So how did the video project emerge and what was your intention behind it? The video project came out of the necessity to rethink the way we teach in medical school and specifically in neuroanatomy. It's traditionally a course that is very difficult for the students. There's a lot of content and they're very overwhelmed very quickly. So I wanted to break it up a little bit and give them the content in manageable pieces. So we created nine videos in the first iteration accompanied by about 20 modules for the didactic content. And then we changed the session itself, the lab session, to be more interactive where they could apply their knowledge to clinical scenarios. So a classical flipped classroom kind of approach. But we then went ahead and posted everything on the web for public access and the materials just kind of went viral. They went everywhere. There's a lot of universities now using them. And we've got a lot of hits on YouTube on our videos, which we're of course very proud of. And what was the process of putting the videos and the online resources together? Making digital media is a very long process. So I went into it quite naive, not knowing what it would entail. When we first wrote our script, they were almost written like textbooks. That's what we knew how to do, how to write a lecture or how to write a textbook. But doing a video or a module is completely different and you have to play to the strengths of the medium. So we spent hours and hours in a writer's room going through it over and over again. And actually Zach Rothman from MedIT was instrumental in focusing us on what the medium could do. And so we tried to get it to be interesting for the viewer to have a hook to make it really relatable to them and give them memorable moments that they could always think back to to hook the content off to. And were there any challenges or successes that stood out? The challenges are probably the timeline of production. I mean you have these hours in a writing room where you're working on it. And then when the actual filming comes, you're filming 12 hours a day with a professional crew and you're not filming sequentially. So they're telling you, we're doing this now, which is video three, scene four.  So you have to just let go of everything during the production days and just follow instructions. Everything has to be done for the production day. You can't change it once you're there. And then the other challenge was really to understand the medium, to really know what would work well on film. And without a team of experienced people, it wouldn't have worked. I think we would have produced something that would have been quite boring. But to really have that creative side come into it as well then stimulated us. So in a way it was a challenge at the beginning and then it turned out to be a great success because once we understood the medium we could start playing with it. And in fact when we did the second season where we basically took the nerves from the central nervous system into the gross anatomy of the body, we had a lot more fun with it because we knew the medium and we knew what would work and how to play with it. And what has been the impacts of this project, especially as it relates to your own teaching and also to student learning? I think the impact has several levels. One for the students, I think it took away their fear of neuroanatomy and it's actually something that's documented in the literature. It's called neurophobia or the fear of medical students for everything that is brain related. And it doesn't just happen in undergraduate courses, it goes all the way into clinical practice where practitioners are kind of scared of symptoms that relate to the brain because they feel they can't deal with them easily. And so I feel that by making it more accessible, by having the content available for students and then post-graduates as well, I'm hoping that we were able to get rid of that neurophobia a little bit and make it more accessible and more understandable for students. Is there a question about open education? What are the benefits of open education more broadly? I think open education is where we have to go. I think it's our social responsibility to do this. I don't think that we can stay in our ivory tower and keep the knowledge to ourselves. It's not within the tradition of what academia or universities are. We've always shared our knowledge and now with digital media it's become easier than ever. Especially when you look at access to post-secondary education worldwide, there are a lot of countries who can't afford to produce media like this. We can't. And so we should share that information and with that facilitate access to post-secondary education for anyone. Can you talk a little bit about your work internationally and what's happening right now? Yeah, so because these videos are accessible everywhere and they kind of went viral I guess a little bit, I've built up a network of collaborators who are also interested in creating digital media for education and in medical education. Specifically in anatomy I guess we kind of all found each other that way. And so we're all working together so that we don't recreate things that other people have already done so that we can actually say, okay, your students are working on something on the heart. We can use that in this way and we can add the following modules or information to it so that we in the end come up with a repository of resources that can be shared for everyone. We're all really passionate about open education and not hiding things behind a firewall or a university access code or something like that so that we can share it with everyone. We've reached out to universities in developing countries to offer collaborating with them as well so that we can form partnerships with groups. Currently we have some contacts in Africa where they are already accessing our online materials and now we're looking at collaborating to create media locally that we can in turn then use here at UBC or at the universities my collaborators come from. And were you speaking at a UN conference or something? Yeah, we presented this project at a conference on development in Namibia in December 2014. Oh, 15, sorry, so let me say that again. We presented this project at a conference in Namibia in December 2015 and this conference was organized by Sanord which is a collaboration between Scandinavian countries and sub-Saharan Africa. And so the idea is that affluent Nordic countries are collaborating with universities that I guess need more access to information and this conference was sponsored in part by the United Nations and really played into their post 2015 agenda so the United Nations had put out an agenda to look at where post-secondary education would go and right now we're looking at the world after 2015 they had a big summit in 2015 to look at how much they had accomplished and now really one of the main foci of this agenda or post 2015 is to have more and more digital information available as open educational resources and so we are actively working on contributing to that for medical undergraduate education to begin with. And just back to open education what do you think the impact is on students, faculty and the institution? I think the impact again has different layers I think the more an institution opens itself to the world the better it is for the institution the more we are aware of the challenges that other universities have and the more we can reach out and really collaborate as partners to work on these more global issues such as access to information and access to education the better it is for everyone. I have a group of students working with me right now on creating these resources it's part of their coursework and they are completely thrilled and empowered by knowing that the material that they create will go beyond UBC that this is actually going to have an impact and I guess change the world in just a little bit. What's your next step but perhaps this project or any other projects or ideas that you have? I think the next step is to really organize the repository and advertise it so that more and more people can have access to it so I guess we're still in that initial growth phase of really putting it out there and making sure that while one people know about it they can access it bugs are taken out of the website making the website more accessible and you know easier to navigate and then as a next step we'll be looking into technologies that will enable us to have students collaborate directly and more but I guess digital classrooms that I mean this is not something I envision next year but I you know in the sort of midterm future I envision UBC students working directly with students in Namibia or Uganda or Argentina learning about the limbic system let's say and they're all sort of collaborating in sort of a digital classroom on that content and do you end up adding more videos or are you? Yes we want to add more videos to really grow that video library so we're currently working on a script for a new video and I'm looking for funding for it and we've got more ideas on how to grow it and make it modular so that it you know doesn't just work in a medical school context but in undergraduate or other health professional context as well so we want to grow that and we want to grow the online modules that accompany that so that's for the didactic component of it and then the next part of it is more working on the application of knowledge component and the collaboration component and I think that's a second step I think our first worry right now is to get the didactic repository that out there and then work on more collaboration tools Do you guys have any other questions? I have one little one that's alright and don't look at me I'll pretend you're asking it Yeah I'm just curious and I don't know if you do Do you have any stories of people using your materials like kind of stories of open that you didn't expect or that are interesting? Yes so I get emails almost every week from around the world from people using these materials and they come from all over the world so I was really surprised and I guess thrilled to get an email from Iraq from somebody in Baghdad who had accessed these videos and was studying with them and had some follow up questions I've received emails from Bangladesh when you look at the hits that the website and the videos get online it's really from all over the world and I think that can fill an institution like UBC with a lot of pride that what we're producing actually has an impact for education everywhere the resources are currently used as a formal part of the curriculum in several countries so it's being used in Amsterdam as part of the medical