Have you noticed your personality has changed over time? You might not be the same person from a year ago compared to today. Maybe you were always busy and always with a different friend group. But as time went on, maybe you started enjoying time alone more than hanging out with friends. You might be thinking you're an introvert, but you could be an extrovert who's a bit scared to put yourself back out there. Before we begin, we would like to say that there has been a huge decline in mental health around the world, which is why we are so committed to creating more content than we ever have. Thanks for being part of our journey. Here are six signs you're not an introvert, but actually a wounded extrovert. 1. You crave social interaction, but you're afraid of being hurt. When someone is an introvert, they need time alone to recharge after some sort of event or task. Imagine it's Friday, and you just had the craziest week and are done. Would you rather, A, have a fun night out with some friends, or B, have a cozy night in with your PJs and some Netflix. If you chose A, but have been having a lot of nights in lately, and hated it, you could be a wounded extrovert. Bonus points in the wounded extrovert category if you'd call up an old friend to hang out with rather than going somewhere to meet new people. If you chose B, then you're most likely an introvert. 2. You're always alone, but you feel depleted by it.  When an introvert is out with a group of people, they're dipping into their energy reserves. They need that self-care time to be able to recharge. An extrovert, however, might be able to go have lunch with a friend, but are bored by the time they get back home and invite another friend to go shopping.  3. You isolate for different reasons. An introvert might prefer to be alone because they enjoy alone time. However, a wounded extrovert might prefer to be alone not because they enjoy alone time but because they want to protect themselves to avoid getting hurt. This might be due to past trauma and a lack of trust in others due to the trauma. 4. You used to enjoy and look forward to group work and collaborations. When it comes to school or work, an introvert is typically a heads down kind of person. They don't want to work with others, they just get the job done quickly. Extroverts, on the other hand, might hang out around the proverbial water cooler quite often. If you think back and can remember a time when you used to socialize more at work or school, you may also recall a time when socializing at work or school may have gotten you in trouble or some kind of drama. If this point brings up a memory for you, it could be a sign that you're truly a wounded extrovert. 5. You used to be talkative. Got a problem? Talk it out. Need advice? Talk it out. Have a super long to-do list? Talk it out. Not only do extroverts love being around people, but they love talking to people, especially if there's some sort of disagreement or issue. This isn't just for conflict either. An extrovert is usually talkative most, if not all of the time. They may also be uncomfortable with pauses and conversations too. If this sounds like you, it could be a sign that you're not an introvert. 6. You were an extrovert as a child. When you think back to your childhood, what do you see? Do you see memories of you and others playing together outside? Playing video games together? Or were you someone who preferred to spend time alone? If you were someone who always wanted to be in a group or the person who always invited everyone over, this could be a sign that you were and still are an extrovert. But something happened that caused you to want to be alone. If this point sounds familiar to you, please reach out to a mental health professional to help explore any past events or traumas that you may have endured. Did any of these points sound like yourself? Let us know in the comments below. What kind of personality do you think you have? For more information on winded or shy extroverts, check out our 8 signs you're not an introvert, but a shy extrovert. And if you found some inside or new ideas in this video, make sure to leave a like and share it with a friend. Thanks for watching. Until next time.


If there is a war between the West and the Muslim world and this is what it is, right?  Because what happened in Israel is not a war on Palestinians Should we talk about this? It's not a war on Palestinians It's a war on Islam, okay? Because there are factions that are in Israel that want to create the greater Levant, right? They want a greater Israel in all of Levant, right?  Not as much as they want to They don't want to go there, right? But what Israel wants to do, the Alaska Mosque is huge Because there's a faction in Israel that is acquiring power now that wants to build the Temple Mount The Temple Mount, right now, from where I stand, the land The Muslims have the Alaska Mosque on top and the Jews go under the Alaska Mosque in the tunnels And that's their thing with the Temple Mount, right? This is sad, I want the Temple Mount, right? Now, the Alaska Mosque is, from where I stand, the third holiest site in all of Islam Not just for Sunni, not just for Shia, but for both, for Sunni and Shia, right? Hamas is mainly a Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Israel-supported institution, believe it or not Hezbollah in Lebanon is mainly a Syria, Lebanon, Iran-supported institution, okay? But all of them agree right now that the plan that they have to destroy the Alaska Mosque will be a full-on attack on Islam And if that happens, literally the world completely changes We're in a holy war, and this is the build-up to a holy war, by the way In the Western world, there are a lot of evangelical Christian Zionists, as well as evangelical Christians That they want to see this come about The evangelicals believe that when this holy war breaks out in the Middle East Then we will go to nuclear war, then we arm again, and we see the Second Coming of Christ The Zionists want this to happen because they want the greater Israel to be built On the former God-promised land of Israel, whatever that means And that takes parts of Syria, parts of Saudi Arabia, parts of Iraq, all of Palestine That's what the Zionists want. The hardcore Zionist Jewish, the section that believes that the Messiah will come only when The true Messiah, not Christian Jesus, but the coming of their God, whatever you want to call it The point is about brutalizing some of this mythology Will only come about, there are two of them I believe One of them believe that the Messiah will come when Israel is destroyed The other believes that the Messiah will come when the greater Israel is installed There are other factions, and I read this a long time ago, this one I'm to a certain degree leaning towards that It's always been in my mind, I don't know if I want to say I'm leaning towards that But it's always been on my mind that the true promised land to the Israelites was not Israel, but North America And the true land of Israel will be established when nuclear war comes to the Middle