Good afternoon guys, thanks for having me. I've been a long couple of days, but I'm fired up. All right, so how do you feel now? Give us the where you're at now. Yesterday we had a great conversation. You guys were fantastic. You and Ping announced the big data phone, made a great chat. What's transpired in the past 24 hours? You've probably had many conversations with customers, partners, people in the trenches. What's happened with you? What has struck me most is this conference has been a great one for us at Cloudera. Lots of wonderful customer, partner, ecosystem conversations. But what's most striking to me is the number of times I'm hearing that from everybody.  You've learned some stuff. You've made some relationships. The conference has been tremendous for bringing us all into one place, allowing us to get to know one another better, and to look forward and find new ways to work together. Cloudera's been great, but I think for the entire ecosystem. We were just talking about that. You made a comment from the blog, this is Cloudera's show, and actually it's Hadoop World, not Cloudera World. Let me say clearly, we've never intended that this should be a Cloudera customer conference. Yes, we stage it. There was no one doing this when we started it for business users, particularly on the East Coast. It's grown into something that we think is important and good for the industry. Much of the way that VMworld or the RSA security show are really industry shows, we think we've got something here that is going to be important for anybody working in the big data space. Both of those started as practitioner shows, and that's the feel here. Indeed. We were just talking with our bloggers too about who's doing the best marketing. As you know, we're focusing on who's marketing well and PRing well and executing well, and we talked with Kirk about that. But one of the comments I made is that the wild card on all this, you can pour a pile of money gasoline into marketing, but in open source, the community matters, being present. And what's interesting about this show, our observation is that this is the people building the industry. And so that matters. And it's because it's open source, participation matters. So you can't just throw money at marketing and not be present. No, indeed. I mean, the way that you participate here is you bring the code. Fundamentally, that's what you do. You help build the platform.  If you're merely sitting on the side, writing white papers and pontificating, you're ignored, right? You need to be involved in building the goodness that the industry needs. Bring your own code. Exactly right. Bring your own code. So my name is Dave Chopin, I ask a question. What have you learned? Because, you know, the show's been fantastic, but what did you learn from the conversations you've had? After your keynote, you had a lot of conversations. What are you taking away from the show? Well, when we did this last year, I think we all wondered, is Hadoop real? Is this going to happen? I don't think that question is out there anymore. I think that the enthusiasm, the level of involvement from large established players, hardware vendors, big major software providers, absolutely demonstrates that that's the case. And so we believed that before, but boy, the lesson's been driven home. In addition, I think we were already excited about the pace of innovation, the new applications, the new approaches to data analysis, not just on Hadoop but surrounding it. But the chance to sit down and talk in detail with people building this stuff, it is going to be a really exciting five years in this industry. There are some tremendous ideas that are just getting started right now that I think are going to change the way we look at medicine and at finance and at domains that matter a great deal to us as citizens, as humans, as well as business. You know, you brought that up in the keynote, and not a lot of people picked up on it, but I made a comment today.  But you said something that was really compelling, change society. And if you think about it, I mean, it's not like a Kumbaya message. This is a real impact that big data is happening. And I think that's very noble of you to bring that up because it wasn't just a soundbite that you really mean that. Can you expand a little bit more on how we're going to change society? Look, I've got shareholders, and I've got payroll to make, and I care about turning a profit. And we work very hard to put together a product that we can sell to people. But all by itself, that doesn't get you out of bed in the morning. You know, I talked a little bit about medicine. I mean, the ability now to bring enormous data sets together, genomic and molecular data, to discover how molecules might behave differently in different metabolic pathways to find meaningful treatments for disease that were previously just unaddressable. I'm not going to do that. But this platform enables that kind of application. And it's really cool to talk to the people who are building applications like that, who are discovering where the really seriously bad guys are overseas and what they might be planning next so that we can interfere before those bad things happen. Access to information, access to data, the tools to discover those facts in all of the bits, that's pretty cool. That's a lot of fun. Sound bites we've had on theCUBE, they've been notable this week, or yesterday. One of them today actually was, you know, people are getting it. They're like, oh, I finally get it. And Kirk was mentioning, you guys are talking about the data-driven enterprise. Enterprises are kind of slow, you know? We know they adopt and then, you know, they try to understand it. How many I finally got at Conversations have you had this week? Are they still beyond that? No, you know, it's not a fair sample set, right? I mean, we have 1,400 people here who paid pretty serious money to shove, not just registering for Hadoop, but man, I made people get hotel rooms in New York City, right? Runs into some money. The people who are here are here because they have gotten it, and gotten it in a big way. In fact, one of the stats I cited in my keyword, three quarters, in my keynote rather, three quarters of the people at this conference are already running Hadoop, right? The rest are here. They're curious. They want to know more, but they self-selected to have gotten it. That's what I was saying. It's really a practitioner show at its roots, but you're not done yet. You've got another event tomorrow, a partner meeting. Indeed. And that's the other thing to me, John. The big thing that I saw is the maturity of the ecosystem. It's like a vegetable garden.  You've got to cultivate it. You've got to take care of it. What are the key themes and messages you're going to discuss with your partners tomorrow? Well, I'm going to repeat what I talked about in the keynote that I did. This platform's adoption demands applications that are accessible to ordinary mortals, right? I mean, the ability to use Java developers well is not going to set Hadoop practitioners apart, right? Shrink-rapped applications aimed at business users, higher-level developer interfaces and tooling. That stuff will make Hadoop consumable. We are doing all we can to promote it. In fact, you know, the conversation we had with Ping yesterday about the big data fund, about availability of resources, capital and people and relationships to drive those businesses and those ideas forward, I think that's the most important trend. That is what we'll define the next 12 months in this space. So they, I think, and I agree with that, they also want to hear about what your intentions are. They want you to be transparent, how you're going to make money, where they can play, that it's safe. Can you address those factors? Yeah, you know, I think it's clear to anybody who's known Cloud Era for a while. We are deep believers in open-source software. We are substantial contributors to the Apache projects that we bundle and distribute. And that's not because we're hippies or because we've got some political or religious conviction. We are, but... It's because open-source... Open-source has an unfair advantage, right? The platform gets better faster because of the 500 developers working for many organizations around the world. I can't cover all that payroll, but if we share the load across a whole bunch of companies, the platform gets better faster. And I don't have to fund all of it. So we must contribute meaningfully. We absolutely do. We help solve the problems in the platform that our customers care the most about, but many others are doing that as well. So we're deeply committed to that open-source platform. If it's about data storage, if it's about data analysis, it's in the platform, right? Of course, I've got shareholders. Of course, I've got to make a payroll. So I've got to find a way to turn a profit. Running these clusters in production is hard. And some of the best web properties on the planet have spent a lot of money doing it. So Facebook and Yahoo and many others have large staffs of deep computer scientists. We believe that better tooling is required. We believe that's a place we set ourselves apart. We've got a great product suite aimed at precisely that problem. Cloudera is, very much wants to be long-term, a product company, and a great one. We need wonderful product. We need tremendous services, and that's what we're investing in. But we will not. We cannot lose sight of the fact that this platform was created by the community, that the community is the engine of innovation here, and working together with the global developer group that contributes to Hadoop and surrounding projects is the way to keep making it better. All right. So, Mike Olson, the CEO of Cloudera, here at Hadoop World, where the industry is gathering. What's next beyond after the show? Take a deep breath. What's next? Looking to next year, obviously massive growth. My prediction was 10,000 registrations next year. Three days. Five days. You could have to take a step back and look at this, and, as I say, stand from the balcony and look down, and wow, what's happening. Well, you know, this is a data-driven industry, right? So I really hope that everybody took my instructions to heart and has filled out their feedback forms. We used the survey results from the last conference to plan this one, and I think this is a vastly better conference as a result. So we want to crowdsource it again. We want to learn what people liked, what they didn't like. My bet, five tracks, probably too many. You had to not go to too many talks you cared about. Now, look, they're all going to be up on the web eventually, but you wanted to get to them today so that you could have the after-conversation with the speaker in the hallway, and there was maybe a little too much parallelism for that. But we just had so much great content. It was packed house. I mean, the feedback on the sessions were, I mean, the H-based session was jam-packed. I mean, intro to H-based. Some of these talks you walked into, and it smelled like a locker room. There were so many bodies in it. It smells like a developer shop. So we'll need to think about that. You know, candidly, we need to think about venue. We're about as big as you can get and run this at a hotel in New York right now. So maybe it's a bigger venue here. Maybe it's another location in another city. But I do think you're right. I think next year's is substantially bigger than this year's. And we got to figure out how we're going to make that comfortable for a whole lot of people. Well, thanks for your support here at theCUBE. Always great to have you on theCUBE. Cube alumni have had you on. We've been in your office and thanks for all your support and congratulations on all the funding, success. I feel proud that we're growing with you. Obviously not as big in valuation, but we're growing because of you guys and the Duke and the community. So it's been a real... Still at an angle, I love what you guys have been doing. Clearly the access to you, to the channel you represent has been great for us. And I'll say as well, I'm really excited about some of the educational missions you're taking on now. So great to see the vision expand with the technology with the access to a pretty big audience. That's really great guys. Thanks Mike. Thanks so much guys. All right. Mike Olson.


