This research has developed a new type of material called asymmetric bilayer cellulose fabric, ABMTF. It can be used to reduce indoor humidity and temperature, generate electricity, and provide cooling. The fabric consists of two layers, one made from cellulose and the other from cellulose acetate. The cellulose layer absorbs moisture and releases it through evaporation, while the cellulose acetate layer reflects light and emits heat. Under direct sunlight, the fabric can reduce indoor humidity by up to 60 percent, and generate electricity by up to 1.13 microwatts per square centimeter. Additionally, when facing away from the sun, the fabric can provide cooling of up to 12 degrees celsius. This technology could revolutionize the way we manage indoor environments, providing a more efficient and cost-effective solution than traditional air conditioning systems. This article was authored by Kai Zhang, Xiaowan Lei, Kai Qingyimou, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


It's my pleasure now to conduct a conversation with one of New America's fellows, Shane Harris, who is author of the book At War, The Rise of the Military Internet Complex. So Shane, welcome. Thank you. Thanks for having me. I strongly recommend the book. I wanted to start, let's start with some specifics. Let's start with Iraq. And I wanted to ask you, how did the military's experience in Iraq, or maybe the military and the industry's experience in Iraq shape the way the military looks at the whole cyber field? So it was really formative. I talk about this in the book in the beginning, it's really sort of the first section of the book. In 2007, everyone is familiar with the troop surge that President Bush ordered up in Iraq where we sent tens of thousands of more ground forces. But parallel to that was a massive intelligence gathering effort, a cyber effort really, that I think many people I interviewed for the book believe was actually the linchpin that helped turn the tide of the surge. And what you saw there was the full sort of capabilities of the U.S. intelligence community, mainly through the NSA, being brought to bear to collect all electronic communications inside the nation of Iraq to effectively sit on its network, gather up cell phones, emails, text messages for the purpose of locating physically insurgents and understanding how the insurgents and bomb making networks were comprised. That information was processed, collected, and practically real time. It was an unprecedented intelligence gathering effort on the field of battle and was handed off to the troops on the ground. So you created this cycle of sort of gathering information in the cyberspace and handing information off to people in the real world space. And it was a lethally efficient and effective mechanism that really, I think, showed the military going forward how you could pair up the capabilities of kinetic military activity with cyber activity to really great effect. So was this just a difference in degree from – I mean, we've always done that. We've collected intelligence and somebody says, here's where the enemy is. And that gets back to the folks who are actually in charge of the kinetic operations. So you're translating information into action into battle deaths. Is this just more of the same, or is there something about the ability to do it at this scale that makes it a difference in kind, not a difference in degree? That's right. I mean, to some extent it is an extension of that kind of battlefield intelligence. What we're really talking about here is, in fact, the scale. The system that was built was something called the Real Time Regional Gateway, which NSA ran, which is – we were really talking about a piece of infrastructure here that was capable of ingesting this information and ensuring processing in Real Time. There were other things that NSA was able to do that look a lot like information operations that have been conducted in warfare before. So sending fake text or sending real text messages to insurgents posing as people they knew and trying to lure them into traps where they could be captured or killed. So kind of techniques and ideas that had been used on a much smaller scale, but when you ramp it up that way and then you integrate and you put literally the people who are mining and analyzing the data in the same centers in the same rooms as the ground forces and the special operations people who are going out and conducting these raids and these attacks and bringing back more information, it is the seamlessness of that cycle that really became formative for how the intelligence community is going to fight – help fight wars. So would it be fair to say that if you combine the scale and the speed, then information itself becomes the weapon? I think that's right and that is the powerful lesson for them in Iraq was that if you could provide that information in close to Real Time, it couldn't in fact be sort of like a weapon in that way. David Petraeus has actually said publicly in documents that he credited this cycle with removing 4,000 insurgents from the battlefield. That's a pretty remarkable capability to be developed for really what was the first time there in Iraq. So I'm sure I know the answer to this question, but I have to ask you, did anyone ever raise a question about the rights of regular, ordinary civilian Iraqis? Not in my reporting, no. I mean, and this is really – I mean, you're talking about sort of an occupation force here at this time. If you remember, too, that the infrastructure in that country that grew up, largely the cell phone infrastructure, sort of developed in an occupation setting, the first contracts that the U.S. government allowed to be let in Iraq were for cell phone coverage. And it was really the cell phone networks that became sort of a very fertile mine for that. But no, in all of my reporting on this, the subject of privacy of innocent Iraqis was just – it was not raised. So – and this, of course, this is where the difference in degree or in scale makes such a difference, because traditionally, yes, you're in a conflict area, you have normal military intelligence, but they're not capable of monitoring the communications of everyone. And it's more like a warrants situation. They're going after specific people. There's reason to be suspicious of those people. You're under war rules, not peacetime rules. But here, of course, the distinction between war and peace is blurred. Something we'll be talking about in the next two days in the future of war conference. And you have the ability to gather everyone. So let me put this forward. So that was Iraq. That's – it's over a decade ago. You don't have the cell phone penetration you have today. And you don't have all the other things we do on mobile. Now imagine something like Ukraine, where you have a tremendous cell phone penetration. You have – to go back to the last question – US corporations presumably selling products to Ukrainian citizens. And suddenly – and you have a conflict situation where suddenly mass data mining is infringing the rights of those citizens and is affecting the way they see US industry. Is the military now thinking about it that way? Well, I think that they're going to think about it in the context of what is the operational requirement, right? So right now, you know, we don't have a heavy military intervention, obviously, in Ukraine. Might we – if we decided to start providing non-lethal aid to Ukrainians, say, we're going to outfit you with better encryption or ways of trying to circumvent state surveillance because we know, in fact, that there has been a very heavy Russian penetration of the Ukrainian networks. We've seen them manipulating websites and trying to spread disinformation. There, too – I mean, Russia has had early experience in the Georgian conflict with offensive cyber-actions. So I think probably if the military is – what they're looking at here is how is this being brought to bear by the Russians as a capability? And if we were to provide some kind of assistance to the Ukrainians, how would we start countering that? So yeah, so thinking about operational requirements, I can – I mean, I can well imagine that if you were sitting in the White House and you were trying to figure out what kind of assistance can we offer the whole debate about lethal and non-lethal – whether we should be arming Ukrainians at all, this is exactly where you might say, well, we can do this, but – And could we help defend their networks better?  I mean, I'd love to hear where the lawyer says to that, but sure, perhaps why not? Why couldn't we bring some of our own surveillance capability to bear to help the Ukrainians understand how the Russians were compromising their systems? And to be clear, that may have already happened. But this is certainly a place where in this new domain and treating cyberspace as a battlefield, which is how the military sees it, where you could imagine that resource being tapped. Can you imagine the U.S. offering that kind of assistance? Let's move it from defensive to active. So now we're offering assistance that allows Ukrainian rebels to do what you just described – not rebels, the Ukrainian government to do what you just described in Iraq. So the Ukrainian government is getting real-time information about who's in the field, and that's being transmitted to targeters. At what point could Russia say that's an active war? The United States just committed an active war against us. So here we start walking down the spectrum, right, towards, you know, we're in the sort of the realm of intelligence-gathering activities and espionage. And the closer that you get to trying to cause some real-world outcome, the more you're drifting towards what the military today would probably classify as cyber war. So if we're equipping the Ukrainians with spying technology, with surveillance technology, that may be one line that's not too far to cross. If you're equipping them with computer exploits that allow them to go back and try and cause disruption on systems in Moscow, or knockout communication systems, yeah, I would imagine then the Russians would say you're essentially crossing a line here from providing some kind of intelligence support to something that looks more, again, the military term kinetic. We will, this is a conversation that, I mean, and any rules to help us decide that? Well, right, it's very interesting. So there actually is a fair amount in the public literature that the military has put out. I wouldn't call it doctrinal, I wouldn't call them rules. There are sort of areas where the military has basically said we would consider this an act of war, or we would consider this an act of aggression where we would recommend to the president you have the option of responding, not just in cyberspace, but militarily as well. So an attack on the national infrastructure that causes death, a power grid attack, a attack on public utilities, disabling a key part of the financial system, something that undermines the sort of the national security framework. It has to be sort of high end, but these are also very low probability attacks. That would be something where the military would look at this and effectively say, that's an act of aggression that allows us to respond in kind. Interestingly, with the Sony hack, from the tribute to North Korea, there was a question immediately right after that when the internet suddenly went down in North Korea and Admiral Rogers was asked about this, did the United States do that? And the president had promised a proportional response to the Sony hack. The experts I talked to at that time said, well, if we did do it, and I think we probably did not do it actually, that would have constituted a proportional response, perhaps, under the legal framework.  At least at first blush, that sort of presented some legal scholars I talked to with a yes, that looks like a proportional response, something we might actually order. That could be instructive for future events as well. So from where I sit as a foreign policy expert and the former dean of a public policy school, this is one of the new areas of scholarship, research, conceptualization.  