East When the yellow skins from the east come into the Middle East And the nuclear war will happen and the true promised land will be North America So there's a lot of different mythologies all over the place Talking about where this is all going We're calling it World War 3 There's multiple factions involved in this and there's multiple reasons why this is happening There's the economic aspect of it Where the permanent war state requires war to maintain their economies The economies of the Western world are collapsing and there's civil unrest all over the place So one way to distract the citizens of different nations where their economy is completely collapsed Is to create external conflict That way people don't go, hey, our leaders are bad, we're at war, everyone come together Which is exactly what just happened in Israel Sharon was in danger of losing power and being arrested and thrown in jail So what happens here, war breaks out Now, I don't know which side of the spectrum people lie in where they say Oh, the war in Israel, what happened with Hamas was a complete surprise Or it was actually an Israeli operation But one thing we do know that when Israel comes out and says that this is a 9-11 event I agree with them, it is a 9-11 event This 9-11 was definitely not, not, not controlled by a guy on a dialysis machine in a cave in Afghanistan With 19 Arabs that couldn't even fly a fucking kite that took planes and flew them into the World Trade Centers And the wars that were brought on for 20 years since then They were all based on lies, bullshit, propaganda, fed to the western population Up the fucking yin-yang with, believe it or not, majority of the western world Like a lot of people during that time believed the bullshit that was being fed to them After 9-11, really, I got into discussion with a lot of people So right now, people don't understand that this is a fog of war There's a complete fog of war happening here So we can't believe anything, we know now that it was completely bullshit that 40 baby heads were chopped off It was just like incubated babies in Iraq, it's like yellow cake in Iraq It's like Iran's building a nuclear weapon, they're two days away from it And all that bullshit So there's so much propaganda coming out of here How much propaganda is coming out of the Palestinian regions, Gaza regions? We don't know yet, but there is definitely some But just looking at this, you know that even Israel's come out and said it That they're bombing the flattening areas If you look at the footage, there are areas of blocks of buildings just completely flattened And if you want to know what that implies, if you want to know what that implies Apologies if I'm not reading the chat If you want to know what that implies, this is what it implies If you go and Israel telling all Gazans to, they have to leave northern Gaza and go south And Egypt said no, we can't have it come in Arab countries have said no, we're not going to accept any of the refugees Because Israel is trying to do another ethnic cleansing The way the ethnic cleansing was done in 1948 And for multiple decades after that The way the ethnic cleansing is going on in the West Bank right now So there's a multi-decade process of ethnically cleansing the region of Palestinians And it's coming to heads right now Keep in mind that atrocities are committed on both sides But one side has been committing atrocities for a little bit longer than the other side And if you just look at the numbers, the data of the number of people that have died from one side Then you get a feel for how sort of lopsided some of this battle has been Some of this agenda of centralized power and those that wants to instigate fear and control over humanity But if you take what is happening, what Israel has said for Gaza to do Apologies again if I'm not reading the chat, I'm going to get this off my chest and just lay the foundation for it And we'll deal with the nitty gritty of it If you go to the United Nations, genocide prevention and the responsibility to protect And here, I'll provide the link in the chat on our... Where is it? Oh, here we go Here's the link, here's the U1 link Here's the link for the gain on rumble And here's the link for the gain on... Oh, this is done Here's the link for the gain So if you go to this website, United Nations Genocide Prevention And responsibility to protect And then you look at the table of contests There's genocide crimes against humanity, war crimes and ethnic cleansing We're just going to look at the genocide, it's got a little history here, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah And then if you read what the definition of genocide is And if you click on that link right there, it takes you to the PDF of genocide and whatnot And if you read Act 2 of the genocide, the preamble or whatever they came up with Act 2 says this, in the present convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy in whole or in part In a national, ethical, racial or religious group as such A. Killing members of the group B. Causing serious bodily or mental harm to the members of the group C. Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about physical destruction in whole or in part D. Imposing measures intended to prevent the birth within the group E. Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group Now if you go to the definition of ethnic cleansing in the table there And read their definition of ethnic cleansing If you go down to the last paragraph Because they're saying they don't really have, when you read the ethnic cleansing part, they're saying they really don't have a true definition of ethnic cleansing But the last paragraph states this Here, you know what, let me make this bigger so I can read it more easily Oh, look at that, making it bigger, nice I'm just reading the last paragraph here because I don't want to spend too much time on here The commission of experts added that these practices can quote, constitute crimes against humanity and can be assimilated to specific war crimes Furthermore, such acts could also fall within the meaning of the genocide convention So ethnic cleansing can be categorized as genocide based on certain criteria And they have to get together and decide on that criteria or whatever is going on Some people would say, well, you could say that different nations want to eliminate the land of Jews of Israel That's what Israel feeds people, that they're in danger of being an ethnic cleansing from the region That's genocide We're committing, Israel is basically saying, we're going to commit genocide before they commit genocide on us Certain other people are saying, well, we're going to keep on fighting back because we're being genocideed Really, it's not insane So right now, if you want to sort of appreciate the game of play Appreciate the game of play For those of you who've been following this, you'll have an appreciation for some of these little things I'm going to mention The United Nations has stated that Israel has to remove all the settlements from Palestinian land And Israel's