How's it going everyone Caleb here with Leighton sports cards next up tonight will pee going with one sports card almanac box Volume number two of the personal's edition box number 15. Thank you. Will a lot We're getting them done You're running like a machine Yeah, I don't think so. Nope, we have not buck will 2020 21 crown Royale basketball Edwards rookie autograph 27 of 49 There you go. That's awesome. Congrats on that. Nice. It will Great start on the ant-man I'm gonna just 99 excuse me tough 49 crown Royale red Rookie on a graph. Hey, there you go. Thanks again. Really do appreciate you getting in will I'm protected up and right out to you


Think of a cattle shoot. Think of having round pen panels on both sides of me. And pretend those round pen panels go straight. And I'm going straight between the panels. If he starts to push on the left panel, what would happen? He'd run into it. Well, that's my reign and leg. He runs into my reign and leg. If he started to veer to the right, he runs into the right panel. Well, that's my right reign and my right leg. Pretend the panels, the shoot, curves left. I want to keep them right in the middle of the panels.  My right side and my left side, I'm setting those parameters.


أنا now standing outside Imam Hussein TV one and two outside the studio I'm going to do a surprise entry now seeing them the all hard at work They work through the night non-stop effort into bringing you the best shows during the month of Ramadan So it is now 1am It is 1am in Karbala They should be at home sleeping but they are working all night to bring you the best quality shows So let's go inside and surprise them and see what they're doing Let's go I'm here now outside the studio We're going to sneak in and take a sneak peek at their work And hopefully we don't ruin their life feed So let's go up and see what they're doing Let's go in As I suspected they're all hard at work Again 1am Hard at work preparing the best shows for you at home They're going to be at it There's some nights there's no sleep during the day they're working Alhamdulillah the team are doing very hard work And we have the man himself right here He is the manager of the English Channel Imam Hussein TV3 So is there something you'd like to say to the viewers at home watching this? السلام عليكم We are here to serve firstly Imam Hussein Insha'Allah the lovers of Imam Hussein at home So all we do is trying to get the satisfaction of the viewers And Imam of our time Thank you very much And there it is There you have it You can see the team working hard And insha'Allah You will see the shows that are coming up throughout the month And hopefully you will join us soon in Karbala Insha'Allah


Good afternoon, you mysterious, sexy, attractive human being. Welcome to the Asperger's Grave YouTube channel. Today we're going to be addressing another one of the episodes of the dating and autistic series. The series for you who are in neurodiverse relationships wanting some advice and wanting some understanding of your autistic partner. Of course, all of the things mentioned in this video would be very key and very important to understand and be aware of if you're an autistic person, but this is going to be primarily focused towards the neurotypicals in this relationship. So, we're going to be talking about ways to keep autistic people in relationships happy.  But you've come along this shining beacon of attractiveness and communication and love and understanding when you are into their life and they are so grateful that you are there and you're grateful for them and everything's lovely and jubbly. But there are some things that perhaps you're maybe not doing to maximise the chance of you attracting the person that you like, an autistic person that you're possibly friends with or you had communications with. You thought, they're a good couch, I want them, they're going to be mine. Or it could be if you're in a relationship and it doesn't seem that they're very involved, it doesn't seem that they're very happy with it and you want to try and put in a little bit more effort in order to get into their world, understand them and make the relationship a whole lot better. We're going to be addressing five different things that you can expect, one of which will be coming after I do my little spiel at the end of the video. So you can look forward to that. But the first one, number one, establish an open dialogue for communication, for emotional communication. One of the things that I've noticed between autistic and neurotypical people, especially in intimate relationships, is that there is a lot more focus on verbal stuff, a lot more focus on direct methods of communication. Now I know it's not always verbal, it could be texting, it could be signing, all those different types of things, but it's all direct communication, it's all words in different forms. And verbal communication of emotions is our primary way of connecting with people, expressing emotions through words and description and basically trying to get into how someone works, how they feel in a certain situation, why they feel that way, what their thoughts on it, what contributors are there to that situation. We like the detail of that put into words. And that's not always the way that neurotypicals work. It tends to be a lot more, what's the word? It tends to be a lot more below the surface, it tends to be a lot of the way that you two interact, the expressions, the body language, the fun, the humour, all of that seems to be very implicit. One of the things that perhaps you may not know is that we are in a constant state, well a lot of us especially if we have anxiety, of not really knowing much about how the relationship's going, how you feel about us. The thing is that due to our difficulties with Kong's event fee, our past experiences with perhaps bullies and people who were really toxic and bad for us, this can lead us to be very unsure of ourselves in relationships. A lot of the time we have that lingering thought over our head that maybe we're missing something, maybe there's something there that we're really not aware of and it's going to have an impact on our relationship. From the autistic side of things, having that open dialogue to communicate and that the safe space and the non-reactivity to voice our opinions and thoughts is a very useful thing to help connect us with other people and validate that we are doing some things right and that you do like us in some way. And that can be a really useful thing for us and make us feel a lot more comfortable, a lot more stable in the relationship. And if you know things about autism, we don't like the unknown. We like to know what we're doing, how to do things, what way to do them. We like to know what's going to happen. The more that you talk about things, the more that you have an idea of what's happening in a relationship. On the neurotypical side of things, it may be that you are wanting that emotional connection. You're not really feeling like they care for you and they're not really thinking about you. You don't really feel like they give you the attention that you need and they don't particularly react in a way that's favourable for you if you were to tell them something important. And you know, there's a lot of factors that come into play with that like alexophymia and cognitive empathy and all of that stuff that I've addressed in, I believe in my neurodiverse video, perhaps a video on alexophymic. Autistic alexophymia rather. And there's a really big key players but the most important thing is to establish that safe environment, that non-reactive environment so that you both can more things over. You can balance off each other and think about aspects of the relationship and also share things that you like about the other person and that you appreciate. It does sound a bit like it's a lot of effort and that you can't have to put yourself through. It's kind of like a cancelling office, like relationship therapist kind of feel to it. But in practice, if you do it consistently, it just becomes a part of your relationship and the more that you maintain it and the more that you keep it consistent, the more likely that you're both going to share things and have that open communication which is also great in any single relationship. More important, autistic, neurotypical relationship. Number two. Evolve their special interests, their sensory stints, their likes and dislikes into date ideas. Yes, of course. So, for example, myself, if you wanted to create the best date header, it would be a combination of getting a massage, that deep pressure sensory stimulation that