My name is Zor. Welcome to Unisor Education. Today's topic is abstraction. If you ever wondered what mathematicians do, and you would like to hear it like in a couple of words, I think the first thing which comes to mind is they are engaged in abstraction. What does it mean? Well, let's consider you have certain objects. You have one object, maybe a real object, and you have another object. And you would like to know certain properties, or you would like to think about the qualities of these objects, etc. You noticed that an object on the left has properties A and B, and an object on the right has properties, let's say, B, C, E, D. Alright, the property B is common in these two objects. Maybe there is something which can be derived from this fact. So what do mathematicians do? Well, they create an artificial new object which has only one property B, and research it. For instance, they have come up with the conclusion that if there is an object with a property B, it has a quality lowercase B. What does it mean? It means that this particular object also has this quality B, and this object also has quality B, because both of these objects have capital B property. There are two advantages to study this particular artificial object rather than individual prototypes, as we can call it. Number one, this is simpler. Less properties, and it's purely artificial, so it contains no extra things which we might not really like. And the second one, whatever you bound with this particular object as a property, this lowercase D, for instance, it's applicable to many prototypes which share the same common property B. Let me give you an example. Let's consider first integer numbers and operation of addition. So you have all integer numbers and operation of addition. Positive and negative. On another hand, you can consider all rational numbers and operation of multiplication. These are two completely independent objects, but there are certain commonalities between these two. For instance, this operation, the addition in integer numbers is completely self-contained, two integer numbers will give an integer number. We are within the category of integer numbers all the time, whatever the operation addition we are performing on whatever members. Same thing here. If you take two rational numbers and multiply them, you will also have a rational number. Another property. For every number, there is an inverse number which being applied to gives zero. Actually, the very similar story exists here. For every rational number, there is an inverse which being multiplied always gives the number one. What's so special about zero and what's so special about one? Zero in addition doesn't change anything being applied in both sets. One on any rational number doesn't change it. So these are very similar properties, zero for addition and one for multiplication. Okay, fine. We found that there are certain commonalities between these two objects. What do mathematicians do in a case like this? Very simple thing. They invent a brand new object. So they forget about integer numbers and operation of addition. Forget about rational numbers and operation of multiplication. They invent a brand new object called a group. What is a group? It's not a set of numbers. It's just a set of anything, whatever you want. Sort of certain elements. Together with a set of elements, they're saying, well, let's assume there is some operation. I will use the circumflex for an operation. So there are elements and there is an operation, binary operation, which means any two elements of this group can be applied against this operation and you will get another element of the same group. So let's just symbolically write it this way. Where x, y and z are all elements of the same set, same original set. Okay, so we have defined our integer numbers with operation of addition really looks like it. Elements are numbers, integer numbers, and operation is addition. Our rational numbers with operation of multiplication also looks like it. Rational numbers are elements and operation of multiplication is this operation in general, which we are saying. Well, there are add some properties. Let's assume that there is always some kind of a unit element which being applied to any other will give the same and if you will apply it on another side, it will be also the same thing. We can add a couple of other things, for instance, for every x there is an element which we call inverse. I'll put it with a bar on the top which will give this unit element. Remember, with an integer number and operation of addition, you have a negative number which gives zero. For a rational number, you have a reverse one over it which being multiplied will give to one. Basically, this is equivalent of zero and one for addition and multiplication. This is equivalent of negative and one over operations in our prototypes. We have two different prototypes but both of them really are just particular representations of these more general cavologies. Now, let's just prove a very simple theorem about groups. Well, it's not really a group yet in mathematical sense. Group also requires associative law, etc. But let's not talk about this. We're not studying the groups right now. We are actually demonstrating the concept of abstraction. So we have abstracted two different prototypes integers with operation of addition and rational with operation of multiplication into one concept. And let's just prove something within the framework of this concept. It's simpler. It doesn't have all the peculiarities of numbers or addition versus multiplication. I'm not talking about this. I'm talking about any abstract operation which just have these properties. And the theorem which I am going to prove is the following. There is one and only one element, unit element, which has these properties being operated upon, any other element, it will give itself. Well, here is the proof. Just using these two properties, since x can be any element, let's assume that we have two different unit elements, i1 and i2. Both have the same property, which means i1 being applied to any element on any side will give it the same element and i2 will have exactly the same property where x can be anything. Now it's very simple. Since all these equations are true for any element x from the group, this equation is true for element x equals to i2. And what happens in this case? We have i1 operation i2 being applied against x will give i2. We use this one. Now let's use this one for x equals to i1. What do we have? We have i1 operation i2 will give i1. Well, now look at these guys. The left parts are the same, which means the right parts are the same. So i1 is equal to i2. Well, it's such a trivial theorem it doesn't really deserve to be called a theorem. But what's important is that by doing this I have proved there is only one number zero. Which has exactly the same property of being added to any other number will not change the value. So if you have something like x plus a equals a among integer numbers there is only one x which is equal to zero. Similarly, what I have proved among the rational numbers if you have something like this in this case a is an irrational number. So if you have this equation among a rational number you have only one solution. So I have proved that these and these two equations have one and only one root which is in this case a unit element for multiplication which is number one. So in this case is a unit element for addition which is zero. So that's what mathematicians do they do abstraction they prove something in their abstract theory in the abstract set of elements or whatever they come up with and then they propagate it back to the prototypes from which they abstract these colleges. It's easier that way.


There's a new type of malicious documents going around this time. It's an XML file You might have received one like I did here. It's a remittance advice REMNNUMBER.XML So the attached file here is an XML file Now you might think that when you double-click this XML file that it would open there with Internet Explorer, but That will not be the case if you have a Microsoft Office installed. If you have a Microsoft Office installed then you have this XML directive here that says it's an MSO application and that it's Word document Okay, so This XML file is opened by Microsoft Word Now let's go down Okay, and here we have some data and this is base 64 encoded So let's select this almost there Okay, so this is the base 64, which I'm going to copy and now I Can paste this as base 64 Okay, and I get the binary document that starts with the header active MIME So let's take a look at the hex representation. Okay Here From byte 50 on we are actually dealing with the ZLIP compressed stream So let's select this Okay Copy this as a hex text and then I have a special tool here This is the compressed hex and I I can inflate this like this So I'm this decompressing the stream like that. Okay, and here now you can already see dog file so this is actually a An oily file like this So and then of course we can analyze this with only dump Now I have updated or they dump that it can Analyze those XML files, so let's try this and here is the XML file and here you can see the In the data.mso file that was found inside All the streams with macros and here one With the URL that has been decoded by the trytics decoder


Moving on to our PR professional of the year 2016. Big one here. Let's find out who the winner is. This was a difficult decision for us because we had two types of entries. There were some very good entries from companies and there were some outstanding entries from agencies. What we looked at, two or three things. Number one, contribution of course in the last one here. Two, we looked at whether the person has been able to drive real value to the organization that he or she has worked for. We looked at whether they've been able to drive business results. And more importantly, we looked at whether the person has been able to set trends for the industry. And the winner actually stood out clear on those four criteria.