Felly, rydw i'n meddwl Alexandra i chi'n gweithio i gweithio'r gwaith o'r dweud o'r ddoeithio yma y ddweud y ddoeithio ysgrifennu Ffrasilwr, i'w ddweud y ddweud o'r ddweud i eu gwirio yn yw'r ddweud o ddweud yma.  Roedd yn siŵrio ar y cynyddiadau ymmerchol yn eisiau ymddiogol.. ..yni i gael y gweithi piwyr. Roedd ymddir wir i'r metall Alexander yn i wneud. Roedd ei wneud29r oaf bod yn modd unrhywbeth yn y siŵr. Alexander wedi ysgawr ymddir o'r ysgawr ysgawr Ddiog Luckywyr.. ..a'r Ffarn-sgwrdd ymmerchu. Mae'r cyfnod yn ei wneud o'r brosweith yng Nghymru a'r ffarnio ac yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrcholol yng Nghymru. Mae'r cyfnod yn ymgyrch, mae'r cyfnod yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, mae'r cyfnod yn ei wneud, ac mae'n cael ei wneud o'r cyfnod yn ymgyrch. Mae'n fawr, ac mae'n fawr i'r gweithio yng Nghymru. Yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, mae'n gweithio'n gwybod i'r ffordd yma, a mae com fascinating studio 선 ymarfer sydd ei addyn nhw yw ym krymol. Rwy'n addyn nhw'n gweithio, ac mae Dflodi fascinating studio Parece. Yn 1985, ac yn gennym Cymysgwatergol, sy'n ddim ar y cyfnod and it, an interactive and interesting conversation. So, just two days ago, last Sunday took place what we could call a political earthquake in Paris, because for the first time since the creation of the Fifth Republic, the two main political mainstream parties have not made it to the Second Round. The first time that the right centre would have been re-baptised by the Republicans has not made it to the second round. You end up with a very close result just to remind you of the numbers. The front-runner Emmanuel Macron, who is not attached to any political party, but in fact created his own political movement in March one year ago, did a bit more than 24% than Marine Le Pen, 21.3%, which represents around 7.7 million voters. So that's huge because now everyone is focused on Macron, but let us not forget that this is a historical score for the Front National. It's extremely high. François Fillon, the centre-right candidate, 20%, Mélenchon 19.58%, and then Benoit Hamon from the Socialist Party, so the party of François Hollande, the current president, 6.3%. So you basically had four candidates that ended up being extremely close, and that's also I would say quite unique, I would say result for a French presidential campaign. What is also quite unique is that between Mélenchon, the far left, radical left, and Emmanuel Macron, you can see that they both created their political movement just one year ago, la France insoumise for Mélenchon and En Marche for Emmanuel Macron. Why is this a political earthquake? Because you end up having a situation where both the Socialist and the centre-right parties are totally fragmented today with very diverging visions of what the party should do and the politics and the policies to follow. And so now they have to engage in a rebuilding process, and this is not going to be easy at all. And to a certain extent we can say that Jean-Luc Mélenchon from the far left is trying to self-portray himself as the new leader of the divided Socialist Party. So that's where I would say the very immediate reaction. And what you can probably see is that these four candidates that I just quoted, Macron, Le Pen, Fillon, Mélenchon, have already reshaped the French political landscape. And as you know, and I usually repeat that a lot, especially when I travel to Washington, because it's difficult also to understand the specificity of the French political system. This is not just a presidential election. You have to look at the French presidential election as a four-round election, because after May the 7th we will have two rounds for the legislative elections on June 11 and June 18. And if the elected presidents, either Macron or Marine Le Pen, do not succeed to have a majority at the parliament, they will be very much constrained in terms of what they can actually do and implement in terms of their programme, both domestically but also in terms of foreign and security policies. So this is really something that we have to be very careful about. And Macron now is actively engaged as he has just created his movement. It's really a very recent movement one year ago. He has now to build in a few days a new majority at the parliament. And this is going to be a big challenge for him. The second takeaway that I take from these elections is that this is the first time also that the French presidential campaign takes place under the so-called state of emergency. You might have followed these certain amount of anxiety within which these elections have taken place. The latest terrorist attacks on the Champs-Élysées and other terrorist attacks that have been avoided and prevented. But also it's interesting to see how these terrorist attacks attempts or the one that took place under Champs-Élysées has not changed that much the final result. And in fact, I mean Marine Le Pen can be very happy to be in the second round, but you can also sense a big amount of disappointment that she didn't end up being the front runner. So to say what could get Marine Le Pen elected next May 7 terrorist attack, I don't think so. I don't think so and it didn't help her at all in the first round. What could actually help her is a low turnout, that's for sure. But again the first round showed that the turnout has been much higher than what had been predicted and I would predict a much higher turnout for the second round than what we are currently talking about. So I'm not particularly concerned about that. So that I would say is for the particularity of this presidential campaign. The discussions, the debates, the divides have not been between the right and the left and the programs that they promote. It has really been a lot about pro-Europe, anti-Europe, pro-globalisation, anti-globalisation. But also to a certain extent we could compare that to the US elections, a urban rural divide. And if you take for example the map of how the voters actually voted, it's really striking to see how this divide has been reinforcing and deepening these last years. Basically the big urban cities have voted massively for Macron and for Fillon as well. And the map next to it is Marine Le Pen map. You can see that the north-east and the south regions have massively voted for Marine Le Pen. Then when you look at who voted for who, it's extremely interesting. Macron has the most balanced, I would say electorate. So he is the one who has taken the most votes from the intellectuals, from high-ranking people working in companies. To a lesser extent, employees, workers and employers, actually people without jobs have voted almost 18% for him. Marine Le Pen, it's very clear she has succeeded her normalisation strategy and she has also succeeded to take a large part of the traditional far-left electorate. For example, workers have voted almost 40% for her, employees 30% and people without jobs almost 30%. But then in the higher categories, people have voted much less for her. And so this tells you a lot also about, I would say, the result from this election. So what you're going to have in between the two rounds is now a battle of visions. A battle of completely opposite visions. You could not have had more opposite visions than Le Pen and Macron. They both portrayed themselves as political outsiders. In fact they are not, that's a total myth. Macron is a pure product of the classic curriculum of a political elite in school. He has been François Hollande's economic advisor, then economy minister. And Marine Le Pen has been in politics for an hour, several decades and even more through her father, Jean-Marie Le Pen. They both portrayed themselves as, as they say, the alternative of the alternance, the alternative to the right and the left. They both expressed their satisfaction with the current political status quo. But in fact they defend radically different visions for French society, French economy, France's role in Europe and France's role in the world. But also a relationship vis-à-vis Russia and the United States. We can get more into the details in the discussion part. I would say basically now Macron's challenge is going to be to show that he is not going to be a president of this expression that is often used when talking about Macron of Hollande's mobis. Of a second mandate for president Hollande. And that's a challenge for him. In fact as you've seen Hollande himself yesterday just said that he was supporting Emmanuel Macron. Well he cannot really do otherwise. The country would have been surprising. All of the traditional socialist figures are supporting him very visibly and tangibly. And that's going to be difficult for him. He will have to try to show that he can surround himself with new faces. He has deployed a strategy actually in the different departments in the country in terms of the legislative elections. Putting the focus on encouraging people from civil society, from the private sector. Much more women, much more younger people to join his movement. So that's something he has been really putting the focus on. And he really has to show that he has in fact an alternative vision for French politics. And an alternative vision for France's role in Europe. And in the world at a time where the current French president François Hollande's popularity rate has declined to 4%. Which is really historically extremely low. So what you are seeing now is people from the right, from the left, from the center rallying around Emmanuel Macron. You have the same scenario than we had in 2002 when you had Chirac and Jean-Marie Le Pen, what we call le fron républicain. This sort of rallying around the flag of different parties to block the scenario of having the far right reaching the Elysée. The scenarios right now that we see happening is that Macron obviously has very high chances of becoming the next French president. If so he would be the youngest president in the entire French political history, 39 years old. He still has a lot of experience to build especially in terms of foreign policy. But I think that he represents because also of his youth, of his optimism. He's the only one actually to have conducted an optimistic campaign on optimistic pro-European outward looking vision of what France should be in Europe and in the world. He has attracted a lot of young voters and a lot of voters who have been hesitating between the center right and center left. And because of his discourse, neither left, neither right, I want to federate all those who believe in the idea of the center has worked. And his campaign has been to that extent exceptional. And to the same extent that Jean-Luc Mélenchon's on the far left campaign has been exceptional as well. What does it mean in terms of the, I would say, foreign policy issues? The European and Macron would be very different presidents in terms of their vision for France in Europe and the world. What has been interesting with this campaign in particular is that because of the international context, Brexit, Trump's election, it has been striking to me how foreign policy has been much more present in this campaign than in any other campaign. And has to a certain extent forced the different candidates to position themselves on foreign policy issues. The number one issue being Trump at least at the beginning of the campaign. And there you have a very different, I would say, perspective when you look at Le Pen and Macron. Macron has, I would say, a traditional approach to the U.S.