Yeah, you're welcome along to our look ahead to the new SSC Eertrisley season Which gets underway on Friday night who our best place to challenge the duck for the league title this season Can Derry City follow up on last season's great effort and what about Finharbs? Well, should we be surprised that there are so many people's favorites to be among the three clubs who will this year Drop out of the top division to answer those questions and a few more besides We're joined in studio by two men who have a strong association with both Derry and Finharbs Felix Haley and Kevin McHugh Gentlemen, you're very welcome Kevin for yourself, I'm sure these are strange times I can imagine this is probably your first preseason in a while that you haven't been involved as a player Yeah, just even Felix mentioned that they're now you'll belong off retire But those last 19 years we just they turned out and going on and it was a bit like come back to school when the preseason started You're you got the butterflies in stock. You want to go on and meet the new players and new plans this season So I'm not going to lie. I did miss it. I don't miss the running part of it but certainly I missed the camaraderie and getting into the change room of the boys and Be jealous I haven't done a visit them a few times there recently and watch them train You know and you do get jealous down and watching them, you know The only thing you miss actually the dress room. Yeah, but you won't miss the rest of it Yeah, you know 100% you miss you miss that you miss all the scandal and everything else Yeah, you feel like you're out of touch from the whole thing when you leave the dress room But I definitely must that part of it, you know Well, perhaps the players might not say this but for the supporters Felix the season seems to have crept up in as all of a sudden and You know suddenly it all gets underway next Friday night Perhaps the main talking point in the offseason was the change in the league structures all of a sudden now We are going to be in a situation where three teams will be automatically relegated at the end of the season So the pressure is going to be on right from word go There is a suggestion that there's doom and gloom all over Don't he go, you know everybody that you talk these things at the harps are certainly good on this this year that a lot of The body language the talk from everybody. It's been very negative. All I think was very critical of the change That's come this way There's no doubt. Yeah, maybe we sat here last year and we talked about how difficult it was going to be for harps It's totally difficult this year. It was remarkable that they stayed up last year It was it was a great the start this was we chatteled about earlier The start was vital for harps last year and it got them off to whereas the wheels come off later on And they just about hung on it's going to be incredibly difficult. It is very difficult up up until five or six weeks ago They maybe had three players And and within the football circles everybody was where they're going to get players and they end up bringing back players You're in the position where harps is where you're signing players that You probably in other days you wouldn't sign but you left with no choice And when you left with the budget restrictions that you have it is incredibly difficult enough harps Stay in the premiership at the end of the season You know all we will have performed a miracle Simple as that. Yeah. Well, listen, it's not a nice evening outside The rain's coming down and if we go back 12 months Felix That was the situation on the night that harps opened their campaign against Derry city It was a great night of fun park in terms of the event and the spectacle big crowd Not a bad game and the result as you Predict it. I think when we had our chat last year ahead of the new season the result went the way of harps You're gonna give him a big head now. Yeah well The first The mother Kevin tell you this the mother how many times you train in pre-season or many games you play It's amazing the change in in the dressing room And uh when you go out to actually play a competitive match for the first time It's hard to explain I mean I played for teams who had fantastic pre-season and couldn't win a match for a couple of months And people you play in pre-season can't Nothing clicks and all of a sudden it's very strange when you start off again The one thing about last year was is is I I felt sorry for For anybody the the fin park pitch The one in the first game of last season Was diabolical for a senior football club diabolical When when that pitch is bad, it's horrendous We talked earlier about the plastic surfaces. The one thing with plastic surfaces is you it's it's what they call a fast pitch The ball moves quicker. It's always whereas when a pitch is like a a potent Which I found perhaps it takes ages to move the ball around the pitch And it's been one of the great things that worked a harps advantage Particularly against the better teams I saw the playoff game against limerick the year before Kevin the pitch was a potent limerick were passing it But it was taking them 20 passes to nearly get in through the final third of the pitch Whereas in a fast pitch that doesn't happen Uh and going back to the start of last year If I was Ali, I would be up to every trick in the book You know Higgs is there and I think what they did was somebody brought the first thing Higgs He did one year was brought the pitch and made it smaller Which helps as well. We did when you play in the better teams. I would leave the pitch As bad as I could possibly leave it particularly when I'm playing the best teams If you're playing if you're playing a game where you don't really you're not interested in how you play It's about results where some of the better teams are interested in playing and getting results Make it as bad for them. I I tap in my playing days playing for dairy with the treble team We used to go to daily mountain. It wasn't even cut. We go and play bray pitch wasn't even cut. It was left rotted They should do that at found park. Yeah. Yeah to try every trick in the book that you can imagine to get away with it because That's one of the the best things that harps are going for Is the plan surface at found park particularly for the better club? and when it's wet and damp and it always is You're very very rarely There's maybe a two month period in the summer at harps Where you get what's called a fast pitch the pitch is good to good surface to play on Where the rest of the time it's slow. It's dead and it takes the ages to move the ball about. Yeah Yeah, well kevin. There's their new faces now at harps Danny Morrissey Kearno Connor Killian Cantwell Johnny boner those guys are all going to have to get used to this playing surface at found park Where does there no they're settling on well though. That's the morning I wouldn't take too much away from the plan surface. They've actually spent a hell of a lot of money there in the last two months Yeah, I'm getting the whole thing redrained. So it's probably I know probably going to go against some things but Um, some of the players that they've signed in just as you mentioned kearno and especially kearno conner um brilliant signing from blundock brilliant like uh, chatty even Stevia donnell He says he's a top player and they would expect to have them They were surprised that they were even allowed to let him let him go out and own so I laid on a master stroke there getting him in And he's probably his best sign was sean houston getting him back on board. It's basically the way Um, probably what harps are going to play especially at home. It'll be a counter attacking style Um, and houston's key to that. You can carry the ball 40 50 yards at his ease. So those kind of players, um And even looking at the squad in general, there's not many players in that squad don't don't want to play football And to be fair, I think even going back to derry game. I think we We definitely played the The pitch better than derry. Um, their manager was out stepping on devils as we were speaking about before the game And I think that played under our hands because it gave the players an excuse But it certainly did help harps for the first four or five home games. I'm sure Mcrover's in that company town And derry we got a lot of points at home in the first the first quarter So that was key and hopefully it'll be key again, but I can't see the pitch being as bad as it was last year There's no to getting away from it. It was per the start of last season and the club But I think all he's done really well as phoenix says like three or four weeks ago on the clean lay It was looking like you're thinking right who's and then as all he does He does what he does best. He talks prayers around and he pulls prayers out of the hat and he's done it again Um, I'm not saying they've a fantastic squad But when you look at their maybe from 10 to 14, they've really really strong players And outside of that you're going to be looking at your 19 players.  Yeah from from the last couple years From the way that harps are going to play cure cure no corner is is going to be It's going to be an outlet for them He's a wee bit. He's not as good a player as as young Chrissy Breen Uh, but what he will do is that when you break and you knock you can knock a ball up past people And he will stretch the pitch He will stretch the match and he'll get people moving quickly up the pitch Uh, he's a worker. He's a wee grafter. I I would think that higgy Stephen Kenny's done Higsey a favor as to do in Holly a favor because I think he did And I think Keirna Connor was at Derry as well When I think he did that's right was Higsey the problem down there as well And he's a wee guy that the people will see even we chase a bit of paper And they will particularly when harps are under the cauch and you launch it He will run in behind people and that always stretches every so so much. He's a really good worker And he does he does have a good work ethic. Um, uh, the difficulty that Keirna Connor has and Is Kevin has said that but Stephen O'Donnell on them are surprised. He's still only a young fella And given we're we're Dundalk football club we're at at this moment in time You've got to be top You've got to be really almost the finished article and be the top Real top top player to get in there squad. So it's it's it's it's it's good for harps that he's there Yeah, well, we can come back to harps in a minute or two But you know O'Connor it must be remembered as only on loan from Dundalk So as you safely like see he could he could end up back there before too long But Dairy City have also managed to attract a couple of new signings. One of them is a loan signing as well. Nicky Loog from Dundee Not too much activity in terms of of new faces coming and going at the brandy. Well, Kevin, but I think the suggestion is that the two players that have gone out the Mellond and McCormick are probably two of the better players from last season Yeah, it's probably about like Dundalk a couple of players are going out. I think You're not going to replace them in this country. I know Maybe getting boys on a loan. Well, they're good enough. They step up the mark And it's the same way young lad, Mikael Kennedy. You come in for Dairy there from charting as well Um, I see the finished article. I don't know. Um You do replace Vermellon and McCormick two really top players who made them tick from the middle and Yaman Vermellon was as good as attacking defenders I've seen in the league for years. So It's going to be very hard to replace that But what's going for Dairy? They have a really good spying the