see, this thing is sitting somewhere here and sitting somewhere here. So you see that the derivative along the attractor is larger than one. C2 plus alpha is okay. Let's take this. Absolutely, absolutely, absolutely, absolutely. Perfect. And we will use that a little later. And so we are looking at our simple example where we have always plus, minus, plus, minus, plus, minus renormalization. And we get the golden rotation number. And that is a period two point of renormalization. And of course, we see that if you take the derivative in this point and say along the attractor, that is larger than one. And so you see it in the picture. The slope here is larger than one. So in the attractor, it is an expanding periodic point. And so it is an expanding period two point of renormalization. So that starts to look hyperbolic. So let me make a picture of how renormalization acts in the neighborhood of this thing. Not even a neighborhood. So let's say here we have our space of C3 diffused and somewhere here we have our little map F-row and somewhere here we have the renormalization of our little map. And now you see that this map is contained in the attractor. So it's contained in this circle. So there's a curve here. And that curve, according to this expansion thing, is the unstable manifold of this thing. So we detected the unstable manifold of renormalization in this point. And for similar, this same curve will go around and there will be the unstable manifold of the renormalization of this thing. So now we have the thing that if you take any map, it will start to convert. If you take any map with the same rotation number, it will start to convert to those two ways. So what you will see is there is also a stable manifold and there will be a stable manifold here. And this is the dynamics. So renormalization has a one-dimensional unstable direction and a co-dimension one stable direction. And in here, so under these combinatorics, this will actually be exponential convergence. So it is really a definite contracting manifold. So this is an hyperbolic picture. That is part of the star. And we could do it if we have one or two days. We could prove this whole picture, a lot of it, but we don't do that. We want you to have the fun of it. So this is the dynamical picture of renormalization and now the fun thing comes. And that is the main point, the main advantage of renormalization. So if you look, maybe I should draw this very big because this is really important. This is really important. So let's take the set of all f in the C3 diffeomorphisms where all the an's of f are one. Or in other words, the rotation number of f is squared to five minus one over two. Let's look at all these maps which you can renormalize in exactly the same way. So have you learned that if you have two maps in that class, they are topologically the same. We constructed the conjugation. So we know that this is a topological class. Topological classes are all the matrices that are topologically equivalent. And so before we proved that that matrix, the same rotation number, are topologically equivalent. So this is exactly a topological class. And now the main point is, I should give it a bit more space because this is important. So this could be a bit smaller. Let's look at the topological class. And now what you see is that the topological class is that. It's the stable manifold of f row. So this is the key point which is a codemain in one, manifold. This is the key thing. This is one of the most important consequences of renormalization. So if you look just at this set, don't even try to think about it just in general. It is a very complicated thing if you don't know anything to deal with it. But apparently we identify it with a stable manifold of an operator, of a hyperbolic one, and there we know that these are many faults. So from this whole renormalization thing, we are done with bifurcation theory. We know that the topological classes are many faults. So done. And in particular, remember in the first day we did this exercise that if you have a circle diffeomorphism, you can push a little bit and then the orbit becomes periodic. So you can change the topology by pushing up a little bit. And then we use the trick where you can just rotate a bit more. But that is a very special trick which only works for rotations. But if you have this picture and you know that the topological class is a codemence of one manifold, and of course it is obvious how you can change the topology, you just push out of the manifold. That's it. That was our difficulties. But if you have this general picture, you can always prove this. So for people who have heard about the C1 closing lemma, and for people who know how difficult it is to prove the C2 closing lemma, you see that this is the way to prove higher smoothness closing lemmas. And so this is a very important consequence. The logical classes have manifold structures and this dynamical meaning. They come from hyperbolic theory. So we are done with the bifurcation picture, we are done with the topology, measure theory we did. So let's go to geometry. Let's do it Monday. The same will be true if you take any bounded sequence. It's still perfect. If it goes up, I don't know what happens. If you have some non-dyed, if you have tyrophantine numbers, it will still be okay. If they become very bad, if you take any, yeah. Okay? So let's discuss Monday like the geometric part.


