It's about time. Johnny Blocks plays Roblox. FNAF, of course, because that's kind of what we do here. Hello, people of the internet. My name is Johnny and welcome back to another video today. Very, very different. Playing Five Nights at Freddy's inside of Roblox has been a lot of decent, I guess you could say, games on Roblox that are FNAF themed. So I thought I'd check them out and because my name is Johnny Blocks, you know, Roblox, it kind of goes together, so yeah. We have four to go through, so I'm not going to waste any more time. We're starting off with Ultimate Random Night. I'm a sign. Oh god, I'm the Nightguard. I don't know what I'm doing. Alright, Nightguard, survive till 6am. I can't just be put straight into the Nightguard. Okay. Alright, so that's a door, right? Sure. What is that? I don't know what I'm doing. There's so much stuff here. Doesn't really seem like anyone's coming after me except there's a balloon boy down there which is concerning. Hi. I hear someone screaming. I hear Troy Freddy. I just realize I'm not looking at him. Oh look, he's doing his thing. Hi, whoa! Okay, maybe I wasn't... oh my god. Maybe I wasn't looking at Funtime Foxy. I'm guessing I don't really know what I'm doing here. I'm also stuck. I'm a sign again. Awesome. This is my favorite game. Oh my god, look at all these characters. So we've got the original game. We've got the toys. Alright, let's get rid of that. We've got some withers here. We've got Mangle. Oh, so we've got Toy Foxy and Nightmare Fredbear. Find him and him so we can start the cycle all over again. I am invisible. I am inevitable. Alright then, I don't know where I'm going. I'm guessing that's the stage because it looks like the stage. Do I go down here? Let's see, that's a... Oh, hey look, it's withered Bonnie. What's up, buddy? Hey, oh, withered Foxy as well. Hey guys, how you doing? Employees only. Well, I'm going down here, I guess. Don't know exactly where I'm going. Where am I? Is that... okay, that's Scrap Trap. He's just kind of sat there. Hey, buddy. Alright then, I'm going to go find the Night... I didn't need to. He's already dead. Alright, I don't understand the layout of the map, so I have no clue where I'm supposed to be going. Some of these models are pretty decently made. Honestly, like with Molten Freddy. Some of the Nightmares are cool. Nightmare Bloom Boy looks pretty cool. Phantom Foxy. I know the spooky ghost. You can appear anywhere you desire instantly when the button pops up. When the button pops up. What is this doing? Oh, it shows me. So can I go in here? What's up? Up here. I'm here. Did I do it? No? What did I do wrong? I thought I did pretty good. Oh my god, I just saw Chica just zoom down the hallway. Alright, I think, is this the office again? I think it is. Um, yeah, this is the office. I think. If I just kind of... I'm right in front of him. Oh, he just turned Chica away. Alright, so how do I... How do I show up? It's not letting me show up anymore. Alright, Phantom Foxy is there. So if I appear along with Freddy... Did I do... I don't... I have confusion. America, explain. Alright, that must have been Phantom Freddy that... Alright, then I'm hearing, um, with a Chica. Hi, Chica. Yeah, I don't understand what I'm supposed to be doing exactly. This guy's doing really well. Honestly, this guy's doing really well.  So I'm not quite sure what I'm supposed to do, because Phantom Foxy was not in the actual game. I keep... It keeps teleporting me to the center of the... Did Foxy just jump out of the, out of the vent? Oh, up here. Up here. Go. Go. I... I feel like this game doesn't like me. Alright, I'm gonna appear right now, and then get teleported back to the start. Alright, I'm about to straight up quit this game. I don't get it. Oh, I need to appear when the monitor's on.  Unless he's died. Hey, he's dead! Man, he got to 6am. That guy was doing pretty good. Alright, I'm gonna do one more try, then I gotta move on to the next game. Now I'm a, um, a dispenser of some drink. What is that? That looks disgusting. Oh my god, I'm the night guard again. So I actually have controls that I can do. I still have no clue what I'm supposed to be doing. I'm hearing something move around. Sounds like it's coming from that. You know, but I don't feel like... Okay, this is a, this is a well-made game. I just don't know what anyone does. I don't like, I don't know if they have the same mechanic, um, but I swear, now I'm a guitar brilliant. I swear, I was looking out for Nightmare. I barely even got a chance to see him in the doorway, because I'm pretty sure that they can just walk in, which doesn't give you a lot of time to like, check the door and everything. So now I'm gonna move on. Alright, next game is Ultimate Custom Night RP. I don't know what RP stands for, but I guess we're gonna find out. I'm guessing, oh wait, I just had a thought. I think... Does it mean roleplay? Ah, shoot, I think I might have... I think I might have done goof here.  