Thank you Monica, and I'd like also to thank you for a billion moderation that we have and also for the panelists for give us really Full overview on the things that needs to be done And I'm certainly I can convince everybody that all of those recommendations Just received to find the way in our next idea and brochure that will be published after end of this particular idea I was really a little bit short of the time and we did have Basically and actually we have now another seven panelist I will one more time reiterate that you like to listen all and in that sense I asking for those that are asking at the floor those that are asking from the floor to keep their In intervention to two minutes and to ask the floor to do Q&A icon or to raise the hand functions Now I would like actually to start with the following panel and I would like actually to welcome our next moderator to start the next panel And if we find the time we'll do in the the panel or after it will show another video with the migrant story. Thank you Thank you. So my name is Angelica Broman, and I am the Humanitarian Development piece nexus advisor at IOM in Geneva It's a great honor to be here with you and moderate the panel called examining the linkage between migration Environment and climate change to the Humanitarian Development piece nexus and as you all know IOM adheres to the OECDAC recommendations on the HDPN which Fits very well with our mandate. We work within all the three sectors. We are triple mandated compensation and It's a great pleasure to see and we always look on how we can integrate environmental climate change better into our operations. As mentioned, we have a panel of seven Distinguished person and I think I'll do I want to introduce all the seven at once I will start with the first speaker and Let that person give a short presentation and then go on to the next due to shortage of time So we know further ado and as mentioned you can put questions during the presentations in the chat and we will Make sure that they are responded to So the first panelist today is Mr. Jost Clarenbik and I also want to apologize in advance if I mispronounce any person's name Mr. Clarenbik is a special envoy for migration from the Netherlands and as ambassador at last He's worked with governments international Organization and civil society to foster dialogue with countries of origin and transition He's currently chairing the EU Horn of Africa migration dialogue the Khatum process And he's going to talk and give some perspectives from the Netherlands on this issue. So over to you Thank you very much Angelica and Well, many speakers have already said it both yesterday today, but you know the COVID-19 pandemic has left some very deep impacts and inequalities So there's an increased political urgency to act business usual no longer possible and therefore this international dialogue on migration Focusing on migration environment climate change is most timely and urgent and a big. Thank you to IMM for organizing this The organized the urgency to act now is reflected in the disturbing and growing figures on global force displacement If you look at the year 2019 for instance, almost 2000 weather related disasters Triggered 25 million new displacements across 140 countries and territories Now this is the highest figure recorded in a decade and most important of all These are three times the number of displacements caused by conflicts and violence three times Climate change is happening as we speak and it is already affecting lives of people in multiple ways terms of food security floods droughts pushing more than a hundred million people below the poverty line in the coming years and for the driving migration as well and Africa is perhaps the continent most at risk here in the sense of Driving forced migration as a result of climate change The number of people on the move due to climate change related factors will increase strongly over the coming years according to the african union Future climate change may cause armed conflict in over 20 african countries and political unrest in maybe 30 other countries And of course, we need to realize that over 75 percent of the african population is under the age of 35 Therefore, it is important to listen very closely to what youth have to say african youth may become climate leaders Or they may become displaced and we have a choice to help him To address this urgency to act the net let's organize and host the first global climate adaptation summit last january To share knowledge lessons learned and how to adapt to climate change And we learned that an investment of well, maybe two trillion dollars in climate adaptation Could deliver over seven trillion dollars in benefit Investing climate adaptation could add up to maybe point seven extra economic growth globally So climate adaptation is the right thing to do And it is also the small thing to do We need to start putting this at the heart of social economic recovery from kovat 19 We in the Netherlands see climate as a fundamental risk to economic and financial stability And we see climate action as an opportunity To reinvigorate growth after the pandemic and create new green jobs For us, this is mission critical An ambition. Therefore, we The word this year also on the road to kovat 26 Water agriculture economic growth are most effected by climate change But they're also usually important pillars for building back And from the global pandemic lessons learned over the past year One quality shines through and which is the power of global collaboration and partnership Climate partnerships at all levels are important. We need to link local national and global levels for adaptation Strength and meaningful inclusion in climate decision-making processes And increased involvement of a wide range of actors in putting adaptation solutions into practice And as I said do involve youth and do involve women humanitarian Development and peace building actors must work together To find durable and efficient solutions in the context of climate change environmental disasters And this calls for an integrated approach a new way of working And in this context, we very much appreciate iom's initiative and efforts to foster greater cooperation and to enhance cross-sectoral partnerships That concretely address the increasingly complex interconnected migration challenges of today Now the pandemic has shown us once more the importance of localization The need to reduce vulnerability societies protecting them against shocks And we need to leverage our collective knowledge Learn from ongoing initiative share lessons learned Do joint analysis on risks and how to promote durable solutions And thus also tackling root causes of irregular and forced migration As our prime minister said last year when the the year of the pandemic really started You know let this not be the year that triggered a lost decade for development and for building a climate resilient world Emergency response and recovery packages must be aligned with the ncgs and the paris agreement on climate change And this means we must incorporate incentives to accelerate transformation Towards economic recovery powered by low carbon infrastructure green jobs and resilient livelihoods As the cliche goes building back better is the only way forward So in summary three points one Climate can be a risk is a risk to economic and financial stability and security But climate adaptation and mitigation is also an opportunity for reinvigorating growth after the pandemic Second point we do need global cooperation and partnerships at all levels link local national and global Strengthen meaningful inclusion especially for women and youth In climate decision-making processes And third we need to leverage this collective knowledge Learn from ongoing initiatives share lessons learned Do joint analysis and promote durable solutions The COVID-19 pandemic has further increased urgency to act and while doing this we also help Tackle the root causes of irregular and forced migration and displacement. Thank you very much Thank you very much That was very comprehensive and I said, I think you covered a lot of what the hdp is about Localization putting people first participatory approach, etc But we're now going to hand over to miss grata and Voting in tires. I am very sorry for the pronunciation Ambassador permanent mission of indonesia to the united nations and other international organizations in geniva Her excellency will highlight indonesia's national experience and best practice for regarding climate induced mobility and disaster risk reduction Especially from the perspective of the global compact for migration where they're a champion country Are you online? I can't see you. Please. Yes. I am online Oh, wonderful Great over to you then Uh, thank you angelita for angelica for giving me the time now before I touch upon the specific question addressed to me I would like to start with some statistic to give you a context regarding indonesia where we are coming from First in the asia pacific region alone the number of international migrant according to the us cap reached 65 millions in 2019 Now 65 millions equal a quarter of the world international migrant that reached almost 300 into 2019 And 65 million is almost equal to the total population of france in 2020 Just to give you the perspective But more importantly this number is only represent one side of the story the regular documented migrant We haven't even talking about the irregular one. We do not have sufficient data to portray the irregular one Which I believe might well could be much more significant in number The other thing is UNSCR Noted that eight out of the most 10 countries that he hardest by conflict are among those also exposed to climate hazard and these eight countries among 10 host nearly 20 million displaced person fleeing from violence conflict and persecution No static the statistic and event also show that people are motivated to migrate for a number of reasons that many of the panel has already said Includes economic political environmental and climate And all this motivation may also be compounded and interrelated So migration is an undeniable reality But let me just bring another understanding that the fact migration is part of human existence It has been ever happening in the earliest recorded history of mankind Many human civilization economic growth in the past were created or driven by migration And even all the push factors that most Colleague panel has already mentioned including the environmental and climate It's also caused the the migration many centuries ago However, of course the current geopolitical situation now we are start marking up lines Territory between country makes the situation much much complex Then of course for Indonesia we also understand that it is important that migration policy focus on tackling the root causes some of them like People consider a more preventable causes, but it is also a long-term solution So for country like Indonesia it is more possible and realistic for us to combine preventive measure With improvement of our current migration management This is to ensure that when migration happened then it will happen. It's happening It will conduct it in a safe orderly and regular manner. So a comprehensive approach Now back to the question at hand Over the decades Indonesia have learned so much from our various experience in responding to domestic climate and natural disaster Induced displacement and irregular movement of people. We are a country of 17,000 island. So can you imagine that? And at least there are three lessons learned that we can share In in uh in the connection of nexus between humanitarian development and peace and migration First is the need to build a domestic capabilities Now we learn firsthand The important of having holistic approach on disaster is reduction As a country located in the ring of fire Indonesia is disaster prone In 2020 alone. Yeah, we already have more than 1,300 disaster occurrence and have already more than 5.1 million people displaced Now again this backdrop our government for uh several years now has saved the focus from disaster risk Disaster response mechanism to disaster risk management and supported by by a more comprehensive policy framework Of course, we're taking into account the same day framework for disaster risk reduction And we also continue to build a better And fit for purpose disaster management institution at the national and sub-national We have a Indonesian national board for disaster management at the central governments But it also has affiliate office at the provincial and district level So at