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I'm Steve Nunn, president and CEO of the Open Group. Welcome to Toolkit Tuesday, where we highlight the various components and leading experts of the Architects Toolkit, a collated portfolio of the most pertinent technology standards for enterprise architects. During the series, I'll be calling on a number of recognized experts who will bring their particular insights on how to most effectively use the various tools in the Architects Toolkit. We'll have a mix of interviews, panel sessions and pre-recorded presentations along the way. While all standards of the Open Group are designed so they can be adopted independently of one another, the greatest value for an organization can be derived when they're used in unison, that some of the parts should be greater than the whole. In the Architects Toolkit, we have collated a portfolio of the most pertinent ones for architects together, all in one place. For most of these tools, certification from the Open Group is also available, so practitioners can demonstrate that they have the skills required and recruiters can take the guesswork out of the recruitment process, all backed up by our Open Badges program. Hello everyone, delighted that you can join us today. Thank you for taking time out of your day. We have a great topic today, the Togaf Standard 10th Edition and the Togaf Certification Corkfolio. So this is kind of munging two topics together really, both things that we get asked a lot about and we've had a Toolkit Tuesday on this before, but because of the level of interest and the questions we get, we're going to run it again and probably again at some point in the future. But before we get into that, as I say, thank you for taking time out wherever you are. Just a housekeeping point, my usual one for those who've become regulars here. The way we ask questions on Toolkit Tuesday is through the Q&A channel. So if you can't see that on your screen, then click on the three dots in the bottom right hand corner of your screen and you'll see the option to click on Q&A. So please use that for the questions, but please do use the chat channel for, well, it's already working and serves good purpose about the sound today. But do feel free to say hi to the other attendees today and we are hearing where you're from in the world.  People that are usually in dry sunny areas like me are in wet areas. So it's always great to hear where people are joining from. And to those of you who are watching this after the event in the comfort of your own home, then thank you for taking the time to do that too. So as I say, today's topic, the Togaf Standard 10th Edition and the Togaf Certification Portfolio. And to introduce us, talk us through this succinctly as you can, but it's a big topic. Is my colleague delighted to welcome back Andrew Josie. Andrew is our VP of Standards and Certification, the open group overseeing all the certification and testing programs that we have. He also manages the standards process for the open group, which is a key part of everything we do, to be honest. So since joining the company in 1996, Andrew has been closely involved with all of that standards, development, certification and testing and is largely responsible with some obviously with some great work from the membership and other colleagues in the open group for putting together the Togaf Certification Portfolio. So warm welcome back to Talk It Tuesday for Andrew Josie. Welcome Andrew. Thank you, Steve. Thanks. Let's get my screen sharing going here. Okay. So thank you. Good afternoon. Good morning, wherever you are for joining us today. I'm Andrew Josie. As Steve mentioned, I want to work for the open group and our standards and our certification business. We're going to be talking about the standard, the new standard, the Togaf Standard 10th Edition, and also the Togaf Certification Portfolio. So this talk has sort of two main themes. We're actually going to split it into three. So these are three takeaways I want to leave you with today. That's for an overview of the standard itself. Then we'll look at the certification portfolio and we'll look at the paths within the certification portfolio depending on where you're coming from, whether you're studying the Togaf Version 9.2 or the new 10th Edition, and then we'll look at the new learning paths that have been specifically added for the 10th Edition. So let's start off by taking a very brief look at the Togaf Standard 10th Edition. We've got limited time that we can cover in Toolkit Tuesday. So I've had to keep this fairly short. So I'm going to just sort of draw on a few of the key features. First of all, what we heard when we introduced the 10th Edition, what we needed before we introduced that, we have a lot of feedback on the previous versions that practitioners wanted more guidance, better guidance, and topical guidance. So that's one thing you will see. A key change is the updated modular structure, which is designed to facilitate extension, until we actually support us delivering further extended content in the future. So there's a lot of focus now on guidance, and I'll hopefully show that in the next couple of slides. Firstly, let's look at the modular structure and see where the standard actually fits. If you go to the Open Group site and you run along the top of the