got, I don't know how many settlements they have Hundreds, thousands of settlements on Palestinian land right now And the United Nations has stated that all of those are illegal Israel has to stop building settlements and has to disband all the settlements and take them all back That's officially what the United Nations says The United Nations is controlled by the United States in large part by the Western world However, that's changing right now because of the BRICS nations So this is sort of the last ditch effort for Israel or for the West to try to cleanse the region as much territory as they can Before the power shifts from Western controlled United Nations to BRICS nations and the rest of the world Which is basically 80% of the world The reason they're trying to do this is because when that happens What's been stated in the United Nations, if it still exists by the time this takes place They will start enforcing those mandates that they've already agreed upon Without the United States being able to veto it So there's sort of a time crunch right now for some of the actions that need to be taken by certain factions to get a better position Before they go to the table to negotiate So that's one of the reasons that we're seeing is the shit hit the fans load Israel the West kept on saying that Iran was behind Hamas Now that's died down because Iran was not behind Hamas It was because they're trying to start a war with Iran In the West they've been saying one of the reasons that this happened was because the United States gave Iran $6 billion Well first of all they didn't give Iran $6 billion Those are assets that the West had frozen Iranian assets, Iranian money that the West had frozen Stolen right and they agreed to give it back But now it's still frozen So Iran didn't really get that $6 billion that that's the reason that this attack happened You should also appreciate that there's no way this attack would have happened without someone inside Israel Or institutions inside Israel knowing that it was going to happen including the United States Because again as Israel has stated this was another 9-11 event This was like Pearl Harbor they knew it was going to happen They knew it was going to happen Who was behind it? That's a good question Everyone knows now that Hamas was really put into power by Israel You should also know some people say they've lost control of Hamas So you can't hold Hamas responsible But you should also appreciate that Israel was also supporting ISIS that was fighting Syria And Hamas was on the side of ISIS Hamas was on the side of ISIS So if Hamas was fighting against the Syrian government on the side of ISIS Israel was supporting the ISIS fighters, fanatics Islamic fanatics what a trippy thing So Hamas and Israel were actually allies in their opposition in their war against Syria Turkey was also fighting Syria So was the United States and the UK They lost that because Russia stepped in Because Russia stepped in So right now we're seeing a major ethnic cleansing And it is ethnic cleansing taking place Because two factions that were allies in their war against Syria are now at odds against each other Right? Suppose a Saudi Arabian Israel weren't in talks with the United States to normalize relations Some people are saying this happened because Hamas couldn't allow that to happen Because if that happened Palestinians wouldn't have been thrown They wouldn't have got anything Hezbollah has already stated that if Israel is planning on committing genocide in Gaza Then, oh thank you all to God I wasn't following the chat Seriously If Israel is going to commit genocide on Gaza Hezbollah is going to get involved Right? Hezbollah is going to get involved Iran has said that they will not stand idly by while genocide is being committed Egypt is already moving forces to the border They've said they're not going to open the border Gazan, some Gazans that are fleeing from the north to the south are being bombarded Killed If you know anything about the Iraq war and the first Iraq war with Kuwait You'll know something about the highway of death Attacking retreating forces is a war crime Attacking civilians that are leaving war torn or war regions is beyond that So Russia has already come out and said what Israel is doing is wrong Compared to letting what happened in Stalingrad China has already come out and said what they are doing is wrong How could they try and ethnic cleanse the whole region Saudi Arabia has cut ties, not cut ties but no longer negotiating with Israel For normalizing relations Gold is up in the last week of about $120 in just five days or so Jump $60 on Friday None of the Arab countries has said, not even Turkey has said that they will accept the Palestinian refugees So that's where we are right now Number of people have come out, that journalists have come out and talking about history And how things have come to be to where they are And it's extremely, extremely, it could blow at any moment It could blow at any moment I saw plutonic pluralist, apologies if I didn't read the chat Future, is your mic, oh the sound, is it bad, is it low? Test, test, did it go down? Volume is a bit low Okay let me do a little unplug and replug How long has it been low? Test, test, test, is that better? That should be better It's low for people, yeah, audible but low 10 minutes, for about 10 minutes, oh that's unfortunate So bad, so sad, much better, yes, oh sorry gang I should have kept my eyes on the thing, what a time for it to do that Poop, good, thank you, thank you, great thanks Apologies gang, I should have kept my eyes on the chat There's just so much going on, I needed to get it out Okay, now it's a journalist, no, now it's okay, okay, no man But we could still hear everything just was quieter, no problem Okay, could still hear the most part though Okay, sorry gang, it was alright for headphone users We could hear, okay, Nicholas Chico, it was still audible so it's not lost Okay, cool, cool, good, pooper, scooper, what a time, I gotta keep my eyes on that The reason I wasn't reading the chat is because there's so much going on Right, so much going on, so that's where we stand right now And outside, I don't know if you can hear it, they're doing construction again So they're cutting things Craziness, craziness, anonymous man Should the Geneva Convention apply to occupy territory like Gaza that is technically not a country? What do you mean, anonymous man? War crimes, crimes against humanity, ethnic cleansing, genocide They don't necessarily apply to just countries, they apply to people Okay, they apply to people, right, they apply to people And according to the United Nations, Israel has to remove all the settlements That's set in stone, right, unless there's renegotiation, right Unless there's renegotiation, right And keep in mind by the way gang, Israel in the last few months was helping Azerbaijan cleanse Nagorno-Garabakh of Armenians 120,000, 130,000 Armenians have been on the march to go to Armenia Because Israel and Azerbaijan and Turkey were ethnic cleansing the region So if you