Well, we just kind of look at the future. I don't worry too much about last year, you know, last year's in the past. But we just want to keep working each week, get better each week, each day, prepare and play and, you know, the games take care of themselves. Well, our defense has stepped up the game a whole lot from last year. We've got a lot of seniors on the team now, like Tristan Pauley. Been playing a lot better on the defense line, and that gives us a real boost to continue this streak we've got going. We don't have any off weeks, really, and I think we do have one that they make us take. But otherwise, the teams that we play are good. I think our district has some really good teams in it. You know, we face Harlan this week. Harlan County's got a good team. I know they've had some tough luck in some of their games, but they've been right there, and they're a very good team. North Laurel just wanted Harlan Friday this past Friday. So they're obviously really good. And then, of course, Whitley County will face them at the end of this stretch, and they too are playing really good football. So we don't have any easy games in our district. We work really hard, and we condition really hard, and we're just always striving to get better and see what we've got to do to beat each team. We just try to work on everything that we do. We try to get better at everything every day. We've worked the offense a lot today. Offensive line's going to be improved. We're going to try to put up some points this Friday.


God damn, that's pretty Hey guys, this is my review for Blade Runner 2049 a film that I have admittedly been anticipating with both caution as well as extreme Excitement but with such a stellar team behind this film the original writers of the first film Roger Deacons behind the camera and Denae Villeneuve with the director's chair and Harrison Ford returning as Deckard as well as Ryan Gosling pulling off one of his Best performances. He's done in a long time in terms of film. I this is one of his best performances in terms of the scale of this film the film is literally about Ryan Gosling's character who is a Blade Runner uncovering mystery a secret a world-blowing exploit that threatens basically the means in how the world sees replicants and That's all I'm gonna say because anything else would just spoil this movie It is two hours and 44 minutes long. You will feel the length But you will be amazed by how good this movie looks Roger Deacons kills it with every single scene Every single shot of this movie is a masterpiece an art form of amazing film making and You'll love it. You'll just love to watch this movie because of how well it's shot But again going back to that time frame now a lot of people That's probably the biggest complaint that I've heard is that this film goes on for quite some time and admittedly it does But if you watch the first one the first one also takes its time Admittedly it's shorter than this film, but there's a lot of shots where just it's just pacing itself It's taking its time this film it takes its time. It does pace itself admittedly there's maybe like a few Moments I think that could have been shaved off, but I actually enjoy its length because it doesn't It's not spoon feeding you, but it's letting you soak in the universe It's letting you soak in the world building the story the elements the characters And I like that it does that that's a bold thing to do Especially with a film that had so much money into it had Sony behind it had Warner Brothers behind it I'm amazed at the length was able to stay in Villain who've probably had to fight hard for that and I appreciate that this film has such care and such precision Put into it Admittedly there's more action in the first one in my opinion I think there's more action that happened in the first one There are some cool scenes that happen in this one, but it's much more of an investigative into the characters and much more Just the world building the world building takes forefront a lot of the times in this film There's a lot of elements that are kind of defining the idea of relationships between replicants and sentient AI The idea of replicants and replicants and it just goes on and on and deeper and deeper And what you didn't think they could go any deeper into or explore any more in the original film They go even further into this one and as I said the world building aspect of this film is absolutely Incredible Villeneuve takes the universe that we were given in the first film and just delves into it The idea of snow in Los Angeles is so Mind-blowing the idea that there are streets that are just there's no streets It there's land that is just warehouses so tightly packed together that even flying above you can barely see in Between them where the road goes through them the idea of San Diego being basically America's West Coast garbage dump was actually kind of a Kind of a funny idea considering what people some people think of San Diego But I can say that I was thoroughly Fixed into this film if I were to watch it again. I admit I would feel the length Far far more. I would probably be a little bit antsy, but I still really enjoyed this film I think that aside from the length there are some questions that will be left unanswered for a movie That's got two hours and 44 minutes in it It still leaves a few questions unanswered especially the one that a lot of people have had since the first movie It doesn't answer that shit and I like it as well as got a little bit aggravated because of that at the same time But as I said I enjoyed this movie immensely. It was really really cool to watch. It's not for everyone It's definitely for fans of the first film for sure But like really big fans and you can't just say yeah, yeah like Blade Runner You have to be a fan to both understand it as well as truly appreciate in my opinion Because if you kind of go into this movie green or just an avid just kind of a regular film goer You're gonna kind of be admittedly you will be bored probably there'll be parts that you'll just be like Nothing's going on and I can understand that I totally would understand people having that thought process This is definitely a film that Doesn't cater to the regular audience as much as it does to the fans of the original film And that's ballsy to go for a hundred and thirty million dollar budget of a sequel to a film that flopped at the box office But is held it as a cult classic and one of the best sci-fi films of all time.  That's not for everyone I enjoyed it because I'm a big Blade Runner fan But again, I could understand how regular film goers are just people who are kind of just an average fan of the original Would be a little bit bored and a little bit kind of like well, what's all the hype for but in the end? I will give Blade Runner 2049 a six out of seven. This film is an absolute Gorgeous treat to watch the new Villeneuve was the only director I would have trusted to have taken this project on and he he met my expectations He didn't exceed them But he did well with what he had and what he was basically up against such a juggernaut a sci-fi film making in In the end guys, I hope you enjoyed this review I'm really interested in what other people are thinking of this film because I have seen there's a big device of sort of Split between people about the thoughts of this people have said that it's better than the original other people say it's overrated as hell I could see both arguments being, you know, well contested.  Anyways guys, I hope you enjoyed this review. See you guys next time


Hi, I'm Megan Bird-Sanaki and I used to run a fully remote team, a fully remote board and open source community. And now I work at Google in the open source programs office as the manager of strategy and operations. Before COVID, my team was distributed. Some worked in offices, some worked at home, but now, like many of you, we're 100% remote. And my talk today is on how to run high performing, joyful remote teams. And I want to thank you for making time to attend. Now, given COVID, I can't think of a better time to give a talk about remote teams because we're all in this boat together. Now, naturally, I submitted this talk before COVID. So while this talk will focus on how to run remote teams, it's also going to provide tips on how to run teams while in crisis. Because let's face it, it's really hard to expect teams to perform at high levels or be really joyful during such challenging times. So I do want to be realistic with this talk. So with that said, my talk today will cover what does a high performing and joyful team look like? What do you need to create one in general? And how do you create one specifically for remote teams? And I'll sprinkle in some tips on how to manage remote teams during the global pandemic and give you some good places to start this work with your team. Sound good? Well, great. Let's dive in. Well, first, I want to start by sharing a story just to illustrate high performing, joyful teams. And rather than describing a wonderful experience of a team that I was on, I'm going to tell you the complete opposite. Just so you can see what it looks like when you don't have a high performing, joyful team. So once upon a time, I was working in an international tech company, and it was having a really hard time finding its North Star. And it was going through strategy changes every nine months, and it was conducting big layoffs over a two year period laying off new rounds of people every quarter until they reached 20,000 people. Needless to say, it was a really tumultuous time, and no one worked well together. And there were just all kinds of challenges. We didn't feel like our work mattered or was going to help the company. There was low trust for management and really for each other. And communication was not great. We were a distributed team where some people were in offices. Some of us worked from home like I did. And those in the office, well-intentioned, would sometimes meet in the hallways and make a decision and run off in a direction and forget to tell us remote people. And we were often out of the loop. And it was also before video was used a lot. And so we had to use the phone. And it just became really draining just talking to