the national level we will focus on improving institutional and policies coordination With other agency at the national level, but also in terms of allocation resources Just remember we are talking about 17,000 Islands of country with 70,000 island of island so allocation of resources Is important how we are making sure that the resources that we have are able to move Quickly to address disaster on the other part of our country at the local we focus on enhancing a disaster response by focusing on the Efficiency and efficacy in aid management and aid delivery system Now we want uh, I think one of the lessons from a many Disaster that we have and how we are you know managing Help and assistance from other countries want to make sure that all program and disaster relief assistance that we receive Prioritize the local community interest and not done or driven Sometimes we have received a system that are not actually practical to to be used at the local level for example So it's another waste of resources and second regional approach is often uh a more Tailor-made solution for us No data shows that most migration happened between countries of the same region So hence regional efforts approach fits better because Neighbors know best Now allow me to share our experience in establishing the Bali process with Australia in 2002 to address the issue of irregular migration in the region Now Bali process have more than 49 uh countries. It was uh in the beginning a consultative process bring countries Of origin transit as well as decimation Now most of our members are countries coming from the region But also we have member coming from different region, but these members are an important Key player in the migration issue. We also include different uh, un agency and international organization So in the beginning the forum is uh, uh another platform for information sharing and best practices But then under one sea crisis happening in 2015 and after that we experience in the region subsequent cases of irregular maritime migration And uh, this crisis is another example. How Bali process as a regional forum has to adapt its working method Now the crisis in 2015 Shows that Bali process need to build a more agile and timely response for sudden and large influx of migration So we are no longer a forum for talk shop and sharing this experience. We have to establish something To respond quickly. So Bali process established what we call the task force on planning and preparedness It comprised of operational level government official who are responsible The national level dealing with transported large movement of migrants and refugee So through the task force, uh, Bali process tried to create another arm To have a stronger action oriented and in field in field coordination Where communication has to be built among countries in the region from early warning, especially detection of movement of ship carrying uh people on both, you know, uh, both peoples and coordination for search and rescue That sometimes need different country who share maritime border to work together and we talk about capacity and how to Help each other in terms of in this environment and management of shelter for these people that we rescue and Starting last year because of the pandemic. We also built capacity is in responding this crisis While still adhering to the strict health protocol We need to protect not only our, uh, water and official at the frontline that provide help to the Rescue migrant, but we need to make sure the rescue migrant are safe from the cockpit Now between 2020 2021 we have rescued more than Almost uh, almost 40 400 Rohingya board people Majority are women and children and for Indonesia It's it's actually a commitment from us to provide assistance and protection Although we are not a party to the 1915 refugee convention The other thing is Bali process has also taught us that first regional management of migrant means we also need To work in dealing with the element of transnational crimes Like human trafficking and people's sparkling because these crimes praise on the vulnerability of migrant that is as that desperate To escape their situation in their home countries the more the other important thing is It's important to work with other resourceful countries particularly the state party to the 1915 convention not only resources country have more A role in contribution for the funding but also In accelerating the safe voluntary and dignified and of course resettlement of migrant in our region To outside of asia pacific region now the third one is a multilateral governance such as gcm We find gcm. It's really helpful He has been served as guide for indonesia to improve our migration governance For example, the most important thing is for us to identify some of the gaps and missing lead related to the cross-sectoral challenge of migration In short, gcm has helped us to build a more coordinated migration governance And also help us in the process of developing national action plan The moment we are doing the national experiment to further implement gcm With the principle of whole government and whole society Approach now according to the gcm. There is also a notion that we need to minimize the driver That force people to leave their countries. Yes, we have already agreed on that But also we need to work towards a world where migration is is a more genuine choice Not a necessity And if this become a genuine choice then according to gcm It is also our job to ensure the choice is conducted in safe and orderly a manner On on the last note, you'd like to touch upon the impact of pandemic on migration During the pandemic we've seen that many countries including myself Our countries started to looking inward and most are struggling to caution the impact of covid-19 to the social economic welfare of their people And we want to make sure that our people get vaccinated as soon as possible So it is a difficult time for any country to provide health support and protection For their own citizens. We're not even mentioning health support and protection to the irregular migraine that we are hosting So can you imagine even those pro this this is even a problem for A high income country. Can you imagine the challenge for low and Middle income countries with the minimum resources But at the same time the reality they are the one who do the heaviest listing lifting in immigration because they host the majority of irregular migrants in the world so therefore Just to underline the important of principal of burdens sharing and responsibility sharing Is not just a rhetoric but also observe and implement it particularly during difficult time Such as the such as the time of the pandemic I think that's it for me and thank you again for your times and listening So i'm looking forward to hear the views and perspective from other panelists and of course the question. Thank you, Angelica Thank you very much. That's exactly what i mean You said it all really the sunday framework. The heart of hdp and is coordinating coordinating and enhancing domestic and local capacity We will probably hear from all of you back at the end of this session Because we will open up for questions and answers But now with no further ado. It's a great honor for me to present. Mr. Cecilia Jimenez da Mary the UN's special repertory on the human rights of internally displaced person Who will talk about IDPs human rights and slow onset dimension Is that with no further ado? And after miss Jimenez we will have general ansiet if that's okay with you. I see your honor also Go ahead miss Cecilia Okay, let me say one point. Thank you very much and actually good evening to where i'm coming from with Very many thanks for the kind invitation of iOM to contribute to the this first dialogue on migration And specifically to this panel So let me add to the spectrum the wide spectrum of migration by raising an important and urgent issue that is forced displacement In the context of climate change, which has already been Attributed by other speakers human mobility In the context of climate change and specifically on slow onset Adverse effects of climate change can take many forms including displacement Migration and planned relocation in most cases movement is not entirely voluntary or forced I think in the previous panel one of the speakers pointed out that sometimes there is a very very Um thin line between forced migration forced displacement and migration But rather sometimes it even falls somewhere in the continuum between the two with different degrees of voluntariness and constraint However in line with the definition of the guiding principles and internal displacement Internal displacement is considered to take place when people are Evacuated or flee their homes or place of off-habitual residents whether to avoid anticipated effects of a disaster Or to remain Or or in the aftermath of a disaster and remain within the country's borders And so it is within this context that I have been asked to share with you My last report to the general assembly which focus on the particular challenges posed by internal displacement In the context of slow onset adverse effects of climate change As well as its impacts on the enjoyment of human rights of those affected as defined by the un fccc slow onset Events are events that evolve Gradually from incremental changes occurring over many years Or from an increased frequency or intensity of recurring events. And that sounds so familiar to all of us It is very telling that while Just some attention has been brought to the human rights challenges Resulting from certain types of slow onset disaster Displacement most of the attention has been focused on sudden onset disaster displacement The human rights implications are both ongoing in all types of disaster displacement Current going on now as well as generational with much of the effects in the future And in our children and our children's children Quite irreversible So given this context we have analyzed in my reports That practically all the human rights of the displaced as well as non-displaced persons Are actually affected in the risk of violations to these human rights increase with both time Intensity as well as frequency of the effects of climate change And nevertheless between displaced and non-displaced populations The differences of the levels of risks and actual violations of human rights Actually grow wider engraver over time Displaced populations having the most have the most burden of these risks to human rights violations In addition within the vast populations of internally displaced persons affected We likewise need to ensure To to examine and address the particularities Of the impacts of climate change on the human rights of specific groups such as indigenous peoples pastoralists women Children and young persons the elderly and persons with disabilities as well just to name a few It is particularly in relation not only to IDPs generally but to specific groups That the aspect of loss and damages comes in very succinctly For example much of the loss in IVP situations are not actually considered Classically loss and damage Talk about for example the loss of culture and language caused by the displacement in indigenous peoples The loss of traditional livelihoods brought about by damages to land and waters As experienced by persons with special attachment to the lands And also to the loss and damages of ways of life and the knowledge that this imbibes This year the anniversary of the of the UN FCCC It would be incumbent on us to reflect on the so-called unseen non material loss and damages That are the result of the adverse effects of climate change brought about by forces placement Having said this however the only way forward is to ensure that such groups Instead of merely being seen as vulnerable, which is the prevalent view in many of our circles They should be seen as agents of positive change and agency. It is therefore therefore Incompetent us to facilitate in our respective areas of responsibility in this wide spectrum of migration That the The setting up the establishment of conditions that would enable what I call the agency approach Indeed in this vein my mandate has always Always emphasized that the participation of internally displaced persons and other affected people like migrants In decisions affecting them is very essential And is actually a matter of good governance on the part of the authorities And this is an essential approach to protect the rights of internally displaced persons My report concludes by reiterating in fact the primary responsibility of states to prevent and reduce the risks Attributed to