hello everyone today we are going to talk about what should i eat for diabetes okay now i'm going to summarize exactly what we are going to talk about and you decide if you want to watch the entire video or not i'm dr. ahmet ergin i'm the founder of sugar mds.com and today you are going to get a very nice comprehensive review of diet and diabetes now we are going to talk about why diet is so important for diabetes right and we are going to give you some secrets about losing weight how to lose weight with diabetes we are going to talk about carbohydrate consistency why it is so important to be consistent with carbohydrates we are going to talk about carbohydrate counting if you want to be precise with carbohydrate counting especially if you're on multiple daily insulin injections sometimes you have to be and we will talk about how to count carbs precisely we are going to talk about the serving size carbohydrates fats proteins how much you should eat how do you calculate and at the end of the video we are going to talk about what should i eat and with that let's move on before we jump into the details i want to explain to you what diabetes is so if you're a new diabetic most of the time people do not really understand why they became diabetic of course genetic factors contribute to it but the bottom line especially for type 2 diabetics right so what happens is in time our body become insulin resistant so insulin is the hormone that allows your body to utilize the glucose which is the primary energy source so if your body is not able to get that glucose within the cells then you're not going to feel good your blood sugars will stay high it's like you have million dollars locked in the bank but you cannot pull your money that's that's miserable right so the most of the time that's how patients with type 2 diabetes feel they're tired and they keep gaining weight also the reason for gaining weight again the problem with type 2 diabetes is not necessarily totally deficiency of insulin they do not respond normal or even high levels of insulin so most patients with type 2 diabetes actually have high insulin levels not too low but they are unfortunately insulin resistant and that is a problem especially every time they eat a carbohydrate containing food their blood sugar tend to rise quickly because the insulin they have in their system is not working properly okay let's talk about why diabetes is so important now when we treat anybody with diabetes we have something called abc of diabetes right so a is your a1c so if you do not know what a1c means or you may have a little idea but not not too much you can definitely go to our website we have an entire article about that at sugarmds.com forward slash diabetes dash education so or just go to our website and go to diabetes education tab and you will find our article about that now a is the a1c right and then b is the blood pressure and c is the cholesterol so if you bring your a1c down but do not control your blood pressure or your cholesterol then you will still have problems as we discussed in our previous videos two-thirds of patients with diabetes die from heart attacks or strokes and these happen not just because of a high blood sugar but they also have accompanying blood pressure and cholesterol problems and every time your blood sugar is high your blood pressure and cholesterol goal is even normal than a normal individual so you may get hit with a blood pressure of 150 over 90 with diabetes way faster than somebody who does not have diabetes cholesterol is the same way a normal cholesterol does not necessarily mean normal for a patient with diabetes their upper level is much lower when you have diabetes so for example the LDL cholesterol the bad cholesterol should be less than 100 for every diabetic although the upper limit of normal can go up to 160 when you run a blood test it may look okay in a regular for a regular person but when you have diabetes your goal of LDL is much lower because in the environment of high glucose the cholesterol makes a bigger impact to block your arteries and cause a heart attack so as a result when we talk about diet for diabetes we are not only targeting your blood sugar but we are also targeting your blood pressure and then your cholesterol as well of course the key to improve your abc for diabetes is losing weight so how do we really lose weight then right so i'm going to give you a quick formula in terms of how much calories you should eat right so that's a common question that i get from my diabetic patients is doctor how much should i eat now of course counting calories and counting carbs is going to be extremely useful but if you don't know what you're counting to then that's not really going to help you right so you can count your calories but if you're counting your 5000 calories every day of course there's too much everybody would know that but if you don't know your personal goal then you will never achieve the weight loss goals which will improve your abc your blood pressure and your cholesterol now how do you determine how much you should eat to lose weight so first you determine what is your basal uh caloric needs right so or overall needs for any individual who's an active let's say talk about an active man and men and women are different age makes a difference sometimes but let's talk about an active man when i say active man somebody who's always out at work who works out and and and those people generally require 15 calories per pound so if you are 200 pound individual that means that you're really you know muscular and fit you're gonna need around 15 times 200 that is around 3000 calories that is to maintain your weight so if you're a sedentary man if you're a woman uh then you're probably or an active woman i would say an active woman woman uh and sedentary men will need 13 calories per pound why am i putting the sedentary man an active woman just in the same bucket just because overall men burn more energy more calories they are more muscular their bone mass is bigger it's just a natural thing that the men burn more calories at the same uh weight so as a result 13 calories is if you're sedentary and if you're women active women we are looking around 13 calories per pound to maintain your weight okay now the next next class would be sedentary women or women who's uh after menopausal or after in their 40s uh generally they need 10 calories per pound to maintain their weight again these are both part figures you may have a high metabolism or lower metabolism but that's not going to be like 50 to 60 difference if you are an individual with low metabolism maybe you will have a 20 less needs than a person with a high metabolism the common problem we see all the time is um uh under estimation of calories uh if the studies show that when men and women estimate that they are eating 1500 calories they are typically eating around 2000 but they underestimate down to 1500 and that's because of the calculation problems but also psychologically we tend to underestimate um that so if you're pregnant women that would be around 15 to 17 uh calories per pound so once you determine that how much you need you need to subtract 500 to 1000 calories from that number in order to lose one to two pounds of um weight a week and that is the healthy amount of weight that you can lose so let's say a sedentary man uh or or let's say sedentary women uh age of 42 and she is 150 pounds so her needs are 1500 calories right so for her to lose one pound a week she should go down to 1000 calories and when I say 1000 calories I mean it that means that you have to calculate and be serious about you know when you're counting your carbs and now we're going to move on to you know how to count carbohydrates and consistency and so forth and that's going to give you a very good idea okay let's start with carbohydrate consistency and carbohydrate counting the reason we emphasize carbohydrate consistency in a lot of individuals is if you know what is coming in then your medications can be adjusted a lot easier right so so if you are on uh let's say a gliposide or a gliboride or glimoporide uh when the doctors give you that medication your insulin levels go up so if you are not providing a steady amount of uh glucose to your system uh then your blood sugars will drop now doctors will give you a dose based on what they estimate your needs are and let's say you're taking 5 milligram of gliposide right and then you are eating 60 grams of carbohydrates per meal and that is helping you out great uh you're not gaining weight you're not losing weight that is perfect uh if you are gaining weight that means that we have to cut down on your calories including your carbohydrates so sometimes we tell them to eat 45 grams but that comes with the reduction in the medication dose as well so i always tell my patients do not change your diet drastically without telling me because the medications you're on is based on what your needs are at that time if your needs change your medications needs to change as well and when you are not an expert in this area when you try to manage yourself and you doctor yourself most of the time you will get put yourself into trouble so please do not do that so carbohydrate consistency is also important for people as we said taking oral medications but for patients who are taking insulin as well if they're not willing to count carbs as we discussed in our previous video where i talk about how to take insulin safely uh we get into detail about this uh but here i'm going to explain briefly that if you are consistent with your carbohydrates per meal then your insulin is also consistent then they are going to match and you should not have any problem right so we are going to talk about how to really estimate because you cannot always look at the label sometimes you just have to estimate and to estimate we look at the um the hand our hand is the best guide so a fist will equal to a one cup of carbohydrates so if you just make a small fist look at the food look at your fist you can estimate that that would be a one cup of uh that carbohydrate uh if your palm could be equal to three ounces again the thickness of your palm and the the width of your palm would determine uh three ounces of uh food typically we use ounces for the protein your thumb uh will be around one ounce of uh food so these are just general guidelines to help you uh now with carbohydrate counting if you want to get more education and training and want to be more into it and adjust your insulin as you go because some people are not very regular they just they're younger maybe or their lifestyle is different they eat outside and so forth uh they may not be very consistent they may not uh meal prep or they may not be home or whatever it may be uh those people need more flexibility for those patients um especially if you're on insulin uh for them to be able to adjust their insulin let's say one day at lunch they are taking five units next day they are taking 10 units next day they are taking eight units they can do that as long as they know what is their insulin the carb ratio is which means that if they know how much insulin they need for a certain amount of carbs let's say if let's say they need one unit for 15 grams of carbs then they know that if they're eating 45 grams of carbs then they are getting three units of insulin or if it is one unit for 10 grams of carbs then if they are eating 45 grams then they're gonna get four to five units of insulin so we are going to jump into now how to actually estimate how to do a plate method