So moving on from most of the geeks over here, but trying to see how exactly do we use location in a very, very general sense. I work for a company called Onze, and we have developed an application which I believe a lot of users, a lot of non-geeks would actually use it. So this is a journey with respect to figuring out how to translate what a lot of people actually know about location. I'm sure most of us are quite familiar with the maps, but when we go outside, how exactly do we, most of the people will not even have seen the map or if you show them a location on the map, or whether in the daily, let's say, how exactly do they interpret location. So that is the kind of journey that I would like to take. This is a brief introduction. I work at this company called Onze for two years. The company came up with a direction-based service. So we actually went ahead and created our own maps for Bangalore Engineering to create a driving direction, and as a prototype, we actually created this application over SMS. And over SMS itself, we've learned quite a bit of stuff where regular non-geeks would, how would they use the service and how would they provide information to them, which would be relevant without an aid of a map or a smartphone or even a GPS device to begin with. So let's start with the very basic question. There's not something that you ask after a heavy drink or something like that. Where am I right now? Or let's say you want to go to a place. What's the address of the place? How do I locate that place? Or let's say you're traveling to a unknown city or something, and you just want to know where exactly what's mine. If you have a map, you have a location, but mentally, how do you align yourself, which part of the world you are currently? Or rather, you're visiting a friend who is in a remote part of the town and he's trying to give you a direction or you're trying to tell him that I'm at the best bakery or something. He goes by now, how do I come to your place? So those are the kind of interaction where this kind of question often comes up and it's not always the case that you have a smartphone or a GPS device to give you an answer. But even if you have such a device, what would an answer be? In a pure GPS sense, it will just tell you latitude of, let's say this place, 12.98, 17.63. But without a map to actually put this thing in perspective or in context view, it wouldn't really make a lot of sense. The other thing is address. In India, address doesn't work that much in a lot of developing countries. Sunil was mentioning about Johannesburg and New York and Tokyo, where it works very well. But in India, you have to have the landmarks. The landmarks are, this thing has a water tank, not really a big one. So address is something, so this is the address that I just took it from the platform on the website, which once you get to have a reason to understand, okay, if I'm not being to this part of the town, probably I can come to, let's say, Dome Road Club and next to Dome Road Club, I may find this place. So I just stop. The other, obviously, if you have a smartphone or something, you could put it on this thing and see better perspective. Okay, right. I'm not here. I want to get to this place. Then probably this is the way to go. And finally, there's something called Location Persuade, which is nothing new, but a lot of us actually do use it. But this is in one sense what we have standardized over the years as we provide our service on SMS. That is to provide in-textual terms where exactly you are in a manner that will actually help you reach out to that place. So this particular tip, and this is all generated through our map data that we have, specifically in Bangalore and in Chilling. It will tell you the place. It will tell you the road on which it is. This is, by the way, a local named Shankar Nagrod. I'm sure most of the maps will not provide you, will probably do something, second process, something, but people around this place will be familiar with this road. It will provide you the locality in which this place is. It may provide you a couple of landmarks based on which you will be able to go through this place. And a main road, and this is from the main road from where this place is. And this is from a major junction. So once you've left. Sir, I'm sorry, Peter. How do you get this information? Do you get it on? Do you get this? Multiple things. In smartphone cases, yes, you give a latron, like the latrons that we saw previously, this kind of latron, and we have an API that will provide you this information. The second thing is we also have a search engine that you specify energy and research institute, and it finds out that energy and research institute is there in our map database. And so this is the location-specific product base. So it works both dubious as well as the search base. Now, location-specific as, you know, is very, very friendly in India, and this is something that we have erected over the time, and it actually works quite well in India. But why exactly location-specific? What's the problem with other things that I talked to you about? First and foremost, the latron. Obviously, without the context or without the map, it doesn't really make sense. And even once you have a map, you actually have to pinpoint and then depending on the granularity of the latitude and longitude, you can actually reach to that place. So without a context, pretty much useless. Poscillators, I mean, this particular place did have a pretty good poscillator, but consider, for example, this place. But another thing I don't know if you're familiar with, it's almost a 10-kilometer road. And in that 10-kilometer road, if you want to find out number five, it's probably a couple of days. So, I mean, address works quite well in some of the cases, but in most of the cases, especially in India, they don't quite work. Reading maps, definitely not trivial. Actually, I've broken an iOS 6.0 reading map. Sorry. And finally, I mean, the location-specific that we provide is, you know, human-friendly. This is a way, something that you tell your friend to come with, if I'm sure, I would have called up Kiran and asked him how exactly to come to this place. He would definitely give me a couple of landmarks around this place to get an idea. And it gives you a mental picture, okay, I know this place, so this is probably over here. And this is probably over here. And so, let's say, when 2005, when Google actually gave us the map, we didn't have a very good idea of how Bangalore looks like on a map. But we could find a way around, right? Now, interesting thing, this location-specific is something that we actually generate from our map database, right? So, let me get down to how exactly, what are the different components of it and how it is useful for you to make sense of where you are. The person-formers, it obviously tells you the name of the place. It may be local name as well, so that when you come to this place, it gives you what is it locally known as. The road that is, that it is on. So, that helps you, okay, the moment you get on Shankar Nagar road, it should be somewhere on the road. It gives you a reasonably well-known locality. So, if you're coming from a far off place, you don't really need to have directions from that particular place. You know, first you have to reach to don't lose a second straight, then you could figure it out. It gives you a couple of landmarks that get closer to this place. Now, these two information, the road, the main road and intersection, that actually helps you in your commute. So, you know that on the HL airport road, it is about 300 meters off from the main junction. There is a flyover, it is about half a kilometer off. So, these are the roughly kind of information. And I'm sure this is not exhaustive in this, and I'm sure you could find some places which this information doesn't really make sense, but definitely it works more than the post letters that work. So, that is the kind of survey that we carry out in building the map. So, we try to get a... So, we have a scale of one to five, saying that one is something that is totally a problem. Second is something that we think that probably in this particular road, people would know about. Three is something that people in this area would know about. Four is maybe a bigger locality. Five means the entire city knows about. So, that is the kind of guidance. So, whenever we pick a waypoint, we pick placemarks in a city by creating a database, we assign that kind of a level to it. So, that helps us once we get our location, when we see around what are the recently famous, recently known, and this is quite subjective image. So, at times it could go wrong. Most of the time it is... Can't you crowd-source that, assigning that one to five, you know? More number of four-square check-ins means a bigger score or something like that. Probably, but I'm sure with a lot of data that could help, but I don't think we have that kind of data, especially in Bangalore, to actually help make that kind of a decision. For example, I'm sure, I mean, we'd get a lot of check-ins for, let's say, forum or something, but to this place, the recently famous, you may not get that kind of thing. And the other alternative to, you know, location-specific, obviously, reverse view coding, and a lot of people who use Google's reverse view coding.  