You can over and take a look at the spy, bottom line folks, you know, this broke and it broke decisively, it broke with volume, so the bottom line is at that same, now game is right down to the bottom again, you know, you basically came down with 118 million shares, you're going into like the 131, but the 131, the top of that was 374, so when you dig into a bar, even with more volume, that dig is too far, meaning we've come in, oh hold it, it's the top of the bar, right at it, yeah, that's going to be a toss up man, it's right at it, see what's going on here, 374.80 was the top of the bar, I can't believe this man, with 374.79, with 118 versus 131, okay, I suspect though, this is a break with conviction, so what's game out here is the 367 to 348, the bottom, because the S&P is the strongest, we're going to take a look at the cues, bottom line, same type of setup inside the cues, what you have with the cues is that, you know, we know that's the weaker one anyway, bottom line, the cues broke down with 75 million shares, the top of the low is 270, and that's five points into it, so that's saying the game, the bottom is game, and in this particular case, you know, the thing that keep your eye on, that you know, is that in a larger context, this spy is still on a monster ABC structure on the way down, and that's the bigger picture, man, and you know, because of the fact that the way this shook out, you better keep your eye on that bigger picture. Have a great night, folks, have a safe night, come back and visit Tommy tomorrow morning, kicks us off at 9am, great show, folks, real, look at him, folks.


cheek oil negative reviews. What I ordered versus what I got. So I ordered this cheek oil and it came in this vibrant gold color. Who wants a healing device that looks this good? Now I have to change my entire wardrobe to match this gold color. Thanks a lot cheek oil. I thought cheek oils were supposed to be a scam. But guess what? It improved my focus and my productivity.  Thanks for nothing cheek oil. I bought this cheek oil to clear my mind and have less anxiety. And now I have to find new ways to stand out in social gatherings to be a dissenter of attention. I used to be the life of the party and the drama. And now it's all sin and tranquility. Cheek oil, I want to refund. This thing actually made me more patient with my family. I used to enjoy arguing with them all the time. I don't know how but now I have more understanding and patience with my family. Terrible product. So actually, I'm an introvert and I got the cheek oil because I wanted to be more outgoing. But it's actually working too well because so many people are interested in me for some reason. They're all asking me about how I improved my health and well-being. And now so many people want to have conversations with me. It's giving me a very hard time in being an introvert. Oh my god.   I used to procrastinate on everything and blame it on my lack of energy. But now that it's increased, I have to find a new reason to avoid exercise.


All right, good morning, everyone. It is March 12th, Friday, and this is the Senate Health and Welfare Committee. This morning, and it is crossover day, so we're gonna try to get to some closure on as much as we can. And Jen Carvey is here this morning on S24 and 117. So I think I'd like to begin with S24 if we could, committee. I know that some of you have expressed your concerns about the bill and that's just fine. That's your prerogative. But I thought it would be helpful to have a vote on the bill and then be able to move it along to the full Senate so that then we can get it, theoretically, get it to economic development. So I'll just open it up for discussion at this point on S24, Senator Cummings. Yeah, I apologize. I missed some of it yesterday, but we passed this, we passed a similar bill last year and I voted for it. As I remember, it was not easy sledding on the floor of the Senate. And I'm getting the impression that this bill is more extensive or slightly different. And I just need to know, is it different? And what's been added? And then we talked about GMOs, that was labeling. This is banning. And I mean, we spent hours talking about tomato cans and... We're not labeling. No, we're not labeling, we're banning the sale. Wait, wait, what are we talking about? I'm sorry, I'm confused. S24, S24. S24 is tobacco? Banning, flavor, tobacco, product and even the first thing on our agenda. I've said where I am with tobacco. All right, thanks Ruth. I was like, wait, tomatoes, is that part of, is that a flavor? I didn't know what that is, but the taste is off the flavor. They do have BPA lining their cans. It's definitely crossover week. Just late last night. So are you asking that question about flavors, Senator Cummings? No. Okay, thank you. But just a heads up, those are just I got it. What other states are doing? Okay, yep, all right. Okay, yes. And on the S20, you may have missed that testimony where there was a comparison by Jen Duggan. I think it was. Okay, then I can find that. I'm meeting the bill. Yeah. But let me, if it's Jen Duggan, I can find it. But we're not on that bill right now. Right, so. I've already talked about the other one. So. Yes, you have. And Josh has expressed his opinion on the bill. So. Senator Lines, I told the committee out of respect for everyone