calms me down for days on end and also a bit of flashing lights so maybe like a disco or a really disco or, you know, somewhere that's maybe not a bustling, loud, horrible club that you have to excessively consume recreational legal highs like alcohol to cope and to stand in their environment. Going off with a bit of a tangent here. Basically, I like bright colourful flashing lights so obviously the disco is going to, a really disco or an ice skating place where they have a disco light is probably going to be very, very attractive to me. So, in context of you and your relationship, do you know what they like sensory-wise? Do you know what they don't like? Do you know what their intense interests are? If so, why are you using them? Why are you incorporating that into things that you do together? I'll all the time it can feel a little bit like it's a, um, like it's a mind field and maybe you haven't even had that conversation. You haven't even talked about it, the things that they do like. Maybe they're not really aware of the sensory differences between autistic and neurotypical individuals and maybe that's something that you need to explore together. But the point is, is that you are going to make us feel a lot more comfortable and happy and euphoric and, you know, just stable in your relationship if you incorporate things that they enjoy, incorporate things that calm them down. You know, if you know that they don't like bustling loud atmospheres, maybe don't take them into an echo chamber of a bar and chat to them there and have dinner there.  That is probably one of the best pieces of advice you can do in terms of having fun together, in terms of exploring and trying new things. Number three! Possibly one of the best tips that I could give you and the most important tip, you need to understand autism. Plain and simple. Just now getting around it. If you want to have the most intimate connection that you can with your partner, you need to understand what autism means. You need to understand possibly the science behind it, why it happens, possibly a bit about the social causes that are going on around it, the social things that are happening, neurodiversity and medical models and social models and all that. But you also need to listen to autistic people, talk about their experience, talk about how they feel. You need to delve into that world a little bit just to understand. You can have all the training in the world working with autistic adults, perhaps more classically classical autistic people in a sort of supported living situation, maybe a care worker, and you can have all the experience in that but actually having an intimate relationship with someone who's autistic is very different to caring for them. It's a lot more intense, it's a lot more confusing. You have a lot of expectations on them and they have a lot of expectations on you and there's a lot of emotions going about there. So it's really important to understand. It may also be that the other person doesn't understand themselves, they maybe haven't delved into it, they may just have got the diagnosis when they're younger, they struggle with these things, it doesn't make them who they are debatable. But that's a mindset that many autistic people do have if they haven't researched further into it and tried to understand themselves more. Having the awareness of these differences is not a bad thing. People say, why put a label? Why make someone different and give them a label? Why else would you give someone a label? If something's different, it doesn't mean that it's bad, it just means it's different. Although you may not have the same experiences of life, you can also talk about it. You can also compare and contrast. You know, I talk a lot about crossed wires or maybe if you understood certain aspects of it it would be a lot more clearer that the path to getting out those crossed wires and getting over it and moving on with your life and sort in your relationship out, you need to untangle those wires, you need to understand them. Going on to your part, M.S., it may also be that you really don't understand what being a neurotypical is like. Maybe you need to research into psychology, maybe you need to listen to people who are talking about relationships and feelings and intimacy and psychology.  There's so many great creators out there who are doctors, who are relationship specialists and I'm sure if you just give it a chance you'd be able to learn a lot more about yourself, how you work in relationships and also how to, you know, to best express those needs that you have, those feelings that you have in words, you know, with the verbal communication style. It's going to help a lot, a lot, if you understand where you're coming from and you understand a little bit more about where they're coming from as well. It makes finding that middle ground of understanding a lot easier. So, there's going to everybody's favourite topic to talk about, my favourite topic to talk about. That's sarcasm, by the way. Talking about intimacy, yes, the whole thing that people do together which is very strange and animalistic but important to a long healthy relationship. You may find in your relationship with an autistic person they are either very, very under stimulated all the time and they don't really want to engage intimately or you may find that they're completely the opposite and they want it all the time, whenever they can and they just keep pushing for it all the time. You may find yourself in one of these two situations. Obviously not everyone's like that but just what I've heard from my friends and what I've experienced, it seems to be that way. Under turned on all the time or over turned on all the time. As I said in one of the previous points differing sensory systems is very common in autistic people. That's not just in general. That can be situational. It's important to know what types of sensory stimulation your partner does and doesn't like. Perhaps a more tame example would be light pressure versus deep pressure. I find deep pressure highly, highly relaxing whereas the small touchy unwarranted just sort of brushing sensations of light pressure it just irks me. I don't like it at all. So if you were to go into having an intimate relationship if you're going to be intimate in an instance where you didn't know about that stuff there's going to be a lot of things that you're doing that they don't like. This may be just an issue of communication around intimacy. I think most relationships could do a bit of talking around it looking at their dislikes and likes. If you were to generally do stuff on a constant basis that they don't like and they don't feel comfortable talking about it then that's going to be a part of the relationship for a long time and they're not going to want it as much. So just having that conversation about what they like and what they don't like and trying to incorporate and try different things together the whole exploring as a couple is quite important to building that sense of trust. So yes, knowing the likes and dislikes, very important also you need to let them know what you like and dislike just as a reciprocal thing as with all of these points but it's also I think it's quite important to realise the importance of low anxiety and comfort and being relaxed for physical intimacy if someone's anxious, if someone doesn't feel comfortable then probably not going to be that open to being intimate. In some of my past videos I've suggested things like giving a massage perhaps doing some exercise, anything that reduces anxiety and makes them feel more comfortable is going to help with being more intimate on a more regular basis. It may require a bit more effort from you to make them feel fully comfortable and fully into it and fully intimate but it's going to work if you put that effort in and if that's something that you want from that long term neurodiverse relationship then you kind of need to put the effort in. They need to put the effort in of course to understand themselves a bit better what they like it may not have ever thought about it setting that environment right and getting the right build up to it is just as important as the actual acts it can't just be something that you expect and that you like we need to do this or why haven't you done this we haven't done it in such a long time that's the best way to close someone off to enjoying that situation because they're going to feel a lot of expectation and things like intimacy it takes a while to learn what someone likes it takes a while to learn how to do things right and if you have all that expectation on yourself it's