Hello and welcome to this session in which we will keep working in step one of the audit data analytics ADA. In step one we plan the ADA and step two we access and prepare the data. In step three we make sure that we review the relevance and reliability of the data. Step four we perform, we execute the steps and in step five we evaluate the results. And within step one we said one of the purpose or objective of the ADA is to either we can use it to assess risk assessment which is we learn about this in the prior session. So basically we're done with this step. In this step we're going to see how do we use ADA in test of control, substantive testing and evaluating conclusion. Now before I proceed I should have mentioned this in the prior session which I did not. In order to understand how to use ADA in test of control first you have to have a good understanding of test of control. The same concept applied to substantive testing and analytical procedures the same thing applied to evaluating the final results which is called the final review. And the same thing applies when you study risk assessment. Don't try to understand how ADA helps in risk assessment if you don't understand risk assessment from the get go. So that's what I'm trying to say because in this session I'm going to be showing how does the ADA help in this process. So you have to understand, you have to have a good understanding of the process. Now whether you are an accounting student or a CPA candidate I do have resources that's going to help you understand these topics test of control, substantive testing, conducting the final review. You can keep your CPA review course. My material is supplemental, it's useful additional information to your CPA review course. I teach the material differently. I provide you alternative resources which will help you understand the material which will help you do better on the CPA exam. Your risk is one month of subscription, your potential gain is passing the exam. I do have resources for an auditing course as well as other accounting courses. My CPA supplemental resources are aligned to work with your CPA course whether it's Becker, Roger, Wiley or Gleam. I also have access, I give you access to all the AI CPA previously released questions all of them for the past eight years which is approximately 1500 questions with detailed solution. If you have not connected with me on LinkedIn please do so. Take a look at my LinkedIn recommendation, like this recording, share it with other connect with me on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and Reddit. So we're going to start to dig deep little more into how to use ADA and test of control, substantive testing, evaluating the results, the conclusion, starting with test of control. The first thing I want to let you know which is you're going to be surprised or maybe positively surprised, neither the blueprint nor the AI CPA provide any specific guidelines for for using ADA and testing testing of control. However, just basic common sense will tell you that you could use ADA and test of control just like you can use it in risk assessment and substantive testing. Test of control is basically steps that you'll undertake with basically what says test of control to evaluate whether the client's internal controls works effectively in preventing and detecting material misstatement at the assertion level. So you could use ADA techniques in test of control although they don't tell you you can do it but we know that you can do it. So how can we use it? Of course we can. We can do the performance. What is the performance? When we independently execute the procedures or control that were originally performed by the client personnel? For example, we can run some numbers through our accounting system, through our own software. Let the software re-perform the material. This is part of ADA. We can check for anomalies as a result of control failure. Just take a look at some exceptions just by running some statistics, run statistical computation, whether to validate or dispute the effectiveness of control. So you could use ADA in various format. Another example would be let's assume we want to check whether the payments of customers are properly posted to their account. So when a customer makes a payment they're properly posted. We can download the sales file, download the cash receipts file, upload both files into a software like IDEA or ACL and match sales file with cash receipts from customers. And what we're doing we want to see that when we make the sales each customer will have an account number and when we have a cash receipt each cash receipt is posted to a customer. Match those two and whatever is left only keep sales invoices with greater than zero with an outstanding balance. And this way we know we have an idea about our account receivable and we want to make sure that we are posting the payment to the appropriate account. This is basically kind of a matching what we talked about in the prior session about risk assessment. This is a matching technique we can use when we do test of control. This is an example of it. I'm just showing you that you can use it in test of control. We also can use it in substantive procedures. What is substantive procedures? It's procedures to detect material statements and the financial statements and in the notes. How can we use it? Many different ways. We can search for missing serial numbers for sales invoices for gaps in the checks. We can run descriptive statistics on data on certain accounts, certain transactions looking for amount that are three standard deviation above the mean or below the mean. We can run regression model on different figures. We can compare internal data like from the general ledger to external data for example from bank information similar to risk assessment procedure but here we are dealing with substantive procedures so we can use the same techniques. An example would be for example we can run regression to predict cost of goods sold given direct material and direct labor assuming here directly labor and direct material are a large proportion of cost of goods sold. Also we're assuming here that if this is a manufacturing environment the manufacturing overhead is some percentage of direct material or direct labor so we can make some adjustment to the formula and find out whether our cost of goods sold is properly computed or come close to it using analytical procedures. I'm sorry not audit data analytics. Analytical procedure is part of substantive procedures. We can use analytical procedures. Analytical procedures are really a natural extension of audit data analytics. They just it's just analytical procedures. They work hand in hand. They're very natural together and by the way analytical procedures or AP are covered in depth in a separate lesson so this is an important topic and analytical procedures are an important topic on the CPA exam. So on my course I have one whole lesson about the ratios and I have sub lessons for each cycle. How can you use analytical procedure for sales, for payroll, for inventory so you have to have a good understanding. Where can you have this good understanding? Go to farhatlectures.com in my CPA review course or in my auditing course if you are an accounting student but you need to understand this topic inside out because remember APs can be used at the beginning of the audit during a risk assessment during the audit while during the substantive procedures and at the end of the audit so they're used in many different places. And what are analytical procedures? It's when we develop expectation or prediction of the balances okay or the ratios using prior period figures. So we look at prior year and we see that the ratios should be current ratio should be 2.0 that's the expectation or 2.1 or 1.5. Now we're going to see if we're going to get that number if not we need to understand why not. So we anticipate resolved based on relationship among financial statement that's also part of analytical procedures. For example if we have a million dollar in debt and our average interest rate is 10% we expect to have interest expense of 100,000 just this is basically based on the relationship. We can compare our company information to industry data if the current ratio for the data is 2.5 we can take a look at our current ratio and see how much it is. So comparing data it will tell us whether we are within the industry above or below but it's going to tell us something about our figures whether they are reasonable or not reasonableness. We can examine part of analytical procedures financial with non-financial information for example we can look at our sales and website visits maybe there's some relationship between them okay this is some sort of analytical procedures comparing two things that should make sense okay comparing things that should make sense the more website visits we have the more sales we have the less website visits we have the less sales we have generally speaking we could look at trend analysis look over the years over time how the account is behaving and try to kind of draw a conclusion or make a judgment. APs analytical procedures are best used when there's a plausibility and protectability of the relationship the best example I can give you is that in interest expense there's a relationship between those that's not the only thing you could have a relationship between sales and account receivable for example every year 20 percent you know account receivable represent 20 percent of sales and some years they might be a little bit higher some some years could be a little bit lower but should be around 20 percent if it deviates we need to know why there's a plausible relationship there should be a plausible relationship between account receivable and bet that expense bet that expense is usually 5 percent of receivable well why is it more than five why is it less than five it should be around five it just it gives you an idea where to focus on also it works better in stable environment you know for example it makes a difference whether your sales are spread out evenly throughout the year or your sales are seasonal you have to you have to take into account that environment availability of the data for example availability of industry data whether it's available or not it makes a difference if there is no data what are you going to compare yourself to okay also numbers coming from good control will help with that and basically analytical procedures you don't need even a fancy software for ADA excel can perform analytical procedures and frankly every time I talk about analytical procedures I say this again and again that when I was in practice because we did a lot of reviews in my CPA firm I did a lot a lot of reviews and part of reviews is to run ratios horizontal analysis vertical analysis so I'm I used to call myself an expert in and political procedures I like this topic because it makes sense it tells you where the red flags are really once you understand the business and political procedures are a powerful powerful tool in the hands of the especially the people that knows understand the business the big picture and here comes looking at the evaluating results which looking at the big picture at the end when you're evaluating the results you should have more knowledge about the company because you went through the audit you learned a lot so far maybe it took you three months six months to complete this audit you have a deeper knowledge about the client and the deeper knowledge you have the more effective your ADA now you have tools plus knowledge you have the tools you have the resources plus you have the knowledge so now you're working with reliable numbers you understand the business and you have the tools to run what you need to run and here what you're doing is when you run numbers using ADA you are looking for comfort something something that confirm your expectation things should make sense or it's going to reveal unusual or troubling accounts or figures and usually when I started my my when I started my career I was impressed with the partners like wow how did he know how did he know this immediately I mean I would submit the work and immediately the partner would say take a look at this account take a look at this number those don't make any sense I was like wow this guy is really good mark his name his name was mark I was like oh how did he know this three months later as I was doing this I was like yes now it makes sense this doesn't make any sense you know I should I should take a look at this a little bit further so things will start to make sense as you learn more about the business because things are predictable in the business world and if they're not predictable you need to know why so ratio analysis you can conduct ratio analysis at the end to make to make sure numbers make sense you can run vertical analysis horizontal analysis and what's vertical analysis basically looking at the income statement for example an income statement you have sales you have cost of goods sold you have various expenses so what you do is you compare everything to sales this is what a vertical analysis is or horizontal analysis basically looking at an income statement across across time horizontally from period to period to see what's you know the changes in sales the changes in cost of goods sold from period to period as a dollar amount and as a percentage so those are for example you can do the same thing on the balance sheet compare everything to assets relationship to asset and a vertical analysis or compare the balance sheet from period to period which is horizontal analysis and those are powerful tools analytical procedures but you could use some sort of a software audit analytical procedures you could use acl you could use um you could use obviously excel that's the easiest one to use you should all you we should all know how to use excel acl all that command language can do it idea the software idea can do it um you know you don't need r or python to do vertical and horizontal analysis it's pretty straightforward but this is basically how we could use ada in those various stages at the end of this recording once again i'm going to remind you that whether you are an accounting student or a cpa candidate take a look at my website i might be able to help you i have i provide you with alternative explanation alternative resources multiple choice cpa questions that's going to help you improve your knowledge you pass your cpa once in your lifetime give it everything throw everything on it it's worth it good luck study hard and of course stay safe


Hey folks Darryl here, just fresh back from Rare Evo and off the crazy event. As Catalyst Fun 10 goes to vote, I wanted to give you a quick update on where we stand. So we're supporting three projects and just wanted to give you a quick update on them. We've got links in the newsletter here. If you're hitting this from Twitter and stuff, they'll be down below. The number one we're working with and one we're most absolutely juiced on is the supporting the Maori in New Zealand with the Decolonizing Financial Compliance Project. We're actually going to be talking about in the webinar, which is starting next week. I think the September 6th, 7 a.m. Pacific, 10 a.m. Eastern, not sure what other time zones, what time that is and other time zones. But to check that out, we're going to be going through our tooling of Trust Continuum. How it is these tools we've created, they're free. How you can use them to build a minimum viable ecosystem, which is one of the things we've talked about on stage at Rare Evo. The other one is in California, the Blockchain Advocacy Coalition, getting some legislation on the floor of the legislature in California next year. And we're assisting Zengate as well with their project in Sri Lanka, which is creating a commodity specialty tea market. We're doing a light role on that one. The team there, Sam and Dan, are going to be doing a lion's share of that using our tools. But because they're building many ecosystems, different products, different countries, we really want them to spin up on those tools. Another few links down below with regards to some of the places we are going to be, whether that be Twitter Spaces that we're hosting, that we're on. And if you want to reach out, please feel free. I'm happy to jump on podcasts, spaces, YouTube, whatever it is you need. There's some tools down below as well with regards to those minimum viable ecosystems and how ecosystems can really help you nail things. Keep being awesome. Thanks a ton.


