So in this final video for lecture five, it turns out that there is another version of the induction axiom, referred to as the well ordering principle. This one is crafted a little bit differently, so let me first define what a well-ordered set is. So first of all, let S be a partially ordered set. We will properly define this later on. Basically just means that if we have elements X and Y, we could decide if X is less than or equal to Y. We'll define what that is more properly later on, but we've probably seen something like this before. We say that a set is well-ordered if every non-empty subset contains a least element. So if you take any subset of the set, there's always a smallest element inside that set. The natural numbers are a well-ordered set. And so this is called the well-ordering principle. The set of natural numbers is well-ordered. If you take any subset of natural numbers that's non-empty, there always will be a smallest natural number inside of that set. It turns out that the well-ordering principle is equivalent to the induction axiom. The natural numbers, in fact, is the canonical example of a well-ordered set. Well-ordered sets are trying to generalize this principle for the natural numbers. And the well-ordering principle is equivalent to the induction hypothesis on the natural numbers. Now, when I talk about the well-ordering principle for the natural numbers, that is not the same thing as the well-ordering principle for the real numbers. The well-ordering principle in that context is actually for the real numbers is equivalent to the axiom of choice, which is a much deeper mathematical topic that I'm not talking about right here. The well-ordering principle of the natural number is actually just the induction hypothesis. I'm sorry, the induction principle. And the equivalence of the well-ordering principle with the induction principle is really just by showing a statement is true by induction if and only if it's true by looking at the smallest counter-example argument. So what do we mean by the smallest counter-example? Smallest counter-example. We'll do a proof of this in just a second. So this is a proof by contradiction, in which case you're like, if a statement is true for all natural numbers, let's prove this by contradiction. Let's assume the statement's not true for all natural numbers. Well, by the well-ordering principle, if the statement is not true for some natural numbers, there's a smallest natural number where that statement is not true. So the smallest counter-example, okay? The well-ordering principle gives us that. And then you argue that taking your smallest counter-example, that its predecessor as a natural number is also a counter-example, thus violating that we have the smallest counter-example present. And so you can argue logically speaking that this well-ordering principle is equivalent to the induction argument, the induction proofs we did earlier by showing that a smallest counter-example proof is essentially the same argument just in a slightly different direction. So if you're ever asked to prove something by induction, you can try to prove it using the smallest counter-example. And as an example of this, let n be a positive number. Let's prove that the sum of the first in odd integers is equal to n squared. So the sum of one plus three plus five all the way up to two n minus one, that equals n squared. The sum of odd numbers adds up to be a perfect square. So we will prove this, we will prove this using, we'll prove this by smallest counter-example. Let me phrase it that way. By smallest counter-example. Great, how does one do that? So then we talk about that. So like by proof of, by way of contradiction, assume the statement is false. The statement is false, okay? So then by the well-ordering principle, our WAP right here, right? By the well-ordering principle, there exists a smallest counter-example. Let's call it K, a smallest number K. Such that one plus three plus five, going all the way up to two K minus one, this doesn't equal K squared, all right? So we can then kind of check, so we have this smallest counter-example, right? So we can notice like note that K doesn't equal one since, in that situation you get one equals one squared. So the sum of odd integers from one to one is just one, and then one, that's equal to one squared. So K is not one, because that would be sort of like the, that doesn't work here, right? And so then let's consider the number smaller than K, right? So note also that K minus one is less than K, right? And so because of that, since it's smaller than it, that implies that one plus three plus five, all the way up to two times K minus one, plus one, sorry, minus one there, this is equal to K minus one squared. So because K minus one is strictly smaller than K, that means that the statement has to be true for that one because K was the smallest situation where that actually works. And so when you actually start putting these things together then, if you were to take this statement right here, you can see that this thing is gonna be equal to K minus one, K minus one squared, plus two K minus one, because basically if you take the first, the sum of the first few terms here, which is this friend right here, that's gonna equal K minus one squared. And then if we start working through this equation, notice if you foil out the K minus one squared, you get K squared minus two K plus one, plus two K minus one, you're gonna see some cancellation right there, right? Two K, cancels with the two K, the ones cancel, and you're left with just K squared. And so this right here then shows that the K minus one, basically you would see that it's like, oh, it violates that, right? So we get a contradiction at this moment because we assume that K was a counter-example. So this statement didn't happen, right? Equality did not hold right here, but it did, we show that it did, right? And