you have to be an absolute liberal weakling, a soyboy of sorts, to not appreciate the bravado, the bravery of those men.  Yet again, for any human being that is in this comfortable position nowadays, we have to thank our ancestors for fighting. This is what they did and you can see that nationalists, many patriots, they are proud of course of that war history. They're proud of their ancestors that they fought for their freedom. But when it comes down to Islam, the West has a double standard. Oh terrorist, did you know there is war?


I tried to act like I wasn't that excited for it, but I really was and it's a little bit nerve-wracking, but it's been really nice It's something I guess you only experience once. Well, I think probably the entire Pike Central community is proud of Charlie He's a great kid. He's a really good student. I think he has a 27s ACT He's a really good pitcher. So I think you Pike is getting a nice play. I'm really really excited too I played a lot of summer ball this year and we played against a bunch of teams that were for Colleges and I think it gave me a halfway decent idea of what it's going to be like, but I guess we'll find out when we get there


Welcome back to the session on latex. So, in this session we will learn to align the text in our document. By default latex justifies our text that is it is left and right aligned. Well, to align the text we write the text in between the begin and end of the respective environments to align it. Let us see a demo I am switching to text studio. We have some content already written here. We have three sections and some random text. Well, now let us write slash begin, flush left and our content paragraph in between the flush left environment. Similarly, we write slash begin, center and we write the second paragraph of the section number 2 in center and we write slash begin, flush right and we have Lipsom 2 of 2 inside the flush right environment. Let us build and run. Section 1 is left aligned while 2 is center aligned and the third is right aligned. Now, let us add a page break slash page break and we write slash Lipsom 1 dash 1. We build and run. There you go. We have a paragraph. We write another paragraph Lipsom 2 of 2 slash Lipsom 3 of 3. We build and run. Well, let us add another paragraph slash Lipsom 4 dash 4. So, we have first paragraph, second paragraph, third and the fourth. Now, let us write slash centering and write slash flush left and write slash flush right. All of this I am writing without the environment. Let us build and run. Now, observe that the first paragraph is centered, the second is left aligned and the third and the fourth are right aligned. What if we want to switch back to the default alignment mode? Well, the default alignment mode is justified. So, we come here and write slash justify and for that we need to add a package called ragged to E. So, we come here and we define our package slash use package ragged to E. So, we build and run. There you go. The fourth paragraph is justified whereas, the third one remains right aligned. So, now, let us go back to our slides. So, for a large text, one can use the commands rather than the environment. We can switch back to the default alignment justify using a package called ragged to E. So, now, you will be able to align certain text or an entire document. Thank you. Have a nice day.


The federal government does not consider Latino to be its own race category right now, but should they? And why is this issue a little bit more complicated than people might think? Yeah, we gotta talk about it because there are some major proposed changes to the way that the federal government does its race demographic census around America. Right now, Andrew, there's a pre-box that says are you of Hispanic origin, which sort of indicates you're just from like anywhere in Latin America, right? But then the second box does not include Latino. There's Asian, there's white, there's black, there's native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander and some other race. And right now that some other race is the second biggest box in America because there's no Latino box. Right. So why would they have done that to give Hispanic origin? I've seen that question before where it's its own section, its own little like, you know, column and then the ethnicity column is down below. I think to avoid the complicated nuance that this whole article gets into, that's why they just have that pre-box where you click it. It doesn't matter whether you look white, black, Mestizo or anything else. Asian, you can be a Korean from Argentina. Just click that box and the US is going to consider you of Hispanic origin. Right. If you're from Brazil, even they would expect you to pick Hispanic origin. Although the word Hispanic, I believe is referring more to Spanish speaking countries. Yeah. But you could be Latino because Portuguese is a Latin language. Right. So Latino is this larger umbrella term and Hispanic is a little bit more specific underneath Latino, right? Because Latino is referring to Latin language countries, which would be Portuguese Spanish. But let's be honest Andrew, do people in America really make that distinction? That's why it's complicated guys. Make sure you like, subscribe, turn on your notifications guys. We're going to try our best with this. We are not of Hispanic origin. We're not Latino. I just read the article. I'm going to do my best. But you know what's not complicated is the taste of Smala. Smala is a Sichuan peppercorn truffle laced chili oil that we're selling right now. I know we're depleting this bottle right here, but you check out SmalaSauce.com. You can hear more about it. You can do pre-orders right now. But anyways, it goes great on everything. Even Latino food. Los Tacos number one, ten out of ten banger on that one. I'll give you guys a teaser. Anyway guys, the reason why this is very significant right now Andrew is because the US Hispanic population, the people who are clicking that first box, the pre-check box, Andrew, it's at 65 million. It's rising about 15 million every year. Right. It's a very, very, very significant portion, which is why other is the second biggest race in America right now. Which is crazy that it's other, but I guess they're just assuming other is Latino, but that's not necessarily the case because there's no Middle Eastern box either. So Middle Easterners may be either clicking white or other. No, no. I believe the federal government says if you are from Morocco or you are from the Middle East, please click white. They want you to click white, but of course not everybody does. That's why it's so complicated guys. And I'll tell you that you know what the interesting thing is Andrew? State to state, they actually have a way better categorization system like in like New York City. You know, they got Nepal on there, the Himalayas. But guess what? The federal government, Andrew, almost still stuck like 50 years ago. Wow. All right, man. I guess David, what are some proposed, like what it was the argument for having more boxes that are more specific to these identities, right? What's the issue with that of adding more boxes? Well, I think that there are competing groups that are like fighting for and fighting against it. So some groups actually that are even Latino themselves don't want the box, but the majority do want the box. They don't want the box to be broken down into different subgroups of Latino. Like for example, Afro-Latino and White Latino. Because they think that it will make it weaker because the pre-check box right now is the strongest way because they don't want to break into sub-ethnicities because it's true in Latin America, you could be like 100% white. You could be a almost like 100% black. You could be almost 100% Amerindian, which is almost like a native indigenous, but most people are a mix of everything. Right, right, right. I guess the biggest split right now is between like what's considered a mainstream mestizo, which is like your average person from