team between Jared Dordy, McBride, McNamee and Patterson always get you go also From that and They're in a stronger position than most teams. They have a really good spying to the team Um, but I don't know too much about the lads that come in on loan and I know they're youth internationals, but The league Ireland can be punishing. Um, especially when you're feeding up around the top end of the table It's you have to be the finished article nearly come into the league You know Felix how is Kenny Shields and Dairy City? How are they going to deal with the situation now that they're planning McGinn park and bon crana for for much of this season? Well, it's you know, county Surprised everybody last year the Dairy world Was surprised you didn't qualify in for Europe was was exceptional given where the club were at uh, when you're When you're having to move The whole clubs and flux given what's happened at the brandy worlds. It's it's all change um You've lost two guys who who were you know had really good seasons last year The juffling McCormick Conner McCormick did really well for Terry last year. And yet he's he's journeyed Done the Dublin, you know the usual Mary Garon there He's called a cork is a cork is a cork is he's gone to and and uh But Vimalans will will will be missed But I think it was known for quite some time that he would were gone to dawn dock Well, it doesn't matter who you are You know Stephen Kenny's in the market for players Ollie Horgens in the market players Kenny She's in the market for players But all three of them are working within a framework of what they can afford and there's a massive difference between all three You know, it can be that all these days made people a 200 year old Kenny's Steve Stephen Kenny is working with a thousand to two thousand euro were were Kenny. She's working with a five and six hundred euro So so you're in the market for different players and and uh, that's how you marry them all together The change is that the brandy world that Kenny shields in some ways has has exceeded all expectations last year and that's Sometimes when that happens you make a rod for your own back How is he going to sustain that this year? And The one thing with deli is going to begin park. We all know begins a great great surface Kenny she's his teams like to play they like to pass it But how that's all going to be married with a different environment of going down there and how it all plans out It it is going to be one of those it it'll be interesting to see how it how it develops That could be key to their season. You're right. They're that whole environment How do the players get just the the pitch the change rooms the whole like if you get off the bad start Well, the crowds come from dairy and the uncranout. I don't know if you get off the great start the whole thing could snowball so it's Yeah, well the question is will dairy be up among the leading clubs in the premier division next season We can have a look at the the top end of the table, but first of all we'll go for a quick commercial break


I'm Charles Forsythe. I've got a company called, one of the founding directors of a company called Betanova based in York, and we were doing a lot of work with very early distributed systems. Bell Labs came out with Plan 9. That was under a restricted licence, but I got some friends interested and we formed the company, and later, Bell Labs came out with another offering system called Inferno. In a roundabout sort of way we ended up acquiring that from Lucent and looking after it for a good many years. Lastly, open source being what it is, I've been doing contracting for partly because for tax reasons and because it gives me a bit more flexibility from doing things within the company. Nevertheless, the company is still there and both Plan 9 and Inferno are still there and being used. The structure is something like this, so I'm going to give a brief overview of the systems, very brief information in the background because I might otherwise run out of time. I'm then going to focus on the aspect of the system that encourages us still to use it despite practical problems that get in the way such as having to write device drivers, having to interface with things, having to make do without a whole host of ready made software that you get free of charge with all these other systems. Nevertheless, we still persist in doing things with it and others do too. Not very many, but enough that I've been able to work pretty much full time for well over a decade doing things with just these systems for the most part and occasionally dipping for commercial reasons into other systems and then retreating in some pain. Because when I was much younger I did a lot of work with Unix when the alternative was a big complicated bloated horrendous system and used Unix because it was lean and interesting and mean and small and easily understandable that you could change any bits of it and it was great. And latterly, some of these others are not the ones that have been described tonight because obviously people have gone to the effort of making them lean enough to work while still not losing the advantages of having access to a lot of software. Erlang for example would be a good example of something you might want to lose. But in the system it's just not currently available. There is an aspect of the system which has encouraged us to continue to use it and to build applications and appliances and other things using it. So that's what we're going to talk about and I'll go back if there's a bit of time left and perhaps mention a few practical things to do with tool chains and other stuff. But I suspect I'll probably run out of time. Now I mentioned I'd be working in this area for using these systems for a couple of decades now. I started using it at the University of York when I was still working there. And one of the side effects is that I spent so much time in that that as these other systems have evolved and changed and added complexity upon complexity. And there's a whole host of things that I just never use in the system I hardly understand it. And I go to conferences, the UK UUG conference in March last year and I feel as though I've arrived from another planet or perhaps an alternative universe. And so now you're going to come with me into this alternative universe where history took a different turning and things look sort of similar but there are differences. And that's Pete's world from Doctor Who. So Plan 9 and Inferno, they're both operating systems. They have different characteristics. The interesting thing about both of them is that they were designed from the start to be part, to build and be part of a distributed system. And the idea was to use a collection of specialized services to build one larger system. Since we're in the Wilkes room, I should point out that much of this was inspired by the Bell Labs people looking at systems like the Cambridge Distributed System. And thinking that this would be a good way of building a Unix-like system. But rethinking a lot of the things that had changed since Unix was first done in the late 60s and early 70s. I mean there's a big difference in the sort of capability, the most obvious one being networking. And the system is intended to include network security from an early stage. They wanted to be highly portable.  So in the alternative universe none of that stuff exists. And instead the labs people have gone on and they've developed something and it actually took off and people are actually using it. So I don't have to justify the absence of this one thing or another. The idea was to keep the structure quite simple. One reason was to be able to use it in experiments with different kinds of hardware and they wanted some systems offered to drive it. So the idea is to keep it malleable and simple. It's more than just a language. I mean it's particularly through Inferno. I think a pair it with say the Java approach where the idea is that the language is the means for doing everything on this distributed system using an abstract machine to have it running on it. And all the nodes in the network. Some of those ideas appear here. But there is this idea of there's still an operating system level in that environment. So the primary things in the system that you see repeated if you've ever looked at the plan line in Inferno papers are these three things that function as the primary driver for the organizations of the system. The representation of all resources as file like things. The observation there was that UNIX had this idea of you open a device. Devices unlike some contemporary opening systems. Which had specialized operation structures each kind of device. There was one for tape. There was one for mag disc. There was one for this. Instead there was just a name in the file system. You opened it and use the normal read and write system calls. And then the sector thing called IO control. Well originally S G T T Y and S T T Y and G T T Y. To specialize control operations on them. But this idea that the resources you had on the machine were accessible in the name space in this hierarchical name space. The same as the files that were on disk. The idea was in plan lines to take all that idea and use it much more effectively much more intensively to do to represent all resources in the system. That you ever want to distribute to some other node. Combined with that there's this idea of a computable name space. So the name space is not a directory structure that's physically stored on a disk somewhere. The name space is a more abstract thing. It's just the name of something and then what it refers to is sort of a second stage depending on how you built the name space and how you have connected things into that name space. And the idea of computable means that there are operations that actually manipulate name spaces. And the final thing is connected with the idea of distribution is the idea of having a file service protocol. Because you're representing all resources as files you've got some way of assembling name spaces. If you have a protocol that will export make the name space visible on the network and accessible through the network. Then you've made all your resources because all the resources represented in these file like things. All your resources distributed on the network without having to do anything special. So this is the set of system calls in the plan line system. I've divided them into three categories here and really there might be one or two specialized system calls that I haven't mentioned here. But by and large these are the ones that you use and that's it. It's not 250 of them. There's no problem about sewing. And they fall into three categories. The first category is the things to do operations. Sorry we've got line and a slightly strange place but first thing to manipulate files in a Unix like ways. You've got open rewrite close create with an E. You remove stats. So those are probably you can guess what those do. On the bottom you've got the primitives that manipulate processes and process images. And those again are similar to the Unix ones with a few additions. So you've got a variant of fork to create a new process. You've got wait to wait for a process. Exits is like exit but it takes a string as an exit status. And exec replaces the process image by the contents of a file in a very Unix like way. Then there's some extra ones that are different from a few Unix. In fact even the fork is given a different name because it functions rather differently. So rendezvous is a way for two processes to synchronize and exchange values. That was the original primitive that was provided to allow concurrent programming. For