the phone. But also, we didn't have the benefit of seeing people's body language. So that was also really challenging. So needless to say, it was not a high performing or joyful team at all. And in short, we were kind of a hot mess. And while there were definitely business consequences because of this, what was worse was that there were human consequences. I personally felt extremely stressed from this whole situation. And I just generally felt terrible going to work every day. And in the end, I just stopped engaging and I quit the team. And it was really an unfortunate situation all around. And it would have been a lot better if managers and leaders knew how to build better environments for teams, especially for those of us that were working remotely for the company. So I tell this story to show that being a manager, especially remote teams, is really important work. Not only are managers for team success or leaders for team success, but they can make a direct impact in someone's life, especially if managers manage the whole person and not just the work they do. And now, more than ever, the world needs good and caring managers to help teams get through all the challenges that we're facing today. So with that said, let's learn how to start creating high performing, joyful remote teams. And let's just break this down, focusing first on what is a high performing team? Well, according to the Center of Organizational Design, high performing teams look like this. They have clear vision that they're excited about. They have clearly defined roles and processes. They know what to focus on and how to measure their success. And they have good interpersonal dynamics on the team with open communication, positive relationships, shared leadership responsibilities. And all of that helps them manage team conflict where they debate ideas in a healthy way. Plus they make good and timely decisions and several other attributes. And to create a team like this, managers need to create the right team environment. And that starts with establishing the team behaviors that everyone needs to share. So Patrick Lanzioni, a leadership expert, spells this out in his book, The Five Dysfunctions of a Team. And the five behaviors he says that high performing teams have are that they trust one another, they engage in conflict, and they're able to constructively debate ideas because they trust each other. And as they debate ideas, they make decisions and they commit to those decisions. And then they hold each other accountable for following through on the decisions that they've made. And then finally, high functioning teams, they focus on achieving results together. And it's a manager's job to create those behaviors within the team. And of course, you're not going to achieve any of those behaviors, especially trust without the most important team ingredient, which is psychological safety. And this is a critical step managers have to take from day one and continue it every day after. The other key ingredient for high performing teams is having diverse teams because many perspectives create better solutions. And to attract and retain diverse teams, you need to have equitable and inclusive team environments. So everyone feels welcome. They feel a sense of belonging and they can thrive as they work together. So behaviors, psych safety, DEI are key ingredients for creating high performing teams. But what about joyful teams? Well, that's just a few more ingredients that you have to get to know. So first, why do we want joyful teams? Well, it plays an important role in the success of the team. Because when team members feel joy, they're more engaged and committed to the team and the team goals. And then when they achieve those goals, that creates more success, which gets celebrated, which creates more joy. And then the cycle continues. It's actually joy. Well, in short, there was a study done by AT Kearney and they found that joyful teams, but joy really comes from teams experiencing a combination of team harmony, impact and acknowledgement. And teams feel harmony because members have clarity of their role and everyone else's role on the team. And there are strong bonds and they can be formed through the work and through fun days. And they feel that their talents are understood and well used for the work that they're asked to do. Plus, teams feel they make an impact because they're connected to the team's success. They see that their role is critical and that their role is helping the team succeed at bigger goals. Also, teams feel that their hard work and success is acknowledged. Teams have a way of celebrating each other's success and their team's success. And also people outside of their group acknowledge the work that they've done and the goals that they've achieved. So clearly managers have their work cut out for them to create these high performing joyful teams in general. But how do you create these kinds of teams when everyone is remote? Well, that takes a few more skills to apply this into a remote environment where everyone is scattered all over. And it's really hard to get in front of a whiteboard to figure some things out. So I want to share some of my tips. I broke it down into six key areas. So the first one is commit to being fully remote. This means you want an even playing field where everyone is in the same work environment. You know, having team members in distributed offices. You know, maybe they have some people in Chicago and some people in Paris and who knows where else. That's not remote. It has elements of remote team because you are separate and you have to use online tools to communicate and collaborate. But you still get a level of support. You can still have hallway conversations that doesn't exist at all with remote teams. And really you want to try to avoid the hybrid situation. The one that I had at that within that story I told you about. You want to avoid the some people are in offices and some people are remote. It just it doesn't work. So if you can avoid it, you should. But there's also just their reality. That's that's how this is. And so what I'm hoping is because of COVID, I think people can be building empathy right now for what it feels like to be a remote worker. So that when people do go back into the office and they're in these hybrid situations, they can be a little bit more mindful of what it's like to be a remote worker and how to include them more into just that office culture that tends to take over. Second one is hire the right people. Of course, as I mentioned, hire diverse talent. And when you interview, make sure that the people you're hiring share the same values as your team. It makes a big difference when everyone is aligned on how you want to move forward together. And also, while you're interviewing, test to make sure that people know how to work remotely, that they know how to use the tools and they know how to communicate in an effective way for remote teams. And, you know, because it's just really hard to help some people figure this out once they're on board. And sometimes it doesn't work and you don't want it to go sideways. So just really make sure you've hired the right people. The third one is a big one. You need to build a human first culture. And this will be your best investment in a remote team and really in any team. And as they say, culture eats strategy for lunch. A culture that connects people and meaningful and trusting ways at a human level is going to create a team that moves mountains. So start by uniting the team around shared values and have the team create those values together. And then revisit those values from time to time and talk about what does it mean to live those values? How are you living those values? How are you not living those values? And how can you do it better? Also, get your team members to connect and know each other as people, not just people working together. So use your team meetings and ask fun questions like, what is your favorite food? And of course, you don't have a physical water cooler where people are going to find each other and just make bonds that way. So create your own slack water cooler and get in there and get people talking. And eventually you'll see they'll take over as well. We also have something on our team that I learned from a group called Lullabies, a digital agency that's distributed or I'm sorry, remote. And it's called a serendipity call. This happens every other week and it's dedicated time where we all show up and talk about anything but work. It's a great way to get to know each other and laugh a lot at work, which is sometimes what we need, especially in these really strange times that we're in. And help the team get to know each other professionally. Do exercises where you surface what everyone's skills and talents are and get them to think about how they can start working with each other to take advantage of those skills and talents that they don't have. And make sure that they have projects that force them to work together. And make sure that they're starting to have one-on-ones with each other, not just with you as their manager so that you're starting to force these connections where they're seeing where they can help each other and get to know each other a little bit better personally and professionally. And what I like that I've learned from Heather lesson recently is that you should have a buddy system. And so it's the same concept of putting people together on a project, but it's really great in a time of crisis where when you have two people working on a project and they know that they can count on each other, when somebody needs to walk away, maybe it's to take care of a child, maybe it's just to take a break because the world's too much, their buddy could move things forward. And when their buddy needs to take a break, they can return the favor. We're doing this and it makes a huge difference. Another thing about creating a human-first culture is that you need to foster empathy on your team. We're all in these situations, we're working from home and some of us are having to juggle a lot of things. Dogs are showing up, cats are showing up, kids are showing up. Sometimes my in-laws show up in calls because I'm doing elder care. You know, when that happens, don't react. It's okay if you get interrupted. Just accept it and actually call those people in. Find out what that dog's name is and what that kid likes to do for fun. You know, this is about getting to know the whole person. And when you are talking, like having a conversation, turn the video on. If you're not using the video, you are not getting the benefits because just talking to each other without video reduces your ability to have empathy for the person you're talking with. So make sure the video is on. But if you are doing online communications, just be really mindful of how you're communicating. Be really self-aware, assume positive intent. I have a whole talk called Be the Leader You Need, an open source that talks about this. But one small hack is use emojis to help express the emotions you're trying to convey. It doesn't totally bridge the gap, but it helps. One thing our team found when we wanted to express empathy for each other as people are going through all kinds of crazy stuff was that there is no empathy emoticon. So we created our own and it's the empathetic empanada emoji. It's like you can use that if you want. But it is something that we created and it's a nice little norm within our team. Another thing I would recommend is consider your one-on-ones with your staff a sacred time. Give it a full hour.  