Okay guys, I just got home. This always makes me nervous, like when I've been away. I want to see if the Amazon's okay. I get scared too much. Aww. I said I'm up in a little fan cage. I don't think it's tiny, but just something raking around so much, and it'll be safe and quiet in here so you can rest. He needs to rest. Me and him have come a long way. We've come a long way. Yeah, we did today. Yeah, wings. You do wings? You look better already, baby. I'm gonna get you situated, okay? Um, as far as looking for Zoner, it's been posted on Parrots 911. I, of course, passed on his picture and information to Sheen. I just noticed something about him. And all the moderators are looking for his home, so somebody commented on one of my things saying, oh, Marlene, like we're not all that fortunate that we have so many people looking for their bird. I just want you guys to know if I ever see birds on Craigslist or even if you guys post lost birds on Parrots Station, I literally go to your town on Craigslist and start looking for your bird. And we have such a good community that, like, there's gonna be a ton of people now looking for this bird's owner. So yeah, I did build up a big community, and yeah, this has been beneficial for me looking for Picasso. It doesn't mean we're not a community that can't all help each other all the time. Scared and now... Okay, you're cute. Okay, you're cute. Okay, I want this cage to be in here. I just did a makeshift to carry on. I put some new paper, but I don't have anything for it to sit on. But I did see a neighbor leave a coffee table at this morning. Maybe it's something I could go get right now. I don't know. This is cool, but I could not bring this in myself. Maybe I could. Gotta put the phone down. I literally got this thing all the way to here. This is like, you know, some stuff in the neighbor's yard that I'm getting because I need something to put this little cage on. So he'll be alone in peace and quiet. The things I do for a bird. All right. So this is the situation right now. He kind of preferred to be on me. Okay, guys, let's see how the bird is doing today. Saturday morning. Pretty cool.  I made you a nice mixture. Yes, I did. I made you your juice. What do you like? You want stretchy and I'll go get that for you? I'll go get you. Yeah, I'll go get you. Andy wants to see the situation, mister. Because why are there so many animals in here? Oh, he's gotten attached to the cage already. You want to try to get him some food? I want to try to get him this. Look, look, look, look, look, look. We need to remove him from the cage. It's okay, gentle. So, what do you like? What do you think? Well, this, I got to get him his juice. Well, let's have some juice from here. Look, you drank this yesterday. You might want to put him back over here. That's not on the cage. Yeah, I think I have to remove him from where he likes that spot over there. Yeah, okay. It's not biting though. But he feels a little light. So, he's either a she, it's okay. Or, you need a little something to eat. Let's sit here. Remember you like this spot? Okay, here. Show me like it. Hmm. It's a smaller, it's the same thing? No? I'm going to drink this. Mm-hmm. Isn't that good? It's going to take a break, then he's going to down some. The day before, it tasted more like coconut water, huh? I know, but this is still good. Look. Do you want some coconut water? Okay, guys, I just got home.  This always makes me nervous. Like, when I've been away, I want to see if the Amazon's okay. Like, I get scared to look. I've been keeping it dark in here. It's okay. So, I'm worried about him eating. Um, he ate an almond last night and it made him bleed a little. So, I need to make sure I've been mashing up some fruits and stuff, but Lou is going to make sure that he eats and that his crop is full, because Lou thinks his bleeding is basically through the inside of his nose. And, um, so he's going to mix up some peanut butter. I hope I have. So, the main thing is that the bird is taken care of. When we get there, Lou's going to know if it's a wild bird or not. He is so educated on this stuff. He can literally tell you what hybrid comes from what breeder and where they originated and what area of the world different hybrids are even possible. So, I'm going to change my shirt. Uh, we'll go see what Lou has to say. I'm so happy the bird's like still in good condition. Lou thinks that it is a wild bird, but we're going to find out. So, follow me along on the journey of saving this bird. I wish I could find mine. So, yeah, I may have acquired a wild in another turn of events. I have thought that one of the birds that I saw in a bird store here was actually Malibu. I mean...


Hi, I want to say good morning, good afternoon, and good evening, everyone. I think what's very different from the usual West experience is that you can actually see all these little windows popping up, and people joining from different time zones. So it's indeed very special and welcome to our session, reimagining manufacturing industries for growth. My name is Lisa Xuan, and I'm an anchor with China Central Television's Business Channel, as well as a member of the West's Young Global Leader Community. We all know that the world has experienced tectonic changes since we last met in Davos in person around the same time last year. At that time, it would have been very hard to believe that my study would one day be live-streamed on the West's website. Perhaps more so than ever in our lifetimes, manufacturing companies have seen shocks and changes in supply and demand, and are now faced with this unique challenge to reinventing themselves to become engines of economic growth. I want to give you some background of our session. Our session is part of the two initiatives under the forums shaping the future of advanced manufacturing and production. This is the focus area in the platform. The first initiative is the Global Lighthouse Network, which aims to accelerate the more inclusive adoption of advanced technologies in manufacturing, and to date, 54 manufacturing lighthouses have been identified from different industry sectors. The other initiative, which I would also like to make special mention of, is the New Business Models Initiative, and that is led by the Web's Global Future Council. Today's session will be divided into two parts. The first 30 minutes will be an interactive discussion with our panel speakers. That will be live-streamed on the forum website, and the second 30 minutes will continue as a group dialogue session, so where all the participants can join in for a dialogue via top link. We have a very incredible group of panelists representing industry-leading lighthouses in their respective fields, so let me introduce them to you. They're Mr. Dimitri De Vries, who is the Co-CEO and COO of Royal DSM. Welcome. You can wave your hand or say hi to people. Hi. We have Mr. Bjorn Rosengren, who is the CEO of ABB. Welcome. Thank you. Welcome. We have Ms. Kathy Wengel, who is the Executive VP and Chief Global Supply Chain Officer of Johnson & Johnson. Welcome. That's early in the morning there. We definitely know that the pandemic has triggered a greater urgency around a cost reduction, a supply chain optimization, and also the adaption for our technologies to more effectively redesign our manufacturing processes. To start our session, I would like to go around a room and get a very short and focused answer from each one of our panelists. Have you experienced major supply-demand shocks in your sector and what is the one top priority in terms of tech innovation that you are aiming to adopt in order to boost productivity and growth in a sustainable way? Let me start with Mr. Dimitri De Vries of Royal DSM. I actually know that you adapted very quickly early in the pandemic and started manufacturing no-swaps for the first time in your company's history. But more generally, what was the most significant technological challenge or innovation that you have encountered in the past year? I think what we have seen is that there was an immediate disruption of supply chain. As we are producing food ingredients, which I've been critical as well as electronics in the biomedical device square, we were immediately asked how we could keep out the supply chain. So there we've applied our innovation pretty quickly. I think we have moved all our offers and supply chain personnel who don't need to be in a manufacturing or warehouse side to move from one weekend from working at their offices and warehouses into working from home. We could do that by applying our digital network from day one to two. So in one weekend, we've moved 10,000 people in one go and keep the supply chain uninterrupted. And I would say that was a major step, which we would not have seen before. And we were very proud that we could do that. But I can tell you, every day it was surprisingly we could do and keep the supply chain up and running during the pandemic. And just very quickly, thank you very much. And very quickly to Mr. Rosengren, that I noticed that ABB saw a very typical V-shaped pattern last year. So during the first two quarters of 2020, you were impacted by lockdowns. But in Q3, your profit, if I'm right, rose by 86% as infrastructure demands surged. So my question is that it usually takes time to adjust production capacity. But what did you do to really improve all these efficiency and flexibility? And what is the next frontier in technology innovation that you think will drive a further industrial transformation and growth? Yeah, thank you, Lee. It's exciting to be here. It's been a challenging year, not least for me, as I'm quite new in ABB. And of course, going into the pandemic, there are, of course, huge challenges for a company like ABB, which is global. And in so many different parts of the world, we are also supporting so many different segments of the world. And of course, there's been different challenges in different parts. But I think the first immediate reaction, of course, in a pandemic for a company like ABB, it was, of course, to make sure that we can try to keep our people safe. That has always been number one. And the second thing is, how can we support our customers globally to make sure that they can have their operations up and running as much as possible? That has been the focus for us during this pandemic. Then I think if we're going more into see a little bit what is actually happening in the industry and what has been important for us, we can see that there are things that is influencing the transformation of industry. And there are certain trends which we see are important. One thing is that consumers are asking for more customized individual products, which leads to shorter production series. So you have to adopt your production according to that. We see also higher unpredictability and therefore uncertainties