where we actually especially if you're a new diabetic we explain to you you know how you how to create a plate let's move on to that right now okay this is how a plate should look like for pretty much any healthy individual but also patients with diabetes so basically you should have one fourth of your plate consisting of carbs and this carbs should be right around the size of a small computer mouse does it look like a mouse yes it does now your meats also should be one fourth of your plate and that should be at least three ounces but depending on your body size and protein requirement you can definitely eat more protein the key here is to eat a lean protein that could be a lean chicken or fish fish fatty fish is okay because it's healthy fat but for example a red meat has a lot of unhealthy saturated fat so we are avoiding that however non fatty lean meats are okay and if you are big and if you're working out trying to build muscle it is okay to have more meat unless you have special contraindications now the grains are okay to have as much as possible at least half of your plate one cup of uncooked vegetables is only five grams so you don't have to count that you only start counting these green vegetables if you are eating more than three cups which is more than 15 grams of carbohydrates since we talked about the plate method now i want to talk to about the exchange system now once you determine that you want to have three servings of carbs for example in the one fourth of your plate then then you have to write to change now but you have to really know how much of rice is how much of a pasta one serving of a pasta versus one serving of a potato versus one serving of a rice one serving of a bread so as long as you understand that exchange concept then then i can tell you that for example eat three servings of carbs then that three servings could be three different carbs if you're having a one serving of each or you can have two servings of one carb and one serving of another type of carb then that also will fit the bill so we talked about dividing our plate we talked about having one third of one fourth of the plate as carbs and one fourth as protein and one half as raw vegetables salads etc now how do we really estimate and how we really come up with a quick determination so basically if you're having pasta one third of a cup would be your your your 15 grams of carbs which is one serving for rice that is also one third of a cup for potato boiled potato it is half of a cup for bread it's one slice for corn it is half of a cup again the computer mouse can give you a size estimation in terms of your pasta rice potato as far as one starch choice as 15 grams and if you have the whole cup of pasta or whole cup of rice that means that you are having three choice which is total of 45 grams since one choice is around 15 grams again you can change you don't have to eat the same things you just have to be consistent in terms of total carbohydrates you eat in most cases or if you're counting carbs you can take a very variable amount of insulin depending on how much carbs you're eating but if your doctor prescribed you a fixed amount of insulin per meal and it prescribed you a certain amount of carbs and if that is easier for you to do so rather than just keep counting carbs then you can just estimate how much carbs you are eating trying to stick to your bold part figure around 45 to 60 or whatever is recommended for you and you can exchange pasta to rice rice the potato bread the corn whatever you feel like eating you all you have to know is how much of that food is equal to one exchange which is 15 grams of carbs when it comes to your protein this is your size size of a deck of a card cards that is basically is telling you that's around three ounces you can use your palm as we discussed so that is another way of doing it so palm of your hand is around three ounces or you can just imagine size of a deck of cards so you can this could be this could be chicken this could be fish or beef whatever it may be for those people for those people who actually want to precise the con carbs it takes time and effort yes you know sitting down with the educator helps but the educator is not going to infuse the information to your brain and lock it in so now i'm going to show you a table where you can actually see commonly eat and carbs they're commonly chosen carbs by many of us and once you practice it once you understand what you're doing what you're eating commonly then it's going to the repetition is the key you know once you understand how much how much of a rice you're eating and how much of a carb is that or how much of a bread you're eating and how much of a carb is that then you get the hang of it then you don't have to necessarily open a book or google things or you know or go to your app to necessarily find out so once you know you know that that becomes an essential information for you but i think that is the key understanding so let's go to commonly consumed carbohydrates and we'll take it from there so i am going to give you this table here to give you an idea you can take a screenshot if you want to basically this gives you a serving size or portion for common foods that we typically eat and like and enjoy right so let's go over a few of this the bread part that where most of my patients love for example bagel i test my patients for example how much one bagel contain how much carbs one bagel contain and they will most of the time not know they will make estimations but half the time or more than half the time they're wrong and i think an educated patient is the best patient in my opinion you do not have to be smart you don't have to be rich you don't have to be tax savvy all you have to know is your carbohydrates and educated patient is the best patient in my eyes because that will help you in the long run and in the short run to determine the best way of managing your diabetes as this is the fundamental of diabetes care where we most of the time fold short now one bagel will be around 60 grams why because one fourth of the bagel is around 15 grams right so that is our one serving is only one fourth of a bagel so if you're eating the whole bagel you're eating 60 grams right so one serving is 15 grams that the whole bagel will be 60 grams if you look at bread if it is a very reduced calorie which is hard to find but if you do you can have two slices of those more like a typical bread if you look at the label if the if the one serving is 15 grams and it's 15 grams if the one serving is 10 grams is 10 grams you just need to know how much it is per slice English muffin typically is 30 grams the total thing so half of that will be only one serving which is your 15 grams I wouldn't I don't want to call it one serving because you do not just have to have just 15 grams which is too little actually so most of us will eat 45 60 or 75 depending on your activity level so as a result as long as you know that half of an English muffin is your 15 gram exchange then when you know that you're eating two English muffins you're pretty much having 60 grams of total carbohydrates or four servings of total carbohydrates your pancake is around one your pita six inches it grows is if you're having half of that pita that would be 15 grams one plain roll would be one serving a taco shell of five inches across will be two serving which is 30 grams a tortilla is one a waffle is one if it is four by four again your cereals your couscous your granola grits pasta you can find all these here for your information I'm not gonna go word because that is really a long list here again your fruits a lot of people ask me you know what should they eat we have a separate video in terms of the fruits and how much fruits can be eaten and their serving size etc but if you look at here for example banana is a lot of people's favorite a half a banana around four ounces will be your 15 grams so if you are having a sizable banana a full banana then that would be around 30 grams of carbs on the other hand apple one small apple will be 15 grams cherries 12 of them will be 15 grams three dates would be 15 grams and so forth again the fruits have different glycemic indexes so you need to pay attention to that as well my favorite fruits are blueberries blackberries and let's see orange is good in terms of the glycemic index being low strawberries are good raspberries are good watermelon is not that good so you have to pay attention to that grapes are not that great honeydew is not good these these ones when I say not good I mean it's going to spot your blood sugar due to glycemic index but bottom line this is a good list and you can definitely google anything if you just google and say okay you know whatever that could be just write it down let's say an apple and just put a space and carbs google will pull up from millions of websites exactly what you're looking for and will pop up onto your face and that is as easy as that for people with smartphones that's great for our less tech savvy patients or older patients I recommend them to carry a carbohydrate book which is not that difficult it is a small book and as I said before if you continue to practice that you will be a pro you'll be an expert you will not have to look at carbohydrate content in an apple every day if you're eating apple every day right so you will be able to remember that and that that will make your life easier in time okay finally we are going to talk about reading labels so basically if you are shopping and you have diabetes or not I recommend everybody to know how to read labels that is going to give you an idea what you're putting to your system you could be an athlete you could be a regular guy like just like me or you could be a patient with diabetes regardless of the fact that you should understand what you're eating in terms of total carbohydrates fat trans fat saturated fat protein what you're eating makes your body and changes your health so as a result if you're diabetes of course you have to be more meticulous about this but I'm going to go over right now how to read labels and you will be a pro with practice okay we will talk about reading the nutrition labels very very important if you make it a habit of reading the nutrition labels you are gonna be a pro before you know it so I do that I don't have diabetes but I'm a diabetes expert and I feel like I have to know what I'm doing before I teach anyone else and I think anyone who is fit and who's into health and fitness always look at the nutrition facts regardless of if they have diabetes or not so when you have diabetes that's an extra incentive that is not an obligation that is not the you know that's not a torture for you that is something you should seriously be doing anyways so let's look at how you read the nutrition facts now number one you have to look at how many servings in that container so they put this calories big here 230 but that is per serving so you're looking for eight times 230 so if you are looking to eat this whole package good luck with that you are going to get around 1700 or more calories just from this this packaged food right so basically you look at the serving size next that is two thirds of a cup so that means that everything that is listed here that is total fat your total carbohydrates and protein are within the two third of a cup of this food that is one serving size so if you are thinking to eat one cup then you have to think accordingly for example if there is 37 grams of total carbohydrates in this food per serving and that is two third of a cup you