such effects of climate change And we have heard many Examples ready in this in this panel, which is very heartening to me But with the fundamental need I would like to insist there is a fundamental need to adopt a human rights and idp Displaced affected person centered approach And response to prevention protection and solutions Parallel to this spotlight of state publications, which is An attribute of the primary responsibility of states an attribute of sovereignty I stress the importance of course of a consolidated and coordinated Solidarity approach an action oriented approach of the international community to tackle this present situation In some addressing internal displacement as in the in the wide spectrum of migration Within the context of slow onset adverse effects of climate change requires a holistic approach To the complexities and multi causality of human mobility in this context It therefore requires both individual and joint action by affected states Multilateralism and the international community with the idps and affected communities themselves And of course a multi stakeholder coordinated approach to climate action Disaster risk reduction development Peace human rights protection It would also be essential to involve peace actors in this in settings where such climate change related Effects interact with armed conflict. This is the reality we have in many countries And on the ground the approach requires other actors Other actors as well. For example business civil society national human rights institutions And other act independent actors as well as the academia last but certainly not the least the participation of internally displaced persons migrants etc as required by the human right of political participation And reiterated by many international instruments including the guiding principles on internal displacement In addition to my mandates exporting dependent report to the journal assembly, which I have just shared with you and my recommendations I hope that The recommendations are taken on board and and I I know that some states have taken them on board But also to be taken on board by the international community I also very much hope that the high level panel Of the secretary general for solutions to internal displacement, which includes disaster Displacement will take a consolidated approach to disaster risk reduction development in human rights protection Without which solutions to situations of displacement caused by the effects of climate change cannot be achieved I would like to conclude by thanking iom for its valuable contribution to my jay report last year Which I have shared with you just now And iom's inputs have much enhanced the perspectives and substance of the analysis of my report And I will also like to provide give appreciation for our collaboration On climate change and internal displacement issues last but not the least Thank you to iom for the invitation for me to join this panel and I look forward to the discussions over to you Thank you very much to you I feel honored to have you on board and we should thank you much more than you thanking us. I think Everything you touched upon the coordinated approach Ensuring human rights and having participation is something we've described for for years And we always want to remember the value of culture and indigenous rights. I think everything you've said is very clear and very relevant But I am marching on very quickly here because we have a tight panel and the next speaker is general ansien ni baruto director general of burundi civil protection and chief executive national platform for risk prevention and disaster management This is an intersectional technical committee That coordinates emergency preparedness and response action in burundi He will bring important perspectives of how the burundi government's long-term approach To reduce the number of people displaced due to the effects of natural disaster and climate just has gone So over to you Welcome general The platform national to prevention the risk and the gestion the catastrophe I know this is the occasion to thank the organizers For having accepted that the burundi face a presentation on these efforts In the domain of the reduction of the displacement of the population Due to natural disasters and climate change. It is also an opportunity To make an intervention on the actions of the government of burundi In the framework of strengthening of institutional capacities For the implementation of long-term programs Of the reduction of the effects of natural disasters and climate change As most of the intervenants have said so well The question of the displacement of the population Due to climate change Merits a particular attention And the humanitarian actors, the development actors and those of the peace consolidation They must combine their efforts To relieve the suffering of these communities in displacement By ensuring their protection and by responding Visibly to their needs So to reduce the number of people in displacement the government of burundi has taken The question of the reduction of the risks of the catastrophe as a national priority This is how in 2007 the government of burundi put in place The national platform for the prevention of the risks and the gestion of the catastrophe It is a structure that is in charge To coordinate all the actions of the preparation and the response to the urgences And this structure offers in exchange for the intervenants in the field of the gestion of the urgences To precisely exchange, debate on the actions taken to prepare and also to respond With the actors The government of burundi has developed several aspects And I must also say that at the level of the structure of the reduction of the risks of the catastrophe This structure goes to the community Passing through the province And each community is taken as an entity of development and adopted in a communal field of community development This is the basis of development And with OEM Who is in charge of following or making a work The effect of the framework of the United Nations for the help of the development And I must here say that OEM in Burundi is very involved In the management of the risks of the catastrophe And OEM Has received the approval of a group of work of humanitarian actors and of development Who intervenes when it comes to the aspects of the reduction of the risks of the catastrophe And this structure offers in exchange for where the actors plan together This planning is connected and avoid duplication on the one hand And allows us to optimize, on the other hand, the use of resources With its partners, essentially OEM Burundi then has a national strategy for reducing the risks of the catastrophe Who also integrates the people And who is aligned to the framework of these actions And also who is aligned to the national development plan of 2018 and 2017 From 2018 and 2017, sorry The government of Burundi also has a plan, or it is that it is A plan for the organization of the security and civil response Its plan is intended to put in place response bodies And we have already put in place certain services that are planned by its plan The center of emergency operations, public health and operational And this is the center that is managing the COVID-19 We have already put in place the national emergency operations center And its open and regional center of excellence for the reduction of the risks of the catastrophe Because Burundi has been chosen by the member countries of the African community To enable the regional center of excellence When it was needed to advance it quite significantly That we record in the field of management of emergency situations With the support of its partners as well And I must also come back on the support of OEM We have a contingency plan As you know by definition, the contingency plan It is in preparation for the response in anticipation of an event And its plan, which was proposed by the Prime Minister And to give us the authorization to put it in place And its plan gives us the major risks that Burundi is facing right now First of all, we are managing the group of epidemic diseases I have to talk about the COVID-19 Of pallidism, of the Borah and of the Korra I must also point out here that Burundi has not yet been recorded In the case of the disease of the Borah and of the Korra But when it comes to our placement, which is close to the place where this disease comes from In the Democratic Republic of Congo We must take into account the preparation Another major risk that we have is inundations And the inundations in Burundi create a lot of opportunities and a lot of movement Of placements A lot of people are in displacement because of the inundations And we have inundations in the areas that are in the plains and in the depressions We must also shoot, and we have already shot a plan Of management of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear agents We have a national communication mechanism In a crisis situation I must inform the participants of this international dialogue on immigration Since 2015, Burundi has known extreme meteorological successive events That have caused strong precipitations And these precipitations have caused a lot of displacement of people And we have known the phenomenon El Nino We have known what we have called the Pearl of the Indian Ocean And we have also known a methodological phenomenon called Madele Juliana Ocean These three phenomena, as I said earlier, have caused a lot of movement Of people following the precipitations that have caused us Between 2018 and 2020, we have known more than 200,000 people who were in displacement And we have figures that are given by the following tool of the displacement of the population That we call DTM And it is OEM that has started to use us We thank the IEM to have introduced Burundi in 2015 This DTM tool that has helped us to know the people in movement Because in 2015, Burundi has known a crisis situation That was linked to a social problem, to a political social problem And until today, we continue to use this tool Allow me, Madam President, to make a brief intervention On the aspects of capacity enforcement that the government has done The government has done capacity enforcement On the institutions, the structure of the risk-scratch addiction In view of the deaths, the movement of the population So, with OEM, we are developing a risk-scratch addiction And OEM has identified and chosen the Idom and Rambol consortium And this consortium is helping us to have a risk-scratch addiction And it will allow us to better know the risks of the catastrophe Which we face And this tool will be based on the assembly of the national territory And the users of this tool will be trained on the content of the cartography And that way, we will be initiated and we will better understand how to use it And this tool is extremely important The movement that we have in Burundi is linked to climate change at more than 85% This is why in order to reduce the movement of the population, we need to reduce the causes Which are the effects of the catastrophe, natural and climate change So, in this case of capacity enforcement, we have developed training actions And training is large and intensive And consequently, at least available, we give equipment to our costs To the structure of the risk-scratch addiction in Burundi We are promoting food self-sufficiency We are gathering people in associations and the impact is visible Now even the government has determined the price per kilo of corn Because the production of corn in Burundi for this period is accidental Because of this approach to create associations And that people evolve in association and this is a good approach And this will allow the community to have food self-sufficiency We have initiated the integration of the risk-scratch addiction And of the climate change adaptation in the planning programs of sustainable development This is why we have in the plan of national development 2018-2018-2018-2017 Which takes into account the risk-scratch addiction and also the adaptation to climate change We are developing a mechanism behind the risk-scratch addiction And we need this aspect in a customer-like manner We have put in place a national team of collections, treatments and decisions To give to the catastrophes to be able to better manage the catastrophes to come And we take into account, every time we deal with the risk-scratch addiction We deal with the transversal themes Like human rights, like the people and the other vulnerable groups As well as the minimum risk management of sexual and reproductive health And we will put in