not going to make the experience enjoyable but yes, intimacy, safe comfort talking about it very important for all relationships specifically for autistic neurotypical relationships so that covers the four points that I was going to give you but don't worry there is another one firing its way on the way it's on the train right now I'm just getting a telephone call next topic coming very soon maybe in a couple of minutes I hear this lovely image that I have in the background that keeps coming up off and on now in a game while I'm recording which is very annoying you can see a picture of me acting fairly provocatively you can expect lots of pictures like this when I should know this is a very... I don't know why I've got this one up to be honest I don't feel that comfortable with it if you want to stay up to date with my life the kind of work that I'm doing I do a lot of work that doesn't really get put on YouTube doesn't really get put on my podcasting for Teotie a lot of the stuff that I'm doing at the moment is working with other people on their podcasts on their videos on public speaks speeches I'm trying to learn presentation skills to try and deliver training to workplaces and there's a lot going on behind the scenes and not all of that is accurately fully expressed in my YouTube videos because it does take me a long time to get around to recording them and editing them and putting them out and doing all the social media stuff around them and all that jazz if you want to stay more up to date my social medias are the place to go a lot of good content on that similar to this video I'm doing today there is going to be a post that's coming out which is the written form of it so if you want to go check that out and if you want to get in contact with me you can find my contact stuff on my website thomashenley.co.uk so there's a lot of exciting things that are coming down the line strong and fast and intimate click that join button click the subscribe and the like and all that jazz the thing that every single YouTuber asks you to do and it's very annoying I find it annoying but once you subscribe I'm going to to like I'm going to it's not swayed by what you're saying but there is some research behind it so I'm just going to chuck it in anyway so the last point oh where the ends Tom you bloody hate these god damn speeches that you do these rants about your social media and your website just get into the point there is no getting away from it those auties tend to be a bit deficient inherently deficient just from birth in social ability in emotional ability you know obviously we can work on them over time and if there's skills and you can flex them and you can even get better than most neurotypical people if you try hard enough but inherently our baseline it is a difficulty and I've seen a lot of a lot of cases where people sort of report feelings of infantilization and report feelings of that sort of carer carer autistic person dynamic that is not good I think that anything that you do for someone anything that you you know plan on doing consistently over a long time or just in the moment it's always good to have a conversation about it or at least some acknowledgement at least some do you want me to do this for you the thing is that we tend to be a lot slower with things and we also tend to be pretty anxious when it comes to socializing even though we want it and even though it will help our mental health specifically for me I'm fairly extroverted as crazy as that may sound being an autistic person I'm about 50-50 the way to really help them is to encourage them to develop that side of them I'm not talking about forcing them to making them feel bad about not doing it I'm talking about offering support and encouragement if they say that they're going to join a club you should encourage them to do it definitely you should try anywhere that you can to help them do that and you should also keep an open dialogue about things that they find hard or ways to notice if you're finding a situation hard specifically in a social group setting just having those little extra bits of support just that little awareness that maybe they may find this harder than most people would very important, lovely thing that you can find as an autistic person in a partner so when he understands that yes you are an independent person and you deserve the respect but you also struggle in these areas and if it's something that you want the autistic person wants then you can help them and it's definitely going to intensify the relationship that you have in a good way of course make you feel more connected more one more supportive of each other and you know maybe the things that you struggle with that they find pretty easy and pretty straightforward even around social situations in hindsight and analyzing in you telling them about your experiences there's a lot of ways that you can have that very reciprocal relationship and also support each other in the process so I'll let you go now thank you very much for tuning in to another dating and autistic episode I really hope you've enjoyed it and I'll see you in another episode very very soon take care


Depending on what persona you chose, you witness different barriers or open doors when they try to access information. So what we can gather from these various experiences is that you have limited access to information. For example, you do not have access to a university library. When searching for information, remember that not every resource you find will be openly accessible, even when using Google Scholar, for finding research articles. Then can cost money. Also, use government websites which are freely available as a trusted source of information for things like census data or guidelines from small business development centers. You can target open access scholarship or use your public library or interlibrary loan to gain access to scholarship that costs money. Always, no matter your access to information, remember when you are searching for information to be selective about the words you use to search, either in Google, Google Scholar, or a subscription database, gather and read multiple perspectives or sources to get a fuller picture of your topic. As we have seen, the public library usually offers its own databases and reference sources that include journals and magazines. What else is at the public library that we can use? Use books and e-books, health books, parenting books, databases, general business, health, internet access, spaces to sit, events to attend, interlibrary loan, librarians. Look for all these things and more. Ask for what you don't find. You may be surprised. Careful use of internet sources will help you make better decisions. What does careful mean? We recommend the SIFT method, stop, investigate, find, and trace. Stop is to develop the habit of pausing when you come upon information, memes, tweets, or posts. Stop reacting, immediate share, retweet, check your emotions. Give yourself a minute to think. Investigate the source. Dig into who wrote this, where, and when. Can you trust these people? Find better coverage. Back up to Google and run a couple searches looking for sources you know to be trustworthy. What do they say about this? Cross-check your facts. Trace means to trace claims to the original context. Click through the story and search out its claims. Is X really impacted by Y? Is that person really the head of that agency? Does that study really exist? Do the internal facts hold? Evaluation is important. See the links on the left panel for places you can go to learn more. Much like internet resources, we can use elements of SIFT to investigate academic journal articles too. Stop. Stop long enough to see if the article is really about your topic. Investigate the source. Who wrote the article? Do they have some expertise? And is the journal peer-reviewed? Find coverage. Do other articles agree with the conclusions in your article? Seek other articles or resources to ensure you are getting the full story. Trace claims. Look at the reference and explore them. Explore the data and methodology of the article to make sure it is transparent and logical. We have reached the end of this tutorial. We have discovered there are different levels of information need. We have seen examples of information barriers. We have seen lots of examples of places to go to find reliable information. And we have explored how to evaluate information through the SIFT method. On the following slides, you will find our references. Please continue through to the last slide to download your certificate of completion if needed. Congrats!


