What's up everybody Jason for jazby's case breaks calm. We're giving away 10 and macadamia mba spots away with this 2021 panini prism multi-pack cello break one pack break number 190 So again guys first we're gonna do the break randomize the customer names and teams distribute the hits out of the cello pack Then at the end of the break will take all 30 customer names that bought in Randomize them again, and the top 10 get in one third If they do one more filler number 191s on the website that would sell out immaculate. So here we go guys Let's dice roll it and do the break first four and a four eight the hard way one two three four five Six seven eight Eight times Nick down to Brian eight times One two three four five six Seven eight times eight times Charlotte Hornets down to the Portland Trail Blazers And again no trades on this because it's just a quick little filler. I'll let you guys see your teams really quick There's your teams really quick and Yeah, James just got a spot in the hard court So did Randy. Thank you, man. Actually, we're done a seven left now So there you go seven left. Let's get it done guys All right, so again, it's just a quick little cello pack So trade when it closed guys. That's LeBron tribute Brian Forbes, Tlinga Pella and Poku emergence little RJ as well So okay, see thunder's a Harry LeBron tribute would be Harry as well This Brian Forbes spurs would be Nick It's two hits of box rando one of them should be a relic or a piece of the hard court with the relic and the other one should be autographed so you get four hits total Four hits total so one autograph per it's it's a two box break right am I looking at this wrong? Yeah, two box break. So there's two hits in every box just one of them will be autographed the other one won't be Now there is potential though. I have seen some boxes have two autographs, but usually if it is two autographs It's not like I mean these players are great, but not like the biggest players I should say I think I've seen one time that it'll be like a Drexler and like, you know Like Markel folds or something. I don't know, you know something like that where it's like not the craziest names But all still great players though All right, let's switch things guys and let's do the randomizer now So here's a dice for the number top ten get in here's the names roll Two and a one three times one two three Boom two and a one three three times top ten or and so Nick just missing out down to Brian Frank But Brian Frank you made it top ten Jose you're in Jay you're in Harry you're in Brian Frank you're in Harry Brian Harry Brian and Nick There you go Two and a one three times. So boom top ten are in you paste your guys's names in here. This was mosaic 190 so I appreciate you guys the next ones in the store Jaxby's case breaks calm


Try to go natural. Hi everyone welcome back to my channel as you can see I got my haircut I'm just super excited super relieved. It just feels so light I'm just so looking forward to life for this haircut. You guys know I've been wanting to cut it all last year I just love the length like she just did it like perfectly in terms of what I want in terms of length and shape So I'm just loving it The last time I did a big cut I pretty much got it cut curly this time I wanted to get it cut straight or just to make it easier to do my twist out because you know my shrinkage in the back Is a lot more than in the front so I wanted it to be kind of levelish straight ish So that when I do my twist out is ever be more even bought to the downside I guess we're gonna see how it looks when it's curly So my hair is pretty symmetrical in terms of shrinkage It does shrink different amounts, but it shrinks about the same by horizontal layer So I think I should be fine. We are about to find out So I don't usually put any here in my hair at all. So even though this is just to blow out I am still just a little bit nervous So as soon as I got it back to curly, I'd be just relieved.  Okay. I'm nervous. So I'm gonna get in and do my clarifying. I'm gonna do protein treatment I'm gonna decondition Then I'm going to do my wash and go and you'll see what we have at the end So let's get to the work. I guess it's gonna be like the fastest wash day ever too I'm so happy because it's already pretty much the tangle. I just have to clarify the condition protein treatment All right, let me not talk about it Let me just get started. Yeah, you'll see what this looks like curly. So basically from straight ish To curly from blown out to curly. Let's see what we get This is like the first time you guys are seeing my hair like this in a long time I think I showed you guys a little before but I may not have here before like when it was longer on my instagram I mean it was let's go after just wetting. I don't know about you guys, but Just wetting alone is enough to rid with my hair from a real blowout stuff But you can see already the shrinkage. I'm totally wet, but if it shrinks reasonable I'm happy like no matter how short it is. It shrinks reasonably. I'm happy I don't keep going I'm going to be using the elastic soothing men clarifying shampoo. Hope you guys can see that So I have used it once before off the shampoo round one. You can see it shrunken up a lot so We'll see like if it just looks completely crazy. I'm gonna have to go get a curly cut on top of it This is just going straight out and then this is like To get more suds and kind of make sure it's done because you know It still feels really soft and amazing But that's partly because of how much gum they probably had on top of that So I'm going to give it one more shampoo and then do the protein treatment This is my hair after round two of the clarifying shampoo. It is probably even more shrinking. Definitely looks fully reverted Um shampoo shrunken now like it may Relax a little bit when I conditioner But this is what we're looking like for now in terms of chillerage and marula and quinoa damage control parts of conditioner I like to use a protein conditioner After like what I consider very heat for me. It's a blow for others. It might be like a straighten But yeah about the shape but I love it being short. It's just a nice rich creamy conditioner really sweet scent Have to be time to top and bottom now This is tough just kind of going this way and then going through the bottom So to like do this and kind of be like a button You turn a little top the tango interesting Slash work through As you can see the slip is fine. It's not like the most slip I've ever had but like no issue either So I would say probably like a seven and a half gate on a tenth of a slip Yeah, with what I do want to kind of just run up them and not comb through it I feel like I want to do that. I used to do that when my hair was short Like it is now status so far Super cute I can't wait for the wash and go to just really see like a dry shrimp kitchen everything But like if this is how it looks dry, it's one of my favorite length dry So I'll be happy to go back to it if it looks something like this dry But we'll see But I'm super psyched already The partners look a little long but this box shrinks a lot more in a try than the rest So it should be all okay when it's dry A protein treatment. I don't do heat or anything. I sometimes do but I'm not really in the mood Intreatment Fully reverted moisturize see to just eat condition and then wash and go and then let the washing go dry and then Was spinning ever but yeah so fast so good as you can see Just love the shirt. This isn't the bath. Just these little teeny-meeny Listen to she said deploy honey and argon master. I got um this black fry that protein treatment is moisturizing as well Big chop at least in recent history So I want to see like how much of my experience before was because I was new at it offering from the relaxer Like just all the different things and how much of it was due to my length and just everything, you know So science experiment and I look just look at this Just this like an easier faster drying time out of Tuesdays like I'm just curious to see How things are gonna go down conditioner go of course like I said, I'm using it on already moisturized here So it may not be the most objective test, but so far loving this deep conditioner And I guess I'll use it again and let you guys know When I can just put on the conditioner and just start talking to you guys I found a deep conditioner used like barely a quarter. So definitely less product is a is a pro and as usual Wow, I used a lot less products. Did I buy too much products for my Friday now? I guess I probably didn't even before this but Definitely using less product so far Maybe it's like, okay, you have to have bring the slip loving the moisture loving the scent of this. It just smells like sweet fruity Honey-ish after I do like a bottom I'm in this top the candle a top just kind of slides off and doesn't go through Guess I can make it go It's hard to kind of pick up the bottom of the shorter bottom from the top here I have to like do this and then go in to get the bottom Okay, I'm gonna let us sit on the back a little bit I'll do like little kind of cross section and under curls that were Not shown before that are like hey guys. So I'm back after deep conditioning as you can see My hair is soft super moisturized Even moisture like this is like the perfect length for me like if it was dry this way Even more when it's shorter like it's fully dry to see what we got But so far I'm loving it I'm pretty sure I love the shorter length too. I just love Just being done like this royal honey and agon deep conditioner as well My hair feels super soft and moisturized like if you're looking for a penetrating but slightly Like rich and creamy but with slip Like this is like just a perfect combination deep conditioner So I feel like it's slept on because I haven't heard much about it, but my hair feels amazing Looks amazing so I do think I've been repurchasing this royal honey and agon deep conditioner as well So Black Friday win already So now we're gonna section I'm not sure exactly this section will go with the back But let's see. This is the section after really saying I can soften and leave in milk Okay, I'm loving this so much y'all will never understand It just feels so cute to be just done I really love short hair and it's not too short to rake or anything So this is like a good length section I can still rake up. I didn't put too much This is my hair. We're doing it with some uncle funky's daughter curly magic, which I haven't used in a while. So 16 Gel again section again. This is my hair after applying on funky's pretty much the finished product minus the shaking of the drying So, yeah, welcome back short hair Loving it so far Just waiting to see how it dries to like the final. Okay. This is what we got So let me shake it out get my volume and then I'm back when it dries for myself And we'll see what we have when it dries That's you guys the final shrinkage. I'm loving it takes me back to my big job days Just and I just feel so cute and style like I've been wanting to do this for a long time I really think like my big job was super cute and Kind of been wanting to get back to that One I wanted the look and two I just wanted to see if things would be different or what would be different I really miss my little undercoils like this This part of my hair is like more coily And the top part is a little bit more stretched out I'm going to get longer this top part kind of covers the bottom part So I'm cute. I'm like loving like seeing this kind of side action going on again Even the top is a little bit more coily When it's shorter and a little bit more like s-shaped when it's longer So even this part like I'm like in the coils that I'm seeing like it's more coily now You can see the end of it is kind of more Um, like a little bit more of a o or more of a coil and less of a s So, yeah, definitely enjoying the length and enjoying the shape and just enjoying the short hair So go to this year Hair might even be an annual occurrence. I don't know But I'm definitely looking forward to this year and just kind of seeing it grow out some more It hasn't been this short since before I really started my youtube channel So I can probably show you guys some pictures from before like um closer on to my big chop and stuff Just to kind of show you how it was And I guess you guys can see the shrinkages really because you can imagine this is like I think About here, I forget how long it was But this is like about hair and this is what it goes to seeking imagine when my curly hair was down here Like it was really like mid back length definitely is a lot shorter than it was a month ago And I'm loving it so far. I definitely use less product and so far it still takes just as long to dry I now know for sure that dry time has a lot to do with thickness more so than length because using the exact same Drying style as before I cut it. It's taking pretty much the same all the time to dry I don't really like the feeling but maybe I don't know maybe one day So that's it looking forward to the year looking forward to trying my products and just doing everything with my hair like this Yeah, I don't think anybody was attached to my length since it was shrunken all the time I know there's a lot of people who weren't too excited about my cut Like I don't feel like I lost anything. I feel happy. I feel relieved. I feel like a way to Loving bringing my little coils by these little cutie wooties So overall, I'm just loving it. That was it.  Do you like short hair?  Are you going for? Um, a toe length like what are your length goals? I guess let me know. Let's talk about shrinkage Let's talk about length. Let's talk about how you like to get your hair cut because this is like A blown out cut whereas before I got a curly cut and I can't see from my pictures before or there is somewhat of a difference in terms of In terms of the shape, but it's like a small difference. It's not that much because for me. I feel like my shrinkage Like in terms of horizontal strips my shrinkage is pretty symmetrical I'm just shout out to all the products that I use. I actually love all of those products I would be purchased all of them the clarifying shampoo did the thing The deep conditioner was awesome. Just that she scented goodness the moisture to slip. Yes. Yes. Yes Same thing for the leave-in the moisture to slip the definition all of it was present I haven't seen too much in our right honey and argon line, but you guys are Missing out if you haven't tried it definitely try it And then I found another video featuring it or if I featured on this with that They definitely deserve shout outs for that. Of course the funky the killer region Love both of those products. So definitely want to shout out all the products used not sponsored, but They did good. So if you guys want to try them, you can So thanks for watching. See you in the next one. Bye