homepage, you will see on the right there is a link to what we call the Open Group Library. And if you go in there, you will see basically those top five boxes on the front page of the Open Group Library. And you can hop into the first of those, which is actually what we call the Togaf Library. And that contains all of our enterprise architecture related content. And within that resides the standard itself. There are a number of other things that we include in the library around the standard. So there's white papers, various guides, reference cards, et cetera. But at the heart of the library is the Togaf standard. Now the Togaf standard has evolved from being a single document, you know, with the version 9.2 standard, it was a single document into a set of documents. And there are actually two categories that we basically you can put those documents into. The first one on the left there you see is what we call the Togaf fundamental content. This is intended to be stable and enduring. And it basically corresponds to what was the version 9.2 standard. But it's been evolved and it's also been modularized. And I'll come back and show you a little bit about that. And also we've added some more what we intend to be dynamic content in the form of Togaf series guides. So what we're seeing there, the fundamental content is pretty much the what and the Togaf series guides are intended as the how tos. There's a lot of new guidance that we've added. If we look at this in a slightly different form here, here we sort of break each document down into a little circle to emphasize the modular structure. We have on the left here the six Togaf fundamental contents, documents and then we introduce there are 20 Togaf series guides at the moment. Now we expect this set to grow over time. So today you can see we have a total of 26 documents in the 10th edition. But I know there's going to be a few more documents added quite soon because the architecture forum, the open groups architecture forum that develops and maintains the Togaf standard is actually working on additional content, additional Togaf series guides. And the idea is that we will grow this set so it will be further extended. Now we package this set in a number of different ways. So you can go to the open group web and you can get the standard available in multiple formats. So we have an online digital edition, which has a graphical front end, which is sort of the bottom left there. And if you click into that, you can also get into the textual form of the online digital edition. We also have PDF downloads, which I don't show here. We also have hard copy that you can order from your sort of main book sellers. Now continuity has been a key driver. So what we've tried to do with the 10th edition is continue the character, the core character of the standard and retain that in the fundamental content. So if you look at the fundamental content, you will see things that you recognize. So if you're familiar with the Togaf standard, you will see the architecture development, you will see the ADM cycle. You will see things such as catalogs, diagrams, matrices. You'll see these models about the enterprise segment and capability partitioning and so on. That's all been retained in the fundamental content. What we have done, as I mentioned, with the fundamental content, so what was the version 9.2 standard is to revise and reorganize that. So we've actually split that out into a set of related documents. Again, that's to support future evolution. Should we decide that we do need to change them? It's more flexible to actually adjust individual parts. You can see the fundamental content sits within the Togaf library and is supported by the Togaf series guides. The Togaf series guides, as I mentioned, they provide the how-to. So they cover a range of topics and that goes from general how-to guidance, guidance on establishing an architecture team through to reference architectures and so on. I'm going to give you a quick overview of the type of documents in the next two slides. So as I mentioned, we have general how-to. So there are some guidance for practitioners. There's guidance for using the Togaf standard in a digital enterprise. We have domain specifics. We're particularly strong on business architecture. So there's about six different business architecture series guides out there. So a lot of extended guidance, data and information architecture. There's agile methods using the Togaf ADM with agility and so on. And we also have reference models. And there's a particular Togaf series guide just dedicated to how you establish and evolve NEA team. So you can go to these. If you went to the online digital edition, you can actually see all of these guide standards, sort of left-hand navigation bar of the standard. And you can hop into those. Now, how do you get started with all this? Well, the good news is we have a white paper. And this is a great resource if you're just coming, even if you're coming at the standard for the first time, this explains a lot of the motivation for how we've actually structured the standard. Also, if you're coming at it, you're very familiar with it. This will actually give you release notes about the changes and things. And actually includes a section on how to get started using the standard, coming from a couple of different viewpoints. So it's a very good resource if you