and fluctuations in bands. And I think COVID is a very good example of that. And I think as number three, I think there is also, we see also, of course, the technology which has been available during this whole period, including artificial intelligence and connectivity. And I think all have helped us to drive the trends to support our customers, to have to be more flexible, but also to work more simpler. So a little bit from our perspective, I think when we look at the customer perspective, is that more focus on automation and robotics has been important. Robots is nothing new, but of course, technology in the robots has actually helped us, both because they are more intelligent today, easier to operate, and it helped us customer to become a little bit more flexible. So I think that's been important parts to work. Then of course, in the pandemic, costs have been much lower as we've been traveling and we're using technology to actually support our customer in an efficient way. And we learned to adopt this and that has actually helped us to produce better numbers. Yeah, thank you very much. I think you talk about this idea of being very people-centered and very customer-centered. And you mentioned something that the customer nowadays, they need all these customized products or service and there's great unpredictability. I think all of those pose challenge in terms of supply chain. So I would also like to go to our next panelist, Ms. Wengel, who is the Chief, Executive VPN Chief Global Supply Chain Officer of Johnson & Johnson. So let's focus more around supply chain. So how are our technologies driving growth in global supply chain? Well, thank you Sushen and it's terrific to be here with everyone at this Future Manufacturing Initiative. It's been so important to us at Johnson & Johnson to be part of from the beginning. And as you mentioned, we could hardly imagine being together a year ago and now what's happened in the world and certainly supply chain to become more and more front and center through that. In our industry, healthcare, even more critical throughout the pandemic, our sites around the world, more than 100 plants, 300 distribution centers, from the very beginning in Wuhan, all the way through where we are today. I share with my colleagues that first and foremost, the importance of our team, whether it's suppliers, whether it's our employees, keeping them healthy and safe, as the pandemic grew, making sure we provided them with all the tools they needed to keep our essential, our frontline superheroes, as we call them, as well as all of us working, as mentioned, from home. But all of that was around ensuring that healthcare was delivered really around the globe. And so when we look at how supply chains, not only therefore kept businesses going, kept every one of our businesses going amidst the pandemic, but they really are an engine for growth. And so if we look at technology and that intersection of what technology is doing with science today and how it allows us to not only develop new medicines or medical devices in a different way, but to manufacture and to distribute them in different ways, it's clearly an engine for growth. So I'd say there are kind of three main areas I'd focus on in that growth piece. First is channels for access. So as we saw through the pandemic, as hospital systems were overwhelmed, there had to be new channels and new points of access, telemedicine, the ability to do more things in an outpatient setting. And that creates a whole different dynamic for providing products rather than to big hospitals that might have warehouses, to small clinics and much more on time. Things like demand sensing and e-commerce. And I think we all believe a fundamental permanent shift in how even all of us as consumers may be buying our goods. So that supply chain as a mode for access and whether it is that 11, 11 day in China or it's our drone program in the Kalingana region of Uganda that allows us to reach HIV patients directly with the delivery of their medicine, that's really key. And then the other thing I'd focus on is really agility resilience throughout the pandemic, supply chain, traceability and visibility. As ports were closing, as aircraft was being grounded, we would have a ship that would have our goods on it, we would see it and suddenly the port where it was heading was closed and we had to figure out how to reroute those critical healthcare supplies. And so having that direct live visibility was huge. And then I'd really echo and close with that the message about personalization in all our industries, how things like 3D printing allow us to do much more precision products for people, whether it's in a consumer business with a custom face cream or a medical device implant or personalized medicines, the technology is just unlocking totally new ways to grow. So accessibility, agility and personalization. I think all of those are the key takeaways and the key changes, technological changes that we are seeing in the supply chain and also shaped by the pandemic. And we think that leading manufacturers are likely to be able to deploy all these more advanced technologies at scale more easily. And so I just checked earlier today that all of your stocks have been buoyed by the market valley up between 52, even over 100% since the lows of late March last year. So clearly this speaks to investors' confidence looking into the future. But the recovery we are seeing in the industry has been uneven across different subsectors. So my question, which is in keeping with the goal of the web platform for this panel is to discover a new business models and also new forms of private and public partnership that can transform industries more inclusively. So I wonder what is your take on that? Dimitri? Yeah, you want me to start? Yeah, great. I appreciate that question because I think the question is the key to the future. I think companies who think that along the axis of people, planet, profit, you can only be successful on profit, I think those will be the dinosaurs of the future and we all know that currently no dinosaurs exist. So I think the new way of shaping companies is around people, planet, profit in a holistic way. And we feel as TSM and need personally very strongly that the economic system which we have today is too much monodimensional towards profit. So we feel that you were referring to public-private. I would basically say this is not only public-private. This is consumers, it's governments, it is manufacturing companies, it's suppliers, in the holistic view on how you impact people, planet, profit. And during the COVID-19 pandemic, we've seen fantastic examples where consumers, governments, but also producers work together. I mean, you were highlighting a little bit that we were developing no squabs for the tests. We've never produced those. We were asked by the government to see if we could ramp it up because they wanted to ramp up the test numbers. Within two weeks, we had these squabs innovated, we have them being tested, we have them being 3D printed locally where it was needed, all in close collaboration with universities, governments and companies. So I think the new model is based on what we've learned in COVID-19 to use the economic system in a way that waste impact of people is incorporated in how we present a profit and loss, not only financially, but overall. So taking the full responsibility of the holistic system, but the system is being misused currently because waste and making profit at the cost of the planet is not being incorporated in the way how we measure the success, but also the responsibility of companies. And there we stand for, and I think the learning from COVID-19 pandemic, we need to apply in a new way of how business needs to operate, a new, innovative business model along the three axis of Triple P. Yes, we've been talking about this notion of stakeholder and then ESG, all these responsibilities. But one question, I think for Dimitri and also for our following speakers is that how do we really ask companies, especially public companies, we are responsible for our stakeholders and also our shareholders. So how do we really quantify and measure those efforts? I think that's also something worth discussing. And if you have something else to add on this front. Yeah, we have trials a little bit how to measure this. So what we, for instance, measure is not only what we call scope one is called two emissions of CO2, but also how we impact a better carbon footprint for our customers. And we call that brighter living solutions. And if we come with a solution for our customers in the value chain, we measure that. And today, 65% of what we sell falls under that category. So it also means that 35% still has room for improvement. And we have a target to move that year after year up into percentages. So you can start measuring that. I think it's not easy, but it's coming. And if you start sending the metric, you will have a good discussion. And today, we as DSM, we also ask our auditor, our financial auditor to audit our brighter living solution to our sustainability metric. So it's a next step in that journey. Indeed, so we are keeping very clear track of it and then keeping all the metrics and KPIs. Thank you very much for your input. Mr. Rosengren? Yeah, maybe I can add on to that also. I think... Of course. Yeah, I think it's important for all our stakeholders. And of course we have our financial measures that we need to reach, but of course they're becoming other objectives. And we have so many stakeholders who look upon us in different way. And I think part of our business model is actually to helping our customers to become more sustainable. So that drives both businesses as we can also measure what we can help them to improve their footprint. So it's not only taking care of our own operations, which is, but also to support the customers. And we see more by investors. And it's also our financial investors who take this very high up on the agenda because they see that the company that will be successful in this will also be more successful into the future. So I guess the ecosystem has to thrive so that everyone will benefit from it. But then Mr. Rosengren, I'm just wondering, following what you just said, are there any new business models that you're currently planning to adopt or exploring in terms of creating these new value for all of your stakeholders and whole society? You know, I think in the end, our success is the success of our customers. And the new technology gives us opportunities that we didn't have before. And just an example, so we have something which we call the collaborative operation offerings. And I think this is a way where customers can connect their production sites, but also vessels and mines all over the world. And they can be connected and they can be supported 24-7 