Okay, it gives me great pleasure to introduce Robert Schuer, Ben Janssen and Jan Bart de Friede. Some thoughts about sustainable OER. It's all about ownership to continue our theme on sustainability. Good morning. After me Robert will take over and then the last one, the last man standing is Jan Bart. The three of us are active in the field of OER for some time. Some months ago we sat together and asked the question, what about sustainability? I'm glad that the previous speakers have already tackled this problem. We will do that from a different angle, perhaps it's complementary. We start with, this is our Jennifer today. We start with giving a frame of reference, our departing from experience and theory. And then we come up with the question of ownership, a question, an issue that in our opinion has to be tackled too. And then we, Robert will dwell on this aspect of ownership and then Jan Bart will present some details, some details about projects longer enduring already in the Netherlands. So our frame of reference for the issues of sustainability and ownership consists of the following notions, the notions of David Wiley on sustainability, I will elaborate on that. OER is Public Goods also developed by David Wiley, OER is Common Pool Resources, it's an idea of Olsen, Professor Olsen and OER is Digital Comments. It is an idea elaborated by Schophausen in her latest PhD thesis for Gegean. Sustainability, we highlighted the elements we think are vital in discussing sustainability. It's about enduring, it's about accomplishing goals, what are we doing, for what and why and longevity beyond the phase of projects initialization. Here we are, OER in our opinion are Public Goods, non-excludable and non-rivalous. They are digital comments, meaning they are managed and maintained by community of users and producers and they are Common Pool Resources, meaning goods that typically possess a natural or engineered, and I stress the term engineered, system of non-excludable resources. They are communities of users and producers involved, it is a process of commenting. And then we start with the elaboration of the question of ownership, Robert. Thank you, Ben. Well the question of ownership, you have collections of open educational resources. And as using the terms from the previous slides, the goal about sustainable is this ongoing ability, this ongoing ability that after the project has ended, the initial project that you sustain, realizing this enduring value, so value continues, not only for instance the OERs you have created during the project phase. And ownership is taking this responsibility to create and sustain this enduring value. So, enter, okay, no, oh, this enter. Well about sustaining value, the term business models has already been mentioned in a latest study in 2020, Trilly and others have done a literature review about what business models are currently used in actual OER projects. And they came up with this complete, with this list of models, and we will focus on the last one named here, and those are those community-based model, and there are some examples they use in their paper to illustrate this model. And actually, this last model, community-based model, it is about ownership. It beats finance in it, a feeling of ownership, people taking responsibility to and feeling this ownership of educational resources is much, maybe much more important than the finance part. We don't want to say that financing is not important, far from this, but this ownership is much more important. And I think Jan Bart will illustrate that in a case he will present. And what is this community-based model? We have here a couple of characteristics of it. So it is the members of the community, they jointly take the responsibility for production and maintenance. It is the variations, there is a variation that you also give students a part in it, and then you come to the co-creation part, as in the first example in the first lecture in this session was presented, which we call under the umbrella of open pedagogy, the student connectedness, and there is also non-financial incentives needed. And those non-financial incentives can be very broad, it can be also very personal, and so, for instance, recognition is needed. The desire to see one's own material improve effectively. I create a resource, I put it in a pool of resources, but it has to be maintained and it should have been maintained effectively and efficiently, and that for me could be the reason to share my resource, because I don't have the time to do that. And a sustainable community, we use this model from Bucher and Raub, where there actually are two dimensions to consider. You have the benefit level that could be at individual or at organizational level, and you could have the amount of managerial support. And for sustainability of community, it is important to be on the right side. And it could be that during the project, you start as an incubator, this business opportunity network, a lot of those initial OER projects have test characteristics. We want to experiment with OERs, but during this project it is important to shift to a best practice network, so that this sharing of knowledge that actually is done in using or reusing and sharing OER is becoming a sustained institutionalized and then get the attention of management. Because then this, well, then you get this attention, and this will give you the managerial support, which is needed to sustain, to get the right conditions to, and so it is the business opportunity network and the best practice network. Summarize, central here is ownership, and all the things we have mentioned is put in this scheme. It is needed for the sustainable OER initiative, a professional community takes the ownership and is a type of business model, and there are conditions needed, and some of those conditions are put in this, so for instance recognition is needed, the experiencing value, it should be fairly experiencing, both for management and both for the participant to take this ownership. And Jan Bart will illustrate this with a case. So all that remains is just putting all this into practice, which is obviously really easy. I do have enough time to elaborate, so that's good. So I work for Kennesnet, which is the equivalent of SERF for primary, vocational, and secondary education, and we have a product called Wikivice, which basically is a platform for searching, sharing, and creating online content educational resources. We have at this point more than 150,000 creations on our online platform, the creation platform, and the rule is everything has to be shared CC by SCC by SA. We have about 6 million visits per year directly to our platform, but because everything can be exported in EPOP, PDF, IMS, QTI, whatever, there's a lot of local copies going around the learning environments, which are much closer to the students, and therefore can present the content in better ways. So we're still trying to uncover one of our key success factors of how much of that content is played elsewhere. And we have our search engine is also a central search engine, which runs the same backend, which is used for edu sources for the SERF. So we have one large repository, referratory with 80 plus collections, and everything is open licensed and available, including the software, but not really recommended to install it yourself. Now that the promo talk is done, giving you a little bit of context, how do we apply these concepts of ownership to what we do at 3QI? We've been doing this for almost 12 years. For example, we facilitate communities. And the first thing we do is we talk to these communities about, what is your definition of quality? Because every educator has their own definition of quality. One of the main reasons to start a community is to actually say, well, we think there's something missing in the current landscapes. We want to create something new. So we asked them to define what is to you is a pearl, a diamond, what to use a lemon, what is your quality of your definition of quality? Step two, really dumb, really simple, create a homepage. Put photographs on there, allow people to see, this is my place. This is my place where my peers and me to get our work on our collection. That homepage links directly to a search subset, which is all the stuff that this community has created or has curated. We make it possible to apply that quality definition with a certification system. It sounds very formal, but it's actually, it says recommended by. That means any learning material by any community can be recommended or certified by another community saying, okay, this is also a mandatory definition. So if you go into our homepage, into our subset, you'll find our set of materials which we have either created ourselves, discovered ourselves, or certified ourselves. And it's all about them. Another simple example is we recognize creators and we recognize owners. There's two different things because we also have, of course, the collection owners which are encouraged to share their materials. But we would also like to recognize the creators. A really simple example, I'm not sure how many of you still have contacts with primary schools, but in Netherlands primary schools have what we call a teacher room. And a teacher room is where the teachers hang out. This has got to be in every culture room. And complain about the students, or sorry. They talk about the greatest achievement of their students. Sorry, misspoke there. And what we do, we try to identify teachers who've created something nice. We call their, the director of their school, the principal. And we tell them, we want to send a cake to that teacher room. And the director goes, why? And I'm like, well, they made a really nice thing and we want everyone to recognize them. We want to sort of spotlight that. Almost every time that principal comes back and says, oh, we're really in for this. Please send the cake on that date and I will be sure to announce that we got the cake and I'll give a little speech. And within that school, that person all of a sudden is recognized. Wow, everybody thinks other colleagues will be like, did we get cake thanks to you?  These are all small things. We have thousands of these examples, I think, across the world. But we should be really practicing or exchanging these ideas as well. Another thing is we try to separate the metadata from the creation of the content itself. If you write content, it usually has a specific learning goal. But if another person looks at it, it says, yeah, but you're really, this explanation about volcanoes is also applicable to this other audience for this other goal. I can add a second record, we call that metadata plus, meta plus. We can add a record making it part of my collection and making it findable under the terms which my community will recognize. So these are all small examples of ways in which we feel that we want to create that ownership of not just the learning materials themselves, but also the metadata, but also all the aspects which go around that ownership which gives them credit or which promote their ownership of the entire concept. A good example finally is, most of you have probably seen something called Wikipedia. It has an article which is written by a lot of different people. And all these people take credit and okay, I feel partially responsible for this article. In education, in the Netherlands at least, it's slightly different. I would like to have my own lesson. So every lesson plan that's available, every OER that's available in VQIs, you can press the copy button, you'll immediately get your own copy. You can adjust it, you can fill ownership. With regards to the earlier speakers, you can actually say it's a regenerative process because I take something that is 80% correct from my context. I adjust it, move on with it. And the next person can even copy that and move on with it. And we're thinking of ways to make those changes available back to the original author. Like, other people have changed your OER and have changed this. You might want to adopt those changes as well. You can also subscribe to changes from the original author and say okay, changes are made by the original author. I can either adopt those or I can ignore those. And those are all things like, this is my material, I need to teach with this, so therefore I need to fill ownership with this. Enough time for questions even. Wow. Thank you. Yeah, I have a question for Jan Bart. I think it's great that you're sending cakes to schools to reward teachers. But isn't it essentially a problem that you as a platform need to send cakes and essentially tell the schools that their teachers are doing great work, right? So how in the long run do you feel that schools can take ownership of rewarding the creators and owners within their schools? I think it's an example of the dream of if you build it, they will come. I think we've all dealt with this. You build a platform, you hope people will use it. And then you have a marketing problem because they either don't know about it or they think it's too hard or whatever. So it's just a marketing issue which we're trying to overcome on the short term by these kind of incentives. But in the long term, we can already see a lot of schools banding together saying, oh, what we want to do is pull our resources and make complete learning lines for a whole year or whatever. And we'll invest teacher time because then it moves out of the sort of amateur circus to everyone, not being directly about the amateurs. But if you have one person within the school and he managed to spread that effect and a lot more people get infected by the bug and say, oh, I want to do this and they want to sort of curate a collection, that's the point where you can start doing things like sending cakes or whatever. But it really is a marketing question. Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you very much.