various reasons specifically for real time applications, semaphores were applied to avoid problems similar to priority inversion. Where you end up with a lower priority process blocking a higher priority process. So semaphores were added. And in many cases those have been used to replace some of the uses of rendezvous. Alarm and sleep. Notifying noted is similar to Unix signals. And seg functions manipulate memory segments. And finally there's ERSTRA which sets and retrieves an error string, a per process error string. Which is a textual thing similar to ERNO, but it's a string rather than a number. One advantage of that is that when you start looking at programs running in different environments, you don't have to have a globally unique error number mean that you have to maintain. And across a variety of administrative boundaries and also application boundaries. And then the middle function here bind, mount and non-mount. Mount and non-mount look familiar from Unix, but they actually do something different. But bind, mount and non-mount manipulate the namespace. So if you think of a process running in a tree of names, then bind, mount and non-mount allow the process to change what names are available and what those names refer to. Actually this refers to a couple of things, I'll just back up a bit. Explain those a bit more clearly because I'm going to get into trouble with the next slide otherwise. So the basic idea is that bind takes an existing name and puts it somewhere else in the namespace. It binds it to another point in the namespace. Mount takes a file descriptor which is connected to a file server and I'll get on shortly as to what that means. And puts a connection to that file server into a namespace at a particular point. And un-mount undoes the effects of those previous operations. So those three are enough. There are probably some interesting operators that could also be provided. But those three are enough for practical purposes to do what's needed. So here are some examples of file servers. Some kernel services provided in a traditional way similar to Unix, except that instead of having special files these names are actually generated on the fly if you like. The pure names that refer to things inside the kernel and the kernel itself generates those names. So it's probably closer to the sys and prox stuff in the Linux environment. And there's a sort of convention of handling things. Instead of having a control request instead devices that need device control tend to come in pairs. You've got a data, the read and write to do the data of it and the cuddle file associated with that does the control function. That way you can have ordinary read and write requests being directed. You open the control file name, use ordinary read and write requests to control the operation of the data side of things. What advantage of that is that unlike, say, IO control is that you can export the pair and then you can give a remote machine the ability to control a local device. Without having to worry about, well, what's the bit pattern that's needed in this particular thing? What is the set of values that is associated with IO control and so on?  There's some fairly boring examples, user services that provide conventional file storage for DOS file systems, 96 CD file systems and so on. The interesting ones are the ones that provide services. So, for example, DNS is provided through a file server. There's a program called the Connection Service, CS, that provides the ability, translation of symbolic names. I'll show an example shortly. Mail file system, UPASSFS, that represents mail messages as hierarchies of names with the contents broken out, so the from, the two lines and so on are broken out. The graphic subsystem is done using namespaces. And there are various functions like IO stats, which puts itself in the namespace between a process and its original namespace, so you can track all the operations within that namespace and provide a little table showing which files have been accessed and how much IO has been done to each of them. Factotom is similar to PAM, I suppose, in Unix, it's a security agent, but it's the only one that knows all the security algorithms and it uses the namespace, it accesses a file server to allow other applications to make secure connections without having access to any of the keys and so on. And there are operations that work on the protocols to provide caching. Networks are implemented as hierarchies of names, so that you've got the ARP table, the connection service, the domain name service, to translate a name, you open that writer conventional string into it and read back a description of what the translation might be. The ethernet, if you want to know what the ethernet address is, you just catch that file. That's the thing, because it's in the namespace, it's accessible to the shell from the command line, so that you can easily wander about and explore a system. Again, some of these ideas have turned up in Unix laterally with CIS. Originally a lot of those things were kind of view onto things, but they weren't the real things, whereas these are views onto the real, there is only that in the system. So these things speak directly to the device in perhaps a deeper way, in that the only way to make a network call on the ethernet is to open up one of these files and read and write it. IP interfaces are available, it's actually collected instead of having jails or separate socket subsystems. You simply mount a different instance of the IP stack to get a fresh set of names that aren't connected to anything, and then you connect them to different network interfaces by opening one of these things and writing some requests into it. So here's our domain name service works. As you open that DNS, you write the domain name that you want to translate into it, and it writes back, sorry, when you read it, you get back a list of text strings that give you the various translations for IP addresses, and there's convention for doing the reverse translation and the rest of it. This also means that because net DNS is a file server, it's an application running in its own domain, in its own space, it automatically is able to cache things for all applications that use it. Furthermore, if you're on a tiny machine, you can import slash net slash DNS from another remote machine and do name translations using its cache and its ability to communicate with the outside world without having to run the domain name server in your local machine. Well, here's an example of how you can translate different other kinds of requests. I'm going to run out of time so I'm going to zip along. To provide network independent, so the system doesn't assume that everything is internet. To provide network independent translations, there's another service that's used by applications instead of using DNS directly, and it translates a peculiar form of symbolic reference for a network type, a host on the network under service. The idea is that you write the thing you want to translate and you read back a set of recipes, each line representing, well, if you want to get to this abstract thing, you can get to it by doing this or doing this. The interpretation of this is that the way you get there is you open the thing with that name that I've just given you and you write this string preceded by the word connect into the file that you've opened, and that will give you a connection in your process, a file descriptor, to the thing that you wanted to get to there. If that doesn't work, you can try this one and so on. I mentioned a computational namespace is some amount connected to a file server through a file descriptor. Bind takes an existing name and puts it over another existing name so you can remap things. It's important to note that the granularity of this is per process. I mean a group of processes can share a namespace but in the limit a process can have its own private namespace with just the names it needs to work with. So the ability to use a name and what it refers to acts as a kind of capability as well. So you can jail a process by simply not building a namespace that doesn't include say the network devices. A lot of it depends on naming conventions so you might have noticed in the early one there's all this is a clone files, there's a standard naming structure for multiplexers and a standing naming structure for the data and control file names and so on. Union mount is sort of a multiple mount really because it doesn't do the union of the entire namespace. It does a union along one dimension. So if you put a directory onto another directory you can choose where it goes before or after it and create a kind of search path and also if the names are different then beneath that then you can also create a kind of collection of possibilities on a single point in the namespace. So that's used to replace the shell's search path by simply binding the things that you want in the right order on slash bin. Slash dev is actually an empty directory when the system starts up and things are simply bound union bound onto that so it puts a collection of kernel devices onto it. Net similarly is empty and then the interfaces are added onto it. I'm going to run a time so I'll just do this next bit which is the protocol itself. So the protocol is called 9p. In Infernet it's sometimes called sticks but it's now the same as 9p. There were originally some minor differences between the two. It's a file service protocol unlike NFS. It's deliberately stateful because the things you want to talk to have state and so it's connection oriented and there is an application in a service that will provide a persistent 9p connection subject to certain constraints of what you're connecting to to recover from errors and things but that's a separate component. A fundamental thing is that from the start user applications, user mode programs are intended to be act as file servers. So it's not like fuse, so it's like fuse being added to Linux later. Here it's built in from the start and you can serve 9p on any file descriptor so it might be a network descriptor or a pipe. And you use the month system call to take a file descriptor and say the thing on the other end is an 9p service and from then on below the point where you attach it in the namespace the kernel translates all the file system operations you make into 9p requests on that connection. And the protocol itself has a very simple structure you've got just these operations. Users and groups are represented as strings not numbers so you have much less trouble doing mapping across administrative boundaries. You start to do something but it's considerably easy to manage. Diagnostics are also transmitted by error strings. You can use any byte sequence protocol so we've used it over infrared links to a Lego robot brick running a specialized program a simple 9p server that serves up control and data files for the server motors and various other things on the device. So this is the extent of the protocol and the implementation of the protocol. This is, if I explain roughly what these things mean, this is actually the physical representation of the protocol as well. You've got a four byte size, one byte with a particular value that represents the operation, a two byte tag that identifies a particular operation. So if you've got several read requests active at once on a particular file then they have different tags and several can be in flight at once. The FIDD corresponds roughly to an open file instance although it doesn't have to be open because FIDDs are also used to walk through a namespace. And as you see there's a fairly close correspondence between those operations