I mean, LS is the location-specific, as far as something which works with only our map. So, it's there, frankly, in Bangalore and Chennai. So, this is the look, and the Google reverse coding of this particular latitude, that Google would give you. There's the fourth main road, the Umru second stage, Bangalore. And there's a big part of, you know, our data collection, which I'm not touching over, just to give you a brief of how we organize, what constitutes our map data. And this is nothing visual. It is basically a list of points of which we have latitude and longitude. And in our web application and other applications, we actually use Google Maps to overlay. So, there's nothing pretty to look at in one sense. So, we have place marks, waypoints, points with accurate latitude, longitude, and a reasonable amount of subjective information over the popularity of that place. Then we have roads, which are essentially dotted lines. We have intersections. So, again, I mean, when we build this database, it was primarily to provide a dragging direction kind of a service of a lot of emphasis on roads and intersections. And finally, locality, which is basically a polygon, which captures not at an accurate level, but with roads dividing a particular area, it captures the whole locality. So, based on it, we have an application which is very simple, which is big hand one sense, which we call in locasi, locasi, is in Malay, it means location. So, very simple thing. The moment you launch this application, in your location specifications, it will tell you that this is something that we captured in our office in general. So, this is the information that it tells you. It shows you on the map, where exactly it is there. And then something interesting that you could do is send this location to your friends. With most of the other applications, let's say if it's a map-based application, the other person needs to have a smartphone or at least a map on which to look at this information. But what we do is, since we have all of the location, LS, whatever you could place, you could actually send this whole text as an SMS or as basically a complete text, or even the person who's receiving it without the const text of a smartphone or a map or something like that, he'll be able to get a reasonable idea of where exactly you are. I can't understand that. This was a complete game of this topic. It was a celebrating independence day. Let's reiterate. Basically, this application is very simple. It just tells you where you are in terms or in context, which would actually make a lot of sense to you without any extra position with the map. It helps you share your location to your friends who may not have an application or who may not have access to internet, or who may not have access to a smartphone or any such thing to know exactly where you are and probably help you guide through if you are visiting them. And a lot of questions are raised about the security of your location. Pretty secure because there's a short link or something like that that you generate and you only share it with your friends. So, you know that it actually goes out. So, you could probably get the application. So, it has a web interface also where the short link that you click on gives you a location of where you are on the map. Yeah, that's all. Nice. Just to give you a brief, we started with providing driving directions in Bangor and later on we moved on to providing a location-based service to a detailed establishment. So, now we have data across the country but the kind of granularity of the places that we have, the roles that we have, the accuracy, the popularity of these places is pretty much only in Bangor and generally. The other places, it's not that much. Do you have a question about the distance from the junction? Yeah. How accurate is that? It's a road accurate. So, it's not as the profile kind of distance but actually the distance that would take you if you would travel on the road. So, GPS for this, where you calculate it? No. It pays on the road that you would take to reach to a place from the junction. How do you take the geometry of a road in that case? We have, our data has the road. So, we know where the junction is. We know the places. So, we know how exactly to reach to that place to do adopting and then we know the distance. Okay. In that case, why don't you provide this left side, right side, that kind of information? Yeah. We could provide. Did you use OpenStreetMap as your base initial data or did you build all this data yourself? When we started, OpenStreetMap was not that popular and especially in Bangor, we did not have that kind of information. So, we started building this data by ourselves. Having said that, over the last one year or so, we have kind of evaluated and explained the OpenStreetMap data. The thing that the data is there, it's very ad hoc in one sense and we need to have some subjective information over between to extract it. And the kind of demarbition that we do with, let's say, the roads, the areas that we have. We've seen in OpenStreetMap, we've met people draw, let's say, this building, right? And they use something called a road as a metatime, just because it looks pretty. So, if we try to extract this, the roads from OSM, we would get the structure of this institute. So, that has been a very big determinant. But again, we're trying to see how exactly, in one sense, this is more like a noise. So, when we extract data from OSM, how do we curtail this noise and this together? That would be actually a big help if we could get that. Sorry, just a follow-up question. What did you use then to generate the data? Can you give us an idea of just the kind of tools to... Most of the tools were generated by us. So, in a very, very raw sense, we just took a couple of these devices, just drove around the road, captured in audio of this thing, as we were trying to go back to the office in the transcription. Very, very basic. How long have you been doing this special map? So, this map, we have not updated in the last two years or so. But before that, we took close over six to nine months to build the Bangalow map. Chennai, we did faster because we had at least at least a possible X-ray of once we did Bangalow. So, Chennai, we did the working three months. And my question is going to be just in terms of keeping up-to-date as geography changes. Yeah, that is a challenge. What your maintenance plans are for how you maintain that data. Right. So, we have not really done that before. Yeah. How expensive was it to acquire all this data yourself? As I told you, Bangalow took about six to nine months approximately. So, you can make an estimate. But actually, it's basically... And it's just for speculation, depending on how many people you put in and what kind of... How many people did you put in? You put out about ten people, one car, a couple of laptops, a couple of heaters, devices, multiplied by nine months. Yeah. It's not an easy thing, definitely. And what people are doing with OSMS, definitely, if I come into it, the way they're building it up. Yeah. So, in the last two years, also, we have kind of moved away from providing driving directions. So, we have a service on SMS quite well, even now. But in the last two years, we have moved on to providing a more like a location-based platform to retail businesses. So, right now, what we do is, you have a retail chain of 10 to 15 stores. And you want to provide an application or SMS-based website, web plugin or something where you can help your customers locate the nearest store. So, that's the kind of location-based service you provide to retail businesses. Use a base of... Sorry? Use a base of... Is anyone using it? Use a base of... Use a base of our app. This is just really about three months or so. And this is not... Sorry? Yeah. So, Android app is available. Use a base of... I don't know, 100 people or something. But on the SMS side, we have a reasonable update. So, in SMS, we provide driving directions in Bangalore. You can send SMS from TV to... It's a generic to 980, 980, and it will provide your direction. So, we have a pretty big update. Yeah. So, do you deal with misspellings, like disambiguation? It's like if someone misspells how to deal with this? Yeah, we do. Is this at the database level or... Do you know what you use to deal with disambiguation? Yeah. We do deal with disambiguation, specifically because we provide this service primarily on SMS. And on SMS, if let's say you type Majestic as MAG, ISTI, SK, and we would need to resolve it. So, we do a good amount of spelling tolerance, which we have built up in our system. Yes. Yes. How is the popularity for you? We draw them. Yeah. What about the conventions that are being followed in the local areas? But for example, both the fuel joints are an option. That's what many people call it. But it's actually known as urban domain. So, how do you deal with this? A lot of location, a lot of local, or what you call as tribal knowledge, is actually built in. So, when we created this database, we did actually take into account of what exactly this road is more popularly known as and not the official name of the road. But again, it's very subjective. It depends on people to people. But we try to capture it as much as possible. So, it gives me both, if I say, full of local law, if I say, if I say, full of local law, if I say, full of local law, if I say, full of local law, if I use this in smaller cities, but information isn't as consistent or is that just still a big problem? Yeah. There are 10 subs that we could do. So, this could be probably one of them. But right now, the focus, timely is on the retail business platform. It's a non-technical question, but how do you plan to monetize your application and in your monitoring incentive? Right. So, we were running this driving variation on SMS for close to three years now We will not make any money on that part, so most of our focus is now on the retail platform. We provide this as a platform to retail businesses and we have more text from retail businesses. I mean not directly from the individuals also. So the SMS based service or this particular application, I don't think, it doesn't make us money and I don't think it will make money very quickly. Okay. Thank you man. Thanks a lot.