can make the math and you can say okay well one third then would be think about this if this 37 gram is two third then what would be the one third of a cup that would be pretty much half of this right so if the two third of a cup is 37 then one third of a cup would be half of this so that would be around 18 grams so if you are looking for the whole cup that would be 18 times 3 which is 54 grams so basically if you are looking to eat one cup of this which is more than one serving then you can adjust your total carbohydrates being 54 so you can make your calculations accordingly so if you are eating a fixed amount of carbs per meal let's say you're trying to stick to 60 grams of carbs that 54 grams almost puts you to your target and then you can look into how much protein you are getting so if you have a protein goal you know as we discussed an average sedentary man that eats around 50 to 60 grams of carbs but if you are more into sports you're more active and you're working out lifting weights you may definitely need more than that as much as twice or even more than that if you are burning it out and if you're building muscle on the other hand you also have to look at your total fat the next thing you need to look at is saturated fat you want to keep the saturated fat less than 10% in our diet so so basically what you're looking here is is 5% of that food is saturated fat so that is that not necessarily a bad thing because it is less than 10% so anything you eat should have less than 10% saturated fat trans fat is zero which is great that's something we try to avoid we do not want to have trans fat in our diet process foods most processed foods have trans fats margarine's hydrogenated oils especially those cookies pastries they all have a lot of trans fat so that is your biggest enemy so you need to totally avoid that saturated fats are okay up to 10% as we said you pay attention to big time to your total carbohydrates again you even when you buy rice or you buy bread most things are in packages nowadays and you just have to have a quick glimpse to see how much carbs they have per serving and then you will figure it out and then again you know if you're buying same things again and again and eating again and again which most people do and we all do then you do not have to look at that because you have something called memory right you will have memorizes next time unless you are buying something totally different then you will have to look at their nutrition facts but if it is something that you already know then then that is that becomes easier and easier as you go along as you pay attention to your nutrition labels okay the striking question finally what should I really eat right so most people um know what they're eating but they don't know necessarily if it is good or not so let's make a general statement here where you can pick what you want to eat from these choices so in terms of carbohydrates as you all know lots of fruits and vegetables legumes food with high fiber content right low fat low fat dairy there is okay as well so carbohydrate wise you can eat carbohydrates how much carbs you should eat that is based on your needs some people will need as low as 30 grams of carbs per meal with some snacks in between maybe 15 grams of snacks some people will need up to 60 75 grams or more carbohydrates if they are very active individuals so as we discussed about the caloric needs so once you determine your caloric needs around 40 to 50 percent of that can be carbohydrates so as long as you're burning these carbohydrates and not letting the blood sugar go high and you're maintaining your weight or even losing weight then even if you're eating 60 to 75 grams of carbs per meal is not going to really be a problem like personally I eat around 75 grams of carbs per meal but I work out a lot as a result I do not gain weight if I was a patient with diabetes I would have taken enough insulin to cover my carbohydrates so I make sure that these sugars are going to my muscles and then I burn that sugar later with the exercise and for my daily activities of course so as a result as long as you maintain your your your weight carbohydrate depends on your needs now as we discussed in discussing our article in our website again in the sugarmds.com under diabetes education which diet is best for diabetics there I talk about in detail but my favorite is a Mediterranean diet I'm a Mediterranean I'm from Turkey but I mean that's that's that is one of the reasons that I prefer Mediterranean but that's the only diet actually has been proven to reduce the mortality which is dying from heart attacks on strokes it has been proven to reduce the number of medications we give to patients so as a result Mediterranean diet is your best friend of course you can do low fat diet low carb diet low salt diet whatever it may be as long as we are keeping your calories low and you are eating the right foods you are still okay so when you're on a low fat diet for example that doesn't mean that you can go eat all the other carbs out there you still have to choose the right right amount of carbs when you are on a low carbohydrate diet some people for example follow these ketogenic diets and so forth but they end up eating so much saturated fat that their cholesterol go up and that's not our goal right so we have to make sure we control A, B and C you're A1C your cholesterol and your your blood pressure at the same time so we are looking to have high potassium which comes from your veggies and fruits that reduces your blood pressure that's right and then you choose the right carbohydrates which is a low glycemic index carbohydrates carbohydrates with high fiber that will help and of course when you are eating in a Mediterranean diet for example you eat carbohydrates proteins and fat when you choose fat you need to choose fat with very low saturated fat so it is recommended to have less than 10 saturated fat in your diet because saturated fats are commonly found in animal fat so if you can avoid animal fat like steaks or red meat if you're eating red meat it has to be really really lean but if you're eating chicken for example taking the skin off or trying to stick with the chicken breast or turkey will be really beneficial that way you are getting the lean protein without the saturated fat in your diet one thing that you have to totally avoid is trans fat trans fat recommendation for a person's diet for any individual is zero so trans fat never helps you that is the basic source of heart attacks and strokes so hydrogenated oils commonly used in processed foods and commonly used in bakery that's why we always tell patients avoid avoid avoid unfortunately the biggest the biggest fall for our diabetic patients are bakery you know of course everybody likes bakery you just need to limit it to as low as possible so if you're if you like cookies if you like to have cookies once a day every day instead of having three four cookies just have one take a walk after that it limited and I think you will still be you'll still be winning but if you can totally avoid it that's gonna give you the best health ever now now we talked about the carbohydrates we talked about the fat content you are looking for polyunsaturated fat which are found in sunflower oil canola oil and olive oil right nuts are extremely important you know when you are having nuts actually that not only satisfies your hunger but also gives a good amount of fat so we do not necessarily tell patients avoid fat totally but you can have healthy fats such as olive oil and nuts canola oil are all fine we do not recommend frying things just because it increases your overall calories remember when you're on a diet you always have to keep your total calories in mind as we discussed in our previous in our in the beginning of the video you have to always keep in mind how much calories you are getting and when things are fried you know their calorie count goes sky high no matter how healthy the fat is the over consumption will still make you gain weight and when you gain weight you become insulin resistant your cholesterol goes high anyways so as a result we have to keep our calories down eat healthy fat eat the right amount of carbohydrates and the right carbohydrates and when it comes to the carbohydrates as we discussed it needs to be low glycemic index try to keep your glycemic index below 60 in most of the carbohydrates you eat try to eat fiber in your diet around 25 to 30 grams of fiber is recommended in a person's diet that includes patients with diabetes and when you count your carbohydrates it is okay to take the fiber off so if you're having 45 grams of carbs but there's 10 grams of fiber in that it is okay to count as 35 we call that net carbs so i hope that video was helpful to you and if it is please give a thumbs up and subscribe to our channel for many more videos to come so you don't miss anything


So, you just want your scene to be more normal. Not a problem, there's two ways you can do this. Number one, drag in your normal and drag color into normal. Number two, press shift A, S and type in normal map. Into place it over the existing connection and click, you're done. The two have slightly different results but just pick the one that works best for you. Congratulations, you have achieved normality. Hope that helps, thank you so much for watching. If you enjoyed this video, please don't forget to like and subscribe. Hope you have a fantastic day and I'll see you around.


the split mind, remembrance that it's a dream, to forget that you're dreaming, and very much like that movie Inception, and some of you saw Leonardo DiCaprio movie Inception where there was the layers and layers of dreaming, and that they would so much forget that they were even dreaming and then they'd need like a kick. They were so far into the dream they needed the kick, the simultaneous kick to really remind them that it all was a dream, because they would lose dreams and dreams and layers of dreams, and that's very much like this world where you lose awareness that it's a dream, and then the sickness seems to now become very physical. So for most people they would say there's two categories of sickness, there's mental illness, and then there's physical illness, and that's how far the mind has forgotten it's dreaming. Now we're into two categories, so that's why it seems very difficult to deal with what seems to be physical illness is because there's a lot of layers that have been interposed there to forget the dreaming. So of course the miracles is teaching us that all illness is mental illness and that health is inner peace. That's a pretty far stretch from what everyday human beings seem to experience. You know inner peace is a definition that doesn't seem to have anything to do with illness and symptoms and yet it's actually the cure way way way back in the mind, deep in the mind, and then what seems to be physical illness is just a projection onto that which is just a screen of images and it takes on when you're feeling physically ill, it's like a convincing job now that the body, the mind has been taught that the body feels and so it really seems like the body is really suffering. Of course this also fits in with the idea that the mind has forgotten what true vision is and now it's got make-believe seeing, make-believe hearing, make-believe tasting, make-believe touching, make-believe smelling, all seemingly associated with the body and none of it really originating with the body at all. Those are all mechanisms of consciousness that seem to be experienced