So, when we are now, when you listen to the members of parliament through their various submissions that they have made, you come to a conclusion that our country is in a state of entropy. And earlier I defined what the state of entropy is. This is some disorderly manner in which things occur in order. So we are in a state of entropy where everything is happening in some disorderly manner, in some order. We are in a country today where the rule of law, where the laws are disrespected, they are disrespected in preference for policy. It must be noted here that laws are superior to policies. You have a minister of agriculture coming on the floor. Members of parliament bring it his attention that the selection of the model of procurement of fatalizers this year being a direct bidding was inappropriate. But because the surrounding circumstances do not warrant that kind of procurement. It comes up and says we have decided because it's now manifesto. So it's now the UPND manifesto against or versus the law. This is the country that we're in. We're in a country now where even whereas the law provides for all controlling officers to give information to auditor general within a specified and stipulated period. We have records that show that the last time auditor general requested for information from the permanent secretary from agriculture was about three months ago. To date the peace of agriculture has refused to submit information to auditor general. The work of auditor general, the audit opinion, the opinion of auditor general is supposed to be given by certain date around May. And the auditor general is to present that report to parliament around September. Colleagues take interest to note that most of the work that we do here at parliament emanate from the auditor general's report. There are three accountability committees that depend on the auditor general's report. So you can imagine what is going to happen to the work of parliament and the work of these committees if the auditor general is unable to deliver a credible audit report. And that's why we're headed because deliberately and by some design the PS has been instructed not to provide information to the auditor general. Had that not been the case, we would have seen some administrative action coming from secretary cabinet or indeed secretary treasury being the two people that supervise permanent secretaries. But this permanent secretary for ministry of agriculture within punity has refused to submit documents to auditor general as provided by law. Colleagues we say we're in a state of entropy because I remember, honorable colleagues, I think most of you must have watched that movie. I remember it very well. It was a movie entitled going nowhere slowly. And I think that's what we are as a country. We are going nowhere slowly. Because these are some of the examples that we are giving. It was us yesterday that there was an audio, a video that went viral. This video had senior members of the UPND incarcerated at some police station in Wapula and were complaining. They were complaining about discrimination saying some of their colleagues that were involved in the same scandal in the same transactions were not arrested together with them because of the regions where they came from. Colleagues these are not words coming from us. I'm sure most of you must have had recalls to that particular video. And yet the president and his ministers would want to tell the Zambian people that they detest regionalism. If you listen to that audio very carefully, the people that spoke in that video spoke with details. They gave out names of people that should have been incarcerated together with them but not in incarceration. And yet we have come on the floor of the house with lists on appointments. We have raised issue with the non-compliance with article 259 of the constitution where those that make appointments including the president is mandated to follow the provisions of the constitution which require that it must be regional diversity in appointments. When we raise these issues people come up and call us tribalists. And yet members of their own party of the UPND party raised issues to do with regionalism. Police officers involved in the Sujilite scandal merely transferred. Party officials involved in Sujilite merely centre were not incarcerated. The people that were in that video went further to complain about some mining activities that are happening in some parts of this country. And have continued to operate illegally. And yet similar activities in other parts are being stopped. So colleagues, the past two weeks we've been debating in the president's speech where he came to give progress on the implementation of values and principles. And one of those values and principles included non-discrimination. We want to call upon government, in particular executions in the president, that they must be equal and fair treatment of citizens. Let them deal with the matter that was arose in that audio from Ropula. We do not want the UPND to bring division in our country. We want to preach unity. UPND should put its house in order and ensure that those officials that are talking about regionalism, those officials who are fighting based on tribe, are brought to book. If at all what they are saying is true, that should serve as a lesson for those that are in leadership, be it the police or indeed party hierarchy to do things fairly and treat members equally. So colleagues, there are a number of things that have been discussed today. But like I said, I started by defining the state of entropy. That is orderly manner in which things occur in order. And that's where we are as a country, going nowhere slowly. That's where we are as a country. So we've been told about corruption, especially in the procurement of fertilizers. It's not the first time. This is actually the third procurement that has happened under UPND. The first one, the moment they came into power in 2021, they procured fertilizers with 50 million dollars. They procured fertilizers ordinarily costing 35 million dollars and they paid 50 million dollars. We raised issues around the transaction. We caught upon the SEC to investigate. There's never been a report from the Anti Corruption Commission. The second procurement happened last year. We all know it was through some selective tender. Six companies were selected. When we asked the government to provide profiles of those companies that were selected for that tender, the tender was cancelled and later worded to other friendly companies. So this tender that is out now is the third one. Colleagues, you don't have to be a rocket scientist to know and be able to see the corruption in this fertilizer procurement. Direct bidding, there are certain conditionalities or circumstances that must exist before you opt for direct bidding. And I'm happy that our honorable members were here. They surveyed the law, they pronounced the law and it's very clear that the circumstances surrounding the procurement of fertilizers this time around do not warrant direct bidding. Secondly, it's a well known fact that the companies that have been picked for this direct bidding are friendly companies, politically exposed companies. And yet our president on every platform is talking about the fight against corruption. Ladies and gentlemen, we want to be serious. If we're going to fight corruption, we have got to be serious. And like my colleague from Alumezi said, there is no fight against corruption whatsoever. I also want to comment on the issue of violence as was earlier discussed by Honour Kampangi. The UPND have been going out there to say that they have ended kata reason. And some people actually do believe they have ended kata reason. I want to take you back. Back in 2021, we also what happened at the court when Honour Boshaka Fuswenmao Sampa were appearing before court to defend the petitions. Their witnesses were beaten in full view of the police and the minister right at the court. It's not long ago that police officers at Chisamba were beaten right at the police. A district administrative officer in Kasama was beaten in an office almost undressed by UPND kata in Kasama. Just the other week, police were beaten at Kasama police and when we brought the matter before the minister said he was not aware, the very following there UPND were apologizing for that incident. So we have all these examples. In Chisamba, my brother is there, Christopher Chibuya. He survived a gunshot right at the police by kata. In Kitwe, the people that were beaten three days ago are the ones that have been arrested. And yet the UPND want to come and tell you that they have ended kata reason. A devs in Kafiwe was beaten by kata. And they are doing this with impunity. Lusangazi, Luangwa. Now I'm told the minister of community development, my dear sister was actually harassed by kata at the office. And somebody wants to say they've ended kata reason. The only reason why you are able to see the UPND as being violent is because we told our kata under PF to restrain themselves and not react. Have they been reacting? Our kata has been arrested and accused of being violent. But because we told them, do not hit back. Just stand back and look away. So now these people are exposed. So we are dealing with a party that is full of kata reason and violence. And colleagues, I want to tell you this. Most of the violence that we have experienced in the past one week or two, has been for one reason. Because the true size of the UPND has been exposed. Remember that the UPND won elections not because they are the larger membership, but because the number of sympathizers on that day in 2021 tend against PF and voted for the UPND. But the UPND now having to come to terms with the truth that yes they are in power, but they have a very small party. They have a very small party. There is no apologies about it. Begin to interrogate what happened first of all independence day on October 2022. Everywhere you went, countrywide, people were outnumbered by part of the front.   The question that you must ask, all the genuine members of the UPND should have turned up to go and march and show that they are proud of their party. So now realizing this, because they were busy basking in joy, believing that they have got 2.8 million people that voted for them. We kept on warning them, yes you may have gotten that vote though we have our own doubts, but the people that came out to vote, most of them were not your members. They were just people that were disgruntled, that were unhappy with us. Now their true size is showing and because they realize they are a very small party, they tend to violence and tend to harass our members. We want to call upon the minister of just the minister of home affairs. Wana Bojack Mwimbo, you cannot continue pretending. You have kadas who are violent, kadas who are causing violence. It's time that you put your act together minister and put that to an end.  That cannot continue. That's a message to my dear colleague, fellow kansu Jack Mwimbo. He has got to put his act together and ensure that he ends in your kadarism. So I think ladies and gentlemen, it's been a long day. My strong message really was that we are a country that is going nowhere slowly. We are a country that is experiencing all this confusion. Otherwise, how can you explain a situation where on youth day the president appears before the youths who are waiting for some inspirational message from the president and all they hear from him is kutumpo, using unpalatable language on that platform. That is because we are in a state of entropy. We are in a state of entropy. Where things are happening in some disorderly manner but in some order, this is exactly where we are. And I think it's high time that we called for a national endeavor. The UPND need help, colleagues. The UPND need help and that help can only come through a national endeavor where stakeholders and citizens come together to try and help our friends find some solutions. We have waited. It was wait for our budget, their budget came, nothing happened. Wait for the IMF package, the IMF package came, nothing. But for how long will we continue waiting? So I think the way forward. We've taken a proactive approach. We will soon be engaging with our own advice president that through members of parliament and other stakeholders including party functionaries from our side, a national endeavor should be called so that we can help the UPND to put this country back on track where things should begin to happen in a predictable manner in some orderly manner. And I think that way for this country that we love, we should be able to take it forward. With those few remarks ladies and gentlemen I should thank you more sincerely honourable members of parliament and members of the press for your time and efforts that you've made in ensuring that our people out there are informed of what is happening and indeed told about the many shortcomings that this government is having. Thank you very much. Thank you.