The executive body of the World Health Organization has passed a resolution on the situation in Gaza. What were the debates around the resolution? A UN peacekeeping force is leaving Mali after 10 years. Why did this force become so unpopular? This is the Daily Debrief. These are your stories for the day. And before we go any further, if you're watching this on YouTube, please hit the subscribe button. The executive body of the World Health Organization adopted a resolution on the health conditions in the occupied Palestinian territories. This was during a rare special session. Now the final resolution calls for the immediate, sustained and unimpeded passage of humanitarian relief, including access of medical personnel to Gaza. Now the debates around this resolution were in many ways a mirror of similar debates in various global fora, countries of the global north, different in Israel, while countries of the global south called for a ceasefire. We go to Anna to understand the debates around the issue. Anna, thank you so much for joining us. Various agencies of the UN have been in the forefront of pointing out the humanitarian disaster, the extent to which this Israeli genocidal attack is damaging, is destroying every aspect of life in Gaza, and for that matter even in the West Bank. So could you maybe take us through what the discussions at the Executive Board of the World Health Organization were like? Well, it was a rare occasion if we can say that. So the Executive Board is not so keen on meeting at special sessions. And now what happened here was that a number of member states as well as the director general of the WHO were quite vocal in the past weeks about the necessity of a ceasefire in order to get enough medical supplies in order to restore some sort of health system in the Gaza Strip. And essentially what they managed to do is to push for this special session to discuss on the humanitarian situation in Gaza and then there to propose a resolution that would address some of the aspects that they knew were most problematic from the point of view of health. So on the one hand, you had the technical discussions. Of course, there is a technical introduction given by the appropriate WHO program, which is based on what they're observing on the ground, because we know that the WHO teams are there with the other UN agencies. They are working together with other Palestinian organizations in order to ensure that some kind of health care can be provided in the hospitals and in the primary health centers that remain in Gaza. Now, of course, we also know that the number of those hospitals, the number of those health centers is declining by the day as the team of health emergencies reported there. There were only three hospitals in the south of Gaza on Sunday, which were able to deliver surgical care, which of course, we don't have to point it out here, is that it's essential, it's crucial at moments like these. So again, the WHO teams, the WHO secretariat makes a point of raising what the occupation of Palestine, what the war on health in Palestine means for the health workers, what it means for the health infrastructure in Palestine in all the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as for the people who are now dislocated, they are living in overcrowded shelters. They're more and more exposed to epidemics, to outbreaks of infectious disease. So again, this kind of the technical part of the meeting, it reassess what WHO has been saying all along that if it continues like this, we can hope only for a worse situation to appear when it comes to public health. Now on the political side, what's interesting is that many of the members inside WHO have been calling for a ceasefire, especially those in the region. On the other hand, we have the member states like the US, we have member states like the European Union who have been calling for something very different. So what was the biggest success of this meeting essentially was that the executive board meeting was concluded by consensus. So there was no voting on the resolution which was put in place afterwards. All the AB members agreed that it was necessary to call for unimpeded flow of humanitarian aid into Gaza, although many of them of course made a point that they did not agree with the final language and were agreeing to this only in the interest of supporting something that all member states could stand behind. And an interesting point you mentioned at the end, in the name of of course compromise, there are both sides in various ways. But let's look at the side you talked about which is the US and its allies and we know what they have sort of across the world in various fora been the narrative they've been pushing, the excuses they've been giving. In the context of the World Health Organization, EB, what was the argument that the representatives of countries supporting Israel were giving? Well, again, it was not much news there. So it's always the same argument that the countries from the global north repeat when this is concerned. So of course, there were representatives from Palestine and from Israel in the room speaking. And what was interesting to hear, although not surprising again, is that the US and Israel representatives put forward very similar arguments. There was a lot of talk about human rights. There was a lot of talk about 75 years of the UN Charter on Human Rights. There was also a lot of calling out people in the room for not respecting the current human rights framework because they were speaking against Israel. But then on the other hand, there were quite a few moments at the meeting because if we look at the UN meetings, the language is very boring. It kind of drains all content out and all interest out. But then there are those moments where representatives say things from where we as people who are devoted to human rights stand should never be said. And so one of those moments I think was when the US representative, sorry, said, repeating what the Israeli delegation was arguing before is that a ceasefire would not only be unrealistic at this point, it would also be harmful. It would also be counterproductive. Essentially, after hearing all the reports coming from the representatives of the members of the WHO who were exposed directly to US-led wars, hearing something like that coming from a number of delegations, it made quite an impact because it essentially shows how much the perception of the US in international spaces like the WHO is disconnected from what we are observing on the ground. Rana finally could also maybe take us a bit through what the latest reports are saying regarding the health conditions in Gaza. You of course mentioned the lack of hospitals, but what is the other information that we have? Well, just yesterday there was a new statement released by the Palestinian Medical Relief Society, which again, all the reports including this one, they tend to repeat what has been reported on health for the past weeks with the very important difference that things tend to get worse and worse. So now what the Palestinian Medical Relief Society is saying is that of course, bad occupancy rates at hospitals, including in intensive care units, are way off charts. So they're close to 300% in all hospitals that are operating right now. The health workers, they have not had a break since the attacks began at the beginning of October. They're tired. They're working without supplies. They are working with patients who require quite specific care without being able to provide them with anything. So essentially, now one of the most pressing concerns of course is also addressing the living conditions of people who have been displaced, who are now living in UN schools, who have taken shelter in hospitals because we do know that the incidence, so the number of cases of people with infectious diseases is rising. That's also something that the WHO has been warning about is that in addition to people having increased cases of diarrhea, of respiratory infections, now we're also talking, for all of this time, we have also been talking about populations like pregnant women, like children who essentially have no way to access the care that they need. Right, thank you so much for that update. We'll come back to you in the coming days as well. The UN multidimensional integrated stabilization mission in Mali or Minusma is leaving the country after 10 years. This comes after Mali's government demanded that the forces leave in June. The mission which numbers around 14,000 was initially welcomed as people believed they could fight rebels who were wreaking havoc in the country. However, 10 years later, their stock is pretty low and there was widespread support for the government's decision to ask them to leave. We go to Abdul for the details. Abdul, thank you so much for joining us. Mali has been at the center of many geopolitical developments over the past few years and has played