so we got a proof by contradiction. And so therefore the statement holds for all, for all natural numbers, statement holds for all n. And so you can see in this proof, how similar this proof by smallest counter-example feels like an induction proof, right? Because we kind of have an assumption, kind of like the induction hypothesis that follows because of our counter-example. It's not exactly what happens, but the fact that K is the smallest counter-example means its predecessor has the property. So we kind of get our induction hypothesis. Then we show that because this statement holds, it holds for K, which gives us a counter-example because K was the smallest counter-example. Why did we show, why did we show that K couldn't equal one? Well, the reason we show that K didn't equal one is because in our original assumption, K was supposed to be a positive number. So is K minus one positive or negative? Well, if K is bigger than one, then K minus one will be positive. So we had to kind of do this initial case to make sure that it didn't happen there, kind of like a base case. This proof by short, smallest counter-example is very much the same proof as an induction proof. And so although this doesn't show the two techniques are logically equivalent, you can see here the similarities. And I think you can kind of imagine how the rest of it would work. So this finishes our lecture five about induction. This is hopefully a good review. This probably is not your first exposure to induction, but we can always benefit from some more practice. We'll use induction throughout this semester in this course, right? And so feel free to use it on assignments, homework and proofs that yourself are doing and we'll use it in proofs we see all the time in abstract algebra. If you liked what you saw or you learned something, feel free to hit the like button. Feel free to just subscribe if you wanna learn some more about abstract algebra or other mathematical topics. And if any questions come up along the way while you're watching these videos, feel free to post those in the comments below. Hopefully I'll see you next time for lecture six. Have a great day, everyone. Bye.


In the next example, I will introduce you a USB DFU class, so this is for download firmware update, universal class which is intended for software update of the device which are already in the field or also for the development. This class in current way can use one of the two drivers. There is a bit older version connected to DFU update 2. We will also use it using this demonstration and this version use dedicated driver from ST, STTube 30, which we will be able to see a bit later. There is also a bit newer version connected to new tool from ST, so called Q-Programmer, which is using different driver which is made on VIN USB. You are able to see DFU class also in embedded ST system bootloader, but the capabilities of this class or of this implementation there is limited. As you for sure know, there is no possibility to change the content of the system memory, so the bootloader there is fixed and with the rising needs for the security there are also or different functionality there may be need to implement your own bootloader. So for example USB 1 using the DFU class. So in our example we will create a project where part of the user flash will be used for the bootloader itself and the second part will be updated using the USB. What is also one of the advantage with user bootloader is that you may use other kind of protection for example the readout protection which I will show you a bit later and with the system bootloader you won't be able to use the readout protection at all. So again we will start with QPMX, still the F446 nuclear board and like before we will use precise clock source so bypass high speed external, go to USB OTG and full speed and choose device only. Additionally we will go to middleware and choose the download favor update, so DFU. Here we will also use the PC 13 for the button, later on in the program using the button we will choose whether we want to update or go to the new program we loaded using the DFU. So this is all in the pinout table, now we will set again the clock so the input frequency is 8 MHz and for example 168 is good for us. But here with DFU there is a bit more configuration we need to cover in the middleware layer. So we can see here some class parameter settings and two most important are the DFU up default address and DFU media interface. So first is the address of the application which we want to load. So on some address we will start our second part of code with the program which is intended to be updated. So we need to choose probably according to some sector address to make some estimation how many memory we need for the bootloader itself and the rest we can dedicate for the application. And that we also need to show in the media interface which is part of the descriptor. And it's describing the device we are using. So here is the starting address of our microcontroller and after that we are highlighting all the part of flash inside of the microcontroller we are using. So with different family this descriptor will have different shape. And after that there are the letters which are standing for the size of the amount of memory. So here it's K16K of flash and the A or G is about the permission which the user application will get. So let's go back to the presentation. And here we see how it will be in our case. This is but that's not exactly what I want to show you now. So the default address sector to 8000 and internal flash descriptor. But more important is part of the application note about about the letters and their meaning. So byte kilo mega that is quite obvious. But more important and not so straightforward visible is are the digit behind the multipliers. And here you can see that A is sent only for readable beef erasable. All permissions are for