What's going on? I am Greif Sosman joined today by Tom Vecchio, Fandall, who's here to break down tonight's NBA Slate. What's going on, Tom? I'm doing good. We got five games on the slate. No, plenty of stars to pay up for, so let's jump in. Let's do it. Let's start with a player that doesn't always start off the season hot, but this year he's been scorching. And that's Nicola Jokic. He's priced at $10,500. He's a triple-double machine. He doesn't usually get in shape until like January or February, but he started off this season red hot. Absolutely. A triple-double machine. Like you said, six games so far for him this season. Four triple-doubles. And in the other two games, he was one rebound shy in each of them from posting two more triple-doubles. So absolutely just unbelievable production from him. We want to be locking him into our lineups tonight. Going up against the Timberwolves, they are absolutely horrible against guarding centers. They still don't have Carlton Towns. They're running 62.29 fan-dup points per game to opposing centers at the second worst in the league. We're looking at Jokic posting 1.52 fan-dup points per minute. I mean, everything is lining up for Jokic, pushing towards another triple-double. He's over $10,000, but I want to be starting my lineups with him tonight. Jokic is expensive, but it's well worth it because of how dominant he's been, how weak the Minnesota front court has been against opposing centers, especially without Carl Anthony Towns. Nikoli Jokic in a fantastic spot tonight to continue this rampage. Also in a fantastic spot is the Nets Kyrie Irving. No Kevin Durant this week because of COVID protocols, so Kyrie Irving is going to be the dog. As long as he plays tonight, Kyrie is in a fantastic position to be in your DFS lineup and do some damage. Yeah, exactly. This is probably one of the main combos we're going to be seeing. A lot of Kyrie Jokic lineups. There are probably going to be two of the Chalkies players and I would expect Kyrie to be the Chalkies player on the entire slate. 9.7. We're looking at a smaller sample size when Durant is off the court and Kyrie is on just because there have been so few games this season, but a 33% usage rate in posting 1.60 fan-dup points per minute when Durant is off the court. That's for Kyrie Irving. He's already taking over 20 field go attempts per game with Durant in the lineup, so we should expect that to be his floor. The matchup is pretty solid tonight going up against Utah 225. It is a bit of a pace down spot for the Nets, but I'm not really too worried about that because the extra field go attempts and the extra usage should be there for Kyrie. So start off with the Joker, start off with Kyrie, and you could be locking in 100 plus fan-dup points. Yeah, I think those are the two stars you need to build around tonight, Nikolay Jokic and then Kyrie Irving. They're both obvious cash game plays, but they're worth it. They're expensive, but I think you have to start both of them. Certainly Jokic against December will shrunk court, and then Kyrie Irving without Kevin Durant. It's basically like when you had Westbrook without Kevin Durant. It's an autoplay. Kyrie, especially under 10K tonight, is locked and loaded. One last player to get to this evening, and that's the Blazers, CJ McCullum. CJ is priced under $9,000 tonight at $8,900. He's gotten off to a good start this season. Why do you like him tonight? Yeah, I would say a little bit more than a good start if you ask me. He's kind of been red hot. First of all, we have a 234 over-undergoing against the Bulls. This is the highest on the slate. Both teams are in the top seven when it comes to pace. The Bulls don't play a whole lot of defense. Neither do the Trailblazers. So just from face value, we're looking at a great fantasy environment. Right now, we have McCullum shooting 10.8, 3-pointers per game. That's almost three more than his career average. We're seeing him take 22 field goal attempts per game. And on top of that, he's producing 1.30 feindal points per minute, which is the highest on the Blazers, more than Dane, who's down at 1.10. So we have a true star, who's not deemed to be the number one option on the Trailblazers. But McCullum is taking all of these shots, hitting all of these threes. I love his price tag at 8.9. We're looking at another 40 plus feindal points from him against the Chicago Bulls. I'll take him. Under $9,000 on that highest total game on the slate, over 233 points there, 234. Like you mentioned, he's that total. And this is going to be a high scoring game. It's not all going to be Dane and Lillard's. He's McCullum, as you said, where we both said, off to not just a good start, a fantastic start. He's super hot. McCullum in a good spot tonight at a shooting guard position where it's not always easy to fill. McCullum is a lock this evening. That's going to do it for us here on the Feindal Hurry Up Time. We appreciate the time. Good luck tonight. All right. Same to you. Talk to you on Thursday. Absolutely. Tomorrow joining us will be Megan Nunez as we go over her top plays for Super Wild Card Weekend. For Tom Becchio, I'm Greg Sussman. Thanks so much for watching. Enjoy the games tonight. And we'll see you back here tomorrow for another edition of the Feindal Hurry Up.


Alright, what we're going to look at today is more of what's, we're going to kind of bring everything together because as, I hope somewhat obvious, a bit of what we've been looking at is a little artificial. We have to do that to get started. So we started with axial loading and looked at the normal stresses associated with that and then some of the shear stresses. We looked at torsion, which was entirely shear, if you remember, and then we put in later some bending and that used most of the very type of loading that we happen to look at in statics and it is some of the most common of the structural type loadings that we'll look at and then we looked just on Monday at the transverse shear loading that we can see. Now we're going to put all of these together in some combination and see what they all have to do with each other. Before that we have to take a little bit of a step. This is considered a combined loading. I'm not exactly sure why because it really only is a strict and particular type of loading and that's the type of stresses seen in thin wall pressure vessels. This is a huge part of the mechanical engineering industry. There's the government regulations that need to be observed in terms of thin wall pressure vessels all built on the very type of thing we're going to look at now, it's just immense. You can imagine what the kind of failure if a high pressure vessel fails and the sudden release of that pressure can be catastrophic even in ways you might not anticipate. Back in Boston in the early 1900s I forget exactly when there was a molasses tank that was holding was full of molasses. The pressure due to the hydrostatic pressure of that molasses ruptured the tank and caused a flood and as embarrassing as a way to die a lot of 100 people or so were killed in a molasses flood. I believe if I remember it was in January as well so they couldn't outrun cold molasses which is I imagine you get up to the pearly gates and you got some explaining to do because that's just a terrible way to go. There are better ways. So we're going to look at thin wall pressure vessels so we'll take kind of a look at a spherical cap just to get the picture going so there's some elemental piece in this and we're assuming that these are all high pressure vessels on the inside so this is like a spherical tank and what that high pressure on the inside causes is tension in all directions in the material that makes up the pressure vessel itself and just trying to give it the appearance of a curved surface like that we're going to see then the normal stress throughout. No resistance to bending in this and all forces are tangential in nature. So we'll be a little more specific now and we'll start with a look at a cylindrical pressure vessel. So we've got it cut away. Of course it's got some kind of cap on the end. High pressure vessels don't do well if you just put a flat piece over the end because as I just mentioned there's no resistance to bending of these very thin materials and the end cap would be almost entirely in bending so it's typical that a more rounded piece is put them in and that's exactly what you see with scuba tanks and the like. So we've got this pressure vessel with an associated coordinate system. First though let's make sure we understand what we mean by thin wall. We have R the inside radius of the tank and then there's some wall thickness T and it's the ratio of those two that we used as our definition as arbitraries it might be. We define a thin wall pressure vessel as one where the radius to the thickness is greater than about 10 so if we had a 10 inch inside radius tank any wall thickness less than one is going to be considered a thin wall pressure vessel. Then as we had before on the spherical picture we've got a little elemental piece there and that's going to see two types of normal stresses on it. There's going to be a hoop stress that we call sigma 1. I don't know why we can't call it sigma H but not one of the books I have looks at it as that. Sigma 1 is a hoop stress hoop obviously because it goes around the vessel. As the type of metal hoops you'd see if we're looking at oak barrels in the length they have exactly that type of thing and we keep looking at the stress. In fact we have a couple problems in the book looking at pressurized oak barrels with the metal hoops running around them and then there's a longitudinal stress called sigma 2. of the vessel itself and it's in its main dimension or all right we need to take this apart and see what we can make of these stresses themselves in regards to the load they're carrying which is the internal pressure. This internal pressure is considered a gauge pressure you may have heard the term before gauge. It's precisely the type of reading if you haven't had a pressure gauge and you attach it to some kind of nozzle that could read the pressure in the tank. It's merely the pressure over atmospheric. That's all your pressure gauge reads when you take the pressure in your tires. It's how much pressure there is in the tire in addition to the atmospheric pressure. What that allows us to