consider this, Israel in the last few months is involved in two ethnic cleansings Right, two ethnic cleansings For a little country right there, that's a lot of ethnic cleansing that this country has been involved in Okay And you should be noted that Israel does not recognize the Armenian genocide, the first genocide of the 20th century And some would argue that the ethnic cleansing being done in Nagorno-Garabakh Could be the first largest ethnic cleansing of the 20th century, followed by Palestine, right Okay, oh yeah, I was going to answer this So Plutonic Plurals ask, should Egypt allow Palestinians to come into Egypt? And Berdy here says, why do Muslim countries not let fleeing Palestinians in? Didn't Egypt have war with Israel in the past? Here's the reason These countries have to also maintain their economies, make sure they have control of crime Make sure that they can feed all these refugees coming into their countries If you think about it, in 1948 and decades after that, they had the great, it was called the Nakba Palestinian refugees being flooded into their nations, into Jordan, into Syria, into Egypt There's a lot of refugees and a lot of the people, 80% or so, 70% or so And by the way, 50% of people in Gaza, human beings in Gaza are children, right Average age in Gaza is 17 years old, right 2.2 million people are so So in 1948, right, those are great marches, Israel, Israelis, Jews, I don't know, what do you call it Great cleansing of Palestinians from that region And all those countries took on these refugees and there's major refugee camps in all of these countries of Palestinians Did that help the situation at all? How many decades later? Seven decades later, the world, Israel and the United States are expecting these countries to take in all of these refugees Because Israel wants to cleanse the region of Palestinians Remember, when the Western world went into Iraq, Syria took in 2 million Iraqi refugees or so That's a huge economic burden on a country, right?  Just because a nation says I want to ethnically cleanse the region Then all the neighboring countries have to take those people in, right Doesn't really make sense, doesn't really make sense First time chat, Vaughn, you, and then sudden, I don't know what that means Sixth day war, plethora, rich Muslim countries like Qatar and Saudi Arabia don't want refugees who could destabilize their societies and rule Yeah, and most of these monarchies and kingdoms and stuff, they don't really represent the people, right Like Saudi Arabia, for decades, it was installed by the West Same with Kuwait, I mean, geez, Kuwait The deal Kuwait had during the First Gulf War was all their royalty flew over to Europe and the United States And Europe, UK, and the United States said, oh yeah, we'll get Kuwait back for you But we want half of it, half the revenues, right So they're monarchies, they're puppets, they're kingdoms They don't really represent the people, right Hey, that's what the Israelis want, the Palestinian land, da da da da da da da Nicholas Chuchot, thanks for the stream, peace, chat, and mods Hope to be back soon, awesome Nicholas, thank you very much I hope you have a fantastic week, fantastic week First time chat, Dalf, they're trying to build a prison, for me and you to live in Right? Dancing vigil, it's someone doing Karim or something, this construction, it's crazy, it's crazy Birdie here, so the neighboring countries are essentially saying, we, where'd it go? Are essentially saying, we shouldn't take them in as this shouldn't be happening, in large part And you can't, like, just, like, they're homeless in our city I'm pretty sure if you live in the western world they're homeless near you Can you just open your doors and let the homeless into your house and just start feeding Giving shelter to all the homeless, it just doesn't work It doesn't work, right? It doesn't work And windows open, can you guys hear the sound? It doesn't, it looks like it's too loud Da da da da da da da Behind their empty walls, my bad Dalf I'm at a cafe and a garbage truck was stuck in traffic Oh, that's what it is, okay, good, good, good Ryan MC, Iran is watching what's happening very closely, indeed, indeed, indeed And by the way, the attack on Armenia, Nagorno-Arabah And the little piece of land there that connects Turkey and Azerbaijan that Azerbaijan says we want Turkey says we want, Iran has said you ain't gonna get it Azerbaijan is funded by Israel because it is also an attack on Iran And that is not lost to Iran Iran knows this, that Israel just attacked Iran in the north destabilized northern Iran, the border That is not lost to Iran


Bingo, we're back, and I mean that the nicest possible way here on Hawaii, the state of clean energy. Hi Maria Tomei, my co-host. Hello, welcome back. Thank you. I came back from my energy experience in Iceland, yeah? Yeah. It was quite something. I might have a minute or two to tell you about it, yeah? Right. Okay, and we have Brad Romine with us. He is a scientist, and he is a coastal specialist and consultant for the Sea Grant program, yeah? Correct, correct, yeah. Yeah. So I work for the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College program. I'm a coastal geologist by background training, done research studies on beach erosion, sea level rise, human impacts to our coastlines and beaches and all that, and been working with, really closely with the State Department of Land and Natural Resources, among others, to understand what the future looks like for our coastlines with sea level rise. We already have a lot of problems with beach erosion, wave run-up, wave overwashing, high waves and our winters and all that, and unfortunately, we're only expecting those things to get worse in the coming decades with climate change and sea level rise. So been involved in a recent study, this Hawaii Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report that the State Climate Mitigation Adaptation Commission directed the State DLNR to do, and my work through DLNR helped them develop this report, looking out a few decades out to the end of the century of what sea level rise might look like for our state. You're not scaring me yet. See if you can scare me a little, Brad. We'll get there. I think I scared the last group a little bit at the presentation at Verge, yeah. Yeah, that's one thing about talking about this. It's not the churriest topic, but you know what, it's something we can't bear our heads in the sand. We got to start addressing this issue. I'll give you my imperfect, non-scientific citizen view of this. It's going to inundate our beaches, and as our beaches go, so goes our economy and everything in Hawaii, everything in Hawaii, and that's coming, and it might even come faster than we think, because my view of the science, forgive me that, is that we make predictions, but actually, every time you look it seems to be moving faster than we thought it was moving, and so if you say, oh, we're going to have a problem by 2050, well, it might be 2045 or 2040, and nobody really sees that there's a sort of a