which has to do with attention to obstructions here. So I think that's what I said about that. Just say, you know, so if I have, say, that is in an embedding, get the idea sheet, and then then there is a standard exact sequence, I don't know, there was five, I swear. And then a perfect, and then you could say that. And so perfect abstraction theory, so it's a complex of extra bundles, very short context of two extra bundles, such that we have a whole, with a homomorphism of two taxes in the same, let's say minus one. So that means the rules, such that two percents on homology, this is on one side, nice one is on the other side. Subject, let me see what that's called, H zero, five is the map from the coconut tree and H one, where they said that the dual of the kernel of the fiber-wise would be the obstruction space or the canonical obstruction space, the dual of the coconut here is the space of that. And so that means the map would be an isomorphism on tension spaces, and so this is injected on the structure of the map, injectively into a cage for the dual of this, okay. So, and the virtual dimension of that is then just equal to the length, and then if one has such a context as a virtual dimension, homology corresponding to the virtual dimension, and one can define invariant, right degree. Now let's look how this looks for the monolite space sheaths. Simplicity, I would just say two words, not much. So, for simplicity, we have the monolite space, section five, we can first say that the monolite space is a virtual dimension, section five, we can first say, so what's the tangent space corresponding to the sheath E, and what one finds is that this may be x, one. I can't say a few words about it, not too much. What's the tangent space, the monolite space, this would be the families over spectre Fs on, what Fs on square, which specialize at the close points to E. So, the vector bundle, we have an E over epsilon times K, we have an E over K, and it's an extension that we just had. So this shows that the tangent space in some sense should be x, one, E, but here we have the zeros and the trace B in the matrices. This comes from the fact that from the monolite space sheaths to the car variety, you have the trace map, and so you have the map which maps the sheath to its determinant, and the tangent map to that is the trace map, these endomorphisms, and so the kernels means you are looking in some set of fiber over the car variety, over the, where you fix the return class as a line bundle. Now in our particular case, so we have assumed that Q over S is zero, so we have in some sense in this way, indirectly fix the determinant, and the point is that, but anyway, so one has to be a bit careful but what one gets is this trace. And then a bit more work which told that the construction space would be x2, and in some sense it's also what always happens over there. You have the tangent space is a certain homology group and the construction space is one step up. So trace B, I mean, what trace B means for homomorphism, say a vector of analysis clear, what precisely means, I mean, can extend it to sheaths and then it's in the right kind of that to do it for the x group. And you can globalize this, we have that the dual of the obstruction theory because the obstruction theory is always something which is potential, but the intuition always comes from the tangent. The dual of the obstruction theory is, you know, if I want to, I was with projection, so this is the R, you know, minus one is the potential, it's the x1. So this is the right factor of the homo sheet. So this globally, and you can, so this basically just goes globally right. And so one can only, so this is it. And so then with this, we do have all, and you know, you can by Rivan-Roch, you can compute what the holomorphic order characteristics so what the alternate sum of the x i is, and this will give you the x zero, the trace free home from e to z is zero, x2. And so this is just the virtual dimension, it's just minus key of pi of e, e, zero, and that is given by the formula p. And I mean, we also recall that virtual tangent found zero minus. As I said, the conjecture was that the evaporated formula holds for, so the form of the character at the time, virtual or unknown, which is integral over the, I wanted to formulate, as I mentioned, the symptoms of logical invariant and algebraic variety is the, but it's also the causes, so it's not all that much information. So one refinement that one can keep up with, obviously it could be the better numbers, but this doesn't work the way here, but another refinement that can keep us there. I want to know what this average is, but I'll call it the option numbers, for more, okay. And it is, so by perhaps theory, we'll know some things about this, first, we know that they're symmetric, this actually is a position of the homology, so we have the, I think the number of x, which is the dimension of the i homogeneity, is equal to the sum of all four t, such that equals to the dozen follows, all in a number of i-genus in certain parts of the sum. So we take the sum q is this homology, so take the automated sum, all of them also say sum over all p minus y to the p. Then we can see that for that, this is actually given by the section numbers, you can, by Riemann-Roch, you can compute it in terms of the section numbers. Okay, so this is all, and that, and so it is certain, instead of just one number, you know, it's not much less than I mentioned, x. And incidentally, I think, so I can show that this i-genus is certain, one's utility properties, so that you can compute it by cutting your right pieces and reassembling that, I mean, I should completely teach it, and in fact, it is the finest invariant, which both is in that sense utility, and is equal to the most invariant, is expressed in terms of general numbers. And so this is the one we want to use it, and by what I said, obviously we have a tight minus one, with y equal to one in this, a tight minus one of x, is by this formula equal to the one I said, so now we look at the virtual savagings, but basically just by the same thing, we have the virtual e-forms, and if I look at the e-forms, that's obviously the only reasonable way is what would mean by that, for such a difference, and it's completely that this is minus one, with a j lambda i sensor, if you're alternating power of something negative, symmetric power, if you wish this would be a definition, you know, if you try to think how it's actually not much to go, whatever, it's the only definition, which we need to analyze and make a statement. And now again, one could show, and so now if I imagine is to put i minus one, m, see we have the virtual structure sheet, and we get set for the sum above the p, where the statement was that the virtual looks more like other times of some vector bundles on m, is just inside, so I have not made the statement. And now again, we can show that this formula actually holds, so it shows the difference, especially I write the one that we keep i minus one, this is equal to the virtual one I can see. This is the whole point of this virtual stuff, is that one wants to be able to work as if everything was smooth, but meaning in particular that one wants that the formulas that one had the same, that one has more interactive varieties, where we know in some of the cases one has to put here, and it's the same formula. And so this particular formula puts this one as a formula, which is the same as the standard gets put in a normal formula, so the virtual whole of the product stays vector bundled, is equal by the normal formula of the integral over the virtual fundamental part of the transfer of the virtual central, and the standard normal formula is the same without the wheels, which one would want to know what the multiple effect is of the vector bundle on the fact that right here, it's given by the integral over the fundamental part of the transfer of the virtual central. I expect you know what these things are, but as it is so fast, I can also use a vector bundle, as we had 10 classes from the other time, that can formally write them as a, so write formally, just write this as product, if it's one to one, on some sense, might be common classes somewhere, maybe not necessary on our variety, such that the turn classes are the geometric symmetric functions in the XI, and so basically the idea is whenever we write an expression in the XI, which is symmetric in the XI, and so, and then in terms of this, you can write the turn character, some symmetric expression in the XI, it's what we can express in terms of turn classes, and therefore we make sense of it, okay? And obviously, in the virtual setting, the key group, so different of two vector bundles, obviously the turn character of the difference of two vector bundles is the turn character of the XI, the turn character of the top genes of the difference between as a product, say for the portion of XI, and this makes sense, because if you look at this, of course you start to write it in this sense, in this formulation, which can formulate the fine version of the XI piece, so bigger than 0 to 0, and again, for this piece, soon XI is built into a non-device, then we have the formula for, in terms of model of forms, for now we have an extra variable, so we somehow have to upgrade our model of forms to something which has more variables, in this case, that's what we call a set of functions, so we write them in the standard set of functions, set of X, Y, which is the sum over all the integers, and X to the n squared Y to the n, and then it's the only such, and then we have to make again this model of a set of functions, and then C, S is the two times, eight