and system calls. There is a special mechanism in there to do authentication as well so that the idea, again using reads and writes, if you get one of these it gives you access to a file that is connected to an authenticator for the file server which in turn turns around and uses the Factorim agent that I mentioned earlier. And through the combination you end up authenticating securely access to a particular part of a file tree as a particular user within that file server. So I'll stop in about a minute and take some questions that don't run over time. I'll do this one anyway because this gets the heart of it. So now you've got resources as files and I've given very quickly some idea that networks and services and so on will represent as files. You've got the 9p service, you've got the ability to make namespaces out of these things. So when you implement the distributed service the first thing you think about is what should the namespace look like for this service or a collection of services. Once you've done that and you've implemented the file server to do it, you have the ability to put things together. So for example in plan 9 if you do network graphics you do it by importing dev draw. There isn't a special network oriented graphics protocol. Of course on dev draw the files inside dev draw there are special graphic like operations that you do. But the distribution of it is all handled by 9p. Network audio, so if you've got a machine that hasn't got an audio device and another one that hasn't then you import the audio device into your local namespace and you can use it as if it were local. The sound will come up from over there of course. And if you want a network gateway so you've got a remote machine that's connected to the outside world and one that isn't then you can import that slash net. And then when you make network operations it's as if you were making them directly from that machine because you are. It's being transmitted by 9p across to that machine where it does the network operations there. That has the advantage. So for example at home it turns out that my virgin media line has gotten addresses in the blacklist so I can't actually use SNTP directly to connect to anything to do my own outgoing mail. But it turns out that the virtual server that I've got at Byte Mark in York isn't on the blacklist and so I run an inferno instance on that machine. It's running a virtual Linux. I run an inferno instance on that machine that presents a slash net just the same as plan 9s would and I import that slash net into slash net on my home plan 9 machine and then I can do SNTP calls. And it's fine because it's actually that other machine that's presenting the interface to the outside world. You know sometimes there are problems of efficiency and you begin to look more closely at ways of improving it or be able to do streaming and various other things. Nevertheless especially when developing this gets you a good long way without having to do anything special. In many cases network audio is an example network graphics especially with increasing speeds of networks things are just fine. So the CPU service which is equivalent to in a way to remote shell is done by it connects the so we call the thing that connects to the CPU server the terminal. So the terminal you connect to the CPU server the CPU you export your slash dev from the terminal subset of the slash dev from the terminal to the CPU so which binds which imports the slash that and puts it on its own slash dev. So now dev draw dev cons which is equivalent dev TTY dev cons refers to the keyboard and the mouse and the graphics device of the terminal. The window system similarly works as a file server so that you can do things like you can in the window system you can create a window CPU into that and then every window and then you can run the window system inside the window. And then within that window every window you create is actually automatically on the CPU server so in terms of the commands you execute because so there's kind of a recursive structure that you can you can take apart. So again in the embedded space the advantage is that you've got small devices that do tiny to do something big but you can program the 9p on them so they can export their things or they can import bigger services bigger machines and you can put together quite interesting internet of useful things. Internet of names. I would say internet I was going to use internet of names as a title of the talk but it turns out that's being used for something stupid. And internet of namespaces just doesn't have the same sort of ring to it. Okay. And so yeah so the system plan I also has got built in from the start so my support concurrency. This is the sort of stuff that was that wasn't in Unix in the first place because on a PDP 11 you were hard pressed to do too many things at once. And so unlike bigger mainframe operating systems at the time it didn't really have deep support for it's a concurrent use of shared memory. And the programming model allowed by the system includes both shared memory with usual synchronization primitives and also there's a library lib thread that provides CSP like channels. Inferno has its own programming language. If you like it's similar older but in terms of the languages you might know it's similar to go except perhaps with a slightly prettier syntax. Okay and in fact again compared to the development of Unix from the start most of the non-trivial file servers are concurrent programs. So the Windows system is concurrent. The export of Fasts which is a command that exports a file system namespace to a remote machine is a concurrent program. Acme is a funny kind of editor similar to Beart's Oberon editor in sort of style and design but it's actually a file server. And each text window you have on it corresponds to a set of a little hierarchy of names. The Windows system is a file server it serves cons which is the equivalent of TTY and that's the conventional name for the place where you get keyboard input. And it serves dev mouse and it serves a different so each so each window has got cons and mouse or pointer in Inferno. But in each window that cons and mouse refers to that local Windows virtual console and virtual mouse. So when applications read and write that the window manager turns around the multiplexes that use across the real across the cons and mouse that it got from its own slash dev. But of course that's how you can run the window manager inside the window manager is because within the window cons and mouse refer to just that localized instance and so the whole thing is recursively virtual. Oh and also important for there is real time support in terms of in the shape of a of an EDF scheduler. And the Inferno I mentioned it takes the plan 9 ideas it does it runs as a native operating system and a variety of machines like ARM, PowerPC, Ax86 similar to plan 9. There's a list of machines that can do but it also runs hosted so you have this operating system plan 9 like that runs as an application on Solaris Mac OS X Linux Windows. And from the point of view of the application written in this safe concurrent language limbo which is said to sort of go like in terms of style. And as you've got CSP like channels that you send and receive type to messages on. So it's a type to CSP. It's actually closer to the pie calculus in terms of the things you can do with it. But yeah so it looks like the same Inferno operating system that appears every while. So that's how I can run it on my virtual server on ByteMark and it virtualizes some of the host operating systems interfaces. So it makes the Linux socket stuff look like slash net. Or if you like the slash net names connect down through the Linux socket stuff. So the application doesn't have to do with socket calls it just opens slash net and does the usual things with it. And Inferno even more than plan 9 was consciously intended to be used for embedded devices. It was originally done developed to go in an AT&T set top box. And it was latterly then they went on to use it or a variant of it as the management section of an IP telephone switch. But plan 9 has been used in better applications. I will stop here actually which is that. The idea here is that these are ideas that could come out of the alternative universe and be applied perhaps in the mainstream of the current universe's development of Unix. Although it's tricky to do because so much of it has to be POSIX compatible. And the moment you say POSIX compatible that means you end up with in C say lots of if deaths and a ton of header files. I mean who knows what's in any of the header files. Well nobody does that's why you that's why they all set up so they include each other and then have checked to see whether they've included each others because nobody can remember which order they're in because there are too many of them. Which things are in stood. Is that stood in to any stood. Yes quite. OK so the idea in both systems design was to aim to be minimalist. To make a lot of use of compositions you have a few clear mechanisms. Ideally home to do things precisely and then you compose them to build something bigger out of it something more capable out of it something capable out of it. Inspiring well there are enough examples within the system that you start looking at particular applications say the example I was going to use if I hadn't run out of time was a grid scheduler to serve to serve jobs up to to a collection of work of slave computers that are doing computation. And you farm out the work. Well this is done by we it's an actual inferno appliance we built and that was done by thinking first about what namespace would use to represent the schedule model you would have and then developing it by splitting the work amongst three people one of whom had used namespace to present graphical interface to control it. Another one who did the work on the on the worker the client side the computational side to access the namespace to find out what work to do. And then finally there's the person who did the schedule of work and by using the namespace as the as the as the design basis the agreement between the various components. It would allowed the development of each of those things to proceed independently because if you want to test the scheduler you can just catch some files. If you want to test the graphics thing you can just create some certain some files in that real files or you can just echo things into a simple file server. And so on so when we put the thing together it it it worked. And since that was the day of the demonstration it was just as well. So it's inspiring the sense that you look for examples and you think you look at things a little differently in terms of how to represent these things and also in terms of how to split the problem up differently. And then looking at other applications in other operating systems and thinking trying to do similar sorts of things. And then finally you said the important thing about the thing is that it's bigger on the outside. So instead of having a vast thing inside this operating system which is huge and then you have to fuss trying to squeeze it down. You start something is actually fairly it's not tiny but it's reasonably compact by comparison especially by comparison some. It's probably a fraction the size of system D for example. And it hasn't got tentacles into the entire world either. And that's a result of being minimalist in design but also focusing on having a few primitives and then some operators to allow you to compose those rather than trying to build everything into everything from the start. Right so I'll stop there and are there any questions?


