Our society has gotten more and more complicated in the last 100-200 years. Our population has gone from just a billion to 8 billion. The industrial revolution has caused a lot of globalization and the most recent computing revolution has made civilizations knowledge be accessible at our fingertips. Our society has gotten a lot more complicated. The accidental mistakes that could be made, that send civilization into collapse has increased. We need to be more vigilant. We need to level up our wisdom fast. With all of these democratized technologies that make it easier and easier for malevolent actors to wield immense power for chaos and malevolence we need to level up our wisdom fast. How many embody that? How many of us know that? How many of us are sharing exactly that sentiment with other people around us? Hey guys, our world has gotten really complicated. We should probably make sure that we don't go through any civilization collapse moments like some of our ancestors went through. Okay, yeah that's a good idea. So then what do we need to put into place in order to ensure that? Well we need to be talking about morality a lot more. We need to be talking about philosophy a lot more. We need to be talking about ethics a lot more. Okay, well let's put these things in the center of our conversational spheres. Let's make sure that all of the people working on the most cutting edge technology across biotechnology, across neuro technology, across artificial intelligence and robotics, across all of these pressing fields. Let's make sure that the people at the edge work directly with philosophers, ethicists and moral scientists. Let's make sure that that happens. Let's make that a priority. The democratization of the technology enables a massive amount of creativity. It's gorgeous how many more people are able to unleash their creativity with these degrees of freedom. It's beautiful. Degrees of freedom are beautiful. They give people their ability to figure out their purpose more easily. There's more choices for you to figure out what your purpose is, where you fit into the world, where their children fit into the world. But the democratization of the positive aspects also comes with the democratization of the negative aspects and we have to win the wisdom race. We have to level up our wisdom to make sure that the malevolent actors that want to take the democratized technologies and use them for purposes of war, for purposes of corruption, for purposes of oppression, that they cannot do that. That degree of freedom needs to be looked at very, very closely and it can be completely, completely avoided through our ability right now to up level our wisdom ahead of time. The amount of examples of this about people that have saved civilization from mutually assured destruction and you can look at them. People like Vasili Arkhipov in 1963, the Cuban Missile Crisis, people like Stanislav Petrov in 1982 during the Cold War. We have to remember these are future of life award winners in 2017 and 2018. Like Matthew Messelsen also helping renounce biological weaponry, that's the 2019 future of life award winner. We have to prioritize knowing about people like this. We have to share these people with our children to say that, hey, these are the people and these are the ways that our civilization has prevented collapse in the past. We must win the wisdom race. So think about that very, very carefully. Embrace those people into our conversations, not just the pop stars and the idols and all that stuff, but can we also embody the importance of people that have saved our world from mutually assured destruction? Can we make sure that with the democratization of all these exponential technologies that we really prioritize morality, we prioritize ethics and we prioritize philosophy and we make sure to embed those fields into every single cutting edge science that's currently being worked on, cutting edge technology that's currently being worked on. This is one of the most important things of our time. Our society has gotten more and more complex over time. It's critical for us to embody this wisdom. Let's win the wisdom race. We can do it together. Have more of these conversations with your friends, families, coworkers, people online. Talk to more people about these subjects. Prioritize these conversations and prioritize more philosophy, morality, ethics at the edge of science and technology, prioritize it and make it happen together. And remember, as much as we love the competition and how competing helps us push the edge faster and faster, we also have to cooperate. We all live on one planet and future generations want a beautiful planet to live on and to be able to experience life on. Think seven generations ahead just like the indigenous elders do. They think seven generations ahead with every action that they take. Think that many generations ahead. How do we win the wisdom race? And remember that that wisdom that's being carried from these elders for the last multi-millennia and sends us our 25, 50, 75 year old lifespans, that wisdom of thinking seven generations ahead of being tied in deeply to the ecosystem that sustains us. Every breath of air, every drink of water, every bite of food, every moment alive on this planet is a blessing, is a blessing of creation and to be directly tied into that spiritually is critical and that also helps us get through the wisdom race. Tie those things together. We're building all of these crazy general intelligences and synthetic biologies and neural interfaces. We have to slow down and remember the wisdom of the indigenous leaders on the world and the wisdom of the philosophy, the morality and the ethics. We can do this together. Have more conversations about this. I love you all very much. Thank you for tuning in.


Okay, James P. Madonna here, Royal Hibachi, Puffet, Route 46, West Side of Washington, Jersey. It happens to be the middle of September 2019. Beautiful, clear and dry, bottom weather. Getting some codfish fillet here. Obviously, other people have attacked it already, so it's all mangled. It's okay. Some clams, mussels and squid in broth. Broth of the Sea, fruit de damar. Shout out to Kamarachev Sandoval. And exorcist Bishop Brian from The Hitch Show on the Travel Channel, Ghost Adventures. Cornucopia of King Neptune's Delight. Actually, I'm not going to have any room for any turf. That's a surf. I might have room. You know what? I saw this lemon chicken over there, which looks good, but this looks good. I don't have any room for it. I'll have to come back on the cob. The kernels get stuck in between my teeth every time I eat it. It's wonderful. Don't get me wrong. Especially the white corn. And here we go. The very best buffalo hot chicken wings for your next sporting event. Come to Royal Hibachi Buffet, Route 46 West Side of Brooklyn, Jersey and buy the chicken wings in bulk. Okay. I got hot coffee waiting for me because I got up very late. Had insomnia last night. Had to take a tranquilizer and I got up way too late. Check the ice cream out. No green tea ice cream. I don't know what happened. I had it the one time. Anyway. Okay, round two. Mongolian barbecue. I'm sorry. Royal Hibachi Grill in Buffet, Route 46 West Side of Brooklyn, Jersey. It looks like... Friday. Friday, man. Yeah. I'm like the... The best day of the week, Friday. Like the guy that was on the island. Robinson Crusoe. His friend was named as Friday. Friday is the best day of the week. Well, you know what? Every day has 24 hours. Any day could be bad. Any day could be good. I don't know. Friday, I love Friday. Yeah. I used to like... I used to like Monday when they used to have all you can eat, baby back ribs over at the crow's nest. Then they... Then they probably lost money. Then they did away with it. Huh? Nobody has it no more. Exactly. Probably expensive, right? Anybody in business to make business, right? To make money. Right. And listen, if I one day I lose money here, you're not gonna see me.  