undergraduate curriculum it's being used in several universities in the United States so the resources are being used by faculty and by students it's often the students who find it and then it kind of goes through the student web they forward these resources to each other and in fact right now when you put your anatomy into Google our website is the first one that comes up so that's I guess kind of a success story of an open education resource I mean in order for these videos to be produced there's a certain amount of resources that are available to you and to the team that may not be available to faculty or in other institutions what do you think are some other ways of engaging with open education that these faculty can engage with open education have also an impact? Yeah, so I think what we produced here were very highly produced high quality videos and they cost a lot of money to produce through we were lucky to have TLEF funding for that but there are a lot of ways to produce media with a lot less money with a lot less resources and in fact some of my collaborators have done that and they've engaged the campus community they've engaged film students to be part of the project they had students in arts come in and help with script writing and then they had students presenting for students and filming it with you know just with regular cameras that everybody has accessible I guess almost on their cell phones now and so they were able to create media very quickly and on a budget which is more accessible to everyone Does that kind of cover what you were thinking about? Yeah That was quick Is there anything you want to add? No, I think that pretty much covers what we've been doing It's a fun project to be part of It really is


Sometimes you got to just pull out your gloves and fight, but you need to know the best way to fight. Keep watching to find out what book I'm talking about on Kyla's Reading Day. I'm Kyla Denignio and you're watching Kyla's Reading Day. Today we're talking about the book, Professional Troublemaker. The Fear Fighter Manual. Bam, bam, bam. This book was written by Lovie Ajay Jones. The genre of the book is nonfiction. The theme of the book is self-confidence and motivational. So I wish I could tell you everything I loved about this book, but there is literally not enough time, right? Like Lovie would come after me for copyright infringement if I read every single quote that I loved from the book. There are so many things that are underlined, hyphenated, doubles line. Like I got I got red highlight, I got green highlight, I got black highlight because this is actually a book that I own. So I make sure I write into it. So there's all kinds of notes and all kinds of things that I really love, but one quote that really, really, really, really touched me was this. It's in the chapter called Fire Yourself and the quote is, if courage is a mirage, trust that God will order your steps. Very simple sentence. Okay, 12 words. If control is a mirage, trust that God will order your steps. If control is a mirage, trust that God will order your steps. So with every book review, the quotes that jump out to me or the platelets that jump out to me have something to do with what's relevant to my life right now. And right now I am right smack dab in the middle of toddler funness. I wanted to say mania, but that's not true. The kiddo was amazing. Amazing. And I cannot control what the kiddo does. I can't control if they eat their lunch. I can't control if they want to get dressed. I can't control what why they don't want to get out the bath. I can't control. I can't control it. I cannot control it. If control is a mirage, trust that God will order my steps. That blessed me. Okay. And when I say blessed, I mean that with my heart. Like as I was reading the book, it kept making me think of getting like chastise from a big sister. But then you know there's love and encouragement on the other side, right? Like I used to go to church with a pastor who would say, if it's a good word, it rolls down your street and over your toes. And there were so many things in this book that rolled over my toes. You know, they got a little ankle there too. They were coming at me, right? Like there's chapters in the book called dream audaciously, audaciously fail loudly and fire yourself.  And I'm like, like lovey was giving us full permission to do what we need to do. And I really, really appreciate it. I wrote myself in a right key. I hope I'm not mispronouncing that. But I did write one. Lovey is famous on Twitter for writing knows about everyone she has one about Michelle Obama. That's incredible. She wrote one about Amanda Gorman. Like if there's something big that happened, she'll write one. And the origins of it and where it comes from in its history were explained in the book.  And I did it. It was great. And also I tried to get a Nigerian friend. I'm still working on it. My last name is Ghanian. And my husband side of the family is Ghanian. So I tend to, you know, be around more Ghanians, but Nigerians are there too, right? I'm working on getting a Nigerian friend. The reason that that quote is so important to me is because I cannot control everything the kiddo does. I just can't write and love is not about control and possession. It's about love. And so I have to believe what she ate in the morning, the snack she's eating has to be enough to carry her through. I have to believe that even if her daily report says she had a little bit of this and none of that, she was eating what she felt her body needed at the time, right? I can't be like, no, eat everything I put in the box or why did I pack this two days in a row one day you touch the next day you didn't let it go. Control is a mirage, girl, let it go. Right? So again, I wish I could call out everything in the book that really touched me. But that quote really, really spoke to me a lot. So the last thing on the list, would I reread this book? Yes, capital YES apostrophe, exclamation point. Okay. Yes, yes, yes, I would definitely read professional troublemaker again. Right? I am a lawyer. I'm rocking my school shirt here. And I believe that advocating is being a professional troublemaker. You are fighting for the rights of something. A lot of times people aren't on the same side with you. And you may be stirring up some feathers negotiating doing whatever you need to do as you're being a professional troublemaker. So yes, I would absolutely read this book again. And I appreciate you for sticking around with me as I talk about the book professional troublemaker. Here you go. Let me know if you've read this book. Let me know if you've read anything by Lovie at Jaya Jones. I also follow her on Instagram but I don't get on there as much as Twitter. So yeah, I'm so happy that I started following her and actually was able to pick up the book and read it. Right? So leave me a comment and please like this video that really does help YouTube share it to other people who are looking to become professional troublemakers looking to hear about motivational books, books that are all about how to be your best self and use the fear fighter manual. So until next time, thank you for watching Kyla's reading day. Bye


What's a common misconception that people have about that platform that you think needs to be, like, cleared up? Well, I have some beef with the Wall Street Journal article. Um, no. What is it? What's the Wall Street Journal article? Well, it's about leaked documents from Metta about how Instagram is so far behind TikTok. But one of the biggest misconceptions and one of the things they touched on was TikTok is the new TV, but TV doesn't translate to sales. It's more about brand awareness. The misconception is that TikTok can't drive sales. And it 1,000% can in our experience as a small brand with a team of four people. It's unbelievable the reach and just how specific you can get with the algorithm delivering it to exactly who wants to see it.


Why did you waste it cuz he's fine, bro? Bardock's never gonna hit him again a few moments later How's it going everybody dots and all you're back with some more Dragon Ball fighters and that is right We are back with another raid and this time it is for the original saying Bardock now The first guy that was like, you know what Frieza, I don't kind of like you that much okay true And then he died for it, and I guess Dragon Ball fighters is trying to keep that cannon by making him a puny three star raid So he's actually not that strong at all So I'm actually going into this with the idea that I'm gonna personally dramatic finish him and finish off the Saiyan scraps That's why we got rhyme on cooler and Dion on Ginyu. So what kind of talk bro? Let's get into this Dotto definitely went out of his way. We're all playing characters.  I just noticed we got this whole purple thing. I should have just been hit, bro Why not? Just to fit the purple mold I should have just been hit. I want to Dragon Ball.  What's called?   He knows exactly what he wants it Bardock throwing heads is supposed to be the easiest raid. He's a saying a saying Oh He knows his punching and fine dining am I gonna be the only one who gets a perfect because it's a look in that way Literally is a waiter at a restaurant Just like the idea screaming everything Oh That's actually gold those POV you know do you realize what happened you got saved by Look at your health bar, bro, you're falling apart. I nerf myself I'm clearly the only guy that can do this. You had to call him to gain you force.  You know what this is a space stage Deon I'm gonna make a request didn't mean to do that one time. Just let me erase him real quick. Okay, I Think is the guy this raid where the CQ doesn't fight back. There you go. Go ahead Erasing I need to be very careful Not a race again Wanted to erase him erase him This will change everything both No, and you know what not a rest of the sayings are going out.  I gotta redeem myself last time wait well hold on last time you went first I paid the price bro.   Let's go They go loop. Oh, he kind of tough for real for a to age I Don't know Stop you're scaring I Just realized I have to go first. I just had a premonition that bar doc kills us on this round All right, so that was a cool edit and all but do you want to tell them how it actually happened? Yeah, Edward Don't rewind too far.   He's gonna punch me. He's gonna punch me I'm making a team decision This guy couldn't hit a level three fight told him how bro Golden Frieza is great. Why do Frieza players hate this? I feel like I could keep going until I know the Frieza is great. It just run out of breath.  I appreciate that combo Get off I don't want to spend it cuz what if I need it for Can everybody just Oh Bro he had no chance against the boys the oh, I think he's pretty mad at the boys. Oh, no If you want to switch out I would Wouldn't be mad if you wanted to switch back to me No, I got I got him. I got him Whoa, we got him. He just has this look in his eye when Ginyu shows up.  Don't let me into this.   I don't know No Loops what oh He's really mad, bro. He's mad. It's first. Yeah, it's the final battle right here Yeah, this is it He won't you want to expect over it all right, why do you give me bad advice? Why am I listening to dead people? I'm dead. Don't listen to me to age