G. So if you need to get more information or look for it again there is the application note 0 424. And on page 72 you can find all this information. But back to our example. So on the default address we will use the sector two. So 8 million 8000. And as we can see the granularity of STM32F446 is four sectors of each by 16 K. First two we will use for the bootloader that is 164 K sector. And afterward after that 3128 K sector of flash. So only first two sectors will be read only. And for the other the DFU host will have the possibility to read write and erase. So let's put it into the cube. So the starting address 8 million 8000. And after that we see that 8 million is correct. Then we have two 16 K sectors with read only. After that will be two sectors with 16 K. We already can read write erase. After that one sector of 64 K with read write erase. After that and the last types of sector are 3128 K with all the permission. And that's all we have. So with this shape we can continue. But also we need to be careful that this is true only for our STM32F446. With different family maybe different. Last thing we have here and maybe also important for us is the transfer size. With higher number will be faster transfer. We need to be careful that DFU is using only endpoint zero. So the granularity of the transfers is still 64 even with the high speed. But it will be faster grouping if we use higher number. But also with higher number is growing the need for the RAM dedicated for this buffer. So it's a trade-off between the speed and dedicated RAM to this purpose. Next thing we need to do here is also the interrupt. Because inside of the DFU driver is used the whole delay. So we need to have smaller priority for USB than for the SysTik. So we don't get locked. And with these changes we are free to build. And so some name. So DFU up. Again we choose the through studio and we increase bit the heap as we use quite a big buffer for the memory. And we can generate a project. So let's open the project and take a look what was generated for us. Again the main. And the important part is DFU interface fail. On the start we can see the flash description string which is passed to PC and showing the information about connected device. And here are the important function for entering or accessing the memory. So erase write read and also the status. For now it's empty. Again it may be device dependent. You have the content how to fill it in the presentation. But very easy and convenient way how to find the correct code is also to use the example in the cube repository. So in this example we will use them. So let's go to the repository. So I have here installed all the packages. So let's go to F4 project STM32446. Well applications USB device. And here is DFU standalone. So example which already contains all the or at least similar code. So in the source we will see the main and DFU flash that see where the code will be visible. So here we again see descriptor in the similar way. And prefilled function. So let's use it in such way. So first during the initialization we need to unlock the flash. During the init we want to look it again for erase. There is bit more code also for the write. Read is quite simple but still it would take some time to figure out how to correctly fill. Then we have the status. So again use the same. And we can see there is a bit more function or bit more variables used in the code. So for example the sectors which are entered. So we need to add two more functions mainly due to the fact that the applications still want to be universal. So get sector function and get bank in our single bank device. It's quite simple but it's here due to the universality and compatibility with dual bank devices. So we need also to define these two functions. So let's put them into the not provide function declaration. And we should also miss in the header file the sector numbers. Let's take a look if the red of file. Yes. So also we add these sector numbers. And now the microcontroller will be able to show to the host available sector and rewrite the code which is in the user section of our program now. But still we want to be able not only to update the code but also to jump into the code we loaded into the microcontroller. Ok. Flash programming time flash race time. That is something I missed to define here. So yes. We did that also. So we can take a look into the main that see of our demo. And here will be visible the function which is used for jumping to another part of code. So in the function here the button is check. And if the button is pressed and the address where we are planning to jump contain the code we change the address to this one. Normally this is fine according to our documentation before this jump also interrupt interrupt should be clean and cystic cystic should be disabled. Because some troubles could be reached during this but it's more or less only to be 100 in line with the documentation. And for the simplification we will use only the function as it here in the example. So I will again use the example code and put it in the main. Here I want to use the begin and section because I don't want to initialize the USB if there should be jump to the user code. But instead of the BSP function we will use the regular read of the GPIO GPIO C GPIO pin 13. Okay. There were also some definition which we need to use. So let's copy them also only some of them and this should be now completed. So let's try if I haven't missed anything. Yes, I did. Okay. There is also the definition of the P function in the main.h. So not here. Okay. I found it in my presentation to do not lose the time. So just avoid. And now we have it completely. So let's go into the debug code and connect to PC. So now it's running and we can observe connected devices. And here we see our microcontroller in DFU mode. So now we are connected. But how to use it from the PC? I told you that