You know why? Because this is very perishable. When you're in... When I was working with seafood. Yes. Fish is only good for 48 hours. You gotta put it on a lot of ice. Ice. But after 48 hours, you start smelling ammonia. Yes. Exactly. Why the fish smell an ammonia after 48 hours? Yeah. That's a good question. Even on ice. Even ice. Why they put ammonia on it? Well, we used to gut... After 24 hours, we used to make sure the fish is gutted. All the guts out. Right. Because that accelerates the rancid, the spoilage. But now they've put it... Protected more now. I don't see that like being used to before. Have it. Maybe the hosts, the distributor at Fulton Fish Market. Maybe the... They do better job now. Maybe more technology. I don't see the fish smell like that. Yeah. They're there early. The restaurants are there like 2 a.m. sometimes. Yeah. Now we mean... Look, this fish is fresh. The cut fish. Oh, I know. It's so beautiful. Look at this. No, I know. It's very fresh. It's fresh. And usually... But look. Yeah. But you don't have the fishy taste. No. No fishy. And no ammonia at all. No ammonia. Even the shrimp. Nothing. Even the shrimp. Yeah. Make sure I buy always fresh and good and quality. Here. That's what's even the best good. Well, what I used to do like with the big fish. The grouper, the salmon, the red snapper. I got them and I put the ice inside. Inside. Yeah, that's it. No problem. Some words of wisdom. Oh, the king. King of Mongolian barbecue. Oh, look at that little baby. All right. You don't need... You don't want to eat too much. Got shrimp, peppers. There he is drinking the coke. Rum and coke. We got the hardcore sushi came out. The salmon. The tuna, of course. The white. Either white tuna or tilapia. We have the unagi roasted eel. Maybe I'll get some unagi. Maybe I'll get some unagi since I was having a nice conversation at the pier in Edgewater with this couple about eel. They already put the eel sauce on the roasted eel. Unagi sashimi. I can always come back for the other ones. Then again, maybe not. Maybe I better get some now. Now, normally what I would do is I would get my dipping sauce ready, but I am going to try to enjoy the flavor of the raw fish without any dipping sauce. Maybe I'll use lemon juice. The good thing is we got crab soup. The crab soup is back, baby. Let's check it out. Always stir at the bottom before you scoop any soup. All of the particles, the main and primary ingredients of the soup because of gravity will sink to the bottom. It's just simple science. All the great desserts are coming up. That's the ice cream. No green tea ice cream yet. There's the designer sauce. Don't ask me what designer sauce means. I have no idea. Friday. Friday, man. Friday. Yeah, it's Friday again, huh? Sometimes I'm lost a lot of the days. I see you, I know. Unless I want to bring a date over here. Oh, yeah. Friday. No Ching Dao beer, right? No liquor license. Bring it. Bring my own Ching Dao beer. Bring it. It's good beer, though. I like it. Compared to, I like that. Some of the Mexican beer is good, too. Modelo. But Ching Dao is not bad. It's much better than the Japanese beer. What is it? Kirin. We put the whole spoon in there. Sapporo. What happened? The whole entire spoon was... You know where the hands were? They're putting their hands on it. And the whole thing was in there? The whole thing was laying there. Yeah, well, and... My family used to have a word. They used to say calvone. Calvone. Calvones. You were talking. Yeah, that's like... Yeah, a calvone is...   A num... Like Mo said in the three studios, a numskull. Numskull. Ah, your numskull. What else did he say? You know what it is? There's no respect for other people. That's what it is. He hit the nail on the head. Ninkum poop, numskull, whatever you want to call it.  I remember Ninkum poop. That's a funny name, Ninkum poop. I wonder where it came from. Like cahoots or... Yeah. You know, words like that. Right. Or somebody put the kibosh on you. The kibosh. The kibosh. Ice. And I was in this guy's way. Remember when you had the hummus at one time? Yeah, I remember. Oh, that was the best hummus. Yeah, you like it? It went to yours though. Yeah, my hummus. Your hummus. Tomorrow. And all the bottle of... And the bottle of ice cream. Maybe no more bottle of ice cream? No more, okay. Very amusing. Very amusing and unique video here. Lunch video. Royal Abadji. Buffet. Rue 46 West. Saddle book New Jersey. I think I need more coffee. I'm not doing bad for a guy who didn't have time to have coffee at home. I never had this combination before. Surf and turf. Sashimi with lamb ribs. Middle East. Combines with the Far East. And crab soup. We get some flan. Crab soup and flan. Before I have ice cream. Here at Royal Abadji. Grilled buffet. Rue 46 West. Saddle book New Jersey. I will be doing a live stream YouTube show tonight on Fandango Friday with Mr. Ronald J. Mario on his YouTube channel. It will be about liquor. So I look forward to all visitors. Full stock of Buffalo hot chicken wings.  The best in the business to go in bulk for your very next sporting event party. At Royal Abadji buffet. Rue 46 West. Saddle book New Jersey. Good thing I mentioned the word hummus. I quote it out. This is an excellent salad. I think it's chopped cucumber and parsley. This has been a Mega Lab 21 production.


When I got American bitches, I got to raise it up because you all know how much they love their McDonald's. Let's take a look up a little bit. Ah! Better! Better! Andrea rolled by a nine-year-old. To what is this? I was going to hit some time. Twenty-three seconds. All right, we're giving everything. Like giving a no. Seriously, standing up. This is so small. Oh my gosh. Oh my God, he's going to do it with fourteen seconds. Oh, I should have been so relaxed. This is over. This is very bad. I'm going to lose to the nine-year-old. Good thing my sister's not here. She lost, she's not here. You still get mated. You're going to win. Dude, she's losing so much time. Good game. YouTube co-founder on removing dislike. YouTube co-founder, John Karim, has criticized the platform's removal of public dislike counts on video, saying it will lead to YouTube becoming a place where everything is mediocre. He has altered the description of his and YouTube's first-ever video to share his statement. Me at the zoo. Wait, this is the first-ever video that YouTube... Wait, what? All right, so here we are, one of the elephants. Cool thing about these guys is that they have really, really, really long problems. And that's cool. And that's pretty much all there is to say. The first YouTube video...  Okay, that was actually... I'm gonna be honest, I was not expecting that at all. Totally out of left field. Toes returns a twitch and immediately gets censored off the platform. The whole video is good, really. I told me I could babysit her chat, but I would be streaming. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Oh, Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ. Okay, okay, so what you need to do is, all you do is pull up Peter's stream. No, no, no, no. She doesn't have to pull up my stream. I just need to be in the same voice calls. Mr. Beast makes fun of Tyler one. That girl is actually seven foot five. Bad camera angle, bad lighting, that are standing on a box, and Photoshop. No, I'm starting to pick up the joke. You're not six foot five.  I am six foot five. I've been measured on stream several times. You know what, you're back. I just, I've never seen someone six foot five have to prove their six foot five is the only thing. Yeah, like usually people who are six five aren't constantly bringing it up, but I gotta say when we, when the last time I saw Tyler IRL, I cast a shadow over him, you know, like it was, it was humiliating. This is funny. I was just tearing over him. That's great. Rabbit King. Will you copy what I say? Bro, what the hell happened to me? Why is this at 1.4K up close? Bad time to do this. Like, I thought something was going to happen. You're looking new wow shoulders. Bro, what the hell happened to me? I'll say this is for goat camp streams going well. Oh, it's so funny. Oh, it's so funny. Oh, it's actually so good. Proud dad watched the clip of his son.  It's like an automatic flashlight. But the problem is, man, I don't feel it. Like, I, I, I, I, dude, I've only used it five times since I've had it. And I'm telling you right now, like, I can't use it anymore because it's literally depressing. Like not only is it the cleanup, but I'd be lying to myself if it's also not the fact that it's like, dude, I feel like I'm disappointing the machine every time because I think my dick is thin, man.  Yours does it. Dude, like how awkward I did. Oh, that's actually funny. Look at my subreddit. Old man S-Pan. Wait, this is pretty good. The King falls. No, dude, it was a... Dude, this is funny. I don't think it's funny though. It is funny. Vote to scare S-Pan. Papaga acts. Look. No. Listen. Papaga's copper acts. Okay, relax, dude. An emote that you can hear. Hey, what is this? Mary Pog? Wait. This is a good Mary Pog. This is such a good Mary Pog of Ryan Shays here. This is actually so good. This is actually good. As we read my copypasta. Guys, I swear if I die, I'm done with classic fresh. I will delete my character and delete myself in real life. Nothing ever again will bring me back to this game. I've done everything in classic that I've wanted to. I've killed Cthun. I got my wiener flogged by Noth and Nex Rammus. Wait, I never said that. For gold in Gold Shire. No, this is copy-pasted from the captioning in YouTube, so I don't know how that would happen. There's absolutely nothing else that can bring back to classic fresh. Oh, look. I got killed by a boar. Time to re-roll as a priest. He's not re-rolling as a priest. He's re-rolling as Jesus, okay? Yes. True. If you see this man, he'll say that the ladies came in and play with him. He doesn't trust him.  I didn't even want to show my car who the boss is. True. This is actually real. Also, I drive one of these. Whatever that is. Mm-hmm. Real and true. Real and true. Chad Ripp pride versus version priest-re-roller. Pays for his mount, begs Chad to help fund it. Noodle arms made exclusively for wanding. Never two shots anything. Obviously for wand, but will only mitigate some damage. Heals every dungeon. Then the runs ends because of a tank from Chad named after a twitchy moat. Sorry, you lost iron soul. I used renewing everything.