of R, they can write down this big thing, I mean everybody can write down some complicated policies, which will be complicated, not yet, but it would, but then the thing is that this is the generated function, this model like this, so this is the, so okay, so this sets up a big time, or obviously the virtual one, one, all these very, all the last places, you want to do, you have one, that's one close to the question. So this is, very fine, so now I will later talk about the, how we want to try to check such a project, but for the moment, I want to, want to introduce also the R for written, modernized space, actual R for written invariance, the point is that these, all the numbers of the modernized space are only part of the numbers that are put by R for written, and they want to know what the meaning of the other numbers are on it. So the thing which describes all these numbers is this R for written modernized space, and I showed by one, introduced. So as I said, to give up with the formula, the R number, and so this was only, in the essence, Chanakai and Thomas gave the definition of R for written invariance, which was supposed to be the one step, and this is in terms of this, of the modernized space, which is the modernized space for X, X is zero, equal to zero, E, the portion of the machine S, and then, is an element of P where it's in the current line number, so that means P is a map, because the whole number is equal to E, to E, center, in the current line number, and I assume that the trace of the sum of the zero is also equal to six K. So, one to consider, one last basis for this, so we have to say what it means, is stable or semi-stable, and then, the stability condition is the same as for machine E, but we have to restrict, so this is something about sub-sheets, but we have to restrict the sub-sheets, which are invariant under P, so that comes, so we'll take the whole map with all our characteristics, the line number, divided by the rank of S, same thing. Now, normally, so if it was just for all sub-sheets, now it's there, we take all sub-sheets, which are invariant under the X-feet position, which just means that when the feed actually is contained, restriction, one can show that this is the monolid space of six Ks, a semi-stable, obviously, means that you have two sub-sheets equal to right half, and the third half is equal to that bunch of nodes, so that is, you know, this feed, the one possibility is that this home office is the zero, then the condition that P of F is contained, contained with F tens of Ks is the empty condition, so it means here all sub-sheets are allowed, that means if P is equal to zero, then the pair EP is stable, if and only if P is at the sheet, and here it follows that the monolid space is the number square of six Ks, so we have a monolid space that's contained. There's one thing, which it is obvious, if one thinks of it at the moment, that before we were very much insisting that our monolid space should be compact, because we want to integrate something over it, you know, you have the virtual fundamental class, we only have its compact and so on, and so now these monolid spaces are never compact, so it takes a non-zero T is an element of C star, and it is a point in the monolid space, so you can see you have kind of got all these, when you have some point, it contains the whole line, and so it cannot be compact. Now, in order to have some variance, so we still want, we eventually want to have some kind of virtual fundamental class, although it will be more complicated, and so for that we need an abstraction here, so I can say some words about that, so Tanaka Thomas, so assume, this is not let's say by monolid space, that it's not necessarily universal sheet, but let's just assume that it is universal sheet, so if it is a universal monolid space, so on S times 10, I can first globally say what the dual abstraction theory is, as I said the dual is what the abstraction theory corresponds to, what happens on the 10th level, which is the only one, you need to understand, whereas technically being able to work with it, you have to work with the abstraction theory, because the whole range of things are easier to work with than the 10th, even though the equation is always about the 10th, so this is the dual. So the abstraction theory, I can write down this thing, this is just that here, ahom, e, e, e, so this looks very similar, so it's the ahom, p, the red signature action, so it's the same, so we go over here, match the same thing, the map here, is just the map, which on the second factor applies p, here it's the identity, so to speak, on the e, so, okay, so explicitly, this means the following, we have so, if I look at this, we have so the 10th, so it's e, and inside we get something like x1, so the mapping corner is to take the sum of these two things, so here we have each one of the first, each zero, second, and the structure, so fiber-wise, the abstraction theory is given by this, the map like this, so much of notice that x2, e, e, 0 is dual, and this is the structure, and now here one has the, if I look at it, by side reality, this is the same as sum, e, s, dual of that, and by side reality, this is the same, to therefore see that the engine is dual to those structures. What? Let's go, I don't know what to do about it, but okay, is that better? So the 10th is dual to the abstraction, they just change their roles, so, and that's what it means, the set pool of structure, and so that, obviously again we can represent this by the complex of two vector models, which one needs for this, it follows the dimension of n, which is in this case the range, this will be 0, so we have an abstraction here, of dimension 0, so therefore, we should expect, which of the matrix are squashed, we should give them, now there is some, give us this section number, something which is not, we have decided to do the nonsense, but now one instead, unfortunately, we just did the solutions, I should say, there are actually two solutions, and there's actually a solution which seems to be the nicer one, which has the disadvantage that's wrong, and then there's a solution that we will use, rather than a kind of Thomas. So, one of the things is, if you have this set of abstraction theories, there's a way how you can, how you can kind of forget, two things in a different way, in terms of the so-called theorem function, so you kind of compute some kind of Euler number of space, where you weight the pieces according to some abstractive function, which you construct out of the abstraction theory, you can always do that, so you could just integrate over n, the sphere function, you could get some number, and you can do that, and you get some nice numbers, which are a little bit too simple, and you still have nothing to do with the predictions by the physicists, they are supposed to be the wrong numbers. Now, instead one can do something crazy, so instead we apply localization, so then so apply to n, and the fixed localization is localization form, localization is localization form, so if we have something which is compact, and it has a c-style, then there is a formula by which one can express intersection numbers on the fixed space in terms of intersection numbers of something else on the fixed load. Now, this thing is not compact, but the fixed load is compact, we just use the same formula as if our n was compact and declare this to be the integral over n, so we just formally apply this localization formula and say that's the answer. Usually, if you have a theorem which is true under some assumptions and then you decide to apply it when this assumption is don't hold, you will only get constants, for some reason. Now, I don't know how do we do with time, because I just used my time, now I would have to explain about the localization problem, so it can do next time or anyone can also just as a question. So now, I now have prepared to first review the localization formula and then do the virtual localization and then use it as a definition and it goes all very slow. Is that fine or do you want it with less detail? I mean, maybe go as I did, but anyway, that's the next slide. Okay. Are there any questions? I have a question, I'm not sure if this works in the hybrid format or not. Ah, oh. Okay, so brief question, maybe it's not so important, but do you allow for strict semi-stability in this whole discussion, so you allow your modular space to contain strictly semi-stable sheeps and in this case, Higgs pairs. Also when there are strictly semi-stable sheeps, you have to be more careful with the definition, it's done in terms of something which is called choice song pairs, you can define everything and compute everything in all the formulas that are non-restricted. Okay. All right, so basically it's you do, so in, yeah, it's okay in your discussion, you don't make any restrictions. Just. Whenever I explain something, I will, you know, you always assume stable is equal to semi-stable or whatever, but in fact, they are non-restricted. Okay, thanks. Thank you. I have one more question. Yeah, okay. So if we started with one of our curves, there is, I think there is an open embedding from a collision model of the models of curves through the big modern space of Higgs pairs. Hi, hi, hi. So are there any similar questions?  No, on model life spaces of curves, you have the thing is here, we just take this thing, tensor ks. So in order to have, so another thing would be if you take this thing, tensor, all alternating, tensor omega s, all alternating power, so then you get some kind of things. So then I think the potential bundle will lie there, but like this, it doesn't, you know, go back again. Somebody does this.