Latin America that I guess your average American is thinking of, Andrew, is anywhere from 60% European to 80% European and 20% to 40% or 50% indigenous. That's what people are thinking of in their mind. Exactly. So I guess like that is the biggest split in terms of like who wants it and who doesn't want to have it. And like we said, Andrew, there's some disagreement even within the Latin community, whether it'll help or hurt government funding and distribution of resources. Because they're thinking if you clump everybody together then you actually, you have more power, right? I think there's some strength in the pre-check box. Yeah, I mean, just like Asian, Asian is a huge group of people and we just clump all Asians together. But I actually have a theory and it's because most, for the most part Asia, right, is its own identifiable continent and that's how it's been classified. I don't know who did that. I don't know if it was Asian people who did that. But anyways, all those countries are Asian. And then a lot of Asians did come over and immigrate to America in large numbers during the same kind of decade and era after 1965. So I guess any Asian that came after 1965 is like, they're just like, yo, you're just Asian. Well, I just don't think there's, it wasn't colonized by European power so it's not like there's a white Asian. Sure, sure. I can't call myself a white, yeah. There's not, no guys, by the way, there is no white Asian. That's not an actual thing. I guess there's Eurasian, which is like more of the Kazakh side or Uzbek side. Anyways guys, that's a whole different conversation. I think it's really interesting, Andrew, because our concept of even being Latin American in America is dominated by Spanish. But there are countries in Latin America that speak Portuguese, French, and if you're like Guyanese, you speak English. Right, so Hispanic, I believe, is referring more to Spanish, the Spanish colonies. And Latino is a larger umbrella term that encompasses like all like South America, Latin America. But then you could be just an Asian who spent several generations in Latin America. Let's say for example, you're a full Japanese person, but you've been in Latin America living in Brazil for like three generations. Should you click Latin American? I mean, I guess they're just not that big of a population. So people are not gonna empathize with that identity. Here's the interesting truth that I have. I think that most people, when they want people to say they're white, they're thinking of like an Anglo heritage white. Yes, right? And when people are thinking of black, it's weird because they're just thinking about how you look like visually, phenotypically, right? And then when you're thinking of like white Latino, you're just thinking, you know how like that's like a thing like a Ted Cruz, right? And then you're thinking about, when you're thinking of Latino people, you're thinking of a mestizo Catholic. And I think when most people are thinking about an Arab person, they're thinking about somebody who's from the Middle East and is Muslim. And I think when the people are thinking of Asian, they're thinking of a us looking person that's Buddhist. And when they're thinking of South Asian, they're thinking of an Indian person who's Hindu. No, I'm not saying that these are all like the best categorizations, but these are like, I guess the largest bulk distribution. Right, no, no, this is what the image that people have in their mind when you say those words. Right. And most people, that's generally what they think. That's the stereotypical, the typical look of that. Yeah, yeah, yeah. By the way, not saying that that's accurate. I'm just saying like what is people, it popping up in people's mind. So what if we did that? I'm just gonna propose this to the government. We have like a bunch more boxes and people just click as many that apply. But that I guess will break it up into specific groups and go against uniting for political power.  And then you have European, which is like what Luca Donchich and Eastern euros and kind of like Russian or like Slavic people would pick. Foundational black Americans, which are black Americans, black Africans, which are like recent African immigrants who are black, right? Non-black Africans, which I guess would be any African who's not really black or doesn't look African. You mean like, like Elon Musk? Yeah. I guess Egyptians, for example. East Asian, South Asian, Southeast Asian, Central Asian, Western Asian, White Latino, Indigenous Latino and Afro Latino. Now that's a lot of boxes.  That is so many boxes.  I don't like it. Did I leave it as accurate? Oh, Pacific Islander. Now I gotta put, I'll put Pacific Islander so that everybody checks all the boxes that apply to them. And if you're mixed, you can click more than one box. But that's gonna mess up the data, right? Right. And I think that that's where the disagreement even within the Latino community is. Does it make it stronger to have the pre-check box or does it make more sense and more accurate to break it all down into the sub, sub, sub categories? Right. Is it kind of like you're checking the box to unite for power or are you checking the box to show your true identity? Yo, is it a little bit like the American two-party political system versus like the Canadian like eight-party parliamentary system? You know how they break into their sub-sub boxes? You know, guys, I don't really have the answer. I'm sorry to be on the fence about this because I don't have the answer. I just, we were looking to you to have it. I know everybody was expecting the Chino to have the answer to this question, but I don't. But David, let's go into the comments section because there's some other people with some very opinionated ideas. This guy is Latino and he said, wait, how come Asian can be treated as a race when Asians don't even speak the same language? That doesn't make any sense. At least we all speak the same language even though we look different from each other. You know, at first I was like thinking in my head, I was like, yo, that sounds crazy, but there's some logic to it. He's making a point because at least Spanish is mostly spoken in all these countries, minus Brazil and like a couple other countries. But the majority, the vast majority of Latin America. The vast majority of people speak Spanish, but we wouldn't want to call him Spanish because that's referring to Spain. So he's just saying, he's just making a case for Latino.  There's a big gap between actual governmental science which is more linked to science science and street science. Street science would say that absolutely everybody that speaks Spanish that's from south of the border gotta be one group, right? But the scientists who are running like the census report, they're like, no, technically everybody's a mix between, you know, Spanish and Ameri-Indian. What if it's just like if you listen to reggaeton? No, that's a good question. That's not a good enough marker. Somebody said, yeah, what about even being Middle Eastern? Middle Easterns are told right now to click the white box. How crazy is that? That's pretty interesting, man. Somebody said being Latino is not a race. It's actually cultural. Interesting. But right. It's good. It's true. It's true. But then now on the census is one group gonna get grouped by culture and the other group is gonna get grouped by phenotype because of all Asians are like Mongoloid people or at least in the U.S. categorization system. Somebody said this is just far too confusing in the U.S. they try to define people by the by race, by the color of their skin and what continent they come from or their ancestors come from.  