The Chief of Defence staff, General Locky-Rubble, has attributed the surrendering of Boko Haram terrorists to the Nigerian military's winning of the war on all forms of criminality and terrorism. He made this statement at the NNS Delta headquarters in Wari, Delta State. Friday, a quema-jera story is presented from our studio. The Chief of Defence staff, General Locky-Rubble, is on an operational working visit to all installations and military formations in the Niger-Delta region. He is today visiting the multi-billionaire Fokados trunk line in Borough 2 local government area of Delta State. General-Rubble inspects the quarter guard and meets with senior officers before getting on a speedboat to trunk line. General-Rubble's major reason for the pressure that you talk about compared to the past is not as much, and more so that you've seen reports of massive surrender of Boko Haram terrorists among other things. So that's an indication that we're winning the war. In no distant time we will see the totality of the end of such kind of criminality in that part of the country. General-Rubble's major reason for his visit is to check on troops and the operational activities. So this is Prasaliwan here, and so far so good. I believe that in due course, we will get to know that the troops are doing pretty well. The visit by the CDS will no doubt boost the operational capacities of officers and men of the NNS Delta, led by the commander Komodo Abdul-Ameed Baba-Iner and the Nigerian Army Sector 1 commander, led by Kono Garuba.


Olga, tell us about social distancing from our dependencies. Okay, thank you for the introduction. I'm very happy to be here and today I'm going to be talking about a timely matter. Since we have spent all of us a few months applying physical social distancing, we can discuss today how we can use those techniques to make our systems a bit more reliable, isolating our dependencies from them. Before I begin, let me introduce myself. My name is Olga Matuda and I come from sunny Greece, while I currently reside in, as I said, very sunny London. Surprisingly, this week has been very nice. I studied electrical engineering, but then software, I won my heart. And I enjoy messing myself into risk activities, be it public speaking, dancing with our people, or trying new recipes. And nowadays I work at Bloomberg as a software engineer, and I spend a lot of my time in my team debugging C++ code. We do write some Python code as well. We have mostly used Python as a tool for writing scripts to quickly achieve something or for integration or end-to-end testing. But last year we had a crazy idea. How about we use Python for a real service? We wanted to do something simple. And we said Python, it is a good opportunity for us to try using Python for something real that we can use in production. So that is what I'm saying today. This is a story of a Python service, written by C++ developers. And I promise you, it's not a horror story, but it's a story of success and many, many learnings. As I said, we have mainly been using C++ in the past, and we have used Python for simple applications. And this is how we tend to use Python. And this is how we envision our new service is going to look like. It's going to be one function. We don't really need more. We're going to have an input. We're going to do the stuff we need, and we're going to have our outputs there. How hard could that be? It turned out it wasn't that hard. We wrote some completely valid code that looks a bit like what you see on that screen. And we thought that we were ready. Everything seemed to be working. And we had a meeting with our product manager, Mark. He said, is this ready to go to production? And that is where we asked ourselves, okay, maybe we can be safe as we do with all our other services. It's time to write some tests. Yeah, what could possibly go wrong with Python? But okay, let's write some tests. And that is when we realized that that wasn't as easy as we had imagined previously. We didn't really know how to write unit tests in Python. We had written integration systems before, but unit testing was something new for us. We tried writing some, but we had a dependency that ended up misbehaving in the dev environment. So our tests could fail randomly, meaning that we are in constant continuous integration platform with complain a lot, meaning that we would have many emails, meaning that there was no real automation that we could apply further because everyone was very annoyed. And everyone was super, super sad due to that. And we knew it was time to take this a bit more seriously. It was a small project, but again we had to apply the same good principles that we applied as in any other object project. And since we had an unstable dependency, we knew that we had to isolate our environment from it. We had to somehow mock it and make our tests not directly dependent to that. So this is a sort of, yeah, physical distancing from that unstable dependency. As I cannot get into much detail about that specific project, and today I'm going to be using another example. Let's say that we want to create an application that gets movies from, that are currently playing in theaters, like in normal times. And we want to rate those movies based on a very random metric that we have, and that is based on the director of the movie. And we want to send back to that API a rating. So let's say that every movie that is directed by Quentin Tarantino gets a 10 and every other movie gets a three. So this is our great movie application by Get and Rate Movies. Yes, I laugh at my own jokes. And let's start with the simple version of that. Here it's an example of an application that uses the Movie Database API, that is a free API that you can use for your personal projects. And we send one Get request to retrieve all the movies that are currently playing at theaters. So we send, we use the Request module. We send that Get request. We get back, hopefully, a good response. And we put it in a nice dictionary and we return it. That is all that we have to do for now. And as Mark is really impatient and wants it to production, we need to write this and make sure that it works fine. And this is how a test for this application would look like. We want to, we are using the unit as dot mock module, and we want to mock the path that sends that request to retrieve the movies that are currently playing. Above you can see that we are specifying a mock response that can be a much simplified version of what the real API would return. We just return the fields that we are interested in, really. And we have a simplified dictionary retrieved back. That is a very low effort test. At least we don't have much to think about, except maybe for the first one when we are first creating. But this is easily extensible to more tests. We can write more tests where we parameterize. We expect empty results, different responses. We have different side effects when we call that external API. We can expect failures, connectivity issues, and everything else that we can imagine. And that was okay. It was valid code. It was a very valid test. Now let's see what happens when we have a more complete application. This is what we want to achieve in this example. We said that we want to get the movies that are currently playing at theaters. That returns us the movie titles and the director IDs. So we need to send another request to the movie database API to get back the names of those directors. So then we can apply the rating that we were discussing before. So we sent on the second line, we send another request where we fool the movie director's names. And when we have all of that, let's say we want to do some filtering on all of those movies that we have acquired, because we don't want to get busted from that API and that we send ratings for other movies. We want to send only to some of them. So we're using another, let's say in-house API, magic API. And first we do a request to that to do some filtering on those movies. Once we do that, we have a filtered movies dictionary and for each movie that exists there, we want to apply the magic algorithm that we have created that decides the rating according to the director of its movie. And then we want to do a post request in the movie database API, posting the calculated rating we have. In the end, we can just return the dictionaries and save them in database or what we want to do, log them, whatever. That means that for the simple application, we have five different calls into external APIs. Three of them go to the movie database API. Two of them go to the magic API that we have created. This seems to be completely valid code. That's everything that we want. We have our separate functions. Yeah, all seems good. What happens when we want to test it? We patch it up, right? And then philosophical questions arise. How many context managers can you fit in 88 line characters? If we need to mug those five different API calls, and I have a strong opinion on some styling and that's made my life very hard. Thankfully, we can use a decorator. So that would mean that our tests are going to look something like this. We can have... Yeah, I couldn't even attempt using codex managers. So decorators to the rescue. We have four different decorators that we need to carry with us. It needs tests that we're going to write. The first one actually needs to be parametrized because we do two GET requests in the movie database API, depending on the exact request that is called. And as you can see, this is already a lot. We need to write more tests, and we need to carry all of this with us every time. So that test was okay, but what happens... It was okay. But what happens when we want to write more tests? What about when we have different arguments, other responses, empty responses, other failures and exceptions? In that test, we want to test our application and its business logic. It's not the place, really, to carry all of these decorators and test the different APIs. Of course, we want to test them that they are called correctly, but can these tests even provide us that? So it's