do is we only need to look at the forces caused by the internal pressure. We don't need to balance that against the outside the atmospheric pressure also pushing on the pressure vessel in towards the center. We can just ignore that because we subtract it off of both of them so it only has the pressure above atmospheric to worry about. If we consider atmospheric pressure and use the absolute pressure on the inside of the tank they just subtract anyway because they're exerting equal and opposite forces on either side of the wall. So we're only going to look at the gauge pressure we'll use in a fit of creativity the symbol P and now we can look at the type of stresses that we've got there. So we'll start with a little segment of the vessel down the x direction so we'll take a little piece of it that runs like this. So what we've done is we've got a little piece of the tank of some length delta x and I cut it right in half and exposed that tank the type of thing we've done before where we're just imagining a cut through the tank to expose the internal force in the material. So when we do that we've got this internal pressure that's pushing out on the tank. Now you have all taken physics two I believe. Is that right? You looked at hydrogen, David have you? I did take physics two but I'm not sure if we covered this. What I'm looking at is the hydrostatic pressure the pressure of a fluid on a solid surface and in this case we have a curved surface. Now it might seem problematic at first because the pressure is a force that can act normally to a surface only. There's no transverse ability of pressure to exert any forces. So the pressure is going to be acting around the surface like that normal to the surface in every place. And if you remember from hydrostatics in physics two if you actually covered it there was a small section you pull out your physics book it'll show it the forces on submerged curved surfaces. It may seem somewhat problematic because you're going to need to integrate over the entire curved surface on the inside. What it turns out though to to end up in result is very very simple. You only need to look at the projected surface and the forces normal to that. This happens because every upward component of force has an equal and opposite downward component and they all cancel. So any any of the let's see this would be our y direction. Any y direction component to the forces cancel each other and the result is that you only need to look at the equivalent pressure acting on a projected area to get the total force acting on that curved surface which makes it a lot easier for us as we balance the forces because we're balancing the forces really in the z direction because of the exposed surface we've got there. So we've got this projected area which is nothing more than the rectangle there with these on my perspective on my drawings off a little bit. We've got pressure the gauge pressure acting on that and that's all we need to consider. That'll give us the equivalent pressure of having done it all the way around the surface normal to the surface would get the same equivalence. So we've got those forces trying to push that that cylindrical that that the hemicellular semi-cylinder the semi-cylinder towards the minus z direction and then of course the the internal forces in the material which is what we're trying to find are acting in the opposite direction to balance those because we have static equilibrium in all of our situations that we work with. Remember this is this is in the the hoop direction that I'm looking at now. So we can balance the forces on this piece here and see what they equal and that'll allow us to find the stress. So the the first part I guess we can do is is we have this pressure acting on that that area that area is twice the radius times that delta x. So that's 2r delta x that's the that's the pink pressure force exerted by the fluid due to the fluid pressure whether this is compressed air or simply liquid storage liquids being so much heavier than gases they tend to exert a lot of pressure on their own right. So that's the the pink pressure that's got to be balanced by the stresses in the material itself which is delta it's a the stress acting on the area of the wall that's exposed which is delta x times t but there's one top and bottom so it'd be 2t delta x and that's the due to internal forces in the wall itself. Alright so everybody comfortable with the picture for the most part we're balancing the fluid pressure forces trying to push this in the minus e direction and the internal forces in the wall itself as it tries to hang on to the other half of the tank that we've taken out of the drawing and so this simplifies quite quickly the delta x is cancel the 2's cancel and we get then the hoop stress sigma 1 is equal to pr over t. Units work out okay always check our units as we go through algebra yeah remember the units on stress are the very same units as pressure in fact we often use Pascal which is a standard unit of pressure so it works out just fine for the units units of pressure in Pascal we're capitalizing a in that sensor area we don't capitalize units and so that's the hoop stress is as simple as that we need to know what the gauge pressure inside the tank is and then actually multiply it by that ratio that we use to define the thin wall limit itself the pretty straightforward straightforward calculation there to find the hoop stress all right to find the longitudinal stress we need to make the cut in the other direction so it's very much like the picture we've got there so I'll just redraw here so it's a little bit bigger kind of exaggerate the wall thickness so that we can see all the parts of it and now we've got the same type of thing on this projected area here we have the fluid pressure acting so that's that's going to the force acting over that area is the force in the I guess would have been minus x direction and then we have this internal wall force as the wall tries to hold itself together acting all the way around on this exposed bit of wall we've cut open in the imaginary way we've been doing this all along and so again we need the two forces to sum to zero otherwise we won't have static equilibrium so we have the fluid pressure acting on that projected area which is just the inside radius inside circular area pi r squared so again that's the force due to the fluid and that must be balanced by the internal stresses in the material itself to withstand those forces as this pressure is trying to rip the tank apart the tank's trying to hang on as best it can so due to the thin wall approximation all we need to do to estimate this area is we'll just call it two pi r times t it's not quite that it's uh you know we the I guess have to do two pi r outside minus r inside then times t or no our average I guess would be a better one but this is this is close enough with the thin wall approximation and so that's the internal wall forces and we can then solve for the longitudinal stress pi cancels and one r cancels and we get then p over two t r that right p p times r over two two notice that that's half the hoop stress so it's the the circular direction the hoop direction that's going to be the greater of the dangers of the two so that's our longitudinal stress okay fairly straightforward these aren't severely difficult calculations so we'll do a couple problems just to make sure we can work oh no what we have to also do is this is for a cylindrical tank but most of these tanks will have a circular end cap on them so we have to do our analysis for that so we'll now look at a a spherical tank there are some tanks that are completely spherical they're more difficult to make but they do use less material as you remember from probably calc two or three the maximum volume for the minimum material is for a spherical shape which is why not makes water drops round so we'll now look at a spherical tank yes it's also probably one reason why so we have space cancels around the spherical yeah well that's a pressurized a thin wall pressurized vessel yeah the atmospheric pressure p is equal close to zero yeah so the problem like that the the absolute the gauge pressure and the internal absolute pressure are essentially equal in this case since it's spherical there is no preferred direction it's going to be symmetric in all direction so we only need to figure out a single stress hoop there is no hoop direction there's no longitudinal direction so there's only this one single stress we need to figure out but we'll call it sigma one since that is the worst case over in the cylindrical tank so we make sure that we're looking at the right one so if we make a cut through the middle to expose this we get the same kind of picture we have before now we have a hemisphere cut open with fluid pressure like that internal wall stresses like that we get essentially the very same picture we just had and we get the very same solution pr over 2t okay so now we can we can look at a quick problem throw into the numbers here so imagine a long cylindrical tank with spherical end caps something like that maybe a little longer than we might see but you see propane tanks outside of summer camps all over the Adirondacks so this very same type of thing tank is 8 feet long the cylindrical part has a wall thickness of 3 inch and made of steel it's 30 inches in diameter and the end caps themselves are five sixteenths inch steel or as we say five teens we would say that is too embarrassing to say we'll give it a gauge pressure of 180 psi g the g means gauge psi gauge pressure you might also see you'll see this when you take thermodynamics that there'll also be pressure readings and psi a which is pounds per square inch absolute that then includes the effect of atmospheric pressure which we don't need to do because the atmospheric pressure in is subtracted off the part of the atmospheric pressure that's also in there we just used the difference between the two okay so we've got two pieces to look at we've got the end cap so look at and see what the stresses are in there make sure that it won't exceed the steel limits and that's the part we just came up with there's no preferred direction to this symmetry of the sphere so you can just put the pieces in and double check to make sure your unit's all right so that's up to you take a second to do that and then in the body of the