Just a second. Hi, everyone. Welcome to today's Webmaster Central Office Hours Hangouts. My name is John Mueller. I'm a webmaster trends analyst here at Google in Switzerland. And part of what we do are these Office Hour Hangouts for webmasters, SEOs, publishers, anyone who's kind of interested in search, has a website, and is seeing some questions there. As always, a bunch of questions were submitted. But if any of you want to get started with the first question, you're welcome to jump on in now. I would love to. OK. So I have this client who was asking me about the movie Showtime Rich Snippet that Google shows sometimes for certain branded keywords for the cinema name or movie. And I was reading about it, trying to find out how to find them. We initially thought schema and a good table set up on the front end, and maybe a new Showtime link building strategy to complement it. But we heard about this private API or something that might be what's pulling out the results for the one box that Google shows. We found this company called Webedia that actually works with movie database. So I wanted to know if we as webmasters have the chance to find these rich results by implementing schema plus the tables or some good practices. So Showtime is the movie schedule, right? Yes, correct. I don't know how that's set up. I don't think it's related to a specific structured data type. At least we don't have it documented in the developer center, but rather, as far as I know, it's just separate feeds from these bigger companies that are active in those niches. I can double check, but I don't know if I have anything specific I can point you at. So if you want, you can drop your email address. Maybe if you have a link to help forum posts, it kind of elaborates on what you're trying to do. Feel free to drop that into the comments here in the chat, and then I can try to follow up on that for you. Absolutely, John. OK, thank you. I'll drop the we have a Webmaster Forum thread about it, and I will post my email. OK, fantastic. Thanks. All right. Any other questions before we jump into the submitted ones? OK, fine. Let's see if I can pull it up. Quick question, should we use hreflang annotation in non-canonical URLs, or must we only use it for canonical URLs? So the short answer is you don't need to, and it doesn't cause any problems if you were to use it. Kind of the background there is if a URL is not seen as a canonical URL, then we would not show that in search. So therefore, any hreflang annotation that's associated with that URL would not be used. So from that point of view, if we wouldn't show the page in search anyway, then the hreflang annotation that you add there doesn't really change anything. So you can, if you have the markup there already, but I wouldn't really spend any time on adding hreflang annotations to URLs that you know are not going to be canonical. We have some links at our site to other internal pages. These links are shown as a pop-up with five to 10 lines of good quality explanation to the subject in the link. The link is marked as nofollow. I have a feeling that this is not good SEO, both the pop-up and nofollow. I would prefer to show the content in the pop-up on one normal web page instead of five to 10 links with pop-ups. I suspect your suspicions are correct. So I think there are a few aspects there. On the one hand, if these links are with a rel nofollow attached to them, then we would not follow them and not use them to crawl and pass signals across the rest of your website, which is probably not something that you want. You probably want us to crawl all of these pages and to recognize how important they are and to show them more in search. So in general, for internal links, I would recommend not using the rel nofollow, unless you have really good reasons to do that. The other thing with regards to the pop-ups, I don't really know exactly how you mean that. So that's something that is kind of hard for me to say. But in general, you're welcome to link to other parts of your website. If you have a pop-up within your website pointing to other parts of your website, usually that's fine, as long as that works for your website, as long as that works for your users. So that's something I'm not really too worried about. It's really more the matter of using nofollow for internal links for things that you do want to have indexed and shown in search. We're working on a page speed initiative to defer images that are outside of the viewport on page load per the recommendation of page speed insights. Our concern is that the crawler will have trouble finding images that are below the fold as they don't show up in the DOM on the initial page load. How should we balance the recommendations of page speed insights and the ability of the crawlers to find pop-ups? There's a bit of a background noise somewhere. Let me just mute some of you. See if that works. Perfect. OK. So with regards to images, I think there are a few aspects. On the one hand, you need to think about which images you really want to have indexed. So just because you have images on a page doesn't necessarily mean that they're useful for your website with regards to image search. So think about how people might search using image search to find your content and how they might want to search for things, which images they'd like to see, and how that can drive traffic to your website. So that's kind of the first thing is like you don't really need every image on your website to be indexed in image search.  On the other hand, there are multiple ways that you can use lazy loading to kind of defer the loading of the images in a way that still works for Googlebot. So I double-check our guidelines on that. That's something where there are different ways that you can do that and ways that would work for Googlebot in particular. And with regards to the initial DOM of the page that's less of a worry. It's more a matter of when we render the page, do we find the image tag that links to your images? And if we can find the link to your images, then we essentially have everything anyway. But those are kind of the three aspects I'd watch out for. Kind of just avoid just generally indexing all of the images just because you can. And then double-checking the way that you're using deferred loading of images and then making sure that those images that you do care about are linked in a way that we can discover. How to affect the site with a DMCA notice? We have two about content that is legal, but we don't have the resources to protest. So we have removed the content, but not the DMCA notice. Is that affecting Google SEO? So I can't give you legal advice with regards to the DMCA process. So that's kind of one thing to keep in mind here. My understanding here is that if there's a DMCA complaint that is active, then we will remove that URL from search and show that notice in the search results appropriately. Within Search Console, I believe you have a link to kind of go through the process of claiming that this DMCA complaint wasn't erroneously and that you disagree with it. At that step, once that has happened, it's essentially up to you too. So kind of you as a person who published that content and the person who submitted the complaint initially to figure out what the solution is there, usually, as far as I know, that goes through the normal legal channels. From search point of view, if you're talking about two DMCA complaints that have been submitted for your website, then generally, that's not a big thing.  So that's not something that is really big problematic. We're only receiving traffic from our brand keyword from two months ago, but we're new in the top stories because Google hasn't indexed our news for two years in the carousel. We changed our directory from slash notices and now we have top stories carousel, but only when we search for kind of the brand name. What can we do? Is there something more wrong? Usually, that can be completely normal. So these top stories carousel is a normal organic search feature. There is nothing specific tied to things that you need to do on your website in order to be shown there. And in some cases, we show sites for some specific queries. In other cases, it makes sense to kind of broaden that out and show these sites for more broader queries. But this is a normal organic search feature. There is nothing kind of manual about that where you need to tweak things manually on your website to make it appear there. It's more a matter of we can crawl and index your content and therefore, theoretically, we could show these pages in the top stories carousel. Sometimes it makes sense for algorithms to pull in these kind of pages in the top stories carousel and sometimes it doesn't. There is nothing really special in regards to that. When we search for a brand keyword or a digital newspaper, we found a search results page with our address. Can we remove it? It's not interesting for readers. We're not a local business. I don't really know how you found an address. So if that's something that's on a specific website, then obviously you'd need to contact that website to have that removed. As far as I know, especially for businesses, it's not something where we would say remove a random web page from the search results because it has an address of a business on it. So that's something where I'd recommend trying to find a source of that address and just having it removed there. If it's something that we're showing in the search results, usually we pull that information in from the normal web content. So I would, again, try to double check where that is coming from and try to remove it from there. We're about to launch some new brand pages to showcase the various different brands that we sell. There will be subcategorized in brand and product line. However, we also manufacture and sell items under our own brand name. I'm concerned that our brand, new brand pages will compete with the main category pages that have all brands listed. I've been looking at how other retailers do this. And while M&S do seem to manage it, well, there are not many examples out there. I was thinking of setting our own brand pages as no index or with canonical