for Open Educational Resources Sustainability, which is a really important topic that I think we're all very interested to learn more about. And please do put your virtual hands together for any of our presenter today who is here with us. So thank you very much for joining us. Over to you now for the presentation. I will keep an eye on the chat. So please do say hello in the chat and post any questions. Over to you. Okay. Shall I start, Maryam? Yes, please. Okay. Thank you. Thank you so much. Sorry, just I am seeing my screen. I couldn't see your name or your video camera because when I check my desktop. Okay. Thank you for the organizing the OER 23. I had a chance to participate in OER 10 in Cambridge. And now I had a chance to participate as an online in the OER 23. And for also, I would like to thank the organization Comité for accepting our scholarship application. And today I want to give information about our study, which is conducted with my doctoral students and her PhD thesis is a part of her PhD thesis about open education, so sustainability. In my presentation, my agenda like this. Okay. Okay. I have four basic topic is the research background, research purposes, methodology, finding and discussion. And as you know, UNESCO in its action plan for 2030 emphasize the increased access opportunities and should be supported by the needs to improve the quality and currents of the education and training and its declaration. And also, Okay. In another report of the UNESCO, again, it's calls on education institution provide equity, quality, inclusive and accessible resources for all in their own context in their 2021 report. And also, as you all know, the United Nation in 2015 announced the sustainable development calls and the quality education to provide inclusive and equitable quality education and to promote lifelong learning opportunities for all is intended in this sustainable development calls. There are 17 dimension in here, and especially the quality of the education is related to our topic. And the key concept emphasized by international, the well-known international institution in the call is point the OER, open educational resources. And as you know, OER has many advantages, especially it play a critical role in the emergency business education process. And these are the key concept emphasize the accessibility, the quality, quality education and lifelong learning are the key concept emphasized by the international institution. And so OER is an important in their international institution the highlighted point has OER has many potential. Although OER has a potential or first solution for this calls, but we know from the literature and from practice, OER has a and sustaining the problem. And sustainability, it has a face sustaining the problems especially in the long-term viability is problematic. And we need successful models to support and creation and the publication of the OERs. And most of the initiatives do not continue. So it is a sustainability. We can say it's a chronicle problem for OER initiatives. So from this, we thought that in our research study we should focus on the sustainability. And as why they define the OER sustainability as the continuation of the capabilities or strengths of OER projects to achieve their goals. And it has a two-dimension OER sustainability. The first dimension is the production and sharing of the content. The second one is the users content use and rails. So we also, we also the focus on the OER sustainability in this two-dimension. So in our, the big research, we have a three research question. And the first research question is related with the factors affecting sustainability. And we determined those factors from the systematic literature. And the second one, especially in this presentation is related with this second one. What strategies can ensure the sustainability of the OER source in higher education? And the third one, and how are these strategies developed for the sustainability of the OER in higher education reflected in the practice? So our focus in this presentation is the second research question. And just I want to give it basic information about the OER into Turkey in the methodology part. In Turkey, open education resource have three different open education resource attempts. The first one is the nationwide OER project. The second one is the institution-based OER projects and initiatives. And the third one is the individual attempts. For instance, the nationwide OER projects, as you can see, we have a Turkish academic of science. And it starts and this one, the oldest one, it's about 2009 or 10. We have a different kind of courses in this nationwide OER project. Some of the courses are translated from the MIT courses. Some of the courses are originally produced in the Turkey. So although we have this kind of platform in a nationwide and supported by the Turkish academic side, but it doesn't continue. Okay, we can access the course materials, but there's no update in this nationwide initiatives, OER initiatives. Another initiative in Turkey is the scientific and developed by the scientific and technological research council of the Turkey. So in this project, to be taxed, call for projects for the open education and resources. But unfortunately, after the first call, there is no other call about this program. And it's not continue. And we don't know about the first call projects results. So this project also doesn't continue. Another nationwide project is the your course platform we call as a Council of Higher Education in Turkey. During the COVID pandemic process, the Council of Higher Education opened all of the course materials of the open education faculty in Turkey. We have a full open education faculty in Turkey. And as you know, Anatolian University, Istanbul University and Atatürk University and Ankara University. And I am in the Atatürk University and we conduct the research in the context of Atatürk University. And okay, during the pandemic, this course portal or your platform is work a lot. But after that, some of the resources are not accessible now and it's not updateable. So it's not continue anymore. And we have some institution-based or your initiatives and Middle Technical University, the University, Ankara University and Atatürk University also it their own platform. And some kind of, beside this some kind of institutional or individual attempts about the open education research in Turkey. So I just, I want to give my, a little bit about the, my university context as you can see Scotland and the Turkey. And here is the northeast part of the Turkey and the Atatürk University is located and it was founded in 1957. And here is our university and this university is one of the biggest university in Turkey. Especially it has a really wide campus area about eight million school mentors. And also just I want to give us some kind of advertisement about our city. And here is the very famous Palandekan mountain and you can, it's the quality of the snow and stiffness of the slope and length of the trail and the best mountain for seeking. And also I want to make a such kind of advertising of my city. And it's very easy to reach this mountain and in five minutes you can reach from the university. And this is the just basic information. Okay, let's turn to the research. And in Atatürk University, we have a 20, 71, sorry, 71,000 on-campus students. And we have also 425,000 students and 100,000 students in open education faculty. And in research context in Atatürk University, we have different kind of over here initiatives. But basically in this research, we focused on academics, it's a MOOC platform of Atatürk University and open course wave platform of Atatürk University. And we have also three other initiatives, but it's very early stage now. One of them is the open book platform and open exhibition, e-exhibition, e-book and open scientific articles initiatives. Also we have three of them. So when it comes to the methodology of our research, we use a design-based research. And in this research, as you can see, we have a three cycle. In the first cycle, after it's completed, we create some kind of strategies or your sustainability strategies. And after that, we implement those strategies and some of them we can implement and some of them we couldn't. And also we again develop strategies and implement strategies. And finally we look at the reflection of those strategies. And here, we