remotely by the digital technology which being available. And that really helps them to adopt their business models at a certain thing, what's taking place. Besides that, the customer sites, I think also even governments around the world are embracing the benefits of this technology. And I think it can in terms of, to create both resilience and security. And we see some countries are also looking into the role that robots can play as part of national contingency plans, both in terms of production of critical goods, as well as in healthcare system. I just give you an example in Singapore, for instance, one of our collaborative robots are supporting the healthcare system with the processing 50,000 COVID tests every day with the robotics, which is actually ensuring consistent quality, but also freeing up medical personnel and reducing the risk of the infection. So it's actually using the digitalization and automation to create this collaboration. And I think by using that, new business model can actually be created. Yes, being from this part of the world, I actually did read about the story of your cooperation in Singapore and also in Thailand about having robots helping develop vaccines and all these public health projects. And Ms. Wengel, I just wonder how are you thinking through a business model transformation at Johnson & Johnson because I think our future and also all the talking points you just mentioned requires more dynamic changes than simply applying digital technologies. Absolutely, and I think if I bring the two streams of your question together, first around stakeholders and then business models, you know, I'm here in front of our Johnson & Johnson credo, which for the last three quarters of a century, in fact, guides our business model. And in fact, it is about the importance of all stakeholders and how you deliver on all of those fronts, whether they're highly measurable or whether they are more subjective. And the four paragraphs of our credo talk first about, first and foremost, first sentence, our patients, our consumers, the surgeons, the mothers and fathers, our very first responsibility to them to continue to reduce costs so more people can have access to build a robust supplier ecosystem that also can earn a fair profit. It then goes to employees, the importance of us, recognizing everyone for their merit, to build diverse and inclusive culture that drives innovation. It goes to communities and our responsibility to have a healthy planet. We've had publicly facing climate goals for more than three decades and how we work together in communities. We recently announced our race for health equity, which is really around how to ensure equitable access to healthcare even in more disadvantaged or communities that are more disadvantaged, how do we close those gaps? And then lastly is about, frankly, our stockholders and financials, but it's not that they come last, is that if we do all those other things wisely, if we invest wisely in how technology and science come together, that everyone will earn a fair profit and that we will be a sustainable company making a sustainable impact. So that really is our business model and over 135 years, and how that business model works with healthcare systems around the world certainly has evolved. I think one area for us, our goal building the digital thread for healthcare is around, we talk internet of things, let's talk about the hospital of things and how do we help hospitals no matter where in the world use from the simplest technology to the most advanced robotics, use digital to really drive down the cost of care, enable more access, and most importantly, enable healthcare workers to be more effective, to spend more of their time on delivering care than of managing where inventory is in the hospital, of figuring out which patient needs which size knee that's going into surgery tomorrow, let's let digital drive all of that. So those are some of the areas that we're working on. And that sounds very promising. In fact, how far do you think we are from getting there? Because I think it's, I think it's something we want to achieve but it's very different from what we're seeing in the news every day. Well, I think it, you know, there's like anything where there's a very wide variation, right? You have some of the most advanced government run, you know, health systems, if you take the UK and the amount of data, for example, they built around the virus and the pandemic in a very methodical way very quickly and how that data is being used to guide what they do. And then you go to other advanced economies that don't have a harness digital as much or to hospital systems that have been able to manage these surges versus others that just at a fundamental level, you know, don't have the resources or the support to do that. So, you know, our goal is to make sure you bring the right tool and the right solution for the right problem. You know, a phrase that I remember from some decades ago working in some different countries was around, don't bring me an airplane if I need a bicycle. So, how do you help make sure that everyone, you know, can't improve and move there and the beauty of digital and all things digital and on the four-hour technologies that as the costs go down, sometimes it's the simplest solution that just makes a huge difference. Well, I mean, there are so many questions that I want to ask on that front, but due to the time limit, I have two more questions that I'd like to touch upon before we dive into the group dialogue. So, one is on trade. So, unfortunately, we don't have a representative from mainland China in our panel today. I learned that among the 54 companies in the Global Lighthouse Network, a 16 of them are Chinese companies and I'm sure all of your companies either deal with or compete with or both with Chinese companies. So, one thing we can't deny is that many manufacturers, they are caught up in the tussle between a trade tensions, protectionist, national security interests, and also free markets. And where should we draw the line? And do you think an inclusive future can really exist in today's tech and trade competition? Anyone wants to answer that question? Look, I'll start, you know, as a global company, you know, we are not only very proud of, but very committed to our global footprint. And no matter what country we're in, the importance of healthcare is very clear. If we speak specifically to China, we're very proud to have been the first joint venture pharmaceutical company in China more than four decades ago. And in fact, I'm very proud. One of our lighthouse factories is in fact our medical device plant in Suzhou, China. So I think we all have to realize the world is interconnected. It is global. We all rely on each other. And we need to ensure, right, that we can maximize the value for patients around the world by having access to the best technologies and the best solutions. Yeah, but indeed we are, sure. Oh, please, come on. So I hurt someone talking, but then I'll continue. So let's talk more about workforce because the pandemic has widening gaps in many different ways. And there will likely be a growing mismatch between the current workforce's skills and employer needs as they fly our transforms industries, we guess a lot faster than workers can adapt. And how, well, as we roll out more automation, how do we support the workforce and make sure that they do not fall behind? Yeah, I can maybe start there. I think this is of course a very important question. And it's been on the agenda for quite some time as technology involves like it does. I think it all boils down to education. We need to reskill the workforce to ensure that we bring them up and get them with us in this technological transformation is taking place. So very much is focused on reskilling the workforce. Maybe Lee, I can build on that. First of all, I'd like to come back on your trade question. I mean, we're also a global company acting in all countries. And we clearly want to say that the global trade and the open trade economy we had really added to the growth and the prosperity of the world. The issue is that the division of that prosperity and wealth was not nicely distributed. There were people left behind. And I think that also has been the theme of the World Economic Forum last time when we're at Davos. And I think that's a clear statement. So let's not debate that global free trade is bad for the world. It's good for the world, but it's what we do with it. That growth needs to be more inclusive. And that's what we stand for. And therefore we need to rearrange a few of these growth figures that we include other people. That to close that first question. And the second question on the workforce. I am worried, but I'm worried building on the other remark of Björn saying, obviously it's education, absolutely. It is digital working, absolutely. Where I'm afraid of is that if we go more into digital working, more into the digital way as we have experienced the whole block over the last year that I miss the soul of the company you're working for. The soul of the business you're working for or your governmental party because all these digital is nice. But the emotion, the smell of the place, the heart and soul of why you work for a certain company. And I do work 30 years for TSM. And TSM is my heart. But it's very difficult to raise new leaders in your company who feels the same way if you only go digital. And therefore my biggest concern is how do we get the soul into the company, into the people in a more digital way of working? Because that we cannot deny. Nevertheless, we're all human beings.  And it doesn't need to be all effective and productive. There's also more to it. And I don't have a solution, but it's a concern which is on top of mine. Yeah, Dimitri, I'd better just add on to that because I agree with you 100% that it is a challenge, especially when you are a big company in global and in different parts. And me as new also in the company, you can imagine how difficult it is to interact in all different kinds. But I think you have to find a combination of that. I still think it's important. You need to sniff the culture of the company and you need to meet people, especially also customers to understand really to build up relation. But I think using the technology that is being available, of course, we can be much more efficient than we have been before. And we have done a lot of things which has been maybe not necessary before. I think we've been traveling too much and so on where we can actually limit that thing, which will actually be good not only for the society, but also for the company and the efficiency to drive progress. Yeah, I guess we both, we need technology and all these new business in terms of achieving this more sustainable future for the manufacturing sector. So thank you.