want to get a start and don't want to dive into the, I think it's about 1,500 pages is the current total set of the 26 documents, but wanted to pick up like a short 10 pager. This will be a good start. As I mentioned, we have an online digital edition. This is intended to make it easier to navigate the expanded content. Obviously, for 26 documents, you need to have some assistance with navigation. So we produce both a graphical entry point. And then if you click through that, you can go down into a textual edition of the standard as search capabilities. As I mentioned down the left navigation bar, there's navigation points into the individual documents. One thing we've included in the digital edition is the ability to give feedback. So we have on every page, there's a little sort of bug comment symbol and you can click on that and that pops up a form that basically you can input some feedback on that page. And that will go back to the standard developers and goes back into their bug tracker. So that's been very successful. I think we're up to 40, 50 sort of bits of feedback we've had from the public. So that was something new we wanted to do was to make it easier to take feedback on the standard. So that was a brief look at the standard. What I wanted to do now is to talk about the Kogaf certification portfolio. So this is the training, the learning, the education, the actual learning paths that we've sort of built around the standard. So if you want to become an enterprise architect, become a business architect, take on certain specialties, this is the education sort of path that we put together. So let's take a look at the portfolio. So what does it cover now? One thing you should know is the portfolio covers both the Togaf standard version 9.2 and the Togaf standard 10th edition. We often get asked how long are you going to support Togaf 9 certification? And the answer to that is we will continue to support that going forward. There's a lot of market demand for certifications against Togaf 9 certification. And we will continue to support that. We've introduced obviously certifications for the Togaf standard 10th edition and also some new learning paths. So if you are Togaf 9 certified, there are some forward paths. Now, given the broad range of material in the Togaf standard 10th edition, it sort of didn't really make sense to try and make a single certification. So another question we often get is, well, why is there no Togaf 10 foundation and Togaf 10 certified like you have for Togaf 9? Well, that's really because there's a broad set of material now. And what we wanted to do was actually to divine multiple bodies of knowledge and multiple learning paths that related to specific skill sets and competences drawn from the standard. So what we have done is to identify a number of what we call bodies of knowledge. So that's sort of groups of information related sets of skill sets and competences from the standard for specific topics. So if you look at this diagram going along the bottom from left to right, you see we've defined a body of knowledge for BA, for business architecture, for EA, enterprise architecture. We've defined a couple of specialist bodies of knowledge. Now, these relate to specific new topics that we've introduced in the 10th edition. So we have an agile specialist and we have a digital specialist. We've also defined a body of knowledge for EA leaders. And the idea is with the one on the right, you know, there could be future bodies of knowledge defined and future learning paths. So what we've got is one standard has led to multiple bodies of knowledge and that's leading to multiple certifications. And I'll go through those in a minute. So this is another picture of the sort of high level view outlining the elements of the portfolio. So in here, you can see both the certifications based on Togaf 9, which are in white and the new ones that are based on the 10th edition. We also have some other boxes, which are in gray and italic. They are for what we call Togaf certification credentials. And I'll explain a little bit more about that, but it's basically the size of the chunk of learning. We have sort of modularized some things down. It's a smaller chunks of learning, which can be taken in a shorter time versus a full sort of multi-day certification. So we'll just talk through the learning paths. So if you're familiar with the current Togaf 9 certification program, you know, you will study the version 9.2 standard. There are sort of, as you come down, there are two options. You can go for foundation, just taking the part one, or you can do what we call a combined exam that takes you to Togaf 9 certified. So you could take that all in one chunk or you do it stepwise. Okay, so that's the current program that we have the Togaf version 9.2. And what we've introduced now for the 10th edition, as I mentioned, we're coming at it slightly differently based on skill sets and competencies coming down from the 10th edition. We have two main paths. That's one for the enterprise architect and one for the business architect. Again, for the enterprise architect, very similar to Togaf 9, you can do it either stepwise. Take the part one exam followed by the part two to get what we call the enterprise architecture practitioner. Focus now on being a practitioner, the person who actually goes out there and develops and sustains