What's up everyone? It's your girl Kenzie here from Layton Sports Cards, and I'm ripping a couple personal boxes here for Antoine G We've got a 21-22 Panini immaculate basketball hobby a 21-22 Panini prison basketball hobby and a 2022 Panini flawless baseball hobby. All right, best of luck Antoine. Thanks as always for hopping in We're gonna start with the prism here good luck Yeah, everyone force will be live here starting at four for Some group breaks and then Sam will be debuting on drip Some personals tonight We have a Franz Wagner rookie base Sub Donald. How's it going man? Beach Philly we've got John Stockton silver hyper Aaron Eastman Prism Nicola Jokic Black Donovitch Some big color here Here we have a Kade cutting-hand rookie base Here's I say it's hot a hyper wide screen of Steph Curry And we've got a Luca Garza on the rookie auto for the pistons Look at Garza. Thanks for follow Yanis Bridge Doing good down doing good No We have a silver market smart silver fireworks KD and for the Grizzlies nice one here rookie auto Santiago Dama Guys been balling out with Joc Very nice side Randall Daniels Anthony Davis We've got nice red wave rookie of Chris Duarte not numbered on the red We've got KG on the hyper fearless Chris Weber got silver city bay Red rookie Evan Mobley beautiful color match there for you Antoine 297 of 299 There you go. We'll mag this one for you. Nice day Antoine Centering is a bit off, but beautiful card Paul George Hey, we're oh diddy. I didn't see it Eric Did not see it like an absolute. Yeah, Joe Weiss can't we've got Dominique Wilkins on the pulsar Got blue ice Joellen B. This is a nice off-color match 43 a 125 sixers Randall Maxi. Oh the chili that you made nice Making anything this weekend Donald Donovich Kessler Edwards rookie. We've got a silver Jeremiah Robinson Earl for the thunder. What's up Ramirez? We've got Brissette on the hyper Luka white screen Milton white I'm I'm rooting for the bills. I want to see Josh Allen get everything That'd be nice. We have a Josh Getty rookie base Jalen sucks rookie base for magic Kai Jones, we've got blue Tony Cuckoach for the bowls. That is 128 of 199 Zion prismatic Kspurt rookie base putting grimes silver Jalen Noel Prismatic silver Julius Randall Fearless Penny Hardaway Nice to see Gigi when a super bowl to the for sure Harder we have a bones Highland Ricky base Carl Malone red wave of Malik Beasley for the T Wolves hyper of Nicholas Claxton D Ricky you've got a Chris Duarte Ricky base and Duncan a Silver Jose a Brissette Purple KPJ for the Rockets 15 of 99 Kevin Porter, Jr. 75 years silver Jalen Green Marking him Hamboil dinner, I don't think I've ever heard of that D Bagley Josh Christopher rookie Herbert Jones Toscano Anderson we've got red wave of Evan for me Next to Marjorosa on the purple ice bowls of 76 of 149 Mindset Zion All right, here we go. I'm back basketball time Good luck and Tom. We've got 25 and 99 Anthony Edwards patch 8 of 99 to buy a terrace Sixers that is 20 of 99 Trey young Hawks I Sir Treyway Heraldwood signatures 94 of 99 Tony Kukoch for the Bulls Nice number two coach out of the prism We've got 21 of 99 past and present signatures of Brook Lopez for the Bucks a nice one here signature moves Acetate that is 16 of 25 Anthony Edwards nice hit there Antoine Sign that nice and big to he never signs that big or that center either that is sweet There you go beautiful hit there. We'll mag this one for you Heck yeah, all right last one here for you Antoine flawless baseball time. Good luck Eric First we've got showcase quad relic three of ten Josh young very nice. So you got a Laundry tag there, too nice three color two color one color and laundry tag three out of ten We've got wow Trist speaker three out of five on the bat relic Wow, that's sick Game worn used material three out of five We'll make that one for you Antoine And we've got pirates rookie Otto 16 of 25 onesy contraris on card auto Appreciate that Donald. Yeah, I might have to look up a recipe for that. We've got our PA here 18 of 20 Shane boss for the race What a box of flawless here some beautiful patches Then we've got seven of seven Liam Hendricks on the patch auto white socks You go white socks And we've gone 25 of 25 book and to Oscar Hernandez blue jays auto go for the Mariners seven of 15 Noel v. Marta Beautiful beautiful patches there three color four color two color four Wow, thanks for the follow Jackson seven of 15 And last outside box we got five of seven Rod Carew On the greats Rod Carew five out of seven right inner time Here us a baseball that is nine out of 20 Garrett Cole.  We've got dual auto 10 of 10 book and Mickey Cabrera and Spencer Torkelson boom Oh Look that is nasty Cabrera and torque on card both on card. Yep Wow little scuff on the mag here. You can see a little tiny scuff Wow, that is nasty congrats on that Antoine thanks as always for your support We do appreciate it and we will get these carts right out to you


For sustainable hydrogen production, the energy required can come from renewables and feedstock or source could be water. In earlier classes, we have seen two different methods for water splitting. These were thermochemical cycles where the required energy for water splitting comes from either waste heat from nuclear reactor or from solar thermal. We have also seen in detail water electrolysis where the required electrical energy can come from either solar photovoltaic or it can come from hydroelectric power or from wind. So, today we will see another method for water splitting which is photo electrochemical water splitting. The energy which is required again comes from solar energy to split water but this technology is still at a developmental stage and there are very small scale demonstrations which have been there in the laboratories. So, we will be just very briefly looking at this technology because in this particular course, our inclination has been towards production methods which has been on commercial scale or on industrial scale for hydrogen production. Now, this particular method of photo electrochemical water splitting, this is inspired by photosynthesis in plant where the sunlight and water plant uses that to produce chemical energy, this is using a biochemical process. So, water splits into hydrogen containing species and oxygen in different photo systems which are separated. Same logic was used for photo electrochemical water splitting and it was in 1971 when Fujushima and Honda they came up with the photo electrochemical reaction and that was using titanium dioxide as the material. So, a very basic structure, although there are several other layers attached to it is where there is a transparent conducting layer then there are semi conducting layer and then there could be current collectors or transport layers. So, basically a photo electrochemical cell just like electrolyzer has a basic unit of electrolytic cell, photo electrochemical cell is the basic unit for the process and it has two electrodes, the two photo electrodes and the requirement for them to have is a appropriate band gap. Then there is an electrolyte and then charge conducting surfaces can be there. Like electrolysis again this is water splitting, so it is a non-spontaneous process and it requires energy for the water to split into its constituents which are hydrogen and oxygen and that required energy can come from sun. So, there are semiconductor materials which can absorb sunlight reducing electron hole pairs and that electron can go through the external circuit reducing H plus ions into hydrogen. The holes can go to anode side and then water get oxidized into oxygen releasing oxygen on the anode side. Now, typically this reaction requires a voltage of 1.23 electron volt, but when this much amount of energy is being supplied for the required reaction, the reaction occurs at a slower pace. So, it has a activation energy which is higher and then if this much amount of energy is being provided then it will still take place at a slower, it will be at a slower pace. So, for increasing or enhancing the rate of the reaction, photo electrocatalysts are required. At the same time the reaction that occurs on to the anode side which is oxygen evolution that is more demanding and thermodynamically and kinetically both it is more challenging. So, if we see most of the literature or most of the research has been focused on towards developing the material, suitable material for photo anode. Now, these again the electrodes need to have certain characteristic, they should be stable under the irradiation condition, they should have high surface area to provide the required regions for the reaction to take place, it should have good electrical conductivity, good crystallinity. When it comes to photo electrochemical reaction that occurs at the interface, electrode electrolyte interface. Now, there are several semiconductors which are available which absorbs sunlight and then they can produce the charge carriers. But for photo electrochemical reaction to occur, the band gap is a important measure. So, appropriate selection of semiconductor materials such that the band gap matches with the redox potential of water is very essential for the process to happen. And the requirement is that the lower edge of conduction band should be above the potential of hydrogen evolution reaction for this redox couple. So, it should be higher than minus 4.6 electron volt which is relative to the vacuum level. At the same time, the upper edge of valence band should be below the redox potential for the oxygen evolution reaction which is corresponding to 5.9 minus 5.9 electron volt. Now, if we see both the conditions such that the conduction band lies above this and valence band lies below this, the edge of the valence band lies below this is satisfied by very few materials, we can see that. So, rest of the materials like we can see silicon, carbide, titanium dioxide. So, there are very few materials that satisfies this condition. Most of the materials, they are not suitable for photo electrochemical reaction to occur. This is because of both either they do not have the required band gap or the locations of the conduction band and valence band are not as per the desired condition. Now, among the materials which have been studied for photo electrochemical cell, titanium dioxide is the most widely studied material and this is known to have the required band gap. It has the required band positions in terms of the conduction band edge and valence band edge and it is known to have a stability towards the light induced corrosion. It is at the same time not expensive, it is non-toxic. But the major problems associated with this material, titanium dioxide is, it is a wide band gap material. So, the band gap for this material lies in the range of 3 to 3.2 electron volt and if we convert that into wavelength, that comes out to be lying in the UV region, ultraviolet region. So, for this material, the absorption is restricted basically to the ultraviolet region and this ultraviolet region, if we look at the solar entire solar spectrum, that constitutes only 4% of the entire solar spectrum. As such, a major portion of that remains unabsorbed if we use this material. At the same time, the recombination of the charge carriers, so as the charge carriers are produced, they can even recombine and that recombination rate is higher for the titanium dioxide material. So, what can be done is either we can modify the titanium dioxide, so we can have appropriate doping, we can have nano structuring, sensitizing. So, there