Thanks for checking out this movie review video. This is for the 1987 release Evil Dead 2 And yes, this is one I've owned for quite some time. This also much like the Evil Dead, which I recently reviewed I have not seen in quite a while Not nearly as much Evil Dead the original the Evil Dead and been like 20 years since I had seen that one This one probably closer to like 10, but still a lot of years. So the interesting thing is that Looking back before I had rewatched them, you know, just very recently I had been thinking man I really prefer Evil Dead 2. I like that so much more Well after watching them back-to-back now as I'm much older I really prefer the original a lot more and a lot of that has to actually do with tone of the film there are some things that I appreciate more about the second one like kind of upping of some of the gore and You know a little bit of the comedy I kind of like but overall the tone I like that it was more of a serious tone in the first one with a little bit of comedic hints to it in the second one It seems like I'm not really digging the slapsticky stuff after watching the first one because Watching the second one even though I do quite like it still It just makes me really want a sequel that was more like the first one. It was more Serious with maybe just little hints of comedy. I guess it's just like that three stoogey Slapsticky thing which it is three stoogey because as I've found in many places research-wise Sam Raimi was a big fan of three stooges So he intentionally when he was doing comedic stuff would kind of make it like that and you know Like speeding up the camera work is one of the ways that he did it with a lot of the slapsticky stuff. So anyway Evil Dead 2 Directed by Sam Raimi after his flop film that he did with the Coen brothers crime wave Which has been said almost killed Raimi's career. Thankfully, there were people still interested in doing the Evil Dead type films It was written by Raimi and also scotch Spiegel who did the films thou shalt not kill unless Which Bruce Campbell is in intruder the rookie the nut house and dusk till dawn to Texas blood money Which I've not seen that one, but maybe I'll do the whole series of dusk till dawns. Is that a bad idea? I don't know put a comment down there Obviously Bruce Campbell's back in this the other thing that's interesting to note is that Showing up in this film as the character of Annie is Sarah Barry who I thought did a pretty good job She only has one other real feature length film movie credit Acting wise and that's in chud to bud the chud and she's just in there as onlooker So what happened what happened was was Evil Dead 2 too much for her and then she was done I don't know the budget was three and a half million dollars and it ended up making ten point nine million. So yes still Quite profitable much like the first film. Oh, excuse me. I'll move my life just a little bit there Sorry fixing things while recording not the best but do it again Anyway, Stephen King brought the project to producer Dino De Laurentis Which is cool because if you remember when I was talking in the review the first one It was Stephen King who really got Eyes on the Evil Dead because he had seen it. He loved it He did a very positive review on it and really pushed it out there And then that's when New Line Cinema decided to pick it up because it gained so much steam now here's Stephen King again helping them out and Getting helping to get the second film made so he went to Dino De Laurentis for this who was a producer at that time on the film He was working on Maximum Overdrive, which was is it the only film that Stephen King has directed? It's at least the first that he directed. I think it might be the only film. He's directed I'm sure someone will have that info for me in the comments And after talking to him. He was able to get him to agree to bankroll Evil Dead 2 So Raimi had actually this is another interesting connection Raimi had previously been offered to Direct a Stephen King adapted film thinner by Dino De Laurentis and he had passed on that He just wasn't interested. I think he passed on that to do crime wave actually. Yeah Raimi wanted to go the root of the time travel aspect of it and take it back to the Middle Ages Which obviously is what we get for army of darkness But De Laurentis wanted something a lot more similar to what happened in the first film. So he steered away from that so Yeah, but thankfully we got another one and that's why we got army of darkness Which was going to be basically the second film if it wasn't for Dino De Laurentis saying hey my money Let's not do it that way. So pretty interesting which army of darkness came out in 1992 and I will be doing a review of that one as well One of the concept steps almost used for this film And I'm glad they didn't use it because it seems really stupid was the idea of a group of escaped convicts Who kidnapped Bruce Campbell and are holding him at the cabin?  I'm glad it was not what they used was better than that So Tom Sullivan returned for the practical effects, but he wasn't alone He also worked with Vern Hyde Doug Besswick and names people will know Mark Shostrom and Greg Nick Taro Much bigger names than Hyde and Besswick and Sullivan for that matter The possessed hand aspect of the film was actually derived from a short film that Spiegel had made when many years prior and Very this is very funny to me when I was reading it So that short film he made about that possessed hand was inspired by the advertisements for the hamburger helper You know, it's like the glove hand that like talks So he had this idea of like someone having possessed hands. So that's how it got there That's a weird so really you can tie Evil Dead 2 to hamburger helper, which is just It's very odd Ted Raimi plays Henrietta in this the Deadite Henrietta Which was the mother of Annie's character who became a dead item was in the basement of the place So Ted Raimi literally Sweated buckets when he was in that full outfit apparently it was insanely hot And it was so bad that in-between takes Greg Nickatero would come over and they'd have to like dump the sweat Out of the suit into Dixie cups and then go and like throw it out because they didn't you know It would start ruining the suit if it was so waterlogged and apparently if you really pay attention in some of the scenes where Henrietta Where Raimi's in the Henrietta outfit you can see like sweat running out of the ear hole one of the ear holes I couldn't see that when I was watching but apparently can So rumor has it there was a Freddy glove that appears in the film Which a lot of people talk about now rumor has it that it was actually borrowed from the set of Nightmare on Elm Street 3 Dream Warriors because Mark Shostrom at that time was working on that for practical effects So I don't know if that's accurate. It's like this rumor thing that he just took it from the set Use it for the day for shooting and then took it back. I mean that would make sense But then again, maybe they kind of like just made their own I don't know now something to kind of clarify from my review on the Evil Dead Is that I was talking about the how in the basement scene when they first go down there There's a partially ripped poster and it's for the Hills have eyes So I didn't know the connection at that time To the Hills have eyes, but there is this series of connections So apparently in the Hills have eyes There is in the trailer a ripped poster for Jaws Now as a nod to Jaws, you know, West Craven really liking Jaws So in the Evil Dead Sam Raimi decided to do the same thing and he put the ripped poster in the basement for the Hills have eyes As a nod to West Craven. So after that and what ended up happening is in a nightmare on Elm Street They had a West Craven had Evil Dead showing on the TV I think it's part when one of the characters is falling asleep I think Johnny Depp's character maybe and then after that in return was the Freddy glove showing up in Evil Dead 2 So I thought was this cool kind of back and forth if people didn't know about it But maybe you did I don't know in which case sorry to bring it up again I Don't really like the narration in the beginning of the film The stop motion that goes along with the narration is cool And I always appreciate old-school stop motion any time I could watch like a Ray Harryhausen film I'm down I'm gonna be watching the original Clash of the Titans in the next few weeks just for fun because I Love the stop motion stuff. Plus. That's just a fun movie But I do think they really should have stuck just for revealing backstory for this film They should have kind of did it the way they did in the first one, which is just go through those recordings Which they do it a little bit a little bit or later on in the beginning of Evil Dead 2 But I just it then reinforces to me like why do you have these two ways that you're revealing backstory? So to start it with that narration and the the stop motion once again stop motion is cool But you just don't need it and it's a weird way to start and I just I didn't like that aspect. Sorry. It's not my thing I'm not sure why They chose to change the events of the first film. It just seems like a really odd thing to do like The friends are gone. They don't even exist I guess some people could say that it was like a time travel type thing then Although there's really no indication that that's the case It just seems like they just kind of rewrote history with the first film You know, they do show that he had you know Linda's a girlfriend and she turned into a deadite And he had to kill her but there's no friends involved or anything the house isn't all screwed up The bridge thing never never happened. It happens later Or no, it did happen actually that actually did happen, but Just the fact that they changed some events. I don't understand I think it just would have made a lot more sense if they just picked up where the first one literally left off Where the the evil is rushing through the woods rushes through the cabin and hits Bruce Campbell. They do that again In Evil Dead 2, but I don't understand why they had to recap that and change the past. I just I just don't get it but Subscriber uncle Pete to my channel has told me that what he does is he watches the Evil Dead And then when he watches Evil Dead 2 he just skips the beginning portion and just starts where Bruce Campbell gets hit with the evil Smart idea. I think I'm gonna do that going forward So the puddle at the ash ends up in when he's kind of like the evil is trying to take him over After he gets hit with it It seems like a callback to the mirror that turned into a puddle in the evil dead Now it then is used again When mirror when ash sees himself in the mirror and then the mirror ash jumps through and starts choking him and then it reveals That he's choking himself Then ash turns back to normal when he sees a mirror that mirror like pendant that Linda had on her as her necklace so I think it's a very interesting thing where they're using this mirror concept of Turning from good to evil and evil back to good Which is interesting too because it then shows that there's the ability for people to be reminded of something and basically Force the