place a national committee that is responsible for the minimum risk management of sexual and reproductive health We have developed the risk culture through the integration of the risk-scratch addiction In the school training programs This is a approach that we are starting to initiate And at the University of Bruni, we already have a master's degree in the risk-scratch addiction And in other training programs, we have already integrated training courses related to the risk-scratch addiction And we will continue this aspect We also do the promotion of communication, which is extremely important for the risk-scratch addiction This is how we have a national network of communication and training to reduce the risk-scratch addiction We recognize the challenge in the field of research We are very much behind in the scientific research to have a point technology But as we have what we need, we hope that we will be able to do it We also do the promotion of group and sector, the national platform that gives new group and sector And these group and sector are led by the ministry structures, ministry departments And the funds are insured by the United Nations agencies Which have a specific mandate for each group and sector We want to integrate in a visible way the private sector, the religious confession and the civil society We have at this level, in challenge, the banks and the society of assurances have not yet addressed this approach But we will continue to approach them so that they also integrate them with the theme of the risk-scratch addiction In what they do To finish, I must also say that we are in a vast program of mobilization, of investment for the risk-scratch addiction So last year, the government of Burundi created a national fund for the risk-scratch addiction But it remains today to feed its funds Because today we use the funds that we have through partnerships Through these partnerships, we have projects These projects that we have, we have a project for the risk-scratch addiction And community resilience, as well as institutional capacity reinforcement With PNUT, with OEM, with Oxfam, with KER International, with World Vision and other organizations That's how much time we have left, it's too short I must stop here to wait for the reaction of the other panelists And I am ready to answer all the questions that will be asked Thank you, Madam President Thank you in general, and sorry because I don't speak French But it's very impressive what Burundi is doing, a very comprehensive approach And I appreciate everything you do, you have the local university involved You are integrating in schools, you're working with IOM's DTM to get the facts I am highly impressed, I know very little about Burundi But it is extremely interesting to hear all the work you're doing And I wish we had more time for every panelist to expand But with no further ado, I have three more panelists And then we open up for questions So from Colombia, we should have Madam Faray Calie Gonzalez, who is Director of Economy at the Colombian Ministry of Foreign Affairs She was previously Council of International Affairs at the Permanent Mission of Colombia To the United Nations So, por favor, si la señora está, if you are here, please take care of her Thank you Madam moderator Buenos dias, buenas tardes, buenas noches para todos Un saludo especial para todos los distinguidos panelistas que nos acompañan el día de hoy También gracias a la OIM por la invitación para poder presentar nuestra visión sobre el vínculo entre la migración El medio ambiente, el cambio climático y el nexo entre la ayuda humanitaria, el desarrollo y la paz El acuerdo de París representa un avance en reconocer que debe haber un mejor balance entre la mitigación y la adaptación al cambio climático Muchas veces quienes sufren en mayor medida los impactos del cambio climático son aquellos países, personas y comunidades que menor responsabilidad tienen en las causas de este fenómeno Por eso, la adaptación, el incremento de la resiliencia climática y la gestión del riesgo de desastres es una prioridad especialmente para países vulnerables al cambio climático como Colombia El cambio climático, la pérdida de biodiversidad y servicios ecosistémicos, la contaminación y la degradación del medio ambiente también tienen impactos diferenciados entre países y sobre diferentes segmentos de la población En nuestro Plan Nacional de Desarrollo y nuestra comunicación determinada a nivel nacional Comunicada en diciembre del 2020, nos hemos trazado una meta de contar con planes de adaptación al 100% del territorio nacional Queremos territorios y comunidades adaptadas y resilientes al clima y hemos trabajado para que las soluciones al cambio climático provengan de las mismas comunidades Sin duda, uno de los mayores retos que tenemos es el de capacidades, tecnología y financiamiento para la adaptación La adaptación y la gestión del riesgo requieren inversiones cuantiosas en infraestructura resiliente al clima, en tecnología para la agricultura y los sistemas alimentarios, entre otras necesidades Por esto, creemos que la cooperación internacional es clave Confiamos en que podamos llegar a acuerdos ambiciosos sobre estas materias en la COP26 Muchísimas gracias. Thank you very much. I think Colombia has done a lot of interesting work as well. I've been asked now by the interpreters if we can speak a bit slower to ensure that they can follow the discussion There's a lot of things we want to get out and there's a lot of people on the Q&A that want to open So I will just launch and we have two more speakers So first it's Mr Andrew Harper, special advisor on climate action from UNHCR Who will talk about UNHCR's perspective on HTPN and how they work with their strategic framework for climate action So Mr Harper, if you're online, over to you Okay, thank you very much Angelica and thank you And then remember to speak rather slowly, sorry Okay, thanks Angelica and thanks IOM and thank you to all the participants I don't think I need to stress the challenges that the world is facing in relation to climate change And the evidence that exists in order to help us have a much more informed Position on steps that we all need to take in order to provide the necessary dignity And in order to empower those people who are very much on the front lines of the climate emergency However, I don't think it's sufficient for any of us just to look at the current situation And I would say that we're still not investing sufficiently in supporting adaptation and prevention There's still a lot of talk about it but as our friends, whether they be in the Philippines Or Indonesia or Burundi or Columbia can attest It's the people on the ground that we need to give them an option We need to give them an option that they don't have to move in order to find a future We have been working very closely with IOM and I'd like to particularly pay credit to Dina and her crew On the climate team there who have been very inclusive Particularly in relation to how UNHCR and IOM have been working to address that very close Link between people being forced to move and people choosing to move And one of the key elements that we're increasingly seeing across the world is that Trying to identify and to attribute the reason why people are moving is becoming increasingly fraught And this is why it is important that agencies such as IOM and UNHCR and others Continue to work very closely together And for those governments who are also on this session today Whether they be donors or hosting states I think some of the examples of where UNHCR and IOM working together can provide best practice Because it's not only due to migration or to conflict that people are moving We also need to also take into account some of the other mega trends Whether that be urbanisation, whether it be changes in livelihood Whether it be looking at massive population growth in certain countries Including in Africa We're not going to be able to change the dynamics People are going to move The increase in global temperatures are going to continue to increase And so we're going to have to adapt What UNHCR is particularly trying to do and working again with world leaders World leaders in particularly in trying to anticipate the future And looking at the impact of climate Is to see how we can identify where vulnerable groups exist at the moment But where groups will be forced to move in the future Because where those vulnerabilities are enhanced Where those underlying grievances are not addressed Then conflict will potentially break out And so we're trying to move from very much a reactive approach to a proactive approach And looking to work with key stakeholders, governments Both the hosting governments as well as development actors To see whether we can limit and mitigate conflict before it starts And again this is something which is much bigger than just one agency or one system But we know what's going to be happening And so we need to be better prepared So I would just like to again keep this relatively short Because I know there's been a lot going on already But to applaud IOM on its collaborative approach And the need for us to be focusing more on people Where they are at the moment before they're forced to move And I would also recognize the work of the special repertoire and IDPs By saying that people are displaced internally before they cross the border And it's up to us to determine whether we can provide the necessary assistance and protection Where people are before they are forced to move further afield So what the future holds is largely up to us to determine Over, thank you Thank you very much Mr Harper I truly believe that it's only as a one UN we can actually work together And I appreciate your intervention especially much here The last speaker and not the least is Mr Ignacio Packer The Executive Director from the International Council of Voluntary Agencies He's going to highlight different issues around climate change and the humanitarian action I think if you're online with no further ado I will hand over to you and then we will open for questions and answers Thank you very much Mrs Angelica Roman I'm really happy to be back on the IDM And really pleased to be able to speak on this panel after Six really very interesting contributions from Burundi From Indonesia, from Colombia, well documented The Special Envoy for Migration from the Netherlands Cecilia of course the Special Rapporteur on Human Rights For Internally Dispaced Persons And then now following Andrew from UNHCR I would cut short on some of the elements I was going to say And focus very much on And very very focused on the Nexus perspective If nothing can bring me into a number of other directions First I would like to say that IGVA being the Diverse Global Network of Humanitarian NGOs So the operational footprint of the members is approximately 20 billion dollars But it's the diversity which is also a strong added value Including for the discussions around policy at national, regional and global level We just had our 18th General Assembly last week And we have stepped up the commitments and ambitions To meet the humanitarian protection challenges Already being amplified by the climate and environmental emergency And also to mitigate and prepare for those to come So we have an IGVA 2030 strategy adopted last week By the General Assembly which presents transformations Of which addressing the impact of climate change on humanitarian action is one of them So the perspective of transformations in of course the way we operate And the IGVA General Assembly also adopted commitments And a motion to action on environment, climate and humanitarian action Which includes the IGVA network signing on the climate and environment charter For humanitarian organizations Now just before joining the IDM I moderated the closing panel of IGVA's annual conference Which this year was on climate environment and humanitarian action So what I would share with you here Also comes from some of the discussions that we have had around in the annual conference On the collaboration or the collaborative action among member states, donors, multilateral organizations And the need to work across humanitarian development, peace, climate, nexus And the five points that I would be looking at are on collective action On the focus on challenging environments, on locally led adaptation, on investments And then one on prevention that I will make shorter but I would insist on it And I hope for the interpreters that have a really long day and a difficult task That I am speaking slow enough but at the same time knowing that I have to go fast So on the collective