have a different kind of resources. And we analyzed the other OER platforms such as Coursera, edX, Udemy, FutureLearn and other open course platform, John Hopkinson, MIT, Yale. And this kind of platform, we also analyze to try to create strategies for the OER implementation. Also, we have a document review and we review more than 100 literally about the strategies. And also we have a strategy team. And it's the sixth person in the strategy team. And all team members are working at Atatürk University and they know the university. And also they have an expertise on the open education resource. Some of them has a publication, some of them conduct their thesis study about the open education resource. And also we have an installation team. This team consists of the expert who designed and initially initiated this OER initiative in Atatürk University. And as you can see, we have a different kind of sources for the research. So when it comes to our results, as you can see, this is the result of our first research question. I don't want to go into these details, but as you can see, we try to create the OER sustainability framework by looking at the factors affecting the OER sustainability. And aligned with these factors, we try to develop the OER sustainability strategies. And the research question too, and here is the answer of research question too. And we have institutional and platform related and also course related OER strategies. I would like, I don't want to go into detail each of them, but just I select some of them and I highlight it. And the first one, the first strategy I would like to mention about it is to create a plan for the course publication process. Before our study, there is no course publication process for the MOOC platform of the Atatürk University. So we define the this process step by step and it has a five step as you can see. And this is the one of the strategy we apply. Another strategy, we have a different initiatives in our universities or your initiatives. So we collect all of the and gather all of your initiatives in a single platform. And as you can see, we have an open course where and MOOC platform, open scientific article platform, e-book and e-exhibition. And we all collected and come together to all OER initiatives in a single platform to make it more visible and more sustainable. And another, our strategy was to increase the variety of the courses. To do this, we collaborated with different kind of, different units of our university. And in one of the faculty, management faculty, we collaborated with them and we created courses, KPSS courses, and the KPSS in Turkey is a central examination used for determining the people who will be assigned as a civil servants for the first time in the government. So this course is very important after we put those course resources or a MOOC platform. And as you can see, there was a very, especially user size, there was a number of user visited the MOOC platform. So as you remember, the second part of the sustainability which was the use of resources, it has some effect of those usage. And another strategy is, another one is the small strategy, although it's a small strategy, but I think it's especially important for the concern of the instructor. We established a notification mechanism for the copyright infringement. It's really small steps, but I think it works. This is the notification mechanism for copyright infringement we integrated in our courses. Because most of the instructor has concern about copyright infringement. So when they kind of concern, we say to them, okay, don't worry about it. If you have copyright problem, if user reported us, we will let you know and you will clear this kind of copyright problem. And this kind of small but important mechanism make the instructor feel safe about the publishing their courses. Also, we thought that this also increase or as an effect of the sustainability. And also another sustainability strategy is the we add an instruction participation form. As you can see here, we add some kind of a link in here and other instructor or other expert who are willing to publish their courses in our platform, they can contact. Before that, there is no this kind of mechanism. And lastly, we plan to share digital activities carried on by the different units at the university as a OER. So in our universities, as you know, as you can see from the number, we have a very big university. So there are many kind of activities going on. So in this strategy, we aim to, for instance, record the conference workshops and this kind of or seminars, webinars and to be aimed to organize and put all those resources in the OER platform of our university. Okay, as I said before, some of them we can apply some of the strategies and some of the strategies we could not. For instance, the last strategy, we couldn't apply because as you can see, which one is established, no, I don't remember. Yes, this one, lack of cooperation between the units and lack of OER team and COFRA issues, we couldn't apply, for instance, these strategies. But we also use and apply some strategies, some of them verbs and some of them we couldn't apply or although we apply, we couldn't see the results or couldn't make a significant contribution to sustainability. And in our short research question, which is not related with this presentation but is not focused but is related with this presentation, we also find some kind of evidence of this reflection, section of the OER sustainability strategies to sustainability. And here was the list of our OER sustainability strategy and the reflection of our study or sustainability. Okay, this is the end of my presentation. Thank you for listening me and I would like to close my presentation with the very good expression from the UNISENDE. He's the scholar of the, in the Turkey. He says, whatever you share is truly yours, not the one you say for yourself. And thank you for listening me. And if you have a question, I would be happy to answer it. Okay, just, I'm so excited. Fantastic, thank you very much. That's amazing and perfectly on time as well, which we really appreciate. There is, I think definitely a few minutes now to answer any questions. So please do put in the chat. We've had some really nice comments here as well, Paul saying, hello, Petrina says, looks beautiful. So that's great. Please do type your questions in the chat. And I might start us off with a question while everybody's typing. My question was really, what is your next step? Where are you hoping to take it next? Our next step is to make it this research study as an international, international perspectives. We have a plan to work with the Korea as an open education in the Oldenburg. Maybe, you know, Professor Olaf, we have some kind of connection with him. And we want to make it this project to next step as an international project. Fantastic, well, that sounds really intriguing. And I can see the participants in the room from lots of different places in the world. So hopefully there's some interest in maybe potential dissemination or collaboration. Are there any other questions before we finish? I think we have just two minutes left. So please do post any questions. We'll just wait here. Okay, Daniel also has a message and he says in Turkish, which means very good. And thank you, Danielio. Excellent, oh, fantastic. Did you want to add anything else? Anything else you wanted to mention more about? As I say, we still have a moment before we finish. Okay, in Turkey now, we are in Ramallah. I'm sorry because my mouth is dry now. And so we are fasting today and we are supposed to open our prayers then. And so thank you very much for organizing this fantastic event and also accepting our scholarship request and open up your doors to present our studies. Thank you so much. Oh, my pleasure. And from everybody here at OER 23, thank you for contributing to the conference and to everybody in the room. Thank you so much for joining the session. I hope you enjoyed this really interesting presentation. The recording of the session will be made available later on. So if you want to revisit, you can. And also please head over to the social channel on Discord to continue the conversation. And also if you want to share any slides or further interact, then please do. But for now, I'm going to say thank you again from everybody here at OER 23 and hopefully see you online for further sessions. Okay. See you.


