Okay, part two of this module is gene fusions, so this is sort of looking at how the rearrangements affect the transcriptome. The definition of a gene fusion is just a novel gene formed by the fusion of two distinct wild-type genes, so from a translocation or some other type of rearrangement event, we have two normally distinct genes that are brought together, and we have the formation of a gene that is a combination of two. These we know are very relevant in clinical features of some cancers. I think the best example here is the BCREBL1 fusion, one of the first somatic events to be discovered. Originally we discovered it in a genome, it's inside a genetics. The Philadelphia chromosome, the translocation that creates this gene fusion was discovered, and now it's kind of held up as this example of how targeted therapies can work because we've created a small molecule that inhibits the BCREBL1 gene fusion product and that drug is called a minitave and it's very effective for treating CML patients. Another aspect of these gene fusions is they can be used as prognostic markers, usually by looking at fish results, similar cytogenetic results, so pathologists will look at these results to try and identify whether or not a patient has a cancer that's driven by one of these gene fusions. Then recent developments in RNA sequencing and genome sequencing have developed a lot of excitement of finding more of these events. Further evidence that gene fusions are clinically relevant, they're initiators of carcinogenesis and we see that because they correlate with the cancer phenotype. If we treat a patient which harbors one of these gene fusions in their tumor, then if we successfully treat them, then that eradicates any products that are associated with gene fusion. Gene fusions produce neoplastic disorders when they're put into mouse models and silencing fusion transcripts will reverse the tumor genetic process. There's several different classes of gene fusion. The first shown here is deregulation of a proto-oncogene, so we have a translocation that brings together the promoter region of one gene and the functional domains of another gene and that means that now this new fusion gene, the expression of that fusion gene is driven by a promoter that is perhaps up-regulated as in this example where IgH now drives over expression of MIC and brachycelimphoma. We can have other forms of deregulation such as a microRNA binding site that is swapped between two genes making it difficult for the cell to use translational repression through this microRNA binding site to inhibit the expression or translation of a particular transcript and that leads to an overabundance of the protein products of a particular gene. So it's not only the case that a gene fusion will just result in over expression of the functional domains of the 3-prime gene. You can also have in the BCR ABL1 example functional domains from both genes forming a new gene fusion with sort of a novel function within the cell. Another example of a class of gene fusions is just a disruption of a tumor suppressor gene. So in this case, really the fusion product, the transcript that we're seeing that is a fusion transcript, is evidence that there's somehow the wild type genes are being disrupted and this is just through the translocation that is interrupting or translocating the gene so it's no longer functional. And then of course, this was published recently as an example where we have multiple mechanisms caused by just one reciprocal rearrangement or actually inversion in this case. So there's an inversion, an inversion if you remember from the previous part of the module and inversion will create two break points. So in that way it can create two gene fusions and for this particular example it creates two gene fusions, one of which the result of that gene fusion is silencing of the tumor suppressor and the result of the other gene fusion is this new fusion transcript that has some oncogenic function. In terms of discovering gene fusions, we've seen a massive increase in the number of gene fusions that have been discovered since the advent of RNA sequencing. This seems to be the platform that is used most commonly to identify these events. I think genome sequencing is also possible but for reasons I'll show you in a subsequent slide it's not always apparent what the gene fusion is that relates to a break point you find in whole genome sequencing. I think you will cover this also in the expression module but I'll just briefly detail the steps here. It's pretty much the same as whole genome sequencing but we have this ad set where we have to dig our mRNA that we pull down using sort of a poly A pull down and then we reverse transcribe the mRNA into cDNA and then we just follow the regular sequencing protocol on that cDNA which involves fragmenting, size-selecting and then paired-in-read sequencing. Okay so what happens in the steps from a translocation that creates a gene fusion all the way to what we see which is the discordant reads, well we have an additional issue to deal with in RNA sequencing when we're looking for gene fusions in that we'll have a chromosomal rearrangement say a reciprocal trans or a translocation that brings together gene X and gene Y on chromosome A and B then the transcript that is produced from this fusion gene splices out the introns usually for most of the gene fusions that have some kind of relevant biological function the break point occurs in the middle of one of the introns that's just more likely to happen because introns are larger and so the break point itself gets spliced out and we end up with this fusion transcript which is partly partly the exons from gene X and partly the exons from gene Y then the sequencing is applied to or any sequencing is applied to this fusion transcript and we get similar to whole genome sequencing we get wild type reads so concordant reads and then we get what I will call split reads and spanning reads or but these are equivalently called discordant reads or split reads again we have two choices similar to in whole genome sequencing we can do an alignment based approach you know in our analysis of RNA sequencing or an assembly assembly of RNA sequencing because the sort of space of possible sequences is smaller it's actually quite a bit more tractable to do an assembly of an RNA seek data set than it is for a whole genome sequencing data set so this is definitely an approach that is used in the field is to do in a simple assembly of the transcript on and then map those transcripts that we've assembled back to the genome and identify ones that are involving the exons of one gene and another gene for as possible fusions but I think it's probably still more common to use an alignment based approach where we take the reads try to align them back to the genome and the transcriptome and then assemble transcripts by looking at clusters of a lot of aligned reads that support the same fusion event so that but there is this problem of given that our RNA seek reads are given that they undergo this there's this process that the sequences undergo to get to the place we're observing these read sequences of of splicing so it's no longer the case that we're just looking at reads that come directly from the genome there's this extra process of splicing that complicates things so the question is what reference do we use we can either align to the genome in which case we have to deal with split reads that are not only caused by a fusion as you can see on the left side of this paired end read in the middle here but we also have to deal with the problem of aligning reads that cross a splicing boundary that sort of span an intron to get around this problem we can we can align also to transcripts so cdna sequences of what unknown genes with known splicing patterns and this will this helps to recover a lot of the alignments that normally would be difficult and this slide just is some evidence that the best the optimal way of doing this is to align to both the genome and the transcriptome also quickly skip through that so false positives and gene fusion prediction come from similar to whole genome sequencing they come from alignment artifacts especially homologous genes and I think the problem it's unique to Arnie seek as we have very high expression as parts of the transcriptome especially ribosomal Arnie I think ribosomal Arnie is generally tried to people try to filter that with in the molecular biology steps but still some of that gets through and we have because they're so highly expressed they're just more prone to producing reads that are erroneously mapped and perhaps suggest to gene fusion so I think one of the computational steps is identifying sources of these highly expressed region of the transcriptome like the ribosomal Arnie and then just removing those there's also a few very there's a there's a there's a couple artifacts or processes that generate artifacts that will generate this sort of it's low level sequencing noise reverse transcriptase and template switching is one of them and then there's also ligation artifacts these are generally just producing small very small numbers of uncorrelated chimeric reads and they can usually be filtered the predictions that come from those can be usually filtered out pretty easily by just looking at only at predictions that have a reasonable number of supporting reads another source of artifacts is sources of natural rearrangement and in the transcriptome such as IG rearrangements if we end up sequencing a lot of immune cells then sometimes what we can end up within our RNA sequencing is a lot of IG rearrangements that are then producing express express transcripts and then those will end up looking like fusions and so we can just filter those out by looking at specifically the biology that could lead to the particular artifacts and one of the other interesting ones is that's quite prevalent is something called transcription induced chimera or a read-through this is just where so in a tumor genome you have various reasons such as open chromatin that transcription is more active across the genome and very frequently you have genes that are adjacent that are co-transcribed just because the various mechanisms in the cancer cell are disrupted that would prevent this from happening and maybe you get more frequent skipping of a transcription stop site and so you get a lot of the events that you will predict when you're using a gene fusion tool are just adjacent genes that are co-transcribed these are called read-throughs and they're quite common in both tumor and normal samples and benign samples so to reduce these artifacts techniques that are used for alignment artifacts are just to calculate features of the alignments that are supporting a gene fusion and use hard filtering or some machine learning to classify these as true or false for natural sources of rearrangement it's just important to find the relevant database such as gene lists of IG genes and annotate and then filter those and transcription and choose chimeras or read-throughs these can be easily identified as just involving adjacent genes um now to prioritize gene fusion lists of gene fusions I think oh go ahead yeah right um there's not really a coverage in RNA-seq because it's so dependent on expression so there's other measures like reads per kilobat per map to kilobase rp can um but then okay so the question is for more for fusions like what is an appropriate threshold for the number of reads you would expect um I think like separate artifacts from something that's actual biology right so something it's just sub-conal yeah it may only show up in you know yeah I mean and it could have low expression that still somehow be relevant or maybe it was historically relevant in that in that tumor um I think I mean I could give you sort of a ballpark number between five and ten reads at least that you should have that would remove then those those types of artifacts that are the ligation artifacts in reverse transcriptase template switching but yep that's true yeah um sure all right um to to prioritize gene fusions generally look at expression of the of the exons that are brought together by the predicted gene fusion look at the if those are highly expressed if the expression is interrupted