At the San Diego Comic-Con on July 20th, 2019, Marvel revealed their plans for Phase 4 that included a Black Widow movie, a new Thor movie, a new Doctor Strange movie, several TV shows, and of course, the movie that got everyone's attention, Shang-Chi and The Legend of the Ten Rings, which is super awesome for Asians and Asian Americans everywhere as they're finally getting some representation in the MCU. Now, as a disclaimer, when I say that, I don't mean it as an SJW type of thing, where I insist that Asians must be in every single form of media, because they don't have to be. But when we do see it, it's kinda awesome and definitely deserves recognition. Now, I know you may be thinking, aren't there already tons of Asians in the MCU? What do you mean they're finally getting representation? Well, you're right. In a way. There was Wong in Doctor Strange, portrayed by Benedict Wong, and he's actually a pretty great character. There's Jimmy Woo in Ant-Man and the Wasp, played by Randall Park, and, well, I guess that's it. Well, yes, there's Mandarin in Iron Man 3, who was originally Asian in the comics, who just turns out to be a white guy. And then there's the ancient one in Doctor Strange, who was also originally Asian in the comics, who also turns out to be white. And of course Mantis, who's actress is part Korean. And Drax, who's actor is part Filipino. But they're aliens. So do they really count? And for the record, yes. I'm aware that he's not actually the Mandarin, just an actor hired to portray the Mandarin, but shouldn't the actor hired to portray him at least look like him? Are you just not off? Hey. I mean, sure. There's a few more here and there who have minor speaking roles, but for all intents and purposes, Shang-Chi is the first real representation in the MCU, getting a standalone movie in Phase 4. Not as a sidekick, not as comedic relief, but just him. Something Black Widow took 10 years to do. So just who is Shang-Chi? Well, he debuted in 1974 during the height of the martial arts craze in Hollywood, and only months after the death of Bruce Lee, whom his character was based off of. He's a master of Kung Fu. In his story, he's introduced destroying some bad guys in order to defeat some supervillain by the name of Fu Manchu. He's some Kung Fu legend who's actually revealed to be the father of Shang-Chi. In a flashback, Fu Manchu talks about how Shang-Chi's purpose is to be a perfect weapon and to do his bidding.  Shang-Chi doesn't like killing. Nevertheless, he follows his father's orders. He sneaks into Dr. Petrie's house and finds some feeble old dude sleeping, and realizes that he couldn't hurt a fly. But after this moral dilemma, he follows the orders of Fu Manchu and kills him despite his own morals. Just before escaping, however, Sir Dennis Nailand Smith stops him at gunpoint.  However, Smith explains to Shang-Chi that Fu Manchu is actually evil, explaining how he's a cunning and capable man who plans on taking over the world with his organization of elite assassins, Sifan. And he and Dr. Petrie had tried to stop him ages ago. Shang-Chi asks his mother if this is true, and she confirms everything, saying that, honestly, she didn't love him, she just married him for his powers. It's kind of shallow if you ask me.  Well, the story goes on, and eventually Shang-Chi teams up with Smith in order to thwart his father's evil plans and stop him. Yeah, as a side note, the name Fu Manchu is a direct reference to Sax Romer's Fu Manchu from his novels, which kind of propagated the overtly racist evil Asian mastermind stereotype, which is the physical embodiment of the yellow peril as well as the negative Western views towards the Chinese, which has understandably sparked some controversy. I mean, I guess I could compare this to if Luke Cage had an uncle named Tom. It's just that no matter how nuanced and interesting and complex the character is, at the end of the day, his name is Uncle Tom, and that's kind of the gist of it. Anyways, you may be wondering, so what's a superpower? He has no, well, that's not exactly true. He's considered to be the best fighter in the Marvel Universe, and he's so good at Kung Fu that it basically is his superpower. Yeah, he's that good. And to spice things up, Marvel also gave him the ability to make clones of himself. Since his first story, he's fought alongside other superheroes such as Daredevil, The Thing, Spider-Man, The X-Men, and even The Avengers. Outside of the comics, however, he hasn't really made much of an appearance besides being a playable character in the mobile game Marvel Future Fight, as well as the 2005 Shang-Chi film that was planned, but ended up being scrapped. What may be more interesting than the story of Shang-Chi, however, is the story of his actor, Simu Yu. You may know him from the popular show Kim's Convenience, as well as an extra in Pacific Rim. Oh, and these stock photos. I got this call to do a stock photo shoot for about 120 bucks, and I said, okay, I don't know what this is, but I had to put on a shirt and act like I was in a bunch of business meetings, and those images are now used on corporate websites, used in advertisements. I believe I am on the cover of a count of textbooks now. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Life's a trip. I don't know. Well, to be honest, he hasn't been in a ton of big movies or TV shows, which makes Marvel's decision to choose an unknown actor to play such a big role a really bold one. And bold decisions is what Marvel does best. So Simu Yu is ethnically Chinese, but his family immigrated to Canada when he was five. He studied finance and accounting, which he apparently hated, and did a couple of stock photo shoots and worked with long food productions before finally being tapped by Marvel for his role as Shang-Chi. From what we know about him, he seems to be a super humble guy who's always been advocating for an Asian-American superhero. In fact, on December 3rd, 2018, he tweeted, OK, Marvel, are we going to talk or what? Hashtag Shang-Chi. The rest is history. He and Marvel talked. After the big Phase 4 news dropped on July 20th, Liu responded to his own tweet, simply saying, And that's pretty much it. Hopefully we'll hear some more news soon. Shang-Chi and the Legends of the Ten Rings is scheduled to come out on February 12th, 2021. And we're all super excited to see it. What do you think about Marvel's casting choice for Shang-Chi? Do you think they should keep Fu Manchu as the antagonist of the movie? Let me know your thoughts in the comments below. Don't forget to like and subscribe for more great content. And remember, as we've learned, all you need to do to become a Marvel superhero is write some cleverly worded tweets.


I'll tell you what I want to talk to you about. You just gear on here to New York for the world premiere of Salome? Yes, yes, it opens up Tuesday night at the Rivoli. Tell me what I like to do. Hey guys, welcome back to Famous Luxury. I'm Cara the Vampire Slayer. Today we are taking a step back in time, check out the fabulous homes of one of Hollywood's most glamorous legends. None other than the stunning Rita Hayworth. Known for her bombshell looks and iconic dance numbers, Rita Hayworth was the ultimate pin-up girl of the 1940s. She starred in a whopping 61 films during her epic career. Dazzling audiences in movies like Gilda, Cover Girl, and You Were Never Lovelier. Recently, one of Rita's former properties popped up on the market for the first time in 50 years. And let me tell you, this place is straight out of a fairy tale. The lavish California estate is a storybook English tutor manner that looks like it was plucked from the pages of a fantasy novel. Listed for $3.95 million, this Hollywood Hills hideaway offers a glimpse into Rita Hayworth's world during her golden era heyday. Let's take a look at her impressive life and career. Rita Hayworth was born Margarita Carmen Cancino in Brooklyn, New York in 1918. Her parents were both performers. Her father, Eduardo Cancino, being a renowned Spanish dancer. In the 1920s, she lived at 480 Central Park West in New York. By 1925, the family had lived at a different address in Queens, New York. Both properties remain residential today. In 1930, the family had moved to Los Angeles. By 1940, Hayworth had gotten her own property living on Veteran Avenue with Edward Judson in LA. These two Los Angeles homes remain residential too. Little Margarita was dancing by age three and acting in films as a kid. By 18, she had moved to Hollywood and signed with Columbia Pictures.  