Okay, thanks very much, and Dan's talk was a perfect introduction to my talk. For the last 10 years, I've been in programmatic mode in addition to my individual research. In 2003, I started EVOS, which teaches evolution across the curriculum. In 2006, I started to do community-based research from an evolutionary perspective, treating my city of Binghamton, New York as a field site for human-related research. And then in 2007, I helped to start the Evolution Institute, which formulates public policy from an evolutionary perspective on a variety of policy issues. And some of these projects, which are relevant to today's talk, is one with a collaboration with the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, NESSINT, on evolutionary mismatch and what to do about it. So that's clearly very relevant to our topic today. We also have a project called ProSocial, which provides a framework for increasing the efficacy of groups of all sorts. And that raises an issue which, in addition to diet and exercise, another kind of mismatch has to do with our social environments. And I was very happy to see Dan's focus on exercise in addition to diet. And then also some of the talks in addition to my own are going to emphasize this theme of our social lives as something which can also be mismatched. And ProSocial is one of my favorite projects. And then finally, Evolution, this year of life, is an online magazine that approaches anything and everything from an evolutionary perspective. We've already covered some ancestral health issues. We look forward to covering more. And not only does this magazine serve as a medium of communication for the general public, but it also provides a intellectual forum at the professional level so that as we talk about these things at a professional level, we can do so in a way which is really accessible to people from all the full spectrum from novice to expert and across disciplines. I think we need this kind of forum at these levels. And so what I want to do today is I want to spend some more time building upon Dan's lecture, clarifying the concept of evolutionary mismatch. Ending up with the need to, stressing the need for both theory and empirical research. If we're not doing these, both of these, in a coordinated fashion, then we're not going to be making the progress that we need to. And then finally to describe our own effort to do this, the Evo's Lifestyle Project, which is an ambitious program, which we hope can be conducted by multiple investigators on the basis of whatever resources are at hand. And so I think that this is a new model for scientific research, which I hope to engage you all in. I mean, look at the number of people in this room and the interest in this topic. More science should be coming out the other end than is currently coming out the other end of this. And so we're trying to create a framework for doing that. Okay, so what is evolutionary mismatch building upon Dan's talk? It's a state of disequilibrium between organisms and their environment. This fascinates me. It is central to evolutionary theory. Whenever populations are not of equilibrium with their environments, then there will be mismatch. So there cannot be a more central topic to evolution. And yet there is a great need for clarification. And we especially need standards of evidence to be established. What's the evidential goal standard for documenting a case of mismatch so that we can avoid this problem of just so speculative storytelling, which is so often a criticism levied against this kind of work. And often with justification. And I think what we need to do today is similar to what John Endler and others did in the 1980s for the Catopic of Natural Selection. Of course, Natural Selection is the centerpiece of Darwin's theory. And so of course we've been studying Natural Selection all along. But when Endler published this classic book, Natural Selection in the Wild in 1986, it was a kind of a landmark for clarifying the concept.  And so no matter how central the concept, there is still a need for a kind of a back to basics approach. Not only for the people from other disciplines who are encountering the concept for the first time, but even the professional evolutionists basically need to take stock, step back, and to examine this concept. And especially what are the standards of evidence for documenting. That's something counts as a case of mismatch. And so our project with Nessent is in their working group rubric. It involves four workshops over a period of two years. We have a large advisory group from which we draw our workshop participants. We're holding our third workshop this October. What this means is that there's still time to get involved in this project. And so I invite you, if you're interested in this, to contact me. And we can connect you so that you can be part of this larger advisory group. And then even perhaps some of you could attend one of the workshops, the third or fourth workshop. This will result in a special issue of probably of evolutionary applications. A basic tutorial has already been written, co-authored with Lisa Lloyd and Elliot Sober. They are both philosophers of biology. And to have philosophers involved in this, I think, is a very exciting contribution. Because the best philosophies of biology, such as these two, I mean, they're so good at rigorous thinking about problems in biology. And to have them involved, I think, is a real asset. And as I just said, back-to-basics approach is needed for professionals, in addition to those learning about mismatch for the first time. Now, this is not difficult, easy for us to wrap our heads around this. How do we define mismatch? It's a negative consequence that results from a trait that evolved in one environment being placed in another environment. In the typical example, the trait was an adaptation in the prior environment, but this is not required. So it's possible that the trait could be deleterious, neutral, a byproduct in the new environment, in the old environment, and acquires new harmful consequences in the altered environment. So when we think about the status of this trait in the ancestral environment, maybe an adaptation, maybe not. Nevertheless, either way, it has deleterious consequences in the altered environment. And so what is the evidence that's required to demonstrate that a case of evolutionary mismatch? First, a given trait, T, must be shown to be adaptive, neutral, or deleterious in relation to its ancestral environment. As with the case of natural selection, we first must demonstrate that this trait, what its status was in the ancestral environment, and then with mismatch, we have the additional requirement is that we have to demonstrate that this trait was maladaptive in a new environment. A dysfunctional will often be defined in terms of evolutionary fitness, but not always, and I think that this is important, especially in the case of health-related issues.  That's going to have very little effect on genetic fitness, but still something we want to cure because it has to do with human suffering. So when we think about mismatch, often we're going to be talking about genetic fitness, but we also need to be talking about other criteria for calling something dysfunctional. Now, sometimes cases of mismatch, these requirements for demonstrating that something is a mismatch are very easy. It's a kind of a no-brainer to identify a case of mismatch. One of my favorite examples involves aquatic insect species, which are often attracted to reflective surfaces. And so if you have a glass surface, for example, a solar panel, what you find is that they're a magnet for aquatic insects who not only fly to these, but even try to mate and to over-posit on these glass surfaces. You know, why would they do that? Well, it's pretty obvious that what these reflective surfaces are mimicking is water, and that what these insects have done is they've adapted to sense water through polarized surfaces, and then these man-made reflective surfaces are mimicking that. In fact, they hyper-mimic it. They're more attractive than water. And so that's what's creating this trait to do something which is so bad that it's fatal in the modern environment. So going through a little algorithm, we can say T, the trait, is an attraction to polarized surfaces. E1, the ancestral environment, is the surfaces of water that were present ancestrally and are still present. That's pretty easy. E2 is man-made polarized reflective surfaces. So this is a case of mismatch. Who would doubt it? This is not a just-so story. We have all the evidence we need to call this a case of mismatch. And we can do something about it because knowing the proximate mechanism, it turns out that by the simple remedy of taking non-reflective strips, then what the insects are typically searching for is not just bodies of water, but large bodies of water.  So mission accomplished. Not only have we identified a case of mismatch, but we've done something about it, at least for this example. So sometimes the required evidence is easy to obtain, and sometimes it's difficult. And in the cases that we're most interested in, it can be very difficult indeed. And so human health problems can be enormously complex, making it difficult even to identify the trait. I'm going to dwell on this theme a little more. Take a disease such as atherosclerosis. Is that a trait? If so, it's a very complex one, which it consists of many component traits. The salient aspects of the ancestral environment can be much more difficult to determine. It can be lost in time so much more than the reflective surface of water, which was present, both past and present. Many aspects of the ancestral environment is very difficult for us to infer. Not impossible, just hard. And then the salient aspects of the current environment can be much more difficult to determine than man-made reflective surfaces. So establishing a case of mismatch can be much more difficult. And then there are complications, which actually I did not consider until I started this project began, and we began to discuss this. This to me is one of the most interesting ones. Typically, when we think of mismatch, we think that the trait is stable. It's adaptive in E1, then the environment changes, and it becomes maladaptive in E2. Yet, we all know that developmentally, most traits evolve by virtue of a gene-by-environment interaction. There's an interaction between gene expression and in the environment in the development of most traits. And if that's the case, if the trait is a product of a gene-by-environment interaction, then when you change the environment, you might change the trait, in addition to just changing the fitness associated with that trait. And that's different. That's a different way of thinking about it. And back to atherosclerosis. We know from work that's been done that in populations subsisting on a pre-agricultural diet, the trait of atherosclerosis, it actually doesn't exist. There's nothing to measure. So when you change the environment, then you get the disease. You can measure it. It's genetically heritable, all that stuff. And yet, the trait did not exist in the ancestral environment. So these are very interesting new ways of thinking about mismatch. Again, I get to amplify what Dan said in his talk that one problem with the study of evolution, even among the professionals, is that it's very gene-centric. You say evolution, people think genes. But evolution is not about genes. Evolution is about heredity. And genes provide one mechanism of heredity.  