Welcome to Drying Foods at Home. This lesson will be presented by Janice Hall, Regional Extension Agent with the Alabama Cooperative Extension System. You will learn how to use different methods to dry fruits, vegetables, herbs, and how to make fruit leathers. Let's get started. To begin the process of drying, it is important to understand how does drying preserve foods. Microorganism, such as yeast, mold, and bacteria need water to grow. So removing moisture prevents spoilage from microorganisms. In other words, when foods are dried, the moisture that the bacteria love and need to grow and survive is not there. This helps to extend the shelf life of those foods you can choose to dry. What are some reasons why we use drying as a method of preservation? Well, it's simple. It reduces the size and the weight of the food. The shelf life is expanded and it requires very little space. It always amazes me. When I start out with a large portion of food to dry, I always end up with such a reduced portion. There are many types of drying methods. I will only cover three in this lesson. Others can be found on our website under food preservation. You can dry foods using a room in your home, an oven, or a dehydrator. I will cover which foods will yield the best results using which type of drying method. Now let's take a look at how you can dry foods in a room. The room method is best suited for herbs, nuts, chili peppers, and partially dried fruit. I can remember growing up when we would harvest our peppers. Some would get eaten right then and others were tied with string and hung in the kitchen. It made for a yummy splash of color and decor in the kitchen. In the picture, you can see how these are tied in a bundle with string and hung spaced apart. You can also do this by placing them in a paper bag with holes in the side. Close it with the rubber band and then hang them in the same position. You know your herbs are ready when the leaves crumble or the stems break. Make sure that your room is warm, dry, and well ventilated. One more important tip to know is that sun drying can cause your herbs to lose flavor and color. So choose the drying method carefully. Now for your nuts. You can spread them on a single layer, on a tray, and put or put them in a bag into dry soil. Oven drying is another drying method that can be used. It is suitable for most foods, but you have to make sure that your oven can reach 150, 140 to 150 degrees. Use a thermometer to make sure that this temperature is accurate. To dry the oven, simply place your food on a lined cookie sheet. Make sure that your racks are at least two to three inches apart, and you want to open your oven door about two to six inches with a fan placed nearby to allow for air to circulate. Rotate your foods occasionally and watch for scorching. This drying method that can be used is dehydrating. You can use a dehydrator to dry most foods. However, it is not recommended that you dry foods such as milk products and eggs. This is a picture of an electric dehydrator. They come in all different sizes and shapes. This equipment can be used to simply wash your fruits and vegetables, slice them, place them on the trays, and rotate your trays periodically to make sure that they're drying evenly. I have probably used the method, this method the most. The reason for that is because it doesn't tie up the oven and it's quicker than the room method, but the disadvantage is that you will have to buy it. So it is another piece of equipment and it can be pretty expensive. All in all, all three methods can yield some delicious fruits and vegetables here around. Speaking of fruits and vegetables, now we're going to learn some ways of how to dry fruits and vegetables. Drying fruits can be pretty easy. You just simply wash, pour your fruit if it's needed, cut them in uniform pieces, or some fruits can even be dried whole. Place them in a single layer on your trays. Now one thing to remember is that peeled and thinly sliced fruits tend to dry fastest. Make sure that you're watching your food carefully and you're rotating it as needed. Now who doesn't love fruit leathers? If you don't know what these are, it's the fruit roll-ups that you buy in the store and you put in your children's lunchboxes or pack for a snack. The difference is that they're made from pure fruit and nothing added and it's taste amazing. So how do you make fruit leathers? You simply wash your fruit, peel it if needed, cut it into small pieces, and some fruits will require you to add lemon juice or scorbic acid to prevent it from turning brown. Follow your recipes to make sure that you're making your fruit leathers correctly. You're going to parade your fruit until it's smooth and some, sometimes you can add sugar or honey or corn syrup, but when I do mine, it is just a simple pure fruit. The one that I love the most is pineapple. It's my favorite. I just basically take a fresh pineapple, chop it up, put it into the blender and liquefy it. I then pour it onto the trays lined with parchment paper or wax paper and then spread it out to be at least about an eighth of an inch thick. You don't want it to be too thick because the thicker it is, the longer it takes to dry. You want to rotate your trays throughout the process and also you want to remember that your dehydrator needs to be set on about 140 degrees. Your dehydrators usually come with instructions to let you know which temperature is the best drying temperature for the food that you are drying. It takes about six to eight hours to make fruit leathers. Drying vegetables can also be done using similar techniques as fruit. Select freshly picked high quality vegetables. Make sure that you wash them. Peel and trim them if you need to. Cut them also in uniform pieces. Now some recipes will call for you to blanch your vegetables first before drying them. Make sure that you're following those recipes. Place them in a single layer on your drying tray and rotate those trays throughout the process. After you have dried those beautiful fruits and vegetables how do you use them? Well you can eat and enjoy as is. For fruits to plump or soften them you can cover them with liquid for five to ten minutes. You can also steam them for three to five minutes or just simply soak and let them simmer. For vegetables you can soak them for one to two hours and one to two cups of liquid per one cup of vegetables. You can also just add them straight to your soups without soaking. I hope you have enjoyed and learned a lot in drying. I hope that you are inspired to go out and dry some of your fruits and vegetables. If you have questions please feel free to call us. Please meet the Food Safety and Quality team. We are here to help you all across the state of Alabama. Please visit us on our website at www.asis.edu or follow us on Facebook at Asis Food Safety.


So hello everyone. Welcome to today's webinar in the education in time of new normal. This is our fifth webinar and we are having quite a little bit different topic today from the other sessions. This time we have changed a little bit format but also the topic in a way that we are not going to talk about experience and know how and practical advice for education but we are going to talk about the importance of the research for education. So while you are all getting into the room let me just give some brief introduction into today's session. So this is the fifth webinar in the Eden's Autumn initiative about education in time of new normal. After a very successful spring initiative and we tried to see how to pursue our support to teachers and educators into preparing their teaching and learning for the autumn as well as the educational institutions. I know that all of us hope that the pandemic will go away and that we could go back to normal before the March. But actually as the autumn is coming the pandemic is becoming more and more present and the numbers are already getting high. So it's a great chance that the education will have to move to online in much capacity than planned for the autumn. So in today's session we are going to talk about why research is important for enhancement of human experience of learning with technology and the reason for this session not the only one but the main reason for this session was that in less than 10 days we will have Eden research workshop. This is by annual activity which we are organizing and I think this year research workshop is the I would say the most important event in the education society because based on research we can adapt our teaching and learning to the needs of our students and definitely we can answer all the questions teachers have and institutional management how to organize teaching and learning in these times. Definitely it was the time this year quite fruitful for researchers because this pandemic that changed the shift from the normal situation enabled quite big field for research and definitely the results first results are out and from what I have seen in preparation of the research workshop and you will hear a little bit later from Antonio we have really high number of papers and contributions to the research workshop and definitely of high quality so I'm certain that the research workshop will be the top. So today we are having experts with us talking about the research workshop but also about the importance of the research we are going to take a peek into the program of Eden research workshop which is going to be on October 21st to 23rd and we will open the floor for discussion as well to hear your opinion about the importance of the research but also that you shared your experience how you integrated the information received found in the research into your teaching and learning. So I'm very happy that today with me two moderators of this session Alan Tait and Ines Giliaurena who are going to moderate the session as well as they are the have a role of moderators in the research workshop also Antonio Teixeira from University of Alberta who is the host of the Eden research workshop and I'm very sorry that we were not able to come to Lisbon but definitely we will use all the opportunities of being online to extend the possibility for participation to people who might not be able to come to Lisbon. Antonio is from really highly recognized and prominent university open university in Portugal and definitely their research and background will contribute to the quality of this research workshop. Also today with us is Joseph Duarte who is Eden Vice President for Research and also is a professor at University of Alberta in Catalonia in Spain and Ulrich Benart who is former Eden Vice President and Chair of the Board of Trustees and Directors of the Ulrich Benart Foundation for Research in Open and Distance Learning. He is a long time friend of Eden contributing and helping to extend our work in the field of research and to engage and enhance young researchers to be better and to work well. So I think that we have chosen quite well today's speakers because they can really have a big time, a big experience, long experience in the field of research but also can share their insights about important of the research for education. And now after my introduction I think it will be good that I give the floor to Antonio to present an overview of Eden Research Workshop Program. Program is already in the final phase. I don't