easy to mix the business logic with these IO concerns. So because the mocks don't really help with that, we will need to do the right integration test. And yeah, that was a lot. It was very easy to forget to move those decorators with you. It was slightly coupled to implementation details. So we had to change our strategy. And as every good developer, when we don't know what to do, we use a search engine and Stack Overflow. And yeah, you use your favorite search engine and you type, how do you write unit tests in Python? And you click on the first result and someone on Stack Overflow always has a very strong absolute opinion that says, every time you use mock dot parts, it means that you have design flaw in your architecture. It seemed a bit offensive in the beginning, but it made us think a lot. This phrase really stood out, and it triggered more design decisions in our teams. So why were our tests so difficult to write? Then we remembered another principle that all of us good developers knew that don't mock what you don't own. Mock dot parts ties you to specific implementation details. But we wanted to test really what our application, if our application is doing the right thing. And we had to make a decision. So we're also both developers discussing Python. And then it came to us as probably we need to go back to our roots and everything that we have been complaining about C++ actually. So in order to write that unit test in C++, we tend to use dependency injection. That is a technique where an object supplies a dependency of another object. Instead of a client specifying what service it will use, something else tells a client what service to use. And combining that with the adapter pattern, that is a term that I have borrowed by High Percival's Python talk this year. I stopped using books, such as a great talk, and goes into further detail on those topics. Yeah, the adapter pattern provides an alternative interface for a class API that you are using and makes it easier to use. So it's converting an incompatible interface of one class to something that is more easier for your code to use. And that is not much different from just a thin wrapper around different functionalities in those external API calls. So this is how a wrapper is going to look like. This is how we can create a new class and we can hide there all the different calls that we are sending to the movie database API. And how we tend to use that in our code. So we said we apply dependency injection. And our main grade application where in its initializer, it can specify the different dependencies of it that are wrapped in classes or they cannot be wrapped in classes if you don't want to do that even. And the code really that we have below is not much different from what we had before. Instead of using functions, we now have to call methods on these objects that we have created these two wrappers, one for the database API and for the magic API that we own. And what happens when we write tests? So now we can use the mock object of the unit as a mock module. And it's much easier to mock as the API that we have created is much simpler. It makes, we have more control over it and everything is decoupled. We can add more and more tests and testing in the future will be much easier. As you can see from this test, everything is much more readable than before. We don't have ugly context managers or decorators. And if you want to take it as a step further, you can even create your own objects but on top of the mock objects and you can reuse them in tests. The disadvantage is that you have to put a little bit more effort in your tests, but the results, even you can see already that is already much more rewarding. So as we can see, we have already much more readable, extensible, flexible tests. There's no danger to forget to paths and a dependency. And we don't have to care about any specific API implementation details. We hide all the ugliness into our wrappers and we have nice interfaces to work with now. We test all your business logic, not the IO. And what really stood out is that it made our design more thought through. So it triggered conversations in the team about how we want to design our production code, our application. And this is nice testing, the implementation details of our main function. But we want to test if everything plays well together, everything is connected. So what about integration tests? What happens there? In Bloomberg, we have a concept that we call imposters, which is, I don't know, also called this verified fakes, which is also a fake API generator that has some verification for IO. So we create fake APIs, but have strong contracts about how they can code. So we can test against them and see that the calls to them go as they should. This is how it looks like. So you can see on the left-hand side how we have utilities and we can create multiple APIs from just a simple fixture that we have created that works well for the internal services that we have. If you need to mock something, you probably need to decide if it is worth doing more work. But in our case, it has proven to be a very valuable tool. So we have one fixture that can just create all of these imposters, and as we said, the advantage of them is that they have strong contracts about how they need to be called. So they need to be called with certain parameters and we can specify responses from them that also adhere to the same contract. We cannot say that we're going to return just a half dictionary. It has to be a full dictionary, but we can specify the fake values in that. So when we make the call, we hit a fake instance of that, not the actual one, not the actual service or API. We can test against, similarly again, all possible and impossible scenarios because users are going to find a way to use a service in the most wrong way. And as you can see in the right-hand side, this is how it is going to look like. We can instantiate this magic service imposter and again, we can specify verified responses this time that we're going to say when we make a call that calls that API, then this is the response that this is going to return us. And this is a good way to verify that your wrappers work well, that you don't call them with random parameters, but you call them as they need to be called. So we have the unit tests that have tested all the details of our implementation. We have a way to test that our wrappers work. And what about end-to-end tests? They should just work, right? Someone who regreted saying that. But it is true. We have covered everything else and now we can just test the happy parts. And how we do that? So in the latest attempt in the team, we decided to try an approach of plug-and-play. Since we have dependency injection, we can create a genetic test and we can pass different APIs to that, that the test is going to use and test against those. So we can pass basically whatever we want. As we saw before, we could pass an imposter. We can pass any other fake that we have created. And this is how it can look like. So in this case, we create a class that is a fake API and another class that is a real API. And in our test class, we can make instances of these classes that we have created. Then we can have a test that is parameterized and we can pass different APIs, real and fake whatever we want. And we can have only, we can write only one test that test is against both. That means we don't need to duplicate our tests and make our life easier and we make sure that those integration tests that we have before are really valid because they can also play when we pass the actual dependency. Of course, then you can choose which test you want in your continuous integration platform and you can decide how much you trust your dependencies for some of them. It can work just running all of them for others who, yeah, you have to make a call. So this talk, what has it been about? There are many values when it comes to good software design. We want it to be functionable. We want it to be common. We want to be robust. We want it to be testable. We want it to be abstract. We want it to be extensible and we can be discussing for hours about all of these things. The important thing is that testable is one of those values. So I have been in a lot of strong discussions with developers about encapsulation, invasion of control. Is it worth to have my tests change the way, all right? And the test initially we saw that it was looking at the codes that we wrote in the beginning was looking fine, but it was our desire to write tests that made us really rethink our architecture. So the pain of writing tests drove our design decisions. And as I said many can complain that I don't want to ruin my beautiful production code just to test them. Well, your production code doesn't mean much if it's not testing and it's not working. Testing is not optional nowadays it shouldn't be. It is a requirement of completing a task. So your tests are part of your codes.  So testability is a good enough reason to affect your design decisions. And this is my thought on the matter. That was it. Thank you for listening. You can find one Twitter here. And of course we are hiring so we have a channel on Discord if you want to chat to any of our engineers feel free to do so. Thank you. Thank you very much, Olga. So yeah, again I forgot to I forgot to mention that if you won't ask any questions there's the Q&A button on soon. There's no questions Olga. Okay, everything was clear. Yeah, I think everyone's software is very testable. That's what I'm assuming. Okay, yeah feel free to chat later to the corresponding channel. I'll be happy to discuss with everyone. I'm going to stop this here now. Cool. I can ask your question. Have you used any in the Penis Injection library to help you with that? No, we haven't. I am aware that there are some but we haven't tried anything yet. We just pre-styled it. Cool. I think Yeah, I think we can just Yeah. I'll be happy to chat later. Okay, cool. So if you have any more questions do drop a message on the Slack channel. Thanks Olga again. Thank you. And I'll see you later.