So, open out. Mother Goose, open out. It's kind of chilly. It's between chilly and warm. Best Christmas present ever. Walkie-talkies, uh-oh, watch out. We could probably use it from our house to the park. That's amazing. That's amazing. Dry, dry winter thus far in Colorado. We have had zero snow in over a month. So anyway, I gotta water some plants. Supposedly it might snow tonight, but we'll just have to see. Alright, racing coming up. Racing topic coming right up. Gotta get these plants watered. Come on. You guys are the best. Alright, guess what? I am making a vlog about racing in 2019. And I'm looking to collect my racing medals from 2018. Where are they? Do you guys know where they're at? I just need to see them. The boys are the safe keepers of my medals. And I believe they're hanging somewhere here. Thank you, Joseph. Thank you, buddy. I appreciate that. Alright, we've got lots of medals. Alright, we're gonna talk about this. Review 2018 and talk about 2019. What's that? No, I gotta take these out here.   And so my racing bibs are kind of in my medals are kind of strewn all over the place. So I'm slowly getting organized. It just takes time to make a daily video and then also balance that with keeping everything else in life organized. So my racing bibs, you know, I like to keep them actually even more so than my finisher medals because on the racing bibs on the back, and this is if there's a lot of new subscribers since I gave this tip of the day last time, I love to write on the back of my racing bibs the distance that I raced, the time that I ran, the location and the date. It's invaluable information for down the road when you're looking back and reflecting on your racing career and your racing schedule. So here's my numbers. I'm pulling them back out of the elements. Oh my goodness. We got it. So here we go. Bringing them in the shade. Incredible, ladies and gentlemen. Here they are. All of my bib numbers from 2018. I just counted them up. We have 12. 12 bib numbers. So I raced 12 times. I just double checked on Strava as well just to make sure I wasn't missing any of the bib numbers and it's been an amazing journey. Lake Sonoma, the dirty 30, which I'm going to talk about that race in a second. The GoPro games against Joe Gray. Oh Joe, Joe's giving me a, he put me in second place three times this year. Crazy, crazy. Let's see, what else? Oh, the victory, the victory this year. Speed Goat. Let's see, what else? The back country. And yes, of course, a 5K. In fact, I ran a couple 5Ks. So bottom line, it's been an incredible year of racing in 2018. Now I cannot go back through all 12 races, but I will look at four of the races with you. You've already seen footage from this 50K race. It's called the dirty 30, 50K here in Colorado. There's about 6,000 feet of climbing, I believe, vertical gain. So it's a serious race. On, you know, tough trails at times, it was a great race. I was in second place for the second half of the race and then two guys caught me the last mile and a half. But then this happened the last 100 meters. We have it crashed and burned the last 10 meters. Oh man, we were digging and fighting and then boom, down I go, bloody. But that's like the spirit of competition, kind of at its finest. Like, what are the change? I mean, I never sprinted like that at the end of a 5K in high school or a 10K in college. And so to go like monomy mono battling with that gentleman after 30 plus miles. Like, we were dead sprints. Like, that was all the speed I had after. It was insane. So fun. So fun to compete. Okay, next race. Another 50K, this time at Copper Mountain, a ski resort here in Colorado. This is the race where the first and second place runners took a wrong turn and actually ended up cutting the course. And not intentionally, but I ended up winning. So this was the victory for the year. It was, and that was one of my goals, as you know, in 2018 was to win a race. So boom, this is a special big number because it was my first kind of victory in a long, long time. So, good race. Oh baby, oh man. At the 1000th vlog, you saw footage from the Run Rabbit Run 100-mile race. I attempted to, yes, race 100 miles this year. It got pretty raw and real. And you saw the tears a couple days ago. Like, I was definitely battling a lot of different situations in that race. The plantar fasciitis, a lack of intake of salt. And so I was, I don't think my body was absorbing enough water. It was in the mid-80s, so it was very hot. And it was rough, it was very rough. I'm keeping the bib number as a reminder as to how hard it actually was. And as a reminder to, yes, not race 800 miles in 2019. Okay, I'm going to set this guy down. We're going to come back to the, in the last race I want to reflect upon, a 5K race. I went from a 100 mile race to a 5K race. Just curious what I was capable of doing at shorter distances with higher speeds. 1548. Not too shabby. First 5K in 10 years, I had basically done no speed training leading up to this race. Like, truly. It was all mountain running and tempo runs. So that was it. Maybe I had done my one fart lick. But it was hill work and tempo runs and, yes, long runs. Alright? Absolutely amazing that we're already wrapping up 2018 and it feels like I was just rolling out the paper yesterday on my kitchen table planning out the 2018 racing schedule. But no, it's done. It's in the books. I can't go back now. We can only look to the future, right?  That's amazing. I'm not registered yet. Probably tonight. And over the next couple days, I will be registering. I'll be making the commitment to my racing and, yes, training schedule for the next year. It's exciting. So, first tip for planning out your racing schedule. And you probably, many of you probably already do this naturally. It's pretty basic, but it's a good reminder know your why. Know your why. Why are you racing this particular race? Maybe it's to challenge yourself to go from a 10k to a half marathon. Maybe it's to inspire yourself to lose a little weight. I like to get a little more fit, a little more lean. Maybe it's to raise money for a charity. Maybe it's to complete your first marathon. Right here. Right here. That's me. Maybe it's to see a new place of the world that has a beautiful marathon distance race or an ultra race and you're going to travel, you know, around the world to this location to experience a new culture. So, tip number one know your why. And it's just, it's really important to have a really solid why behind yes, almost all of your races.  Like that's fine too. But for some of the bigger races, and we're going to talk about this in a second, but for some of your bigger races, having a why is so important. Point number two for planning out your racing schedule. Know your strengths. All right. Know your strengths. I attempted to run 100 miles this year. Didn't go so well. Didn't go so well. Then, six weeks later, I jump in a 5k and I ran 1548. One minute basically one minute off my full time PR with no speed training. What does that tell me? The 100 mile distance is not my strength as a 33 year old. Guess what? I plan to do another 100 mile in my life, but honestly, I'm okay if it's when I'm 43. I'm, I absolutely, like I will most likely wait till my forties to attempt to run another 100 miles. I don't have the strength right now. Probably don't have the aerobic development right now. It's just not my strength when I can still run a sub 16 minute 5k. So what does this tell me? Knowing my strengths? The marathon. I like 100 miles too long 5k, you know too short. I'm going to go down the middle of the road and explore the marathon distance in 2019. So that's tip number two. Know your strengths. What are you good at? So many of you commented about your strengths through the racing that you do, and it's just inspiring. So that's point number two. Know your strengths. All right. Point number three and four, they actually go to, they dovetail together. They feed off of each other. Okay. Point number three, peak races. Point number four, training blocks. All right. What do I mean by peak races? It's pretty much exactly what it sounds like. You cannot peak for a race every month. That's not how the aerobic development happens as a runner. You have to have, this is point four, training blocks that are extended way beyond four weeks. And it's, I kind of laugh a little bit when I see like people advertising training schedules or training blocks for a marathon in like six weeks. And I'm like, ah that's like not really a training block like in my mind, this is how I approach training blocks three to four months. Three to four months. Like you really need that time to develop your aerobic system.  Now, I've mentioned in the past that I believe you can have three definitely no more than four I like to lean toward two or three peak races in an entire calendar year. That's not very many and listen, I raced 12 times in 2018, but and that was probably a little too much just so you know, in 2019, I'm going to rein it in a little bit and I'm going to really focus on two races. I'm going to mention them here in a minute. So anyway, that's my thought process, how I plan out my racing schedule. Two, three, definitely no more than four peak races in an entire year.    Maybe it's a marathon. Maybe it's a half marathon. Maybe who knows? Maybe it's beyond a marathon.  