through the body. So it just makes the body more real and awareness when you realize that only in the wrong mind are those five senses made up in consciousness and then projected onto the body. So that's why we get lessons in the workbook where Jesus says, the body's eyes do not see and the body's ears do not hear. The only way you can make sense of that is, oh, it's a dream and the dream characters seem to have taken on the sensations, but they aren't the source of those. It's all originating in mind. It's all originating in consciousness. Even when you have scientists studying the brain and the neurotransmitters and the electronical impulses and the peptides and on and on and on that go along with the body and hormones and all kinds of things and the brain, all of that is giving animation and giving life and really reading meaning where there is no meaning. It would be like if you had a sketch when Walt Disney originally made Mickey Mouse, he started off with a two-dimensional sketch of a mouse and then the technique of repeating the answer to the image rapidly, which is what we use for photography and motion pictures. I thought motion pictures were originally made. Basically, that static two-dimensional image is just repeated very rapidly and it gives it animation and it looks like it's alive. It can sing, it can dance and then, not only did Walt invent Mickey, but he gave her a partner Minnie and there you go. It could have been Adam and Eve. The ego did that with Adam and Eve and all of the things of this world. Now we have, of course, animation with talking mouses. If you look at all the different characters, that's one of the things that animation does. We have talking plants, talking animals, talking trees. In Pocahontas, the willow tree is talking. Everything is given animation. Even things that aren't in this world thought to be animated or alive or talking, maybe alive, but not so much talking or thinking. They're given those characteristics. The same characteristics that Walt Disney used were very much what the ego did in the making of this world. How far that is from reality. All of it is layers and layers upon. We talked about fantasy or imagination, but the mind is completely lost in it, believing in the reality of it and reacting and responding to the images as if they're really there and as if there's something antagonistic or frustrating or difficult about the way these characters are acting. There's an expectation that the world should be different than it is. That expectation keeps getting flushed up into awareness in terms of upset. That's what goes for all kinds of issues. Relationship issues, issues with the environment, issues with politics, issues with the world in all kinds of ways. Those are all part of this animation of reading meaning into things. So the first two lessons of the workbook are nothing I see means anything and I have given everything I see all the meaning it has for me. If you are going to, if you are a loving presence that wanted to free the mind from this image making and from this idolatry and from this sense of making something out of nothing and then feeling guilty about the something, then those are two good lessons to start off with. Nothing I see means anything and I have given everything I see all the meaning it has for me. You were asking too about should I do the workbook lessons again. You could see those early lessons. All it takes is getting any lesson completely and thoroughly and it will transfer to the whole world. So the lessons are not meant to be cumulative. Like when we take lessons in school, it's meant to be cumulative learning. You don't go and take your calculus until you get your algebra. You don't take your algebra until you get your basic mathematics.  It's building blocks and it's the same way with all of the different philosophies and genres and specifics of the world. It's all based on cumulative learning and of course the miracles is not based on cumulative learning. It's saying if you can just get it completely once it will transfer to everyone and everything. So it could be that you hang with it and feel guided to repeat the lessons. You could repeat them a number of times but ultimately you want to keep in mind that it's all about transfer of training and it's not about cumulative learning. So you can tell yourself you're gaining every time you do the workbook lessons but this course will be believed entirely or not at all and it either transfers to everything or it hasn't transferred. So it's not like some of these games horseshoes where you get points, charts, you get points for coming closer to the ring or to the pen. That's not how this kind of healing works. You always have to hang in with it. So in terms of sickness it's like really you always want to be reminded that it's perception that is distorted in dreams and through the sleeping mind, the deceived mind and its healed perception is what the healing is. Healing is not the removal of symptoms even though in this world that's exactly what you're aiming for and it's a good outcome if you remove the symptoms, remove the pain, remove the suffering, remove the disease, remove the difficulty. If the eyes for example if there was a problem with the eyes or a problem with seeing and you went to a doctor and they helped you work either to correct the vision or to surgically repair something like a detached retina or so on and so forth then that would be healing in this world would be getting sight back but remember Jesus is telling us the body's eyes do not see. You're repairing something that can't see in the first place. So how can that be healing if you return sight to something that never could see in the first place? Some of you remember the Matrix movie where Neo's laying there on the table and Morpheus and Trinity are covering with all those pins, like a lot of mega acupressure acupuncture going on with all the pins coming out and he says why did my eyes hurt and Morpheus says because you've never used them. What's that metaphor that he was just in a place where his body was being, the energy from the body was being taken out but he wasn't really being used for seeing and you might say that until you get back into spiritual vision then you really don't know what seeing is. You might say that this whole world is like being in the dark, walking around and being in the dark and when Jesus says in the Course I'm determined to see or above all else I'm determined to see things differently he's pointing towards spiritual vision which is more like wisdom, the wisdom of this inner light and anything else that has nothing to do with the body's eyes.  I did it. The vision of Christ, I can see bodies now with 2020. No, that's not it. That's not the end. So, this is all part of mind training to start to see everything in terms of how you feel, your state of mind and how you feel is a way of determining how well you are the more consistently you experience inner peace is saying that you're on the road to true healing which is healing of mind and more and more you learn not to take it seriously not to read meaning into the forms and anytime you read meaning into the forms you will again you'll be blocked from true healing because again cracked perception or broken perception or fragmented perception is the sickness and healing then in that category is wholeness. So what you're going for is wholeness of mind that's what healing is and cracked or fragmented perception is what the sickness is. So you can see it's a whole different way of looking at things. It's a whole different way of defining health and sickness and it does take a lot of mind training and a lot of practice to take your mind up into that and that's why we have a course in miracles. That's why we have workbook lessons. We go deeper and deeper into the training to train your mind based on how it feels. Use how you feel is like the barometer and instead of a thermometer to measure your temperature of your body you're using your feelings as your barometer to how well you're tuning into the Holy Spirit in terms of wellness. So that's kind of a synopsis of that. It takes a lot of mind training to go on that journey but it's worth it. That's what the whole thing is for.


Hi everybody, I'm Joe for jazby's case breaks calm and that is 2020 tops chrome black baseball So very very cool new releases here The black on black and the little sparkle of color in the background. I think is is pretty awesome But there you go four box Break number six random team break number six one spot gets you three right there There you go all cards, of course ship So now let's triple this list up. There's one There's two and there's three so you see Greg and his last spot mojo star a few times and all 30 teams are in Let's roll it. Let's randomize it four and a four hard eight for names and teams one two three four five six Seven and good luck eighth and final time after eight. We've got Daniel down to Walter. Oh, I guess not good luck yet When I do the teams, it'll be a good luck Long day folks eight times for the teams one heart eight two three four five six seven and Eighth and final time after eight. We got the Dodgers down to the Orioles Good luck. Oh, it's too late for the good luck Now well if we had more Hollywood we would have posted it already unfortunately This is the last four boxes of this particular case that we opened up I didn't see any more in the back and since it's not loaded again. I can assume that we don't have any more All right, so yeah, so just rule of thumb if you don't see it reloaded up That means we don't have any more Daniel with the Dodgers rich with the Giants and Pirates Daniel with the Rangers Chris with the Cubs Taylor with the Indians Joseph With the Phillies Taylor with the Potters and Brewers Greg with the Mets in the Rockies Joseph with the Braves Walter with the Cardinals Joseph with the White Sox rich with the Reds Nicholas with the Royals and Twins Joseph with the Blue Jays Chris with the Jays Greg with the Yankees Chris with the A's Joseph with the Angels Daniel with the Marlins Walter with the Diamondbacks Daniel with the Astros and Tigers Joseph with the Red Sox Nicholas with the Mariners Daniel with the Nationals and Walter with the Orioles Now the storm really didn't mess up the tops black inventory And only messed up the new releases this we only got one case of this new release was ages ago We did a lot of this when it first came out All right Remember we've marked all those with X's so you know that they're all from the same case one pack and then one encased card any trades leave the video running and And let's see if there's any trade offers trade opportunities trade chatter. No, yes Although I think it was only just I only saw Greg in the chat For this one Decent draw for Greg. I don't know if he's gonna be trading. All right, should we roll trade window going once trade window going twice I should be like the refs When the guys are inbounding the NBA ref that are inbounding the ball It's not really five seconds, but it's just like one Two Three Four Five trade window closed. All right, there you go. Oh Yeah, I spell it right Greg All right trade window close In my head. I read that as trade window open close TWO close All right, let's see what we got in here. No, all good red all good Thankfully, this is a fairly quick break. We'll know if this is we'll know if you're gonna go to bed happy or sad Hopefully happy Good luck to Greg. Good luck to everybody. Thank you very much for getting in So I think we'll do there's the pack first. So we got in here. We've got a Mitch Garver Another catcher Chad Wallach. I think that is Tim Wallach's son, and there's Trey Mancini Yes on the ledge Trey Mancini always remember always reminds me of Lucy Mancini from Godfather Trey Mancini Huh Good on him It is Tim Wallach son, right Adam. Yeah, day's been great Pulling pulling lots of fire Today. All right. Can anyone tell who this is just by looking at the top camera and the stance Looks like a red team angels or cardinals Maybe Phillies Angels, maybe No, Washington 76 out of 99 Victor Robles That is for Daniel Graham and the Nationals Oh, nice. I think Jack guessed it. There you go before I turn the card All right, Max Scherzer Gleiber day and Freddie Freeman to 199 for the bravos Joseph Barton. All right. What about? What about this player looks like Rockies, right? That's gonna be No Rangers, I thought it looked purple for a second. I don't know colors. That's Joey Gallo. That is for Daniel Graham and the Rangers.  