The game that I've been working on ever since the very first blended tutorial three years ago is finally complete. It's a short, sweet 15 minutes of action, where you play as a white blood cell defending the body against infection. That's it, that's the whole story. Nothing crazy, just a small burst of fun, and it's completely free, so if you're interested in blowing things up and saving the world for 20 minutes, then definitely try it out in the links below. Now the reason it took three years for me to make a 15 minute experience is because I really wanted the game to be in anime style. But there were literally no anime style looking assets available to download or buy. So I spent more than two years modeling, sculpting, rigging, animating, and guillotine gear, UV texturing, all the enemies I needed for the game. It took about two months per character, there are 12 different characters in the game, so 85% of my development time was just spent creating 3D characters and animations. So yeah, literally only 15% of my entire development time was actually programming game design. The rest of it was just creating the 3D assets. And because of that I didn't have time to make a new soundtrack, so instead I just used an old soundtrack that I had created for a previous game, but in the end it was a similar genre, so luckily I think it more or less kind of just worked out. So that's how the game was made, let's talk about how it's played. My goal was to make the player feel awesome for 15 minutes. But because I was designing it for the phone, I had to keep the controls super simple.  You can tap the screen to tell Exo where to focus her fire, and swipe the screen in order to control where she moves. Or if you're on PC, you just left click to aim and use WASD to move. Aside from that, everything else she does automatically. And she actually does a lot that most people probably will never notice, but I had a lot of fun adding anyway. For example, when the enemies are far away, she will use the standard fire instance that most of you are familiar with. But when the enemies get close, she'll switch to the center axis reloc stance that John Wick uses. She has different stances for different weapons, so center axis reloc for pistol looks different from center axis reloc with rifle. And she also switches between standard and reloc stances when holding two weapons. So here you can see the standard dual wielding, and the reloc dual wielding animations are slightly different. This has no effect on the gameplay, but I thought it looked cool, so I kept it in. Now, Exo has two types of enemy targeting systems. The first involves the aim box. Every time you tap the screen, that is where the aim box goes. Now, any enemies inside of the box become the primary targets, and they are identified by distance from the middle. So red means this enemy is the closest to the middle of the box, and thus becomes the true primary target. When there are no enemies inside the box though, her secondary targeting system comes into play. Instead of looking at enemies inside the box, she will instead start to track the enemies closest to her body, which again are identified by color, which keeps track of the four closest targets, but the primary closest target is always marked in red. When you reach level 13, you will unlock new left arm weapons, which allow you to dual wield two weapons at the same time. Now, Exo's right hand will always aim at the closest target to the middle of the locked box. However, if there are more than two enemies in the box, her left arm will always aim at the second closest target, which makes it easy for her to hit two targets in two different positions at the same time. She also has shoulder weapons that you'll unlock as you progress through the game, and they will automatically try to optimize and divide their firepower to cover as many enemies as possible. And all of this happens without the player knowing. You just decide where to shoot, she decides how to shoot them. You start the game out with just a pistol, but there are four other weapons that you can unlock as you beat missions and level up. The pistol is the standard weapon. It doesn't do a lot of damage, and it doesn't shoot very fast, but it has explosive shells that deal splash damage to enemies around it, which means one shot can damage or destroy multiple targets if they're weak. The second weapon is the rifle.  Unlike the pistol, though, its bullets do not have splash damage. The third weapon is the classic submachine gun. It's fairly weak and wildly inaccurate, but it has an extremely high rate of fire. Next, we have the staple of all survival games, the shotgun. Now, in my game, you have a laser blade for close range, so I had to think of some extra ways to make the shotgun more dangerous. But basically, every bullet from the shotgun is a one-shot kill, and each bullet is also explosive. So they deal splash damage to enemies around them, which also kill in one shot, which makes this weapon devastating up close but barely usable far away. And the final weapon is the sniper rifle. Now, the sniper is a one-shot kill from any range, and it shoots a little slow, but it has a lingering hitbox, but the hitbox is actually active the entire duration of the laser, and it will pierce through multiple enemies. So if you're good at lining up targets, you can take out multiple enemies in a single shot for lots of bonus points. And in my game, you can dual wield any two weapons you want, no exceptions. If you want to dual wield shotguns, you can go for it. If you want to dual wield sniper rifles, not a problem. I think one of the funnest parts of this game is just mixing and mashing different weapons together to see what works best for you. After all, the arm weapon, she has five shoulder or back weapons. The one you start out with is the classic minigun. It shreds anything in front of it and has an extremely high volume of fire. The second weapon is the grenade launcher, and it fires an RPG at the closest enemy and blows up a massive area with insta death. The killbox is actually as large as the fire, and it will linger until the fire is gone. Third weapon are missile launchers. They require no aiming and once fired, they will automatically hunt down any enemy they find on screens, and they have a little splash damage effect around each warhead. The fourth weapons are orbit cannons. These were designed to mimic the firepower that you see from bits or fangs or pods and Gundam, but they also retain their likeness from armored core. They swarm and hunt down a target, attacking it from all directions until either they run out of energy before the target is destroyed. And the final weapon is a deployable turret, which will stay in whatever position you launch it from and provide suppressive fire from angles that are too dangerous for you to defend alone. There are a few other things like a laser blade and special types of enemies, but you'll figure out those things in the tutorial. But yeah, that's the game. You just try and survive for 60 seconds while enemies relentlessly charge your position. There are 20 missions in the game, and if you beat the final mission, you'll unlock some extra abilities that add some cool new replay value to help you get higher scores than you could before. So if you get the chance, please try it out. Otherwise, as always, I hope you have a fantastic day, and I'll see you around.