Okay, wonderful people welcome back. I hope you had a good break. We've got some coffee and chai Great, let's go on. Let's continue from where we left The session will continue addressing some important questions, you know regarding healing and deliverance a very common questions that we tend to have Okay, so one classic question I'm not sure if you've heard of it, but I have heard of you know people asking me this question In fact that even I have asked this question is Since God is sovereign You know why won't he just? You know It's like Lord. There are so many unbelievers on earth.  Have you asked that question or is it just me? Okay, I guess it's just me but Right so since God is sovereign, won't he just heal people if and whenever he wants to Okay, so what do you understand by the word sovereign? So I've been mutilated Okay Sorry, someone said something all powerful all powerful. Yeah so Rain the second half of that word is rain are e I G and isn't it? I hope I spelt it right But so rain is what you are ruling. Okay, soft means single So we are saying single rain, that's what sovereign means, okay Single rain You are the king of all kings. His kingdom will have no end We say that isn't it God's kingdom will have no end. That means Single rain authority. So when we say that God is sovereign We actually we are saying like, you know, what was shared that he is all powerful He there is no end to his rain Okay, and so we understand that and it is from that place we ask, okay, Lord We understand that you are sovereign. Why can't you just show up and heal everybody? right and And that question the answer to that question is kind of we will address that in three different parts as mentioned in your notes Okay, I'm going to be just Going reading from the notes that we have so that we are all on the same page. Okay We will address this question in three parts one is the sovereignty of God and the responsibility of man second one the sovereignty of God and the exercise of faith and Thirdly we walk by the truth that has been revealed and search out what is unknown Okay, so the first one is the sovereignty of God and the responsibility of man Again, we are going back to those the word called commission co-partner co-mission right that something about God who Who doesn't have to partner with us? Why because he's sovereign. Yes or no He doesn't have to pick out a person called Noah He doesn't have to he didn't have to pick up a person called Abraham Right Abraham and God are having this dialogue Abraham is standing in the gap for the people of Sodom and Gomorrah Lord if there are 10 people will you spare this and there's a dialogue that is happening It is but just in that case the dialogue is between divinity and humanity It's like a conversation between an adult and a young child isn't I don't have to explain myself is like No But but God enjoys that he loves to have that dialogue with his children Isn't it and think about another instance where God is having the dialogue with Moses You know and saying God is saying these are stiff neck people I'm not going to come with you and Moses is having this conversation You know if you don't come we will not go ahead and by the way, they are not my people They are your people. I didn't deliver them you deliver them You know, it's it's so wonderful that he Inviting us into this partnership with him even though he doesn't have to He takes great joy in doing his work with you With us Does anybody feel honored by that? I feel immensely honored that he would invite me Into partner with him when he doesn't have to Right and so that's what the first point is all about is the sovereignty of God and the Responsibility of man that means there is a responsibility that we've been given to us Some hundred and fifteen verse three and verse sixteen verse three is my favorite verse Okay, some hundred and fifteen verse three. It's like it's an answer to a lot of questions when I don't know the answer Some hundred and fifteen verse three says but our God is in heaven. He does whatever he pleases Yeah, okay our God is in heaven. He does whatever he pleases Yeah You know when you don't have an answer to any question like he's in heaven.  Hey, he's God. He'll do whatever. He you know pleases Think about it, verse 16 it says, the heaven, even the heavens are the Lord's but the earth He has given to the children of men. He's given it to us, that means you remember this command in Genesis chapter 1 where it says be fruitful and multiply, that we have taken it very seriously. Yes, Lord, thumbs up, be fruitful and multiply in thus. But again, we call it as selective listening. You will only listen what you want to hear and leave out the rest. In that command he goes on to say that have dominion. That means you have the responsibility, I have given you authority to reign over the creation. Are you with me? And so he's given us this command. He said, the earth I have given it to you. You reign over it. It's your responsibility. And so God even in His sovereignty, He did not interfere when Adam and Eve were about to partake in the fruit. He could have, isn't it or not? He could have prevented from everything that happened.  I'm going to step in right now and stop you from me. No, He did not do that, although He could have. You understand the power of this responsibility He's been given to us? Yes or no? I mean, this is a classic example of a house owner and a tenant.  So Joseph is, I keep using Joseph as an example because he's sitting right in front of me. Joseph is the house owner. I want to rent your house. It's like, okay, sure, no problem. So as a tenant, it is my responsibility to close the door at night. It is my responsibility as a tenant because I'm living in that house to clean the house, to vacuum, to mop the floor, to dust the fans. It is my responsibility as a tenant. Now, just because I don't clean, I don't keep my house clean. I forgot to close the door in the night because of which a thief came and robbed all my belongings and went, am I going to blame Joseph? Or is it right for me to blame Joseph? Hey, Joseph, owner, it's your house. Why you didn't do anything? Why you didn't come and clean my fan? Yes or no? Although the owner has a certain power, authority, right? But then there's a certain responsibility that has been given to the tenant. Isn't it? Yes or no? Okay. Now, there are so many accidents that happen on the highways of India, all over the world. Yes or no? But do you still have to drive carefully and responsibly? Yeah, you can't drink alcohol and then choose to drive and then blame the minister of transport.  I did that when I failed in Hindi. But you see, there's an element of responsibility that we have to take as people of God, isn't it? So he is sovereign, but we take responsibility with him. We co-partner with him. That's why we say yes to his call, isn't it? Right? Let's move on. And the second point it talks about is the sovereignty of God and the exercise of faith. Now, while we are being responsible, while taking responsibility, it is also an expression of faith when you minister healing and deliverance, you are taking the step of faith. Why? Because you are not the healer. Right? I am not the healer. I'm just a vessel or tool that is like, yes, Lord, I want, I'm willing to co-partner with you. I'm willing to, you know, be on this mission with you. So let me be the vessel.  What is that? That is an expression of faith. Are you following? There's a chapter much later, like I just said, everything that applies to minister healing and deliverance, the same things apply to receive healing and deliverance. Okay? It's as important, but we'll get to that much later. So sovereignty of God and exercise of faith. And then we walk by truth that has been revealed and search out what is unknown. Deuteronomy chapter 29 verse 29. Deuteronomy chapter 29 verse 29 says, the secret things belong to the Lord our God, but those things which are revealed belong to us and our children forever, that we may dwell, that we may do all the words of this law. Okay? The secret things belongs to the Lord. In Proverbs 25 verse 2 it says, it is the glory of God to conceal a matter, but the glory of kings is to search out a matter. That's such a beautiful verse. It is the glory of God to conceal a matter, but the glory of kings is to search out a matter. That means again, this is God inviting us to play hide-and-seek with him. Has anyone played hide-and-seek with kids? Yes? I mean, you can be very mean to the kids and completely hide yourself, or if you're playing hide-and-seek or peek-a-boo, with children or with babies, you will hide in a way that they can see you. Isn't it? Okay, go hide behind this pillow and it's very easy for them to see that they can look at you. So it's that God has not hidden things from us. He has hidden things for us. I'll say that again. God has not hidden things from us. He has hidden for us. That means he wants us to come into this game and play, to search, to go after him, to pursue him, to seek that intimate relationship with him. He's like, hey, come, draw near to me, and I will draw near to you. Are you following? He wants us to go on this journey to search, to pursue him, his presence. Hence this point that says, we walk by truth that has been revealed. What has been revealed to us? We know Jesus is our healer. We know it is God's will to heal everyone. We know the crosses for everyone. We know the basis of this. It is God's nature to heal everyone. Yes or no? Holy Spirit has been given to us. Jesus said, it is better for me that I go away so that the helper will come. Why is all of that? All of that has been revealed to us, isn't it? In the Word of God. Yes or no? Yes. And so we function based on the truth that has been revealed to us and then continue to search out what is unknown for his wisdom. Like Proverbs 25 verse 2 says, it is the glory of God to conceal a matter but the glory of the kings is to search out a matter. Yeah? Okay, let's move on. I hope everybody is doing all right. So going to this