an important role even after the Niger coup which took place in recent times. So the role of the UN forces was something that was very closely watched across the world. So now the UN forces are officially leaving. So could you maybe give us some context as to why these forces were there and what led to the leaving? Ever since the war broke out in Livia following the NATO intervention in 2011, there had been a different, there had been a regional repercussion for that war. A large number of militias emerged which basically spread all across the region and Mali was one of, since it shares the border, it was one of the victims of you can say the war of the war in Libya. So ever since that war, a kind of separatist movement basically emerged within Mali, of course backed by the weapons and the fighters coming from through Libya. And basically after that the then government in Mali basically appealed the United Nations for interventions in the way that a peacekeeping force was required and then peacekeeping force was deployed at that time. Ever since then, though despite the fact that there were thousands of peacekeeping forces called Minisma were there in the Mali, but the objective of peace of course did not materialize. The violence continued finally in 2015 and the government had to sign an agreement with the forces, what in generally called the separatist forces in Algeria. And since then there was an increasing demand that these international forces, all the international forces including the French troops which were also there for from the same time onwards, which should withdraw because their presence leads to different kinds of problem, particularly the killing of innocents become an issue and therefore they should leave. So in June after a military coup, when the new government came to power in mid, sorry in 2021, and in June this year basically they demanded that the UN forces should withdraw after of course asking the French to withdraw from the country. So French troops have already left the country and now the UN troops are leaving though officially the mission ended on Monday. Of course there are few more troops and few more stations left which of course are not official anymore and that they will be dismantled in coming days. So this is the context in which the UN forces were deployed and the reason behind their leaving is the current government in Mali does not think that presents any beneficial for the people of Mali and there is a growing strong sentiment against the presence of any foreign troops in the country. Well, Abulul, in fact seeing a similar situation taking place in the Congo which is not very far away and very far away in Haiti there's a lot of opposition to the possibility of a UN force. So UN forces I think in many parts of the world are seen with considerable amount of skepticism especially considering that their goal is supposed to somehow be peacekeeping and stuff like that and it does not seem to have worked out. But how do you see this also in the context of the geopolitical developments that are taking place in the region? We know there is a closer integration of countries in that part. Well, ever since the incident of what we generally call the coups in Niger earlier this year which led to a kind of emergence of a coalition between Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and some of course some other countries backed it. Basically this should be seen in the context of their historical experiences with the first the colonial powers intervening in their internal matters and exploiting their resources and of course deploying forces to basically claim legitimacy in the name of fighting terrorism or fighting quote-unquote separatist militias. Sometimes they also claim that this reason the presence of foreign troops are required primarily to kind of protect the people in these in these reasons from the extremist global terrorist organizations like Al Qaeda and so and so forth. Of course these arguments have been the people in these reasons have seen the bogus you can say emptiness of these arguments because these troops have done nothing more than kind of sustaining the colonial occupation in the region and that realization has led to emergence of a strong popular sentiment in the region against all kinds of foreign external prisons primarily the presence of ex-colonial powers though the Minusma forces are were not made of the French troops of course but because of the French troops presence of the French troops and because of the press their historical the legacy with which they had been there in the reason has basically led to kind of some kind of you can say skepticism about the even forces as well and that basically should be seen in the larger context of their colonial experiences. So yeah the emergence of the the new set of rulers come emergence of the new set of rulers in these reason there are understanding of the colonial past and and basically has led to a much more closer cooperation among them and that cooperation is primarily anti-colonial one should remember and when we say anti-colonial of course both political as well as economic aspects of it should be should be remembered and and therefore one should not be looking at what is happening to the even forces as a something as a as a you can say the the short-sightedness of these of the these ruling establishment because there is an argument that the withdrawal of the troops may lead to further violence in the reason but they are ready to deal with that violence domestically they are ready to basically start negotiations with the what asked hitherto separatist groups but they are not ready to compromise with the presence of the colonial powers in the region and that is the clear politics which has emerged in last few years particularly since the the coming power of the new set of rulers in in the region. President Abdullah also I think important to note that these ruling establishments especially the military governments are very strongly backed it would seem by a mass public support as well. Exactly exactly a very strong public support in fact the in Mali just to say just to give an example there was a referendum in June which basically more than 70% 80% people voted in favor of the current establishment and their plans to kind of transit from the military rule to the popular popular rule with their anti-colonial policies complete adherence to their anti-colonial policies so one should not see it as something the rulers are only military people from the military establishment they have a strong popular backing which has been reflected in the large scale of mobilization in support of them as well as the institutional measures they have taken for example their elections and the friendams whenever they have initiated a huge enthusiasm has been shown by the people in those measures. Well thank you so much for joining us that's all we have in this episode of daily debrief we'll be back for another episode tomorrow in the meantime do visit our website peoplesdispatch.org and follow us on all the social media platforms.


And this week on the Gaelic Games front, the respective championships were made for the four provinces and to take a look at those in particular, what is happening in Ulster and what we have to look forward to in Ulster. We've got G.A. Pondits, former Donny Gull, star forward, a man that's represented Ireland, of course, in the international rule scene as well. Mr Brandon De Venny, welcome back to Highland Radio. Good man, Oshing. I thought you were going to start me. I was respected there, I was trying to bottom me up already. I'm surprised you're not doing this outside, Brandon, because you're a man that likes the sun and with the sun shining today. I thought you meant to be sitting out in the garden. Those sunbeds at the moment, of course, are you, so you have to go the natural way. Well, listen, Brandon, it's all about championship this week and we now know that Donny Gull will be taken on down and they are in the preliminary round. No doubt they're in the tougher side of the tougher half of the draw for Ulster this coming summer. So first of all, what do you make of it, Donny Gull? Yeah, actually, as we know, in Ulster, you know, no one's taken for granted very much as we seen go down to the Ulster final last year when a team like Kevin, who somehow made it to the final and were such outside odds to even give Donny Gull a game, come through and won the game, wanted to kind of convince him on the day. So, you know, Declan Borough, listen, actually, he wouldn't have wanted the preliminary round. Nobody does, particularly with a crammed season coming up. You know, all the National League games, first and foremost, staying in Division One is always the first port of call and then going to the championship in good form. But because Ulster is the way it is, you can do without, you know, starting early. Now, Declan Borough, of