to the main category page to prevent them from competing. These are ultimately to help users to find the products that they want. But it would be counterproductive if the main products all rank as a result or all tank as a result. Do you think that's a good idea? I think that's always worth considering. So if you have different pages on your website that are essentially available for ranking for the same keywords, then theoretically, they can compete with each other for those keywords. Theoretically, it can also happen that multiple of these pages show up in the same search results page, which, on the other hand, might be fine. So I think it's fine to look into that and to consider, does it make sense to combine things into one page? Does it make sense to just have one of these pages indexable? Or does it make sense to have these different pages indexed separately because maybe they fulfill a different need or a different kind of query? So that's definitely something I would look into. That's it. I don't think there's really a clear kind of perfect answer for this situation. It really depends on the website, on the type of content that you have on these pages. For example, if you're the manufacturer and this is your own brand, then chances are not a lot of other sites are going to be trying to rank for those keywords anyway. So while you might be kind of competing with yourself for those keywords, you're competing at a very high level. You're kind of competing for position one, two, or three. And these are all pages within your own website. So it's not that your main pages would suddenly disappear when someone is searching for your brand. It's more that, well, there are multiple pages now that are showing in the search results when someone is searching for your brand. On the other hand, if you're competing with a lot of other websites out there and they're all trying to rank for these kind of brand name terms as well, maybe this isn't your own brand, maybe you just have a lot of resellers that are really strong, then that's the kind of situation where you might say, well, there's a lot of competition out there. For us, it's a matter of kind of ranking number three, number four, versus ranking on page two somewhere. If we kind of dilute things into two or three separate pages. And in that kind of situation, it probably makes sense to concentrate things on one page which you could do by no indexing the other page, by using a real canonical, by just having one page overall. Any of these kind of mechanisms to combine multiple pages for indexing, that might make sense there. So that's, again, something where I don't have an absolute answer, but where you can kind of look at the situation yourself and see, is there a lot of competition here? Do I have to make sure that I have really, really strong pages? Or will my pages rank anyway? And it's more a matter of which of these pages I want to have shown in search. And then maybe it's not so critical that you combine things and make fewer pages that are a bit stronger. Let's say someone wants to launch a new website in a competitive niche where the search results are dominated by 10 to 15-year-old sites with thousands of links. Let's say the website owner is convinced you can do a better job than them by providing visitors amazing content with great user experience. Does the webmaster have a chance in a reasonable timeframe? I don't know. Maybe. So I mean, there are always these storybook examples out there where someone comes charging in with something really fantastic and it blows everything else away and they perform really well. Search, they perform really well in business overall. It's possible. It doesn't mean it's going to be easy. So in particular, if you're looking at the search results and these are companies that have been actively working for those 10 to 15 years on those websites and they're really strong at competing with each other for these kind of search results, then I suspect that's going to be really, really hard. On the other hand, if these sites are out there and they were put up 10 to 15 years ago and kind of left to kind of hang around for a long time, then maybe that's something where you could do something completely novel and kind of turn that upside down. But it's not something where there's a clear answer where I'd say it's like it's never possible or it's always going to be possible. Sometimes it's just very hard, a lot of hard work. Yeah, it's really hard to see. I wouldn't assume that just because other sites are out there longer and have a lot of links that it's impossible to rank instead of them. Question about flexible sampling. Let's see. If we use a lead-in approach rather than metering and we enclose a paywall content with structured data, does this mean we can provide the entire article to Googlebot for indexing and not have it considered clothing? Yes, that's essentially how the flexible sampling approach works. You can provide the content to Google with the appropriate structured data. And when you feel that it's appropriate, you can show either the lead-in or you can have kind of the metered setup that you say, in this particular case, users are able to see this much content or maybe they're only able to see a certain number of pages. That's totally up to you. So that's something that you can do with flexible sampling. It's always a matter of, does it actually work for a website? Does it work for your business? So that's kind of more the angle that I would worry about there. If users come to your site and they can't read any of your content and they can find just as much good information out there on the rest of the web, then probably they're not going to jump through hoops to kind of get access to that content. But on the other hand, if they've seen that there's something really useful on this website and that they see either from the lead-in approach or from kind of the articles that they've been able to access already, that this is something that's worthwhile to go through these extra steps of registration or payment or subscription, then that sounds like a good idea. My recommendation there would generally be to experiment with this. So don't just go all in and do it like in the extreme case that you only have a line of text from all of your content. But really kind of double check to see what works well for your users and for your specific content. Nowadays, everyone talks about user intent. If a page is blocked by robots text and it's ranking, how does Google determine the query relevancy with page content as it's blocked? If Google is using other signals, then what happens if the site owner will replace the entire content? For example, if pornographic content is added. So if it's blocked by robots text, obviously we can't look at the content. So we do have to kind of improvise and find ways to compare that URL with other URLs that are kind of trying to rank for these queries. And that is a lot harder. And because it's a lot harder, it's also something where if you have really good content that is available for crawling and indexing, then usually that's something we would try to kind of use instead of a random robotic page. So from that point of view, it's not that trivial. We do sometimes show robotic pages in the search results just because we've seen that they work really well. In that when people link to them, for example, we can estimate that this is probably something worthwhile, all of these things. So it's something where as a site owner, I wouldn't recommend using robots text to block your content and hope that it works out well. But if your content does happen to be blocked by robots text, we will still try to show it somehow in the search results. I asked a question about subdomain leasing in the last Hangout, but they have two more questions. I think your answers would be interesting to the wider Webmaster audience, especially as you talked about changing domains recently. A few months ago, the owner operators of some coupon white label sites that were at least subdomains changed. It seems even though all the content was fully replaced, there was no significant effect on the site's rankings in Google. So my questions are, how does Google normally treat cases where the complete content of a website or URL is replaced with similar but completely new content? This is actually pretty common. So I mean, probably not that coupon sites are swapped out, but that you replace content on a web page is a pretty common situation. So it's essentially normal website revamp. Sometimes it's just content that's rewritten. From our point of view, we take the signals that we have associated so far with that particular page, and we look at the new content, and we associate whatever new signals that we can pick up from the new content with that page as well. So if things are just slightly shifting, so if you take an article on your website and you just rewrite it to be more modern to include the modern words, to include more modern information, then we'll take that more modern version into account and use that for indexing. Kind of makes sense. The same thing would happen here. If one coupon page content is swapped out against a different coupon page content, it's essentially a way of rewriting a certain page. So that's not something I would see as being particularly unique in that sense. The important part when you're doing a revamp like this with your website is ideally to keep the same URLs as before. That makes it a lot easier for us to associate the old signals with the new content. So if you're making significant changes on a website, try to keep the old pages as much as possible. If you can't keep the old pages, then redirect pages that have changed to the appropriate new URL. How does Google normally treat cases where the owner operator of a website changes? So if we're looking at a general business or general website, sometimes ownership situation changes and essentially the website itself continues to run in the same or pretty much the same way. And that's not really something where Google would get involved in. In that sense, it's kind of like you have one company. It's running a website. And that company gets acquired by a different company. And now, theoretically, the owner of that website is that other company. But everything around that website is essentially still the same. It doesn't make sense for Google to change anything significantly in their index in the search results just because of some ownership change there. I think it would be different in situations where, say, one website expires and someone else picks up that domain name and puts a new website on there. Then that kind of makes sense to treat that differently because it's essentially