Yeah, they're basically saying, yeah, this is an American thing and only in the U.S. for some reason with people consider it a race. Think about it. Like we could be from Guyana and my brother could be raised in Venezuela. We're actual brothers because my brother grew up in Venezuela. Now he's Latino but I grew up in Guyana so I don't speak Spanish. So I'm not Latino even though I'm of Latin American origin. It is confusing. Yeah, it is really confusing. I guess it's interesting. I guess in our minds, Andrew, in America we're probably going off anybody when we think of Latino anybody who's anywhere from 50% European to 15% Indigenous all the way up to what like 80% European and 20% Indigenous? Right, yeah, I guess. I mean, as far as like your DNA mixture I can't really speak on that. I think that's always that's extra. That's the level 10 out of 10 dicey because then what are you going to count like people that are past 20% this and that or it just depends on how they look. I mean, I suppose you'd have to just trust and just say it's up to the person to decide what they identify as. You give them the options and you have them fill in the boxes that apply, right? Yo, I got a solution. You have a tier one must answer question. Like you can't move on further on the census until you fill out one of the major categories and you include Latino in there. But if you want to, you can click this thing that has a huge drop down menu of like sub chart maybe like 15 different options. And that way I could pick like Afro Cuban. Right, okay, okay. But you're only required to fill out the top one because not everybody's going to want to get that detailed. And then is every country going to be represented, I guess. I mean, this goes back to the question about representation about any identity, how it is like, it is true that identity is on a spectrum. But I guess the question is for efficiency sake and the sake of the system and collecting data is it important to get every single nuance out there? The pre-check Hispanic box is probably the simplest system, right? Right, I guess that's why they did it. That's why they're using it right now. But if people want the drop down crazy thing like and nowadays Andrew, the gender menu is like very long, right? Right, right.  Yeah, options are very deep. So I guess racial options or ethnic options got to be large too. Yeah, I mean, I just think it's interesting that there's different groups lobbying for and against it. And some people think it'll make like Latino representation stronger and other people think it'll make Latino representation weaker to break it all up. Yeah, I guess it just means like what's the data for and what are people really going to use it for? Whether it's marketers, right? They want to know the consuming, the consumer behaviors of certain groups, right? So they know how to market or politicians who need to cater or pander or look out and represent certain groups. They need to know who they're representing and how much, right? Let us know what you guys think of the comment section below. Especially I'd like to hear from you guys if you are Latino or you are of Latin American origin or you are Hispanic. Are you guys cool with the current pre-check box method and then clicking other or do you guys want some other system with the drop down boxes guys? And yeah, let us know what you guys think in the comment section below. Very interesting discussion. I learned a lot. I looked at a bunch of charts that I'd never taken a look at. And by the way guys, I'm sorry, but the answer, why don't we just consider all ourselves humans? We're the human race. That's not going to happen guys. Sorry, so that's not the answer. What's the answer in between? I think the truth is Andrew, if we were all honest and we all treat each other with nuance, America is a complicated country. We got to treat this with as complicated as it needs to be to make it all work. Yeah. Well, you know, we talk a lot about race in America. America is obsessed with race for a reason and you might as well know what are all the races in America. So anyways, let us know in the comments down below what you think though. Feel free to leave your thoughts and yeah, thank you so much for watching the Hot Pop Boys. Hopefully this video helped. And until next time, we out. Peace.


one local student will be heading to compete in Washington DC after claiming first place at today's regional spelling bee. Sarah Winkelman joins us live in our Brainerd studio with more. Sarah? Yeah Dennis, the Region 5 spelling bee today had 29 local students who had already won both their school and their district spelling bee competitions, but today it was Chloe Holloman from Royalton who took home first place. For an eighth grader who sure knows a lot of words all she could do was smile when asked about her victory. It feels good. Chloe says she spends every day practicing words with her mom and grandma who were there supporting her today. Washington bound I'm I'm I'm elated. After having no hesitation on spelling the winning word. I'm corn. I'm corn E I N K O R N I corn. She understood you know different and difficult patterns of words and how words work and how they fit together with each time stepping up to the microphone just as confident as the last. I kind of I kind of said the word like I spelled it in my head and then remembered how to spell it. Last year as part of the regional spelling bee, Chloe finished in the top 10, but this year walked away as the champion. That's really exciting and that's that's actually what I think we've been working toward is you know the the big one after beating tough competition and first runner-up as may pool from Aiken and second runner-up Nicholas Baxter of Brainerd. The kids were very prepared and we had some great participants. We had some really tricky words and so I know that it's it's it can be difficult for the kids but we had some awesome competitors. Now Chloe's mom says she plans to research some new study methods to help best prepare her daughter for the intense competition she'll face at the Scripps National Spelling Bee. Dennis. Alright thank you Sarah for that live report from our Brainerd studio tonight. The National Joint Powers Alliance and Staples host to the event and will fund the trip to Washington DC for Chloe and her mom. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland news please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


CHAPTER 22 THE SEVENTEEN VOLUMES GO BACK AGAIN King Meriwig of Eastern Euralia sat at breakfast on his castle walls. He lifted the gold cover from the gold dish in front of him, selected a trout, and conveyed it carefully to his gold plate. When you have an aunt, but I need not say that again, King Coronel of Western Euralia sat at breakfast on his castle walls. He lifted the gold cover from the gold dish in front of him, selected a trout, and conveyed it carefully to his gold plate. When your wife's father has an aunt, Prince Udo of Arabe sat at breakfast, but one must draw the line somewhere. I refuse to follow Udo through any more meals. Indeed, I think there has been quite enough eating and drinking in this book already. Quite enough of everything in fact, but the time has nearly come to say goodbye. Let us speed the Prince of Arabe first. His departure from Euralia was sudden. Five minutes conversation with Coronel convinced him that there had been a mistake about Belvian's feelings for him, and that he could leave for Arabe in perfect safety. You must come and see us again, said Meriwig heartily, as he shook him by the hand. Yes, do, said Hyacinth. There are two ways of saying this sort of thing, and theirs was the second way. So was Udo's when he answered that he would be delighted. It was just a week later that the famous double wedding was celebrated in Euralia. As an occasion for speech-making by King Meriwig and largest throwing by Queen Belvian, it demanded, and got, a whole chapter to itself in Roger's history. I have Roger on my side at last. The virtues he denied to the Countess, he cannot but allow to the Queen. Nor could Hyacinth resist her any longer. Belvian, upon her palfrey, laughed her in her eyes, and rose in her cheeks. Her lips slightly parched with eagerness as she flings her silver to the crowd, adorably conscious of her childishness and yet glorifying in it, could have no enemies that day. She is