Any time you're ready, sir. Hey shipmates, this is Rear Abel Ken Perry, transmitting to you from Ice Camp Nautilus out on the Arctic, about 100 miles offshore here in the Arctic Ocean. Just come from several days sailing aboard USS New Mexico, our top Virginia-class submarines home ported in New London. Ship's been going through maneuvers here in one of the most arduous environments on the globe, demonstrating global access for our submarine force and the capabilities that we bring to the nation in her defense. Captain Todd Moore and his crew have been doing aggressive maneuvers to demonstrate the operational capability, the tactical capability, along with their sister ship USS Hampton from the Pacific, conducting an exercise here, ISEX 2014. With that crew, they've put the ship through its paces, and along with the ships throughout Submarine Group 2, delivering global readiness. In Yukon, in SEDCOM, from the Persian Gulf to the Arctic and the Pacific and the Atlantic, and those ships that are deploying and providing the nation's defense around the world. Other ships are in overhaul from Portsmouth, New Hampshire, down to Portsmouth, Virginia, getting ready to rejoin the fleet. And then finally, we've got ships in two shipyards, Electric Boat and Newport News, who are building the newest Virginia class to join the fleet, certainly, in some US submarine force, relevant, delivering the capabilities that the CNO talks about, warfighting first, operating forward, and being ready. So to all the Submariners from here and along the East Coast, open water to you, and good hunting.


The name Haggai means pilgrimage and the book which bears this name was written in the 6th century BCE. Its brief two chapters encourage the faithful remnant of Jews who've returned from exile. God instructs them to rebuild the temple despite drought and other hardships and God promises to overthrow their oppressors and bless them once more.


Hey, what's going on YouTube? My name is John Hammond. This is PicoCTF 2018, some more video write-ups here. So this challenge is called Leakme for 200 points in the binary exploitation category. It says, can you authenticate to this service and get the flag? Connect with this, and you're giving the source code and the binary. So I've downloaded both. I've got them here. Just see source code and a binary. So let's go ahead and mark that binary is executable. And let's go ahead and check out the source code. So they have a flag function that will just simply pop out the flag. Awesome. There is a main function that will allow a buffer to be created and set the permission so we can elevate our privileges once we actually run this on the server. And then it has a real password that it's actually being able to read out with some buffers set up. Looks like it will create these buffers kind of by hand with memset and it will ask, what is our name? Then we'll try and read our name with the length of the name, right? So 256. And interestingly enough, what it does here is it tries to check for the very end of our name based off where the new line is. So once we hit enter, it'll read in that new line. And if it goes ahead and finds that, if it finds the position, what it will do is it will go ahead and set that to a null byte character. If it's not there, then it will just say, okay, it's totally fine how it is. It will ignore it. So that's peculiar thing. And that is where our potential vulnerability lead will be. Then it says, please enter the password. It will go ahead and open up the password and display it if it actually has it available. And an interesting thing is we could take advantage of this locally, because we're actually seeing some string compares being used between the password and the real password. And otherwise, if we get the right password, it'll give us the flag. So let's go ahead and try this, right? If we wanted to run this locally, we totally could. Let's say auth, what my name? John Hammond, I'm just kidding. My name is please subscribe. Password file is missing. So if we were to create a password.text, please subscribe again. Then we could run this. Say John, and then hello, John, please enter the password. Anything, which we know was wrong. And it'll say incorrect password. If we check this out with Ltrace, we could see all this stuff happening. So if I said F gets what's my name, John, please enter the password. Anything, we would see it actually do the string compare and we could find the password. However, we don't have shell connectivity in this challenge. We can't really run Ltrace in the binary. All we have is this net cat to a connection. But we found peculiar thing where we were able to leak out the password potentially if we just don't have a null byte character that ends our name variable. So we got to keep in mind our name variable is 256 characters long. So if we actually fill out all of those and it won't be able to place a null byte character or terminate that position there, that string, we will potentially read out the next variable on the stack, which is password, right? Password is actually going to have that null byte so it'll properly display the string if we actually were to overwrite the one name. So we could leak out the password just like that. Let's go ahead and try it. We will need about 256 characters of anything, right? So all of these will give that to our auth, we read it and it will say the password that we already have literally just stored in password.text. So that's peculiar thing, right? We could go ahead and pipe that to the connection and we'll leak out what the password should be. So now that we know that, we can go ahead and actually interact with this service for real, give it any name, please sub, enter the password that we know and we get the flag. So just like that, cool, cool thing. What I'm gonna do is actually display this in a get flag script. I'll just enter the password within user line and stuff like that. So we'll read those out. Nope, what was wrong there? Oh, the dollar sign. So let's use a single quote. Works, let's get tail tech and one, gotcha. And that is our get flag script. I use print app so I could use the new line characters. You could just as easily use two like commands of echo and put them together and brand the season semicolons. I know I've done that before too, but it's whatever you're particularly comfortable with. I suppose it really doesn't matter. More than one way to skin a flag, skin a cat, skin a flag. That's the only thing that's how you say it, John. Skin a cat and Linux, cool. And we've got that challenge done and over with 200 more points on the board. Next challenge is called Now You Don't, which is not too difficult. So I'm gonna actually just bang it out in this challenge, in this video here. Let's mark leak me as complete. Sweet. Now let's make directory for Now You See Me. Or Now You Don't, Now You Don't, sorry. Oh, it exists because I probably pre-downloaded it. Yep, so let's check out what we have here. Just a PNG file. Let's check out what it actually is. Looks like a picture of just red. So what challenge is this? It's forensics, whatever. I guess I'd consider this more secondography. What we're gonna use is just kind of actually verifying that that is all red. So I'm gonna go for my Steg Solve tool. Easy, low-hanging fruit. If you don't have it, Google it. You can download it just fine. It's just a jar file. So what I'm gonna do is locate Steg Solve. Let's grab it. Java attack jar to run it. Hit O to open files in the current directory and just say Now You Don't, open the file. So we got red and we can view through all these different planes here. Or all these different ways of viewing the file. Once we get all the way to red plane one or red plane zero, you can see the flag. So let's go ahead and jot that down. Flag.text. Now You See Me. So that's the joke. Now You See Me, Now You Don't. Oh boy, I can't type. Five, three, two, three. Great. And that's that. So we can submit that and we're cruising. Another win. Mark