Today we went around and asked Marquette students what their world record would be. My will be taking the longest hours. It's called record for how many meal swipes I've asked for my underclassmen friends. And watching TV or movies. Go. Most strawberry refreshers drink during the school year. Most amount of jobs on campus. Probably for the most consecutive hours awake.


For more videos on people's struggles, please subscribe to our YouTube channel. For room service You are screaming from the representing dogs You want to be afraid But as I told you You will loose You already have lost Because without using these laws They will not even be able to touch any of them.  And they will find a government of Spain that if you want to touch a coma here, we are going to take two more steps forward. And the state law will be approved, trans. And the LGTBI law will be approved. And it will be approved by the LGTBI law. From this collective, laws like the ones I am working on tomorrow will always be heard. And I am going to fight them. I am going to fight them, and I am going to fight them.


draft script for remotely conducted open meetings. Good afternoon, good evening. This open meeting of the Arlington School Committees being conducted remotely consistent with Governor Baker's executive order. I'm gonna like slash and burn because I think he told us we could shrink it. In order to mitigate the transmission of the virus, we have been advised to suspend public gatherings. And as such, the governor's order suspends the requirement of the open meeting law. All members of public bodies are allowed and encouraged to participate remotely. This meeting will not feature public comment. We are convening via Zoom. Some attendees are participating by video conference. Others may be able to see you. Don't screen share your computer. The materials for the meeting will be available in Novus. If they're not available now, they will be available shortly at the end of the meeting. We recommend members of the public follow the agenda as posted. I will introduce each speaker. We will have a roll call vote for any votes that we take. So, let's see, attendance. So, Ms. Eksten. Here. Mr. Cardin. Here. Alison Ampey. Here, and my video goes off because otherwise you guys all freeze. Mr. Thielman. Yes, here. Mr. Schuchman. Good evening. Mr. Schiener. Yes, here. I am also here. Okay, so I'm looking to see what we called the first item on our agenda. So we are here tonight to begin the open part of the process of searching for a new superintendent. So for those who are joining us, some background in June of 2019, Dr. Bodie notified the school committee that it was her intention to retire at the end of, in, at the end of June, 2021. So we did a two year contract at that time. And then in the spring, we spent some time in the winter of last school year into the spring planning a superintendent search in a subcommittee which was led by Mr. Schuchman. And at the time, the other members were Dr. Alison Ampey and Ms. Seuss, who was a former member of the committee. We moved forward when we set our subcommittees for this cycle and Mr. Cardin took Ms. Seuss' position on the superintendent search process subcommittee, those three members of the school committee along with a number of members of the public. I think it was, you were a committee of 13, is that right, Mr. Schuchman? 15. 15, all right. So along with 12 other members of the community, including members of the public, parents, members of the Arlington Public Schools, community, teachers, administrators, et cetera, worked together over the last six to eight weeks, I think to begin the process of searching for our new superintendent. And I know that Mr. Schuchman can speak more articulately to this than I can because he was more involved in the process. And I will let him do so, but just so that people know, so where we are tonight is that we are in a place where the search process committee has finished their work. They have finalists to bring to the school committee and then we are meeting tonight, not to discuss the finalists, but to plan the very important work over the coming weeks of soliciting the opinion of all of the stakeholders in the community about these candidates so that ultimately we can make a decision. So Mr. Schuchman, would you like to give us some, whatever background you would like and tell us about the finalists? Does that make sense? That makes perfect sense. All right, go ahead. Okay, so we start off with a 15 member search screening committee with two alternates. And I wanna say it was an extraordinary committee. People volunteered to meet together on Zoom for a bunch of nights, like seven nights to gather questions, to interview the candidates and to deliberate. This was a very diverse committee. It was made into a diverse committee for very solid reasons because we wanted different viewpoints and different opinions and different perspectives. And at the end of the entire process, we converged both in terms of consensus and a unanimous vote to decide to recommend to the school committee that we proceed with two finalists for the position of superintendent. I have posted their information at Arlingtonsuper.com, the two finalists are Dr. Veronica Greer who is superintendent in Sharon and Dr. Elizabeth Homan who is assistant superintendent in Waltham. We used a rating system to get there and Kirstie was very helpful because she suggested the methodology which worked just fine. These two candidates rose to the top of the nine candidates we selected to interview who rose to the top of the 20 applicants. So we are in 100% agreement that we are presenting to the committee the two best candidates for the position. We have done a bunch of preliminary reference checking and of course, MASC has done much of that for us. And we've done whatever investigations and questions we can raise about the two candidates without compromising the confidentiality of the process. So that if I had a friend in Waltham or in Sharon and I were to call them up and say, hey, what do you think about this person? It would expose them as a candidate which would not have been an ethical thing for us to do. So we've relied upon third party sources and in other information available to us in order to verify that these are two candidates that definitely have the credentials to move forward. They also have excellent letters of recommendation in the file. And if you look at the website anyone is able to go and click upon their application which includes their letters of reference. They are redacted so we're not disclosing personal information other than that that is the actual application that the committee saw. I also wanna stress that for the other 18 people who began the search process, this has been a confidential search process and that we are ethically obliged not to discuss anyone who might have applied or did not apply that weren't brought forward. So these are the only two candidates we can talk about. And we have basically a unanimous vote and a consensus to support them. The next conversation will be, how do we go about the business of conducting the next set of interviews which under normal circumstances would be a pretty easy thing to do because we have traditionally invited the candidates to come to the district, tour the district, meet a lot of people in the middle of a pandemic. That's not in the range of possibilities. So we will probably do a bunch of work on Zoom with two components. One component is in which the candidates will spend some time in open community forums with teachers, parents, community members, all public with the exception of the teachers. We want the teachers to be able to talk to the candidate on their own confidentially. But for community members, the rest of it will be an open process. We'll invite the two candidates to arrange individual meetings on Zoom or on the telephone with the town manager, superintendent Boaty and district leadership. And we will also supply for the community a survey monkey type document where if they participate in or watch one of these community events, they can go in and rate the candidate on various scales and provide feedback. After that happens, we'll be able to look at the feedback as we interview the candidates, which I anticipate being at least two hours for each session. This is an important job moving forward. And then we'd have a deliberation, possible site visits, Zoom site visits. We can decide what we want to do moving forward after we meet and interview the candidates. Now, I will also state that we had a series of questions that we did ask the candidates through the first round. That has been distributed to the school committee and we'll make that public as well. So people know the questions