that I would give a little bit of commentary as to why I was voting no on S24 if you'd like it or. Sure. I have literally lost sleep over this bill to be honest with you, thinking about what to do and which direction to go and having children of my own and being sensitive to temptations that youth might be lured to. But I come back to the fact that I think that before I was in the state Senate, the Senate passed then the legislature passed relaxed rules around marijuana. And I probably would have been a no vote in that direction. It probably would have guided me towards a no vote on this. But I think the way I look at it is if we're going to say and loosen the restrictions on one, then it's tough for me to say we're gonna outlaw some of these other products. And I also, somebody in one of our testimonies said this quote that I wrote down. People, especially adults have the right to make a bad decision. And I'm not a smoker or a tobacco user, but I think adults do have the right if they choose to and they want a flavored cigar or a chewing tobacco or a menthol cigarette. I think they have the right to do that, unfortunately. I also heard from a couple of these smoke shops who indicated that where youth are getting this product is online and largely from other countries and China is shipping it. And they didn't feel that anything that we passed here that was just gonna hurt the businesses rather than help the problem because kids will just continue to order it online. So for a number of reasons in the menthol portion, that's why I'm a no vote on this. I am very sensitive to it. I hope no youth ever take up this product and use it. It's terrible stuff. But I think at the end of the day, that's where I stand as a no. Okay, thank you. Anyone else wanna comment? Senator Hardy. Thank you, Senator Lines. And Senator Taranzini, I definitely respect your opinion as I do Senator Cummings, obviously this is a tough bill. It was a tough bill for us last year and I was on the fence last year, but I was not on this committee. So what really changed my mind or convinced me that this was an important bill to vote for was all of the testimony we had and particularly the testimony about the racial injustices associated with menthol cigarettes and flavored tobacco. In terms of voting for cannabis and the legalization of cannabis, one of the strong arguments and one of the main reasons that I voted for that bill and was a co-sponsor of that bill is because legalizing it enables us to regulate it. And that is what we are doing here with tobacco and cigarettes is we are regulating it. And one of the things we did in the cannabis bill was to prohibit flavors. So I think this is very consistent with our actions on cannabis. I also know that, and I'll let the chair speak to this but that there's a sort of path for this bill that will mean that it has other eyes on it before it comes to the floor. And while I know that this won't be an easy vote for many of our colleagues, I think it's an important public health measure that we need to take in order to not only protect young people in Vermont, but to ensure that our public health laws and regulations are racially equitable and that we are protecting all Vermonters from the harms of tobacco addiction. So I know this has been a tough bill and I have been on the fence, but I am supportive of this bill and we'll be voting for it. Thank you. Thank you, Senator Hardy, Senator Hooker. Thank you, Madam Chair. I'll be voting for this bill as well. I really feel that the marketing of these flavored products has been directed specifically to youth. And this is something that's unconscionable, I think, from the manufacturers. I remember the discussions on Joe Camel and how Joe Camel was more recognizable than Mickey Mouse at the time that it was allowed. And I'm looking at the myriad of flavors that are offered to kids, really, bubblegum, skittles, unicorn puke. I mean, these things I can't imagine are directed at adults and the colorful packaging that's so close to candy packaging. This is stuff that I think is marketing to a specific segment of the population. Menthol, Menthol's been around for a long time. But again, the racial inequities and what we heard about the marketing towards African-American communities was really compelling. So I'll be voting for this. Thank you. Thank you. I think that you, Senator Cummings. Yes, I have an opposite reaction to the racial inequity. The tobacco, and I said the other day, I will ban anything from adults. I don't have, for children, I don't have a problem and I voted for banning all the flavored vapes. I do have a problem with Menthol because we have a lot of seriously addicted people. And I personally, let's face it, the tobacco industry has targeted everyone. Remember Virginia Slims and you've come a long way, baby. I could get a premium selling old magazines because they have these elegant Chesterfield ads with the sophisticated woman. And for me, because racial equity is kind of what we're talking about these days to say that we're doing this because black people tend to smoke more cigarettes than white people. Maybe it's because their lifestyle is so tense. Maybe it's because of all the things the things that they have to put up with being afraid of the police stopping you for having your tail light out. I'm not to