logarithmic timeline involved here. So as we look, the idea is to get old really quickly, so you don't have to enjoy it. The old guys are way ahead on this deal, but I'm worried that Hawaii is going to suffer hugely, not only because of the economy, the sea level rise, but because we're going to have extreme storms, and we're going to have the same kind of response. This is my worry. The same kind of response from FEMA and the other groups in the national, holding with the national money that Puerto Rico had, oh, surprise, that's an energy impact, don't you think, Maria? Oh, definitely. Yeah. So I am very worried about this, so you don't have to scare me, I'm already scared. All right, my work's done here then. Yeah, so, Maria, why don't you ask Brad to introduce this report? It's like introducing a guest. Yes, yes. So last week, we had Anu Hidl on who was talking about the climate change, mitigation and adaptation task force, and she mentioned one of the things that they had produced was this report, sea level rise report. So we wanted to find someone to come and talk to us about this report, and it was just what done in, I mean, it was released in December or something like that. It was just finished in December, past December 2017, and delivered to the State Climate Mitigation Adaptation Commission. This is a commission that was brought together by some state legislation, a couple bills, one that was passed in 2017, another one in 2014, which both directed through the State Department of Natural Resources to develop this sea level rise vulnerability and adaptation report. It was about three years in the making since that first act in 2014. It was a major effort with a consultant, Tetra Tech Incorporated, which the state hired through the DLNR. And then working really closely with the UH Coastal Geology Group, that's Dr. Chip Fletcher and his research team. This is his cup of tea with all his charts and graphs and inundation diagrams. They were essential to this report. They did a lot of really incredible modeling, mapping for what some of these impacts from sea level rise will look like at various heights of sea level rise along our coast throughout Hawaii. Looking at what high tide flooding will look like, looking at erosion forecasts, and then looking at wave overwash projections for the coastline, and then mapped all that, and then kind of combined those areas into this overall sea level rise exposure area. Again, this is throughout Hawaii and doing some economic impacts assessments. Economic impact. Yeah, yeah. When I say economic, I mean, this is looking at the vulnerability of property and buildings along our shorelines that would potentially be inundated in this sea level rise exposure area in the report. But we're not surprised with that. We're not surprised that we have sea level rise. I mean, Chip Fletcher has been talking about that, and your school has been talking about that like forever. And we know that the waves are lapping at our shores, and we know that tourism can't tolerate that. And we know there's a problem. And I always wonder, on all these reports, I wonder whether this is like making a report about the hull damage in the Titanic as it is going down, down, down. Tell me why it's important. Well, to your point, sea level is already rising. We're already facing a lot of these problems. We can see on our tide gauges around Hawaii and globally that sea level rise is going on already. We already have widespread coastal erosion problems here in Hawaii. 70% of our beaches we know are eroding on Kauai, Oahu, and Maui. We have coastal highways that are getting eroded up on our windward side that are getting washed away, eroded. So we have these existing problems. The goal of the report, really, from my eyes, is we have these problems. How much worse are they going to get in the future? There's a lot of science on projections of what sea level rise might be, how high and when. And there's a lot of variability in that. But this is the first effort in Hawaii to really map out what areas are vulnerable at varying heights of sea level in the future, within this century. Why do I care what areas are vulnerable? I mean, is this going to go to my real estate appraisal value of my home on the waterfront or what? I don't know. We know how the data will be used. It's possible. I think that people should be aware of this information. It should be something that should be disclosed when somebody buys a property. But they can look it up. It's now publicly available information. You can go on the map and look at what areas are affected, at what heights, and projected what year. Sell immediately. That's like selling in Puna. We just think this is important information. Of course, there's a lot of questions and ramifications. I don't want to get too deep into that. No, no, what I'm really asking is when you find that certain areas are going to be more vulnerable, certain beaches are going to be washed away. There's going to be more inundation here and there. And you need a scientific approach to determine what is going to be affected more than the other places. But query in the report or is there a place in the report that says, well, this beach is critical to the economy. This beach is critical to a neighborhood involving 5,000 homes. This beach is critical to infrastructure. That's pumping water or sewage or what have or electrical power. And this beach is therefore number one priority. So you, the powers that be, have to move that up because of our report to number one priority. And you have to put some money on protecting us from that. I mean, is that where it goes? That's a good example of kind of next steps that I hope will be taken with this information, with the map layers and the report and the information that we have from this is prioritizing. So the report has all this map data, but it has these recommendations. And one of the recommendations is that we should start prioritizing particular beaches that we want to save among 30-some recommendations in a report because we're probably not going to be able to save them all. And there may be some areas where we do want to.  You know, we're losing them. We've already lost 13 miles of beaches here in Hawaii to sea walls in front of homes and in our highways and in other development. We've slowed that sea wall construction down. The state has and the counties have in the last couple decades. But it still goes on. And but, you know, we've lost extensive beaches in front of that. We've got to kind of start prioritizing which beaches we want to save. A lot of our coastal areas, particularly here on Oahu, Kauai and Maui as well, we've built right on top of sand dunes and old beach deposits that were laid down, you know, in dovergeal logic history. I don't think we knew. We certainly didn't know to the degree that we do now that a lot of these beaches were chronically retreating like they are. But I have to think. Well, the retreat has increased, accelerated hugely in the past five or 10 years. Well, anecdotally, it seems to have increased. You know, we don't know if the rates of erosion are actually accelerating here in Hawaii. But it's a widespread problem nonetheless. And, you know, I just think, yeah, in the hindsight, I think we could have built a lot smarter and back further back from the coast.  