Hey everyone, this is Dan with another episode of my Moderna and BioNTech videos. The two stocks reached their all-time highs on August 10th. Since then, Moderna has dropped 32% and BioNTech has dropped 46%. What's causing the price drop? Will they drop even more or will they recover? I believe Moderna and BioNTech are oversold at this point. Now most likely be buying more shares in the next few days. Let's get into the details. This is a review of my price prediction in my September 6th video. At the time, I said that Moderna would be at $450 a share and BioNTech at $420 a share by the end of November 2021. At the time, Moderna was at $416 and BioNTech at $334. Today is Sunday, October 3rd, 2021. As of market closing last Friday, October 1st, Moderna was at $341 and BioNTech at $254. Both of them have certainly dropped. Will I be coming out with new price targets? I will explain more in the next few minutes. Let's look at the charts for Moderna and BioNTech. The candlestick chart here represents Moderna and the yellow line here represents BioNTech. As we can see after both of them reached the all-time high on August 10th, BioNTech dropped 46% and Moderna dropped 32%. Pretty significant drop. But I will say that at this point, I'm not worried too much because if you look at the history of the two stocks, they have indeed been very volatile. If you look at Moderna, which is the more volatile of the two up until now, this dip here back in December of 2020 was a 40% drop. And then there was another drop here, March of 2021, 35%. Another drop in May of 2021, 20%. The current drop of 32% from Moderna and even BioNTech, a 46% drop, they are in line with their historical volatility. That's why I'm not too worried at this point, even though I've been selling some BioNTech shares in the last few days. When I saw the technical trend. Let's look at some of the news items that have been driving the stock prices in the last few days. First of all, on October 1st, the news came out that Merck said they developed a COVID pill that could reduce the risk of death and hospitalization. And because of this news, Moderna and BioNTech dropped quite a bit on October 1st, last Friday. One item is that the Merck COVID pill will cost about $700 per treatment. Actually this is nothing new. That's why I think the market overreacted to the news about Merck because we already have different COVID treatments. For example, Regen Cove, the COVID treatment that's being around for more than six months. And recently the US bought more than 1 million doses of this COVID treatment from Regeneron and the price is about $1,500 per treatment. And then Eli Lilly also has a COVID treatment and recently they sold 388,000 doses to the US government and the price is about $850 per treatment. If you look at the prices, they are definitely much higher than the prices of the COVID vaccines from Moderna and BioNTech, which range from about $36 to about $20. But money is not a real issue here. The main issue is human suffering and also potential death or we cannot just put a price on the value of a human life. And that's why I believe the US as well as the rest of the world will definitely purchase the vaccines before they go to the COVID treatment. And they use the COVID treatment only if the first line of defense, the vaccines have failed or if a person refuses to take the vaccine. Therefore, I don't think these COVID treatments are really competitions for the COVID vaccines, especially not the vaccines from Moderna and BioNTech. I published this chart back in January to say that Moderna and BioNTech will follow the price trajectory of Regeneron and MGen. Both of them are very successful pharmaceutical companies with breakthrough technologies. I compare the prices of Moderna and BioNTech with the prices of Regeneron and MGen after the approval date of their respective blockbuster drugs. And as of January 11th, we are right around here at the starting point at a 100% price level. As of today, October 1st, we are here. As you can see, Moderna and BioNTech actually are performing better than Regeneron and MGen in the equivalent points in history. And looking at the chart, we can see that the prices of Moderna and BioNTech can easily go up by at least 50% to more than doubling within the next 5 to 10 years. And that's why I believe Moderna and BioNTech are very good long-term investments. If you like what you've seen so far, I'd like to encourage you to click the like, subscribe, and notification button. That'll enable you to be notified when I publish a video in the future. And it will also encourage me to make more videos like this. Let's continue. More news items. Recently, it was reported that the Moderna vaccine was found to be more effective at preventing hospitalization. And that's one of the reasons why the BioNTech vaccines has been dropping more than the Moderna vaccine in the last few days. But still, the BioNTech vaccine is still very effective compared to the other vaccines. On September 18th, the FDA advisor recommended for FDA to approve the Pfizer-BioNTech booster shot for people older than 65 and for people at high risk. And since then, indeed, FDA approved this particular proposal. But the FDA has not approved the booster shot for all adults at this point. And there are five reasons why the FDA advices to not recommend the booster shot for everyone. The thing is too soon. And they don't see enough evidence. And they would like to get more data. And they are worried about younger adults and teens, especially about the side effects. And they want to see more data prove that the benefits outweigh the risks for younger people. And they think it's more important to get more people to get vaccinated the first time around. But eventually, I believe FDA will approve the BioNTech booster shot as well as the Moderna booster shot for all adults. I would say it will most likely happen in October or in November following the footsteps of Israel. And we'll talk more about Israel later on. And Moderna has submitted data to FDA on September 1st to demonstrate the need for a booster shot that consists of half the dosage of the original shots. And why? Because in Moderna, original dosage is 100 microgram per shot, whereas BioNTech is only 30 microgram per shot. And that's why to have those is a 15 microgram per shot for Moderna for the mRNA material. And that'll bring the dosage more in line with the BioNTech dosage. And maybe that's why Moderna has been more effective in generating antibodies because it's actually higher content with regard to mRNA. Both Pfizer and Moderna have submitted information to the FDA for the COVID-19 shot for kids ranging from age 5 to 11. And most likely Pfizer-BioNTech will get approval in October. In the meanwhile, Novavax has submitted their application to the WHO for emergency listing of the COVID vaccine. And the Novavax is developed using a new technology called a subunit protein vaccine. Actually, the first COVID vaccine developed under this technology that's very close to getting approved. And at this point, even though the advocacy is supposed to be about 90%, but it's still unproven as far as how much of a long-term effect it might have against the original variant as well as new variants, such as a Delta variant. And that's why at this point, I don't think Novavax is a serious competition for Moderna or BioNTech, not at this point yet. In the meanwhile, it was reported that Novavax also had some manufacturing issues. Why do I think Moderna and BioNTech will recover? Number one, because all the scientists, including the FDA panel, agree that the effectiveness of the COVID vaccine does fade over time, it's just a matter of how soon. So even they haven't approved the vaccine for all adults at this point, within one or two months, I'm pretty sure they will give the approval. The mRNA technology offers vaccines that are more than 90% effective, which is really a revolutionary type of technology better than anything else in history. And also, the fast development cycle for mRNA vaccine will beat out all the other vaccines against any future viruses. The COVID vaccines are needed by almost everyone in the world, unlike any other typical pharmaceutical products. And there are very few competitions against Moderna and BioNTech. It took only one and a half years for the alpha strain to mutate into the very dangerous and contagious Delta strain. And that's why more variants are expected in the future, which will call for rapid development of booster vaccines. And there are many additional products in the Moderna and BioNTech pipeline, which will ensure steady streams of income for both companies. Because of these reasons, I believe Moderna and BioNTech will recover, and they will be very good long-term investments. At this point, I'd like to mention that I'm not a financial advisor. I share my analyses and stock trading strategies for educational purpose only. If you want to buy or sell stocks, you should make your own decisions, and you should definitely consult with your financial advisors before you do so. Let's continue. Let's look at the new daily COVID cases in the US. You can see we had a peak back in November through January. Then it came down, and then because of the Delta variant, it picked up again, starting around July of this year, and finally things are starting to get under control. As far as the daily death rate, again, we had a big peak here, corresponding to this peak here with new cases. And then it came down after the vaccination started, and then the Delta variant happened, picked up again. Now we are finally seeing it comes down a little bit, but it's not low enough yet at this point, unfortunately. If you look at Israel, similar pattern, except it has gone down a lot faster after the second peak or actually with Israel is more like the third peak. The third peak was in July of this year, and they've come down a lot. And most likely it's because of the more booster shots they've administered. They have started to administer booster shots to all adults. And if you look at the vaccination rate, in the US, 68% of the people received the first shot, 56% received