This is definitely a very interesting and important question But nevertheless, I would like to change the question a little bit and ask how can our life? How can we change the way how technologies are innovated? I think it's all about to develop technologies in a way that they meet our needs, that they inspire our desires, that they are giving us opportunities, that they are empowering us and this should be the lead already in the way how we think about innovations. We do have very big problems that many disruptive technologies are of course highly interesting, have a very high degree to make production cheaper, to make processes even more efficient, but they are conceived from a technical standpoint. They are conceived from the standpoint of productivity and not so much from the point of view of humanities. And I think this is when the role of artists suddenly becomes very important because they can create ideas in a different way. They can express the human aspect, the human dimension in a different way and they can inform the design and the way of innovation in such a direction in such a way that at the end it is something that we all can benefit of. And I think it would be a very good advice for the industry to think about these aspects much earlier because this could save really a lot of money of investment, design and development that is going just in the wrong direction. And when we look at all at many of the negative aspects at the moment that are coming along with information technologies, the lack of privacy, the surveillance, the control issues, I think if we would have listened to artists in much earlier time, we would have learned that some of these developments are going in the wrong direction and we could have saved a lot of time, saved a lot of money and we would have better technology. Thank you for considering it.


A large fire in the center of Mexico City sent a giant black plume of smoke into the sky on Thursday afternoon, prompting authorities to initiate evacuations in the immediate vicinity as firefighters battled to get the blaze under control of flames were visible from several kilometers away hours after the pillar of smoke began rising workers who owned or rented warehouses at Oasis Plaza lamented the fire, expecting this to affect their businesses but also stayed alert to avoid possible. Polluting Mexico City civil protection authorities said on social media platform X that there were no immediate reports of casualties and that hundreds of people had been evacuated.


For social security disability cases, believe it or not, I'm an attorney, so I'm going to be wearing a suit. The judge obviously is dressed professionally, but most of the times we tell our clients to just be comfortable. It's not required that you dress up like for a job interview. So long as you are presentable with a collared shirt, pants, or jeans even, most of these judges understand by the time you get in front of them, first of all, you're there because you have severe health issues, so they want you to be comfortable. They also understand you've probably not been working for a couple of years, so what you wear is not a tremendous concern, so long as you keep in mind to be respectful.


So, now we are going to be seeing tutorials on essential nutrition action, ENA, these are the actions which can be taken when mother is pregnant and also when baby is under two years of age and we will see that what are these actions, what can be done which will improve children's height as well as children's IQ because when mothers come to us when children are already more than three years, four years of age and even older children mothers sometimes complain that they don't remember, they can't concentrate, they have difficulty with the math, so then it's too late, so here in these two tutorials which are coming up we have discussed that what are those nutrition action that we can ask mothers to take and you will definitely see much better growth in babies till two years of age, thank you. Welcome to the spoken tutorial on essential nutrition actions for pregnant women. In this tutorial we will learn about nutrient requirements during pregnancy, nutrition actions required during pregnancy. Essential nutrition actions are also known as ENA. ENA is an approach to improve the nutritional status of women and children. During pregnancy a woman's body undergoes physical and hormonal changes. Her nutritional needs also increase. Nutrition in this period is important for the health of the mother and child. A baby in the mother's womb is dependent on its mother for nutrition. Time span from conception to the baby's second birthday is the first thousand days. This is the period of rapid growth and mental development. It also determines the present and future health of the baby and its mother. For the mother a nutritious diet provides her relief from nausea and weakness. It helps in brain development of the fetus. It also helps in reducing risk of birth defects in babies and anemia in mothers. Let's discuss the nutrients and nutrition actions required during pregnancy. There are many essential nutrients required during pregnancy. Protein is one of them. To meet the protein requirements it is advised to eat protein rich food. Meat, fish, chicken and eggs are excellent sources of protein. Pulses, beans, nuts, seeds, milk and milk products are other good sources. Essential fatty acids are also vital during pregnancy. These are also called as good fats. For example, DHA and EPA. Fish, nuts and seeds are good sources of these fatty acids. Let's move on to other nutrients required during pregnancy. Folate is essential for DNA synthesis and fetal cell development. It also helps in reducing neural tube defects in infants. Including folate in daily diet during pregnancy is essential. Sprouts, green leafy vegetables and chicken liver are good sources of folate. Along with folate, iron also plays an important role during pregnancy. Iron is required for the production of red blood cells. It helps in carrying oxygen to the entire body. During pregnancy there is a rise in blood volume. Hence women require a large amount of iron. This helps in meeting the requirements of the growing fetus. A reserve of iron is created in the fetus which can be used by them after birth. Deficiency of iron can result in anemia. To prevent anemia the diet should include iron-rich foods. Chicken or goat's liver, brain, heart are good sources of iron. Seafood, eggs and garden crest seeds are other examples. Iron is also present in beans, green leafy vegetables and seeds. Turmeric powder and coriander seeds also