-French and I would say more broadly transatlantic relationship. He said several times that he believes that a strong French U.S. relationship is important and especially in terms of cooperation and intelligence sharing in fighting terrorism. And this obviously will be, if I can say, business as usual compared to the previous Hollande presidency. But he has also been the only actually candidate to have vocally opposed Trump on many of his policies and decisions. The immigration ban, his protectionist policies. And he has actually invited U.S. scientists, academics, entrepreneurs who are at odds with Trump to actually move to France. Just like he did so with the British who do not agree with Brexit. And he said in his pro-business approach, and that is probably something new that he would bring to French politics, is this pro-business approach. He has, you know, approached a Brexit in a very pragmatic way and say, hey, well, you know, France is open. We're very happy to welcome you. So I would say, you know, Macron, because he is young and he would be the youngest leader I've probably in the world could bring a new energy, a positive energy at a time where the far-right nationalist parties or leaders are making gains across Europe but also in the United States. He could prove what he says that France is a, he says, contrarian to show that this wave actually is stopping in France and with his election as the new French president. And so he could potentially become an interesting challenger for the Trump administration in terms of proposing and opposing a different vision, including on climate change. He has several times said that Trump's vision on climate change was not a responsible one and that it was France's role, especially as the country that had hosted the climate change conference and who played a key role in having this final agreement to, I quote him, to bring back Trump in the western block and in the camp of human rights and progress. So that could be, I would say, an interesting, I would say, addition in the transatlantic relationship. Le Pen is stuck in a complicated situation. Le Front National is traditionally, as you know, anti-American, anti-nato. We don't want to receive orders from the United States. In fact, Front National doesn't want to receive orders or to be dependent on anyone, either Germany or Brussels and even less Washington. Trump has kind of changed that a little. She celebrated Trump's election, celebrated his first executive order, the immigration ban, that she would definitely would want to implement in the French version if she got elected as president. But she doesn't agree at all with his foreign policy decisions, the strikes in Syria, the military escalation vis-à-vis North Korea. And she very bluntly say, I don't understand why Trump is contradicting his America first policy and suddenly getting back to the world's policeman role. So she's kind of stuck in a contradiction there and that's going to be a little complicated for her to manage. Then comes obviously Russia, the relationship with Russia. Macron was actually the only candidate to not take a pro-Russian position. If you look at Fillon, if you look at Le Pen, Mélenchon, you realize that he was pretty much isolated when it came to the relationship with Russia. His position is very classic. It would be business as usual as well, which is open dialogue with Russia on key issues, yet stay firm on the sanction and on the implementation of the Minsk agreement. Le Pen is totally at the opposite. She went to visit Putin a few weeks ago. She has a very pro-Russian vision of the world and in fact the link between her campaign and Russia are quite real. And it's interesting to see who in the world supports Le Pen. It's basically at least in a vocal way two major leaders. It's Trump who has not been hiding in his tweets that he supports Marine Le Pen and it's Putin. Just having these two foreign supports tells you a lot about the international vision that Le Pen has of the world. If you look at Macron, it's all over the place. All of the EU Brussels leaders have applauded Macron's victory in the first round as the front-runner. Angela Merkel, the German newspapers, if they could vote, they would vote for Macron. So you have different supports coming from different parts of the world but it tells you a lot about, I would say, the vision that these two candidates Le Pen and Macron have of the world. This leads me to Europe and the German-French relationship. Macron is really a convinced European, that's for sure. Everything he's been doing as the economy minister has always put a very strong focus on Europe but also on the French-German relationship. He believes in the interdependence between both countries. Germany obviously needs France to help keep the eurozone together and outreach to the southern countries but also to project military power in the south and to make Europe self-sufficient in defence. In fact, Germany has evolved in that domain, training Perchmerga in Iraq and supporting France militarily in Mali. So there has been some evolution, some rapprochement on the security defence domain from the part of Germany towards French leading role on this issue. And vice versa, Paris obviously needs Germany to relax its stance on deficit, to start consuming more and to move towards further eurozone integration. And so the idea of Macron is in fact to first, as all presidents have tried to do before him, implement the structural urgent reforms that France needs economically, especially in terms of the labour market, in terms of the fiscal policy, in terms also of the working hours. And there he has an interesting position. We can get into more details in the conversation. So that France could rise in this bilateral relationship as a more balanced partner. And his idea is to really build what he calls a co-leadership between France and Germany in Europe and get out of this asymmetric relationship. This obviously will not happen tomorrow but will take time. But this is something that he's really convinced about. Marine Le Pen is the totally opposite. She believes that Germany is imposing its vision to France and that we shouldn't be taking lessons from either Berlin or Brussels. And in terms of the Brexit debate, as you know she celebrated the Brexit decision as a liberation of the British from the EU institutions and bureaucracy. She has nuanced her discourse throughout the campaign and now her idea, at least for now, has stopped to the fact that she would very quickly, if she gets elected, do a referendum on whether the French people want to remain or exit the EU. And if the French wish to remain, she will take that into account and will not start the process of exiting the EU. She would, however, would want to push for reforms within the EU institutions. But that's not, I would say, really new. Even Macron or even the candidate Fillon have all included in their programs the necessity for EU institutions to be reformed. So she has nuanced her discourse and let us not forget, as I said at the beginning, that if she doesn't have a majority and she will not have a majority in the parliament, she will actually not be able to implement this program. So she will be stuck anyway and her powers will be completely constrained in terms of the decisions she can take in terms of the EU. And on that specific topic, recent polls show that her idea of Brexit is in complete contradiction with what the French people want. French people feel European. Part of Europe, yes, we need to reform European institutions the way it's working and try to bring more coherence in terms of fiscal policy, in terms of managing the refugee crisis, in terms of managing terrorism across Europe. But the French do not want to exit the EU. So she will probably be stuck in that sort of contradiction and probably the May 3 debate where she will confront Macron will probably highlight the contradictions, especially when it comes to her policy, the Euro, the EU, but also NATO, because she obviously would want to get out of the NATO military structures. So to, I would say basically conclude, I started with Trump, the transatlantic relations, Russia, Europe, UK, Germany. I would end up by saying that someone like Macron obviously would be much more a president of continuity. There is not going to be huge surprises even though his campaign book called Revolution is about bringing revolution in the way politics is made and in terms of the vision of France will be outlined in Europe and the international scene. It is obvious that it will be a lot about continuity with Hollande's presidency. He will probably add a more pro-business approach. He will probably try to move into what he tried to implement as the economy minister of Hollande in terms of the, I would say, implementing a sort of Nordic style, a Scandinavian style model of economy by bringing more flexibility into the labour market by allowing companies to decide about the working hours. We have this 35-hours weekly working hours, which is obviously a problem for French growth and economic model, so he would want to reform that. So, you know, as I say to summarize it, Macron is a gamble, a political gamble, and I think that the vote that people put for him in the first round, they were gambling on the fact that he was a young candidate and that he would probably bring a new energy for France. Le Pen, obviously, is a danger, a danger for France, for Europe and the world, that's for sure, and obviously the May 3 debate will be probably extremely decisive in terms of understanding their visions and their opposite visions for France in Europe and in the world. I'll end up because I am the director for a transatlantic think tank in Paris with what I thought was really interesting, a general, Jim Mattis' recent visit in the Sahel just a few days ago, the US Secretary of Defence, asking, calling for the next French president to continue France's economy. It's a commitment to fighting terrorism in the region. I quote him. He said, I have no doubt that the French will continue to make their own decisions and their own best interests and that the terrorists will not enjoy these decisions. So it's interesting to see that from the part of the Trump administration there is a lot of concern about what is going to be the outcome of the French presidential election, but there is also a desire for stability and continuity when it comes especially to cooperation in terms of fighting terrorism in the Sahel. There is a lot of concern in Europe as well. Germany has been the most worried country watching, looking at the French presidential elections. A few of my German colleagues said, nous sommes tous français. We are all French and we can understand that because the outcome of the May 7 election will determine a lot of things, not just for France, but also for Europe and more broadly. The world, and I don't think it's exaggerating saying that. So I'll just end up with that and by saying that it's not just about the next president, but it's also about the next composition of the French parliament. Because the election of the president on May 7 is just the beginning of a first phase, which will be much more challenging. And if Macron gets elected, hopefully he will get a majority and that this will allow to have a political stability, but at that stage it's still not, I would say, absolutely sure considering the fragmentation today of the French political landscape. So let's keep our eyes also, I would say, on the second legislative elections phase because it will actually be extremely decisive in terms of what the next French president will be able to do.


I want to provide you all an update on an officer in ball critical incident that occurred earlier today, about 1130 this evening. We had a call from a citizen on unknown party, suspicious party who was trying doors in the neighborhood in 1000 block of 25th Street. Officers were dispatched to that location. The first officer on scene encountered an individual about 25th and Curtis who matched that description attempted to make contact with that individual. That individual began to flee, ultimately turned and fired on the officer. The officer did return fire, continued pursuit and then the pursuit ended at about 26th and Curtis where the suspect was injured at that location. The involved officer is not injured. It's another injury, any of the officers that were involved in this incident. But there is an injury to the suspect and we're investigating further at this time. Did we know at this point if the suspect took his own life or if the officer? So we're still investigating that at this point. We don't know exactly how the suspect received his injuries. Was it a homeless person? No, we don't believe it was a homeless person. We don't believe the person lived in the area. So they weren't trying to gain entry into their own home. So we're not sure exactly what this person was doing in this area but they were not transient. Since this person was trying doors, obviously you probably need to wait for him to attempt to hurt you or anything. Any suspicion of drugs or alcohol? Was he acting normal? I don't know that we had engaged him long enough to know if he was acting normally. What type of weapon was he using? So he was in possession of a handgun and that's the weapon that he used to fire upon the officer and that was recovered at the scene. Any estimates on how many shots might have been fired? The estimates at this time I think are about a half a dozen shots were traded between the parties. Is the suspect known to Denver BD at all? Yes, it is an individual who's known to us. A suspect fired first, correct? Yes. Okay. I thank you sir. Appreciate it.