Welcome back to our meds smarter lecture series where we're taking a smarter approach to preparing future physician Before we get started if you'll take just a quick minute and click that like button and also Subscribe and turn the bell on so that you'll be notified when we post new videos We're gonna talk about four different types of E. Coli here now and these are your E I E C or intro invasive E. Coli the E T E C Which is intro toxogenic E. Coli the E P E C interopathogenic E. Coli and E H E C intro hemorrhagic E. Coli So let's look at these four different strains of E. Coli and see how they present differently based on their toxins So intro invasive E. Coli or E I E C this is Is Going to be where the microbe invades the intestinal mucosa causing necrosis and inflammation So think of E I the I and E I E C meaning it's invasive. It's invading that intestinal mucosa Causing dysentery and we often see the same type of symptoms that we talked about previously with Shigella If you need to re-review that you can pause this video go back to a previous Lecture that we have done here and look at the Shigella clinical manifestations Intro toxogenic E. Coli or E T E C this produces a heat label toxin that is heat stable It's an intro toxin so intro toxin intro toxogenic the T is important here No inflammation or invasion is associated with it But E T E C causes travelers diarrhea travelers diarrhea is a watery diarrhea That's pit typically all you see with intro toxogenic E. Coli Intro pathogenic or E P E C E. Coli Has no toxin produced to it. It basically will just adhere to surfaces It will flatten the villi and prevent absorption So if we're preventing absorption in the gut, what are we gonna see? Well, we're gonna see diarrhea most of time This isn't children So with E P E C the P you can think pediatrics of diarrhea in children Then finally intro hemorrhagic E. Coli. This is the one that you most often see discussed and thought about when you talk about E. Coli and GI infections 0157 H7 is the most common serotype of intro hemorrhagic E. Coli Coming from most commonly undercooked meats and then raw vegetables Shiga like toxin here can actually create hemolytic remick syndrome or H us Do you if you remember hemolytic remick syndrome has a triad to it? The triad is anemia thrombocytopenia and an acute kidney injury or aka I all that's gonna be due to the Microthrombi that forms around that damaged endothelium giving us mechanical hemolysis platelet consumption and then that decreased renal blood flow So what do we see with E H E C? Well, this is causing dysentery The toxin alone causes necrosis and inflammation to give us dysentery It doesn't ferment sorbitol where all the other E. Coli do ferment sorbitol So now we discussed we have E H E C. So the H we remember for hemorrhagic hamburgers because it's passed on an undercooked meat and then hemolytic remick syndrome that has that triad of anemia thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury If you found this material helpful for your studying Please like and consider subscribing to the channel also share this video so that more people can benefit from it like you have


Why whenever the church or Christians talk about pornography, they always talk about it in context to men and not to women. This is an interesting topic that I wanted to dig into today. So what I did was I booted up my mic and I'm sitting in the new podcast studio in my parents' basement. So thank you to everyone on Patreon that's helping support my ministry and helping me get out of my parents' basement and hopefully doing this full time one day. We'll get there. Thank you to everyone on Patreon. I wanted to talk about, yeah, why we don't talk about pornography in context to women and usually it's only focused in context to men. I've fallen into this too and I'll get into that a little bit later. But for now, let's just talk about pornography in general. I think this issue is one of the biggest issues of our day. I think about it and man, there's not a friend or even like myself, like we've all been impacted by it. But yet it's one of those things that we really scared to talk about because it is so, man, it's so disgusting. It really is. And it's so perverted. But yet so many of us experience interacting with this content. And so it is widespread, right? And the church is picking up on this. We're picking up on this fact that, look, guys are addicted to it. At least from a guy's perspective, we know we're talking to our friends. We know the impact that it has on our lives. So you have sermon series about pornography. You have these kind of cool, I don't know, these cool programs that are directed towards men that have cool names. Like, you know, I'm even got the Freedom Fighters t-shirt on here. It's like, it's very like masculine in terms of its approach of defeating pornography. Talk about a battle. Talk about, you know, being warriors for Christ and entering this army and all this kind of thing. Right. And so it's heavily directed at men. So why is it not directed at women? Why don't we recognize as guys that girls go through this, too? They struggle with this, too. I think it has to do a lot with purity culture, honestly. And I talked a little bit about purity culture in a past video. But what we're taught as guys is that, and maybe this is just me, or, well, I know this isn't just me, but maybe you didn't experience this, but we're taught that men are visually stimulated. Pornography, that makes sense, right? It's very visual, very graphic. But for women, we're taught that, no, they're more emotional, right? They're not visually stimulated, sexually stimulated like we are. Why do girls struggle with pornography? They're not interested in visual imagery. They're all about the mind. Okay. So I'm not a woman. So I don't know exactly how this all works out. And every woman is different. So generalizing is really not that helpful. But I do believe there's some aspect of truth to this. I couldn't fathom that there's not considering how widespread this is. I could be wrong. But there is some truth to this, I think. But not nearly as much as what is portrayed, right?  They're more relational and that kind of emotional men. We like the visuals and we got to watch it. Like, I don't know if that's how it started, but all I know is that we were wrong about it. So I want to give men the benefit of the doubt in some ways. I mean, I'm kind of in that boat as well because I talk about pornography quite a bit. And I, like in a video that I just put out on TikTok fairly recently, I address teen boys and talking about pornography and that kind of thing. And yes, I realized that adult guys struggle with pornography and girls struggle with pornography. But it's that kind of like as guys, we kind of want to hit the target that we think, I don't know, we can speak to, right?  And I don't think that's a bad thing. And I think that's a lot of what men in the church are Christianity. That's what they feel most comfortable with. They can speak to men about pornography, but there's a lot of questions about how to speak to women about pornography because we're not them. We don't know. So I think there's some fear, some trepidation, some just like ignorance in terms of how we're going about talking about this issue. I can definitely speak to that on my own part. But I think the best thing that we can begin with is that women struggle with this too. So now I want to speak to you. If you're if you're a woman that has struggled with pornography, maybe you you first came across it on a random Google search that kind of piqued your curiosity and you came back week after week and you liked it. But at the same time, you felt this deep sense of shame along with it. And maybe you went to church and a pastor mentioned pornography offhandedly directing it at the men, but he never looked in your direction. Growing up in the church, I think we're told that this just isn't a women's issue. Not necessarily exactly that specifically or explicitly, but we're definitely focused on men. And I think that trains us as guys and people in general to just think of this as a men's issue. And I think that does a lot of damage. I think that's one of Satan's tactics, honestly, because when you feel that way as a girl, if you feel like this is a guy's issue, then maybe you feel like, am I just that disgusting and perverted that that me as a girl who shouldn't be tempted by these things is tempted by these things? And that is that's just, man, that's so distorted, right? And that's one of Satan's tactics, I think, because he wants to get you isolated, he wants to get you feeling alone and and that you are so far out of God's grace that God could never love you or God could never save you or God could never help you. And also that that this is not a thing that is common. So you shouldn't speak out about it. You shouldn't lift your voice and say, hey, I'm struggling with this. Can you help me because you feel isolated? It's interesting how kind of Satan works in this dynamic because I've seen it where for young guys, it's like almost they're they're they're stirred up to look at pornography because so many of their friends are looking at it. And it's kind of seen as like a cool thing, like a good thing. And so there's that kind of communal aspect to the sin, at least for guys in a lot of ways. Not to say that there isn't like an isolating aspect. There definitely is. But it kind of is affirmed communally with guys. But for girls, it's kind of the opposite I've seen is that it draws girls into isolation and makes them feel that much more alone. And that kind of stirs up this cycle of just self-hate and confusion. And isolation and it's very it's troubling. So a couple of things I'd like to say to you girls that are struggling with this. And I don't have all the answers.  But if you're watching this video, most likely you've heard a lot of people talk about this. You've heard all the stuff about accountability and and how we need to, you know, pursue purity in our lives and and all those sorts of things. And I don't think that's what you need right now. I think a lot of the times we just need somebody to say, look, I see you. I know you're struggling. I know this is difficult. You're not crazy and you're not so far out that that God could never love.  That you would find freedom in him. I was reading this verse from James four. It's James four, seven to eight. It says, submit yourselves then to God, resist the devil, and he will flee from you. Come near to God and he will come near to you. How amazing is that? Because I think our sin, it it creates distance from us and God. And then the shame kind of perpetuates that distance in our mind. And it causes us to kind of move further and further away. But what God is saying, come near to me and I will come near to you.  And I totally believe I firmly believe and I've talked to so many people about this, that are struggling with this issue. And I tell them the same thing. I believe that you can find victory over this. You know, I definitely experienced victory in my own life. And that doesn't mean it's not a temptation. That means that doesn't mean that it's not a not a struggle sometimes, but it does mean that that with God's power and presence in your life, that you can overcome these temptations. And that's that's the that's a future that I would hope for you to have. And if you want to go deeper in this issue, if you were feeling like, hey, I would like some more practical steps that I can take, I'm going to link a video down below and maybe even in the card somewhere.  And it's going to help you walk through some of the steps you can take to overcome pornography. Thank you again to everyone on Patreon who makes what I do possible. It is such a blessing. God bless each one and every one of you. And thank you for watching. Leave your comment down below with your own story. I would love to read it and God bless, guys. I'll see you next time.