We might be here a while. Oh, okay. So you've seemed to have fallen over. Alright, all these signs are empty. Awesome. This is fantastic. Alright, rules app. Who needs rules? Um, delayed, chilling lounge, to the map, the museum, big... Alright, whatever.  Hat removal, face removal.  Alright, what is two, seven, what? I'm so confused. First row, three characters. Second row, badge characters. What does that mean? Oh, do I have to unlock these?  All the other ones, badge... I think they are. Awesome, that's fantastic. Alright, so we got Freddy, Bonnie... I don't think these guys have loaded in yet. Jiga, Foxy, Freddy, Bonnie, Jiga, Mangle, BB, JJ. Oh, look, they're loading in now. Mangle looks interesting. Oh my god. Jar open, that barely does anything. Endo pupils, normal. I'm not seeing a difference. Jump scare. Awesome, eyelids closed. That's not doing anything. Static. Oh, hey, it stopped. Alright, I guess we'll go to the map. Okay, I don't know how I make the static stop. It's really, really annoying. Nothing's loaded in though, so... Everything just kind of looks a little strange. Hello, what do these do? I can't click them. Oh no. Mangle. Oh god. Yes. Oh my god. Boy, what am I about to get myself into? What? No you. Boys, I hate myself. You. Goodbye, Dad. That's it, I'm leaving. I'm not doing any roleplay things. Now we have Endless Knights at Freddy's, which I have no clue what to expect. I just kind of picked out some interesting looking fan games I guess you could say. Oh no, is this another roleplaying thing? God, why are these all roleplaying? On the bright side, it looks like I can be any character I want. So we've got the FNAF 1 characters, some of which haven't loaded in yet. What the heck? Oh my god. Oh my god. What the... What is happening? Okay, I got a flashlight with no texture. I have... Oh. Oh. Cute. What's this? Oh my god. What is that? I don't know. I'm good. Thanks. All right. Who do I want to... You guys actually look pretty decently made. Oh my god. You guys are actually pretty decently made. Okay. Yeah, well the FNAF 3 guys, oh my god. For role blocks, this is awesome. Night Marion, that looks terrifying. Got the crying child, or the FNAF. Syslocation guys They even have a lull bit number one crate. Oh my god All right, we got loads of these guys. Oh my god music man looks terrifying Open You play by All right, I am Concerned how do I get to um, okay fnaf 6 here we go I mean it makes sense for me to go to fnaf 6, you know i'm music man um, oh Oh, no What is happening? What do I go? Okay. I can run staff only i'm a staff Okay. Yeah, sure So looks like we got the office here with some vents And in here we have oh A portal to the outside It's down here. Oh a little hefty plushie. Can't poop its nose or anything Alrighty then what do I do? What's in here?  Let me get my flashlight out because I can't see anything Oh, this is interesting What's in here? Oh, this is the scoopy doo boo Look, baby. They they even have a little broken baby All right, I like I like that touch. This is a um Good touch here coming soon. Well, if it's not here yet, why would you just? Just cover it up. What are you doing in below our gallery? What is happening? Oh my god I am god. All right, I think I think that's enough we've got one more and then um That'll be it So I I left this one for last because it looked the most promising It even has help wanted so apparently it's up to date Welcome to animatronics universe one of our new simulators to show you that we're simply just a friendly franchise With no tricks up our sleeves and skeletons in our closet As we renovate this game's code you may encounter unwanted bugs left behind by developers The advice these may spawn in forms of tapes and you are not to interact with them By looking play you agree to these conditions click play Oh my god, this seems very up to date.  Wait, so what do I do start your tycoon? Oh, this is a tycoon game. This is going to take a long long Long time right, so I've gathered up like 220 coins pizzeria building. Oh my god that Did a lot actually right. What am I doing here? I can get a sign. Yeah, I'd like a sign I can get a pillow for 25 sure A canopy for 15. Why not a pillow for 25. Yeah sure. Oh look at my sign and my pillows That's fantastic pillow Canopy and I'm guessing yep another pillow and is that the entirety of the outside done? Maybe oh my god, there's an entire inside 80 and 100 this Let's go take a while. This is going to take a long time. What is this? This is a front desk. All right. I can nearly get it Takes 15 seconds to build Because of course it does. Wow. It's actually got like a whole animation and everything What what am I doing here? Hello. Oh god, I'm trapped in No, wait, hold on Is that is that every oh my god? Hello So I gotta wait till I have a hundred. Why is there a front desk and a pizzeria? This looks like you're gonna go to the movie theaters All right, now I gotta wait and save up for a hundred. I'm getting two fast coins a second I think I may just like say sit here and just Let the game do its thing so um Yeah, because I gotta fill this entire void full of Full of things and this is the fnaf one place. So It's it's not the biggest But it is pretty pretty decently sized party room 20 seconds to build put up some walls around the place. Am I gonna get some better lighting because this is Pretty pretty bad lighting All right, what's over here for 30? Um, it's nothing just yet, but it'll appear in a second. I think okay. I do get lighting good And that's done. What is this? It is a ticket eater Why not? There's another one over here. I'm guessing. Yep boom And that'll be ready in just a second man.  