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Hi, I'm Ethan Allen and you're joining us on likable science here on Think Tech Hawaii. As we all know, likable science is just what its name suggests. It's how science is likable, how science is fun, how science is interesting. Science is not something that occurs often distant ivory towers done by arcane strange people with bubbling chemicals. It's all around us. It impacts our lives every day and it should be embraced. And with me today on Think Tech Studios is Danny Ruthenberg Marshall. Welcome Danny. Thanks for having me. And Danny is a videographer, also a human ecologist by education, I guess, and I thought we'd explore some of the issues around how to share aspects of science, particularly nature with people, why this is important, what it may do, what happens if we don't do it. Danny is just back from a long journey through Yukon River, right, from source to mouth. Very long. Sixty days or something on the river. About two months, 1,800 miles, it was a long journey for sure. Yeah, but it must have been amazing to do and you essentially documented this all the way down the river, the skies, the mountains, the people that you were with, wildlife you ran into. Yeah. Yeah. Before we get into that, you've done some other video before this. You had, I've seen one or two of your pieces, some shorter pieces mostly. Anything you want to tell our audience about those before we? Well, there's not really much to it. It's something I've been doing now for six years since I graduated college. I studied human ecological film in school and really dove into it with a passion once I graduated. Mostly I work with environmental nonprofits and other organizations that deal with nature to really tell the stories that they want told, to educate the general public about them. And so I've been doing that for a while and there have been lots of great clients. I've worked with the Student Conservation Association, the Sierra Club, 350.org, a bunch of great organizations there, but I haven't done a full-length feature-length documentary until this endeavor. Cool. And I think we've got a video clip that you just put together from some little snippets from this. It's not a full-length documentary. I don't know. It's about two, well, maybe three minutes, I guess, which we can show at any point here. The Yukon River, 1,800 miles across two countries and in some of the most remote regions left on planet Earth. That's what we set out to paddle and paddle it we did. The land we passed there varied wildly from spectacular mountain ranges towering over the landscape to endless flats stretching into the distance. The weather was constantly changing. At times it was beastly hot, even in the Arctic, with the sun burning our faces and forcing us into the river. Other times we'd have on everything we own can still be shivering to the bone. Some direct havoc on our schedule and filled our boats with water. So we pulled over for a major storm on the tarp up and everything. And right as we were getting ready to start leaving again, decided to start raining. But there's not too much wind and not too much thunder and lightning. So we're just going to keep plowing through it bit by bit. We crossed paths with wildlife all along our journey. Fish play an integral role in the ecosystem and we both observed and ate them. To protect our smell of bulls from bears, we had an electric fence with us. The only things we successfully shocked were ourselves. At the sea we even found a dead beluga whale. Yeah! They're all beached whales. It is day 57 and we've made it to the Bering Sea. You can see behind me, finally the ocean. After all this time, we just spent three, four, five hours sitting on this coast, hanging out, enjoying the experience and waiting for the tides to slowly, slowly reverse. We think it's pretty much at its lowest tide and we'll start being able to ride that high tide coming back in to the island we left our camp at. We can tell them a little out of breath because I'm out of shape and we just hauled our boat from where we got beached three or four hours ago as the tide was higher up pulling all the way out to now. But it's different being here. I'm so excited to be done, so excited now that we're paddling in the reverse direction. I think I'll be even more excited when we're done paddling entirely, but it's been a good ride. Wow, that was amazing. A nice summary of what went on, some of the scenery you saw, as you were saying, while we were actually watching that, there were more mountains that really showed in the journey. Yeah, earlier on when we were in the Canadian part, we were deep in those mountain valleys. So in part you were trying to capture in this scenery of course, the wild, the river, but it was also somewhat about the people, right? And you had a crew of nine, right? Nine people. And I would say it was almost entirely about the people in the natural environment. So I'm not making a nature documentary here, I'm not telling the story of the river. I'm telling that story of how we as this group of human beings are interacting with our natural world and growing and learning because of it, because of the experiences that we have on a daily basis out there, and being in a situation that's so wild. Now this region of the world, the Yukon territory in Alaska, is 40 times less populated or something along those lines than Siberia. It is incredibly remote. We would find mostly just villages with a few hundred people, a couple larger ones to about 1,000. For the most part we were just in wilderness day after day. So it was the story of how do these people grow? How do these people experience this natural world and learn from it? That's putting people in natural or particular sort of stressful situations. It's a very thought-provoking thing. They can react well, they can react badly, right? I don't know if you've ever read the story of Ernest Shappleton's expedition to Antarctica. I know of it, but I haven't read the story. Yeah, I'll let it come to me later. I wonder what about that, about all of his ships crushed. He gets his whole crew, tracks 800 miles across the Antarctic ice, hundreds of miles across open ocean and small boats. To be clear, that expedition was orders of magnitude larger and more difficult than what we just did. Are those fun? Endurance is the name of the book, yes. It's actually a great book to read. If you're ever feeling bad or feeling life is being really tough, mean to you and you're having to put up with a lot and suffer, you read that and you think, no, my worries are very trivial. Anyhow, so talk about this. Tell me a little bit about how this thing came about. I mean, this is obviously a huge logistical undertaking. How did you get involved in it and how much time did that take? Yeah, well, I have a friend and he does all sorts of these expeditions. And we actually met, I was attempting to do like the Appalachian Trail in 2010. He successfully did it, but we met along the trail and he was part of my student thesis of documentary that I produced about that expedition. And I hadn't seen him since then. But we stayed in touch loosely every couple of years checking in. How are you? How are you doing? And he called me up about two years ago, two and a half years ago now. Said, Danny, how are you doing? Great Anthony, how are you? And he said, I've got an idea. Want to paddle the entire Yukon River with me? Sure. And so for two years then, we planned, mostly he planned, I was along for the ride and to make the documentary. That was the very initial contact was we want a documentary made about this experience, made about the journey. And so then he did the logistics, I planned for the documentary. And over time, he connected one way or another with all these other individuals. Sometimes very loosely through friends of a friend and everyone was interested. We all came together. We contributed the funds that we needed. He did the logistics and we showed up and paddled the entire river. And it wasn't like you were all expert canoeers or experienced outdoor persons. Most of us had some level of experience in the wilderness. I'd say of the nine of us, probably seven had good wilderness experience. And Anthony had good canoeing experience. He'd done the entire Mississippi River and the entire Missouri River. So he already had 5,000 miles of river under his belt. But for the rest of us, I had a 40 mile trip I did last summer because I thought I should be in a canoe before I go out here. I should have some experience with that. And some people had never been in a canoe until we got to the beginning of the Gun River and said, here's a battle, jump in the canoe. Which end do I hold? Yeah, right? But everyone, we took it very slowly in the beginning and everyone had time to learn and get accustomed to the boats, figure out how to do the different strokes, how to steer, what the difference between the bow and the stern was. And by the time we got 100 miles down the river, we were all doing very solidly. Oh, good. And so you've been looking at this issue of how people interact and interact without nature. What do you think is the value of impact? What are you trying to do with videoing in this? Ideally, through most of my videos that are along these lines. If I do one for a client, that's a different story. The videos are just about an experience in nature. I want folks to watch it and be inspired to have their own wilderness experience. Not necessarily two months on the Yukon. But even going for a hike in the local park, even going out and checking out your local national park or the nearby mountain range up there, or throwing pebbles into a creek, anything that's going to get you outside, away from the screens, away from the computers and smartphones and everything, and have that experience with nature is going to provide some value to you emotionally and mentally, and give you a better understanding of what is that we are steadily losing through the massively growing population and environmental degradation. Yeah, there's actually now some studies going on, because more and more of the world's population lives their lives in urban centers, increasingly large urban centers, and spends less and less time out in any sort of, you might think of as authentic nature, whatever that may mean. But, and people are speculating, and the scholars are studying this, is what are we losing here? If people don't go out and spend time in the wild, will they appreciate the wild? Will they fight to save the wild? Will they contribute to save the wild? Will they ask their elected representatives to vote to save the wild? Or will they let the, will they get paved over basically? Yeah, so this is you're trying to figure, seeing a video is probably better than not seeing the video, right? Yeah, and you know, even of all that work only inspires one person to get out for one more moment. That's still something that's worthwhile. Ideally inspires a lot more people to get out and truly learn and experience. But yeah, it's definitely something that I want, I want to understand better in my own life. I still feel like even after this experience and so many others, that I'm a novice when it comes to understanding the natural world, the environment all around