say it's because they're targeted and advertising implies that people of color can't make decisions about what's good for them, that they're more vulnerable. And I'm not comfortable with that. I think they can make decisions about what's good for them. I think that we should ban everything for children. I think we need to put a lot more money into cessation and prevention. But I don't, I think especially now when people are living such stressful lives to remove menthol is cool. All right, thank you. Senator, we get it. Thank you. Josh, one more comment and then I'd like to say something. Yeah, thank you, Senator Lines. I would also say that if menthol, it sounds like we have the votes for the bill, but if menthol was stripped out of it, this would be a different ballgame for me and I would be much more in a position, I think, to support it. So just for the record, the menthol is the sort of the deal breaker. All right, thank you. Yeah, that's kind of the perception that many people have about the bill. I do want to point out, before I'd say anything further on the bill itself, there is a letter that we have received from members of the BIPOC Health Justice Committee in Wyndham County that is on our webpage. And I think it would be helpful to look at that because it does identify the relationship between the use of menthol and flavors and our BIPOC community. And in fact, one of the data pieces that's in there, it has a lot of the data pieces regarding percentages of smokers as a result of what we can only assume to be targeted marketing. But the letter also has the last sentence of the second paragraph, which I think is very compelling, that in response to the data that is in the letter, at the 2016 National Convention, the NAACP supported a resolution to restrict menthol sales. That to me is very telling about the relationship between our BIPOC community and the use of menthol. For me, it's, I think, of course, it's a significant public health issue. It results in some terrible health outcomes for folks who use these products. And in particular, the use of menthol in masking the toxic and painful effects when tobacco smoke goes down through the airway. And then finally, the cost, you talk about the cost of not having menthol to smoke. And people who can also, and the comment that I've heard is that menthol is used to quit, but there's no data to indicate that. It just simply makes it feel better to keep smoking. That's what we've heard from our national experts on this. We also know that the cost of flavors and tobacco in our healthcare environment is $348 million annually. That's a lot of money in Medicaid dollars. So all to me, and I understand how difficult this is, I completely respect everyone's ability to think for themselves on this. We understand that the marijuana bill that was passed last year, bans flavors for within marijuana that sold through the regulated system. And there's a reason for that. So we don't wanna lead people into addiction. And we would like to end the addiction that's there. So I'm obviously supporting the bill. And I do think if we could take a vote on the bill, if there would be a motion to take a vote on the bill. And that, as I said before, Senator Hardy, you're the reporter, is that right? If we do vote on it. Yes. So let's, is there a motion? I move to, are you ready, clerk? I shouldn't have, I'm sorry. I forgot our clerk. Sorry, Senator Hardy. Yes, Senator Lanz, I'm ready at this time. Okay, good.  Or are you, is it an electorate? You do, okay. I love it. It says S24. That is so official. That's awesome. Okay. I move that we vote to pass S24. Is that the motion I'm supposed to make, Jen? Ken, what is the draft number we should be using? I think it's just the bill is introduced. You didn't make any changes to it. Yeah, as introduced. Does that make it 1.1, Jen? No, it just makes it S24. Just makes it S24, okay. Yeah, if you need to put a version or something I would put as introduced. Okay. You need a second, Jen. I don't think there's a second required. People often do that, right. No. Okay, Senator Lanz, would you like me to proceed? Any discussion? We've had discussion, but if anyone has a last. Okay. Senator Karen. Thank you. At this time, I'll call the roll for S24 as introduced. Myself, no. Senator Cummings. Senator Hardy. Yes. Senator Hooker. Yes. And Senator Lyons. Yes. All right. I have a vote of a three to two to advance S24 is introduced. All right. Thank you very much, Josh. Senator Hardy. So Senator Hardy and Jen, this is for the vote for both of you. So if you can get the bill with the vote and the reporter, this would be for Ruth, for Senator Hardy. If you can get the bill up to, up, I'm sorry. I'm still. We'll get it up to the secretary's office before we're on the floor. Then I will be able to ask to have it transferred to economic development today. Okay, I'll email the secretary right now. And with you have to send them the bill. Okay, I can just link to the original bill, right, Jen? Is that fine? Okay. Thanks. I think that's fine. Perfect. That's good. And then you don't have to run out the door and up the stairs while we're still in committee. There's some efficiency to zooming. All right. Good. Thank you committee. I know this is difficult and I appreciate the difficulty and but I value your honesty. So thank you.