And I use my first 15 minutes to just talk about them. Find out how are they doing? How's life? How's their balance? Do a heat check. You know, red's like, I'm not okay. Yellow's like, I'm okay, sort of. Green, like, yeah, I'm cruising. Good to go. And it's also a really good time to unblock those things that are a little bit unique to this time. Maybe people aren't giving themselves permission for self-care. And so it's a great time to look at each other's calendars and see, well, maybe you need a day off. Here's some time you don't need to go to all these meetings. Go take a day, right? These one-on-ones, it's not just about work. It's really about helping them get unblocked at all levels, you know, work and emotional and childcare and whatever. And, you know, it's also important that you do promote self-care. Right now, just our teams are dealing with so much. So I think it's important for managers of any kind of team to make sure that the top priority is self-care. And I think it's really important that you model that for your team. I'm finding that sometimes people are not giving themselves the permission they need to take the time off or take a break. So it's important that you do it, too. And I have to always remind myself when I'm starting to redline and maybe I need to take a break and I try to let the team know I'm doing this and why I'm doing this and encourage them to do the same. And these are the kinds of things that can help really form those team bonds that make a great high-performing team. And the fourth one is also a big one to unpack. You need to be really intentional about how you provide team structure. You know, things that are easy to figure out in an office are much harder to do remotely. And so a manager needs to put that structure in place. And I start with the meeting cadence. And I pick a cadence of different kinds of meetings so that you have the right conversations at the right time in the right way and they all build on each other. I get inspired by this book by Patrick Lancioni called Death by Meeting. It sounds horrible. It's a little long for what it conveys but really just talks about a great meeting cadence. So I use daily stand-ups, weekly team meetings and one-on-ones, quarterly strategy meetings and annual planning. And it can be tricky because people are in different time zones. So we use a mix of daily stand-ups that are video calls where we commit to the same time on a certain day to get together. Otherwise, we do it asynchronously over chat. And also for those strategy meetings, annual planning meetings, it's great is actually just better to do those in person over a couple of days if you can, do some team formation as part of it. But of course that's not an option for us. And so you have to be super intentional about strategy meetings and design them and facilitate them very well. Another thing is make sure people feel really connected to the vision and the goals and that they understand how their work helps achieve those goals. And also make sure they're excited about doing that work and what it means when they help to achieve those goals. Make sure they're really on board and have those conversations and be very intentional about it. Because it's just nothing sadder than being isolated and disengaged. Trust me, I've had that experience, not great.  And make sure you and the team aim to over communicate because there's just a lot of emails flying, there's chats going on. So you wanna make sure you are very clear and that your messages are being received. So that means that you wanna be really clear about the communication channels and how to use them. So for example, you might wanna set norms that Slack is great for some quick conversations but don't send tasks there because they get lost and forgotten and that use email to send tasks or things that you want people to do more reading and processing around. Be clear about when you're available to communicate. You know, we aren't robots working all the time. So set up your calendar and let people know when you're available to work and when you're not available to work. You do the same thing with Slack or any other channel. And just be transparent about everything. Make a team page where everyone can find your team, mission, vision, goals, work plans, use JIRA or other tools to make your work transparent and then document decisions that been made because not everyone is in the same place when a decision was made. Make sure they know where to go to find those decisions. And then lastly, be very intentional about how you celebrate as a team. Celebrate birthdays, celebrate team successes and then also be really intentional about reaching out to managers of other teams and make sure they're sending in accolades when your team's done something great that's helped them. And lastly, set boundaries. Remember, you're working from home, not homing from work. You need boundaries to set the work from everything else going on in your life. So some things to consider are pretend you're going into the office, shower and get dressed every day as if you're going to work, maybe even take a walk around the block as if you're commuting and have a work schedule and keep to it and let others know what it is. Try having a dedicated workspace even though right now some people are working in closets but try to have a dedicated workspace and maybe even your own work computer. Although that takes a lot of privilege to be able to have more than one computer. And think twice about where you're putting your work apps on your phone. You may not wanna combine your life on your phone that way.  And one trick I learned is that you could drink water a lot all day long. It's gonna force you to take bio breaks. So a cliche note, a couple of times a day you're gonna get up from that desk. And so it's just important to watch these boundaries because it's easy to lose them and they're really hard to rebuild. And if you do lose them, you're on a fast track to burn out. And the last tip I have for you is don't micromanage. I've heard stories of new remote managers getting really nervous that they don't know what their team's doing. So don't do that, don't micromanage because no one wins. It's known that teams thrive when they have autonomy. Instead, focus on the outcomes. Be clear what you expect and be clear what success looks like and get aligned on that. And get aligned on what people's general plans are to achieve that outcome. So you know generally what their roadmap looks like. And then from there, your job is just to check in, unblock and coach. So those are some of the main things I found helpful when managing remote teams. And I hope they'll help your team too. Because it's certainly a lot of work for a manager to create high performing, joyful remote teams. And it takes a lot of specialized skills and talents to do it well. But I personally find it very rewarding work. But where can you begin today? Especially with all the tips that I gave, where do you begin today? So no matter what stage your team is in, you can take one very simple step. Sorry, and that is to simply start talking as a team. Bring your team together and get real about what's working, what's not working, what your needs are. Treat it like product design. And then listen, really listen to each other and work together to come up with solutions. And then project manage those and implement those solutions just like you would with product development. And then do team retrospectives on a periodic basis. And then just keep iterating so that you keep forming your team. And that may sound like simple steps to take for making complex change, but in the words of leadership expert Margaret Wheatley, very great change starts from very small conversations, held among people who care. You will be amazed how your team will get stronger just by talking and getting real with one another. So that's it. I wanna thank you so much for attending my session. Wherever you are on your remote work journey, I wish you the best of luck. And most importantly, I hope you all remain safe, happy and healthy. And just in case you're looking for a few resources that supported my talk today, you can check these out.


We're here for the opening of the Basalt Medical Office Building. It's a home of the Stebmin Clinic in the Roaring Fort Valley. It's a tremendous day for us. Our partners are here, Vale Health, Aspen Valley Hospital, Varsity Health Care, OCP, and the Stebmin Clinic, Stebmin Philippon Research Institute is here as well. This is a vision of Dr. Mark Philippons that has been in the works for five years. None of this is done without a strong team of committed people. We'll do everything we can to bring evidence-based medicine, world-class care to the community here, and most importantly, return them to their active lifestyle. We're very proud to be part of this. And today, as you see, we started the process.