course, will never be using it as an excuse and will take on the challenge. But Paddy Telly and Donny, you know, after he served as wee ban there for training when he shouldn't have been, they'll come in and relish a shot at Donny Gull and we've seen some of their play last year, actually, particularly in that Kevin game, when they were nine points out, nine points up in the match, only for an amazing comeback by Kevin. It should have been down. It was going into Ulster's final. So, you know, that's a spicy opening. And if we get over that, of course, you have our former boss, Rory Gallagher, coming back with his 15 behind the ball, man, to try and take Donny Gull. And so there's lots of interest in there, I suppose, Kevin themselves with probably the worst draw, I think they could have wished for a way to Taroan and Taroan with new management in that. So, a lot of interest and stuff across the Provinciation, but certainly Ulster is the only show in town, really, outside of an odd game in Connacht, you know, the Ulster Championship is the only provincial to look at. Yeah. Donny Gull now going on to the league in the middle of May against Taroan, Monaghan and Arma. If you actually get to that league final, there's not much time to prep for Ulster after that, because I think there's only a couple of weeks difference in it, Brendan. So, if Donny Gull are to be successful in the league and go to Championship, the games are going to be coming thick and fast. Is that what you want or would you prefer less than secure your top flight status? Don't worry about one in a league and then fully focus on this trip to Nuree, which could turn out to be a difficult and tricky one, Brendan. Yeah, exactly. Again, you know, should it happen that Donny Gull end up there, you know, they can always take the positives out of that, but certainly it's not something we need. And it's not something, I think, that could impact Donny Gull necessarily in Ulster, but were we to go on a run through Ulster? It's as the Championship wears on that the other teams that have been able to hold back and really plan, you know, against a couple of matches or maybe a tricky game if you're in, if you're in Monster or, I mean, let's be honest, the Dubs will just roll over everybody with their B or C team in Leinster. So for Donny Gull, that starting point is certainly wouldn't want to incur a league final. And like a lot of teams in Division One, I think the status is very important. One that now isn't, and it's just about trying to balance that rest and then open it for the Championship. And we saw that a little time. That's that's difficult. And that's why the Ulster can under them. I mean, it's a great Championship. We all love it. Everybody wants to want it. But it certainly does, I think, handicap teams, particularly a team that'll have to go through the preliminary round, like we will have to. Yeah. As for Theron, a new management, of course, there, under Fergalogan and Brian Doohar. A victory against Kevin would be some way to stamp your authority on your management of your own county when you de-throwing the defending champions in the opening round. Yeah, I think any of us that's watching football around Ulster and club football and the whole tie-in in the top counties, there's no doubt for me Theron have the most talented squad in Ulster. You know, I think if you looked at Oskun and that Ulster final last year, for example, with three half forwards in our defense, you know, and, you know, light enough made up ones at that, you look at the power and the strength of Theron and the players that they've got their availability. McShane coming back this year as well.  I think from the Theron's respect of talking to people in there, Oskun, all on the phone, customers in that. Now, of course, Peter Canavan was part of that great trio that along with Theron Logan that had that success at under 21 level. He opted not to go on the think. That's probably taken a wee bit maybe the star quality away from it. I know everybody wanted Canavan involved. There's talk of maybe because his son was planning that he didn't want to be influencing anything. But that certainly is something to him. People would have wanted. But that said, Fergal Logan, you know, what a servant he's been to GA and Theron.  You know, we thought for years, Oskun Hart's tactics and his overall look at things seem to be holding Theron back a small bit. You know, it was just too negative and too defensive for the talent that they have in it. I can see this year, Theron opening up and they're definitely going to be a much more dangerous prospect for me getting this championship. And I think as a Theron fan, after all the years of heart, even though it was so brilliant years on their ocean, there was a lot of question marks, particularly as last five, six, seven years. So I think that breath of fresh air, I'll do Theron for all the world of good on the back of what was an unbelievable club championship for them. More pressure and cabin this year, sense of the holders, defended champions. Can they, can they pull it off again? Can they?  I think the balls of Kevin from last year, I don't think Kevin people that are taller are, I would have put this, they're not that as worried that that championship came so out of the blue. Number 40, of course, in that amazing history they have, they were sitting on 39 since 97 ocean and no one could see a cabin championship just coming anytime soon. They were, one of those teams was just outside the brackets. You could never see them getting across the line. So it was amazing what happened. So I think the, the, the, the, the world, the good world that they've created in the county from last year is still hanging on there. And I think most cabin people are not beginning this championship expecting to beat Theron and they'll just be glad that they finally got that 40 mark. And hopefully they can be building on that. I can't see them now surviving Theron that first game, but certainly they could go on and on the back door. Yeah. So then Dunnegal, Derry, Theron, Kevin, not forgetting down as well, Brendan. They're all in one side of the draw, which looks difficult enough. I'm sure Banty will be quite happy. Monahan on the other side, Arma, Anthrum and Fermanita to contend with. I did say earlier, maybe it's the easier side of the draw, but Arma, of course, if they can find some form, they could give Monahan trouble for Manna and Anthrum in there as well. Would Banty be happy that he's avoided the likes of Dunnegal and Theron? I would say so. As you know, you know, the Banty, again, he, he came on the wrath of, of, of the training, getting caught out to training when we were supposed to. So I don't think that'll affect Monahan any. Monahan seemed to be at the minute in a funny place. Oshin, they just about survived in Division One last year, you know, per in the championship, going out to their neighbor's cabin and it just didn't seem to happen for them. So I think that this is a big year for Monahan. On Earth, the new players are huge. Oshin, they've been working off the same core of players this last, you know, 70, 10 years, and the replacements don't seem to have come in. So I think for the Banty this year, on Earth, and some new talent is huge. And just looking at the throne influence around the, the, the province and on that side of the draw, they ended up, again, obviously, taking over Antrim and, and Rycey with Firmana. So, you know, that's going to add a bit of spice to that as well. And we all know when they was, was, was a, was a constant contributor there to the DL debate last year in it. And I know when they're quite well, very studious. You know, he's managed various club teams around also in that. So big move going into County Manager, Firmana, Antrim, of course, right down Division Four. The only way is up really for them, Oshin. That's work in progress for him. But our MA, a huge year for our MA, and the Division More one, four, four Ulster teams in Division One, Oshin, which again, come back to where we're talking with Ernie, you know, the other provinces, that's just not going to happen through on, you know, Donegal, Monahan, and our MA all in Division One. And of course, the way Donegal our MA dismantled our MA in last year's semifinal really, I think, knocked McGeaney and his squad back, you know, and probably give us a false sense going into the Ulster final, come back to that old cliche, don't, don't, don't base the team in this last performance. Because I think that day, whatever our MA's tactics or whatever their plan was, was, was obliterated in the first half. So for McGeaney going into this, this year, again, it's very different for, for our MA looking into the championship then, because if they take a pace in the, in the, in the Division and think that they can't hack it, it's going to knock their confidence, which is already going to be knocked after that defeat they took