that challenge as complete. And if you wanted to, you could write a simple solution.text. So you just remind yourself what you did to win that and solve that challenge. All right, hey, I want to give a quick shout out to the people that support me on Patreon. Thank you guys so much. I can't say it enough. One dollar a month on Patreon will give you a special shout out just like this at the end of every video. Just to make, I don't know, make you feel good, make you feel happy, make you feel like you're supporting some people that you like or something. If you like me, I don't know. Maybe you don't. I don't know why you watch this video. Five dollars or more on Patreon will give you early access to everything that are released on YouTube before it goes live. So I'd like to try and backlog some content and some videos to gradually release it, but I got to get better at that. Don't let that dissuade you. I appreciate your support and your love. Thank you. If you did like this video, please do like comment and subscribe. Join our Discord server and link in the description. It is a cool community full of CTO players, programmers and hackers. You can hang out with me and other cool people that are way smarter than me. It's an awesome CTF war camp where to be tackling a lot of the upcoming capture flag competitions and just looking at a lot of resources like war games over the wire, under the wire, Pico CTF 2017-2018 just to get better to learn and that's what it's all about, learning. So please do come hang out. Appreciate it. Hope to see you on Patreon. Hope to see you in the next video. Love you guys.


1. What if the browser history was deleted? The Encognito mode was used for private browsing. The user reinstalled or uninstalled the browser. For example, you need to know about their online activities. To view all this information, run Hetman Internet Spine. In the welcome screen, start the analysis and wait until the program finds all users of this system. You can see all browsers installed on this computer. Click to select a browser for analysis. You should start learning about user activity online from the tab History, total time spent, website category, and a special mark showing that this piece of information was deleted from the browser history. You can filter and sort the results by any category.


Mutual presents the Mysterious Traveller. This is the Mysterious Traveller, inviting you to join me on another journey into the realm of the strange and the terrifying. I hope you will enjoy the trip, that it will thrill you a little and chill you a little. So settle back, get a good grip on your nerves and be comfortable, if you can. As you hear the story I call, Murder in Jazz Time. Tonight we're going to delve into the strange and confusing events in the life of Alexander Drake. But what person can tell you of these events better than Alex Drake himself? As our story begins, Drake is seated at a small table staring at several blank sheets of writing paper. Suddenly he picks up a pen, hesitates, and starts to write. I scarcely know at what point to begin telling of the things that have happened to me these past months. I suppose I should begin with Vicki, Vicki who I have loved ever since we were children. If my love was never returned by her, I was condemned to wait ever hopeful that someday she would reciprocate my feelings. We saw a great deal of each other after she graduated college and I watched with interest as she embarked upon a singing career. Success came to Vicki quickly and smoothly as all things did. She sang with several name bands and then became a star attraction at the Swankier nightclubs. Several years passed and then one night as I had always dreamed of it happening, she agreed to marry me. That was the happiest moment of my life. A week later we were married and driving to New Orleans on our honeymoon. Happy, darling? Oh, yes, Alex, yes. No regrets about giving up your career? None at all. Oh, it's good of you to say that, Vicki. I'll try to make it up to you. Oh, no really, Alex. Giving up my career isn't any sacrifice for a long time now. I've known that I wasn't very good. Not very good. You were getting $1,000 a week at the Casablanca and look at the way your recordings are selling. Oh, let's face it, Alex, I have a nice voice. I'm fairly attractive and thanks to fine publicity I've come a long way, but I'm not really a very good singer. Oh, nonsense. I think you're a wonderful singer. That's because you're in love with me, darling, but I know better. Take for example that recording of Easy Living that I made. That was one of the best things you ever did. Yes, Alex, it was. But have you ever heard the recording that Billie Holiday made of that number? No, I don't think I have. Well, if you had heard it, you'd know the difference between good singing and really great singing. You mean she was so much better? Yes, Alex. And if I can't be a top blue singer, then I won't sing at all. Oh, Vicki, you're young yet. It takes time. No, Alex. You either have it or you don't. I see. Is that why you decided to give up your career? You mean me? Yes, darling. I'm glad you told me. Oh, look, Vicki, that sign, only 37 miles to New Orleans. Oh, wonderful. At last I'm going to see New Orleans. You don't know how long I've waited for this. Why all this enthusiasm for New Orleans? Why, Alex, New Orleans is the birthplace of jazz. Think of all the great musicians and singers who've come from there and the wonderful jazz they've created. Like Willie Johnson, Bertha Hill, and Jack Simmons. And just think, Jeff Becker is still a New Orleans and we can hear him play. He's the fellow that owns the famous Waterfront Café, isn't he? Oh, Alex, Jeff Becker isn't famous because he owns a café. Why, he's one of the great names of jazz. Many critics think he's the finest jazz pianist who ever lived. Forgive my ignorance, darling. I'm afraid I'm just a long hair at heart. Tell me, if this fellow, Jeff Becker, is as great as you say, how come I haven't heard more about him? Because he's always refused to leave New Orleans. He's had some fabulous offers to play in New York, but he's turned them all down. That's why he isn't widely known. But real lovers of jazz come from all over the country to hear Jeff Becker play at his café. Well, then I guess there isn't any question as to where we're going tonight. Jeff Becker as it is. An hour later, we were in New Orleans and registered at a hotel. Early that evening, Vicki and I had supper at Antoine's. And then we left for Jeff Becker's café. As we drove, Vicki was unable to hide the excitement, she felt. Jeff Becker's café turned out to be a long, rambling, shabby building with a balcony that ran the length of it and hung over the river. The inside of the café was as unpretentious as the outside. There were 40 ancient tables or so, a small bandstand and an equally small dance floor. A mahogany bar ran the length of one wall with a long mirror behind it, reflecting the shabbiness of the café. As we were seated, a few musicians began to drift in and take their places on the bandstand. Vicki whispered excitedly to me the names of the musicians whom she seemed to know without ever having seen before. And suddenly Vicki clutched at my arm. Alex, look. There's Jeff Becker. Where? There he is, walking towards the piano. That little sandy-haired man? Yes. That's Jeff Becker. I stared at him and felt somewhat disappointed. For no good reason whatsoever, my imagination had led me to see Jeff Becker as an impressive-looking individual. Whereas in reality, he was a slight man, being no more than five feet five, with a plain, undistinguished-looking face. He looked a good deal younger than the 50 he was reputed to be. There were two very attractive-looking women with him, both of whom followed his every move as he sat down at his piano. The talk and the laughter in the café died out, and Jeff Becker and his men began to play. As Jeff Becker played, the disappointment I'd felt about him fast-lifted me. As he