evil out of their body Because the pendant is what kind of does that for ash and it happens again later I'll talk about that but it happens with Henrietta as well So I'll just bring it up again then Like in the first one the curled up bridge is a cool visual especially the wide shot. They didn't do a wide shot in the First movie but in this one like that wide shot just looks so cool It gives you an idea of how big the chasm is that they would have to get past You get so much more of the evil rushing through the woods and it still looks great It's still amazing and one of my favorite things that is kind of more of a slapsticky thing was When it's chasing ash throughout the cabin in the beginning, that's fun. You know it's slapsticky It's funny, but it's fun too. So I quite like that The the piano playing itself and then it turns to kind of background music for ash Getting sentimental and sad about the fact that he lost Linda I thought that was kind of a cool transition because at first it's like oh the deadites are here They're playing the piano and then it just like transitions to like his emotions and him experiencing these intense emotions And then it becomes just the the soundtrack to that and it was just an interesting cool moment Linda's dancing body outside is kind of that next level of the deadites messing with people I talked to my first review about how I think it's so cool that this is like a new type of evil when the movie came out That the deadites aren't just in one mode where they just want to kill kill kill They want to screw with people they want to mess around they want to instill fear and just have fun And then they'll try and kill you or convert you to a deadite and I just I love that aspect of it now The dancing body is the next level of that next craziness more fun more messing around and I just like that. I think it's cool Keeps it fresh and fun The struggle with Linda's head is the first real slapsticky thing in the film You could argue that him being chased through the cabin is kind of slapsticky But like a real slapsticky is him like trying to like whack in the head against the walls and everything And then he takes it to the shed and does his thing Which is a good scene but The slapstickiness is just It doesn't jive with the first film to me The speeding up of scenes adds to that comedic aspect like I was talking about it's three stooges esk But for me, I kind of prefer to go without that nowadays Ash chainsawing his own handoff shows his level of fight and that he's just unhinged enough to do whatever it takes To overcome these deadites and survive and that's kind of the point you get with ash in this film Like he does what it takes to survive in the first one But it's taken to another level in the second film obviously seen by that scene Where people don't see coming if you're watching it the first time where he just like saw right down And how maniacal he is when he's doing it and like laughing basically He's like he's on it's like I was saying he's unhinged at this point and he will just do whatever To go forward Like it iconic scene the whole sequence of his fight with his hand Feels very tom and jerry cartoon to me Do you guys think that put it in the comments like it's it totally feels like slapsticky to a point where it's a tom and jerry cartoon And then it's awesome how he like shoots into the wall. There's a little bit of blood that comes out and then it's just this Gushing of blood just flying all over the place like those types of things Like crazy amounts of blood in scenes are things that I always appreciate. I always find funny. I always find entertaining Uh good times It's such a demanding role for camble is one thing that occurred to me while i'm watching this It's very it's very physical role for him. And the other thing is he's a large focus of the film Even though there are other characters who show up. He's carrying the film and for the first 40 ish minutes or so It's just him pretty much and tell people the other people make it to the actual cabin It's mainly just him, you know, they do kind of have those cutaways where they're showing the other people getting there But they're so quick The idea to have deadites change in many ways keeps things feeling extremely fresh And you really don't know at that point, you know, what's coming next and that's cool Like you want to be watching a film like that where it's like, I don't know what's gonna happen next Like what's coming and that's great that they do that because all the changes that were done in the first film They do a little bit of that in the second film, but then they go further Uh biggest example is, you know, henryetta, you know, when her head like turns into this other Weird-looking demon and then it elongates into this huge neck, you know things like that Just cool keeps it fresh and cool The idea or so I don't understand how the deadites blood is green all of a sudden and that's that's when it came when Uh ash was chopping up ed after he turned then he's just like, you know, chop him up with the accent It's just this green blood flying I don't understand that it seems very out of place because at no other point Was the deadite blood Green so I don't under Like it just doesn't make sense. I don't understand why they did that They could have just used the red blood they've been using. I just don't I don't get it. I don't get it The reappearance of the hand is awesome when it eventually happens when it's holding, um Oh shoot, what's her what's her name? Bonnie joe when it's holding Bonnie joe's hands She's like, why are you still holding my hand jake and he's like, I'm not holding your hand and you see it's the hand That reemergence of the hand is awesome because you forgot about the hand at that point Like you literally thought that ash took care of that problem When he shot it through the wall But you didn't see it die and then it shows up again And I love that and then it plays a role later when it stabs annie in the back with a candarian dagger Love it. I love the reemergence of the hands very smart When the tree ends up going out after bonnie joe outside You think they're headed to another rape scene and they kind of elude to it with the way it kind of like touches Her face and kind of like rips or clothes a bit, but then they back away from it So it's kind of one of those things where it teases you where it's like You're like, oh no, are they going to do the same thing again? And then they don't then she just gets dragged through the through the forest There's always that character that has to force everyone else into an even more dangerous situation And that ends up being jake in this film. There's always that really stupid stupid character who does exactly what you shouldn't be doing in that situation and that's jake taking ash and um Annie at gunpoint and taking them outside, which is where all the evil is and he knows that he's a moron But what you don't see coming about that is that ash then ends up getting turned again And he becomes evil and that's something that doesn't really happen in films I wrote about that the main hero the hero The main hero being controlled by evil as much as ash is in this film is a very very uncommon thing in horror It's a very uncommon thing in film in general when you have the protagonists are usually very very very pure We've gotten away from that over time, but back in 1987 it was still geared more towards that So the fact that there are substantial amounts of time in this film where ash is evil ash Is crazy.  Where do you think all that blood's coming from? He's done. He's done. I love that scene. Maybe my favorite scene in the film One of the most badass scenes in movie history is when ash ends up attaching that chainsaw to his wrist His stump of a wrist and then he uses it to cut the barrel off of that shotgun making a sawed-off shotgun And just that image of him with the chainsaw hand and the sawed-off shotgun One of the most badass things in film period Do you agree with me? You should Between ash going back to normal from looking at the necklace which I talked about before And henry edda pausing for annie singing the lullaby because that's how It doesn't you know, it doesn't turn henry edda back But it there's a moment where it's kind of like it's henry edda Repossessing her body to a degree because it pauses the deadite That establishes that there is a way to turn people back from being deadite, which is interesting because It it then goes back to what was introduced in the first film of the deadites being more of like a possession thing Not so much as like getting bitten and it's like a zombie even though I do talk about In my first review about this feeling like the next Evolution of zombies It's just got that possession aspect to it and especially because it could be driven out somehow And what it has to do with mainly it seems like it's something very sentimental having to do with a loved one So it's interesting and then if you know if ash would Kind of understand that I think it would make it even harder for him to come to terms with the fact that he killed a bunch of people Who had who were you know possessed by deadites? Ash is the only survivor at the end Yet again, which I don't know if people saw that coming or not I think when I first watched it I assumed that annie would probably end up living because she kind of Becomes a love interest so I was like oh she'll live but then she gets stabbed in the back with the hand I was just like okay, which I like, you know keep people guessing And then the the medieval ending Um, it's so wacky. It is so out there I think that's another thing that kind of just made me not love the tone of this as much as the first one But one thing that I think The very end with the medieval times does indicate and does demonstrate that I think is a cool thing Is that it basically states that ash is doomed to an eternity of battling the deadites? Which is basically what ends up happening Because you know army of darkness and then the show Obviously he adds a stint of not dealing with that stuff, but you know it happens again. So I like that Um and then some my final thought so what pervades this film much like the first one is a deep fear of nature Because of the unknowns at harbors now. I'm not saying that from the aspect of that reigning meant this. I'm just saying as one of the things that ends up being in horror films In general is a kind of fear of nature and that ties into human nature It's used a lot in horror and is most likely due to a long-standing human fear of nature Because it can't fully be controlled. It's this kind of unknown of nature You know humans can control things to a degree when they're in an actual like city or suburbs or whatever When you get out into the middle of the woods and it's just you and a bunch of friends You're kind of at the whims of nature and nature from the aspect of animals there in this case a you know Ants uh an ancient evil that people didn't know existed or you know the elements, you know A hurricane a you know Storm whatever, you know So it it's just something that's embedded in humanity of kind of having a bit of a fear Of nature and mainly you know not as much people who live in rural areas But mainly where we've gone for you know people living in suburbs and people living in the city So it for that reason ends up serving as a good backdrop for horror Just because it brings this element of kind of like anything can happen because it's not very well controlled Whereas if it's happening in the city a lot of the horror elements would probably be tied more to Other humans or human stuff or at least they're in an environment where things are controlled human wise If that makes any sense, but just my theory Anyway, thanks everyone for checking this out. I need to give this a rating So I I gave a four and a half to the evil dead. So this is definitely not a four and a half I think for me Yeah, I think it's I quite like it, but I don't know that I can give it a four.  I think it is one less Than the evil dead But still good, obviously. So, um, yeah, that's my rating Anyway, uh, do me a quick favor hit that subscribe button That's your best way to repay me if you like any videos. I do this one or any other one It's really quick for you to do and it means so much to me It really does and it means a lot for my channel growth So I would appreciate that and if you are going to do that also hit the notification bell that way you know anytime I'm putting up new videos for reviews or doing live streams or sometimes I do other types of videos, which you know Haven't done any of those in a while, but it'll happen Anyway, uh, regardless, thanks for taking your time to watch this and until next time. Keep it brutal


Don't flop every link you need is on the screen right now it's don'tflopshop.com if you like the guns every other link as I said is on the screen right now okay we chose off camera and who's got first? Big J? All right my brother first battle of the day first round of the day Manchester versus London is on big J let's go.