a dear, said Hyacinth to Coronel. She will make a wonderful Queen. I know a Queen worth two of her, said Coronel. But you do admire her, don't you? Not particularly. Oh, Coronel, you must! said Hyacinth, but she felt very happy, all the same. They rode off the next day to their kingdom. The Chancellor had had an exciting week. For seven successive evenings he had been extremely mysterious and reserved to his wife, but now his business was finished, and King Meriwig reigned over Eastern Euralia and King Coronel over the west. Let us just take a look at Belvian's diary before we move on to the last scene. Thursday, September 15th, it says, became good. Now for the last scene. King Meriwig sat in Belvian's garden. They had spent the morning revising their joint Book of Poetry for publication. The first set of verses was entirely Meriwig's own. It went like this. A note by the authors called attention to the fact that it could be begun from either end. The rest of the poems were mainly by Belvian. Meriwig's sharing them consisting of a capital. Oran, I like that, when they were read out to him. But an epic, commonly attributed to Charlotte Patekic, had crept in somehow. A person to see your Majesty, said a flunky, appearing suddenly. What sort of person? Asked Meriwig. A sort of person, your Majesty? See him here, dear, said Belvian, as she got up. I have things to do in the palace. She left him, and by and by the flunky returned with a stranger. He was a pleasant-looking person with a round, clean-shaven face, something in the agricultural way to judge from his clothes. Well, said Meriwig. I desire to be your Majesty's swine-herd, said the other. What do you know of swine-herding? I have a sort of natural aptitude for it, your Majesty, although I have never actually been one. My own case, exactly. Now then, let me see. How would you? The stranger took out a large red handkerchief, and wiped his forehead. You propose to ask me a few questions, your Majesty? Well, naturally, I. Let me beg of you not to. By all your old secret, let me implore you not to confuse me with questions. He drew himself up, and thumped his chest with his fist. I have a feeling for swine-herding. It is enough. Meriwig began to like the man. It was just how he felt about the thing himself. I once carried on a long technical conversation with a swine-herd. He said reminiscently, and we found we had much in common. It is an inspiring life. It wasn't just that way, said the stranger, that I discovered my own natural bent towards it. How very odd! Do you know there's something about your face that I seem to recognize? The stranger decided to be frank. I owe this face to you, he said simply. Meriwig looked startled. In short, said the other, and the late king of Barodia. Meriwig gripped his hand. My dear fellow, he said, my very dear fellow, of course you are. Dear me, how it brings it all back? And may I say, what an improvement. Really, I'm delighted to see you. You must tell me all about it. But first, some refreshment. At the word refreshment, the late king of Barodia broke down altogether, and it was only Meriwig's hummings and hoings and thumpings on the back, and, later on, the refreshment itself, which kept him from bursting into tears. My dear friend, he said, as he wiped his mouth for the last time, you have saved me. But what does it all mean? asked Meriwig in Beveldermint. Listen, and I will tell you. He told himself of the great resolution to which he had come on that famous morning when he awoke to find himself whiskersless. Barodia had no more use for him now as a king, and he, on his side, was eager to carve out for himself a new life as a swine heard. I had a natural gift, he said plaintively, an instinctive feeling for it. I know I had, whatever they said about it afterwards, and they said many hard things. I was certain that I had that feeling. I had proved it, you know, there couldn't be any mistake. Well, ah, but they laughed at me. They asked me confusing questions, niggling little questions about the things swine ate, and, as things like that, the great principles of swine herding, the, what am I called, the art of herding swine, the whole theory of shepherding pigs in a broad-minded way. All this they ignored. They laughed at me and turned me out with jures and blows, to starve. Marywick patted him sympathetically, and pressed some more food on him. I ranged over the whole of Barodia. Nobody would take me in. It is a terrible thing, my dear Marywick, to begin to lose faith in yourself. I had to tell myself at last that perhaps there was something about Barodia's swine which made them different from those of any other country. As a last hope I came to Euralia. If here too I was spurned, then I should know that, just a moment, said Marywick, breaking in eagerly. Who was the swine herd that you talked to? I talked to so many, said the other sadly. They all scoffed at me. No, but the first one, the one that showed you that you had a bent towards it, didn't you say that, oh, that one, that was at the beginning of our war.  It was he that Marywick looked at him sadly, and shook his head. My poor friend, he said, it was me. They gazed at each other earnestly. Each of them was going over in his mind the exact details of that famous meeting. Yes, they merged together. It was us. The king of Barodia's mind raced on through all the bitter months that had followed. He shivered as he thought of the things he had said. The things that had been said to him seemed of small account now. Not even a swine herd, he remarked. Come, come, said Marywick, look on the bright side. You can always be a king again. The late king of Barodia shook his head. It's a calm down to a man with any pride, he said. No, I'll stick to my own job. After all, I have been learning these last weeks. At any rate, I know that what I do know isn't worth knowing, and that's something. Then stay with me, said Marywick heartily. My swine herd will teach you your work, and when he retires, you can take it on. Do you mean it? Of course I do. I shall be glad to have you about the place. In the evening, when the pigs are asleep, you can come in and have a chat with us. Bless you, said the new apprentice. Bless you, your Majesty. They shook hands on it. My dear, said Marywick to Belvin that evening. You haven't married a very clever fellow. I discovered this afternoon that I'm not even as clever as I thought I was. You don't want cleverness in a king, said Belvin, smiling lovingly at him. Or in a husband. What do you want, then? Just dearness, said Belvin. And now my story is done. With a sigh I unload the seventeen volumes of Uralian history for my desk, carrying them one by one across the library, and placing them carefully in the shelf which has been built for them. For some months they have stood a rampart between me and the world, behind which I have lived in far-off days with Marywick and Hyacinth and my Lady Belvin. The rampart is gone, and in the bright light of today which streams on to my desk, the vision slowly fades, once on a time. Yet I see one figure clearly still. He is tall and thin, with a white-peaked face, of which the long inquisitive nose is the outstanding feature. His hair is slank and uncared for. His russet smock, tied in at the waist, wants brushing. His untidy, cross-gartered hose shows up the meagerness of his legs. No nightly figure this, yet I look upon him very tenderly. For it is Roger's curvy legs on his way to the palace for news. To Roger, too, I must say goodbye. I say it not without remorse, for I feel that I have been hard upon the man to whom I owe so much. Perhaps it will not be altogether goodbye. In his seventeen volumes there are many other tales to be found. Next time, if there be a next time, I owe it to Roger to stand aside and let him tell the story more in his own way. I think he would like that. But it shall not be a story about Belvane. I saw Belvane, or someone like her, at a country house in Shropshire last summer, and I know that Roger can never do her justice.