sat there at the piano playing smoothly, effortlessly, he was no longer a small, slight man with a plain face. There was a warmth and greatness about him, and even I, who was no lover of jazz, could sense the genius of Jeff Becker. Yes, Becker, he is. He really is. Alex, look. He's coming this way. Yes, he seems to be coming to our table. Good evening, Miss Saunders. Welcome to New Orleans. Why, thank you, Mr. Becker. Thank you very much. Just call me Jeff. Only tourists call me Mr. Becker. All right, Jeff. Oh, this is my husband, Alex Drake. Glad to meet you. How do you do? Won't you join us? Sorry, no. I only have a minute. The boys and me got some playing to do. I've heard Brown Bee Boogie play it before, but never as wonderfully as you do it. Thanks very much, Biggie. How did you know who I was? I've seen pictures of you. Have you ever heard my wife sing, Jeff? Yes, I have. Well, I gotta be getting back to work. It's been nice meeting you, folks. See you around. Yes, of course. An abrupt sort of fellow, isn't it? He was being tactful, darling, not abrupt. He was afraid you might ask him what he thought of my singing. Well, what's wrong with my asking him that? Oh, nothing. Only it would have made Jeff Becker unhappy to have told you the truth about my singing. Well, anyway, I still think you're great. Thank you, darling. Oh, look. They're going to play now. We sat listening to the magic of Jeff Becker's music for hours. When I suggested to Vicki that we leave, she refused, insisting that we remain until closing time, which was four in the morning. The next evening found us once again at Jeff's cafe, and again, we remained until closing. Try as I might. I couldn't get Vicki interested in the sights of New Orleans and the fascinating swamp country nearby. Night after night, despite my protests, we would end up at Jeff's cafe. Life to Vicki came to revolve around these nightly visits, and all else seemed unreal to her. Soon, even I lost track of time. Weeks passed, and then one night at closing time, Jeff Becker came over to our table for the first time since the night we'd met. Howdy, folks. Glad to see you're still with us. Hello, Jeff. Well, how do you folks like New Orleans? Having a good time? Frankly, we've seen very little of New Orleans outside of this cafe. Well, just between us. There ain't very much more to see. I agree. Oh, dear, it's closing time already. No sooner do we get here than it's time to go home. Well, if you'd like to hear more music, why not stay on? The boys and me always have a small session after closing hours. Well, thanks very much, Jeff. But I'm afraid that we really must be... Oh, we'd love to stay on, Jeff. It's wonderful of you to ask us. Glad to have you. See you around. Vicki, enough is enough. We've been here since 9 o'clock. Alex, you don't understand. It's an honor to have Jeff ask you to stay on. Few people get that invitation. Well, I'm duly appreciative, believe me. But seven hours is enough of this place for one night. Now come along, Vicki. Let's go back to the hotel. No, I want to stay for this session. Vicki, I think I've been more than reasonable. Coming here night after night for weeks. Now it's about time I got my way. I insist we leave. I won't go. I tell you, I'm staying here. If you want to go back to the hotel, don't let me keep you.  The shock of that moment was like a revelation. Suddenly, I realized that Vicki had changed. That I was losing her. Her face as she listened to the music was like the faces of the musicians. And Jeff Becker's himself. Their emotion laid bare. My turns ecstatic, impassioned, unresisting. I was an outsider looking in on a way of life of which I could never be part. The lateness of the hour, the smoke-filled room and my confused thoughts were too much for me. And I fell asleep with my head on the table. I have no idea how long I slept. But when I awoke, it was daylight. I became aware of a woman singing. I looked up. I saw it was Vicki. Vicki standing by the piano, singing to Jeff Becker. This is a dance. I don't know, Vicki. What's wrong? Hard to say. Oh. Vicki, jazz was born in these parts. And it came from the people. The people worked on the levees, the river sidewells. And in the fields, it was part of the bone and flesh of old-timers like Willie Johnson and Joe Fletcher. They played jazz the way it was in their hearts. A singer like Chippy Hill just stepped up, clapped her hands, and gave out with the blues. That's what made it great. They played and sang as they felt. I see. Second-rate musicians picked up something that was fine and clean and took it to the big cities in the north. But they weren't playing for the sake of music. They were playing for greenbacks. And is that what's wrong with my singing? Pray so.  And they all taught you to sing by the book. It may be popular, but it ain't good. Do you think it's too late to go back? Hard to say, Vicki. Do you want to start all over? Oh, yes, Jeff, yes. Would you let me stay on here and sing with your band? Well, if you feel. No, Vicki. Alex. You're not singing with the band. We're leaving New Orleans at once. Alex, be reasonable. You know it. It's no use, Vicki. We're leaving New Orleans today, and that's final. I'll get your suitcases from the closet, Vicki, so that you can start packing.  Not only am I staying, but I'm going to sing with Jeff Becker's band. Vicki, are you blind? Can't you see what's happening? You're losing all sense of perception, of values. Life to you has come to mean only Jeff Becker's cafe. I don't care. That's where I belong, where I really feel alive. If you love jazz, felt about it the way I do. You'd understand. I do understand, but there are other things besides Jeff Becker and his music. Not for me, there aren't. Now, here's a suitcase, start packing. It's no use, Alex. I'm not leaving. You will have to choose between Jeff Becker and myself, Vicki. Well, I'm sorry it's come to this, Alex, but I'm still going to sing with Jeff Becker's band. It was at that moment I knew that I had lost Vicki. As she turned away from me, an overwhelming hatred for Jeff Becker surged up within me. Had he been in the room at that moment, I would have killed him without any hesitation. I left the hotel, walked the streets of New Orleans. I knew that Vicki would never be mine as long as Jeff Becker were alive. And I also knew that I couldn't go on without Vicki. There was only one answer. I returned to the hotel, told Vicki I would remain in New Orleans with her. Night after night, we continued going to that waterfront cafe. And each night after the place had closed, Vicki would sing with a band. As I listened to Vicki sing, even I, who knew very little of music, could sense that her singing was superb. The musicians in the band looked at her approvingly and accepted her as one of themselves. Under Jeff Becker's almost hypnotic guidance, she sang with warmth and feeling. As much as I hated Jeff Becker, I couldn't help but admire his genius for bringing out talent. The music ended. And Jeff rose from the piano and patted Vicki on the shoulder encouragingly. He left the bandstand and started walking through the cafe towards his office in the back. This was the moment I had long waited for. I quickly eased out of my chair, which was in a darkened part of the cafe, and slipped out into the balcony. I then ran quietly along the balcony until I reached the French door that opened into Jeff Becker's office. I got there just as Jeff sat down at his desk. He was alone. I opened the door and stepped into his office. Oh, hello, Alex. What can I do for you? I've come for my wife. Your wife? But Vicki isn't in here. Vicki is wherever you are. And I can't have that, Jeff. She's got to be mine. She is yours. You know that. No, no. She belongs to you now. She said as much. As long as you're alive, Vicki will never be mine. I know that. You're wrong, Alex. Believe me. It's mutual. She's got to be mine. She's got to be. I felt Jeff's body go limp in my hands. And I knew he was dead. I quickly picked up his slight body in my arms and carried it out the balcony. There was no one in sight. I leaned over the balcony rail and dropped Jeff's body. It fell into the river with a small splash and was gone. I quietly walked to the other end of the balcony and slipped into my seat in the darkened cafe. The musicians and Vicki were still on the bandstand talking. And I knew they hadn't missed me during the few minutes I'd been gone. The ordeal was over. A week passed. And Jeff Becker's disappearance was the talk of New Orleans. The police questioned everyone, but were unable to solve the mystery. Vicki was inconsolable and locked herself in her room at the hotel, refusing to see anyone. Who is it? Salix, darling. Please let me in. Darling, you can't stay in your room like this day after day. You know it isn't good for you. Vicki, let's leave New Orleans.  