Did everyone see it? No On the guess I cannot tell any of these from that tiny little window up there It almost looks like it's white It's a white vest and then a blue arms Ryan a saying braves It is oh it is white and blue arms. It is braves. It's Ronald Acuna, Jr. Nice Joseph Barton with the bravos nice and the last one. Oh, you saw the logo. I wasn't paying attention to that we got Corey Kluber Carter Kaboom and Xander Bogarts 101 out of 199 of Boston Going to Joseph Barton and The last one here is gonna be Should I cover up the logo? Now guess angels Nationals Reds Ryan you're saying angels Jack's guessing Reese Hoskins There you go Joe Barton Congrats to you Trout perhaps I would be huge. I would make Joe Barton very happy Jack's thinking Phillies Reese Yes, maybe it kind of does look like his his autograph I can barely My modern yeah No, you can't look I'm not You got to play the game right Sean.  That's for the Phillies Joseph Barton. What a break for you. There you have it ladies and gentlemen We got the Phillies for Joe Barton We got the Braves for Joe Bart. We got the Rangers for Daniel Graham And we got the Nationals for Daniel Graham two people four hits and some cards going your way as well I'm Joe for jazby's casewrakes.com. You're wonderful. I'll see you next time. Bye. Bye


My name is William Tarpe. I'm a PhD student in environmental engineering and I work on reimagining urine as a resource. What really motivates me is thinking about more people getting access to toilets. In many places in Sub-Saharan Africa or across the developing world, not having access to a toilet causes a lot of problems in a person's life. From general cleanliness to a host of diseases that are transmitted from person to person. But we can help solve this problem by making fertilizer from urine. If we create fertilizer from urine and we sell it, that money can be used to build more toilets. We've seen that we can cut the cost of fertilizer and we hope that that can make food more accessible in these regions. Urine is great because it has a lot of the nutrients that come out of a toilet. Those nutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and those are the same nutrients that are in fertilizers that we use on crops all around the world. So the big question is how we extract nitrogen from urine. We do that using this. It's an electrochemical cell. We start with urine in a bottle like this. It goes from this bottle into this first chamber. In the second bottle we start with water and it goes to this second chamber. This nitrogen that's in this urine will cross this membrane from chamber one to chamber two. So in order to get this nitrogen to move, we need to introduce electricity. That electricity is what pushes the nitrogen to move as well. Now we have nitrogen present in chamber two. It's positive ammonia, NH4+. The electricity also introduces hydroxide ions. That makes the nitrogen change form from NH4+, to NH3. NH3 is a gas. Now we have a membrane that selects for gases. We leave the liquid behind and only gas can get through. That nitrogen is a gas that's mixed with water to capture it and now we have the liquid fertilizer. That's it. As we're making the technology in the lab, we're also doing field visits to Nairobi, Kenya. There's a company in Nairobi called Sanergy that we partner with for our research that makes toilets for people. Once the waste is collected, it goes to a waste treatment plant. When I was in the field, sometimes from my experiments, I would collect the urine myself and take it to the treatment plant. Inside the lab I would use things like a pH probe to test how acidic or basic the urine is. I would also measure nitrogen to track it through the system. We can make about three pounds of fertilizer from one person's pee in a day. Now if you multiply that by a city, a region, a nation, we can make a lot of fertilizer. If we're successful, we can potentially help the hunger crisis across the world. I envision a day where everyone have access to a toilet because I believe it's a basic human right that can really improve individual lives and our collective society.


Hello and welcome to Redhead Enterprise Presents. This is episode number 25, Introduction to Satellite. Thank you all so much for joining us today. I'm really excited. We've got a lot of great things to talk about on the show today, so time-appropriate greetings to all of you. As usual, in the chat, this is the best way to talk with the host, talk with our guests, ask your questions and be part of the show. So if you are not on our Discord, there's a Discord server as well, and we'll share all those links throughout the show, and they'll be in the show notes afterwards. But before we get too deep into today's topic, I do have an announcement I'm really excited about. I would like to introduce our new recurring co-host, Brian Smith. How are you doing today, Brian? Good, thanks so much, Eric. Very excited to be here.   Sounds good, yeah. So right now I'm a product manager in the REL business unit focused on automation and management. So what that means is I'm working with technologies like REL system roles and web consoles, stuff like that. I've moved into this position back in April, and before that I was with Red Hat as a TAM, a technical account manager for about three years. So that's my background. Before that I worked as a sysadmin for many, many years. So yeah, excited to be here. Awesome. Yeah, I'm glad to have you as a co-host. There's always a lot to keep track of between the chat, the stream, the conversation, the interview. So I, for one, am very thankful to have you. And as I recall, you are not new to this particular YouTube channel. As I recall a couple of years ago, your wonderful narration skills were put to good use for the REL 8.0 beta. There was a bunch of videos you did that's quick overviews of new feature in REL 8, and that's actually how I really got in touch with REL 8 and started learning all the things.  Yeah, and shameless plug for Brian. If you follow our blog, Brian has been a machine publishing probably what, close to eight, if not a dozen blogs around system roles right now. So if you're looking to automate your builds, if you're looking to standardize your environment, system roles are a great way to do that. And Brian, I think, has the monopoly on system role blog content right now. Yeah, we need to do a REL Presents just on system roles sometime, hopefully soon. Yeah, that's actually on the roadmap for early next year, but yeah, we definitely do. They are incredibly powerful. And in fact, kind of is a good segue into today's topic because system roles, Ansible, things like tools like this have come a very long way since my days as a systems administrator. And one of the other tools that we've actually not covered in 25 episodes on the, or I should say in 24 episodes, we have not, we've only mentioned this product in passing, but that is Red Hat Satellite. And I could think of no one better to come on the show and talk about Satellite than our own Matthew Yee. He is a technical marketing manager here at Red Hat. He works on my team. And he was with me a couple of weeks ago as we talked about REL 8.5. Looks like we're having some streaming issues. So give me just a second and I'll bring Matt on to introduce himself and we'll see. Hey, Matt, welcome back.  Thanks for having me back and thanks for the intro. Brian, welcome to the show and look forward to seeing you more on Red Hat Presents. Thanks, Matthew.  I'm a technical marketing manager here at Red Hat. I've been at the company for about five months now. In the past, I've mostly worked in the storage industry and before that I was a sysadmin as well. So I've been using Red Hat probably since, well, I've been using it since undergrad. So what I'm gonna talk about today is Red Hat Satellite and I'm gonna give an introduction to Red Hat Satellite to everybody out there. And it's very timely because yesterday we've released version 6.10 of Red Hat Satellite and yeah, we're very excited about this release. It's almost as if we planned it that way. So Matthew, I'm guessing a lot of the viewers are not really familiar with satellite. What does it do? Why would I wanna have it? What problems is it gonna solve for me as a, you know, as a rel customer? So from the point of view of a systems administrator, a lot of us have had this problem but sometimes when you do a YAM or DNF update what happens if the firewall hasn't been opened or if there's no proxy configured? You can't update your system. There are lots of ways to work around it. The recommended way of doing it at Red Hat is Red Hat Satellite. So what Red Hat Satellite does is, well, and this is not all that it does but it basically provides content. And when I say content, I mean stuff like RPMs, Ansible Collections, even files, stuff like that and just make it available locally. So that from a security point of view there is only one opening in the firewall that has to be opened and you can pull all of the things that you need onto your Red Hat Satellite and then you can manage all of your hosts through Red Hat Satellite. So Red Hat Satellite's not just for enabling hosts to get their updates, you can also provision machines and you can also take advantage of some of our hosted services like insights at console.redhat.com. And just a little plug here for those that don't know, insights will do stuff like look for security vulnerabilities. What else will it do? It will let you know how to fix it. It will provide an Ansible Playbook so that you can do a push button remediation on those vulnerabilities that it finds. Okay, cool. So tell us a little bit about Satellite and the projects it's based on. Is Satellite itself open source or their upstream projects that are providing for Satellite? Absolutely, like all Red Hat products there is an upstream open source combination of these products. So first of all, the content management system is provided by the PULP project. This is all then managed through the Foreman project. We've got Candlepin that allows you to manage subscriptions. And there's a whole bunch of stuff out there. So where Red Hat offers value here is we combine all of these projects and we make sure that they all work together well. And yeah, just ensure that you have the tools that you need to manage your hosts. Sounds good. So Eric had mentioned Satellite 6.10 was just released. I'm actually in the process of upgrading my Satellite server right now. Tell us a little bit about what's new in Satellite 6.10 and what some of the cool new features are. Yeah, so before I get into that, Eric can you pop in the link to the 6.10 software? Yes, I can. And my apologies to our REL YouTubers. We went live in all the right places except on REL YouTube. So that's been corrected now. So welcome to the show. And you wanted the Satellite 6.10 link. Let me put that in. Forgive the host for being out of his mind. There we go. And I know this is an intro show but for all of the people who are already using Satellite and are looking to upgrade, I've had multiple questions on this so far. Go through the upgrade guide and especially I wanna draw attention to a form and maintain command where you have to fix the permissions. Make sure you run that. Otherwise you might find that you'll run into problems. But- I was gonna say that's been my experience as well and working with a lot of customers over the years is if you follow the documentation for upgrading Satellite, things will go pretty smoothly. If you try to just wing it and figure it out on your own, your results might vary. So I would, like Matthew said, I definitely recommend review the documentation. The upgraded procedure is a little bit different with 6.10 than it has been in the past. There's some extra steps like Matthew said so you definitely wanna look at all those steps and make sure you're following the documentation there. And am I sharing my screen? I don't think I am. Or was I and now I'm not. Yeah. Yeah. Welcome to a live show folks. Anything that can't go wrong will go wrong. Okay, so you guys can see that now? Yep. And now soak in our audience. Okay, cool.  