if we look at the expression across the wild type gene that would imply that the wild type gene is is less expressed compared to the fusion and we can look at recurrence across multiple samples recurrence can be looked at in terms of the pair of genes and then also it's possible that one of those genes involved in the fused pair of genes is frequently fused to other genes and that can be an indicator that that's a relevant fusion in the samples that we're looking at and then of course we can look at any corroborating rearrangements that we identify in the in the genome if we have matched whole genome sequencing we can look at gene functions that such as whether or not from say cosmic the the gene is implicated in cancer kinases are frequently involved in gene fusions and that the ones that usually are in the three prime position and also of course if one of them is already a drug target so another way of prioritizing these is to try and understand whether or not the the fusion gene product so the protein would actually be the transcript we translate into fusion gene protein that has some relevant function and the way in which this is assessed is by looking at whether or not the codons of the three prime gene are would be successfully be translated so what happens is a breakpoint usually occurs in the in the intron of the fusion gene and then at the junction between the exons of those two genes if we have a frame shift then all of the downstream codons will be nonsense and so this is something to look for that whether or not the breakpoint and the fusion boundary preserves the reading frame of both genes I'm just going to grab some water all right so it's it's somewhat interesting to look at analyze the gene fusion partners so if you're looking at a novel gene fusion to analyze what the partners general function is and then look at the fusion gene fusions that we've discovered so far in the literature how your maybe gene fusion that you're assessing for its function relates to those known fused partners and tyrosine kinases are frequently involved in fusions again usually the three prime of the of the partner because it's up regulation of some tyrosine kinase to change the change how the signals and are propagated through the cell and how perhaps the regulation of different part of the cell processes are disrupted transcription factors again are also frequently involved in gene fusions and then oncogenes are frequently up regulated by something called a promoter exchange so about maybe eight years ago Felix Middleman looked at all the gene fusions that have been discovered so far with cytogenetic methods and then built gene fusion a network out of these gene fusion partners where he took all of the genes and then just drew edges between those genes if they were fused in some sample and from this analysis they they ended up with three larger clusters and within those clusters it was mostly predominantly there was isolated or singleton genes that were connected just to one other gene and then there was a smaller number of genes that were very promiscuous so they would fuse to multiple partners in multiple different samples and so there's the possible reasons for this are that they were using targeted approaches and so that would sort of there's say if you have for the mll gene you have race assays or fish assay fish probes there where for which you're looking for everything that's connected to that particular gene that's going to bias you to for looking at only identifying partners of mll and so that was one theory for why it was so connected in that way now that we have discovered many many more gene fusions we find that the fusion network especially in cancers such as ovarian cancer is much more sort of diffuse and less connected it's more the case that we have just isolated pairs of gene fusions and then of course the question is what function of any do these have I think this so that the the main result of those these recent gene fusions or panfusion pan cancer gene fusion studies is that we have many more predictions but now we realize that there's these events are frequent and we have to do there we need a lot more work to understand which of them are just passengers of genome instability so would it be the same sort of ratio we possibly see for the point mutations of very small I think it would probably be a higher ratio than that because the fusions that we're we're talking about are there's a number of things that have to happen before they're classified as a fusion so it has to have a break point yeah it's it's it's more restricted than just say all of the break points that involve genes because then they have to bring back the proteins together in a way that like makes it so that that's not the downstream protein is not nonsense etc etc so but it's still a large fraction of them that's have got to be passengers that's so the question is whether or not there's background a background level of germline gene fusions that's a very good question certainly there are read-throughs I'm not sure I would classify those as gene fusions but read-throughs do happen in normal samples and there must be gene fusions that happen very rarely in so you you're saying that you can't just sequence the blood and then compare to the reference of like a healthy person if you talk about hereditary hematological malignancies yeah so classic example is leukemia if you take a blood sample from the leukemia patient you don't have normal in there right right yeah so then you have to find another tissue so um it's very hard to find the kind of normal um sets of the skin as a standard hmm and there's a lot of discussion because we're trying to set it up locally and microwave is a standard but one of the things I wondered was whether you can do something like benign or another third generation long sequence something that just long sequence reads that would potentially depend on the size sorry I missed that yeah so microwaves they won't give you the sequence level but uh so if you think about so tmps is too erg found in in prostate cancer that that was actually picked up by expression arrays using an analysis of just outlier expression expression and then of course they went and validated the sequence but you can still I guess you would nowadays though you would just use RNA sequencing because you get expression and then you get the tight level information okay so more on these landscape papers this figure is just showing how genome instability is related to the number of of gene fusions that are found in particular cancers so in the middle plot we're showing some measurement of genome instability that's rising as we go from left to right and then we see at the top the proportion of samples for which we find gene fusions is is rising also in the bottom figure here this is drawing the distinction between balanced and unbalanced of rearrangement events that produce gene fusions if you look at in general at the one at the gene fusions that have been discovered they're known to have some functional impact then more frequently those are created by balanced rearrangement events and this seems to be that so for for unbalanced rearrangement events the effect is uh predominantly going to be a change in copy number and so that's going to be what is uh driving a cancer but then for unbalanced or balanced events for like reciprocal translocations inversions things like that then the effect is not going to be in the copy number space it's going to be at the boundary at the breakpoint and that's going to be more often something that looks like a fusion or an interruption of a gene so the several databases for which we can look at information about gene fusions that have already been discovered including the TCGA gene fusion portal which basically takes the landscape the data from the landscape paper in the previous slide and makes it searchable it can also search for and look for information about gene fusions in cosmic there's another database called ChimerDB that builds on top of cosmic and a database called conjoined g which is more for read-throughs or transcription induced chimeras okay so now a little bit more about trying to understand the impact of gene fusions on the transcriptome and how we generally prioritize these events one of the things that happens is if we look at expression of the exons of genes that are involved in gene fusion across across the gene then often we'll find that at the breakpoint there's a transition and expression because the wild type is not being expressed or is being expressed at a very low level whereas the the fusion transcript is being expressed at a high level so this is this is evidence that perhaps this these particular gene fusions are at least highly expressed we don't whether or not they're impacting the cancer we can have groups of gene fusions that are similar just in the three prime gene that is say upregulated or has it is involved for some reason with it usually what happens is we have a promoter that is specific to a cancer that um is up regulating the same uh three prime gene so across multiple different cancers that's three prime gene is common and the mechanism for creating additional increased expression of that oncogene is just a translating location of a promoter in front of that gene and of course the promoter that is sort of selected is dependent on the cancer because different tissue types will have different genes that are turned on in that particular cancer and so it can be interesting to look at in this figure we're showing a set of fusions that were known that involved BRAF and then in I believe so gastric tumors and prostate tumors um the authors at the bottom here found additional BRAF fusions that hadn't been discovered yet and they were able to say well since BRAF is involved in the as a partner in these other cancers then they're probably functional in the cancers we found them in as I was saying before read-throughs are these types of events that you will find to be very prevalent if you're looking at results of gene fusion analysis tools but they're less likely to be functional in the the figure on the left here we're just showing what is the most common combination of exons for read-throughs and it's showing for read-throughs for for intra chromosomal events which is in pale blue here for read-through events most commonly it's uh say the n minus one exon of the upstream gene is joined to the uh the second exon of the downstream gene so basically we are skipping those exons the final exon of the five prime gene and the first exon three prime gene whereas uh for inter chromosomal events this like dark blue bar here then that can be sort of any combination of the exons and then on the right uh is showing across different tissue types inter chromosomal versus so we're showing the prevalence on the on the far right we're showing the prevalence of particular uh inter chromosomal fusion events and then at the bottom here read-through events and you can see that the prevalence across uh samples is quite high for read-through events and then across uh all of these across these samples for all of these read-through events they are present usually in just one or two samples except for this tm-press is too erg i mentioned this briefly but to understand whether or not the function of the three prime gene is is preserved after a fusion we have to look at how the resulting fusion transcript would be translated correctly or incorrectly uh in for for the three prime exons and there's a number of possibilities uh we could have a fusion transcript for which the exons join together such that the codons are sort of perfectly aligned uh and we go from uh a codon in three prime gene or five prime gene directly to a codon in a three prime gene that are fully formed uh this is about one in nine chance by random um at random also possible is that we have uh the exons are brought together such that uh just the exon right at the fusion boundary is nonsense but then we continue on with uh the exons of the three prime gene as being properly formed so everything is aligned except for this this middle codon and then uh two out of three times we have this possibility where uh their um the exons are brought together in a way that we uh the three prime protein sequences