Throughout the 1930s and 40s, Rita's career skyrocketed. She danced on screen with Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly becoming Columbia's top star. But her most iconic role was as the femme fatale in 1946's Gilda, cementing her status as a Hollywood legend. Offscreen, Rita made headlines for her glamorous travels and high profile romances. She married and divorced five times including to director Orson Welles. In 1949, she became a real life princess by marrying Prince Ali Khan of the Middle East. Later in life, Rita brought awareness to Alzheimer's disease after being diagnosed herself. Since her passing in 1987, Rita has remained one of classic Hollywood's most beloved icons. As one can imagine, Hayworth traveled a lot through her career, taking trips to New York, San Francisco, Honolulu, Southampton and more. She used her custom made Cadillac and you can check out her ride at the Peterson Automotive Museum. From living with her parents to her Spanish style hacienda, let's tour Rita's stunning homes and dig into the history made within their walls. Kicking things off, we've got the amazing English tutor, Manor Rita called home back in 1942. This fairy tale estate is on the market so of course I had to share it with you guys. The regal residence was custom built in 1934 by prominent architect, Alan Sipple, who designed many celebrity homes throughout LA. It spans over 3,000 square feet with four bedrooms and four baths across two floors. It also has wood floors, formal dining room, separate breakfast room, a panel den with wet bar, bonus room, two car garage, two driveways and a central interior courtyard providing additional private living space. Perfect for entertaining or relaxing. Stepping inside the storied manor feels like traveling back in time. Rita's home was the epitome of old school luxury. We're talking lavish details like marble floors, crown moldings and carved fireplaces. The place is full of old Hollywood charm, boasting details like beam ceilings, intricate ironwork and more. Right away in the living room, you'll notice the exposed wood beams in brick fireplace where Rita spent many memorable evenings. In fact, there are fabulous vintage photos of the starlet launching by the fireplace in this very room, so glamorous. In the dazzling entry gallery, the paneled walls were decked out with Rita's extensive art collection and get this. The adjacent library housed custom built-ins to display Rita's cherished book collection. Nearby, the sun streams into a cozy window nook, the perfect spot for Rita's piano and dartboard. Across the way, the dining room flaunts classic wood floors and enough space for Rita to host her fabulous parties and gallows. Now, the kitchen is pretty vintage with its cobalt blue tile backsplash and white cabinets, but it's full of charm. Next door, the cheery breakfast room overlooks the lush gardens. Up on the second floor, a palatial wood paneled study gave Rita with her own private workspace. She could also entertain up here in the expansive rec room equipped with a wet bar and neighboring kitchenette. The master suite features old Hollywood opulence with its dressing area and Jack and Jill style bath. And get this, Rita's vanity remains in pristine condition. It's like a time capsule to Tinseltown's glory deeds. The sprawling owner suite featured not one, but two massive walk-in closets because, hey, a golden age starlet needs a lot of space for her fabulous gowns. The palette here was ultra glam. Pink, silver, gray, and icy blues. Outback, the storybook vibe continues with an enchanting stone courtyard complete with an outdoor fireplace fit for Rita's late night entertaining. There are so many dreamy spots to unwind on this property. From the front balcony to the secret garden, it's easy to imagine Rita out here laughing with friends. So why was this man so special to Rita Hayworth? The home actually represents an important chapter in her life. Rita resided here back in 1942 when she was newly divorced from her controlling first husband. It was a time of newfound freedom and happiness for the star. How amazing is it that we get a glimpse into this Hollywood icons world through her magnificent estate? Well, friends, that wraps up our Rita Hayworth house tour. But before we go, answer this question for me. If you could have afternoon tea with any old Hollywood starlet, who would you choose? Let me know in the comments below. Whatever you Rita, maybe Marilyn Monroe, maybe Grace Kelly. Don't forget to like, subscribe, and follow me on Instagram. I'm Cara the Vampire Slayer and I'll see you all in another video. Bye. In a world where fairy tales and reality collide, a story of love, resilience, and transformation unfurled before our eyes. The story of Meghan Markle and Prince Harry, a modern day romance that divide conventions and reshaped tradition. In mid-2016, Meghan Markle and Prince Harry's story began. According to the couple, they first connected with each other via Instagram and were set up on a blind date. They tied the knot in May 2018 and now have two lovely children, Archie and Lilith Beth. However, this fairy tale was far from a smooth journey as it navigated its way through a series of controversies and thus inspired Harry and Meghan, a docu-series about the Sussexes produced by Netflix and the couple's archival productions that premiered on December 8th, 2022. Filmed in a Monocito mansion, this dwelling is more than a physical structure, becoming a living testament to their journey, a place where laughter, tears, and aspirations converged. As we step through the doors of Meghan Markle's Netflix house, we're transported into a world of luxury that mirrors the exceptional nature of their relationship. Every corner of this residence whispers tales of extravagance. Seamlessly blending modern elegance with timeless charm. Designed with a touch of regal elegance, the Mediterranean style abode boasts six bedrooms and spans an impressive 13,599 square feet, offering breathtaking vistas of both ocean and mountains. The residence is adorned with numerous terraces. Inside a grandeur envelops the space enhanced by majestic chandelier gracing the great room. Then there's the arched windows that frame each view, a space where Meghan was extensively filmed for the show's interviews. Located in sunny California, the home was meticulously crafted in 2006. Surrounding the home's exterior lies an expansive landscape with two acres of lush grounds adorned with enchanting walkways and blooming flowers that grace the surroundings year round. The ambiance is further elevated by the presence of towering palm trees, artfully trailing vines, a vegetable garden, orchards, and even a charming chicken coop. There's also a picturesque guest house offering a haven fit for royalty or famous visitors seeking respite under the embrace of Southern California's weather. Graced with timeless elegance, the living room here boasts ceilings with wood paneling and delicate beams. From this opulent space a seamless transition leads to an upper floor loggia and in spans that stretches across the entire length of the home. Three arched French doors open to reveal an enchanting view, an infinity pool, and a sweeping crescent shaped lawn. These same doors frame the backdrop for Meghan's interviews in the documentary. A separate dining room is distinguished by a silver leaf domed ceiling and from here a portion of the upper loggia unfolds, a space with a fireplace and seating, offering a place for relaxation. The residence's open floor plan has an Eden chef's kitchen with soap sewn sinks and marble topped island. Flowing seamlessly this culinary space merges into an informal dining and living room. Here there are dark wide plank wood floors. The main level shows the opulent primary suite, a sanctuary with dual boutique style dressing rooms and en suite baths. There's also an inviting pool that's perfect for leisurely dips or moments of relaxation. Among the residence's many highlights there is a paneled study, a well-equipped gym, a captivating theater and an inviting bar. Elsewhere you'll find two games rooms, a five car garage and much more. In this mansion each corner is a masterpiece and every element whether it's the soaring ceilings or the intimate covered patio contributes to the elegance that defines this residence. Currently this Montecito mansion is available for purchase at the sum of $33.5 million. This listing is being overseen by Ryan Malmston of Santa Barbara Brokers. Looking at the listing you can see the captivating visuals that offer a glimpse into this enchanting property. However the intrigue deepens when considering Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's connection to the house. Initial speculations swirled regarding them owning this residence. Yet it was confirmed that the house belonged to someone else and they just rented it. According to sources the Montecito mansion seen in the show is located about three and a half miles away from the couple's actual residence. Glimpse is previously shared by the couple hint at a design similarity between the two houses both embracing a laid back California cool aesthetic completes with one distinct feature, the chicken coop. Interestingly enough the estate featured in the documentary was purchased by businessman Mark Shuloff in 2013 for around $14.6 million. As the narrative continues to unravel the allure of this Montecito mansion remains intact serving as a symbol of elegance and style that continues to captivate on and off the screen. However irrespective of ownership the mansion's stately presence becomes a part of Meghan's journey. A backdrop to the chapters of her life that have played out both in the public eye and within the sanctuary of its walls. The elegance that this mansion embodies becomes a symbol not just of architectural beauty but will forever be intertwined with Meghan and their family. Now that will bring today's Meghan Markle's Netflix house tour to a close. But before we go, answer this question for me. Was it a disappointment that Meghan and Harriet to have their docu-series filmed in a different home or was it wise to keep their family safe? Let me know in the comments below and don't forget to like, subscribe and follow me on Instagram to chat. I'm Kara The Vampire Slayer and I'll see you all in another video. Bye.