a new website instead of the old one. But if you're just changing ownership, that's kind of normal thing to happen over time. It's not anything unique that, from my point of view, we'd need to treat differently. I also think it would be really hard for Google to try to pick up these kind of things because we don't really track who exactly owns which website or which part of a website and how does that evolve over time. I recently started working on a website where pages in one of the languages don't get indexed at all. So the question goes on with a bunch of examples. I looked into this briefly. One of the things that I noticed is every time I try to access the Polish version of a page, it redirects me to an English version of the page. And I noticed that this also happens for Googlebot as well. So when we try to render one of these Polish pages, we get a redirect to the English version, which is probably done because you're recognizing that it's maybe an English-based browser or not a Polish-based browser. And it makes sense to show the English version of the page instead. In practice, what happens there is we only see the English version. We never really have access to the Polish version. So we can't really index that properly. So what we usually recommend for cases like this is if you have a home page that does this kind of adaptive language switching, then that kind of makes sense. But you should have individual landing pages for the individual languages so that if someone explicitly goes to the English version, they'll always get the English version. If someone explicitly goes to the Polish version, they'll always get the Polish version. And then when you have it set up like that, you can have the home page doing that automatic redirect. And you can use the hreflang annotations for that. In particular, for the home page, you would have xdefault to say this is the default version where I do my fancy redirect. And then you have the English version where you say this is my English version with hreflang and the Polish version with the Polish version for hreflang. And then when we look at that set of pages, we see there's an English version, a Polish version, and the default version where if we don't know where to send people, we'll send them to the default version. You can do your fancy redirect there. But we need to be able to access the individual language versions individually. Usually, that also means for the individual detail pages on the website. So the individual products or categories that you have, usually you wouldn't set that up because it's easier to just have one English version and one Polish version of those pages rather than to have a third redirecting version for every product page, every category page. So with just a Polish version and an English version, I would just make sure not to set up a redirect. And instead to use the hreflang annotations between those two versions so that we can crawl and index both of those versions independently and use hreflang to swap them out as accordingly. If you see that the wrong version of these pages is shown to users sometimes, what I would recommend doing is showing a banner on top instead of redirecting. With the banner, you're leaving it so that anyone is able to access any of those language versions, but they're still getting that information that actually the version that probably suits them better is available here. And they can just click on the link to go maybe to the Polish version or to the English version. So that's generally the recommendation I would have there. So first, remove that automatic redirect on the product page. Maybe set up something similar with a redirecting home page if you want to do it for the home page alone. And make sure to use hreflang annotations between these pages. And then finally, if you want to do something fancy, use a banner instead of a redirect. Hi, John, can you hear me? Yes. Great. So that question comes from me. I was just wondering, all things considered, I will check all the things that you said. But there's another thing with the no-index error in Search Console. So I've given an example as well for that. Search Console shows me that there is a no-index meta tag, but it's neither in the meta tags nor in the header. So I'm wondering if this is just a fluke or could this be a problem as well with all that? I don't know. I don't know where you see the no-index. So usually what I suspect would be happening here is we would. I don't know. I'd have to double check the URL. But what is probably happening here is we get confused with the canonicalization of that page. So because of the redirect primarily, which of these pages should be canonical with what? And we probably or possibly pick a URL on your website that has a no-index on it as a canonical for whatever reason. And it's not so much the matter that there's a no-index there. It's more that we get confused with the canonicalization. Therefore, we could be showing things that are not so useful for you in Search Console there. So I'd have to double check that particular URL. Is that the first one that you have in the platform? Well, there's many of them, but I've just given one example. Do you mind if I email you in a couple of days when I check all the things to follow up on this? Sure. Ideally, maybe just ping me on Twitter. And then we can do it there. OK, great. Thank you. Sure. I think with this kind of redirect thing, you could see a lot of weird results because of that, that essentially go away once the redirect is fixed or once that's removed. John, can I follow up on this? So when you have a home page that does redirect the user based on an IP address, how does Google handle ranking signals that point towards that home page? Like links, for example, most links usually go to a website's home page. Does Google forward that to the English version because Googlebot is coming from the US and it's likely that the redirect will go to the English version? Or does Google know how to handle that automatically and spread it out based on an hreflac or anything? So usually what would happen there is we would pick a canonical for that page, which would possibly be the English version. So depending on how that's set up, you can look up the canonical in Search Console with the Inspect URL tool. And that would be the URL that would essentially collect these links. Because for links, we see them as going from one canonical URL to another canonical URL. And essentially, that's how we would track that. What happens there in practice is if, say, the English version were to rank and with the hreflang annotation, we know the home page would be the better fit, then we would just swap out the URL after we put together the search results page. So basically, the ranking stays the same. We swap out the URL against the home page and do it like that. And does that happen for somebody who's from a location where a different version of the hreflac? Sure. So if you have the English-Polish version from before, if you come from Germany, then we don't have a German. But we have an xt fault, so we'll show the home page, which is the xt fault. And does the xt fault tag needs to be placed only on the initial, the first page from each language version? Would that be enough? Yeah, yeah. It's kind of weird with the xt fault version, because if you're doing this kind of automatic redirect, then you can't actually put it on the home page. But you can put it on the different language pairs. So if you have English and Polish version, you say, this is English, this is Polish, and this is xt fault. And we can't really control the xt fault version. But we trust that it's there, because you're linking to it from the different language versions. OK, but do you generally recommend not to have this kind of home page redirecting set up? I know this, for example, I think IKEA was using just a general home page where the user can just choose the language version. Is that better for Googlebot? Or is it? It works. OK, I think people do it in different ways. I don't know if there are any usability studies out there. Some people have the map set up, kind of like all the different versions link. Others have a redirect. Others just swap out the content dynamically. So that it's like you go to the home page, and it's automatically in your language, which is also nice. But I don't think from our point of view, we have any preference there. It's really more usability question. Maybe also, how many different language versions do you have? If you have 50 language versions, then maybe you want to let people pick. If you just have two, maybe that's something that you can guess better. OK, so generally speaking, just treat Googlebot as a normal user. And hreflang should do the trick as long as it's set up correctly. Yep. Awesome. Cool. OK. Can I ask a question? Sure. OK, great. Oh, can't hear you. John, I've got a quick question for you. On the website, can you hear me? Wait a second. I think Danny was trying to ask a question first. All right. Danny, we can't hear you. Oh, no. Oh, man. We'll have to get back to you, Danny. Oliver, you want to give it a try? Yeah, on the website, it's nice to meet you, John. It's my pleasure. I have a website. I'm not getting any search traffic. But what I'm doing, I'm promoting my website, Facebook, social media, social Facebook. And basically, people usually steal and copy my content on their blog. And thankfully, I'm getting links from that, because I usually place internal links on a blog. And people, I'm getting links from that. Is there any bad signals? Because these are usually the same microtechs and the same URL. They're all local, like so. They're all local links. So is there anything I need to disavow? I'm too thankful that I'm getting links. I think in general, if you're getting links from your content, that's kind of OK. The thing I would kind of keep in mind is that if these are, say, other blogs that are just copying your content, and that's because you have a link there, then probably that's not a really valuable link. So it's not going to be something that will be bad for your website. But I don't think it's something that our algorithms would say, oh, this is a fantastic site. And it's linking to your content. Therefore, your content must be fantastic. It's more like, oh, this is a pretty bad website. And it's linking to your content. It doesn't really tell us that much. It's like, we see the link. But it's not going to be kind of magical SEO power kind of link. Most of these links and most of these pages are indexed at all. I mean, if I search through URL, we won't show up at all. OK, yeah, that's, again, I guess, a sign that we don't see them as being that useful. I mean, from my point of view, I