next question, why doesn't everyone get healed? Why doesn't everyone get healed? Now as ministers, we have to be very quick to admit that everyone we pray for doesn't get healed. Yes or no? Everyone that I have prayed for has not gotten healed. And so we very quickly admit that, yes, everyone that I have prayed for has not gotten healed. But what should be your response to that? I mean, what should be your response to that? I mean, there could be a lot of reasons why people don't get healed. But what should your response be? Should your response be that, okay, I prayed for 10 people, so I'm going to stop praying. Is that going to be our response? No, so you're sure. Everybody that you pray for, minister healing and deliverance for may not get healed. But that's the reality and we admit to that. We are not going to fabricate things as like, I'm not going to go on a church pulpit and say, I prayed for 10 people, all 10, if it really happened, great. I prayed for 10 people, all 10 of them were healed. But I'm not going to go on the pulpit and lie. I prayed for 10 people. When no one got healed, I'm not going to go and say for 10, all of them were. What's happening? I am fabricating, isn't it? And so it's okay as ministers of God, as leaders, as pastors, as elders, to admit that not everybody, every time we pray for is getting healed. But that should not stop us from continuing to minister healing and deliverance. Are you with me? Right? And we do not compromise the truth. And we don't compromise the truth. That means it's simply saying that you don't change your understanding of God. Just because everyone that you prayed for did not get healed. Like then you don't, from the next Sunday, you don't start changing, okay, Jesus is, it's not His will to heal everyone. I don't think so. What I said last Sunday was different. You know, this Sunday I learned something because I prayed for 10 people, nobody got healed. I think there's, you don't change the theology, the doctrine. And who is the perfect theology? Jesus. You don't change the truth. We do not compromise the truth. Okay, you have a question? Yeah, sure, okay. So, as you say, the right thing to do is to continue praying for the other people who would come and the person who you already prayed. Yes. But where would you, how would you actually draw a line or conclude why the healing was not done for XYZ? Sure, why the healing was not done for XYZ. Okay, thanks for that question. So again, if you did not, if this question was not clear, Akhil's question was, where do we draw the line? And when do we, how do we, or when do we arrive at a conclusion saying, both with an answer, why this person was not healed? Now, there's nothing wrong in God's end of the equation. There's nothing wrong in his end of the equation. Right? We know what an equation is, right? A plus B the whole square. That's one side of the equation. Is equal to? Okay, whatever it is. A plus B the whole square is equal to A plus B plus two, something, two AB. That's the other side of the equation, right? God's side of the equation is never wrong. He's accomplished everything what he had to do. He's given us this covenant name. He's a Jehovah Rafa. He's our healer. He's shed his blood on the cross. By his stripes, we are healed. It's all been established, right? It now, it all just comes down to us. Okay, so, you know, I've ministered healing and deliverance. This person did not get healed. I go back into the secret place. I seek the Lord for more of his anointing, for more of his presence to flow through me. I make myself, I invite him. That is it. I continue to work on my end of the equation, right? While understanding with humility that he is the healer, I am the vessel. I work for him. He doesn't work for me. That means he may choose to give an explanation sometimes, but he never owes us an explanation. It's a very important people that we understand that. He doesn't work for us. We work for him. Sometimes he may choose to give us an explanation, saying, okay, the reason that you're going through this is I have something big planned for you. He may choose to give you an explanation, but he never owes us an explanation, right? So where we begin to kind of fall is when we think, as Christians, that God owes us an explanation. So I'm 115 verse 3. He is God. He will choose whatever he pleases, right? So that's like the fundamental thing. I hope that kind of answers your question. So we don't compromise the truth. We simply admit, I don't know why everybody gets healed, but we're going to continue to pursue his presence. Shani, I have a question. Yeah. Is it fair to say because everything has been done, everything we want from God has already been done? Healing was already done across before the foundation of the world. So if we pray for ourselves so we don't get healed, we pray for somebody else to get healed, shouldn't we say that partly it's our kind of fault because we just have to receive it from him. It's already been done. So is that fair to say that that is something dealing with us? Because it's not God because it's already been done. Is that fair to say that? Yes. So it again comes down to us, isn't it? So we learn to receive what's been given. We learn to receive what's been given to us. And that's the journey we are all on. How do we learn to encash this blank check that's been given to us? How do we learn to encash this blank? God's given us this blank check with a signature on it.  I can take that blank check and keep it in the bank locker and lock it. Is there any use of it? No. So I'm going to take the check. Sozo, that means healing, physical healing, this, that everything I'm going to put in it because it's been given to us. And so we continue to express and act on our faith. So yes. Okay, thank you. Okay. Let's continue. So we are kind of in a place where we know that, okay, we simply just because everyone doesn't get healed, that shouldn't stop you from ministering healing and deliverance. Yes. And that shouldn't cause you to change the truth or start preaching something else. Are you with me? Or don't even try to speculate as it says in your notes or simply admit, I don't know why, you know, this didn't happen. But we'll continue to present as a church, as a family, as a friend, as a minister. Let's continue praying for this. Let's seek him, right? Pray through to breakthrough. How's that? We pray through till breakthrough. Okay, if you haven't already listened to the song, please go and listen to the APC Music song, a lot of breakthrough. It's really cool. Okay. This next point is ask God for insight and keep on ministering to the individual, right? Like we've just addressed that. Ask God for insight. What is another word for insight? Wisdom. Wisdom, yes. Another word for wisdom is insight. Another word for insight is wisdom. Okay, so we ask God for wisdom. We can do an entire semester on the topic of wisdom, guys. Actually, that would still not be enough because that is so profound. It's so deep. It's not just knowing how to do a certain thing, right? It's... Proverbs talks about wisdom in such a deep manner, right? It says, with wisdom, God laid the foundations of the earth. With wisdom, he created, you know, the universe that we see. And then we see in Proverbs chapter 8 that wisdom was present. Now, suddenly, wisdom is not just used as a... What do I say? It's something that you can possess. Wisdom in Proverbs 8 is suddenly referring to a person. Wisdom is a person. And in Isaiah chapter 11 and verse 2 onwards, we see that Holy Spirit is the spirit of wisdom. That's one of the things, right? It's the spirit of understanding. It's the spirit of wisdom. It's the spirit of knowledge. It's the spirit of counsel. And suddenly, we see wisdom is not just a thing that you can have. As in, you know, like a skill. It is a person. So when this point says, ask God for insight or for wisdom, it's saying, pursue me. Because it is with me, you know, I have all the answers. Are you all with me? Okay. Yes, any questions? Any thoughts? Are you learning something? So we continue asking God for insight and wisdom. And we continue pursuing His presence. And there's a point that says glorify God and not the condition. Glorify God and not the condition. So we never magnify the sickness. Magnify is what? Making it big. Magnification. Isn't it?  No chance. Stage four or anything, whatever, you know, we do not magnify the sickness. Right. Whatever name that a sickness has, whatever disease a name has, we know a name that is higher. Yes or no? Right. The name of Jesus that is high above every other name. That means His name is higher about any name of any cancer that is ever present. Do we believe that? Do you believe that? Yes, that His name is high above every other name. Right. And so again, if that fundamental truth is deep in our hearts, we will never magnify a sickness. But you will not be impressed by the sickness. You don't have to be. Are you with me? Okay. And another misconception that people have, that Christians will have is that God is using the sickness, you know, to teach us something. God is using the sickness to teach us something like a lesson. Right.  