Okay. This is just getting ridiculous. I can barely afford a ticket eater. All right. Let's buy that and then I honestly think I'm just gonna wait here. Um, so yeah, I'll I'll be right back. I'm literally just gonna sit here.  He's gonna come out in a few months probably I think it said like fall or summer Um, but anyways, you know, I'm just gonna just gonna hang out here. Actually I can buy something I can buy a table for $50. I can buy a table. Hey, that's actually a pretty nice table Again, it does take a little bit of time to build but you know, whatever. Yeah, I'll walk away Giant speed montage. I'll see you guys in X amount of time All right, so I've been sad here for a little bit and I've raised only a thousand dollars. So, um Yeah, not much. I think I'm just gonna buy Everything I can which is not a lot Um, but yeah, all this stuff all the 50s. I'm gonna buy And there's some 65s over here that I can't stand on for some reason Um, oh wait. No, here we go Nope, never mind. Okay. I didn't want to buy those things anyway Well, maybe it's because I have so much stuff building. Nope. It's because my Game is froze Game of thrones more like game is froze. Oh god, there we go That's kind of weird arcade machines. Why not? There's something over here. We got foxy's claw machine Um, that is too much money. There's some stuff over here. This is only a hundred Um, that is 250. I'm gonna save that for a little bit. Oh my god 15 seconds 200 that is very tempting. You know what? I'm just gonna buy it and then I'll buy the other room over here because why not? kitchen This what is this the bathroom? Yeah, this is the bathroom Let's see. So that's 15 and that's 50 So the restroom signs and then a pizza decoration Sure By a sink Let's buy a trash can Can't buy any stalls. It's fine. Who needs stalls in a bathroom. Um, I could probably buy some stuff in here Trash, there we go And now we are earning four coins every second So that is very very helpful Now I get to sit and wait once more Okay About 10 more minutes have passed Let's buy some stuff. I can buy a table Some shelves Wires Is that wires for 80 dollars? Geez.  What's in here a freezer?  We gotta wait Oh my god, I have to wait so much But Few minutes later over three thousand dollars. Let's buy some more stuff some wires posters tv paper Shelf vent, I don't know Some paper Oh god paper Stairs or stars not stairs. Jesus paper tv And that's the entirety of that hall done. I'm guessing that's foxy. I don't want to do that just yet Hello the staff closet. Oh boy that was expensive Um, I don't want to get the office just yet Buy some more stuff We still have 300 things left Might as well just save them till we can buy something uh more efficient That kind of scared me Um What else do we need? Okay, we have thousands in here have a thousand right there have ferridian here And moxies barking because there's people paving our driveway And all that's left is the office so we don't have to save up That much really Gotta wait a little bit longer Later we got seven thousand so let's buy this Stage ow, I forgot I turned my volume up Let's buy some heads skeleton And the office I'm gonna save the characters for last four minutes. Are you kidding? Oh the stuff in here. All right Mr. Broom I don't like the waiting feature. Yeah, I might as well just buy foxy now. Why not? Oh, yes foxy's arm Looks very nice Oh That's a very interesting foxy. All right. Anyways Office time. What do we got to do in here? door office mechanic door Guess we'll just wait in here a little bit actually. No Let's check over. Oh, we got stuff on the stage to do Oh, look at all these. Oh, you're creepy. Awesome Um, okay, we definitely don't have enough for all of you guys. Let's just buy everything on here speakers stars cloud speaker stars Um, and we can buy one of them. Let's buy let's buy bonnie because why not watch bonnie get built Wow, all right, these models are very lackluster. I'll be honest All right, let's check anything in the office. How do I I can't I can no longer wait Wait, come on. Come on Can I really not? All right, then. Well, I guess we're not going in the office I've got everything in there. I guess we just got these two to do and then oh, we also have golden fruity back here So let's get him quickly Three minutes. Awesome. Is that really golden yet is okay, and then let's get chica and bonnie I mean chica and fruity Let's get these these buckos done Well, all righty then, um, is that everything? I think that's everything.  