But if you want to stick around we're gonna do a little Q&A. I'll answer all your burning questions to the best of my abilities And we will go from there. So thanks so much for stopping by like and subscribe all the great stuff and I'll see you on the next one So My favorite part the Q&A This is so good Crypto's a great hobby MS. Yeah, it's a great hobby Looks like 8,000. What is it? Yeah, roughly those steps today, which isn't bad But I mean look so many had 20,000 steps in one day. I'm as it I Can't even say that So that's a great question quit time says how do you how do you take profit when you believe in the project and don't need money And any urgency don't take profits. So there's a big difference. So actually There's two there's a couple ways to look at it, but I will tell you this so quit time I don't know what your specific situation is if you're just a baller and have a lot of money great good for you or If you're just like I don't need any money. Look, here's the thing The rainy day is coming and it's right around the corner. This is what I always think about I always think about I could get injured I could something could happen to me and I couldn't work or you know couldn't take care of the businesses or Something could happen to a family member health-wise and we need to have that cash on hand or Some kind of catastrophe could could strike our natural disaster and our home needs repairs whatever it is At some point the dark days are coming so you should always plan for those dark days And if you do you're gonna be a lot better out for it So right now you say well, I don't need any money because nothing's really going on But I'm telling you I am telling you right now How many people out there going man? I wish I had the money to pay for this project or this opportunity or to pay for I mean take your pick So for me personally, I always believe it's best to take a little bit of profits on the side And then let let the house money roll in or you know let it roll out So like a good example would be you put $1,000 into some project whatever I don't whatever it is that project doubles You take your initial investment of $1,000 out. You look the $1,000 ride and it's just house money That's like the easiest way to do things. So that's it Big facts kind of big facts just facts Rob Shields stepping I don't shield step and I don't even like stepping I did a review on it I would I talked bad about it if you're in a step and explain to me how great how why it's great First of all I bought a thousand dollar NFT and all they did was repair those stupid shoes And then all of a sudden people say oh well You didn't you didn't do the the the points in the right way or maybe you should just sell that one and get like a more Expensive one three or four thousand dollars.  So I'm just saying stepping not a fan Yeah, that's right Yes, thank you mullet I am I am the king of the show I You know and like I understand like if you're gonna call me a shill all I can say is just just use the correct title I have no problems with that. I am All right, so I'll have to answer your question Let's see. Oh Yeah, I just watched a video on a guy who put his there was a video on YouTube I wish I could find it, but it's the guy just talking about how he put all of his life savings in a Luna And then his girlfriend was like, what should I invest into he's like babe get in the Luna It's gonna be awesome and then he saw when it was going down He's like this is investment of a lifetime Because it's never gonna go to zero, right? And he told his girlfriend to put all the money in and then he was at his conference in Vegas and he Like the next day you woke up all his money was gone. I was like that's sad. So yeah take profits No, I shaved my beard and that's usually what gets me Here's a great question Rob, what's your take on a theorems transition 2.0 will affect the defi crypto like Kava We'll interest rate hikes have an effect on the crypto defi industry So interest rate hikes will have an effect on everybody. It doesn't matter if it's if it's Defi or or just a regular token or I mean take your pick or an oracle. It doesn't matter It's gonna affect all of us because I know people say well, it's it's priced in I don't believe it's priced in all the time and just depends if drone If Jay Powell comes out, I want to say June 13th or 14th, and they say hey, guess what? Did I have a basis points gonna be point seven five?  So yeah, and as far as like what's your take on a theorems transition 2.0. I Gotta tell you I'm gonna the reason why I go I'm going to consensus Is I want to see just how Exuberance the Everything's going on with a theorem. I mean I got it to me I think and and we've seen this with but fatality seems a little bit rattled I mean a little bit, but I would be too if I had to transfer a whole proof of work over a proof of stake It's like changing the Changing your car's engine while it's driving Just seems extremely hard and we'll see how it goes. How will I affect it? Could be a by-the-room or sell the news and remember this doesn't totally upgrade it to Proof of stake this is just the the mergers just the second part sharding is the last step and that doesn't happen for Take your pick. I don't know and it's not gonna Decrease Gas fees, so I don't see the big deal. Oh, maybe I'm missing it. So that's it There's not holding XP. I do own some XRP still Because you never know How many projects why are so many products not available to US citizens at launch because the government hates us Don't you understand? No, I'm just kidding.  They despise us now so It's because there's regulatory uncertainty That's why that's why I'm always complaining that we need regulatory clarity and everybody boos me down Because they're like no we don't need any regulation and then an F this and F them and blah blah I'm like look if we just have a little bit clarity and we know exactly what is a commodity? What is a security? What is a currency and what is property? Maybe we can move forward and then we can actually do some cool stuff like sweat coin That's all I'm asking for. It's not a big deal Of course people say well, you know give me an inch to take a mile.  They're not perfect. They're still made of people. I'm pretty sure So look we'll deal with it as it comes in Tell me the rules of the game so I can bend the rules to my whim That's it. Ah Oh Here's a great alchemist my man tokenized real estate. That's right But this one So Rob, what's your thoughts in the sweat unlock and token dump it? So that's a great question and we do we do lockups and dump it usually every video the last four or five times but I didn't do it this one so I just got a look at the tokenomics today and I will just tell everybody just between us it looks fantastic and You know, but I've got another channel Dan de jen and I've only done three projects That I would recommend and though first one was again. So Kishi Did pretty well, right? It's still it's still like the best performing asset in my entire Portfolio still and I was just in December ever done not too bad Went up to like 13 cents went down to 7 cents not a lot of dumping because the lock-up periods were long and fame MMA And that one did go up and did go down went up to 45 cents And now I think it's hovering around 10 or 11 cents, but still not too bad The thing that I always focus on is we'll make the cut. What's the community? How big is it? What does it do the utility? What's the team where they from and the tokenomics and I look specifically at What are the lock-up periods and who's gonna dump on me because I'm always afraid of that That's what drives me fear drives me and when I took a look at it on this one It's good and I will talk about it's on Dan de jen channel. I will not Do the review on this channel. This is not the channel for that. This is the channel for straight laced decent advice or I shouldn't say advice decent stories about what I'm doing. I can't give any advice And that's it. I don't Now the other one Dan de jen I save specifically if you want to lose all your money Go over there Because these are super risky But so far we have what oh, okay so here's from a From a fellow vet rob one of us and I'm trying to completely retire by the end of my 20 He's talking about his time in service. I've got 11 to go. Well, that's pretty good did nine I'll be 38. Okay for my crypto to get me to the age I can use my so look pumped up gaming you got 11 years You got 11 years. That's huge. I mean I will tell you this If it was me, this would be the best time for me personally This is the time to invest. I think there's gonna be more of a I mean if you just look at the four-year cycles We talked about this to death I think there's some more downside coming. I do believe that but I know That it's a natural cycle just like we talked about with that book Uh, this time it's different. It's not different. It's gonna be the same thing It just could be a little bit longer.  I can't stop you. I'm not your dad But uh, it is a For 11 years to dollar cost average All you got to do Is take a look and if you want to be safe like safe safe Just take a look at the different projects that have been around And which ones do you think will still be around? So take a look at the cut What's the community? How big is it? What's the utility always a do with something different? How's the team? What are they done? Where are they going and how the tokenomics might get dumped on? pretty bad and that would lead me to Take a look at this and when I say like take a look at things that have been around it's the same thing For what I talked about in a couple of videos ago Which was we take a look at the internet back in the day do you notice just a couple of Projects that just keep hanging around and hanging around and hanging around do pretty well I'm not I mean obviously Amazon did okay Yahoo dropped off even though it was top at one point But google's down there somewhere disney's down there apple in 2008 apple apple apple google facebook microsoft microsoft was for the whole time So for me longevity look at the ones that have Been battle tested and then go into that one. Okay So yeah, I think you don't have to go hard personally. I wouldn't go super hard, especially right now because I don't know what's going to happen yeah Do you have a checklist? Yeah, just you know what go over dan dejen and watch any of those videos the those first three I talked about You'll see in my process the whole way through and I'll just tell you exactly and just the same thing Worth why I asked it's only gain value just call the rest of america doesn't know the value here yet look There's a lot of reasons why People don't invest because they don't know how to invest and that's it And let's see my dog came to see me. Let's see and Thoughts, I don't know nx and o thoughts an xrp doge eta. Yeah I don't have any doge though. I got a lot of codonal and a decent amount of xrp. That's it and that's See And that's all we got great. I did my job Oh, okay one more so Ace davis because a good point we have to believe in rights to property regulation is recognition of our serfdom I understand your reasoning just don't see our masters ever doing anything that is our interest I will say this I mean there has been times when regulation wasn't pretty much of a good thing There's this thing called osha occupational safety and health act And this was in 1960s the reason why they enacted that it's because people kept dying on the job And then of course there was high cancer rates because you know these companies corporations were like well We can't prove it was it was us that caused this I mean I didn't tell you to breathe in all that asbestos so on and so forth So, I mean that helped A lot to keep people alive and at least a little bit healthy So there was that part and then of course I always like to say law 230 Which allowed the internet to flourish because when you have these these websites and they would say hey I don't want to get sued for libel or slander libel Uh From what people write down and these and you know for these blog posts even though I'm hosting it and or things that are said on there So how do we rectify that okay law 230 you won't get sued and that's What gave rise to a lot of these different organizations. So yeah And that's it No lambo free. Who needs a lambo? I have a 2018 dodge grand caravan black Moat has ridden in it. It's the sweetest ride of all time super comfortable and it's paid off Who needs a lambo? I got stuff to do and also have a dodge ram truck. So I mean look I don't need a lambo.  So look everybody. Thanks so much for stopping by today. I appreciate you like today's video. Give it a thumbs up I'll consider subscribing all things talk about our time sensitive And thanks for sticking around for the q&a. I do appreciate you guys and that's it for today So thanks so much and I'll see you on the next one


The long-awaited Samsung Galaxy S8 has arrived at Appalachian Wireless. Get yours for the introductory price of just $149.99 with a two-year service agreement, better service, bigger savings. That's today's Appalachian Wireless, an East Kentucky network company. With the school days winding down before summer break, more and more kids are taking the opportunity to sign their letters of intent in front of their family and friends. Prestonsburg Zion Eccles made his decision official today as he's signed to play baseball for Transylvania University in Lexington. Eccles said he's excited to play baseball at the next level, especially since Transylvania felt like home. Well, I feel like Transi was the best play for me. It felt like home the most. That was basically what made my decision. We've been pretty successful here. We have six seniors already, so I make six. It's a sign to go to the next level. I think that's amazing. They said I could be a part of their success, and I want to be a part of that. I want to have a chance to compete my freshman year as a spot, and I hope I can. I'm an outfitter here. I'll probably stick to the outfield. I don't know where, but I'll find a spot.