Hello everyone. My name is Dror. I live in Japan and I teach English in elementary schools and kindergarten for 10 years now. I just finished the 100 hours course with videos. The course really helped me and gave me some new tools and ideas for my future lessons and I'm sure that the knowledge that I have now will come in use and I'm really happy that I took the course and it was something that I wanted to do for a long time but just now I found the time for it. I really recommend to anyone that teaching English or thinking of teaching English to take this course and I'm sure that it will help everyone. Thank you. See you and good luck.


When you are young, the allure of good-looking and rich men is strong and you often fall in and out of relationships with them. After a while, it starts getting tiring and you wonder whether you are valued at all. Young women usually fall for the wrong guys. Their relationships always end and leave them broken and sometimes unwilling to try again. In this video, I'm gonna share with you 7 reasons why women fall for the wrong guys. 1. Poor self-esteem Men are driven by what they see. Some can marry you simply because you are beautiful. According to Irish poet Oscar Wilde, a man's face is his autobiography.  While the man is attracted to you, he may not want to be with you if he sees some qualities he is uncomfortable with. Poor self-confidence is one of them. The man wants to adore you and wants you to know you are adorable. He wants you to be confident in your beauty and poise. Sometimes when you are not confident in your looks and you tell him about it all the time, he might lose interest in you. As a lady, you have to value yourself more than men value you. Most men just want to have a good time and if you have insecurities, they can exploit it to the advantage. For instance, if you didn't care whether people taught you were pretty or not, you would be able to see through someone complimenting you falsely to get your attention. You have to work on your personal growth and career and have a stable life. This puts you in a position where you can choose the type of partner you want. If you do not do this, you will attract unstable people who want the momentary pleasure of being with you with other commitments to stay on a long-term basis. The Fear of Commitments In relationships, commitment can be a big issue. Commitment means long-term and sometimes you just want to be in a good relationship and not feel the pressure to stay if you no longer want to. Long-term relationships are pretty serious and often lead to marriage and most young women are not ready for marriage. Sometimes to avoid this, young women enter into relationships that are headed nowhere to avoid a big commitment. Part of growing up is making decisions. If you are not ready for a serious relationship, then don't go into one. There is no pleasure. People have settled down at 40. Outline what you want clearly and stick to it. Do not enter in and out of relationships simply to avoid long-term commitments. It is emotionally draining and can lead to depression in the long run. Soul-Made Syndrome He just saw this guy at your sister's wedding. He was your sister's classmate at Princeton. He is so handsome and polite. Everything about him is perfect.  He calls you and texts you all day long. Such guys are usually a fantasy. In reality, if he does that, he probably really likes you but that gets old after a while. As a young woman, you need to stop building your ideal picture of the man and thinking anyone that does any of the things you have listed is the one. In reality, some of them have ended up cheating on their partners so much for true love. Men are human and human beings make mistakes. The assumption that a relationship has to be perfect might be why you are yet to find the one for you. If a man is too perfect, it's usually a sign that there's something about him. Many women thinking they have found their soulmates have slept with such people and shared deep emotions only to be disappointed subsequently. He might be cute and nice but just because he is doesn't make him your soulmate. 4.  You need to set a standard for yourself. It doesn't matter what the standard is, it is your life. You probably peak your dates from a research institute, MIT or Wall Street. Setting a standard automatically disqualifies a lot of men and allows you breathing space to do all the productive things. It also makes it easy to make bigger commitments since the man already meets your tastes in a man. Ladies who make these decisions on time, avoid needless dates and relationships that end up in breakups. 5.  But matters of the heart are hardly logical. It's not anyone's aspiration to suffer heartbreaks. They are quite painful and discourage future relationship endeavors. However, we can choose our outcomes when we enter into relationships only after giving it some thought. Unless you want to be fleeting, going from one man to another, you need to think seriously about your life and your goals. How does the relationship support that? Dating Mr. Mommy Issues that hasn't kept a job in 3 years, how is being with him going to help you? You must understand that Mr. Mommy Issues also has his reasons for wanting to be with you beyond sex. Do not hope that you can change him. It is a mistake young women make in their early relationships, eventually such unions end in divorce. Sadly, if he was not well to do, the court will then divide your hard-earned property and give him a portion for being your spouse as compensation. No one likes divorce or wants one. Only go out with people you have carefully evaluated. Time is your most precious asset. You can't burn it pursuing a relationship that will ultimately make you unhappy. 