effectively nonsense between so the the one that I have my mouse over and the bottom one yeah so the bottom one is the one for which we lose the function of the three prime gene and then this uh top right one is probably um there's no loss of function of the three prime domains uh because I don't I mean generally one codon is not going to affect the function especially you know unless this is interrupting a particular domain in this example yeah uh yeah no it's just a nonsense codon um or I should make a sense yeah sorry about that yeah so I showed this this figure in at the top in the slide on uh complex rearrangements um chromoplexy in the rearrangement section I'll just highlight it here again because it is sort of an example of how we can get additional information by looking in whole genome sequencing and looking at the the rearrangements that are causative of the fusions uh here we see that there is this complex event where four loci have been broken, permuted, and then rejoined, and then those uh resulting four gene fusions uh of those four two of them are actually involving genes uh with known oncogenic function and those two are in this sample putatively they're affecting the cancer of the the biology of the cancer um and I think this is this particular example is interesting because it shows the sort of an example of a double hit where two uh one event is creating two gene fusions simultaneously so we can definitely get additional information by looking in um in the rearrangement space when we're analyzing fusions another example below here is a gene fusion that we would not have picked up in the if we were analyzing the rearrangements but in isolation because uh what we're showing is uh the gene fusion at the top and uh you'll see that the first and second exon the intron in between the first and second exon that's where the break point is is residing and the break point is complex so it's not just a clean break of two genes brought together in the middle of the break point there's two other one kilobase regions and so if we were to analyze the whole genome data we would see these three break points in isolation but we would never find the connection between uh the two genes that we found using RNA-seq this is just something to be aware of all right so to give a sort of forward-looking um a couple of slides uh recently we had uh a drug called Resopnib that passed uh phase three trials or it's in phase three trials this is targeting uh the ml4-alk fusion in lung cancer that is uh is active in about five percent of lung cancers and so this is uh I guess where our gene fusion prediction um from RNA-seq is coming to fruition and producing results in terms of targeted therapies and then finally uh also interesting and sort of in a future development is how we're now using uh gene fusions in the context of oncoproteogenomics try and go into mass spec data try and identify which uh fusions are producing peptides um and the details of this are in the slide but I think the interesting way in which this could help cancer patients is perhaps if we can identify fusions even if they're coming from from genome instability if their clonal is in their present in all of the cancer cells and they're producing uh novel peptides then these can be perhaps the used in um immunotherapy so targeting those those peptides in immunotherapy could potentially be a pseudo solution for some of these patients okay and so now uh that's the end of the the lecture part and I'll start the gene fusion discovery characterization left


Hey guys, Abby here today. Michelle from Style Maker Fabrics has just launched her spring collection and she sent me some yardage to use. So what I first chose to make is the bowline sweater by Papercut Patterns just been released. I picked a double knit jacquard fabric to make the top. The top is perfect for this fabric. I'm very glad I chose it. I think this fabric would be a really great choice for a beginner because when I received it, I just threw it in the wash on cold, I dried it, and it came out looking exactly the same as when it arrived.  It was not shifty at all. I just use pattern weights. It's a very stable fabric so it doesn't slide. You know a lot of knits you get are stretchy and slinky and can be very hard for a beginner. This fabric was cake. I barely had to use even any pins when sewing it. I sewed most of it on my serger but there were a few parts of the pattern that you had to sew with your regular machine. But I actually think this fabric would be just fine sewing completely on your regular sewing machine. If you don't have a serger, I don't think there would be any difference. It'll come out looking just as nice on your sewing machine. It pressed really well. I got a nice clean press on my sleeves and I've been wearing it today and I have no wrinkles so I'm very very happy that I don't have any wrinkles.  So pretty perfect fabric. I am very happy with it. So the second fabric I received is a chambray eyelet. I am a huge fan of chambray and a huge fan of eyelet so the two put together is just a match made in heaven. And I've actually never seen this fabric to purchase by the yard so I'm pretty amazed that I was able to get my hands on some of it. Obviously I have not decided what to sew with it. I originally was going to make a button up top because when it came and I pulled it out it was really really stiff and so I could only picture it as a crisp button up maybe sleeveless tank top. So then I threw it in the wash and cold dried it and I came it came out a lot softer. It is no longer really crisp. It still has a lot of nice weight to it because I think because of all the embroidery it really adds some weight and some structure. It's not super light but it's not a heavy denim either. So I'm thinking a couple different things. I might make it a cropped tank top. I was thinking about the free tape top pattern. That's a PDF that you can get. It's a racer back and it is cropped a little longer in the back so I was thinking that could be really cute paired with like a high-waisted denim skirt. And if I did that then I might possibly have a little bit left over for a pair of shorts which would be really awesome. Obviously I would line in something a lot heavier and more stable for the shorts or I might just make it a sundress. I don't know. The possibilities are endless. So that is the chambray eyelet and then next I have some more swatches to show you from the rest of her collection. All right so I picked up my absolute favorites to share with you from the new spring collection. So first up we have Rayon Shelley which is one of my favorite fabrics to sew with. It is drapey and soft. It does like to wrinkle on you but Rayon Shelley you can really just make anything you want with it. You can make a tank, a blouse, a nice flowy dress, a skirt. So I've got three here for you. The first one is royal blue and cream. A nice geometric kind of design. The next one is a pretty turquoise mixed with gray and cream and navy. And the last one is my favorite. I love anything floral. It is a really pretty gray and cream fabric. All of them feel really the same. They're really soft and drapey and just perfect. Next up is similar to Rayon. It is crepe here. The first one is very similar. I don't know if you saw my most recent blog post. I made a Roscoe blouse out of some birds. I really like this bird fabric and I'm really tempted to order some for myself. I can really picture it as a really cute drapey tank top. I wouldn't make another blouse just because I already have a bird blouse. But then next one here is a really pretty floral. Crepes are a lot more sheer than Rayon's and are a lot trickier to sew. They can obviously shift around if you can see how it's moving here on me. So cutting is not as easy as a Rayon and then sewing it. You will definitely want to use some French seams and really need to take your time with this type of fabric. Next up is some really pretty eyelets. This one is in a nice geometric design. Will look really great as a skirt or even a dress, a lined dress. It's pretty crisp. Not sure how it would wash up but it's really nice. Got a really nice feel to it. And then here we have a stretch lace. Love stretch lace. I know it's spring but I can picture this as an overlay to a sweatshirt if you wanted to make a spring type sweatshirt. I also have made a briar top, the Megan Nielsen briar top out of a coral stretch lace that looks exactly like this. And I wear it with a turquoise tank top underneath and it's really fun. So this might be good just to make a simple top width and then put on a different color tank top underneath to change it up.  They're all a different type of fabric but I paired them together because they're kind of crisp. The first one I'm not really sure what I would make with it but I just thought it was super cute. It could make a cute little tank or something with a button up. Would be cute in your kitchen somehow. Maybe incorporate it into a tea towel. Just think it's a really cute design. I love gingham. When I saw this I was like oh might need to get some to make myself a button up top. But it's a really pretty raspberry color. It'd be awesome for the spring. You could make of course a button up. You could make an dress. An older dress would be awesome out of this. And here is another similar one with a little bit of blue mixed in. It's a little more sheer than the first one. But it would still make a really great button up shirt. Definitely lighter for the spring. The next two are a floral design I absolutely love. I've never really seen a fabric like this one. I think it would make a really cute sundress tank top button up. Lots of things you could do with this one. And the last one is my favorite from this set. It is a poplin rayon I believe it said on her paper. It feels similar to a lawn to me. It's just a really crisp design. I love the colors together. Same thing you can make button ups, dresses, really anything.  So the first one here is a french terry. It's a pretty lightweight french terry. It's got a lot of drape to it. So I don't think it'd be good for a sweatshirt. But any type of long sleeve tee. It's got a lot of stretch to it in both directions. It feels super soft. Really nice. I think it would make a really nice t-shirt out of that. The next one is a little thicker. Perfect for a sweatshirt. Kind of this tomato red kind of color. Also super soft. It's got this sweatshirt on the back. Wouldn't make a really nice sweatshirt. You could do sleeves above the elbow to make it more appropriate for the spring. And the next three knits are pretty drapey. I think all would be really good out of t-shirts. A little more see through some of them. This first one is so a tank top, a t-shirt would be good for that one. You can see my hands through it a little bit. But it's pretty stretchy in both directions. Really lightweight. This one's a little heavier. Not as much stretch. And it's got a french terry back. So I think this one would make a great tee. Be careful. Obviously it doesn't have as much stretch. You need to make sure it has enough stretch for the pattern that you choose. But it is definitely a see through. So that one's a nice one. The last one here. Really silky knit. I love this. This would make a super cute circle skirt. It's a great color for the spring and the summer. It's a really nice hot raspberry pink color. It's so soft, so drapey. Really you could do anything you want with this. T-shirt, tank top, skirt. You name it. So that's it for my favorites from her spring collection. So that's it for my favorites from Style Maker Fabric's spring collection. And I got a little special treat for you guys. One of you will get to win a $20 gift card to her shop. So you can pick out your favorite fabric from the spring collection. So really easy giveaway for you guys. All you need to do is give our video a thumbs up, subscribe to our channel, and then comment below with your favorite fabric from the collection. You'll have until the end of the month to enter the giveaway. We will reply to your comment in the video to let you know that you have won. Thanks for watching. I can't wait to see what you sew from the new spring collection. Please tag us at inside the hem so we can follow along. See you guys next time. Bye.