think this is fine to get started like this and to kind of build up and build a user base that if you're creating content that other people find useful enough to copy, then that's kind of good for a step. And then to kind of build up from there and kind of say, well, first I'll have like random people who kind of link to me because they think it's OK content and they copy it. And then as I grow, more people will recognize that my content is really good and then I'll start gaining more really stronger, better links as well. Thank you. Is that any better? Can you hear me now? Yes, perfect. OK, great. Thanks. I'll keep it brief. So to the extent an image can have a different alt tag based on whether it's on page A or page B, right? I mean, what image can we need different things in different contexts? So to the extent that you can assign it a different alt tag based on what page it's on, here's my question. When an image is used as a link, should the alt tag of the image be about the page that the image resides on? Or should the alt tag be about the destination page? That's wrapped in an A tag, right? And the A tag is pointing to some destination page. So the image resides on page A, but it's pointing to page B. And page A is about something. And page B is about something a little different. And the alt tag, if you asked me to write an alt tag, I could write different alt tags for page A versus page B. So does Google base the alt tag? Should it be about page A or should it be about page B? It should be about the image. So theoretically, you would see the alt attribute as something that's associated with the image in the sense that it should be describing the image. And that's kind of primarily how we use that for image search. If you're talking about an image that's essentially navigational element on a page, then maybe having an alt tag or an alt attribute that matches what the image is about, like it's a next button, for example, or it's an add to cart button, that kind of thing, then that also makes sense. We do take the alt attribute into account as a part of the anchor for that link. So that does play a little bit of a role there. But I would primarily see this as something that helps with the usability for images like that. If you're using them as navigational elements and less as something that you're kind of like passing anchor text value to the next page. If you're worried more about the anchor text, then I would just use a normal text anchor text for that and maybe also have an image next to it or on top of it or something like that. But usually, I would just use the alt attribute as a description of the image so that those who are using screen readers, for example, can still use your website normal. OK, because my sense tells me that it should be about the destination page because the images I'm talking about are not the boilerplate graphical images. They're more substantial contextual images that tell something about the page and are used to optimize the on-site elements of the page. So if you were to ask what this page is about and you're trying to build a cohesive theme, you'd want the alt tag of that image to match the theme of the entire page so that you're telling the crawler and users what this page is about. But at the same time, my thinking goes, well, it's wrapped in an A tag. And in A tag, you always write what the destination page is about to explain to the user that this A tag is going to take you here. So should the image that's wrapped in an A tag also have the same characteristics in that it should be about the destination page? I think it really depends on what you're trying to do there. I'm not completely sure. I understand your particular use case there. It sounds like it's not like an add to cart button. And also, it's not like a giant image that you want to have index an image search. It's something in between where. Yeah, imagine the simplest thing that comes to mind is maybe like a product image. And maybe in the category page, that product image, you'd want to optimize that image to be consistent with the category of those products. But that product image is a link that points to the product page. So should that product image on the category page be optimized for the category? Or should it be optimized for that product that it's pointing to? I think you could argue both directions. So because what happens from a technical point of view, when we see that kind of a setup, essentially we pull out the alt attribute and see that as a part of the page that is linking. So it's kind of like this text is seen as a part of the category page. And we also pull that out as an anchor for the page that it's linking to. So it's seen as both a part of the category page, as well as kind of descriptive around the product page that it's linking to. So it's not like a clear, like it should only be about the product page and it's also not clear, it should only be about the category page where that kind of image is on. Right. I mean, my goal is to increase the trust and authenticity of that page. So I don't want to give conflicting, inconsistent signals to the crawler where the trust in the website is lost because there's inconsistencies in the crawler. So I can't trust anything that this website is telling me because here it's the same image as pointing, using this alt tag, but it's not about the page that it's sitting on. But okay, just hearing you say that it's, there's no clear answer, kind of gives me a low piece. Okay. Thank you. I wish there were more questions that had clear answers, but sometimes they just don't. Okay, thanks. Sure. Hi, John. Hi. Does he want to go first? Chris, you're on first. Oh, fantastic. Thanks. So currently one of the websites I'm working on is having issues showing up in the Google search index. When I went to Google search console, it says the URL is not on Google. The reason for it is it's a page with a redirect. However, when I went to figure out where this redirect is or what it's redirecting from, it's saying none is detected and that the URL might be known from other sources that are currently not reported. So I'm trying to figure out at this point, I've asked around a lot, what steps I should take to figure out what to do about that. Probably easiest if you can just drop the URL in the chat here. All right, I can do that. Then I can take a quick look at that. Cool. Sometimes these are a bit tricky to figure out, especially when there's JavaScript elements involved and it's really hard to figure out what's happening. So you're saying it's not being indexed at all or? It'll come up if you specifically search for the link, but it will not come up for the keyword that I've registered under, even though when I reviewed the keyword, I'm number two in my local area for this keyword. Okay, I think that's trickier because then it is indexed and it's more a matter of ranking, but I can definitely take a quick look at that. Cool. Okay, we have like a few minutes left. If anyone wants to jump in with a last question. Yes, John, hi, how are you? Hi. So John, I have one related question about redirects and canonicals. Is it a problem if URLs are with a trailing slash in canonical tax or in refund tax, but they're redirected to the URL without trailing slash? That's usually fine. I think you have the situation that it's kind of conflicting information that you're giving us. So it's unclear exactly who will win, like with trailing slash or without. So I would try to be as consistent as possible and pick one or the other. Okay, thanks. That's one more quick question. Is there any difference in the number of SERP result when we have FAQs result compared with SERP result without FAQ result? In the most of the FAQ result in SERP, we see no more than five desktop results and otherwise normally we are see 10 results in desktop. I have no idea. I could imagine maybe they have something, but I don't know. I don't think it's like defined. Okay, thank you so much, John. Sure. Can I ask a quick question before we take off? This is an AMP Stories question. We're trying to build a pilot for one of our magazines and I'm trying to figure out the best way to place these pages for Google to find them. I'm having a hard time finding any information on that. Should we be building a sitemap, a landing page for them? I just haven't seen many examples out there other than the big news organizations. Now, I think in general, you'd want to link these like normal pages within your website. So we would see them as normal pages. I think the tricky part is sometimes there is not a lot of content on these pages, so it's hard for us to rank them, but essentially they're normal HTML pages, so you can put them in the sitemap, you can link to them internally, anything that you would do with normal HTML pages. Yeah, I think the biggest problem that I'm having is that I'm having a really hard time finding any examples out there as well, so I don't know if it hasn't been completely rolled out or it's, so what's going on? I think it's just really new, so it's something where people are experimenting with it. I think the WordPress AMP plugin has some experimental features around it as well, so I expect over time more and more people will start using them. Okay, thanks. Cool, okay, I need to take off. It looks like there's still like more stuff to be done. If you want, feel free to drop things into the other hangout in YouTube or also feel free to like post on Twitter or post in the Webmaster Help Forum. There are lots of really smart folks there as well. All right, thank you all for dropping in and I hope to see you all again one of the next times. Thanks, Joan, bye. Bye, everyone.


Well, what's up everyone? It's your girl, Kenty here from Layton Sports Cards and I am ripping personal here for Jason H. Got a 2022 Leaf Stitches and Slabs Baseball Box. Alrighty Jason, thanks so much for hopping in. Let's see what we can get you. Again, looking for a autographed jersey and buyback card. And we only had a few of these left back there when I went to grab it. Definitely a fun rip. Get that card here first. Let's see what we can get. Yeah, so it's always fun to rip. All right, we've got a 2019 Topped Chrome Vladdie Jr. Rookie PSA Gem Mint 10. Nice hit there, Jason. Vladdie Topped Chrome Rookie Gem Mint 10. Heck yeah. Grats on that one. And Jerdy. Jerdy. Jerzy, we've got a Juan Marcha Call. Haven't seen this one yet. Yeah, we have pulled quite a bit of Juan Soto Jerzy. It's nice looking autographed though. Nice auto. All right, you got, that is a GSA cert. You can see your cert there and matching sticker. All right, Jason, now we'll do it for your box. Very nice box there on the Jerzy and the Vladdie PSA 10 Rookie. We'll begin this right out to you.