What's going on guys, it's your boy DPJ here today with another destiny video and in today's destiny video We have top five sniping plays of the week now if you guys do enjoy the video If you could leave a like I would appreciate the support so meet any badass clips You've got to the email or just linked in the top of the video description Thanks for stopping by as always subscribe for daily destiny and peace out until next time post control Alpha team only one path to victory guardians capture the zones Destroy your enemies Zone eight secure you're in the lead to the spark and take it to the rift Three down. This is amazing Gains the lead heavy ammo inbound Available double down Heavy ammo available five minutes left DPJ that's the game plays weekly snipes have the upload gonna have you a hype started in the UK now He's well by DPJ go and subscribe


Welcome to drinks made easy if you're returning viewer. You might be wanting where the hell Paul is well He's on vacation and so you're stuck with me. Sorry, and if you're a first-timer Why don't you go and hit that subscribe button and you can see Paul in all his glory? I'll wait All right today I'm gonna show you how to make the blue lagoon cocktail a very pretty pretty beautiful beautiful.  I really shouldn't say sexiness to give it that cool. Look, you know Sexy just doesn't sound good coming out of my mouth Garnish with your lemon wheel and then pop in a little cherry and Voila there you have your blue lagoon and I have no idea why I'm using a really crappy french accent Cheers from drinks made easy if you like this video make sure you give us a like a comment and a subscribe And don't forget to hit the bell icon so you'll be notified anytime we make a new video And remember to always drink responsibly because everybody likes to make friends, but nobody likes to make him in a prison shower And then don't ask me how I know that I just do


The final item of business is members' business debate on motion 11357, in the name of Graham Day, on banning the sales of energy drinks to under-16s. Sorry, that debate will be concluded without any questions being put. May I ask those who wish to speak in the debate to press requests to speak buttons? I call on Graham Day to open the debate for around seven minutes, please, Mr Day. Let me begin by thanking those colleagues from across the chamber for supporting my motion and allowing this debate to take place. I think that that support reflects the genuine interest that there is in halting the sale of energy drinks to under-16s and the recognition of the negative impact upon young people that there is of consuming those liquids. Like colleagues, I have been away for some years now of a desire and I need to restrict the sale of highly caffeinated energy drinks to miners. My own interest goes back to 2015, when the campaign group responsible for retailing of energy drinks brought their concerns to the Parliament of Memory Serves. It was our former colleague Sarah Boyack who facilitated the event here for them. I have already been hearing anecdotally of the impact consumption was having on secondary school pupils in my constituency of Angus South. While secondary schools in Angus operated in line with 2014 Scottish Government guidance to disallow the sale of energy drinks within their premises, I was hearing from teacher friends of pupils hitting off-campus during the lunch break, consuming those drinks and returning to disrupt afternoon classes, offering a perspective on the problem that one teacher told me. It is bad enough when you have one 15-year-old boy playing up. Imagine what it is like to try to control and teach a class when you have two or three. Three years on, I am delighted to see the growing recognition of the problem that those drinks pose when consumed by youngsters and understanding assisted by the Courier of Newspapers canic campaign. Scotland's major supermarkets voluntarily restricts the sale of energy drinks only to those aged over 16. Just this week, I heard from a head teacher of the significance of the problem that is remaining in our schools. He noted that the only way to describe how one pupil he had encountered recently after she consumed some of those drinks was that she was like a wild animal. A few months ago, following announcements from Asda, Sainsbury's, Morrison's, Aldi and Waitrose, that they were voluntarily ceasing sales to under-16s, I wrote to the other large supermarkets, urging them to follow that lead. I was pleased to receive responses from all those businesses revealing that they would be doing so. Poundland, Boots and W.H. Smith have also embraced that approach. That is a hugely positive step in the right direction, and I hope that we can all of us tonight welcome it. Supermarkets tend to attract a deal of criticism. Often merited it should be said, but when they prove themselves capable of responsible retailing, we ought to give them credit where it is due. However, just as important as the restrictions introduced by our largest stores was the decision of the National Federation of Retail News Agents to encourage their members to follow suit. The Federation's 1,500 independent Scottish retailers are now strongly encouraged to introduce the voluntary restrictive measures. The voluntary measures that have been adopted by supermarkets in the NFRN should help to reduce the negative impacts that energy drinks have and have had within our schools, not to mention the health of youngsters. Growing public concern on the issue from a health perspective is well-founded. In 2016, the British Medical Journal published a report covering 400 studies into the consumption of energy drinks among 11 to 18-year-olds. The BMJ's report found strong links between young people's consumption of energy drinks and a higher risk of symptoms of poor health, such as headache, stomach aches, hyperactivity and insomnia. Similarly, in 2014, researchers from the World Health Organization created a narrative on the current literature on the health risks of energy drink consumption. Their work agreed that there is, and I quote, a proven negative effect of caffeine on children. Continuing the report stated, and I quote again, that there is the potential for a significant public health problem. The WHO researchers agreed that public concern was broadly valid and recommended a restriction in energy drink sales to adolescents. Following a further report published by the European Food Safety Authority in 2013 that found that 68 per cent of adolescents regularly consume energy drinks with an average intake of seven litres a month, the EU's Health and Food Safety Commissioner at the time made clear that he would consider a move to ban the sale to miners. It was the first time data had been collected at European level to track consumption among children and adolescents. On the back of those findings, Lithuania became the first EU nation to ban the sale of energy drinks to miners, with Latvia following soon after imposing similar measures. However, it needs to be recognised that there have been successful legal challenges mounted elsewhere, in France, for example, when bans have been introduced. The EU celebrity chef Jamie Oliver is campaigning for such a move UK-wide. He wrote to me a few weeks back, coming out of suggestions, and I might be minded to bring forward a member's bill to that effect in Scotland. Given the momentum behind retailers and other businesses taking voluntary measures, I understand that the Orion Cinema Group and the Petrol station chain Shell have also now ceased selling energy drinks to under-16s. I am not inclined to do that at this time. We should, I think, take time to consider both the challenges and the possible benefits that legal restrictions on the sale of energy drinks to under-16s could encounter, not to mention the extent to which voluntary action might actually get us where we need to go on this issue. Although, sitting alongside that, all of us should actively engage with other retailers and businesses who currently sell such liquid to under-16s, seeking to control, persuade and encourage them to follow where others have already chosen to go. Would it not be great if we could reach our destination without the need for legislation? However, I do believe that there is an accompanying role here for Government in further raising awareness of the detrimental health impacts of under-16s consuming these drinks, targeting the youthful consumers, their parents and those selling them who have not yet seen the light, as it were, and would, for example, the forthcoming obesity strategy, offer a platform for doing that and perhaps providing guidance for retailers around the issue. The consumption of these drinks crosses a number of health areas. Today in Scotland, 29 per cent of children are obese or overweight, and almost a third of our primary school children have obvious dental decay. Restricting the sale of energy drinks that are not only high in caffeine but, in many cases, are also rammed full of sugar to Scotland's young people can play a part in establishing a healthier diet for the future of our nation. Given the substantial public and media interest in the issue, even if the co-operation of retailers means introducing a ban ultimately is judged unnecessary, I do not believe that that is going away any time soon. As I said, I think that, away from any longer-term legislative solutions, there has to be a role for us as politicians in highlighting it and encouraging other retailers to self-restrain. We can also engage with our local authorities in their armed lens leather leisure organisations to ensure that they are not allowing access to these drinks. Some of them, I know, have taken such action. There is no harm in double-checking the extent to which that is the case. We may still need to encourage the supermarkets who have taken the right policy decision to ensure that it is filtering through to the store level. Just yesterday, I was told of a supermarket in Edinburgh where the sale to under-16s may still be going on. That said, Presiding Officer, I am hopeful on this matter. Awareness and understanding is growing, and supermarkets and others have shown welcome responsibility on it. Our takeaway from tonight should be to spread the word and find ways of encouraging others to follow suit. We move to the open debate. The speeches have up to four minutes, please. Brian Whittle to be followed by Maree Gougeon. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer, and I thank Graham Dave for securing time in the Parliament to debate this. I think that it is a hugely important topic that has ramifications across many other debates that we have in here. This first came to light for me when, funnily enough, standing outside a polling station in Darvel, where opposite to the polling station, the kids were all catching the bus to go to school. Being the anorac that I am in this particular arena, I was noting what the kids were eating on the way in, away to the bus stop. I noticed a young child with a can of this energy drink along with a huge bag of fizzy sweets and eating and drinking on the way to the bus stop. What kind of state would that child be in when he sat down for his first class at 9 o'clock and then looked at what everybody else was eating in the queue? Not many of them were eating a fruit salad, or something similar. It is an issue that we need to discuss. There is a tension between restricting what our children need and allowing them the freedom to choose. That is probably where the debate should be, because all of us would agree that those kinds of energy drinks are inherently bad, especially at the younger age group. One of the things that I wanted to highlight is the need for us to consider this in the round to consider Scotland's relationship with food, drink and physical activity and how we impact that. There is an impact on health both physically and mentally. I wanted, especially after today's debate, to highlight a quote that I was going to say from a doctor, David Kingdon, who is a professor of healthcare delivery at the University of Southampton when he said, ìCan we prevent mental health problems? Of course, the evidence is incontrovertible, so why don't we, the problems often start in childhood, but we spend most of our resources on dealing with the consequences in hospital and in prisons?