6. Using Relationships to Pastime As a young woman, you have the opportunity to be whoever you want to be. You can be a writer, a lawyer, a medical doctor, a musician, an artist and even the president. At this stage, your physical features are more pronounced and you have more attention than you can handle. Everyone wants to buy you a drink and hang out with you. Don't get carried away. All the glitters oftentimes is not gold. Many young women are in relationships because they're taught it would be fun. Their friends had boyfriends they wanted to try it out to. This often leads to unfulfillment in the relationship because they never had any real interest. They end up passing time by being with the person. This is rather counterproductive. Relationships are built and don't happen simply because there are two willing parties. The woman who does this is losing out on valuable time they would have spent building a genuine relationship with the person of their choice. 7. Focusing on Physical Features Only According to Bucci Emecheta and acclaimed Nigerian writer, a man is never ugly. A man's worth can seldom be detected from how he looks. This applies to women as well. Sometimes the most beautiful ones are awful not the smartest or the most talented and vice versa. In this age of social media, it is easy to be carried away by perfect-bodied men on Instagram who sport six-box and Jojo Amani suits. In reality, the most intelligent men in history are rather unremarkable in appearance. Young women who seek relationships with only men of appealing physical looks usually end up disappointed. Physical attributes are important but in the larger scheme of things, they should weigh lower in a person's chosen criteria. In conclusion, relationships are great until you get heartbroken. You shouldn't enter a relationship at all until you are sure of yourself and know what you are looking for in a partner.


Okay, so let's start. Good morning everybody. I'm Witsuhiro Tanino. I'm working at Hitachi, limited Japan. Thank you for participating this session. And also thank you for giving me a viable presentation stage. So today, I'd like to talk about how the AIR 100 will be improving for AIR Blue KBM hypervisor. Before entering the main topic, I talk about my saved owner introduction. So I'm Witsuhiro Tanino. I'm a Linux engineer. I'm working at Hitachi, limited Japan since 2004. Kind of my working area is the last feature for KBM virtual environment. Last meeting in the AIR beauty and the AIR beauty and the sustainability feature, these two features are important to vision critical environment. And my currently focused area is to improve features and feature associated with in the year recovery in order to apply KBM into highly IVB ideal virtual environment. And I have a development experience about virtual machine manager for heterogeneous cloud systems. This software can manage AIX, HP UX, also vCenter or HP VMM, Windows, Linux, many hypervisor or developmental service can manage, interesting software. So, still I don't talk about these contents. At first, I talk about the background of the hardware AIR 100 improvements. And then next expectation, I talk about the expectation for hardware AIR 100. And at third session, I talk about issues of the AIR 100 and issue of the correct AIR 100. And last, my feature work. So, as part of the ground. So, as you know, it is common that companies drive their business using private cloud or public cloud. It is the environment, virtual environments, hardware AIR makes greater impact on the system because a few dozen of the virtual guests are working on one other place there. So, previously environments, there are many servers and each server has individual services. So, if the one server go down, but other servers can keep their operation. However, currently service or virtual machines are working on one hardware and one app advisor. So, if the hardware AIR occurs, all guests affected the hypervisor errors. So, impact of hardware AIR are more bigger recently. So, one of the key feature is hardware AIR 100. In order to minimize affected area and hardware error, such as machine check is detected. It's working hardware with a failure, shutting down only affected guests are required. As for commercial units, such as AIX, HPUX, this platform of isolation features for hardware error and unpretentious error occurs at CPU or memory. And on the other hand, maybe as Intel 64 and Intel architecture 32 servers is not have isolation features for CPU or memory. So, therefore, cardiac panic was the only way when unpretentious error occur at CPU or memory. However, Nehalem EX, this is the Intel CPU and CPUs after Nehalem EX generation and share recovery was supported. And share recovery can handle memory error and unpretentious error by specific error detection and inform it to operating system. So, this feature already enough to be able to handle memory unpretentious error. So, there are three key features for hardware AIR 100. One is a pre-failure detection and next is failure isolation. And third is continuity of isolation. So, as for pre-failure detection, this means detect and isolate error regions of hardware such frequently exhibited corrected error. So, if corrected error occurs frequently, it's a region maybe likely go down in future, so isolating is important. And next, as for failure isolation, isolates error region of hardware that they exhibit unpretentious error before operating system or application use the regions using the such as much empty recovery. And third point, as for continuity of isolation, retrieve information of hardware error such as corrected error, commonly, until the hardware is cleared. So, the next section, I will talk about the expectation for hardware AIR 100. And first, I talk about what is hardware AIR 100? For