In this video, I'm going to show you how to delete a Google business profile. All right. So the first thing that you're going to do is you're going to go to Google.com and you're going to make sure that you are signed in up in the top right hand corner. I'm going to go ahead and click on sign in. If you are signed in, it will either be a picture of you, your company logo or your initial. So if my name is Nathan, it might have an N up in the circle right there. So first thing I'm going to do is sign in. And let me go ahead and pick an account again. All right. So here's the picture that I was talking about. So you're just going to kind of scroll over it and then I'll pop up an email. Just make sure that that's the email of the Google business profile account that you're wanting to delete. OK. Next, you're going to go to my business. And you're going to type that into the search area under Google hit enter. Do a search for your business. So right here, you might see some ads.  So next, you're going to click on a view profile and I have a little demo account right here. The next thing that you're going to do is across where it says your business on Google, you're going to go over to these three dots. You're going to click on it and then you're going to click on business profile settings right here. Next, you're going to click on remove business profile. And then right here, remove profile content and managers. You're going to click on that. And then down here, you could mark your business as permanently closed. You can turn it off or on and then you'll hit continue. And that's how you're going to delete business Google business profile.


Now, Prince Nongar Gara, chairman of the National Youth Council of Nair the Taira of the State chapters, orders the youth to promote peace and reconciliation, rejecting violence and discrimination. He called for unity among the youth and orders them to support Dr Abu Khairfah's administration in moving Taira of the State forward. Dr Dhanjumar emphasized the importance of respecting the varsity and beliefs among the youth. Some youths also appreciated the Council's effort in bringing together the youth and offered prayers for peaceful coexistence in the Taira of the State. This is an attempt to foster unity amongst youths in the Taira of the State. It is an attempt in this period of time to release on the happiness of our State, to also understand that the period of politicking is over and if only we can benefit as youths, if only we can move forward as a State, then we have to bring all hands on deck. You and I don't have power to control who God makes our life, who God creates. And sometimes you don't even have power to control what the next person does. But you have power to control how you think about what someone does or something. You have power to control how you think. You have power to control your perceptions. As to how and why the person did what he did is beyond your control, isn't it? People from across the length of the United States clearly indicate that there is unity among the youths and we are very much united and we are delighted with creating this opportunity to bring all of us to the other side. I am very proud of the leadership for organizing such a unifying event in order to have an important region in different diversity at the same place, at the same time celebrating the Muslim brothers and sisters who are breaking the fast in the gift of this very moment. And I want to applaud that once again for this very unifying gesture.


The projection of lines, myself, Mr. S. P. Mankani, assistant professor, department of mechanical engineering, wall change institute of technology, Solaapur. So, at the end of this lecture, students will be able to solve problems on projection of lines inclined to any given plane. So, here in the previous lecture, we have studied the basics of the quadrants. So, with the reference of the basics of the quadrants, we are going with the next basic concept of drawing projection of lines. So, in the previously taken x y as a reference line, the front is coming above the x y line and the top becomes below the x y line. As in the case of first quadrant, we are going to study particularly the first quadrant. The rest of the information related to the second quadrant, third quadrant and fourth quadrant, we are not going with the detail of those quadrants. So, now we are going to study as the first quadrant only. And here is the front view is in the above the x y line and the top is below the x y line. Usually, you are going to call in almost all the, our lectures, the x y line as a reference line above or below, like this you are going to be using the word. So, here any point, now you are going to be representing above the x y line is the front view. Suppose, this is a point P dash, you are representing P as a one point situated in the first quadrant, you are representing this as a P dash. So, any distance from the x y line, it indicates that this distance is from the horizontal reference plane. All the measurements, you are going to make it from the x y line only, from the x y line. It is in the upward direction. Suppose, it might be a 30 millimeter, 40 millimeter, 60 millimeter, you are going to be measuring from the x y line in the towards in the upward direction. Suppose, this point is situated at the 40 millimeter means from this particular point, from this particular line is a 40 millimeter distance, you are going to consider as any point situated above the horizontal plane at a distance, that distance you are going to be measuring from the this particular reference line. Similarly, if any point supposed to be there given as 30 millimeter, 40 millimeter, any distance from the vertical reference plane below the x y line, all the distance from the vertical plane you are going to be measuring from this particular point in the downward direction. Here it is representing it as any distance from vertical plane is going to be measured from the x y line only below the x y line, below the x y line, the notation given here as a dash mark and notation here given as a without dash mark. All the top view you are going to be representing as like a A, B, C, D and the front view are going to be representing as a A dash, B dash, A dash like this. So, this is studied as a front view above the x y line, top view below the x y line, next part as any distance from the horizontal plane it is measuring from the reference line above the x y line, any distance from the vertical plane below the x y line from the x y line, this much only information yesterday. Next, if the any line is making a certain degrees of angle to the horizontal plane, that you are going to be representing as a theta angle and that angle you have to take it in the direction as like this, this is the theta degree, this is the theta degree angle, it is in the direction like this, angle you can take it in this direction or you can take it in this direction, you can take angle either in this direction or in this direction, but that is a theta angle to the horizontal reference plane. Similarly, you are going with the any angle is given to the vertical reference plane, you are going to be taken below the x y line to the x y line, that you are going to be representing it as a phi angle, phi angle you can take it to this particular reference line below the x y line either in this direction or in this direction, we are represented only one direction, you can take it in both the direction depends upon the space availability in the problem. So, now supposed to be here point is situated above the horizontal reference plane and in front of the vertical plane you are taken now supposed to be point is situated on the horizontal plane itself means this distance is going to be becoming as a zero, this distance become zero means that point is situated on the x y line and that you are representing it as p dash point, that is dash mark indicating it as a point is in the front view as shown. Similarly, if the point is there in the vertical reference plane that time it is going to touch the x y line from below the x y line, this distance is going to be becoming as a zero, any distance from vertical plane that distance is going to be becoming zero because it is there in the vertical plane that time the point is situated on the x y line from below the x y line, it touches from the below the x y line that you are going to quote it as a p point. So, now this is an important part starts as how to draw the projection of a line with a given position. So, I have taken this as a first part and this position is x y line and this is like a your notebook page. So, here this is a vertical plane is coming above the x y line and horizontal plane below the x y line. In later stages we are not going to be calling this vertical plane as well as a horizontal plane to avoid the confusion. So, now here this x y line and having a certain distance above the horizontal plane this distance and that point is situated as a point and here certain degrees of angle is given as a theta degree of angle and this is a dash b dash a dash and b 1 dash representing because it is a front view line, it is a front view line the notation part of it why you have taken b 1 dash I will explain this part in the later part. So, here just it is a front view line. So, similarly here you are going to be representing this as the true length. So, here it is a true length this side also this theta angle as well as phi angle this theta angle as well as phi angle is going to be taken for the true length only true length with the HP true inclination with the HP and true inclination with the vertical plane. You can take angle in this way or in this way both the things I explained in the previous slide also. So, here this is phi and this is theta you are expected to remember these angle notations very clearly and this is a locus of b point here also you are going to be taken as a locus of b point means this length is true length this length is true length means these are true inclinations. So, now we are going to bring it in the upward direction this point you are going to bring it in the upward direction. So, this gives a dash and b 2 dash it gives