now there exist two options. First one is a DFU demo tool which is available on ST sites. That one we will use a bit later on. Second one is the Q programmer quite new option. So you have it in the presentation presentation attachment or you can find it also on the ST websites. So I will go directly to the installation folder. Now there is available version 3.0.6. And here there are not only the documentation and drivers but two most important files are the file manager which is creating DFU files out of the hex file and demo application itself. So let's run the demo and we can see that we have connected device. And here on the internal flash we see the sectors and what we are able to do with the sectors. So the permission we have. So on first two which are allocated to the book loader itself we can only read. On the other we have the full access. So now we have the application in the microcontroller but nothing to be loaded. So for this purpose we will again create a very simple program with QPMX. So a new one again F446ZE. And here in this project we will only enable the LEDs and the LEDs are PB0, PB14 and PB7. And that's it. We can just generate the code with some names. And of course Atolic. So let's open the project. I will close this one so it's not mixing with my project. And now this is the LED toggling program which will be loaded into the microcontroller memory with the DFU. So using the USB. And we need to make two changes here to make it run from different than the default 8 million address. So first is the linker file. So we will highlight here that the program is starting from the address 8 million 8 thousand. And second important thing is that we are as we are on different address we need also to move the vector table. So on M4 core which is inside of the F446 there is the option to relocate the Vitor. So not exactly here we want in the source file. So we can see here that Vitor is flash base and offset. And we know that the flash base is smooth to address 8 million 8 thousand. So these are the changes which are necessary to run the project from different address. Now we just add our simple functionality here. So in it everything and now in the while loop we add the LED toggling. So it's PB0 and for example PB14 and in between we put some delay. So that's it but we want to roll it into the microcontroller using the debug. But we need to get the hex file as an output from the build. So for various ideas this option is different. So how to do it? In the Atolic we will go to C C++ build settings to settings. And in other we see the output format. So we want to get Intel hex as output from the build. So okay and let's build one more time. And here we see that hex file was created. Okay so we have our hex file and now we need to push it to the microcontroller itself using the DFU. So let's return back to the installation folder with the DFU tools. So here we will go to the file manager which will create as such windows with option. And we want to generate a DFU file from a hex. So let's continue. And so first we need to choose the hex file. So where I have it? USB exam plus toggle debug. And here is it. And generate here the DFU file. So successfully created. So we can close and return back to the demo tool. So now we are here. We choose to update and go to debug and here is the DFU file. We want to have it also with verification and go for upgrade. So everything went successfully. And now we can see after the reset the LED are toggling and the device is not connected because before the USB was initialized we jumped to the user code. But if you reset with holding the blue button the application is again available and we are able to one more time upload the data. So here we are now more or less in the similar functionality like with the system bootloader. So now we can demonstrate the functionality of this solution also with readout protection. So we can use the ST link and go to the option bytes. Or for demonstration purpose we will first erase the complete chip. Disconnect now I need to load again the main application. So close the LED and use the application with USB DFU. Okay. So now I should be again able to see but it's cannot enter the second part of the code. So the user application is not loaded there as I expected. So let's go to the ST link utility and enable the readout protection one. After this move you won't be able to work with the system bootloader anymore. So now with system bootloader you would not be able to load the code. But the readout protection is not disabling the access to the flash only the debug possibilities and system memory possibilities. So now the debug cannot read the memory content but using our bootloader we will be able to access there. So can reset. Okay. One more thing now as we enabled the readout protection and so debug access to the microcontroller is disabled and ST link on the nuclear board is accessing using the debugger the microcontroller. We need to disconnect the ST link otherwise it will be stacked and cannot run. So right now we will remove the connectors on CN4. So now the debug is not active and cannot access the microcontroller but the application is running. So now the microcontroller with the readout protection one and still we are able to upgrade. Again with the button we are able to jump to the bootloader but using the simple reset. The device disappear in the program and LEDs are blinking. So this is all I wanted to show you in this demo. For sure more can be achieved using this tool. Also you may be used that using system bootloader you are able to access more types of memory. For example also the option by Vine Temp programmable. This is also possible using the user bootloader but bit more programming is needed then. Also external memories connected to the microcontroller can be accessed using this way. There is a lot of option and nice results can be achieved using this one.