Gavno, a rotimi occurred below Fondo State, has clarified that Idris Ojo is not one of the suspected masterminds of the over-church attack. The Gavno gave the clarification in a statement issued by Chief Press Secretary Richard Olatinde on Wednesday, house after Ojo was named as one of the suspects in the June attack. Fresh news updates


The Feed My Sheep food pantry in Prestonsburg has been serving the community for over 20 years, feeding an average of 150 families a month in parts of Prestonsburg, Martin and Allen. It is becoming increasingly difficult to keep enough food in the pantry to fulfill the needs of the community. The Dairy Queen and Martin provided a way for folks to put food in the bellies of local families in need while getting their bellies full this evening. We're not getting no fee my money and what we've been getting, our church has been a kicking in, but it's getting tighter all the time. From six to nine o'clock we're having a fundraiser and they give us back 10% of all their proceeds for tonight. You know that's that's another blessing. Without the Feed My Sheep food pantry, many families would not know where their next meal came from. Every end of the month is rough for us so come down here and Tom helps us out. He always has popsicles for the kids. I mean he's a great guy. A lot of people depend on it. I have probably 10 friends that depend on coming here and I don't know what they do or where they go. There's really nowhere to go to get any food. There's no food pantries left. If you would like to help the Feed My Sheep food pantry, you can send a donation to the address listed on your screen. Reporting from Prestonsburg for EKB News, I'm Sean Allen.


This video is brought to you in part by TrueTechTools, quality tools, essential support. All right guys, what's up? Today we are working on a walk-in cooler here. Got a little biohazard stuff inside there. It's all warm. Nothing major, just PPE stuff that probably might be contaminated. Anyhow, it's not wanting to run. Just popped this top off of it. Got a green-site glass, motor looks oily. Coil, can't tell if it's really that dirty or not. We're going to check and see what's causing it not to run. The evaporators are running down below and I'm kind of just wondering do we have a fan? Yep, might have a fan out. High pressure switch trip. Looking at that fan motor there, looks like it very likely could be bad. Couple of gauges on it. Ooh, look at that. That's not good. Holy mackerel.  The fan came on, but I still have my lingering doubts on it. I'm going to replace that fan motor. We'll let it run for a minute here. We'll see how that condenser fan looks, certain denser fan. Yeah, just the condenser coil looks. Let's test out our fan control there. We'll shut that off by pushing down on that and when it kicks on, we're going to hold this. You see how much starting torque this thing has. I'm also going to see where it kicks on at. 150. That's quite a, there it's coming on. I mean, it's got pretty good starting torque. Makes me think the motor's not really that bad, unless it's got a bad spot. Let's see where it trips out at here. Maybe it's false in too early. About 215-ish area. Not very high. It's double what it's running, but coil seems a little dirty too. At least it feels warm. The receiver's definitely warm. I'm thinking what we need to do is replace the motor, wash the coil, adjust that pressure switch. It's pretty, pretty clean. I mean, it's got some restriction in there for sure, but I'm going to wash that out and then see if we can get numbers off that motor. Adjust that up. It's a little higher on the pressure trip and see where we're at. This thing just came back on. I don't understand how that clicks if it's auto reset. I wonder if we got a pressure switch that's not functioning. Reached that one time, but not the next. Kind of weird. Come over here. This is where we're working at. So it is getting cooler in here already. A little bit of a rattle trap. I'm going to wash this out too. If there's anything to trip out, I'm going to try to make this thing run as best as possible.  Our head pressure looks like it came down a little bit. Looks a little better than it did. We added a piece of split tubing here. I took a regular poly tubing and quarter inch split razor knife, split it on there. That's what we've done here in the past. Keeps these things from vibrating and breaking off. It also protects them from rubbing into things. Works really well. I got the numbers off the motor. Evaporator's clean. What I think I'm going to do, get that motor ordered, get a new one. I'll put some oil in it for now to keep it going. But I have my lingering doubts about that pressure control. Why did it reset one time and not the next? So I'm really thinking it may not be a bad idea to replace it too. You can see that button there. How much it vibrates. It's not looking very good. We're going to go ahead and replace this fuel pressure switch. I talked to the guy in charge. He okayed it. So we're going to go and pump her down. We'll get that switch replaced and we're going to order that motor. Both of them are pretty wore. The whole unit's old. I mean it used to be or might still be R as well. That's what it looks like. Now when it does pump down, the liquid line will stop here and it'll go blank as you can see. But this here will have pressure on it. We've got it pumped down here at the receiver. Now we're going to valve off the suction and discharge lines at the compressor that will isolate just the compressor from the rest of the circuitry. You figure the pressure is from the discharge to the receiver is still live. So when we valve that off it's going to have just a little bit in the piston area but then we'll be fine after that. We're going to take this off. We'll reuse it. No sense of splitting it all over again.  Make it a little easier. So we've got our lume on there. All of our lines are away from anything sharp. So it comes down up. It's wire tied there. Comes across. Got relief bins here. Everything should be fine. Got that new piece there. So should be able to let her roll again and get the power turn back on. Yeah, make sure you use the nylog on the flare fittings. That way it lubricates the front and back of the flare and it turns right without scalding or galling the copper. Now we should be able to open up our suction and now we've got to do a test to make sure our cutout is set correctly. I've got it set somewhere in the 20 to 25 range with a 15 to 20 degree or 15 to 20 psi differential. So we'll do that here in a second. Make sure we get our discharge open back up otherwise you'll have a bad day. It comes back on. Grattle trap going on. So I don't know where my suction gauge went. I think I lost it.  So we're going to go ahead and just valve off the suction and see where let's see yeah it should work out just fine. So valve this off. See where she cuts out at. It's still about the same resolution as half of the 410A gauge sets out there so it'll work fine. Not so good. Okay let's go ahead and adjust that a little bit. I might have to grab my other gauge. Should work. Revalving it off there. That should pull down on that one there. Hopefully I hooked the right ones up. I think I did. Yeah I'm almost positive I did. Oh you know I think I did do it wrong. Ah yeah I made a mistake. I was visually thinking left side suction. It's not. So we had to put our cap back on there otherwise it'd be obviously getting squirted. So we're gonna pump it back down. Do exactly what we just did and we'll switch those two around. Made a mistake. It happens. Got that corrected. Let's go ahead and open this liquid back up.  Let's look at a PT chart here and see what 12 would be for kick on in cold weather. I'm gonna go with our coldest outdoor temperature. Forgot how low 12 runs. Holy cow. So we're gonna adjust this thing somewhere along the 10-15 inch range for cut in. When you get that low you start getting into the area where your degrees is your pressure. It's pretty much corresponding together. So let's see how that comes in there. Revalve that thing off on the suction side. Watch her go down. Yeah that's way too low. Yeah we're gonna have to switch that differential a little bit. Just turn back up. About 15-ish. We got the valve still partially open so we're coming on about 15. And let's see where we shut off that. Yeah that don't like that. We're gonna have to do it off the liquid side. Yeah it's a little bit screwy there. I don't know how these valves hold or not. We'll make rapid cycles. We're gonna watch for it. Yeah cut out. It's still going. I don't like it going down that low. So let's just raise the cut in a little bit there. See how that does.  There we go. Kevin Compass from Advanced Refrigeration Podcast. He says he likes to do it with the nitrogen tank or whatever at the refrigerant tank and uses gauges back of the truck and I can see how that would definitely make it a lot easier. As you can see it's not holding real wonderful because the valves probably didn't or either aren't holding or we're leaking a little through or we still had enough refrigerant in the system and it doesn't want to come you know go completely down. Let's go ahead and kick it one more time. We may have to tweak it just a little bit and run a little lower than we want because I don't want this to rapid cycle. So 15, valve it off. Yeah it's about two. It's not quite where I want. Let's go ahead and do the differential this time. Just a little bit of a spring turn there. See how that goes. We're gonna have to get real close to zero. Otherwise she's gonna rapid cycle back and forth. It's been forever since I've done an R12 style system so I don't remember exactly where we normally set it at. I know the box is going to be in the 30s outdoor temperature. Although it's pumped down it's still going to sense off the temperature of the evaporator so in theory it really don't matter what the outdoor temperature is but it can. So it's just one of the things where you got to balance it all. There's one, two pounds and she's going to hold under 10. That's why a lot of people sometimes run over and they will run into a negative a little bit because they know it's going to come back up but it still don't make it right because if you lose the refrigerant it's going to just keep on going and going and going. The degrees are cut in just a touch more. I think we have about 15 degrees. I don't you know honestly I think we're going to leave it alone. Let's leave it there see how it does. So like I said we're going to go ahead and order a new motor for that condenser. We got the new switch on there with high pressure. We probably could test that make sure it cuts out and then just get this thing's order and we'll come back. Okay they set it at about 300 area. I don't know if that's quite where I want to be at but is it 225 before? We may adjust that just a touch. I cranked it in until I hit where I wanted to hit at so we did hit. I don't think we're ever going to hit that high any other time so good enough for that. That will protect us there. Let's go ahead and get this thing back together. Hit the reset once it drops down low enough and we should be good to go. Now what I'm going to do because that motor is probably going bad and maybe it worked one time maybe it won't the next. God dang it.   Hit the button. We're going to go ahead and screw that down so that it's actually auto resetting until we get back. I don't want to have to worry about that while we're gone. It's the weekend so it's going to be at least a few days to get it. All right so we got it cranked in. Go ahead and get our date on here. Green do that when we come back. But yeah one wire tie there and we are good to go. Before we trash it I wanted to check and see what my pressure was before and it was 15, 17 this area which is exactly where we're at now. So to work before it should work again. Going to oil up that motor and then get her done. All right box at temperature at the door open. Grab a hold of the bulb. Let's go back up there and oil that motor. The old zoom spout to see if that helps give me some extra time just in case. But that's going to wrap this one up. All right guys if you enjoyed the video and you want to see more like it please give it a thumbs up. Don't forget to subscribe. Check me out on Instagram and until next time catch you on the next one. Later.