have some amounts of iron. Anemia can also be caused due to parasite and worm infections. To prevent this a pregnant woman should take deworming medicine. One dose of deworming medicine is recommended during the second trimester. Remember that tea and coffee should not be consumed along with meals. This will interfere with the iron absorption. Interestingly vitamin C improves the absorption of iron in our body. To do so eat iron-rich food and supplements with vitamin C rich food. Gooseberry, tomatoes, gauva are rich sources of vitamin C. Iron and folate requirements increase during pregnancy. Diet alone does not fulfill these requirements. Thus iron-folic acid supplement is recommended. However a prenatal supplement does not replace a healthy diet. A prenatal supplement is taken before and during pregnancy. Pregnant women should ask for iron-folic acid tablets from health workers. These tablets are provided by Anganwadi centres. The tablet should be taken once a day. Pregnant women should take precautions while taking iron-folic acid tablet. Tablets should be taken two hours after a meal to avoid nausea and discomfort. At times she may pass black stools after consuming these tablets. Lose motion or constipation can also occur. However these symptoms will settle after a few days. Also iron-folic acid tablets should not be taken along with calcium tablets. They should be taken as morning and evening doses. Calcium is another vital nutrient required during pregnancy. Calcium deficiency in pregnant women causes high blood pressure. It leads to swelling of the hand and feet. To avoid deficiency she should include milk and milk products in her daily diet. Seeds, nuts, green leafy vegetables and dried fish also contain calcium. Calcium supplements are also recommended during and after pregnancy. Calcium tablets are provided by ICDS centres and primary healthcare centres. ICDS is an integrated child development service. These tablets are given from 14 weeks of pregnancy up to 6 months after delivery. The tablet has to be taken twice a day. Excess amount of calcium inhibits iron absorption. Hence two calcium tablets should not be consumed together. One tablet should be consumed after breakfast or lunch. The other tablet can be consumed after an evening snack or dinner. Do not consume a calcium tablet on an empty stomach as it will cause gastritis. Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining. Another nutrient that plays a vital role is iodine. Iodine is required for good health throughout all stages of life. Iodine cannot be stored well in the body. Hence small quantities of iodine is required daily. Fish, prawns, milk, cheese and iodized salt are good sources of iodine. To prevent iodine deficiency, iodized salt should be used. Iodized salt is easily available in the local market. While using iodized salt, a few precautions should be taken. It should be added at the end of the cooking. Iodized salt is sensitive to heat and light. Excess exposure to heat and light could destroy the iodine in the salt. Hence store it in a tightly sealed dark container. Other nutrients that play a vital role during pregnancy are choline and zinc. Vitamin B12 and magnesium are also important. Choline, folate and vitamin B12 together reduce neural tube defects. Neural tube defects are birth defects that affect the brain and spinal cord. Choline is also essential for brain development whereas zinc helps in fetal development. More information about these nutrients are explained in other tutorials. Please watch individual tutorials of these nutrients. For example, importance of protein, importance of choline and folate. Also watch the importance of calcium and B12. A healthy diet is critical for both mother and child's health. Mother's diet must include different food groups. The first food group is grains, roots, white tubers and plantains. Pulses are second group and nuts and seeds are third group. Fourth group is dairy. Meat, chicken and fish are the fifth group. The sixth group is eggs. Dark green leafy vegetables are the seventh group. The eighth group is vitamin A rich vegetables. Rest of the vegetables and fruits are ninth and tenth groups. She should include at least six food groups in her daily diet. From these groups, she should include protein rich food groups and good fats. She should make sure to decrease consumption of starchy food. Along with nutrients, water intake is also important. It is recommended to include at least eight glasses of water daily. Processed sugary, salty food and caffeinated drinks should be avoided. Even alcohol and smoking should be strictly avoided. Remember all the nutrition actions mentioned in this tutorial. They are important for a healthy pregnancy and healthy fetal development. This brings us to the end of this tutorial. Thanks for joining. Welcome to the spoken tutorial on essential nutrition actions for children. In this tutorial, we will learn about the best ways to prevent malnutrition. Essential nutrition actions are preventive approach to tackle malnutrition. They are required during the first thousand days. First thousand days start from conception to the second birthday of the baby. Essential nutrition actions are also known as ENA. For a newborn, the first ENA to be done is delaying the clamping of the cord. The umbilical cord should not be cut immediately after delivery. The nurse should first feel the pulsation of the cord. The cord should be cut when it stops pulsating. Delayed cord clamping allows blood flow between placenta and the baby. This may improve the iron store in the baby for first six months. Doing so prevents anemia in babies during these months. After clamping the cord, the baby should be breastfed. To do so, the baby should be placed on the mother's bare abdomen. A baby is born with an instinctive feeding behavior. With this behavior, it can find the mother's breast and initiate breastfeeding. This entire process is called breast crawl. More about breast crawl has been explained in another tutorial. Please visit our website for this tutorial. It is important to start breastfeeding within one hour of birth. The first milk is called colostrum. It is the primary source of nutrients for a newborn. Colostrum has infection fighting elements and good fats. Breast milk is also the first source of vitamin A for the baby. Vitamin A is vital for healthy eyes and immunity. Breast milk is enough to meet the vitamin A requirements for the first six months. After six months, vitamin A rich complementary food should be given. For effective breastfeeding, correct latching is most important. Poor attachment of the baby's