Well, this is what I grew up on in the Cold War, trying to figure out how we did nuclear deterrence, what is proportional to what, what do you threaten so that you have a credible threat? Cause obviously if you say, we're gonna take out Moscow if you do something very small, that's not credible. So then figuring that out in the cyber domain where that's what we're talking about. What do you make public? What's a credible threat? But what's also a legal threat? What is a proportional response? And we're very... Absolutely, and that's why I think the Sony event was so important. And one respect is that this is the administration essentially making policy as we go here and saying that we're going to, first of all, identifying North Korea, the president of the United States standing up and saying who it was, that's never happened. The director of the FBI doing it, revealing some amount of intelligence about why they think they did it. And then announcing there would be a proportional response at the time of our choosing, putting aside the shutdown of the internet, however that happened, we levied more sanctions against North Korea. Now it's a pretty sanctioned country. You know, maybe we didn't do that much damage, but that is essentially making policy now. We're saying effectively, if you intrude on the networks of a U.S. company, if you make threats in the way that North Korea did, we reserve the right to sanction you. We potentially reserve the right to knock your internet out. That's policy being made. There is a deterrent effect to that, I think. So I want to ask you about companies and the way they mesh or don't with military, but I just have to follow up. You just said, as a throwaway, you don't think that was us taking down the Korean internet? Yeah, I actually, I don't. The Associated Press has reported that U.S. officials say that it's not, some of my own reporting suggests that it wasn't us. And yet, honestly, it raises the question of, well, why would we have done that?  Why would we necessarily reveal that capability or sort of spend that bullet on this incident when the president coming up and condemning it, having a conversation, and then the sanctions might have just done the trick? But we said we were going to do something. We did, and then we sanctioned them. And then what else was very coy about this? I think they were deliberately coy to some degree. But just sources that I talked to now are sort of more on the side of, yes, we're not going to come out and say on the record we didn't do it, but no, we were not responsible for this. So did Sony do it? Who knows? Maybe North Korea accidentally tripped its own switch when they were trying to figure out how we got in. So let me come back to companies because your book is the rise of the military internet complex, right? Obviously, taking off in the military industrial complex. But one of the things you show in your book is how much the military internet complex is a public-private complex, that the companies are deeply involved. And this is the flip side of the tension that we're seeing between the NSA and tech companies. This is a situation of symbiosis. So I wanted to ask you to talk about the ways in which the military depends on companies. Yeah, so I think on a very basic level when you're talking about cyberspace defense and offense, the military, the intelligence community operating in that space is almost entirely dependent on companies. We talk about the fact that 85% of the network infrastructure in the United States is privately owned. Just from the standpoint of conducting authorized legal surveillance, the FBI, the NSA on a daily basis depend upon a legal framework that requires companies to give them information. There have been times in the past where companies, back in 2007 or 2008, when we were debating the reform of FISA, there was a moment there where the companies were wondering if they were going to try and resist even participating in government surveillance if they didn't have certain assurances. And people within the intelligence community freaked out over this, the idea that the companies would not simply just take the warrants and do what they were dutifully told, but that they would put up a fight and say, we're not gonna share the information with you, we're not gonna give you access. You see it happening today in the going dark arguments that Comey and Rodgers and others are talking about. Just on a very intrinsic level, you need the access to the network infrastructure. Now, of course, the NSA is very adept at going out and getting that access when companies are not going to comply or when they don't want them to know about it. But just at that very basic level when you're talking about operating in cyberspace, it is a private public, I hesitate to use the word partnership because that implies some sort of camaraderie. And it's often a very tense and tenuous relationship. So is it fair to say that actually when we're thinking about the cyber domain that it's the companies and their networks that are the perimeter of our domain? In other words, if you try to analogize from the physical to the virtual here, the physical, you've got to define territory and the military can police that territory, surveil that territory or defend it, however they need to. But here, the territory itself is U.S. companies and their networks, is that? Yeah, it's almost more like if we're using a body analogy, they are the circulatory system. They're completely embedded. I mean, the military again talks about cyberspace as a domain of warfare after airlines seeing outer space. But those four domains, they can effectively control and patrol, right? We patrol our borders. The U.S. government controls the airspace. We have laws of the sea. Cyberspace, this is a domain that is completely comprised of equipment and entities that are not governed by a single entity that sort of are moving throughout. It is not sort of a singularly defined space. And this is actually why even the analogy of calling it a domain starts to sort of conceptually stretch our definitions and our understanding and it certainly befuddles many of our legal understandings because it is a borderless entity. Even talking about cyberspace, what is it? Is it a commons? Is it a utility? President Obama's been talking lately that it is a utility. And that suggests that you can regulate it. Yeah, so this reminds me when I was in government from 2009 to 2011, I wasn't there as a lawyer, but of course my background is as a law professor. And at one point I got myself into this debate about what was a global commons. Because from the point of view of an international lawyer, and we're thinking about global rules, it's great to have the cyberspace be a global commons. It's like the oceans, right? And that means it isn't subject to national regulation, it's subject to international regulation. And there are lots of reasons for lots of purposes to wanna think about cyberspace that way. On the other hand, from the military point of view, that's the last thing you wanna do. And to their point, wait a minute, it isn't really out there, it's not like the oceans, they're actually physical servers and they're located in physical space. And let's not let our academic conceptualization get away from that, because we need to defend actual networks. And so that, I can't remember what compromise we reached. It was carefully lawyered, but that issue is a very big one from the point of view of how you think about this globally and from the international regulation and how you think about national armies. Yeah, and it also raises the question, if you were ever to form a treaty in cyberspace, how would you even go about doing that? I mean, these are sort of the fundamentals. We have assumptions about what cyberspace is, we don't have any great definitions. And one of the things I found in reporting the book is that when you bring up the idea of a treaty, of an arms treaty in cyberspace, let's call it with the military, it's the last thing they want as well, because how would you verify it? How would you actually make sure that anyone is abiding by the rules of that treaty? And why in a domain in which the United States military is not necessarily the far and away front runner or superpower, why would you preemptively limit our capabilities? I mean, this was an insight into the extent to which I think people like Admiral Rodgers and others really see cyberspace as a battlefield right now. And they're making calculations and decisions somewhat informed by recent historical experience, somewhat using cold runalities and others, but this is also very new territory. And again, making up policy as we go here. So we've got three minutes, so I'm gonna ask for maybe two questions. There, over there in the back. Is somebody have a mic? You may have to stand up and, oh, here comes the mic. Thank you very much. My name's Benjamin Dean. I'm a fellow for cybersecurity at Columbia University. We talk a lot about the Sony hack today, but as I was going through the 10Q report that Sony filed, quarter three last year, they said their total losses from the hack were $15 million. There would be no lasting consequences. That's about 1% or a bit less. The annual turnover. I wonder, given how many billions of dollars we spend on cybersecurity, whether it makes economic sense to do so, given that the losses are so small, even in what has been historically quite a big hack. That's a great question. I haven't seen the report so I don't know how they're calculating loss and are they sort of maybe hiding the football a little bit and minimizing that. But you know, I'll use the example of J.P. Morgan.  Spends $250 million on network security. Well, what are they getting for it? You know, I guess for Sony, the question is also reputationally. I mean, I think there's a question of monetary damage, but you know, this becomes an event in which the White House and the President of the United States come out and start lecturing your CEO about not being proper defenders of the First Amendment. So I mean, in that respect, I think the monetary damages to Sony are sort of in one category that maybe is not as significant as sort of the reputational ones. But you're asking a great question. What is the sort of the cost-benefit analysis? And many companies, it seems to me, have concluded that they're not going to spend that much money on information security. I've been hearing this lately from people in the electrical sector down at the level of managing physical facilities where there is equipment that is connected to networks that can be hacked and you talk to people managing those facilities and they'll say, well, we only have so much money in our budget and we have other things we have to protect like we have to put fences up. We have physical security needs as well. So I mean, I think there are people for various reasons who are asking, is this really worth it? There, last question. Here in, yeah. Is there a mic coming? All right. I can hear you. If you yell and I'll repeat the question. So, can you repeat the question? Yeah, so the question was, is the talent manual which was a manual, but I guess about a year, year and a half ago, right, Harvey, which essentially, years long effort by technologists and lawyers to try and understand whether or not effectively the law of armed conflict that we use to govern kinetic military action can apply in cyberspace. I found it to be a pretty persuasive document. I mean, I'm not a lawyer, but I'm fairly familiar with law of armed conflict in other settings and in asymmetric settings. I mean, it certainly raised the question of, well, why not? I mean, there certainly seems like there are some instances in which that would be true and everything that we've heard from the US military tells us that they would use offensive cyber according to the law of armed conflict. So when the president stood up after the Sony intrusion and said, there will be a proportional response that is a legal terminology, right? He's saying essentially we are not going to go bomb Pyongyang because they embarrass Sony and delay the launch of a movie. So I think that we are, even if we are not sort of on the books doing it that way, it seems to me that we're following it in practice and I thought the manual will make a pretty persuasive case that that can work. And in general, just as lawyers, it's very hard to start with nothing, right? I mean, as we have developed law over centuries, we tend to start with something from one domain and try to adapt it because otherwise you may never get anywhere. So we're, we just got an extra minute. I think we're, now we're going up. Oh, we're going, we're over time. Okay, so let me, well, I'll take it. I'd let me just say one final thing on the Sony point that I think has not gotten nearly enough attention. So there, there was the economic cost. There was also Amy Pascal essentially lost her job, right? I mean, she, what was exposed made it very, very hard for her to do her job. So to individualize this, there's the, you know, what's the cost of the company? But there's also, if you're the CEO or in the leadership, either you're doing a tremendous amount of self-censoring. And I remember when I joined the government, you know, being told at some point, you know, you start making phone calls rather than sending emails. Or you are, you're really thinking about this, not just in terms of the cost of the company, but the cost to you and your leadership team should things be exposed. And that, that's a different calculus, but it's probably very much on CEO's minds. I think so. So I urge you to buy the book, read the book. It's wonderfully readable. I can tell you in terms of weaving together what are very important and complex subjects with just terrific stories. And join me in thanking Shane Harris for our conversation. Thank you.