know how we managed to put everything into three days because it seems to me that five days wouldn't be enough but let's see what you have prepared, Antonio. Thank you so much, Sander, for the kind introduction and also hello everyone. Good afternoon, good evening, good morning depending on your own time zone and well this is not just for politeness is because actually we will have not only the Eden community has members all over the world but the research workshop itself will have presentations coming from all continents so it is an important aspect to always remind. I'm going to share with you a brief presentation. Here we are. Okay, I hope that you can see it. So this is just a brief introduction to the program, a brief overview of the program as we have it already settled. As you know the Eden Research Workshops are well an initiative that started, well actually the initiative started with the millennium so it's the millennium Eden typical event. It started in 2000 in Prague and then we had all the research workshops have been organized by annual basis as Sander has already explained so we have here 11th so we had 10 before us. Prague, Ildesheim, Oldenburg, Castel de Feros, Paris, Budapest, Leven Oldenburg again and Barcelona. And of course now Lisbon well I was forgetting Oxford of course in 2014 which was a really successful research workshop and then now of course in 2020 in Lisbon it was designed to happen in Lisbon actually but it will be conducted online as you already know. In the design of the Lisbon research workshop of course apart from the lessons learned from the previous editions were also used so there is a kind of a mix well all the research workshops have a special feature of course but there are also some continuities that we can find and who can trace along the years. Well the topic as Sander has already reminded us is enhancing the human experience of learning with technology, new challenges for research in digital open business and network education and what is really interesting is that when this title was chosen and the event was designed we were long before actually imagining that we will be having the impact of the pandemic. So at that time it was already clear for us that the field of open business and digital education in general were expanding. Online education was becoming mainstream especially in higher education but also across the education sector a large number of new actors in the field were coming in and of course all of these required good quality standards and required quality of the experiences to be clearly improved and that depended clearly as well on the input from research. So research is critical in order not to only to assure that the widening of the field of online and digital education, open education will continue but it will be based on a good experience to the learners. Also as you know we are also embracing a new age in technology in which the non-human element is becoming also very important so this refocusing of learning with technology but never forgetting that the focus of this is the human experience of learning was important for us. Basically the idea that was in the basis of the designing of the call for the workshop. Getting into the programs one of the things that is slightly new we had already something of the sort in the Oxford Research Workshop but this time it's even more improved in the sense is the Rapporteur so all the activities of the research workshop will be followed up by these team of Rapporteurs led by Alan Tait, our distinguished Alan Tait that is here with us as well and also our dear colleague Ignatius is also here with us and they will be speaking about their impressions in a minute.  This report will be presented at the end of the research workshop and this will become a kind of a Lisbon message in the sense because it will sum up the state of the art of research and development in the online network education and technology learning field. They will be of course having a speech in the first day and in the last day because they will be announcing basically the major trends in the discussions and then presenting the report in the end. As for the keynote speakers they already announced but anyway let me just remind them in the first day, I mean the second day, it's day two so it's the first plenary keynote plenary. We'll have Tony Bates of course then Alan Elspers and Antoninova who is the Portuguese ambassador to the UNISP of the University of Lisbon. Well we'll have Tony and Alan sharing a little bit of their addresses later on in a minute. On the second day actually we'll have another important highlight which is the Oxford debate. We had an Oxford debate in Oxford actually but we're now doing it again as it was successful the first time and it will be shared by Alan, Alan Tait and we'll have speakers Mar Sanagustin on the right and Christina Costa on the left. They will be, as you probably know, assuming opposing positions in the debate and also they'll be debating and you will be asked to have to take a stand to take a position to vote for the best argument On the third day we'll start with a round table on open scholarship and actually on the new forms of open research and actually open publication, open science as well so these topics will be addressed and this round table will be shared by Ines and we'll have speakers Josep Duarte, Alison Little-John Maria McGrill and Eloy Houdrygish Finally, we'll have the on the closing keynote session it will start by Terry Anderson on the right and then we'll have Martin Miller and Mahabali they will be the speakers on the final keynote session. Just have a kind of an overlook of the program. This is not really final, as you can imagine, but this gives you an impression, an overview of how it will be arranged So in the first day we'll have the PhD symposium. We'll have also at the same time it will be announced very soon an activity with the NAP, the Network for Academics and Professionals Well, the major network in Europe for academics and professionals in our field we'll have the welcome ceremony by 5.30 CET and then on the second day we'll have the open plenary as already described. We have the parallel sessions we have actually close to 50 papers being presented and 15 posters as well and seven workshops so it's really full the program. We'll have also already told you about the standard debate. We have the ceremonies for the awards. Uli will be describing this more in detail and we'll be closing with the presentation of the recent report So 51 full papers 15 full posters, 7 workshops, 14 presentation actually we'll have even slightly more perhaps Uli's recognition it will be it is an even tradition, best research paper award which is very traditional as well and a new edition which is the best research improves award which will select the best poster presented So we'll have the three finalists being selected by a jury and then everyone participating in the conference will be getting the chance of voting for the best of those three. So I hope that we'll enjoy the Lisbon online research workshop 11 research workshop experience. We hope that you participate but can I just tell a little bit more Well, yes we can. So let's look a little bit of what Tony is going to prepare for us. So his keynote we also have this main topic, 10 lessons for online learning from sorry okay, 10 lessons for online learning from, oh sorry again from the perspective of research sorry, 10 lessons for online learning from the COVID-19 experience based on research this will be his approach. We have here also a slide while short introduction to the topic. It will be based on dozens of 12 research lessons that he has identified and now we're going to I'm going to finish the presentation and going to share, to stop sharing and go ask the colleagues in the secretary. So please feed in those other colleagues that will also be the keynote speakers that will be also announcing a little bit of what they will be talking about. We'll start by actually Ellen and then we'll go to well this will be the order in a sense we'll start by Ellen Elsper then we'll go to Terry Anderson and then finally to Mahabali. So let's see the videos Hello everyone I have a few meetings from London. Let me start by saying how wonderful it is to have been asked to be part of this Eden conference 2020. I guess I should introduce myself I'm Ellen Elsper and I'm a professor of digital inequalities at the London School of Economics and political science where I work at the Media and Communications department. The kind of work that I do looks at what the digitization means for vulnerable and disadvantaged groups in particular and that's also what my talk at the conference will kind of centre on. So I will discuss how our deep ideas and our thinking about who gets to take advantage of the digitization of society and the learning opportunities that are available in the digital world and how those ideas have changed over time and also how the pandemic in particular has kind of been a wake up call for all of us who are looking at the kind of inequalities in these opportunities to take advantage of these digital technologies and the content that's available on them. It has made us realise even further that not all young people are as digitally native as we think or thought they might have been and I will look at these and the kind of evidence for these inequalities through two projects that I am working on. One is the youth skills or why skills project and the other one is from digital skills to tangible outcomes project or the disto project. So these studies allow us to highlight which young people and their families are most at risk of being left behind as societies become increasingly digital and not just because they don't have access or the right kinds of access but also because they lack the resources that are needed such as literacy or digital skills that are needed to be able to kind of reap the benefits the online learning benefits that are available online and also the kind of they might lack the resources these skills to be able to avoid some of the risks that come with being online and being in this digital world. So for me it's important that it's not just about understanding who is and who isn't included in this digital society or able to participate in this digital world but it's also really important to understand why because when we understand why we can design more effective interventions or curricula shifts or develop support structures for those young people who are at risk of being excluded and not being able to take up these learning opportunities. So my talk will finish with the more kind of the practical implications for educators and policymakers and other stakeholders such as parents on where we can do the most effective interventions because I think all of us are interested in making sure that the future is not only just more digital but also more equal in terms of the learning opportunities that are going to be available for future generations and the current generation of course. So I really look forward to the conference. I hope you enjoyed this teaser and that you are getting excited about the conference I will see you there. Thank you. Good morning and greetings from Canada. It's a real pleasure to be able to be invited and an honor to be invited to