the second shot, Israel, 68% first shot, 62%, 62% fully vaccinated. And the main difference that 70% of Israelized aged 60 to 69 have already received a third Pfizer COVID vaccine. The US only started administering the third shot to people 65 and older. About two weeks ago, the percentage rate is definitely not as high as 70%, and hopefully we'll see the new COVID cases come down a lot more in the US in the next few weeks. If you look at United Kingdom, big peak again between November and January, and then second peak, and it came down a little bit, but it pretty much has been running flat, unfortunately it has not been coming down yet. Death rate, it started to come up a little bit, fortunately it's not very high. Germany, we see three peaks here, the most recent peak also started around July, August timeframe. It started to come down a little bit, but not as fast as the way it comes down in Israel. The death rate fortunately has not been too bad recently. If you look at the vaccination rate, 73% and 67% at UK, 68%, 65% at Germany, pretty much the same as the US and Israel. And at this point, they are not really widely administering the third shot yet in the UK and in Germany. If you look at worldwide data, we see these peaks here, the most recent peak correspond mostly to the Delta variant, it's been coming down a little bit, but the daily new cases are still as high as 433,000 cases a day, which is very high. And sadly, the daily death is still at 7,000 or more a day, and definitely the world needs a lot more vaccines. According to Bloomberg vaccine tracker, more than 6.33 billion doses have been administered, 41.2% of global population have received the vaccine, that means about 58% of populations do need the vaccine, and the latest rate was roughly 31.6 million doses a day. And from these numbers, I extrapolate that more than 6 billion doses are still needed for the unvaccinated. In the meanwhile, for people who have been vaccinated, they will need more than 4 billion doses of booster shots just in 2022 alone. And that's based on the assumption of about 8 months interval between the booster shot and the second shot. So that's more than 10 billion doses needed for the world in 2022 alone. Moderna and BioNTech will certainly contribute to some of those doses. A few news items about vaccine production. South Africa has been trying to replicate the Moderna vaccine, but they have not been making much progress. Even though Moderna has already waived its patent production for the COVID vaccine, but the manufacturing know how still has to be learned step by step, and it will take more than one year for any company to do that. In the meanwhile, Pfizer and BioNTech have set up joint venture in Brazil, South Africa and Singapore, to produce more vaccines around the world, and Moderna has signed an agreement with the South Korean company to produce Moderna vaccines for Asia. Definitely will be seeing a lot more Moderna and BioNTech vaccines produced around the world in 2022. Let's look at the evaluation of the two companies. First of all, let's look at some of the volume and sales estimates. According to Moderna, they are gearing up to produce up to 3 billion doses in 2022, and for this year 2021, they expect to produce between 800 million and 1 billion doses. The projection is that they expect to have a sales of $20 billion for 2021. In the meanwhile, they have a very strong product pipeline. Of course, one product, which is the COVID vaccine, is already in the commercial phase, and they have six products in phase two, and one of them, the CMV vaccines, is almost ready for phase three. And they have nine products in phase one and 13 in preclinical development. And that's why I think Moderna has a very strong long term future. It's definitely not a one product company. Previously on September 6, I showed a calculation here, and I reached these valuations for the company for 2021, 2022, and 2023, ranging from $356 to $1100 to $614. And I targeted the price at $460 to be reached by the end of October 2021. In light of what developed in the last few days, especially with the news about Merg and the market sentiments and the boosted shot, I've revised my numbers slightly downward to reflect the revenue estimate from Moderna Management, which is a very conservative estimate for 2021. And I lowered my projection for the volume for 2022 and 23. And with these revisions, I reached this range from $307 to $461 to $406. And with these numbers, I decided to lower my target a little bit to $430 to be reached by the end of December 2021, BioNTech. First of all, Pfizer has expected $3 billion doses this year for volume projection. Of course, whatever Pfizer sells, that's also the sales volume for BioNTech, except they split the profit 50-50. As far as sales projection, BioNTech is expecting more than $18 billion of sales for the COVID vaccine for this year. And they also have quite a few products in their pipeline, but their pipeline is not as strong as Moderna's. They have one product in commercial phase, of course, that's a COVID vaccine. They have one in phase two and 11 in phase one and 14 in pre-clinical development. I think BioNTech will catch on, and I believe this company will still be very successful in the long term. Also, September 6, I showed this calculation and arrived at the valuations of 671 for 2021, 102 for 2022, and 575 for 2023, and I picked a target of 420 to be reached by the end of October 2021. For this round, I've revised my number slightly to be more conservative, I lowered the price a little bit for each dose, and I lowered the volume projection for 21, 22, and 23. And with these revisions, I got the range of stock prices from 473 to 575 to 498. And with these numbers, I decided to pick a target of still 420 to be reached by the end of December 2021. In other words, I have not changed my price target for BioNTech. Let's look at the other analyst's opinions. From Moderna, the price went from 416 to 341 between September 6 and today. And my new price target is 430, reduced from 460. Yahoo Business actually increased their high target, also increased the medium target and increased the low target pretty much. It's the same for TipRanks and CN Money, they both increased their targets, but in light of what's happened in the last few days, I feel comfortable with my new target of 430, which is still substantially higher than the current price. And that's why I'll most likely be buying more Moderna shares in the next few days. And I'll be informing my subscribers by way of my Twitter messages when I buy more shares. Let's look at BioNTech. The price of course went from 334 on September 6 to 254, also today. And my target is unchanged at 420. If you look at the other analyst's ratings, pretty much we see increases all around for high, medium, low targets. That's why the professional analysts are still optimistic about BioNTech. In the meanwhile, I feel comfortable with my price target of 420, which is somewhere between the high and medium targets among the analysts. Let's recap my new price target. I expect Moderna to reach 430 a share and BioNTech to reach $420 a share by the end of this year, 2021. And also today Moderna is at 341 a share and BioNTech at 254 a share. What are my strategies? I've been holding Moderna and BioNTech shares for the long term because as I mentioned, I'm optimistic about these two companies for the long term and I've been swing trading the rest of the shares. I would sell whenever the price pulls back at a major resistance point or when adverse news develop. For example, when the market started to overreact to the news about the Merck COVID pills because the technical indicators were very bearish. That's why I started to sell BioNTech shares and that turned out to be a good move because since then the price of BioNTech has dropped even further. And I will buy when the price bounces back from a major support point or when positive news develops. And that's why I'll be buying Moderna and BioNTech shares in the next few days. Because S&P has also dropped about 5 to 6% in the last couple of weeks, the broad market is really slipping recently and that's why almost all stocks went down with the broad market. I'll be waiting for the broad market to recover before I buy a lot more Moderna and BioNTech shares and I will update my subscribers by way of my Twitter messages. At this point I'd like to suggest that I just subscribe to my Twitter account which is Dan Market L in addition to subscribing to my YouTube channel. With my Twitter account, for example, on September 24th I tweeted that I sold some BioNTech shares I bought on 9.22 for a small profit. At that point the price was dropping and since then the price dropped even more. And then on September 27th I tweeted that I sold more BioNTech shares and TQQ shares because the market was dropping. Part of that was influenced by the deterioration of this real estate company Evergrand in China and a lot of people are saying that Evergrand is the Chinese equivalent of Lehman Brothers back in 2008 although it's not as bad as Lehman Brothers but at least as bad as Bear Stearns. I published a couple of recent videos on the situation with Evergrand and in China. You might want to check them out. Actually both trades turned out to be very good moves because BioNTech's price certainly dropped more after I sold the shares and at this point especially if the broad market starts to recover if you see S&P and NASDAQ start to pick up in the next few days then everything will rise with the broad market and at that point I would definitely buy more BioNTech shares. Even though I've been selling BioNTech shares I still hold a certain number of BioNTech shares and Moderna shares because as I stated previously I will be holding half of my shares for long term and swing trading the other half. Again I'd like to remind you to click the like, subscribe and notification button. As usual I welcome your comments, questions and suggestions. That's about wraps up my video for now. I will chat with you again in the next few days. In the meanwhile I'd like to wish you the very best of luck with your financial investment.