But we're kind of paying for it now. We really left ourselves very vulnerable. Yeah.  In the Puna problem, people knew that Puna was sitting on top of geothermal. They knew that there were fissures and seismic rifts and regular seismic activity there forever, forever. And yet they went and they bought. And the banks gave them mortgages. And they invested their lives, as people do in Hawaii, in their homes, in a place where everybody really knew. It wasn't just the geologists. Everybody knew that this was not really sustainable, that something would happen, including the guys at Puna Geothermal Venture. They knew, too. In fact, geothermal is their middle name, as I recall. And so the question is, how does this affect Hawaii's perception of dealing with it? I mean, if I went out and bought a home on the lava now, I'd be crazy. But if I went out and bought a home on a beach which already had signs of inundation, which is in the report as having signs of inundation, would I be any less crazy? Well, you know, everybody has their dream to have a house on the beach. But we're just trying to provide information with this. And it's up to them to use it responsibly. Back to your previous question. We didn't have a lot of information on which areas were more vulnerable, which beach was more vulnerable than that one. And we do now. So I hope the information will be used wisely. And we'll make some better decisions going forward on how we plan our community development and things like that, and how we'll recover from disasters. The situation that happened in Puerto Rico is our worst case scenario. We're a very isolated, vulnerable island state, of course. So we need to be building back smarter in the next round. Or rebuilding, as the case may be. For example, I don't know if this is a good example, but in Puerto Rico, the storm affected electrical power. It toppled power poles all over the place. It somehow stopped the generating plans from generating it. And now you have nothing. If you don't have the distribution system, it doesn't do you any good to keep it generated. Distribution plans nothing. And I sense that there is a parallel here. Because some of our power lines are underground. They're under the, what do you call it, inundation tables, let's be. Yeah, certainly. Anything within the sea level rise exposure area, back to that, is vulnerable. That's our roads. And anything underlying those roads, the sewer networks, the storm drainage networks, the power infrastructure that's under there, is going to be submerged. And a lot of the agencies are starting to wake up to that. Water supply issues, salt water getting into these pipes. And corroding them around. Sure, it's getting out of the pipes. Yeah, potentially. Yeah, and the storm drain system is probably one of the most vulnerable areas. Because that's directly connected to the sea. So with the high tides that we have had the last year and around the king tides and all that, if you talked about that, very often that's where we saw the water coming back up out of the storm drain system. So that's going to be a real challenge. But as sea levels get higher and higher, we actually will see groundwater start cropping up out of some of the particularly low lying areas and essentially creating new wetlands or areas and or areas that don't drain very quickly when there's rain. So it's not just the beaches. It's not just the beaches. It's the back shore areas, too, that are low lying. Yeah, highways. Yeah, the highways really stand out as a real concern for me. Because they're on the peripheral. They're on the peripheral. They're critical links to a lot of these coastal neighborhoods. They're unique links. There's no alternative route. There's no one road around a lot of our islands. And they're already suffering damages. An example would be like Hanoa P'ilani Highway, West Maui going out from Malaya to Lahaina if you've driven that. Very low lying, even tiny small waves and a high tide had overwashed the section of the highway now. So just a foot of sea level rise and have big problems along that road. Luckily, they're starting to move some of that road back with the bypass. Expensive because there's a hillside there. It is expensive. Here on Oahu, the northeast area, Ka'ava, Punulu, those areas already overwashed by waves repeatedly. Drive up there, you see sand across the road after every high tide. And DOTs had to dump more and more rock to protect more and more of the highway. And all the beast was in front of that road has been lost. And that's just kind of the leading edge of the problems we're going to see. We really have to wake up to some of these challenges. That's just serious. So I am getting scared. And I suppose that's not inappropriate. So Maria, can you make a sort of half-time summary of where we've been in this discussion and then take us out to a break? OK, sure. So we started off talking last week about the whole climate change mitigation adaptation task force. Now, the first thing, of course, is what would be the impact of different levels? And so where should the efforts be focused? Is it, I mean, it's a combination of things. Not only are you trying to do the mitigation with reducing the greenhouse gas production. And I'd like to make a pitch for Hawaii's avoidance of greenhouse gases on a ton basis for what you may be small, but we have an ability to influence and to demonstrate success that can have multiplier effects. And so that is one aspect of it.  What do you move? How do you plan your investments? How do you mitigate some of those impacts? And so what I liked best about the report was actually not the paper part, but the map. So you can go get a visual of what might be involved. And that gets you scared. But also, we're resilient people. And we will figure out how to make this work. But we need the information upon which to build a plan. And so that's why I think this report is very interesting, very important. And go check it out online. That's a summary? Well, before the break. OK, all right. Now we're going to have a break. OK. That's Maria and Graham will be right back. You'll see. At 2 PM, please join us, where we discuss important and useful information for the Japanese language community in Hawaii. The show will be all in Japanese. Hope you can join us every other Monday at 2 PM. Aloha. Hi, everyone. I'm Andrea Gabrieli. The host for Young Talent's Making Way here in Fintech, Hawaii. We talk every Tuesday at 11 AM about things that matter to tech, matter to science, to the people of Hawaii with some extraordinary guests, the students of our schools who are participating in science fair. So Young Talent's Making Way every Tuesday at 11 AM only on Fintech, Hawaii. Mahalo. Bingo. We came back. That's Maria Tomei, my co-host here. For the Hawaii Energy Policy Forum's Hawaii State of Clean Energy Show every Wednesday at 4 o'clock. And our special guest is Brad Romine.  