action, we need to work together to strengthen our response From developing our knowledge and practice to influencing others So they contribute to strengthen climate action in fragile and conflict affected places We must address the humanitarian development and climate silos And human needs and aspirations are not categorized in these silos People must be at the center of everything, everything we do And we must focus on meeting the needs, rights and aspirations of people Systems must be adapted to them and not the other way round The second point is the focus on challenging environments There has been work to date to bring together humanitarian and development actors to agree on collective outcomes And we need now to agree on collective outcomes on climate resilience as a core part of the nexus approaches And that has started in the Sahel, for instance, Sahel regions, severely impacted by land degradation, water scarcity and climate change Where we see coordinated support for disaster preparedness and resilience across development and humanitarian funding In an ideal world, the combined efforts of humanitarian development and peace actors In any given location which results in a comprehensive response that meets the immediate and long-term needs of individuals, communities and societies In practice, the limited tolerance for risk of development actors often prevents them from fully engaging in areas most affected by armed conflicts And climate risks and environmental degradation can further fuel inter-communal tensions and violence and shape dynamics of violence The gap between the ideal world and what is in practice has led humanitarian organizations to engage in long-term programming to strengthen resilience Notably through livelihood support and water and sanitation activities And there are limits to the abilities of humanitarians to compensate for the comprehensive development that provides solid avenue for climate adaptation There are places where humanitarians work where instability and fragility do not allow inclusive development efforts Activities necessary to facilitate people's adaptation often beyond the scope of the capacities of humanitarian actors We need to find ways collectively to ensure that gradual steps are taken to help reduce people's vulnerability Even in highly challenging environments, otherwise people would be left with no option but to move The impacts of climate change are disproportionately experienced by people in vulnerable situations There has been mentioned before and just want to insist of how it is important to look at those with the greatest need of protection The internally displaced people, the refugees, the migrants in vulnerable situations, stateless persons, including women and children Older persons, people with disabilities, LGBTQI plus people, indigenous peoples The third point on locally led adaptation, we must address the past failures of inadequate humanitarian development investment in the communities Principal partnerships among the local and international actors has to be in the forefront The leadership, knowledge and capacities of the communities, local organizations and local authorities are to be generally respected and further empowered More resources have to be directed to the communities at the local level, on community systems, on community infrastructure, whereby people can truly own the initiatives This includes lifesaving anticipatory action before a shock based on forecasts and risk analysis We know this reduces the impacts of a disaster and reduces the humanitarian needs Early May, a communique issued by the G7 said it welcomes the principles for locally led adaptation In reference to principles for locally led adaptation developed to help ensure that local communities are empowered to lead sustainable and effective adaptation to climate change at the local level The United Kingdom and Irish governments, among some of the governments, leading global institutions and local and international NGOs have already endorsed these principles and are advocating their endorsement by others This is encouraging, but of course what counts is actions Rapidly on investments, strengthening responses requires addressing critical gaps in climate finance For now, despite the clear vulnerability of conflict affected communities, they are neglected by climate finance The International Institute for Environment and Development Research indicates that less than 10% of global climate finance is dedicated to local action It's even rarer for investment reaching the local level to be locally led Stronger investment in climate adaptation through longer term, more systematic support to local actors to help strengthen resilience in fragile and conflict affected countries And making it very short for prevention We of course call for rebalancing our efforts to focus more on measures that can be taken to limit people's exposure and strengthening their resilience to risks while continue to respond to emergency needs This includes promoting the rules of IHL protecting the natural environment without which human life is impossible These are key elements that have just come out from different organizations, different speakers from our discussions at our annual conference And with this I wish to thank IOM for the cooperation with civil society organizations on a broad range of migration issues at global, regional, national and local levels To Dina and the climate team I express my appreciation for IOM's engagement for sustained and mutually beneficial interaction with IGVA and its members that builds on synergies in policy and operational areas of migration for the benefit of all Thank you Thank you very much. We do appreciate and I think all of the panelists have touched upon the importance of putting people at the center and work coordinated as the HDPN nexus approach actually advocates We have now reached the end of the panel and we have a lot of people who want to intervene but we're going to start with a person from Venezuela followed by Canada So Mr Antonio Morillo, general director for multilateral affairs, if you're online please take the floor now Now I have the Canadian speaker whose name I lost here, sorry It's right on the screen Angelica Tim Kilberg it is, right? Yes that's it, you got it, thanks so much Sorry about that No problem Angelica, thanks Well I'm just delighted to be here and I wanted to thank you for this amazing conference I've been following over the last couple days As you know Canada is an active member of the IOM so we're really really delighted that you've been at the forefront of the global response to climate induced displacement and climate migration We also value the efforts of other international partners, the United Nations Refugee Agency and the platform for disaster displacement and looking at these topics with such concern and such integrity Canada is a strong supporter of the global compact for migration, we're a champion country So we really appreciate the efforts of the UN Network on Migration to ensure that climate migration will be an area of focus at the forum next year, the International Migration Review Forum Thank you to all of you for your hard work, I won't talk about Canada too much, we don't have much time, we're already running over time so I'll stop there But just a big thank you to everyone who's working so hard on this project and I've really enjoyed all the interventions today, thank you so much Thank you very much and we appreciate the support that Canada has always given us And I'm going to hand over to Dershan now because he has read who is on the list to speak, are you there Dershan? Yes, I'm here, basically we have three more attended actually ask for the floor, we have Madagascar followed by Philippines followed by Russian Federation First I think we need to give the floor to present it with Madagascar, Lanto Rakhajerezifi if I pronounce properly the family name, please go ahead Hello everyone, thank you for the panelists for this excellent presentation Madagascar, the old migratory movements, remote and complex, still have a lot of impact on the environment They were not used to the effects of climate change In the last few years, an increase in urban and rural areas of the West and Northwest has been observed The elevation of the sea level, the coastal erosion, the drought, the desertification and salinization, the degradation of the land and forests and the fertility of the soil, the floods caused by the cyclones are the main causes of these floods If the degradation of the environment and natural disasters can cause migration The movement of the population can also have significant effects on the local environment and the ecosystem Indeed, in Madagascar, the populations move from the South to the most humid areas, allowing access to water to the forests, to agricultural lands, favoring the agriculture on Goulis and the irrigated farming This movement contributes to the development of new profitable economic fields and to the construction of important works But studies highlight that economic activities are massively affected by the environment, especially the forests, and will have an impact on climate change On the other hand, the important increase in the spread and internal migration in the land is a complementary effect for the sustainable and inclusive development of Madagascar and is also a threat to peace and social cohesion The French occupation does not favor the social conflicts and ethnic tensions appear following the difficulties of cohabitation and interaction between the cultures and practices of new arrivals and those of high communities The regions where the migration takes place are also linked to the regions where it transits, where it is installed Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions on places to be placed by the government in Madagascar to limit the spread of the virus, we have assisted in a quasi-absence of migratory flow in 2020 The restriction of movement towards the end of 2020 and towards the beginning of 2021 has led to massive movement of the southern population affected by drought and famine towards the north and the urban centers of the country Although the government has taken measures to assist and accompany migrants in destination locations this massive wave of movement has been a consequence of the social plan especially in terms of access to care, education and basic services According to the migration issues on the development of the country the Malacasi government has put in place an internal migration service in December 2020 with the support of the IEM and the PNUT It will allow the production and distribution of Madagascar abroad Research on migration for the development and development of knowledge on the subject and its numerous ramifications This is the first stage of research on the subject and the first platform of reference, exchange and reinforcement of capacity on the internal migration phenomenon in Madagascar These research will allow to contribute to the reinforcement of the capacity of authorities and other related actors in order to better take into account the migration in the development of policies at the national and regional level Although there are still no migratory and national policies Madagascar remains very committed in favor of a better government on the migration at the national and regional level Thank you Firstly, I'd like to greet everyone Good evening and I'd like also to take the panelists for sharing insightful ideas on the topics and of course this event is very timely and considering the urgent international discourse dissecting the interrelational and nexus between three interrelational issues that is climate change environmental degradation and their impacts on migration As such, in the Philippines we believe that we should focus on the use of applicable management framework that places the elements in the right places not forcing them to come together in a contrived nexus approach In this case, we are dealing with defined elements that fall into the following categories Drivers that generate the risk, the impact generators and the impact recipients To trace the risk resources all the way to manifested impacts, this risk management framework is of utmost importance because it does not only generate predictability in terms of the interactions of the various phenomena involved in this discourse but it can systematically thin down responses from countries in a more predictable manner not to mention cost efficiency and cost effectiveness So in this session we track the humanitarian development and peace issues vis-a-vis climate change