do this keynote at Eden Research Network conference. I have a very soft spot in my heart for Eden Research conferences because it was the very first one international conference that I got invited to do a keynote at in Oldenburg many years ago and I guess I told enough jokes that I kept getting invited back. So I would have much sooner been able to enjoy some Portuguese culture and wine with you in Lisbon but I'm settling for a chance to talk to you and I hope that when this presentation goes that you'll have some comments and some questions for me and for all of us. So let me start by sharing my screen so the title of my talk is going to be a quality through three generations and aggregations of online learning and one thing that I've been sort of asking a lot of people that I meet whether they be students or teachers who have been thrust into teaching online since Covid times is how is your experience of online learning and what surprises me is the variety you hear you get some people say oh it's terrible I can't wait to get back to the classroom and others say oh this is the greatest thing I can have freedom to pay attention to what I want to pay attention to I can multitask, I can network with my friends I can take care of my kids well I'm still enrolled in school so that we get a huge variation and yet we call this all online learning so what I wanted to do in this presentation is talk about the different kinds of online learning and pay special attention to the different pedagogies that drive it and Samantha McMahon from Sydney wrote a blog where she says I kind of got better at teaching online when I stopped saying what I can't do and started asking better questions like what pedagogical principles drive what I normally do and then how can I appropriate and use those in an online environment and so what I'm going to do in the talk is to go through an older article that I wrote way back in 2011 with John Braun and I sort of looked at online learning through three different models or pedagogical designs that underplay it and what I'm going to do is try to talk about the newer technologies as they've evolved since 2011 and the research techniques that we can use to study each of these three and these three are behavioral cognitive model training, the social constructivist model which you probably are very familiar from classroom instruction at least a smaller classroom instruction and then the emergent connectivist pedagogic for online learning and I hope that these advice I go through each of these you'll see which one resonates most specifically with yourself and your teaching institution and your teaching context and I think that's important with your students. So with that I will pause and end by just saying that I'm looking forward to talking to you at the Eden Research Conference number 11. Thanks very much. Hi everyone, this is Mahabeli from the American University in Cairo in Egypt and I'm supposed to be recording a teaser for my keynote on October 23rd for Eden Research Workshop and I'm completely settled on what I'm going to say on a keynote like two weeks ahead. So I'm just going to tell you that after about 18 years of experience in e-learning this past year with the pandemic has made me rethink a lot of what I believe about online learning about open education, about social justice and education. So I'm going to be talking about a lot of my recent research that I've published related to open education online learning looks different to me in light of the pandemic and what I'm planning to be researching in the future given the experiences I've now had learning to just be a faculty developer a teacher and public scholar in the time of COVID-19. Looking forward to seeing you there. Well this gives you a kind of overview as well of four different approaches to the topics of the conference and also quite representative of different experiences, different backgrounds different well generations as well and these I suppose well I hope it will be giving you some kind of anticipation to the conference and will also be relevant to build up your interest for the conference. Well thank you very much Sandra, back to you. Thank you Antonio. Well really really good teasers I'm already exciting about the conference and looking for research workshop and looking forward to their speeches but definitely the issues which are going to be presented are these that online learning and online education is not something new but in the time of pandemic lots of things have changed and we cannot have the same idea and experience about online and distance learning as before. Also as you have seen and it was emphasized in these teasers that the research show that we have to think about a number of issues which become quite visible during pandemic and this is how can learners participate in online education, what are their barriers for participating equally with others also how a teacher going to use online technologies and now when they are faced with issues that they cannot say anymore I don't think so or I can't know how to implement digital technologies in order to ensure the quality of education. So number of issues and definitely I'm very happy to see the number of papers which will present recent researches in this field and again I think that moment is that we can emphasize the importance of digital education at this moment as such when we have these issues that face-to-face is no longer option in many countries and still the infrastructure is also not available and good in a way it should be. So number of questions to be looked at online education and distance education from the different angle with new insights and new data and now I'm going to pass the floor to Alan and Ines Alan Tate is even former president and also as Antonio I'm always very happy to have guys with me, my former president so Alan and Ines I'm giving the floor to you and you can start about expectations, your expectations for the discussion main trends that are expected in research workshop and which are significant today. So thank you very much Sandra and thank you to Antonio for this invitation and greetings to all colleagues across Europe and why further a field I'm sure of major expectation I've got is a huge pleasure I've got to work with Ines on this project and the second expectation has been completely disappointed which is that I was going to spend three days in Lisbon which I was so looking forward to. So that's a little bit about expectations but the research workshop title, why research is important for enhancing human experience of learning with technology in a sense answers itself how could it not be important would common sense be adequate I don't think common sense will be at all adequate we've seen a lot of populism which attacks expertise it's a kind of anti modernization so if we don't think common sense is adequate and I firmly don't, what sort of research are we expecting to see and I think these themes which are set out on the Eden Research Workshop website are the right sorts of themes, there are three which I'm looking forward to exploring further and the first one, the first thing to say is that of course it's not new the fact that technology has shaped the human experience of learning is not new so we must try and discriminate between what is new and what is not new, the book of course 500 years ago was a huge impact on human learning and it's a form of technology but today I think the scale of technology reach is quite extraordinary so we've had 30 years which I certainly didn't expect of our society and our educational institutions being reshaped our economy being reshaped, our private lives being reshaped our health systems being reshaped and of course our education systems being reshaped have been extraordinary we've seen the commoditization of data with reaching to our day to day behaviors being collected analyzed, sold and resold in ways which surely merits research we cannot read anything, we cannot walk out of our front door without our mobile phones recording that collecting that data and passing it on and in fact selling it and reselling our private lives is having major implications for the power of the state and the power of capital and it is our witting and unwitting cooperation which makes all that possible that is our deliberate cooperation but also our naive and innocent cooperation which has recognized so well about a year ago in that book by Shoshana Zuboth the Agents of Agents Capitalism and this is very relevant in our world too as the recent and very interesting resistance to learning analytics and to online proctoring as shown with students and academics saying this is intruding into our private lives into ways that we find unacceptable and we also have in terms of our relationships what you might call the move from community to a sort of etiolated individualism that is networks of community with shallow relationships, not deep relationships if you like we surf personal relationships now as well as we surf the web and so I think this whole way in which our personal relationships and our relationships in education are being reshaped is a research focus that I look forward to exploring who is included and who is excluded continues to be a very very important theme. We discovered in campus based universities over the last six months in the UK which were all shut down in April that 16% of university students did not have a laptop that is in the sixth largest economy in the world so we can imagine what the impact on inclusion and exclusion is in other places which are less rich than the UK and so we need research to remind policy makers and institutional leaders how patterns of exclusion are made and remade by the digital revolution and they excluded are invisible they're completely invisible the decisions about the price to pay and the acceptable balance between exclusion and inclusion is political but the evidence for such decisions needs to come from us and I'm looking forward to the research workshop and seeing more of that as I think we will do. I also want to see more research about the way in which learning and pedagogy is changing with the widespread availability of resources not just open education resources but the enormous range of resources that we can find on the web and I hope we're going to move away from the tired to me somewhat tired rhetoric of open education resources I'm moving to more research about open education practice can we create more case studies of open education practice can we better define the digital skills needed by successful learners as outcomes of their engagement with open educational practice and can we reassess the economics of online learning using open education practice so I hope research into pedagogy and open education practice will be available to us and lastly and perhaps worryingly I think we need more research into the issues of academic integrity the issue of the sale of academic assessed work personalization of projects and theses and plagiarism are all significantly worse I've been working with the University of London over the last three months on their examination and assessment system and they've got very very significant issues here and the digital revolution has accelerated the scale and the commoditization of this problem although the problem in itself is not new so we