Coastal geology, coastal processes, coastal hazards, whatever. Better coastal than postal. Yes, sure. That's a C-grade college at UH Manoa. Thank you, Jay. So to get into some of the more graphic issues, if I could say, what areas should we be most worried about in your view of this report? Yeah, well, so the state report looked at the vulnerabilities from sea level rise statewide, up to a level of three feet of sea level rise. And it looked at statewide and looked at island by island. And among the islands, Oahu really stands out as the most vulnerable. And that's a couple of reasons. One is our geography. We have particularly low-lying coastal planes around our island, sandy coastal planes for the most part, for large part. And we decided to build right close up on the edge of that coastal plane. Oh, let's talk about the reef runway. Yeah, the reef runway. Yeah, we built out on the reef. You can't land the big ones or the small ones or any of the planes there without it. That could be a problem area. Yeah, when we start to get the higher sea level rise projections, that area looks pretty badly flooded. But that's a big money, big ticket area where folks might want to spend money to adapt that. It was an essential piece of infrastructure. Might want to spend some money on that. You might want to keep that piece of infrastructure going, I would think. I worry also about the less developed areas, our more country suburban areas on the coastline. What are we going to do for those folks, those beachfront homes that are going to be impacted by increasing erosion and wave overwash? You know what happens? The same thing, it's the Puna effect. So everybody knew that Puna had a certain risk to it. OK, now the storm comes, so to speak. And they don't have a home. And we're going to put them in the cafeteria where you're going to put them.  They don't have insurance. So when does this burden actually fall for all the people who lost their homes, hundreds of people, where does it fall? It falls on the taxpayer. The government is going to have to. And it's not clear if FEMA or the federal government is going to really get in there, roll up their sleeves, and help out. So those people are burdened. And they add to our existing burden for affordable housing and for homeless, right? Now you take other things in Oahu, where these neighborhoods are inundated, and where are these people going to go? Yeah, good question. These are questions we've got to all work out together. I don't have the answers to that. Maybe we're taking them back to Puna and put them on top of the. No, I'm only kidding. Fortunately with Sea Level Rise, this is for most apart a slow evolving process. I mean, we're facing some problem areas right now, like Sunset Beach, for example, that's having major erosion problems. But we have years to decades to work this out for a lot of other areas. So there's time to do this. I think we don't have to knee-jerk reaction on this. Oh, that's my second question. My second question is, how much time is there? How much time? It depends on location, site by site, area by area. But we need to start planning now. That's the bottom line. We can't ignore this problem any longer. The planning needs to start now. We need to develop funding to maybe move some infrastructure, maybe even private development out of the way in some areas or harden other critical infrastructure. It's going to cost money, of course. And that's what it's going to come down to a lot. But we also need to be smart about this. And one of the places we're working right now is with the community planning process. So the counties are required to develop these community plans, the vision for how they want a community to look out in the future 20 or so years and beyond. So we see that as one critical place to start utilizing this data. So they understand and integrate the sea level rise and coastal hazards map data into the process of developing a vision for their community in the future. For years and years, we've talked at Hawaii, especially about energy, about NIMBY, not in my backyard. Don't build that thing in my backyard. Don't do anything in my backyard. You leave me alone. This is reverse NIMBY. This means please fix my backyard. Come around, spend some money in my backyard to save my backyard. And so when you get into a community plan, everybody has got a silo of personal interest. I want my backyard to be saved, not his backyard. And so you have a very interesting kind of community meeting there, community conversation. It's not the same. It's not the same as the old conversation. It's a brand new kind of conversation. And you really wonder what's going to happen because you could get locked up. And what they're really talking about is spending money. And so now you have the money people, legislature, for example, they have to engage politically with the people in the community who want their backyard fixed. So this is going to be hard. And I almost think that the form of democracy that we have created here in Hawaii where everything is transparent and everything is, what's the word, we listen to everyone. We hear everyone. And we have very long conversations where everyone can express himself, may not be exactly the right model for fixing this. There may not be enough time to have a conversation where everybody gets this two cents in about his backyard being more important than his neighbor's backyard. You don't have to agree. Yeah, I don't have a whole many comments on that. That may be for our politicians to figure that part out. I keep thinking the civil engineers are going to be having some interesting opportunities to figure things out. One thing that strikes me from what you said, Brad, is that the charts and graphs that show you which of the most vulnerable areas don't necessarily tell you which of the areas that our government should be fixing first. Because there are other considerations, as you indicated earlier. There are economic considerations. There are social considerations. There are political considerations as to which of those areas is really at the top of the priority list. So the State Interagency Climate Commission is working on that. And with Sea Grant's help, with UH's help at large, and all these recommendations, the data from Sea Level Rise Report, and trying to prioritize those recommendations, take some next steps with that. But of course, as you mentioned, Maria, that's only one side of the coin. The other side is the climate greenhouse gas mitigation side, too. And the Climate Commission is charged with trying to address that, too. So they're working really hard to try to do that. They meet quarterly. These are public meetings. There's a similar effort going on in the city. They have their Office of Climate Change, Sustainability, and Resilience, and their own Climate Commission at the City and County of Honolulu that's got on a kind of a parallel track. And we're trying to make sure these two commissions are talking, communicating, you know? So this commission is always interested in the coastline. This commission is statewide. And we've done the Sea Level Rise Report with them, which of course looks mostly at the coastline. But they have a much broader charge than that. And again, looking at climate change mitigation, greenhouse gas mitigation, and then ultimately other climate impacts beyond Sea Level Rise. To distinguish between taking steps to stop emissions of carbon and to stop Sea Level Rise.  