are different ways of modifying titanium dioxide or else we can use a low band gap material such that it can absorb the broader region in the solar spectrum. Now, there are other possible materials which satisfy the two required conditions of band gap and the locations of the conduction and valence band and these are like the materials which can be used are gallium nitride, silicon, carbide, C3N4, gallium, indium nitride. So, these materials can also be used for photo electrochemical reactions. Now, the important thing lies here is there may be different materials which may have different advantages and if we can make a hybrid material out of that, if we can design a material, we can engineering, tailor the material so as to take benefit of the advantages of different materials to make hybrid materials which could provide a better efficiency, better stability for electrochemical processes, photo electrochemical processes, then that will be that is the desired area for research. Now, if we look at the basic principle of photo electrochemical process, we have seen in the earlier figure the conduction band should be, the requirement is conduction band should be more negative than the water reduction potential and valence band should be more positive than the water oxidation potential. So, what is required is when the sunlight falls on to such material, semiconductor material, the required energy of photon should be higher than the band gap and once it is higher than the band gap, the electron hole pairs are created. So, these are the charge carriers which are generated. But at the same time, the charge carriers which are generated, they need to be separated and that is very important that efficient and effective separation of charge carriers is essential and we can use several photocatalysts for achieving that. Once these separated charge carriers, they can, they reach on to the surface of the semiconductors, there at the interface of the electrode electrolyte, the photo electrochemical reaction will take place. Now, the role of these electro catalyst or photo electro catalyst is to reduce the activation energy because we know that water splitting has a very high activation energy, it also provides the required active site where the electrochemical reaction could take place. So, at the same time, the thickness of these photo catalysts that are deposited on to the surfaces that is very important. The reason being the diffusion length of the charge carriers, if this is smaller than the thickness or the thickness is higher than the diffusion length, then the charge carriers which are produced in the process, they will recombine back. And once they recombine, they will give back that reaction, they will give back the energy which is the electron has taken in moving from valence band to conduction band. So, there will be more of recombination. So, if this is the case, if diffusion length is less, then this will, the recombinations will take place in the process. So, if we see the, what are the major steps involved in photo electrochemical process is, the photo catalyst which are present, they absorb the sunlight or photons, that energy is absorbed. With that energy, the electrons move from the valence band to conduction band creating holes in the valence band. So, electron and hole pairs are created in the process. These charge carriers, electrons and holes which are created, these require to be separated. And there are two possibilities, either they will recombine. So, electron and hole pair will recombine giving the energy and get lost in the process or they can be separated in the material. Once they are separated, they reach on to the surface, at the interface, they undergo the different electrochemical reactions, which is basically a reduction oxidation reaction that takes place at the interface, producing hydrogen and oxygen gases. So, hydrogen on to the cathode side, oxygen on to the anode side. Here the important things are the surface morphology, the structure, what are the electron transport properties of the photo catalyst which are used. So, as such a proper choice of photo catalyst plays an important role in photo electrochemical water splitting. Now, the major requirement which are there for a, for photo electrochemical reaction to take place are the required energy which is the photon energy higher than the band gap and that value is 1.23 electron volt which is required for the reaction, minimum required energy for the reaction to take place should be provided by means of the photons. A higher surface area is required where the reaction should take place at the interface, this higher surface area will provide will be, when it is higher there will be more interaction region available for the reacting species. But at the same time the higher surface area, although it promotes a faster reaction, but at the same time there is more of recombination that will result with the increase in the surface area. So, less of surface area although the reaction is going to be slower, but the recombination of charge carriers will be less. So, there lies the trade off between the surface area, between the kinetics of the reaction at the same time the separation of the charge carriers. So, for that like several co-catalysts are also used, like noble metal co-catalysts including platinum or ruthenium and their use of these co-catalysts can be helpful towards enhancing the active sites, reducing the activation energy further, they can enhance the charge transport of the for the reaction and to have a to facilitate the photo electrochemical reaction to take place. So, today we have seen very briefly the photo electrochemical water splitting process although there are several materials which have been looked at several properties, their morphology which has been studied in the literature, but this we have seen in very brief. Now, this photo electrochemical process this is still at a very early level, at a developmental level. The requirement is of better materials which could be stable enough which have a better efficiency and the demonstration of such photo electrochemical cells on a larger area is required. At present this has been on very small scale laboratory development. Thank you.


project. So my name is Alejandra Yala. I do go by Alex and I'm the senior project manager for this Carmel Marine Creek Road Reconstruction and Widen project for the great city of Fort Worth. We do have council member Carlos Flores in the house. So if he would like to say something council member we'd greatly appreciate it. Dore can everybody hear me? Yes sir. Okay I don't know can't seem to get my okay there goes the video all right well good afternoon or I should say good evening everyone thank you for joining us here. I'm very pleased that we're able to still reach out to folks even though we are starting to get out of COVID from the recovery end of things but it's so important to keep people connected virtually is a great way to make that outreach and I'm pleased to see that we have some good attendance here I made some outreach via Facebook and also phone calls to get people involved with this because we want to ultimately hear what your input is on the front end instead of the tail end it helps us you know deliver a better product. So thank you very much Alejandra and Jeffrey and please continue. Thank you and right now is the best time for us to to present this to to the residents of the area because we're only at about 30% design and that's what I'm going to present to you tonight and with that I'm going to get started. So I'm going to give you a little agenda for this project I'm going to introduce project team I'm also going to let you know what my role is in the project I'm going to give you a project map and an overview the project scope I'm also going to go over the project schedule and the budget and contact information and at the end we will do questions also if you do not wish to speak you can also type in your questions in the chat box and what's going to happen is we'll compile all of these questions and please provide your email even if you're not asking a question it'd be great if we can know who's out there provide your email and your your telephone number and we will definitely respond to every question that is asked tonight. So like I mentioned my name is Alejandra Ayala I am a professional engineer with the city oh no no so in tpw capital delivery and I am the project manager for this for this project I also on this on this presentation is Raul Lopez he's our city program manager and he is on the line as well we also have Dennis Ingram with Burns and McDonald and Haley Smith with Burns and McDonald they are both our our engineers on this project we we hired them to help us with the design of this roadway so my role as project manager for the transportation department I am the professional responsible for resource coordination procuring and managing contracts and services for the delivery of a project whose limits and scope are predefined by the transportation planners and also our consultant engineers they're the professionals responsible for the design and coordination of the resources needed for the survey right away acquisition utility relocations permit submittals bidding and construction management and ensuring the elements of the predefined scope are included in the final design our project limits are our former marine creek from both club road on the west all the way down to the marine creek parkway roundabout we are next to both club road which as any many of you know is is that is a textile roadway so we'll be doing coordination with them to make sure that our intersection improvements are our will you know coordinate well with whatever signal they may have going on at the intersection this project's about two miles just a little bit over two miles in length I'm just going to give you a brief overview of the project scope when we first started this design several years ago we were everybody heard we were only going to construct a roundabouts at at Huffines and Bowen Roberts and that has changed we are now doing a complete widening of the road between both the road and and the roundabout at Marine Creek Parkway we are going to put in a four lane divided roadway with the with the future expansion of six lanes if needed we're going to put in a new traffic signals at Bowen Roberts Road and Huffines Boulevard we're also going to put a new traffic signal at Crystal Lake near the elementary school we're also going to modify the traffic signal at Bowen Club Road as well this corridor will have street lights we'll have sidewalks on on each side of the road and we're also constructing a new bridge adjacent to the existing bridge over Marine Creek which will be able to widen out to six lanes in the future if we need it and we're also going to be doing some modifications between the Marine Creek Bridge all the way over to Marine Creek Parkway after roundabout that section is actually going to be a flight lane section it's going to be asphalt it is going to have a center two-way light terminate it's also going to have street lights and in this this section of the corridor we'll only have sidewalks on the north side where the current development is located as that area across the street from that subdivision is developed in the future the sidewalks will be added so as many of you that drive this road everybody knows it's a two-lane country road with side road ditches and the way of you know what word that's booming