Hello, I am Dr. Bhushan Joshi. I am a consultant neurologist. You can meet me at Manipal Hospital in Khairadi, Pune. So this is an attempt to create awareness regarding stroke treatment, particularly golden R, we call it, in the treatment of stroke. Stroke is a disease where there is lack of blood flow towards the brain, leading to brain dysfunction. Blood flow can be disturbed by roughly two ways. First is rupture of the blood vessel, leading to blood coming out of blood vessels.  So this second mechanism we call it as infarct because of lack of blood flow to brain, death happening of the brain tissue. This is a type of stroke which actually we are interested in today.  So from first minute those blood cells, brain cells starts getting damaged or starts getting to die. If we do nothing within six hours, all of those cells are dead. So exactly these six hours is what we call as a golden hour. If patient comes to us within this time window and we somehow open that blood vessel, remove that blood clot and re-establish the blood flow towards injured or dying brain, we can stop the process of brain injury and potentially we can reverse the brain damage. And we can translate that paralysis into a normally functioning human. So we can do that by two methods. There are injections, two type of injections now available in India and a procedure called as thrombectomy.  If we can do that in first four to six hours, we can re-establish blood flow, we can prevent the death of brain and we can prevent stroke. Fortunately this treatment is available at good number of hospitals across India but unfortunately there is lack of awareness about this golden hour. Patients most of the time come to us after that six hours time window. So we cannot help them. So let us spread this awareness, let us create awareness about golden hour and reach to a stroke-ready hospital and where we can potentially reverse the stroke. Thank you.


In the interest of time, we are going to start again. I think most people are back in the room. So for this second session, we are actually going to focus on generative models. Our first speaker will be Michael Albergo from NYU. We're currently finishing maybe his PhD, not yet. Okay, take it away. Can you hear me okay? Okay, thanks Mary Lou. So yes, I'm going to talk about a topic in generative modeling. It's some work I've been doing with Eric Vanden Eiden and Nick Boffey, who's here in the audience with us at NYU. The topic is going to be what we're calling stochastic interpolants, which we're trying to describe as a unifying framework for flow-based and diffusion-based generative modeling. So just some background on me. I'm not an applied mathematician by training. I'm technically a physicist. I'm interested in problems and computational approaches to quantum field theory, so some things in high energy physics, some things in condensed matter. In addition to that, I'm interested in developing machine learning techniques that are inspired by the underlying physics and the scientific computing demands that come from that. Some people call this ab initio AI. So let's roll with that. Just some diagrams here of some things we might like to compute. This is a strong force of vacuum energy density, things about how you measure what's going on inside of the nucleus of an atom, and some sort of generative model in a manifold related to simulating that. Before I go any farther, I just want to say thanks to my collaborators and mentors, in particular Nick and Eric for instrumental in the work we're going to talk about. So props to them. The agenda today is going to be density, estimation, and sampling with transport maps. So I want to give a little bit of some motivation and background on the flow-based picture of transport, how people use it for generative modeling, and then I'm going to frame the challenge of basically, we don't have the maps that provide this transport up priority, and the challenge is to learn expressive and scalable maps. So one inspiration for that is going to be score-based diffusion, which we know has proven to be very successful of late. What I hope to do is take this transport picture and take the diffusion picture into the unifying together what we're calling stochastic interpolants. So what we'll get from this is an unbiased generative modeling paradigm that allows us to use either deterministic or stochastic processes for the generative process. We'll discuss a little bit what's the trade-off between this deterministic and stochastic process, and ways that we could design these stochastic interpolants for different things we might want to do. So just to frame the problem setup, the goal is to estimate an unknown probability density function that I'm calling row one. We're going to do this in this setting from sample data, and why is this a compelling problem where over the past 10 years, we've gone from drawing black and white digits of numbers to being able to query a large language model to draw, for example, an image of bears acting as chemists in a cartoon fashion in a matter of seconds. What I think is compelling about this trajectory is that the measured transport perspective in these various advances has started to emerge over the past five years or so. In particular, it's well-founded in the diffusion picture. So the transport framework of this is going to rely on the following notions. We're going to introduce what I call a base density, row zero. This is something that's usually like a Gaussian. We want to build a reversible map that I'll call t that pushes row zero onto a target density that I'm calling row one. So if we do this, we get an ability to write down the likelihood, row one, expressly in terms of the transport t. So it relies on this determinant of the Jacobian of the inverse of the transport map given here on the bottom. And this is useful because if you don't know row one, you have samples from it, for example, you could learn this map t in a way that allows you to compute likelihoods under row one. So of course, if we don't have t a priori, we need some estimator t hat to do this. And if you want to be able to compute this likelihood in any computationally reasonable fashion, we need both this determinant term to be tractable. So you'll need to put some sort of constraints on t hat, your approximation for the true map. But you also want it to be maximally on constraint so that in a learning sense, you can learn some sort of expressive map to model your data. Now, this perspective has about a 25-year history now. I mean, you could go back to the 60s if you want to do it. Some early work by Chen and Gopinath on Gaussianization from 2000, Esteban, Tabak, and Eric from 2010, and then Tabak and Turner in 2013, describe learning this map as, OK, it's probably hard to do all at once. What if we break it down into smaller sequential steps? So if I learn a set of tk, and I do this under some sort of maximum entropy perspective, then if I learn them sequentially, then this sort of breaks the learning paradigm down into a simpler task. And in the mid-2010s, Laurent Dyn and Daniela Rosenda and George Papa Macarios spearheaded their collaborators a ways to make each of these tk an invertible neural network to sort of add expressivity to this, turn it into an optimization problem that's amenable to neural networks. But you can imagine, instead of taking many little tk, I could take the k equals infinity limit here. Each tk is infinitesimally small. And this allows me to rethink this transport t as the solution of a continuous time flow. So this flow will be governed by an ordinary differential equation. This is sort of the idea by Will Grathwal, Ricky Chen, and company. And if we do this, this determinant we had to compute turns into a trace over what I'm going to call a velocity field B. It the Jacobian of this velocity field B. And making this exchange allows us to rely on some clever trace estimation techniques to evaluate the likelihood in a better way. There's the advances of the neural ordinary differential equations that make a lot of this optimizable and compatible with neural networks. And we think this is sort of the right way to be thinking about things into the future. So I want to spend some time explaining a little bit what this continuous time flow looks like. What we could do is think about the flow map, which I'll call xt. And this is going to be given by our velocity field Bt. You can think about it at the level of the particles in this form here, where I have some initial condition at time t equals 0. We say that the flow map xt equals 0 is equal to your initial condition x. And that its time dynamics are given expressly in terms of the velocity field B evaluated at the flow map xt. So pictorially, this means something like starting at x0 of x here, and then following these flow lines along this map of the change of the probability density from some rho 0 to some rho 1. But of course, we can also think about this then at the level of the distribution as the picture here suggests. And to do that, we need to think about what I'm calling here a transport equation or a continuity equation that just basically says that the time dynamics of the change in rho t, which is now a time-dependent probability density, is given by a current and the flux of this current, basically telling us that the probability density needs to be conserved as it evolves over time. So if rho t solves this transport equation, then that tells us that our representation of the transport rho tx at time t equal 1 should arrive directly on the density that we wanted to model, which I'll call rho 1 here. Let's see. Oh, I got a notification that the meeting is being recorded. OK, so if rho t solve the continuity equation or transport equation here, then we can rely on Ben-Amore-Brenier theory to say that there exists some velocity field Bt in this continuity equation that does this push forward for us at the level of the samples themselves. And then the question is, how do we find this sufficient Bt such that this continuity equation is preserved, that maps rho 0 to rho 1? So some initial work in this direction was done by Will Grothwell and Company, and they basically proposed to, because we can take the change of variables formula given here in the top right, which is just the continuous time version of the likelihood that I wrote down on the previous slides, we can effectively compute