Dickinson gets the 15-8 win over Denison here tonight at the Mustang Classic. Glenn Clark alongside Devils coach Dave Webster. Coach you've been here a lot for the Mustang Classic. Perhaps safe to say this might end up being your favorite trip here everywhere. It's first time we've gone 2-0 and that was a goal we put with our seniors at the end of last year and they've led us here. The second quarter you enter trailing 2-0 within about a couple of seconds you get the first goal. Did you have any idea of what was coming in the course of that second quarter as you were going to score 7 straight then and ultimately 9 straight. No, we were good when we get some early offense. We pushed the transition. We pushed the pace and we were able to do that during that spell and that opened things up. We don't name it an MVP of the tournament but Cole Pellecano would have quite the argument should there be an MVP of this weekend. You talked last night about how he coming in the weekend sort of not really solidified himself the way coming out of this weekend. How good do you feel about what you have between the pipes. He's special and the defense plays hard for him and everyone's inspired by his play. And another you know we talked last night about Ryan Campbell another day where he was a really true difference maker today. And at that position in particular the grind is incredible and two back-to-back efforts like that amazing. It's absolutely incredible. I thought the other thing too is that it's nice all these other things start clicking and then you still have Dylan Maher. Right. You still have somebody pretty special he can do some things when you need him to be done and another five point game for him today. And you saw he was really beat up and couldn't move real well and he's such a monster for us. We had to play him and he did everything he could. What does this mean for your program coach to come here and have a couple of wins like this. The statement that your team makes moving forward. What is this going to mean for them. Well it means for them that they understand what they can do when they when they play with that kind of emotion and toughness and play together. And that confidence is critical for the rest of our conference season. Well coach congratulations to great games to big wins for you. And I know this is going to be a trip that you'll remember absolutely the Mustang Classic for a long time. Great to be here. Coach Dave Webster from Dickinson. I'm Glenn Clark. This is Ben. Go MustangSports.com


Okay, so we should be able to finish this now Yeah for There's a 12-hour Minecraft stream after this Wow no mill you got your hopes up in the sky man. You need to get better. Don't let me worry about Something up low complete. I Got it doc 2.8 milliseconds Good work Peter Go Foreshadowing do you see that shot? Oh, I should have the screenshot of that. That was some foreshadowing right there I'm a juggler. I'm a juggler.  I can live without minstraft. Did you know what I? Prefer to play Minecraft This is dr. Octavius Yes, I call that a mouse. I call that unbelievable Do you need some help? Yes Doctor, what's going on? It's become that obvious my doctors call it a degenerative neurological disorder Probably caused by overexposure to toxic chemicals in my reckless youth Sorry, is there anything I can do you already are The worst part is it only affects the muscles the mind continues to work, but You can no longer do you're the only one who knows Peter. I'd like to keep it that way of course If you'd like to seek a position with more of a future Hey, I came here to work for you because of what you've got up here That's not going anywhere So neither am I? Oh Moment Stop What are you doing? Oh Peter before I forget I read the most fascinating article outlines possible next steps for the neural interface I'll take a look. Thanks, Doc Well, it's a diss over here. Man direct interface with the basal ganglia Exciting risky I don't know doc. You'll need a gallium silk array to make it work Even then odds of injury are pretty high I'm Peter is starting to suspect he hides it, but I can tell He's seen my twitch Notice the decay of my fine motor control. Are you clipped it? Okay? I'm the one who wanted a genius for an assistant. Of course. He knows I just need more time My work can improve millions of lives Save millions of lives It can also save my own But just need more time See if I can find some some doc ock Easter eggs in here hmm Periodic tably of the elements must be something French. Oh Well, there you go Doc ock Easter egg coming at you just Just right there. I mean I was looking for something more subtle But holy crap, that's pretty obvious That is a doc ock arm right there chat Anything else of notes of worthiness the way? I just Docs really sick at this rate. He'll lose control of his motor functions within a year And if we're not careful an intracranial implant could make things even worse Even alter his personality. We need to proceed carefully alter his personality Say it ain't so Peter Parker Say it ain't so we need to be careful doc. I'm sorry my aunt just texted No worries Peter. I was thinking of taking a break myself As soon as I check our telemetry data. I mean look at the suit. I'll be back in a few hours Would you believe it's for welding provides remarkable magnetic insulation and limits cross-contamination between the neural interface and arm It's a suit for shadowing. What's this the goggles these things Zee goggles school when he had to manipulate radioactive isotopes Says seeing them keeps him humble This is a goggles This is practically his whole suits in here chat.  I see a challenge chat My way now have you heard from miles? Good, I'll be there soon looks like the bomb guys mo only this time He's using a drone to seed spy cams around the city. I better round him up and take down that drone Taking out drones Do-do-do taking out drones Follow the drones as it drops by cams along this route for bonus points reversed through the blue connection field All right I thought I missed for a second. Oh, I'm not very good at this chat.  Oh, why are you going back and forth Peter, huh? It's getting away way I Lost it. Oh, I'm catching up.  Whoo silver. I don't care.  Thanks creepy stalker guy Did you keep leaving me tasks? That's kind of on the nose There's a group across the city. These mercenaries wouldn't happen to be your mercenaries. Would they unless you stop them that is For you I get to watch and learn new challenge types can be found across the city. You know keen Give me more things to do. I didn't mean to do that. You didn't know that either Hello, hello, what you're doing here.  Okay, but what if there aren't any around? Well, you can't just go swinging at someone twice your size I mean, don't get me wrong. I fight guys stronger than me all the time But when I do it, I have oh like that time you fought right on the Brooklyn Bridge That was so awesome perfect example if the other guys bigger you got to be quicker Okay Okay, but that's it's easy for you to say. I'm sorry. I just can't do what you do. All right, put them up Yeah, come on There's fireman is amazing first thing Don't let the adrenaline get to you breathe slow Breathe deep relax hip square to your opponent Let them make the first move. I use your feet when they go off balance look for an opening boom That yeah, yeah, that's it. Okay only this time. Just let me have it right on the job. Okay, I can oh, sorry No, no It's all good You keep that up and you'll be fine. All right lessons over gotta go. Hey Thanks, you know any time Oh Bonding with Spidey miles morale over this Why you got a blink like that? I'm playing this miles now. Yeah. Yeah, it's place miles. It's gonna hot dog Should be just ahead Press some juice Bro, you're not gonna believe this bro Spiderman totally forgot Yeah, I'll show them next time. I gotta go. I promise my mom I wouldn't be late. Cool. Later Casually running hacking app unlock. It's market. I can cut through there cut the wire. Oh this way Casually jogging Casually jogging. I'm coming. I'm going through. I'm going through kidding me Hack it Unsecure Y'all using too many napkins casually sneaking Casually sneaking me and MJ get What am I hacking you don't see me you don't see my curly luscious hair It's me go under the gate on the left over the scaffolding to the right Looking right at me chat. I gotta distract casually sneaking We learn from our mistakes Or repeat them So, oh, was that the glass? There was a glass. Oh Good good good. Okay. I did it. I'm in the clear Almost there you said I did yeah, and I chose this over more therapy I mean it was helpful the guys that everyone grieves in their own way This is mine The replay value. Well, give that played it once or I haven't played it once. I can't give you that I'll call you on my way home. You just saw the napkins video He's got more to Dude does he just he just it's so funny how he just He just does the thing with the thing.  Oh, no, no, I'm just glad you're here. All right, so, um What can I do to help? Why don't you start just by? There was a comedian that is imitating Eminem and he just says random lyrics everybody loves coffee coffee All right, and one of them was y'all using too many napkins Beapkins slapkins on the beapkins. Don't worry about mr. Hodges. He doesn't bite much Am I gonna play miles Karen coffin need help?  You mind if I take a look Hey, oh, we have a couple of CRT's at school. I know how to fix these Yes funds technique works every time Could be a loose co-ass cable be my guest, huh, Mr. Smarty pants, please go ahead fish Yeah, I'm just gonna have some coffee Wow, what a channel to be on They hear oh really city hall bombing as reports emerge that he used his own body to shield others in his last moments of life Hey, new kid Do nothing heroic stuff get himself blown up Hey, Ernie, I see you've met Miles He's gonna be helping out around here. You may have heard of his father Jefferson Davis Pretty great that even though he's got a lot of stuff going on right now. He decided to come and volunteer Don't you think? Yeah, yeah Listen, kid. I'm Sorry about your dad. I'm trying to see who's face. They did take a lot of people's faces I'm trying to recognize them.  