us. And if I can do this and still feel like a novice, I know that the people who are glued to their screens definitely don't have that understanding of the natural world. Yeah, yeah. Hey, we're gonna come back and explore this further and more in depth, but right now we're gonna have to take short break. I'm Ethan Allen, host of Lakeable Science here on Think Tech, Hawaii. Daniel Ruthenberg Marshall is in the studio with me today. We're talking about his journey down the Yukon and about human ecology, nature, and videography, all rolled into one. We'll be back in another minute. This is Think Tech, Hawaii, raising public awareness. Back here on Lakeable Science, I'm your host, Ethan Allen. You're on Think Tech, Hawaii. With me today is Daniel Ruthenberg Marshall. Danny is just back from a eight week trip from source to mouth on the Yukon, paddling down it, videoing it. I would say every step of the way, every stroke of the way I guess it would be more appropriate. And we saw earlier a wonderful video of a little overview of the whole thing and I snippet you put together. And we were talking about the value of being in nature, what this means to people. So tell me, what did you learn from this experience? What did I learn from this experience? I learned that I should get into better shape before I try and paddle almost 2,000 miles. I had some shoulder injuries that I dealt with and a couple back injuries, just overuse. So definitely learned that in terms of my own personal life. I also learned that the things that we think of is true wilderness or even less wilderness than I expected. I was thinking I would go out onto the Yukon River and I would go days on end without seeing people. You know, you're in this incredibly remote place. But the river in essence has become a very lightly traffic highway for all the commerce between these towns and people traveling back and forth because a lot of these places don't have roads in and out of them. It's all by plane or by boat to get in and out of the town. And so every four or five days at the longest, we would come across a small town and almost every single day we would see at least one motorboat go by or one fish camp. Set up on the river where locals would spend their summers fishing. And I was not expecting that. I'm hoping there's still some place I haven't found that is even more remote where I can truly experience that wilderness, but I was surprised. Yeah, but waterways are always used as means of transportation and the great connectors of small things. It's funny, in the Pacific here, we often think of the Pacific Islands out in Micronesia as tiny little islands separated by vast distances of ocean. The people there think of them as tiny little islands connected by an ocean. And they really have a very different mindset about the whole thing because they understand the ocean was what they used to get back and forth and see other people, you know. So yeah, it's intriguing. I've never looked at it that way. That's a good perspective. Yeah, thank you. Yeah, yeah, thank you. So besides learning these things, you've dealt with had some highs and some lows on this trip. Can you discuss some of those? Some of the best and some of the worst? Yeah, let's start with the highs. Let's start off good. There were some moments that we really got to experience nature in a way that I never had before. You hear the first wolf pack howling or we even saw a wolf pack on the shore at one point when we were paddling by. They got startled by us and ran off. And seeing a wolf pack up close was so incredible. I had never seen a wolf outside of a zoo before while there's some educational level to getting to see those animals in a zoo, seeing them in their natural environment, how massive they are, the footprints they leave behind, the kills that they're making, was genuinely a good learning experience. I won't say it's a joy.  So awe-inspiring, right? awe-inspiring, that's a good way of putting it, yeah. On the low end of things, it would probably be the injuries I mentioned earlier. At one point I got some spasms in my lower back and thankfully we had just pulled off the river because there was high wind and so we were stopped for the day anyways. But it got to the point where I could not walk and I was trying to use a canoe paddle as a crutch to get myself to 20 meters to the tent where I was trying to curl into my sleeping bag for the next 18 hours and I couldn't make it those 20 meters. So I ended up falling over because my lower back was just so stiff. So the lows would probably definitely tie into that and then those moments that were both low and high. When we saw the beluga that you saw in the video earlier, it's fascinating to get to see this animal up close but it's tragic. We don't know how it got beached, how it died, what its story was, how old it was. We don't know any of that. So you see the sadness of nature and the joy of getting to learn from it being there. Yeah, yeah, okay, great. And then there were the odd human interactions you had. You were telling me earlier the story of being in Dawson and the peculiar beverage concoction they have there. Yeah, so Dawson City, Yukon Territory, Canada. It's familiar to most people because of the Yukon Gold Rush at the end of the 19th century. And there's only about 1200 people who live there now. But the town has still a huge tourist attraction, still lots of people coming through every season. And so one of the bars decided to capitalize on this and come up with a unique concoction that you have to go to the bar by something that's at least 80 proof and then you stand in line for the human toe shop. They got this human toe. I don't know if it was from where, I don't know. And you go up, they keep it salted and that's why you need 80 proof liquor.  And it's, I think a $3,000 fine if you swallow the toe. Oh, they take one from you. So a lot of the people on the team did that shot. And a lot of the folks that we'd met and were hanging out with in Dawson City did it. I declined. Smart man, smart man. I didn't take this shot. And yeah, it was gross. Yeah, yeah, huh, okay. Amazing, amazing. A different side of a cultural experience. Yeah, exactly. But they can't even associate with Canada. You have to associate with the very small town, remote areas where you can do something this unique. And it is that attraction for all these tourists. Yeah, exactly. Well, we talk about police-based learning and that sounds like a cute little example of that. Yeah, but Justin, that's gonna be right there. So do you think that your videos will have different impacts on people who are familiar with nature, who spend time out in the wild versus people who don't? Do you think there's a difference in how they're gonna react? I certainly think there will be some level of difference in how you react. As I mentioned, my primary goal is to inspire people to get out there and experience it, no matter how small or large the experience may be. And so if someone who is already doing these sorts of things sees that video, sees the documentary, they'll probably really like hearing the story, they'll really enjoy seeing the shots from the Yukon if they've never visited, and to get a better understanding of what that river's like. But they'll be less focused on the people, which is what the story is really about because they're already in those people's shoes in whatever adventures they have. Someone who hasn't done those things is probably gonna have more of an attention on the people and hopefully feel compelled to get out there and hug a tree or whatever it is they choose to do. Yeah, yeah, excellent. That's what you want to do is inspire people to action and make them a little more aware of the beauty of nature's all around them, the fact that it is, it's a disappearing resource that you've commented, right? We are trashing large sections of this planet. Some parts of it pretty irrevocably, that certainly for centuries if not eons will never be the same, less and less truly unspoiled places. People even think the big island here which has a relatively small population, they think of it as relatively unspoiled, but much of the plant life on it was brought by the early Polynesians. There's actually a whole issue here about what are native plants? Because do you mean native before any human contact or do you mean native before European contact? Those are two very different flora assemblages basically. So yeah, there is that whole thing. So in sort of learning to do this and preparing yourself, what advice would you give to any students who are thinking, wow, this looks like this would be fun. I'd love to get out there and then you take nature and go on these kind of journeys and all of that. What kinds of backgrounds do you need? What kinds of skills, mental attitudes do they need? The biggest thing you need is a love for doing that sort of thing, for getting out into nature. Because I had that when I got to college. What I didn't have was a sense of direction as to where I would go. I went through 11 different majors, my freshman year, 11. I would be like, oh, doing Spanish sounds great. Doing archeology sounds great. Oh, I would love to learn more about sociology or English or history. And I would sign up for these majors and think this is it. And then two weeks later I'd be like, oh, but what about this other thing? And it wasn't until someone suggested that for my senior thesis, we'd do something called the, I went to St. Mary's College of Maryland. We'd do something called the St. Mary's Project during your whole senior year. Someone suggested, at the end of my freshman year, you should do like the Appalachian Trail and make a documentary about it.  