Welcome once again to the Breakfast of Lost in the Africa. A couple of days ago, the Nigerian government, of course, through the president's spokespersons, had made mention of plans to rid the country of insurgency by 2023. We've also shared stories on the 12 Super Tucano jets and how those, of course, will come into play very soon in the fight against insurgency. But while we have those conversations, we still, of course, are dealing with kidnappings and killings and abductions in different parts of the country. Nigeria's security system is still being questioned and its ability to truly keep Nigerians and their properties safe. Earlier this morning, we also shared stories of extortion by Nigerian police officers in Nabooja and Inugu and these, of course, are not one of stories. They are among many other stories that we hear of every other day. They basically paint a picture of what the Nigerian police force currently is and has always been. We're going to be taking a look at Nigeria's security system and the outlook for 2022, how far have we come and what more must be done. We're speaking this morning with security expert, Mr. Yehuzad Getzo. Good morning. Thanks for joining us, Mr. Getzo. Mr. Getzo, if you can hear us clearly, good morning to you. Yes, of course. I can hear you loud and clear. All right, great. Thanks for joining us. And also, Chidi Omerje, thanks also for being a part of the conversation. Thank you for having me and compliments of the season. All right. I'm going to start with Mr. Getzo. What would you describe as your own analysis with moves that the Nigerian government has made in the last couple of years, mostly in 2021, with regards beefing up Nigeria's security architecture and, of course, given of some hope with regards the next year, have we done in any way better this year? Well, first of all, looking at the 2021, is the idea that the Nigerian government and the Bahá'ís watch exhibits incompetency, incapability, inability, lack of commitment, lack of interest, poor disappointment, disgrace, and a diplomatic, local and international disgrace. It is obvious that Bahá'ís government have failed Nigerians, hopefully. So as far as we are concerned, there is nothing to write home about. All those Tocano and whatever investment and imputes made into the security have been lambasted and abused and at the same time explained and described as a failure by the members of the cabinet or by the members of the kissing cabinet of the Muhammad-Wahari administration. Let me take you back to what the lay Mohammed has been talking about, right since before the government became two years old, that they know the finances and sponsors of Boko Haram. And at the latter time, in the years of 2017, 2018, and to some extent in 2019, he made a pronouncement once again that they know the finances and the sponsors of the banditry and other activities of the criminals happening all over the country. But to our dismay and to our disappointment, if at all you know who are these people, as you have been mentioning, what we expected to see in practice is demonstration or a kind of transmission of your promises, empty promises be made that you convinced Nigerians to have voted you into power in the year 2020-2015, that you are going to secure the country, that you are going to provide job opportunities, that you are going to address as many as possible issues. But yet, discover of the security, the situation became worse than what it was before you No, Mr. Geto, I just want to quickly step in here. The president, you will go on, but I want to add this. Can you hold on, Mr. Geto? Can you hold on? The president has said that if Nigerians are sincere, they will be able to see that things are a lot better than they were when they came into office in 2015. So how do you then say that things are worse? That is a storytelling, but there is no sense yet. Or there is no water of sincerity in that. There is no honesty in that. He hasn't demonstrated. Nigerians don't want to hear the story from Buhari's mouth. They want to see it in his actions. They want to see it in his governance. They want to see it in practice. They want to see the demonstration and the practical reality on ground, not just storytelling. Remember that we have so many things related, credited to the National Security Advisor, to the Minister of Defense, to the Minister of Information, and to other ministers. And we have not seen anybody language, of Muhammad-Wahara administration, not even a physical and practical language that Buhari is really serious. The government have exhibited themselves as a kind of uncapable government, kind of exhibited in ability, in uncapable, incapability, and as a citizen demonstrated to Nigerians that is the most highest light, the light government that we ever had in the history of Nigeria. It's sad and it's disgrace. Okay, Chidi, let's also bring in Chidi Omeji. Now, one of the major responses from the federal government as regards the fight against insorgency or with the insecurity issues in the country is the change of service chiefs. Now, four months after that change actually happened, we had a major attack in Keduna where you had a Tahiru, so one of the chief of staff and several prominent military personnel lost their lives and all of that. How would you describe, you know, would you say that the change of service chief has actually contributed to the fight against insorgency? So for us in 2021. Okay. Did you say that the chief of staff lost his life through an attack? Excuse me? I don't know if I've got it. Did you say that the chief of staff died through an attack? Ibrahim. Tahiru? Tahiru. He died through an attack, what attack? No, no, there was an attack that affected some of the, you know, prominent. Not the Amistar here, I think of Amistar. Well, go on, go on, Mr. Omeji, you know. I think I'm mixing up. In any case, if I get the entire meat of your question, you're asking whether the change of service chiefs added any kind of impetus to the fight against terrorism, insorgency, and of course, battle against banditry. We have to take it from this context. Don't forget that before they were brought in, the new ones, there was a large, there was a wide demand outcry from Nigerians asking that, you know, the previous set of service chiefs be changed so that we see if there will be a new lease of life in terms of how the war or the battle has been prosecuted and that after Dili Dali, the government eventually, you know, yielded to Nigerians demand and we got those new set of chiefs and of course we saw that there was some kind of, you know, how to put it now, we saw some kind of energy, you know, brought in fresh idea, brought in fresh, there was a huge expectation. Then of course, we lost the chief of army, the gallant-looking, late chief of army staff at Tahiru, by him at Tahiru through the unfortunate A-crash, not any attack, okay? Right, so now the point here is, we've all gotten to the point where we expected, it's part of the change, but it's not entirely the fault of the new service chiefs. It is exactly, the problem is actually a very faulty internal security operations mechanism, very faulty. How do I mean? Ordinarily, what ought to have in this country is a situation where you have what we call first responders and last responders. First responders, the lead agents actually ought to have been the Nigerian police to be able to, you know, because they're everywhere, they should be able to have intelligence on ground, have good on ground, have cooperation with the safe society to be able to nip these things on the board. Then you have to have them also to deal with the situation. But if it comes to a stage where it's beyond their capacity, their capability to deal with, that is where you invite the military. What obtains now, because you have a very faulty international security operations mechanism, is that you see that the police ought to be the first, the lead agency, ought to be the first responders and are now relaxed back. So the last responder that is military have not become the first responder. So in every situation you have, you see the military being drafted in, you see the Nigerian aspect in the military to take charge. Not forgetting that this military guys were not actually trained to handle a lot of civil related issues. But we are moving on beyond that because the kind of situation we have now is even such that if you don't have what we call synergy of action between and among the military and the secret agencies, you know, even the police could not at this stage handle it. I am talking about at the initial stage when this is coming up. But right now we have the situation have gone beyond the police as you and I know. So, but you see, we ought to show respect to the military. You know what I say that? I say that because you have a military that is not even up to combined, talking about Nigerian armed forces, they don't need the army. All of them are not even up to 600,000 in terms of numerical strength. But you see them taking insurgency in the North East, the insurgency and terrorism in the North East, Banditry, heavy Banditry in the North West and in North Central. You have the separatist agitation in the South East. You have the nationalist people in the South West. You have the attacks on vital assets in the South South. So there are a lot of issues that the military are dealing with at the same time. So what I'm going to say is that, yes, just like my brother who spoke first, you know, I can understand his angst. I can understand his emotion and sentiment. And of course that is what Nigerians are feeling right now. A lot of Nigerians are so dissatisfied with the situation because you can't afford to have a country where you do not, you can't sleep and your eyes closed. So it is a difficult situation for Nigerians and it's been horrible. And then so back to your question again, yes, to an extent the new set of initiatives are brought in some level of, some level of realizations, some level of momentum into the fight. They're just barely six months in office. So we don't expect anything from them, but all we need to do is to support them. All we need to do is to encourage them. All we need to do is to request them to have more of synergy between and among the military, the security, the intelligence and response agencies in the country to be able to handle the situation. And beyond that even, we have come to a stage where the approach should be all of national approach. What we mean by all of national approach is that at a time like this, not just all of government approach, but all of nation whereby both the media, the civil society groups, the traditional rulers, the every citizen have a role to play because the issues we have right now, you can afford more effectively through intelligence driven efforts. So how do you get intelligence, information? How do you get information if people say something and say something? So what I'm going to say is we have come to a stage where showing blames about may not really help us. Have you seen what is happening in the east, not west?  