in Brethne at our hands. So I think for them going on, they'll just be thinking league now, try and win their home games, try and stay in Division One and consolidate because it's taking them some time to get back, Oshin. I still don't see them after what we've seen last year, being that force that's, that's ready to topple the likes of a, a, a Monaghan, a Tarón or, or a Dunigal. But so I think their, their status really and their, their game plan this year would be to stay in Division One first and foremost. Who's going to win Ulster, Brandon? I know we're a long way out from it and we haven't seen any football yet, but, but the draw done and we have to, we have to ask you, who do you think is going to be the owners of the Anglo-Selt? Can Dunigal regain it? Are Tarón going to get it under new management or haven't going to be the boys that's celebrating in blue again? That's not a calving top by the way you're wearing, is it? No, no, it's a wee freebie, so please let me out, Oshin. It's getting too tight for me in the lockdown now, it's not because I'm working out there, but not on the beef. Oshin, do you know what? You'd have to say Tarón are favourites, and I'll, I'll simply because of McShana, McKenna and McShane. Those two guys are back in fire and we've seen the ability of McKenna last year in pieces, Oshin. The two guys are nearly unmarkable. Now, to, to close down one of them in any given game, you're doing well. The fact that Tarón are going to, both of them players at disposal, they're going to get a lift off the new management, but can in there as any team would after, after such a long period of Mickey Hart, the two, the two lads are well respected. I think Tarón are the dangerous side. And for Donny Gawal, Oshin, the story is with Donny Gawal is if we have our, our, our best 15 foot, we can beat anybody. And I think we can have the number over Tarón. Should we pick up a few injuries you think of particularly likes of, like a Stephen McMeneman last year getting injured. And it was the same, we went into that, that Ulster final with three half backs in the defence in that, that Tarón forward line would, would, would do some damage against Donny Gawal. Unless we have all our main men in there and our injury free, we can give anybody a game. That's why you would have to say Oshin squad on squad, Tarón good on this, this year also challenge would be the favourites. Okay, then Brandon will quickly move out of Ulster and into Lensster. Listen, we know Dublin, they're going for, for yet another All-Ireland. They'll start the quarterfinals. You would expect them to win an 11th Lensster title in a row. But the game we're going to focus on and the one that has interest, of course, from the region up here of North involves Mickey Hart. Louth against Offley will be a lot of eyes on that tie to see what Mickey Hart's going to do with the Louth boys this championship. Yeah, I should, I mean, Lensster, listen, we called the Dublin Championship really. I mean, we're close to calling All-Ireland that such as the domination. So I think whenever this draw comes out for Lensster, it's all about where we're doubling on it and where can we avoid them to teams that are on the opposite side, make it the final end. That is the best you can hope for. And for Mickey Hart, such a different scenario. Washington, you know, he came through there with underage, one in All-Ireland teams at Tarone, took a Tarone team that already was a top flight team, brought through the raft of the umphalus and really changed the game in many ways.  This is a very different scenario. You know, Louth division four, you know, getting against the off-lead, the winners play Kildare. So for him, I think the big push again is going back to get out of division four, hopefully beat off-lead. Would they have enough to beat Kildare? I very much doubt it. So it's work in progress. And again, going back to the Taltman Cup, and looking at the second-year competition when it is in place, hopefully by next season, that surely a team like Louth and Mickey Hart would love the one championship silverware, a second-year competition. That has to be the aim of sides like that. So for Hart, the only way is up. It's a bit like Andy McKimley. And again, the Tarone umphalus ocean is all over. The two lads will be locking horns in the National Football League. Yep. It's upper-area monster champions. And they've been drawn in the side with Claire and Kerry. They beat Cork, of course, last year in the final, to win that title, surprisingly. It's something similar to what happened in Ulster. Can Tipperary overcome the Kingdom and then possibly beat the likes of Cork again to claim the monster title? It's going to be harder for them to do this year. Definitely. I mean, it's a bit like the cavern scenario. Oh, she's lightning and striking. I just no one's seen that. The crazy thing is that the top and cavern are going to be monster and Ulster holders playing in division three this year. I would wonder, has that ever happened before? And particularly, it might have happened years ago when teams weren't that worried about the league or some kind of freak season. But the way things are now, we thought that the bigger teams, the better squads in the country. Because of tactics and the systematic play of football, the lower teams could never jump over it. You know, they might want an odd game, but to want to prevent some title, we thought that nearly couldn't happen anymore.  And in the same year, Tup won it as well. So I can't say that happened. I think Peter Keane, well, you know, he was caught by that sucker points at goal against Cork last year. You know, if everybody was looking at Cork, then we're finally going to want a monster and Tup came and took them out. So it was great for football, I think, gosh, and it gives a lot of teams aspirations. And just looking at Cork, gosh, and they have to play the winners of Limerick or Waterford to be in a monster final. And like knocking back the Ulster thing, you know, we're not complaining about this, we have a brilliant championship. But just as the season goes on, there's Cork, you know, let's say they were making designs on later in the season, they can wait until the winners of Waterford and Limerick, then they have a monster final. If they get over that, it's such a different way to plan your season. Well, Cork want to win in all Ireland. They can win the provincial in two games. And then to make the final, they have to play in other two games. But you weigh that up with Donny Gull.  And then another two then before they get to an All-Ireland final. So yeah, well, the only county that it happens in, Brendan, that have such a tough route to get to, to an All-Ireland disposal and Ulster club wins it. When they do win the San McGuire, it's seen, some would say it has possibly been a bigger achievement than the rest of the counties in the country. Yeah, yeah. And it goes back to that thing, actually, about the Spandan provincials and that, you know, it's not one of those things that anyone in Ulster wants to see. But if you're looking at potential All-Ireland contenders, that's certainly, as you say, is mixing so much more difficult. Finally, we'll go to Connacht. What did you make of it? Mayo against Slago, and then Lytrum, if they get through it, while Gullway to make the final are going to play Ross Common in a battle of former champions. Yeah, well, the draw itself created a small bit of controversy.  What are you suggesting, Brendan? Nothing, it was just, it might have slipped out of his hand, but it was funny because I think in lockdown at the minute, between conspiracy theories and like a GA story, this seemed to be big news. But I was just wondering who exactly this is all helping, you know, because at the end of the day, we have, you know, the two Connacht Division One teams are playing each other, and that's the only Division One, all Division One class to get us going, and that should be spicy as well. You know, people are looking at Mayo again, we keep wondering what the Mayo conundrum, people saying they're the only side that maybe can put it up to Dublin all the time. So we keep wondering where they are, and they keep coming back as well, so Connacht's been the other championship outside of her own, where there's been a small bit of entry because you have basically three sides that can win it, so it does create a bit of interest to Auschwitz, so certainly say Galway and Ross Common, that's probably the highlight I think most people would think of the first rounds, and you know, I think going to go down is a potential to be a cracking game as well. Okay, so Brendan, thanks for joining us, and of course to the championship, which is due to start at the end of June, but we've got the league action up and running in the middle of May before we get as far as the provincial championships and silverware up for grab. Sorry, cheers Brendan. See you all the best.