And I'll give you the reasons for that. So I don't wanna spend too long on the new features of 6.10 because this is meant to be an intro show but for those of you looking for a reason to upgrade because I know everybody loves upgrading. We are migrating the backend from pulp two to pulp three. And what that means is the content management system is being upgraded. There's a couple of reasons for that. This is to prepare all of our current customers for a future update to satellite seven dot zero. And so a lot of the, I would say if like in terms of doing an upgrade the most time consuming part of that upgrade we're asking you to do that right now with 6.10. We've included a bunch of migration slash upgrade tooling in six, sorry, let me step back a bit. So in order to upgrade, you're gonna need to make sure you're on the latest what we call Zedstream release of 6.9, so that would be 6.9.7. That includes a bunch of upgrade tooling and in the upgrade manual we'll tell you how to use that upgrade tooling to migrate your pulp two content into pulp three. Without going too deep into it, the upgrade process is now or at least the migration process from pulp two to pulp three is, I'm gonna use this term anyway but it's item potent. So you can run it as many times as you want. You can stop the operation and rerun the operation. It's designed to make the upgrade process as painless as possible. So because it's a very time consuming process we want you to be able to complete it on your own time whenever it's convenient. And once the migration is done the upgrade is very timely. We're estimating it'll take like 20 minutes for you to run after you've upgraded the pulp back in. You mentioned going to stop and restart this upgrade process. So is that something that when I leave the office at six o'clock I can kick this off as I'm walking out the door. And if it's not done say by the next morning when I get into the office around eight or nine a.m. I can stop it that way. My satellite server isn't hung up during the day when we're trying to work with our different environments or. Or even it's actually better than that. So let's say you ignored my advice just now to run the preparation script. Your migration will actually fail. So what you can then do is you can go back and run the preparation script like I asked you to.  That's what it's really used for. That's awesome. That's great to have that check and balance in place because I don't know about any of our listeners but I know as a former sysadmin reading the manual was not exactly high on my priority list. It was just go do the thing and move on to the next fire. So one of the reasons why we've made the upgrade process like this is because it takes a long time it's hard to predict how long it's gonna take. We have a command that will do an analysis on your PULP2 backend and give you an estimate but we don't know for sure how long it's gonna take. So let's say we estimated three hours but it really took one hour. And then in between that two hours there were some synchronization updates that were done.  That's another reason why you would do that. I think I've spent way too much time on this. Just real quick, we are collapsing like some of the benefits here. We are collapsing the structured data from two databases to one we are getting rid of MongoDB and moving all of that data into Postgres SQL. There is Ansible content support which allows for synchronization of Ansible collections so that you can then synchronize those with your Ansible automation hub. And we've got some disconnected air-gapped content enhancement. So we can permit versioning of the content database. That means you can now do incremental exports of the content to another disconnected satellite. And I think that's all I wanna say about 6.10 so far because this is an intro I wanted to really get into the demo and show you what this all looks like. So, any, do you guys have any questions? Haven't seen anything in chat. Brian, you got anything? No, no, that seemed like a great overview, yeah. Thanks, Matthew. Yeah, no problem. Where is my tab to log in, here it is. So, I'm gonna log in. Using a password manager, always good. Yes. I only make use of the best security practices. That's not true. I usually ignore them. Coming up, I started using a password manager because I was lazy and didn't wanna have to type out my password all the time. I've since adopted more advanced security practices like using 18 character randomly generated passwords. I don't know any of my passwords anymore. So, yeah. I know how to log into my password manager. After that, I got nothing. Exactly. Anyway, this is your friendly REL public service announcement for this episode. Use a password manager. And now back to satellite. So, here we go. This is what, well, this is what you have when you first log in. Gives you an overview of what's happening. What can I say about this? These are the hosts that I have included into my satellite. You guys may have noticed that I am running 6.10. I installed 6.10 yesterday and then I added these hosts and it looks like they work properly. For those people who don't know, satellite six, at least the six branch runs on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. We don't have support for REL 8 yet. That is coming with satellite 7.0, which is the next release. You guys may be wondering, well, why is that? They're flat out. The real reason is we don't have time. We need to check it. And there were higher priorities that we needed to work on to dump into satellite 6.10, which is why we currently don't have support for 8.0 of REL yet. So Matthew, what about if I have REL, like REL 8 clients? Oh, no problem with those. REL 8 clients will work. We're also gonna include REL 9 support with 7.0. In other words, REL 9 clients with satellite 7.0. A real quick rundown. One of the first things you're gonna do when you install satellite is you are going to export your subscriptions. In other words, you'll create something called a manifest within access.redhat.com. You'll export that manifest file, and then you'll add it to your satellite. So that way, you now have a remote copy of all of your entitlements.  So you can search for any number of repositories. Type it in here. Obviously, this is Red Hat. I shouldn't put that there, actually REL. Anyway, you see all the stuff that's supported for REL 8 right here. I've added the upstream repo and the base OS repo. Once you've done that, you're gonna wanna synchronize them. So the default synchronization mode for Red Hat satellite is to not download the yum packages that you'll associate with the repository. Yeah, this is the one I wanted to show. What the default synchronization mode is gonna pull down all of the metadata associated with those yum packages. And there's a reason for that.  These packages will be pulled through when you add your clients and your clients do an update or they install new yum packages. So, sorry, go ahead. Yeah, so I remember when I used satellite way back in like the 5.4 days that you didn't really have an option.  And like you said, that takes a lot of bandwidth, a lot of disk space. But it sounds like we've kind of gone to an as needed basis. Is that a good way to describe that? Well, that's the default behavior. And I like, I haven't been around here long enough, but if I had to guess the reason why we made that the default behavior is we didn't want to shock any new satellite users into suddenly filling up all their drives with packages. However, I will say, if you really want to, you can synchronize them down fully if you really wanted to. Yeah, and that helps especially with a disconnected environment. Maybe it's not something that's air-gapped, but if it's disconnected or it has, you only want to open up that firewall ports, say when you're refreshing your patching cycle or something, that's a great way to handle that. But as far as most businesses are concerned and my own satellite server here at home, I don't need 21,000 packages sitting on my satellite server. Chances are I'm not going to use 95% of them because I'm not going to get deep into kernel development or I'm not a developer, so I don't need all the different programming languages. So having an always-on connection, it really helps to pull down all the metadata. So it's got that map of dependencies and all that kind of thing. And then when I go to trigger an update from satellite or when I go and install a one-off package from one of my satellite registered clients, it's nice to know that then that client is talking to the satellite server. Satellite is talking to Red Hat CDN and it pulls down exactly the packages and exactly the dependencies that I need. And so you're talking about megabytes worth of space versus gigabytes for something that you're hardly even going to touch ever. And this makes- And just, sorry to interrupt. Go ahead, Brian. I was just going to say that the on-demand repositories makes setting up a new satellite server so much faster.  