No, I'm going to wait until Jeff comes back. Vicki, Jeff isn't coming back. What? What do you mean? A body was found floating in the gulf this morning. The police think it's Jeff's body. Oh, no! After a week in the water, naturally, it was hard to identify. Jeff! Yes, darling. It's in all the papers. Oh! You mustn't cry, darling. Here, let me wipe your tears. Don't you think it would be better if we left New Orleans? Anything you say. A few days later, we were back in New York. There was snow on the ground, and the air was invigorating. What had happened in New Orleans seemed like a dream, a bad dream. At first, Vicki was melancholy, but as days passed, she grew better, and I felt confident that in time she'd be her old self. We saw all the shows in town and dined at the finest restaurants, and then one night I took her to Carnegie Hall to hear the Philharmonic Orchestra. Here, darling, here's a program. Thank you. Oh, I see they're going to play the Rock Mononoff first piano concerto with Andre Duvales soloist. You've always liked that concerto, haven't you? Yes, Alex. Look, Duvales just come up on stage. Young, isn't it? Yes, he is. Happy? Alex, they're going to play now. As I sat there in that great concert hall listening to the orchestra, I became aware of discordant playing. I looked at Vicki at other concert doors, but none seemed aware of it. The discordancy grew, and then suddenly I realized it wasn't the music of Rock Mononoff I was hearing, it was the music of Jeff Becker being played faster and faster, louder and louder. I walked the impulse to scream out. As I put my hands to my ears, I became aware of my arm being shaken. It was Vicki. Alex, what's the matter with you? Vicki, the music, listen to it. Alex, be quiet. Everyone is looking at us. I can't stand it anymore. Let's go out of here. All right, Alex, but please be quiet. Everybody's looking at us. Hurry, Vicki, hurry. Goodness, I can't hear it anymore. What's gone? The music. Alex, you aren't making any sense. We came to the concert to hear music. What's wrong with you? Wrong. Nothing, nothing at all. I just suddenly felt ill in there and had to get out. Perhaps we'd better see a doctor. You look so pale. No, no, I'm all right now. Are you sure? Yes, yes. Let's go home now, Vicki. All the way home, I kept thinking of the amazing hallucination I'd had. Obviously, it was the result of the mental strain I had undergone in New Orleans. But with sufficient rest and relaxation, I would soon forget the horrible events that had occurred there. Arriving home, I went to bed but found it difficult to fall asleep. Hours later, I drifted off into an uneasy sleep. And then I started dreaming. I dreamt that I was in Jeff Becker's cafe and the only people there were Jeff and myself. He was seated at the piano playing, smiling at me. I walked over to the bandstand and he spoke to me. Hello, Alex. How do you like this number? Pretty good for a dead man, huh? You can't play if you're dead. Yes, I can, Alex. You hear my music, don't you? Yes, I do. You're always going to hear it, Alex. Always because my music will never die, even if you did kill me. It'll go on and on. No, stop! No! I don't want to hear it! Stop! Alex, wake up! Alex, wake up! Wake up! Alex, Alex, what is it? What is it? You were having a nightmare.  Yes, I remember now. What were you dreaming about? New Orleans. New Orleans? Yes.  I'm all right. I'm all right, I said to her. But I wasn't. That was the beginning of a series of nightmares and hallucinations in which I heard Jeff Becker playing that accursed music of his. When an attack came, I would flee from room to room, pressing my fingers against my ears. But there was no escape. I could hear the rhythmic pounding of Jeff Becker's music in my head, drawing louder and louder, relentlessly hammering away. I knew that it would only be a question of time before he'd don't be mad. I fought for my sanity. Good morning, Mr. Drake. How are you feeling today? Oh, I see you've done quite a bit of writing. Good. I'm glad you followed my suggestion. It's all written down, Doctor. Everything that happened to me. It's fine, Mr. Drake. I'm sure it'll be of great help to both of us. Do you feel in the mood for a visitor? A visitor? Yes, your wife. Yes, I'd like to see Vicki. She's just outside. I'll have her come in. Will you come in, now, Mr. Drake? Hello, Alex. How are you, darling? Vicki. It's good to see you again and have you near me. Oh, Alex. Dr. Mitchell says that you're much better. Yes, yes. I'm much better. Doctor, will you tell him? Yes, Mr. Drake. Tell me what?  That's it. Now, what I'm going to tell you will come as a shock. But I'm hopeful it'll rid you of the hallucinations you suffer from. Yes, Doctor. Mr. Drake, you did not murder Jeff Becker. But I did. I did. I choked him until he was dead. And then I threw him into the river. And now, Mr. Drake, Jeff Becker was not dead when you threw him into the river. He was only unconscious, and the water revived him. His body made a splash, a small splash. Jeff Becker is alive. He was picked up by a fishing trawler going to sea. Do you understand, Mr. Drake? Jeff Becker is alive. Will you come in, please? I didn't want to do it. But he made me. Hello, Alex. How are you? No. Put your music. It goes on and on. I can't get away from your music. It follows me everywhere. Doctor, can't you do something? I'm afraid we've failed again. This feeling of giving overwhelming. However, we've shot you up. It's getting louder. It's louder than I can escape from it. Stop it. Stop it. This is the mysterious trawler again. Too bad about poor Alex, wasn't it? It just goes to prove you may be able to escape the law. But there's always your conscience to reckon with. But what happened to Alex? Oh, he finally responded to medical treatment. And today, he and Vicki are a very happy couple. However, there are still two things Alex can't stand. Jazz and the sight of rivers. He's strictly a long hair these days. Now, I recall another young man once who decided that two murders are better than one. It's so... Oh, you have to get off here. I'm sorry. But I'm sure we'll meet again. I take this same train every week at the same time. You have just heard the mysterious trawler, a series of dramas of the strange and terrifying. All characters in tonight's story were fictitious and any resemblance to the names of actual persons was purely coincidental. In tonight's cast were Maurice Toplund, Frank Behrens, Joan Alexander, and John Gibson. All recordings heard in this program were played by Ms. Hazel Scott and may be found in her latest album, Great Scott. Organ music was played by Paul Taubman, sound by George Cooney, broadcast engineer, Al King. The mysterious trawler is written, produced and directed by Robert J. Arthur and David Cogan. Listen next week to a tale titled... The Little Man Who Wasn't There. Another strange and suspenseful tale of the mysterious trawler. This program has come to you from our New York studios. Another program of tense and dramatic action will follow in just a minute. Stay tuned to the station for official detective. Carl Caruso speaking, this is the Mutual Broadcasting System.