the EA. Well, and you could also do that as a combined exam. So if you'd say, well, I'm not gonna do it stepwise, I just wanna take both parts on a single day, you can do that. And then the other thing, if you look back on the bottom line there, you can see there is a path from being Togaf 9 certified across to being the new Togaf enterprise architecture practitioner. And that's by what we call the bridge, the bridge exam, so there is a bridging path. On the right, we have business architecture. At this time, there was just a foundation level of business architecture. So we haven't gone beyond foundation yet. Obviously that could change if the material is developed and added to the Togaf standard 10th edition to allow us to support that. I mentioned also there were some specialisms. So also there are paths that can lead to now, this is what I meant by the smaller chunks of learning. We actually call these certification credentials. If you look at the bottom there, these are actually different shape badges. So these tend to be three hours upwards. I would estimate there's about, I think there's about nine units. So you can typically do these easily in a day. We have introduced agile specialist, digital specialist and the enterprise architecture leader. Now there is a prerequisite, but the prerequisite is what we call Togaf foundation and up. Now that can be Togaf 9 foundation or it can be the new Togaf EA foundation. So the idea is we've introduced learning paths for individuals who've also spent their time, currently being Togaf 9 certified. So they can choose to take on these new learning paths from there. So let's look briefly at the certifications and certification credentials. It's a very quick look at this. Obviously I do cover this in more depth in other sessions, but today we're trying to keep it fairly short. These are the three certifications. So by certification I mean sort of, it's a multi-day amount of study. You're talking sort of two days for foundation and then maybe three days for the next level. So it's not hours, it's more days rather than hours. This is the body of knowledge for the Togaf enterprise architect learning path. As I mentioned, there are 26 documents. Obviously we don't have to learn all the content of 26. It actually drawn from a set of about 12. The scissors actually indicate that we take sections of the document. It doesn't mean you have to know all 12. There are, as I mentioned, there are two ways to approach the year practitioner. Either if you're coming from Togaf 9, you've got the bridging path, which is on the top there. Or if you're coming new, you can do it stepwise if you wish or go straight to the year practitioner level. We also have an additional badge for this. This relates to the practitioner element and some actually practical exercises that are built within accredited training courses. Now I'll mention that very briefly a little bit later. Enterprise Architecture Foundation, just to cover what this is. Obviously this is about, as the diagram shows, it's covering basic concepts, foundations, sort of concepts, getting the common language. Obviously going up in the level to the practitioner, you're taking on the ability to analyze and apply the Togaf standard. But as I mentioned, that's targeted at people who will be developing, sustaining, and using any, the actual enterprise architects themselves. As I mentioned, there's a bridge. So if you're coming from Togaf 9 certified and you wish to update your qualifications, there is a path to do that. We've tried to recognize your existing sort of investment in your certification. So it's a slightly different syllabus. It recognizes some of the investment you've made. The exam is a bit smaller. It's like a one hour exam compared to if you're starting a fresh, you have to take a 60 minute exam followed by a 90 minute exam. So we do try to recognize the investment that individuals have made in their Togaf 9 certification. As I mentioned, there's an applied practitioner badge. So if you attend an accredited training course and you complete a set of practical learning studies, what we call, these are actually sort of exercises, not an exam, it's not a test. It's more just like a set of exercises where you can sort of apply the standard in different ways and you can look at how it's been applied. It's based on some of the Togaf series guides specifically and you can earn the badge that way. Business architecture, now this is the body of knowledge. It's, as I mentioned, it's a different subset. As I mentioned, there were quite a few business architecture Togaf series guides available now and those are in the body of knowledge for business architecture. There are a couple of paths to business architecture. You can go afresh or though we do have an existing certification credential and we will be providing a migration path for individuals who've already got that credential.  