example, hardware AIR 100 in the pre-operating system receives a platform error such as memory 2-bit error when the system isolates memory from usable area or recover error based on hardware specification keep system running as much as possible. Generally, server has this hardware, GPU, memory, AIR system. This hardware has each AIR 100 features. And also, as for general errors, there are corrected errors or uncorrected errors. This error to have a two type, why the UC? This error cannot handle up-operating system and also cannot recover. And UCR means uncorrected recoverable error. So, this error type can isolate hardware and collaborate between hardware and software operating system. And fatal error also cannot continue the system. So, this table shows the expectation for hardware AIR 100 for each GPU, memory, AIR sub-system. So, for example, CERR of CPU expectation is operating system or application monitor for the error occurrence isolate the CPU. It's a special over special. Current action, MC log, this is the software of machine check, monitoring the software. If you don't monitor the CERR occurrence out of good logs, isolate the CPU if possible. As for uncorrected error of CPU, expectation is operating system handle UC and isolate the error region before operating system or application use that region. But however, currently, processor only falls the system down because the processor does not have a future of handling the UC. So, waiting to give you future in the internet. So, as was seen of memory, expectation is operating system or application monitor for the error occurrence and isolate the memory region over special. Currently, MC log monitors CERR occurrence isolate the region can be isolated but this feature is not enough. Also, UCR of it, UCR type of memory expectation is always handle the UCR isolate the error region before operating system or application use the regions. With current action, current receiver UCR from hardware kind of try to isolate error region if possible. If that's not possible, hypervisor chip running ignorance error, but this behavior is not enough. So, today I focus on the UC and UCR of memory about the memory. So, it's a detail of improvement point for memory error handling. As for the preferred detection of CERR improvement point is MC log does not retry isolation failed due to use of memory or failure of memory migration. This is an improvement point. As for a continuity of isolation of CERR improvement point is MC log does not keep CERR occurrence permanently. For example, on the disk or on the MV now that the information is stored in memory and it's crashed after rebooting the server. So, the keeping feature on the permanence permanence trace is required. As for failure detection of UCR, there are two improvement points. First point is currently K-Dump failed to get to a memory dump after isolation of UCR because K-Dump second kernel of K-Dump touches the error memory region and scores the kernel panic. So, K-Dump failed and need to fix the future. Second point, data collection comes from the data loss program, O-Cas when unforesee the recoverable error O-Cas on a dirty cache. Because the page is truncated and the data with the page cannot be written to disk anymore. This slide shows the type of machine check, machine check affection and error handling role. This table shows the type of machine and this table shows the error handling role. For example, as for the error means error collected by hardware. UC means hardware could collect an error, processor complex is corrupted and not continue to operate the system. UCR, there are three types. One is SRAR, next is SROAO, next is UCNA. There are different errors. As for SRAR, software recoverable action is wired. The error is detected, processor already consumes memory, so shut down with the system is recommended. As for SRAR, some data in memory is corrupted, but the data has not been consumed, and the system can perform a recovery action for a little bit of a system. UCNA in the some data memory is corrupted, but the data has not been consumed, system may continue to operate. So look at the bottom figure. I explain about the UCR handling role and CE handling role. If machine occurs, there are two types, UC and UCR. Then UC occurs, kind of funny, is it fly out. If error type is UCR, there are SRAR and SRAR type and SRARO. If error type is SRARO, there are two types. Each is an error page and beyond the kernel side. The error page cannot isolate the flow of the kernel, so the error handling feature of operating system, ignore error page and continue to operate the operating system. If the error page belongs to the user side, such as process operating system, handle a cube process and continue to operate the operating system. If machine check occurs, the type is CMCI. CMCI means the corrected machine check, and that's it. But this type is corrected error operating system, operates low ground error page and keep system running. Next section, I don't talk about issue and corrected error handling. So this shows the SRARO isolation mechanism at the next. There are six steps for SRARO error handling. Step one and step two. If memory error occurs, CPU notifies the CPU finds the memory error. CPU finds the memory error while doing password scrub or explicit write back. This is the machine recovery feature of the CPU. The CPU raises SRARO machine check exception in the run operating system. And after step three, the dual machine check, which is the machine handler of Linux, which is the machine check and register error to machine link, ring buffer, and if error type is SRARO, SRARO is a recoverable error. And then after step four, double the memory failure function, which is hardware pointer handler, is called at process context after