From the Bellagio Hotel in Las Vegas, it's theCUBE covering UiPath. Forward 4, brought to you by UiPath. Hello from Las Vegas, the CUBE is live at the Bellagio. We are here covering UiPath Forward 4. Lisa Martin with Dave Vellante, and we're very pleased to be joined next by the Chief Product Officer of UiPath, Param Kalon, Param, welcome to the program. Thank you, thanks for having me. It's great to be back here in person, isn't it? It is lovely to be back here in person. Dave and I got to see a little bit of your keynote this morning and when we had to leave to come to set, we turned around and it was standing room only. It was amazing to see how many customers, partners, prospects UiPath has brought here. Clearly, you've got over 8,000 customers now, tremendous growth, the IPO just six months ago. Last time you were on theCUBE at Forward 3 was two years ago, 2019, where you unveiled this vision for a fully automated platform. Talk to us about what's transpired since. Yeah, it's been fascinating, there are more than 9,000 customers now. You know, when we were here two years ago, we shared a vision with our customers. The vision was all about having an end-to-end platform. The end-to-end platform can help companies automate simple processes, complex processes. It can help them automate anything from point-in-time tasks to long-running end-to-end processes. And we imagine that our automations will impact every worker within the enterprise. And you'll augment the capacity to build automations through citizen development initiatives. We didn't have all the components then, so we worked hard since then to make sure that we can make this end-to-end platform available. They can do everything from discovering automation opportunities to helping companies easily build automation, whether that automation is for simple processes that are doing a predictable pattern of work, or whether it's using more complex machine learning and AI algorithms and extracting information from documents to do that kind of stuff. And then also helping citizen developers build automation. So build pillar is what differentiates our time to value in the market, helping companies realize quick value for that. Then the next pillar we look at is manage, and manage is all about making sure that they're IT stakeholders that are managing the deployment of the entire platform from our server components like orchestrator to components like robots that run the workflows, can easily be managed at low cost of ownership, and can effectively manage the requirements of IT stakeholders like governance and security and audit and all those kinds of things. And then we have the next pillar is run, which makes sure that our robots can run on machines. And we're very excited actually in this release to announce that our robots can run across platform. So, historically, we were a Microsoft Windows.net based code base, it only ran on Microsoft Windows machines and now we can actually run those robots on Linux-based machines as well so you can deploy those robots on Linux containers. So that's the run pillar. And then we have engage, which is all about making sure that the software that we're releasing can be used by every user within the enterprise. So it's an engaging experience. Automations are available to business users where they need them. Right, if they're working in a line of business application like Slack or Microsoft Teams, robots are available there. If they're working in a productivity application, so I'd look, they're available there. And then we also have a curated set of engaging interface for people to use UiPath robots and something we call UiPath Assistant. So super excited about this sort of end-to-end platform. I think it's delivering a lot of value to our customers. I tweeted out during your keynote all the features under discover, build, manage, run, engage, and could barely fit it in the screen. And it was an eye test in terms of just a number of features that you guys have developed. My point is was that innovation is the lifeblood, life source of tech companies. Demand Gen 2, but I mean, it's the product, right? And the indicator is the pace of those innovations. And so it seems like you're picking up the pace as you scale as a company. Is that true in terms of just the velocity of the features that you're rolling out? You guys have been busy since the pandemic.  This company was founded by an engineers and ran it truly as a, you know, engineering-centric company for many, many years. So as we've scaled, I think we haven't lost that attribute of our culture to make sure that we are continuing to innovate, continuing to make sure that we're delivering capabilities based on what our customers are demanding of us. And that's been part of our strategy as well. We've always said that we're going to build what our customers ask for and we're going to learn from our customers. And as we're expanding our install base of customers, we're learning more things from them and we're continuing to respond to those customers as fast as we can. It helps the fact that we're, helps that we are a bigger company now, so we have more resources at our disposal so we can do more. But I'd say, you know, if you looked historically at some of our releases over the last two, three years, we've done a lot of innovation in every one of these releases and we do it twice a year, these big releases. And this is release 2021.10 we're talking about? That's right, this is release 2021.10 and it's the one of two major releases in the year. So we do a release in the first half of the year and we do a release in the second half of the year and that's how we've been doing over this. This is how on-premise customers consume sort of our software. The cloud customers get these capabilities more frequently, that's every two weeks, but the on-premise customers give them, get these capabilities every twice a year. How much time do the on-prem customers have to get to the new release?  Yeah, so what do you give them? A couple cycles, three, four cycles, two, three? We give them, so six cycles of three years to upgrade to the next version of the software. Most customers upgrade much sooner than that because if you looked at our software three years ago and you compared it to what we have today, you basically said there's no reason why I should be paying you for that capability when I can get so much. So generally we see customers upgrading more frequently. We've also, because we run the same code base for our cloud customers that we run for on-premise customers and cloud customers as we update their service every two weeks, we've built enough resiliency to make sure that the upgrades are seamless for customers so it doesn't cause them a lot of pain to go from one version to the next. So we expect most customers upgrade within 12 to 18 months of deploying a software. Let's talk about acceleration. The last 18 months we've seen a massive acceleration in automation as a mandate for every industry to first survive what was happening in the world and then to really thrive. How has the pandemic influenced the roadmap? Maybe what's in 2021.10? What has, and how have you helped customers accelerate their need to automate to stay in business and to be successful disruptors? Yeah, so what, it's a great question. What we've noticed is that in our customer base there's certain aspects of business processes that have just required a lot more demand to be able to accelerate certain parts of business whether it's a retailer trying to meet demand for a certain set of product category or whether it's a healthcare organization trying to make sure they can provide care to more people more frequently. The truth is that we didn't have to make fundamental shifts in our technology to be able to meet that demand because we had built the core underpinning of our technology was built on the premise that you are allowing a machine to mimic human behavior and to do that and if you can throw more compute at those machine doesn't have more robots we can do more work at that. So the pandemic has definitely accelerated the demand for automation. It hasn't changed our roadmap to go in a different direction as we go there. We've just made sure that we can continue to meet the demands of our customers. The one thing that it has impacted us is it's brought automation to the top of the priority list for IT stakeholders. In the past we sold a lot and our value and messaging resonated a lot along the line of business owners but as the pandemic as they started using more and more automation the IT stakeholders are now a lot more interested in what we're doing and we've done a lot of work in ensuring that the requirements that our IT stakeholders have from running mission critical workloads from compliance, from