On this edition of MSHA News, you'll hear a startling account of how a 3,400-ton slab of rock fell onto a ram car. Let's listen and see how the operator escapes this crushing roof fall. At that time, the only thing that I would have liked to have had a canopy for is we used to use burlap curtain back years ago. And running through the burlap curtain, you know, it would get you muddy and slap you in the face and everything. But that was the only time that I really thought I would like to have a canopy. I didn't think they were that important. We have had guys complain about the canopies being too low or whatever, but that type of thing, you know, is something that we just have to deal with. The canopy regulations, of course, are not new. The canopy regulations were phased in into the Federal Mine Act in the early to mid-70s. During that time period, we ran into quite a lot of opposition to canopies because it was a change to the way normal mining practice was at the time. We have seen several instances where canopies have saved miners' lives. This latest instance that took place at the Chitopa Mine is one of many that I have experienced and that I personally know about. And so we have become convinced in IMSA that canopies are an extremely valuable addition to the mining operation. It appeared that there were three-gram cars, really, that were in the circle waiting for their chance to get out of the miner. One car had pulled out of the cross-cut and was back and under the miner. And these other two cars was parked in this two-ride entry. And they hadn't moved up yet, so they was parked there. And this rock, with no warning, just fell on this particular one car and trapped it completely in the other car and trapped it on the front end. I got in line with the right-side shuttle car operators and was sitting there maybe five minutes. When I saw a couple of chips fall out of the top, Sam was behind me and I turned when I hauled back at Sam and told him to watch the roof because I saw a chip a couple of times and while I was looking back, I saw and heard the top crack and I reached to crank up my car and it happened so quick. The next thing I heard was just an unbelievable crash when the rock fell because it was just all at once because it was just one solid rock. And the next thing I knew, the top had me pushed down in my shuttle car and the canopy was just right in my face and that's when I just started looking to try to find a way out. And that's when I had to roll my head and take my hat off to look back to see if Sam was okay. Of course the rock pinned the miner cable and the water hose on top of my battery in front of my car which automatically knocked the power on the miner but it busted the water hose and the water hose was flooding down beside my car and a couple of them said wait let's get the water off where they could hear me which I found out later. They couldn't hear me because of the water and so as soon as I got the water off then I was able to get out. I could hear them tell me it was clear to get out. At the time it happened I was on the phone calling the pre-shift report out and I heard a noise and I lost power. My belt went off so I asked outside on the computer could they tell me what was wrong and the only thing they told me was the belt that my belt was the only one off by that time my right side miner operator and the right side RAM car operator came running down the head and they told me that I had an operator trapped in a RAM car that he was okay but we had rock on top of him that we had to get it out. At the time it fell in I immediately started looking around for a way to get out because it happened so fast that you know the first thing you think about is you know trying to get out and when I saw my way when I saw that I had a way out between the rip and my RAM car I scooted out and as we came around Danny the way the rocket fell it left him away a passageway out of his RAM car which he came out between the rip and the RAM car and it was it was just a blessing to see him to know that he had made it you know without it without a scratch and for myself also it's just a blessing from God that we both survived this. After looking at the car I don't see how he got out really but he managed to squeeze out of the car down by the rib and get to safety and the other guy the other operator Mr. Ard he'd he got out of the car and was fortunate enough to be able to walk or run but Mr. Terry had to crawl slide on his belly to get out. Well in the 30 years of my mind and I've never seen a rock shape like that or that large in one piece and I've seen slips and cutters and rows and horsebacks but I've never seen a rock that had a slick and surface that came to a point and like this it was just shaped like a battleship and it just fell out in one chunk. The weight of this rock was estimated somewhere in the neighborhood of 3400 to 3500 tons with that weight on top of the car as you can see the wheels are turned outward it's quite apparent that the weight drove the frame of the car down to the foot wall so the entire vehicle is now resting on the mind floor but also point out that the batteries that were previously located here on the front of the vehicle have been removed by EPA requirements