a KL divergence between the target rho subscript 1 and our model rho parentheses 1. And if we do this, then we can perform some sort of negative log likelihood evaluation. If Bt is some big neural network, and we can use clever tricks like the adjoint sensitivity method to compute the gradients of Bt with respect to the subjective function, then we can effectively train these models. The trouble is that computing this objective involves integrating the ODE itself. That means it involves solving these equations given here in the top left every time you want to compute the loss of in your training paradigm. So this is going to be very expensive. And moreover, there are many Bt which would tell you to go from rho 0 to rho 1, and it might be useful to have your learning algorithm choose that path ahead of time. So this sort of asks, is there a simpler paradigm for learning Bt instead of relying on this maximum likelihood estimator? Well, one inspiration for that could be score-based diffusion. We know that this has been a resoundingly successful generative modeling paradigm. I could feed one of these score-based language models the sentence, a brain riding a rocket ship headed toward the moon. And I'll get that image pretty immediately. This is the work of Yang Song, Stefano Armand, sort of built on the ideas of Yasha Sol Dijkstein and Appa Hvarinen. And some of the denoising perspectives of these models goes back to Vincent in 2011. But the main idea is the following. You have a data density. Perhaps it's images of dogs. And you want to devolve these images under some Gaussian noise until, at some time, T equals infinity, this sample has been totally lost. The signal has been totally lost to noise. And this is actually described by a stochastic differential equation called an Ornstein-Olenbeck process, given here in the top. And that seems pretty useful a priori, because it doesn't tell you anything about going backward. But if you look at the SDE that describes the backward evolution from the Gaussian to the data, then what pops up is this term grad log rho T. And that's what we call the score of the density. And if you want to learn a model, for example, that tells you how to go backward from the Gaussian to the data, then it amounts to learning a model for this score function. Because then this SDE is simulable, and you could sample under the data density. Moreover, Song and Company show that there's also an ODE formulation of this. I've stripped down this SDE to be sort of in this basic form, but it tells you how you can write down a deterministic mapping from this case, again relying on the score. So yeah. What is really useful about this perspective? Why does it work so well in comparison to some of the other stuff? We know maximum likelihood is a really useful concept. So how can something be beating it? Well, one idea that we think is quite important is that what's happening here is that there's data available for every time T under rho T through the whole map from rho 0 to rho 1. And this is quite useful because if you can evaluate the path everywhere, then you are effectively choosing a path in the space of measures from rho 0 to rho 1 that allows you to turn this generative modeling into a regression problem. I just need to learn S at every time density rho T. And I could do this now in sort of a quadratic loss form. This is basically saying that if I can fit a model S hat of T to grad log rho T using these score matching techniques of Apo Havarnan, then this simplifies the learning paradigm quite a bit. But there are some limitations to this that may be empirically useful, or maybe not. Go ahead. So you're asking what grad log rho T is with respect to a denoiser. Yeah, so if we go back. So in this picture, what we have is a noise process here that I'm calling dx T equals minus x dt plus square root 2 times some incremental Brownian noise. What's happening is as we go this way, we're adding noise to this image until this signal is entirely lost. The reverse process is not the same as the forward process. What comes up is that you need information about the time dependent density anywhere along this map. If I say this is rho 1, and this over here is rho 0, then I need to know rho T everywhere in the intermediate time. In fact, I need to know the gradient of a flock density. Exactly. Yeah, it's the density that follows this. If you're looking at the deterministic dynamic, it follows this continuity equation. In the other case, it would follow Focker-Planck equation. So they established this simple regression problem. There are a few caveats to this. One is that it requires that you transport to a Gaussian. The OU process relies on this Gaussianity. And so if you want to build a generative model between any other two densities, this is going to be one limitation. The other part is that technically this OU process only converges to the Gaussian in the T equals infinity limit. So in this noising interval, you actually need to be able to evaluate rho T of x or grad log rho T of x across the entire interval 0 to infinity. In practice, this means we have to truncate at some high T. And in doing so, this introduces a slight bias in the model. I will say it converges exponentially quickly, so T does not really need to be that large for this to work decently well. But it's sort of asked the question, once this is thought of as a regression, it's not a priori clear that you need this OU process to make this generative modeling paradigm work. So we can ask, how can we work on a fixed interval, T equals 0, 1? We choose an arbitrary starting density rho 0, and we go to some other density rho 1, and we can build some connection between them that directly gets this velocity field that's in the picture of the continuity equation as I introduced the flow-based transport without having to rely on this OU process, or initially a notion of the score. But we'll see it's kind of still useful.  This is going to be I of T x0, x1, it's a function of T, time in the interval 0, 1, samples from the base density, samples from the target. And importantly, this is a function with the boundary conditions that at time T equals 0, this interpolant evaluates to x0, and at time T equals 1, it evaluates to x1. So the trivial example here is just 1 minus T times x0 plus T times x1. And the takeaway I want you to get from this is that if x0 and x1 are drawn IID randomly from their respective densities, then I of T, this interpolant function, is a stochastic process which samples the intermediate density rho T of x. And we call this sample x of T. So just in this picture, this means if I take any x0, which is this single normal Gaussian to this mixture model at time T equals 1, we can get any smooth interpolation between rho 0 and rho 1 at the level of the density by sampling the stochastic process. So more formally, we would say that rho T of x is equal to expectation over samples from the base density, samples from the target density evaluated along the interpolant under this Dirac delta function. So my claim is gonna be that this does indeed satisfy a continuity equation. If we look at the form of rho T, just as a reminder, this continuity is given here. And you can ask why? And it amounts to intuitively looking at the time derivative of rho T evaluate that we have written up here. So if you expand, if you apply the chain rule on rho T here, you can see that we can rewrite this expectation over rho 0, rho 1 in terms of the, the time dynamics when we take the derivative of the interpolant times the gradient of this delta function, which allows us to write a current density expressly that I'm calling JT of x here. And moreover, if I rewrite JT of x in a way that pulls out the interpolant density, rho T, I can get a form for the velocity field directly. So now we have that BT of x is equal to the current divided by the time dependent density. If you plug this in above, you'll find that we solve this continuity equation generically, writing this as a current. This is true for the case where rho T of x is greater than zero, that we have support. Otherwise, it's gonna be equal to zero. So at this point, it's gonna be useful to introduce a slightly different definition of a conditional expectation with respect to this interpolant xT, okay? So the important party is we're gonna say this conditional expectation of any function f, that's a function of T, x zero, and x one, given that the interpolant is equal to x, is such that the integration under the time dependent density, rho T, is accessible via expectations only with respect to rho zero and rho one. So we can get these conditional expectations with only taking expectations over rho zero and rho one when we have this condition on the interpolant. And if we think about things this way, it gives us a very simple form for this velocity field that before I wrote down is the ratio of a current density over the probability density. If you take the form of the current, you take the form of the density, you write them out, you see that this is expressly a conditional expectation of the time dynamics of the interpolant. So this is nice because we're going to wanna evaluate rho Bt over the time dependent density rho T. And if we can do so by just sampling under our endpoints, then this is maybe a useful paradigm for setting up some sort of optimization. The proposition that I'll make is that the PDF rho T that we just described, satisfying the continuity equation, has a velocity field B, which is the unique minimizer of a simple quadratic objective function. It's basically saying because we can sample under rho zero and rho one to get expectations under conditional expectations under rho T, we can just match a model of the velocity field B hat to the time dynamics of the interpolant evaluated under rho zero and rho one. Of course, taken over the full time interval T equals zero to T equals one. Here I've used some sort of notation to say that X of T is explicitly written as the interpolant evaluated X zero and X one. Okay, why is this nice? Okay, the loss is directly estimable. This allows us then to take something like the score-based diffusion paradigm, but now have a generative model connecting any two densities. Does not require this OU process. And because we're satisfying this ODE, we have likelihood evaluations available to us and sampling is efficient because we have very fast ODE integrators. You can write down a bound between the model density rho one of X and the target rho subscript one. Based on the Vosterstein two distance, I'd say it's maybe a little vacuous because it requires sort of an exponential with respect to the Lipschitz function of a neural network, which is probably not so controlled, but at least you can do it. And it works in practice. For example, what we can have above is this, we have a map from some complicated density in 2D to this checkerboard density over here at time T equals zero to time T equals one. You can see what the interpolant would say the path is. You can see how well the flow learns it. You can benchmark it on the ImageNet data and importantly it scales quite well in high dimensions. So on 128 by 128 by three dimensional problem, we can get this to work decently around a single GPU. But okay, so this only gave us a deterministic map. This was the part of this paradigm that is the flow-based transport picture of things. But we know that