Where are we? Beep, beep, beep, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop. Who me? Yes, do you. I'm still here, boop, boop. I can't see mom. She must not be there. She must have run out. Welcome, fam. There's not even anybody in there. It is six o'clock. These people are late. My bees are going down. There they are. I don't know. I was growing like another arm. So, it's cats. I think it was like Wolverine, like, didn't they have the thingies? Ladies and gentlemen, we got Bowie in the house. Oh, we just ate it. Boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop. Don't get down. You guys can go. Wait, oh, you don't want to get down?  Good job. Good. All right, you guys. Today, I'm going to show you how we package our artwork for shipping. I'm going to use this. And I'm doing this because I shipped that many paintings today. Whoa. Packages. Package. Okay, so I'm going to show you how we ship our resin paintings, which is pretty similar to most. Hello, everybody, hello, everybody. Your comments don't stay up, so I can't read them. Tutors are going to pull it up and read them. Let me know if you can hear me or can't or whatever. So, first thing we do, because it's resin and we are in a live studio is I wipe it off really well because we have a lot of spray paint fallout that gets on everything. Dusting, sanding. Spray paint. A little bit of everything. So yeah, after I wipe it off, I will evaluate what I want to do with the sides. Since it's alcohol ink and the sides are super fun, I'm going to leave them raw. Otherwise, we'll flip this over on just trash towel. Put some pressure on and spray paint the sides and accentuate in color, but I'm not doing that on this one because I like the sides. Then you got to figure out where you want to sign it. Most resin or fluid art abstract work, you can hang it all sorts of different ways. It doesn't really matter. But since this is really one way to hang it, I would sign it right here. Since it's a thicker pen, I'm going to sign it on the side. I always sign it on the bottom right of how I would recommend that the piece be hung on the wall.  So we're signed and we're wiped off. Now, I don't ship resin less than two weeks from when I poured it. And I always test the side of it. I'll try to put an indentation with my nail in there. If you can still see a mark from your nail after you push, then your resin's not cured enough for shipping. And what that means is you're going to pick up some texture from your packaging. So then I'll wrap it in some very smooth packaging paper. And then I wrap it in saran wrap. Pardon me, Bowie, pardon, pardon. My packaging table used to be over here, so that's why my big saran wrap roll is over here. Notice that it's purple. Ooh, aw. I'm trying to create as little texture on the front as possible, but if some gets there, it's not that big a deal because it is fully cured. 22 people, only five thumbs up. A box. Come on, people, you guys are slacking. That's crazy. I know it's only Monday, but come on. So the size of this round is 12 inches, but the size of this box is 13 inches.  I hit most of my boxes. Well, if we're fair, a large percentage of them come from Amazon. Boxes as best I can. So if you get a box that's like, it's got Amazon on it, or it's a little motorboat back there. He has a cute little motorboat. That's why. I reuse as much as I can. Packaging, all of it gets reused. Do you guys, by chance, deliver the correctional facilities in Pennsylvania? I don't know what all they accept into the correctional institution in Pennsylvania. I'll ship it there. Bowie. But I can't guarantee that they'll accept it. Bowie. What's he growling at? He's growling at Tudor. I would love to say that I did ship to the correctional facility of Pennsylvania, so put an order in and hopefully they'll accept it once I ship it to them. I always seal in every open space on my boxes. A lot of people will just do this strip in the middle, but I always seal everything in because if water gets in, I don't want it to warp my piece. So, now I'm gonna use some of this packaging material that is not recycled, but upcycled. We call it upcycled. That's some stone pipe. This is just very thick craft paper. If I was shipping this, and it was like time deadline and it was still kind of soft, I would put a big, like a sheet of cardboard in here that separates the paper from my piece so that it doesn't pick up the texture because if this was soft and I put this in here and packaged it really tight and shipped it, it would pick up the texture a little bit. PS, pro tip, if you receive a resin piece that has a little bit of texture if you're packaging for an art show and it has a little bit of texture, you can hit it lightly with a heat gun and it'll pull that texture out. Usually, Jeff did a video on that while back. I did it with coasters because we were made coasters and we let them set for, I don't know, two or three days, possibly even five. And we put the backs on them. I stacked them, wrapped them up, took them to the art fair and you could see the little indentations. But I had a heat gun with me and just lightly hit that with a heat gun. The top of those were where the little indentions are and it completely went away. So, yeah. You can also put a sheet of glassine, I think it's called now. Do you know, Mr. Smith? Hey. How sharp are your keys? What? Excuse me. Look how... Do you have any gray poop on you? What? I could kill you an instant. But I'll let you know. So that's how I package my bees. What was the question? Somebody's asking if we know Mr. Smith. How sharp are your canvases? Sharp? Not that sharp. They look like this on the edges. They're right angle canvases. They're not routed. You can write them. Vamp is deleting this person's messages. Mr. Smith. Yeah, he said that before. Oh, well, okay. Well, that's cute. You don't tolerate that in here. We got troll patrol in the house. I just wiped the canvas off with 70% alcohol. You can do 90% higher. So yeah, that's how I package our artwork for shipping. It's pretty consistent across all the mediums that we do, whether it's a portrait that Jeff's done, alcohol ink, resin. We'll wrap them just the same, pat them just the same. You don't wanna hear any wiggle when you ship them. Because wiggle means there's voids and that's when you get damage. We don't want no damage. Mm-mm. But if you're new here, let me show you my shop. Let's have a look, see. I'm on a tip on YouTube for your search. Check out what Twitter's talking about. What? Kind of look, Kelly. Tip on YouTube for your search name of channel and what you're searching for and it should pull up. It's true. You guys, we have a little over 15 colors in our shop. Just a couple of them. 15 on this shelf. 15 hundred. I think the last count I did was 820 colors and then we try to carry at least six of the not so popular colors and then up to 60 of the more popular colors at one time. Most of our pigments are out of Australia and they are on Super Lockdown, so. Super Lockdown. Yeah, they're on Super. No, still, but works. Looks like we're a little bit out on a couple colors. Well, that's what I was getting to is exports are taking a little longer than usually do. So I expect a just resident shipment this week and a resident shipment this week. We have plenty of stir sticks, guys. Stir sticks, cheers, got stir sticks. What do you do? We got plenty of glitters. Halloween is coming up. Gotta get that orange and black and purple and green. And vamp. And vamp. And vamp. That's a color. That should be a color. We can make it a color. Purple and green glitter. Black, blue, black glitter. Bewitched. Awesome. Not so good. I wonder if I was behind on shipping out. Yeah, buddy. We got lots of glitter. Lots of this stuff, too. I wish I wish we could go along with this stuff and it would have a little QR code and then it would just bring it up. And then people could just click on it. Think, think, think, think, think. That would be interesting. What? All right, well, should we put, should we tell them that we have these? I made these today. These are 24 inch new geodes. These are on our clear cast acrylic. Brand new, never seen before. They're not on the website yet, but if you guys would like them on there, we can put those on there. We do have some Stone Coat Countertop Art Coat Resin. Plenty of that to sell on our website. All this stuff is on our website, artisttilldeath.com. Lots of chameleons. Oh, Halloween. If y'all don't have a Halloween shirt. Can I grab this one? Grab these. I'm an artist till death. It's so funny, I just realized this year why that is backwards. Cause he made the ink white instead of making the skull white. That's funny. All right, you guys, thanks for joining us on this short little tip tip. Tomorrow is two o'clock Tuesdays. We'll be going live at two o'clock, two p.m. Yeah, two o'clock Tuesdays. Be kind to one another. You never know what somebody's going through. And always remember. We do the test. Ew, I was like, you guys still love an octave. You guys have an awesome Monday. Stay safe. That's what the shirt looks like on. There it is on. That'll be $25. Thank you. I got it for you.  We'll see you tomorrow. Bye.