tank as well we have two types of stresses to calculate the signal on the hoop stress and the longitudinal stress we can compare those against stress limits in in steel these happen to be well under that so I don't have to bother with that but just check the number to check your units this 30 inch is the outside diameter so technically you need the inside radius and it's not 15 well that's not quite what I had 14.69 oh I'm sorry you're looking at the at the slide in 14.84 and there's going to be uh pressure vessels tend to have a very large factor of safety on them anyway so if we're off by a few little bits it hopefully gets swallowed by the rather large factor of safety at your units most people are getting the pieces there pressure 180 psi what do you have for r you had 14.84 what do you look at different things for r you have 13. something we're all over the map no that's the outside diameter 5 16 oh minus okay yeah for the end cap it's 15 minus 5 16 what's that like special okay what are you doing Tommy we're off we're doing different 13 something 14.688 is that right John finally 6875 remember we don't need too many significant figures on those types of things and then that's thickness itself 5 16 and then the same kind of thing same pressure slightly different r and t on the tank body calculations now that is not psig because these are not fluid pressures these are stresses that we're calculating here there's no such thing as a gauge stress it's not that I know Bill you got that number right so we already know what all we need to charge that pressure is the same this time r is 14.625 and then we only have to cut that in half to get the other one agreed Joey okay no what do you got this or that one not this one not yet or not agree with it not yet okay but others agree with it you're okay with the 70 70 20 20 is that one do another real quick one the ultimate stress no well it depends if you remember when we looked at our stress strain diagrams the yield stress is the end of the linear part the ultimate stress is the highest it goes up to the yield stress is what you're worried about in structural materials because when the load is released you want the stress on the strain to be released too ultimate stress would be for other materials for example this problem we're looking at is that of a basketball and you never use a basketball uninflated well sometimes you have to because you can't find the needle that you lost when your dad told you to put it away where you're supposed to and you didn't so you can't find the needle every household has 12 of them nobody knows where one of them is not that i'm speaking from practice the the ultimate stress from rubber is about 2000 psi we don't need to worry about the yield stress because we're not going to pump up a basketball then unpump it and use it we're going to pump it up and you want to make sure that it'll take as much pressure as you can put into it and not burst so typical uh outside diameter for basketball about 9.5 inches wall thickness of the rubber about an eighth of an inch and typical gauge pressure is about nine psi so determine about how much margin of safety there is to that uh ultimate pressure for the rubber and will you let your kids play with a basketball when it's might be on the verge of exploding taking out his eye suing the school district for millions of dollars and you drive nice cars for the rest of your life i won't let kids play with us like that's pretty much dodge pair oh that's just that's that's more uh an issue for uh it's nice hard self esteem right one yeah so there's no need to be exhausting over a mediocrity well it's in dodgeball when you get hit you have to go line up on the side so everybody knows you're out and then you're not playing everybody plays in america come on you've got kids you guys are kids you grew up in that world you guys are all under depression that you can do anything you want the adults in the room me no better so figure out if we've got a pretty good margin on this so we probably could see the next club should uh should do some myth buster type things you know do do tests like that see what will happen joey'll sign up you will get a case of bearer yeah just what i want to do with 18 you know students all right all right now you should be getting an internal pressure internal stress you're looking for the stresses in the wall of the basketball and i notice everybody's getting oh yeah okay we're all getting about the same number what a factor safety 12 give or take a little bit yeah you should be getting the units work out okay we're at nine psi g the radius uh i think comes out to be 4.625 and the inside wall thickness point oh that was given 4.125 and so we had stress in the wall material itself in the rubber of the basketball of well under the expected to break the stress and so it's not common to find the basketballs that will rupture uh on the playground we'll do one more real quick just to give a different illustration of the type of thing that will happen so let's look at a storage tank now in this case uh the entire tank is not under pressure because it's only the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the tank itself so you're not going to need a spherical end cap on the top of this because that's not significantly under pressure it's the bottom down here that's going to see the greater pressure since the pressure varies with depth and tank so we'll give it an eight meter outside diameter a 16 meter height but the uh we don't need that 16 meter we'll just use 15.5 meters of fluid that's what matters it's the height of the fluid unless it is a closed tank and the uh space above it is pressurized which could happen if they're uh worrying about you know you want the tank to empty quicker you pressurize the tank to force it out faster so wall thickness of 16 millimeters at the bottom determine at the bottom what the hoop stress is then and we know the longitudinal stress is half that so the one thing you'll need is the density of water is a thousand kilograms per cubic meter so we'll see if you remember how to determine the pressure at the bottom of a column of the bottom of a liquid column and we're assuming the top is open so it's open to atmospheric so this would be the gauge pressure at the bottom let's see who the members have figured out the pressure at the bottom of the fluid column did you guys do some hydrostatics and fluids and physics too? I exactly didn't do that at RIT and you didn't yeah that made me I'm wondering depending upon the sequence some schools put that in in physics three and put other stuff in physics two I don't think we probably would have done this in physics three at RIT it was a lot like physics three here we did electrical stuff one atmosphere for 10 meters yeah something like that yeah I guess it would be pressure at depth there's a function of the density actually the specific weight and the height of the fluid column at the top you can do without the conversion if you just use row gh where rows the density of the fluid g is the gravitational field strength so that together is the specific weight where density is actually specific mass and then h is the the height of the fluid column which is the 15-5 so if you do that then you're not in units of atmospheric pressure atmospheric pressure is about 14.7 psi if I remember I tried my best not to memorize conversion factors because then when you get them wrong you don't know it so you look them up each time and then you know they're right what's my memory sucks if my memory sucks I'll be a medical doctor I'll be driving a Porsche with a lawn on my side like you guys and I'd be like doesn't sound like much punishment for having poor memory wait till you're 57 Porsche and a lawn sound pretty nice the thing my wife doesn't watch these videos she gave up on those long ago figure out the pressure row gh at the bottom at the bottom because the pressure is much greater at the bottom in fact the gauge pressure gauge pressure at the top is zero because it's atmospheric pressure at the top there's no fluid weighing it down and then once you find that pressure you can just figure out the little yeah figure out the radius thickness is given other than that you do have some units to worry about because we've got some meters and some millimeters in there but that's pretty minor so that'll give us newtons per cubic meter whatever that means I guess that yeah that's the specific weight and then times the 15.5 meters so that'll give us newtons per square meter or Pascal Pascal's we need to try being at considerate pressure that is the gauge pressure because you're only worrying about the fluid column weight itself above that next five and there is no designation like kphg at least none that i've ever seen where if you kill a Pascal's gauge yeah weird and had to kill a Pascal's yeah wow that was this machine actually could have been Vermont they're pretty progressive over there ordering a whole little pocket of liberalism all right so we've got all the numbers there I hope you do uh at least then we've got the 152 times 10 to the three Pascal's newtons square meter so the units will all work out the radius 3.984 right remember that's the inside radius that's the outside radius that's given there so have to subtract the 16 millimeters off of that then the wall thickness was just 16 millimeters so get what 37.9 mega Pascal's and then you can check that against the yield stress since this is something that needs to work both stressed and unstressed because the tank's empty and full at different times then you'd probably want to design for the yield stress rather than the ultimate stress like we would with a basketball okay take our next step into remember what we're looking at is a combined loading so far we've got normal or axial stresses that we've looked at that uh that we came up with very early and it's the same type of thing we're looking at here may not use a P there let's that looks too much like the pressure it's a force over some unit area we also just added bending stresses and that was if you remember due to whatever the bending moment was they were a maximum at the farthest away piece of the material with respect to the neutral axis over the moment inertia of the cross section we also had in here shear stresses first was caused by torsion which was the applied torque times the