environment and human-centric phenomenon like migration and depending on how it fully manifests can be a negative or positive indicator of how the attendent risks are handled As we have consistently indicated, climate change and environmental degradation are physical drivers which generate risk that can translate to impacts which may be translate intermediate or more permanent and long-lasting A humanitarian situation is normally the result of an administrative risk hence the materialization of impacts in the nature of a disaster A peace outcome is also a result normally transitioning from a conflict situation catalyzed by either physical or socioeconomic drivers to one of lasting peace and development or the generation again into a humanitarian crisis and or and development It is quite unclear therefore that physical drivers can catalyze socioeconomic outcomes which may be positive or negative depending on how the coronary risk are managed but then again the drivers can also be triggered by human actions We would like to recreate our strong recommendation to apply a systematic risk management framework in the management of this physical and socioeconomic risk threatening our countries today We are further recommending the take up of the probabilistic risk assessment the result of which will underline our anticipatory adaptation and sustainable development aspiration towards lasting peace and avoiding temporary or permanent migration of affected population On the issue of capacity building which we think is key to the efficient implementation of effective risk management actions we strongly recommend development of knowledge and competencies of all players on the conceptual notion as well as the practical applications of the risk management approach It is important that everyone involved in the comprehensive process level on the basis as well the use of more innovative risk management approaches which will certainly need to evolve over time considering also the changing nature of the hazards and their attendant risk Madam Chair we'd like to thank you for this opportunity for giving the Philippines the shared thinking on these issues Thank you Then I would like to hand floor back to our moderator Angelica to have the closing remarks Thank you Thank you very much I think we have a few minutes left so every panelist if they want can give one last comment For me it's been a pleasure to sit through this and learn a lot from all of you but I will start with Mr Clarembeck Would you like to have some last words? Well sure thank you very much Angelica and thank you very much everyone for participating in this discussion For me the key message that I would like to repeat again is that climate change is a huge challenge a huge risk in many ways but climate adaptation can also be an opportunity, an opportunity to rebuild If we do that in the proper way by focusing on learning, by involving local lecturers and by listening to women and youth and asking what they need We can help build livelihoods, build resilience and doing that also work on one of the key drivers and the key root causes of forced migration and displacement Thank you very much Thank you very much, I like you know it's an opportunity, it's something positive Ms Vendaniches, I can't grata, I can't pronounce your last name Would you like to give a few words? Thank you Angelica, please don't worry about my last name, it is also difficult for many Indonesians So just thank everyone for a very enlightening presentation I just want to reiterate some of my point Of course the first on the need to enhance domestic capabilities both legal framework, institutional building, also ensuring educated resources at the national and local level to improve our effort to address the for example climate induced regular movement of people And second it's also important to build a regional approach that is tailor made to the situation of each respective region And of course the importance of multilateral governance framework to assist in identifying gaps and missing link And of course I would like again to raise the importance of uphold and observe the principle of burdens and responsibilities sharing So it's not just becoming another rhetoric I also would like to support a point made by the UNS SR on IDP, Ms Jimenez Damari On the importance of having a human rights center approach on migration Now we already have tools to build such a approach at the national, regional and international level For example the convention on the right of migrant workers and members of their family A lot of people forgot we have this convention So it is therefore important for us to promote universal ratification of this convention Another point is as a fellow archipelagic nation I would like, I think it's important to reiterate concern being raised by the prime minister of Fiji yesterday That we need to pay more attention on refugee coming from small island state Who's not only existent culture but also its sovereignty in jeopardize because, in jeopardy because of climate change And most of our discussion on climate change induce migration still very much focus on movement on land So I think it's important we take issue on this maritime aspect of migration And facing the challenge on climate change including its migration impact I think we should think this as a part of one planet rather as an individual country It's a work for everyone Thank you very much I do agree we have one planet and one humanity So UN special repeater Ms. Cecilia Jimenez-Damare You've already said so many good and profound words but I'm giving you the floor again Okay well thanks again for this opportunity I just would like to reiterate by my message that addressing the internal displacement and migration The context of climate change requires a holistic approach to the complexities and multi causality of human mobility in this context Requires individual and joint action but also it requires participation of the IDPs and the communities themselves And so that's my first message again But secondly also to ensure that when we include internally displaced persons In decision and have them participate in decisions affecting them we're also very clear about the specific needs and vulnerabilities of these groups But in any case to ensure that they are not only regarded as vulnerable but actually as agents of change And last but not the least of course in all these as a matter of normative principles we naturally adopt a human rights-based approach Thank you so much Thank you so much we do agree with everything you say And now I am once again impressed by General Nibaruto's efforts in Burundi And I wish I could speak better French but please, General, over to you Thank you very much Madam President to give me the floor I have a short message and I must be brief My first key message concerns the development of a TEPRECOS system It is to reduce the number of displaced persons following climate change The TEPRECOS system allows the communities to be warned about the risks that are seen The second message concerns the development of the risk culture The development of the risk culture will be offered through training sessions, training sessions and training sessions And this way the communities will be prepared to respond to the urgent needs This will allow them to strengthen the resilience of these communities in the face of the catastrophe And the community resilience is heard as a bridge between the humanitarian domain and the development domain My last key message concerns communication Communication is extremely important in the field of the management of the risks of the catastrophe We need to be able to respond to the urgent needs We need to strengthen the capacity of the communication So that people can understand what is happening before, during and after an urgent situation Thank you Madam Thank you very much Mr Andrew Harper had to leave for another session So I'm now handing over to Gnassio if you are ready to take the floor Yes for sure, thank you very much So in addition to the five key messages I would bring another one perhaps just to say that We have to turn some of the things in a more positive aspect Climate action is good for peace And I think that also has to be brought into the way our narrative but also the way we work within the communities And we must certainly redouble our efforts in reducing the needs Building back better has to be more ambitious, it has to be reducing the needs Thank you Thank you all of you, I think we've had amazing two hours I wish we had longer because these are huge issues But I think we're all agreeing that there are opportunities to building back better There are opportunities, there are solutions We are there, we can work together with an holistic approach Coordinating using a humanitarian development and peace approach to enhance climate mitigation and adaptation Including everyone in this process and have a participatory I think there's enough work for all of us so we don't have to fight about that There will be a report from this event and I think it's also recorded so we can look at it again I think we're a little bit over time but I would like to thank everyone who has organized the event And everyone attending and I wish we had more time, as I said, this is a huge issue And we will continue working on it IOM is very very dedicated to work across the humanitarian development peace nexus And to assist all of you in this endeavor Deshan, would you like to have a last word before we close this session Angelica, I just actually first wish to thank you for a brilliant moderation I would like to thank you for the all panelists and all participants that take the floor from the floor And I would like to welcome you for also tomorrow starting from 9 a.m. New York time or 3 p.m. Geneva time See you tomorrow, thank you Thank you everyone and have a good rest of the day


Unlike a lot of the companies in the dating industry, we don't teach techniques per se in the sense that we don't teach a scripted ABC method to achieve results with women. Because in my opinion, seduction and dating is not linear, it's actually very flexible and spontaneous and should be so. So instead what we've done is we've backwards engineered the principles that men who are naturally gifted with women have. And I have nailed those down to five major principles and these are the basis for everything that I teach. These are the ability first and foremost to have awareness, internal awareness to understand your own emotional state, your thinking processes, the way your physiology and your emotions and your thoughts interact and then to have external awareness of what's going on around you in terms of the environment and most importantly the girl that you're speaking with. Because it is actually the woman that will teach you how to seduce her through her responses to your advances. From there we move on to the concept of intent which is how you project and assert your own desires. Because a lot of men have a lot of shame, guilt and fear about the fact that they are sexual beings and therefore they actually censor themselves which is a very unattractive thing to women when they're being approached because the women can see immediately that they kind of want them but they're scared to show that. From there we move on to the other core principles. From this I've developed some very unique coaching programs that allow guys to have very concrete principles to play with.  We do certainly have a strategy and a step by step methodology but at the same time it's very flexible to the person, the individual and how they want to express that.


Cardboard Eric, great to see you. Hey, I like the blue shirt, very fashionable.  You don't seem to age at all. Remember I was telling you the other day about how exciting 2023 was gonna be? Hey, hello my cardboard clone, great to see ya. Happy 2023, this is the year. This is the big year for genomics. Yeah, that's right. The 20th anniversary of the completion of the Human Genome Project, which means it's also the 20th anniversary of National DNA Day.  The only problem is actually you're my only best friend.  What do you think? Okay, I should warn you that I am really good at DNA origami. They don't call me the DNA origami bench for nothing. In fact, just this morning, it took me only 20 seconds to put together this DNA origami using the available online instruction. Yes, you are a cardboard cutout of many words, aren't you? Well, let's race. Take your mark, get set, replicate. Come on, come on. I did it. I got one. At least I wasn't shut out, okay? I got my one, I'm good. Well played, my cardboard friend.