And 24 hours later I'm busy researching everything I can find about the Appalachian Trail wanting to do that. And as mentioned earlier, I did not succeed in completing the trail, but I did make a documentary for my senior thesis. What I didn't have though was a major. And so my college had a student design option that I was able to do. And I looked at what I wanted to do for my St. Mary's Project and designed the entire curriculum around that idea of going out and looking at how these people on the Appalachian Trail interact with their natural and built environments with the towns that are along there. And the fact that a trail itself is not natural. And it was really a joy to get to design that major, to get to better understand what it would take to do this. So anyone who's interested in getting involved in it, once you have that passion, you just have to take that passion and find a way to shape your learning, shape your educational experience into that field. Okay, that's great. That's very different from what I often hear when I ask this question, pretty common. My guests here most of them say, oh, well, you know, start taking a lot of math courses, a lot of good science courses, prepare yourself in engineering, dah, dah, dah, dah. No good to take those courses if you don't have the drive. Right, right, yeah, yeah. It's interesting to think about it in those terms. And indeed, I mean, that is ultimately what will make you a success in life, right, is to have real passion that will keep you, at least keep you showing up for work, whatever it is you do in the way of work, and not finding it drudgery, right, if this is, yeah. The beauty of my field is it's really easy to reignite that passion. You just go out to a park. You're feeling overwhelmed, you're feeling stressed out, go out to whatever local park, whatever river, and an hour later, you're feeling much better. And you're ready to tackle it again. Yeah, excellent. Yeah, I'm sure there must have been moments on your journey when you didn't feel like you really wanted to get up and get going on it, but you, of course, went to run on that kind of journey, you used to have no choice but to continue it. Going forward or not going? Yeah, yeah. Well, that's super. You know, it's really, it's amazing, hearing your story about 11 majors, I just gotta ask you, did you keep your parents surprised of these changes? Occasionally? On the occasion. Mostly you, too fast of a turnover for them to be worried about it. I didn't talk to you this week. I had two majors since I last talked to you. But that's great that you were creative enough to design your own educational program, very, very admirable that you did that. I can't say how much I've enjoyed this, that I would see in your video there. I enjoyed talking with you, watching these background shots have been popping up here. It's been great being on here and getting the chance to talk to you with it. So I thank you very much. I look forward to talking to you in the future when maybe when you get the video really cranked up, we can talk again and shoot a little segment of it on here and see what we can do. That'd be wonderful. Okay, well thank you very much, Jenny. Hello. Thank you, Ethan. And join us next week on another episode of Likeable Science here on Think Tech Hawaii.


Thank you for coming my name is John Dickinson, and I'm the project technical lead for Swift and This morning. I am going to give you an update on the state of Swift what the project is doing what the community is doing What we have been working on and what we will be working on and how you can help So first off we're talking about We're talking about Swift. So What Swift are we talking about? Well, I have a modest proposal for you I want to tailor this presentation to meet your expectations drive home the right messages so you can bank on the benefits and Something something on your phone Obviously there are a lot of swifts out there and Most of these swifts came after our Swift some of them didn't I suppose but what we're talking about of course is open stack Swift and It's but who but who are we? So Swift is one of the two founding projects of open stack We follow the cycle with Intermediate release pattern inside of open stack, which means that we do a release with every open stack cycle So Newton, Okada, Mataka, Pike, Queens, we do a release at that time But we also do releases between those and we normally end up releasing not on a set time schedule, but it generally Works out to about every two months Just two weeks ago. We released version 2.14.0 and on April 27th, and you should go download and use that It's it's the best Swift we've ever released And in a couple of months you should do the new one because that'll be the best with we ever released Swift has been running in production at scale at large scale longer than any other open stack project and I count the when it started being launched into production as Swift's birthday in fact Swift's birthday is next Wednesday Swift will be turning seven on May 17th So it's really great. I love that and that's kind of where we've been over the past seven years Recently the as you know the open stack foundation has given us all new mascots that have this great things beautiful new logo that we've got And it looks great. So where do we use Swift? We use Swift anywhere that you need to store unstructured data that can go grow without bound It's great for static web content. It's great for user-generated data like videos and movies It's great for like the big budget movies and special effects and rendering and video games with online distribution and saved games and in-game assets and doing backups and storing your machine images for you and your container images and I know of where Swift has been used in all of these places today in production. So It's gives you all of this with a simple web API And overall it is if you're storing data on the internet and you're not using Swift. You're doing it wrong So where have we done where if we returning seven next week What is the what kind of things have we done? The big thing about Swift and my thing about Swift is that I couldn't be more proud of the community that Works on Swift and then I get the privilege of working with over the years These are some of the major big visible changes that we have done over the last few years. I Stuff like encryption and erasure codes and storage policies global clusters But also there are innumerable other big and small changes that are have been done in the community and That have made Swift better. So Looking at who the community is and what's going on This is this is a look at our active contributors since 2015 until today or I guess maybe last week In the last Open-stack cycle in Okada we had 120 unique contributors to Swift and we had a total of 45 brand-new code contributors in the past year The on this on this chart you'll see that the blue line is the one that's on the top that you can very easily see is the monthly active contributors and the red line which is slightly lower there is the weekly active contributors and These are how many unique people have contributed to the code either By writing a patch and having that land or by doing code reviews Those are equal equally important Participants in our contributor community and so over the past two years you can in fact see that there's a rise and a decline over the Past two years, but let's look at this over the a longer time scale. This is the exact same data It's just extended back since the very beginning of time for Swift Actually going all the way back to 2010. So currently we're at about 16 unique contributors every week and about 33 unique contributors every month and So I'm not blind. I can see that's the the slope is trending downwards recently and this has some There there are many ways we can try to explain this But I think the biggest one that has been obvious in open stack in the news and the press and things like that is there are Have been several companies that have shifted their focus away from either Swift specifically or from open stack in general And that has hit the Swift community contributor base Hard we've had people who have lost their jobs or have been reassigned to other tasks or doing stuff like that So what are we going to do about that? It is something that is you know one of those things that keeps me up at night so to speak and I think that it's obvious But it's not going to be simple one of the things some of the things that we need to do are In general encouraging new contributors be more direct about asking for contributor support Working within our community itself to make to remove barriers to entry so we make it easier to download to install to We have honestly just better storytelling About production features because those are the things that get people extremely excited about what's going on And so just be more active and more straightforward about community recruiting so This is kind of some of the stuff we're doing, but if you look at the absolute numbers We're still relatively speaking. I mean, we're we're an active and large open store open source project even on its own We have I said that we had 45 contributors in the last year. This is who they are new contributors are the lifeblood of every project and Yeah, Swift is an absolutely great storage system But it's not because I get up on a stage someplace and say that the reason that Swift is an amazing storage system is because of the hard work of these 45 people and About 600 or more than 600 of their closest friends who also have contributed to Swift over the years So to those who have contributed several of whom I see here. Thank you very much It is because of your work in the community on the code base that Swift is in fantastic storage system And to everyone else come join us So you come join us and what are you going to work on? Let's talk about what the community is actually working on so We've got big stuff and I'm always asked what are you what are you currently working on and when is it going to be done? And I know what we're working on. I have no idea when it's going to be done one of the privileges and curses of the ptl is that I Get to know what's going on But I don't get to actually tell people to do things and so it's not like a business where we can Rigidly schedule out our our milestones to get to a particular goal We can track that as best we can but what I can do and what I try to faithfully do For the community to the to the entirety of the rest of the world is to say here's what we're working on Here's how it's going. Here's how you can come help so during the current release cycle and Well during every release we we have some kind of big things we're looking on But there's a few constants that remain same the same that I will commit to you that no matter what features land and no matter What improvements land or what things that we defer to work on in the future? There are a few baseline things that we will always commit to as a project team one we're going to continue to do intermediate releases and do our Allow you to have access to the new features and a stable production ready release as soon as possible Number two we're 100% committed to a smooth upgrade you should be able to download a very very early version of Swift from five six seven years ago and Upgrade to current master with one jump And not have anything break with your existing data that stored in that cluster if anything happens That is a bug. We want to hear about it and we need to fix that immediately so we're going to The goal of these things is to make sure that you can continually get what We're working on and you can have something that's better solving your source storage problems and number two that it makes it easy for you the Deployer the operator to to get that and not have to freak out about stuff It it's a lot harder to upgrade every two years than it is to upgrade every two months or four months or something like that so I want to say that as as a as a team we are very strongly committed to these sort of things so You Swift now continue to track the upstream releases and you will get the latest and greatest as as they are released So what is the latest and greatest going to be shortly in the future? What are we working on? there's a few big things I want to talk about and a Couple of big things and a slightly larger set of smaller things the two things I want to talk about first what I consider two of the The priority things the biggest things that are going to make the biggest long-term impact to Swift overall The first one is something we call container sharding container sharding is a way to Efficiently distribute some of the metadata inside of Swift There's a without going into a lot of details of the architecture of Swift the basic ideas that we have a set of back-end storage nodes