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This is Think Tech Hawaii. Community Matters here. Welcome to Think Tech Hawaii's human humane architecture here every other Tuesday with our category of learning from the past for the future or in other words to say the evolution of exotic traditions of architectural strategies on this island with the Soto Brown and Martin Dissipane. How do you do? I'm good except when I look at picture one I have to say, if we can get this up in picture one I'm getting increasingly nervous about this is the next tower that goes up in Kakaako by Howard Hughes and this is by very respective colleagues of mine who for example did the very notable Apple store which you see at the very corner right but our criticism is they should have exoticized themselves they should have looked in what do I do different in New York than here. So at the top right we allow ourselves a little suggestion we don't want to totally redesign who are we but just saying there is something that's island tradition these are called jealousies and there are two manufacturers still left on the island breezeway and RMA sales but a little bit of sort of patriotism here nationalism on my side this little rooster sign here is the logo of a company they're called Glass Ball Han and they've been doing glass jealousies since the 1950s but then with this sort of increased phobia of energy efficiency they almost got evolutionized away and they were smart and they basically energy optimized their jealousies so this one you see is a double pane system with insulated frames that for example one could have used should have used but then also maybe we should have maybe glass is still a problem we talked about a couple times so let's move on to what we actually want to talk about Correct and so the show is called Corbuses Hawaii Breeze Soleil and why is that and that's called that because we're talking about Le Corbusier French architect who was the creator of something called a Breeze Soleil which is a sunshade it's a French term for sunshade and the way that works very simply is to build on exterior portions of the building or they should be intrinsically part of the building that serve to shield from the direct rays of the sun and by that by doing that you do not turn the interior of your structure into a greenhouse which is enclosed with glass and just eats up and where is this and this is his most prominent example is this is the Palace of Assembly in Chandigarh and so that's in India and have architects on the island been inspired by that Yes, next picture which is maybe the most prominent example is this one Right with great pictures from your archive Yes, this is from Bishop Museum Archives and this is a picture of the construction of the IBM building which is on Alamoana and this is an iconic building by a very famous local architect Vladimir Osipov he designed those exterior concrete forms in a very clever way not only to decorate the building but he also made it so that birds could not roost in them keeping them cleaner than they would be if they were full of pigeons and doves and nesting, etc However, what I was going to say was if we go to the next picture while this is a beautiful building and very decorative and we both do give thanks to the Howard Hughes Corporation for preserving it and continuing to use it but if you look out from the interior of the building you can see that that screen does not serve as much of a breeze sole it does do some level of shading but you still have a lot of sun hitting the expansive glass so it does have this beautiful form and as you pointed out in that upper picture it's kind of flower-like or sort of organic in some ways it doesn't really serve the purpose of what we really want to talk about in this program and while we give Howard Hughes credits for having kept it which he originally didn't want to but we slapped them for having sort of put these pimples on which he can take off again but to your point it's aesthetically very compelling and it's everyone's darling but at the same time probably the artist was more creative than the engineer than the scientist in Asipov the scientist to fixide because again they're treated the same all the way around and the simple rule of thumb for shading is in sort of our climate zones and latitude is horizontal to the south and vertical to the east and the west so this sort of doing it homogeneously around the building isn't really so it's actually more a decorative approach but it is a functionally decorative approach in many ways and it's a good example of modernism that where we're like complaining about this sort of standard chevron they put on today or palm leaf imprint this one here is a very sort of multi-readable multi-duty in its perception actually it's like the logo of the IBM technology way back is one of the design inspirations which most people don't know anymore and I would also say too that it's unique it is not a generic thing because these were engineered and created just for this building so it's the most prominent example but not the most prime and clear and pure so let's move on to an example of nature next picture that teaches us how this works well and this is a cactus plant and cacti grow in areas that are extremely hot and extremely sunny and what they do is two of the adaptions that we're going to be talking about on buildings the ribs which create not only a shadow as you can see each rib shadows the interior of the next rib but there's also a lattice work of spines over the entire exterior which also provides some level of shade too and that's what we're going to be talking about the next picture and project almost relates maybe to literally to that which the architect didn't do but he did pop for the IBM this is the other hero of mid-century exotic modern this is Pete Wimaly who has done the varsity building and as you before the show you said these are not concrete fins and yes they are and I have to give credit to Bob Oda and Paul Kay from Kamehama School who are not giving up on repairing the spalding because back in the days to make these fins was almost impossible without spalding because you got to put enough concrete over the rebars without stainless steel today you have metal mesh you can do this with no maintenance and they're very brave so I'm very proud of them that they're actually going through the pain to constantly... because this building is an icon and you can see it's doing what the cactus is doing exactly and it's a cylinder like the cactus exactly, exactly so next picture it shows this is... I just took these pictures last week and that's exactly what I was just saying I looked at this structure carefully for the first time which is an exterior sheathing around the cylindrical concrete building and I thought that's so thin, that's got to be steel bolted together that has a finish on it and you just informed me as you just informed all of our viewers too no, that's actually concrete and you see how effectively it shades on the left side these glass windows except for maybe the very west sun and the very east sun for some of the bays but overall it's way more sort of shading performatively than the IBM building yes, exactly so let's move on us driving around and taking pictures and your audience don't do it while actually driving so I had to... I was sort of stopping here when I was doing that yeah, right and so this is which building? this is the Board of Water Supply Building on Baritania Street which was built in the early 1950s and it has this beautiful façade which is very, very cleverly and obviously very thoughtfully engineered to serve as a breeze sole to prevent excessive amounts of sun coming into the building and again, if you analyze it if you look at for example just the ground floor has got two horizontal members and then the next upper two floors each have one horizontal member some of these are vertical some are canted some are slanted, etc it's very complicated so here we can say not just the scientists what has worked but also the artists quite admit I mean the refinement is amazing when you want to know more about the building you got to ask your dear friend Don Hiver who has written a book about him and Don has always... Hartwood is the architect another mid-century modern hero we got to move on here with a fast pace because there's lots more and there again just some of what I was saying and here, importantly as this is something we'll see also as well you look directly ahead directly front on to a building like this and you'll see the windows you go a little bit to the left or the right a little bit at an angle all you see is the breeze sole structure that is protecting the windows and driving on down basically King Baritania next picture I didn't get far because only a block further I'm stopping at the next building here and that is the state department of health building which is just one or two blocks further from the building that we just saw the board of water supply and if we go to our next picture you can see some of the... there's the detail exactly there's exactly what I was talking about from straight on all you see is the facade on the side you do not but this building originally I believe was all equipped with louvers so it was entirely ventilated by the natural forces it has been retrofitted to have a variety of different window styles which you can clearly see as well as a bunch of individual room air conditioners and we before the show we said why would you do that and you went so far to be radical and saying you know guys go where Martin is from because if you want cold go to Germany right I mean if you really want to be in a cold cold office then go live in a cold place and Martin has done it and he doesn't want to do it anymore been there done it yes right that's right and next picture this is what the architect provided the architect provided this sunscreen to basically keep the building cool and you can follow everything that's black is basically the shade and everything that's white is the sun and you can see everything that's pushed back is pretty much in the shade moving on there's another building only a couple blocks basically Makai down right this is the capital investment company building which is at Richard Street and Merchant Street and again a 1950s building recently structures were very common in those days not just because it was decorative and not just because it was fashionable but also because this is before a lot of buildings had central air conditioning because that was a very expensive procedure so a lot of buildings still had natural ventilation they opened windows and a breeze sole was a very sensible structure to keep down the heat which is coming in via the sunlight and you can see there's some hierarchy here you basically got the floor slabs projected out then you got some vertical fins there and between our additional horizontal ones and that just has to do with the calculation of the sun angles and seeing how much of these slabs basically have to provide to shape the building next picture shows that in detail pretty clear and again how far back those windows are recessed is very clear when you look at this angle and see that there's no glass visible and as a reference and tribute to our last show which was called architecture I mean this creates some distinct texture and geometry that is just like nature performative and it does multiple things at the same time so next picture is where was I actually driving with my car I was actually driving to get my car re-registered and never mind the goofy looking cars this is not in the future I just did the sort of plain old function on my phone but this is where the DMV in Cali has moved to recently so this is a building from the 1970s we would guess and the next picture shows that it's very ahead of its time because the picture on the right is sort of hard to see but you can imagine it's the corner of the building and I was shooting straight up and you can see that this glass threshold which is the thermal enclosure is actually disconnected from that brise soleil so there's no thermal leakage there's no thermal bridging this is exactly what the highest energy efficient code in Europe and Germany wants you to do you are obligated to do that so there's a mid-century building it's almost hitting the historic registered sort of mark because 50 years and it did that very early and the next picture shows just as we were talking about before this is the facade facing Dillingham so this is east, the morning sun and so on the left part of that picture you basically see I am the morning sun and I'm not getting into the building it's not inviting me in stay out whereas on the other side I'm the light, I'm the daylight and I'm a friend of people and that's why they basically invite me in into the building so it's a matter of direct light indirect light the brise soleil blocks the direct light and the indirect light then comes in without causing as much heat UV damage etc exactly so next picture