as a front view length this gives a front view length. So, keeping compass at this particular point you are going to be rotating this point in this direction it is cuts the locus of b point means b has to come anywhere on this particular locus line only. Now, we are going to be joining this point and this point with a red color this indicating as you are expected to draw this line as a 1 dash and b 1 dash as a dark line as a dark line and as far as this a 1 dash a dash and this b 1 dash you are going to be representing with the medium thickness line and if you are going to bring this line directly in the downward direction once again to get a this a and this particularly as a b 2 point is given as the top view length. This is top view length keep the compass here bring this distance then you rotate it in the downward direction it is going to cut the this locus line of b 2 it is going to cut the locus line of b 2. So, here you have to join this line it becomes as a a b as a top view length this becomes as a top view length. So, now one more angle is included here as alpha degree here and this is beta degree alpha is indicating the angle made by the front view length with the horizontal plane that is a alpha degree we are going to represent this as a alpha similarly angle made by the top view length with the vertical plane this you are going to be representing as a beta these alpha and beta are apparent angles alpha and beta are apparent angles all the details has been represented and you are expected to remember all these 10 points all these 10 parameters you are expected to remember here. So, true length so this particular line is a true length in the front view and this is in the top view these are true lengths and theta and phi angles are related with the true lengths only angle made by the horizontal plane with the angle made by the line with the horizontal plane and here it is a angle made by the line with the vertical plane theta as well as phi and alpha and beta is angle of front view with xy line and similarly angle of top view with xy line that is a beta angle and this is LTV that is the length of here it is a LTV it is not LTV it is a length of front view it is a LFV there is a correction you make it this as a correction and this is point is length of front view and here it is a length of top view okay and this point is situated A is the distance from the horizontal reference plane and distance from the vertical reference plane same information I have distributed in the three steps here is the first step you are just drawn the first step the given angles then the second step you are going to be locating the rotating the this particular line and then bringing it in the next upward direction then you are going to locate that true length this is a true inclination similarly in the third step you are going to bring it in the this particular point in the downward direction just you can observe here so now you are going to bring it the last step bringing keeping this particular point and you are going to bring it this projector in the downward direction it will cut the this a locus of a and wherever it will cut keep the compass at a point take it this distance and rotate it in the downward direction this gives the top view length of a given line and alpha and beta angles are alpha is related with the angle made by the front view with horizontal reference plane angle made by the top view with the vertical reference plane so these are the three steps just you can think it so what are the angles alpha and beta where should we denote the angle alpha and beta in today's problem what are alpha and beta these are apparent angles and they're going to locate this alpha above the x-y line and beta below the x-y line thank you


Ευχαριστούμε και ευχαριστούμε για έναν άλλο βίντεο για την καρδιά. Σήμερα θα δημιουργήσω μια καρδιά νοτικα, χρησιμοποιώντας την καρδιά μου με την καρδιά μου με την καρδιά της στιγμή. Αυτή είναι μια από τα καρδιά μου που έχει την σχέση της καρδιάς, και σήμερα θα σας δείξω ότι δεν πρέπει να είναι καρδιά μου. Μπορείς να το χρησιμοποιήσεις σε τη στιγμή σας, μια πολύ διαφορετική στιγμή. Είμαι also going to share with you my recipe when it comes to creating nautical cards. Λοιπόν πρώτα από όλα έκαναν το καρδιά 3 φορές από βιντεο, ρε και αρκετά. Είμαι going to use the white one as the base, και είμαι going to cut out of the other two lighthouses, bits and pieces so that I can stick them on top of the main lighthouse to create a multicolor look. The dies are designed in such a way to make it super easy to separate different pieces. And here I'm going to use the roof from the red one and the doors from the blue one. One of my go-to recipes when it comes to creating nautical cards is to always use red, blue, white and a touch of gold. If you somehow can add stripes on this design it's going to make it look even more nautical. Another idea is to use a string and maybe tie a knot and somehow incorporate that on your design, or even add burlap which is something that I'm going to do today to add some extra texture. I'm sticking all the different pieces on top of my base, the white base, using white glue this way I can easily glide the pieces until I'm happy with their placement, but another way to go is to use foam tape at the back to add some dimension or the extra pieces.  For example here I did cut out a couple of oars out of gold cardstock to introduce that gold touch on my design. And I'm going to place them there, creating an axe on top of my door. This is going to be a quick and simple design that you can easily recreate and I will be sharing lots of ideas on how you can use my latest collection. So hopefully if you get it you will have lots of inspiration. And I'm showing you here some more bits and pieces that you can use to embellish your lighthouse such as the anchor or even the starfish as well as the shell. However for this design I'm only going to use the lifesaver. I did cut it out twice, one from white cardstock and the other one from red. I'm going to place it directly on top of my door. The doors in this die are designed in such a way so they are interactive, they do open up. However in this design, since I'm sticking that lifesaver on top of the window, it's not going to open so I blocked them completely. But you do have that versatility depending on your design, whether you want to have the doors open or completely closed. You see I'm filling in the little gaps on the lifesaver with the pieces from the red cut out. Now I will do some heat embossing. For my sentiment I went with summer vibe that comes from my sentiment stamp set. This is a small sentiment stamp set that includes seven different phrases that can be used throughout the year. I'm going to stamp that with VersaMarketing and then apply golden bossing powder. Again for having that golden touch on my nautical card. I'm working on a solar white nina cardstock. The size of my panel is four and a quarter by five and a half but you will see that I'm going to cut it smaller later on. Now although this is a very simple card I'm going to add something extra, some texture which is going to take it to the next level. For that I have this piece of burlap which I'm going to stick down. Another way to go would be to use canvas. For some reason canvas goes great as well as burlap with nautical themed designs and I'm just using double sided tape at the back to stick it down. Αν βρίσκομαι ότι αυτό το πίσω της burlap δεν είναι καλύτερο but it is centered with the sentiment and I do plan to chop off a bit from the sides. So now this panel is trimmed about a quarter of an inch so it should measure four by five and one quarter and I'm placing it on top of a panel that is four and a quarter by five and a half which is navy blue and it is the same cardstock that I used for the doors. Another way to go is to match this panel with the red cardstock or even with gold. I used foam squares at the back of my lighthouse, I'm going to place it down and you can create something similar to create a home decor maybe for a summer house, I think that would look beautiful. So here is a close-up look on the card that I made for today using the summer set from my bird houses through the season collection. Here are some close-up photos on the card that I made for today, just like all those you will find links to everything I used down below in the description area. Don't forget to like, subscribe and leave me a comment down below and if you haven't seen the reveal of the whole collection that I designed for Spell Banders here is a link to that video.


I was literally part of the team that opened this place some 10 years ago. It was dramatic to come in here post-construction, blow the sawdust off the table and get to work building the first broadcast for the channel. Even with all the experiences of that first year and being here 10 years later, everything we've done since, nothing compares to the tension-filled news period of that summer of 2014, all leading up to the ground invasion of Gaza. Day 7 of Israel Defense Force Operation Protective Edge. I was in the studio under rocket sirens, rocket attacks, where there'd be one person left the control room, me sitting there seeing the newsroom clearing out the corner of my eye and continuing to talk to the camera about the moment we were in. Real confronts Hamas in and around the Gaza Strip, we're joining me now on set. I've been exposed to the conflict for many years but something about that summer was just so much more unsettling than anything ever before, maybe something inside me knew that there was more coming. The big night came the night at the IDF ground invasion of Gaza. We were here until well after two in the morning covering that, exhausted. You know, I went home, I think it was by 7 a.m. already. The IDF was calling me, one of the mobile reserves here, sending them off to the war.  It was a wholly unique experience for me covering the war, telling the story to the international audience, covering those soldiers to the next day being one of those soldiers out there in the front lines. I mean truly it's given me perspective that I've carried with me here ever since on covering this conflict.