that are able to track Groupings of Objects so you store your objects inside of a container and the container is then persisted in the cluster as a set of Databases on discs that are replicated and distributed durably and and available But the problem is the more and more stuff you store in one container on your Swift cluster the larger and larger that database gets and This causes operator problems because what happens if you have literally a billion or five billion You want to have five billion objects in one container? Well your container database is going to get really big and Frankly you're going to run out of hard drive space on that particular hard drive where that is stored So it would be a great idea to split that up into smaller chunks and distribute those smaller chunks throughout not only will this ease the The day-to-day life of operators who are running clusters like this, but it will also allow anybody who's using Swift as the applications the end users to Understand it and be able to not have to worry about some of these back-end things So right now when we talk to people about Swift we say if you want great performance You need to spread your data across the entirety of the namespace so use a lot of different containers And you'll be able to do a huge amount of concurrent access to Swift That's exactly what Swift is optimized for but When somebody is migrating to Swift when they're used to another object storage system say something like Amazon S3 Then they're used to just dumping everything into a single S3 bucket And they would like to be able to not change their applications not change their mode of thinking when it comes come to using Swift And this work will allow us to Embrace those people who are migrating to Swift much more easily So it's going to be great for the end users and it's great for the operators. Just removing headaches from both I'm really excited about this work Matt Oliver has been working on this most recently in the community and It's going to be great. So we could also use a lot of help on pushing this across the line making sure we have it all validated and Correct, so come help us on this the other big thing that I wanted to highlight is one that is Extremely hard to categorize in a small set of words Despite that I have tried and I call it Optimizing rebalances So the basic idea here really is not just Looking at capacity adjustments inside of the cluster, but it's an overall effort starting with capacity adjustments But extending to quite a few areas in the system that are all about efficient back-end Operations on the data. So we start this with optimizing for rebalances and this is Don't think about this when we when we first launched Swift in 2010 into production We were using massive two or three terabyte hard drives on and just literally You know dozens. I mean like two dozens 24 drives on a chassis But today it's completely common to go by an eight or ten terabyte hard drive and putting 60 or 80 of those in one server and that sort of growth in the density without Commiserate growth in network connectivity interconnectivity or numbers of cores on the on the individual object servers means that The we're having to do a whole lot more work with the same amount of network and CPU resources Which means we need to get more efficient in order to keep performance up and to overall improve things for everyone So there's a lot of work here there's there's work involved in appropriately scheduling the work and Determining what needs to move where when you add in new capacity into the cluster when you roll in a new rack or a new server and plug It in and you need to move that proportion of the data on to the new to ingest that new capacity that's available We need to more efficiently schedule how that is done once we have more efficiently scheduled that We need to make sure that when we're talking about it server to server that inner process communication there is as efficient as possible And to make sure that Swift is in the data path, so we can have appropriate Back pressure on what's going on we could slow down when we need to we can speed up when we need to and we can take advantage of All of the resources that we have available for us then we You know going further than that. There's also a large set of work in the future to Efficiently figure out that great now we have efficiently scheduled the work We've efficiently communicated to another server that here's some new data You need to push there so how then do we efficiently take the data off the network and put it onto the disk and taking advantage of all of The hardware resources we have on that server, so this includes Some of the Golang work that you may have heard about us discussing over the past year inside of the Swift community so overall I while I categorize this as Optimizing rebalance really that's just a short two-word phrase to say that We have a massive amount of work that we're there were in progress and will be continuing to work on That is all about making the storage nodes the back-end parts of Swift extremely efficient the goal the plan on this is that In the future so a year from now when I you know get up and do another one of these talks a year from now That we will be able to say that yes Look at the performance that you've been able to the performance improvements the lower latency that Customers are seeing the more consistent latency To request that customers are seeing the faster in just times the slower consistency engine cycle times That will help everybody out so more and better. That's that's what we're working on now Obviously, this is a massive amount of work and we need lots and lots of people to help out with this Because there are there are big things that need to be done as many of these can be done in parallel with one another And it's been really exciting this week to hear about some of the other work that people are doing along these along these lines, so That's a mouthful. That's that's a lot of stuff and I don't want to be Intimidating by saying that look at this huge amount of stuff. We need to do remember that despite these changes that are Happening that we are still committed to being able to Completely seamlessly upgrade your clusters. We're not going to lose data. We're not going to We're not going to break your cluster and force you to lift and you know for cliff upgrade your your clusters so be encouraged about what's happening and if you have some thoughts on that please get involved with the community and We can we can keep going so Those are the two big things that in my minds are kind of the high priority If you need something to do those are the places to do it, but there are a lot of other things that are also very important, but The people are they're working on or talking about that that are going on and these are kind of exciting especially when you think about them from Swift being used in more enterprise work cases use cases and adopting some of the More traditional store enterprise storage features and stuff like that So the first one or a few of them just going quickly through here is a policy tiering This is the idea that an object may that is stored in one policy say it may be Replicated, but over time we want to move that to an erasure coded storage scheme There's the idea of policy migration which says that If a container is stored at one storage policy, how do we just change that storage policy itself so we can You know distribute it out or just maybe you put a bunch of objects into a single container for a single project The project is done and now you need to move that into a different place subtly different than the tiering But it both involve changing the way things are stored. We're looking at Implementing Erasure codes on a globally distributed scale And we're also looking at improving the existing at rest encryption functionality We have adding some more knobs and integration points So we can get some really nice new features integrating with other external key managers Per account keys for you know, maybe even including stuff like key rotation So those are kind of some of the things we we need to go We're other also being worked on now one of these specifically the global clusters There's been a lot of work at the global erasure code clusters There's been a lot of work on that recently and I am hopeful that The the majority of that work will be done soon So That's some of the big stuff that's working on. Let's talk about where Swift is being used in production Swift is completely deployable on its own in a standalone mode apart from any other open stack services And this is in fact a very common deployment pattern That I see over and over again and in fact I was I was honestly I was blown away by the keynote on Tuesday morning when Mark Collier got up and praised the work of the Swift team overall on being able to maintain this and say that Swift is deployable in a Independent way apart from other open stack services so that being said Swift works extremely well with other open stack services as as well and both as a target for storage on things like sender and glance and Sahara, I've seen several talks this week on using Sahara with Swift as a way to run distributed Hadoop jobs from data that's stored in Swift and then also using features of projects like Keystone and Barbican as we're looking at encryption stuff and So it's it's usable both on its own with open stack projects and It's also been interesting Over the past year or so is looking at how the industry is changing and as new things are being developed in the overall broader ecosystem seeing where Swift can't fit into that and I really do believe that Swift is more important and more needed now than ever the it's a it's a great Way to do storage, but it's also somewhat of a new way to do storage Different than traditional file systems or sands or something like that that people have been using for quite some time but now we're talking more and more about Yes, there's the cloud and cloud native applications, but now you get into stuff like containers and What does that mean? So obviously there's been a huge talk about Kubernetes and open stack working with a community Kubernetes community Dockers obviously not left out in in those conversations, but people are writing applications that are being deployed in containers and more so than just thinking of containers as a convenient way to package up something and just and like is a distribution method but if you have applications that are running in containers one of the benefits is that you're supposed to be able to create your application and Deploy it on a fleet of servers and then things can come and go and you get this really great nice distributed Execution environments that your application can scale out But one of the hard parts about containerization and the container ecosystems as as it exists today is storage is hard Because if your application is coming and going and being scheduled on different servers and things like that Where do you store your data? It's you don't have a hard drive Plugged in to I mean like if it's it's plugged into this server and you get rescheduled over here Then how does the data move between them and data moving is much much more difficult than the application