and is also for safety that we remove these batteries and get them out of the mind so they don't sit in here with a charge. If you'll notice back underneath you'll see the top ridge of the canopy. The canopy has been depressed down against the top of the tires and a part of the frame. Danny Terry who was the operator was positioned back underneath. Danny had to escape out from the side and came directly out toward me to escape from the fall. The best to describe this rock would be if you've ever seen a canoe turned upside down this would be a picture of this rock it's it's about 85 foot long it's about 12 feet wide at the base and approximately 12 feet high so this rock did not fall from rib to rib it just fell right straight down the middle of the entry. You can tell by looking at the walls of this roof that this was a slick and slide rock and it was on both sides. This rock just fell out with no warning whatsoever. There had been a roof bolted. No one had been concerned about it being an abnormal top. We have joints in the top and little roads occasionally but it didn't appear to be anything abnormal. Jimmy had been through the area previously during the shift. The roof boaters of course were in the area and they the one takes care of the roof condition so they wasn't concerned about it because they've been set another same rock so the boats were in it didn't have a chance I don't really don't want the rock stood as long as it did because it was just nothing holding it. It fell out 10 or 12 feet high and we normally don't ever set over six foot boats so it wouldn't have held a six foot boat wouldn't have held it. This area was supported with three foot fully grouted resin boats. It was on five foot centers and when this rock fall occurred there was just no way that this boat was gonna hold this roof. It just pulled boat and all out of the out of the holes. The investigation revealed that this area was complied with as far as the rear control plan and boat spacing on and throughout the other parts of this section. After the rock fall when I was laying in the ram car waiting to get out that did cross my mind. I've not been able to get out. I'm kind of like I said I didn't know how much more rock was gonna fall and I didn't know how much the canopy was gonna hold. The canopy is well designed. It's real strong. It's got a one inch plate that it's mounted on that's solid probably two and a half two and a quarter inch bars solid bars that's mounted on the brackets and supports the probably a one inch cover plate over the top which it has enclosed the whole top of the operator's compartment and it's well designed and it done its job and very fortunate very fortunate it done its job and this rock is so large and tremendous in size that it managed to push the one inch plates that's mounted molded around the car frame it just broke them down and broke the post over so if it hadn't been for the strength of the canopy they wouldn't been no out it would have been a fatality. Canapes are the best thing in the world. I wouldn't I wouldn't want to run anything or work with anything without a canopy. The canopy saved its life. There's no doubt about it. Well there's no question to it the canopy saved its life really. It's a good piece of equipment and strong canopy and it did its job. Sometimes when they're not running or they're sitting they're bad about putting their feet up and taking them out of the canopy if Danny had had his feet out of the canopy he would have been caught trapped. He couldn't have got out. Without canapes your life is definitely in danger with them as we've seen and as I know you can't survive a roof fall. The canopy is all that's saved in the good Lord Danny's life. Canapes are the best thing that's happened to the cold industry even though they are aggravating there it's been a continuous fight but they saved Danny's life. The canapes are a secondary line of defense where all when all else fails and the the roof falls in spite of proper examinations in spite of being supported according to way the roof control plan says that it should then canapes have proven over and over again that they indeed and it saved minor slives and are extremely valuable part of the mining system. It took three to five minutes from the time the rock fell on my car for me to get out but they sitting there waiting not knowing if I could get out yet or not and and maybe not being here with my family I think I'm very fortunate to still be here if I hadn't had a canopy I wouldn't be here today that's that's a known fact I was very much against canapes because they're so hard to get in and out of but I'm a firm believer in the canopy now I wouldn't run anything without one life a great reason to change canapes do save lives remember when you're at your mine think of Danny when operating your mining equipment