î We should consider this in the general health issue. The other thing that I wanted to quote was from the mental health foundation presentation, Food for Thought, when it said one of the most obvious unrecognised factors in the development of mental health is nutrition. There is a growing body of evidence indicating that nutrition may play an important part in the role of prevention, development and management of diagnosed mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, ADHD and dementia. There is a growing recognition that there is something to tackle, but in banning a product in and of itself is not the solution, so I would like to see it as part of a much wider strategy. In the two years that I have been here, there is more and more focus coming on to this particular topic, and there are dots out there. If we start to change, I think that it could lead us to a different pathway, not just in banning those drinks. We are looking at a beastie strategy that is coming out of schoon. We are all looking at a good food nation strategy. We are looking at how we procure food as well. I think that there are a lot of the elements that can help us to deliver a healthier Scotland. As you know, Presiding Officer, I could talk about this stuff forever and ever. In fact, it is all I have got to do. I think that it is also just to finish that we also need to be cognisant of our planning, the environment around our schools. One of the things that we should be considering is what age do we allow our children to leave school? At dinner time, as I said, I have never understood teaching them health in school, when I am opening the gates and allowing them to walk across the road and by having access to those things. There are lots of moving parts on this. I thank you for Graham Day for bringing this to the chamber. I think that it is an element of a much wider strategy, and I would support it. Again, I echo what Brian Whittle said and start by thanking Graham Day for securing the debate today on such an important subject. We have to take a serious look at it. That is where I agree with what Brian Whittle said in his speech. It is not just the case of looking at a ban as a solution in itself. It is all the wider things around that and the environment around our schools. I completely agree with those arguments. The debate is also very timely for me. I decided to enter it because I was listening to an interview on radio 2 last week with Jan Halper Hayes. Her son Matthew died after consuming a considerable volume of energy drinks with alcohol aged only 19. He is believed to have caused a blood clot in the arteries of his lungs, which killed him instantly. I know that that is not directly related to the motion today, but it is because of that and because of the dangers that those drinks pose and the effect that they have, particularly on our young people, that I wholeheartedly support Graham Day's motion in welcoming the actions that have been taken so far by the national federation of retail news agents and major supermarkets and encourage all retailers to ban the sale of energy drinks to under-16s. According to research from 2016, the UK has the second-highest consumption of energy drinks per head in the world and that is second only to Austria, which is the home of Red Bull. Sales of them in the UK increased by 155 per cent between 2006 and 2014. A number of studies have been undertaken to assess the impact of energy drinks on young people. One in particular by Hutan and Et al in 2013 looked at data from over 10,000 adolescents in Finland. That study found that daily consumption of energy drinks was strongly associated with four caffeine-induced health complaints—headaches, sleeping problems, irritation, tiredness and fatigue. A similar study in Iceland, with over 11,000 children—this time aged between 10 and 12—found that instances of headaches, stomach pains and sleeping problems generally increased, where reported consumption of energy drinks increased. Those symptoms caused by energy drinks have been clear for those working in our schools to see and for quite a long time now. Forfer Academy, in my constituency, was the first school in Angus and one of the first across the country to ban energy drinks on its grounds. That was instigated by former headteacher, Milvyn Lynch, in 2016, who had written to the parents stating that it is our opinion that those drinks are a danger to the health of our young people and that they contain no nutritional benefits. In addition to those health risks, we are also extremely concerned about the effect that those drinks are having on the behaviour of our young people. They can cause conflict with staff when pupils are advised that they should not be consuming those drinks in classes. We have also had occasions where pupils who have consumed energy drinks have been involved in more serious incidents that have led to exclusion. Although energy drinks are not solely to blame for that in discipline, we believe that they are a contributory factor. That view has since been shared and implemented more widely by all schools in Angus and across Scotland who do not allow those drinks on their grounds, as well as by small and large retailers alike. However, although all those issues are bad enough in and of themselves, there are a number of serious health risks associated with excessively high caffeine consumption, palpitations, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, metabolic acidosis, convulsions and, in rare cases, even death. A study that was published in the journal of the American Heart Association found in a controlled trial that energy drinks can cause potentially harmful changes to heart function and to blood pressure. Those are the dangers associated with the caffeine content of those drinks alone. That is before we add the added impact of the high sugar levels, as well as the impact when those drinks are combined with physical activity or with alcohol, such as in the tragic case of Matthew Halkler Hayes that I mentioned earlier. The effects of energy drink consumption simply cannot be ignored. One of the UK's largest teaching unions described energy drinks as readily available legal highs. With all the devastating impact that legal highs had on people's lives, we acted on it and we have to do something here. We need to act now to prevent the immediate impacts that those drinks have on our young people and others who consume them regularly in excessive amounts, but also to prevent what could be a serious public health problem further down the line. That is why I am happy to support Graham Day's motion. I thank Graham Day for bringing this important issue to the chamber and for the content of his speech. Issues surrounding possible health risks for young people in Scotland are not something to be taken lightly. I am encouraged by the cross-party support that is on the issue. In the past few years, the volume of energy drinks consumed in the UK has increased enormously. I have a different set of statistics to marry Gougeon, but they tell the same story. The British Nutrition Foundation tells us that consumption has increased from 463 million litres in 2010 to a staggering 672 million litres in 2016, and the figures are continuing to go the wrong way. The Foundation also established that UK adolescents consumed the highest amount of energy drinks out of 16 EU countries surveyed, with teenagers drinking something like 3.1 litres a month compared to the EU average of 2 litres. That is a staggering 50 per cent more. If Scottish young people were leading the way in the consumption of any other product that had such adverse effects on their health, there would be public outcry and robust legislative change. What is it about energy drinks that we are so willing to ignore the hazards of? Let me at the outset praise the actions of retailers. Graham Day listed many of them in my constituency, Waitrose, Morrison's, Asda and Aldi. They have all taken it upon themselves to ban the sale of those drinks to under-16s. Although welcome, that is, it should not necessarily be voluntary in nature. The EU food information regulation requires drinks that contain caffeine at a level of over 150 milligrams per litre to state so on the label to say that high caffeine content is not recommended for children or breastfeeding women. Caffeine, we know, can have adverse effects on our mental health, on the behaviours of young people and, indeed, others. Labelling is clear about the impact, but I think that there is a case for going further and I would be interested in exploring that. The health risks of having too much caffeine for anyone at any age are widely known. We have had debates in this chamber before about caffeinated alcohol, creating wired, wider-weight drunks, and the mix of caffeine and alcohol, frankly, is deadly. Why, then, do we allow a child to walk into some shops and purchase a can of monster, which comes in at a whopping 338.1 milligrams per litre, or red bull, with its 319.8 milligrams of caffeine per litre? The level of caffeine on a young and still developing body can have major neurological and cardiovascular side effects. Excessive caffeine consumption, which, drinking just one energy drink would be classed as, can cause interrupted sleep, anxiety and behavioural changes. Speaking as both the parent and the politician, those are not traits that any of us want to see in our young people as they are growing, as they are learning and, indeed, as they are sitting exams, which will have a huge impact on their future. It is vital that drinks that have had caffeine added to them for effectively a physiological side effect are regulated, both in terms of who can buy them and how much caffeine is allowed. There may be ways around regulation, but we need to turn our attention to that. Mary Gougeon pointed out that the same worries exist for the quantities of sugar found in those drinks. The combination of sugar, caffeine and artificial additives creates a cocktail of both short- and long-term health risks. Food nutrition foundations found that if a 16-year-old were to consume just one can of an energy drink in a day, they would have already exceeded the daily recommended sugar intake for that day. Let me illustrate that. One can of the energy drink, Rockstar, has 20 teaspoons of sugar in it—just one can. We already have an epidemic of childhood obesity in the country, and that will continue to rise. It is the equivalent of three bars of chocolate, sitting and eating three bars of chocolate in one go, and we are complicit in the consumption of energy drinks. In coming to a conclusion, I welcome the voluntary action by the supermarkets and others, but I think that Government has a role in education and awareness raising, in labelling, in age restrictions, in changing the recipe indeed and limiting the amount of caffeine that is there. In conclusion, let me thank Graham Day again for raising—I know two conclusions, Presiding Officer—awarness of this important issue in the chamber. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Can I join other members in thanking Graham Day for bringing forward this topic for debate? I think that this has become a bit of a touchstone issue. Many people have written to me about it, and I think that in many ways the issue of energy drinks is a bit of an indicator about the health of our wider food culture as well. It also brings into sharp focus the responsibilities of food companies, the responsibilities of public institutions and retailers as well, and the kind of action that we need to take on the back of that. I can also join members in congratulating the courier on their CANET campaign to get energy drinks banned from schools. I was delighted to back the campaign when it launched back in 2016, and since then, schools across Courier country, from Blair Gary High to Wade academy, have been backing the ban. The campaign has brought a much-needed debate about the health impacts of those drinks in classrooms, but it has also opened up a welcome talking point around diet within many families, including my own. It is clear that energy drinks are not recommended for children. In fact, as we have heard already, every CAN states that exactly on its side. No wonder, because regular consumption of high-calorie, high-caffeine energy drinks has been linked to anxiety, behavioural disorders, nausea, tooth decay, obesity and even breathing difficulties. It must be a nightmare to teach a class fuelled on energy drinks, and it cannot be a good environment to learn in either. I am pleased that the drive for a ban in schools has been coming not just from the teachers, but also from the pupils. The origin of those drinks comes from their use in extreme sports, long-distance driving, tiring working environments, where they have been designed as an artificial fix for flagging concentrations and fatigue. They obviously should not be the daily breakfast on the way to school, yet we can all see the empty cans and bottles littering our communities. There was a time when a bowl of ready breakfast was a breakfast with magical energy-boosting properties, but it seems no more. Of course, food and drink is a complex issue for young people. It is not just about taste, it is about the social aspect of school lunch times, as well as the social aspect of the start and end of the day. I was amazed when visiting a high school recently how the rush to get served quick and get a seat with your mates at lunch time was the biggest factor in whether to join the fast food queue or not. It was not actually about the food, it was more about the social aspect of eating and the choices that young people make. We need to listen to the experiences that young people have, understand that food and drink is sociable and fun, and also offer menus and eating experiences throughout the day that provide a healthy but exciting set of choices on a budget. It is perfectly possible to achieve this. There are many schools across Scotland that are getting the food culture right, that are getting the sense of choice right, and programmes such as Food for Life, which is now being extended across Scotland to all 32 local authorities, are doing great work in helping local authorities and school menus development evolve over time. I welcome that, as many members have reflected on, major retailers have now banned the sale of high-calorie drinks to young people under the age of 16. That is clearly the right thing to do. With convenience stores, there is perhaps slower progress with just over half voluntarily banning sales to under 16s. Of course, it only takes one local store near a school that is prepared to retail energy drinks for that supplier then to become the main shop that local children will go to to buy energy drinks and indeed other food stuffs as well that are perhaps unhealthy. The association of convenience stores believes that such a ban would be challenging to enforce, but it also acknowledges that the sector is already effective at enforcing age restrictions on a wide range of products from tobacco to alcohol, fireworks and solvents. I think that the jury is out on whether a voluntary approach will be effective going forward, but if it is not and it does not prove its worth, then a legal ban should be on the cards to get energy drinks out of our school bags for good. Bruce Crawford, to be followed by Alison Harris. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Like others, I sincerely thank my friend and colleague Graham Day for bringing this debate to the chamber. This is an important issue and I would like to see that it gathered support from MSPs of most parties represented in this Parliament. I remember vividly a parliamentary by-election in Aberdeen a number of years ago. A few of us—indeed a number of us—fuelled ourselves on copious amounts of one particular energy drink. I will not be discourteous and mention the name of that particular drink. Nevertheless, despite the branding, nobody on the campaign team appeared to notice the wings that I had sprouted. Once the campaign team day was over, I and others had fuelled ourselves thoroughly with this stuff to get us through some very, very long days. However, what happened was that we experienced headaches and lightheadedness, and that was a group of us. It was that moment that I truly became very aware of the damaging impact that this stuff was having on my person, and goodness knows what it was doing to others. It has long been my view that high-cavenated food and drink products should not be consumed by children and young people. It is clear to me—and I know to many others members—that the artificial increase in a person's pulse rate through chemical induction, because that is what it is, cannot be good for anyone. Never mind a person still on their stages of development. Graham Day spoke of the experiences that teachers in his constituency have had in regard to disruptive pupils who were sold energy drinks down the street at lunchtime. I confirm to him that that is not just a problem in South Angus, or Angus South, to be more precise. Teachers in my constituency in Stirling know all too well of the detrimental effect of energy drinks on the behaviour of children and young people. What a potentially devastating prospect that this is is that education experiences of children and young people are being impacted on by potentially dangerous and high levels of caffeine and even toorain buzzing about in their systems. As we have heard before, a report from the British Medical Journal has previously mentioned the debate, citing links between the consumption of energy drinks with higher rates of headaches, stomach aches, hyperactivity and insomnia. The physical damage that is being done through perpetual headaches and stomach aches alongside altering the pace of a person's heart is bad enough. However, it is now clear that induced hyperactivity and insomnia can pose a real risk to a person's mental health as a result of consumption of the stuff. The young people who are still developing through their teenagers years in particular are vulnerable. Indeed, research at the World Health Organization agrees that there is a proven negative effect of caffeine on children. The same researchers mentioned quite rightly and highlighted by Graham Day's members' motion that recommended the sale of energy drinks to children and adolescents ought to be restricted. How do we tackle that problem? All retailers from supermarkets to corner shops should take the lead. I am delighted that some shops in my old constituency have done so. I passed a self-service check-out in a local supermarket just last week, and there was a rather irritated gentleman who was just waiting to purchase his energy drinks. He took a few additional seconds to do so, because the checks had to be carried out. Now, I can understand that he was irritated. Some consumers will oppose those moves. They want their shopping experience to be as smooth as possible. That is understandable, but that inconvenience pales in the significance of the potential impact that energy drinks are having on the health and education of our children and young people. That is a necessary measure, and I encourage more retailers in my constituency to take a lead on that. That is a start, but for the good of our children and young people, let us do more. That might include, in the long term, the need for legislation, albeit reluctantly, if supermarkets and stores come at the level of voluntary action. Once again, I thank Graeme Dey for bringing this important matter to the chamber for debate this evening. Alison Harris has the last of the open debate contributions. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer, and I also thank Graeme Dey for bringing this hugely important debate to the chamber this evening. There is absolutely no doubt that energy drinks are a billion-dollar industry, and their popularity keeps growing despite health concerns. We have heard tonight across the chamber the effects of those energy drinks and the dangers that they pose, particularly for children and teens. In fact, I think that we have probably heard everything that I am about to say tonight across the chamber, but I am going to proceed in any case. Energy drinks typically contain large amounts of caffeine, added sugars, other additives and legal stimulants, and it is those legal stimulants that can increase alertness, attention and energy, as well as increasing blood pressure, heart rate and breathing. Those drinks are often used by students to provide that extra boost in energy. However, the stimulants in those drinks can have a harmful effect on the nervous system. The potential dangers of energy drinks include dehydration, heart complications such as irregular heartbeat and heart failure, anxiety and insomnia. Studies have shown that children who consume moderate amounts of caffeine before physical activity can have elevated blood pressure while in extreme cases involving adults excessive consumption has led to death. Children and teenagers are being deceived into drinking large cans of energy drinks, thinking that they are going to improve their performance at school or during a sports event, but in reality it is more likely to increase their risk of developing obesity, type 2 diabetes and dental cavities, which will have lifelong implications on their health. I found it very disturbing that the results of a recent study revealed that energy drink consumers are unaware of the products' main ingredients, health implications or appropriate serving sizes. It is children and teenagers who are our main consumers of energy drinks, and it is those same children who are being subjected to those unacceptably high levels of sugar and caffeine. The average sugar content of an energy drink is more than the entire recommended daily maximum for an adult in the UK. That is damning in itself, but what about the children who drink several of those drinks throughout the course of a day? Energy drinks are marketed for general consumption rather than for athletes who are targeted with so-called sports drinks. Despite energy drinks with high caffeine levels having to carry a warning that they are not recommended for children or pregnant women, a study recently found that 43 products carrying such warnings contain the caffeine equivalent of nearly two cups of coffee and a survey involving, as we have heard, 16 European countries, including the UK, found that 68 per cent of 11 to 18-year-olds and 18 per cent of children aged 10 and under consume energy drinks. With 11 per cent of the older group and 12 per cent of children overall drinking at least one litre at a time, it is utter madness. Teachers and health professionals have expressed concerns about youngsters relying on the drinks, even to start the day as a substitute for breakfast or in a packed lunch, and a survey carried out by the Make My Milk campaign revealed that one in 20 teenage pupil regularly goes to school on a can of an energy drink instead of tucking into a good breakfast. Chef Jamie Oliver has campaigned for quite some time now to see higher standards of meals as well as scrutinising packed lunches. He has repeatedly criticised high energy drinks and famously said on the subject that, I challenge you to go to any school and open 50 lunch boxes and I guarantee you there will be one or two cans of Red Bull. He has repeatedly voiced serious concern that those drinks are turning our kids into addicts, referencing teachers having to plan lessons around high students. I think that Jamie summed the selling of those energy drinks to children very effectively when he claimed that children are relying on energy drinks to give them the boost that they need to get up in the morning, then they experience a low when the effects of the sugar and caffeine wear off, so they have another in the afternoon before finishing off the day with a final can. That yoyo of highs and lows makes youngsters feel lethargic the next morning, prompting them to reach for another energy drink and the cycle begins again. I find the facts around the content of energy drinks and the ease at which young people can access them very alarming. I congratulate all the major supermarkets that have been instrumental in supporting the banning of the sales of energy drinks to under-16s and again a huge thanks to those independent retailers in Scotland who have supported the ban. Deputy Presiding Officer, can I once again acknowledge and thank everyone within the retail sector who have pledged to implement this ban? Thank you. I ask Aileen Campbell to wind up the debate, please, for around seven minutes. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Like others this evening, I also congratulate Graham Day on bringing this issue before us in the Parliament. Mr Day has long campaigned on the subject for many years, both in Angus and nationally, and it is in part thanks to him that we are now seeing a welcome shift in the approach of retailers to the sale of those drinks. He has truly, I think, rolled up his sleeves and got on with helping to kick-start a shift to encourage responsible retailing and improving our nation's health. I again underline my thanks to Graham Day for bringing this motion to give us all a chance and opportunity to talk about our concerns and where possible solutions lie. Many others across the chamber have also been involved in showing real leadership. I have thoroughly appreciated the constructive tone of the debate and the views and the thoughts and the ideas that members have shared with us. Brian Whittle also noted that he saw a polling station. Similarly, it was a political theme on which we heard from Bruce Crawford, who suggested that he grew some wings to go and continue with his canvassing. That might explain why he is so fleet at getting up those closest when we are out canvassing, but, hopefully, he just sticks to good old-fashioned soup and a cup of coffee or cup of tea at the next by-election, wherever that may be. Of course, that is a topic that is of significant concern to our society, especially to parents, teachers and young people. As I am a parent as well, my wee boy has yet to hit those years where he is more susceptible to purchasing those energy drinks. While we want to do and must do all that we can for children and young people in the here and now, the culture change that we all want has a large preventative element to it, to ensure that younger children grow up in an environment that is conducive to good health. The benefits are long-term and generational. The health and wellbeing of our young people is a responsibility that we all share, and it transcends party politics. That is again why tonight's debate has been so constructive. That is why improving the Scottish diet is so important. Our forthcoming diet and a healthy delivery plan reflects the priority that we attach to it. As members will know, the Deputy First Minister's launch of the consultation on school food last week means that it is also much more generally a top priority for our Government. That issue cuts across portfolios and reflects an attempt to encourage good health and wellbeing, requiring us to use all the levers that we have right