Hey guys, this is Hey guys, this is Matt Beck from free salon education calm And I just discovered something today with Millennium software that I thought I would share because I didn't know it was there It's a actual printout that you can do of a guest questionnaire This is something we used to have Hair analysis cards and basically we'd hand that out to every guest We fill out information about the guest and the hair and everything we collect it That's great and it works But I also had no idea that on Millennium if you look up the DC zero nine zero You can actually print out a questionnaire for your guests And then you can change the logo to show up as your own logo on there And it's an easy form print it they fill it out And then it gives you all the information that you need to store in the Millennium for you So if you use Millennium software make sure that you go on there the DC zero nine zero and just print it out And give it to your guests to fill it out because I think we struggle with consistency on getting information for guests I know that sometimes in the salon you look at a guest and their client info and a lot's missing from it So you want to make sure that you are always keeping up to date You want to know their birthday their anniversary you can run specials you can send them different things But you know just having it helps when you have all the information for your guests when you're running reports And you want to know how many guests are in your town or How many guests are having a birthday a certain month or you know just different things that you can figure out about your clients So make sure that you get all their information check out the DC zero nine zero Under the reports section of Millennium print that out and make sure that you're getting your guests to fill it out Hope this helps you guys. I didn't know it was there So it's kind of exciting to know that and check us out free salon education calm on Facebook and Instagram And also follow us right here on YouTube and subscribe So we'll see you guys in the next video


On Friday morning, Christmas Eve for Russians and many Ukrainians. Russian shells hit Kramatorsk, a Ukrainian city near the frontline in the industrial Donetsk region, that Russia claims as its territory, the city mayor said. Russia invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022, starting a war that has killed tens of thousands of people, displaced millions and reduced cities to rubble. Ukraine has driven Russia back from some of its territory, but battles are raging over eastern and southern cities. And Russia has unleashed barriers of airstrikes on civilian infrastructure. In a surprise last-minute announcement on Thursday, January 6, Putin unilaterally ordered his troops to observe a ceasefire from Friday to run through the Russian Orthodox Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, a move that was rejected as a trick by Ukraine and its allies. Ukrainian President Vladimir Zelensky rejected the idea out of hand, saying the goal was to hold the progress of Ukraine's forces in Donetsk and the wider Eastern Donbas region and bring it more Moscow forces.


David, I would like you to start talking about this possibility of death penalty because this is probably the most serious thing. Could it possibly be now the lynchmen, the thing that Britain can't actually agree to? Well it's unlawful for the UK to extradite anybody to a third country where they may face the death penalty. And this is meant to be a black and white law. But of course, you know, I think many of us have seen with some deep consternation why things we thought would be black and white in the law don't seem to apply in Julian's case. You know, I think there are other critical arguments that have been argued in the appeal case as well. And one of the most obvious ones is the courts should just not accept what a government says to them about what will happen to somebody when they're extradited. The courts have an obligation to independently investigate. And of course, you know, the trial judge, when they reviewed the evidence, you know, on the first occasion said there was a very real likelihood that Julian would die if he was extradited. Not from capital punishment in that case, it wasn't a legal case. But the medical evidence was compelling and we've seen that, I think, pretty starkly presented in Kim's film. That went on appeal, you know, the United States government appealed it and they said it's not for the courts to inquire into what the UK government says is not for the courts to review. They just have to accept what the United States and the UK government say. And they're not going to inquire behind it. And the first appeal court said, yep, that's right, we're not going to look into it. And rather remarkably, that was at the same time that other cases were running through the UK court system about the UK's efforts to extradite refugees to Rwanda without any legal review. And one of the arguments that's been run in the current appeal is the courts there said, well, you can't just take governments out of their work. That's not what courts are for. They may actually test the evidence. And I suppose it's a real test for if the courts are going to uphold that in Julian's case. So they're going to say courts will just accept whatever the government says and not test it. Or is it the courts job to actually test the evidence? I hope that the rule of law will have some substance. Yeah, you too. But with this landmark decision from the Supreme Court where they have said it must be evidence-based and a decision like that, maybe there's hope. Well, of course there's hope. That's why the appeal's been run. But I think many of us here that if this case is lost, literally within hours Julian could be on a CIA plane being taken to the United States. And one of the things we asked the Home Secretary cleverly in the UK on behalf of the now growing group of parliamentary friends of Assange was to give Julian the time if the case is lost to make a final appeal to the European Court of Justice. We have not had a response from the UK Home Secretary, which I find troubling. Still no response. That's disgraceful. Can we just pass the microphone to David McBride? David, all of this has happened with your case at the last moment. I only found out when I was on the payback from under. And, you know, can you tell us what's happened? Oh, I don't think it's going to surprise to anybody here. The government put in a last minute. There's a lot of similarities to the Assange case. They put in a last minute of statement of harm because it became clear that they said the information is, they caught themselves out because in the trial they said the information is, or some of the information is so secret even the judge can't read it. And then, I mean, you wouldn't believe it's not a comedy. And they even said, oh, the judge, well, if you read it, you might get kidnapped by a foreign services and they might torture your judge and then you're going to spare it. And he went, you're right, oh, well, I won't read it then. So it's a bit of a comedy. But then they, so a lot of the stuff was never read. But then they came to the sentencing, we caught them out and we said, well, if nobody has ever read this stuff, including the judge and a couple except for three journalists, how can you say it's actually damaged Australia? And they were like, ugh, ugh. And they went away and came back with this statement from some unnamed army officer saying, oh, no, very, very damaging. Potential to damage, very potential. It had a lot of potential today. And they put it in the last minute. Some cynics say it's because I've had a, I don't think I've had enough good press but I've had some not bad press the last week before my potential sentence. And they, as a gamesmanship thing, they thought, oh my God, we don't want him sentenced the week after he's been in the Good Weekend magazine on the cover. And so we'll put in a statement. You know, the judge will then say, oh, you're going to have to have six weeks, eight weeks to reply. And therefore he won't be, he will get him off the headlines in eight weeks time. So we're going to have to get another headline in eight weeks time that are, yeah, it's now the battle of the PR. We're probably the fact that they are so scared. I'd like to get better PR, but the fact, the way that they are behaving seems to be suggesting a bit like a scientist's case that they're pretty scared of the fact that a lot of the public are behind me and if they imprison me there's going to be a bit of an uproar like there was when all those ads were playing at the beginning of this. You rowdy, rowdy audience. How long are you going to have a riot before the film's done? David, it is so close because I don't know if you will remember, but after the Afghan war diaries came out there was this phrase that kept being uttered over and over again that WikiLeaks had blood on their hands. And there was a various to comment about that. This was about hypothetical blood as opposed to the real blood that had been shed in the war by the Americans. So we're talking hypothetical... Yeah, exactly. But I'll probably still get away with it. Oh, hypothetical cabinet in confidence about things that happened ten years ago in countries. We do kid ourselves that this is really some sort of super dangerous thing, where on the other hand as you rightly pointed out, unjust war lies on a grand scale. War criminals is a little bit worse than the hypothetical cabinet in confidence.


Welcome back, it's still Business Insights and plus TV Africa as we look at the latest inflation figures released by the NBS yesterday. On a month-on-month basis, the headline inflation rate in June 2023 was 2.13%. This was 0.19% point higher than the rate recorded in May 2023. This means that in June 2023 on average, the general price level was 0.19% higher relative to May. The percentage change in the average CPI for the 12th month period and in June 2023 over the average of the CPI for the previous 12 month period was 21.54%, showing a 5% increase compared to 16.54% recorded in June of last year. Now, Economic and Public Affairs Analysts Olajeda joins me now in this discussion. Good morning to you Olajeda, thanks for joining me. Yeah, good morning, thanks for having me. Okay, first of all, because of the relatively hardship that most people went through, some people believe that that 22.79% should be a bit higher than what was announced. What do you really think, Olajeda? Okay, when I sort of figured myself, I felt the same way. We had all anticipated, I figured that would be higher. Higher by virtue of the fact that in June, there were two major policies that kicked in. Number one is the first subsidy removal and the other one is the collapse of the multi-colour change rate. Now, these two policies have implications for average prices in the market therefore we were expecting something much higher than what we got. So initially, I thought, what would be responsible for this? So my mind went to, or could it be the fact that there have been a drop in diesel price of about $200? They are about $600 plus, or could it be LPG? I learned that the price of cooking gas also went up. For those two, while they might affect the energy side of things, how about the food side of another element of the inflation period? Where I learned that the MVS has spoken to why the increase might be much less than both. But let's really talk about what you just mentioned in passing, which was actually food prices. Now, the optic in the inflation rate was largely driven by the food index as food inflation accelerated to 25.25%, especially by the prices of obstacles, which include oil, bread, zeros, fish, potatoes, yum, and other tubers, you know, vegetable, milk, cheese, and even eggs. You know, from what we hear right now, even the bread sellers are increasing their prices. Wallaha, what do we have in our hands? We have a potential food insecurity issue in our hands. If we don't take measures to drive down or to moderate food prices. Like you rightly said, food prices is typically much higher than the composite inflation figure, which means that one way to reduce the composite inflation figure is if we can drive down the food inflation. I believe this is part of what was driving the recent plan to intervene by the federal government of Nigeria. There was this news about the state of emergency and food security. If we were able to actually deal with food matters, we would be able to manage this inflation. Much better than any of the other measures like increasing the MDR of almost every meeting of the MBC, which has had little or no effect on inflation. So if we deal with food matters, we will definitely be able to make a dent in inflation, much more than other