that we had asked in the past. So that our questions as a school committee, hopefully will not be the type of time crunch where you have about four minutes to answer a question. I'd like to see us move to a format where we give each member of the committee say 10 minutes to engage in conversations with each candidate within a framework of questions so that we could get a conversation, get a feel for who they are and ask them about things that are more relevant to public governance. And that's where we stand right now. We'll have to schedule times for two interviews with the committee, which are public meetings. We're entering town meeting season, which makes, and we have Veterans Day and Thanksgiving, which makes it more complicated. So it's proving to be a more challenging time to do the finals than we anticipated when we set up the timeline a few months ago. But we can do this. And I think that we've got two excellent candidates. The community will be fortunate to hire either one. And I look forward to giving the community the opportunity to meet them. And that's what I have to say. Great, thank you, Mr. Schuchman. And thank you to both you and Mr. Cardin and Dr. Allison Ampey and Ms. Seuss, as well as the other 12 members of the Search Process Committee. This was a very time consuming process for all of you. And I think I can only speak for myself, but I can imagine that myself and the other three members of the committee are excited to be here at this juncture on November 4th, having an opportunity to meet two finalists for this position. So I'm really grateful for all of your hard work because we wouldn't be here in early November if it wasn't for all of you and for the willingness of the Search Committee to really pull double duty and spend an extraordinary amount of time interviewing all of the other candidates. I will note for the public that as Mr. Schuchman noted that the process until this point was done in executive session and the other members of the school committee, myself, Ms. Exton, Mr. Heiner and Mr. Thielman did not participate in that part of the process. And so we, these candidates are new to us as well, which is exciting. So I think what I'd like to do is if there's a motion to accept these two finalists, I think that we should go through that and then we can work through figuring out our next steps. Madam Chair, I move we accept the finalists and move forward with scheduling interviews for them. Second. All right, any more, any discussion? It's hard to actually, it's hard to see you guys. Mr. Schuchman, are you able to unshare your screen so then I can get everybody back in front of me? Yes, I can. Yeah, that'd be appropriate. We're all here. Okay. So seeing no. Oh, Mr. Thielman, go ahead. Yeah. I just, I want to thank the screening committee. And you know, I just read through their applications when they came in when Mr. Schuchman sent them to us the other day and they're very impressive candidates. I, one thing I am curious about, and I realize this is executive session and there's, it's, you can't be that transparent, but we, we got two great candidates. Was there ever a conversation about trying to get us more candidates getting more candidates to this, to this final round? Could you speak at all to the, to that discussion without revealing people's names? Yeah, I could do that. There was such a clear division between the top two candidates in terms of the points scoring and the remaining candidates. It would have been difficult to differentiate a third among the essentially what turned out to be a second tier of candidates. And it was the opinion of the committee that these are the two people we wanted to hire. We didn't want to bring somebody into the search who stood much lower probability of being hired and put them through the stress and strain when there was such a clear differential in our mind going forward. The other thing is, is that we did ask Mr. Kutcher what his impression of that question was we spent some time debating whether or not we can go forward with two or should we go find a third. At this point in time, both applicants are highly enthused about Arlington there. As far as we know, we're not in any other searches. We are early in the game and the reason why you'd bring in a third in many parts would be to protect against losing one of the candidates if you only had two. We think there's a very small risk of that happening. So we're very confident going through going forward with with these two candidates. It is appropriate. Okay. Would my committee members agree with that? Mr. Cardin. Yeah, that was the only point I was going to raise was, you know, we did have a serious discussion. We wanted to have, you know, more candidates. But the way these searches work, you don't know who's going to apply or who, you know, what the, what the committee is going to react to. And it was a pretty clear consensus that there's, these were the top two. And it would be a little bit artificial to find a third person.  For that, by the way, I'm grateful. I'm grateful for that. I'm grateful for that. I'm grateful for that. I'm grateful for that. I'm glad that we're not spend time with candidates that. Are very strong people and have great credentials. I'm sure, but are not the right fit for this job. The point I just want to make is that. Mr. Look, we talked about a 10 minute limitation rule. That actually. They make great. I don't, I just don't know yet. I've got into thinking about the questions, but it's a hundred and 20 minute meeting of it. We actually could probably give each, but everybody 15 minutes. 10 minute timeframe and stopping people 10 minutes, especially if the conversation gets helpful and interesting to the rest of the group with the candidate would be. Not the best way forward. I agree in philosophy with Mr. Thielman. One of the things that happened when we had a 15 member committee doing a 90 minute interview, essentially is that it was very fractionalized. And I think the thing that. We need to do more than anything else is to be able to engage in those conversations. The committee is willing to go. For a 15 minute discussion with each person that would be fine. My thoughts initially were to do 10 to 12 and then have a do around of that, then do five minute follow-ups. You could, that's, that's a, that's a good idea too. That's a good idea. Actually, that's often better to have a follow up on. Yeah. Yeah. It's up to the full committee. I'm just thinking and reacting to what we saw. And how the candidates responded during the first round. And the kinds of things that we feel we needed to talk, talk about. Going forward in the finals. Is that it? Mr. Thielman. My final question is just in terms of setting up the dates. Is that going to be by Karen. We're about to do that next. It's going to be amazing. We're just right now. We're having discussion about the. We're having discussion about the motion to accept these two. And then we're going to have fun calendaring time. Dr. Allison Ampe. I was just going to concur with my colleagues that. First, thank you to our committee, the search committee, which I think was just, it was excellent. It's one of the, I think it's probably the best committee. I've been on. In Arlington, not including. Present company. And I appreciate all the work and the thoughtfulness that people put into it. Second, we did have the discussion that Mr. Thielman to echo what has been said, we did have that discussion and it was the unanimous decision of our committee to bring forward these two candidates. Oh, and I have to leave at 535. Right. We're cruising. Any further discussion on this. On the motion by Mr. Schlickman, the second by Mr. Heiner. All right. Seeing none. Ms. Exton. Yes. Mr. Cardin. Yes. Dr. Allison Ampe. Yes. Mr. Thielman. Yes. Mr. Schlickman. Yes. Mr. Heiner. Yes. And I am also yes. Okay. So we have our finalists. We've accepted them. So now. We're going to move forward with the important work of soliciting. Feedback from. Our stakeholders. And we're in a wonderful position in Arlington. I think there is a lot of. I am so grateful to Dr. Bode. Mr. Schlickman sent us a couple of documents. About. Potential. Hiring sort of. So how, how are we going to now do this? Right. We're going to move forward with the important work of soliciting. Feedback from. I'm so grateful to Dr. Bode for putting us in this position. She gave us a lot of time to let us know that she was planning to retire. And, and, you know, the, the search committee moved us forward and, and she got us started on the right foot. And Arlington and isn't a great place. So we're very fortunate that we have people who are, you know, who look fantastic, who want to work here. So we need to make sure that we have our community, and that we