And so the question about epigenetics is timely. And then there's mechanisms that have to do with learning, social learning, which exists in many species, and symbolic thought, which is the basis of human cultural evolution that's nearly restricted to humans. And for every evolutionary process, no matter what the mechanism of inheritance, and no matter how fast or slow, there is an EEA. And so the concept of mismatch exists for every evolutionary process, no matter how fast or slow. And these all interact with each other. And so when we say ancestral, we should not think too narrowly about genetically ancestral. We need to be smart about thinking about evolution as something which goes beyond genetic evolution. And mismatch is something which applies to all evolutionary processes. And so all of this seems so very complex, and it is so very complex. I want to address this issue by actually quoting from our paper just a few paragraphs here. So the prospects for working out such a complex story might seem daunting. But consider the plight of a biomedical scientist trying to understand the causes of atherosclerosis without the help of evolutionary theory. They're faced with the same problem of understanding a complex interaction between a set of traits in the organism and a set of traits in the current environment, leading to pathological consequences. Is their plight more or less daunting than the plight of the evolutionist? We think that the problem faced by the evolutionist is more tractable because evolutionary theory offers an abundance of testable hypotheses that might not occur otherwise. This raises an important point about the just-so-story accusation that merits discussion in general terms before returning to the subject of mismatch. Just-so-story is just another term for untested hypothesis. The purpose of any theory is to generate hypotheses which always start out as untested. If hypotheses motivated by evolutionary theory were somehow less testable than other hypotheses, then they could be regarded as deficient, but there's no warrant for making this claim. Evolutionary theories for cundity as a generator of testable hypotheses should therefore be regarded as an asset rather than as a liability. It's not evolution that makes this stuff complex. It is complex. And it's evolution that makes it actually less complex by navigating this complex topic and generating many, many testable hypotheses. So the bottom line is that understanding cases of evolutionary mismatch impacting health, yes, it will be very complicated. Evolutionary theory is required to navigate the complexity. The best that any theory can do is to suggest alternative hypotheses. And unless there's an empirical research program for testing the hypotheses, they will remain just-so-stories. And so if we don't have good theory and a very strong and productive empirical research program, forget about it. We'll all just be speculating. And that will be all there is to it. And so if we look at current evidence for mismatch, especially in relation to diet, what we find is a lot of circumstantial evidence. And as far as we can tell, a very few direct tests of pre versus post-agricultural diets. So few that you can almost literally count them on one hand. Five is what I'm saying. So, and there's more challenges. Very few of us are gonna get an R01 grant, face it. And furthermore, even if we did the kind of tightly controlled studies have their own liabilities. Because in the first place, they're hard to implement. And when you do implement, you can't duplicate exactly the right conditions. And so they're not robust to changes. And so what we need is a new model of scientific research that can be conducted by multiple researchers in real-world settings with whatever the resources are at hand. Don't wait for the money, should be our model. And so this is the spirit in which we are trying to design our EVOS lifestyle project. I'm doing this with my graduate students, Sudhinder Gow, who's right there. So please memorize his face and talk to him and me during the workshop. So we're trying to create this framework for testing hypotheses about diet, exercise, and social organization in real-world settings. What we're trying to create is a standardized protocol that can be used by multiple investigators with background and outcome variables that could be measured at low cost. Actually, for all of the things we wanna measure, we wanna come up with low-cost measures that just about anybody can do. Plus, better measures that are high-cost for those that can do them. So why EVOS and not Paleo? Oh, I think there's a lot in a name and this is important to get through. So if by ancestral environment, if that meant the Paleolithic era, and if diet during this period was unambiguously healthy, then the term Paleo diet would be well-chosen. In other words, the ancestral diet in the ancestral environment would be good for us, the diet in the modern environment would be bad for us, and it would be just a matter of picking an ancestral Paleo diet. That's not that simple. In fact, we have all four combinations. What we eat in the ancestral and modern environment could be either good or bad. And so therefore, basically we're using evolutionary theory to assemble a good lifestyle and that might include elements of the ancestral environment or not. Therefore, we think that the EVOS diet and evolutionary studies diet is a more appropriate label than the Paleo diet. And the factors that we need to vary include not only diet and exercise, but also social organization. So, and this is all familiar to you, humans evolved in the context of small group, social interactions, and this leads to a very interesting question. If we're trying to assemble a healthy lifestyle, could we do this better as groups than as individuals? Could we use groups in order to accomplish an ancestral, a healthy diet? And the literature on this is also amazingly skimpy. Amazingly skimpy as to the question of individuals versus groups. And of course, all of these major categories require many, many comparisons within them. Many diets, many exercise regimes, many forms of social organization. So we have a huge parameter space to explore. How can we systematically explore this parameter space given the resources at hand? And so what we intend to do is a small number of planned comparisons, which can expand with the number of people doing it. And so we wanna pick initially two diets. So we'll have diet one versus diet two. Two social conditions, group versus individual. And then we wanna track as many variables as possible for correlation analysis, which we can then on the basis of the correlation analysis, then we can do new planned comparisons. And as I think you can see, this is gonna involve many, many repetitions. And that's why we need multiple investigators following a single protocol. And so the protocol needs to cover all of these points here, recruitment of participants. We need a randomized design, interventions, outcome measures. All of this decided hopefully by a consortium of researchers. So we've made quite a bit of progress developing the protocol. At this point we wanna assemble a consortium of researchers so we can agree upon the protocol and then begin to use it. For our purposes, we're gonna be recruiting participants from our university and our community. One great thing about the Binghamton Neighborhood Project is that we're in the city and in the community, in the neighborhood so that we can draw people from all walks of life, all ages. So that's a great asset. We're necessarily going to be opportunistic in our recruitment process. This again is important of just using, accepting the variation that's going to exist in real world settings. Cause if the difference is not robust enough to apply across a heterogeneous sample then this, maybe we shouldn't be so interested in it. Or if it only works for some and not others then we can use the correlation analysis to identify those interaction effects. DNA samples and genealogy is very important so we wanna get ancestry data, both self-report and a DNA sample for every subject. And so here are some of the details that we've arrived at ourselves and I wanna just kind of zip through these because the details are not so important at this point other than to say that we're close to developing our own protocol and it's a good time for us to consult with you about them. What's my time? I wanna do a time check at this point. Okay, I'm doing good. Okay, so obviously based on, we need to screen people. It needs to be above the age of 18. It needs to be exclusion criteria and so we need to basically have two conditions, two diets individual and group and so our expectations is, our preliminary expectations are that the best outcomes are going to be in a EVOS diet and our comparison diet is going to be USDA, it could be something else but currently we're choosing a USDA diet. And so here's the two diets. The USDA diet there, you can read down. There's many paleo diets. Here's the one that we've tentatively happened upon. Down here, it's important to stress that the purpose of this is not necessarily to lose weight. It's to adopt two different diets. Some people might wanna lose weight on this diet, some people might not and so that's something that we need to incorporate in this design. And to say a little bit about the psychological aspects of this, so when people have diet problems, it's that's because they have underlying psychological problems and the therapy for that is often to get them to step back and to realize that what they wanna do is not really to lose weight, is to do something else. And so this design in which the object is not necessarily to lose weight, accommodates that kind of variation which I think is important. And so individuals versus groups, for the individual treatment, the participants will interact directly with the investigators but there'll be no interactions among the participants. And for the group treatments, participants will form a club basically. So what this means is that if you were to become involved in this project, if you could assemble as few as five or 10 individuals, then those five or 10 individuals would be randomly allocated to one of these treatments, one of the diets and the individual versus the group treatment. In the group treatment, they would be introduced to each other and they would form a group and then that group would start to think about how they can work as a group, how they can cooperate, not only with respect to such things as morale boosting and so on but also that just the nuts and bolts, if we're gonna do this just logistically, what would make it easier for ourselves? And there's certain principles, design features that cause just about any group