It's amazing. Miles. It's nice to see you. It's great, man I'm an apron wash your hands and I'll show you around Hey, Peter Thanks for that back there, of course Bapkins Almost noon Sable should be moving dr. Michaels better get to the Bowery and locate him. Let's do it But first I have to go to the men's room and I have to do stuff in there that requires me So thanks everybody for watching feel free to follow the stream if you enjoy yourself I'm gonna take like a two to three minute break and I shall return for more spy their person spy their person Does whatever a spider-man can if he's not a pig, I'll be back. Thanks for watching guys Thanks everybody for waiting. I am back Let's continue of course some war torn. I'm out brought that up and now I can't help but hear it. Okay. Let's go Let's do it How can nobody see that like? Windows oh this fence. I just saw this Okay, so a lot of people that could probably see it still yeah, I mean nobody else sees them change Hey, Yuri You know safely I wouldn't do that silver sable made it clear you are not welcome. Yeah. Well, what's she gonna do shoot me? Honestly 50-50 champs Fine, I'll be in the neighborhood, but not too close just in case using way to many napkins Oh man Now it's gonna be really stuck away everybody shows up love in the chat Thank you. No bill for the $10 Gosh, this is the Bowery, but where's dr. Michaels? It's called GR 27 not Just be careful in the wrong hands. This is don't worry. We're the best in the world feel better already This will not go nothing will go wrong here. Check out the confession mate I'm really hungry, but I'm gonna push through it. Mmm. And I'm gonna play spider. Oh, there we go. I Can get cook taters and Minecraft. They will only make me hungry man. All right Here's where the 30 FPS really starts to shine He's really really high action sequences. You can really tell this 30, but we actually play you don't this these it's these These animated sequences whoo Yeah, that'll help. Well certain games have 60 no mall certain


own homes in suburban areas, but while there are many benefits that go along with suburban living, some communities face serious problems. This neighborhood is experiencing the results of inadequate onsite wastewater treatment. The soils on their properties are unsuitable, or the groundwater table is too high for their septic tank systems to provide sufficient treatment. When this occurs throughout a neighborhood or a community, a typical solution is to rebuild conventional gravity sewers that lead to a centrally located treatment plant. This solves the wastewater treatment problem, but construction can be disrupted and unaffordable. So what are the community's alternatives? An alternative for some communities is the small diameter effluent sewer, which collects the effluent that comes out of the septic tank at each house. The small diameter effluent sewer is especially well suited for a suburban neighborhood like this one, where the houses are relatively far apart and the terrain is not too hilly. The effluent sewer is also good in a growing community because it can be tied to an existing sewer system, as long as the existing system has enough capacity. Here's the main line for the effluent sewer. Not only is the effluent sewer less disruptive to construct, it also costs less. While the cost of collection systems varies according to site conditions, in Muskingum County, Ohio, an effluent sewer costs about $5,000 per house to construct. A conventional gravity sewer would have cost about $8,000 per house. Why are these systems so different? Why does the effluent sewer cost so much less? Let's take a closer look. The conventional sewer system carries the raw sewage from your house into the main sewer in the street. These pipes must slope downhill. Roughly every 400 feet, a manhole is needed. When the main goes too deep, a pumping station is needed to lift the sewage nearer the ground surface. Eventually, it arrives at the sewage treatment plant. The basic elements of this system are sewer pipes, manholes, lift stations, and the treatment plant. First, let's look at the pipes and the manholes. The pipes must be at least 8 inches in diameter, so they won't clog. They also have to slope downward, so that the solids can keep moving. This means wide and deep excavation, which is the most costly part of sewer construction. Manholes are necessary for cleaning the sewers. Because the pipes must go deep, it's often necessary to lift the sewage with pumps. This is a typical lift station, which can give off an unpleasant odor. Such stations are also troublesome and expensive to operate and maintain. Eventually, the sewage ends up at the treatment plant, where it is partially treated. Now let's look at the effluent sewer system. It carries the raw sewage from your house through a short pipe into a septic tank. The effluent flowing out of the tank enters an effluent sewer main, which leads to a treatment plant. Lifts are not required. Simpler cleanouts are used instead. So the basic elements of the effluent sewer are septic tanks, sewer pipes, and treatment plant. Lift stations are sometimes needed, but there will be fewer of them. There are two types of effluent sewer systems, variable grade and minimum grade. The septic tank removes more than 75% of sewage solids and nearly all grease. Some solids sink to the sludge layer, while grease and other solids float to the scum layer. In time, most of the solids decompose in the septic tank. Here's a typical 1,000 gallon septic tank. Most of the septic tanks will have to be replaced with tanks that do not leak, so that the effluent sewer will not collect groundwater. Because most solids and grease stay in the septic tank, there is little danger of clogging in effluent sewers. This means that they can have small diameters and even flow uphill in some places. The effluent from the septic tank enters the effluent sewer. The overall flow must be downhill. The other type of effluent sewer is the minimum grade effluent sewer, shown in red. The minimum grade effluent sewer is more expensive than the variable grade because it never slopes uphill. Therefore, the minimum grade effluent sewer requires more excavation. Dr. James S. Gidley of the Department of Civil Engineering at West Virginia University demonstrates the operation of the effluent sewer. The blue water represents effluent continuously flowing through the sewer. This yellow water represents effluent from a single septic tank. The effluent doesn't back up into the septic tank, and it passes through the low point and beyond. If a septic tank is below the sewer, its effluent can be discharged into the sewer by a small pump. An effluent pump like this one costs only about 60 cents a month to operate. The septic tank effluent contains hydrogen sulfide. This gas has a rotten egg odor and can also corrode sewers. It can be absorbed in specially designed, low-cost soil beds. Corrosion is avoided by using corrosion resistant materials like PVC pipe throughout the effluent sewer system. On the other hand, since effluent is already partially treated in the septic tanks, the central treatment plant can be simpler. For example, septic tank effluent can be treated in a relatively simple plant like this intermittent sand filter plant. Effluent can also be treated by conventional treatment processes like this oxidation ditch. The effluent sewers can also connect with conventional sewers, leading to municipal or regional treatment plants if there is enough extra capacity in the existing sewers and at the plant. Careful design can prevent corrosion in these sewers. Now let's compare the conventional gravity sewer with the effluent sewer. The conventional sewer uses sewer pipes, manholes, lift stations, and a treatment plant. The effluent sewer, however, uses septic tanks and smaller sewer pipes placed in shallower trenches and a treatment plant that is simpler if it is built for the effluent sewer alone. Once a sewer system is in place, it must be maintained to assure proper operation. Effluent sewers differ from conventional sewers in their operation and maintenance. To keep conventional sewers from clogging, they should be cleaned every one to two years. This is a conventional sewer being cleaned. Lift stations have to be inspected frequently and cleaned several times a year. Even a small conventional sewage treatment plant can be fairly sophisticated and require several qualified full-time personnel to operate. A conventional treatment plant generates about 55 pounds of dry solids per person per year. These solids are contained in sludge and must be properly disposed of. In the effluent sewer system, most of the solids decompose in the septic tank. The tank must be pumped out once every three to five years. Most of this liquid, called septage, is applied directly to the land where the nutrients are recycled. The septage contains solids which amount to about 20 pounds per person per year. Effluent sewers carry less solid material, so they may not need flushing. However, in Australia, where effluent sewers have been operated for over 30 years, annual flushing is recommended, though rarely practiced. The high cost of sewage collection and disposal is a problem that must be solved. Small diameter effluent sewers are a proven solution. In some cases, they may cost less than half to build in conventional sewers. Also costs less to operate and maintain. Effluent sewers are an alternative you should consider. They are used extensively across the United States, and they may be the best solution for your community.