measures. We'll talk about the monetary policy measures of the central bank of Nigeria, but just recently President Tinibu plans to deploy savings from the fuel subsidy removal into the agricultural sector to revamp the sector and also grow its contribution to 70% in the long run. How far do you really think that this can actually help out? From the policy statement, it appears that the government does understand the problem and the policy is the policy in the right direction. Tinibu is in the detail of implementation because this is not, sincerely speaking, it's not the first time we are making a right diagnosis of the problem with our food security. So understanding it, rolling out a policy, building a policy around it, is a very good start, but we need to be able to follow through with the implementation as well. That is, it is the implementation that will actually deliver the dividend. But as far as realisation that we don't even farm enough, we want to put in about 500,000 more hectares of farmland in place that our farm production has been seasoned up. We want to be able to produce over a 12-month period. We realise that our yields are horrible, so we want to be able to put fertilizer in place, give farmers access to improved seedlings and at the same time be able to help them with farming practices via education. We understood firmly that even after producing we lose a lot of what we produce to rottenness and not form of decay and destruction because there is a problem with connecting the centres of production to the market where this needs to be concealed. We also have a problem with storage. So the new intervention is talking about storage and other things. There are issues that will help us to achieve food security. We also have to hook this up to industrialisation. To be able to say, look, we need to go beyond producing primary agricultural products, let's be able to add value to our agricultural products and export not just raw commodities of our agricultural products but valuable products that can help us to earn forex. This will ride on the back of the industrialisation agenda and I see the role of power also in that medium. So it's a whole gamut of things to be done and the demo is in the detail as far as implementation is concerned. Moving on now, the highest increases were recorded in the prices of passenger transport by air, gas, vehicles, spare parts, liquid fuel, fuels and lubricant for personal transport equipment, medical services, passenger transport by road. I know this did not really surprise you because Nigerians actually are paid higher last month but the question right now would be the palliative measures that the presidency had talked about when they negotiated with the Nigerian Labour Congress and the TEC. By then Nigerians would have thought that maybe by now there would have been something to cushion the effect of the high cost of transportation. I'm not sure that because there was a deadline at 8 weeks... 8 weeks, yes, yes. Yes, they tried for that committee to submit their reports and all that. I'm not so sure if that deadline has expired already. So we might have to wait a little bit to see what is in there often. Part of what is in that discussion included issues around minimum wage, issues around alternative energy sources for people to be able to use CAG which is said to be more cheaper to power some of the segments of what we currently use, PMS. And several other things. If these things are properly worked out, these are the real palliative if you ask me, not even the sharing of 8,000 naira... 12 million households, yes. Okay, let's talk rights now concerning monetary policy which a whole lot of people believe is not actually working with the inflationary pressure. Just in May, the CBN raised its benchmark lending rates to 18.5%. What should we be doing concerning our monetary policy because over time we keep on increasing and yet inflation is seemingly very stubborn and not responding? Yeah, we need to do much more than using monetary policy. There are other tools that are available to go including the fiscal measures that we can use. The problem is not exactly that people have too much money and therefore if we reduce the amount of money that is available to them we'll be able to curb inflation. That is why it appears as if the monetary policy measures are not strong enough to moderate the inflationary pressure. So we need to look at what is going on in the manufacturing in the trade segment of the economy. Are manufacturers having it easy from whether it is an importation of raw material or in the other cost element that goes into their cost profile? How can we step into that space and make it easier for them to manufacture, create a better business environment where they can thrive? When they try, they will employ more people. When they employ more people, they pay more people.  Government is able to earn more taxes and there is a multiply effect on their economy. This will help more than just a push from the monetary side of things. We have to look at what we can do with taxes as well. Rather than talking about adding up to taxes at this time we need to look at taxes from an incentive perspective. How can we give a certain critical segment of the economy certain incentives so that they will behave in a particular manner? And that behavior will help to try the inflation moderation that we seek to achieve. Then the last one on inflation is whatever we can do in the food space will help a great deal because food remains the highest number puller in the content of what goes into the inflation basket. True. Okay, so Bola Honda 22.79% was what we experienced in June. So let's just do a bit of forecast and then extrapolate for July. What do you see happening and how should we be tackling it in the immediate? For instance, you've talked about food. You've talked about taxation. But right now the informal sector might not really get this salary increment that Labour and Federal Government might be working on. So what do we do as we speak in this month of July specifically? Okay, most likely the inflation number in the month of July will be higher than what we have right now. The reason we have a little increase this time around was that MBS uses data up to the middle of the month. So which means that what they used to compute the inflation figure we are talking about in 2.79 was data up until 15th of June. Now 15th of June were the early days of the subsidy reform. Maybe as a 15th, I can't even remember if the collapse of the exchange rate has happened by then. So by the time we are doing the full, in the next inflation figure we can take from middle of June to middle of July. The chances are higher that it might be in the 23% level. So that's what I think. However, what can we begin to do? Some of the things we need to begin to do in number one, let's be able to close out on the discussions that are going on with the tripartite committee of Labour and Government and maybe is the organised private sector. Number two, I love the step taken by the government to suspend the finance act. Let's look within that finance act and see how we can use incentive to drive behaviour rather than just chasing after increment of taxation rate. If we create the right environment, even the mention, the policy direction in law has another way in which it starts to change behaviour before the actual impact. So whatever we can do in this food area, we must do. You just mentioned that poultry people are already complaining because of the price of meat. So we must ask ourselves, in that price of meat space, what can we do? Whatever we do there, we not only affect all things that are related to meat, including the direct consumption. But also affect the price of poultry products. True. All right, thank you so much, Anguola, for the useful insights that you have shared concerning our economic matter, specifically the inflation, which is soaring very high. We do appreciate your time. Thanks for having me. All right, as we go on the show today, the Nigerian economic system is peculiar and does not usually follow the established principles and policies and as such, leaders need to move from the plug-and-play approach in problem sharing. This was the position of the author of MUSE and by the MUSE, Adibola Akindele, at a public presentation which held in Lagos. I'll leave you with details of that report. I'll see you again next time. My name is Justin Akadone. Enjoy the rest of your day. In a world of rapidly moving economic, social and governance parts and a rising uncertainty in governance complexity, finding the synthesis of ideas to help individuals and institutions navigate is needed. In an interview, the author said Nigerians have to learn from those who have heard a history and can bring the stories forward. A lot can be achieved because the Nigerian system, the Nigerian person and the Nigerian system is very peculiar. We are very peculiar to the extent that I don't know of any economic theory. I don't know of any, if any has worked. I don't know of many that have worked for Nigeria, ever since I've become aware. And for as long as we continue to try and do a plug and play model for these theories and these applications are not these things coming from outside, they never solve our problems entirely, they never do. So we have to look for those that have lived the story, that have lived the history, that can bring the history and the story forward and allow this story and history to become what can be useful for the others coming. The panel session saw the discussions draw in on success, wealth and purpose. As comparisons are made on where to draw the lines and what really matters individuals and entrepreneurs alike will reach to understand the purpose which they have been called. Other sessions include except reading from musins to mirrors, which included beyond success to chaos and opportunities among others. What for us is relative, we must have wealth which is also relative in terms of quantities, in terms of numbers, because like I said it's not about money at all it's about how many people so many other factors. For me as a person I derive joy in making other people happy. So success is relative to individuals, to some people it's just about money, to some people it's about luxury, to some people it's about housing it's relative but definitely it is not about money. So to the extent of what it discusses at the panel is getting an alignment between purpose and your goals and then you understand your journey and so you don't spend your journey chasing money, you change purpose as in what do I want to be known for, what do I want to do. Again like I believe it was Dico who spoke about it it is relative as to where you are. Take action because if you don't take action at the end of the day, nothing happens so all these valuable lessons in the book are not going to amounts to anything if those who read the book don't take action. Newsons of the Mirs is a companion of original thought and insightful ideas on leadership, management and life. Justin Nakadoni plus Stephenie's Lagos In a world of rapidly moving economic, social and governance parts and the rising uncertainty in governance complexity, finding a synthesis of ideas to help individuals and institutions navigate is needed. In an interview the author said Nigerians have to learn from those who have heard a history and can bring the stories forward. A lot can be achieved because the Nigerian system, the Nigerian person and the Nigerian system is very peculiar. To the extent that I don't know of any economic theory I don't know of any, if any has worked I don't know of many that have worked for Nigeria, ever since I've become aware. And for as long as we continue to try and do a plug and play model for these theories and these applications are not just coming from outside they never solve our problems entirely they never do. So we have to look for those that have lived the story, that have lived the history, that can bring the history and the story forward and allow the story and history to become what can be useful for the others coming. The panel session saw the discussions Jojo and on success, wealth and purpose. As comparisons are made on where to draw the lines and what really matters, individuals and entrepreneurs alike were wretched to understand the purpose to which they have been called. Other sessions include excerpt reading from musins to lectures which included beyond success to chaos and opportunities among others. What for us is relative we must have wealth which is also relative in terms of quantities in terms of numbers because like I said it's not about money at all it's about how many people so many other factors for me as a person I derive joy in making other people happy success is relative to individuals, to some people it's just about money to some people it's about luxury, to some people it's about housing. It's relative but definitely it is not about money. So to the extent of what they discussed at the panel is getting an alignment between purpose and your goals and then you understand your journey and so you don't spend your journey chasing money you change purpose as in like what do I want to be known what do I want to do again like I believe it was who spoke about it it is relative as to where you are. Take action because if you don't take action at the end of the day nothing happens so all these valuable lessons in the book are not going to amounts to anything if those who read the book don't take action. Musins of the Mears is a companion of original thought and insightful ideas and leadership management and life just in that category plus even these leaders