That's fine too. And you know, maybe it's like the Fifth Avenue Mile. I don't know. So and then, of course, and we're going to talk about this in another vlog, like how to develop a training block that makes sense for different distances. Anyway, I digress three and four number three peak races number four training blocks. Those two feet off of each other. And last but not least, perhaps the most important point or tip that you should remember the fifth one. Guys, this is, I failed. I failed last year when I was developing my racing schedule. I did not do enough research research. The Speed Goat 50 K out in Utah put on by Carl Metzler. He's the race director. Carl is his nickname is Speed Goat. Actually the Hoka Speed Goat is named after him. Just so you know, he's crazy. He's one more hundred mile races than anyone in history. He set the Appalachian Trail speed record like three years ago. It's already been broken, but he's a beast and he's not afraid to make people hurt and to bring pain into people's lives. I did not do enough research into this race. It kicked my behind. 12,000 feet of vertical gain and somebody actually commented yesterday like they can't wait to see me race against Sage Canada and I hope I'm saying his last name right. Sage is a beast. He's a great runner and I actually did race him at this race. He was in first place basically the whole way. He ended up in second. I was in fifth place up until actually I was in third place at mile 20. I was in third place and then oh did I fade? Hard. So hard. So I have raced Sage and it was fun. He's a beast. But I'll race him again someday. Bottom line I did not do enough research on this race. Guys, I don't think I'll ever go back.  I I'm not going back. I'm not do not let me go back YouTube. Do not let me go back. So that is my fifth point. Research take a little more time and that's what I'm actually doing tonight and a little bit more tomorrow in the next day. Alright and onward to the 2019 racing goals and schedule. I have it written down here. I'm just glancing at my phone here ladies and gentlemen. I need your help. I'm looking for a half marathon at sea level on a flat course in late March, early April. Denver is 5,280 feet above sea level so all of the times are slower up here at elevation. I'm looking to go fast and I'd like it to be now this is not going to be a peak race but I do it will be the end of my first training block and basically a gauge for my first peak race in June at the grand mas marathon. Now I'm hoping I'm not registered yet for grand mas I'm waiting to hear back from the race director to see if I can get into the elite field because I want to race fast I want to go fast like this is going to be this is going to be the big time for me as a 33 year old and as many of you know marathon runners usually peak between 30 and 34 years of age like that's the sweet spot for a marathon so that's going to be my first peak race of the year is the grand mas marathon in June and then I'm not listing all of the races my second peak race of the year will be the pikes peak ascent where yes I took third place two years ago behind yes Joe Gray took first and then I believe the gentleman from Japan took second I was third that race ladies and gentlemen is going to be a doozy is good in fact if you were if you like I would love to meet many of you at that race if you're local like anyway it's the pikes peak ascent I believe it's August 24th or fifth this year so that'll be my second peak race and potentially my last peak race of the year depending on how grand mas goes in June I may run one more fall marathon next like next fall 2019 we'll just see how grand mas goes in June alright so that is my preliminary racing schedule I'm still researching discerning knowing my strengths knowing my why and trying to remember everything that happened in 2018 to make sure that I don't make the same mistakes was run rabbit run a mistake in the big picture of life no as far as playing to my strengths I would say yes I'm not afraid to call it a slightly a slight mistake but it's a good learning lesson right life is about all about learning lessons and so and yes of course the key word of the day is races in the question of the day is two parts but it's critical because it could impact the next 365 days of running for you part one what is one or two maybe three peak races that you already have chosen for 2019 and if you haven't chosen yours yet like I haven't registered yet but I have an idea of what I want to do but what are your peak races for 2019 and part two what is one tip or point that you want to share with everybody for developing a great and effective and a smart racing schedule for the new year alright like what point like I had five points I hope they they helped you a little bit but I know I know for a fact you guys have a lot of good ideas for developing a sound racing schedule sound good sound good thank you for commenting thanks for hitting that keyword and I love you thanks for being here we're just on Christmas break I am going to the gym tomorrow it's exciting to begin to develop develop that foundation for yes the racing the peak races in June and August it's it begins now basically it begins now so seek beauty work hard tomorrow


Aloha! It's September 1, 2021. It's Wednesday. It's 11 o'clock. That can mean only one thing. Time for What Now, America? I'm Tim Apachele, your host, and today's title is 20-Year Afghanistan War Over, but it's not. You know, it was August 31, 2021. We saw the last flight, leave Kabul Airport, and that marked the end of the 20-year war that United States was involved with, not just the United States. We had coalition forces. This war encompassed many, many, many nations, not just the United States. It all began October 2001 called Enduring Freedom. But you know, fast forward 20 years, and we have 2,469 US troops lives lost. Over 19,000 American soldiers wounded, some of them permanently. Mentally, we had over 71,000 Afghan citizens killed. We have scores more wounded. We had over 177 Afghan national military and police killed. And at the end of 20 years, you have to say, what did we get out of this? What did we learn? And hopefully this nation and other nations, they're going to take a moment to reflect, that reflection point to say, what were we doing there? What was the mission? And how did we create the mission, create off the initial mission? What was the original mission?  That was it. Like Vietnam, it's going to take months. And hopefully, you know, we have COVID. We have the voting rights. We have global warming to contend with. And we need that time to still have a point of reflection to say, what was it worth? Did we accomplish what we wanted to? And if we didn't, how are we going to learn from this? How are we going to learn from our mistakes? And with that, I go to my guests. Today, we have Jay Fidel and Winston Welch. Welcome. Jay, you can't help but draw parallels on one, how we got into this war, like we did with Vietnam, how we had a very clear mission. But then over time, the mission crept. They, you know, it got foggy.  What parallels do you see between the 20 years war in Afghanistan compared to Vietnam? A lot, a lot of parallels. I mean, they're not exactly the same, but largely they're the same. And it makes you think that, you know, since World War II, as the United States won a war, we didn't, we didn't win Korea. Maybe we won Haiti, you know, but we haven't really won a war. We haven't won a war in the Middle East for sure. And this was an example of, you know, what did Santayana say, you know, he who ignores history is doomed to repeat it. And I don't think they teach history enough at West Point and Annapolis. I think, I think we, you know, we played the same tune in Afghanistan that we played in Vietnam. We, we lied to the public. We had no clear mission and we failed. And as time went on, it was more and more clear that we failed and then we could not gracefully extract ourselves. Bottom line is our military, our military initiatives really haven't improved since Vietnam. And Afghanistan was a good example of that. And I guess you could, you know, you could blame it on whatever president, whatever presidents were in office at the time. But it's really a military question. It's a political question. And it's a public question. You know, the U.S. always has this recalcitrant isolation, isolationist default. And they, you know, they played in that played in both, both wars. We could have, then should have done a better job, both in Vietnam and in Afghanistan. And I think at the end of the day, we just threw money at it. And, and we lost it. And we lost so many lives, 50, 50 some odd thousand lives in Vietnam. So, you know, it's hard to argue with Joe Biden when he wants to get out. He said, it's a good policy decision. But there are problems that will follow.  