Electric, gas, water, sewer, telephone, cable TV. Just about every road and street in the country has utility installations nearby. Overhead, on the surface, underground. The relationship between roadways and utilities isn't accidental. In fact, state and local laws require that public and private utilities be accommodated on highway and street rights of way. Because utilities are so closely connected with roads, any work involving the installation of new facilities, or the repair or adjustment of existing ones, naturally affects the roadways, especially when it occurs beneath the pavement. Local highway agencies, of course, would prefer to minimize utility cuts in their roads and streets. You can't blame them for not wanting to see the pavements and road beds cut into and the local traffic disrupted. But that's what's required if we want to see our utility services maintained and improved. This two-part presentation from the local technical assistance program, LTAP, focuses on utility cuts in paved roads, making them effectively and safely, with as little disruption of travel and commerce as possible, and without leaving behind a defective roadway. To achieve this, there's need for a partnership among all interested parties, government agencies, utility companies, contractors, and the public. Now the problem with utility cuts, as viewed by the experts, is twofold. The first part of the problem is poor methods of making and restoring utility cuts. For example, poor quality backfill materials and improper placement and compaction procedures can lead to subgrade settlement. Another example, shoddy pavement repair produces a ragged, bumpy road surface. The result of poor work methods is a rougher ride for motorists, and, perhaps, damage to vehicles, more frequent accidents, greater road maintenance costs, and maybe even shortened pavement life. The second part of the problem is poor management of utility cuts, including deficient communication and coordination between utility and agency, problems in locating, marking, and avoiding incidents with existing utility facilities, faulty work planning and scheduling, and inadequate traffic control. To address these problems, we'll look at ways for local agencies to improve utility cut work methods and management. We'll focus first on utility coordination and control, then locating existing utilities, traffic control, pavement cutting, excavation, backfilling, surface restoration, and site cleanup. The coordination and control of utility cuts is affected by who performs the work. In the simplest, most direct cases, a local public works agency is in charge of both the street maintenance and the utility service. Coordination and control in such cases ought to be clear cut, easy and effective, an internal matter within a single organization. More often, however, the coordination must take place between the government agency and a private or public utility company. But still the question can be asked, who performs the work? Utility companies can do it all, including patching the pavement after the utility work is completed, or they can contract the patching to a company more specialized in pavement work. Yet another scenario is for the government agency to perform the repairs, with either its own forces or a contractor that it hires, and then build the utilities for the work. In all cases, nevertheless, the government agency retains the ultimate responsibility, regardless of who actually does the work, local agencies can use several means to ensure that utility cuts are properly made and restored. First, a permit process makes it clear who is in charge of the local roads and streets. Permit information tells an agency who will cut into a road or street, for what reason, at what location, when the opening will be made, and how long the surface will be open. The permit form itself may be simple or comprehensive, depending on the agency's structure. Permits may stipulate requirements for work methods and materials, work hours, safety measures, and other issues. They bind the utility to comply with conditions that the agency deems important. The agency may charge anywhere from no fee at all to one of several hundred dollars to cover as little as handling costs only, or as much as inspection services and restoration work that it may provide. Another means for ensuring that utility cuts are properly made is a performance or surety bond, required of utilities by the local agency. The bond's value should be enough to cover the cost for the government to complete or correct the work if the utility's performance is deficient or incomplete. Agencies may hold such bonds for one to three years, or require utilities to maintain standing bonds so that one is not needed for each new cut. Agencies should furthermore require that the utility have comprehensive public liability and property damage insurance, naming the agency as additional insured. Finally, another way of ensuring that utilities make utility cuts properly is through specifications, ones that guide both the utility's work and the agency's inspection of it. In particular, the specifications should emphasize work quality, promptness of performance, safety measures for workers, motorists, and pedestrians, the appearance of the completed patch, the smoothness of the patch surface, the endurance of the patch, and penalties for non-compliance. Another means used by some agencies is a one-year maintenance agreement or warranty. Typically, these stipulate the circumstances under which corrective work is needed and indicate who should do it. Utility identification markings are a good idea. The agency should have each utility paint its company ID in the proper color code on the curb or pavement next to the patch and maintain it there for one year. This way, the agency will know who is responsible for any settlement or failure. Inspection of utility cut work and the restored pavement surface can assure the agency that the specifications are complied with. Still, the agency's policies and procedures should make it clear that inspections in no way relieve the utility owner of responsibility to the general public or of liability for loss, damage, or injury to persons or property. Finally, communication is indispensable in ensuring that utilities perform their work properly. Besides covering standard procedures and written specifications, codes, and policies, agencies should establish procedures for handling emergencies, who to contact and what cases and how to do so. In addition, local utility coordinating committees should be formed by utility and agency personnel so that they can get acquainted with each other, discuss plans and problems, and coordinate activities during regularly scheduled meetings. Now, locating existing utilities. Most states have laws requiring anyone who intends to excavate to first find out what underground utility facilities are in the area where digging will be done. These need to be located as accurately as possible and temporarily marked on the surface as a guide to the excavator. Such precautions are aimed not only at safeguarding the underground facilities, but also at protecting workers and anyone else in the vicinity. Good morning, Mrs. Michichiro. The all lines are being recorded. My name is Joanne. May I help you? Nearly all states have one call systems in place to serve all parties interested in knowing what's in the ground. Basically, one phone call can initiate a process in which the underground facilities at an excavation site are identified, located, and marked. Information on other utility locating systems can be obtained from your Technology Transfer Center. Individual utility companies or specialized locating services then consult plans or other records for the specified locale. Alignments and depths