Hi everyone, I'm Nancy Newman and this is Nets Post Game Plus. On Friday, the Nets ended a three-game road trip with a visit to the Pistons, a hard-fought matchup right from the start. James Harden led the way with 44 points and Brooklyn held off Detroit, winning for the 17th time in 20 games. Final score, Nets 113, Pistons 111. Five technical fouls were handed out, including one to Blake Griffin early in the second quarter when he exchanged contact with Isaiah Stewart, who received a flagrant two foul and was ejected. Griffin scored 17 points in his first game against the Pistons since they bought him out. And afterwards, our Michael Grady started his post game interview with Blake by asking how he was feeling after a black and blue win. I feel great. It's a tough road trip that we had. We said before the game, all that matters is the win. It was unbelievable. Guys just stepped up and made big shots. I'm just happy to be a part of it. This is your third game with the team. How have you been finding your comfort zone on this roster in the early goal? I mean, every game it gets a little bit better. With the schedule being the way it is, we don't really get a chance to practice. So my first game, I was kind of out there not having really practiced.  So hopefully I can continue that. A lot of activity in this game, a lot of barking in this game. How did it feel going against some new guys on that Pistons roster? But facing your former team, how did that feel? That's always good, man. I got a lot of love for the players over there. They play hard. We knew it was going to be a dogfight. So proud of them, but proud of our guys for coming in here and getting the win. Brooklyn will return to action on Monday with a home game against Minnesota. 7 o'clock is the start time for our coverage which you can stream live on the New Yes app available wherever you download your apps. I'm Nancy Newman. Thanks for joining us on Nets Post Game Plus.


Where did the virus that changed the world come from? For a long time, the prevailing theory was that wild animals like bats sold at a wet market in Wuhan, China had started the outbreak. One of the first scientists to question this narrative was Botao Zhao, who on February 6th distributed a paper arguing that the killer coronavirus probably originated from a laboratory in Wuhan. The author pointed out that there was no evidence that the vendors at the wet market in Wuhan sold bat meat. On the other hand, there were two research labs studying bat-borne coronaviruses located in Wuhan, where a virus could have accidentally infected workers, causing them to spread the disease to the general public. Botao Zhao withdrew the paper two weeks later, after Chinese authorities declared that the lab leak theory had no merit. China is being accused of censoring critical data about the coronavirus. The renowned law professor at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Xu Jiangrun, is known to be missing after publicly condemning Chinese President Xi Jinping for failing to contain the spread of the virus at an early stage. The Chinese government proceeded to clamp down on research into the virus's origins. New regulations restricting the publication of research about coronavirus. Any paper that traces the origin of the virus should be strictly managed. To this day, the Chinese government won't allow outside researchers to test blood drawn from employees of the Wuhan lab, who may have been among the first humans infected with COVID in November of 2019. According to the official record, they were hospitalized with a pneumonia-like disease. There's no proof that the virus originated from a lab, but there's also no proof that humans first became infected by eating bat or exposure to pangolins, a theory that was treated as unimpeachable fact early in the pandemic. A group of scientists signed a statement published in the Lancet denouncing speculation about non-natural origins of the virus as conspiracy theories. Only after some emails became public, did it become clear that the scientists who brought his colleagues together to co-sign the Lancet statement was Peter Dajak, head of the EcoHealth Alliance, the non-profit that secured U.S. government funding for controversial research on bat-borne coronaviruses at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Dajak also co-authored a June 2020 op-ed in The Guardian, headlined Ignore the Conspiracy Theories. Scientists know COVID-19 wasn't created in the lab, without disclosing a potential conflict of interest. Media coverage following the publication of the Lancet letter overwhelmingly framed discussion of the lab leak hypothesis as conspiracy theory. That episode does not reflect well on scientists. Science writer Matt Ridley says that Anthony Fauci's private emails, which were made public through a Freedom of Information Act request, show that behind the scenes scientists were taking the lab leak theory seriously all along. A number of leading virologists were talking to each other and were saying to each other, we think this might look a bit like a virus that's been engineered in the laboratory. And then they all got on a phone call with Anthony Fauci. And at the end of that phone call, they all did a very rapid vault fast and started writing articles almost immediately. And in the case of Peter Dazak, the fact that he had orchestrated the letter was not at all clear until emails were leaked does raise very serious concerns that Dr. Dazak needs to answer. I've tried to correspond with him numerous times. I've never yet had a response. Dajak also didn't reply to Reason's interview request. Ridley has co-authored Virol, a new book about the ongoing hunt for the origins of the coronavirus. His writing partner is Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard scientist Alina Chan, one of the earliest and most outspoken public skeptics of the natural origin hypothesis. She says that when she and her colleagues published a preprint questioning the consensus that she hadn't been aware of the Lancet letter organized by Dajak, but that she believes it could have had a major chilling effect on the scientific discussion in those early days. So they're saying that anyone who's saying that this virus didn't come from nature is a conspiracy theorist. People when they read this letter they might have thought, then I'm not going to put my neck out there to say that this might have come from a lab. Chan, a molecular biologist, argued in the paper that because SARS-CoV-2 was so well adapted to humans, there was reason to be skeptical that it had recently come from an animal. If it had recently come from bats or pangolins, she would have expected the virus to have been rapidly mutating in the early days of the pandemic to become better adapted to human tissue. For me, the light bulb moment was when I read in the news that the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 appeared genetically stable. Chan credits this insight partially to her experience living through the SARS outbreak of 2003, which she lived through in Singapore. In that situation, in that outbreak, the virus had rapidly picked up dozens of mutations in the early three months of the outbreak. In comparison for SARS-CoV-2, there were few of these mutations, so it suggested to me that this virus had already picked up many useful mutations for infecting and transmitting amongst humans prior to its detection in December 2019. Another major difference is that during the 2003 outbreak, authorities discovered previous SARS infections among animals being sold at markets in South China within a couple of months. That's not the case with SARS-CoV-2, despite initial suspicions that a seafood market was to blame. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, even though the first cluster of cases identified was at a seafood market, they never found any signs of animals that were infected by this virus. So up till today, there's no sign of an animal that was ever infected by SARS-CoV-2 and then gave it to humans. When the World Health Organization sent a team to investigate the virus's origins in January 2021, EcoHealth Alliance's DAJAC was the only American member included. The team dismissed the lab leak hypothesis before WHO leadership later backtracked. The findings suggest that the laboratory incident hypothesis is extremely unlikely and to explain the introduction of the virus into the human population and therefore is not a hypothesis that will suggest, that will implies to suggest future studies. DAJAC granted an interview to 60 minutes following that trip to Wuhan and suggested that farm animals were the likely culprit. But there's no direct evidence that any of those animals were actually infected with the bat virus. Correct. Now what we've got to do is go to those farms and investigate, talk to the farmers, talk to their relatives, test them, see if there were spikes in virus there first. So the team doesn't actually know if any of the farmers or the truckers were ever infected. No one knows you. No one's been there, no one's asked them, no one's tested them. That's to be done. There's a detail that emerged after the 60 minutes report that Ridley would like DAJAC to explain. Recently leaked documents show that EcoHealth Alliance applied for a research grant related to inserting what's called a furan cleavage site into SARS-like coronaviruses. This very furan cleavage site makes SARS-CoV-2 highly infectious in humans and it's what distinguishes it from any SARS-like coronaviruses yet found in the wild. The grant request was rejected, but did the Wuhan laboratory engage in this research even without funding from that grant? DAJAC may be able to help answer that question. The fact that that is probably the feature that makes the virus sufficiently infectious to start a pandemic means that it is a highly important thing. So you would think that a scientist who knew that he had put in a grant application in 2018 to put furan cleavage sites into SARS-like viruses and admittedly been turned down at the Wuhan Institute of Virology would volunteer that information early in the pandemic so as to help us understand this new virus and understand where it might have come from. Ridley and Chan also find it suspicious that when China's premier bat coronavirus expert and DAJAC's collaborator in Wuhan published her complete analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, she neglected to mention this highly unusual furan cleavage site. But DAJAC told 60 Minutes that the WHO did look into the lab lake theory. You're just taking their word for it. Well what else can we do? There's a limit to what you can do and we went right up to that limit. We asked them tough questions. They weren't vetted in advance and the answers they gave we found to be believable, correct, and convincing. But weren't the Chinese engaged in a cover-up? They destroyed evidence. They punished scientists who were trying to give evidence on this very question of the origin. Well that wasn't our task to find out if China had covered up. It was the behavior of someone who was trying to ensure that one message got out and not another which is fine if you're a politician or you know some kind of opinionated person and scientists should be allowed their own opinion. But it's not fine if you are being asked to be part of an objective international investigation with privileged access. After the 60 Minutes interview, leaked documents showed that