In Sokotu where about 40 people are going down? You know, so many things are going down. I don't want to just say, oh, we are going to blame more instead of people. No, we almost find a way out of this situation in order to remain as people as a country. All right. Let's bring back Mr. Gatzel. Mr. Gatzel, do you have to share similar sentiments with the fact that the army needs to be commended for the efforts that they've made so far? And of course, also to remember that it's not just, you know, the responsibility of the Landryan army, but, you know, like Mr. Omegya has said, traditional rulers, civil society organizations, the citizens, the police, and everybody needs to work hand in hand. Do you have a similar thoughts? And with the pace with which we are going and the ideas of the new service chiefs that Mr. Omegya has spoken about, do you think that we are headed in the right direction? And maybe by 2023, on the next few years, we would see a complete end to the insurgency and the security challenges with the devil in Nigeria? Well, let's not deceive ourselves. The fact of the matter is we have challenges of leadership. We have voted for people that deceive Nigerian. Mr. Gatiz? Yeah, I'm with you. Go ahead. Yeah, they have deceived the people within their party, that is the all-progressive party, and they have deceived other Nigerians who are opponent. So the fact of the matter is the issue of leadership. Muhammad Wahary have demonstrated an incapability, inability, and failure of leadership quality that have been assumed, that have been assumed by Nigerians who voted and waited and escorted the vote and ensure that he is voted into the power. But I'm so grateful that Nigerians have given Muhammad Wahary an opportunity. Otherwise, he could have considered as a saint that people would be going to worship his grave if at all he wasn't elected into power. So it is the issue of leadership. It is when you have a good leadership that is when you have coordination between the military, between the police, between the GSS, the civil defense, the immigration, the customer, all other law enforcement agencies to be working with the traditional and other non-formal institutions on the ground. Yes, of course. Mr. Chidi had made mention very clear that the police who supposed to be at the front, who supposed to be the first respondent, now we are using the back end. The police supposed to be the front end. But rather we are using the back end, who are the military, who are not supposed to be exposed into the civil crisis. But fortunately and unfortunately, because of the inability and exhibition of failure of Muhammad Wahary administration, they have made it very clear that they are not capable and they cannot be able to rule Nigeria.  Even though the highest inputs as far as the human resources that have been the financial resources have been made, since independence, I keep saying it that there is no government since independence that have imputed huge amount of resources, especially financial resources, especially in terms of budgeting, releasing the money for budgeted money and also claim to have purchased, have a very good system of procurement and the supply chain process and also demand another request and having a perfect system of retirement compared to that of Muhammad Wahary, but yet there is nothing on ground. So I have the same thought that it is the system failure because the government didn't come with the sincerity, there is no honesty, there is no passion, there is no patriotism. It's only proclaimed that they are going to change, to change what? What have they changed? What I expect from Nigerians is to work hard in 2022 to find a way of clearing anybody that is part of Muhammad Wahary administration, either in PDP or in APC to ensure that we clear the system and we bring a new system so that Nigeria can move forward to the next level. What I will tell you, security challenges like I mentioned by Mr. Chidi is something that I have cut across all parts of the nation. So what we are talking, we are not talking about the northern part of the country. We are not talking about the Boko Haram at the northeast, the Bandai Tree in the north-central and north-west and the agitators, the separatists in the south-south and south-east as well as the nationalist movement or whatever movement you may call it, the Odwa in the south-west and part of the country. But rather we are talking about Nigeria's unity. What Muhammad Wahary rewarded Nigerians is increasing the kind of expansion of enmity, expansion of ethnic bigotry, expansion of regional bigotry, which will not take Nigerians anywhere. As far as I'm concerned, the level of corruption also have kind of vindicated the thought and mindset of Nigerians and have really made a huge contribution in terms of a kind of a failure of the security as far as there is no synergy between the police as struggling with the military, even within the police, the mobile as struggling with an ordinary police, even within the army, the military navy is kind of computing with air force, air force is computing with the navy. We are not here, we are not after a competition. It has been made very clear that even in a statement created to Marami recently in an interview he made in Toronto that the money they collected, they returned from those who who laundered money or whatever in other countries like Abacha as the claim, I'm not justifying that Abacha have looted money, I don't have a business to do with that. I'm a security expert, I'm speaking purely on the issue of security and as far as I'm concerned, that money that Marami says that they have used in securing the nation, what security have you provided? What have you done in the country? You have failed to open it. You better resign and leave the office because you have not done anything. So as far as I'm concerned, yes, I'm with the treaty and I believe that as far as there is no synergy among the security agencies, we are not going to move anywhere and it is going to be the worst failure as the Bohara administration demonstrated the worst failure as far as management and security and intelligence management. Alright, let's also bring in Shidi Omeji. What would you say is the gap? Let's also have Shidi share his thoughts now. What would you say is the gap that you have seen in the fight against insecurity for us in 2021? I think that if you listen to Yathuza, you tend to believe him. You would like to agree with him to an extent. But don't also forget that we had sort of a conversation when the previous comment was in place. You know, people complained how Jonathan was not very effective in dealing with security challenges. So he has always been there. So what I'm going to say is that what we expected more from this current president because at least he was a general or he was a general. So I expected him to have done a lot better. But just to put it in context, the arc cry we have now was similar to what we had before this government came in. There was an abduction and a chip-off. I remember the kind of, then the government was lapped by a lot of Nigerians. But back to your question, the gaps, the biggest gap we have is intelligence asset. We've not been able to maximize and optimize our intelligence asset in the entire security architecture. Because the sort of issue we have right now are such that better dealt with if we have an effective intelligence gathering or, you know, information sharing between civilians and the populace and then, of course, the security agencies. So a lot of people are not keen into this effort because probably because of the disenchantment as I mentioned by my brother here, probably Nigerians are even tired of giving up information. So that's the greatest gap. Second gap is synergy. Synergy between and among these agencies have not been very effective even now that we're beginning to see a much more robust synergy among the military services and then, of course, the agencies. So if we are able to tie that up and, of course, not important, not important is the political will to deal with this issue. When Yahuda was talking about Malami, he forgot to add also the Office of National Security Advisor. You know, if you remember during the Soviet time he was much more prominent in this position more than this guy, current one. This current one, you know, in fact, if you give me to rate him I will not give him anything up to 20% in terms of performance because, you know, that office ought to be coordinated of it. The office that will coordinate the issues of intelligence, issues of synergy, issues of, you know, deployment and all manner of things. This office ought to be more to contribute more than to contribute it now. So I do not know why when it changes how it is it still retains him. If I really please sweet so I would know that I was starting fresh but then it's okay, I will make it look better. But if, you know, so I want to believe that from that angle you know, it comes on value. Mr. Major, before, of course, as quickly as you can, if you can do it in a minute, we'll appreciate it. The things that you've mentioned, you've mentioned, you know, poor intelligence, synergy and some of all of that. In a government that is serious about fighting insurgency and fixing the security challenges in the country, do you think six years should have been enough to fix something as vital as intelligence gathering? Bear in mind the billions and billions of Naira that have been invested in security. Mr. Major, we're still talking about a police force that is extorting Nigerians, kidnapping Nigerians and extorting them. And that just basically shows you the rot in the soul of the most basic security agency that Nigeria should have. So shouldn't six years be enough for a government that is serious about fixing some of these things and fixing, you know, the fight against insurgency? What are many times we try to point out those technical aspects? There's still a government in power that has spent billions and billions of Naira in six, seven years. And to also add, you know, recently the government is also saying that we know those who are sponsoring terrorists. As a matter of fact, we know the organization, we know the names. So I mean, I'm just wondering why if that's also, you know, a function of intelligence gathering as well to say that that's a major concern. Because if you say that you know the people who are actually funding these bandits and sponsoring them, and you also agree to the fact that you are in the know that these persons are collecting taxes. They've agreed to all of this. So what then is the issue when you have all of the bodies and, you know, you have the agencies? I mean, the police started with the responsibility of internal security. So it just slips me with a lot of question wondering if intelligence gathering also is a major concern. Okay, let me start with the first question. In terms of, he asked me if six years were not enough to... Look, you have been there ordinarily. Six years were enough to see a very clear picture of where the government is going in terms of how we want to tackle the issue. But don't also forget that insurgency or terrorism is not something you can, you won't stop.  Terrorism or insurgency, you know, has a very long lifespan.  It's not that possible. But then, yes, ordinarily, we thought, let me tell you something, we all know when this government was coming in 2025, 2015, there was this good expectation. There was this belief that things would really be clear. All right. So, so that, but really darling, the, the nonchalance, the, you know, the preparation, all the things that wasted time on, you know, I get to what I'm having now. But I believe that yeah, it's, it's a, I don't know, but I know, it's not going to come out of it. It might not be on that, it's an administration, but don't forget also that it is the same military. You know, military remains the same. There is the same military that will continue to do. But of course, like, leadership is key. Leadership is key. So, and back to the question the lady asked, you know, we've heard about, you say the locals, who is, you all that, you know, all those soldiers told us, well, I don't know how, I don't know the truth about that and if I'm in the, if I'm in government and I have idea who is causing this problem, I will not stop at anything, not like get those guys, you know, exterminated or arrested or prosecuted. You know, so telling all that, you know them and they are not getting the power to me is neither here. And that is why I don't trust that. So, you know, I don't, I don't really have a very good respect for that, for that office of the National Security Advisor now, because if you say, we know who is causing that and you have not done anything about it, how do that add to our, our decision. So, to me, look, Madam, don't play with intelligence. Intelligence is important in this issue. You cannot look down on it. If you, if you get our intelligence accepted right, look. Mr. Chidi, I totally, I totally understand what you, but I'm still also trying to understand how intelligence gathering is stopping the president from naming.  