across Government. Our proposed amendments to the school foods and drink regulations will move them closer to the Scottish dietary goals. They will see a tightening of the already stringent standards by restricting sugar-free drinks containing more than 150 milligrams of caffeine per litre in secondary schools. We also proposed that primary schools should only be allowed to serve water and plain milk or milk alternatives. Current regulations do not allow any energy drinks to be made available at any time in the school, and schools are encouraged to consider their health promotion duties when setting their own policies about what products they allow their pupils to bring into the school. I welcome the moves that are taken by schools such as St Nynian's and Kirkntillic, Blair Dowry High School and Perthshire, who have also taken proactive steps to restrict energy drinks and from hearing from Mary Gougeon about measures that are taken by Forfer Academy. We should support those schools and share that good practice and celebrate the priority that those schools are placing on good health. I also really like the contribution from Mark Ruskell about the culture of eating food in a school, trying to encourage the enjoyment around a school, maybe slowing the pace of when children and young people are having their school dinners. I think that that is important that we more generally change that culture of the enjoyment of food within our school settings. Of course, although the European Food Safety Authority has confirmed that energy drinks are safe to consume, everyone, including the British Soft Drinks Association, acknowledges that they should not be marketed to those under the age of 16. Aside from their caffeine content, many energy drinks contain extremely high levels of added sugar. I think that Mary Gougeon, Jackie Bailey and others mentioned that in their contributions. One 500 millilitre bottle could contain around double the daily recommended maximum for an adult, and many contributions this evening have linked energy drinks more generally to those wider health concerns. Because, in Scotland, as others have pointed out, 29 per cent of children are at risk of becoming overweight, including 14 per cent at risk of obesity. Evidence also shows that obese children are likely to stay obese into adulthood and become more likely to suffer health problems such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases at a later age. That is why we have set a guiding ambition to have child obesity in Scotland by 2030. We will outline the new diet and healthy weight delivery plan and the necessary actions to achieve that and help everybody to make healthier choices about food and drink. We will also be cognisant of the call to weave in the contributions that we have heard this evening regarding energy drinks. We will ensure, as Brian Whittle and others have said, to use every platform that we have to ensure that there is consistency across all that we do. Of course, it is not just the health of our children that should be a concern to us but also their ability to learn. I know that teachers in particular have expressed concerns through their trade unions about the potential impact on attainment. Again, Graham Day articulated that from the discussions that he has had with his local school and about the impact on not just their ability to learn but their behaviours more generally. I think that so too did Bruce Crawford. A 2016 study looked at over 2,000 children and found that energy drink consumption was consistently associated with low school performance. We are right to be concerned. It shows and highlights that we need to make sure that we are consistently applying and using the platforms that we have across Government to make the impact that we all agree needs to be delivered. I am confident, though, that schools up and down the country are taking appropriate steps to tackle that issue. Of course, that is only one part of the solution. Retailers around those schools must act responsibly, which is why I welcome the recent statement by the National Federation of Retail News Agents. We will also be working and continuing to work with the Scottish Grocer Federation around help that we can provide to convenient stores on how to restrict energy drink sales. Again, issues that were raised by Graham Day and Mark Ruskell. Other retailers have also taken voluntary action to ban the sale of energy drinks to those under the age of 16. We sincerely thank all who have done so and any that have not yet made that commitment to do so as soon as possible. As members know, reshaping the food environment is a key programme for government commitment, and research that is commissioned by the Government that explores the relationship between the food environment and the planning system is drawing to a close. That research considers how the planning system can best support the creation of an improved food environment in Scotland, including the area around schools, and identifies effective and less effective approaches taken elsewhere. Again, as I have said many times this evening, using all the leavers across the Government to positively influence good health in our communities. Society is not just about school or the school environment, and we need to look beyond school. I want to briefly mention that my officials have started a discussion with SPOTA, the co-ordinating body for leisure trusts, on whether measures can be taken by their members to place age restrictions on the sale of energy drinks to under 16s. That action has already seen Edinburgh leisure and West Lothian leisure taking action. I commend them for doing so. SPOTA's members manage around 1,300 facilities in Scotland, everything from gyms to museums, and some with a considerable number of visitors by young people. That is an important development that will continue to take forward and put apply pressure to. I thank Graham Day for the opportunity to debate this important issue and the chance to demonstrate from the Government's perspective our ongoing commitment to support young people in making healthier choices. What better year to do that than in the year of young people? Scotland is best when we work together and whether that is with our health boards, schools, local authorities or retailers and manufacturers. If we collectively work, we can get the action that we need. I think that that is why it is really good that Graham Day has been doing to apply the pressure and to encourage voluntary action. We can of course look at what else we need to do in the future, but the success that we are having and seeing at the here and now is something that we can build upon to create the healthier Scotland that I think across the chamber we all agree we need to achieve. That concludes the debate, and this meeting is closed.


Hello everyone, today we are going to start the course on accelerator physics and as has been mentioned in the preamble, this will have three modules, the first module will be on DC accelerators, second on linear accelerators, third one will be cyclic accelerators and there will be a separate lecture on laser plasma accelerators where much higher gradients can be achieved and the total length of the accelerator can be very short. So we will start the first lecture and of course the first question which comes to mind is that why we need accelerators and the main aim of accelerators is to or even the science is to study that what are the building blocks of the matter and their interactions and one of the most important aspect which scientists would like to know is that how the universe originated and how it has happened. For example, one of the theories is Big Bang theory and if you want to create that situation then that can be done in lab using the accelerators. So origin of the universe can be studied using high energy accelerators. Of course when you want to study the matter that means you want to study the properties of nucleus or nucleons like protons and neutrons and subdivided particles. And whose size is very small, in fact if you take the nucleus the sizes of the order of Fermi and one Fermi is 10 to the power minus 15 meter or 10 to the power minus 13 centimeter. So when you are going to use the probe or any particle then the wavelength associated with this should be of this order then only you can study these particles. This is somewhat similar to a microscope to the biologist and the telescope to the astrophysist and there again the wavelength matters and the reason being that the resolution of matter microscopes is proportional to the wavelength and that depends that is inversely proportional to the momentum and you know that momentum is proportional to E or rather root E then higher the energy smaller will be the wavelength and high resolution can be achieved. This is demonstrated here in this one that higher the momentum that means shorter the wavelength so you can have a better resolution. Sometimes even low mass particles can be used for creating a very heavy particles who are having masses very large and that is because of Einstein's equation where energy and matter are equivalent and this is shown by this equation E is equal to mc square and m is nothing but is the mass of the particle which is gamma times m naught and m naught is the rest mass and c is the velocity of light. So when the particle energy increases is mass also increases and therefore at higher velocity higher energies the mass of that particle increases and you will be able to create much heavier particles and that is shown here that if beta which is v by c is of the order of let us say 0.99 then the gamma is 7 which means that particle has become 7 times heavier than the particles at rest and if it is let us say 0.999 then it will become 2000 and that precisely the reason why we are able to create very heavy particles using the light particles at higher energies. So let us see what is an accelerator accelerator is an instrument which increases the kinetic energy of the charged particles it could be electrons or it could be protons or even heavy ions so different kind of accelerators will increase the energy is kinetic energy basically of different kind of particles but at low energy the kinetic energy is which we know is half mv square and at this low energy the mass of the particle will be m naught rest mass and which will not be so gamma will be 1. High energy of course the mass also increases as per this which I have already discussed where mass of the particle is given by this equation where beta is v by c so if let us say v the velocity of the particle is equal to c then this becomes almost like infinity that is m naught is equal to m is equal to m naught under root 1 minus beta square so if you put beta is equal to 1 then this this factor becomes 0 and therefore m becomes infinity very large as compared to the rest mass now that is why at high energies at 6.5 TeV in a proton proton collision collision at large head on collider Higgs bosons which are also called God particles were produced and the mass of the Higgs boson is around 125 GeV and you you might be wondering that how a 125 GeV particle can be produced when rest mass of the proton colliding with proton that means each is roughly about 1 GeV actually it is 935 mvv so let us say it is 1 GeV and two 1 GeV particles when they collide with each other interact with each other they produce a Higgs boson of a 125 GeV and that is all because of this increase in the mass because of increase in the velocity so that's the reason now let us see how how these accelerators was what are the basics involved in it the kinetic energy of the particle is half mv square as I mentioned earlier but in the layman's language an accelerator means suppose I have two electrodes one is grounded and the other is having a voltage of V and if a particle let's say electron is injected then the energy gained by the time it reaches the second electrode is eV e is the charge of the particle and V is the voltage difference it is not necessary that it should be grounded but the voltage difference has to be V so if it is V1 here it can be V2 and the difference V2 minus V1 has to be V now the various units used here what has happened that since it is positively charged electron will be attracted because of coulomb attraction and if suppose you inject positive charge then it will not get accelerated then the V has to be minus V so for attraction or it can be even the you can have V here and grounded this one and then you inject positive charge and then it will be accelerated to the same energy because of coulomb repulsion now the different units which are used are listed here for your convenience and they are kev which is the one kev is 1000 electron volts and one mv is 1000 kev that means 1 million electron volts and so on and today if you see high energy particles in tv ranges are also available and for example the large hedon collider where the maximum as per the design the 7 tev proton will be colliding with 7 tev another proton so the center of mass energy in that case will be 7 plus 7 is equal to 14 tev because particles are coming from opposite direction now if you compare that as compared to