Welcome to ToffeeTV, it is the match preview, Everton vs Fulham in the quarter-final of the Carabao Cup at Gothersham Park, Tuesday night. This one sort of just snuck up on us. We all knew it was there, but we were all just keeping an eye on all the other games and now it's here. It's like, this is actually quite a big game and we could get into a semi-final and we're actually playing well and we're in form and it's a one-off game with Gothersham Park. Jack? Yeah, it's one of our better cup runs in the last few years. You know, home-tigering to side, I think we believe we can beat, I think, if there hadn't been a certain points deduction, there would have been a lot more focus on this within the fanbase. And yeah, you know, if we do get through, there's the potential to draw a lower league side in the semi-final as well. It's potentially massive this and it has gone under the radar, but all focus is on it now and what an opportunity for the team against the team they have lost to earlier in the season, but there was bad luck there. The teams improved since as well. It's a real opportunity for them. No, it is. It is. It's a big game against the team. That to be fair, I've been in decent form of late scoring a lot of goals and all the coming off the back of the 3-0 defeat at Newcastle, but obviously they were down to 10 men for 17 minutes really of that game and obviously him and his is going to miss the game against Devon, which is good. But no, they've been scoring goals and obviously something in them has clicked in the last few weeks as well. You know, they went to Anfield recently and scored 3, but obviously we're beating 4-3. They've been putting the ball in the back of net as I said, 2-5 no wins before the game on Saturday, but obviously they were both home games as well, so it'll be interesting to see how that translates to this game. And out the mindset, I suppose, a one-off game away from home against the team that I find in a foul form, but I find a little bit of form at home as well. Expectations obviously for us will be sky high, where a lot of fans will be listening. I don't think anyone's thinking, oh, this is a walk in the park. It's not like the last one when I played Bane, where a lot of people felt like I think we were comfortably going to beat them because not only were we better than them, but they were going to rest place. I think even though it is a busy period, I think I imagine Fulham will be looking at this thinking, well, it gets us into a semi-final, a two-legged semi-final. We've got to go for everything. You know, is that the way you feel about this game? That you've got to put everything into it because it is a quarter-final of the cup? Yeah, well, we don't often get to these stages up, haven't for a few years, have we? I think the last quarter-final was man United under Ancelotti, they had the lockdown season, so we've got to take this chance, haven't we? It's going to be difficult and Fulham, as we know, have been in good goal scoring form and it's going to be interesting to see how the seven-side responds if they do go a goal behind. I don't want to say ever and haven't faced adversity in recent weeks because they very clearly have, but not much of it has actually been on the pitch. We haven't had to respond to going a goal down and Fulham, yes, missing attacking options, but they do have the potential to get that goal and are we going to bounce back against that? I have faith in them just because the character that's being shown by the seven team in the last few weeks has been great, so I have faith in them to respond positively if they are faced with adversity, but it is a challenge we have and have to face in a while and we do need to have that in mind that we might have to come up against that. I think expectation is a challenge as well, I think expectation from your own fan base is a really interesting challenge to take on because I think obviously in the last few weeks, certainly with the 10-point deduction, we all know we are together in this summer fighting something else, but I think when these moments do arise and you've got an opportunity to take one and push forward and give fans, long-suffering fans, something we haven't had an opportunity to get to for a while, whether it just be a semi-final. If you want to get to the final, you want to win something, obviously you've got to go through a semi-final, it's not just a case of, we want to get to a semi-final. Don't like this thing if you want to have a good cup run, no, I want to win the cup of a month. A good cup run will just bring heartache if you don't get the final thing, but that place is expectation and I wonder how much expectation that place is on the manager in terms of the line-up. Let's just look at the team obviously that beat barely on Saturday. And obviously there was changes going into this game, Paterson came in, Goffy came in, Keane came in, Dwight McNeill going to left wing back. Obviously O'Nan are starting a game for the first time in a while. D'Corey went off injured in this game, so we've got no idea at the moment as we record this because Evan don't do press conferences for the games. So we don't know where he is exactly right now, we don't know where Michel Encoe is right now either because obviously that was a late call with him as well, certainly Friday. So we don't know where they are, we don't know where Ashley Young is, we don't know where Sheamus Coman is. We know Garno will be back, we know Branth White will be back for this game. Obviously if we've got no Michel Encoe and we've got no Ashley Young, does that mean that Dwight McNeill, we continue to trade the back and Dwight McNeill plays left wing back? Does that mean Paterson keeps his place ahead of Sheamus Coman or the Sheamus Coman come back in? And who then goes in for D'Corey? We saw when D'Corey moved a little bit deeper against Newcastle that Jack Harrison moved more centrally, but we had Ashley Young on the right wing, so we can make changes, but the changes aren't available either. So does he risk it? You know, if D'Corey is, let's not say 50-50, but say he's 70-30. Do you risk him? Do you know it's a hamstring injury? Can you risk a hamstring injury? No, and that. The manager said on Saturday night, he said we don't know whether we've gone him off in time as in, you know, he said he was just feeling it. A little bit like Don was feeling, know that he was feeling that he ended up missing the forest game. Does he have to have that one game out with it coming in so quick to make sure that not only is available for Tottenham, but he's available for City and he's available for Wolves, because if you aggravate it, it could be three or four games and three or four games at this time of year. You know, a week or so, or 10 days being out, is four games at this stage of the season.  I wouldn't risk him personally just looking at the season ahead as well. And now it's a massive game and, you know, maybe I'm contradicting myself talking up the game and saying, oh, don't risk your top scorer. But just with it being so close to the Bay and the game where he did go off and it's a muscle injury as well, that I just wouldn't risk him personally because he's so crucial to this side with the goals that he brings. And I do think there's enough in the team to get by for one game missing him. It's when if he does play and he does aggravate it and then without him for three games, that's when I worry about what we've got in the team. But it is interesting to think how we'll shape up, especially if Michelenko is not going to play. I think if we are expecting that we might have to have a bit more of the ball, maybe it's OK, go forward at the back and put the extra man in midfield. And Godfrey goes left back. And unfortunately, it's probably Michael Keane that drops out. But it is interesting, is Shaun Dyche, the type of manager, will change your winning system when he doesn't have to? You know, changing to five at the back was brought on by injuries. Is he going to deviate back from it now he doesn't necessarily have to? And it's worked, I don't know. Yeah, there's so much up in the air and because, as I said, we haven't had any updates. So we don't know where people are. The manager doesn't really, he doesn't really give too much away. He's not really said how far. I mean, he does tell you when players are not playing typically, or he certainly has started to do that at late, when a play is not available, he'll just say it's, you know, I know last year was a little bit more candid when it was Dominic Armand Lewin. But I think this year he's started to be a little bit more honest with the fan base and saying they're not going to make it, he's not going to make it. You know, Shaun, he ruled out Chambers and he ruled out Ashley Young. I think it was too early to rule out Michelinco when they had the press conference. So we'll have to wait and see to see where we are. But I think one affects the other, isn't it? You've asked Ashley Young, if there's no Michelinco, you might want him back at left back. But so then you can't play him at right midfield. So then maybe you can't play Jack Harrison inside. I don't know. He obviously played Dan Dume in that role against Burnley in the last round. They didn't really work. Dan Dume hadn't played enough football at that point. And certainly hasn't played that much since, barely any since. So it's hard to predict what we're going to do, but at least I suppose what Saturday's shown us, we do have this formation up our sleeve. We can't change things around. And maybe, maybe actually, maybe this system of playing three at the back would suit us if we don't have the cori, because then we can bring, then we've got O'nana. He can play alongside a Disagana guy. Then you can have Harrison and Ghana high up in front of those two with McNeill as a left wing back. And, you know, you could pick Michael Keane, you could pick Ben Goffy to go in there with Brant Wheaton. You've got Nathan Patterson