to function well as adaptive units, which is the subject of prosocial or other project. So that we can coach these groups and basically how to function well as cooperative groups at the same time and then we can apply that to their specific objective of just doing well in this experiment that they're formed the group to do. And eager to talk to you more about prosocial, a kind of a separate project which overlaps with this project in which our groups are groups that are adopting this diet. And so we wanna get background and outcome measures for a large number of categories that you see here. So we wanna have measures of all of these things that range from easy to measure that just about anybody can do to more sophisticated measures. And let me zoom in on a few of these range of measures, some low cost so that extensive resources are not required to participate. And so here's some of the biomedical measures that we have listed in our protocol so far. And enough is known so that we have expectations basically so that we can make predictions as to what the EVOS diet is likely to do. Again, I don't wanna concentrate on the details here only to say that enough is known so that we're not on a total fishing expedition there. We have some fairly concrete expectations that we can go on here. And here we go for anthropometric measurements. We have weight, BMI, waist to high ratio, bioelectrical impedance analysis, skin fold calipers. A lot of these are easy to do so that just about anybody could get these measurements. We're gonna have fitness assessment measures which are also quite easy to incorporate this protocol. And so again, we have expectations for all of these so that we can be not just in fishing expedition mode. Yes, we need to do a diet log and we need to select something which is there's lots of web-based stuff that's out there. We hope to get something that's free because we're trying to drive the cost down. Maybe we'll get some of the ones that have a fee associated. These are all decisions that we need to make. And then cognitive performance I think is very important that we wanna include measures of cognitive performance. So and again, there's a large number of options that we want to incorporate into our protocol. A lot of hypotheses that are based on circumstantial evidence that we now want to test directly. Ancestry is huge because there's evolution operates on all different time scales so we need to know ancestry. And also with a DNA sample, then we can go for specific candidate genes. We could be very sophisticated that if we build up a inventory of DNA samples. Easy to get the samples, easy to store them and then that can be the basis of analysis as we build up our capacity. Okay, so here's what I've tried to do in this talk. First, I've tried to clarify the concept of evolutionary mismatch. Second, to stress the need for both theory and empirical research. And then finally to discuss our effort to create a framework for having this balanced approach and especially a plan for an ambitious research program that can be conducted by multiple investigators on the basis of whatever resources are at hand. To repeat, there is a tremendous reservoir of interest and capacity in this audience. So many people are interested in this and yet it's not resulting in that much science coming out the other and it can if we coordinate. And so that's why I'm so happy to speak to you at this symposium on the first day and I've left quite a bit of time for questions. If you wanna come involved, please talk with Surtur with me and we can collaborate on the development of the protocol and trials can begin as early as this fall. We hope to begin trials as early as this fall. So thank you very much. It is impossible that there are no questions. Yes. I just wanna go up to the microphone. You had stated that your hypotheses were that the B would be greater than A but greater than D, greater than C. Do you have, have you formally stated those hypotheses and is there going to be prospective hypotheses set or is it all gonna be retrospective once you just have an idea of when the data is ready? Do you have specific end points for the trial and number of patients that are gonna be collected? All right, well with these trials we expect on the basis of the small literature that exists there are gonna be 12 week trials and then with follow up because the previous studies indicate that you can get an effect in 12 weeks. And we expect the pre-agricultural diet to exceed the USDA diet and we expect dieting and groups to be more successful than dieting as individual. We also have hypotheses about the specific improvements but we also expect those to change because we have this sort of intermediate level of knowledge. We don't know nothing and yet at the same time there's all sorts of surprises that we're going to have and so we feel that that's the best that we can do without being too specific. I guess what I was getting at is do you have the trial powered for statistical validity so that once the data is collected it can be used and maybe used as a registry for others if they want to conduct their own trials in the future, create a performance goal from the data that you've then collected? Yeah, right and so that's where we have the idea of kind of an accumulating the sample size so as these come in, we'll have the first group and it'll be randomly assigned so that there will be a randomization plan and as these groups accumulate then the sample size will build up. At some point we'll get firm conclusions and at that point we can go on to another set of comparisons, a more focused set of comparisons. Just as for instance, as Sudha and I were talking there's a question as to whether the difference is among grains so maybe it turns out that rice is not bad for you even though other grains are. In that case you could assemble at some point you can make that be the plan comparison but all of this requires just enough people doing it so that we can generate these sample sizes in order to make these comparisons and that can be done in an accumulative fashion. Great, thank you. The paleo diet is, I understand it the list of forbidden foods is based upon hunter-gatherers all over the world, all right? And they all seem to have these things in common. So I wonder if doing all this DNA analysis is kind of a expensive distraction from what you're trying to accomplish. Well, I would disagree and in the first place obtaining the DNA is not expensive at all. All you'd have to do is swish your mouth with scope mouthwash and you've got your sample and it can be in a repository and then we have that data. I think that ancestry is going to be hugely important. There's quite a lot of evidence for example that the reason that people of African heritage have more health problems than people of European heritage is because simply they have not had that history of genetic adaptation to agricultural diets as much. So I think that one it's extremely important to include ancestry and there's two ways to do this. One is just by self-report where did your ancestors come from? People know to a pretty good degree. And then the final degree of resolution is the DNA. And then finally for a real fine grain analysis this is gonna boil down to specific genes. And so it's so easy to get the DNA at the beginning and destroy it but why wouldn't we do that? And then as we build up capacity then we could actually use this very important form of information. What are your parameters for deciding what a group is? Are you going to use electronic groups or physical groups? Oh that's a great example, a great question. And I think that our preference would be for physical groups. Those groups could be assisted as that would be just fine. And then in cases where electronic groups is the only option then we should probably try that too and I think that we need to incorporate this degree of flexibility in our design. And then of course we need to track that so that we can do correlation analysis to see how well they succeed. But I think the preference would be in the first place for the groups to be as real groups as possible. But in the second place to give the groups a lot of discretion about how they organize themselves because it turns out one of the major design principles for groups functioning well is self-determination. And so you don't want to do top down so this is how your group must be. This is a group which needs to make its own decisions and to create its own rules. Therefore if we need to measure that and track that and that becomes kind of a cultural evolutionary process in its own right, we can see which groups worked well better than others and then we can take those what they did and we could import that so that we could actually manage the cultural evolutionary process. Okay, I predict you're gonna have some problems with retention in your standard American diet group unless you have some sort of weightless control. So at the end of 12 weeks that group can then participate in the 12 week dietary intervention. I think without, plus you'd also have the strength of a crossover. So I'd suggest that you consider a weightless control. Thank you very much and so that would either be, basically there's a waiting period before you go on the diet or there'd be a switch so that once you're on one diet you can go on the other diet. Exactly, yes that would be. A crossover I think would yield a wealth of information. Thank you and so please contact us so that you can get involved in our process. I am gonna come out and help you guys, yes. I have a somewhat similar question that the previous person at this microphone had regarding the physical versus electronic groups and as I look out across I have some of my mentors out here. I have some of my colleagues. They were all my online groups when I began. So I think most of the people in here and I'm speaking just for myself really thrived on the online presence of this society. So I would just second your statement for having flexibility because I think we're all somewhat product of online groupings and in this fast-paced age. It'd be kind of a practical for me to meet with 10 other people. Yeah, we're vastly expanding. The joy was last year's meeting a lot of these people that I met online like Aaron and so forth. So I just wanna throw that out there for you. Yeah, thank you very much. I mean, we could be much more systematic than we are and yet at the same time there will be inherent variability and so we simply have to manage that trade off. Yes, Mike, time is up. Oh, did I go to the right? One more, please. My question's about metrics. Would there be any way to look at tooth decay in the two different groups? I was involved with a Nessent meeting this spring on evolutionary dentistry. Right. And we looked backwards, but you could actually be looking forward. I don't know if you're running the tests that long. Oh, very interesting. So tooth decay would be something that I had not thought of but also something which might not take place in a 12-week period but certainly among the variables could well be included. Thanks. Yeah, okay. Yes, thank you very much. Thank you.