mouth to the breast will result in nipple feeding. This will give very little milk to the baby. Baby's mouth should attach to the lower part of the areola. This way, the baby will get sufficient milk. Areola is the dark area around the nipple. Breastfeeding techniques are discussed in other tutorials. On completion of six months, the baby's nutrient requirement increases rapidly. At this stage, exclusive breastfeeding is not enough. Thus, complementary food should be introduced along with breastfeeding. It should start as soon as the baby completes six months of age. Six months of age does not mean the start of the sixth month of a baby's life. It means she has completed six months and has started the seventh month of her life. Also, the quantity and consistency of the food should be changed as per the age. A baby's diet must include different food groups. The first food group is breastfeeding. Grains, roots and tubers are the second group. Legumes, seeds and nuts are the third group. Fourth group is milk products. Meat, fish and chicken are the fifth group. Egg is the sixth group. Vitamin A rich fruits and vegetables are the seventh group. Lastly, eighth group is other fruits and vegetables. Ideally, a baby's diet must include all eight food groups. All these foods provide nutrients that help in the growth of the baby. The details of complementary feeding have been discussed in another tutorial. Let us now look at the supplements that should be given to the babies. To five years, iron folic acid supplements should be given. It has to be given to the babies twice a week by healthcare workers. Vitamin A supplement should be given twice a year. This supplement is given from nine months to five years of age. The supplements should be given under the guidance of a healthcare provider. ENA to treat a baby having diarrhea. Diarrhea is a major cause of malnutrition. It causes water loss and imbalance of sodium and potassium in the body. In severe cases, infant deaths may also happen. Hence, it is very important to treat diarrhea. ORS and zinc supplements help in treating diarrhea. ORS is oral rehydration salts. It replenishes the water and sodium and potassium in the body. It is easily available in the market as powder form in packets. To use it, mix one packet of ORS in one litter of boiled and cooled water. Along with ORS, zinc supplement is necessary too. Zinc reduces the duration, frequency and severity of diarrhea in children. It improves the immunity of the baby. It should be given once a day for fourteen days. Ten milligrams of zinc per day should be given to the babies below six weeks. Twenty milligrams of zinc per day should be given to six months old and above. In a small spoon dissolve zinc tablets in breast milk or ORS. You may also use boiled and cooled water. ORS and zinc tablets should be given after consulting a healthcare provider. Along with ORS and zinc, less than six month old babies should be breastfed. Six to twenty-four month old babies should be breastfed and given complimentary food. Remember, a baby during sickness should be breastfed often. It helps in faster recovery and weight gain.   Kangaroo mother care is also recommended for low birth weight babies. More about kangaroo mother care has been discussed in another tutorial. If the baby is older than six months, increase the food to one and a half times. Do this when the baby's appetite comes back during the recovery period. Encourage the baby to eat by offering a variety of foods. Give her type one and type two nutrient rich food as per her hunger cues. More about type one and type two nutrients has been discussed. In severe conditions, the mother should consult a healthcare worker immediately. Healthcare workers should refer the severely malnourished babies to the NRC. NRC is a nutrition rehabilitation centre. It is a unit for restoring the health of severely malnourished children. This centre provides specialized nutrition therapy to babies. It makes them ready for home cooked food if they have completed six months of age. It also educates mothers about breastfeeding, child nutrition and child care. Follow the essential nutrition actions to keep the baby healthy. They also help in preventing malnutrition in babies. This brings us to the end of this tutorial.


Ukrainian official behind Western media reports of Russian atrocities fired by Ukrainian parliament. A Ukrainian government official frequently cited as a source by Western news media for her allegations of atrocities committed by Russian troops has been fired by the Ukrainian parliament, in part because of the unevidence nature of those claims. Newsweek reports, quote, A Ukrainian official has been relieved of her duties over her handling of reports detailing sexual assault allegations made against Russians in Ukraine. On Tuesday, the Ukrainian parliament, the Varkovna Rada of Ukraine, removed Lyudmila Denisova, the parliament's commissioner for human rights, from her post, according to Ukraine's Kupravda. No new appointment has been made to fill the role. The move to dismiss Denisova came after outrage about the wording used in public reports about alleged sexual assaults committed by Russians, as well as the alleged dissemination in those reports of unverified information. Despite accusations from Ukraine, the Kremlin has repeatedly denied that Russian soldiers have committed war crimes or sexual assaults during the invasion, end quote. As it happens, Newsweek is one of the many Western outlets who have uncritically cited Denisova's unevidence claims in their reporting of events in Ukraine.  Denisova's name featured just the other day in my own critique of the Western media's blind faith regurgitation of Ukrainian government assertions when multiple media outlets paraded her unevidence claims about two Russians raping a one-year-old baby to death. Business Insider, The Daily Beast, The Daily Mail, The Sun, Metro, The Daily Mirror, and Yahoo News all published reports on the same story, and the one and only source for all of them was a post made by Denisova on a Ukrainian government website which contained no evidence and concluded with a call for more weapons and sanctions against Russia from the Western world. Moon of Alabama has compiled other Western news media reports which have been uncritically regurgitating claims made by Denisova and disguising those claims as news stories.  This is not just brazen journalistic malpractice, this is actual atrocity propaganda. This latest development shows that even the Ukrainian government is more skeptical of Ukrainian government claims than the Western mainstream press.