need more research into assessment for learning which protects us against threats to academic integrity and I see from the research themes that I think I'm going to be rewarded in this research workshop because I think all of those are present and I'm very much looking forward to working within this to see how the research workshop works out as a whole and to give you some feedback cooperatively between the two of us at the end so let me finish there and pass it back to you Sandra or directly to Ines Ines please continue, thank you Alan Thank you Sandan, thank you Alan and hello everyone, for me it's a pleasure and a big challenge as well to be in this responsibility as a co-reporter with Alan and to what I have heard up to now from the videos from the keynotes and the teasers and also Sandra's abstract or summary and also Alan's expectations, I share a lot of them and I think I will find my expectations covered in the research workshop and I think one of the topics that will be present during all the research workshops is the pandemic because of course eLearning has spread as an emergency solution for many teachers, many students and it's most present ever but I think one of the values of this research workshop is that there is a big background and expertise and historical perspective and historical solutions to many problems or issues that newcomers are facing now, so we don't need to reinvent the wheel or go again and again to the same issues but we have a lot of research and practice and a lot of experience that I think there will be a lot of insight from many keynotes and many presenters at the conference, both experienced practitioners and researchers but also newcomers I think it can be quite balanced during the conference and one of the topics I think has been especially challenging and Alan talked about it as well has been the assessment, it had to be an e-assessment for many universities especially right before the summer and I think this is a very relevant issue and I hope to see some reflections and research and experiences during the conference about that, not only on the technological part but on the ethical part also has to do with the proctoring and ethical issues about privacy, plagiarism but also about scalability and how, for instance in my university we have seen that the assessment rates have increased so we have more students taking the final exams given it was online so there are many issues there to reflect about and also I think the topic of the conference is very it puts the emphasis in a very relevant and sometimes forgotten aspect and it's about the human and the social interaction and social aspects of e-learning we are very, even now during the research work so we are missing Lisbon but we are somehow present there but the human side I think it will be very relevant during the conference and I think or I expect to have a lot of also more qualitative research and qualitative reflections about these more social and more ethical and more human aspects and one of the key teachers talk about the inclusion and accessibility, we will talk about that also in the session about open scholarship about many issues that have to do with human aspects of e-learning so I'm both very excited and maybe afraid or scared about the conference but I think it will be very nice we can get many lessons and insight from it, thank you Thank you Alain, thank you Ines Yes, it's challenging to do fully online and definitely aspect of perhaps the humanization of learning and working together because of the technology is very important and I'm also very happy that Alain stressed very important issue of academic integrity which has also become quite visible and actual especially now with moving fully online when we have online exams from one point of view we have to prepare teachers how to prepare such exams because they cannot be just face-to-face exam to do the online environment on the other hand we have to make clear rules and guidelines to learners how to participate in such exams I know from my personal point of view as supporting teachers in higher education in Croatia that issue of exams was the highest on the agenda during whole summer and this is something definitely people are going to talk about but as well the issue that Ines said socialization and human aspect are very much important in social environment I know that lots of students are lacking this possibility to go to somewhere to go to campus to meet colleagues to chat with them, to be present it's not easy to start for example to be freshman in online university I have my daughter who is freshman now because and she has to do everything online and she's missing so much social contact with colleagues and now you can see actually something how it is on the other side I'm very happy that she is able to do lots of things online she can organize much better her time because of this online part but the meeting colleagues and see how it looks like to be in the classroom attending the lecture is very important part also why the research workshop is very important and I think it's maybe unique in that way that because we attract young researchers and PhD students and providing some kind of guidelines and the possibilities to become researchers in the future so I'm now moving to Joseph because he's coordinating the PhD symposium activity which is going at all our activities so Joseph can you please report how this research how this PhD symposium within the research workshop is going to be organized, why is it important and how how it's organized so how we organize such activities Yes Sandra thank you very much thank you to me this possibility to explain all of you everything related to our Eden PhD symposium let me just share my screen now with you just a few words to introduce this is our fifth Eden PhD symposium in our research workshops we like to have a particular part for young researchers and some years ago we decided to organize a particular event at the beginning of the research workshops and also in our annual conferences dedicated to the PhD candidates and also to the supervisors the idea here is just to offer to the PhD candidates the people that are doing research in the field of learning and technology and has learning and to provide with them an opportunity to discuss about these topics in front of an expert panel of the Eden members that means the goals of the main aims of this PhD symposium is the idea is to create a community in the intellectual exchange and support I think we are achieving this goal because many of the people that submit proposals for PhD symposiums are not the first time sometimes people that during the process of the PhD as you know it usually takes 3 or 4 years using this platform to discuss the proposals and to have feedback not only for international experts also that is also very interesting as a community for their peers this PhD symposium prefer to them the opportunity to have also to share with other PhD candidates about their research proposals inside of Eden we organize the speech symposium with an Eden committee I am the chair of this committee but this committee is people senior fellows like Wim and Sara and Irina and Albert and I am sorry I recognize that I miss Alan but Alan will be not able for the session but he is also here in this PhD symposium committee and usually we add people from the professors, teachers, PhDs from the hosting universities in that case you can see here Antonio Quintas, Lucia Mante, Teresa Cardoso Maria do Carmo Teixeira Pinto from the Universidad de Portugal we recognize that we are so happy because we have 14 submissions for this online PhD symposium as you can see from different continents from Europe from America and also from Asia it's 14 submissions but made by 30 authors which is a huge interesting number of people and the way that we developed this is just with an introduction, a short introduction at the beginning with Sandra Cushinas a president of Eden Antonio Teixeira as a hosting institution and myself by special research and we recognize these in three panels each PhD candidate has the opportunity to present a short PowerPoint with his or her main questions for the expert panels not about the methodology or the research goals or the topic etc and have an open discussion with his panel and also at the end of each one session with the peers or the people attending to this session we will have three sessions and at the end we have a short closing session with Anthony Teixeira and myself thank you very much and I hope to see you again here in the PhD symposium on 21st and morning, thank you very much thank you Joseph a very high number of PhD participants we have that is very good I think that the PhD symposium has started to become quite recognized in that way that the young PhD students it doesn't have to be young but I'm always saying the person is young as long as they want to be young and symposium students here can get some valuable feedback and insights into progress on their work from recognized and prominent international professors I think this is really high added value to their research and I'm very happy that we have such a activity and that number of students, PhD students is always raising higher let me move to the next speaker to Ulrich Benner because we have even the best research award paper and Uli foundation is supporting this so maybe Uli you can tell us a little bit about history how it started the significance importance of this award and how the selection process is going on I know that lots of young researchers are very much interested to participate because of this reward thank you Sandra for giving me this opportunity to talk to you hello friends, hello colleagues and participants in 2008 we started to introduce a rather rigorous standard evaluation system to pick out the best research paper out of all papers which are submitted to the annual conferences as well as to the annual research workshops the research foundation takes the lead in the procedures and the most important first step while taking the lead is to pre-select the ones that most likely have a chance to win the award with this pre-selected shortlist and jury comes in a jury which consists of an outstanding internationally renowned expert in our field an independent international expert in addition to this one a representative of the Eden Executive Committee a representative of the hosting university or hosting country and the foundation takes part in the final votes of the jury the jury discusses the shortlist and usually this is hard work because while applying the six rigorous evaluation criteria I try to present them in short papers have to convincingly address the theme of the conference papers have to deal with research questions that are of relevance for conference participants we expect a rigorous examination rigorous research methods which are applied findings, results and outcomes should be convincingly presented and critically examined and conclusions should be thoroughly discussed and we expect that aspects like applicability, transferability and further research are taken into regard and finally we expect that the literature is reused against the state of the art you can imagine that none of the papers scores in all these six criteria on the highest level and that usually more than one paper