And they built it, they built the country. You got to give them credit. They built the country. And now things are pretty sweet. It's still communist, but it's sweeter by far than people expected. And query whether, you know, that is going to happen in Afghanistan. And the problem in Afghanistan, we should talk about it sometime in this show, is the geopolitical forces that, you know, could come from other nations who do not wish the United States well. So Russia is a factor. Iran is a factor. You know, other nations that would give them nuclear weapons and weapons of all kinds. Those are factors. And those guys would love to see nothing more, you know, than rogue nation emerge in Afghanistan. And so really the question looking forward is whether we're going to have a rogue nation or a responsible nation. And the chances are it'll be rogue, not necessarily because that will be in its best interest, but because there'll be forces applied to Afghanistan now from other rogue nations that will encourage it. So the more we turn our backs on it, the more we refuse to give them their funding, the more we don't help them and criticize them and call them names. The more likely it is that other rogue nations will make them a rogue nation. I don't know if that answers your question, but I think- Well, let me draw up a parallel. Parallels are clear. Yeah. Well, there's many of them. And if we fail to recognize them, we're doomed to repeat them. I mean, Vietnam, we had Daniel Ellsberg, you know, release the Pentagon Papers. Clearly, in the Pentagon Papers, it reflected that General Westmoreland and Robert McNamara was Secretary of Defense were basically covering up the fact that we are losing the war. They hid numbers. They said everything's going well. You know, they lied to Congress. And what do we have now? We have the Afghanistan Papers, where we have Petraeus putting on a spin that really wasn't there. And so how do we avoid, once we're embroiled in the fog of war, how do we keep it from the generals from putting a happy face on it? And maybe it's political. Maybe the presidents that serve at that time say, I don't want to hear any bad news. So they don't want to give any bad news. How do we avoid that being enmeshed with public relations on how the war is really going versus how they want to be perceived how it's going? Well, they have to be honest. I think Biden is basically honest. But you can't guarantee that in a president. And you can't guarantee that in the chiefs of staff. They are inclined to tell them what he wants to hear. But you know, all of this, you have to wrap around the notion that the people, you know, the public, they don't want to be disappointed. They want to have good news. And the press wants to give them good news. But the press loves raw meat. The press was so quick to criticize Biden about the evacuation. You know, it's almost as, oh, let's go back to the good old days with Trump. It was incredible the way they attacked him. And I say to myself, you know, if the press is going to do that, then it encourages lying, doesn't it? We all have to be honest. And the press has to be honest. And the press cannot go for raw meat all the time. Because if you do that, then you actually encourage lying. And I think that happened in Vietnam. And it certainly happened here in Afghanistan. So we all have to develop a more sophisticated view of these things. It's not just the president. It's not just the chief of staff. It's everybody. It's the public needs to be better informed in general about how this kind of thing works. And the press has to be more, I don't know, the right word for this. Winston will have the right word. The press has to be more tolerant, conciliatory, understanding, instead of looking to criticize somebody. And of course, you know, one of the factors about criticism is that we have a divided nation, and we really can't help that right now. And the Republicans are going to take every opportunity to criticize Biden about everything. You know, McCarthy gets up there and socks him with public criticism. Would you expect anything else? I would faint if he said, oh, Joe Biden did a good job. I would faint right on the floor. Because the Republicans are going to take every opportunity. So we as a nation, really, if we're going to handle this going forward, if we're going to be an effective world policeman or whatever we want to be, we have to be together about it. We can't be fighting with ourselves all the time. Good point. Hey, Winston, do you draw parallels that what we've experienced in the last 20 years in Afghanistan, do you draw parallels to what we experienced for our 13, 14 years in Vietnam? You know, Vietnam is, I think, most Americans in history, like World War II, is quickly fading into the past where folks of a certain age, I think if you asked most kids under 25 or 30 if they even knew that America was fighting in Afghanistan today, or if you, I mean, it's a reality that you, if you asked them who we were fighting in World War II, sizable numbers don't know who the difference between the Axis and the Allied powers are. You know, the Korea, Vietnam, these, you know, you mentioned about which border we went to. I think, you know, we won that one pretty well in the Reagan era. The reality is war is not what it used to be in the olden days. The reason why we went in Afghanistan and the reason why we stayed very complex, Joe Biden, I think, is doing, you know, what he can, which is the will of the people saying we don't need to be in this country anymore. We cannot win this war or whatever you call it. Can I interrupt you for a moment, Winston? Absolutely. You know, we've all been using the word war. You've used it. Tim has used it. I've used it. And the press has certainly used it. But war? What is war? You know, we went in there in order to deal with the al-Qaeda. And okay, that was effective, at least for the first year. But war? We haven't made war on them. They've made war on us with their explosive devices and ambushing our troops. We never went after them nearly so much as they went after us. So I'm not even sure I call this a war. It's something else, but it's not a war in the conventional sense. It's not a war in the conventional sense, but whatever it is, it's people shooting at each other, killing, being maimed, and dying. And so whatever we call it or don't call it, I think Americans overwhelmingly did support the withdrawal of American troops from this region, realizing that it's a quagmire that would never be solved. It's the, you know, the graveyard of empires. And I would disagree, though, with your premise that they want a rogue state there. I don't think that's in anyone's interest. It's not in Pakistan's interest, China's interest, Iran's interest. You know, it may be, it seems like North Korea is a bit of an interesting foil for the Chinese to have as a sort of a bargaining chip. And on some level, why else would they tolerate it there? But I don't think that's going to be the case. So we'll see that in Afghanistan. However, what's the solution? No large power has been able to go in there and subjugate these very different groups of tribes and ethnic divisions inside of this country that we call Afghanistan. But in fact, it's many different nations inside of this country. And I think that it will be interesting to see you mentioned about Vietnam coming along 20 years from now. If you were to go into Saigon or Hanoi, you would be surprised at obviously the level of what we would see as just corporate capitalism there as they produce immense quantities of things that the world wants to buy. So it may have a single political party, but I don't know that we're going to be able to expect that from Afghanistan. But let's see what 20 years of having some sort of Western presence that we had in Afghanistan brings about. However, I wouldn't remain that optimistic. Look, when was the revolution in Iran, 1978, 79, something like that? Most of the young people in that country as well don't remember a time when the Shah was there. This is a young nation. We're going to see the same thing in Afghanistan that 20 years from now, 30 years from now, the kids won't have a memory of that. But all of them will have a cell phone guarantee you in the smallest village. They will have to change because they'll realize if we don't, we will have failed our people. You're seeing this even in Cuba. So the world's going to change as it changes. As we bring back our troops, it's going to be easy to, with the 2020s, look back and say, oh, you should have done this, that and the other. And absolutely, is there room for criticism on the way that this happened? Should they have seen that the government, that the military there would have fallen so instantly? Probably. It's one scenario, but we've had spectacular intelligence failures in the past. And I think probably leading up to 911 and from then on. But we've had amazing intelligence that tells us things that 99% of it we don't hear about, that are victories that are wins that are that are watching things from the sky and and on the Internet and other places and human intelligence. So we don't know about those things and we don't hear about those things. However, let me ask you this. We're not done with Afghanistan, although we saw the last plane fly out. We still have one to 200 Americans and we have countless of Afghan allies that didn't get out. So the question is, to what degree do we work with the Taliban and incentivize them or whatever arrangements we have? Now, clearly they were helping, believe it or not, they were helping Americans get to the checkpoints, get to the airport, to the point where some of the news services were reporting they were carrying their luggage for them. To what degree do we engage with the Taliban, our enemy today, but potential partner tomorrow to combat ISIS-K and other groups. There's so many, as you said, there's so many tribes here that you don't know who's against who on what particular day the Mujahideen has sworn that the Taliban is their enemy and they will begin to take action against the Taliban. Does the Taliban become now our on the ground ally? It should. Because that avoids the risk of it going rogue. It avoids the risk of atrocities and war crimes, or at least it minimizes it. It makes them a responsible member of the community of