Okay, good morning everyone. It's good to be together again new week. Let's begin this time with a word of prayer. Just thank the Lord for His grace. You know week after week we meet and we study together. It is God's grace upon our lives. So let's just thank the Lord. Father, we thank you so much for this new week that you have blessed us with the God. We thank you for your mercies that are new every morning, for your grace upon each of our lives, for the ability to learn, to grow, to develop ourselves as a God. Lord, even as we look forward to this week in this class, I pray Holy Spirit that you will speak to us. We will speak in us and through us as a God. Lord, we just submit this time even as we learn. We pray God that you will empower us. You will strengthen us. You will anoint us for your purposes Lord. In Jesus' name we pray. Amen. Okay, how's everyone doing? Good. Okay, so last class we did chapter 8 and we looked at very important points on understanding and reason. If we look at the Apostle Paul in the book of Acts, right? Let's just do a quick review. I know a few of last class there was a little bit of a confusion but maybe some of you have missed the class. The recording is available. You can listen to it. But let me just do a quick review and then we didn't complete this chapter. We stopped in between, so let's try and complete this and get into chapter 9 as well. Okay, so understanding and reasoning and this is what the Apostle Paul did, right? In Acts chapter 17, Paul goes into Athens, right? In his second missionary journey, he goes into Athens and we look at two things. Who are the two kinds of people in Athens? Epicurean and Stoic. Right? So these two kinds of people both had their own belief system. But their belief systems were different yet it was not in nowhere close to what the Bible or according to the, you know, what the Bible teaches. So the Epicureans believed that everything in this world is from God and in the end, pleasure is the end of everything. The Stoics believed one day we will die. We will know God is a big fire.  So the Apostle Paul has gone to that place and he's sharing about the gospel. Yesterday on Sunday, we looked at the power of the gospel, right? So he's sharing about the gospel. It was something that was unique. It was something that they have never heard in their life yet they said, Hey, Paul, we want to hear you again. So you come to this main council, right? The main place where all these political decisions and all these reasonings and arguments and everything is resolved in this place. So you come to the center of the city and you speak to us, right? And so we picked up some points on how the Apostle Paul spoke to the people who were listening to him, right? Let's look at those few points. It's all in Acts chapter 17 onwards, right? First thing that he did was he said in Acts 17, 22, he said, You are very religious. So what did Paul do? He didn't condemn them. He said, Hey, you're all very religious. I was searching for a God. When I walk around, I see that you've written, you've got a temple and you've got a statue. It says to an unknown God. So you're very religious. He didn't condemn to he used something to relate and to understand with them. That is that became a starting point. So what did he say? See, I see that you have a statue saying an unknown God.  And he begins to share the gospel. Thirdly, he says, Acts 17, 28, some of your own poets have said for we are his offsprings. So this was very, I think this was the most powerful impact that would have happened to those who are hearing because for the Epicureans and the Stoics, God was just somebody outside this world, outside in the cosmos, a fire. Now, their own poets are saying we are his offspring.  If God is a statue, then we also must be a statue of spring. You know, the word offspring means a resemblance of we are offsprings of our parents. Somewhere or the other, we resemble our parents, offsprings. So Paul is making an argument there and he says, your own poets have said that we are his offspring. I'm not saying anything. So here again, you see Paul is taking the safe place. He's putting the ball in their court, meaning he's saying your people, your community, your writers, your philosophers have written, we are God's offspring. So if you put a statue and say to an unknown God, how can we be God's offspring? So the third point is also to understand. So the Apostle Paul, he learned about the culture. He probably went back and read. What are these Athens all about? What are they doing? It's not like Apostle Paul has gone there two, three times, visited the place, spent a holiday there, come back. No, it's the first time he's in Athens. There's no record of him going there ever, first time. And so he was able to make an effort to learn about their belief system. And thirdly, he moves or fourthly, he moves into sharing the gospel. And so first thing, what does he do? He recognizes where they are in their spiritual aspect. They're all religious. Two, he says, I see a statue to an unknown God. What is unknown to you? Let me bring it to you. So what is he doing? He's got a starting point. Three, he says he made an effort to learn about their books and their philosophers. Four, he brings the gospel in, talks about God's judgment, God's forgiveness and how God can restore us. And he shares the message of our Lord Jesus Christ. Now, what was the outcome? We saw two outcomes. First outcome was some of them mocked. Everyone say mocked. The word mocked means nonsense you're talking. It's not making sense. Remember, the Athens are all philosophers, great learners.  And that makes sense, but this does not make sense. Some of them criticized. What are you talking? One man came from heaven. He lived a good life. He had some disciples. Then he had to take all the sins of the world. So he took all the sins of the world. He put it on himself and he willingly died on the cross. And if we believe in his death, we believe in his resurrection, we have eternal life. Does that make sense? It doesn't make sense. So some of them what they said is foolish. Doesn't make sense at all. But the others, some of them believed. And some of them who believed were people who were in the congregation. So we're talking about leaders. There are some of those who believe were political leaders. They believed. And it goes on at the end that few of them believed and they became a community of believers. A church was planted. How long all this took? You want to say a 10-minute sermon? Within 10 minutes, right? Now, what is the most important thing that I learned from this passage? Apostle Paul, he did not boast about his revelations. He did not boast about who he is. Does he? Now he's old man. He's an old man. He's almost, he's more than 50 years old. He's standing there, right? And he's talking. He didn't say, hey, you know what? I met Jesus. I was the commander of the temple guard. You asked me 10 questions in Judaism. I will answer all of them correctly. And I will ask you questions. Let me see if you will answer. I know more than you. Was it true? Yes. Because it