moving? So there's been lots of things inside of the container ecosystems on how they're trying to solve these sort of things, but Shocking I know, but I think Swift would be really great for this Meaning that if you've got a distributed Compute environments you need a distributed storage environment that is also just as scalable So when your application is loading data when your application is creating and storing new data The thing that you should be doing is putting that inside of Swift so that you have this kind of your compute environment and your and your storage environment and the storage environment is designed to take that data scalable easy access and Growing along with your compute environment. So yeah Swift is I think the best way to persist data for these apps and just kind of a new way as the industry continues to move on that Swift is being used and and can be used more and more also looking at the change in the landscape as it were of Since OpenStack started back in 2010 to today over the last seven years You know we originally started that OpenStack is going to be this great thing and it's going to supplant all of these other proprietary cloud vendors, but You know what there's massive cloud people out there who are not running OpenStack And there's a lot of people who are running OpenStack clouds, but the reality now is how do we work together in that? How do we make sure that Swift can work in a multi cloud world? Whether that's OpenStack or Amazon or Microsoft or Google or or even but just anything else So hybrid cloud for storage has always been one of those Phrases that hasn't really worked well in my mind because storage is not one of those things the data doesn't move very easily You put it someplace and you if you put a petabyte of data in your own local data center You don't just copy that data to the public cloud to compute on it and then copy it back That doesn't make sense because it it's extremely hard to copy a lot of data back and forth But recently I have I've been hearing about some really cool use cases where Swift has been able to Work and you have multiple Swift clusters or you have Swift working with other public cloud providers That is really kind of cool.  It's a movie company that is You know they may be doing special effects that maybe do like animation rendering or something like this and the reality is that the Compute requirements on that are enormous So you have some amount of storage that you need so you measure that and you know a few hundred terabytes or petabytes or something like that But the the compute I mean you need tens of thousands hundred thousand cores just running constantly to do this and Building that infrastructure out yourself is expensive and it turns out with you know, for example things like AWS EC2 spot instances are really cheap Especially if you can just get those overnight But the problem is they can come and go and you don't know exactly when You're going to be able to execute or when it's going to be killed when somebody else chooses to pay more money for that instance But the thing is you've got your data and you would love to be able to You know turn on it constantly in your own thing in your own data center But let's how do you then take advantage of that cloud that cloud compute? That's that's available someplace else and so the the system that I've heard about is You've got your Swift cluster. You're running in your own data center for for cost and privacy reasons and then if you have a resource that you need to compute on then you can actually You can you can run a Swift node inside of that public cloud Just on one of their own compute things that it participates as a part of a global cluster of inside of Swift and then When that spot instance comes up all they can all they have to do is talk to that local Inside of that public cloud that that Swift endpoints and that Swift endpoint there could possibly be doing something like let's load the data from from the primary location that the Swift cluster that may be the on-premises sort of deployment but let's cache that say in s3 and What that gives you is as these spot instances come and go and need to compute on something They don't have to always fetch something from the primary data center They can you get this efficiency and honestly a lot of cost savings over those network transits because those are the hard problems with With the public cloud the costs on the network transport So you get a lot of efficiency you get a lot of cost savings and you get you're taking advantage of Swift's own features of globally distributed clusters you start being able to make headway on this whole idea of distributed hybrid cloud storage and Seeing these things come together and people start using these things in production is really exciting to me And I think that it shows a very bright future of what's happening inside of Swift in the future so overall the main story about the containers about hybrid clouds and increasing use cases for Swift is How do we access Swift and other ecosystem things that have been going on is obviously we've got the Swift API and we are the Implementation of the Swift API, but there are ecosystem projects that are Allow you to have an s3 API And also people who are working on file system access in different ways to to allow more traditional applications to talk to a Swift cluster So the point here is Swift is the place where data is stored We've got these continued development in the ecosystem to Remove barriers so that people can more easily put their data inside of Swift get their data outside of Swift for the compute Whatever they need the features that we're working on in the community overall to help streamline that make things more efficient It's all really exciting I'm really excited about what's going on and if you've seen any of the other talks that I've given about Swift these project updates I'm about to say something I've said many many times before and that is that my vision for Swift is that everyone will use Swift every day Whether they realize it or not We've seen that happen with things like great you go look at Wikipedia and you look at pictures there and comes from their own Swift cluster you go watch movies guess guess how those movies were The special effects on those movies were done you go you go to your bank you look at your documents You take a backup of your servers those kind of things are happening and as we Facilitate better access to Swift as we work in a multi-cloud world as we embrace Swift being used in conjunction with container ecosystems and as we make Swift itself more efficient And improving and adding new features This is happening and this is this is absolutely fantastic. We see Swift being used by millions of users every single day And I think that's only going to keep growing So that being said Help us get involved. Come on. We've got a great community It's the best people I've ever had the privilege of working with the community or what make people make make Swift great I would love to have you come in introduce you to everybody help you get involved Even if that's just a hey, I've got an idea great. Let us know that would be fantastic If you want to come in and say I don't have any ideas, but I'd really love to help Help make some of these other ideas come in great We've we've got a lot of work that you can help us out with so thank you very much for that We have plenty of time for some questions. Please come up to use the microphone here And I'll do my best to answer those and repeat those for the video not everybody all at once Regarding the API So what I the reason I mentioned If we've got the Swift 3 API the Swift 3 project as another project inside of the open stack umbrella That provides that s3 to Swift's translation that's going very well and Continuing continually improving the file system API that I mentioned But I would consider the Swift 3 stuff also part of it's not in the actual code base for Swift So, you know, it's an ecosystem sort of thing the file system API stuff that I work with or that I'm talking about is a Few projects that I have seen also in the ecosystem not being directly developed inside of Swift, but for example at a year ago I was on stage with with my employer Swift stack and we're talking about proxy FS as a project that we're working on to add a file system access to that you can see other Fuse-based here's a way to access this there's there's strengths and weaknesses of a lot of these honestly, I'm kind of excited about the way that proxy FS is going but You know, it's just ecosystem things that people are developing for Swift on top of Swift so that we can help facilitate access to Swift if you do have any other further questions feel free to reach out on Twitter and IRC I am not my name and you can find me pretty easily on online Thank you for your time. Thank you for coming today and let's all go use and build Swift


The Ministry of Health and Wellness remains very concerned about the number of COVID-19 related deaths recorded in country. The island has recorded a total of 47 COVID-19 related deaths to date and Chief Medical Officer Dr Sharon Belmont George stated that every death is one too many. Individuals who have passed away range in ages from 21 to 91 years. Of the 47 deaths recorded to date 81% have occurred in the 50 plus age range and males account for the majority of deaths. Dr Belmont George noted the link between the risk and underlying illnesses in terms of poor outcomes for COVID-19. In terms of the risk analysis and given our mobility profile for diabetes and high blood pressure I thought it necessary to indicate on the cases that we've seen so far the risk analysis by those pre-existing conditions are. You know for the diabetes it's 36.4 for high blood pressure. The risk ratio that is is 33.9 and for that both diabetes and high blood pressure is 32.1. So as much as possible our persons in solution we know we have a problem with diabetes and high blood pressure. We need to ensure that your diet the necessary exercise and that you remain compliant because this is one of the ways that we and a very important way that we keep healthy we keep our resistance up as we manage COVID-19. The Chief Medical Officer indicated that there is a wide range of underlying illnesses that puts individuals at a higher risk when they contract COVID-19. Therefore a lot of the Ministry of Health and Wellness's strategies are focused on protecting high risk groups both in terms of age and pre-existing conditions to ensure their safety. We have high blood pressure, we have diabetes, we have 21% having both high blood pressure and diabetes, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, end stage renal disease, HIV, cerebrovascular accidents at explosive strokes, Hodgkin's lymphoma and asthmatics as well. So for us locally those are the pre-existing conditions that we note with our COVID-related deaths. Now we use the term COVID-related deaths because our policy of testing everyone who passes away. Some of those cases were from testing after passing away. Some of those persons did have serious other underlying conditions although they may not have developed the COVID-19 related pneumonia. But because COVID was positive we report them for transparency.