I decided I was going to calculate it exactly how many hours I spent studying in medical school. Here's what I found. But first, here's a quick overview of how medical school works. The first two years of medical school are spent in the classroom actually learning the medicine and the next two years are typically spent in rotations like surgery, opi-guide, internal medicine, pediatrics, learning and practicing. Now for me, my school did the first two years in one and a half years leaving two and a half years for everything else. So let's break down each of these by exactly how many hours I studied. Now starting with my first semester in medical school, this was by far the busiest of them all because one, I had no idea what I was doing. Two, I had anywhere from three to four classes plus a lab to study for. And three, each of those classes could have anywhere from 15 to 30 pages of material per lecture. And because I didn't know what I was doing from Monday to Friday, I was easily pulling 10 hours a day including lecture. And then on Saturdays and Sundays, I was easily studying eight hours each day. And that was just to keep my head above water and to study the basic material. But every three to four weeks, I had an exam and I was easily adding anywhere from two to three hours a day to my total daily average. So on a monthly basis that comes out to 66 hours on my quote lighter week, multiply that by three weeks for a total of 198 hours. And if you add an extra three hours per day on an exam week, that comes to 87 hours. And so that brings a ridiculous total for the first semester at 285 hours or about 9.5 hours a day over the span of 30 days. Now each semester of medical school was about four and a half months. So when you put it all together, that means my first semester I studied an insane 1282 hours. Now going into semester number two, this was my victory semester for a few reasons. One, we had to do less classes and two, I was much more efficient. I completely changed how I studied in medical school. And instead of doing things that didn't work for me like going to classes, I completely skipped class and started getting into my personal strategy ASAP. And that helped decrease my setting hours by a lot. For example, on Monday to Friday, I was easily setting now only six hours a day plus about two hours of lab work per week for a total of 32 hours. And on Saturdays and Sundays, because now I had a plan, I was typically taking a half day on both and now setting a grand total eight hours over the weekend. And so that brings our total to 40 hours on a lighter week compared to 66 hours just a semester before. And when it came time to study for an exam, I was adding about two hours per day from Monday to Friday and about four hours total on the weekend for a grand total of 54 hours on my exam prep week. And so that brings our total monthly average to 174 hours or a total of 783 hours for the entire semester compared to the 1282 hours we had just a semester before. I would consider that to be much, much better. Now a quick breakdown of semester three, everything felt super streamlined. So every day felt like I was both learning as well as preparing for the exam. So my lighter weeks went from 40 hours on average to 34 hours. My exam weeks went from 54 hours to 45 bring our monthly average during semester three to 145 hours per month in a grand total of 652.5 hours in the semester compared to the 1282 hours that we started with. And that also brings the grand total of probably the busiest part of a medical school when you're in the classroom my first year and a half to a total of 2,717 hours and a half as if that half hour did anything. But unfortunately for me, I still have an extra two and a half years left of medical school, but we're going to go ahead and break down each of those in quick categories. A category number one is US MLE step one. This is a license exam that we take about midway through medical school, where I studied about 10 hours on average for over six days over the span of about five and a half weeks for a grand total of 330 hours. The next big category is clinical rotations. This is where you're actually in the hospital practicing what you've learned and the grunt of that took span over 12 months. This is where I was doing rotations in internal medicine, surgery and family medicine and psychiatry and pediatrics and et cetera. And my hours during these rotations varied as early as 4am or 8am depending on the rotation ending to about 5 to 7pm. Now I'm not going to count the time that I was in the hospital at studying time because I wasn't always studying, although you could argue that it was studying in one sense or another, but typically in a rotation I was spending about at least an hour of some kind of work that I got done while I was in the hospital of studying and then extra two to three hours when I came home. And I was doing this on average about six days in a week. And at the end of these rotations I had to take an exam to show that I mastered the topic so I was typically adding an extra hour to my normal studying. Now to break this down most rotations were anywhere from four to eight weeks bringing the average to about six weeks and so over the span of six of those weeks for those weeks I was studying my typical 24 hours and then about two of those weeks my hours increased about an average of 36 hours. And so that means over the next 12 months over rotations I studied about 1456 hours. Unfortunately and we're not done the next big category that you have to study for in medical school is taking step two. This is your second license exam that you typically take towards the end of medical school. For me I was studying about six hours a day over the span of four weeks over the span of six days a week for a grand total of 144 hours. And the final major category is my fourth year of medical school plus some research time. Now this is by far the lightest part of medical school in terms of studying hours because now you're preparing for your future career less so about studying for an upcoming exam. So your rotations are lighter and often you don't have an exam at the end of each month so an average of studying about four hours a week or 16 hours a month. Bringing your grand total during your fourth year plus some research time to about 130 hours. And so when you add all of that up we come to a grand total of 4,777 and a half hours spent studying medical school. Now don't get me wrong that is definitely a lot of hours but I could have easily spent hundreds to thousands of more hours if I didn't learn to study the right way. So if you're interested in that one strategy that changed the game for me that second semester go to this episode right here on how I use Anki like a pro using some advanced strategies. In this episode right here on how I studied in medical school step by step. As always my friends thanks for being a part of my journey. Hopefully that was a little help to you guys on yours now catch you guys in the next one. Peace.


Welcome to the club. It's bell time. My name is Drew because we joined at this time to my left Joey business and to my right Greatness Himself Chad epic.   I'm doing for a trip to the dentist. That's fine He could do it himself or he could just get his kid to do it for him either way T Phoenix ten years ago Gave me my first opportunity in independent wrestling. Oh, so it's his fault. I mean I mean he's yeah Oh, no, you got a problem with me blame him He was the first man to put me in front of a camera and give me a microphone and for independent professional wrestling Well, I'll tell you we don't see this every day father taking on son in the ring and right here at Fenway Park This is going to be unbelievable folks can't wait for this one Yeah, that's exciting father versus son. You think anyone's going to the wood shed today Well, if you've ever seen T Phoenix work, he got a bust a cap with his hand in someone's face and Here comes his son You know the old saying the apple doesn't fall far from the tree Sure, that's a lot of crap when it comes to these two Big Papa Phoenix wants to pop people in his son. He's in love with the camera I don't know if you saw this. He just shot his dad a look That could break glass No smoldering he's too young to know smolder. I got a dig. I love the entrance. I love the song He's a cocky What was that business is he cocky or confident? There's a fine line between cocky cocky and confident and unfortunately for him He walks it like a DUI at two o'clock in the morning coming back from Cal oons. Oh My god, yeah, we still got to get on that later You're still waiting for John Cena senior that day. You know what I got to break the news to you We went he took us to dinner. We just didn't invite you. Oh, wow. You missed it Attention to detail that point nine nine nine pounds. That's a nice touch. You got to get it, right? I Don't say he's a buck over 125 So does anyone have the number for DSS down Rhode Island Because I think our son's about to get put to the woodshed for all the times that he didn't clean his room for all the times That he came home late dad is going to Take a little bit of that aggression out on son or Is it for all the times that he was punished for not cleaning his room and for coming home light? Well son take the aggression out on dad. This is gonna be interesting Handshake, huh? Oh look at that. He told him. I love you pop. You don't see this every day, but oh look at this My god Release suplex. Here we go again Hey friends of friends blood is thicker than water, but this this is business Hey, you see oh look at this. You see the wings on AJ's tight tee eat launch. He got launched by his dad Missed that massive clothesline wait a minute. Wow breaker Bring some down to the ground Phoenix versus Phoenix No, look at this.  They did a congratulations Chad Very impressive Chad, of course back to the action at hand AJ in AJ this kid's been wrestling since he was nine years old. I want to remember the wait a minute. Oh Scrap buster on Papa knows best on that one he caught him off Well that what you alluded to a second ago They're very few that move around the ring with as much grace and precision as AJ P and he's shown us that here today But right now He's in a lot of trouble is dead T Phoenix got him up. See these he's been around the ring since he's nine.  That was a really smart smart strategy. Well, he had his dad's number and uh Got the roll up for the one two three AJ P now Well, it's you know, you gotta That's gotta be proud of his son, man. Yeah, yeah, maybe held back because it was his kid. Look at this There we go. That's what I like to see Well done well done That's something nice. You don't see that every day Special woman here at Fenway Park. All right in the Phoenix family now Wait a minute. What's this hold on a second? What's happening right now?