And that has not happened. I'm wondering why intelligence is also a problem why we have not arrested those who are sponsoring this element. It seemed that we're in conversation. Over time, we have had several deniers that we're not paying, I mean, we're not paying ransom for the exchange. So far, statistic has it that you have about 1,440 students that have been kidnapped from the nothing part of Nigeria with 25 schools attacked. So, I'm still also wondering how intelligence with all of the information that we have, we know the people who are perpetrating this evil and no one has been arrested. No one has been prosecuted, but rather we have persons who have been, we have said, oh yes, it's okay to receive all of the pattern and come through less integrity into the society. So, I'm sure that a lot of persons would also be questioning, you know, how intelligence, not to say that intelligence gathering is not important in the fight against insecurity, but we have seen a situation where we are in the know, we have the information, but we're not acting. We're not doing what we should do. And then we have all of the bodies that are, you know, saddled with the responsibility of executing and prosecuting those involved. So it feels like we're just treating some of these issues with kid gloves and the issue of, you know, I mean, in different parts of the country, you want to talk about the South is, the issues are quite different and not the same with what you have, you know, in the northern part of Nigeria. So, all of that, would you still say that that's an issue or a concern of intelligence? Well, I don't know if, look, I am not, you are right to an extent. What I'm trying to say is that, I'm not, look, of course you know that I will not know who they perform in the body, but probably, they've not been able to tell us the, this complex, because maybe the investigation is going on to, to make sure they get all of, all the people involved, because if you mention them immediately, it might, it might, you know, impact on the investigative process, but that's, that's my thinking, but that is not to say that they've done a wrong work. Look, you are very right to an extent, because if you look at it, we have seen women telling us how, remember those guys they arrested in, I think Dubai, right, about 60 people there about, you know, and they said they were prosecuted because they were sponsoring Boko Haram. We have had also a number of, you know, revelations and a bunch of who are where they start coming from. What my advice to look at now is how do we get our lives back? And I do not really want to get involved in all these critiques, you know, what is important to me is how do we get out of the situation right now? The only way we can get out of the situation is to keep talking about it, to bring up ideas that can help. For the protesters, what is lacking is the political will to even you know, bring to life those ideas are being enforced. So I expect that the government should have that political will, that strength, that, you know, conviction to go deep and then, you know, arrest those who were supposed to be arrested and prosecute those who were supposed to be prosecuted. So going around is, you know, neither here nor there. So I do with you to an extent and I believe that I hope the government before and not I think what is happening and they are not happy and they expect that as we are going into the future that is a lot, a lot better because we can't continue this project and hope. Alright. Alright Mr. Omidya. You also get so, you also get so, let's bring you back in, you know, and I'm going to take you back to a question that I asked earlier and that is if six years should really be enough to see a difference and maybe not a difference with immediate an immediate end in the agency but at least see a difference in the processes with which we conduct security in Nigeria. Should six years be enough to see better investments in intelligence, to see better investments in the armed forces and the police and security, you know, structure in general. And of course if what would you have expected to be the very first steps that the current administration should have taken about fixing Nigeria security challenges? Well, let me first of all start by correcting my sister that a bandit have not been declared as a terrorist. Bandits have been declared as a terrorist by the Bahá'í administration government recently in about three weeks ago and the question is it's not about declaring them terrorists or not declaring them terrorists. Whether they are declared terrorists or they are not declared as terrorists because they are violating the action, the constitution as well as the kind of what is expected. So going into your question I'll tell you six years going by the imputes made by Bahá'í administration into the security. Like I keep saying I commend them in respect to the amount of money imputed in security. Looking at the 2015 2016 budget 2017, 18, 19 and up to you know what I had about the Muhammad Bari mentioning the amount he wanted he budgeted for 2022. My basic assumption was that maybe he is going to take us into the Monsite so that Nigerians will be moved out of the present territory to another to extent of Monsite so that will be there will be straight there. So the fact is that if at all there is seriousness if at all Bahá'í government is honest if at all there is sincerity in purpose if at all there is commitment passion and patriotism and if at all they were not in the government on seat of the power to deceive Nigerians not even six years even three even within three years or even less than that if there is commitment if there is passion and if there is true practical political and administrative will they could have changed the narrative even within a number of couple of months not even to talk of the six years so their six years is a wasted period their six years is a disappointment disgrace I want to tell you that what in 2022 there is nothing they can do because all these saying that we are procured to Kano we are procured these jets we are procured this armament this and that have you forgotten that it was the same national security adviser came out through a statement credited to him through BBC House and he made mention very clear that huge amount of money have been predicted and released for the purpose of security a purchase of armament and improving the security situation but he don't know as a chief of army staff that is a statement and if you look at this statement also credited to what is credited recently to the attorney general of the federation that is Samalani and what is credited to Lai Muhammad and even what is credited to come through Garbashaw and Adesina is government supposed to have gone home they are supposed to have resigned because they have wasted Nigerian time they have wasted our resources and there is no nothing like a result so I want to tell you that what I expect from them in the year 2022 is probably probably if they could be serious is to sustain the tempo probably to stop the number of attacks but I want to tell you that the attacks is still ongoing in all part of all part of all these regions what will make you laugh is that you know I am a practical investigator because I go to these locations there is no where this criminality is happening in northern Nigeria in the north central in the south south south that I didn't step in I step in and I have seen practical so let me tell you within every 15 kilometer radius to 25 kilometer radius in all part of the northern Nigeria there is a presence of commanding units there is a military unit and within every 20 to 30 kilometers there is a divisional police office within every 30 to 35 kilometers there is a formation of the DSS within every 15 to 25 kilometers there is a formation of either a custom civil defense immigration as well as the the other intelligence other law enforcement agents so I wonder how comes how comes these criminals can move in hundreds 300 motorbike motorcycles 400 500 160 100 150 carrying 33 people in each of the motorbike and carrying AK-47 and AK-49 and other armament RPG, BMD and other sophisticated ammunition and they move freely to go and conduct their activity and move back let me tell you if you have only 20 motorbikes moving in a desert area or in a more area that is not tied definitely you will see the dust dust is enough to send a message to that military formation within 20 to 25 kilometers that there is an attempt to make an attack and at the same time you may mention that you know who are the financiers why can't you prosecute or execute or silently use your intelligence here to eliminate them or start eliminating some of them or executing them in public so that it will serve as a deterrence which means that probably you are the financiers of all these activities if you are not why are you having the list and you cannot expose the list why are you having the knowledge of who are the financiers and you cannot take action against them why are you killing innocent why are you sending our military where they are not supposed to be why can't you recruit more hunks in the police let me tell you if all the government can recruit 40 youths between the age of 17 and 22 from each polling unit if a world have 10 polling units you will have 400 if a local government have 10 political words you are going to have 4,000 youths between the age of 14 17 I mean 22 so that you can you can push them into the police so that the police who are supposed to be the first respondent will have the capability will have the ability I want to tell you that some of the guns that Nigerian police are carrying have aged their parents it means that it has been there since independence or even before independence so when you don't have armaments and the question is all the input made yes of course you have made the input we have seen that we have seen the budget we have tracked the budget we are monitoring the budget we are monitoring the release of budgetary allocated for security intelligence and other activities but the question is why are we seeing the results we are seeing is only the fact that the security personnel have only been the richer the richer and richer and nobody is checking that so why is it that you cannot use those inputs you made in managing and attending and addressing the intelligence issue and I want to tell you that every month there used to be a security meeting at the local government local government monthly security meeting so if you are having these meetings and yet there is no result and this meeting is involving the traditional rulers from the bottom to the top level of the local government that is from the ward head from the community head or from the ward head from the district the village head and involving the chief security officers chief security officer of the local government that is the local government administrator if at all we have local government because as far as I'm concerned the local government administration has been scrapped by the Muhammadi ward administration if not formally you are as it gets okay you hear us Actions have demonstrated that from what we have from what we have on ground there is nothing like local government so why that meeting is the end and objective of that meeting is to have intelligence information generated you share with the state command that is the DSS command the police command the Navy command the Air Force command and the general Overseer of the national security is a national security advisor who