MCE occurs, and handler continue to process SRARO in MCE ring after step six and five until MCE becomes empty. And step five and step six, hardware pointer handler sets the PGA hardware poison drug into the PGA SRARO act. PGE manage the broken physical memory areas. And then hardware pointer handler try to isolate target pages. So hardware pointer handler has some error isolation actions. The detail, I will explain next slide. So memory, there are four type of isolation features, hardware pointer handler. One is isolate, is isolate the error page from the operating system, usable area of operating system, and other process can not use that error page. And then QQ is a page beyond the process, and cannot recover process, they should use the QQ and process is QQ. And SIGNAR space, it process have a signal handler for SIGNAR space, process handle the, using phone signal handler and continue to operate. Ignore means error page beyond the kernel, that page cannot isolate. So only ignore action. So this figure shows the SRARO isolation mechanism between host OS and relax guest OS. So if page belongs to QMKVM process, you send to QM at step six and step seven. Step six is here and step seven up here. So, and then QN sends a presubo SRARO to guest at step eight. And after that, MCE handler inside relax guest receives MCE and HANDRASRARO in same way at first. So the error page can isolate inside the relax guest, only relax guest. So next I will talk about the problem of hardware point HANDRASRARO. There are two programs, SRARO error detection. One is KDUMP to get a memory dump after isolation of the SRARO, next data loss and reduction of guest when SRARO detected what added guest. At first, I talk about KDUMP case. So when KDUMP process operates memory dump, at that panel does not know pitch memory has uncorrected error type of SRARO. So therefore KDUMP, KDUMP panel may touch memory error, pitch has uncorrected error and as a result, KDUMP machine check of a memory dump process to get memory dump. So, in order to fix the problem, my approach is there are two approach. One is a memory dump file which is a command of one of the command of KDUMP. KDUMP file already supports a feature, which specifies the type of unnecessary page, such as free page or swap page or so. So the page into a bitmap and this page excluded from a memory dump file. So my approach is exclude the hardware poison page from memory dump by adding a hardware poison page to a dump bitmap such as here. And dump bitmap is created. So check map means include this memory dump and non-check means exclude from the dump file. So this approach to, necessary to fix this, why is KDUMP site export to the hardware poison graph in order to use this graph at the dump file command at the dump file site, add a new page type to exclude the hardware poison graph page. And this exclude the hardware poison page is I made a deposition. So I propose a patch set accepted by a maintainer merged at the dump file 1.5.2 and 3.9 rescanded one kernel. And my upstream activity is correct. This particular shows KDUMP result. As you can see, there are some pages. These pages are not included. These pages are excluded from KDUMP file. For example, page filled with zero page or cache page, or cache page of private page, or free page, and I added hardware poison page. For instance, KDUMP shows the result and there are 20 hardware poison pages and these pages are excluded from memory dump.  So next is data loss and production case. This figure shows the isolation actions after hardware poison handler. Hardware poison handler have some actions depend on the page type. So it's a data page beyond the free page. That page isolates the target page and keep the operating system running. Slug means kernel page. In this case, hardware poison handler cannot handle so only ignore the page. Also, if the page belongs to green cache, that page can isolate and keep the host OS or case OS running. This figure shows at the number five case, there is a difference between find isolation action and expectation action device. So detail I would like to explain. This shows the logical data loss and corruption problem. So if step one, application writes some data with write-through mode. The data is cached. The data is cached on the proper cache and then write system code is returned instantly at step five. Therefore, a write-through code from an application is completed instantly at step three. In memory error occurs, MC recovery lays machine check into kernel and the hardware poison handler catches the error and set height of hardware poison error in the target page. And also sets as EIO flag into the file system. And then, if target page is dirty, that page, hardware poison handler blankets the target page at step four. So as a result, cache page lost. As a result, we have a problem orgasm because the data cache does not fit into a disk. Next, if application reads the data using the system code at step five, all the data is read from the digital disk. So therefore, if application process using all the data, data corruption problem occurs at step seven. So if application reads the data using sync system code or system code, the system code gets as EIO error at first time. But the file system clears after a problem system, clears after fast sync or X sync. So the next leads get auto data from digital disk. This is a detailed problem. So the next slide shows the impact of the data loss and corruption problem. This is the user's case of KVM environment. For this case, impact of application data cache is low, I think low. Because KVM processes are main processes. If KVM use cache code known for this type, QMKVM submits IEO by the IEO and IEO are not cached out of the host side. And as for this case, impact of truncating