nations. They're not organized. There's this guy, Barasata, who seems to be emerging and he seems to be civilized, although he talks about the Shia law, which is a dangerous thing for any country. My feeling is that it's in the United States best interest to deal with them, not only to get the 100 Americans out and other people out, but to make them a responsible, accountable member of society, of the global society. I think there's a possibility there, because they really do want to rule the place. They don't know how. They need to be left to their most civilized inclinations and do that. They could be very successful the way Vietnam has been. Take a while. Let me interject something here. Why couldn't that have been done 20 years ago, 19 years ago, before the invasion, to try to work with a tribal group and avoid all the death and mayhem that's transpired in 20 years? Why can't diplomacy, those efforts take place before war is declared? Well, we weren't smart. We weren't smart. We considered them adversaries and we weren't going to give them a break about anything. They were our enemy and nobody was going to make an effort to be conciliatory with them. I don't think there was any conciliation, but there could be now. The problem is a political problem, because the Republicans will criticize that. I think a lot of people in the military will criticize that and they like it or not, they have a voice in politics. The GOP in general, the right side of things, will criticize that. Biden will have a political problem if he tries to sidle up to them and make deals with them. On the other hand, he's the president. He can do it. My advice to him would be to start early and to develop diplomatic connections with them to show them the way to being responsible leaders, to cooperate with them. In that way, they won't become colonies of China or Russia or Iran. We want them to have a viable government and hopefully we can help them better from the outside than from the inside in a warlike fashion. Much better to try diplomacy. I'm happy that they established a temporary diplomatic agency in Doha. I'm happy that there's at least some connection going on. I'm happy that Burns of the National Security was in our CIA went in there and talked to Barasota. There are already connections here. Biden has to play it carefully. Tony Blinken has to play it carefully. But that is the mission now and we should be much smarter now than we were before. Winston, do you agree with Jay's position that it is a wise decision to try to work with the Taliban and have them as an uneasy ally but an ally nevertheless? I don't know about ally, but at least not adversary. I think we've already seen this. As Jay said, they're carrying luggage. Thank you very much. Get out of our country. We'll help you load the plane. Now, it's not been that smooth or easy or simple. Essentially, these peace negotiations or withdrawal negotiations, whatever you want to call them that started in the Trump years, Qatar was a big facilitator of those. If you're coming from a mud shack where you have to worry about being bombed all the time and you get to go stay at the higher regency in Doha and have all the beautiful luxuries that that society is able to provide its citizens, I think any normal person would say, I would like this from my country too. This can be achieved with peace and with development and with cooperation with the rest of the world. It helps the Qatar sitting on a ton of oil too, but the idea is that 98 nations came together and made an arrangement to facilitate getting out people that still need to be gotten out. That's a huge coalition right there of people and that the Taliban were willing to deal with. This was a negotiated withdrawal. Was it done perfectly? No. Was it done well? No, but we're still going to see a lot of movement out of the country, dribs and drabs. You're going to have the diaspora of Afghanis around the world who are then going to contribute back into the society. Maybe similar and that might be the parallel J is as they have gone abroad then they will continue their relations inside of the country and rebuild from overseas with new ideas, with new technologies, with connections from overseas so that they can build up their country into something that resembles where Vietnam is today. That would be the hope that we have and of course we have to engage with them if we're to hold up our best vision and values for the world as well. The dark side of that is that if we don't, if we turn our backs on them, if we continue and our isolationist approach to things, we won't have the benefit of any of that and they will be dangerous to us. Russia and China have already recognized them as a valid holder of the government of Afghanistan. That's on the surface. You can imagine what's going on under the surface. It's a race to see who can be more conciliatory with them right now. We should not lose the opportunity. Okay, we got a question from a viewer here and we appreciate every question we get. And this one is through you Winston. Do you think the private sector soldiers should start missions to extract people stuck in Afghanistan and what sort of problems could those contractors create? Oh, I don't know. There's movies on Netflix that show stuff like that. However, we get out our allies and our friends that have been there that are trapped and that are facing really bad fates. We need to do all we can to bring them out, whether it's negotiations with the Taliban, whether it's cash payments, whatever it is that it is to take them out or organize caravans. And it seems like the Taliban has a couple choices here. If I were starting a nation afresh, well, do you want an entire brain drain of people that have connections with the external community of the world?  So they're facing that question. And I think they're probably going to let the people go to a certain point. And that's going to be easier for them rather than facing constant internal division. They're going to have enough of that, like you said, with the Mujahideen and others in their country. But they may also say, no, we need all of you to stay here in this society. But I have a feeling like they're just going to say, let the folks go. And they have been letting them go until now. I don't know what's going to happen in the next week. And I would hope that all of the marginalized people that would be victims of this, the worst victims of this regime. And obviously, you can't depopulate half the nation of all the women that are going to be suffering here. But there's a lot of other groups that really need to be taken out, the translators, the helpers for Americans, any LGBTQ folks, if they can't even be recognized. I don't know how we even undertake some of these things, any other religious minorities and whatnot. So we've got even that they left the dogs behind. I read in one of them for the military dogs. So, you know, you've got a lot of cleanup to do and it's not going to happen right now. We're just going to have to see how the scene unfolds. And that's it. But there is $1.2 trillion in a Federal Reserve Bank in the United States with Afghan's name on it. And I'm sure that has some influence. So we'll see how that how that plays out. Hey, Jay, we got a second question here. And that is, what have made a difference if Donald Trump had not let out the prisoners of all these soldiers that basically has taken 20 years to round up? They were let go is, yeah, we did a so back in March of 2020, talking about how they're probably have been released before the ink was even dried on the, you know, the agreement between the Taliban. Donald Trump was completely incompetent in a commander in chief things in handling the Joint Chiefs and certainly in diplomatic relations. In fact, I would say it's worse than incompetent. What is worse than incompetent?  So I don't give him credit for anything. On the other hand, to answer this question, I'm not sure it would have made a big difference because if the country was going to collapse anyway, they would get out. It was just a matter of time. They would get out. They would be out now, for sure. Maybe the there's an inference there that maybe other than Taliban released, maybe there was ISIS involved in those prisons as well. I don't know. Maybe so. I'm not sure. I'm not sure that's true. I think mostly we were looking for Taliban and we put Taliban in jail. ISIS, it's very interesting that you mentioned ISIS because the only real violence in the past two weeks has been by ISIS. And arguably, the Taliban can't control ISIS. They're their own crazy people. And it was not the Taliban that did that violence. It was not the Taliban that blew up anybody. And you have to make that separate. I thought a lot of criticism that Biden got was because of that terrorism. But that wasn't the Taliban. Furthermore, I don't know if you guys remember, but there was something about how the Biden administration had cut a deal to extend the August 31 date in order to permit more people to come out. But the Biden administration decided that they didn't believe it. They didn't believe it. They weren't going to accept that deal, even though they made the deal. And they brought them out by August 31. As a matter of fact, by August 30, which I thought was interesting, they beat their own deadline. That was really very cautious on the part of the Joint Chiefs. And I think what you have here is an inflexibility, perhaps. They were paranoid, not necessarily because of the lives involved, but