You know, brother, I have this disease in me because I think God is trying to, God is teaching something to me. But that same brother or sister will also go to the doctor and hospital to get better. Now, if you think that God is teaching you something, why do you want to get better? You can allow God to teach you. Why do you want to go to the doctor? You know, no. God will use you in spite of your sickness, not because of it. Can I say that again? God will use you in spite. Now, in spite I might have, for example, like let's say I have chronic migraine. Right. By the way, I do have chronic migraines. So God will use me in spite of that. Are you with me? So look at that section. It's very important. I'll say that I'm just reading it for us. God can use a person in spite of sickness, bodily ailments and any physical problem. However, this does not automatically mean that the condition they are in is in God's best interest for them. God is not using them because of their sickness or ailment. Okay, very important guys. Look at that. God is not using them because of their sickness or ailment. God works in spite of the situation. He is not limited by our limitations. Amen. God is not limited by our limitations. He works because of his purpose and grace given to us in Jesus Christ. Okay, so he will choose to work in spite of our sickness, not because of our sickness. Are you all with me? So we keep pressing him for more. Okay. I'm going to skip. This is the next section that says why are some healings gradual? Why are some healings gradual? I will pair that with the next question as well. Why are some healings partial and not complete? Okay, why are some healings gradual? If you were to ask me that question, we can go through the entire section. What is there in the textbook? But if I have to summarize the entire section, why are some healings gradual and why are some healings partial and not complete? I would say I don't know. That's the summary of the whole section is that I don't know. We don't know why some healings are gradual. But again, it comes down to that question, will you stop ministering healing and deliverance? No. What is our response? We continue pursuing, right? We continue to minister healing and deliverance until we see a complete breakthrough, full healing. You continue to press him. Partial healing or not? You continue to press him. Are you with me? Okay. Warren, I see your hands are raised. Yeah, you know, really we're talking about gradual healing. I think there was one instance in the Bible where Jesus was, you know, for the blind man, he made a, with a spittle, he made something and put it on his eyes. And it wasn't the first time he couldn't see straight away. Little by little, he got complete vision. So, I mean, I think, isn't that something that is even Jesus encountered as well? A gradual healing. Warren, I want to apologize because this speaker is something really off with this. It's breaking. I think there's some technical error, Warren. But do you mind just typing out the question in a brief way if that possible? So sorry, guys. Okay. Apologies. But yeah, I'll wait for you to type out the question. Okay. But yeah, until a warrant type of that question, let's look at that section that says, why are some healings partial and not complete? Okay. Can everybody look at that section, please? Why are some healings partial and not complete? Right. Another thing we may observe when ministering healing is that sometimes people with multiple problems get healed of some conditions and continue to have their ailments persist in their bodies. Okay. So what does that mean? You've prayed for someone, they've been healed partially, but then they continue to have, you know, some issues, some ailments in their bodies. Here again, we will not have all the reasons why complete healing did not occur. That means we don't know. We simply do not know. But we must thank the Lord for every small progress in recovery that we see. Okay. You know, if a person came in a wheelchair, you know, is now able to stand, but not able to fully walk freely or run, because that's the full healing that we're looking for, isn't it? A person came in a wheelchair. We want the person to get up and run and jump and walk and, you know, we want to do that, isn't it? But if a person is able to just stand up from the wheelchair, we give thanks to God. Lord, we thank you for this. And we continue to pray for complete healing. Are you with me? Right? So we keep praising God. We keep pressing in to see complete healing and deliverance. Continue to encourage the individual and not in any way shame or condemn the person. We do not make statements like, okay, I think you are not fully healed because of you. I think there's some pride in you. What are you doing? You are shaming the person.  Right? Nowhere you see where Jesus condemned someone. Yes or no? Okay. All right. Okay. So Matthew, Mark 8 was 20 to 26. Let's go through that. Yes. So let's see the Mark 8 was 20 to 26. Oops. Are you able to see me because my laptop just went blank? All right. Let's read this. Okay. Mark 8 was 22 to 26. A classic example of partial healing. Okay. And they came to Bethsaida and some people brought to him a blind man and begged him to touch him for 23. And he took the blind man by the hand and led him out of the village. And when he had spit on his eyes and laid his hands on him, he asked him, do you see anything? And he looked up and said, I see people, but they looked like trees walking.  And he saw everything clearly. And he sent to his home saying, do not even enter the village. Okay. So yeah, that's a classic example. One of the examples where we see that Jesus prayed twice. Okay. So, yeah, so, and it's fine, isn't it? What we were trying to address in partial healing or gradual healing is that with every step of the way we continue to give thanks to God. We continue to give praise to God, right? Warren, I, yeah, I'm not sure if I've answered your question, but then what I'm trying to say is it's okay. You know, we continue to press in for full healing. Yeah. Okay. Let's go towards the latter part of the chapter. Three heart attitudes that allow God to work miracles. And I'll end with this section and let you guys go through the last part of the chapter, just read through it. Okay. Three heart attitudes that allow God to work miracles. And first one is faith. When ministering to people, we must walk in faith, expectancy and intense desire. We minister healing and deliverance with faith in our hearts. Our unbelief can be a hindrance to the power of God flowing through us. Faith is simple. Faith is what's spelled what? How do you spell faith? I would spell faith as RISK. Risk. Okay. You take that step. You take that risk and praying for people. That's what it is all about, right? We in some of our young people, youth pastor, youth pastor, they take them out. Which we've done before is we take them out. We ask for people in the streets, like, hey, is there anything that we can pray for you? It's a step of faith. It's a huge risk. You just don't know how people will react, isn't it? But it's what we are called to do. We are called to take that step of faith, to take that risk and pray, isn't it? Sometimes we act like the whole healing and deliverance depends on us. It's Jesus. He's the one, again, coming back to the fundamental root thing.  You just allow that to happen. We walk in faith. We minister in faith. At the same time, we also learn to receive in faith. Second one is expectancy. What does that mean? You have an attitude of expectancy. Expecting for it to be answered, yeah. Shani, go ahead. I was going to say you know what's going to happen. Yeah, thank you. Expectant. Have you heard of this word called hope? Hope, yeah, H-O-P-E. And I'm sorry if I've used this before. But in our context, when we use the word hope, it is more of a wishful thinking, okay? In earthly context, hope equals wishful thinking. That means I hope it rains today. I hope it doesn't rain today so that we can play. I hope there's no traffic jam because I have a flight to catch and the airport is so far away. I hope we don't have this class today so I can sleep extra. What is that? It's all wishful thinking, isn't it? But biblical hope is, it simply means, joyful anticipation of what is good. Okay, biblical hope is joyful anticipation, expectation of what is good. Okay, so our hope, when we say our hope is in the Lord, we know that, okay, the end of the story, our hope in Jesus is rock solid. It's not wishful thinking. It's not may or may not. It is 100% certain. Are you with me? And so when we are praying for healing or ministering healing and deliverance, we go with an expectant heart. It's a joyful anticipation of what is good. We put our hope in Him. That means, okay, He may heal, He may not heal. We don't go with that attitude.  I know the power in your word. Just say it. And so we go with that expectation, yes? And then finally, intense desire. It's not just desire but intense desire. That means to have a burning desire for more, okay? We need to have a faith, expectancy and intense desire. Okay, so those are the three hard attitudes that allow God to work miracles. And finally, hindrances to receiving healing. Let's go through those points. Some of the hindrances to receiving healing. We never criticize or condemn or blame or shame the individual when ministering. It's a big no-no. Okay, as a minister of God, as a leader, we never criticize. Say, okay, your sickness is because of this. You don't shame the person. And some of them do that with an intention to put another person down. We don't do that. We remember very carefully that we don't minister and don't work that way. Okay, so some of the hindrances, again, lack of knowledge, lack of faith, considering the ailment as the will of God, lack of persistent desire to get well. Lack of persistent desire to get well. That means you've just given up. This is the will of God for me to be sick.  This is how I'm going to be. I don't want prayers from anybody. I'm not going to go for any prayer meetings. You know, I'm not going to even let anybody pray for me. It's what it is.  God will heal in this time. Whenever happens, whatever happens, it's God's will and so on. Okay, so there's a bunch of pointers that's given out to us that will cause as hindrances to receive healing. Okay, that's the second chapter where we've addressed a lot of questions, fundamental questions, fundamental truths, and I hope that this has been helpful or an eye-opener in how we minister healing and deliverance. Right? Are you guys all okay? You guys online? All good? Okay. All right. Thank you for your questions as well, Shani, Warren, everybody. Yeah, awesome. So the next class, we move into chapter three. It's one of my favorite chapters. Cool. All right. Thanks for joining in, guys. God bless you. Have a wonderful day ahead. I'll see you next week. Take care. Bye.