One thing that's made a really big difference in my life is if I have this idea about something that I want to change, but I'm not fully convinced that I can do it or it's really going to make a big difference, I just commit to a 30 or 100 day challenge. So in this video, I thought I would introduce a challenge for this month that you could try and see if it really helps you. Hey guys, Alex Hein, author of the book, Milk the Pigeon, a field guide for anyone lost in their 20s on Amazon and Audible. Now there's something cool down below this video, which is for the waitlist for my program, Reinvent Your Life, which is a monthly program for Modern Health Month, the tribe and community here, where each month we go through a personal development challenge for 30 days and every week you get a new video and a new habit and affirmation to work on. That only opens once every month or every other month, and so the link below is for the waitlist if that appeals to you. So let's talk about some ugliness before we get to this challenge. Let's talk about the anatomy of an anxiety breakdown, or I guess you could technically call this a nervous breakdown because that's basically what I had no matter which way you call it. So imagine this, I'm in my third year of my doctorate, I'm still working 20 hours a week, the only student doing that that I'm aware of. I'm still trying to grow my business, pay off as much student debt as possible. So I was literally working so much that I would go see patients on a five hour shift, get off, and 10 minutes later, like in my clinic close, I have to take a coaching call on my way back from the clinic to go home and then study for three more hours. And then work on my business for two more hours. Imagine that almost seven days a week, maybe with the exception of Saturdays, which was just a five hour day.  You know, if the stress increased or if there was a deadline or midterms or finals, I wouldn't sleep well. But then it would go back to normal. Now, in this third year, I was having that happen more and more. And then I went through this breakup at exactly the wrong time. It was the fall of I think last year before COVID began. And it was a breakup where I didn't have a lot of peace surrounding it. I was wondering if I was making a mistake, you know, telling this girl was an amazing girl that I wasn't really sure about the future. And after we broke up, my sleep started getting worse and worse and worse. Even though there was no conscious thought, I was ruminating, but not excessively. And eventually my sleep degraded so much that it devolved to the point of me only being able to sleep three hours a day. So I went from being like every once in a while, I can't sleep to I can't sleep for more than three hours at a time. So I don't know if you've ever had that happen. But now imagine what happens when you can't sleep and you only sleep for three to five hours. And then the next day, you can only sleep for three to five hours. And then the next day, you can only sleep three to five hours.  Like, I mean, I'm like anxious, nervous wreck. I'm like spontaneously sweating. I don't want to eat anything. I'm starting to feel fear when I go to bed. So the bad news was that that went on for a long time. And eventually got to the point where I was like, I might actually just die. Like something bad might happen. I might crash my car and pass out.  I wasn't like up on the internet. I wasn't drinking coffee 10 times a day, just nothing. Around this time, as I'm developing, you know, steady clinical anxiety, clinical depression could have been diagnosed with major depressive disorder for sure. As I'm developing this, I find this book from a physician, I think 100 years ago, and the book is called hope and help for your nerves. And it's a physician who specialized in treating a lot of people with these kind of nervous breakdowns, nervous system disorders, where they would develop these kind of problems with serious anxiety or serious anxiety. Like serious depression and serious insomnia. Like, for lack of a better word, life threatening insomnia, like you can't, you can't exist because it's so severe. And one of the things that this doctor shared in there really helped me. She said, you know, one of the biggest things is the alarming symptoms that happen. And you just have to remind yourself that this idea of floating along with it, that things won't get worse. They're just going to repeat and play their course out. And if you just welcome them, you're not afraid of them, then it loses the nervous system energy that it that keeps waking you up because it's fear. So I started doing this practice, which was my version of the ultimate surrender experiment. And anytime these weird symptoms would happen, or more likely for me during the day, I was sometimes okay. But when it came time to sleep, that intense fear would come over me, because the only thing that made me feel better was sleeping. And it was the only thing I couldn't do. It's the only thing you cannot force to sleep. So I would just repeat that over and over. Nothing will get worse. I'm fine with whatever happens, whatever you have to do by. Even if you have to die, then just do it. Then just die. Like, I can't do anything. There's nothing left to try. So I would do that. I would say, do what you have to do. If you need to have a panic attack, have a panic attack, and you're going to feel anxious body trembling for the next 10 days, then just do it. And eventually, as I started doing that, I noticed that every now and then, maybe one day a night or one day a week, I could sleep. And eventually, after a few months, I got up to five or six hours a night of sleep. And eventually over a period of time, the most serious, scary symptoms started going away. Almost two years before those symptoms went away, which is effectively now. So besides that being the scariest medical thing I've experienced in my life, it really made me understand what living your life as a surrender experiment would look like. I mean, there is that Michael Singer book, The Surrender Experiment, but that's easy to do on a daily life. Like in daily life, that's much easier to do. It's not so easy when you have an illness, like maybe someone watching this has cancer. You know, maybe you're going through what I just went through, and you're at antidepressants or Xanax, benzos. That's far harder when there are perceived serious ramifications to your health. So this is the 30 day challenge I want to introduce because it can help you in lots of parts of your life. So your 30 day challenge is no matter what difficulty comes up that generates friction or stress or worry. You do this physician's advice, you float along and you just say, I'm fine with whatever.  It's okay. I know it's cutesy and trite and doesn't seem like it would ever do anything useful for a real serious problem. If you're about to like lose your home or lose your kid in a custody battle, but you're going through a breakup.   It's okay. I'm fine with whatever and whatever way this has to go. Maybe it is bankruptcy. You lost your job during coronavirus. You're so broke. You're so worried about what next you have all these bills. It's fine. I'm okay with whatever life you do what you have to do.  All I'm saying is that you're developing a surrendered approach to life where your nervous system is getting a break. You don't have to hold on so tightly. And the crazy thing is a lot of the time if you do that, you're still going to get the same outcome you want. The general gist though is not that it's going to solve all your problems overnight. The point is that no matter what happens, you're going to be training your nervous system to be cool with what's happening. It's fine. All right.  Let's just see what happens. This illness. Fine. I surrender body. Do what you have to do as long as you have to do it. I'm basically at the mercy of the seas. And I found that, yes, you know, I still had that problem. I still had the health stuff that took two years to go away. But it was a general role. I'm okay. Whatever happens. I'm okay. I'm fine. Do what you have to do. I'm okay with whatever happens life. And as I did that, you know, I noticed now years later that even when things come up my personal life or my business or dating or my family or in the economy or in the world, my nervous system has that imprint now that it's okay. I'm fine and I can handle this. So that is my 30 day challenge for you. I think it's going to really help you, especially in these times. But if you are going through some kind of struggle or difficulty, I hope that it helps you the way it helped me. Now again, inside my course, the reinvent your life program, each month is a link below this video for the waitlist. But each month for a whole year, we go through one category of your life and you get a weekly habit video and an affirmation for an exercise to work on that very week to reinvent your life over a year. We go through every single category of life over a year and then we have a live hangout every month, new weekly videos that we vote on. What category do you want me to create content on next? And that's all within that private community. So you want to join the waitlist when it opens up next, next month, add your name to the list right below this video. Otherwise, I'll catch you guys in these next videos here.


If you want me to continue with my work, it is crucial to support the channel via Patreon. Moreover, make sure to subscribe to Bobby's perspective on Rumble. All the links are in the description box below. May Allah bless you all. All right guys, welcome back to the channel. If you're new man with Bobby guys, oftentimes we hear on mainstream media that Islam is a religion of terror, that Islam is the ideology that created ISIS. We continue to strike the nicks of your people. Islam is an inherently violent religion and the other religions such as Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity and Judaism preach nothing but peace. Islam, however, based upon the Quran, you can find all the violent war passages. Nothing like it. You can find in the Bible or God forbid in the Torah. Yeah, well guys, today we're going to debunk that statement. We're going to check out what rabbis have to say about the current conflict in Palestine and what Judaism truly teaches. Guys, before we start the video, if you enjoy my work, leave me a thumbs up, subscribe to the channel if you haven't already and check out the links in the description box below to further support. And now with no further ado, let's have a look. We must obliterate Hamas, you see. And what Israel has to do, which I'm hoping, of course, they will, is they are going to what's called raise Gaza. They're gonna destroy it. What is important on this? Just imagine an Islamic Imam saying the same thing about Israel. Just imagine that scene, right? An Imam is speaking to the people and he says, we need to obliterate Israel. Now think about the headlines. Extremist Muslim leader is calling for Jihad. But when they do it, nobody blinks an eye. Stand. What the logic of the war is based on the divine plan. There is no permission from the Torah to have any mercy whatsoever during war. Not on children, not on women, not on anybody. Yeah, well, you heard it here first. Those are the rabbis' words, not mine. According to Judaism, apparently you shall show no mercy whatsoever in war. Moreover, you shall show no mercy to children or women. So now let's just contrast that with the Islamic conduct of war. This comes directly from Abu Bakr al-Sedig, the first Khalif. He told his military commander, stop, O people, that I may give you 10 rules for guidance on the battlefield. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path. You must not mutilate dead bodies.  Do not cut down fruitful trees. Do not destroy inhabited areas. Do not slaughter any of the enemy's sheep, cow or camel except for food. Do not burn date palms, nor inundate them. Do not imbecile nor be guilty of cowardness. You are likely to pass by people who have devoted their lives to monastic service. Leave them alone. And in case you believe that are making things up here and those rabbis are just extremists, their words are not based upon scripture, please have a look into Samuel 15.3.  And spare them not.  So there you have it. This is Jewish scripture and more over this is Christian scripture as well. This is from the Old Testament.  But however we all know that Islam is the religion of terror and the religion of violence. Yes, sure. But the point is right here that Hashem say do not have mercy on the children.  Why? There's no difference between them and their children. In 10 years from now these children will attack you on the way. Hashem knows, God knows. We're not playing by your rules, we're playing by the rules of the Torah. First in the whole Bible it says happy is the one that takes the infants of Babel and of Edmunds, smashes them on the rock just like they did to us. The last one, this is what we say before Ben Shai. Just the old Christian values everybody. It's lovely. The ultimate revenge, the revenge again I'll go, innocent infants. Happy is the one that takes the infants and smashes them and kills them on the rock. And then we bless Hashem for the food that we ate. You kill all men and all women, from Olel and Adionek, even Babies and Bresvitz. Amazing. Alright, that's it for today's video. Absolutely beautiful to hear it from the horse's mouth, so to speak. Those were Jewish rabbis, obviously. They were not just actors pretending to be. No, this is based upon their scripture, this is based upon Christian scripture as well, the Old Testament.  But as I said in the beginning on mainstream media you will find that the Muslim is the terrorist, the Muslim is always the bad guy. Of course, the people of Gaza are simply terrorists. What else? Israel has been there forever of course, right? It's not like it is an occupation of sorts. No, not at all. Israel has been there forever, the people of Israel have been there forever as well, and the Palestinians have never been kicked out of their homes and bombed for decades. That never occurred at all, right? And now out of the sudden, those people, they are terrorizing the Israelis. It's not as if the Palestinians are standing up finally, they do not want to live in that open air prison any longer, they can't see their children being bombed on a daily basis any longer. No, no, don't even think so far. The Palestinians, after all, are Muslims, right? Well, if you look into it, that is not correct either. Some of them are Christians. One of the oldest Orthodox Christian churches just has been bombed. But let's forget about it. Let's return to the narrative again.  They simply terrorize innocent Israelis. This is what the media wants you to believe. And when I speak to so-called truthers, truth seekers, they will agree with me in 90% of the cases, but not when it comes down to Islam.  I reverted to Islam, and there is a good reason for it as well, because I actually read the Koran. I read the Torah. I read the Bible. I looked into it myself and I compared those scriptures. If you do the reading yourself, you cannot tell anybody that the Bible is less violent than the Koran. And of course, you cannot tell anybody that the Torah is less violent than the Koran. I have to laugh here because I read the scriptures. Before I got ready to read the Koran finally, I was getting prepared. I said to myself, oh man, now I'm going to find some really horrible, disgusting, violent stuff here in this book. And I read the first half of the Koran and I couldn't find it. And then I said to myself, well, I remember people like David Wood, they told me the second half. This is the war portion of the Koran. This is where all the disgusting stuff will pop up. Guess what? Couldn't find it either. You cannot compare the violence that you find within the Old Testament, within the Torah, with the Koran. And moreover, you cannot find war rules that you can find within Islam. We read them out here for you.  But if those are the Judeo-Christian values that you're talking about, I don't want any part in it. All right, guys, and this is it for today's video. If you liked it, leave a thumbs up. If you haven't subscribed already, guys, please do so. And if you want to further support this channel, all the links are in the description box below. Thank you so much for your ongoing support, guys. And as always, may God bless you all. Much love and peace.