It's part of a larger question, when economic growth takes place, what happens to poverty and inequality, and what are the mechanisms for transmitting economic growth if it takes place to improving people's conditions? So there has to be some sort of channel open for people to be able to benefit from growth. The starting point for our research is the employment channel and the starting point for studying the employment channel is Latin America because of the availability of excellent data. Because development economics, first and foremost, is about improving people's economic well-being. And since most people derive most, if not all, of their income from the work they do, it's essential to see what determines employment opportunities and the rewards to employment. Nearly everybody's working, but how much they earn for the work they do. The inequality has been falling. That hasn't been our focal point, though. The focal point has been that poverty has been falling, absolute poverty, and that people's returns from the work they do. More people are employed. They're employed in better job categories. They earn more for the work they do. And this is true not only in total, but disaggregated men and women, youth and adults, different sectors of the economy, so on and so forth, for the 16 countries in Latin America for which we have data, and we've been able to do this research.


In this session, we are going to look at complex emergencies, a major form of public health disasters in the eastern Africa region. Let us start by looking at this scenario. A certain district Y has been affected by a 10-year conflict in which over 200,000 people have been internally displaced and they live in camps. They cannot return to their homes for fear of the rebels. The living conditions and health status of people in these camps is very poor. This is an example of a complex emergency. What then is a complex emergency? A complex emergency is a deep social crisis in which large numbers of people die from war, displacement and hunger, owing to man-made disasters. This is a definition by Klugman. It is also defined as a humanitarian crisis with a breakdown in authority due to internal or external conflicts that requires international response. This definition is by the UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, OSHA. Characteristics of a complex emergency include violence and massive displacement of people, administrative economic and political collapse. It is long lasting and widespread. That means it affects a large number of people. This is usually exploitation and worsening of existing differences in civil society, like economic differences, social differences, political differences, religious differences and others. There is often dispute over legitimacy of authority, usually between government and other formal or informal groups like rebels, insurgents, etc. Vulnerable population is at greatest risk. Large-scale humanitarian assistance is often needed. It is usually hindrance of assistance by political or military forces, meaning that some groups that have power may prevent others from receiving assistance. Complex emergencies are usually political. They often result in catastrophic public health problems. Complex emergencies often include wars and civil strife, armed aggression, insurgency and other actions resulting in displaced persons and refugees. They usually have a political undertone. Can you name some in your region? Look at these pictures and try to understand some of the effects of complex emergencies. There are greater interventions in refugee or mass displacement of people situations. There is need for a rapid needs assessment. There is need to provide water and sanitation to affected people. There is need to provide food and nutrition to affected people. Need to provide shelter and site planning, health care, control of communicable diseases and coordination of the humanitarian response. What is involved in a rapid needs assessment? Health priorities are identified on the basis of rapid collection and analysis of data. Information is collected on background displacement, risk factors, resources required, etc. It is important to use a guideline based on standards. For instance, the sphere standards, water and sanitation. Drinking water is a top priority in complex emergencies. Both quality and quantity are important. During the first days, 20 liters of water per person per day should be the target. Huwa and inadequate water supply is associated with sanitation related diseases. Sanitation in the first days of displacement, emergency latrin should be provided for every 50 to 100 persons. But these should be improved to one latrin for 20 persons. Ideally, one latrin per family when the conflict improves or the situation improves or the humanitarian situation is addressed. Food and nutrition. Population movement is both a cause and a consequence of food shortage. Malnutrition is an important contributory cause of death during complex emergencies. Food distribution should be planned, effective and equitable. Shelter and site planning is an important aspect of complex emergencies, especially where large numbers of people are displaced. Shelter is important for protection, security, privacy. It is recommended that each person has 3.5 square meters of available space for their personal use. Appropriate shelter sites should be selected. They should be in a secure location away from the border. Availability of land and access to water and the location should be socially and culturally agreeable to the affected persons. Health care aims to reduce mortality in the emergency phase of displacement. Curative, preventive and rehabilitative care is crucial. Manios and guidelines should be available for standardization of treatment. A tier system of health care is important that is hospital, health center and outreach services. Determine human resource needs, recruit and train health workers and place them where they are needed. Control of communicable diseases is very important during complex emergencies. Intervention strategies include attacking the sources of infection like curative care, isolation of highly infectious persons, prevent transmission of illness through environmental sanitation, personal hygiene and health education. Protect the susceptible persons like miso immunization, chemoprophylaxis for selected diseases and provision of bed nets. There is need for continuous surveillance to detect epidemics and to assess effectiveness of interventions. Coordination is another vital part of management of complex emergencies. The rationale is that there are usually many actors involved in the response. The goal is to achieve the greatest impact through integration of activities. Establish clear leadership and coordination, ensure priorities are shared between the intervening partners. Rationalize services by establishing common standards and ensure good communication among stakeholders.


Hi everybody, I'm Asbi Waikhaf. I am the illustrator behind Buffalo Wild written by Diedre Haverlock and I am very excited for Buffalo Wild to be included in this year's Everybody Reads Initiative with the San Francisco Human Rights Commission. Buffalo Wild is a whimsical story about a young indigenous boy named Declan who has an obsession with Buffalo and one night he accidentally lets down a magical herd of skybison right into his cocoon's yard. Buffalo Wild is a wonderful and adventurous story about remembering and honoring the Buffalo and the Buffalo Treaty and I hope everybody has a chance to read it this summer.


Mr. Minister, you and I have walked there just for a second to let them get the newest photograph of us. And then we'll come back in. They started shouting questions. I didn't say there'd be no questions. I said there'd be no answers. Well, Mr. Minister, I understand this is your first visit to our country and that you're going to have some other stops and a chance perhaps to get acquainted with some of our people. I think you'll find it very warm and friendly. I wish you could stay longer, but on your return, if you please, convey my best wishes to Chairman Donald, President Lee, Secretary General Hu and Premier Zhao, and looking forward to my own trip to your country, April and before that, looking forward to the Premier's visit here in January. I know you must have some things on your agenda, so... This morning is Foreign Minister Wu, he's a Republican China. I'm delighted to have you. There seem to be questions. There'll be no answers.