says that he was a learned man, studied under Gamaliel. And he was commander of the temple guard. So he knows he was a strong man. He had so many things under him, but Paul does not boast about anything. Does he say anywhere? No, I did this, I did this, I did this. This is what it is. This is what the gospel is. Through the gospel, you will be saved, right? So it's a very important learning. Yes, testimonies are important. We share our testimonies. Many times people have asked me, why don't you share your testimony? Testimonies can bring an encouragement. Wow, you know, God has changed his life so he can change my life also. That's good. But the real change happens and the power of the gospel. That's the real change. See, testimony, people will forget after one week. After two weeks, they'll forget. After one month, they'll forget. Or maybe after a year, they'll forget because, you know, it's a testimony of somebody else. But when the gospel, when the message of Christ goes into us, we will not forget it. Even in our death bed, we will remember the time somebody shared the gospel with us. Maybe you were 10 years old. Somebody shared the gospel in children's church. You become a believer. Now, you're 100 years old, you're on the death bed.  You will remember, hey, when I was 10 years old, I gave my life to Christ. What was the message? This Sunday school teacher said that, you know, when we are all sinners, but Jesus died on the cross. And because of his death, we find forgiveness of sins.  That is the power of the gospel. And throughout those 90 years, he must have heard many testimonies. He must have forgotten many testimonies also. But his testimony will be true to himself. So very important lesson. Good to share testimony. We talked about it, right? Two-minute testimony, five-minute testimony, 10-minute testimony, all of that. But rely on sharing the gospel. And many times we may feel, I need to add something to this. It's very simple. It's too simple. God loved this world. He came into this world as a human being. He lived among us. He lived a holy life. He was crucified. He took up our sins. He resurrected on the third day, and now we live again. When we die, they will live again. It's too simple. Can we add something to it? Not required. That is more than enough. That's what Paul says, no? The message of the cross. It is foolishness to those who are perishing. It won't make sense to them. But for you and I, it is a gift of God. It is salvation. So why is it that when people ask you, hey, why you believe in Jesus? Why is that conviction there? Because of the gospel, because of what Jesus did. Nobody can tell you don't believe in Jesus. Even if they say, what will you say? I can't help it. I have to believe it. Show me proof. Where is Jesus? I don't know where is proof, but I know that the Bible tells me Jesus came into this world. From where that conviction came. We can look at our own selves and say, who told us? How many of you were unbelievers before? You were from another faith. Anyone here? You were from another faith. And there are so many people I meet who are from other faiths. Who told them? Who told them they can go back now? Why is it they are willing to give their life for this gospel? Have you ever thought of it? You know, sometimes we are all born in a Christian home. We see all those Bible verses everywhere. It's all common. Yes or no? I grew up in a Christian home. Everywhere there's Bible verses, but nothing I knew. It becomes common, but the reality sinks in when we understand. Why is it that people right now also are willing to give their life for Jesus? And I saw one video recently. This video, somebody shared it with me. This video, there's a Palestinian Christian. So a Palestinian Christian. And the reporters are saying, if you don't, how can you believe in the Israel God, the God of Israel? First of all, Israel don't believe, many of them don't believe in Jesus. But the interviewer didn't do his study. So says, how can you believe in the God of Israel? So he's saying, that's not the God of Israel. That's my God. God has chosen me also.  So I called. And he's saying that, cool. And that interviewer was shocked.  He's saying, no, I'm not afraid.  But that video was so powerful because the interviewer was also asking, do you have wife and children? He said, yeah, I have wife and children. Where are your children? They're in the school. So is it okay? You'll not see your children again. He's saying, no, it'll be painful. But I know that, I know what Jesus did for me. So there's no way I can deny him. You see that? Who, for where did that come? The power of the gospel, the message of the cross. And it's deep inside. Nobody in this world can take it up. But anti-conversion bill can come. Any conversion bill, reversion bill, any bill, it doesn't matter. Any bill, let it come. The Bible says the gospel will only advance. Of course, we, you know, yesterday we talked about this that we change the way we minister to people. We change the way we reach out. But the gospel will only advance. Everyone say advance. The devil, what he wants to do, he wants to stop the church.  But the gospel will only advance. It will only grow. But what about people who are leaving Christianity? Five leave, 500 will come. That's how God works. 500 leave, 5,000 will come. 5,000 leave, 5 million will come.  So his gospel is powerful. Let's look at a few insights. This is where we stopped last class. Okay, a few additional insights. Preach Christ and his work on the cross. Understand, reason, but remember that reasoning alone cannot do everything, right? So when you're ministering to a Hindu or a Muslim or a person from another faith, only reasoning will not do all the work. Reasoning is important. What did Paul do? He reasoned with them, then he brought the gospel. He said, this is what Jesus did, right? Do not get into meaningless arguments and debates. Now, many times when we are communicating with people, ministering the gospel, it can become an argument. Tell me where Jesus said, I am God. In the Bible, I am God. Where is Jesus said? So, you know, the people from other faiths will say, it's not there in the Bible. So many times, I would get so upset. I'd say, what do you mean it's not there in the Bible?  Who became flesh? You became flesh. Jesus, the word became flesh. Way later on in the end of Revelation, he says, the word was sitting. He's the word, he became flesh. And all through, Jesus himself was saying, before Abraham was I am. God tells Moses, if they ask who sent you, what do I say? Say, I am sent me. And all through, what does Jesus say? I am the way, the truth and the life. I am the light of the world. I am this, I am before everything I am. So obvious, but where is it written? Jesus saying, I am God. So many times they don't. But sometimes it, when it gets into meaningless debates, see there are times people will only want to debate. They only wanna talk. They don't want to, their mind is not open. They just wanna, okay, tell me, I will tell you back. They have something on the other. Their mind is closed. Now we must understand, we must have this ability to be able to look at people. I mean, you're talking to them to decide, is it the right time to go ahead or not? What did Paul do? 10 minutes he preached. He shared the gospel and he finished. Probably he would have said, okay, I am done. And after he was done, he said, people criticize and sneer at him. Nobody interrupted him. 10 minutes shared. So don't get into meaningless arguments and debates. Debate is good, but when it's getting into an argument, stop. Let's move on. Everyone with me? Okay, let's look at this. Understanding Hindus and Muslims. Now, living in India, how many of you have Hindus and Muslims as friends? All of us. If you don't have, make friends.  