I'm Amanda Sterling. I'm 30 years old, and I'm the Vulcan Program Operations Lead. And I started working at ULA in about, I think, 2013. My first job was as a structural analyst, so I was working on the Atlas launch system, helping to design different components that go on the Centaur upper stage. And then when we started the Vulcan program, I got transferred over to that program and have really got to be there from the ground up. One of the key things is that we always make sure that we have enough extra performance in our launch systems to be able to dispose of the upper stage after it's spent, after we're done using it. So we do that on our Atlas and Delta rockets, and that's a part of the design and the baseline for the Vulcan rocket as well. So we'll be able to send those upper stages either to a beyond Earth trajectory to maintain a non-useful orbit around the Earth or to completely deorbit it so it's not up there at all. Ensuring that that's still a part of what we're doing. We're not leaving things up there that don't need to be up there and contributing to the orbital debris problem in space. Be really involved. It's really important to be good at your job and what you do, but also to better yourself. It's really important to explore other areas of your company to really understand why you're doing what you're doing and what your mission is and connecting to that because it's more than just for me, it's more than just an engineering job where you're just designing a component. It's about mission success. It's about providing assured access to space and launching satellites that are important to the government, to NASA, national security, all those types of things. And that's really what drives me. And so I think if you really can connect to that mission and get involved in your company outside of just what the paper says your job is supposed to be, that would be my biggest piece of advice.


Your coca-cola bottler presents Claudia Claudia based on the famous play and novels by Rose Franken Brought to you transcribed Monday through Friday by your friendly neighbor who bottles coca-cola Relax and while you're listening refresh yourself have a coke and now Claudia New York Think we're going to New York Wonderful dinner wasn't it what a cook birthday is Say David put down your pipe and listen to me for a minute Maybe you haven't told me when we're going to New York David No, you're you speaking to me. We are alone together. So I imagine yes What's on your mind David pay attention, please. I'm paying attention.  I don't believe you hear half the things I say Have you or have you not decided when we're going to New York? Do you have to know this instant? Yes, it would help why because I have to I have to cancel the newspapers We'll only be gone for two three days David's extravagant not to decide fritz and bertha read the paper No, they don't they prefer theirs in German. They said so, Claudia We are merely going to stay in New York for a few days 40 miles away But I have to arrange things 40 miles or 4,000 miles You mean you want to make a production of this when you're only a man you wouldn't understand I understand I go to New York every morning and it's as simple as pie because I'm left behind to keep the home fires burning under The pie fritz and bertha will be here exactly so I have to tell them how to keep the home fires burning They need your help as much as Carter needs liver pills. That's a nice thing to say to me dad You made me feel really good fine David listen when are we planning to stay in New York? I don't know yet tomorrow Next day, maybe so soon I thought the whole point was to save wear and tear and the rest of this week's going to be a heavy week for me And the way it looks now I'll have to work Saturday and Sunday. So so soon Good heavens. I better get hold of bertha right this minute I'll call you from the office tomorrow and if I'm going to be late again tonight while You can come down and join me and we'll stay at mama. Oh, yeah, I wish I'd known why well because Oh, well you wouldn't understand you women are always making everything so complicated.  Let me see. I have to give bertha a list of telephone numbers she may need And instructions about the baby Our um Are you finished with me? What David may I smoke my pipe now?  Yeah, this is not me in a moment Well, I don't want to rush you or anything, but when you're finished with the dishes Can you come inside? That is, I mean if you're not planning anything else this evening. No, no, no Oh, Fritz and I decided not to go to the ball tonight. Oh good. So we stay home So I have nothing else to do I come right in no, no, no hurry. We have all evening Oh, let me get some paper and pencil so I can jot down a few notes operation new york What was that nothing? Only I was just commenting to myself that eisenhower could have used a man like you by side Well, thank you, David I just figure it makes everything so simple for everybody when one person knows what she's doing. Don't you do? Yeah, now, let me see marketing list and uh telephone numbers Baby instructions, you mean you're going to give bertha instructions on the baby I was rather under the impression that bertha had been taking care of the baby all along Yes, but I was here. Oh, you were here. That's quite a difference First time since the baby that I walked out of the house and closed the door on and behind me Do you think it'll miss us the house? It will pine away All of the paneling will drip the baby. I wonder if he'll be conscious or not of our being here That little uh, watch what you say. He's my son treat my half carefully I was going to say that little darling. That's better. He's not conscious of anything except his meals. That's not true and you know it It's very bright Forward the mail You don't realize the trouble is you don't realize it's just as much trouble to go away for two days as is for two months Well, then let's go for two months. Oh, no, I could never arrange that so quickly. Oh, I see Did you tell mama we're coming in? No, not yet. I thought you could call her as soon as we decided Well, I don't suppose malin needs fair warning. Heavens knows she's never had it before The only thing mama ever had fair warning to expect was the baby. I thought I'm good that did her Oh, would be nice if one didn't know what a baby was coming. Don't you think sort of a pleasant surprise? But I'll talk to dr. Barry about it. Yes, I will. Let me see now. What else did I better remember to remember?   I'm thinking Miraculous and goods and baby foods call the laundry call the cleaners Oil David. I'm impressed. Now that's news. I had no idea it was so complicated to run a house Which just goes to show you that people don't know about things until they stop things. All right So now I'm all finished. Good evening, mr. Norton birtha You say that as if you hadn't seen me all evening. I'm sorry. I still speak in that old european way I'll try it'll be more easy. No, no, no, the world can stand a whiff of old europe now and again Now David just hide behind your newspaper for five minutes when you darling birtha and I have important things to discuss Well, I'll help.  Go on. Here's your paper.  Norton has just announced to me that we may remain in new york for a few days Possibly until the weekend maybe longer sure. That is a fine idea. Mrs. Norton. You're not upset No, why should I be upset it will be nice for you to get away from the house and the baby And be with your mama for a few days and go to the theater and go dancing. It is right. You should go Listen to her david. Mrs. Norton is disappointed that you're not upset birtha. No, I'm not upset. It is natural and good You're right birtha. It's time. Mrs. Norton got the hay out of her hair the what from where don't pay any attention to her birtha He's being pixie and he anyway. It's a good thing. You are young. Enjoy yourself. Thank you Thank you and do not worry about the thing between fritz and me We take care of everything. Oh, I'm not going to worry about anything While you and fritz will probably manage a lot better without us than with us agreed Your newspaper david What about it read it and stop eaves dropping not even one little eve not even Now birtha, I made a list here of a few things for you just to make it simpler I see I'll try to get all the marketing done tomorrow before leaving And I got a whole pile of baby food, you know, he's died, of course. Mrs.  But who cares about saving time? Time I have plenty.  He likes it and I know what is in it Oh birtha, you're hopeless. You know, you're spoiling that baby something terrible I like to spoil him. He likes to be spoiled. So we are both happy. All right cut off the baby food Well, here's the telephone number the cleaners in case you want to send something They'll pick it up, you know 75 cents to clean the blouse, huh and give you new spots I clean just as well Well, here's the telephone number the cleaners just in case and here's the number of the laundry If you are not here, we will not have laundry a little birdie told me that another little birdie was making a list for nothing Go back to your paper. No, what else mrs. Norton? Well, now let me see there's dr. Barry's phone number here in case you want to ask him anything about the baby What would I want to ask dr. Barry? Well, nothing except he's the baby doctor. You might just want to ask him something I know our baby better than dr. Knows him. David. What do I do with her agree with her? Bertha is the only woman who shows any sense about taking care of children. No, I wouldn't say that mrs. Norton She has sense too, but different. Thank you, Bertha And soon she will have experience that is even better all the superstition and fuss about having children Oh, it's nonsense Babies will grow into children and children will grow into grown-ups and we are not going to change one little thing I couldn't agree with him or children are here to stay Children have been born for two million years and they will be born as long as the world lasts So dr. Barry and baby foods really aren't very important. I know I have six we thank you We retire even I agree Oh bertha their extra safety pins in the bottom door of his little commode Yeah, I'm I'm writing that down for you so you don't have to remember it if I need safety pins I find safety pins Let me see what else he'll need that you might not know about. If nobody minds I still think that this is too much preparation for one little baby. I mind and nobody is interested in what you think It is her first baby, mr. Norton. You would be worried if there was no preparation at all That's telling him bertha. Well in that case darling, I think you've forgotten a few things. I have Hey, where are you going? No just out in the hall I don't trust you or don't pay any attention to me Mrs. Norton everything will be just like usual They the baby will eat the baby will sleep the baby will cry the baby will gargle the baby Do not worry yourself. How can I worry with you here bertha? Ah, here you are darling. Now bertha if it rains make him wear his rub Oh David you don't and don't let him go out without his umbrella. Listen don't open it in the house It's bad luck. His raincoat now and his walking stick I make him take them all and bertha if he sneezes say gizuntai translated that is god bless you and if he cries Give him a handkerchief. Yeah, and if he stops growing give him cod liver oil one or two spoonfuls Oh two two. Yeah, and if he gets dirty wash him wash if he wakes up put him to sleep And if he wants to drive the truck I give him the case perfect perfect any more eventualities now There is absolutely no telling just how long we'll be gone and bertha I wouldn't want to leave unless I was sure that you were fully prepared Bertha don't mind mr. Naughton.  So I don't mind Listen bertha. We'll talk about the rest of this tomorrow behind mr. Naughton's back Yeah, everything is always easier behind the husband's back. Good night And sweet dreams. Good night and thanks It'll be like a honeymoon again, david. What'll be new york only I can be all ready by tomorrow What on earth else is there for you to do? I don't know, but I'm I'm trying to think of something My darling Stop trying to be indispensable david am I Golly an indispensable woman must be an awful pain in the neck At least a woman who tries to be well You don't have to try to be bertha doesn't she is indispensable Mm-hmm. So are you no, I'm afraid I'm not David I I do just want to be a little bit indispensable to you Am I Come over here mrs. Naughton I'll show you just how indispensable you are This broadcast of claudio was supervised and directed by william brown maloney One of the pleasant services we're all beginning to take for granted is coke at the movies There's something especially friendly and sociable about being able to step up for a coke before or after the show Right in the theater lobby It's a logical place for the pause that refreshes with ice cold coca-cola Every day monday through friday claudio comes to you transcribed with the best wishes of your friendly neighbor who bottles coca-cola So listen again tomorrow at the same time And now this is joe king saying or it war And remember Whoever you are whatever you do wherever you may be When you think of refreshment think of coca-cola For coca-cola makes any pause the pause that refreshes And ice cold coca-cola is everywhere