governance, from security are all met as part of the platform basically out of the box as opposed to having to bolt on. One of your competitors just got bought out by private equity and the PE firm's going to mash them together with an integration company. You guys bought Cloud Elements, which I look at as a nice clean integration player. I wonder if you could talk about the importance of Cloud Elements, how that fits into your product portfolio and in the market in general. Yeah, it's a fascinating time to be in the automation business. There's lots going on. When we saw Cloud Elements earlier this year what we realized was as companies are trying to automate processes there are certain systems where you can get to information, we can get to actions you want to take through API and it's maybe better to access them through API because the user interface doesn't provide the same set of capability in the same way and there's other systems where you want to have UI based automation because APIs don't exist or too hard to use. Historically there were different products that people had to use. You either had to use an integration platform type product to be able to get to all the APIs and it was a very developer driven workflow to put that process in place or you could use something like UI Path where you can connect systems through UI automation. What, when we looked at that problem we said the problem is to connect, break the silos that exist across processes and apps in the enterprise and we wanted to provide one single design environment in which developers can use API or UI automation or even machine learning based predictions and construct an end to end workflow where you can blend together a set of ML skills, UI automation, API automation to compose that into an automation. So that was our thesis behind that. The market definitely seems to be paying attention and it seems that other people are trying to follow the same path as well. Some industry analysts have written about sort of the consolidation in categories happening there too. You guys started a trend for sure. Let's talk about security. You guys announced a partnership with CrowdStrike, Endpoint Security, clearly the leader there. They're a really amazing company. What's that partnership all about? How to come about and maybe give us some color there. Yeah, so we're very excited about this partnership and as I was mentioning earlier, one of the things that pandemic has done is it's elevated the importance of automation to the boardroom, to the CIOs, to the CISOs and now they're looking at UiPath's automation platform as a key enabler of getting work done within the enterprise. So when they look at something that's going to take like 20, 30% of the transactions in a work environment and move it through that platform, they want to make sure that it has all of the security that they have thought about for all other applications and users are using as well. So CrowdStrike has done phenomenal work in security solutions to manage how employees are using based on their profiles different applications and different APIs as well. What we've done is we've taken that the capability that they have built for their employee workforce and make sure that we can apply it to the robotic workforce that our customer is using as well. So the same policy-based control that says, you know, this employee in this department isn't allowed to access the system or it needs to be logged that they had access to this data, the same can be applied to robot as well. So you're no longer able to say, you know, I don't know what my robots are doing. I need to go through logs to find out. You can maintain a policy. You can get alerts when robots do something that they're not allowed to do. And not only that, you're able to pinpoint specifically the which workflow process that robot was executing when it touched a system that it wasn't allowed to. So it gives you that peace of mind if you're a business owner or an IT stakeholder at a company to make sure that my robotic workflows is in doing what it's supposed to do. So the point of integration for CrowdStrike is a robot? Is that correct? It is a robot. So it monitors what the robots are doing and it reports it back into their Falcon interface that basically says, I've got a policy that when applied to my robot workflows and when as they're executing things I can monitor, control, get it alerted of different things that they're doing. And the robot today already does its own identity access, right? You've developed that. Yeah, the robot has its own identity. So robot generally, historically, had to go log into many line of business systems to do the work, right? And the robot is running inattended as it's working side by side with a human. Then it assumes the identity of the person that's working so it can go access those systems. But if it's working unattended, then it's using a service account to make sure that it can go access the application that it needs to access to be able to pull information or update actions into those systems. So you mentioned more than 9,000 customers now. I know you've got more than 1,200 with 100,000 or more ARR. Customer listening, I know, is very important to UiPath. We just had the CIO and digital officer of Coca-Cola on talking about that was a big differentiator when we said, who else did you look at? But what was it that really made UiPath stand out? And that's that customer listening, the voice of the customer, the impact that it has on the technology and the company overall. Talk to me about some of your favorite stories of customers that have really helped influence, especially in the last year and a half, the direction of the company. IPO six months ago, as I mentioned, how is that customer voice really critical to the innovation that your team is driving? Yeah, I know it's very important and that's something that we've done from the beginning of creating this market and entering this category of RPA. It was initially a customer that educated us about what RPA is, brought us and told us what kind of solution they wanted and the help us create the first solution and we've worked very closely. In fact, I joined the company about three and a half years ago and my first month I spent a lot of time with a customer in Japan to learn from what they thought about automation, very large bank in Japan, and we've continued that process. So we have every quarter, we meet our customers around the world and customer advisory boards. We run a product advisory board every six months, very specific information at a feature level on what we're working on and we ask our customers to ward on the feature list and we decide based on how much importance they put to different product areas to see what we're going to innovate on. We feel this is the best way to build enterprise products. It's helped us tremendously and we're very extremely grateful to our customers to be able to help us shape the platform in this way. You know, when the whole discussion around AI for a start at AI and RPA and there were some naysayers and it seems like you're applying AI everywhere. It's hard to even understand it sometimes. So can you help us understand your strategy with respect to AI? Where aren't you applying it? But maybe you could help us sort of shape that discussion. That's a really good question. So I'd say AI is a core intrinsic aspect of what we do in our platform. And I'll tell you how it matters. It matters because what we're trying to do at the end of the day is mimic how people work, right? And make sure that we can process the systems that just like humans process it as well. So when you look at something on your computer screen, you're using your computer vision to be able to identify what is on the computer screen, whether you're looking at a browser or you're looking at a specific control that you can enter the customer name or hit a button. So our technology essentially give our robots the same skills to be able to understand what is on the user interface in front of the screen. And if I'm going to give you an instruction to say, start a certain application and click the new button and then enter this information on this form, the robot is able to process that exactly the way you would do it by using those eyes. And that's what, intrinsically, we build the computer vision capabilities. Now we've applied that ability to understand computer screens to documents as well. And that's where we build machine learning models for extracting information from documents. So if you hired somebody in Account Spayable Department and you showed them a piece of paper and you said, hey, this is an invoice, please put it into this system. They are able to look at that invoice and when they get the next document, they know this next document is also an invoice and they're able to put that and extract information from it and put it into a line of business system. So we're teaching our robots the same skills to be able to classify documents of certain document types and using machine learning models extract relevant information from those documents. Even if one invoice looks different from the second invoice, you're still able to, as human eye, reliably extract the information from it, the robots have the exact same skills to be able to do it. So okay, so classification, it makes sense because you're using math and now you have enough processing power and enough data and so you can apply those algorithms.  