is supposed to have written a number of memos briefing them Mr. President about A, B, C, D and providing necessary recommendations and at the same time give instructions to the Navy to the Air Force that go and do this go and do this and let me tell you the final before just I go that all these bandits all these kidnappers we said and I said and I'm repeating myself there is nobody they are not foreigners one I disagree that they are foreigners they are Nigerian nationals we know them we know where they are we know their parents we know their locations they are living within us they are attacking us and there is no member of the state or national assembly or senate that will tell me that in his constituency or in our constituency he or she don't know where these criminals are we know their locations so where are you meeting around the bush why can't you go and deal with them decisively so that we go we finish this issue and we will stop Western resources when you are imputed into the security and intelligence management have not in any way moved Nigeria from where we were before to where we supposed to be when we move from worst from prime fan to fair so there is no result only government it's time in the last six years and we cannot and we are not ready to give any to give them any aorta of benefit of doubt that in 2022 they are going to do any I think we can perform miracles or what we expect them to do they are not going to do anything they should get themselves ready to get out of the system so that we Nigerians advocate and call for Nigerians to work hand in hand forget about your differences and work together to ensure that you send administration and their allies out of the system of governance so that they will not able to return around and let's bring more people that can hold on confidence and trust on to manage the security manage the intelligence and ensure that necessary practically let's get to currently hold on should you imagine would you agree that we are really just coasting until 2023 to of course change see a change in government and there's really not much that will be achieved security wise between now and the end of the current administration's tenure I don't believe that between now and 2023 President Muhammad is going to achieve anything Mr. Gatzel hold on kindly hold on Mr. Gatzel I want to change your measure to quickly respond to that sorry Mr. Omerge kindly go on yes please okay I do not believe that we can get anything very substantial between now and when this government leaves but I believe that the best government would do for us is to to ensure that we maintain the momentum maintain reduced the number of attacks we we blow more into our intelligence assets because you see I mean look a lot of boot on the ground cannot even do the job there's what we call kinetic and non-kinetic approach to these things when we say non-kinetic it means looking at other areas what are the causes of this what are the issues that are contributing to this problem what are the challenges how do we ensure that these guys do not have recruitment we have to look at all these things look I understand a lot I get I understand the motion I have the right to see what is happening we need to really understand how things have really gone bad so it's not something we cannot get rid of we cannot get rid of them it will just in one hand it's going to be systematic it's going to take a lot of time now things have gone or are already things have gone bad the only thing to do now is to how do we minimize incident how do we how do we ensure that we don't have what many more youths being enrolled into these groups and again I don't agree with him when he said that the entire Nigerians we know we know that we have a very weak border stuff and we know that a lot of some of the people see material see people from different parts of West Africa because we have very bad border stuff so I agree I want to say that the challenge is more than you think it's not as simplistic as we are trying to put it because you have a cross-border but literally happening you have people we have so many so many or so much ungoverned spaces there's so much big places that you cannot look even if you have a police checkpoint or a military checkpoint you know every other what about the forest the ungoverned spaces where these guys got attacked from they don't attack mostly on their express villages how do we have enough to cover the villages so I'm going to say that what we need now is to see how we can make use of a non-connected issues to deal with this matter okay Chidi Omerje let's just quickly for the want of time because we're coasting down I mean in no time we're going to call it a wrap but let's just also let's quickly move to Yaouzou Getso and I'd like to say that the Nigerian police will be getting an upward review come 2022 20% and according to the government this is in response to the hashtag answers I mean some of the demand of the hashtag answers protest or protesters now according to you know this particular policy direction and action whether or not there will be implementation it's also another issue but the fact that it's been stated by the government and I'd like to share your thoughts on that do you see us have you know a fantastic police force come 2022 with this upward review Well I commend for making the review for the Nigerian police but I want to tell you and I am very optimistic if I'm alive and you are alive I got willing by December 2022 we'll come back and revisit this subject nothing will come from the Nigerian police I know is concerned that it will not open their attitude the issue is reorientation of the cycle the cycle and the system and operating system of the Nigerian police you know we are just talking about them extorting money from people in Abuja I traveled yesterday for 13 hours and from where I moved to where I am talking to you now around about eight police checkpoints and in all these checkpoints they were just extorting money from them the drivers who are moving to the markets or the commuters who are moving around they are not checking anything so it is orientation it is a psychology that need to be changed I I will commend the Nigerian police leadership if they can sit back and also relax and think about how to change the reorientation psychology of the police officer constable police to the inspector general of police because it is something that cut across all the system of the Nigerian police more than 90% of the people of the personnel in the Nigerian police force are rotting they have that ideology of extorting money collecting money for this and necessary ABCD and yet ordinarily if you go to lodge a complaint at the police station either out for the regional police station or sometimes even at the state comment they will ask you to go and buy a paper and pen sometimes in many cases they don't even have an ordinary paper so where is the money being budgeted for stationery and other things which means that it is a psychology that need to be changed I commend the government for reviewing but I want to tell you we are coming back myself and you in this same station to discuss in December 2022 to make a review what is the impact of reviewing the the police welfare or salary afterwards as far as the effect on that an impact in 2022 between January or between the time of implementation to the end time and I want to tell you even before they get this forward reviewed money it may also take us up to April or May also and what I see I am going to ask you to check in February in March in April to see that if really it is affected into practice because I know it is the system Alright Mr. Getzo we appreciate your time this morning thank you very much for being with us and for speaking with us and also thank you very much for your time and for sharing your thoughts with us with me it's been a great pleasure very very important issues I wish you both are very beautiful ahead thank you well that's the much we can take at this point in time we appreciate your time definitely come through tomorrow with the show and the time again is seven o'clock if you missed out on any part of the conversation it's all right to follow us on Facebook and Instagram what Floss TV Africa and YouTube is a Floss TV Africa lifestyle I am Merci beaucoup to have a great day so goodbye


THE HOUSE THAT JACK BUILT. THE HOUSE THAT JACK BUILT. AUTHOR UNNOWN.       This is the maiden, all forlorn, that milked the cow with the crumpled horn, that tossed the dog, that worried the cat, that killed the rat, that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built. This is the man, all tattered and torn, that kissed the maiden, all forlorn, that milked the cow with the crumpled horn, that tossed the dog, that worried the cat, that killed the rat, that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built. This is the priest, all shaven and shorn, that married the man, all tattered and torn, that kissed the maiden, all forlorn, that milked the cow with the crumpled horn, that tossed the dog, that worried the cat, that killed the rat, that ate the malt, that lay in the house that Jack built. This is the cock, that crowed in the morn, that waked the priest, all shaven and shorn, that married the man, all tattered and torn, that kissed the maiden, all forlorn, that milked the cow with the crumpled horn, that tossed the dog, that worried the cat, that killed the rat, that ate the malt, that lay in the house that Jack built. End of the House that Jack built. Bid by Dennis Sayers in Modesto, California for LibriVox, Fall 2007.


What's up everybody? Jason here for jasperjasebase.com just sold out jaspy's 13 box hard knocks football mixer Radham teams on our website and again 30 total 32 spots 32 total spots are everybody gets a random team in the NFL. I'll just remember no veteran comments of base Veteran cards will not ship and this makes includes a box of 2019 illusions all the way down to a box of elite hangers conference grades our college rules apply and then for the Where's the Flash if there is a checklist on group rate checklist. We'll go by that first I believe they did create one, but this one will go by college rules So there you go No blow bug. I have not I think it just sold out straight up And we have to do one more pack break after number eight. So number nine will sell it out So we had to do four of those you've done three sold it out straight up So now it's just one more pack break, and I'm sure Nick will post it up for me If I don't get to it right now All right guys, so let's randomize customer names here. The customer is a bottom straight up Last one was Zachary, and then if you won a spot an elite hangar number one and two you are also in as well There you go Here's all the teams and everybody gets around teams Yes college rules will be if they're currently in the NFL it'll be the teams that they're currently on If they're not in the NFL anymore, it'll go to the team that they played for the longest And the tiebreaker will be games and if it's like a rookie that was Undrafted was a was a practice squad player for this team that team It'll just go to the team that they were last affiliated with so maybe they never played an NFL They just did practice what here's practice squad there It'll go toward to the last team that they were affiliated with but yeah, pro teams are on now basically All right, so good luck. Let's do the break. Let's roll it and we got a six and a three four nine times one two three four five six seven eight and nine Benjamin down to Robert. Uh, I'm not too sure Ryan actually. That's a good question. Let's see How many you got seven? probably We probably have to do two of those actually Ryan after the finest packet to do another one number nine and then seven It's all 11 spots straight up All right nine times here one two three four five six seven eight and nine All right, Benjamin. You got the Falcons Tony with the