There we go, so here we are a second meeting of the G-Soc Jenkins Docker base quick start It's our first weekly meeting. We had the kickstart meeting last week and Today we have of course, I should wash be a viento and also Jean-Marc Just listening for the time being I Hope said we'll join a few minutes from now. So of course last meeting was what? Four days ago. So not so much was done during last meeting and Now and of course, it was a weekend also. So that's also why we didn't progress that much So we had a list of action items when we saw each other Last week there were some things I had to do some things I should wash had to do and a few things got checked So we have progressed So we now have the zoom meeting invite Link to the Jenkins account. That's why we are able to record and the recording will be available then later on on the community Jenkins IO website in the post that we created especially for that The first video of the first meeting has been posted on these community posts, so I've done my shores I Was supposed to start a discussion also with the infrared team because as you know, we hope to have our Docker base quick start examples part of the Jenkins IO website and tested on a regular basis So we'll have to discuss with the infrared team so that they can help us to automate that So I started that last Friday and And We'll discuss about that later on but we will have to create a post on community genkin dot IO and tag people from the infrared team So we can discuss with the infrared team and the rest of the community about this automation process Then I should have had to create a Google calendar meeting invite which he did because we are the four of us in this meeting so that worked and And while it was supposed to give to create to modify sorry that document of You know the GSOC document linked to this project on the Jenkins IO website, which he did during the weekend Thanks, baby unto for your review by the way because it allowed it to be merged. So that's first win congrats for for that And that's there are also a few action items that we didn't have time to do So I put them with all their action items on the action items of today There we go. So Actually, how are you feeling today about the progress and the project in general? Yes, I'm feeling good. The only thing left was the blog I'm working on it right now. I think I'll complete it today. So I'll I'll post it in draft as a draft PR Since you mentioned it in notes. Yeah, the thing is I was That's not a problem at all But I was kind of frustrated because I saw that you created a pull request and say, um, I Won't have a look at this during the weekend because we didn't ask Ashutosh to work on the weekend But he did nonetheless and I wanted to review it this morning And then I discovered that the aviento you had reviewed it that Chris had pinged us and That it was already merged which is fine because of course my review would have been looks good to me So no value added on my side. So just during the weekend If the other are okay with that Maybe you could create a draft pull request instead of a pull request. So that Mentors can have a bit of time to assess and to review the PR. I know it's not 100% Fine because our meeting in on Monday pretty early for us in Europe So If ever you were making a draft PR We wouldn't maybe not be able to Review or get it merged before the meeting, but yeah, I don't know. That's just a proposal That's not a strict rule. If you don't agree with that. That's okay with me It's just because I was not able to review during the weekend. I chose I'll keep it in mind to post it as draft PR and on weekends Okay, if you can and you although don't mind fine with me. Thanks for understanding How did you find the review process Ashutosh Review process was I Worked fine for me. Everybody was nice and helped me to Help me with the PR So yeah, it was good So I have a few action items will discuss But you told me that you were already working on the blog post for the project, which is cool So that will be able to tick on before next meeting Then you created I saw that in the Github channel. You just created your own repo To host your experiment. That's right. Yes So I would like to get the link into The project page if that's not an error John Mark should tell us if it is But I think that's the least of the different things should be listed in that project page No, thank you so so like I confirmed is the way to go so you can start with a repo in whichever What's the name on Github domain or Organizational yeah organization exactly just make sure that the links are correctly published to continue and Try to use the PR method is the best way for people to review so Don't push directly to the main branch because then people don't see what's going on and you don't give them a chance to My two cents of advice on that but Well done Thank you, John Mark the thing is we have I Wouldn't say branches, but yes, we will have to write some documentation on Jenkins that I also of course You've got your own fork and you will have to use branches on your fork before making a PR Haven't checked, but of course, I guess that's what you did with your Jenkins project. Okay Because master to master that's a mess But then we have another repo which is not linked to Jenkins that I owe well your story or document compose files for documentation and It would be also fine to use branches for that even if we don't Make pull request to another repo just to keep things well separated and to have a main Branch that always does work and all other that could be called feature branch or whatever Maybe Burviento or say it will have better idea than I have but you know when you're working on a part particular Subset of what we are asking you to do maybe Create a branch and then make a PR to your own main branch So we can review and whenever this will be accepted merge Even if it's your own repo that would be better I guess to have something that always work on the main branch, but I guess that later on we'll have to make another branch on your fork of Jenkins that IO repo So your Docker Composify get integrated into the Jenkins IO website, but for the time being we're working with a standalone repository with your own Examples, but please do use branches Whenever you are starting with a new Docker compose or a new feature that you want to implement But I don't know would you have anything to add regarding branches repose and so on I Think I should just need to add us. I started fewer because sometimes I lost His PR Fine with you. I Don't understand what he said. Can you repeat it? I mean when you create a PR You need to add us the mentors as a review this Okay, okay. I'll do it. I'll remember the next time cool Why are we there it's only the beginning of the meeting Do you plan to take some vacation as you touch and be a viento or Are there a few weeks where you won't be available during the summer? I will probably be Won't be able to work for two three days while I'll be traveling that's it I'll inform you beforehand But it will mostly be two three days not more than that Okay Do as you please the Honest thing I'm asking is to get to know that before it happens No, no rush. No pressure. But whenever you know the dates, please let us know so that we don't expect anything from you during these days I Should take some vacation during July or August, but I don't know yet about the dates So I'll also let you know when I won't be available They have done anything about your time of vacation or anything I don't have any vacation But okay, I have some public quality But not not much Got it. Oh, I should maybe Share my screen because I'm entering some notes and you can see that. Oh I thought I was doing it too bad There we go Okay So what do I have in the action items so I should I'm asking you to Modify so make a new PR if you don't mind about the project page because I'd like to see The link to the community blog post, you know the blog post Which is about The videos and so on you know the meetings I think it would be interesting to have this link in the Jenkins project page Come on Yeah, there you go. The first time being there is only one video and a link to the Google doc But I'd like this link to be part of the Jenkins GSOC project page then Thank you. I would also like to get the link to the weekly zoom meeting that we having now You know on the project page. So if you can extract the URL from the Google calendar invite that would be fine so that if anyone want to join is able to join What else I haven't seen that in the other projects, but if you have it I'd like to add the link to the GSOC office hours on Thursday to link on the project page Because there's already the paragraph some line about the office hours meetings But there is no link for the time being Yeah, I think that's the same thing so I should get rid of that. Okay Then I know it's pretty early But you could start the discussion on community Jenkins.io About the mandatory steps to get automation started, you know, whenever you have a docal compose that does work for you We'd like to add it someday in the Jenkins I.O And it should be linked to an existing documentation But also and at the main point we'd like it to be tested on a regular basis Thanks to the Jenkins infra team. So we have to start the discussion with them And the rest of the community to know how we'll be able to implement that for example They did something special for another GSOC project, which is Jenkins plugin health You know, they had to add something to test regularly and so on. So that's the same kind of things So first thing would be to create a community Jenkins I.O blog post and then tagging the infra team in that post I think I have written something about that Yeah So I have started in discussing with them and they asked me to first create a post in community Jenkins I.O So the whole community knows about that and then I think we they will ask us to create a ticket an issue into their help desk, which is help desk dot I put the link in the action item You know, but first time being we should not create A ticket into the help desk. It's way too early. We don't have anything to share We don't have a docal compose that has been validated by the mentors and so on. So Not need to start that, you know, they'll basically there, but please create Whenever you have time