I'll sit on Jesus' lap. No, don't do all that. God said, Jesus said, go into this world. I'm sending you into this world. So be open to people. Be open to meeting with people. Points to emphasize while speaking with a Hindu. Now, for example, there's a Hindu, a friend you have, and he's your childhood friend, your good friends. Now, what are some of the ways that you can minister to this person?  So how can you minister to them? Now, he's your best friend, he's a good friend, but we need to be careful how you will minister. So let's look at a few points. First one, point out the existence of sin and evil. Now, the Bible talks about sin, evil, death, all of that. Now, look at what Hinduism talks about. Karma and reincarnation. What is karma? If you do good in this life when you die, you'll become someone better in your next life. Karma is you do good to me, good will happen to you. Reincarnation, that is, if I have done very good, if I've given to the poor, if I have looked after my parents, I've lived a good life, I've done all the sacrifices, I've done everything, offerings, and all of that I've done. I've been a good person. So next life, instead of becoming an animal, I'll become something better. I'll go next level. Now, if you go deeper into Hinduism, you have different, right? The Shatriyas, the Vaidyas, and the Shudras, and all of those things, right? So they believe that when you're born, you're born in one of those three sects, right? The Shatriyas are the highest, the Brahmins, who are part of the Shatriyas, the Vaidyas, and then the Shudras who are the lowest. And so for them, you're going up to the level. You die, you have a good, you live a good life, reincarnation. Now, how can you bring out the gospel? One thing you can ask is, how do you know your sins are forgiven? Have you ever asked that to a Hindu? So we all sin, the Hindu will say, yes. Do we all, are we all evil? They'll say, yes, because they believe it, right? Now, so you and I are sinners. So how do I know that my sins are forgiven? So the Hindu will say, I go to, you know, these places of worship, I do what I have to do, and I give sacrifices, I offer things, I do all the offerings and I come back and I know that God will forgive me. They will say that, right? Okay. Now, next follow up question you can ask is, that means you're getting forgiveness through your own works. So the more you work, the more God will forgive you. They'll say, yes. Now comes your question. So let me tell you about why, what we believe in.  I'm not very holy. I'm also a sinner. But when God saw my sin, he knew that the sin cannot be taken on by my own self. So that is why God had to become man to identify with me and to take up my sins on the cross. So now I know I am forgiven and I'm not coming by my work, but I'm coming by the work that Jesus did. So you see the difference here? Now, while we are saying this, many questions may come to our mind. Will he understand? Will he understand? Don't worry. Because what you're doing, you're sharing the gospel. Right? It's the gospel what he's sharing. And it's the power of God. It may go into his mind and when it goes into his heart, he can become a believer. Okay? Two. We talk about forgiveness, contrasted with karma and reincarnation. Right? So again, it's not by the works that we do. When we, you know, in Hinduism, there's a lot of things that that they do to obtain forgiveness. I'm sure you know about it. Kneeling and walking up the steps, rolling on, you know, walking on fire, walking on so many things. Right? These are all done for forgiveness. God forgive me. Otherwise I'll hit myself. I'll beat myself. I'll go through all of this. But in Christianity, it's a wonderful that forgiveness is through the blood of Jesus. So you just say, hey, I'm forgiven, not because I climbed up this hundred steps or walked on salt and walked on fire. I'm forgiven because of what Jesus did. By myself, I cannot be forgiven. Even if I hire an aircraft and go around the world two times, I cannot be forgiven. By myself, it's not possible. But through the blood of Jesus, I find forgiveness. So these words, right? Forgiveness, evil, sin, use these words when you're sharing. Purposely use it. Sometimes we feel that they may not know. No, they know. They know. They would have heard it. When you talk about sin, anyone will know it. Evil. Forgiveness. Anyone will know it. So you bring out these words, word choices are very important when ministering to people. Three, when you talk about to Hindus, Christ contrasted with many avatars, meaning now when you look, when you read about Hinduism, you see that there are many avatars, right? Meaning many, many gods and goddesses. And this one God portrays himself in many avatars, right? I would also say many positions or many kinds of gods. That's what Hinduism is. So in Christianity, Christ is the most unique. Tell me who is in which religion has a person come, he has lived and resurrected again. No religion. Now, the way you put it across was very important, right? Now imagine you're speaking to a Hindu. You don't say, okay, tell me where is where is your God? Tell me. He fell in the water and he's gone. My Jesus walked on the water. That's the wrong way to bring it out, right? Now, you've got to learn how to put it. What is Christ's uniqueness? If you look through history, does history prove that these gods and goddesses lived? Is there a historical proof? There's no historical proof. Does history prove that Jesus is, Jesus lived? Was Jesus just some person who lived in the sky? There was a person. Okay, whether he's God or not, that is secondary. There was a person named Jesus. He lived during the Roman century, Roman government. There was a man named Jesus. Who is Jesus? He was the son of Joseph and Mary. Where does he live? He lived, he was born in Bethlehem, lived in Galilee, Jerusalem. There was a person named Jesus. So, even Romans or Gentiles have written that there is a man named Jesus. You cannot change that. So, that's historical proof. There is historical proof that Jesus died on the cross. Roman philosophers have written Jesus died on the cross. When they write their books, no, they've written. There was a man named Jesus. He died on the cross.  