The Appalachian Wireless Holiday Sale is going on now. Till the end of the year, visit us in store or reserve online for an unbelievable sale on the hottest devices. We know what you want for the holidays because we are you. We are Appalachian Wireless. Pikeville Main Street Program will be sponsoring a Girls' Night Out on December 9th in downtown Pikeville as a way to get out and do some Christmas shopping while supporting small and local businesses. Well, we all know that local businesses and small businesses are the heart of any downtown and any community and certainly Pikeville is no exception to that. We have so many downtown businesses that really thrive, especially during the holiday season. So we just want to make sure that we provide opportunities for people to get out and shop those small businesses to make sure they know what's available in Pikeville. And Girls' Night Out specifically is a time that ladies can get together and spend some time with their friends, maybe either start their holiday shopping or finish up what they need to do. Swag bags at the shops at $2.25 are $10 and include $10 downtown dollars, $10 tasting slash drink tickets, exclusive coupons and giveaways, and a chance to win a merchant basket. We have several businesses, at least 17 this time that are participating in Girls' Night Out. So we are just hopeful that people will stop in those shops if they haven't been there in a while. Anything from children's clothing to quilting items to clothing. We have something for everyone in the downtown Pikeville area and you're certainly going to find a unique gift for someone in your life. Girls' Night Out goers are encouraged to wear their pajamas for a chance to win $100 downtown dollars. For a list of all the participating businesses, you can visit the Pikeville Main Street Program Facebook page. For Mountain Top News, I'm Kelsey Deen.


We are building a new data management and in-processing platform called Ivory, we talk about that. For the last few years, we have quite a lot of data processing happens on Adu, in fact it exclusively happens on Adu. Almost the sequel conventional way of processing data is used only for final last mile delivery of reports. Otherwise all the processing happens on Adu. What we have realized is that there is a need to manage this data in a much more seamless fashion than just looking at it as simply a set of files and directories and have Aduk jobs running and processing on them. So if you look at our use cases, we have about 3 billion events that flow into our Aduk system every day and several terabytes of data and data come in minute wise tongues and hour wise tongues and they need to be processed through a pipeline. The pipeline is like steps of multiple processes that happen one after the other and they need to just flow through. Now all these pipelines are very SLA sensitive and we have to make sure that they are running on time and nothing breaks. Besides we also have needs to maintain some kind of retention policy on the data, archival on the data. We need to be able to copy data across multiple data centers. So there are a lot of these regular life cycle management that we need to do on the feed and also manage the processing. So that is the need that we saw and we have started building this platform called Ivory. I will go over in a bit of detail what the use cases that we are trying to solve with this product. So first is obviously to do with feed management. So what we wanted to stop doing is to look at data as just a bunch of directories and files that come and reside on our clusters. So we wanted to look at them as a logical kind of table which is what the HCR catalog, the metadata repository kind of does. So we want to look at them as tables and have these tables manage partitions and the time at which this feed arrives as one of the partitions also. So we also want to make sure that we have retention policies applied on this data. We remove data that is old. So that is one of the use cases that we wanted to solve. Second one is the feeds that we want to configure in the platform should be archived after its end of life before it is kind of removed from the cluster. So that is another use case that we are trying to get through. The other one is feeds may be generated in one of the colos, in one of the data centers and it may be required in another data center for some processing or aggregation. So replication is a very important use case for us. So once the feeds are all on the cluster, which means the data is all on the cluster, we need to allow our processing to sit on top of the feeds and consume these feeds. So if you look at a classic scenario, lots may flow into one data center in each of the data centers and then they may eventually be processed in these data centers and we may want to consume a final summary of this finally for our reporting or our feedback poses. So if data were to be unavailable let's say in one data center due to an outage for instance, data may still be available in the other data centers. So the scenario that what will actually happen in this particular scenario is the data that is available from the live data centers would be used for aggregations but eventually the data from the inactive data center may eventually arrive. So we should be able to kind of go and fill up that gap as and when data becomes available in an eventual consistency model. So you could have a processing which runs for a particular hour which may have partial data because of unavailable data and that may then be, you know, processing may be completed and the measurement data becomes available. That's the dependency. So you may actually, you know, one log may be used for processing the data. It may produce a summary or some kind of analytics which may then be used for further analytics. So if the first feed is delayed it will cause cascading delays in the whole pipeline. So what the ivory system is trying to do is to identify the full lineage of the entire data flow. So who is dependent, which process depends on, which processing depends on which feed and identify this lineage and if any reprocessing is triggered on one of them it automatically goes and triggers the entire pipeline and makes sure that all the analysis are consistent with each other. So that's the lineage use case. So that's something that we frequently run into. So ivory would basically take care of that scenario as well. The other use case that this system is trying to solve is, you know, typically what we would do is we would do all the feed processing using a workflow engine and sometimes the retrace may not be handled properly. So the ivory system guarantees that there may be retry policies associated with this feed processing pipelines and it will enforce these retry policies on these pipelines. And people also, because it's aware of all the feeds in the cluster and all the processing that happens on it, it basically can provide higher SLA alertness if something is going to be missed due to delays or something is, data is not available for a particular pipeline to kick off then we could generate alerts for operations to look into it and identify the root process problem or if the pipelines are start because of some job processing delays or job execution delays, even that can be tracked through the system. Also, we want to start, you know, allowing HCAD, I mean metadata repository like HCAD integrated into our environment which will allow our feeds to be registered with HCAD which can make all the consumers consume data without actually, you know, trying to go to a specific directory in HDFS and trying to access it. So, you start looking at Hadoop more like a, you know, data warehouse rather than just a processing cluster, data processing cluster and storage cluster. So, you start looking at it more like a data warehouse. That is what the Ivory system is trying to find the gaps that makes it difficult for us to reach that state and trying to fill those gaps basically. So, if you look at it, architecture is fairly simple. So, what it does is it allows users to configure three entities in the system, clusters, feeds and process. Clusters is basically something that defines the infrastructure endpoints in our column while feeds are basically something that defines what's the schema, the location of that in the HDFS, what's the retention policy, what's the, you know, time cutoff after which the data should be disregarded and what's the frequency of the speed, etc. So, those are the, you know, elements of the feed. Similarly, a process basically defines the input feeds that it uses and the output feed basically generates. So, providing a complete lineage and dependency graph of all data in the cluster and how they are produced and consumed. So, through Ivory system, it's possible to figure out who produced this data, what all process consumed this data, what data does it produce and who is in turn consuming those data. So, you could actually build a complete lineage of this data. So, if there is problem in one of