score-based diffusion works under stochastic dynamics as well and it might be interesting to think about if we can do something similar to sort of complete the picture here. So indeed we can. And I'll say that it initially just in perspective amounts to learning what we'll call an interpolant score. So this is a score function that's related to the dynamics of the interpolant if we change the interpolant a little bit. So we had this interpolant before I was calling IT of x zero, x one. But now if we add some Gaussianity to the interpolant via a factor here that I call gamma t z where z is distributed as a Gaussian variable and gamma t is such that it disappears at the endpoints then we can make the following proposition. Just relying on the same notion of conditional expectation that I wrote down before. Okay, the exact velocity field bt of x is now not just written in terms of conditional expectation with the time dynamics of the interpolant IT but also with respect to this gamma t z term. Not much has changed. We've just add dt gamma t z to the definition of b here. But you can use the same sort of proof techniques to then show that the score of the time-dependent density rho t is given as minus one over gamma times the conditional expectation with respect to our Gaussian latent variable z. And in fact this minimizes a very similar quadratic objective to the one that we wrote down before. Instead of b we now have an objective function for s. And so now we have a way of learning sort of the score function and can potentially then use it in some sort of stochastic generative model. So, sort of to summarize, before we've described the transport equation given here and learned a velocity field b, right? Now we can think about a Focker-Planck type equation that says because we have the score available to us we can ask what sort of equation does this augmented drift component that I call b forward or backward here which is given as b plus or minus some epsilon times the score that allows us to write down a STE that can be integrated stochastically for as a generative model. It's dependent on bf and it's dependent on the score. So in the first paradigm you can learn either just b hat. In the second paradigm if you wanna have some sort of stochastic dynamics you can learn b and s. But okay, if you can do this is there any sort of trade off between the two? Why would one wanna use the ODE versus the STE? Is there is an accuracy paradigm that we can think about here? We've introduced an epsilon into this stochastic differential equation. Is there any dependency on that? Why would one wanna do this? Well, you could start by asking Nick who's in the audience who has a clever way of showing basically that the following statement. If I have some model density rho hat, okay? I've removed the time in the x from the labeling here just to keep things simple. And I wanna know if I've pushed forward from rho zero to rho one using a deterministic dynamics from that transport equation we gave before given by the velocity here b hat. And I wanna know the KL between pushing forward with the approximate model b hat versus pushing forward with the exact model b. Well, you'll see that the KL sort of expands between these two densities to be a difference of the score terms, grad log rho hat and grad log rho as well as a difference between the drift terms b hat and b. And you would hope that if you've matched b hat to b and you've gotten close at least that this should control the KL. But unfortunately, matching bs is not actually sufficient in this scenario because the Fisher divergence is uncontrolled by small errors in b hat minus b. Okay, but slightly differently, if we think about a approximate model for the forward model of the SDE which we call here bf, which is b hat plus epsilon s then sort of miraculously this problem disappears because the introduction of the score term actually cancels some things in the equations for the KL divergence. And now you can actually control the KL solely based off the difference of the drifts between bf and s. So this is sort of suggestive. It says maybe that we can do better if we use an SDE as a generative model. But, you know, does this mean much practically? There's two scenarios which we wanted to test this. The first one is in the case of Gaussian mixtures. For the Gaussian mixture case, the exact forms of b, bf, the score, et cetera that the velocity fields are given analytically. So we can do the following. We can say, let's look at 128 dimensional Gaussian mixture. Let's take small slices of cross-sections, two dimensions of this so we could visualize things a little bit here. So this here is a cross-section of this high-dimensional density over two dimensions. You can see that what we're looking at here is basically a difference between the true density based off of the analytical solution and the model. And what we'd like is that each frame of this to be entirely gray. That means we've learned perfectly. Where you see red means that we've underestimated the target Gaussian mixture. Where you see blue means that we've overestimated the target Gaussian mixture, or sorry, the other way around. But ideally, you'd like to see just gray which says that these two match exactly. And what we have here is over different values of epsilon, epsilon zero corresponding to the ODE, epsilon four, epsilon 12. We see that there seems to be a sweet spot, a certain epsilon where you do better than you would using the ODE alone or with too much noise added into the stochastic dynamics. And in particular, you can plot the KL by sort of doing some kernel density estimation as we've done here. To see that there is a sort of minimizer of this curve here for B and S. There are a few ways of learning this, but I figured we'd stick with just B and S. We see that sort of falls around epsilon equals five. So we're pretty close to finding an optimal epsilon. The theory says that the optimal epsilon should be a ratio of the losses for B and S. And so maybe this is what this is telling us is that we've learned S a little bit better than we've learned B. But I will say these results are not necessarily generic. If you try this on an image data set, you'll see basically no difference between the models. There's too many small hacks that go into getting those things to work very well. But in the case of Gaussian mixtures, we have things kind of nicely controlled. So the nice thing about this framework, let's go here, is that epsilon is chosen after everything else. So you've learned B, you've learned S, then you're free to choose what epsilon you use in the integration. So you could use the same network for all of them. And then of course, you're comparing it to the analytical solution. So then you can do this. And then the last thing I wanna say is that, now that we've written down this framework of thinking about things in terms of interpolants, there's a, opens up the freedom to ask, okay, what other sort of mappings can we write down? We have set of rules. We have some boundary conditions on the interpolant. It needs to end and begin at the right place. And then of course, if you want the score, then there needs to be some sort of Gaussianity somewhere in the interpolant, either at an endpoint or by including this latent variable gamma tz in the middle. But you can do some different things then, besides just mapping to Gaussian. I thought it might be fun to show a few. For example, you can write down what we call a mirror interpolant, which is just the function x of t equals data from your target density, x1, plus this Gaussian latent variable. And what this is saying is as t goes on, you add noise to your interpolant and then you remove it. But you go from the density, row one back to the density row one. So it's like a map to and from itself. And what this means is that if you have some image, like a flower here with a little bug on it, and you use your model of the score, for example here, you can basically edit these images to change them under stochastic dynamics. You're gonna, depending on the level of noise, change this flower to be another flower in the image data set that is different from the original flower, depending on the scale of the noise. Which is kind of like a weird way of controlling your image generation process. But this may take many SDE steps. It's maybe not the best idea in practice. And then the more conventional one that we're used to thinking about is this one-sided interpolant, as we're calling it, which is saying one of the densities is a Gaussian and you'd like to go to some image set. So again, we can write down the B, we can write down the S, exactly. We can write down our loss functions to do this then. But just a point of stress is that we have, as Hugo was just allowing me to point out, we have to have a tunable amount of diffusion. So this first line here is generating a pair of lilies from Gaussian noise. And if we take the initial starting condition that we had for epsilon equals zero and we add some noise now for epsilon equals one, you could see that we drift to a slightly different flower. If you add a little bit more noise, you end up to something that is not even reminiscent of the original structure other than maybe around the colors. And if you increase the noise even more, you could end up to an entirely different image in your data set. So there's some stuff to think about here about a framework for the initial parts of the generating process. The caveat is the more noise you wanna add, the more stochastic steps you need to take in these integrators. So it's not necessarily clear that the benefits that we saw in the Gaussian mixture case from using an SDE really apply in the case of costly image generation type problems. Okay, so just as a quick summary, we discussed a method of calling stochastic interpolants here that allows them to build deterministic or stochastic generative models between arbitrary densities. And hopefully it provides a language for designing new types of maps like this. Some questions going forward though is, can we use this interpolant paradigm to study the inductive bias in transport-based generative models? What are these assumptions we've made on the OD and the SDE framework and are they realistic for discerning any sort of discrepancy between the two? Are there better ways to sample? Are there ways to use this for variational inference type tasks and ways that we can actually try to study things a little more closely? And if you want some more information, you should see Nick who's here for the week. If you wanna learn a little bit more about optimizing the transport in terms of optimal transport or the Schrodinger bridge problem, you can check out the two papers as well as for more experimental details and some preliminary code is available below. Thanks. Thank you very much, Michael. Do we have questions from the audience? I think it should work better when you're very high dimensional. Well, I would say it's not necessarily the case that this is gonna work better because in fact you could think of score-based diffusion as a subset of this. I think actually I have a backup study. I thought maybe someone might ask this. If you wanna think about score-based diffusion as an interpolant, then you choose the time-dependent components on the initial data, X0 and the Gaussian noise z should just be the following terms. Take