radius of the piece over the polar moment of inertia and then we just had the uh transfer shear stresses that we just added that's the vq over it so we over the term put together those four types of stresses two normal stresses two shear stresses now we're going to look at the possibility of loading such that these things will be combined for example we could have a beam that was loaded in this fashion simply supported like this simply we could possibly be is too many supports and then some kind of load in here what we typically look at is some kind of load like this so we'll put 3.6 kilonewtons there and that'll be it this will be 375 millimeters we'll put 1175 no sorry 1125 millimeters over there nothing new there but remember what we started the term with was axial loading so let's go ahead and throw that into we have not before looked at these two things in combination it turns out it's very very very easy to handle what we get here is what the axial loading that we started with which is just simply this 25 kilonewtons this one happens to be in tension this is the stuff we were doing the first week when we added on this kind of thing oh i'll give you a cross sectional shape and area of the beam of 50 by 75 millimeters so simple rectangular shape and so we figured out back in the first week that the normal stress was the load being carried by a particular cross sectional area and we've got all this for this axial load 25 kilonewtons being held by 55 by 75 square millimeter area that comes out to be 6.75 kilopascals in tension and we have to pay very close attention to whether we're talking about tensile or compressive forces now because in addition to that we also have this bending that we figured out uh just a few weeks ago just before break we were looking at the bending you can figure it out for yourself but this leaves a maximum moment of well we can figure it out i guess yeah the maximum maximum moment comes just just before here and you could you could prove that to yourselves with a quick shear moment diagram if you want comes out to be well it's the the reaction here which is 2.2.7 is the reaction on that side so it's that times the moment on by the time it gets all the way over there which is the full 375 the maximum moment occurs right at the where that load is uh i don't happen to have that number because what we really need then is the stress that that maximum moment causes what is that moment john kill a newton meter that's uh that's causing the bending see well due to the rectangular cross section we know that c is half of the 75 millimeter height which is 37.5 millimeters 0.375 meters and what's i for a rectangular cross section you remember 112 now that's just the bending stress remember that comes out to be uh 21 6 mega pascals because here's the deal with what's going on we've got this beam due to uh under axial loading i mean label this bending we've got the axial loading that puts a stress profile that looks something like this uh it's intention all across the beam and it's well we're looking at the average so it's uniform and that's the 6.75 kilopascals that's just the axial effect alone we have to add to it this bending effect that we've got which looks like this we know that it's linearly distributed about the neutral axis in this case the neutral axis is right down the center and because of the type of bending we've got we've got compression in the top of the beam tension in the bottom what we figure out here remember was the maximum stress now those two effects are happening at the same time on this beam so we need to add those together to get the real effect of the stress on the beam due to the combined loading so that's going to look something like this uh on the top of the beam we have tension stresses combining with compressing stresses so they're going to cancel each other to some measure um we have 6.75 stress and tension on the top half of the beam and subtracting from a maximum of 21.6 on the bottom of the beam so it's going to look something like when i have that number what's uh what's 6.75 minus 21.6 15 something 6.75 and tension and a maximum of 21.6 working compression on the top what so this is we have at the top of the beam we have a compression of 14.2 we'll call 14.9 uh kilopastals so we're essentially subtracting well adding these two uh one constant one linearly distributed so we get a linear distribution of something like this at the bottom of the beam we're adding the 6.75 in tension with the 21.6 in tension at the bottom of the beam so that should be 28.3 what i think we think the arrows in the wrong direction well depends on how you draw this this this i show going in as compression would it's going from outside the solid inside so that's compression it's an mpa mega pascal oh mega pascal no but the other ones in kta so the difference is like no which one's which 21.6 is mega pascal isn't this as well no that's gone i have i have i have this is actually mega pascals and i have the right kilopastals this is mega pascals yeah so we're still we're still adding them let's fix that kilopastals there and i had the written down the other one this is mega pascals all right and so that's mega pascals there as well but we have a lot less of it in a lot less compression and a lot more of it in a lot more tension and notice that the neutral axis has shifted to because of this combined load now and so now our maximum normal stress is this 28.3 at the bottom which neither one of them approached independently but it's as simple as that as simple as adding the stresses together nothing more than a a superposition of the the stresses that we're calculating so i'll set up a problem and we'll get started and we'll finish it very quickly on um monday so imagine we have a bracket fastened to a wall here folded through and there's some kind of uh some kind i don't know what it would be called some kind of thing over there to which we attach a 250 pound load and this slope there is three by four so some of the other dimensions i have to mention there's one and a quarter that's from the bottom up to the top part of the bracket because we want to look at the stresses in the bracket at two places we want to look at it in one place right here and one place right below that so one place in the middle we'll call a and one place right at the bottom that we'll call b so is it an effect we're looking at one place up here in the middle to see what the stress is and we're also looking at one place at the bottom so up to that middle pleat piece it's uh one and a quarter it's two inches from the load over to those places and the cross section of the the piece looks like this it's a half an inch high and three quarters of an inch deep we're looking at the half inch cross section here so what we're going to get is some axial force through the horizontal component of this that's trying to pull this bracket uh in an x direction if you will then we also have some bending component due to both of those components both the horizontal component is trying to bend it one way the vertical component is trying to bend it the other way whichever one of those is dominant tells us which direction the bending is there but we need to add that stress to the to the axial stress that we're also feeling so let me give you some of the things just to help you through this what we call the section properties which are those pieces of the geometry that we will need for the calculation of each of these we'll need the cross sectional area of course that's uh 0.375 inches squared we also need the moment of inertia the 112 bh cubed because it's nice rectangular cross section that's 0078125 inches to the fourth 0078125 and then there's also shear going on for both of these so we're going to need q and we're going to need it from both points now if you look at the cross section the neutral axis of course is right through the center and so the q four point a which is right in the middle is this entire area above there and you calculate this and double check it remember it's just y bar a is 0 234 375 0 234 375 we'll carry a lot of significant figures through tell the end just because some of these numbers are very very small but you need some of the detail until the end now q b is a little bit different remember b is at the very bottom of the piece so what is q for that remember this q is based upon the area beyond the point of interest away from the neutral axis and there is no area beyond the neutral axis we are at the extreme point so that is zero for point b because it is on the outer most bit of material don't think that we always do the area above the neutral axis because that implies that this has something to do with gravity itself which it doesn't it has to do with where the forces are and where the points of interest are that we're concerned with so we'll have axial stress combined with the bending stress and then we'll also have shear due to the the transverse component of the shear on either point so we'll finish that up on uh on uh Monday


Hello and welcome to Rehab at Home from Madel. In this series we will show you some simple activities you can do at home to help your child with their listening and speaking. Today we're going to see Mia and her mum singing some simple songs and rhymes. Songs and rhymes are a fun way to encourage your child's listening and spoken language development. Let's hear their songs. Twinkle, twinkle, little star I fell down before so high Like a diamond in the sky Twinkle, twinkle, little star How I wonder what you are When shall we be back to One for the master, one for the king One for the little boy with the sound of rain Thank you, said the master, thank you, said the day Thank you, said the little boy with the sound of rain I'll sing the song, song and rhyme And so I'm surprised I could not talk about the games. As you can see songs give children practice listening to and using new sounds and words and more complex sentence structures over and over again in an engaging way. Songs that you can add actions or toys to will give your child another way to show understanding even if they're not yet speaking. Build rhymes and songs into your daily routine to encourage their listening and language development. Thanks for watching and don't forget to subscribe to the Med-El blog to get all of the latest Rehab at Home videos straight to your inbox.