the processing pipeline, for instance, that would immediately figure out what are the dependent process that are stored because of this and we can take corrective actions and also make sure unblock the original pipeline. So, that's the other thing. Second is, the Ivory system through the REST API can talk to the underlying workflow engine and get status of each of the instances that run for the particular feed or process. Say for example, if a feed is configured in the system and it has a replication requirement to copy the data from one cluster to, let's say, another cluster, the Ivory system will automatically trigger off the replication instance every hour and replication instance is available for us to track through the Ivory system. Similarly, process executions can also be tracked based on the frequency of the process. The process similar to a feed can be defined to run at a periodic rate and can be made to depend on multiple feeds. So, again, those process instances can be tracked. So, what Ivory does is it does not do much of the heavy lifting. All it does is maintain the state about the dependencies and allows itself to be hooked to the workflow execution path such that it tracks the end of the workflow. The workflow itself is executed by the scheduler which is open in our case. In mobile, we use Uzi for our workflow execution, but the Ivory system is built in such a way that we can plug in a different workflow engine of choice. So, the workflow engine, once it completes its activity, we would basically interject that execution and get a message through our messaging service back to Ivory and back to the consumers. So, the message flow allows us to figure out what happened to the particular workflow instance or the process instance and allow us to manage retries or figure out if data is basically partially processed and should it be processed again, stuff like that. It also identifies the execution time and if it is missing the SLA, etc. and will it impact any downstream processing. So, all that it is able to identify by hooking itself into the workflow completion path Ultimately, the workflow scheduler then talks to Hadoop to submit the jobs and for instance, all the things that I spoke about earlier, retention, replication, archival, feed processing, everything is eventually scheduled as a workflow in the workflow scheduler. Ivory does not have a scheduler of its own, does not do any heavy lifting. So, it basically allows everything to be processed by the scheduler over Hadoop. So, everything is a map produced job at the end of the day and that is how it is basically implemented. So, I guess I mentioned this already. So, basically, you can pick your scheduler of choice. Currently, our implementation is over Uzi. So, it delegates all the scheduling and workflow management to Uzi in our case. All the activities are really doing work in terms of the functionality for feed management or the process execution or delegated to the workflow execution engine. So, Ivory system offers a rest API over which consumers can query the status of the instances that are running in the system and can also manage the lifecycle of those instances basically rerun schedule, suspend all the lifecycle operations on both process instances as well as feed instances. And that's basically how you can use Ivory. So, there are three basic entities in Ivory which are cluster, feed and process. This is what you basically configure in your system. Cluster is basically the infrastructure component that you work with. So, it provides read write and workflow execution interfaces. Basically, it gives you the endpoints of the environment on which this particular Ivory instance is basically going to work. It also allows you to provide default job configurations that you don't need to repeat. So, cluster-wide default job configurations that you want for all jobs that run in your environment essentially goes into this configuration. The feed definition basically has frequency, cluster on which this feed is valid. The partitions on this feed, the cutoff period after which this feed data is not consumed by any of the consumers, schema which will basically be used for registering with edge catalog, location of where the data is processed on HDFS and the ACLs like flow machines, zonerships, etc. So, all these basically define the feed. You basically define all data on your cluster as a feed definition, as one or more feed definitions basically. Then process consumes one or more feed instances and produces one or more output feed instances. You could define your workflow as part of the process definition and the workflow basically gets executed whenever an instance is materialized. You can associate retry policies and say when do you want to retry, how do you want to retry, how many times do you want to retry this process if there were many failures and what kind of failures should we handle how. Then you also specify if data were to arrive out of water or laid for this feed processing pipeline, how do you handle that. So, all that are basically policies that are extensible that you can mention in the process definition. So, through these three entities that you define your cluster feed and process, you basically articulate what data is stored on your cluster, on which cluster, and how they get processed and produced. All of them are basically written through these entities. So, we've been using it every for a while, for a little while now. I mean actually it was a week now, we just launched this feed. It basically offers only these capabilities though much more is on roadmap for us to build for the next quarter or more. We provide feed redemption, all the entity management are all provided besides in terms of functionality, feed redemption, process and life cycle, process life cycle management and feed life cycle management. Then it provides detailed dependency graph on these three entities that are registered with Ivory, NCLI and Pw20 through JMS. Those are the capabilities that are implemented currently in the version that we have in production today. So, this is basically an open source effort. So, we've put the code, everything happens publicly, so we've put the code out there. If anybody has similar problems to work on, it's open for collaboration. So, open for questions. We have a couple of questions. Can you monitor or do you have a monitoring or tracking system which can actually track the progress of data inside your workbook? At what note the data is right now? So, as part of the status of a process instance, we basically provide the user all the actions that are executing, its current state and along with it the, you know, HTTP URL to access the log. We also archive HTTP in the log file for processing later. So, they are permanently stored into the Ivory system. So, yes, the answer is the Ivory system provides to the step what is actually happening for running as well as completing the workflow. It can provide you up to that level. And then the workflow is initiated using an API call. So, what if I have a use case of something like page rank and the which needs iterative MR jobs? So, is there a way to do that sort of thing on Ivory? That would need iterative cycles of the workflow. So, how do you basically, we have similar use cases, right? So, X our data is dependent, I mean X plus one is different on X our data. Is that what you are talking about? X instance is the input for X plus one and Y plus one. And then it looks correct. So, that is the standard. That's a regular use case that we support in Ivory system. Basically, you can configure a feed. And the feed can be both input and output for in a process. So, it basically allows you to create that cycle. But only thing is, so basically you associate a frequency with that feed. Let's say the feed needs to run every 5 minutes. 