Broncos Joseph with the Packers mark You have the Texans Chris with the Bucks and Jaguars Adam with the Colts Michael the Bears Mike G with the Steelers Tyler Rutledge with the Cardinals Ryan Redmond with the Eagles Matt D with the Chargers Gregor with the Giants Michael the Panthers Timothy the Ravens Steven with the Cowboys Matt Delio with the Rams Tyler you have the Titans Joel with the Bills Barry with the Lions Rob Aronco you have the 49ers Greg with the Dolphins Evan you have the Bengals Steve with the Chiefs Ryan with the Patriots Matthew Hedges with the Seahawks Chris with the Redskins Wesley with the Browns Mark with the Jets Zachary Pierce Las Palmo Joe Las Vegas Raiders Alan with the Saints and Robert K With the Minnesota Bikes. All right. Does anybody want to trade guys? Trade windows open. Mark's here. Anybody want the Jets? Sorry, man. I don't think anybody wants to trade no trade activity. So let's just close it Stick with what you got Here's a little 13 box makes it now if you guys like man, I missed that on this mixer, but we do have another one It's an 18 box Mixer on our website where we're doing a little bounty as well. So you hit certain bounties in the break You'll get some break credit And no max entries as well man. It's been a while since we've done some bounties pretty fun guys All right, so let's start off with a little Donner Salete hang here We'll go from left to right If I knew the one autograph, I remember the card this one might have an autograph actually Let's see the relics Might have a little auto these are all just base cards here nice little base cards I've been and a Cody Kessler Turn of the century for the Browns went to Wesley Braxton Miller Malik Collins Warren Sapp and here we go. Let's go with the conference greats Last time I did one of these in a mixer that we got like a old Odell Beckham jr. Over size on the top the jumbo card See we can get out of this one number 2014 You got Kevin Norwood, so it'll go by college or wherever he's at. I'm not sure There you go. My team schedules here Murray nice stars little Joe name it Michael Sam relic do some a callister We got a redemption and that's Odell Beckham jr So, I don't know if you've ever redeemed this. I'm pretty sure you won't be but Little OBJ he was live in the overtop over oversized So that'll be one of the Browns call the drills apply, of course There's another hit there for the Browns Wesley Well, you can give it a shot maybe Well, it's cool pride little Tennessee. I guess we'll we'll randomize this because I mean doesn't have a player for the Asian Just talking about the 98 perfect season So I guess we'll randomize that and give that away at the end of the break. All right, cool guys 13 absolute. So waste of cardboard right here. It's just a little for Larry Fitzgerald boss hog Aaron Dobson rookie to 99 autograph here of Marquise Wilson for the Bears and we got a Christine Michael towards 299 Seahawks Little Monty ball. Oh, what is this? Little Matt Barkley 8 out of 25 for my Eagles Little War Room draft tickets little Camberl Thompson, and we got a Kenny stills materials It's all about one out of nine Kenny stills rookie. All right next one 2013 certified Kenny stills another rookie there for the Saints. We got Bernie Kosar Jamal Charles Relic to one Theoretic, I was I know that's a lot of a lot of Kenny stills right there for y'all Get a good PC to start cheap All right It's by some old 2013 products art star Immortals Chris Carter Michael Rivera autograph That's for the Raiders Phillip Thomas Desmond Truffaut And Michael Crabtree 49ers I don't think so vanilla Although there's always speculation back That Lucas mom was actually the one signing some of those carbs.  I'm thinking you just discovered her. Let's go to Leeds Actually, yeah, let's go with a leak same here, but no same here man It's just home and back to work. All right guys, so I got about like 60 63 orders to go through so After this, I know there's a few breaks that have sold out. They're just quick pack breaks So we should be able to knock those out as a We continue to go but these are just helping out Phillip bigger breaks guys So let's continue think of anything that the the big break a bigger break That's actually gonna sell it as the blaster basketball blaster boxes pretty much Have to put up one more super rack type of a break And that'll sell out opulent so we can do that tonight. All right guys. Good luck. Ali rookie is Justin Herbert Nice one right there Utah gross mottos little Jalen regor Daniel Jones field vision. What's up, Matthew? We just had we had some hit parade you guys Did you see our new Jaspie's hit parade edition series one that was on the Instagram? That was on the webs all on the website little Len Dawson passing the torch Enjoy enjoy college man. That's a little me a little different this time around I guess Primary colors Jared goff relic We'll have some more soon again, Anthony. Oh, we're always buying some of that stuff Christian McCaffrey little wine spellbound for his name Patrick Queen and we got Antonio Gandy Golden and house for the Redskins Joshua Kelly. What is this? It's a little different than all the other ones You got CJ Anderson you got 250 points We'll get that away at the end of the break. We got a elusive ink Number 250 and believe that is Neil Smith and Matt Jones Let's go flash. Okay. This does have a checklist guys. I believe I'm group break checklist so to go by whatever team The players on the checklist. All right first. We've got a JJ Taylor Not numbered we got a little van Jefferson nice autograph number 12 for a flash of brilliance six out of 35 Which we went to I believe the Rams we are Clavon, Jovon Kinlossard seven out of ten. We got Bryce Perkins Clyde Edwards Halair number 20 out of 25 Let's be one of the chiefs right there And going to Steve We can look up the other one later. Just to move on Let's go 2016 gala in the rest of these boxes should all be 1819 or 18 and 2019. I believe Isaiah Crowell to 49 we got David Cobb to 99 Cinematic signatures we got Jordy Nelson. That's a one out of five Jordy Nelson And that is a Green Bay Packers edition of for Joseph Kavanaugh. We got Trevor Davis as a Packers box right here guys. Jeez Another one there for you man. How about one more packer and it's Brett Farr 19 out of 25 you can totally tell that's old spirit. They're vintage materials It's pretty nice Back to back to back hits for the Packers All right, let's go with obsidian 2019. I've got Meek of Fitzpatrick 50 Jamal Adams Look at her Hunter Renfrow to 50 rookie eruption Johan Williams Patrits that's numbered to 50 Right right on that one We got Aurora autographs of LeVar Errington, and we got McHugh Harry to 50 nice one two three four color patch and Next one. What's up, Logan? So man happy Sunday little plates and patches now We got a little plate And it's Deontay Thompson Alabama Crimson Tide So I have to see who that goes to there should be a checklist for luminance. I believe Steelers are thinking something differently Take a look at that, too Derek Henry to 99 out of 25 Little more than Anderson You got Chubb and a joku nice plates and patches number to 50 and Alejandro Villanueva one of one. How about that? Very nice little uno of uno Who has the Steelers Mike G with the Steelers? Little one of one. All right a couple boxes left guys. So has the 19 illusions Gold standard 2020 and they will end up with Canadian one Jets for Thompson. Oh, okay, so I Have to go by the checklist first Logan actually So whatever team he was on the checklist for luminance, I'm sure they created one But if they don't have a checklist on group or a checklist then They'll go to the team that he's currently on will do college rules out of 12 Devonte Freeman Or Devonta Freeman at a 299 Dallas Clark and we got out of 30 Darryl Johnson loose The Kyler Murray Come Barkley to 299 and little patch autograph first impressions for the Ravens Number to 50. Just as hill Cooper Cup to 75 Aaron Donald Little DK back half to 99 Aaron Donald Alvin Kamara Joe mix a number to 399 Aaron Jones And Miko Harmon Jr. All right. Let's see what the Case card is and it's Darrell Henderson number to 99 rookie endorsements Part is like almost coming out actually I feel like I'm taping this but the card is kind of coming out for you guys. I feel like I'm taping it, but We open up a mat there you go, man All right Gold standard Cam Chancellor to 25 got Andrew Luck to 99 Sony Michelle Goldgear Got for the Cowboys golden pairs Prescott Ezekiel. Yeah, then you got another 250 points Zach Bong For the New Orleans Saints and we got Devon do Varnay Jersey auto All right guys last box of the mixer guys again if you guys missed out on this mixer We have another one on the website. That one has some bounties. It's just pretty cool With some break credit and we got a three color patch Joe Burrell's backup, maybe yeah Ryan Finley 124 out of 199. Well, there you go Evan played to the whistle There's a little bangles here right at the end. Alrighty guys appreciate it I've got a top of a couple of these autos and relics, but You go a quick recap right there as well 101 Andrew Villanueva The Q Harry to 25 Got a far three color patch Jordy Nelson one out of five A nice flash card right there Pen pals Len Dawson Kenny stills in that Barclay We'll delve back. I'm junior redemption Cody Kessler now guys, what we'll do is We'll give away these hits all three of them trying to cover up the barcode and We'll just give it all in one lot. So someone's gonna win something extra right here. So the two 50 points and the school pride There you go. So good luck. Let's just grab the teams and let's see what team which they get an extra hit It's Roll it and we got a six and a four for ten times one two three four five six seven eight nine Ten Houston taxes. So there you go. Not sure if I called your name mark the hues in Texas What an extra lot right here. Appreciate you guys and again the other mixer is on the website guys and We are down to a five left and then you can win some spots in that little Absolute football box. Pretty sure you guys jasmu's case breaks.com


Okay, folks. Larry Pesavino for TFNN. We're going to change gears here a little bit. I'm going to look at Dr. Copper. It has the, what I guess the idea is that how Copper goes, how goes the stock market. And as you can see here, we topped in January of 2023. And we're sitting right at a big ABCD pattern right here at 412 as we are sitting here today. But if you look at Copper, you've got to go back a long way, folks, and look, we used to be at 504. And all we're doing now is we're sitting at a 50% retracement here. I mean, this is very, very interesting if this means anything. You'd think demand for Copper would be going through the roof with demand supposedly and everything else, but so far that has not happened. Now you notice at this spot right here back in February, just look at it real quickly. This is a weekly now. You can see the ABCD pattern coming in here. We're going to draw it in. Our good old favorite.  We had to pay attention to them. So that's what we were looking at right here. Then the market went up and made this a new high. So it's going to be interesting what happens here this week. We're up quite a bit on the week. We're up 22 cents in Copper, which is a really big amount. That's one of the things that we're watching. Our guest today hopefully will be Jim Bartolioni of Bart's Charts. I got a little bit of a cautionary note just a little while ago because he might be swamped given the fact that we have so much volatility in some of these markets and he's heavily involved in these. So as most of us are and we'll see what's happened, but we had some things that we looked at last night. I'll be happy to share those with you when we come up for the regular show and we'll see what we have going on next week. We should have and I'm saying should with a very, very qualified. We're going to have Shane Smollion, hopefully, and then also Mr. Fibonacci himself, Joe Denapoli, and we'll we'll see what Joe has to say on some of these markets that we're looking. We've had a pretty big break in Crudall today, about 6%. And this is the first time the rally back has only been 382. Well, how do you do Mr. 382? We'll even take a look at that to see if that's going to hold up or not. So stay tuned. We're going to have a show coming up. We're going to share some charts that we're looking at. God bless. In the world of trading, only a few