have the opportunity to, to meet with, with these two candidates and provide as much feedback as possible. So Mr. Schlickman, do you want to. Sort of. Propose a way of thinking about doing this. And then we can have some conversation. I will call on Dr. Allison Ampe first because I know we're at T minus 11 minutes with her. So I'm going to go back and then we'll, we'll let her know what the schedule is. So go ahead, Mr. Okay. I think that there are two things we need to do. One we need to do is schedule some dates and obviously we'd have to open ourselves up to date so that. Mr. Kutcher can work with the candidates to adopt their schedule. I think it's important that we, and the committee doesn't need to do this. This can be done administratively. So we need to do this. So we need to do this. We need to do this. The. Zoom sessions and introductions to the rest of the committee or the community. The only thing that we need to worry about at this point are the meetings in which we interview the two candidates. So that what I would propose is we'd have two, two and a half hours of time. Blocked off at this point on two separate dates. That can be scheduled. So we need to do this. We need to do this. We need to do this at minimum. After the community gets to meet the candidates. And. It might be advisable for the candidates to go and do this all at once, or maybe they do the teachers on one day in the community and, and, and other stakeholders, the other, but that's sort of. Up to them to schedule the only thing we need to worry about right now are two things. One would be when we wanted to conduct our interviews. So we need to do. Basically a framework for the, for the questions. So that we don't have. So that we don't come in, start asking. Duplicate. Questions or get surprised by what the other members of the school committee are doing. We don't have to hash that out on our own either. We can use Mr. Kutcher. And Ms Kelly as the conduit for just coordinating that. So I would propose that we. Pencil in a couple of dates for. Potential interviews. And then let. Glenn work further on this. Dr Allison ampy. Comment. Okay. What are the dates? Hold on a second. Mr. I assume these are going to be separate from our regular meeting dates. In other words, we wouldn't be having a regular business meeting and dedicating two and a half hours. I personally would not like that. I would like to dedicate each of those meetings to the candidates. That's right. So the, the, there is the potential, Mr. Chairman. We were the full committee. We have a full business meeting a week from tomorrow on the 12th, right? Which will be not be a candidate interview. We have plenty that we need to do. Potentially we also have another meeting on the calendar on the 19th, the night of the 19th, which is a full school committee. We could make a decision to use that as one of the options that we have. I don't want to, I don't want to, I don't want to, I don't want to comment on that. I don't want to comment on that. But I, I also agree with you, Mr. Heiner. I don't want to. I only want to do one thing. And I obviously, I don't want to comment on that. I don't want to do them back to back either. I want to do them on separate days. Dr Allison ampy. I would point out that I think this is the most important thing that we can be doing right now. And if we need to move our school committee meeting to a different place, I think we need to move our school committee meeting to a different place. So I think we need to be looking for just in terms of thinking about dates, not saying to them at the same time, but I would move the school committee before I would change the date much later. So, Mr. Schickman. Because we've got 10 meetings going to occupy. I don't know how many Mondays and Wednesdays. I'd like to propose for the sake of discussion that we. We're going to move the school committee meeting to a different place and then move the school committee meeting to a different place on the 17th and conduct interviews at our November 19th meeting. Doctor. Ms. Morgan. Sorry. I was taking notes on the day. It's not your fault. It just like, I've got a lease. Mr. We haven't, we haven't like the high school building committee meeting that night. And there's like two set meetings. We can't move. One is the 17th and one is December 3rd. We're getting close to. We're getting close to December 3rd. And so there's two meetings we kind of have to have. What time are those at? Cause the issue is, is that. The 16th Monday and the Wednesday. I assume we're still going to be in town meeting on Wednesday. I just, well, I'm sure we're going to be. It starts at six o'clock. I mean, I could. Meet earlier at four o'clock. I don't know how to. I might have a permanent town building committee meeting also that we're going to be in town. We're going to be in town meeting on Wednesday. So. Mr. Schlichman is proposing that we meet on the 17th. Two. And then again on the 19th with one candidate. Is that what you're saying? One candidate each. Yes. You want to do each candidate into different night. I'm wondering. I'm wondering this. I'm wondering if we just use the 12th and the 19th that already scheduled and do one meeting on the, one candidate in the 12th, the other on the 19th. I think we is the 12th a little too quick. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know. I don't know how to schedule.  I have no problem with the 19th. Can we use one of the ones in December? Well, no, I mean. No, I think we want to get it done. I think the issue, Mr. Thielman is that we won't have met as a full committee for three weeks. Right. By the time we get to the 12th. And then if we. And we could find another full committee. We could fill out the, the, the meeting. We're going to, you know, remember meetings. We don't meet again until December 10th. Yeah. Which gives us. That's a long, that's quite a long time. The other really. I'm going to speak heresy, but hold on. It's a bit of a Saturday. Before I do that. Let me, let me just say that. We will probably want to do some eyes and cross some keys on the 12th. I don't know if we can do it after the 12th anyway. But I would recommend we, given that we're just going to go into scheduling. Hell. That we direct the chair to. Pull the committee to find the date of the second meeting. And do one at the, on the 19th. Okay. I would like, I mean, my preference is. I would like to not have these spread too far apart. I feel like a week between people is not my preference. I just feel there's too much that can change in a week. And I really want to see these two, these people. They don't need to be back to back, but I, I, I don't want to let a lot of time. Elapsed between them. Just for some reason it makes me. I'm not super comfortable with that. I totally agree with this Morgan. I agree with that. I agree with that. By the way, I totally agree. We want to do them both in the same week. We want them as close together as possible. So we have the comparison and can think about them both. I have, you know, we got the building committee and. I can't, I can't move. We've moved this thing around so many times. Agreed. And what about the night, the 20th, the Friday. I'm good. I can do that. I mean, I think. So how about we, let's do the 19, let's, let's do that. And then we can see them back to back, which is. I'm seeing Ms. I'm seeing nobody's like, yeah, thumbs up. Friday earlier than, than like a. We can schedule the time anytime we want. I mean, if we wanted to do it earlier, we could just leave that to. Just post bit early on Friday night. So. I wish I. Any time. Hold on just a second. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Next. And the idea is that we're doing these after the, all of the community feedback, the teacher feedback. Okay. So the intention would be to do the community feedback. You know, either the 16th, 17th. Or 18th. Right. Yeah. Or the night earlier. It could be any time earlier. Right. Or. But. We're going to do it as fast as possible. So then we get as many, you know, as many people in as possible. And to the same, to the same thing. I don't want to spread out those too much either. Right. I don't, I don't want. I, I would like people to see them. You know. One right after the other, Dr. Allison Amby. Two saying, well, three things. Um, November 24th is a building committee meeting. Was that changed? Um, to, uh, when, if we have our interviews, the 19th and 20th, which I think is fine. When would you want to do us meeting and thinking and deciding? Um, especially given that Thanksgiving is coming. Um, I think we should have done that before the Tuesday. Yeah, we said the name. I sent an email out moving the meeting. You should have gotten that from the. There's no meeting. I got one moving things to the morning. Okay. I'll, I'll figure it out. Yep. Okay. I just want to be sure it's on the 10 right now. It's still on the town website as being a meeting. So. Mr. Heiner. Yeah. I'm just going to, I'm just going to, I'm just going to, I'm just going to, I'm just going to, I'm just going to defer to Paul. Is that a open meeting also Paul or can that be done in private? Yes, it's an open meeting. Okay. Just want to make sure. Uh, everything we do from this point out with the exception of. A discussion. Relative to. Preparation for contract negotiations must be done in public. Okay. So you can also try and get people to the extent that they can obviously to hold the 19th, which should be okay. Hold the 20th. As much time as you can, because to some extent we need also need to work with our candidates and their availability too. Right. So hold the 19th, hold the 20th and hold the 24th. Right now. You'll get back to us with a specific times. Yes. Yes. Sure. That's fine. Yeah. But let's, let's, let's, let's pretend, you know, let's hope that those are going to be our date. And then Mr. Slickman, just so that we're clear, the process for setting up the, the stakeholder meetings will Glen be orchestrating that because I would like to the extent that we can, I would like to get that information out to, to teachers and administrators and families as soon as possible so that we can get, you know, so we can, you know, that you're going to get the, we want as many people as possible. We understand people are very busy. And this is a very, you know, challenging month to be doing this. So, but the sooner that we can let people know the better. Yeah, I will have Glenn get in touch with you as the chair of the full committee to make sure that that message gets out. Okay. So he'll coordinate with the hill coordinate the availability with the candidates and then we're, we're looking I see miss X and we're looking to sometime, the 161718 ideally to do one day, one another day. All right. Ms. Xston. At our previous meeting we had talked about some kind of in person opportunity if we decided that that's not wise anymore how we theoretically if we wanted to, I mean we could do the the 19th and the 20th in person if we want to we can, we could do those over zoom and then and then meet on the 24th and decide that we want to meet them in person I don't know I mean it's a good point. Yeah, I'm not sure. So, discussion about that Mr. Heiner. In the past when we've had candidates for positions, they would come about a half hour early have supper. They'd be a little socializing and stuff like that. It was open to anyone that wanted to come. I don't know whether. I mean, we do rotary meetings the first 20 minutes of socializing and getting. We want to do the first 1015 minutes like that just high Hawaii how many kids you got where you live. Right, so the challenge I think is is that what we need in order to do this right because of the requests from the Department of Health, as well as as you know, advisories around gathering size etc. It can be the seven of us plus a candidate which is fine we're well within parameters we can do that in the school committee room without difficulty. But the issue is is that it all needs to be a public, it all needs to be public, right, but we can't physically have the public in the room. Because that wouldn't be safe for them and we so anyway, the way that you do this apparently is that you know we would still be doing it. I would work with ACMI to set it up so that it was still available to the public to view and watch in real time. But we can't, we can't have it open to them to come to the sixth floor. Mr. This is what I would suggest I and I faced this sort of my day job is. I think the interviews are going to work best. If we're on a screen without a mask interviewing the person I actually think it's going to be more intimate. The other face to face is, is for all of us who have to take a vote and make a hire individually to get a, you know, this I don't want to feel for the person you know where they like so I think that is something if it can be arranged I would not do it in a formal meeting. If it's possible to have some sort of a social interaction. I don't know I think we need to think about that. It could be in my own experience it's been like a tour a walk around facilities, where I talked to the person and get a feel. It could be, you know, a red gym, gathering where there's plenty of room and there's, you know, we could walk around I don't know, but I don't I would not do the formal interviews at all and any other venue, but this, because we're going to be much more comfortable without our masks it's much more natural it's actually more intimate in some respects because you're very close to the candidate. So there should be some social interaction allowed and I know what it looks like yet, in which we get to be with each of the candidates for an hour, not in a formal interview but or half an hour whatever it is where there's just a, you pick up your own vibe. That's what I would suggest. I agree. So I think bring your best ideas on this on the 12th. And then we get right well I mean, because that's kind of our next chance to talk about it and we can if we can we can pin down our, our interview times. We can hold the 24th, but we don't, we, we may not feel comfortable making a decision at that time we may want to meet and have a conversation and then say what are our next steps. Right. I mean, I don't, we definitely don't want to get, I certainly don't want to get pushed into a decision by a calendar. Right. But we still want to keep, we want to keep moving Mr. Carter and I saw your hand up. Oh, I was, I was going to actually see if we could consult with with council about different opportunities to do this without having it being a public meeting. I mean, those dinners that we did that people are talking about those weren't broadcast or anything. Maybe they were posted and people could come but you know, you know, if we could each like a two or two of us at a time for example could take a walk around the track with a candidate or something. I don't know I'm just running out of ideas where just a couple of us at a time would meet. We wouldn't be a quorum. So maybe something just to ask the council about that. I will take that. I will take that on. When we had those dinners, they were posted public meetings and if somebody wanted to go and sit on the side and watch us talk and eat dinner with these people, they were able to do that. They were able to question us to try to do an end run around the open meeting while whatever this is, it would need to be posted. But I would certainly listen to council and regarding how we can construct a more social environment. Dr. Allison Ampe. I just point out that given the way COVID has been going lately, we may not have all options available to us. So when you think about what you want to do, we should probably be thinking of different option if we can do this, if not we do that, things like that. Mr. Heiner. I would just like to follow up with respecting the candidates position as far as COVID as well. They may choose not to want to be around us being in a healthy position to take on the job. Anybody else. Mr. Thielman. Yeah. Everybody's wrestling with the same thing. What some organizations have done is after students have left the building. They, they arranged for candidates for leadership positions to have a social of some sort, a gym, coffee bagels, lots of distance, brief hello, that sort of thing. I don't know. I just run it by different people. It's, it's a, it's it would be nice to have because this is a big hire and Arlington has a history of having superintendent stay for a decade or more. So we got to think longer term. Anything else. Questions, comments, concerns. Mr. Cardin. So I also wanted to talk about the virtual site visit visits. And how do you envision doing those, that's something that you would do with Mr. Kutcher or, or what. That remains to be seen when we've done real site visits. We took a couple of, we put a couple of people in the car and actually did a site visit. In this case, it could be the, it could be me and Mr. Kutcher could be me and the members of the process committee. It would not want. Yeah, I mean, we'll have to figure that out, depending on what we feel we need to learn. When we hired Nate Levinson, we had four finalists and we only did two site visits to our top two candidates. So once we hear the candidates, then we'll decide what level of additional information we think we need going forward. If we are totally on board with one candidate over the other. There's really no reason for us to traipse around through their lives if we're more undecided that then certainly