The next talk, we are saying hi to Leonhard, Boca who is going to talk to us about his research project, I think about the astronomy and the climate crisis. Have fun with Leo, but Leo is muted. I've just been told that people aren't hearing me. Yes, they can hear me now. Great. So let's hope that things will now work. So I want to talk today about astronomy and the climate crisis as announced. That's not really my research project. It's kind of my sideline research. So I would like to say first what I'm going to talk about. First of all, there is going to be an introduction, and I'm going to introduce myself and the topic. I will tell you how I got to get into this topic. And then there are a few items about the actual topic. So are there actually astronomical influence factors on the Earth's global climate that has been claimed? What is there with these claims? Then I'll give you a short introduction what the climate crisis actually is. But you will know this, but just as a reminder. And then the item, the main issue will be that there is no planet B as you frequently hear in rallies. That is actually an astronomical statement. What does that mean and what can astronomy contribute to solving the climate crisis? So for the last one or two years, I have been fairly active in this. Firstly, in reducing our own greenhouse emissions as astronomers, first to understand them and then to reduce them. And then to see what we can actually communicate, how we can communicate the message that there is no planet B, no Earth-like planet in a good way, hopefully leading to finally get some good, make people care well for this planet. So what does an astronomer actually do? People, when I tell them that I'm an astronomer, think that I go out at night and into the field with binoculars or a telescope and watch the stars. Yes, that is what astronomers did. But these days, we don't really work this way or quite rarely. In my career for about 10 years, I was out observing for seven or eight times, mostly in Chile, where you see me here next to the very large telescope as it's called, where you can spend a few nights observing and you can be lucky if you get one night or two there for once every one or two years. And then, of course, a lot of observing is done remotely. This is what that looks like for the computer friends among us. You can see that there are many computers involved. And of course, there is a large network and a lot of technology. And if you observe things such as this galaxy, one of the closest galaxy, about 13 million light years away. And that's what that looks like on a screen, highly complex panels with all kinds of information. So you see the state of a program that was running on the left, a very old programming language, tickle decay from the 80s. If any of you remember, it's not easy. It's very complex to program, but that's how much of the software works. And that shows me the state of an instrument and the results that you get are then processed live. So you can get an immediate impression whether it is what you're looking for. That is one part of my work. That's the research. But the largest part of my work is actually to get together a project for this new project, which will be the largest on earth called the extremely large telescope. As you see, as you remember, the Chile one is called very large telescope. The next one was to be called overwhelmingly large telescope. But now that is going to be the name extremely large telescope.  And you know this from the trilogy, a history of the earth, if you've read it. And there is another very nice Chinese science fiction. So Alpha Centauri A is the closest star and this probably has planets. And if they are in any way like the earth, so they have the similar albedo kind of a reflection index. That's what it would look like. There is a fairly conspicuous dot here and a fainter dot. And you could then see whether any of these is like the earth. And we'll talk about what we can do with that later. But first of all, we're going to talk about astronomical influences on the earth climate and what astronomy can contribute to solving the issues. So first of all, astronomical influences and some of you that have looked into astronomy may know that the sun is not equally active over time. It has cycles. There was a 22 cycle and this cycle of 22 years within this cycle, the magnetic field of the sun reverses. And because that is a process with two ends, you say you're half the time and you have an 11 year cycle in which the activity of the sun changes. You will see that this with these solar spots that you can observe using very dark glasses. You have to use very, very dark glasses. Otherwise your eyes will be permanently damaged. But it is possible to see these solar spots with the naked eye, but not right now if you have these glasses. So you have to wait another five years until they will be of return. So what does that have to do with the earth's climate? There were some researchers or pseudo researchers in the 70s and 80s that created a lot of noise about this. So we have a global temperature curve here that is slowly rising and below that the solar activity, the density of solar radiation, which led these people to say climate crisis, climate change is all about the sunlight changing. But if you look a bit further, you see that that was only a random correlation for a limited amount of time between 1920 and 1960 more or less. And after that, these curves diverged quite a lot. The temperature kept rising, as we know, more than one degree above the pre-industrial level. But solar activity goes up and down and doesn't really contribute to that. So this question can be quite clearly declined. Sun's activity is not responsible for the change in the earth's climate. And then there are the ice ages, of course, and there is a complex graph here that you may want to look at. But it's very insightful. First, let's look at the left. The x-axis shows you the age or the time in the past in kilo years. So the left hand slide is the present and the right hand part is 600,000 years ago. And the other graph is the concentration of an oxygen isotope, 18. Heavier than normal isotope, normal is 16. You find the 18 isotope in ice cores because the heavier oxygen tends to fall down. It has more mass. So it will accumulate in ice cores. And if you see this isotope rising, then that gives you information that more water was in the ice phase. And if you look at this so-called proxy across time, then you see that there are peaks about every 100,000 years. And that is, in fact, the information that you take to say that every roughly 100,000 years, there were ice ages. And the last one, as we know, ended about 20,000 years ago. And you can see that here at the right hand side. But if you look further back, you see that there is a regularity to that. And if you do a Fourier analysis and ask which frequencies are dominant here, you see that a cycle of 0.01 per kilo year, so 100 per kilo year, which means once per 100,000 years frequency, that is a repetitive pattern here. And people were wondering what that actually is. And we're looking at various astronomical factors. For example, the Earth's orbit eccentricity. So the non-roundedness, the non-circularity of the Earth's orbit, the Earth's orbit is an ellipsis, and the ellipsis changes somewhat. It kind of oscillates, not too very much. Then there is the actual tilt of the Earth's axis, the angle to the orbital plane. And that changes between these two values here, between about 22 and 24 and a half degrees. Then there is the perihelion procession, which is quite interesting for relativity theory, for relativity, because that showed us for the first time that there is something like relativity in the planet's movement in the solar system. And these movements could not be predicted completely by Newtonian mechanics. And then there is the orbital inclination, the frame of reference being here. Here is the plane in which the planets move. And that mainly is Jupiter as the heaviest planet. And the orbit is the orbit of one particular planet with respect to that. And the Earth's orbit is not exactly in this plane, but it is slightly inclined, a certain angle. And that changes. And again, you can look at those changes and plot them, the inclination over time. And you see that that is changing. You can run models on that. And the cycle is, this frequency is similar to the one that we found for the ice ages. Once everyone had 100,000 years. And that is the signal that tells us that the change of the orbital inclination, every 100,000 years, could actually be a major contributing factor for the ice ages. And an astronomer called Milankovic shortly after the First World War realized this. And the theory that we have is that within the ecliptic itself, there was a lot of dust from comets, asteroids and whatever from the time the solar system was created. And when Earth goes through this plane or spends its orbit in that plane, then there is a lot of dirt, roughly speaking. And that leads to a cooling and to volcanic eruptions and an ice age. That is the theory behind it. It's all theory for now. But it is a cycle that has an astronomical correlation, but it's a very long cycle, very slow one. If you compare this to the CO2 concentration that we see now, it's very clear that over these 100,000 years, the CO2 concentration changes. But what is happening right now at the zero point, it's an extreme peak. We're just coming out of the last ice age at this point. And suddenly we are at a level, at a normal level, about 280 parts per million in the air. That is the share of CO2 particles in the air. But that share has dramatically risen in the last, in recent days. It's about 300 and looks like 280 in the graph. But it's much stronger than it was in the last 100,000 years. And there was a nice graph by a physicist who is very good in making these statements succinct and to the point that's the XKCD comic. And you can see us starting 200,000 years in the past with the temperature then 22,000 years. So the temperature was about four degrees below what we have