is there's an easy check on if it works and you basically see at the very bottom left of the image you see the proof of evidence that it works because there's actually a guy sitting there and no it's not the tree that shades him primarily it's actually sort of the slab where he's hovering and feeling comfortable so it pretty much works and if you again pay attention to the angle so the sun angle and the shadow tracing that you can see this building is effective and efficient in being a biochlamatic building a pioneer from the 70s next picture however the client is not taking advantage of it it's fully sealed it's fixed glazed they got these blinds and it's fully ACed so our recommendation is guys whenever these windows go old replace them with the innovative version of the glass jealousy right and let the wind come through and let the wind do the work absolutely that you do not have to pay for absolutely and next picture is a demonstration that this is interesting because it all traces back I mean concrete is the means and methods of the Le Corbusier style bristle laid here because he was working with concrete and so the concrete pre-fab industry way back Hawaiian dredging basically build it for themselves this was the headquarters at Kapa Hulu and date they're not there anymore you guys probably know it because the side street in is there and then one realtor a firm and this is an unfortunate side here because it had actually more trees that are on the street side where you said you hardly noticed the building here they took them away because of the homeless sweeping you see that unfortunate orange fence which is another topic so this unfortunately reveals or unveils that this building is not perfectly this is facing west and they didn't do the sun angle calculation so it actually gets hit by the sun quite a bit so it's a more ornamental approach exactly they knew what was in style and they were doing it without actually understanding the substance so we urge you architects don't just do it because it looks cool exactly do it because it keeps people cool in the building and the analysis of where the sun is at different times of day as well as different times of year is very important based on where your building is situated where it's facing etc all of those things you can do not only decoratively but to enhance the experience of the interior of the building for the people who are in it next let's move on to the next pair of pictures here and as always we're just telling you and sharing with you the little we have seen there's lots more out there so pay attention to it now that we make you sensitive and now that you've been introduced to it look for other Brie Soleil buildings and in these ones here there's sometimes shading more or less and sometimes they're more gestural and sometimes they're more functional and so you can see from the sunshadows here at the time of the day you took the pictures it's probably pretty okay but there are other buildings who aren't quite as and that's the next picture which is the gold bonds building or at least was I have to say on Alamona Boulevard in that Kakaako Salt area here and this is a building that was a very sort of there was a block and they call it I think you know perfectly a very typical institutional looking building and it was characterized by these sort of more gestural vertical fins and it was as you said it was sort of homogeneously you know clad with that yes exactly it had a very homogenous similar frontage I mean the entire facade of the building looked the same and you said it's from the mid-60s mid-1960s gold bond I won't even get into but gold bond trading stamps were but this was part of that entire operation and it has which was what a modernist building liked to look like it was like symmetrical it was like in you know it was the absolutely it was in style it was like the corduroy where they came in the 70s more in clothing exactly but this is again you wanted a symmetrical plain facade or not plain facade but one that was uniform and that's what we have gotten away from now with what is perfectly it's just trendy now so retrofitting has happened like in real estate it is people think of the old as like outdated so let's spice it up let's prep it up so they are hired someone who basically thought well what do I do and they did two things one main thing is pretty much what you see at the corner of the building and they basically put and I just I mean I took once again I'm obviously taking pictures why at least not driving but standing but I saw the pickup truck with which always puzzles me like that people are still allowed to sit in the back of the pickup truck and not sort of having a seat belt on but it's certainly an easy breezy phenomenon right and then you got that construction fence that that basically shows mantras and you know sea life so both things you know show a certain sensitivity towards the environment but then the building is doing the opposite and let's do a little bit of a science demonstration here if we can get the camera on our table here and we're going to demonstrate so let's say these are the fins we have seen in the building and let's say you basically DeSoto is the sun and there is the sun like which I'm trying to aim at and so the sun goes around because this is facing basically west and east and they basically have the wind could pass by and cool down the concrete you don't allow this anymore because it's encased so these sun rays pass the glass they get converted into heat and that's basically going to bake the concrete it gets trapped behind the glass and you create a glass house a greenhouse yeah and that is a no-go in Hawaii greenhouses are for tempered climate where it gets cold and you need to conserve and conceal a no-go for that one and the other thing is if we can get the next picture is that the architect pretty much had done another thing and he was like wrapping the building almost like you make a gift and you have a ribbon and you basically put this ribbon around the building so what that is doing is pretty much not a whole lot and we have a little piece that would simulate that here it's kind of what they did here that happens sort of marginally so it doesn't do a whole lot to begin with it's just decorative and not performative at all correct correct so we're saying well all this money is spent why don't you basically go ahead and we suggest how one could have used these metal this piece of metal basically differently and let's now use our glass again where it's probably going to sit which is somewhere in this area here so you know the fins are not very deep so now we have a suggestion if we both start and seeing how we do this here so we're using the same amount of metal and basically instead of wrapping the building like a gift we basically bracket the fins with these metal strips correct and bring back your son or you be the son and go and illustrate what it is what we're saying is that now we've got a brise soleil and the son is coming at an angle formally it wasn't because these are gone and this gets hit by the son correct and all of a sudden we put these back and now we are protecting from the son not only does this protect from the son but the beauty is also it continues to carry on the original intent or appearance of the building and so while it is not 100% the exact same building it is in the spirit of the similar building and it's also more useful it adds utility I mean the working title for the show the innovation of exotic tradition rise the original architect did justually the right thing with these fins right and now in times of the 21st century you said okay let's enhance that right and you basically just deepen them and I would say you know allow myself as a practicing architect having done projects and having done remodeling taking the cost of the sort of green housing the corners and using the metal ribbons you could have used the same amount of effort and money and basically all basically fin enhance the building and that's what we're saying you know doesn't this here look cool do we think so because of course we are not let's get this straight we're not against innovation we're not against the moving on the flow of time we actually want to support it we say some buildings need to be pepped up but as you said please do it within the notion and the integrity of the building so show some respect and as the result your building is cool and cool correct right both it's it's more useful and it's looks different and it looks unique and it looks up to date so it's not exactly old-fashioned and talking up to date I'm going to volunteer in the tradition so with an example of our work here the next picture is when we were charged to design a school cafeteria and I want to emphasize that the design approach of being the the breeze so late architect is an inside out approach because you don't do it as in the bad example of what we just saw as to impress or basically you know the PIMPA building you basically make a building that people feel good about and in it and in a bio-climatic way this is in temperate climate so if you would want to do this here once again replace the fixed glazing with jealousy but there you go basically you have the same thing and you build it that way from the beginning exactly just add it on as an exterior element exactly and every other thing is basically together with every other one every other one is structural and then every other one is basically performative and they all together do what we see at the next picture where we want to encourage you know the future generation to also go the next step where as many other examples we have shown are applied it's an additional skin this one here is an exoskeleton right so the structure is doing two things it's holding up the building and my dear friend Pat Rand at North Carolina State once said you know sustainability if you want to use that word which is highly deflated and inflated but let's use it is basically like gravity you can't defy it so you want to work with it but you basically infuse it and make it integral and integrative to your building design and the third component is maybe the most important this is the human I mean you can see these young teenagers flirting in the building and with the building so we talked about people and planet friendliness right so you of course you want to make a building that's off the grid net zero which this is but you don't want to do it on the expense of human humane architecture which is the title of the show you want to make people happy and healthy absolutely and you know I just want to point out too that the view of the building at the bottom on one hand it is very stark and it is very modern it is stripped of all of its ornamentation and yet it still retains interestingly to me a lot of classical elements in the same as Greek architecture of a facade that's basically made up of vertical elements as columns those columns have been reduced and they don't look exactly like a Greek temple but you are in fact looking a lot like classical western architecture does these are the principles that have worked and will continue to work and we're going to conclude going back to Ireland of course because that's what we want to help and innovate so the next project is once again starting with the next picture starts with the inside out approach of something we had envisioned up from Manoa which we call the tropical textile and it's basically a woven fabric that most importantly makes you feel like we're suggesting there so light is pouring through the porous fabric of the building and you feel the breeze and you smell the flowers and you really in Hawaii and you do this in a way as you see down there but the next picture and concluding picture which is also a permanent background is basically through we developed this sort of things come full circle with great specific rock and mountain precast who are the follower of Hawaiian dredging and we did this with the campers Les and Adam campers and we developed this as a structural skin so the building this is structural it holds up the building and at the same time it's basically firmly performing the building and so that's our encouragement for you guys think about our tropics differently and find sort of tectonics and technologies that are conducive of our very privileged circumstances of being the most beautiful place on earth I agree so with that we're at the end of the show but we can already give a glimpse of what the next one will be correct so when we come back next time in two weeks we're going to be talking about similar types of building exteriors exteriors however that will be not only decorative and pretty a look at in some cases interesting but also we'll have some other functions in terms of privacy and protection as well so that will be our next time what are we calling that sunscreen we call that sunscreen as like the sunscreen you put on your body SB 20 30 and 50 exactly that's right then stay breath so late see you then bye bye