more discovery would be appropriate. It's possible to make a motion that we select one candidate or the other pending a site visit. And that's a possible motion that could be without generally that we hold that you know that we have the 24th, right, because we're not going to we're not going to make any moves until we do the 19th and the 20th. Right. And then the next conceivable time we could all get together because of town meeting is the 24th. We will come together on the 24th. We will see where we're at. Right. Knowing that we're going into the Thanksgiving holiday. And you know, we'll come together on the 24th and, you know, kind of, I mean, we're just going to have to take the pulse of where people are at at that point. Right. I think it's really hard to predict because four of us have never, you know, we've not met any of the candidates. Right. So, so I think, you know, it's hard to, it's hard to know but I think if we if we practice some defensive you know, we've got some time. Then it means that we don't, you know, we don't sort of get stymied in in decision or not being able to meet so we can't move forward. And, and then we kind of go from there I mean certainly. You know, we're looking to, you know, keep moving after Thanksgiving, obviously. But, you know, I think having the having those three gives us some structure. So we know, we know where we're at. Okay, I'm out by. Thank you. Yeah, I mean, I don't see I think in terms of, you know, queuing the community. I mean, who knows, right, but I, I'm not sure that on the 24th, we're going to be making a decision to hire somebody. But, you know, you know, I think, well, we'll see where we're at at that point. Right. So bring all of your ideas on the 12th for additional events, activities, etc. And I'm not involved in goals. Also, I would, I would encourage the chair to get some guidance from the superintendent and other people inside the district so they might they have a better feel for the building and so you're going to get I'd like to know what they think in terms of how could we possibly do this. There might be a solution. Yeah. I know that the public school administration has put together these kind of events when they were hiring principals so we should be able to follow that template for that part, plus adding an additional community meeting and the components we need so that by by MISC interacting. We can, I would urge everyone to call Glencoucher and have a conversation about what you're thinking about process going forward, just to touch base, because he is an integral part of this and we're paying him to make proposals to us we're brainstorming about what he's done this before, and he's been through a bunch of searches under COVID, and I'm sure he'd appreciate just having that casual Q&A is, is to what, what you're thinking so please call him.  Yeah, it's also on the website is email and phone numbers on the website so it's. Send it to us anyway, Paul. Yeah. Mr. Cardin. Yeah, I know I was just gonna, I mean, this is something I can ask Glenn about I do think we need to do some background checking before we have our interviews with them. Just to make sure there's nothing that we want to ask them about from the background so I'll ask Glenn how, how he typically does that. Great. Yeah. Okay. I think we're in a good place. Anybody else. I was just going to ask if the chair went entertain a motion to adjourn. I would get a second. I second the motion. Fantastic. Does anybody want to talk about it. You can't motion to adjourn is not debatable. Maybe. All right. All right, Ms. Exton. Yes. Mr. Cardin. Yes. Mr. Thielman. Yes. Sorry, Mr. Schlickman. Yes. Okay. Thank you very much. Thanks guys. Thank you. Nice job, Paul and team. Great job. Thank you.


Hey everyone Shaper 1000 here today. I'm gonna show you this camera I got for monkey and she got her 500 subscribers and of course, you know YouTube don't acknowledge anything So I just want to show her that I'm proud overnight. I bought her this It's the DJI Osmo Action 3 They do have a four out But this one is refurbished so I got it cheaper, but it does have a two-year warranty, so that's good so Let's talk about this for a minute cue the intro So now this thing has There's two mics up here there's one on the left one on the right and Then there's also a mic back here, and I'm not sure where it's at, but there is a mic back here, so but I got the protective cover on there for her and This is mine. I well, it's probably gonna be hers now, but anyway, so I wanted to get her something decent and She needed an action cam because she moves around so much, so I wanted to get her something nice She dropped her Her Sony action cam and it's blurry now It will focus when you're up close to something, but it's real blurry when you Like if you're say filming that truck or that boat or you know mailbox, whatever It's real blurry until you get up close. So anyway I'm gonna say this is not really a because I don't know a lot about this camera yet But I do know it does some cool stuff. It's got some cool functions so Also gave her a wireless mic That I have for my phone that works perfect on here So what I'm gonna do is we're just going to try some features out on this and check it out It's got like a time warp thing towards kind of like a fast speed. It's got Yeah, well, it's got slow motion, but it's also all time-lapse Every time I turn the camera on Anyway, so let's get some footage the next footage Well, the rest of the video will be from her camera And if she really likes it a lot, I think I'll get me one. So Like I said, I don't have the So there might be some wind noise on it because I don't have the wireless mic plugged into it right now But it'll plug it plugs in on the side there that little door comes off and You can plug your microphone into that, but anyway, like I said, it's not really a review. It's just kind of like You know just checking it out Just wanted to share that with you. So let's Excuse me. Let's move on to clips from her camera Okay guys, so This is pretty cool. You know, it's got two screens both on our touchscreen. This camera will also when you Like it's let's say it's turned off If you hit the record button, it'll automatically come on and start recording And if you and then when you hit the record button again, it'll shut itself off So that's a good feature. It's got a What is it? It's a Quick shot. So like on the side, you just flip the button. It's also the power button. Just click it once it'll change it to to camera mode for for Still images and then click it again, and it'll come up. You can change it back to Video so But let's see what it looks like here this thing also has Horizontal you can change your settings to horizontal and It'll stay, you know with the horizontal you can actually like turn it 360 degrees Haven't quite figured that out yet But let me see here All right, so let me play with this for a second and let's see what we can do with this Okay, so like I'm messing around the horizontal I'm steady and stuff like that You're supposed to be able to somehow you can set it and you can turn this thing 360 degrees And you're not supposed to be able to notice it like if your camera's tilted crooked It's supposed to set it. Now. I don't know if I got that set right or not, but you know Okay, so now I want to try some slow motion So let me shut you off here for a second and figure out the slow motion Okay, guys, so there you go Just kind of wanted to share that with you so Yeah, if she likes it, I think I'll get me one and Use for camping and stuff like I said, I don't know how much of the wind is picking up because you know There's two mics on front two mics on back So I'm sure it's picking up some wind, but yeah, it's pretty nice. So Hopefully she'll get a lot of use out of it and not drop it But anyway guys, thanks for watching. I appreciate it. Shea Bear the myth of mental legend gone for now We'll see you guys in the next one. Bye. Bye and take care


The awesome thing is there are so many drugs out there now approved for other cancers and drugs in development. So we just need to get our act together in terms of, again, sequencing, what is the makeup of the tumor, what makes the tumor tick, what drug or combination of drugs could help a particular patient, and then design a focused study. Because if you find that perfect combination, you don't need to do a hundred patient study. You may get an answer in 10 patients. And so I think the more understanding of the science, the drivers of glioblastoma, the better drugs that we make, the more opportunities to accelerate the cures for this disease. And I am really excited, I think for the next five years or so, that I think we're going to see a lot more progress happen faster than ever before.