right now it's it no longer has the capacity to carry the the amount of traffic that is needed so we need a wider road and these are just some of the pictures some of the challenges that we have on this roadway a lot of the drainage structures will be will be widened extended and improved in order for us to be able to convey that that run off off of the new road and currently there are no sidewalks or a center median on anywhere that the sidewalks come and go this is another picture of Carmel Marine Creek at Bowman's Roberts Road we have it we do have a really large drainage structure that runs diagonally across this intersection here that will have to make improvements too and you know the developer for the western rivers subdivision that Carly went up they they built their half of the road and it's currently being used and if you look at the picture on the right and you look at how you kind of get a glimpse of what the future is writing of this roadway it's going to look like with those nice white sidewalks on the end the intersection and how finds it currently does have a signal line but that seems to have improved to accommodate the more widened section and then you know the developer of the marine creek branch subdivision they did they also constructed their half of the roadway so what we're going to do is just we're just going to continue building the roadway north of of what they have built here's some more pictures as we continue east toward marine creek this is the section that is right past the marine creek bridge this is an area where our are the amount of right away that we have there is is a little narrower so through this area where we are going to add sidewalks much needed sidewalks on that north side of the road to connect pedestrian traffic to the future trails that are going to go in at marine creek and also to the school and the library just east of this intersection once again we just kind of have doing the structures that function well today but eventually all this will be modified with the new roadway expansion and we're going to get rid of these dead and sidewalks and providing a continuous trail for pedestrians so now I'm going to talk to you a little bit about what we're proposing to build in this slide you're going to see some some orange and yellow and green lines the the orange lines represent the the medians in the middle of the road your yellow lines are the driving surface the actually you know you're going to drive your car the actual street and then the green represent the actual sidewalks that are going to be constructed and and then here at bull club road you'll see a signal light because we are planning to put in life there and we are going to be required to obtain some right away from from the folks that that are directly to the north of the corridor so we're we're currently you know or we could do that we need to set our alignment and make sure that we have everything that we need before we start asking you know for right away acquisition and this is the section between bull club road and we're going we're going to be traveling east on these slides and then we come on to the bowman roberts intersection where we're going to put in a new traffic light here as well and here currently you know we do the developer of western bridge did build this side of the north side of the road but unfortunately that the aerials haven't caught up to the to the new construction and we're going to continue eastward toward bob hanger how finds boulevard well where we are going to construct a brand new signal there's a future daycare coming in and at this corner and we've already addressed our right away needs with them because we are going to require to build dedicated right turn lane for the folks that are traveling westbound to go northbound onto bob hanger road then and also the developer for this marine creek ranch development they also built their half of the road so what we'll be doing is just continuing where they left off so we'll continue eastbound as we approach crystal lake drive near parkview elementary as well as the northwest branch library we recently did we recently worked with our consultant burns in mcdonnell and we did ask them to do an analysis to warrant a signal at the center section and as many of you know one is needed there because of the high pedestrian traffic so we'll be adding a signal at this intersection and as we continue eastward this is the this is the beginning of the bridge right here as we go toward to marine creek parkway roundabouts and here's the other side of the bridge and as i noted earlier we are going to add a twin bridge next to that because we want to be able to in the future if this lane if this roadway ever needs to become six lanes we won't have to reconstruct a bridge we'll just be able to modify the section through there to accommodate those six lanes so that design and construct it to be to accommodate that the future expansion of this roadway and as we go toward the roundabout the marine creek roundabout parkway roundabout this is this area where we're next to the cape street and seal cove that existing area the existing subdivision there we are going to have this section here is actually going to be five lanes we are going to have a continuous middle lane for people that make a left into the subdivision I mentioned earlier we're only going to construct sidewalks on the north side of the street as this area to the to the north to the south develops then they'll be responsible for for constructing those sidewalks and then we end up the project at the marine creek parkway roundabout we are currently looking at ways burns and mcdonnell have have presented some ideas on how to make modifications at this roundabout to accommodate the amount of traffic that goes through there you know the city is aware of the issues with functionality of this roundabout during certain times of the day and we want to address those issues and make improvements to where I travel through this area you know mainly on the weekends and I see the challenges as well of trying to to make those movements sometimes because the traffic through there is not going to the design speed limit so we're going to look into doing some modifications to be able to push cars through there in a much more a much better way and I'm just going to give you a little brief overview of what these typical sections are going to look like you know the four-lane divided roadway as we we're going to build these these two added lanes to the outside we're going to have a nice wide 38 foot meeting in the middle and that's basically the area for the future of the future future laying widening if we need it and then as we go closer toward of just east of bowman roberts road we are we do have some right away constraints through there and that's why through there our our our sidewalks are are going to be reduced down to six feet wide through that through that through that area this is just a little cross-section of what it's going to look like through through the bridge and how we plan to to construct it and then we leave that area these two inner lanes for future widening and this is the five-lane section through the seal code for the five lane with the middle middle turn lane between stone water vent rail and the marine creek parkway so here's the project schedule and the budget we are burns at mcdonald recently completed 30 design and that's why we're we're sharing this meeting with with the public because this is the time for to get feedback from you all and we plan to finish the plans by the end of the year sometime in the winter 2021 probably december this will be we'll have a hundred percent plans completed we we do plan to to bid sometime in the spring of 2022 and start construction in the summer of 2022 and it's about a two-year construction schedule so we will be finishing sometime in the summer of 2024 all these all these dates are are tentative there's there's lots of things that can happen between today and uh the end of the year so we'll just keep pushing forward but i do want it to to to make a note that the the design this project is being designed but the actual construction is going to be contingent upon voter approval part of the terry county we're going to get funding from terry county and they're going to a bond election in november 2021 and also the fort war 2022 bond program that goes up before the voters in may of 2022 and that's why some of this construction starts we don't have definite dates because this like i said this is this will be upon your votes and and your word as to whether we're going to construct this this section of the street our project budget just the construction cost is about 30 million dollars to build this two-mile long corridor so that is the end of my presentation um this is my contact information here you want to take a picture of it with with your phone that would be great i am the project manager and that's my phone number and my email address and also we have our traffic engineer city traffic engineer his name is rosh gupta if you guys ever need to get a hold of him um to to you know ask questions or concerns this is his information and i want to thank all of you for taking the time to to be with us this evening this is a very important road for the area and we wanted to share what the city forward is doing to help improve the the the everyday commute of the traveling public and uh with that i am going to questions if anyone has any yes i have a question david mendis uh marine creek ranch h away so let's start on the boat club and and work our way east uh with questions uh what's the deciding factor on who gets a turn in who doesn't or businesses through that area i noticed that both fox fitness and the church don't have a turn in yet the socal school does and fox fitness and the church get way more traffic than the socal school denise would you like to to um to address that that denise with burns at mcdonough he's he is here yes i'm just trying to wave so i mean the you'll notice that at the daycare we have a turn lane right turn lane dedicated that's more driven by the overall traffic volume of the project corridor so based on the traffic study we develop an associated traffic volume so it needs to be turn lanes at the intersections primarily and uh our assessment didn't indicate at this point any need for a turn lane specifically for the fox fox fitness or the other location that you referenced um i mean i don't know how many cars you've seen go in and out of the fitness and the gymnastics there is a huge skew there in the amount of traffic like a very large skew there's a large amount of traffic i'm sorry to go ahead you just might want to look at the some updated number first uh that don't have to do within the last year where there wouldn't have been any traffic to that area for a fitness center or a gymnastics it's a packed facility cars come constantly i just think that a turn in there would be beneficial especially if you're going to need some of their land to expand this roadway but we can that was just a general question now moving on east to the intersection of bowman roberts and cromwell i noticed you have some work done on both the north and south ends of bowman is that going to be a lane expansion how's that going to work with the rest of bowman roberts being pretty much dilapidated and not being able to handle the traffic through there so they're going to run into what as far as an intersection goes so the improvements that we're currently