the rest masses the rest mass of the electron is only 0.5 mv 511 kev proton is 531 mv Newton is slightly heavier is 938 mv and of course when we talk about it we know the Einstein equation which I have discussed earlier e is equal to mc square so energy this kinetic energy can be converted into mass these are some of the other units which are other parameters which are listed here for example charge of the proton which is equal to charge of the electron is 1.6 into 10 power minus 19 coulombs now as per this I showed you that there are two electrodes is it necessary that we should have only two electrodes or can we divide this into several and in fact there there is a advantage that if you divide this into several pieces and you have instead of total v across two electrodes we can have data v1 v2 v3 etc you can divide into and there is a advantage of it but if the total voltage difference is v then the kinetic energy will remain same but then the there is a advantage which is by law is is that you can you will be able to get higher voltage voltage across that for example if you have let's say two electrodes here and this is ground and this is v and this is let's say is 1 meter 1 meter and it is it is able to extend a voltage of v as compared to this now what happens that if you divide this into two portions then in in principle this should be v by 2 but it happens that because of passion's law once that it is able to extend more than v by 2 so therefore in accelerating tubes which are used in the accelerators normally we divide that into several pieces and which you see in subsequent lecture that if you do this then there are several advantages and one advantage is that the voltage which you can hold on this really higher than v but it will be much more than that. Now coming back to the accelerators what are the different components which you should understand is one of one of the thing is that we want to accelerate the particles therefore they should be produced so there should be ion production and that means for doing that there has to be ion source or it could be sources also there may be more than one sources in the in the in the accelerator and then in the case of DC accelerators you have to generate the voltage so there has to be a voltage generator and then as per this as I said that there has to be a voltage gradient and that not only helps in getting the higher voltages but also in focusing so acceleration has to be done and large gradient will help in attaining higher voltages now normally in any accelerator the ions coming from the ion source are de-focusing time they are not they will have certain diversion and therefore before getting into the accelerator they have to be focused and therefore they have to be focusing systems then at each stage we should have a beam diagnostic systems because we should know whether it is de-focusing focusing or what is the current and we have to monitor them and not only we should monitor but also we should control them so we have to have monitoring and control systems then we should also have the energy measurement devices and control also and we should be having analysis systems for that that means when you have accelerated using the accelerator we should be able to measure that what is the energy and if suppose energy is slightly different we should be able to control it and correct it that means we have to have a feedback system so analysis has to be done and there will be lecture on this portion RTV TEM is of course that this beam should be utilized and therefore there has to be an experimental system here which is shown here and that could be a scattering chamber or which is housing lot of detectors and things like that so a typical layout of that accelerator is given here which is you can see different components so you can see that beam handling components are not only immediately after ion source but also after the beam is accelerated that means at the high energy side of this because that as I said that beam is diverging right from ion source as well as from the most of the time from accelerated beam from the accelerator also and therefore it has to be done now this accelerators based on the different criteria different parameters are divided into three to four categories and the simplest category and the most earlier developed category was DC accelerators but the problem there is that you can get voltage gradients of not more than 1 to 2 million volts per meter and therefore they could be used only to accelerate particles for low energies then this was improved and new technology came and RF technology was invoked and the accelerators based on that RF technology is called RF accelerators which could be linear accelerator if the particle is moving in the linear path then they are called linear accelerators or it could be cyclic if they are moving almost they are moving as well as getting accelerated in the circle or close to circle then they are called cyclic accelerators they could also be these accelerators could also be room temperature that means the structures are working at room temperature or they could be lower to the temperature superconducting temperature so the structures are superconducting and the voltage gradients which could be achieved in these two different structures are different for example in the case of room temperature these gradients are less than about 5 million volts per meter 5 to 10 maximum while in the case of superconducting it could be 50 to 100 in that range maximum 200 so these are the things now this also will not be enough if you want to accelerate the particles to higher energy and therefore some other kind of technology has to come in and one technology which has broken all these barriers is called laser plasma accelerators where gradients accelerating gradients of 100 to 300 gb per meter are possible in fact the gradients up to 100 gb per meter has been measured and have been achieved and measured so if you compare this you see that if suppose I have a dc accelerator which is 1 million volt per meter type of gradient then if you are having a you want to design an accelerator which will accelerate the particles to 1 pv then it will be almost like 1000 kilometer long because the gradient is very small and if it is a 1 million volt per meter then it is about 1 million mv and therefore the length will be almost like 1000 kilometer which is impossible this inconvenient and therefore it will not be possible to get so you have to find the technologies new technology where the gradients are and if the gradients of this type are available then you can see that even 100 gb 100 to 200 gb energy particles can be achieved in 1 meter itself so if you take go to let's say 1 tv then in that case it will be only about 10 meter distance but of course there are technological difficulties in that but you see the whole accelerator with this kind of gradient will be of the order of 10 meter only now so these accelerators they not only have been categorized on the basis of energies and the type of structures we use but also on what kind of voltages are applied to accelerate the particles for example in the case of dc accelerators in this category come the cocco valton vendigraph accelerators tandem accelerators peloton and dynamite on where all the dc voltage is used and in dc voltages most of the time or rather all the time the ions are passed through only once therefore the they are there is a energy limitation and we cannot go to very high energy but of course they have other advantages and that is that the energy resolution is very high and therefore if you want to study the resonance kind of nuclear reactions particularly nuclear spectroscopy then they are the best accelerators and they are still very popular everywhere in the world where the more accurate measurements have to be done there the dc accelerators are used particularly nowadays the peloton in the case of rf accelerators they are linear or we call them linux and there is a one accelerator called rfq radio frequency quarter pole rfq which actually has sort of revolutionized the whole thing and this does all the three functions of focusing bunching and acceleration together as a consequence of that the beam transmission can go up to even 100 percent but mostly more than 90 percent that in this category are cyclotones synchro cyclotones isopronous cyclotones and synchrotones and colliding rings because in colliding rings you are able to get the central mass energy which is sum of e1 plus e2 that means e1 is the energy of this particle and e2 is this then they when they come together from opposite direction the central mass energy will be e1 plus e2 which is not the case in the case of when fixed target is there and the particle is in fact if the fixed target experiments are there then the energy required for doing the same thing is very very very high which is not achievable and as I mentioned that this laser plasma accelerators which are still in rdmd stage voltage gradients of 100 to 300 gv per meter are possible in fact up to 100 gv per meter has been uh have been measured even but they they they have been measured over a very short length and therefore the total energy which could be achieved in this case is uh uh limited and therefore the lot of rnd has to be done to to go to very high energies let's say in tv or of course then you will like to know at some stage that what is the energy what is the ultimate goal of it so these were two categories there is a third category which defines the accelerators and most of the time we call them low energy accelerators if the accelerators are in the range of 100 kv to 100 mv then we call them low energy x in fact there are almost like 30 to 40 thousand accelerators operating in the world and they are their energy range is a few kv to few kv's and therefore the accelerators which are in the range of 100 kv to 100 mv we call them low energy accelerators then we call them medium energy accelerators if the energy is in the range of 100 mv to few gv earlier they were called high energy accelerators but now with the progress of the accelerators we call them medium energy accelerators and high energy accelerators is few gv to tv regions now because that that kind of accelerators are also possible therefore high energy accelerators are able to provide beams of tv energies then we have accelerators for electrons then for proton accelerators and also the heavy ion accelerators now just to give you an idea that what kind of things are available at this man and cost is one thing which defines that how big accelerator you can make because in some cases it can be several billion dollars and size also defines because the whole thing has to be aligned within micron so you can keep encouraging even if you are not worried about cost you can keep increasing the length but the entire structure has to be aligned within microns and that becomes very difficult so they become very large and for example if you take LSE which is a large head down collider then the circumference is 27 kilometers and some is also planning to build one the future accelerator this is called FCC future cyclic accelerators or future circular accelerators and the circumference of that will be almost like 100 kilometers cost of course will be several billion dollars these are some parameters of that FCC are given here and that is a future accelerator at SARM which has been planned in fact SARM council has approved the to make the studies for that it has been accepted in April 2020 and the studies feasible studies have started with that and one of the aims of that will be to search the new particles see it was in the LSE already we have we have discovered the Higgs boson and therefore in these heavy and this high energy particle high energy accelerators we would like to see whether some more particles can be discovered and then what are the interactions among these for example one of the aim of this is to study the Higgs-Higgs boson interaction how they interact with each other and of course and this is at this moment the cost estimated is 23 billion dollars and it will use superconducting magnets and energy central mass energy will be for head ones it will be about under TV now this will have three options one is that there will be head on collisions studies like proton proton or proton heavy ions other one will be electron and positron collisions as well as was the case in the former LEP lab large electron positron collider larger and then it will also have an option to study proton electron collisions now just to give you an idea about that what is possible in the present large head on collider is that in large head on collider two proton beams each of seven seven TV will collide and as I said that suppose it is a circular one the one proton is coming from this side and that is seven TV and another proton is coming from this side which is again seven TV and let us say this is this is the nuclear or the experimental area then these two protons which are seven TV each with the will have interaction and the central mass energy which is e1 plus e2 will be 14 TV can be this is a 14 TV so that is the that is the parameters of this