Is movie over yet? No, it's still going. All right Hey guys, this is my review of Red Sparrow now. Honestly, I I couldn't didn't want to see this movie, but it was a Tuesday and I wanted something to do So I went and saw it a lot of people were thinking that this movie was going to be salt and It's not it is not salt at all Because this movie is about basically It is about spies, but it's about spies who in a sense are Sexual sirens in the sense that they will seduce they will manipulate They will mislead they will mistrust they will deceive their targets all the while reporting whenever that they learn from their targets through Whatever means possible of getting to that information the movies about Jennifer Lawrence this character Who is a ballerina who is injured and has to try and take care of her mother? So by doing so the only way that that is possible is going into this program through her manipulative uncle's ways and What is happening on the side of Jill Edderton is that he has a format within the Russian High Command and He has a small and inadvertently Jennifer Lawrence is tasked with meeting with and manipulating Jill Edderton to find out who the mole is and There's a few things that this movie does pretty well I'll admit Jennifer Lawrence is pilot guys actually pretty good in this movie considering the amount of Adult and very awkward subject matter that happens for instance.  She Takes the power away from the guy who's supposed to be With her and she turns it back on him all the while Apparently appearing to lower all the defenses by taking off all of her clothes But in the end she has regained power in the situation and it's very Very interesting when you watch Chris duckman's review. I remember him saying there was a lot of awkward scenes one of them with Mary Louise Parker in it who is in it, but I Don't know whether he kind of Pacified the whole thing for me, but I only found two scenes somewhat awkward But otherwise they were more intriguing than awkward and the reason why I say intriguing is because this movie slow It's two hours and 20 minutes long and it does not need to be It's not as slow as atomic blonde was but it is slow and I will give the editor credit You can tell he is trying his damnedest to Cram this movie together, but in a coherent way for instance I am I bet you this movie almost had a running time of three hours Because this guy is cutting these transitions together like boom boom boom boom Oh, I can have a voice over carry on the scene boom Oh, I can have like dialogue and action being carried over from two different scenes overlapping each other boom I'll do it. He tried to make this movie Compelling and he's probably one of the best parts of this movie The editor is literally trying his damnedest to keep you entertained and it works to an extent that the movie just has a lot of lulls and there's a part in the very middle where this plan Turns into the main plot point of the story, but it's so Quickly rushed over. That's the one thing. I'll give it to him is he does this part too fast And it's none of its dialogue. It's all just things that Jennifer Lawrence is reading But you don't know what she's reading Well, you don't know what she's looking into because it's going over so fast And then it becomes the main plot point of the story and that's the first like all right otherwise Joel Edderton is In it Jeremy Irons He's in it, you know, you're supposed to care about the mother But the fact that she has such a little screen time.     I'm just waiting for this movie Dan Red Sparrow isn't really a bad movie, but it's not an enjoyable one in the sense of just somatic wise It really drags out its presence you There's so much thrown at you that you don't remember much like I just saw it last night And I don't remember much of what I saw other than some of the awkward scenes and It's just not that Whoo of a movie it's an interesting subject matter I enjoy that they went into the subject matter But in terms of a memorable experience It's definitely not gonna leave me with much of anything other than the fact that Jennifer Lawrence does some pretty risque stuff in this film Anyways, my final rating for Red Sparrow is a three out of seven. I don't know. I thought it was all right. I Would never see it again though Anyways guys, I hope you enjoyed this review and if you liked this video leave a like and if you're interested in more hit subscribe Anyways guys, that's all from me. See you guys next time


Why be F am I here? You know, we've all felt that way at some point in our lives and some of you might feel that way right now and it's okay. At least you're being honest with your emotions. Stay tuned and I'll help you get through this. Namaste, my name is Greg Prescott from N5D.com and today we're going to be talking about a question we've all asked ourselves at some point in our lives. Why did I incarnate into this chaos? Did you ever wonder why you decided to incarnate into these lower vibrations of the third density? When we were on the other side, back with Source, life seemed to be so easy. We had the answers to all universal questions and lived in complete vibration of love. There was no dissension, hatred, ego, or financial concerns, just love. After many years of being in this vibration, you forgot what it was like to live in a third dimensional vibration, yet you were fortunate enough to have been here in at least one other previous incarnation. And you remembered how your spiritual progression was being raised exponentially by being in a world of duality. You swore to yourself that this time you would not allow the lower third dimensional vibrations to bring you down.  But your memories of being with Source were once again wiped from your immediate memories as the third dimensional brainwashing began yet again. From birth, you were indoctrinated into a system that promotes subservience, control, and conformity. You always felt cognitive dissonance over this, but weren't sure why. It seemed like everybody else was conforming to this system and this is the way it was supposed to be.  As a child, you were taught how to play sports and learned aggressive self-serving behaviors that only reinforced the divine conquer mentality that is forced upon us by our societal expectations. You were pacified with mundane television programs that not only took you further away from who you truly are, but helped to influence what you thought, war, ate, drank, etc. As you grew older, you started to discover how corrupt this system has become on earth. Not only in your home country, but all over this planet. Difference at this point does it make. You begin to seek answers to questions that are not taught in school, such as what is the origin of human existence, and why are there so many opposing religions when there's only one source? You became trapped in a system that relies on monetary success in order to survive, making you an economic slave to the few that control the many. Knowingly, you became part of that system. So why did I decide to incarnate into this chaos? Every one of these situations gave you a chance to learn and grow spiritually. For a while, you simply forgot how these challenges would benefit you. You knew that at some point in this incarnation. You would awaken to find your true self, along with your purpose for being here. It seemed so easy on the other side of the veil when you were with the source. You wanted to make millions of sole contracts because they all seemed so easy to achieve while you're in the presence of source. Instead, you listened to source and ended up making thousands of sole contracts, which all seemed achievable in this lifetime. Some of these sole contracts involved people who you would only meet for a brief minute, but somehow they changed your life, or you changed theirs. They helped to lead you back to your path of enlightenment, or vice versa. While you may never personally know these people, you were best friends with them when you were back with source. Did you ever see someone for the first time and just know that you've known this person from somewhere? Chances are, you did know this person when you were back with source. Many times, we will have karmic debts to process and resolve. For example, if you were hit by your parents when you were a child, it's quite possible that you were the one hitting your parents in a previous lifetime. This gives us the opportunity to not only end this cycle of karma, but to forgive everyone involved, including yourself. The trick is to look at painful situations and ask yourself, why did this happen to me? You might not like the answer, but often times, but not every time, we invite these situations into our present lives in order to address unresolved karmic issues from past lives. You also wanted to come back to be part of the great awakening and the shift in consciousness. We are at a point in time where our planets are completing a 26,000 year cycle called the procession of the equinoxes. We are also at the end of a greater cycle in which our solar system has completed its revolution around its own sun called Alsion. You said to yourself, there is no way I'm going to miss out on this. Besides, you forgot what it was like to experience duality and polarity. In the end, this chaos has been an amazing experience filled with an abundance of opportunities for spiritual growth. If you willingly decide to come back here in another incarnation, look for this video. Remember, you are the light at the end of the tunnel. I'm going to wrap it up there. Thank you for watching this video. My name is Craig Prescott from n5d.com and n5d.net, sending you all infinite love and light. Namaste.


Investing is really not complicated. The basic framework for it is simple. Now then you have to work at it some to find the best pockets of undervaluation maybe or something. But you didn't have to have a high IQ, you didn't have to have lots of investment smarts to buy junk bonds in 2002, or even to do some of the stuff that was available when LTCM got in trouble. You really just had to have sort of the courage of your convictions, you had to have the willingness to do something when everybody else was petrified.


Nope, it's not just you. We all struggle with imposter syndrome sometimes, that little voice in the back of our heads challenging us, causing us to doubt our abilities, assume that at some point someone's going to find out that we don't know what we're doing. And that little voice ultimately takes up way too much of our rarely valuable time and headspace. So to help you, I've created and launched a brand new course called Self Mastery and that's designed to help you confidently manage your imposter syndrome, plus a number of other traits that have the potential to hold you back both at work and outside of work. My Self Mastery course will give you the confidence and the ability to effectively empower yourself and other people. It'll also help you overcome your desire to please other people all the time, perhaps manage your procrastination or your perfectionism and even get a better handle on any performance anxieties you might have. I want you to remember that you're smarter than you think, you're more respected than you realise and you're more agile than you know and this course is a hybrid course of on-demand videos, which means that you can fit them into and around your busy unique schedule plus membership to my online Agile Mastery community where you can connect with other leaders just like you to discuss and explore the specific nuances of Self Mastery as you are learning.