Okay, thank you. Good afternoon, everyone. First of all, I would like to thank the organization for the opportunity to present my work today. I decided to present the progress of our research work concerning the functional analysis of post biotics that analyze time biotic relationships between the gut microbiome and the host genome. So, as you know, the gut microbiota is a complex system of mutualistic microorganisms. Hosting 100 trillion bacteria representing 1 to 3% of body mass, encoding for maybe four millions of genes. And it sits at the interface between the environment and the host organism. And it contributes to nutritional processes through many bacterial-specific metabolic reactions. So, our objectives were to identify biological relationships between the gut microbiome and the host genome through the identity metabolic profiling and physiological phenotyping. As I have a question, I'm not sure it's important. You said 100 trillion bacteria. I read several places 10 times more bacteria than cells in the body. But according to this, it's less. I agree. So, where is this number coming from? The 100 trillion. Wikipedia. No, not Wikipedia, maybe. Oh, it's the same thing, you know, per meta. No, I found it in one papers. And so, yeah, I will. How it was counted, the different way to count. How it was counted. What is the protocol? There are several counting protocols, it's not obvious. How do you count either of them? I don't know. So, for your answer, it wasn't only recently the number was correctly estimated, right? Well, I don't think this is a major point of the talk. Thank you. I will try. And you have a good, good point of view about how. But I don't know. So, first, I try to continue. And we established correlation analysis in human. We used untargeted gas chromatography, sorry, of this machine, and we obtained peaks corresponding to metabolite signals. We acquired around 15,000 metabolites, and we obtained this kind of figure, which gave us a cluster of co-regulated metabolites. This metabolite from the gun bacteria? Yeah. No, microbiome metabolites from the serum of patients. The serum of patients? Ah, yes, that's the point of view. It's a serum, serum. Yeah, OK, so it's not microbiome, it's serum. Yes, and we, there are more than 15,000 in the human serum, there are about 25,000 in the P-State. And you only found 15,000, which you already know, or the chromatography, you know, they are there, but don't have their names. But 15,000, they are known, which they are, or only, you know, they're different. Let me see. I'm sorry, I'll be back. These are maybe more metabolite signals. Only signals, OK, you don't know what they are. They're signals, OK. That's all right, that's all right, that's all right. We didn't identify them. Yes, OK. And we used the semi-quantitative data from non-metabolites, and we tested them for association with clinical... They're non-metabolites, not all of them. So they were known, OK. So how many knowns? OK, 100. How many? On these methods, we have 100 metabolites, no. 101, I think, it's 101. OK, but in future, 1,000 just signals, OK. This is the Russo-Cardian, which is a non-metabolite. And we demonstrated that one metabolite, the fork-resol, is negatively correlated with obesity and diabetes. So fork-resol is a phenol. Then you can eat this poor kind of diabetes. Type 2 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, type 2 diabetes. Type 2, this is a little divided into five groups again. Yeah, yeah. Genetically. Sorry. OK, fork-resol is the phenol metabolized from tyrosine by Mycobiotta. Here is the structure of the phenol. We can also find chrysalis at low levels in food, such as vegetables, tomatoes, asparagus, cheeses, butter, bacon. And also in some drinks, such as coffee, black tea, wine, brandy and rum. So we are physiologists. That's why we developed a pipeline to investigate the different role of microbial metabolites in vivo in mouse. For this reason, we used C67 Black 6 mice on show diet or on IFAT diet to study the obesity and insulin resistance. In fact, we used these osmotic pumps from RLZ. We filled this reservoir with a metabolite solution, and we put the osmotic pumps here in mice. Under the skin. Under the skin, under the skin, under the skin. It's a little incision here in dorsal lateral, and we put the pumps under the skin. The experimental design was four groups of six male mice, control groups with pump-containing saline on show diet or on IFAT diet, and experimental group with the metabolites of interest today, the Cresol on show diet or on IFAT diet. Here you can see the experiment timeline. But what level of concentration, comparable to what? It's a very good question. We used 0.5 milligrams per kilo of mice per day. I think the concentration is 1,000 times smaller than toxic concentration. We performed a toxicity analysis. There's no concentration in blood compared to what you have observed in blood. In blood, it's very, very, very, very, very complicated because I saw in the literature maybe 0.8 micromolar to 150 millimolar. It's a big range. It's a big range. I don't have the answer, unfortunately, but we're going to check in a larger diet bank. So we tested several molecules, and today we're going to focus on the chronic infusion of four Cresol. So first, we wanted to check six. Six? Six small. Yes. Wow. Good. So we wanted to check the effect of this metabolite, the four Cresol, on glucose homostasis. We performed an IPGT. IPGT is for entrapuretinal glucose tolerance test. In fact, we injected a glucose solution to grams per kilo to animals and to control their response to this glycemic stress over time. In fact, we measured the glycemia during the time. First, we wanted to measure the impact of the diet. Here is the black curves. Dotted line corresponding to control on show diet and the solid line for control on IFAT diet. And as expected, we demonstrated that the IFAT diet deteriorates glucose tolerance. Now, we had red curves corresponding to groups under four Cresol treatments. And we demonstrated that the four Cresol improves the glucose tolerance, as confirmed by the calculation of Ariander curve. And here is the color code for the rest of my presentation, saline control group in white and in black for four Cresol treated animals. So we demonstrated that the four Cresol improves glucose tolerance. In parallel, we collected blood samples and we measured insulin secretion using LSA-SA. And we demonstrated that here with the black bars that the four Cresol successfully stimulate the glucose induced insulin secretion. The most striking observation in our experiment was concerning the pancreas weight. We did ratio pancreas weight on body weight. And we observed. This correspond to more than one. The phenomenon you observed would rather correlate to be the one, not the two. I think it's a bit too. For that big mistake, they have high level of insulin and they control the blood glucose. Later on, the pancreas is overexhusted. Insulin level goes down and glucose level go up. But this is what is occurring in patients before they show up high blood, high glucose level in the blood. Normally, with the IFAD diet, we induced type 2 diabetes. So chronic administration of four Cresol strongly increases the pancreas weight when compared to control mice. That's why we analyzed the histology of pancreas to test whether the islet structure was affected by four Cresol. We performed hematoxiline eosin staining, which stain in pink here islets which produce insulin, you can find here too. And we confirmed this with immunochemistry against insulin, with an antibody against insulin, here in Brown. And with statistical analysis, we observed that the four Cresol administration is associated with a strong increase in both islet density and insulin positive area. To investigate the possible cause of this increase of beta cell area and islet density, we performed the collocalization experiment against insulin, like in the previous experiment, and against K67, because K67 is the biomarker of cell proliferation. So we reproduced the same thing here with the statistical analysis that the four Cresol increases the size of islets. And here with the K67 approach, we demonstrated that the four Cresol increases the number of proliferative nuclei in islets. So we have proliferation with a four Cresol. The next and last step was to understand or to document the mechanism that four Cresol can impact the cell proliferation. So one kinase, the Dir-Kwane, sorry for the name, because it's very long, it has been demonstrated that these kinases can be inhibited by the armin, this, in fact. And this inhibition increases the human pancreatic beta cell proliferation. In another paper here, we can also find that the inhibition of Dir-Kwane stimulates the beta cell proliferation. So our hypothesis was that the four Cresol can mimic the effect of armin on metabolism and beta cell proliferation through the inhibition of Dir-Kwane. Preliminary results in biochemical assay show that the four Cresol and Dir-Kwane can interact and here with the half maximal inhibitory curve, we demonstrated that the four Cresol is a Dir-Kwane inhibitor. Finally, we performed a QPS analysis in our animals and we demonstrated that the four Cresol don't regulate the eminrin expression of Dir-Kwane. So in conclusion, the animals chronically treated with four Cresol exhibit a significant don't regulation of pancreatic Dir-Kwane transcription. To conclude, we wanted to illustrate the effect of this gut microbiome activity on human health. In fact, tyrosine is metabolized by microbiota in four Cresol. Four Cresol can interact with Dir-Kwane and the result of this interaction has an impact on pancreas. The four Cresol increases the beta cell proliferation into an secretion and don't regulate the eminrin level of Dir-Kwane. Our data illustrates the health benefits of spostbiotics which involve communication between bacterial metabolites and the host through the regulation of Ocellular proteins. So four Cresol is affecting the transcription of Dir-Kwane? Yes, yes, yes. What's their level of the protein, the transcription? We don't know yet, we have to... You are showing the eminrin expression. The eminrin expression, but we hope that it's correlated with the protein, but we don't know. No, no, no, I'm saying that the mechanism is through eminrin expression, not the protein. Transcription is versus transcription. Right. OK. Yeah? OK, we'd like to thank just my lab, my supervisor, Dominique Gugier, present here and all my collaborators from Kyoto University and McGill. Thank you. Questions? Do you have any idea which bacteria you may make exactly? Many bacteria, principally Clostridium difficile. E. coli can make it? If... E. coli. E. coli? No, no, no, I think it's a special name with lactobacillus, blah, blah, blah. I don't know the real time. I think this is quite amazing because you can use it to cure type 2 diabetes. I hope. For Cresol. Instead of giving them insulin. Yeah, I think the idea is that it's something we discussed this morning. It's how we can change the bacteria ecosystem. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And drive the ecosystem to produce something. The fortress over there itself can replace insulin. This is the major thing because it's very difficult to transplant a pancreatic beta cell in patients with type 2 diabetes. But this can do that because it increases the proliferation of the cells. Yes, exactly. If I can answer. We performed an experiment on a type 2 diabetes model in rat, GK-RAT, and we restored the beta cell proliferation. So it's... Well, yeah, it's a wow, but we have to be... So glucose tolerance test. Yes, yes. And then we... Yes, and we demonstrated that the structure of islets, because normally the pancreas of GK-RAT are totally disrupted. And the... Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, while we are trying to patent now. Okay, yeah. What's the solubility for Cresol and how do you think it gets from the intestine into the pancreas? The avability? Solubility. Soluble compounds. So I'm curious whether there has to be a carrier or something that gets it... I think that Cresol can interact with Abimin. That's the only thing I know. With no more questions, we'll go to the second part.


What's going on guys today I am back with another Destiny 2 video and today we have the grand opening of 30 plus new monarchy faction package engrams but before we get into the opening of these juicy loot engrams do you want to win some loot of your own I have got gift cards I've got exclusive emblem and sparrow coals and much more to win some simply drop a like on the video and leave a comment down below now yesterday I opened up thirty four future war cult faction packages if you missed that video you'll find a link within the video description that was on my first hunter my second hunter is represented by new monarchy so let's get into it now the future war cult not a new monarchy sorry new monarchy armors I like I'm not too keen on the weapons but who cares let's go and what we're gonna get I got the chest piece and I got the shader and I got another chest piece nice now I missed out on the legs on my first and two future war cult everything but the legs and I got the legs yeah and I got an exotic nice now what level is that exotic I can do that it's gone to my postmaster well it's fair enough so I've got the legs and I got the chest now I need to helmet I've got these shoddy and two more shaders I got the legs again and the link and green pulse come on now I got the song of justice six I'm not sure what that is but so have a quick look why is that scout okay that's fair enough so look at this damn it's big okay so yep let's go again and we have the shoddy again noice song of justice six again and a rattler with two more shaders give me that give me that give me that gear give me that give me that give me that armor restoration eight we'll go check out all these gauntlets what have I got so I've got the chest put it on got the legs put them on got the gauntlets put them on I need the helmet and a cloak for that few you know what this gear it actually looks the armor wise looks better than future warcots but the weapons in is good so I'm glad I picked two I'm glad I picked both for my um for my hunter which is great I got the gauntlets again with some Evernite legs but shoddy again come on game not do this to me give me the helmet give me the helmet give me the helmet oh my life this is gonna be one of them one of them days and it one of them days and it the last hope incredible side arm chess piece again don't do this to me oh my life so we're powering through these we are powering through these yes yes helmet beautiful that is the right one in it yeah that is the right one so all in in there is a cloak but I'm not too fast about that as long as I've got the rest and it looks beautiful I'm loving that but cloak forget the clock I'll be happy which I first if I don't but yeah I got the also rifle good nice I'm loving also rifles in this game Royal Dispensation does that say which is SMG which is fine helmet again come on come on you gotta give me that cloak you know you want to game you know you want to game spamming this button yes sir that is the one it's got like the diamonds on the back of it oh yes looking absolutely incredible I'm happy I am so happy let's just get through these then now you'll see I will when we come to my last package which will be the 31st I believe that these are going down right yes they are they're still going down in 10s which is right so my last package theoretically according to bungee should only give me a shader so this is the last package so it kind of a test as well and yes we are not sure this which is fair enough but on my arm my first hunter I definitely 100% I opened 690 tokens worth of packages and in that last package I was still getting gear and besides shaders and if you don't believe me you can find that video link within the video description but it seems to but mind you before they actually tweeted that out I'd already started a couple days before farming them future World Cup tokens so that could be the reason let's quickly run to my postmaster here and then we will take a quick look at what I actually got now I got some decently I'm so happy I got full gear because I just think this future World Cup gear does look great but the reason I chose a no I keep saying future World Cup I mean new monarchy my bad people and this new monarchy gear does look great armor wise but the weapons I weren't too keen on that's why I chose future World Cup because the weapons just look great plus I was future World Cup from back in the day from destiny one so yeah but new monarchy a good close second on my Titan I got dead orbit which is my third character which I'm currently in the process of grinding all that juicy loot with so we've got quite a few things here to be honest nothing incredible but yeah so I've got a few things plenty of shots worth we know that even though we've got enough to spend our shards on in this game which is silly but yeah so we got the song of justice six this is the scouts we have on it auto loading holster armor piercing runs and extended mag nice what else did we get another got the auto rifle what was that a secondary yes it's all got two of them okay that's fair enough the restoration eight so look at this 47 well it's in the mag looking quite good on it we've got quick draw we've got any accurate runs and we've got a pending mag three sites what else did we get we got as well the shotty okay that's that's cool that's cool unification seven on this we have full auto trigger system looks an absolute beast actually look at them stats high caliber rounds and assault mag man she's quicker man full auto with a fast oh my it's gonna be a good weapon this is 100% and what's the difference between the shaders is it just as oh much more cleaner much more fresh but yeah that's great that's great and I think that's it to be honest I've got the clock again they get close for two times I didn't realize that that's fair that's fair that's cool that's cool that's cool that's good I got loads of shots to go through here loads things dismantle and and yeah so I'm just found a walk lift coil in my in my tower I'm just making I've got the SMG to which I'm just double checking if there's anything I've missed here let's quickly check out the SMG let's go oh my bad so it wants to load up there we go and we've got grave rubber we've got high caliber rounds we've got steady rounds with three sides so yeah looking quite good not gonna lie how do you look with new Bella Rose on it beautiful artsy pearl be beautiful looking lovely honors are the nine not so great but yes guys that was the opening of 30 plus 30 plus new monarchy faction packages hope you guys enjoyed the video if you did leave a like really does help me out if you are new around here and enjoy daily destiny videos be sure to subscribe if you're never want to miss a video I upload hit that bell button next to subscribe button to receive email notifications of when I do upload but thanks as always for stopping by and people hopefully I will see you on the next 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Very important What's up money gigs mr. V here welcome to another video guys so into this video I want to walk you guys through something that when I first started I wasn't thinking the mindset that I didn't have When I started trading so I want to share that with you guys today If you're just starting out this might be a good opportunity for you to learn this as quick as possible So you can make money in the market in both directions So but before we get started guys if you're new to the channel We took about how to earn money how to save money how to invest and build wealth So if that's something that interests you go ahead and hit that subscribe button and any notification belt So you don't miss out on new content. So the today's video game guys I want to walk you guys through the mindset that I didn't have when I first started trading and Basically once you get in the market most people like new investors. They only have one direction It's like a one-way street. It's like buy low sell high and make money That is the way they think and that's how every 90% of people in the market.  