shown there, however, are often approximate. So, in the field, the locator uses sophisticated equipment to find all buried facilities and mark on the surface their locations, any changes of direction, widths, if more than 50 millimeters, and endpoints. To increase visibility, temporary survey stakes or flags should be placed to supplement the surface marks. All temporary markings or markers should indicate the name, initials, or logo of the company that owns or operates the facility. A uniform color code has been developed by the Utility Location and Coordination Council of the American Public Works Association to mark various categories of utilities. This pocket card from APWA contains guidelines for uniform temporary marking of underground facilities, including the uniform color code. Red for electric power lines, cables, conduit, and lighting cables. Yellow for gas, oil, steam, petroleum, or gaseous materials. Orange for communication, alarm, or signal lines, cables, or conduit. Blue for water, irrigation, and slurry lines. And green for sewers and drain lines, where several facilities lie close together, using the color code makes markings distinguishable and understandable to all. All utility work, whether done in the roadway or on the roadside, calls for serious attention to traffic control. Pave and openings, of course, involve lane closures. Most roads or streets cannot be entirely closed to traffic. So even when full-width crossings must be made, they're done incrementally to allow one or more lanes to remain open for traffic. The key references to traffic control procedures and devices are, first of all, the MUTCD, the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. It's the nationwide standard. Second, the local government agency may have additional policies or procedures that must be complied with. If so, utilities and contractors should get familiar with them and integrate them into their practices. In addition, pocket guides, such as this one, based on the MUTCD's requirements, show how to apply traffic controls in various typical locations and situations. The traffic control for each utility cut must be well thought out and set up before any work begins. The planning should be done in terms of a work zone, not merely a work site. A whole work zone consists of different areas, each with its own purpose and requirements. First comes the advanced warning area, designed to tell traffic what to expect ahead, the type of work, its location relative to the road, the need to change lanes, the presence of one or more flaggers. The transition area follows the advanced warning area and precedes the work area. In this case, a one-lane closure on a low-volume street. The purpose of a transition area is to move traffic out of its normal path. In higher speed work zones, a buffer area often comes next. It's intended to provide protection for both traffic and workers. Then comes the work area itself, bordered by channelizing devices. Finally, a termination area lets traffic resume normal driving. Traffic signs and other devices should be the appropriate types, sizes, and colors for the work. In reasonably good condition, set up in the correct locations and spaced properly. Signs used at night must be retro-reflective or be lighted. To be effective, signs and devices must be maintained in place and in good condition. They need to be checked frequently to see if they've been knocked down or otherwise moved out of position. If so, they should be put back promptly. Any that have lost their visibility should be cleaned up or replaced. When a sign's message no longer applies, it's important to cover it or remove it from view. This is a common shortcoming with utility work. For example, a utility work-ahead sign left in place after the work is done. Or a flagger-ahead sign when no flagger is to be found.  And speaking of flaggers, when one or more are needed, they should be properly attired and equipped. And use standard flagging procedures to direct motorists. Temporary control measures may be needed to reduce traffic disruption. For example, steel plates could be used to open lanes to traffic even before trenches are backfilled and pavements are repaired. Steel plates that lie flat, having all edges and corners in contact with the underlying pavement, tend to stay put by themselves. After all, they are rather heavy. But often, steel plates are a little warped, or the pavement surface beneath them is irregular. Typically, you see and hear some rocking. Not only does this tend to startle motorists and give them an uneasy feeling, but the constant noise can really get on the nerves of nearby residents. Furthermore, rocking plates tend to migrate due to the action of tires. Enough movement, and they run the risk of no longer bridging the utility cut completely. To avoid this, some local agencies require that steel plates be fastened to the pavements to keep them from drifting. One anchoring method is to drive pins into the pavement through pre-cut holes in the plates, while another is to drive pins around plate edges. Some agencies place asphalt mix around plate edges in an attempt to secure the plates. But this rarely works when they're severe rocking. A better purpose for this mix is to form ramps to lessen the bumps created by plates. Be sure, though, that not too much mix is placed around the edges, or else worse bumps will be formed. On some streets or roads, the average daily traffic may require same-day patches, one lane at a time. In other cases, the work may only be done on certain days or within certain hours. Including, sometimes, restrictions that utility cuts be made only during nighttime hours. All in the cause of reducing traffic disruptions. This is the end of Part 1 of Utility Cuts in Paved Roads. Take a break before continuing with Part 2.


Now, this model is even more Earth-like than the previous two. There's two big differences here. This model doesn't have a core in it at all. And also, you need to have a little bit of imagination here because what I'm hoping to have you think about is that you've got this gradation from dark to light that's smooth. I know you can see rings here, but pretend they're not there. So, what this model would show is if the Earth only had a mantle and it successfully got denser and denser and denser and denser and denser from the outside to the inside, therefore the waves would be transmitted faster and faster and faster. Now, the effect of this would be to make the rape heads curved because at each layer, it's boundary, the waves would still have to obey Snell's law and refract. But if each layer is infinitely thin, then mathematically that ends up being a curve. So, let me just draw some sample waves. Here is an earthquake right here, and so rape heads would curve like this or like that or like this, for example. Anything that went straight down would just head straight through the middle, but that's the only path that would be exactly the same as the analogous path in homogeneous Earth. Every other one curves. You might want to look back at the previous sketches to see the difference between these rape heads and the rape heads that went through homogeneous Earth or even one that just had a couple of layers at the top.


Drugs comes to families, comes to businesses, comes all over. And it's come to us this time. So we have to walk through all the necessary steps and do what we need to do to make sure this doesn't happen again. And people know we're dealing with it in the right way and in the proper way. We're re-in the city policies right now to make sure that we follow those policies that were set in place to be followed at a time like this. And that's the reason you have policies to follow back on and make sure everything's followed the way it was set out before.