What is medicine, you know? It is a calendar. We went, remember? Granted, yeah, grand teetown also. I don't know if you so remember the bears and the, you know, baby bears. Yes. For all that, yeah. Thirty to sixty million buffalo was ranging on the land. Looks like I thought this is a miniature rhinoceros should keep up from somewhere in the dark. Okay now, do it now. Chuck, chuck, chuck. Okay. So you went to Fiji Mountains? All the different animals I heard, I saw. The Fiji Mountains, over from there we went to the medicine wheel on top of the mountain. One of the most spectacular rides that you can think of on the way to Yellowstone, then we came back. What is medicine wheel? Medicine wheel is on top of the mountain. It's more like a calendar, you know? A wheel with twenty-eight spokes. Well, it's unfortunately it's all very distorted now.  Where they could measure the moon's rise and moon setting and also maybe sunrise, sunset. Also probably for solstice, you know, solstice and equinox is very important in the Native American culture.  Some nearly ten-thousand-plus feet above the sea level. So we went up a lot of riding and then, you know, this huge motorcycle, very hard to ride on the gravelly roads. So we somehow went up and saw that and... But the ride... I did ride up on gravel roads with such a heavy motorcycle. That was just about three miles, I think, three-four miles. But rest of it was a spectacular ride, absolutely. Incredible ride, any more cyclist dream, that kind of road. Then were you able to read the time or...? No, no, it's all distorted. It's not a watch, it is a calendar. Anyway, the moon rise was so absolutely miraculous yesterday. We were just riding down and the moon was coming up out of the mountains, unbelievable. Almost full moon today is full, but yesterday was almost full. Today we are at the Crow Tribe Reservation. So we meeting some people there having a conversation with one of their medicine men and then seeing a very important battle, which is one of the most, what to say, successful battles for the Native Americans, which was a little big horn battle where they killed General Costa, who was aspiring to become the president of United States. So we are visiting that and then having this conversation and then riding on towards building in Montana. What was that, that singular rock you sent photos of? I think you were there for a few days because over a couple of days you sent me photos from there. Matotipila. Matotipila. Unfortunately they call it Devil's Tower. It is a very unique, you know, like a volcanic formation. That's something strange happened. It just came up and froze right there. It didn't flow over, it's magma. But the Native American people believe it's an ancient tree that was chopped off. It's like a massive tree, a mammoth tree because it very much looks like a tree trunk. When you look at it, it definitely very much looks like a tree stump, you know. When trees are chopped, how it looks, it definitely looks like that. But, you know, tree of that size would have gone up what, 3000 feet up into the sky probably. But that's not it. It's a volcanic formation but incredibly powerful. I found some strange things about it. We spent some time in the night. I'll be talking about it in the next couple of days maybe, hopefully. Right now there's no time to sit and talk and record. So we're gathering everything that we can and we'll go sit somewhere and record. So Grand Teton Lake also we're going through that. We went to Yellowstone so many. Yeah, we went to Grand Teton also. I don't know if you so remember the bears and the, you know, baby bears or all that, yeah. Yes, and just right there like not even, we were on the side of the road and it was just like a few feet away. This is another animal which came near the house that day. I don't even know the animal's name. It starts with A, you may know that. It seems it spreads leprosy but it looks like a tiny rhinoceros. It suddenly came off. I was standing outside and I was taking a call. I was walking up and down on a call and I find these two animals just come out close to me. They're not even shy of coming wild animals. They're like, you know, like raccoons but with somewhat scaly. Looks like I thought this is a miniature rhinoceros. It came off from somewhere in the dark. Oh, an armadillo. Yeah, armadillo, that one. Armadillo, yeah. It seems it spreads. Oh yeah, I think you told me this. It was quite funny. I've never seen that animal before. Oh, you saw the bison. Yeah, yeah. We saw the bison buffalo roundup. It's called about 1500 bisons but I don't know. It made me very sad. Such glorious animals being treated like domesticated cows. I don't know. I didn't like it. The governor of South Dakota, she's a lady. She also rode along with the riders and all that stuff. Can you believe this at one time? Somewhere between 30 to 60 million buffalo was ranging on the land. And by the time they finished with it, probably early late 19th century, I think there were only 325 left. There's a very famous photograph of all the skulls just piled one on top of the other. Can you imagine from somewhere 50, 60 million buffaloes to 325, just 325? If they had killed them, there would be no bison left on the planet.


Hello friends, so we are going to take up yet another method of solving quadratic equations in this session. So now this rule is called Sridharacharya's rule, Sridharacharya's rule. Now who was Mr. Sridhara. So Sridharacharya as you know, as you can understand acharya means teacher. So Sridhara was, or Sridhara acharya let me, yeah, so Sridhara acharya was an Indian mathematician somewhere around 8th, 9th century AD. Okay, that time you know Indian mathematician as well as Arabic mathematicians were getting you know involved into studies of algebra. So in this regard, Sridhara acharya's work is pretty famous and today we call the same thing as quadratic formula as well, quadratic formula. So this formula is very, very useful to solve quadratic equations. So now let us understand how to solve a quadratic equation using Sridhara acharya's rule. It is actually if you see it's pretty close to the methods which we have already studied. So in the last session we studied completing the square method and more or less resembles the same. So let us start with the method. So let us say we have an equation ax square plus bx plus c equals 0. This is a quadratic equation and time and again we have learned a cannot be equal to 0 and a, b, c all belong to set of real numbers. Now first step is step number one, you multiply, multiply, multiply both sides by 4a that is 4 times the coefficient of x square. So 4 times coefficient of x square right in this case it is a so let us multiply it by 4a. We will get 4a x 4a square x square plus 4abx plus 4ac is equal to 0. Okay second step is subtract 4ac from both sides, both sides. So what will you get? You will get 4a square x square plus 4abx plus 4ac which was already there. Now I am subtracting 4ac from here and this is 0 minus 4ac. Okay then third step is add b square to both sides, both sides. What will it be? It will be simply now I am simplifying simultaneously so 4ax square plus 4abx and if you see these two terms will cancel each other out so it was 0 here but now I am adding b square to both sides so b square minus 4ac. Now all this method, all this step will help me completing the square. So hence complete the square on LHS. Okay so what is it? It will be 2ax whole square if you see closely plus 2 times 2ax times b plus b square is equal to b square minus 4ac. Correct? So the left hand side is nothing but 2ax plus b whole square is equal to b square minus 4ac. Okay and we can call it this is equal to 2ax plus b whole square is equal to d square where d is equal to... So basically yeah d or rather what we can say is let it be d. Yeah instead of d square let we call it as d. So what is d guys? d is equal to b square minus 4ac. You will later see this is called discriminant. Okay so this implies I can write this as 2ax plus b whole square minus root d whole square is equal to 0. So I took this capital D on the left hand side and d can always be written as root d whole square. I am writing this for a purpose because if you see so this resembles a square and this resembles b square. So hence I am seeing a difference of square terms here.  So we will use this thing here. So hence using that difference of square thing I can write.  So these are two separate areas yeah. Okay so hence again we have seen this how to solve such... So hence you can simplify also. So it is 2ax plus b minus root d and it is 2ax plus b plus root d. Okay this is equal to 0. So hence what will happen?  That means either 2ax is equal to minus b plus root d or 2ax is equal to minus b minus root d minus b minus root d or 2ax is equal to minus b minus root d. So hence hence from here you will get x is equal to minus b plus root d upon twice a or x is equal to minus b minus root d upon twice a. Right? So substituting the value of b you can write under plus b square minus 4ac upon twice a or x is equal to minus b minus root b square minus 4ac upon twice a. Isn't it? So this is how you... This is what we found out as the solution. So solution R 2 1 is x is equal to minus b plus under root b square minus 4ac by 2a and other one is this. The only difference between these two is between these sign here plus here one is plus another is minus. So there are two solutions of the given quadratic equation. That is what is called Sridhacharya's method. So once again what is the rule? Multiply both sides by 4a then subtract minus 4ac from both sides then add b square to both sides complete the square and factorize and solve.