Yes. So, you've got history to back you up. Okay. So, this is my history. And history proves that Jesus was taken and put that he died and he was put into the tomb. History is proving. And history also proves because some of your own writers, the Romans and the Greeks have written that his body was not seen after three days. It is not there. It is impossible to steal a body. Can four or five people come, carry Jesus' body and go? You know, the Roman, around the tomb, there was a Roman centurion. Right? If you see, what is century? What is century? Hundred years. Okay, hundred. A Roman centurion. You know how many soldiers were there around that tomb? At least about hundred soldiers. So, you're saying the disciples went hiding, opened the tomb in front of about a hundred soldiers guarding the tomb. But anyways, what we're trying to say is look at the uniqueness of Christ. Bring it out. The world says when somebody hits you, hit them back. Jesus said, somebody hits you. Show the other cheek. Hey, what's unique about this? In the world, leadership means to stand and to tell people what to do.   The leader should wash the servant's feet. But in other religions, the servants wash the leader's feet. What is so unique about Jesus? Bring it out. Right? Everyone with me? Bring out his nature, his attributes and who he is. He was sinless. He was perfect. And he came and he did a perfect work.  Now, when you look at Buddhism, Hinduism, other religions, they want to obtain this thing called Nirvana. How many of you know what's Nirvana? Nirvana means a place of complete rest and peace. So what do they do? They pack up their bags, everything, they go into the mountains and they sit in the mountain and begin to meditate. Why? They want to attain that place of perfect peace away from the world. Right? Now, they do that by their own efforts. It may take 5 years, 10 years, 30 years. They're still sitting in the mountain in quietness. Why? Because they want that perfect peace. But look at Jesus. He wants a relationship with us. God is putting his hand out and saying, I want to have a relationship with you. It's not like we are using our own effort and saying, God, where are you? God, where are you? I want this peace. No, God is stretching out his hand and he's saying, I want to have a personal relationship with you. So what does that mean? There is no other religion that has, that God has a personal relationship with you and me. There's no other religion. In Hinduism, no. In Islam, no.  Why? How can you be friends with God? Who are you? You're nothing.  How can you have a relationship with God? No. It's not possible. They don't understand that it's not we that is reaching out. God is reaching out to us. When we try to reach out, we will fail. That's what happened in the Old Testament. They're trying to reach God. God said it's time I reach out to my people. Right? So when we talk to them, think about all this, right? You can have a personal relationship with God. And finally, Christ's power to transform an individual life versus engaging with self-actual actualization, self-realization and self-discipline. Now, self-discipline, self, you know, governing, all of this is important. But as believers, you and I depend on Christ's power. We are disciplined.  We're depending on God's power. But here, it's more about self. I must do it. I must get well. I must prepare myself. If I do it, everything will be right with me. Now, there's nothing wrong with that. But if you look at it, you'll be depending on yourself. And so, if you become prosperous and famous and successful, because I did it. But here, in Christianity, God may make us prosperous, successful big businessmen, you know, doing great things. What do we say? It is by hopefully, we'll say it's by God's grace. God's grace. But here, I did it. I am the one who woke up early boarding. I am the one who worked 10 years constantly. You know, 12 hours shift every day. That is why now I am the CEO of the company. And the believer here is saying, I worked hard, but it is not me. It is the grace of God. You see the difference? Both put in 12 hours. Both put in a lot of effort. One is saying because I did it. One is saying it's the grace of God. So that's the difference. Christ's power to transform and change our lives. Secondly, let's look at how a few points to emphasize while speaking to a Muslim. Everyone with me? Okay. Now, if you go deep into Islam, you know, Islam has after the 9th towards the 10th century, Islam has two sects within them. One is the Shia Muslims and one is the Sunni Muslims. That's not in your notes. You learn more in the next semester. So, there are the Muslims who are very strong in their faith. There are some that are okay. I don't have to do this. Just like Christians. I don't have to go to church on Sundays. Once a month is alright. In the same way, there are Muslims. I don't have to go to the mosque on Friday. Once a month is alright. But you have some of them who go every day. So there are different kinds of people in different kinds of levels. Each Muslim is different. Find out what they believe. Because not all Muslims believe in the same thing. As I said, when Islam was founded, later on they became two sects. Think about it in Christianity. There are some who believe in speaking in tongues. There are some who don't believe in speaking in tongues. There are some who believe in miracles. There are some who don't believe in miracles. There are some who believe in the rapture. There are few of them who don't believe in the rapture. There are few of them who believe in the judgment seat of Christ. Some of them, they don't believe in the judgment seat of Christ. So, there are differences. So, always find out what kind of person, what is his belief system. Now, if you ask a Muslim, hey, what do you believe in? Just generally, what do you believe in? He's not going to get angry and say, I'll put you to jail. He's not going to say that. He will say what he believes in. It's a very simple question. You're not saying believe in. But all you're saying is, hey, what do you believe in? It could be a stranger. What is your belief system? Then he will share. Then you will get to understand, okay, this person is a religious person. Or you may find, hey, you know, you may ask somebody else, hey, what do you believe in? I don't know. My parents are Muslim. I'm also a Muslim. But I don't really go to, you know, on Friday prayers. I don't really follow all of that. Only a few festivals I go to. Apart from that, I don't know much. So, you know, okay, this other person is, he knows, he's religious. He's going to Friday church, Friday prayers and he knows, but this other person does not believe. So, you know how to enter in a wise way. So let's look at a few points on how the traditional Muslim and the modern Muslims, their two belief systems, how we can reach out to them. Okay. Number one, establish genuine friendship. Very, very important.  