Tony from Roma 3, thank you. Now, can you hear me? No, I can't hear you. Okay? No, not yet. It's me, can you hear me? Better? Okay. So, good morning. First of all, I would like to thank the organizers and in particular Vittorio for inviting me to give this talk at this nice meeting. And as you know, also from previous talks, the number of pathogenic bacteria with antibiotic resistance is increasing over years. But in the meanwhile, the research about new antibiotics is slowing down and there are no new antibiotics which have entered into clinical trials in the last years. So, this is a very big problem and we need to find new strategies to overcome this problem. Antivirulent drugs can be used alone or in combination with antibiotics and they target differently from antibiotics are not essential functions. So, antivirulent drugs do not kill bacteria. They inhibit the ability of bacteria to cause the infection. So, they prevent or inhibit the establishment of an infection and in this way, they reduce the capability of pathogens to cause damage to the host. Since they do not target essential functions, they are very specific for pathogens. So, they are supposed to... They should have less adverse effects on the host microbiota and since they don't kill bacteria, they should impose a weaker selective pressure for drug resistance. And this is not trivial because actually you can find mutants resistant to antivirulent drugs and the mechanism would be the same as for antibiotic resistance such as modification of the target, modification of the molecule of the drug, efflux pumps, surface, bacterial surface modifications and so on. Yeah, I'm going to explain this in the next slide. So, in this cartoon, the emergence of resistance to antibiotics is compared to the emergence of resistance to antivirulent drugs. And okay, in the case of antibiotics, if you administer an antibiotic to an infecting population and the mutant resistant is present, all the susceptible cells will die. The resistant mutant will... Sorry, the resistant mutant will survive and will generate a new population that will be totally resistant to the antibiotic. In the case of antivirulent drugs, we should take in mind that the majority of virulent factors are secreted virulent factors. They are proteases, hemolysines, toxins, all public goods, all secreted factors that are shared by the population. And all the population takes advantage of these public goods. So, and these public goods are needed to disrupt the host tissues and get nutrition for the bacterial growth of the entire population. And they are also important for resistance to the immune system. If you give an antivirulent drug, to an infecting population, what will happen is that the susceptible cells will not die, they will just stop to produce the virulent factors. And if a mutant resistant to antivirulent drug is present, this will be the only cell continuing to produce virulent factors. But this amount will be not sufficient to sustain the growth of the entire population. So, what will happen is that the entire population will be attenuated for the production of virulent factors and the immune system will have better chance to clear along the infection. And this is not just a theory. This concept has been proved in several papers. And one of these, my favorite one is from Martin Schuster, who is over there and Mel Bay, which proved this concept. He's interested in the discovery of new antivirulent drugs. And we use as a model organism, pseudomonas aeruginosa. We have learned about these microorganisms in the previous lectures. And we know that it is an important nosocomial pathogen, is one of the most-breed nosocomial pathogens in developed countries. It causes infections in intensive care unit infections, catheter-associated infections, wound infections. And it is very important in cystic fibrosis because more or less 80% of the patients affected by this genetic disease die as a consequence of the chronic lung infection caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa in their lungs. And the severity of the infection is aggravated by the high resistance of these microorganisms to antibiotics. It is resistant, intrinsically resistant to the majority of the antibiotics used in clinics. And it also acquires very easily new antibiotic resistance by a horizontal gene transfer. And so, in pseudomonas aeruginosa, virulence is multifactorial. This bug produces an array of different virulence factors, most of which, the majority are secreted virulence factors, so they are public goods. And these are, for instance, Renu Lipids, hydrogen cyanide, piosynine, that is a secondary metabolite with cytotoxic effects, protease, cydrophores, and it also produces biofilm. And all these virulence factors, the production of all these virulence factors is positively controlled by quorum sensing. And we already know, thanks to Pete and other speakers, what quorum sensing is. If we inactivate quorum sensing, all the expression of all these virulence factors will be shut down. And indeed, there are many papers published every year about quorum sensing inhibition. On aerugin, in the last four years, 100 papers per year have been published, and I use this query, quorum sensing inhibitor, but half of these papers, more or less, are about the inhibition of pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing. However, very few papers show activity in any more models, and as far as I know, there are no clinical trials so far. And one reason could be that when you find a new active molecule and you want to bring this molecule to the clinics, you need a lot of research, a lot of money, and a lot of time to develop a drug. It takes from 10 to 12 years of research, starting from the identification of the active principle, then you have to characterize the mechanism of action, make the experiments in vitro and in animal models, make formulations, make all the toxicity and pharmacokinetic studies, and this takes a lot of time and money also. So a lot of people working in the drug discovery field is using this drug repurposing approach to, as a shortcut, to deliver, fastly, a new drug, I would say an old drug, to a new use, to a new application. And this can be done by different approaches, searching for secondary activity in drugs already approved for use in humans for the treatments of whatever illnesses. And it can be done by different approaches if new insights are discovered about the molecular mechanisms underlying pathology, then rationally you can decide to locate an old drug to a new application. Other drugs are relocated repurposed by serendipity approaches. For the most famous example is a sildenium field. This molecule was developed in the 80s as for the treatment of heart disease, angina pectoris, and they went to clinical trials, and but the people involved in the trials did not find any effect on angina pectoris on the reason why the drug was developed. However, they experienced an interesting side effect. And this side effect was so interesting that at the end, the drug was used for its secondary effect. And okay, you can imagine what the effect was. The approach that we chose was the screening-based repurposing approach. In this approach, you can make a screening of a commercial library of FDA-approved drugs already used for the treatment of whatever illnesses and you can find for a secondary activity of interest. In this case, quantum sensing inhibition. And the drug can be the heat compound could be either directly tested in clinical trials if you are lucky. Otherwise, you can start an optimization program to develop the drug for a new application. And okay, so we used this approach to search for quantum sensing inhibitors using commercial libraries of FDA-approved compounds and on-pure-pure-built screening systems. So this is an important point in the searching for anti-virulent drugs because in the case of, if you want to search for new antibiotics, it's very simple because you just go for growth inhibition so you just need a spectrophotometer. But if you go for a virulent inhibitor, you need a special screening system, a target-oriented screening system. So first of all, the target. Pseudomonasaurogenosis has four different quantum sensing systems.  We have heard about it yesterday by Pete Greenberg, Trioxocit-12-Homocerylacton and C4-Homocerylacton. I will call them Trioxocit-12 and C4 for brevity. And Alkyl-Kinonon, PQS. And this is the most recently discovered, is a Hydrocyphenolthiazole. And more or less these quantum sensing systems, they work all in the same way. So there is an enzyme or a group of enzymes producing a signal that is secreted and when the signal is produced in a way that is proportional to the density of the bacterial population. So when the signal reaches a threshold concentration corresponding to a specific cell density, these will bind to an intracellular receptor and the complex between the signal and the receptor will activate a number of genes. And in pseudomonasero genomes, hundreds of genes are upregulated by the quantum sensing systems. Each of these quantum sensing systems regulates many, many genes including virulence genes. And all these systems are also organized in a hierarchical fashion so that the last system, relying on trioxy-C12, a signal molecule, positively controls the expression of the other quantum sensing systems. And this is the reason why we at first focused on the last system as our main target for the identification of anti-virulence drugs by drug repurposing approach. Then we had to construct a specific system for to make the screening. And in the screening system, one problem is sometimes that if you use strains different from the target organism, the drug will penetrate into the strain but the pseudomonasero genosa is quite impermeable to many substances so we decided to make the screening system directly in pseudomonasero genosa. And we constructed a mutant unable to produce the signal molecule, trioxy-C12, and carrying a transcriptional fusion between a promoter dependent on a laser that is the receptor of the signal and the lax genes for the bioluminescence production. So this strain can make a very low level, basal level of light in the absence of the signal but if you provide the signal by culturing this cell together with a wall type, the wall type will produce the signal which will activate the receptor and the activated receptor will trigger light emission. And you can make this culture in very tiny micro walls, in micro walls, and in each micro wall you can test a different molecule and any molecule having an inhibitory effect on any step of the consensing process will give a reduction of light emission with respect to the untreated control. That you can, in this way we can hit even the synthesis. So we can hit any step of the process from the synthesis to the reception. So expression or activity of the synthase, expression or activity of the receptor or even the import-export mechanisms of the signal molecules. Whatever the mechanism of action if something is affecting quantum sensing, you can find it. So in this way we screen a library of about 1,000 compounds already approved for use in humans. So they are, what I forget to tell you before is the advantage of course is that these molecules are already, have been already optimized for use, for be used as good drugs. So they have good pharmacological properties, they are supposed to be not toxic for humans. So we screened this library and the criteria were to take, to select the compounds with more than 50% inhibition of light emission and no effect on growth or at least less than 20% growth reduction because this is a very key point in anti-virulence drugs. They shouldn't affect growth. So we selected among, sorry? If these are already known to be... Yeah, indeed several hits were antibiotics so we didn't select them. Even if these are antibiotics towards, to which Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant, okay? But