t and i'll come back to you in a moment if you want to Merity Sweeney uh Dr Joe Kelly um i mean you heard there from from Rachel i'm also was one of those that was a male carer just to put my cards on the table that really wasn't necessarily recognized uh in in the constitution because the reality is of life that it's not always a woman that can do it let alone uh whether it's by choice or not um do you want to focus on the carer's element of this Joe and tell us why you're advocating a no well first of all uh good morning to yourself and to your listeners and to the panel um and it's wonderful that democracies allow that we're having a discussion like this and we're given the freedom to articulate our views and that's most important in all of this today that this is a constitutional amendment and whether we're for it or whether against it the power lies with the people not the politicians and it's important first and foremost to say that people should vote and exercise their democratic right the most important political role in this country is the role of citizen and every person as a citizen should uphold that role by going out and voting whether it's a yes or no I'll be advocating a no no and let me explain what regards to the carers I mean we all have experience of carers and whether it's directly been provided for or not by ourselves and as family members I mean I had to care help to care for my father in in his uh autumn of his life so to speak uh you've obviously had a role as a carer as you said there Greg but it does not necessarily give and it's very clear in this this amendment gives no new rights to the carer or to the person being cared that's a fundamental here and it's a myth to try to project it that they will get right what they say is that they will strive now the same government is striving to sort out the maker crisis in this country the same government is trying to sort out many of other issues and the word strive is not good enough and so just to make it very clear this blue book is a constitution it's not a budget and the government have it within their remit every year annually at budget time to look after the carers and those needing care and they can do that directly through the budget and in fairness we have Pascal Dunhu and other ministers have acknowledged that this is not a budget book this is a constitution but are you not Joe in in in your statements though are you not saying really that you don't how it's not really about the changes to the constitution it's about the the the faith you might have in this government or the next government or any government actually to do the right thing by the constitution and is that really what is that should we really be thinking that far ahead in in in uh voting for change absolutely because you you've hit the nail on the head the very point of for example in the other referenda is the reference durable relationship and they've said the government have said so what is durable relation mean when you're asking so I would leave that to the court the courts to decide so we're not even deciding what the term durable relationship means it's left to the courts and it's not as if the judges sit down together and a big thinking and decide what that means it comes down to adversarial cases maybe one case is brought to the high court and then it's on that that the law is based so it's not as if the judges so we're we're giving away but it's okay but some might say that you but so you faith in the constitution but they're not the the legal system I'm going to go back to Rachel but I just want to tell you minute no no that's not what I said the constitution under article article five it lays out the order of the constitution the constitution if the language of it is that it's it comes with power power comes from god and then the people okay and for the people that end down to the legislator so the people are the primary people that own the constitution not the legislator not okay not the shattered so the people understood I want to give everyone a fair crack of the whip I'm going to bring Karen in a second but Rachel you just wanted to come back on something there more immediately yeah I just want to come back about you know what Joe was saying about like not comparing any new rights but at the moment in the constitution there is no recognition of care and the new wording it's not going to solve everything overnight but it's it is a step in the right direction it's a really important one because our constitution it isn't just a legal document it's our guiding document and it does give guidance to our legislators it's a reflection of our values and I don't know anybody who would say that the current wording in article 41.2 which Greg as you say you know is commonly referred to as the woman's place in the home I don't know anyone that would say that that reflects modern Ireland or our values woman's place is where where she wants it to be and buying care is really important and of course it's not going to change things overnight and we know that the state's record on care has left a lot to be desired um you know carers and and those of us who advocate for a stronger and better paid care and parental sports we know the struggle but we have an opportunity now to have this national conversation um this national platform to highlight and amplify these challenges it's a once in a generation opportunity Joe um this referendum hasn't come yet one moment Joe yeah and I'll come back to you Rachel but Karen has been incredibly patient and I know listening with interest as well Karen Kiran is chief executive of one family uh your views on the caring element of of this vote you also believe it do you Karen to be outdated sexist language we do but I I suppose I primarily want to speak to the family amendment actually um one family was set up as cherish back in 1972 many of your older listeners will remember they had a very big meeting at Glencombe Kill in the early 70s actually and um this was at a time when women who became pregnant and they weren't married were really forced more or less to have their children taken for adoption uh to leave the country or to be forced to marry and some very brave women decided that they were going to keep and raise their own children and then they you know started getting touched through newspaper ads and there were hundreds and thousands of people from all over the country in great difficulty and mostly because of the state and also because of the church and also because of families and what was done to those women they're the the fathers of their children the children themselves we know we are now making restitution to those people and for us in one family we've been fighting for this and our founders who are now women in their 80s those of them who are still alive have been fighting for this for 50 years this has been coming a very long time and what they want is recognition for their families in the constitution because what was done to many many people could not have happened it is completely out of step with families today over 43 percent of babies being born today are being born to parents who aren't married to each other so they may get married maybe they won't maybe they don't want to maybe they can't but it's out of step and the job of the constitution is to listen to the voices of the citizens to respect that and to reflect their realities so it is really really important that the family amendment which is about inclusivity equality it's building on other progressive referendums to include and see and recognize people so i'm thinking of mary from claire and she spoke at our launch and she's 83 and she said i really want my state that i love to recognize me and my son who's in his 50s you know before she dies there are people up and down the country did we did we not have a did you know sorry did we not though have a uh on the current constitution did we not have a ruling uh in the courts on the old wording of the constitution that would recognize that lady's son that you talk of do you mean the omara case yes no unfortunately not because that has to do with minor children so that's to do with the fact that john omara and his late partner had children who were underage in the department social protection decided not to recognize them as a someone who was eligible for a widow widower's payment so no that is not resolved in fact the omara case and he was dreadfully brave to bring that case and he had to do it with flag support actually and because it is a very progressive step and but it is is not unfinished business and the majority of the of the judges i was there in the court on the day said that their family would not be recognized under the current wording so no that's still an opportunity to remedy that and to bring all of these families into the constitution and they may never need to apply their constitutional recognition on a practical basis by old court but what it does mean is symbolically they feel part of something that up till now they have been excluded from. Mary T. Sweeney just responding there directly if you don't mind to Karen's argument in relation to the family do you do you see her argument as it swayed you in any way shape or form I think the listener needs to remember that the government have directed all of the government organizations the NGOs are not allowed to have their own voice in this they must vote that is not correct that cannot be allowed to be said that is not correct but Mary T. Sweeney is not important Mary T. That's potentially illegal to say that that is absolutely not correct be very careful what's being said here. Is it not important that we talk well you're not because I have to stand over it as well Mary T. so like I just want to distance myself from from you suggesting that NGOs are being compelled by government to make decisions you can say that on facebook or rex or whatever but just not here if that's okay but that's perfectly fine but also there are consequences to that now the problem is Mary T. I have you on the show regularly and I respect everything you have to say but it's going to come across as in all our interactions so far that I've been argumentative with you and I don't want to make that to be the case so rather than turning this into a referendum on government unless you want to can you talk to the substantive comments that we've heard from the likes of Rachel or Karen or make your own in your own time please Mary T. I would like to talk to the people that are really neglected and missed the golden opportunity that this government had for you people at home listening who are carers and many of you are getting no reimbursement from government in the role you provide the very very valuable role you provide looking after either an elderly parent a son or a daughter or a neighbor it can be no family member it can be a neighbor that you're just doing a good smart and turn and you're looking after the reality and the reality is that there are 15,000 and there between 350 500,000 carers across Ireland and we have just under 18,000 been employed in the private sector in Donegal as home care workers and over 5,000 of those employed by the HSE and I stood on the streets with those carers that are employed they were not allowed funding to even travel between houses which can be 30, 40, 50 minutes in traffic jams and letter canning the families that are doing it unfunded and families that are excluded because their husband or their wife who had a pension pushes them over the threshold to allow them to claim the 240 or 50 but in the context of the referendum though what does and in fairness I think travel now is to be included and carers are going to be given the living wages as far as more but that doesn't talk to the rest of the self you mentioned in the context of this referendum though why does that awful situation of so many carers that you describe lead one to vote no because over the reality the true reality for the people listening on the radio now is that over 80 percent of the care provided is by mothers and this is about a deletion of the word mother from the referendum and Rodrigo Gorman is quoted live on video saying that actually as as the minister the junior minister was the first that I read where he said minister Neil Richmond Neil Richmond Neil Richmond where he actually said that the role of this was to remove the gender to make it gender neutral Rodrigo Gorman said the whole role of this the emphasis of this referendum change was to make it gender neutral and that's tragic for women and that's tragic for the woman that should be identified and respected in their own right as women and that's you people standing at home listening and the sad reality can my eye finish please and the sad reality further extends to the fact that we are asking women to delete the role and recognition and respect for women and make it gender neutral which I think is a travesty and it's totally totally um it's a blatant disregard for the role that women play in society the role of a woman that differs from the role of the father or the brother and the reality is we must respect everybody individually okay now Rachel Rachel should amend their amend and include father include brother but not to delete the word woman okay now Rachel I think has to leave us