That's one category, one basket of things you can do. The other basket is how do you, what's the word you use? You've both used harden. How do you harden our community? So we're better prepared for an extreme storm. We're better prepared for the creeping inundation that we are going to face. I'm sure it is. Go ahead, Jay. So I have, for you, I have a billion dollars. I have a billion dollars for you. Do I spend it on this basket or that basket? I think you've got to kind of split it evenly. And I prefer the term adaptation rather than harden, because there's some places we want to kind of work with nature in kind of a softer approach. Maybe pull back a little bit rather than throwing rocks and walls down everywhere because the environmental impacts of that. But yeah, I think we need to invest in a renewable energy infrastructure. And the state is doing a lot in that direction right now. But the adaptation side, sea level rise is coming even in the best case scenarios. NASA had a statement they made back in 2015. Just given the greenhouse gases that we're already putting in the atmosphere and the heat content into the atmosphere and the oceans from that, we're already committed ourselves to at least three feet of sea level rise. So when that happens, depends on how quickly, if and how quickly we can reduce our greenhouse gas emissions. But we are going to see substantial sea level rise, Hawaii and globally. So we do have to begin adapting regardless of what we're doing. This is a huge irony, though, as I recall, and you can correct me on this, as we pulled out of COP, as I recall Congress and the White House deny climate change, they deny pretty much the fundamental point of the report here. And as a matter of fact, correct me if I'm mistaken on this, the federal government isn't doing much in terms of spending the money to deal with the root cause, the carbon cause of climate change. Isn't there an irony between spending half of my billion on that when the federal government's not spending anything on it? Yeah, it's absolutely frustrating. But the states are taking the charge. And part of this climate act that directed the state to do sea level rise report also committed the state to the Paris Climate Agreement. So we're all proud of Hawaii for doing that. Other states and major cities around the US are doing that and leading the charge on climate change and greenhouse gas mitigation. So let's go ahead and do it without the federal government. And that may change. Administrations change, of course. Yes, they do. OK, Maria, time for you to try to summarize that one. OK. Are we running out of time already? OK. Well, I think as we move forward in our discussions, the next couple of weeks, we are going to invite the city and county to have their energy guy come and talk about what the city and county's climate change and sustainability group is up to. And we also have Hawaii Green Growth coming to talk about their scorecard. And the nice thing is that there is a lot of communication between these groups. And I do think that there is a lot happening at the local and state level. And that's really where the action is. I mean, we're the ones who have to fix our highways and make sure that we have the infrastructure that we need and we plan and we have many years to do it. So there is hope. It's scary. Check the map, get scared, and then check the recommendations and say, ah, but we're going to work on this together, both the mitigation and the adaptation. Yeah. Well, it reminds me of the last legislative brief when we did in January this year, where Sharon Moriwaki, who's running for office now for the state senate, was determined with a lot of your colleagues to make the point that energy and climate change are inextricably intertwined, and you have to look at sustainability all the time. And I guess that's a big point going forward. I think you alluded to this before. We must be leaders. Why must be a leader? We want people to see what we do and maybe hopefully follow what we do so that regardless of what happens in the White House, we can actually take steps. That's really important. The problem is making sure the legislature understands this. I think they're getting it. They've been very willing participants in the state climate commission. So thank you to our state legislators that pass the climate initiative and for their continuing involvement in this effort. One other thing I want to mention before we close is this, is that in Marshall Islands, they're already going inundate. They're already losing their beaches. I mean, in a few years, there won't be any Marshall Islands. And other such islands in the South Pacific. And it's sort of like the Pune kind of experience because it's an unfunded mandate for Hawaii. They will come here. We will have them. And we will have to find housing for them. And there will be far more of them when their islands submerge than there are now. So we'll take the hit on that probably on a state basis, don't you think? And more than we are taking the hit on it now, we will have to write big checks going forward to save ourselves. But you got how many billions? Did you say you said you had a billion? So thanks. That's a good start. What's that? You said you had a billion dollars. So that's a good start. Well, thanks, Jay. Yeah, let me just get my checkbook out. One more thing is, are they talking about this at Verge? You were there. Is this part of the conversation that is happening around energy right now? Maybe Maria can speak to that a little better. Definitely. I only went to one session. Yeah, I presented on this information at a session. So I was real pleased to be invited and chance to do that. And earlier in the day, there was a presentation on not this is the topic of sustainability, climate change, mitigation adaptation is throughout. And this specific report is actually brought up specifically several times. So definitely, definitely part of Verge. Well, at first, I was concerned that it's not that easy to make the connection, climate change and energy. But it seems it gets easier over time. It does. I think especially if you think about it all under that umbrella of sustainability, that's really what it all comes down to. And what does that really mean? What, sustainability? Yeah, I mean, just that really means not over using our resources. Surviving. Surviving, yeah. As a community, right. Individuals too. That's what we're talking about. Well, thank you very much, Brad. Thanks for the invite, Jay. Great to have you down here. Maria, flowers from across the table. Thank you so much. Thank you.