You're just meeting them for maybe 10, 15 minutes. And so that is a time when you just try to share as much as you can, just given the gospel in a very powerful way. And then trust the Lord to work in their life. The seed is sown. You've done your part. But in places where you can build friendships, establish friendships. How many of you have heard of Nabil Qureshi? He was a very famous Muslim. Now, he had a friend named David Wood and they were very close friends. Now, David Wood was a very strong Christian, very strong Christian. Nabil Qureshi was a very strong Muslim, but they were very close friends. Okay. The religion did not, you know, separate them. So in his testimony, you know, he says we were always learning more and more. David Wood will study the word and he will try to come up with all kinds of things to share. Not condemning, but sharing about the Bible and Nabil Qureshi will try all he can to prove the Bible wrong. So this went on for four months, five months, six months and almost one year down the line, right? Nabil Qureshi could not find anything wrong in the Bible. He could not find anything wrong. He could not prove anything to David Wood, his friend. How do I find something wrong in this? But David Wood is going on finding many things wrong. And we keep telling him, so this man, Nabil said, I need to think about this now. So he began to spend more time in the Word, in God's Word, in the Bible. And what started as a way of, you know, bringing the God of winning an argument or winning a debate, he turned out to become a believer. Now, this is the one of times where nobody preached the gospel to him. Nobody preached to him and said, you believe in Jesus, nothing. All he did was, he read the Bible and he said, I could not find anything wrong. I could not prove him wrong. David Wood, in the end, David Wood baptizes him. What a baptized this man. How genuine friendship established that. It could be with a Hindu, with a Muslim, but people from other faiths established that friendship. Gain their trust.  You're not trying to do that. Gain their trust in a sense that, hey, whatever I do, let me be true to God's Word, true to what I say, right? Three things that we would normally question, that Muslims would normally question. Number one, whether Christ is Lord. That's the number one question. How can God become man? It is blasphemy. It is impossible. You're saying, God became man. So for them, it is too much. They believe Jesus is a prophet. They believe what he is and what the miracles that he did. You know, the Quran itself says he was a prophet, the greatest prophet. The only woman mentioned in the Quran is Mary. The only woman mentioned. So we believe a lot of things, but is Christ God? They will never believe it. It's a question mark for them always. Two, whether he died on the cross. The Muslims believe that when Jesus was on the cross, he may not have died. He may have, you know, recovered from his physical illness and may not have died on the cross. Or it was somebody else who died on the cross, different belief systems. And three is whether he rose from the dead. These are the three main questions. A Muslim will ask. Whether Jesus is God. Two, whether he died on the cross. Three, whether he resurrected from the dead. Now, how can you and I counter these questions? If I am a Muslim, for example, I'm a Muslim. I'm asking, how do you know Jesus died on the cross? What will you say? Anyone would like to share? How do you know Jesus died on the cross? Or how do you know Jesus is God? What can we say? You're saying Jesus is God. Came into this world. Right? How do you know Jesus is God? What is the proof that you have? What can we say? Is it written in the Bible? Okay, but the Bible is not. It's good. It's written in the Bible. But how do you know the Bible is true? Pastor, can I say something? Yes, go ahead. Pastor, Jesus Christ is the only I'm in profit among all the other religions that he died and he was resurrected and he appeared to 500 people. He was after resurrection for 40 days on earth and there is evidence with his apostles, the first people with him. Okay, so basically first hand first hand witnesses, right?  Yes, we can bring out all of this. But what is something that we can always say is number one point. How do you know that Jesus is Lord? Number one, you bring out historical proof, saying there was a man named Jesus and this is historical proof.  As a man, he walked on water. There's historical proof for that. So what you said is written in the Bible. So you got to establish the fact that the Bible is not just somebody's writing. It's history also.  You've seen that in the Old Testament. That's Russia, right? So it's not just a book where, you know, an angel came and said, you're right. No, history is there in this. There's history in this. When you look at Daniel and the Revelation, he talks about Alexander the Great. So there's many, there's history. So you prove first that this Bible is also a historical book, right? As it is a spiritual book. And when you establish that, you're able to bring in this point. That Jesus is God because in, he was a man, but as a man, he also did these things, which nobody has done. Right? Two, whether he died on the cross, again, you've established it, right? History proves it. People, eyewitnesses, as Gertrude said, eyewitnesses have seen it. Romans, Gentiles, Jews, everyone has seen it. History attains to it. And then whether he rose from the dead. So even as you bring this up, right? Bring it out in clarity. Now remember, when you share, there are times you cannot, you know, the reaction from the person who's listening is not under your control. You cannot say you have to believe what I'm saying. No, it's not under your control. They believe or know that's up to them. But you're doing the part of sharing the Gospel with clarity. Right? Let's just look at a few things here. The nature of God. He's a God who is loving, a loving Creator God.  But for the Muslims, he is not a God who is a loving God.  Right? I'll just take a minute. Right? At this minute is sin. For a Muslim, sin can affect only people and not God. For a Christian, sin not only affects the sinner, but it affects our relationship with God. Then there's forgiveness. Now for a Muslim, we know that they go to Hajj.  Again, by works. But here in Christianity, we don't come by works. We come just the way we are and we find forgiveness through the cross. Then we see the fatherhood of God. In Islam, the relationship between God and man is more than that of potentiate and subject between the father and son. So again, the relationship, a father and son relationship. It's not there in Islam, but it's there in Christianity. Paul writes, he says, through his spirit, we call out above father. And finally, the Christian life is a life of faith, a life of a walk of love written by God's word. We be obedient to God's word. And then we are led by the Holy Spirit. But in Islam, it is fatwa, which means it is a list of rules that we must follow, legal opinions and a lot of learned interpretations that you have to follow to attain this place of holiness. Again, you see the contrast between works and God's grace. So we'll stop here and we'll get into the next chapter nine, next class. But what I want you to do is just take time to learn and read about other religions. I'll help you to share the gospel. Thank you so much. Thank you to our online students. I'll see you next class.