This ain't Southwest, this a jet.  Girl, real show, I just wanna see more. Ritz man, check the Ritz man, got him hot. Hunters in 50s and 20s, no fives and no s- She want it like me cause I- Like she can't count on him. She try to be nosy and hit up my ex, she like girl, you can count on him. Girl, you-


about this this is a cracked foot foot it's cracked the foot is cracked yes you can talk so that's why it's putting on this yes yes for how long now three weeks so how has it affected you can't work no more and what do you want Jesus Christ to do for you now help me to help me to help you I have two bad feet now I had a bad foot said eight years ago got my heel sliced and now this one but this one's not so bad so you believe in Jesus Christ yes in the name of Jesus Christ in the name of Jesus Christ be healed in the name of Jesus Christ be healed now you can walk walk thank you Jesus first come on let us put our hands together for Jesus Christ as you can see it's no longer on your foot can you tell us how are you doing Dennis very good no very good yes I can't complain okay can you tell us your name and where are you from uh Dennis I'm from uh Canada Montreal and you came from Canada all the way to here for this conference yes I have to thank my aunt she's the one that decided to bring me here for this and can you tell us why did you come here uh for this conference what was your reason of coming here honestly I didn't come for this I came for uh because I'm going through a divorce and trouble financially and everything uh going through tough times and uh I thought of like my life was going down the drain and everything and I went to something similar somewhere else with my aunt and she decided to bring me here and when she decided to bring me here my foot was fine and what a coincidence uh two weeks before coming here she goes up to I slipped I fractured my foot it was I couldn't go to work nothing and I was about to like bail out on coming but she goes no you're going I'm happy that I came honestly I'm very happy that I came come on and can you tell us after what happened last night that when he came to you what happened what did you experience sensation like especially when he put his foot on top of mine and then underneath it's like I've it's hard to explain I felt like some energy and it's like after like I was able to like I wasn't hurting when I was playing with my foot and can I say it's it's a miracle come on and can you tell us and Dennis can you tell us what did that do for you inside for you to expect for a change in your life when you go back home hopefully my life is going to turn around completely uh I'm going to be able to work when I get back uh and hopefully everything else turns around do you believe it I do believe it after all this I do believe it amen amen to Jesus thank you amen and Dennis can you tell those that are possibly listening through livestream or those that are here and they're expecting they want to change in their life what would you advise them what would you tell them to believe to believe in Jesus because he's there for us and no matter what he'll always be there for us we're his children and amen


Epicure tells us that we need to achieve this pleasure. What's worth pursuing are the necessary desires and necessary desires alone. Now given his view that what's worth pursuing is pleasure, it's probably pretty easy to see why you shouldn't pursue the groundless desires. I mean forget about that. It doesn't give you pleasure anyway. But why only the necessary desires as opposed to the rest of the natural desires. After all they do produce pleasure, don't they? And I think what Epicure's is kind of getting at here, he doesn't use this language, but what he's getting at here is that there's this kind of law diminishing returns with natural desires and you are really just to maximize the amount of pleasure that you can have. And again he's not quite a consequentialist at this point, but it's getting close right. To maximize the amount of pleasure that you have, well just pursue the necessary desires. That's what you have to have anyway and you get the most out of it. So what does it mean by this? Well think about a lot of the natural, merely natural desires that we have out there.  But we're talking about you know the macronutrients, protein fat, carbs in the right proportion. You only need so much. Right the amount of calories that you need. You know for the average person right, if we've all heard this number thrown around the average person needs 2,000 calories a day. Okay. I'm not here to dispute that that number or anything. Well let's just take that as a given. That's what you really need and you need it really in certain intervals. So you get all 2,000 calories in one meal. Then this is really not best right. It's best to have it kind of spread out this sort of thing.  Like quinoa is amazing for this. But beyond that, that's what you need right. That's it. Something like you know a you know I don't want to name any particular restaurant or any particular fast food chain. But your average meal combo at one of these fast food chains is sometimes two, maybe as high as three. You know it's probably close to two times, maybe not two, but close to two times the amount of calories or the various, at least you know at least the amount of calories that you need for that day is sometimes more. Sometimes more between the sandwich and the you know the sandwich and the fries and the soda right. That's way more than you need. And the reason why you get that is for some kind of taste right. It's for the taste of the thing. But you know what happens if you don't have that anymore. Right. I mean Americans are kind of famous for this. We have really terrible as in for us terrible as in for fast food. A lot of the nations you know they taste this like this is like this is coated in salt and fat. How can this possibly be good? And you know we're kind of ruined for you know actual taste. You know we you know we think of salt as the seasoning for meals and you know there's a lot out there right. So these natural desires that we have we try to fulfill them. It's way more than we need and then we miss them man. If you have really good food and suppose it's not just fast food. Suppose it's genuinely a quality crafted meal right. If you don't have it then you after you're used to it then you miss it. And these quality crafted meals you got to work really hard to get to them and either you're cooking it yourself. Which is you know if you're going to have a quality crafted meal you better cook it yourself. Or you're paying somebody else to do it in which case you're going to be working a lot of hours to do that. I mean if you're if you're having a really quality meal for one person depending on what it is. I mean you can spend as little as you know 40 dollars and as much as 100 to 150 dollars for a single meal. And how much time you have to work to do that. I mean think about what Epicure's has given us here. What you need what's worth pursuing are the necessary desires and nothing else. This is a life free of a lot of distractions. Now friends shelter food water simple food simple water pleasures that you could find right outside your door contemplating the nature of the universe of reality. Not necessarily to have the answer to have yet to beat your intellectual opponents into the ground and prove your intellectual superiority just the pursuit is worth it. To wonder to experience the joy of asking the question and thinking of different answers with your friends. No external pleasures unnecessary pleasures unnatural natural pleasures that require you to do so much extra. And they're not worth I mean why go after the blockbuster movie that costs millions and millions of dollars that you have to work so many hours to pay for. Now why go after that when you can go outside. There's no plot holes out here just butterflies on flowers still stillness of the mind a cool breeze and a nice trail. Why put yourself through everything else that causes stress that demands your resources your time your attention and you have to compete with everybody else for it. Why go after that when you can simply use your mind to think about the world and use your heart to be with your friends. Use your yeah use your body sure exercise sure you know just to keep up keep everything moving to have health and ease of the body and mind and heart without having to put yourself through the ringer just to get the latest meaningless fashions and cars and prestige.