I think it's about four additional modules over what they've done previously to get to the new foundation. Again, like the EA Foundation, this is really about fundamental concepts, getting the basic understanding, getting the language. One good thing about our business architecture course is we have a lot of good techniques that you can come away with after doing the studying. As I mentioned, we have a very rich set of Togaf series guides on business architecture. So it's particularly useful if you want to come away from a course and then have five or six different techniques you can apply to develop a business architecture. Mentioning very briefly here, we have digital specialist, a certification credential. This focuses in on a couple of new Togaf series guides in the 10th edition that focus on digital. So you can, this is about applying the Togaf standard to support a digital enterprise. Obviously I'm going through these very quickly here at the end. And we also have an agile specialist one. Again, there are a couple of new Togaf series guides that focus specifically on agile agility, applying the EA with agility, ADM as with agile sprints and so on again. So there's a particular certification credential, a particular learning path you can take there. And then the final certification credential we've introduced, just about to introduce, in fact, we've been working on the beta on this and this is coming out very soon now is what we call the enterprise architecture leader. So that's based again on a specific Togaf series guide. So anyway, I've given you the very whistle stop tour here today of what we've got with the standard and the certification portfolio to support it and then also the new learning paths. Okay, so back to Steve and then we'll be able to take some questions. Yes, absolutely. Thank you very much. It's a lot of content to get through in a short period of time and I know you've given much longer explanations and talks about this and we're always happy to get the word out. But let's, in the interest of time, let's move straight forward. I'm going to combine a couple of questions into one. People at different stages of their learning. One is, well, basically, will my Togaf 9 certification expire? And the second part of that question is, I've been training for Togaf 9 certification. What do I do now? Well, firstly, Togaf 9 certification doesn't expire. So that's the good news on that. There's no sort of expiry date. It always, our certifications basically apply to the body of knowledge.  You train and you've got certified in Togaf 9. So you still know about it. It's not that you don't know about it in two years time. You still know about it. And if you're, so if you're currently doing Togaf 9 training, obviously you can continue. You can continue and you can continue down the paths for Togaf 9 certification. And if you wish to then update, you could go to the bridge. Or obviously you could then, or you could look over and take a look at the new syllabus from maybe the enterprise architecture track and see whether or not that's, that's suitable. We've just published a new study guide for free a foundation. We'll probably have another study guide for practitioner, but that will probably be about another six months away, I should think at the moment. Right. And on that point, question just come in. I'm 9.2 certified. What's the cost of the bridge exam? Retail cost is $375. Obviously if you're doing it with, you know, obviously if you attend a training course, then that's accredited and then the voucher, the exam is actually included with the accredited training. Right. Obviously we don't, we don't set the prices for training courses. That's down with trainers. So the question about the standard itself is, well, it's really around naming, I guess. Why is there no Togaf 10 foundation or Togaf 10 practitioner? Okay. Well, this goes back to the, as I mentioned, the standard is very broad now. And so if we were going to do a foundation across all 26, as it is at the moment, it would be a very shallow foundation. So what instead we've done is to basically identify competency sort of base topics or skill sets related to skill sets. So what we've done is to look at which parts of the, of those 26 volumes would be most applicable to for being an enterprise architect, which is that we came up with a set of 12 and we sort of sliced that into a syllabus. And similarly we did that for a business architect. We've done that for an agile specialist. So basically we've gone around the 26, sort of identifying, you know, particularly what we call bodies of knowledge. So from within there, if we just did Togaf 10 foundation, as I mentioned, we could go very broad, but very shallow. Okay. And that takes me to another question that's come in from a training perspective actually, which is, it's a couple of things combined, but essentially it's around the Togaf series guides and their relevance to the exam. And ultimately the question is, will the new Togaf series guides be automatically relevant for the exam? Well, again, we have this sort of middle layer or something between the standard and the certification, which we call the body of knowledge. And so that actually is a document. You can think of it as a syllabus really. So it is what we call formally a set of conformance requirements. So that actually identifies specific documents, specific versions of the document and specific sections of the document related to the learning outcomes. So we will say, so for example, a new Togaf series guides get added that will not impact that existing syllabus. Now we may revise the syllabus later to include things from a new Togaf series guide if we thought it was particularly relevant or we wanted to, or we might define a new body of knowledge.  