for this reason at first we focused on neclosamide that is an anti-homintic. It is used against the warm infections in the lung, in the, sorry, in the gut, okay? And neclosamide, so we tested the neclosamide in the wild type strain in our laboratory model strain that is called PA-14 and it has no effect on growth at different very high concentrations. It inhibits the production of a trioxy-C12 signal and it also inhibits the production of the C4 signal. And this not only because the last system, the trioxy-C12 dependence system positively controls the C4 dependence system but even in the last minus mutant, the drug is effective against the C4 system. So somehow it can affect the acylohomocerin, the both, the acylohomocerin lactons dependent coronal sensing systems. And we made an eye coronary analysis and neclosamide is able to decrease the expression of more or less 80 genes and the vast majority of these genes are also genes known to be activated by coronal sensing. Therefore, there is a good overlap between the two regulants and this indicates that neclosamide has a high degree of specificity towards coronal sensing. Indeed, it is able to inhibit the expression of the major coronal virulence factors, secret virulence factors produced by pseudomonas aeruginones such as pyocyanin, rhinolipids, elastase. It inhibits swarming motility, surface motility and even if at a higher concentration it has also an effect on bio-information. So this is very nice. We also tested the effect of neclosamide in this insect model of infection. It is able to protect the larvae of Galleria Merlonella from the pseudomonas aeruginones infection and but we were unable to test the molecule in mice and this is because neclosamide has been developed to treat infections in the gut. It is usually given by oral administration. It is not absorbed. It doesn't go in the bloodstream that is very good to treat an intestinal infection by words and if you try to give it by bloodstream, by the bloodstream way, it is fastly cleared by spleen and kidney action. So we decided to go for a new formulation of the neclosamide because all these characteristics of neclosamide, so fast clearance in the bloodstream, in the body and local action are very good properties for the treatment, could be very good properties for the treatment of lung infections by inhalation therapy. So we started a collaboration with pharmacologists and the neclosamide is a very low solubility, hypermeability and they developed this nice, different formulations, these nice nanoparticles that are complex with polysorbate and mannitol and this formulation can be given by inhalatory devices both as dry powder that is the top, the most advanced therapy in cystic fibrosis. So you give directly the dry powder within the lung or it can be resuspending in saline and they use it with a normal inhalatory device. And they made a lot of pharmacokinetic studies. The drug can go, they used this system that mimics the inhalatory device. They were able to show that the drug goes very heavily, goes very deeply inside the lung quite heavily and it is not toxic for rats, inhalatory rats and it has a very low level of toxicity at least at the active concentration in cystic fibrosis lung cells. So this, and so we can, we will, okay, well now we have a system to study the effect of neclosamide in vivo, in urine models. Actually the work is in progress. We tried with mice because we already had the collaboration with a group able to make infections to mimic chronic line infections in the lung of mice, but we had problems in the administration of the drug probably because they are very tiny with respect to rats and therefore probably we will continue by using rats in the next experiments. So speaking about cystic fibrosis, the target of neclosamide, well we know that it is the signaling process because if you give the, in the mutant, in the biosensory, if you give the trioxy-C12, you still see the reductions of the effect. So it is not, for sure it is not the synthesis. It should be the activity or the expression of the laser receptor. Preliminary experiment told us that probably it is affected the transcription of the receptor, of the laser receptor, but we are still working on the mechanism of action, okay. So going back to cystic fibrosis, there is an issue about the use of anti-quarantine drugs in cystic fibrosis. Pete Grimmer mentioned it yesterday. And this is because, and also today, we had a dance talk by Roy, speaking about the evolution of pseudomonas, purcaldaria in the cystic fibrosis lung. So in particular, what happens is that cystic fibrosis patients start to acquire intermittent infections caused by different strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa since they are babies. And they are treated with very strong, aggressive antibiotic therapy, and for some years it is possible to control these intermittent infections. And you can see that many different clonal variants can infect the lung and then be cleared by the aggressive antibiotic therapy. Until at a certain point, for reasons that are still poorly understood, a single clone, and the colors represents different strains, different clonal variants. At a certain point, a single clone establish a chronic infection. From that point, that patient will carry on the infection for the rest of his or her life, and this will lead to continuous inflammation and to decline in the time of the lung function. So the clonal strain can receive, this chronic infection can be kept under control for several years, even for decades, by continuous antibiotic treatments. And in the meanwhile, the lung changes day after day because the inflammation increases. So the environment is very variable. And during this time, a lot of mutations of cures, there is an evolution phenomenon, and hypermutant strains emerge, and you can find different kinds of mutations that are supposed to be adaptive mutations, adaptive mutations to the lung of the cystic fibrosis patient, among these resistance to antibiotics, of course, but even many other functions are mutated in these chronic strains. So, and if you play to the mucous of the cystic fibrosis patients, so you will find different colony morphology, so like small hugus colony variants, hypermucoid strains producing algeidate. In the years ago, this was the hallmark for the establishment of the chronic infection. Now there are other markers. Mutants producing autolysis plaques okay, I don't know the pronunciation in colony biofilm, and it is not uncommon to isolate mutants in the last chronic sensing system, in the system depending upon trioxycyl-12 as a signal molecule. So we question whether... Sorry. Okay, so can you hear me? So we question whether chronic sensing, and in particular the last chronic sensing system could be a good target for anti-virginance therapy in cystic fibrosis. And we collected a number of strains, we constructed a library of cystic fibrosis isolates, 100 strains divided in different categories. So more or less half of the strains are first isolates, so they are not chronic strains, they are not isolated from patients with chronic infection, they could be intermittent infections. Then 25 strains isolated from patients isolated from patients from one to three years, 25 strains from patients isolated from three to seven years, and a small number of strains just then for isolated from patients with more than 15 years. And we did this on purpose because we already knew from the literature that in patients with more than 10, 15 years of infection, the number of lasar mutants is quite high, the frequency of the last mutant is quite high. While we were interested in the first, in the intermittent strains and in the first phase of the chronic infections, we measured the levels of trioxy-C12 produced by these strains, and we didn't find any significant difference in trioxy-C12 levels among these three categories. This, I mean, is not indicative of the last category because we had just few strains. Okay. And we then want to see if these strains were, so these strains, 79 strains are trioxy-C12 producers. So this means that in principle, these strains should be susceptible to a chronic sensing inhibitor. Very nice, very good. So we went to test Nikolausonite. And the results were quite disappointing because we found that Nikolausonite was able, the effect of the susceptibility to Nikolausonite is very variable over our law and unrelated to the duration of the chronic infection. And these red dots or triangles are the laboratory strains. The laboratory strain that is susceptible to Nikolausonite, so you can, as you can see, the susceptibility to Nikolausonite is not very high in the cystic fibrosis clinical isolate, even if they are trioxy-C12 producers. So they are, in principle, susceptible, but in the real, in the reality, they are not. And if you go to see the virulence factors, the level of susceptibility of the strain is still lower, always with respect to our model strain. So very fastly I will go to, so we didn't let us be discouraged by these results. We focused on a different quantum sensing system as a target, the PQS system, because in cystic fibrosis it is not so common to find newtons unable to produce this signal molecule. So we used the same approach, we constructed a specific biosensor, we made exactly the same screening, but this time specific for kilonal productions. We identified, in this case, an antibiotic, but this antibiotic is not used, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not sensitive at any concentration to this antibiotic. It is used by against gram-positive bacteria and it is promising because it is used by the suppository form to treat high-waste, to treat a high-waste infection. So it has a good kinetics toward the lung. And it has a good, it does not affect growth in any concentration, it affects the production of the signal, it affects virulence, secret virulence factors production and storm immortality, and it protects Galeria melonella larvae from the infection. This, in this case, we used a different model strain that is named PU1, the most famous. We are now characterizing the effect of clofoctol on the cystic fibrosis isolates. In this case, right now we have analyzed only 20 strains, 19 are PQS producers, and this is the model strain PU1. So as you can see, there is overall, the alkyl kilonome productions is fairly inhibited in a fair number of strains. So let's hope that this will work better with respect to necrosomite. And so I will conclude making a take-home message that is about anti-virulence drugs targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa coron sensing. There are several advantages. No, there are targets are already known and well characterized in many cases. There are already published adequate screening systems available and in principle, there should be a low selective pressure for dimensions of resistance. The drawbacks are that at least in cystic fibrosis infection, there is a within us evolution of resistance strains in the ears long lasting infection, but perhaps even the very early isolates are already resistant to necrosomite. We don't know why we would like to know it. We will go to study this. And about drug repurposing, there are commercial drug libraries available so it is quite easy to purchase them and make the screening. The toxicity and pharmacokinetics studies are already done. So in principle, these molecules are not toxic, should be not very toxic and already with good pharmacological properties. And the drawbacks are that as in the example of necrosomite, if the administration wrote change, you need to do again all the toxicity and pharmacokinetics studies. The other problem could be the primary activity of the drug because we are using a drug, an old drug for the treatment of a new illness, but the primary activity should be taken into consideration. I wouldn't use an anti-cancer to treat a bacterial infection, of course. And there are challenges for intellectual properties, but if you are lucky, you can find a drug like necrosomite or croffotol, which are very old drugs and the patent is already expired. So it would be easier to go on with the studies and with the application on the drug. In conclusion, finally, I would like to thank all the people, all our collaborators. First of all, my colleague, Jordano Rampuni, who is over there, Paolo Vizca, Francesco Imperi, and the pharmacologists, Francesca Ungaro and Raffaella Solentino, Paul Williams and Miguel Camara, for which collaborate with us for the PQS and croffotol story. I forgot the hospital, Bambino Gesù and Ercilia Fiscarelli, who prepared the library of 65 brosis strains. And this is our granting foundation, the Italian 65 brosis research foundation. Thank you for your attention.