Can it interpret context like a human could? Are we at that point yet? Well, it depends on what you mean by context. In general, the applications of AI, broadly speaking, are narrow and they're not able to go broad and understand the entire context. That's where humans are better. That's where humans are able to sort of truly apply the context, especially if it's a rare occurrence of that context and that's why we fundamentally believe that AI is powerful only if you can apply it together with humans and so we build capabilities to support like a human in the loop scenario where if a document was read by the robot and it extracted information but extracted with a low confidence or it wasn't able to find all the right fields of a supposed to, we can suspend the process, send the document and the extracted information to a human and the human can correct what they've extracted and with that, you're creating retraining data for the model to behave appropriately next time it sees similar information in the next document. So we do believe that AI is not going to solve all the problems. AI is going to be able to solve the neuropath but as you look at sort of broader and contextual specific things that are out of normal behavior, you would still need humans to be able to guide what robots are able to do. But I mean chatbots can interpret context. I don't know if that's because it's brute force. Yeah. He's just throwing a lot of repetitive sort of data. I don't know if you guys seen the very first AI stand up comedy. No. You haven't seen this? No. It's the first stand up comedy routine written by machines and it's a lot of it's really stupid but some of them, some of the jokes aren't bad. You know and they have an audience and there's the fake laughter coming in but so it seems like it's amazing. You have to, I'll send it to you, you have to check it out. But so we're starting to get to the point where you could interpret context or create context and like you say, human in the loop allows you to sort of verify that. Correct and validate robot actions, AI actions, yeah. Okay, so you'll just kind of ride that AI curve wherever it takes you, right? Well I think AI is really important and it'll become increasingly important as we look at the future. We're also looking at in the future AI based development or AI based helping of building development scripts so something that you'll hear, Dan will talk a lot about semantic automation so we're investing a lot and ensuring that we can have semantic automation type capabilities into a product that helps the process of building automation simple enough so that more citizen developers can build it and drives developer productivity at the end. I have a specific use case I want to show you offline and tell me if you can help. Yeah, I got to ask you one more question as here we are talking about humans and AI surrounded by humans finally for the first time in a long time. What's just been some of the feedback that you've heard between yesterday and today in the last 30 seconds that we have here? The feedback about the product specifically or the technology, the direction of the company, what you're announcing? Yeah, our customers are very excited about some of the things that we've announced today. I'd say the excitement is specifically around some of the things we're doing around the discovery pillar. We've got a lot of excitement around what we've acquired through Cloud Elements and the integration service that's available that's part of our platform. We've got customers very excited about running automations and Linux machines so that they can scale them, manage the total infrastructure around it. We've also released Automation Suite that gives our on-premise customers the same sort of manageability and deployment capabilities that are available to our SaaS customers so that the admin experience is improved. So in general, the feedback around the innovation and things that we're doing has been very, very positive from our customers. Sounds like a lot of validation, Perum. Thank you for joining Dave and me on the program today talking about what's new. Congratulations on that and for holding a very successful in-person event. That's a big deal. Well, thank you so much for having me. We're happy to be here. For Dave Vellante, I'm Lisa Martin. We've been coming to you all day from Las Vegas. We're going to see you tomorrow. Same channel from UiPath Forward 4. See you then.


Hello and welcome back to this lecture on the use of pointers in C++ programs. Here is a quick recap of some of the relevant topic that we have already studied. We have looked at basic programming constructs in C++. We have looked at the pointer data type in C++ and we have also looked at the address of operator which is the unary ampersand operator and the content of operator which is the unary star operator and we have also seen some of the things that we need to be careful about when using these operators. In this lecture we are going to try to understand a little bit more the usage of pointers in C++ programs and we will also try to understand how the contents of different memory locations change when a program with pointers is executed. So here is a simple C++ program with pointers. We have two integer variables named m and n. The variable pointer int is a pointer to an integer. The variable pointer pointer int is a pointer to a pointer to an integer. Now given this program one might ask that if we give the input values of 5 and 6 note that here I am asking for the values of m and n and I am reading in m and n. So I might ask that if I give the input values of 5 and 6 for m and n then what does the program output when I execute this C out statements. Well, let us see how the memory layout for this program would be. Here I have two integer variables and we know each integer requires 32 bits for its storage. So we need to have 4 bytes or 4 locations in the main memory for storing in each integer. So here is our stack segment where all the local variables of all functions are going to be stored and in the stack segment these 4 locations are reserved or allocated for the variable m which is of type integer. This is the range of addresses for these 4 consecutive locations in the stack segment allocated for m. Only for n which is also an integer we have allocated 4 locations and these could be the 4 consecutive addresses for them. Note that I am writing all the addresses in hexadecimal. Finally I have pointer int which is going to store an address of an integer. So if I assume that all addresses in our computers memory can be represented in 32 bits or 4 bytes then pointer int itself needs 4 bytes and these could be the 4 bytes and these could be their addresses. And pointer pointer int is also a pointer to something therefore it is also going to store an address and once again assuming addresses at 32 bits long we need 4 bytes for pointer pointer int and these could be the 4 bytes in the stack segment allocated for pointer pointer int and this could be the range of addresses for those 4 locations. Now when I execute this statement pointer pointer int is assigned ampersand pointer int what happens I have to find the address of the memory locations assigned to pointer int. These are the memory locations assigned to pointer int I have to find their address. Which address should I pick? There are 4 addresses over here we have studied earlier that we will pick up the address of the first byte in this set of 4 consecutive bytes. So in this case we are going to pick up hex 840 and we are going to store that in the memory locations allocated for pointer pointer int which means in these 4 bytes allocated for pointer pointer int. After that we ask for the values of m and n and read in m and n recall that we were trying to answer the question what happens when m is 5 and n is 6. So let us read in 5 and 6 for the values of m and n note that in the memory the values 5 and 6 which would be input by the user from the keyboard have been stored in the 4 bytes allocated for m and in the 4 bytes allocated for n respectively. Now I execute