Even though we live in an overall environment that was built on an old story, and even though we carry a lot of habits of that old story, we still also have glimmerings of what the world could be, glimmerings of a different system of meaning and value, a new normal that could manifest on this planet, but we don't have it yet, but we can create experiences of it that are kind of insulated from the normal world outside of ourselves, and we can immerse ourselves in those experiences, in those relationships, in those bubbles, even if they're temporary. And each of those experiences, so for some people it might be a transformational festival, for some people it might be doing some deep work with healing land or healing water. It could be, you know, some kind of relationship work, healing work, family constellation kind of stuff. I mean, there's so many of these modalities, and you enter into that sacred space, and a crystallization happens there. You have the experience and you know that this world that you've intuited the whole time is real, because you get an experience of it, and you know at that moment, yeah, I'm not crazy.  Then, having had that, you go back into the old story, into the old world, into reality, but it doesn't quite seem as real anymore, as it once did, because you've seen something else, and then you become a change agent for that, and there's no shortcut beyond that. I mean, no matter how powerful an experience you have at a festival, on psychedelics, in a healing setting, no matter how powerful it is, you know, on your meditation retreat, you go back.  It doesn't destroy the weeds in the collective consciousness, but maybe then you're more empowered to pull up those weeds. I'm probably using the wrong metaphor here, because, you know, we need to understand weeds as providing an important service, stabilizing the soil, etc., etc. So, okay, excuse that metaphor, but you know what I mean. So, we can create experiences in safe spaces, and it could just be in a certain conversation, where we can offer each other a few minutes of authentic connection, of really being heard without judgment, of compassion, and that kind of resets normal a little bit too. So, it doesn't have to be, you know, like these workshops and retreats and things like that, as we experience it more and more, then we become carriers of it, and it's almost like we can carry the vibration of it and transmit it to the other people that we touch.


All right, this is Jeff Chalon again. This is part two of assignment zero. This is the second screencast looking at how to get your environment set up and get to the point where you can build and run an OS 161 kernel. So okay, so at this point, we've finished initializing our development environment. So I have a vagrant virtual machine running here that I can use. I'm gonna get into that again and just verified that the tool chain is installed. Okay, we're all good. So the next thing, so now what we have is we have the tools that you need to build a kernel, but we don't have the kernel sources yet. So to do those, you need to clone our repository. This is not the view you would get if you were logged in. Let me sign out here, show you how it looks when I'm not signed in. All right, so here's the URL you're gonna use. This is publicly available. So anybody can clone this. And so now what I want to do is I want to clone this into that source directory that's been shared with the guest. I created this file last time. It's gonna get rid of it. And now I'm going to do a git clone and I'm gonna put that right here. That clones into my current directory and here I am. So this is nice. I'm in a, I've obtained the OS 161 sources. My working directory is clean. You'll see that the remote that I've established is set up to point to the GitLab. These are the public sources that are maintained by the ops-class.org staff. So one thing you'll do in a later step is actually set up Git so that you can use your own private repository to share changes with your partner. This repository you do not have permission to push to. However, you need to keep our repository around so that you can get changes that we might distribute in the future. So I'm not gonna set up my private repository yet. But what I will do is I'll rename origin to staff. And then I can run git remote-v, show me that I've renamed that to staff. So this will allow me to set up an origin repository later, an origin remote later that points to my private repository. So now I've got the sources. Now I'm in good shape. So just to point out, now I have two directories that I care about here in my virtual machine. I have a root directory which is already created for you. That root directory is currently empty. Maybe it's empty. Oh, look at that. We even put a sys162.conf file in there for you. It was so nice of us. Okay, so this root directory has my sys162.conf file in it and my source directory in the VM has my git repository just cloned. Okay, so let's get started here. So the first thing I need to do is configure, run the configuration script in the root of my OS 161 directory. So that's right here. You see that there's a configuration script and I'm going to run it. And the only thing that this, the only argument the script takes is you'll see there's this, there's a debug. This allows me to compile these little programs to debug info. There's no reason for that. You can read in the comment. The only thing I care about here is that this only really sets one useful option, which is where my OS tree goes. So you'll see that this is by default an OS 161 root in my home directory. That's not where I want it in the virtual machine. If you're developing on a machine and you've installed things in other places, you may want to put this somewhere else. But what we're going to put it is we're going to put it home root. And that's it. So all that did is create a def.make in my, in this directory. You'll see there it is. And that's finished. That's a very quick step. Okay, so let's keep going. And go ahead and actually configure a kernel. So to configure a kernel, the kernel has its own configuration script and a configuration directory. That's in here. You run the config script without any arguments. It'll basically tell you what to do. So you need to run the configuration script and give it a configuration file. So all the configuration files use the shared configuration in comp.kern. You're encouraged to look into this and see how it works. Essentially what this does is it tells the kernel what files should be included in your build. So this build includes a bunch of different files. You can look through this. It also allows you to set options and have those options ensure that certain files get included only when they're set. So you can see when the sync props option is set, which is something we use for assignment one, then there's a couple of extra files that are included in the kernel build. Those files are not included if that option is not set. All right, so you guys will become more comfortable with the syntax of this file later. For now, all we're trying to do is configure a kernel that has done VM enabled. So if I look around in this directory, I see that there are four configurations, done VM opt and generic and generic opt. So what I'm just going to do is configure a kernel with VM enabled, right? That's not that difficult. Now look at the output of this command. So it's normally a really useful thing to do. What did it do? It used configuration done VM, it generated some files, and then it set up a compile directory for me where I can compile the kernel with this configuration, okay? And that is in compile done VM. So if I go into compile done VM, you'll notice that this directory was created, didn't exist before, and that there's a bunch of stuff in here, right? Now, the last thing it says is remember to make dependent, and it really should be remember to be make dependent because that's the first step in building our kernel. So if you go back here, what I'm going to do, there are three steps here. The first step is to build the dependencies. The second step is to build the kernel, and the third step is to install the kernel. So to build the dependencies, I run this command, be make depend, that completed successfully. So now I'm going to actually build my kernel by running be make. And so before I do this, just let me show you what my root directory looks like right now. All it has is my sysfont61.conf file in it because I have an installed kernel in it. So now, when I install my kernel, it's going to my root directory, there's my kernel. So the way that the kernel is installed, it's a kernel dash, the configuration, and it sets up a sim link from kernel to that file. So when I run sysfont61.kernel, sysfont61.kernel, it's going to use the kernel that I just created. Okay. So now I have a kernel. I've created an operating system kernel that's based on the base OS161 sources that you were given. Now this kernel, there's a lot of things that don't work. There are some things that do work, but there's a lot of things that don't work that you guys will add in the future during the next assignment. So now your kernel, in order to run, your kernel does not run in your virtual. It does not control your virtual machine. That would be difficult to compile a kernel that was that complicated in an instructional class. So what we do is we provide a system simulator for you to use. It's called sysfont61. This is not something that you're expected to understand how it works or to modify the code, all the code is available, but this is how you run your kernel. So sysfont61, you can see here it gives you some usage information. It takes one mandatory argument, which is the kernel to run, the file run, anything. So you also want to note that any options that come before the kernel name are options to the simulator. Anything that comes afterwards are arguments that are passed to the kernel itself. Now the last thing is that sysfont61 requires a configuration file in the directory