Hello. Thanks for coming to our lightning talk. My name is Elvin. I'm a software developer for IBM. I work on the Bluemix private cloud team. And here's Nithya. Hey, I'm Nithya. And I work with Elvin in the same Bluemix private cloud team. Today, we'll talk about Kiesel and Kiesel in Federation. We'll compare it to the other types of identity federation. The use case, how it works. We'll briefly talk about how to set it up in a high-level overview, how to use it. And then I'll demo the small blueprint I worked on to enable Kiesel and Kiesel in Federation on Horizon. So here we go. OK, so let's first compare Kiesel and Kiesel with the other two federations we worked in at IBM. So we worked with OpenID Connect and SAML. And for that, we used a third-party provider for identity management. So you bring your cloud and you want to federate with some other identity provider. But in the case of Keystone to Keystone, usually it's you have two OpenStack clouds, but you want to use one Keystone as your identity provider and another one as your service provider. So that's the difference. You don't bring a third-party identity provider into it. And also, the first two use WebSSO. But Keystone to Keystone uses SAML ECP in the back end, which Elvin will touch upon in a few minutes. So yeah, like I said, you have two OpenStack clouds, one Keystone A is your identity provider and Keystone B is your service provider. So identity providers where all your users will be stored, all the information will be stored. And the second OpenStack cloud will authenticate using the first Keystone. And it uses the same horizon. So it's just switching between them with a dropdown box. So now Elvin is going to explain how it works. So we have multiple Keystones. We designate one as the identity provider. That's where your users live. And the other Keystones as service providers, and we establish trust. And the way we authenticate these federated users is through the Keystone off-plugin. It uses SAML ECP in the background. So what the plugin does is it uses the users already, validated token, and gives it to the identity provider. And then that identity provider Keystone will give back in a SAML assertion. And then the off-plugin will then give that SAML assertion, which contains the attributes about that user, which contains the OpenStack attributes, and provide it to the service provider Keystone. And the service provider Keystone will look at these attributes since there's trust built up between the identity provider service provider. The service provider Keystone will trust that these attributes are correct because they're from the identity provider, and then authenticate the user based on that assertion. Now I'll talk about how it works on Horizon. So if you wanted to look up the blueprint, there it is. So it's not the same as Web SSO. You don't get redirected. The browser doesn't get redirected. What happens is in the back end, there's an off-plugin that Horizon uses, which uses SAML ECP. That's Enhanced Client or Proxy. So when you log in, Horizon initially connects to any provider Keystone, which is the normal authentication flow. But now we get a dropdown where we can switch between the Keystone providers. And so here's a little flow I made. So the user logs in the Horizon normal flow. Horizon goes to Keystone and gets the user info object. And in this user info object, we also get a list of service providers. And then we also get an unscope token. And this unscope token is kept in the user session. And so if there's a list of registered service providers that Keystone knows, what the user will see once authenticated is that user will be logged in and you'll see dropdowns. So that's what it looks like, that dropdown. And then once you click and try to switch the service providers, so Horizon will talk to Keystone, get that SAML assertion, provide that unscope token that we kept in the session, and then Keystone will give back that SAML assertion, give it to the service provider, and then based on what mapping we did on the service provider, we can be logged in in the service provider with a particular user. Well, we'll talk about the mappings later. And then the user is basically logged into Keystone B and can access whatever resources that Keystone B protects. All right. So I'll briefly talk about how we set this up. So I made, if someone wants to set up a vagrant leak, I made this GitHub little project. What it does is it sets up two dev stacks and sets up Keystone and Keystone Federation automatically. And then I'll talk about the basic steps. There's three basic steps. You set up Keystone A as an identity provider. Step two is set up Keystone B as a service provider. Step three is create mappings. So I'll go over it at a high level over here. So when you make Keystone a identity provider, you edit the identity provider variables in Keystone.conf, then you generate a metadata file, and then you set Keystone.conf to look at this metadata file. And then this metadata file contains metadata information about Keystone being a identity provider, which will be used by the service provider later on. And then you need to register a list of service providers using this command, Keystone. Step two is we set up Keystone B as a service provider. And with that, we use the help of Shibboleth. So we set up Shibboleth. It helps us do the SAML, help reduce SAML assertions. And then we configure Keystone. We set up a federated authentication method. We set up the remote ID.  Shibboleth understands the SAML assertion and then passes it to Keystone. And after that, we register the identity provider and with that command. No, I'll pass it to you first. So after we create the identity provider, you can create the groups and the projects like we usually do in Keystone. And then we have to create a mapping to know what permissions this user has and stuff like that. So we'll talk about how the mapping rules are created in a bit. But after you create the mapping, you have to create a protocol that ties all of this together. So the identity provider you created before, then you specify the protocol name and the mapping you just created. So to create a mapping, the SAML assertion will contain the attributes on the right. So the OpenStack user, the roles, project, user domain, and project domain. And mapping is similar to how we do it in other federations as well. But over here, since everything is stored in the first Keystone, the identity provider Keystone, usually it's stored as the username at vagrant service provider to differentiate them. So when you use the remote attribute OpenStack user, you'll have to use the username as this so then it can verify. And also there is no remote attributes for group, so that's something we should work on later. But yeah, this is how the mapping is created. OK, and then to use it, you can use a Keystone off plugin. There's a sample on the next page. Or you can use Horizon for Horizon. As long as you register the service providers on the Keystone, Horizon should dynamically get it back and you should see it. So there shouldn't be anything really you need to do for Horizon. And you can also use a CLI. I haven't confirmed it. I didn't confirm if there's a CLI used, but I think there is because there's a SAML ECP plugin for the OpenStack CLI. So this is the example code for the Keystone off plugin that I took from the documentation up there. So you pass it, a already authenticated plugin, and then you get an authenticated session. OK, so quick demo, quick demo, this big again. So this is the service provider. I'm just showing you the mapping. Here we have a user called another demo user. And then I'm going to switch to any provider and show you how it works by using this user. Here. So here I'm logging in as another demo user. Hold on, what's the password? And up here, here's the list of Keystone providers. The local Keystone, that's the identity provider Keystone. And Vagan Service Provider is the service provider Keystone. And then so I just click on it, and OK, there it works. And then as you can see in the mapping, now the user is another demo user. And this is that Vagan Service Writer, which we put in the mapping in here. So if the user doesn't have access based on the mapping, then it'll just say you can't log in failed. And that's the demo. Does anyone have any questions? But I think we're done. But we'll be in the back if you need questions. Thank you very much.