because of the public reaction and the GOP criticism. So I'm not sure the Taliban is all as bad as we think. With that 1.2 billion, did you say? Trillion, trillion. Right, trillion. That is a big bargaining chip. They don't have to let it all out, but they could certainly, as Winston suggested, like it let a little of it out and buy some peace and quiet, buy some further evacuation. I think that's obvious and easy. In fact, I think that's what's going to happen. And I think that's part of the right approach, because money does talk in this context. Yeah. We're almost out of time, but Winston, does the Taliban even survive as ruling the government or are they overrun by other tribal groups or ISISK? Your thoughts about the viability of Taliban to even stay in power? It's a good question, but we hope that there's some stability in that we don't want to fail state and complete chaos. That doesn't help anybody. My heart goes out to all the U.S. soldiers, especially who have been sent to Afghanistan over the years and fought for what they were sent there for. And a lot of that is confusing right now, and probably some of them are wondering, what was I doing there? But I think we were trying to help this nation on some level and provide people with a sense of peace and justice. And so the sacrifices that they've made and that they continue to make and as they come back, we support our military and the good men and women who staff that. And also for all the people in Afghanistan right now who are undoubtedly living in a state of pure terror about what the future will bring. So hopefully we will engage with them. We will do the right thing as best as we can. Our government will do the best that it can as it withdraws from this quagmire of 20 years. And let's hope that a bunch of calm comes on that nation. We've got enough to deal with right here at home. So maybe without Afghanistan taking any attention, and it needs a lot of attention right now, we've got a lot to focus on right here. Those are great final words, Winston. Thank you very much. Great thoughtful and great stage. Jay, your final thoughts and closing remarks. We really have to learn from what happened in Afghanistan. You know, not even getting to the question of comparing it with Vietnam. We have to learn how to deal with the kind of problem we found in Afghanistan with the kind of challenges we had in its infrastructure. Remember, it was really a primitive society. I remember looking at the, you know, at the website. Who does this? I think the CIA has a website. It's public about every country and they had something like 11 miles of railroad in the whole country with the 38, 40 million people. Anyway, we have to learn how to deal with this. We made a lot of mistakes. We put contractors in there to do things. They were not really responsible. They were not really citizen diplomats. We put contractors in there to do fighting. And we lost control of the situation. We just threw money at it without having a long range. But next time, we have to do way, way better. And we have to know how to get out. We have to know what our mission is. We should have been out of there in a year or two, not waiting 20 years. So somebody ought to write a book, maybe Winston. Winston, you should write a book about the lessons that we have to apply next time around. The reality is from a moral point of view, this will happen again. And people will call upon the United States as either a good leader or not so good leader, a global leader, to deal as the world's policeman. And we should be the world's policeman. Nobody else can do it in the high moral aspect of how we think, at least how some of us think. So bottom line is this ought to be a learning experience that we'll have to do better. And we should start doing better now. Well, when we get that call from another nation, and you're right, Jay, it will happen. Hopefully we remember the two words that are paramount. And that is mission creep. And hopefully we avoid 20-year engagements because we know our mission, the scope of the mission, and the objectives, and we stick to it. So Jay and Fidel, thank you very much for joining us. Winston Welch, thank you for joining us for What Now America. Join us next week at 11 o'clock on Wednesdays. I'm Tim Appichell, your host. Until then, aloha.


Okay, let's start. Can you hear me? Okay, my name is Behan. It's a pleasure for me to be here today. Thanks for coming. I will talk today about ways to monitor the Bosch director. And why actually I want to talk about this topic. I am a member of the Bosch Team Europe at SAP. And we contribute to the Bosch core projects and also we are owning the Bosch OpenStack CPI. Additionally, we operate most of the directors at SAP, the Bosch directors. So we provide Bosch as a service inside SAP to other teams. How many of you operate Bosch in production? Oh, okay, quite a number. Yeah, most probably you know why you need monitoring for Bosch. So today I will talk about why you need monitoring. I think afterwards explain why you can find monitoring data for Bosch and how we monitor the Bosch director at SAP. Additionally, I will explain how our monitoring and logging stacks works like and what kind of alerts we have. Most probably, so I don't need to tell you how important automation is. And most probably your automation depends on your Bosch director. At least at SAP we have automation which depends on our Bosch directors. All the updates and hot fixes, security patches, changes, they go automatically through pipelines and are propagated from landscape to landscape. And here you need the Bosch director to deploy those changes. Another thing is resurrection. Resurrection is when one VM deployed by Bosch is not running, Bosch will try to repair the VM. This works most of the time under the cover. And it's really nice when it works, but of course you need to work in Bosch director for this. And resurrection can prevent outages, customer impacts in your production systems. Another point is metrics. Actually, the director is a source for metrics, important metrics for your operation systems. And it's nice to have them and visualize them somewhere. We will talk later what kind of metrics. The last point is actually the most important for us at SAP. We use the Bosch director to provision services, cloud foundry services. So a cloud foundry user on our cloud platform, when he types CF create service, maybe the service is provisioned by Bosch. So we do not provision all the services by Bosch, but some of them are provisioned by Bosch. And this is of course direct customer-facing operation and puts much more pressure on how Bosch is available, so increases the requirements a lot. That's why monitoring is a very important topic for us. So before we look into how to monitor the Bosch, let's have a short overview of Bosch to better understand how, from where you get the data actually. So the director can provision VMs on supported infrastructures. And this is done through the CPI. For every supported infrastructure, you have CPI implementation. For example, Azure, AWS, OpenStack and so on. There is a well-defined interface between the director and the CPI and all the CPIs implement this interface. On the VMs, which are provisioned on the infrastructure, there is always one agent. And the agent is responsible to install the software which you want to run on the VM and also to monitor the software. And the software, the bits agent gets from the blob store, the bits to install. And of course the director puts the bits there. If you want to do a Bosch bolt release, then the director will bolt your release into the blob store. Also the agent reports the state of the processes over the message bus, nuts, and also some metrics. And here comes the health monitor which is listening on the agent reports the metrics. And if something is not as expected, the health monitor will generate an alert on which the director will react and try to repair the situation. For example, VM is not in running state. The health monitor will get this report from the agent to generate an alert and the director will try to repair the situation. This is how this action works actually. And the director also use nuts to send actions to agents and at the end we have the director database where the state of the director is stored. So this is the short overview. And let's have a look where you can find data sources for monitoring Bosch. Let's talk about metrics. We saw that agents are sending metrics via the message bus to Bosch and the metrics which agents send are about CPU load, memory usage, and disk usage. Of course you are asking yourself, but wait a minute, I want to actually monitor the Bosch director and here we get metrics for all the VMs which are created by the Bosch director. If you have this setup, you don't have any metrics for the Bosch director itself. That's why at SAP we have the following setup. We can deploy our Bosch as a service through another Bosch which we call the Outer Bosch and in this way we are able to get metrics for the Bosch VM itself. Additionally we have here a resurrection which is nice to have if the inner Bosch is not running, the outer Bosch will recreate the VM. And you can use the help monitor to forward those metrics to your monitoring stack. For example, this is a dashboard which we have built based on agent metrics, disk usage in percentage. Through the agent you get information about the ephemeral persistent and system disk and here you can see that the persistent disk usage