Madaq Joshua has urged the federal government to review the present school curriculum as it narrows the scope of students' knowledge. He made a call in an interview on the sideline of the celebration of the 2023 World Teachers Day. Madaq Joshua said that exclusion of some former core subjects from the present curriculum was a limitation to the knowledge of students. It reflects the need for a review of the Nigerian curriculum and the reward system to ensure that we have the right set of teachers that we want to reverse the teacher shortage even here in Nigeria. So I join voices with governments and other well-meaning individuals in celebrating teachers around the world for their impact they have been adding to society. What a wish without… Hello. Hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Everybody forced here ripping 2022 bowman draft sapphire baseball five box number two random team style You can find these results anytime elite in sports cards calm. Thank you for joining everybody Let's get started here. We'll do a color recap at the end It's a go prism draft basketball coming up soon One sec want to see one thing before we get ripped in here more bowman draft sapphire tomorrow everybody to start the evening actually and Again update sapphire was moved to next Wednesday. We do not have the product It's on its way though Jacob Mizrowski Dylan Ray on the first moments Kevin Perotta Mets Louisa in alacunia Trace Sweeney yes on Morta Bell first bowman South Stewart the reds And you de cappy. Why is the same? Christopher Pashola William Bergola JR Richie Braves and a Zach Dean. I was saying he should sign it We should give it away. No, there's one that signed to Sean's one of one Tamar Johnson first for the Pirates John Kenzie Noel Daniel Kueva and Dalton rushing Jayce Young you go Tigers George Valera Justin Boyd and Danny de Andrade Homa Landon Sims got a yellow coming up after Eric Hernandez Samuel Zavala Padres 38 of 99 Padres color match That was for Jess Got Delos Santos Yeah, American dad Dustin Harris green for the raised Curtis me 37 to 50 Steal your Santos Brenner Cox Felix Valerio. I'm ready for like a A professional athlete.  It's just this is your name Hey bon, what's up, man? Randon Kohn Justin Campbell Cleveland Kyle Manzardo and Angel Sonny Deshara Sonny What are you doing out there? Ezekiel Tovar Owen Murphy first bowman for the Braves Jonathan Classe and a Curtis Mead Vaughn, who do you think is going to be celebrity game MVP tonight? Alan Serda Gabriel Hughes first bowman Rockies Kobe Mayo and Luis Mesa. You just started celebrating Marchion Gortot the Polish hammer You just started celebrating him. What does that mean? Michael Kennedy first bowman for the Pirates Denzer Guzman Shalyn Palonco and Henry Davis. That's Orlando magic legend Marchion Gortot Jonathan Mechia Harry Ford Trevor Martin first bowman for the Rays and an Adam Mazura Padres Oh, it's his birthday. I got you. I got you Happy birthday Polish hammer Mason Barnett Royals Ryan Ritter Rockies Yellow first bowman Brewers Jacob Mizorowski 53 of 99 and a Sean McLean Dodgers Orange after Nick Bittison Dodgers is a Kevin Altentara 25 of 25 Cubs Uh, we have not pulled one here back Jordan Sprinkle and Blake Burkhalter Von Melendez debacks there we go Bryce Hubbard Reds Elijah Green Nationals I know Ryan likes Elijah and Benny Montgomery. That's an expensive Santa Claus So people bashing it if I pulled this I would open another box Ever again, it's like More valuable than most players right now, uh, Joe Lamp Anthony Gutierrez Nate Savino debacks and Adele Amador Jay, I mean why open a box if you don't like if you don't like big hits Sure chase me a job Jason choreo Dominic Keegan and a Jacob Miller, but then again, that's instagram instagram is Instagram is instagram. Yeah Yeah, for real. I was like, oh man internet comments today are uh They're internet comments. That's for sure Michael nor Daniel Vasquez Kumar rocker And Cesar Prieto I think it does have reindeer on it Drew Thorpe James Wood Dylan Lesko and Colton Couser Oh, it's a downtown of Andy Reid's pajamas.  Yeah, he didn't know where he was for sure He was just he was just vibing I'm hoping he handed the Lombardi to another player not the some random person our olvera someone today Dude top, I don't know man. Yeah, it's funny when someone will come and complain about something That's been a thing in the hobby for years and it's not like it's not a bad thing It's the thing that was complained about you're like, okay, you're you are new Roger Garius you're complaining like a lot of people are either on the internet just to complain Just just for the sake of it. Yeah, absolutely. Roger Garius a Cooper's herb 9 of 99 cardinals first moment Carson Williams and Jordan Beck Rockies. Yeah, hard to imagine any professional athlete Especially nowadays can drink a lot during the season and stay in like good shape like perform well Robert Hassel Chandler Simpson Carson Milbrance and Jud Fabian Says he's gonna have 100 cores. He looked like he had at least half of that That's pretty funny. I saw a mashup today Where it was uh, he was on it was Fallon or like him He was on one of those talk shows and he was talking about like the the after party And someone mashed it up perfectly with like Kenny Powers. Oh my god. I can't unsee it now Like my home is Kenny Powers There's you need eastbounded down. You know Danny Brides I've heard of him. I don't know what's off my head. Noah Schultz blaze Jordan Jordan Mackenzie and Steven Zobac. Have you ever seen hot rod? We've seen hot rod. Yeah, he's the he'll bring the demons out of me. How about drinking green tea? He's that guy. Oh, gotcha. Okay. That's Danny Bride. Gotcha. Okay Jackson holiday There's a first Sapphire Jackson holiday for Orioles there or Orioles the Orioles Allie Della Cruz, Gabriel Rincones and Sammy Munoz Orioles Yeah, I said I said nice card for Orioles Verrera Pedro Pineda Cole Phillips. I'm not like caveman. Alex the Jesus Yeah, we just have a good card raise Orioles Yeah, cut our coffee with the Red Sox Eddinson and Paulino Brady house and a Pete Hanson I can imagine after just like playing football forever And you're probably just drained on energy and sleep by the time you get to the Super Bowl parade because you've done nothing But like celebrate and like travel and you're like, all right, let's get up early and start this parade and just start drinking I imagine it doesn't take much on days like that. Traylipscomb Ricardo Cabrera Jackson Cox and Emmanuel Rodriguez Hey, I like that renegade less words. I like it. Wreckley Giants Let's try it. It's got a gold. Oh a first gold. Come on Caden Wallace for a 15 Royals Steve G KC Big card there too Get another Magani. Let's go Caden Wallace gold for a 15 There we go with a pin tar right behind it and a Carson palmquist JR Smith, yeah I always think of reptar from the rug. Yeah, that's right Austin Hendrick, Alex Freeland with a yellow now First woman Zach Nito 11 of 99 angels. That's pretty neat.  I won't I won't do that but It just won't get top of the way anybody tonight. Is that a mag? Yes Nito's getting magged Drew Baker James Trianto, Samuel Zavala and a Cooper sharp Yeah, Anthony, that's never happened to me every concert or something I've ever been to or there's I have had to use a Uh, board of potty. I never get that sort of perception. What rd what rounds? What do you mean, Ryan? I was hoping you would know. All right mason win Tanner scoble William Kempner and in colson Montgomery What about the Wallace? What round he was he's the second rounder. I don't know. I don't know. I was you're asking Yeah, sure. Okay. So MLB is gonna be prime entertainment right here Jay Allen a young keel Fernandez Kenya Huggins and Peyton Palette Wallace had the walls have a bit of steam though for a second rounder We'll be Vasquez Jordan Walker Henry Williams and Jake Bennett Alex McFarling Sedan a raffaella yassa Mercedes and Ignacio Alvarez Sedan Sedan raffaella All right, Simon one Hunter barco pirates first austere colos and an eight vermin All right one been show Lamar king jr Henry Mendez and Clark elliot Ryan sermac with an aqua first woman michael kennedy 15 of 20 pirates Marcelo Meyer Gavin cross Nice cross Robbie Snelling Last parallel coming up in the last pack is a yellow. Yes on more about one of 99 for the rangers Yes on four rangers. That's what I'm gonna start saying And it chased a lot of regard for the guardians Donny Donny Donny I'm overachieving over here No, this is just achieving All right, that's fair I'm gonna argue with it I'll say above average. Okay. I'll take it All right, so we had a yellow. Yes on water bell Cooper chirp Jacob Mizrowski and a samuels avala green Curtis mead orange kevin alcantara and an aqua michael kennedy Burrow for bangle herber for charger. Yeah, I don't even say the s Steph Curry warrior Zach Nito 11 and 99 sounds like I'm saying I sounds like I'm saying his title. Right Steph Curry warrior Zach Nito to 99 angels uh evan melendez the 50 for the d-backs And a gold cane wallace to 15 for kansas city very nice cards there. Thanks again everybody one more sapphire coming up