Hey guys, how you doing? This is your boy Rich from Rich TV Live and you too can join the club at richpicksdaily.com where you can learn how to win and trade. Guys, how you doing? This is your boy Rich from Rich TV Live and richpicksdaily.com where you can go and join our trading club and learn how to trade stocks and cryptocurrencies. And have we told you how much we love Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology speaking of blockchain technology? One of the greatest things you can do in the crypto space in 2022 is stake your coins, ADA cash has just launched staking and a pretty cool dashboard. And we're gonna show you what it looks like. We've got 4.25 billion ADA cash to stake and we've got rewards that we're going to be earning almost instantly live on our dashboard. Let's take a look. Okay guys, this is the ADA cash.io website. ADA cash staking is now live and I'm gonna show you guys on my dashboard exactly how it literally works in real time. The max amount of ADA cash you can stake is 200 billion. It also has very dynamic API. And when you stake ADA cash you harvest sole cash, which in return you still earn your rewards from the stake ADA cash in BEP 20 pegged ADA and also BEP 20 pegged sole cash. So it's pretty wild and this is the total rewards paid in ADA and these are the total rewards paid in Solana. Pretty cool. You can see sole cash total rewards paid, $884 Solana, which is $86,366.96 and ADA cash total rewards paid in Cardano, ADA, $1,469,508.52, which is $1,401,877 Cardano. So you want to learn how to earn passive income. You need to take a look at ADA cash. We feel like it is extremely undervalued, under-appreciated and under-exposed. This is what it looks like when you want to stake. So let's just say you want to stake, you go to the homepage, click on stake on the top right corner. It's gonna bring you to this page here. All right, so I have a 4.25 billion ADA cash that I want to stake. You can see the staking APR, 0.4211% annualized. You can see the total staked and you can see the TVL over 1 million. So what we're gonna do is we're going to just hit approve right here, click on approve. We're gonna put the max balance and approve it to stake. And I'm gonna give the permission to my MetaMask, confirm it. It is now approving the transaction. Boom, approve ADA, confirm staking. Approve ADA, got it. All right, there's the transaction on BSC scan. Overview, all right. And confirm staking. I'm gonna hit confirm staking. And once again, I'm going to confirm it and approve it on my MetaMask. Boom, stake 4.25 billion ADA cash. We can see this transaction is there, bam. Stake balance, 4.25 billion ADA cash. Total balance of $186.86. You can see the rewards. Soul cash so far and ADA and Solana, none yet. And if we wanted to claim the rewards, which would be in Soul cash so far, all I had to do would be to click claim. All right, so we are staking 4.25 billion ADA cash. And as the rewards come in, we'll let you guys know exactly what it looks like. Where you're now staking your ADA and you can literally see my amount here on the top right, stake balance and ADA cash, 4.25 billion ADA cash, which is a grand total of $186.75. I literally just did it minutes ago and my Soul cash rewards just continue to grow. And this is pretty exciting watching this grow. So as these grow, I can claim them if I choose to or just let them compound and grow. So there's no tax to stake or unstake. The only fee you have to pay is the Binance fee, BNB fee to confirm the staking because you are sending the ADA cash to the staking pool. This can't be changed. And this is part of the BNB Binance network fee. The staking pool is for three years. And of course, you can claim your stake earns anytime you want, but it is advised that you let it accumulate because this isn't that much. So you wanna give it some time to accumulate, but you can see that while we've been doing this video, the rewards have been growing and it literally grows in real time. So it's pretty wild. And it's just like having money in a savings account, accruing interest over time. So huge, huge, huge exciting time for ADA cash and look at your Soul cash rewards literally growing and excited to see the ADA and Solana rewards also grow so that I can claim those rewards as well. Love to know what you guys think of this video. You like the video, please smash the like button. Comment down below, share the video everywhere and subscribe if you're alive. I must remind you that Rich TV Live is strictly for information and education purposes.  Investing is extremely risky, but this is a program and a platform that we think is extremely exciting and we believe it is undervalued, under-appreciated, under-exposed, love to get your feedback on the video. If you do like the video, smash the like button, comment down below, share the video everywhere and subscribe. And if you'd like to comment on the video, go into the description of the video, comment on the video, let me know what you guys think. If you have any questions about staking, please let me know. I'll do my best to answer all of your questions as well. All right, so once again, you can go back to the website, adacash.io, and you can see here, ADA Cash Earn Passive Income, a revolutionary new token that earns you ADA Reflections just for holding on each transaction, 10% is distributed between all holders as Cardano every 60 minutes dependent on volume. So we will keep you updated on our rewards and our staking as it happens. Thank you guys for watching. If you're not winning, probably not watching, we bring you the winners just like ADA Cash and we bring them to you first. Thank you for watching everybody. This is Rich, Rich to be live and I'm out.


Four of them have gone to the police station. Tope Singh, Kabir M, Mary Lingdo, and Vishal Tyagi. Fourteen days, police demand approved. Sir, what's C for? C for Chakri. C for Chutia. I don't get it. So Kabir M, what do you think of him? He's a good actor. Wait a minute. He's a good actor. Chitrakoot almost wanted a youngster. Whoa! He's napping. He's handsome. This looks intense. 45th murder. Ow! Kabir M, what do you think of him? There's someone who's destroying the evidence. The connection with Chitrakoot. Gawala Bhai. Master Ji. Is there any connection? CBI is transferring the case to us. Thanks to you for coming. You're suspended. My wife must be thinking of getting married to Chutia. Ramakrishna! That's what the guy said. Everyone will say this. As soon as the case is solved, the case is very important for me. Sir, half of my life, I've seen in the eyes of my father that his son is Chutia. I don't want to see the rest of my life in the eyes of my son. That his father is Chutia. Jain sir. Whatever you say, I'll do it. They cut people's souls. And they cut them. Holy poop! Come on! That was incredible. I want to watch that now. That looks right. That looks fantastic. Also, I was riveted. Is Anyard Tashi associated with this? Because it seems like he should be. You read my mind. I was going to say this feels like an Anyard series right here. This felt, I mean, because obviously Sacred Games, we've seen him, the main star on that. Forgive me for not knowing his name or how bad he was in Sacred Games. But it had a very the raw just intensity that one character, that guy looked like a character Nawaz could have played, you know? There was actually quite a few things that it seemed like there were almost homages to Gangs of Wasiper. Yeah, that's the other thing. It was very on your own kasha. A lot of the beatings that Nawaz did. And then also the guy with the Shaw over his head. That's a pretty iconic thing from I believe it's Gangs. Gangs, yes it is. And obviously it's a common thing but in my head it seemed like it was almost an homage to Anyard. But yeah, I don't see anybody but they don't have a lot of the producers listed here. The creator of the show is Sudik Sharma who has a credit for put a put a good job. Oh, NH10. Was he the but I'm looking to see because remember we've seen some things like what was that movie we just saw that we loved so much from a brand new director but it was the one was Vicky Kashal's first film. Masan. Thank you. Yes. Remember, we were not surprised by the fact that that director had been a part of the creative team working with Anyard Kashyap. This guy that's the creator of this did write NH10 which is starring Anyushka Sharma but I don't think you remember watching a trailer but it was like a pretty intense trailer where this girl was like beating up on some people and it seemed like almost like they were trying to abduct her, I think. I ain't gonna ring it about. But NH10, it's highly requested for us to watch. But do you want to read the synopsis real quick? Yeah, hold on, let me, I'm not, I'm on IMDB but I gotta get over to IMDB pro and put in the show show is ah, go back up. I'm just gonna copy that and paste it. Hey, there's a train outside. Apu, is that you? I still do that. I hear a train, I say Opu, and if I hear a crow, I say Bran. Okay. I am there now needed, which is very good. It's very short. This show is inspired by the ancient realm of Patalok, Dar-ti and Swarg, along with which it delves into interaction with four states of democracy. Awesome. Yeah, it looks phenomenal. Which obviously Patalok, Dar-ti, and Swarg are the three realms, the heavens, the earth, and the nether regions. One of the main actors is, it was in Gangs of Wasupur one of the main people. Oh, and the guy that we know from Sakhar Gams, Nierja Kaby, who we've seen him in quite a few things now because he's always really, really good. He's always good. We've seen him in several things. I remember, obviously, he was in Sacred Games. He played the chief. Yeah. And what else did we see him in? I feel like there was a later film we saw. Yeah, I'm looking on his anyway. I was riveted. Yeah, this looks real, real good. Yeah, you guys let us know more about this. It comes out, I believe, it's at the 15th of May on Amazon. Yes. My data proves. It's only nine episodes which is standard now for shows. Which, that's amazing to me because remember the days, if you look at the episodes for like, and I grant that this isn't a sitcom, it's a drama, but Cheers had like 22 to 25 episodes a season. 24 episodes was a normal season for the show. Yeah, Raisin Adam. 24 episodes a season. I think people found out that if they focus on less episodes but higher quality people would appreciate it more as opposed to just more episodes, but it also goes to because the reason it was 24 episodes is because they were on networks and networks wanted those that amount of episodes for that amount of weeks because they had, they wanted those. They had the turning plot and they had to put it in the thing and they also a huge reason for a lot of shows these days and I think people would be surprised that even shows you wouldn't even realize it, there's so much CGI post-production in so many shows now that it requires for some shows they require more post-production time than they do actual filming time. Yeah, most actually, I think. Exactly. Because post-production takes a lot longer with CGI than filming with actors. Anyways, but yeah, that was awesome. Like what we do, I mean we film but we do these months in advance on all of the CGI we have to do after. That's where the dragons come in usually. Let us know what you thought of it down below and what you think about it.