this statement pointer int is assigned ampersand n what happens I have to first find out the address of n which means the address of the first byte of the 4 bytes allocated for the integer variable n. These are the 4 bytes allocated for the integer variable n the address of the first byte here is hex 780. So hex 780 should get stored in the memory locations reserved for pointer int that is what happens over here and now I say print out star of star of pointer pointer int. So what am I asking the computer to print out I am basically asking the computer to print out the content of the content of pointer pointer int remember the star is the content of operator. So I am saying please print the content of corresponding to this outer star and content of what inside the parenthesis I have another star operator. So it is the content of content of pointer pointer int well what is the value of pointer pointer int that is hex 840. So I have to I have to find the content of the content of hex 840 what is the content of hex 840 that is hex 780. So now I must find out the content of hex 780 what is the content of hex 780 I must go to the address hex 780 and find out what is stored there that is hex 6. So this statement will print 6 followed by an end of line. So this statement is executed what happens I have to find the address of the memory locations allocated for m and in fact I have to find the address of the first byte allocated for m these are the bytes allocated for m the address of the first byte is hex 740. So I have to pick up hex 740 and store it in the memory locations allocated for pointer int. So that is what happens in the memory locations allocated for pointer int I have stored hex 740. Now I am asking the computer to print out once again star of star of pointer pointer int. Note that while this statement asking the computer to print out star of star of pointer pointer int is the same as the statement that we had executed earlier. However the effect of executing the statement now may be very different from the effect of executing the statement earlier because of this assignment that we have made. And in fact we will just see this right now. So what are we asking the computer to do? We are asking the computer to find the content of the content of pointer pointer int and print it out. Well what is the content of pointer pointer int? Pointer pointer int has the value x840. So the content of pointer pointer int is the content of x840. At x840 I have the value x740. So basically I am asking the content of x740 which means I have to go to the memory location with address 740, x740 and I have to find out what is the content over there. And the content over there is x005. I am going to print 5 over here. So you see that earlier when we executed the see out statement we had printed 6. And why was that? Because pointer int at that point was holding the address of the variable n which had the value 6. But now after we have executed the statement pointer int holds the value of the variable m. So when I execute the same statement as I had done earlier I am now going to produce a different output. Because star pointer pointer int just tells me pick up the value of pointer pointer int go to that memory location and find out what the contents there are. And when I read those contents I now get the address of m instead of the address of n which I had obtained earlier. And therefore when I say star of star pointer pointer int I will go to the memory locations allocated for m and I will read out the value there and thereby I will print 5. Now so far we have used expressions like star pointer a to read the contents of memory at the address given by pointer a. It turns out that c++ also allows us to use star pointer a to write the contents of memory at the address given by a. So if I have a c++ assignment statement like this star pointer a is assigned b plus c what this is going to do is it is going to calculate the value of the expression b plus c and it is going to store that value as the new content of the memory at the address given by pointer a. So this is basically saying update the contents of the memory at the address given by pointer a to the value of b plus c. Let us see another c++ program where we use this facility to use pointers to update the value of a memory location. So here is a c++ program which has several integer variables and several integer pointer variables and we read in the value of m and n like we did earlier and then we print out something called sum over here and we might ask once again that if we give values of 5 and 6 for m and n what does the program output? Once again let us go and see how things change in memory as this program executes. So in this case I have mn sum 3 integer variables. So I need to store 3 chunks of 4 bytes in the memory each chunk has 4 contiguous bytes with successive addresses. So these might be those 3 chunks 1 for m, 1 for n, 1 for sum. Pointer and pointer sum are both pointers to integers. They are going to store addresses. Once again we are going to assume that all addresses can be stored using 32 bits. So to store an address to store the value of a pointer variable we need 4 bytes and so we are going to allocate 4 bytes of 4 locations for pointer int as well as for pointer sum and these are the corresponding addresses. And after that we also note that when we declared this variable sum we initialized it to 0. So of course in the location reserved for sum the value 0 will be copied and then after that when we execute this statement pointer sum is assigned the address of sum. So I am going to find the address of the first byte allocated for sum that as you can see from here is hex 7a0 and I am going to store that in the storage allocated for pointer sum. So pointer sum will have the value hex 7a0. Then I am going to ask for the values of mnn and read in mnn. So as we have seen earlier we want to know what this program will output when m is 5 and n is 6. So we read in 5 and 6 for the values of mnn. Note that the values of mnn are stored in the bytes specifically allocated for the variables mnn. Now we execute this statement pointer int is assigned the address of n. So well we have to find the address of n in fact that is of the first byte allocated for n that is hex 7a0 and that must be assigned to pointer int. So pointer int gets the value hex 7a0 and now we are executing this statement which is saying star pointer sum plus equals star pointer int. If you remember this is a compound assignment statement it basically expands to star pointer sum is assigned star pointer sum plus star pointer int. Well what does this mean? I have to find what is the content of the memory location whose address is given by the value of pointer sum. What is the content of the memory location whose address is given by pointer int and I have to add them up. So well what is the content of the memory location whose value is given by whose address is given by pointer sum. Pointer sum is hex 7a0 if I go to this address and find the value there that is hex 000. What is the value at the memory location whose address is given by the value of pointer int? Pointer int has the value hex 7a0. So let us go to that address and let us read off the value from there that is hex 006. So hex 006 plus hex 006 is hex 006. So basically this statement now amounts to saying star pointer sum is hex 006. So we have to update the contents of the memory location whose address is given by the value of pointer sum which is hex 7a0. So we have to update the contents at address hex 7a0 to hex 006 and that is what we have done over here. Similarly for the next statement when we execute it we get the address of m in pointer int address of m is hex 740 and once again when we execute the statement we find the value of pointer sum which is hex 7a0 go to that memory location and read the value from there that is star pointer sum that is hex 6. We find the value of pointer int which is hex 740 go to that memory location read the value from there that is star pointer int that is hex 005 and when we add these two numbers up we get 11 which is hex 00b and so now we have to update the contents of the memory location whose address is given by the value of pointer sum that is hex 7a0 to hex 00b. So we go to the location hex 7a0 and update the value to hex 00b and finally when I am required to print the value of sum I go to the memory locations allocated for sum read off the value there which is 11 and print 11 in decimal. So in summary in this lecture we have looked at the use of the address of and content of operators in C++ programs we understood how the contents of memory locations change when executing programs with pointers and we also saw how the content of operator can be used to update memory locations. Thank you.