Google ad retargeting top seven rules to follow for success in this video I'm going to give you the top seven rules that you need to follow to get real success with ad Retargeting in Google at the end of this video. You'll be able to create these ads with ease and we're getting started right now Hey JR Fisher here if you're new to this channel go ahead and subscribe right now Go down there and click that subscribe button And don't forget to like this video and ring the bell smash that little bell notification there and turn on all notifications I've been selling online since 2009 I've sold millions of dollars of both physical and digital products and on this channel I teach you how to start run and grow your online business My products are sold on thousands of websites including Walmart at the end of this video. I'm gonna give you a bonus I've got an e-commerce course valued at $97 that you can get absolutely free. Okay. Let's face it There's millions of people making millions of dollars online and the only difference in them and you is having the right tools and knowing what to do So have you already tried to do some retargeting ads? What were your experiences or do you have questions about doing retargeting ad? Put all your comments in the section below. I would love to see them now There's no replacement for paid SEO. However, there are ways that you can augment that SEO that organic SEO by using paid traffic It also helps you to give that customer a better user experience Because of the information that they're seeing is actually targeted towards them now one tactic that has really taken off in the past few years Is ad retargeting as a matter of fact if you use display ads and retarget the people who've already been to your site We've seen a 70% increase in conversions and sales now to navigate this kind of complicated process I put together seven steps to help you navigate your retargeting campaigns number one You've got to understand how retargeting works when somebody visits your site They actually get a cookie on their computer now this cookie follows them around the internet so that when you run ads They will actually see your ads and you can target the people who've already visited your site This enables you to stay in touch with the people who've already shown some interest in your products or services number two avoid Ad exhaustion and what I mean by that is through ad retargeting You can definitely target those people who've been to your website, but you can also limit the number of ads They see to most all retargeting ads will allow you to say I only want this person to see my ad two times or three times over the next week or month and that way They don't get ad exhaustion and see your ads all the time number three deploy audience Segmentation and what I mean by this is through ad retargeting You can send ads to them based on how many spots they've hit on your website and how far into the sales process They are for example if somebody already bought from you You may want to show them different types of products if somebody hasn't bought but they are interested in a particular product Of course, you'd want to show them ads for that particular product number four determine ad Duration how long do you actually want to target these people most people will tell you Targeting people with ads should be about the same length of time as your actual sales sequence So if you normally email somebody for three or four days, you may want to just let them see your ads for three or four days You can then take a break maybe a month two months and then go back and retarget those people again Number five is freshen up your ad creative One of the problems with running ads to people in retargeting is some companies will use the same ad over and over and over With ad retargeting you can actually freshen up that ad by changing the images changing the titles Changing what the ad actually says and that way it looks a little bit new and different to them And you can increase your overall sales number six know your ad sizes now Dependent upon where they see the ad if it's on the sidebar the top of a page whatever you may want to change up Your ad sizes changing up the ad size makes the ad look a little bit different and keeps the interest of that person Who've already showed interest by visiting your website or the people who've already purchased from you when they see these different size Images it also helps them from getting ad exhaustion number seven find the right tools for your ad retargeting There's lots of tools out there. They can actually help you do this. Okay, so let's go through each one of these tools You can also use for retargeting each one's a little bit different. They do different things I just want to give you an overview of each one though. The first one is called ad roll now I'm at ad rolls actual page here and you can go to it and read through it I wouldn't really suggest you did that but right here It says why ad roll and you can click here and you can see it's a growth marketing platform What kind of things it can do here and these things get into a lot of detail But I do want to just show it to you to let you know it's available If you want to look at pricing you can click right here And you're gonna have to get started and hook things up to see all the pricing you set your budget You set your goals and you decide what you want to do with it So the first one is ad roll next one. I want to talk about is a retargeter now Retargeter obviously is a retargeting platform and it has custom solutions client services right here transparency and reach inventory quality brand safety