EcoHealth Alliance worked with the Wuhan Institute of Virology to make several bat-borne SARS-like coronaviruses and even MERS more infectious to human cells. Chan and Ridley say that when they started writing the book, they didn't have a strong view about which theory was correct. But these recent revelations have shifted their thinking in favor of the lab leak theory. In light of grant proposals and reports released within the past few months, Chan wrote on Twitter, we know novel SARS-like viruses were being synthesized and engineered at unprecedented scale. That changed my mind completely. So knowing that there actually was a plan, a pipeline, a protocol for doing this work in 2018. So now for me genetic engineering is very much on the table. It's not just a one out of 10,000 chance that this might have happened if it came from a lab close to 50-50 percent chance that it happened. This question was at the center of a heated exchange between Anthony Fauci and Senator Rand Paul over possible NIH funding of so-called gain of function research, which involves purposely making a virus more infectious to humans. Making animal virus and you increase the transmissibility to humans, you're saying that's not gain of function. That is correct. And Senator Paul, you do not know what you are talking about, quite frankly. And I want to say that officially. There will be responsibility for those who funded the lab, including yourself. I totally resent the lie that you are now propagating, Senator, because if you look at the viruses that were used in the experiments, that were given in the annual reports that were published in the literature, it is molecularly impossible. No one's saying those virus caused it. No one is pledging that those virus caused the pandemic. What we're alleging is the gain of function research was going on in that lab and NIH funded it. Get away from it. It meets your definition and you are obfuscating the truth. But much of the blame for the devastating scope of the pandemics as Ridley rests on Chinese authorities who punished ophthalmologist Li Wenlang, who tried to get the word out about the emergence of a new SARS-like virus. The government successfully kept human-to-human transmission of the disease under wraps for weeks, maybe longer. Why was there such angst and secrecy even at the hyper-local level from the very beginning? Communist regimes tend to be secretive. There tends to be an assumption that you don't talk about things unless you're allowed to, rather than the other way around. But Xi Jinping is a much more dictatorial and authoritarian ruler than his media predecessors. And by 2019, it was more and more the case that scientists in laboratories and doctors in hospitals were under orders not to communicate with the outside world about things that the regime might not want them to. Very significant attempts to punish and suppress the release of information about the epidemic that was developing in Wuhan. Did that play a part in the epidemic escaping and getting to the rest of the world? And turning into a pandemic, you bet it did. If on the 27th, 28th of December, when alarm bells were beginning to ring in hospitals in Wuhan, the Chinese authorities had said to the world, we've got a problem in Wuhan, we're going to do our best to stop it, then we probably could have pinched this in the bud before it got out of the city of Wuhan. The Wuhan Institute of Virology houses samples of RATG-13, a bat virus that is one of the closest known genetic matches to SARS-CoV-2. But to this day, information about other coronaviruses in the Wuhan lab haven't been released, so we don't know if the lab was working with a virus that's even more closely related to SARS-CoV-2. The lab's public database of viral samples could hold some answers, but it was taken offline in February and had been modified in December, which we know because of work by DRASTIC, the dedicated research and scientific team investigating COVID-19. A decentralized group of volunteers that compile and analyze open source material and leaked documents to investigate the origins of COVID. They are the heroes of our book. Once I realized that it's being completely, it's been just created without any evidence, I just couldn't, you know, stay silent. Yuri Dagan is a biotech entrepreneur and one of the founding members of DRASTIC. It was just a group of like-minded people on Twitter who got into like really huge long threads on Twitter on some things like, where's the Smojiang mine or what is RATG-13? And at some point we just went off to a private group which was called DASTIC's Fan Club because we were all pretty much all of us were blocked by Peter Dastak at some point. A key revelation uncovered by the group was that the Wuhan Institute of Virology Database was first taken down in September 2019, three months before the pandemic became public. A description of the database was modified on December 30th, 2019, the day Dr. Xi told Chinese state television that her lab first obtained the samples of the virus in Wuhan. Wuhan scientists accessed the database a few times before it was permanently removed in February 2020 for alleged security concerns. For them to take it down is very suspicious and of course she's generally the explanation that she took it down to prevent hackers from attacking it is complete bullshit because it was a public database to begin with and what's she afraid of? A member of the DRASTIC team also discovered that the Wuhan team had collected key samples including one of the virus's closest known genetic matches from a mine where some workers had fallen sick and died after clearing out bat droppings. Chinese authorities have denied outsiders any access to examine the mine. Though there's mounting circumstantial evidence to support the lab leak theory, most government officials still maintain that the natural origin hypothesis is more likely. A US intelligence report declassified on October 29th said four intel agencies had low confidence that the virus most likely emerged in nature. One agency had moderate confidence that it leaked from a lab and analysts at three agencies remained unable to coalesce around either explanation without additional information. The report did conclude that SARS-CoV-2 was unlikely to be a biological weapon. NIH director Francis Collins who didn't reply to our interview request told computer scientist and podcast host Lex Friedman in early November that he's open to the lab leak hypothesis but still believes strongly that the virus is of natural origin. Is there a reasonable chance that COVID-19 leaked from a lab? I can't exclude that. I think it's fairly unlikely. I wish we had more ability to be able to ask questions of the Chinese government and learn more about what kind of records might have been in the lab that we've never been able to see but most likely this was a natural origin of a virus probably starting in a bat perhaps traveling through some other intermediate yet to be identified host and finding its way into humans. Between July 2020 and January 2021 an international team of scientists captured bats in Laos carrying a newly discovered coronavirus that's the closest known genetic match to SARS-CoV-2 even closer than the virus held in the Wuhan lab which some say supports the natural origin theory but Ridley Chan and Dagan point out that it lacks the crucial furan cleavage site which they suspect was inserted in a lab. Supporters of the natural origin theory point out that no smoking gun virus has yet been found in the version of the Wuhan database uncovered by Drastic but Chan points out that this version of the database is years out of date because the Wuhan researchers generally don't enter new viruses until they've had a chance to sequence and publish studies about them. The Wuhan Institute of Virology Database is still inaccessible. We only see viruses have collected up to 2016 so we have barely any concept of what viruses and sequences they might have found after 2016 in the years leading up to COVID-19 so without access to that information becomes very difficult for us to to guess whether or not they might have found the precursor of SARS-2 in the labs and we're working with it. Of course also would love to get that database or at least part of the data from the database that's been deleted and to see all the unpublished sequences. I definitely don't want to stop biotechnology. I think CRISPR gene editing is a fantastic tool for medicine for agriculture for conservation for all sorts of things. The overwhelming majority of work in this field has benefited mankind including the development of the messenger RNA vaccines that have saved millions of lives in the last year. But Ridley says that scientists should come together to set ethical guidelines that prohibit dangerous types of research such as experimenting on bat viruses to make them more infectious to human cells in large urban environments after harvesting them from caves far away from human population centers as this China produced documentary shows researchers doing some of them without proper protective gear. Going out and harvesting viruses in wild places and with pandemic potential and bringing them back to cities to work on them probably isn't very sensible it's like looking for a gas leak with a lighted match as somebody put it. So if we could get the US, the UK, Australia, Japan, other major countries to sign a treaty saying when there's an outbreak in our country we promise to open up as far as possible and tell you everything we know then the very fact that some countries won't sign that treaty will itself put pressure on them that's kind of the way the atomic energy authority international atomic energy authority evolved and I think that's what we should be looking to achieve. How optimistic or pessimistic are you that we ever will get to the truth of the matter here? I'm generally optimistic I think truth will out here it may take a long time I notice that the fall of the Soviet Union did lead to significant revelations about biological accidents there for example anthrax I think therefore it may take a change of regime in Beijing before we find out more but I think there are people who know what happened whatever it happened you know even if it's just what happened in a market there are people who know and I can't help thinking that at some point we will be able to find out who they are and ask them even in a regime as repressive and controlling as China's so I hope we do find out there are plenty of people who say it's too late we've lost the chance we'll ever find out I'm not one of them at least not yet


One way to improve a child's reading ability is to ask them questions as they're reading a book together. You can ask them questions that lead to discussion, requiring more than just yes or no answers, and they can be about things like the story, the characters, or any connections they can make with the book and their own lives. Here are a few suggestions for questions you could ask. What do you think will happen next? Which words best describe this character? Why do you think the character did this? How would you have felt if you were this character? Or... What about the story is similar to your own life? And you can come up with several of your own questions as you're reading through the book together. Asking questions while reading to a child will encourage them to be a more active reader and to think more critically about what they are reading.