data cache is high because IEO from application inside guest is cached after file system, file system layer. If that is cached is truncated by hardware points on the app, data load application is lost. And also if application use auto data in the program with digital disk, data corruption problem occurs. So require the isolation action is kind of gold spiked instantly at guest OS and same user data before data loss or data corruption problem. So currently I'm proposing a patch and discussing the patch at stream. And I propose a kind of panic note into a hardware poison handler and some maintainer commented my patch. And currently we are discussing what is best way to handle the data loss problem. So for the next session, I did talk about issue of protected error handling. At first I explain about the MC log teachers. MC log is a demo for reporting hardware errors. The teacher is error logging and error counting but page of writing cache error handlings. This figure shows the result of MC log. If memory error or cache MC log outputs the set log, this will indicate the error or cache CPU 0, normally back to error type is uncorrected error and survey row. Address, address is here. This is another result of MC log. This means five corrected memory error occurs during the 24 hours and also one uncorrected error occurs during the 24 hours. So the next I will talk about the page of writing. So if corrected error occurs in specific memory region, intentionally the region is likely to go down in the future. So MC log can run the corrected error trends in order to run the system administrator to take the other corrective action when the error rate exceeds the short. This table shows the expected future for back-to-page error running. At small number one, I select target page in case of pre-page and it's going to be supported. At small number two, retry isolation when the page is free. This feature doesn't support client or MC log. At small number three, continue to keep memory error database into a disk or a number type of memory until your hardware is depressed. This feature also doesn't support client and MC log. At small number four, isolate the error pages. Again, using memory error database after rebooting the server. This feature doesn't also currently support it, not currently, not supported currently. So the requirement of action one and action two continue after corrected the isolation. I think MC log isolate flowing pages and the error rate exceeds the short. However, MC log failed to isolate the page because the page only use the page with the page or the page belongs to the client. As a farmer case, a page can be isolated from the usable page after application is used of the page to be finished. So required feature is MC log should isolate the page and the page will be freed from application. So as for number three and number four case, continue after corrected the isolation. Actually, MC log manage error page using memory error database, but this database is temporary inside of only memory. So information of error pages, you can see it's corrected the error only exists on memory. This information are flashed after reboot such as daily system maintenance or weekly system maintenance. So required action about number three, store memory error database into a file or disk or output the errors into end-of-the-run. Using good EFI or API function in order to keep data until hardware is depressed. And required action about number four, isolate error pages using back page of writing with the error data of number three. Error pages should be isolated from usable page before boot up of KVM guests. Because KVM guests allocate large memory, a large amount of memory. So this is a summary of my presentation. Recently, it is common that enterprise servers, especially for cloud environments, likely have a large amount of memory. This means the security of memory failure is included with the improvement of hardware, hardware error handling has been provided at 64 or their texture 332 servers. The hardware error handling of Linux has been continuously involved, however, more improvement are necessary at these three points. At first point, it's prepared detection. Device affection or hardware project error by our detection of hardware error, isolation, which marks how they are poisoned of the error page as a usable area. As for failure isolation, isolate hardware error and project error, providing isolation action which use an asset to meet their needs. And content key, require an action of content view of isolation. Store up hardware error data permanently on disk or use that data as a presentive activity to prevent output error. So, future work, there is the future work for failure detection and repair detection and content key after isolation. Thank you very much. If you have a question, please ask me.


Everyone is equal in the eyes of the law. That means we all deserve to have our rights respected and the rule of law should ensure that is the case. Sometimes our rights are unfairly breached without us even realizing. An example of this is children with special educational needs not getting the support they need in school. Everyone is the right to an education and this lack of support and understanding can often lead to unfair exclusions which massively impact the quality of education. Girls often suffer without being diagnosed as well because the system is based around males. Even after school there is a lack of send opportunities in the workforce. Adults too can go undiagnosed until late in life meaning they don't even know they could flourish with some extra support. Ultimately everything comes back to knowing our rights and a great way we can level the playing field is to drive public law education particularly for young people.