Are you suffering from hair loss? Are you gaining weight? Do you have poor tolerance to heat or cold? You might have an undiagnosed thyroid issue, and even those that do see doctors tend to get blanket treated with synthetic thyroid hormone such as Synthroid, but taking a medication isn't going to alleviate an inflammatory lifestyle. The two most common diagnoses for thyroid issues are Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease, which is hyperthyroid, overactive thyroid, and hypothyroid, underactive thyroid. Both of these are caused by autoimmunity, where the body attacks itself, in this case, the thyroid. Autoimmunity is caused by inflammatory factors in the diet and lifestyle. Doctors will tell you it's genetic, but that is what justifies them to give you medications and do procedures. Thyroid issues are more prevalent in women, as they're more susceptible to iodine deficiency due to them having breast tissue, and estrogen has an effect on thyroid function, reducing the effectiveness of certain hormones produced by the thyroid. Some of you might have heard that low carb might make this issue worse, whether you're following a ketogenic diet or a carnivore diet, and there might be some truth to this, but what's more likely is that your thyroid issues were going under the radar when you were following a standard American diet, because there were so many other negative health issues you were suffering from from being on a standard American diet. That being said, you could have all of these issues and it might not be your thyroid. It could be your adrenals. It could be your pituitary. There's many overlapping things that manifest themselves from modern problems. That being said, the things we're going over today will likely fix whatever issues you're having even if your thyroid isn't the root cause. This video is definitely not inclusive to someone that thinks they have a hypothetical thyroid problem. I really want to emphasize that point. There are a lot of issues that people can suffer from that manifest themselves in similar ways, and you really want to identify the root cause, what the true problem was. That also includes blood work. A lot of doctors will test your thyroid hormones, but you have to do a full thyroid write-up to really figure out what's going on. Most doctors aren't going to be testing for TPO antibodies, thyroid, anti-thoracoglobulin activity, RT3, TBG, TSI. These things can tell you if there are estrogen mimicers in your lifestyle if you do have a thyroid issue, because your TSH could be completely normal for 10, 15 years and your problems will be undiagnosed by the average medical doctor. Unfortunately, most doctors aren't up to date on the current medical literature. That has to do with information from medical school being outdated dozens of years. And even if you do find a good doctor, a specialist, those people tend to be booked out months in advance. It's why people like me and you tend to have to self-diagnose our own issues and do a lot of research online. And those same doctors will tell you that, oh, your thyroid issues are stress, it's on your head, it's psychological, and yeah, when my liver was turning into a solid chunk of iron, the doctors I was going to were telling me that it was all psychological. However, there is some truth to stress. I personally believe stress equals a high EMF environment. If you're living in a city, if you're at work, these people tend to be around, cell phones, Wi-Fi, lots of low-level electromagnetic fields that are non-native to humans. It's not something we're supposed to be exposed to. When you go into an x-ray, you put on a lead vest. A cell phone is essentially a low-level x-ray.  I'm sure many of you have anecdotal stories where you go on vacation and you feel a lot better. It's not because of the stress. It's because where you went on vacation was a low EMF environment. There were no cell phones, no cell towers, much lower levels of these fields. You may also have heavy metals present in your diet or lifestyle. The amount of heavy metals in your body like iron, aluminum, mercury, amygam filings from past dental work can make you more sensitive to these fields. It's also very genetically based. Some people are far more sensitive to it than others. The solution to this is obviously remove those heavy metals, make sure you're following a balanced diet, and turn electronics off at night if possible. This is huge and just reducing EMF in the environment tends to fix most people's health issues, believe it or not. This is definitely overlooked by most people, but it is the most important thing to address in your lifestyle. Then we have the diet. Most people are familiar with common inflammatory culprits, refined foods, certain grains, vegetable seed oils. Those cause inflammation from an input standpoint where as too much sugar can cause dysbiosis, overgrowth of bad gut bacteria, as well as spike insulin, which leads to inflammation. You can also have certain anti-nutrients such as lectins, phytic acid that can contribute to leaky gut, furthering inflammation. Chances are you've been following a high carbohydrate diet for a period of time and you would benefit from restricting them in some capacity, but this doesn't necessarily mean go full carnivore. That being said, thyroid hormones are needed to metabolize carbohydrates, so there can be a lot of inflammatory factors in the diet that do cause autoimmunity, but something more important that is not mentioned often is halogen toxicity. And I learned this from Dr. David Brownstein who has some great research on iodine. Fluoride and chlorine are in our water supply and bromide is in our food supply as well as a bunch of packaged goods.  These elements are in the halogen family and they bind to iodine receptors replacing iodine where it should be. That's why when some people supplement iodine, they report flu-like symptoms or they feel really crappy for a few days to a few weeks. This is actually your body detoxing the halogens that our government has been poisoning us with.   It's completely ridiculous. And obviously, if your thyroid is full of poisonous halogens, it's not going to function properly and your body might attack it. So this is why I suggest people only drink well water, spring water, or a bottled mineral water. And consuming seafood, especially seaweed or shellfish, are great sources of iodine. And there are many trace minerals that work synergistically with iodine, in particular selenium. So you can't just really supplement iodine. It has to be a full lifestyle change. And you want to be careful with this. You don't just want to start supplementing iodine off the bat. What you want to do is you want to remove the halogens from your diet and lifestyle first. And then after a couple of weeks to a couple of months of being certain that you've removed them, then you can start increasing the iodine consumption. Now we can't overlook the nutrient density of the diet in general because hypothetically on paper, if you're getting all the vitamins, minerals, fatty acids your body needs, you should fix all of your health issues. It's just people think they're doing that, but they're missing the few elements that end up being the missing links. If you don't have all of the nutrients the building blocks your body needs, you cannot perform basic metabolic processes. This could be as simple as a B vitamin deficiency. Nutrients that are specifically important to thyroid health are iodine, selenium, vitamin D, and magnesium. Vitamin working synergistically with iodine and magnesium with vitamin D. I recommend using high quality animal foods and getting plenty of sun. Vitamin D can be supplemented as many people don't have access to sunlight or the time to tan every day. Iodine can be supplemented as well under those conditions of halogen toxicity, but really you want to obtain the nutrients in whole food forms because when you supplement you can throw things out of balance and cause other issues that you wish you didn't Third, we want to remove endocrine disruptors, which are estrogen mimickers. Estrogen has been shown to decrease iodine uptake as well as increase cell growth in certain cancers. Birth control taken by women would explain all of the breast cancer, all of the Hashimoto's diagnoses, and that birth control ending up in our water supply would explain the soy boy epidemic. Atrazine is something you guys have heard me talk a lot about. It's an estrogenic herbicide particularly contained in feedlot meat. It's because they spray the corn, the soy, the grasses that they feed to these animals with Atrazine to fatten them up, and that meat when consumed gives you the estrogen, not good. There's also exposure to PCBs, which are chemical compounds that were banned several dozen years ago, yet they still contaminate our environment. These have been shown to reduce thyroid hormone levels. You have polybrominated diphenyl ethers, which is contained in fabrics, plastics, paint, various electronic devices, mattresses, which actually have a similar chemical structure to T4, disrupting thyroid function. You have perchlorate, which is contained in fertilizers and airbags. That inhibits the iodine receptors. You have BPA and fatalates, which is in toys, cosmetics, tubes, food packaging. It's used in buildings and construction. These reduce hormone levels and iodine uptake. You have pesticides, insecticides, fungicides. Some have similar structures to thyroid hormones. There are many different types that have been shown to damage the thyroid in different ways. You have glyphosate, atoxic herbicide, which is also an endocrine disruptor. That's one of the more popular ones. You guys can imagine, there's so many things in our modern food supply, in our lifestyle that are disrupting our thyroid function. It's amazing that anyone has a functioning thyroid. So we have to identify these and remove them from the diet. The best way to do this is really buy food from a local farm, only consume organic foods, avoid plastic as much as possible. Consume a high quality, bottled mineral water, well water, spring water. All of these things are necessary because of what our government has allowed us to consume. So there are a couple of supplements that might help you along the way here. I know we mentioned selenium, we mentioned iodine, we mentioned vitamin D3. Cod liver oil is like a great combination of all of these things. I think if you had like a can or two of cod liver a week, that really might help you alleviate your thyroid issues. It is important to note that the liver is crucial for the activation of thyroid hormone. So using things like ox bile, betaine HDL, taking various digestive enzymes is very important. I mean, you know, if you're doing all these things, if you're reducing EMF in the environment, if you're consuming high quality foods, but your body is so damaged you're not able to process them, you might need a couple of things to help you along the way. So I hope this helps some of you guys out. Again, the three main things to address are, you know, remove the stress from the lifestyle, reduce the EMF in the environment, address the diet, remove the endocrine disruptors. You know, exercise can help to some degree, you know, obviously sleeping better can help to some degree, but addressing all of these things, you know, should improve those aspects as well as, you know, whatever issues you're having here. So thanks again for joining me, guys. If you want to support me further, please check out my book, The Ancestral Indigenous Diet, down in the description below. Of course, guys, please like the video, subscribe if you haven't, definitely hit that bell icon. And above all, if you can share the video, you guys enjoy the rest of your day.