Welcome to News Desk on SiliconANGLE TV for Tuesday, October 9th, 2012. I'm Kristen Folletti. The Wall Street Journal says Silicon Valley is in a stock funk with employees at Facebook, Groupon, Zynga, and Pandora losing 9 billion between them since they went public. Also, AMD and CalZeta have made announcements that could be making Intel nervous. Joining us to give his a breaking analysis on these stories is Wikibon chief analyst Dave Vellante. Welcome, Dave. Thank you, Kristen. So, it's not like these companies are unknown, Facebook, Zynga, Groupon. Most of us have daily interaction with them. You're from the East Coast, but you travel to the valley all the time. What's the Boston perspective on the valley's recent failures? Well, I think, first of all, I want to say it's really bifurcated. I mean, there are still some really good examples of successes and we'll talk about them considering things like Facebook and Zynga, quote unquote, failure, sort of tongue in cheek. But the fact is that they've not performed as well as people had hoped. And I think that the East Coast perspective is that, frankly, Facebook got greedy. And what happened was it overpriced its IPO. We feel as though that Facebook could have provided a big lift for all technology companies and public stocks. And what happened was it really did overpriced the IPO, and that, I think, left a bad taste in a lot of investors' mouths. On the flip side of that, you've got companies like LinkedIn, and to me, that's a big data play. LinkedIn is doing very well. It's growing nicely, and you can contrast that with a lot of the guys struggling to monetize social media, in particular Facebook and even Twitter, trying to figure out ways in which it can leverage its massive user base. One, on the other hand, was very patient and is now using big data, things like LinkedIn Skills driving its subscription model. So there are still some examples, some very good examples of successes. And I think, in general, they relate to the data. So Facebook's failure versus LinkedIn's success. Is there anything Facebook and Zynga and the others can do to turn it around? Yeah, again, I think it comes back to we are in the early innings of the big data era. LinkedIn understands this very well. Now, companies like Zynga and Facebook certainly have a number of data scientists. I think they're clearly looking at how to get leverage out of that data. But the user experience is different from LinkedIn. I mean, LinkedIn has got a very clear pipeline to people that want the data and are willing to pay for it via subscriptions. It's certainly driving its advertising model. So it's got, I think, a more diversified portfolio right now. And as I said earlier, the expectations on LinkedIn were lower. So I think the combination of lowering expectations and providing a more diversified offering for its user base are really what companies like Facebook and Zynga need to do. On the server side of things in Silicon Valley, AMD announced a record-breaking performance using AMD-based HP ProLiant Gen 8 servers. Dave, tell us about this and why it's such a milestone for AMD. So HP is the leading server manufacturer. And so anytime that AMD can link up and superglue itself to a leader like HP, that's a win. HP with Gen 8 is really attacking the management problems. What Gen 8 does is it automates a lot of the mundane tasks around maintenance. If you look at the data, around two thirds of the spending in the server market goes toward people. And so HP is attacking that with Gen 8 very high degrees of automation. What AMD is doing is providing a very high performance solution. This is an arms race. It's a game of leapfrog between Intel and AMD. And HP will certainly endorse whichever company is going to give it the leading performance. It just happens to be Intel or AMD right now in the benchmark game. Intel will certainly catch up and when it makes an announcement, I'm sure HP will support that. So HP will dual source its microprocessors for Gen 8 as will most companies. And so right now AMD is flexing its muscles and using its marketing to put forth the fact that they have top gun performance. And I think that's a very positive thing for consumers. You've got second source, you've got competition and prices go down. Tell us about the power of Gen 8 and why they're called self-sufficient servers. So as I said earlier, the big problem with servers right now is labor costs. We live in a very intensive, a labor intensive IT environment, which is ironic because computers are supposed to automate manual tasks, but still things like figuring out what maintenance contracts are where in the cycle and who has the right to maintenance and how old the servers are. All this mundane data that one has to previously manually collect. What HP has done with Gen 8 is it's automated that really to try to attack that IT labor problem. I think it's an innovative approach to server management and it really does attack the heart of the problem, which is labor management. And basically by doing this, it allows organizations to redeploy people assets to do more strategic activities. So I think Gen 8 is a great future. Is Gen 8 that amazing of a product that AMD would center an entire announcement around it? Well, it's amazing from the standpoint of HP as a leader and AMD is in a dogfight with Intel and the Enterprise. And so AMD is clutching on to any football that it can get. And as I said before, right now it's got top-gun performance. And so it's going to market that. And HP is more than happy to accommodate because HP gets the halo effect of people talking about Gen 8. And also again, anytime a core server product can run faster, the server vendor will take advantage of that. So when we're covering the HP Moonshot announcement, Calzada, ARM and AMD were present during the announcement and came on our broadcast that day, today's news seems to signal a strengthening of these ties. What does this mean when HP is moving away from Intel in their product suite? Well, I think there are two things going on here. As I said before, HP is the leader in servers. And it's attacking the two biggest problems that customers have with regard to costs. One we mentioned before, which is the labor cost. The second is power. So if you look at the total cost of servers over a three to four-year period, about 20% of that cost is going to be power and cooling and energy distribution, things unrelated to the IT equipment itself. It's powering the IT equipment and cooling the IT equipment, as you say, about 20%. So what HP is doing with Calzada is really trying to attack that problem for new and emerging applications, like big data, like serving up web pages. If you think about these applications, they don't need an Intel x86 big mother computing platform that's maybe water cooled. What it really needs is very low power. Five watts or less of distributed computing power. And if you think about the nature of big data, the data stays where it is in a distributed fashion and you bring code to the data. What that means is new types of processing are adequate and even desirable, especially when you look at how much power is consumed. So I think this is more HP being opportunistic in a new area, trying to maintain its lead in servers rather than going away from Intel. Now, of course, Intel has its own low power servers called Adam, but they're behind ARM and ARM is what Calzada uses and bases its system on top of. So Calzada has added some enterprise level capabilities and it's a leader in that space. And so HP is trying to demonstrate its innovation. So it's glomming on to this new trend, trying to really drive power down for some of these new emerging big data and web serving applications. There was another announcement today that Calzada has raised $55 million for ARM based servers. Calzada is the third company to switch to ARM based processors in server products, citing energy efficiency as the reason. HP was the first with Moonshot followed by Dell and now Calzada. Do you think this is a trend away from Intel in the industry? Well, I think it's definitely a trend away from x86. Kristen, it all comes down to volume. We've been talking for years about the consumerization of IT, meaning that the consumer market is really driving the innovation in the enterprise. 10, 15 years ago, it used to be the opposite where things would trickle down into the consumer market. Now it's all about smartphones and tablets. That's what's really driving innovation. If you look at the volumes of chips that are shipped, probably about three times as many chips are shipped to smartphones as there are PCs that are shipped. So the volume game is over. The low power mobile systems have won that game. And it's just going to get bigger and bigger from here. So I think from a volume standpoint, there's no question that low power processors are going to really dominate the volume game. And that ties to, again, some of these new applications that we're talking about. Mobile, certainly big data applications. What's innovative about Calzada and what HP is doing with Moonshot is they're bringing that to the enterprise. Again, it's a classic example of the consumerization of IT. What Calzada has done and Calzada's innovation is they've come up with software to be able to communicate across a sea of processors. And be able to manage that effectively. And Calzada is a leader there. You mentioned they've raised $55 million. They're up over $100 million in venture capital now, which is very interesting. Today we love to talk about capital efficient businesses, social media, and other big data applications that don't require a lot of capital equipment to get started. Semiconductors is exactly the opposite. It's a highly capital intensive business. And VCs will still invest in capital intensive businesses. But to win there, you really have to play the volume game. So I think that very clearly the market is shifting to these low power processors. The new applications that are merging really don't require the high single processor performance and the high energy that we've come to know of the x86 system. Well, Dave, thanks so much for your input today. We appreciate you joining us. Thanks for having me on, Kristen. Have a good day. Thank you. For all the latest in-depth coverage and breaking analysis on tech innovation, keep up to date with Newsdesk on SiliconANGLE.tv.


سامير سري My name is Samir Sari. I used to work as a general surgeon in Syria. We had to leave Syria at the end of 2012 because of the war. During the war, it was like a disaster. You can't walk safely. You can't guarantee that you will be back to your home at the end of your work bumping everywhere. You can't live normally as everybody living all over the world. We left Syria at the end of 2012 looking for a better life and we knew that Lebanon was not the end of our life or the end of our career because it was like something we need to move from to the other place where we feel like it's normal life. So this is why we applied to UNHCR to be like refugees and to move to another country. One of the best news I ever had in my life is when UNHCR called me and told me that you will be referred to the Australian Embassy to apply for other refugees or to get a humanitarian visa. We got the visa and that was the best part of my story because I knew that my life will then upside down. I can at least feel safe. I can guarantee my family's future like to live as normal human being. When we arrived to Australia on 9th of August 2016 it was really exciting. I felt that we can sleep well at night, at last. And my daughter will not wake up just worried or like afraid of the pumping all around her. My greatest memory was the day which we enrolled my daughter in school. It was a really great day. The principal, the teacher everybody was helpful and even our everyday life it was a good day. It was a safe day. This is all what we dreamed about.