in which you run it. So if I move the sysfont61.conf file that we gave you away and run sysfont61, even if I run it and give it a kernel, it says it can open its configuration file because that file doesn't exist. So let's move that file back into here. Now what does sysfont61.conf file do? Again, there's a lot of comments in this file, like everything that David has distributed as part of sysfont61. There's a lot of information here about what's in here. But here are the parts that are uncommented at the end. And the real critical bits here is right here, this line. This is the line that you will change the most often and the line that has the most useful options. So what this does, so the sysfont61.conf file configures the virtual machine that your kernel runs. It configures this system simulator. So what this says is the system should use 512k of RAM and one CPU. And this is the default configuration that we provide in your vagrant virtual machine. The one that we provide online is actually different. I'll show you that one right now. So here's the sysfont61 configuration file that we provide that just downloaded into on my Mac. So I'm going to move that download into the virtual machine by moving into the share directory. And then I'll move that from source here. Oops. And then look at this, right? So this one is a little bit different. This actually configures a machine with 8 megabytes of RAM and one CPU. Okay. So let's go back into our root directory. Look around. Okay. So now we're very close to being all ready to go. So we have the sysfont61.conf file that the simulator will use and we have our kernel. So let's see what happens. Let's run sysfont61 kernel. All right. Check that out. So now you booted a kernel. What does it tell you when it boots? It tells you the base system version, which is 201. Sysfont61 tells you it's release code when this was compiled earlier, well, just a couple of weeks ago. A little copyright notice, prints off some things during boot. It tells me that there's 260k of physical memory available. You might wonder, well, what happened to the other half of it? I configured it with 512k. The other half is used by the kernel. So the kernel itself, the kernel code takes up some space and the kernel configures memory for certain things that it needs when it boots. But this is a pretty minimal memory configuration. It's about the smallest. It is the smallest, I think, that the system will run with. All right. So now we're at this menu. So this is a weird feature of your kernel. It's not like most kernels because it's an instructional kernel. It doesn't actually run user programs yet, but it does provide this menu that does other things. So that menu includes tests that you can run. Some of these things test the core parts of the system that should work. For example, the Kmalloc test. This tests your kernel allocator. This is the allocator that allocates small pieces of kernel memory. And this is something we provide for you. And it works.  So you're really encouraged to poke around here and try things out, see what works, what doesn't. Some of these tests will work. Some of these tests will not because they test things that you still need to build. So in particular, these synchronization tests over here, SY1 through SY5, are things that will not work until you finish a assignment. All right. So let's shut down. And let's play around in a little bit here just for fun, since we've got something to work and we're pretty proud of ourselves. Let's configure a system with eight megabytes of memory and eight CPUs. And let's see what happens when we run it. Oh, cool. Okay. So check this out. Now I have a lot more memory available. And this is interesting. This output is kind of strange. So before when I ran sys161, you'll see it printed off a nice thing, CPU 0 MIPS 161. This is weird. It looks kind of like the output of a bunch of different attempts to print CPU 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. So CPU 0 prints and then brings the other CPUs online. And because your locks don't work yet, all this output is interviewed. When you get your locks to work in assignment 2, all those CPUs will print sequentially and nicely. But now they're all sort of intermichled. All right. So we're going to shut down. You can see as we shut down that all the CPUs power off in sequence and we're done. All right. So now we've run our first kernel. This is pretty exciting. And I would encourage you to look at and try to answer some of these questions. And so for example, one of the things that the kernel will print out is how many times it was compiled, which is kind of interesting and maybe something that you'll find depressing in later assignments as you repeatedly try to get things to work. All right. So I'll leave these exercises to you guys. The last thing I just want to comment on is the workflow here. So normally when you're making changes to the kernel, you don't need to recompile from scratch every time. So let me show you an example of this. Let's change our kernel so that it prints out something new. This is not going to be here when it boots. All right. So let's print off let's make it print something funny. So why don't we say president and well, we should mess with Harvard College, right? Let's put something new here. All right. So let's say it prints off my system version. Okay. So now we can use get to show us that we've changed a file. I'm not going to check this in because this is going to change that I want to keep. But let's compile a kernel that has our change in it. Okay. I go back into the compilation directory I used before. And now I can start over. I can run be make dependent. I can run be make clean and be make and be make install. But if I run be make, the nice thing is that make is smart enough to figure out what to do. So you'll see that it only recompile one file main.c and then it rebuilt a kernel for me. So now if I run be make install and go back into my root directory, rerun my kernel, you'll see that it says my system version zero. It also points out that I've compiled it twice. All right. So now if things go start to go wrong, if you feel like there are changes that you made to your kernel that aren't being reflected in the kernel it's running, some things to check, some common mistakes, did you run be make install? Is the be make install going where you think it should go? So if I go into my root directory, I can see, for example, that this kernel was compiled just a minute ago. So that's the kernel I just compiled. You can also check the size of the kernel to make sure that that's being updated. In certain cases, if you've changed some of the header files or other things, you may actually need to reconfigure the kernel and rerun be make depend. If you've changed files that, if you've added files to your system and need to include them in the kernel, you need to reconfigure and you need to change the configuration in your configuration directory. So you'd have to actually change, need to change, add some things down here in a way that obeys the configuration file syntax. But normally your iteration loop is going to be changed something, run be make install, run like kernel, see if something works, does, check in my changes, and then keep going. But in general, if things aren't working, you can sort of back up here, try rerun in the dependencies, try making the dependencies, try reconfiguring your kernel. This step you should almost never have to do unless you've totally replaced your entire source directory, which you should hopefully not have to do. All right, so last thing really quickly is to just talk about how to build the user tools. So these are not things that you need yet because your kernel cannot run user programs and won't be able to finish assignment two. When you start assignment two, you'll want to make these and install them so you can use them for testing for assignment zero and assignment one are not required. But right now you'll notice that in the root directory, all that's here is my kernel, this is 161.conf and a couple of disk images that were created when I booted the kernel for the first time. All right, so now let's run, let's build the user space tools. Now one thing I would encourage is that be make will allow you to run jobs in parallel, right? So if I give be make eight, the date, the dash j eight, it'll run eight parallel makes and that can speed things up quite a bit. So you may want to do that by default. I would encourage you guys to set up shell aliases that allow you to run these commands without having to retype be make install that sort of thing. I'm sure you guys can figure out how to do that and that's pretty helpful. All right, so this is installing all of the user space tools. This takes a minute. Now, again, this is not part of the normal kernel build process. This is something that you should only have to do when you make changes to the user space tools. You are encouraged to create your own tests in user land when you get to assignment two and assignment three and use those to test things that the existing testing suite does not. And when you do that, you don't have to, you know, go through this build process. But if you don't do that, you should only have to do it once. Okay, so now I ran be make be make install in the root of my source directory. And you'll see if I go back over here to root, things look very different, right? So that build process install binaries in bin, it installed stuff in test bin, it installed man pages, which you can, which may not be useful. So this is all, this is all quite different. So this is what's happened is the result of building the user space tools. My kernel did not change, right? But all the user space tools are now here and can be used by your kernel once you get to assignment two and start to get that subtool. All right, so that's the end of the second screencast. The next thing we'll move on to is talking a little bit about how to poke around in your source directory. And then how do you use get in GD