Whereas with on-demand, it's extremely quick and you can get up and running and start serving that content. And just for a frame of- We just keep walking all over again. Sorry, Eric. That's okay, man. Did either of you ever have a repo sync spreadsheet? When I was running Satellite, I literally had a spreadsheet that was color-coded based on, okay, between 2 a.m. and 3 a.m., we're going to sync Red Hat Satellite or Red Hat REL5 packages. And then between 3 and 4 in the morning, we're going to sync REL6 packages. I mean, we literally had a spreadsheet and it was so tough back in those days that we actually worked with the backup teams to make sure that we weren't going to step on when they were using the storage area network just to make sure that Satellite and backups and all these other things, and it was all spreadsheet-driven. It was miserable. I've only ever worked in environments where my method for gaining access to content was to yell at the network guy to give me access to the proxy or even better, just open up the outgoing connections. But the thing I wanted to draw attention to, I wish I kept interrupting you guys and I'm really sorry about that, just for perspective, the AppStream repository with those 21,000 packages is about 60 gigs. The base OS is probably, I want to say it's about five gigs. But if, yeah. Now, for viewers, you might be saying, well, that's not a big deal. Why wouldn't I want to sync all of these down? And that's an entirely reasonable statement. But for large organizations, when you start including all the extra stuff and by extra stuff, I mean like, I don't know, Ansible, Jboss, all that stuff, it starts to get big pretty quick. And that's not even including custom content that you want to add to satellite. We spent quite a bit of time talking about repos. Shall we get into? Are you about to tell me that satellite does more than just repository management? Well, I wanted to actually show you guys what was going on and how it worked. One of the, so what I'm going to do is jump into activation keys. So I'm going to show you here. I got one for RHEL 7. One of the first things you're going to do after you've pulled your content down is you're going to want to create an activation key. And what you end up doing is with this, this is your activation key right here. I feel comfortable showing this to everybody because if you ran it right now, it wouldn't do anything. Because you're not connected to my satellite. Anyway, this activation key is associated with a bunch of repositories and it's RHEL 7. And I gave it access to all of these repositories. So once you've added it to your host, you'll be able to do updates from those repos. So I'm going to jump into my RHEL host here. My remote RHEL host. Let's hope this works. Said everyone who's done a live demo ever. Yeah. Okay, everybody can see that now, right? Yeah, it's good. So I'm going to do very little typing here actually because it's a live demo. I am, as you can see, this is in EC2. One of the first things I need to do here and you will probably not to do that. You will probably not need to do this in your own environment. But I'm going to remove the Red Hat Update Infrastructure client or Rui as we refer to it. Because I don't want my host updating from Rui. I want it to actually update from satellite. So one more time, just to be clear, this step is probably not necessary in your environment unless you are in Amazon. Then I'm going to do a young clean all. And then I am going to do this, which is to enable subscription manager to manage the repos. Okay, so thus ends the optional stuff. Here's the mandatory stuff. So this is, so you'll see it's running real 8.4. I'm going to join it up to my satellite. This step is very important. And I'll explain what this does. So Catello CA consumer IP, this package. This is a custom package created by my satellite, which then configures subscription manager to point to my satellite. If you don't do this step and you run subscription manager, it's going to point to the Red Hat CDN and start doing stuff off of the CDN. Make sense? Yeah, that sounds good. And now I'm going to use the activation key I created previously. This might take a little bit of time. And once this is, oh, there it is. Once it's completed, we can do a subscription manager repos. You can see here that it is now pointing to the particular IP I have for my satellite within Amazon. So the next step, let's do a YUM update, shall we? It's always a good plan. And if it were me, mostly because I use this as a giant solar camera, any time I'm doing an update or any kind of YUM operation, I usually lead with a YUM clean all just out of sheer paranoia. It seems like when you're doing any kind of maintenance window that it seems like there's always some metadata that's expired or some dependency that hasn't been sorted out. So if you do a YUM clean all and then do a YUM update, it pulls all that stuff fresh. And I'd encourage that even more because you are switching repositories and not just repos, but you're completely changing where that content's coming from. So I haven't noticed in the past. Maybe not so much recently, but I have noticed when switching from Red Hat CDN to a local satellite server that I've run into issues with that before. So just a fun tip. It's kind of like rebooting a Windows machine. Usually a YUM clean all fixes all problems. Brian's laughing. So I know he's seen this before in the wild. Yeah, YUM clean all is a very useful command. Just so you guys know what I'm doing down here is I also have a newly provisioned rel seven box. I'm going to add that as well to my satellite. I am going to apply the rel seven. Oh, you know what I forgot? I did not download the Catello CA and install it. So I read the manual. Exactly. All of these sins, like bad security practices, not reading the manual, running everything as root. Do we even work for Red Hat? Like... Do as we say, not as we do. Yeah. My excuse is this is a live demo. Right, right. Fewer obstacles, the better. Yeah, exactly. Oh, it was unable to find. So this is a good one here. I'm going to draw everybody's attention to this. Don't worry about it, just ignore it. That's what I wanted to do. So I've got everything updating. So all those updates are running. I wanted to point out, if you are on the Twitters, you can follow us at Red Hat rel. That is a newer Twitter handle that we've started, we started up in the past week or so. So you can get news about this show, about Red Hat's Enterprise Linux, events that are upcoming, and anything that may pertain to rel. And I believe Red Hat Satellite has one as well, and I think that's at Red Hat Satellite. And if you want to engage with the show directly, you can tag us on social media, and we've been using hashtag rel presents. So just a little public service announcement. I usually hate when shows do this, but we're, as you can see with some of the new content, some of the new guests, and having a new host and a new co-host shows undergoing a lot of changes. We're growing it. So tell a friend, if you don't have any friends, go out on Twitter, all of your friends are there. So just a quick public service announcement. Of course, like and subscribe to the episode. So it looks like your rel 8 box is getting close to being updated. Yeah, it's thinking about it. Yeah, I love that. It always gets to the last action, and it's like, do I really want to be done? Am I sure? Let me think about this. Unless one Lopez has already hacked into my satellite. So Matthew, while this is running, how do content views affect deep like these kind of updates you're doing? How does that work? Right, so just to sum it up real quick. Let's say you have rel 7 repos, you have rel 8 repos, you have rel 6 and rel 5 repos. You don't want, and then one of the things you can do, which I don't recommend doing, is you can make them all available under one activation key. Do you really want all of those repos available to anyone in your network that has that activation key? I, there's, I mean, you certainly can. I don't know if it's bad, but at the same time, if you really wanted to, and let's say you are a very controlling SysAdmin, we give you the choice to create a subset of all of those repos. In other words, a subset of that content, so that you can associate that with an activation key. So just to reiterate, content views are for creating access subsets to your content. So that not all of it is given to everybody. Yeah, and another, another way I've talked about this before too is, it's freezing that content at a point in time, right?  And then two weeks later, you know, now I wanna update test. Well, if you're not using satellite and not using content views, in those two weeks that have passed there might be additional updates you've got, you're getting now in your test environment from RHEL that we've released in those two weeks. Okay, and let's say two weeks later, now you go to update prod. And again, if you're not using satellite, you just do a YUM update, it's gonna pull the latest content. There could even been a minor release, it could have gone from 8.4 to 8.5 in those two weeks that have passed. And now you're installing RHEL 8.5 in prod, and you've never tested that out in your dev and test environment. So with a content view, you can, you take that, you make a content view, it's that point in time snapshot, and you update all three environments, dev test and prod from that same content view, and they get the exact same access to content. And so you're not having that situation where prod is getting later content than dev or test. That's exactly what I was gonna say, Brian, thank you. And then, and one other cool feature I'll throw with content views that I really like is you can exclude content too. So say, like the Emacs package, for example, you could exclude that from your content view. And so your users couldn't install that. So if there's certain packages you wanna exclude out of there. Just so you guys can see, I have finished updating my RHEL 8.8 host and I'm just rebooting it. I'll just log back in again. If you look at RHEL presents episode 24 from two weeks ago, you're gonna actually see Matthew, Don, Scott, and myself talking about RHEL 8.5 and all the cool new stuff. And Matthew even gave an impromptu demo of system roles. So definitely go check that out as the system's rebooted. I am going to switch over to the satellite interface, satellite UI, because I'll tell you guys what I'm gonna do next. Can you guys see that? We can't help. Cool, okay. So both hosts should be showing up now as they both are. So that's my RHEL 8.8 host and my RHEL 7.8 host. A note about this, you may recall earlier, I did a cat at the Red Hat release and it showed Red Hat 8.4 while now it's showing 8.5 because I've done a reboot and an update and a reboot. Why isn't it logged in yet? It's still booting and that's the new version. My RHEL 7.8 host is currently updating, but it's not complete. So it's going to take some time before it's ready. We've got 15 minutes left. I wanted to show one more cool feature and that's remote execution. What I'm gonna do with remote execution is install the insights client. And what that means is I'll be able to use or view the client at some point on console.redhat.com and use insights to take a look at what's wrong with it. Or I can even look through here through the insights interface, which is where is insights? Yeah, right there and go back to, yeah, right here, that's right. Oh, I haven't configured this yet. I'll do that later. So before we move on to the next leg, David in the YouTube chat actually had a good question. Do you have any comments on install and configuration of a disconnected satellite server? So I've never done this myself, but here's how I think I would do it. I would have my satellite server. I would have two satellite servers installed and through a connected network. So then I would disconnect the, shall we say the disconnected satellite server, move it into the air-gapped environment. And yeah, that would probably be it. Now, after you've done the initial installation, you can then use, it's a hammer CLI command to do the export of the content from the primary satellite, primary online satellite, and then walk it over to your disconnected satellite. Yeah, and we have documentation that talks a lot about that. It's called inter-satellite sync or ISS. I don't know if that's a play on the whole space and satellite thing, but anyways, yeah, inter-satellite sync, it's documented how to do, export the content imported in there on your disconnected satellite