no rush Um a discussion on community jenskins.io. Is it okay for you? Yes, it's okay Okay, cool Uh, what else do I have? Uh, the link to the Gitter channel. Yes, please add that also on the project page And Yeah And that's all I had for the action items I said I would have discussion with the docs seek to know how to modify the existing documentation, but uh first things it's on Thursday, I guess so it won't happen before this Thursday And we don't have anything to propose yet. So I just start the discussion, but There is nothing concrete that I can share with the platform seek for time being so that will just be an introductory discussion Okay for you Cool Yeah, if you want to is there anything you would like to ask to add a comment to question something Okay Thank you Um, Ashutosh What about you? Is there any concern? question I was wondering if the sec team or the infrateem records their meeting so I can get to know the people that work in their teams Yes, indeed The infrateem meeting I should start to search for the links I will write it down And docs office hours So I will let you know, of course, uh, there are some uh videos It's available on the community Jenkins IO by the way, if you make a source about infrateem You should find the videos. There is one post per week because it's on every Tuesday So if you want to see what's going on, it should be fairly easy to find that in community Jenkins IO Uh, most of the time the people we see in the infrateem meetings are Mark Wait, Mark wait um Damien DuPortal Damien DuPortal, I guess Herve Le Meur Stefan Meurl, and I'm there but just listening because I do nothing which has linked to the infrateem I just try to understand what's going on. That's why I'm part of this meeting, but I do nothing in that area And for the docs office hours most of the time, it's also mark wait is just about everywhere and kevin martins And most of the time are also there just to listen to what they have to say I don't participate that much in the documentation part of Jenkins Does that answer your question? Yes, it does. I'll try to see the videos and understand what they work on Okay, there are quite a few hours so It could take some time but on The blog post and on the post which are associated to the videos on coming to Jenkins IO You will find some summaries. So you don't have to listen and watch the whole video Just have a look at a few of them. So you'll see what it's all about and maybe try to find the post on communityjenkins.io Regarding, you know, the modifications the infrateem has done for The Jenkins health plugin, you know, because they had to make something that looks more or less that what they have to do for our project But that's not mandatory. If you don't find it, that's okay. I'll ask it about on Gitter channel If I don't find it Okay, great Um, any other question? No, uh, not right now Okay, so what's missing? I'm looking at my checklist So I think you are kind of familiar with the contributing process So, you know how to use git the workflow the communication channels or that is pretty clear for you, I guess Yes, that's cool Okay The communication channels we agreed to use Gitter Yes For the most part slack is still there But we may not be that active on slack. We do prefer to use Gitter and one of the argument against Slack was that three months from now all we wrote will just disappear because it's a free version Um comparison Gitter should stay as long as Gitter exists hopefully We saw last time that you had your own local development environment And that you were able to launch darker compose command Yes cool What has to be done is to know how you will divide your time Along the next 12 weeks So we should have maybe A quick review on your proposal if you don't mind so we know How you think you will progress during the 12 weeks after the bonding period Okay for you if you have it With you Could you please share your screen or I do it myself if you have a Problem I think Okay Thank you Okay, so automated testing this one may be delayed because it should take some time to discuss with Infra team Uh the documentation could be done in parallel, I guess So coding begins on the 29th. Oh seven days from now scary So define Extend ocular compass file. Okay extend Okay, great So it looks like we're wired for success. That would be cool. So we're not on the Coding period yet. I I know that Should be frustrating for you, but we have to do our shores first. So administrative documentation block post and so on That's the way we're supposed to you If you ever want to start Aside from that a few code A few darker compose or whatever. Of course, you are not restricted You can't do it nonetheless, but we have to do first what we're supposed to do with that time period, you know, we have to Make all the block post the documentation the Discussion channel and so on we have to do that. And then if you still have time, of course, you could start something But that's not mandatory I'm still looking at my checklist Okay, that looks Pretty good for the time being Jean-Marc, why are you there? don't jump on your mic button, but Anything you would like to to say a comment question something I forgot I needed to find a screen back where the zoom meeting is going on Sorry about that. No, it sounds good. So it it sounds you're You're exactly matching the goals of the bonding period and so All lights green go go go Thank you so much, Jean-Marc Yeah, I was afraid I would have forgotten something really important if that's not okay. That's perfect We're here together to Think and put ideas together and adapt to the situation. So Don't worry. Let's go. Thanks a lot Um, I should just in case you would start coding Which I totally understand During for your proposal, um used Blue ocean and so on and I know we already had that discussion Yeah, we don't want to use blue ocean anymore because it's not It won't see any updates or features. Uh, yeah, it's it's officially a end of life and the replacement is still in work So what we would like is to have the simplest jane kins instance possible, which is just one jane kins controller And one j kins agent working together Um, and just one very simple job if you don't mind And that's all Okay, we decided the first one should be the as simple as possible. So Yeah, uh, the thing is we want to Make the path as smooth as possible for newcomers because when I was a newcomer last year I had some trouble Figuring out why I had to create a darker file Why there was blue ocean? Why there were so many cryptic arguments and comments I just want people to make something like darker compose up and down. They've got jane kins working And I think that's the foundation of all the rest of your Project this summer. So please do something as simple as possible And even if there is no job configured for the time being that would even be fine with me, you know, because for jobs you would have to do something Kind of complicated because you have to you know, copy files from the repo From the directory, sorry put it into a github repo and so on that's not, you know It doesn't work out of the box darker with jobs for janking. So even if there is no job fine with me just a controller with uh agent Fine with you Yes, it's fine. Thank you. Thanks a lot. Thanks cool um So I'll write it down if ever as you touch wants to start instance, which is Was controlled with one agent without blue option I think there was something else I wanted to add but I forgot Okay, uh, we'll see um I know i'm getting really pushy on This third example. It's not my gsoc project. It's yours but I let you go for the rest of the project but for the very first step I really want to make it as simple as possible. So Um, don't expect me to be as pushy as I am now for the rest of the project because it's your project but for this one, I know I can be a pain in the neck but It will go away with the rest of the project. I agree with you for being the first one as simple as possible Okay And I know that could prove difficult But whenever you don't agree with me don't hesitate to let me know As I just told you it's not my project. It's yours. Okay The rest you can Uh, do you have anything to add? No, I don't have Cool, uh, any last question or comments? No, not right now Okay, if you have anything, of course, we have the Github channel. So don't hesitate. Yes, uh, I should be Notified whenever something happens on the channel. I think I configured it correctly on my side Uh, Jean-Marc before we wrap it up. Would you have anything to add? No, very good job. You're you moving ahead as I said So cool Thanks a lot for coming. It's Monday morning pretty early for him. So That's uh, very kind of yours to have come to this meeting anyhow um, so it looks like We reached the end So we should see each other one week from now or even sooner than that if we are able to attend GSOC office hours meeting on Thursday And by then whoever has a question or comment or whatever, don't hesitate to use the Github channel This video should be posted on the community blog posts Within 24 hours If you ever forgot what we said, it should be there. Okay Thanks a lot everyone have a wonderful week if possible and see you later Bye. Bye. Okay. Have a nice week. Good work. Thank you


and thanks so much for tuning in for another natural hair moment. A natural hair moment is when I give you the meaning of a natural hair word or phrase in five minutes or less that's commonly used in the natural hair community. These videos are for everyone but mainly for those that are newly natural or just have the big chop. So the natural hair word for today is baggy. The baggy method. The baggy method is when you apply a moisturizer or conditioner of your choice to your entire hair or just the ends of your hair with a plastic bag or plastic shower cap such as these items right here.  Now if you don't want to cover your entire hair with the bag you can simply just focus on your ends. If you have dry ends or frayed ends or even split ends you can put a conditioner or deep conditioner or a leave-in oil to your ends and just cover your ends overnight for better product absorption and also to correct those problem areas that you may have with your hair. So the next time you hear baggy or baggy method you'll know what the term means. I hope you enjoyed this video guys. Don't forget to take a look at past videos that I've also done with different terms and phrases. If you like this video don't forget to give it a big thumbs up and don't forget to subscribe and comment. It's Jess Janine and I will see you guys on the next video. Bye guys!


One of my top priorities, really, the central priority that I would say had to pick one, is student success, which to me means offering our students the highest quality of education and also making it accessible and affordable so that folks from a diverse set of backgrounds are able to come to UVM. I would like every student to know that they're not alone in this journey, and if ever they feel like they're in a challenging situation, there will be challenging situations. The UVM families here, our faculty, our staff, our RAs, me, all of us are here to support the student, to see them through their highs but also their lows. They should definitely reach out and know that they will get help. My advice to students would be that I think it's important to pace yourself. Certainly try a number of extracurricular activities, exploit all the opportunities that are provided at UVM, but I think that for the first semester or two they may want to set a double down, do their best in classes and there will be plenty of time to balance it out. I think that UVM has been historically very focused on the student and the success of the student and if they do well and they find that they're graduating from a university that's even better than when they arrived, then I'll have done my job.