So the idea is we should be able to develop and evolve the standard and also retain what we have in the certification program. So we tried to sort of break the tight coupling in a way. In a way it was almost holding each other back sometimes because people would say, oh well, we can't change the standard because we've got the certification and vice versa. So what we tried to do is to allow the standard to continue to grow, evolve and change that we have a way just to make sure that what we've defined in our body of knowledge is obviously easily identifiable. And we will make sure that those versions of a document that are referenced in a body of knowledge is still available. It's not suddenly they will be deprecated and disappear. They will be there because obviously being referenced in the certification means we need to keep that version of the document available. And two quick questions to wrap up. We're getting close to time. One is can we study what is there self-study available for the business architecture? Yes, there's self-study available for the business architecture. In fact, we've just published a new study guide. I think it was a couple of weeks ago. So there's what we call an EA foundation study guide that's just been published and also a BA foundation study guide that's been available. There's also what we call online self-study that's been available since October. So you can go to the open group shop and you can look at all these things and you can see there that we've got a couple of options. So we do have online self-study for everything right now. So obviously you can also get accredited training from our accredited training course providers. And I think there's about 15 or more now who are starting to offer courses based on the new certifications for the Togov Standard 10th edition. So one of the questions there was, is there on self-study for Bridge? Yes, there is. Right, great. Thank you. You covered that one. So the last question, it's really someone checking their understanding, I guess. Are there presently four bodies of knowledge? I've got to count them up. Yeah, I'm thinking through that. Yeah, well, there are in fact at the moment if you went to our online, the library and you looked at Togov certification you will see we have a couple of documents. There are basically, there's a single document that we call the Togov certification conformance requirements, I think it's version four. And that's called multi-level. It's called multi-something. And that contains BA as well as EA, but it doesn't contain the Bridge. The Bridge sits in a separate document, partly because at some point we may wish to deprecate the Bridge. And so there's sort of two documents there. So they cover EA, BA and the Bridge. Then there's another document that covers Agile specialists, another one that covers digital specialists and another one that covers EA leader. So I think that was, was it five at the moment? Yeah. Right, okay, okay. And once just come in the last one, I'll take it. Is it required to take a class for the Bridge? No, you can self-study for the Bridge. What we would like to do is to produce some further study guides, but those all take time and... Yeah, so currently we've just got the foundation study guys, but we do have online self-studies. You can basically go online and obviously they're not books, it's more, you know, it's in a mood, what we call the Moodles and LMS. And you basically can look through some slides with commentary and study that way. Obviously, you can also download the conformance requirements. And if you wish, you can look at the syllabus that way. The, all the conformance requirements that we call the make-up-the-body analogy are all freely available in the Togoff Library, which is in but in the Open Group Library, so. Excellent, Andrew, we'll leave it there. As I said, you're always happy to get the word out along with the rest of us. So it's a topic that there's a lot of interest for, so which is great for everybody. So meanwhile, thank you for today's sharing. And we will hear from you again at some point in the future, I'm sure. Thanks, Steve. Thanks, Andrew. So that's it for today's topic on Talk It Tuesday. We will be back next week. We are running these weekly at the moment, a lot of topics to get through and we're building up towards the Group Summit in London. In-person meeting in London, where we're getting together lots of our forums and work groups promises to be a great event, April 17th through the 20th in London. If you're interested and can get there, we'd love to see you there. So next week's topic is actually going into our, the world of federal avionics and our face consortium activity. And which is really, some of you may have heard me say, it's really where a lot of the activities in industry-specific activities started was with the face consortium. And the title is Solving Common Problems through Open Software Standards. And presenting that will be my colleague Alicia Taylor, who is the face consortium program director. So please join us next week. Even if you're not in the avionics space, there are a lot of good learnings there, as I say, that apply to many, many industries. So please join us next week if you're available to. Sorry about the glitch in sound at the beginning. And hopefully we'll get some sound at the end. But if not, never mind, you'll have to imagine the tune. We'll see you next week. Thank you for watching Toolkit Tuesday.