now. And by now we are by at one degree above. And if we don't do anything, we will be at two degrees above. So that is quite a difference. So a bit earlier 10,000 years before the present, we reached the temperature that we had. And it stayed quite constant over time. And now in the last few years, the rise is so extreme, so fast that that really is a climate crisis. So to summarize, the contributions to global warming, as I've said, solar contribution can be seen. But overall, the net contribution is not really there. And then there are other variables there. Volcanoes can have a contributing contribution there. They can lead to cooling. But the human contribution is by far the largest. So there's no way of saying that there are other reasons for that. But not everything is bleak and gray. This is from a website called the Climate Action Tracker, partly built by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Research, one of the leading research institutes on the climate. And they list what the national contributions that were agreed upon in the Paris Agreement to what extent they would help to reach, to limit warming to 1.5 degrees, which is what we want. And we see that at the moment, things seem to be working perfectly as we think we are about at about 2.1 degrees warming, which is not that bad. But it could be much worse. So to me, this means in particular that there is hope, but you really have to finally get active. Don't just exit from coal electricity production in 2038. But earlier, it can be done, but you really have to do it. So what can the astronomy do? So real problem. We cannot really do much about the big issues. But what can we contribute? And one thing we can do is reduce our own carbon emissions, because it's not that small. And the second thing is to report about what astronomy can report about these issues. So my colleagues in Heidelberg from the Max Planck Institute have calculated how many CO2 emissions they're producing. And you can see that half of all the emissions are due to flights taken by members of the institute. So electricity is another 30 of that. So electricity production can be made green, flights are much more complicated. You cannot simply go to the US or Australia by any other means. So per person, that's about nine tons for one year. And you can break that down per article published. And or as a German citizen, you can calculate how much emission you have per person. For example, 11 tons for a German citizen or 1.6 tons for an Indian. Other colleagues at the European Southern Observatory, they have calculated that most of their emissions come from electricity produced. And that is mainly due to the fact that the electricity is produced by burning fossil fuels. And the reason Chile has been picked in the first place is that in those places, there's almost always sunshine, very low humidity. But that means that during the day, the entire installation has to be cool. So it's cool enough at night to make the observations. And the third study I was involved myself in. And we looked specifically at flights for a conference. In 2019, we had a conference in Lyon. And we looked at who's producing most of the emissions. And we can see that most of the emissions come from a very small set of participants. And we can see how many people have made how many trips. And it wasn't that many trips, but a lot of emissions. Because a flight from Sydney to Lyon takes a lot more than, for example, from Amsterdam to Lyon. And of course, if you can move to trains, that makes it a lot better as well. So a solution needs to be found for long-haul flights. And so that has been reduced involuntarily through the pandemic. So the conference last year took place, but completely online. And so we had a comparison of what the emissions were. We can quickly look at that for the computer fans. So we asked around how intensely they took part of these about five and a half hours. And how much emissions the laptops produced by using electricity. And we took the average CO2 emissions per kilowatt hour. In Germany, that's a lot more. In France, it's a lot less. The network uses a lot of electricity. So the amount of CO2 needed for transferring one gigabyte is going down every year. So that's getting much more efficient. And we use Zoom as the video service. And the subject was that we were using a single server for that. So that wasn't a lot. So in total, for 1800 people, took together only as much CO2 as a single return flight from Liverpool to Lyon. So it's a factor of 3,000 less in CO2 usage for that conference. A very good example. It worked really well. We had discussion forums like here at Divock. And people enjoyed it a lot. And so it's easy to work together without having to travel that far. Finally, the second point. What can astronomy help do about climate change? And what perspective can it contribute? And communicate about things. And as an example, I took this wonderful picture that was taken by the crew of Apollo 8. They did not land on the moon. They just circled the moon before returning to Earth. And after going around the moon for the first time, they saw how beautifully the Earth was rising across the moon. So they were completely fascinated by the Earth rising. Very blue, a lot of water, and just black around it. This view towards Earth, very special. So our planet is kind of a spaceship itself. Much more intense impression for this view we get from this later image called pale blue dot. Depending on the video quality you might see this very small dot, 0.2 pixels, that is Earth as seen from Voyager 1 beyond the orbit of Neptune. And this probe was turned around to look back, not looking forward, but looking back to Earth and take a picture not just from Earth, but of the entire planetary system. And this was very risky because turning the probe around meant that the antenna would point away from Earth for taking this picture. And so they had to write a program that would turn the probe, take the picture, then turn it back around to have the antenna point back to Earth. And that of course worked. It's still working. It's still delivering data and it has delivered data from beyond what is considered the border of the solar system. And this image is really a wow moment for many, many people. This one little pixel makes it very clear that this is the only place in the universe we have. And if we look towards exoplanets, we already over 4,000 planets have been discovered outside of our solar system. And none of those discovered so far do we know that it's like Earth. We know not of a single one that has liquid water on it. So we don't know that yet. And even if we knew it existed, we couldn't travel there. We could build a spaceship that could travel there over hundreds or thousands of years, but it's not a plan to save Earth. And that also applies to plans of very self-convinced entrepreneurs like Elon Musk. So what else can astronomy do for us? So when it's dark, we can see lots of stars. And of course, that is extremely fascinating. We can see the Milky Way is taken from Chile and the laser is pointing at the black hole in the center of the galaxy. And it's the understanding that the incredible distances, thousands of light years, they're so immense that if we were looked back to Earth from there, it would be impossible to spot. So there is no other option. We cannot go anywhere else. So if we take a further look, a wider look, we see a huge number of galaxies like our own. And in our galaxy, we have about 200 billion stars. And we have about 200 billion galaxies in the universe that we can observe. But in the area we can observe with the limits of light speed and everything. So on average, we have 200 billion galaxies, which each have 200 billion stars. So hopefully we can get in touch with other civilizations. But that's not anytime soon. And we shouldn't get distracted from the problems we have here today on Earth. Okay, that's it. I started a bit late, but here I have 10 minutes left. I had planned for half an hour. So we figured we give you a bit of time to not stress you out. And we can tell the viewers that the question pad is open. And you can find it in the Faplan in the schedule. If you look at the details of the talk, there is a link in the description to this question pad. So let me give you a quick summary then. And having a nice discussion might be nicer than just talking at the black screen. So the most important thing is really about my talk. There are astronomical influences on our climate, the changes in the inclination relative to the ecliptic. So probably it is the source of the about 100,000 year cycle for the ice ages. But it has nothing to do with the situation we find ourselves in right now. And also changes in the sun are not affecting our climate like we're seeing right now. All of that is really caused by our own behavior. What's really important is we are seeing this unbelievably fast change in the CO2 levels in the atmosphere. The humanity will not end, but our civilization might be. So if there's not enough drinking water, it gets too hot, the sea level rises, that will change the way we can live a lot. So what can astronomers do about that? But we can be critical of our own behavior, our own CO2 usage, and there is a lot of places that are far away from Europe or the northern hemisphere in general. So in those places, green energy use is not very advanced and moving away from fossil energy sources is a big thing. And the big thing, of course, for us is to allow people to better understand the fascination and take a look from the cosmic perspective as the small marvel that the Earth is a very special place. We know of no other place like it in the universe and we really have to work on this together to work on this problem. Because it's the only one we have. Okay, so that's about the end of the about 30 minutes and I'm very happy to start the discussion and over to the herald. Thank you very much. That was an unbelievably interesting talk and seeing all these great examples that you've put together and we are getting some questions and also notes and here's