e to the minus t, square one minus e to the minus two t, and you take time to infinity. This is score-based diffusion right there. So in principle, they should be doing approximately the same stuff. If you actually benchmark them on some image data sets, you're gonna see that these FID scores that people compute to compare how well they're doing on their generative modeling task are all about the same ballpark. The one thing I would say that actually is kind of a nice feature of score-based diffusion is you only have to learn one term, just the score for both the ODE and the SDE. If you wanna use the ODE for what we've described here, then you need to just learn B. But if you wanna use the SDE, then you need to learn B and S. But the one thing I will say is the cases where I think this is more useful is actually in sort of scientific domains, scientific problems for generative modeling because you can more exactly compute the likelihood and trust those numbers because we don't truncate at any point. They take our large T, they have to truncate it at some point. This introduces a bias into those quantities. Yeah. The final thing, not. Ah, boom, approved. That wasn't actually gonna be our question. Yeah, so proof is kind of, I think, hard in general for that case if you don't wanna think about Gaussians. Nick might have some ideas though because he has some toy examples over this case. This is the case, but I think there's some Gaussianity hidden there. But in a practical sense, for example, say one common thing in scientific computing is sampling under some target density that we want. We only know if your access to the log likelihood. But if you wanna build a map, you'd hope maybe you could build a map to some proximal theoretical description that you can evaluate analytically. Some perturbation of some Gaussian system that then is close to the target system that you want. This would be a paradigm that allows you to build in structured information into that map. No problem. So can you clarify what you meant by the first density? You're saying basically like a Dirac measure or something, strange? Okay. Yeah, I think you, well, there's some trouble that emerges in one sort of existing on a lower dimensional manifold. So there are, people have done a lot of work on trying to write down what these transport maps look like when you're not perfectly preserving the sort of topology of the space. And there's some tricks like augmenting it to, you know, R3 that you can do that then make everything work. But in general, if something was in R2 and going to R3, this wouldn't really work. Yeah, no, there's ways to do that then. Yeah. But you just can't actually change dimensions. And you, yes. Your interpolate is a lot of freedom, right? The simplest case of just a Gaussian over here and a Gaussian over here. Two ways to do that would be to do what you put in the picture, which is to sweep the Gaussian over. But another way, which is any shorter distance in information space is to just grow one Gaussian and shrink the other in place. Right. And speak to what guides sane choices of the interpolate. Yeah, so actually the two you've talked about there, one amounts to what's called like a Moser flow. And you can do it by interpolating at the level of the densities themselves. That's the one where you've appeared and disappeared. The problem is that results in a pretty ill conditioned velocity field. So the velocity field you'd have to learn to do something like that. I mean, we could talk about it if you like offline. It doesn't look nice in any sort of learnable sense. If you wanted to do this one where you're just sort of shifting it over, then an interpolant that uses sort of trigonometric terms, so like a cosine of pi t and sine of pi t would give you something that sort of variants preserving along that path, which should work a lot better. And here's a question. Well, if not, let's sync Michael again.


What is going on guys welcome back to channel critical overload here shouldn't talk about prey in this video and prey is the fifth installment in the predator Franchise and is being directed by the same individual who brought us 10 chlorophyll Lane, which I love that movie That's it's being brought to us by Dan Trachtenberg and it is based around a Kamachi nation I just saw the teaser yeah It's set in it's set in the world of the Kamachi nation in 1719 a skilled female warrior Nauru fiercely protects her tribe against a highly Evolved alien predator now I have not been following this movie in the sense that I have been seeing the updates on it But I haven't been you know diving in digesting every little nook and cranny about it The predator movie the original one is one of the best movies I've ever seen however as a child after seeing that one and then watching all of these sequels I Just was like I'm not watching these sequels again. I've seen those sequels probably twice each and The thing about it is I still haven't even watched the most recent one because of the fact that I Didn't have any interest in watching it then I've been someone who is The way a lot of people are with certain franchises. I guess I'm what I'm that way with predator I only care about the original one. It's just so Exceptional compared to the rest of these sequels that are out there and alien versus predator even though when I was a younger child I remember those movies being a lot more fun than they are now when I watched it recently a couple years ago but I just have not been someone who has always been like a die-hard Predator fan in terms of the overall franchise as much as I am a fan of that original movie and what was accomplished there and What I saw in the teaser for prey has me feeling those vibes of what I experienced in that original movie it's a lot more of Technological not as technologically advanced as I feel this series went into the direction it took it is going back to that disadvantage between man and this technologically advanced superior extraterrestrial entity This time, of course, it's not a a man that's gonna be in the final role It looks like we're positioning to have a final girl. So I already see people saying oh, this is woke This is this this is that final girls are not new final girls have been here They are more than welcome to continue to be here and final girls ultimately in my opinion from what I've always Witnessed considering how common they are they've been better than most final boys. That's just that's just the nature of horror at This point. So not that the predator is an overall horror-based franchise But what was accomplished in that original movie and how it was able to?  We have some cool tracking shots one in particular I would say because it's a very short teaser where she's running through the jungle and One overhead shot that I thought was cool. So I like that drone shot. I like the way cinematography looks It looks like there is an option to do a lot of natural lighting too from what I saw in this teaser So the performances didn't really get to gauge too much of that, but it looks like We are going to be getting some solid performances this time around I like how there is a lot of interest in maybe building up tension the way it introduces you to your surroundings that you'll probably be centered and then it thrust you into the Intensity of it all with this girl running and it looks like she stumbles into her brother Who is aiming a bow and arrow and then we see the signatures of the predator start to appear and We see when we hear these little clicking sounds, you know We're getting all these cues of its presence, but it's not out what outright revealed It is shown but it's shown in a manner in which it's already of course still playing with your intrigue. It's it's cloaked It's using that camouflage that we know it can do I like that it isn't it's building up your Your interest in terms of what you what you're thinking like I guess what is it like theater of the mind? I guess shout out to you again Dave McCray for forgiving me that term and The way they are hyping that up and getting you invested in what you're seeing on screen without fully Giving it to you in this short teaser. It's a very effective teaser And again, I'm not someone who really loves the predator franchise as much as I do enjoy and Will go out of my way to always watch that original movie because I think that 1v1 between Arnold Swartz and nigger's character of Dutch and the predator still one of the best one of the ones I've seen on screen to this day very Very just cool to see especially as a little boy. I would add of very action packed Of course the disadvantage overall is of course what I would say got me invested in it And it still keeps me invested in it to this day but I think with the sequels you teetered into this narrative where the Technologically advantages of the predators started to become like afterthoughts due to all the other things that were at the humans humans disposal that I felt you were lessening the terror aspect of this creature and Maybe just taking away from some of the magic again that I feel hasn't been captured since that original movie The trailer teaser short teaser I'd say for prey very effective. I'm excited for it I don't know if you guys are fans of predator But this looks like it might be something that is gonna have me coming on here and saying that yes This is probably the first worthy Sequel I know this won't sit well with a lot of you but probably the first worthy sequel to me Since the original predator with Arnold Schwarzenegger that first movie is just a classic The stuff they were able to accomplish there and again the way the jungle was made to be this terrifying surrounding Why also building up this intrigue by not showing us this creature until halfway into the movie again? brilliantly done and it was a well a well deserved payoff we got or Rewarding path we got when we saw one of the best creature designs on screen Still one of the most iconic designs of anything that's been shown on screen in terms of a character design and I hope we see more of that in prey I know we're of course not going to be surprised by knowing it's a predator But it's just like okay play with us on the idea of What your take on predator looks like because of course we know it's gonna be updated and Hopefully it's not too much CGI in the mix Hopefully it has of course glimpses of what you saw in these original movies and it's not too reliant on CGI I know it's set in 1719, but but obviously of course the look is gonna be slightly altered and Hopefully we get to play with that again mind theater of the mind aspect where you don't Show us the predator until halfway through. Maybe it's even camouflage for most of the movie I think that'll be very the most effective thing to do so that way when you do unveil it and it's a cool design It's a nice exciting payoff very nostalgic for people who grew up with the original like me But I like this teaser can't wait to see the movie Let me know just think about this down in the comment section below if you haven't already of course Make sure you subscribe turn on post occasion and miss a video in the description I have links in social media accounts on Facebook Twitter and Instagram you can message me there Of course limit is any movies news or reviews you like me to cover in the future with all that in mind guys I will see you in the next video