who can play right wing back. And that's probably what is best positioned at the moment. So it wouldn't surprise me if he has to make those calls, if he sticks with the three at the back. No, but at least what the Bay in the game has shown is that this manager can make things work even when he doesn't have his preferred first 11. Yeah. I think they've created an atmosphere in the club around the training ground where players can just come in and just maintain and just come in and do a job, because if you work hard, that's after job. So yeah, we're not going to have some key players and then the changes that we have to make because of that is going to fit the scope of the team set up. But it's just about everyone coming in and just working as hard as they can to do that job. And a lot of that is the midfielders because you've got players like James Garner who aren't being played completely in their preferred position, they're having to do the dirty work and that. But like I said, we've got an atmosphere where players are more than willing to do that, because it's all about the team. Yeah, no, it's going to it's going to be an interesting one. As I said, we have got that up our sleeve and we have played already this season in the in the Carable Club as well against Villar as well. So it's not alien to them to play that system. It's just and the two players who come back will help that. And obviously the manager have a big decision. Let's just have a look at Fulham side from the defeat at Newcastle.  Obviously Alex, a Wobby former ever play has been in great form of late and they they obviously like playing you know the four four to three one. Not sure they'll play up front for them, but they have a Wobby on one side and they have Harry Wilson on the other side. He was finding his feet in the Premier League. Establish a raise numbers. 17 games, two goals, actually 1.59, three assists and an XA of 1.58. There you go. And you can see obviously Dominique in that right hand side where the heat mat there. I'd have gone for a Wobby there for the staff, but Ned does that job. But Harry Wilson's grown, but I don't really want to talk about him. I want to talk about that as a Wobby. He has seen sort of found his little knee short, his happy place at Fulham. He's scored a few goals.  It improved, it improved, but it didn't really quite work. There's always still a little bit of need. Yeah, and let's be honest, right? He didn't score goals. He didn't, you know, it's passing. Sorry, his assist wasn't great, even though some of his passing and how he got us up the pitch and all that kind of thing was good and was probably, was probably our best and I don't think the manager wanted to sell him. But the money for the club, obviously, was too much to tear down for a player who had one year on his contract, who didn't look like he was ever going to sign a new contract. It could tear down to be fantastic business, by the way, selling our Wobby, the way that Jack Harrison and James Garner and Dwight McNeill have become regular providers. So it could tear down to be absolutely fantastic business, but he does seem to have found himself at a club that suits him a little bit more than what Everton did. Well, he's a player that we've always known. You should get him in as an exact role and do everything he wants you to do as a team to facilitate him. He's a good player. Yeah. He isn't, yeah, he always could have got more goals and more goal contributions in the Everton team, but he can't perform well and have those little moments that just helped the team in the attack. It was a good deal for both parties because you mentioned the contract situation and the money made it beneficial for Everton.  It's our job to show Harry Wilson down. And we don't know about the striker situation with suspensions and injuries, but the team who could score goals regardless, I'm sure whoever it is will be a threat and it's Everton's job to shut them down as we've been shutting teams down the last two weeks. Yeah, they'll make chances and listen, it's not all about him and his. Him and his has become a focal point in the last few weeks and start to score some goals. And that is great. We've seen that with Dominic Arvalune. Center forward doesn't always score the goals, but they give you the focal point to allow the team to get up the pitch. And they have been creating a chance, so it's not just the case of, well, there's no him and his or that's it. They've been spreading the goals around. And it will be a tough game. And there is a lot of expectation going into the game. And it's it's it really, I think it's finally balanced. Obviously, us being home gives us the edge, but they've beaten us the last couple of times at Goulderson as well for going so long with them never winning a game at Goulderson Park. You know, they've got they've won the last two. So yeah, it's a tough one, but it's a quarter final level. They've got to be relishing it and the fans have got to be relishing it and hopefully hopefully we can get through whoever we get in the semi final. It doesn't matter. You know, and again, it's just about getting into it and then seeing where you are when it comes around. So and at the moment we we are good, but in good form and we're making things happen. So there you go. Let us know your thoughts in the comments on this one. I want the mystic eye and what do you think the lineup is going to be? Who do you think will be in and who do you think will be out? Let us know in the comments. Make sure to give this video a like, subscribe if you haven't already. You want more great videos. Join us over on Toffee TV Premiered. Link is in the description on the QR code on the screen now. See you later.


The three most important things I learned as an EFL teacher in Korea. Looking back at my teaching life, I'm very proud of the teaching experiences I've had. Even though my teaching experiences are limited to one culture, Korea, still they are all very special and unique in their own ways. I started my journey as an EFL teacher a couple of years ago, thinking that I could learn other languages myself. I thought that I would move from place to place, possibly different countries, and learn different languages and get various teaching experiences in different settings. However, it turned out to be Korea only. I could soak up Korean culture and learn the language more easily because of my origin. The more time I spent teaching, the more I got to love teaching children and feeling fulfilled. I was very satisfied with the fact that I could help out the children, even a little, to speak English and gradually improve the language skills of the many students I taught. I also have found that some EFL teachers make better teachers than traditional academic ones, as well as having a nudge themselves for learning a language. I have worked in middle schools and elementary schools with primary responsibility for teaching all grades of students in Korea. Where necessary, I have taught extra classes and have spent a lot of time outside working hours with students who required extra help. I have found my role to be both fulfilling and rewarding. I have found that when students feel more comfortable with me, they would try harder and be more active in classes. I do believe that students can feel your enthusiasm in class and they understand the intention. I believe that when I teach students with a truly open mind, they all see me through and get into learning very actively and effectively. Kindness and attention to the students will work wonders. Be caring and enthusiastic. Also, I believe that caring about the students should come first before any kind of teaching is done. Once students open up to you, they'll be eager to accept the knowledge that is provided for them. I feel that we, as teachers, need passion and enthusiasm for the teaching. The students usually sense a lack of enthusiasm quite fast, so the effectiveness of the lesson is lost. Vice versa, if the students feel our devotion to the class, then they'll embrace it greatly. I strongly believe in not giving up on the students when I teach. Once the teacher gives up on the students, they will lose their confidence very quickly. As we all know, confidence is a very important factor in learning a foreign language. How to avoid problems Every EFL teacher can run into some sticky situations teaching abroad and end out of the classrooms. What did I do in these situations? First, I always kept an open mind, even if you don't understand why students do a particular thing, be careful not to jump to conclusions. Secondly, I was flexible, kept options open and avoided judgmental behavior helped me teach well. Thirdly, I try to think of things I really enjoyed or liked about others' culture and embrace differences. Lastly, I love to find or acknowledge cultural differences. Teaching can be demanding and requiring patience from teachers but the outcome of successful classes would make teachers overcome any hardship they encounter while teaching. I'd like to broaden my views into EFL through more in-depth studies in the future and I do wish this will help me carry out more successfully a EFL career in Korea. This will definitely benefit both my students and me. The rewards of teaching Finally, I love getting the rewards of teaching. Just seeing students' faces brighten with joy when the knowledge is understood by them makes me feel like teaching them more enthusiastically. When we do our best, we know it, because we get great feedbacks of comments or just smiles from students. This is the greatest moment of teaching. I have personally found that teaching is both the easiest and hardest task in my professional life. There is no right or wrong answer in teaching as long as we try and find ways that suit each different student. You could be teaching English in Korea sooner than you think. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll-free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.