a little reminder. There is a self-organized session after this where you can continue the discussion. So while people are still writing questions into the pad, when you started working in astronomy, did you ever envision that you would talk about the climate? No, definitely not. Absolutely the opposite. One of the big things for me really was to be able to travel. That was one of the reasons I thought astronomy might be a nice field to work in. So during education you get a lot of opportunities to travel to all kinds of places in a very international environment and since living in the Netherlands for the past four years with my family and okay, am I going to buy a house here? So being able to travel was a big thing and yeah, we did buy the house. It's really a problem that it's a problem that will increase significantly in the next couple of decades and I only realized that in the past couple years and I talked about it with my colleagues, mostly women who are very active to work against the climate change. Somebody writes in the pad, you are producing a lot of enviable optimism. I had the same thought during your talk. Are you seeing chances that starting from the science community with the conferences, etc, can we manage to make that change? Thank you for that comment as well. I think from the scientific perspective we can show a lot. We can be an example and can show how international cooperation can work without having to travel all the time. So everybody has seen that during the past year and astronomy is a particularly international field. We work together with pretty much people from all over the world, Brazil, Chile, the US, Europe and being able to do that online and having the tools to do that, that helps a lot. Two weeks ago, I was part of a conference that happened in a virtual reality system. I got an Oculus Rift and had to use Facebook for that but it was very interesting and lots of things were possible and I think it will become more and more normal to do these kinds of things. Towards optimism, I want to say I hope I'm not blindly optimistic and I often see it in very dark colors and how the rainforests are torn down and how slowly the exit from coal power plants is happening in Germany and I see all that and I'm very angry and sad about it and that politicians are not thinking far enough but despite all these developments a lot has happened in the past six years since the Paris Agreement. Not enough yet but the Climate Action Tracker is showing that very well and it's going in the right direction and I'm hoping that this is not a linear development where things are getting better linearly step by step but that what I think that the problems are going to be more visible and that we can increase the speed of change for example by the increase in solar panels installed and I'm really hoping that we get to the point hopefully in the next few years. Okay, now we have to do it. It's economically viable and do the change for real and that we can increase taxes on for example coal power plants so they become uneconomical and can be shut down. That sounds like a very sensible vision of the future and I hope we can work on that all together. So we have no more questions in the pad or are waiting for the session to talk to you directly and somebody is writing into the pad. One more thing, we'll wait quickly for that. So if you had a wish free what would it be? One more wish. So I got a similar question. So who would you like to talk to if you could choose freely and I said I want to talk to Chancellor Angela Merkel. She's a physicist. She knows all this but she's not doing enough despite clearly knowing all this and I would really wish she would in the last month of her tenure she would make some real decisions and shut down the coal power plants by 2025 for example. Excellent, fantastic wish. If I had the possibility I would try to do that immediately. The one question that was added it's slightly off topic but also very fitting. So as a chosen Dutch person are you riding bikes a lot? So my family and I have ridden bikes a lot in the past and of course we are riding more bikes. For three years ago we actually sold our car and here in the Netherlands you don't really need a car. You can use a buckfeet, a bike with a basket in front. So I don't think we're using bikes a lot or more than others but just the normal amount that is very usual here in the Netherlands and it's absolutely normal here. Not everybody does it. There are people who drive their kids to school in a car but at the same time we ride bikes a lot more. Yeah maybe if I had a second wish free what value real bike lanes have so that is a very good thing. Yeah it would help. Yeah people who don't like to ride bikes in cities because like me had an almost bad accident. So one question I'll take with us with a short answer. How do you feel about civil disobedience as a form of political protest? Paint your own bicycle lanes? Why not? Yeah they have to be safe. So maybe it's probably something like extinction rebellion which who I have worked with in the past. So to a certain extent we need a certain amount of civil disobedience to wake people up. Extinction rebellion has done demonstrations and actions at the airport in Amsterdam's couple the largest airport in Europe and they did a die-in and that created a lot of a lot of media attention especially if the police are overreacting to that so that's helpful and of course you have to make sure that the activists themselves are safe but I think it's really important to get media attention it has to be represented in the media much more. Okay let's take that as the final word Leo thank you I hope we see more of you soon


Welcome traders to another Tick-Mail earnings report preview with me Patrick Munnery. Before we jump into today's report, it's important that we are here to the risk disclaimer. The material provided is for information purposes only and should not be considered as investment advice. The views, information and opinions expressed by me in this recording are solely mine and they're not indicative or representative of those held by Tick-Mail UK or Tick-Mail Europe Limited. So let's get going here. Today we are looking at Exxon who report before the New York Open today. We are looking for an earnings per share of $2.11 on revenue of $2.7 billion. I would say there is a whisper number out there as high as $2.35 for the earnings per share. The consensus earnings per share estimate for the quarter has been revised 35.9.3% higher over the last 30 days to the current level. This is essentially a reflection of how the analysts covering the stock have collectively reassessed their estimates over this period. Street expects a year-over-year increase in earnings on higher revenues when Exxon reports today. Exxon has stated that first quarter results could top a seven-year quarterly record. With operating profits from pumping oil and gas alone up to $9.3 billion. Snapshot of the largest U.S. oil company's quarter-ended, March 31st showed operating profits from oil and gas. Its biggest unit could jump by as much as $2.7 billion over the prior quarter, $6.6 billion. Exxon does not hedge or lock-in oil sales and results generally match changes in energy prices. Russia's invasion of Ukraine pushed up oil by 45% last quarter over the final period of 2021 to an average of $140 per barrel the highest in seven years. Blockbuster oil and gas profits offer a preview of what lies ahead for other firms' oil earnings. Such results could strengthen calls by U.S. and European lawmakers for windfall profit taxes on energy companies. Final results could be dampened by impairments to Exxon's Russia operations. Last month said it would phase out of Russia following the invasion of Ukraine. The oil company has $4 billion in assets at risk to potential seizure and faces a 1-2% hit to production and revenue from such a move. Let's take a look at the statistical trading patterns around Exxon releases. Stock has moved lower in the immediate aftermath of earnings 7 out of 12 previous reports. On average, the stock moved down 0.7% in the first day of trading after the company reported earnings. Based on the previous 12 earnings releases, Exxon is more likely to trade higher one day after earnings for an average of 1.2% gain. Stock has moved higher one week after earnings 10 out of 12 previous reports for an average gain of 2.8%. In terms of what we're pricing in movement around the release, Exxon's traders are pricing a 2.8% move on earnings and the stock has averaged a 2.7% move in recent quarters. From the flow and sentiment perspective, there's been some notable buy in 5,237 contracts of the $85 call expiring Friday, June 17th. Optional to flow in general has been somewhat bearish. Investor sentiment going into the company's earnings release has 77% expecting an earnings beat. Exxon's share price has drifted up 5.9% post earnings announcement using the last 12 quarters of data. The average drift between earnings announcements is 4.5% to the upside. So let's take a look now at the technical setup and see whether there could be some potential trading opportunities in the stock. You can see quite clearly here we've had a strong and positive move to the upside and we are currently consolidating in a triangle pattern on the daily time frame. So I'm looking for any closing breach of this triangle to the upside to engage on the long side. Initially, we target move up to the 127 extension of the triangle consolidation. So that takes up to $95.72. Any pullback is there. Ideally, it will be contained by the prior high, 91.40s, but certainly I'd be risk free by the time we trade at that 127 extension. And then I'd look to target and move up to the 161 extension of the consolidation, which takes up to just over $100. At this stage, really, it would take the closing breach below the 79.40 to suggest a failed extension to the upside and a return back to test monthly range support down to this just below $75. As always, traders, plan the trade, trade the plan, and most importantly, manage your risk. Until next time, thanks very much.