I sell I make profit They never look the other way around that in the market You can make money a ton of money when the market is pulling back So assume that like during the COVID crisis when back in March when the market was pulling back most people Were panicking and selling whereas you had people that are short sellers. They knew what was happening They were selling to buy back low and they made a ton of money Imagine companies going from $400 a share down to 200 or 150 Look at Boeing that went from almost $400 to under $100 So if you are shorted Boeing if you had sold high to buy low look at where you're low as you don't make over $300 a share. So that's the mindset that I didn't have when I first started it I just started it was like a I'm only looking for a good entry point buy low and say hi But now if you start implementing Short selling in your strategy, you're going to see that you can make money in the market in both directions So when it's going up you buy low and sell at the top But the minute you sell at the top the reason you're selling at the top is that you anticipate that there's going to be a pullback Right. So if there's a pullback, why not get ready to get enjoy that pullback So you sell at the top and then turn around and sell again to buy back at the bottom But there is a catch here not everybody can do short selling On the webo platform. So that's the platform that you so I don't know about all the other platforms But in the webo platform, you have to have a margin account to be able to short sell And to open a margin account on the webo platform I think you did $2,000 to be able to get the account and then Some drawbacks is that once you have a margin account with less than $25,000 on the webo platform You can only have three day trades in a five business day cycle So if you buy today and sell today, that's consider a one day trade if you buy again and sell that's two day trade You buy again and sell that's three day trade and you're done Until five business days where you can do that again But um, we didn't while you're waiting you can do overnight trades or what they call swing trading So you can buy today hold it overnight and sell it tomorrow And you won't get flagged as a day trader because you held it overnight and overnight on the webo platform You go from seven p.m. Central time. That's when the market closes to two three a.m. Central time That's when the market opens. So if you hold it overnight within that period And then you're not going to get flagged as a day trader. So those are some of the limitations But again, uh, you can actually make money in the market In both directions. So that mindset that I didn't have I want to share that with you guys So you can start thinking about it, especially for those of you guys that have margin accounts You can look at making money in the market in both directions Keep your eye in the news look at companies when your earnings are coming out If you see that they're going to miss your earnings You see that there's some bad news about a specific company You can jump in and look at it and see what if if there's an opportunity for you to short that company right there You can short it and just enjoy that right down and continue to make some profit So I'm going to jump on the webo platform here and show you how you can actually identify Which stocks are shortable because not every stock is shortable So when you go in to show the stock you might see some stocks to tell that there's not enough Shares to short and some there is a fee that you have to pay to be able to short them And others there's no fee so I'm going to walk you guys through that on the webo platform So let's let's jump right in here and just take a look at what that looks like on the webo platform So right now this is the webo platform again for me Actually showing you guys this is a dashboard that created just for this I have different dashboards that I have set up for my personal training But I'm going to show you guys so if you go under You know where it says trade and then you go to your dashboard If you look at this it says quote I'm going to highlight this here So you guys can see where it says quote and how to add this to your dashboard is you go to widget And then go under stocks and then go under quote right here It would add something like this to your dashboard so you can just pull this and put it right there Since I already have it there's no need for me to to include another one again But once you add that what I want you to do is go to where it says set Set as group click on that and then you can pick a group So for me, I set everything to group one So when I set the group one notice that it changes to tesla because that is tesla that I have open here So if you look at all everything on here is set to group one So have group one group one group one so that when I change This particular stock let's say I switch the stock to something else It would reflect so for instance if I go to neil see everything on this dashboard changes to neil Because they are in the same group. So that's that's one thing. I want to show you guys I'm going to delete this because we don't need it But we're using this one right here as you can see so if you go If you go in here, this is how you know that stock is shortable If you look here at the very bottom here, I'm going to pull these See if I can expand this bring this right here See if we can expand it or it doesn't allow me to expand it But here's what I want you to take a look at right When you go to this particular stock on that quote if you see here We show the NASDAQ total view you go It shows you if the stock is manageable or it shows you if the stock is shortable So right here webo is actually shortable and you can short webo all day long There's no restriction as to if you can short it But let me show you another stock that it might be shortable, but there's restriction. So let's let's see Let's say nano dimensions. So nano dimension is I say it's hard to borrow see that so when it says hard to borrow means that it is not just you cannot just short it Here there is a fee. So if you look at if you click here Or if you look here, it shows you the fee. So for instance, let's go here And I'm going to just do a quick example to see show you guys if I wanted to place a short order in this case I'm going to say I want to short. I would say 100 shares at Let's see. Let's put a price of 4.4. It's just to show you guys the example here And then if I say place order see here It's telling me that I'm trying to short this and there is a fee of 24.15 percent That's the borrow fee that I have to pay if I want to short this and so in this case You know that you have an estimated borrow fee of 24.14 percent and sometimes This fee can go as high as a 100 percent 120 130. I've seen some as high as 200 percent to borrow it Which means that it's relatively Very very difficult to short that stock and so you have to decide if it's worth shorting it I'm paying that fee. So if you look at the cost basis, if you're going to make a ton of money Shorting it then it's easy for you to make to make that payment of that fee Right there. So let's take a look at another one. Let's say bling Same thing here with bling bling has all right. So if you can see here has an estimated borrow fee of 54.05 percent So that's this is where you go to see if a stock is short about or not most people The all they do is they try shorting your stock and then it tells them like, you know, there's a fee That's what they realize but on the weaver platform This is where you go to figure it out to see if the stock is shortable or not So again guys, this is uh, something I wanted to share with you guys because In the market, you can make money in both directions. It doesn't you just don't have to Focus solely on making money on the upside. You can make money on the downside Especially if you are trading for investors, you don't have to worry about this investors Your goal is to buy low as as low as possible and just let it ride Again, I've done a video here where we talked about Who an investor is who a swing trader is and who a day trader is So I'm going to hook that video up here if you haven't already you can definitely go check it out But if you fall in the category of a trader, which means that you buy and sell Frequently you want to consider doing Changing that mindset from like always going long to make profit. You can make profit going On going down to so again some of the key things I want you to consider is know that you have to have an emerging account On the weaver platform, which requires a maximum of $2,000 And then if you don't have $25,000 in your account, you get only three day trade and a five business day Cycle and if you don't then you're gonna get flack if you do more than three day trades You're gonna get flack as a part in the trader So and then I mean you can you can remove that by calling them telling them They can remove it or you have to wait a certain amount of time sometimes 90 days before they can remove that on your account So that's what I wanted to share with you guys in this video. Let me know in the comment section Do you do you short sell or it's not your thing? Have you tried it? Do you have a margin account that you use for that purpose again? What's your mindset when it comes to short selling? Does it make sense to you again? Again short selling is a process of making money and the stock market when things are going south So if you see the price of the start dropping short sellers are making money So you buy you sell high and then buy low, which is the reverse which is again I'm saying like that's the mindset we have is always buying low and selling high in this case You're selling high and then buying back low to make profit If you're new to the channel guys, we talk about how to end money how to save money how to invest and build wealth So if that's something that interests you go ahead and hit that subscribe button and the notification bell So you don't miss out on your content and also During this period we both is doing a promotion right now where if you sign up and deposit a hundred dollars You get four free stocks not one not two not three four free stocks guys This is absolutely insane take advantage of this I'm gonna put the links in the description below and as always guys Do your homework.