shortly so I just want to give you an opportunity Rachel if you don't mind to respond to that and Joe I'm going to come to you and of course back to Karen yeah I feel like there's a lot to kind of unpack there keeping article 41.2 will do nothing to address the issues that you raise around carers and in actual fact voting no means keeping the status quo because at least this is a step in the right direction to recognize the care that goes on within families and the fact that we're putting it in the constitution means you know it's just as it's not a budget it means it mandates not just this government but every government going forward to support care and in terms of the the comments that you make around removing the word mother or women we're removing the limits that have been put on women and mothers in this referendum that's why we're advocating yes women do you know the word woman if you want to get technical it does feature in other articles in the constitution but in article 41.2 it's the only place where we're not placed on equal sitting with men because it says that you know working outside of the home is somehow a neglect of our our duties and yet no no supports were actually provided to women to to stay at home it's never led to any supports every case that was ever brought before the supreme court has failed and we've had 87 years of this and it's never led to a single progressive support and just as well to come I think this referendum hasn't come out in your word and it's not just the national women's council that are advocating for this women and and cares have advocated for decades about this and Joe you're a historian you'll know women protested this wording in 1937 because it doesn't reflect the reality of women's lives and you know we've had every democratic process we've had a a citizen's assembly that came to the position that article 41.2 is sexist and outdated and has to go and as we say like these things in terms of the rights of cares these things are not going to be resolved overnight but it is a step in the right direction it gives us leverage to say that Ireland values care and not just in word we're going to use this to demand real action real investment in care supports and we would argue sorry Greg but we'd argue that families can't meet care needs in isolation and the state the state there is a clear role for the state to support this we obviously have advocated for years around this so for us voting yes it gives a stronger mandate to this voting yes it gets sort of outdated and sexist language and finally insurance the value of care okay Rachel thank you very much indeed you can exit as you have to or if you want to hear Joe's response to you it's completely in your gift. Dr Joe Kelly just I suppose responding there to Rachel Coyle who's the head of campaigns and mobilization with the National Women's Council. First of all I think there's misinformation here from the start and I've been silent quite you know and giving everybody a chance to speak and it needs to be very clear that people the women and men of Donegal will get this very simply Susan Denham who is the chief justice of Ireland the highest lawmaker in the land made it very clear that article 41.2 does not assign a domestic role to a mother but what the constitution does is that it elevates her place within Irish society saying that the common good cannot be achieved without her good this is not and has been misused phrased by RT by ministers and by you Rachel it does not and I'm asking you to show me I have the constitution if you can tell me the page and the number and I'll read it out it does not say in this constitution and it's misrepresentation that a woman's place is in the home what it does say is that a woman a mother gives a unique contribution to our society without which the common good cannot be achieved and is that needed is that made it to the constitution Joe let me finish every human being has to come into this world through a mother's through a mother we are born through our mothers and our mothers gave us a unique contribution to our society and that is what our constitution says and if a mother should choose to stay at home then that she shouldn't be forced out due to economic necessity and that's what it says to say this is our cake to say this is not progressive is not true it doesn't say that and the chief justice I can't go any higher than the chief justice of the land the highest lawyer solicitor judge in the land that states that that's the first thing to say can I ask a question just in relation before you get on to the same situation do we have a situation now in this country whereby there are women who have poor or very little pensions that couldn't work because of how things were being interpreted and how their role was seen that effectively they became you know go on Joe you're you're again you're hitting the nail in the head and there's things Rachel I would agree with and with Karen and I don't think that you achieve a right by taking away somebody else's right you don't enhance the constitution by reducing somebody within the constitution by all means add in the cares but you don't have to reduce what's already there okay by all means add in the new understandings that we require but that does not mean that we have to reduce family reduce women and reduce mothers to a non-identity and this is really what the constitution is about it's a plan to make our mothers or women and the contribution they make to society you're just a non-person and non-identity all right and I think that's very very unfair you don't get rights by taking away somebody else's right rights and Karen both shaking heads and I want to bring Mary T back in again Rachel quick quick response to yeah just before I go like Joe if you could point to one progressive support for women from that article um I would you know merely agree with you but it didn't sorry it has never been to support not even that's not true that is not true and I'll name the support then please because no I'll name one my old good friend former MEP of mine Kathy Synod took the minister for justice to the high court minister for education to the high court based on that article the Synod case and she won her case and the judgment had relied on that article I think about like in terms of the protection I'm really unclear there like what you're saying there is by taking women out of the constitution as if women were ever protected by it me answer it you've asked me a question you've not let me answer it there are numerous examples in law and you can have listeners phone in and barters phone in where that article was used to back up and one cases for mothers in the home with special needs with various different things absolutely I agree with you Rachel it hasn't been maybe used enough and the government financially haven't coughed up enough I agree with you on that I agree with you that they haven't made the use of their budgets every year to pay carers okay to look at the goals they care for Joe sorry like just I mean sorry but in terms of the language that is there I'm sorry you can't argue in any way that it is reflective of you know the reality and the diversity it has had a limiting role and when you think like nobody could argue that the Irish state has treated women like you say with this elevated respect and support that never happened on that particular point I think the listener is going to have to make up their own mind because I can't see Rachel and Joe coming to coming to an agreement on that thank you very much indeed and as I say I want everyone to feel they're getting an equal platform here so I'm going to come back to Mary T after I get a word please if possible on those comments from Karen Kern and chief executive of one family yeah thanks I think we need to go back to think about real people so you know one family we have people in and out of our building and our services every day we have done for 52 years and we know what's really important to people and really a lot of people parenting on their own and and separating are worried about their housing they're worried about the cost of living crisis but it actually means a huge amount you know so we've had lone parents able to buy their own home get a mortgage and they've had to sign a disclaimer for the Family Home Protection Act we have people who they get a one woman here from from Finglas she has two children who are constitutional children and two children that are not constitutional children her children and families are not seen as equal by the state and really this is about enhancing family it's about sharing the protection and recognition of family it's not taking anything away from marriage it's bringing other people in and we all know what families look like and what families do they love they support they care they worry that is the work of families could oh I could that could that have been achieved though with a different word in Karen in other words that you know that there wasn't what some might perceive as a a a reduction in the important role a mother and plays and a woman plays but at the same time recognizing that but also showing recognition and changing the constitution that it includes the people that you you talk of because it seems to be that people feel that the the role of woman or women is being diluted in our constitution not that people are against the level of inclusion that you talk of well I'm speaking about the family amendment which is the 39th amendment so on a separate ballot form there is that opportunity to remove the very sexist archaic language about women's duties and just to say that only ever applied to married women it didn't apply to single parents it didn't apply to single mothers they weren't even imagined when the state was formed and it did nothing to protect them when they were made to be available for work and training by the government so let's be clear about who's included just to also say the susan danham quote there's two paragraphs and only one paragraph is being quoted and they're slightly at odds with each other and that was a minority view it did not ultimately help so we will have lawyers as joe has said with different views but this is about real people so let's support them there are discriminations between married and unmarried families there are discrimination between lone parents and two-parent families in our social welfare tax codes housing and and yet children live in all these families so we need to protect and support all of them and this is a really good start not the end point but a start to doing that. Mary T would you not like to see the the constitution more inclusive and to take account of the various groups and real life situations that Karen refers to there? With real language and clear and articulate language which is missing from this current document and that is the reality of it we have spent 200 million on this constitution that 200 million would have been better served building 100 homes for 150 families across dunnego it would have been far better served to serve those mothers and the fathers and the children of whatever family combination that they provide that's the reality of how much this referendum has missed that is an enormous amount of money in any term and the reality is that the lack of wording the the fact that the the T-shirt and layer for Adger, Rodrigo Gorman and Pascal O'Donoghue have thrown it back and said that the word durable will be interpreted by the courts which is putting another legal on us on all financial limitations on people that maybe don't have the finances to go to court that why was that clarity not explicit from the very beginning so that all the people at home listening could understand it we have the likes of as I say the eminent former attorney general Senator McDowell he's tearing this apart his video is up there to see and the reality is there's multiple other but he is he's he's one he's one semester the chair of the electoral commissioner's office of Supreme Court Judge Mary Baker clarified that the wording in the constitution does does not say a woman's place is in the home and that has been slandered and thrown around flippantly by so many of these women's organizations and the sad thing for me as a woman is that I think it's very sad that women are so quick to throw out the word woman from anything instead of adding an appending and an appendement to it to say with the other reality of what is their father or brother or own your view obviously then is is is it that women are more important than men Mary like do you believe women are more important than men though my case stated clearly that that the the cohabitant couples are recommended and recognize he was able to get his his with a suspension rightly so of course he was but we cannot throw out gender it is ridiculous to throw out gender and it was Roger Gorman that said that that he wanted to make this gender neutral and the sad reflection is they're just they're destroying the concept of family and home they're removing the word home if this goes ahead and we need the home we need a referendum on providing homes for families around this country with 13,000 homeless people and multiple people in Donegal desperate to have that first home now 200 million squandered okay and Joe I'm