and Viewability and if you want to know more about it, you click right here to look at all the different information It's in here. This one here is called retargeter.com Next one I want to talk about is stay media group or ST a media group and this here is Teaching you how to really remote sales process for a high net worth clients Okay, so you can read through here and see all the information on here And it will tell you everything it's going to do But it is definitely designed for a whole different way of marketing than the other platforms are and it will give you some of the Things it'll do down here remote targeted cold emails remote gatekeeper conversions remote residual high ticket Remote exclusive high ticket and I would look through here and read all this information to see how it's going to benefit you Next one is actually eBay enterprise now you eBay enterprise actually changed its name Now not too many years ago and right down here. You can kind of see what it does It's a distributed order management Omni-channel inventory management payment processing fraud management and advanced reporting Okay, so it's not as much in the retargeting area. It's just tools really for eBay enterprise The next one I want to look at here is called a Rubicon Rubicon is very interesting for business Right here for businesses. It's got for buyers sellers and developers depending on which category that you fall into now Right here is the solutions and as you can see you can do header bidding you can do mobile you can do video deals management And right here here's all the insights so it's got thought leadership your press releases events and all that good stuff Really to get a whole lot of information on Rubicon You're going to need to fill out this form here and then they're going to get in touch with you And then they can tell you about This last one is Meta Aura and Meta Aura is an interesting one Here's the platform right here where your ads are shown location methodology and It's a really kind of cool when you can scroll through here and get some information But you can like look at your competitors You can find your target audience that is showing coffee shops here So what you do is you target the right customers based on the stores and places they visit Which is really pretty interesting Then once you've done that you augment ad delivery autonomously using real-world signals and right here you realize success with bleeding edge technology I like bleeding edge technology. That's some pretty fancy stuff But it shows you some of the companies that use it McDonald's party city Sonic you know some pretty big companies use it and this is really on the higher end level So you'll want to check that out see if this really fits into your budget I don't know what they show for pricing here. Let's take a look How pricing works? I love when they say our pricing is simple and then they have all of this You have to read and you have all these different things you have to do But basically you can use geo fences a live weather Augmentation tier one placements it gives them to some pretty heavy details here And if you want to get started you would just click right here and get more information on it So I just want to show you some of these other things you can use in addition to what you would normally do with your advertising and Know that there's other tools out here that are available to you you will not use all these tools You you may not use any of these tools, but you may use some of them depending on what your needs are So I just wanted to familiarize you with them And if you want more information you can take this video and run it back Rewind it and look at these once again and go and get a little bit more research done and decide Which one's going to be the best for you now these seven things aren't going to completely teach you everything You need to do on your ad retargeting But they'll get you headed in the right direction and that's what really counts once you get headed in the right direction You're gonna learn from your ad campaigns You're gonna figure stuff out and you're gonna learn what works and what doesn't work keep in mind You've got to keep testing you got to keep trying different things I see a lot of people who will try one or two ads and say ads don't work for me As work for everybody as long as you continue to do it and you continue to test new things now Have you tried to do any retargeting ads yet or do you just have questions about retargeting ads? Put your comments below. I'd love to hear them and I answer all of your comments in addition to that Don't forget.  The link is in the description There's no boring webinars to watch. You don't need a credit card There's nothing to buy all you do is click the link and learn so if you like this video Do me a favor click that subscribe button down there. Don't forget Smash that bell turn on all notifications so that I can let you know every time I do a new video Thanks for watching and I'll see you in the next video Hey, thanks for watching my video Don't forget to subscribe to my channel and click that little bell right there so you can be notified every time I do a new video also click on one of those videos there keep watching on my channel