calling for are obviously the widening of front wall marine creek road four lanes in east direction with the ability to widen out to six but we recognize the need to also improve overall the lane widths and lanes at the intersection so currently we're considering or we'll add in some additional lanes on bowman roberts left turn for north bound and southbound traffic uh that extends north and south of the intersection uh you know we have well well these improvements have bearing on i don't know bowman roberts being put on the master thoroughfare plan which it's currently not um and is in desperate need of repair and updating and for that one i may lean on um alex that's you know that's beyond what i can really speak to yeah if i may say something this is roblox i'm the uh program manager that oversees thoroughfares you know like this project so this project focuses on improvements of bowman marine creek at this time unfortunately yes we realize bowman roberts is in need of improvements it is not apparently a master thoroughfare plan master thoroughfare plan so that that's going to be the future for it yeah it is not a master thoroughfare plan i'm just saying you're modifying a road that is not within plan and i believe there is a city stipulation on that where it has to be on the master thoroughfare plan in order to be able to modify that road it could be wrong but that is coming from ppw i believe a couple years ago modified to widen the road it doesn't have to be in the master thoroughfare planning it just needs to uh to warrant the improvements based on a traffic study but it doesn't have to be in the master thoroughfare plan um so you're able to modify the road without a future plan no we we we can absolutely yes if we don't have a plan we could if the road is constricted that's all i need to know that it can be modified without a plan perfect uh so we onto the let me clarify we're not modifying bowman rovers at this time at this time because well you're modifying these parts of the intersection that lead up to the intersection so that would be modification right absolutely yeah that's that's all on the clarification on that so i can make sure to you know follow up later when someone tells me that they cannot do this because it's not on the master thoroughfare plan but obviously you can um so the intersection of huffines and chrome marine creek um would be my next question um i'm actually extremely happy that you decided to not go with a traffic circle on this it was supposed to be a traffic circle i think the whole time and not going with the traffic circle was the way to go the intersection here is probably the absolute perfect example of listening to people and modifying the design that is a just an absolute great aspect that you realize that traffic circles aren't the full answer to everything and you took that information and you you know went forward with it this would not work in this situation um now closer down you mentioned that there was going to be actually five loans there'd be a center turn in is there are any safety concern there with having that center turn lane notice that the rest of it doesn't have it so that'd be my main question in the future caramel marine creek is supposed to come down past this bridge head south and connect to the roundabout at longhorn this is an interim solution until i'm sorry you said i'm sorry you said caramel marine creek was coming around on all the plans i've seen longhorn is actually coming around to intersect with caramel marine creek that that's correct what you said is correct you're saying it's correct as well so caramel marine this section of caramel marine creek that has a five lane divided on divided section is not in the master thoroughfare plan so this is an interim improvement until caramel marine creek right after the bridge east of the bridge it's it curves south and then back east to connect directly to longhorn but that's that's a future improvement that we anticipate a developer to the laborer supposed to see because it goes through this on developed land just south of caramel marine creek okay and then on the roundabout at caramel marine creek and marine creek parkway i'm very glad to hear that you recognize there's some issues there and that there is some type of work to fix that it is a major problem we do still also have people breaking in the middle of the roundabout to allow people to yield that has caused several wrecks there as well the final question I have is about the bond election what's the contingency plan if the bond doesn't pass because there's there's talk of neither bond passing uh because of you know financial constraints of the people yeah let me elaborate on that a little further so the broad this caramel marine creek project is partially funded by the 2018 bond program but that funding the current funding is not enough to construct 30 million motor projects so even the money they found in the bond because the actual project got cut i'm sorry i didn't get the first part um money was found in the bond carlos can confirm this because the actual project was cut uh the roads through here were cut so they actually found money in the bond for other allocations so this project isn't part of the 2018 bond specifically this project is part of the 2018 bond and it as soon as it's put on there it will ever remain on there it was just not fully funded for the 2018 bond so 30 million dollar project wasn't funded in the 2018 bond the scope of the project was was not the stuff that we're talking about today so the project has evolved uh because we heard the community and you know the community is clamor to improve the roads and so we have what we have done is uh Karen county put out a uh call for project for the 2021 bond program which goes to election in november and we have applied for that and in addition to that then because that's a 50-50 program the county will provide 50 percent of the funding but the city has to provide the other 50 percent that's a condition so the city is providing the uh the city is um going to recommend the project for the 2022 cd bond program that goes to election in may 22 so both of those programs have to be approved by the voters now um project doesn't go you know they don't go to the uh voters individually the whole packet goes to the voters so if the entire bond package is passed then the promo line track is approved and it receives funding but it is all contingent on the bond passing correct on the entire program both and both bonds not just the one bond so it has both bonds have to pass for this to occur that's correct gotcha all right thank you very much sure and uh this is uh carl sorris coming in there what what david is referring to is again what monies we were able to get from the 2018 bond program we requested then 31 million dollars and we got 9 million approximately and we used some of that uh you know again to apply towards the design works but what he's asking uh he had posed before and uh you know it's it's a good question in the sense that well what is our plan if if the bond doesn't pass but it is a good distinction to make that the uh the matching 50% matching that we're hoping from tarrant county to get that would augment our dollars to see this full plan come through has to be realized i agree and you know to be realistic i still haven't seen a bond election that has been rejected in my lifetime that doesn't mean it cannot happen but like i said you know it's not like the voters are voting for crumb or increase they're voting for the entire package with all the other products across the city and so we don't know how that works with bond packages and who gets what money right well i'm yeah i'm speaking for the rest of the community i may not be aware of that so um so that that's that's a plan going forward um i'm looking i'm just gonna run down to some of these questions some of these questions will have to for example craig vacas he uh mentioned something about the bowman robert's bow as roundabout being completed before this starts i'm not familiar with the schedule on that particular roundabout so i i cannot answer your question right now but i'll look into it can actually answer that question if i may yes the project for that bowman robert's bow as roundabout it should be completed by the end of next year i believe or the middle of next year sorry i was on on that same project meeting about a month and a half ago okay well thank you for katie jackett says the civil entrance is permanently closed that's good to know um why not continue that last quarter mile to old den old decatur um you know right now we're just mainly focusing between vocalo brode and and marine creek parkway and so that is the scope of this project um will the traffic slide be synchronized so that drivers will hit red at each light we will definitely look at at progression through through the corridor to make sure that that that we're able to time those accordingly um so i will definitely put that on denis's list to make sure that we time the progression through through here um so people can hit those green lines um alex if i may say something it is important that we we understand as traffic signals are two-fold um we have to strike a balance between safety pedestrian and vehicle safety and then vehicle progression so you know while we strive to minimize vehicle delay we also have to keep in mind pedestrians especially when there is a school uh on the south side we we need to be able to provide a a time for the pedestrians to go across the street to go to the residences but have you um so we have to try to strike a balance between between those to safety and progression um has there been any thoughts to making a formal U-turn section instead of a certain intersection um i don't i don't think on because of the nature of this corridor that would that would be a a solution just because the way the traffic patterns are existing and another one is we found these two and done today i will i will look at the information that you provided on the chat i will send it to our engineer for him for him to look at um let's see okay so somebody did okay carlos alexa simpsons you're getting chat questions that i'm not getting so when you um when you send a chat we'll please send it to everyone so that we can take note of the questions and then answers we would appreciate it we will definitely do that and um and that those are all the questions that we have so so if if any of you ever have any questions yes this is uh carlos floris uh you know i had a little audio uh buffering issue just now and i didn't hear all the questions that you were seeing but it was one from katie jacob's a question about continuing on a quarter mile uh on this project to meet up with uh decatur now i think i remember reading that there was a separate project uh in that area for decatur so just uh notate that if uh if it's not included in that other project that i'm thinking about then that might be a consideration okay thank you anybody else have any more questions will you all have my my phone number and my email address if feel free to contact me if you have any concerns or suggestions with great i appreciate it and with that we're gonna we're going to call it a wrap and um i appreciate everyone's time for to come on tonight and um look what we have what we are planning to improve mobility through this area so with that i'm going to end the presentation and um stay safe and we'll see you all next time thank you looking forward to the next update thanks everybody