going to let you back in in a moment but Karen I think wanted to come back just directly on to something that Mary T mentioned there Karen yeah both of these amendments are really about including more people they're about including the men and dads who care as well as the mums and the women so this is about including them it's around including care in the family the broader family it doesn't mention in their home it because it's including that we have grannies and granddads and aunts and uncles who also provide care and it's really about you know people who end up going to the supreme court are in very vulnerable situations so they're very extreme cases so for most people this is symbolic it's around saying we see and recognize you and your family and a no vote or staying at home would be a complete rejection and it would be incredibly hurtful Karen mother retain the word woman mother is is is retain is isn't used in the constitution in other parts of the constitution this is a red herring what it's doing is bringing in everyone it's not even that it's gender-neutral it's just inclusive okay but a lot of people a lot of people don't like the fact that even if this is the only one instance of mother being like what i'm getting is a lot of people might go yes if there was additional language rather than what's been perceived as the removal of mother so in other words like just the language is around of the for the very very first time ever a recognition of care in family that's what's going in and that is the first time the work and labour of care and families ever been recognized and instead of taking something away it's actually including all the men and dads like yourselves who also provide care within the family so it's a progressive and it's an inclusive thing it's not taking anything away women are mentioned in other places but they're mentioned in equal status and standing in other places in the constitution so this is nothing to be afraid of this is a random bracing progress and providing a platform to build for future governments which could be married tea in her party to provide for carers i just wonder if this is getting caught up in the progress debate and if this would have 10 years ago it might be different joe you've been waiting patiently there look i mean there's things that that have been said there by carnet i can't disagree but you don't include people by excluding people you don't enhance something by unenhancing it and symbolic is it may be you're trying to make something symbolic by reducing the understanding of family by reducing the understanding of motherhood reducing the role of women can we not enhance what's already there and build on it and as you say include other types of families of course we live in a modern Ireland and a changing Ireland absolutely and why is there not room for them but that doesn't mean to say that you have to take away what's already there build them what's there and make it better but there are legal instruments already there and you know this very well under the statues enacted in 2010 to co-habiting couples etc various rights and the state have not and this is where the problem is and and and Karen i think you can accept it this much we do not know what the definition of durable relationship means so you're going to reduce and make no difference no differentiation between a marriage and a durable relationship so automatically and the attorney general former attorney general Michael McDowell has pointed this out this is going to have massive tax implications inheritance farms businesses pensions we do not okay just on that point and i'll bring my tea back in but i just want but you may just a really really big you can remake that in a second build on but there build on what's there don't reduce what's there okay and that's what we're being asked to do i get you something i don't want to miss you you made a number of things you made a number of things that might actually happen so that's why i wanted just Karen to have her word on that he's confusing what are you saying Karen i think i think you're confusing and the change at the removal of the sexist language of woman from the 40th amendment and you're confusing that with the enhancement of family in the 39th but just to say that the electoral commission which is of course the neutral body is saying that the family is found in other durable relationships means a family based different types of committed and continuing relationships other than marriage and what that means is that children and their parents unmarried families will be included for the very first time it will mean that granny's grandad aunts and uncles who are providing kinship care when the the parents of the children cannot help they will be included and it means that long-term co-habiting couples will also be seen and recognised and there was a very deliberate reason all of those have not been enlisted it's because it would then exclude somebody so Conor O'Mahony who is academic special rapporteur for chap techens says the entire purpose of the amendment is to move away from a rigid definition which is what we've got now towards a more flexible approach that accounts for the fact that families come in all shapes and sizes now we know who these families are we are these families 43 percent of children today being born to families not recognised in the constitution that's not okay Mary T maybe just because maybe Mary T just because you know maybe because just because at the moment 43 percent of children are what was the phrase you used born not to married families born to parents not married not married but you know maybe that's the direction that we don't want necessarily some people don't want to go that we should try and actually return maybe more to a situation where more children are born within the families and changing the constitution maybe makes that an irreversible trend is that a concern you have Mary T just finally i have a concern that we won't know what families are and also the elephant in the room is the people in society that are concerned about what is the family reunification and how far the remit of that will go in relation to the migrants coming in at this moment and in relation to the expansion of families at the moment a family is protected by our constitution extremely well as in being a couple and that's whether they're same sex or they're heterosexual the family unit the guidelines the laws are there to protect them when this blows up without the legal definition without clarity without any fences to tell us exactly what it means we have no concept of the idea of polygamous relationships where you can have four whites yeah but that's illegal in this polygamy is illegal in this country though regardless of what changes in the constitution but that doesn't matter for the courts the same as what's illegal but durable is yeah but polygamy is illegal okay that's fine all right the word durable is not clarified in law in writing that is acknowledged in this referendum polygamy in and of itself is illegal sorry the polygamy is illegal only because at the moment but there's nothing to stop it being challenged because of this definition in law in Ireland as we could you know already challenged the constitution to say that your constitution doesn't recognize my cultural right to have multiple white i mean could that not already be i don't know that word but presumably if someone wished to challenge the constitution Karen they could already do so if that were the will know well we have to all follow the legislation and there's legislation there for tax and social welfare and there's legislation around who a family is and the european court and human rights has been making judgments and similar to this since the 1970s there's nothing radical going to happen this is actually about real people this is about us our friends our neighbors our relatives who are currently excluded symbolically and otherwise from our constitution and saying you know what we treated you terribly for many years because you weren't married we ignored people we treated them badly and now is our opportunity to bring them in and people have voted with their feet okay you know people are deciding we just have to be quick quick we just get in there briefly just to mention one thing that has been avoided all of this debate and that is the online relationships i see a growing number of programs dealing with women and particularly and men engaging in online what could be contentiously called durable relationships and i see often the women or possibly the men being fleeced online by these what could now become durable relationships and it just alarms me of the vulnerability of our fathers or mothers or brothers or sisters forming these online relationships that can will they have inheritance right this is about real people yeah but this is about i think i think karen i think karen is talking about this dealing with people who are existence and real situations now rather than i think someone's saying what about rei i don't know it's up to uh there's no connection to this amendment that's just a red herring it's very unfortunate this is about real people let's respect the families that are out there that are currently excluded instead of bringing up red herrings about them red herring is the actual wording of this referendum karen unfortunately okay i have to wrap this up they're constitutional experts the attorney gathering and the attorney general okay i just want to agree with me the attorney general said durable is a more appropriate term to capture relationships between a child and their parents rather than commit it because committed can imply only the the horizontal or the adult relationships was very deliberately chosen and it is to capture the relationships between children and parents just want to give joe a joe a very positive thing just to make sure everyone had an equal amount of time though it is two and one and karen fair play to i do understand but listen it's still balanced out and we're all adults and it's a constructive conversation but joe just briefly uh wrap up from your perspective i think very quickly karen has hit the nail on the head she wants to reduce the constitution on the understanding of family and i'm not confusing the amendment uh the 38th 9th and the 40th amendment to karen by no means but my point is you don't make a good law by making another one bad you don't have to improve the constitution by making it poor somewhere else you can add into the constitution and a loose definition is not serving anybody and what i can understand is you've given us a definition of a durable relationship is yet nobody no minister in the government has been able to provide this i mean it's amazing how you can say that with absolute confidence when none of us can say that because it hasn't even saying what a durable relationship is okay i think we could and maybe there's a red herring because you cannot define what a durable relationship is because you're not a high court judge i think you're taking roles and honours on to yourself which are powers that you don't have that's the first thing the second thing which i think is very important to say about this michael mcdowell asked for the minutes and the meetings of the government on this discussion to be made available and he was told no that he wasn't allowed to see why the terminologies that we're debating today okay i'm gonna have to give karen just a quick response to that before we go one moment yeah but we don't simply don't have the time joe because the people don't need to know the people don't need to know where so the government don't like us and they think we're stupid this isn't we'll get it in 30 years i suppose karen quickly please sorry yes it just things i'm not a politician and i'm not an apologist for the government in any way my understanding is that couldn't be released because it might influence the referendum so that's that's the other point is the t-shirt whether you know i'm assuming he's got very good advice he's saying that a yes to the family and care amendments will bring a million people into the constitution that it will bring in unmarried parents and children it will include unmarried couples it will include kinship and family carers and that is a positive thing so that is what i'm listening to because the courts are for the future absolutely okay and it'll only be a very few vulnerable people but the politicians are saying this is what we mean this is what we're going to do mary t just you believe them or not believe thanks karen of course and that's the public so you've an event coming up mary t do you want to quickly mention that before you finish thank you very much greg and listeners if you're available and you want further debate come along on thursday evening a half seven to dillon's hotel and i'll explain in detail why i feel it's so important to hope no no right okay thank you very much all of you we'll be back with more after this break the nine till noon show with letter kenny credit union now offering mortgages from 40 000 to 600 000 euro with no hidden fees or transaction charges letter kenny credit union nine one oh two one two seven at leadle we've dropped the prices of over 600 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