0th minute file is available and then you start processing that. You produce 5th minute file. And 5th minute file automatically becomes the input for the 10th minute processing. As soon as the data becomes available, it will start triggering. So, it won't trigger unless the previous instance is available. So, it will create, it has the dimensions. So, for every iteration you make another STTP API called to the... No, we will create the workflow appropriately as required to execute this use case. And schedule it with Woozi in our case and let Woozi handle that. So, we basically will be able to express all these requirements of appropriately Woozi. Woozi only supports direct and DAGs, right? It has one way. So, the point is each DAG completes and generates one workflow, one instance. And the next instance of the workflow depends on the previous instance. So, each DAG basically completes. And the next DAG execution depends on the previous DAGs. So, that way you maintain the DAG's, you know, semantics and allow Woozi to execute it. The next instance basically moves back on. Ask a man, actually he's fairly... Yeah, the question was, the scheduler is open so we can integrate with any scheduler is what I mentioned. So, the question was, Woozi and Ask a man, for instance, are very different. They're not on bar. So, how do you plan to integrate? So, basically the system is open for extension. That's how it is built. So, if there is a lot of gap in another scheduler, it becomes difficult for us to implement. So, we have to find a scheduler that provides most of the capabilities that we need. So, Ask a man may fall fairly short. So, if we have a different scheduler which is very close to what Woozi can do, then probably that's a good choice. Ask a man, what actually happens is there may be a lot more to be... So, what we have in our implementation, how it works is, the ivory system basically takes in the process requirements and maps them to a workflow input that the workflow engine accepts it. So, we have a feed mapper and a process mapper, which maps the ivory process definition into corresponding input that the workflow engine understands. So, in case of Ask a man, we may have to... Do you actually generate the Woozi workflow? Yeah, we do. So, we actually... We can see the definition of the confirmation program. Yeah, sure. I will just put it up. So, we... So, complete the answer for previous question, right? So, if you want to use Ask a man, for instance, you may have to do a lot of functionality that Woozi offers, for instance, data availability, which may be non-trivial to do and which may make it very hard. So, if you have a similar or on-par workflow scheduler, you can probably integrate it. But, as of now, we found Woozi to be very suitable for most of our requirements, hence the choice of Woozi in our case, in our default implementation. Right. So, archival will be implemented basically through... Again, implementations can be there for archival. In our case, we just archive it to a box with a large storage and eventually the storage can then be moved into a tape or whatever. So, how we implement the archival is, we provide a policy for the archival and a implementation for the archival and it is extensible. So, we will have a default implementation for... So, most of the things that we have are open for extension. So, nothing is like finalized. I can write a XAM implementation. Yes, an AXAM implementation. Absolutely. So, all that basically makes sure that we want to have a scalable system and we need to be able to schedule it. So, we will ultimately end up running it as an app-reduced job. That will be the only restriction. So, I will just... So, that is how a cluster definition looks like in Ivory. So, you basically define multiple interfaces and endpoints. So, here in this case, we have read-only endpoints, write-endpoints, extrudent points, perfluent points, messaging-endpoints and what Colo it does. The Colo is very important for replication. So, the Colo is also a property of the cluster. So, this is the... Again, this will go through a lot of iteration in our next release because we have a basic version that is launched in production zone. This is how a feed basically looks like. Feed has multiple partitions. It can belong to a feed group. Then there is frequency for this. Late cutoff period, what clusters is this feed available on and what's the time range for which it is valid in that cluster and what's the retention period for the feed, the location where it is present in the APFs, APFs and schema. That's how a feed looks like. So, retention, if you look at it, there is an action here. So, we support multiple actions. Delete will nuke the data. Change permissions will just change the permissions so that it's inaccessible and keep it somewhere. And the archival will basically move it to archival. If the retention action is archival, there will be a separate section in the feed which is not displayed here shown here, which will tell how the archival has to be done. So, that's how it basically looks like. So, finally, the process definition. Basically, define the cluster on which you want to execute. The frequency for this process, the validity time periods. And then you define inputs and outputs. And then you specify any property that you want to send to the workflow. And then you can finally specify what's the workflow to execute. In this case, the workflow engine is Uzi, and the user has written a Uzi workflow. And this is, in fact, the only engine that is supported for workflow execution. But you could integrate, let's say, spring batch or whatever.  That's how this will be taken care of. And finally, you have retry policy in the process. There's also a late cutoff, late processing section, which is not this example, which will say if input A is delayed, what do you do about it? So you basically have late policies also that you can mention here. And it's just a blackout. So how do we get the input data which converts it into an Uzi workflow or XML workflow? Or do you give the inward format, do you give the input so that Uzi works for XML generator? So this is all you've given to the Ivory system. The only thing that will be Uzi-ish will be the workflow XML that you will generate here. The workflow XML works on this contract. You basically use variable names, which is same as this name, input and output, and define your workflow. Those two variable names on this variable name are the only things available for you. It's like you write the workflow as a function which takes the arguments. The three arguments here are the name of the inputs and the properties, name of the outputs. So within those constraints, you can write whatever you want inside the workflow XML and it'll just execute it. So the workflow XML is completely a black box as far as Ivory is concerned. It makes sure that the input, the output, and the properties are passed down to the workflow. So in a sense if you were to change the workflow engine, then all your existing job meditator has to be really ported to the new engine workflow language also. In a sense, you're not capturing the workflow metadata in your own representation. We planned to, but we decided not to do that because different workflows may offer a wide range of capabilities. So if we were to offer a workflow definition in our Ivory process, then it has to be a super set of everything so that we can talk to any engine. If it were a super set of that and if we don't work with the appropriate engine, we would have unsupported operations in that. So it will be fairly complex to manage. Need not be super set. You can represent whatever Uzi things you want to and have your own representation. The thing is that otherwise you cannot replace the workflow engine so easily. All your production is running on lots of Uzi workflows. There is no way that you can convert that to a new engine easily. I agree. So normally what the standard things that you will basically execute on a Hadoop environment are captured in Uzi. That's hardly adequate. But we could probably map to that. But the choice of allowing it to go with Uzi for now is because we didn't want to take that burden of managing the workflow definition in our system. So we thought of delegating and chose that model. But if there are like a lot of use cases for us to work with different ones, especially if it becomes widely adopted and there are scenarios where people were wanting to switch from one scheduler to another scheduler once it's a frequent use case, we will definitely have to implement that. So in a sense, Ivory is another workflow engine. It's an abstract workflow engine. And a policy engine also. So a mix of both. And you have your well-defined policies for archival retention. I mean, the fix that we know about. So you are managing them and running things mostly via Uzi. All right. Thanks.


Hello, my name is Nicole Sebel Stoltz and I am a teacher librarian who is part of SJSU's teacher librarian credentialing program and I am one of the recipients of a scholarship for this current semester here in the spring of 2023. And I wanted to send my sincerest thank you and gratitude to the committee, to the staff, to the individuals who took the time to look at my project and to see it for what it was and to acknowledge it for its merit and the worth of it. It was a presentation on lesson plans I had created for the PE teachers at my school, a unit on health that they could use by creating a website for them with different activities and areas of interest for them to be able to present it to their students. And it's something that I'm actually looking to implement with the teacher currently and so it's kind of a cool process. It was through inspiration from some of the different professors that I've had that kind of helped nudge me in this area specifically Professor Harlan thank you so very much for all of the insight that you've given me through the different classes you have. You've really helped me figure out how to go beyond what I thought was my potential and that has been so helpful so again I am so grateful and thankful to this committee for taking a look at my application and my project and for making me a part of this year's recipients. Thank you again.