server. So just to show you what, okay, I'm gonna go back and start this over again because I don't think I'm doing a very good job explaining what's going on here. So I'm in the hosts view, all hosts. I'm gonna click on this host here. These two hosts, 29.5 and 29.6, both don't have the insights client installed yet. And then what I'm gonna do is edit this host and I'm going to, you know what, I don't think I have imported the rules yet. No, I haven't. Okay, so this is a really fresh version of satellite that I have running. What I'm about to do is one of the initial steps you're gonna run yourself after you've done an installation. So one of those is to import the Ansible rules. And for those of you that don't know, Red Hat Satellite comes with a few default rules or playbooks and it's also compatible with our other favorite product, Red Hat Enterprise Linux system rules, which I actually know I have installed on here. That's Brian's baby right now. Yeah, we did just publish a blog on how to use system rules with satellite. So if you wanna get more information on that, I'll try to post that here in the chat. So I'm gonna add the Red Hat Insights client to the server and now I'm gonna go back and run that rule against the server. So again, just in case you didn't see it, go to hosts, all hosts, select the host, click on edit, click on Ansible rules, and then add this or assign it to this host. And now I'm gonna run it. So run the Ansible rule and that's gonna install the client. You can see the progress by clicking on the host name there and this is expected, it's unreachable. That's because for those that don't know, Ansible requires SSH, well it uses SSH and I haven't imported the public key from the satellite server into my host yet. So I gotta do that and you do that by, I'm gonna swap screens again. Yeah, I got you. Okay, and I'm gonna swap over to my terminator. And as root, you do that. You can also use SSH copy dash ID to do it, which is probably a better way of doing it than what I just did. But there's instructions on this in Brian's blog actually. So I'm gonna go back to the satellite interface. That's keeping me on my toes today. Okay, I'm going to rerun this job. The reason why you see me going, hmm, is because I was actually looking for this button. Rerun, I'm gonna submit it and I'm gonna click on the host name. Here we go. That's looking good. So remote execution is really handy. You can basically do anything and apply it to any number of hosts. So let's say you had a hundred hosts, you could remote execute against all hundred of them, which means that you can also run commands like yum install or DNF install, some kind of package and install that on your host. I'm gonna, in the background here, I'm gonna log into my rel 7 host and I'll show you one more thing. And I think the power of satellite comes in from a lot of the different tools that the Red Hat has been expanding on between system roles, image builder, satellite. I mean, if you look at a green field infrastructure nowadays, it would be so easy to create all the stuff using infrastructure's code, golden images, and just lay all this stuff out, set up different roles and profiles in satellite, have your content views, which we didn't go too deep into on this episode, but having all those things, you could literally tear down your entire infrastructure and with the click of a button, rebuild it from basically nothing. Just use image builder to create a template, have that image builder image tie into your satellite system. So when it first boots your system registers with insights and with satellite, and then you can use remote execution, you can use scheduled jobs, you can use different profiles to, using profiles is a generic term to define that this is gonna be a database server. So my database users need to have access to it. It needs these additional repositories for this database and basically just sitting back as an operator, instead of as a systems administrator, I don't have to go in and do this on 500 servers anymore. Instead, it really is a step closer to that dream of having infrastructure as code and having an infrastructure that is the same across every platform, across every infrastructure base, whether that's virtual bare metal cloud, or some kind of hybrid of all the above. This just gets so powerful as a systems administrator. And Eric, another, just on that train of thought, we also know how the satellite ansible collection that's supported, and you can use that to write code to implement your satellite. So we know, automate the installation and configuration of your satellite resources, either repositories, all the steps that Matthew was showing earlier of enabling the repositories, you can enable that through a playbook using that satellite ansible collection. Yeah, that's a great point. And just before we finish this live stream, I'm going to install VIN on these two hosts that I just configured. And you do that by going back and, well, there's multiple ways of doing it. For the purposes of this demo, I'm just gonna show you how to do it by going to all hosts, clicking on the two hosts that you want, going to schedule remote job, and it's a command we want to run. It'll run it through SSH. The command we'll run is uninstall minus y VIN. And hopefully this works. Yeah, this is working. Cool, right? So I'm gonna hit back. I'm gonna go to the other host. Oh, it's all a lot of stuff here. And it's done. But to your point, imagine having to do that same process across 100 nodes. Instead, you just clicked it and ran it once and you came in and we shouldn't. But as technologists, we were actually surprised it worked on the first try. This is a live demo. That's why I'm surprised it all works. And that's all I wanted to show today. We've got a couple of minutes left and Rope9, or R-Hope9 probably put a good comment into chat about how all this works well using these different tools but that's what containers excel at. Brian or Matt, do you have a comment? I kind of posted in chat that it's just another way of getting to the same place. We all know that within technology, there's a hundred ways to do any one thing. But do you wanna talk to the container story specifically? I'll give, if you don't mind, I'll go real fast and I'll go first, Brian. You know, a common gripe I hear with customers is they all wanna do containers but they don't know what to use them for. So yeah, absolutely use containers. And if you work for a business that's been around, has lots of hosts, has a real critical need for advanced infrastructure, absolutely go for it.  And not everybody is gonna understand how to use containers, how to build a CI CD pipeline. I mean, a lot of people out there, I don't know. How many businesses are using some form of Git or GitHub internally to manage their source code? I think it should be all, but I don't think that's always the case. Brian, what do you think? Before I hand it over to Brian, I wanted to add just one quick comment on that. One of the things that I kind of heard in between the lines of what you're saying was with something like Podman and containers, there seems to be a threshold somewhere. And it comes up a lot quicker than you think where just managing Podman containers by hand starts to get it out of hand. It starts to become untenable. And that's when you start thinking about something like an orchestrator, something like Red Hat OpenShift or just straight Kubernetes. So while running three or four containers may be great while even running a dozen containers on a single node or a couple of different nodes may work to begin with, it's one of those things that can quickly get out of hand, especially with something as small and as prolific as a container. So using something like satellite in an existing infrastructure would definitely help. I look at it as almost a spectrum of not everyone's going to use containers at all. Some people will have three or four and that's enough for them. Other people start out using a couple and then within a couple of quarters they realize that we have a thousand containers no way to schedule any of them. We need an orchestrator. So that's kind of what I heard as you were talking about. Go ahead Brian. But also, so I got one more wrench to throw in the works here. If you need persistent storage, how many people know how to manage that? Right, it is a different skill set required for sure. Yeah, so I mean someone's gonna say, hey, I'm gonna use an object storage system for persistent storage. How many organizations out there actually have some sort of object storage locally to manage all this stuff? Anyway, sorry, Brian, what do you think? Yeah, I think you guys covered it really well. I mean the key takeaway is if you wanna run just rel, we have that covered. If you wanna run some containers, we have Podman and if you wanna do a lot of containers we have OpenShift. So no matter where you're at, if you wanna use containers, don't wanna use containers, we have solutions to help you out with that. Well it's that, we are at the top of the hour and I wanted to first off, thank you Matt very much for coming on to two episodes in a row and talking about satellite. I know that this was long overdue, 25 episodes before we even mentioned, before we even demoed satellite. I know we've mentioned it in passing, but thank you so much for coming on back-to-back episodes and demoing different pieces of satellite. In fact, if you watch this episode, please post in the comments. We've been toying with the idea of doing a satellite like mini series and just kind of touching on some of the different major categories of satellite. So if you'd be interested in a satellite-focused mini series, put it in the comments, put it in our Discord server, and then I would be remiss if I didn't promote our next episode. And in two weeks, join Brian Smith and FatherLinux himself, that's his Twitter handle, Scott McCarty. He is another, he's one of the product managers here at Red Hat. We are going to talk about all things containers, so we're gonna talk about Podman. There is a question about, there's a question about logging with Podman. So come back in two weeks, same time, same channels, and we'll promote that. But I did want to add that there is a little bit of a twist to our look at Podman. With it being the beginning of December, and we're kind of winding down for the year, we're all kind of looking forward to that extended break at the end of December, we're gonna add a little bit of a fun twist to it, and we're going to deploy a gaming server on using Podman. So we haven't decided which one, whether that's Minecraft or something else, but definitely something I'm looking forward to. It'll be a great conversation, and Scott is a lot of fun. So tune back in in two weeks, and we'll have that episode. Brian, any closing thoughts before we get out of here? No, I just think so much, Matthew, this was awesome. No problem, I really enjoyed it. I hope to be back on again sometime. Well, I've already gotten a vote in chat that the Penguin Whisperer would like a satellite mini-series. So if the Penguin Whisperer says we should have a satellite mini-series, we probably should. But we'll look at doing that sometime next year. But until then, thank you all so much for joining us. Be sure to like and subscribe this video and our channel, join us every two weeks. And definitely follow us on Twitter at Red Hat Rel, and you can follow Satellite at Red Hat Satellite, both on Twitter. Brian, Matt, thank you guys so much, and we'll see you all in two weeks.