was over 80% which actually triggers an award on our side and as you can see on the dashboard it took an action and the usage went down. So to say we increased the persistent disk of the Bosch director itself. The agent metrics are a good source to plan the capacity for your Bosch director, for example the size of the persistent disk, but also if we look into the next dashboard where you can see the CPU load, based on those metrics you can plan how big the Bosch director VM should be actually. And we use those metrics to scale the director up when it's needed. Another source of metrics on the Bosch director VM is the Nginx itself. The director is a Ruby rec application and in front of the director there is an Nginx reverse proxy and all the action which you execute with the Bosch CLR are facing the Nginx on the Bosch director. And Nginx itself has a feature to provide metrics for itself and you can enable this feature by default it's disabled. With the recent version of Bosch director you can enable this feature and the metrics endpoint will be exposed locally on the Nginx port. If you want to collect those metrics you have to forward them to your monitoring system. They are only exposed locally. This is very helpful if your Bosch users experience somehow a slow Bosch or many failing requests then you can use those metrics to analyze what's going on. Is the Nginx the issue or the director app behind the Nginx? It's a nice source for user facing issues. Another source of metrics is the local blob store. The local blob store is an Nginx talking the web-touch protocol. Here in the same way you can enable the metrics for the blob store itself and if you face issues with Bosch output release or issues with Bosch DNS because Bosch DNS is using also the blob store those metrics can be helpful for you. In case of an external blob store most probably the blob store provider can provide you metrics. We have a setup with the local blob store and that's why we use this way to get metrics. Another source of metrics is the nuts, the message pass. It has also the feature to provide you with metrics. Again it's by default disabled but with the recent version of Bosch Director you can enable this feature. It will be exposed also locally on the port 8222 on the DirectVM and here the metrics are very helpful with the Bosch DNS. When we introduced Bosch DNS to our production we experienced issues with Bosch DNS because Bosch DNS puts quite a huge role on the message pass and to analyze issues those metrics could be very useful for example but you can experience use them also for other issues if you have. Let's talk about another sources of monitoring information. We use also walks to monitor the Bosch Director. For example the NGNICS again has an access log, the NGNICS access log. We are parsing the access log and we generate information about the latency of the request about how much traffic our Bosch Director gets and how many errors we have by all the requests. The same you can most probably also have with the NGNICS metrics at the point when we implemented our monitoring the NGNICS metric feature wasn't available on Bosch, we introduced it later. That's why our current implementation is based on walks to have dashboards for requests but in the future we are planning to move to the metrics. For example this is a dashboard which we generate of the NGNICS access logs the total incoming request over time by request status here you can see how many failing requests you have, how many are successful how many you get at all and so on. It's very useful. The same you can have for the BobStore because it's also an NGNICS you can have the same dashboards here to analyze what's going on with your BobStore. Okay also these are the sources of monitoring information we use to monitor the Bosch Director. Let's have a look how our monitoring and logging stacks look like. So we use the health monitor to forward the agent metrics to our monitoring system. The health monitor has some kind of plug-in mechanism so you can configure those plug-ins to forward the metrics to your monitoring point. There are plug-ins for Datadoc for example, for PagerDuty. We use the graphite plug-ins so the health monitor is forwarding the metrics via the graphite point in our case. For NGNICS and NUTS we do not collect the metrics at the moment but we have this in our backlog. The plan here is to use telegraph and forward them from the Director VM to our monitoring system. For processing we use Riemann and also we use Riemann to generate our words based on those metrics. Then they are stored in InfoxDB and we use Grafana to create dashboards and visualize the metrics. The logging stack here we use syswalk release to forward the logs. With syswalk release you can forward all the job logs from the Director VM or from any VM where you use the syswalk and also the logs which are logged to syswalk. We are forwarding them to logstash where the processing happens. Also we have the option to generate our words based on logs. In our case we do not generate any words but we use here a last word. In Kibano we use to create dashboards and to visualize the logs. Let's have a look at what kind of words we have. We have only one word which requires immediate reaction and the inner director is unresponsive. To trigger this hour we have a monitoring agent on the Bosch director itself. This is something which we implemented. The monitoring agent queries the monitor to get the status of all the processes which monitors and also exercises some of the director's endpoints. From this information the monitoring agent generates a report and sends it to our monitoring stack. If it states unresponsive then we will trigger a page out. If you have a setup like this you can also react on direct updates. For example when you update your director at the moment the director is down. You may not want to have a page out because the director is getting updated at the moment. With this setup you can react on these cases when the monitoring agent is turning down. On the drain script you can generate a maintenance award and put the director in maintenance and then when it's getting up you can again turn it back again to avoid false positive words. We have also our dashboard awards. The dashboard awards do not require immediate reaction. You have time to react on the next day. For example we have one for persistent disk usage over 80%. We found this is a good threshold and you have enough time afterwards to react on this server. For ephemeral disk we have 60%. You need a little bit more free space here because during an update the ephemeral disk is heavily used by the blob store engineers. That's why we have a lower threshold here. We also experiment with HTTP based awards but we don't have a recommendation at the moment. But they are a very valuable source for our source. At the end if you care about your productive systems you should monitor your Bosch. Because if Bosch is well this can help also your productive system. And the lesson which we learned you should keep your monitoring very simple. Simple as possible. You have to understand what are the requirements on your Bosch direct and implement the right monitoring for you. Because if it's too complicated people will not use the monitoring. And be careful with the awards. If you have too many type of awards they will get also very fast ignored by people. Do you have any questions?  So you showed little snippets of dashboards. Does that mean like I just have APIs and I got to build those dashboards myself? Or is there any plan on like providing some of that goodness to other people as well? Maybe in the future we can improve the observability of Bosch. Dashboards at the moment I don't know of any plans to provide them to people. At the moment this is all we have to monitor the Bosch director. So the question was what kind of issues we have to generate to create the awards or to create the dashboards. We had different kind of issues actually. First our landscape are huge. Maybe we have one of the biggest landscape operated by Bosch. And what we experienced our Bosch users experienced many failing requests for example. They explained I'm trying to deploy something and I get bad get way. And this way we introduced monitoring based on HTTP access logs to understand where or how many requests we get and where actually try to understand where the error happens. Is it on the engine X or is it on the direct web or is it the database unit and different tools. But for the first understanding it was very helpful. We had also issues with Bosch DNS. Nuts, the Nuts messaging bus code and handle the water which Bosch DNS produced. And that's why we introduced the feature with the Nuts metrics for example. So usually when you first repeat the question the question was can you evaluate a little bit more on the Bosch DNS issues. Yeah Bosch DNS will send many Nuts messages when you execute an update. And the updating itself also needs the message bus. When you update a VM the director is waiting on hard bits from the agent for example. Executes and sends an action to the agent and waits a response from the agent also based on the message bus. And when the Bosch DNS puts so much vote on the message bus then the messages get time out. So they will time out and this will case your deploy to fail for example. Okay we don't have any other questions and thank you if you want to reach me. This is my Twitter handle. Thanks for coming.


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