reaches a high score and the jury's task is to discuss which of the papers not only reaches the highest score sometimes there are several but which of them addresses the expectations on the highest level in a few cases juries couldn't make a decision on one paper, we've also had two winners but not more a jury needs to make this final decision and just yesterday the jury came to a final conclusion on who will be the winner this time out of the 51 papers that were submitted it's quite hard to make these decisions but names like Michael Moore Otto Peters, Alan Tate Albert Sangra Mora Terry Anderson, Tony Bates and others stand for this final decision and of course in good consent with the jury members their aim usually is to decide in good consent and this takes off in quite long discussions and then in the end winners come from all over the world winners from Canada, Ireland, France, Portugal Germany, Sweden, United States of America Norway, Switzerland, Spain, United Kingdom Italy, South Africa, Denmark, Croatia, Turkey the Netherlands, this was 2018, I have not completed the list until the latest, yeah that's how it works and we can say in the meantime that this is a competition that is attractive we can see that more and more papers aim at winning the award as fortunately it became a reputable award and we hope things will go on like they went since 2008 quite successfully that's it thank you Ulif, thank you so much I was very happy when Croatia got the best research paper award it was like a prestige I'm certain that this award is becoming quite significant part of our activities and definitely element that is bringing the research workshop to a success and I'm very happy that you are leading this reviewing and organizing the choice, the selection because definitely I know that it's going to be on the highest possible level it could be and that the award are really deserved definitely also the jury is always really selected by a number of prominent recognized experts internationally so definitely when you reach such award every person is very very happy so we have gave you now the peek into what we are planning for this research workshop this year and now we are opening the floor for questions at the moment I don't see any questions that we have but if you do have questions we can put this question into questions and answers or if you are following us on YouTube you can post it on the YouTube my question maybe to Antonio while we are waiting for the participants will ask something is how do you find that online such big online research workshop is going to influence people in Portugal to do more research would it give some incentives in a way that people become more active in research well I think so but this is not mainly in Portugal I think the impact of activities as we already talked about it are spread all over the world and this focus that even has always had on the importance of research to inform practice by doing so also have some kind of role in defining the practices run according to good quality standards that are of course research based these cycle that even has always fostered I think it's well not only a trademark of the association but also something that has been carried all through the years and will now become even more important for the next years so I would say yes of course the impact of such events will foster research but it will foster on a different direction that we have seen so far because as well as a consequence of the impact of the pandemic this movement that we had already been witnessing for some years of widening the field so of having more people more colleagues across the education sectors to involve in online education and distance education so this trend and digital forms of education or technology has learning in this sense these movement will of course be much reinforced as a result of the pandemic and in that sense it's critical at this point that events as this one will be inspiring colleagues all over the world to do research on our own and we already witnessed that in the program so amongst the submissions that we received this year and a higher number than typically we can already spot a number of new researchers in the field that were not actually conducting research on this topic some years ago so there is an increase to this event not only will inspire more researchers to research on these topics but is already a reflection of the widening of the community of researchers as well and this I think is very important also very significant is that well most of the expectations that were shared by Alan and Dinesh are already covered in the submissions that we received so this is a very good indicator as well and the quality level of the submissions is high which is also a good indication that not only more researchers are coming to this to our field but they are bringing important approaches that are also going to improve the quality of the research that we're conducting and so I think that there is a very beneficial movement that is actually emerging and that this research workshop that well could have been postponed but actually it didn't so unfortunately we didn't because we can now have this event as an historical landmark that can represent at the best this turning point in the history of our field as well thank you Antonio thank you very good points and actually making the summary for me in the end we just have one question when the program will be available online do you know when the program will be online well I'm not so sure but so I think in a few days basically as I've told you before in my presentation it's basically settled so it will be online this week yeah definitely okay thank you so much I think that we are coming to the end with our session today I would like to thank Antonio for taking care of the research workshop and for hosting us in Lisbon online in less than two weeks to Alan and Ines who are taking the role of reporters who will have very demanding and challenging three days or two days to follow all what's going on and prepare some kind of a summary to reach us at the end we will enjoy but it is quite demanding task I'm thanking to Joseph for PhD Symposium he's on the agenda first day with PhD and to Uli for the best research paper award already taking organization and selection and he's now looking for the best part to announce the winner in the workshop so I'm inviting all of you to come and join the Eden Research Workshop and participate be active and take part in research and contribute in the future to Eden with your research results and also for the next Monday I'm announcing next time we will talk about new digital education action plan and we will have colleagues from European Commission presenting this plan so stay with us next Monday as well and then we will all go to Lisbon to research workshop see you then, bye to everyone, thank you bye bye


So let's do this one. It says, give the quantum numbers for the third electron in sodium. Okay? So the first thing that I like to do with these ones is to build the electron orbital diagram. Okay? So if you remember, the easiest way to recall how to do that is to write the electron configuration first. Okay? So do you want to help me with the electron configuration? So what is it first? One s. One s. Two. Okay. One s. Two s. No, two s. Two s. Two s. And then two p6. Two p6. And then two s. No, one s. Three s. Three s. One s. One s. Okay? So that's the electron. Learn how to do your electron configuration. So guys. So now we can put our orbitals in order. Like the ladder. Okay? Like we were drawing. So remember, one s is at the bottom. How many orbitals are in the one s sub-level? Right? Just one. Okay? How can we tell? Well, there's only two fit in there. Okay? Next is the two s. Just one orbital. Then the two p. How many orbitals are in that one? Three. Three. And then the three s. Just one. Just one. Okay? Now we want to fill up the electrons. So two, four, ten, eleven. Okay? We have eleven electrons. We better have eleven electrons here. Okay? So how do we fill them up? Remember, off-file principle, tons-rule, poly-exclusion principle. Okay? So up. Up and down. Up. Up. Down. That one's just up. That one's up. Very good. So what was the third electron? So let's count it. One, that's the third electron. So let's just circle that. Okay. In order to remind ourselves, you know, which one we're working with. Okay? So now, what are the quantum numbers? Do you remember what their symbols are? M sub-L. M sub-L. We say M sub-L. Okay? M sub-S. M sub-S. Yeah. Very good. Okay? So, and, do you remember where we get that from? From the principle energy number. Okay? The principle energy level. So since this, since we're looking at this one here, it's in the two. That's M. L. Okay? Remember, L, that's just telling you, this is like angular momentum, we call it. Okay? But it, all it's telling you is, what orbital am I in? Am I in an S orbital, a P orbital, a D orbital, or an F orbital? What orbital am I in? S. S orbital. Okay? So S is always zero. Always zero. So what's L gonna be? Zero. Zero, okay? And remind, remember, M sub-L can only be from plus L to minus L. So what does M sub-L have to be? Zero. Zero as well. Okay? And M sub-S, that just tells us, am I on my feet or am I on my head? Okay? Did I go in first or do I go in second? So which, did this go in first or second? First. First. So this one is going to be positive, right? So plus, okay? And the S is just only the negative half or positive. Yeah, it's either gonna be a negative or a negative one half. Let's do one more, okay? So that one was pretty easy. Let's do a harder one. Maybe one of these P, hopefully I have another color here. Okay, so let's do this one. There. Okay? So what electron is that? Let's just figure it out. So one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten. So we're doing the tenth electron. So this was the third electron. Now we're doing the tenth, okay? So N, L, M sub L, and M sub S, okay? So can you tell me what N is? The third. Oh, no, no, the second. So two. Two. Right? So remember, L tells us what type of orbital we're in, right? So what is L gonna be? That's gonna be... Do you remember it? So S is zero. P is the next one. That's where we're in, right? What's after zero? The next number. Next energy. Yeah, so it's one, okay? So it goes zero for S, one for P, two for D, three for F, okay? So P, what is this gonna be if it's a P there? It's gonna be a one. One. So M sub L, what are the numbers that it could be? So it's gonna be... Well, what could it be? It could be one, one, negative one, negative one, or zero. Zero, right? Okay. So remember we labeled... Remember we were labeling these orbitals? Which one would this one be? Do you remember? If you don't, it's alright. No. This one's negative one, okay? Oh, okay. This one's zero, and this one's one. This one's positive, or one, okay? So what is M sub L gonna be then? Where's that electron? Yeah, it's M1. And then the last thing, did that electron go in first or second to that orbital? Second. Second. So what is this gonna be then? It's gonna be... Negative one half, right? Because negatives are the second one. Oh, okay. Okay? Just like you said, the first one comes in as the positive one. Okay? That's how to do that. Questions? I think we probably covered most of them, right? Yeah.