All right. That was kind of weird Is that everything I feel like that's everything I can't get in here though um That's kind of weird, but I but I think I think I think that's everything Maybe office. Oh Oh, that wasn't Office supplies so then after this Should be it, right? I can't All right, anyways, I don't need to open them because I can just teleport in there. I didn't know I could do that What's the mechanics? If I have gears, how do I get gears? Of course with rule books Can I allow you to make construction of your tycoon run faster mechanics do save? Oh, that would be nice if I had some Luckily, I don't I mean unlikely. I don't what have people been saying. I'm so angry. I'm not playing this rage quit and then hi all right, so Is this it? Let's see three more seconds. Something maybe should happen nothing I thought Really? Does just nothing happen? How do I get fnaf 2? There's a tape here I can't pick it up But but it's there. Let's try new it says it'll save but it'll also be said Welcome to animatronics universe one of our new simulators to show you that we're simply just a friendly franchise Hopefully I can do the second one. Okay. Good. All right. I'm not gonna do Oh 35 all right I'm not gonna do this in this video because it's just gonna take way way too long But for now That's it. If you guys want me to continue with animatronics universe. Maybe I'll do a live stream on it I think that'll be better because doing a video version of it is just Really boring for me and probably a few guys as well But this was interesting. There were some really good ones. Um, ultimate and tendon. I mean not an attendant Jesus random night. I could If I really got to know it, I might be able to do it But for now, I'm just gonna put that aside for now. But yeah, if you guys want more Roblox for naf, I don't know why I decided to to do this.  How about some roblox? So, yeah I don't know why I did this but it was really strange the last one animatronics universe top notch I I kind of want to come back to it. So if you guys want that, I'll probably do a live stream on it But thank you everyone so much for watching all the games I played linked down below and I'll see you all you guys and I'll see I'm gonna Bye


Welcome back. This is why in the morning, thank you for joining. If you're just tuning in, this is the second conversation on MCM and we're talking about our mums because, you know, we have just celebrated Mother's Day. So, what is that one thing in ye? Okay, so what is that one thing that you remember your mum for? Talk to us, the hashtag is why in the morning at Y254 channel at Stephanie Yeta. Tell us that one thing in yama mami kwen bia. So, to discuss this conversation, we have a panel here and we have Jamu, a comedian, and we have Charity. So, they'll introduce themselves as we start. Jamu, what do you do? Ladies first. All right, ladies first. Hi guys, I am Charity Wangare, mother of a 13-year-old. Mother? Mother of a 13-year-old. Happy Mother's Day. Thank you. Related. So, from being a mother, what else do you do? I sell cars, I broker cars.  Yeah. All right. Yeah. So, sign out to the men. So, mine. My name is Jamu Desin.  Ish, titles. Sawa, sawa. Comedyani, what type of comedy do you do? I can do both. I can do stand-up, but nabadune na nafanyizi shotski, comedian pranks. Ah, okay. Sawa, sawa. Charity, yesterday was Mother's Day, were you celebrated? Yeah, by my daughter and my friends. Ah, awesome.  It's awesome. It's good, yeah. And you had the chance to celebrate your mom? She's not with us. She went with the Lord last year, June 23rd. But we still celebrate her. I also have sisters, I have aunts. Yeah. They live on, the memories live on. The memories live on. Okay. So, let's get into our conversation, Leo. So, to me say, what is that one thing Jamu? Yene, mamiyeshe kwa mbeni yu jisa hao. So, one thing... But before you, sorry, she took her t-shirt.  So, let's have the video. Killa Ketu. Kana hajaizu kwa wite huzote naen. Iliku okae. Amuka kwa yaa. Mam... Masiwa, giniu takuwa siting room. Na bedroom, kwen na hiku kwa yumba? Nene, masiwa hiku bedroom a giniu naka modi takuwa siting room. KwaXitengo? Sufisha bedroom, kwita kwa ma.... Na maiuku? Ameva kitengu. Manbisi, hiku kwa mawa kama na taka pesa na nami mi sina. Eh. Manbisi kwa wanyumba. Manbisi kwa wanyumba. Neme hender kwaum. Na nase kia na wuma Ketu. a job a job A job a job a job A job I'm a profession Pilled up We work with the bones because it did not Или work ziobo ziene zioshwe mimi mi mamayako siwezi kukusa na tenda niku fagie kila kitu kwa hiu? kuna jaizo vituzo utenain iliku wukai amuka kutia na bedrum kwa na hiku wanyumba tenya nesa hi bedrum wakiniwa na kutia kwa sitting nu kutia kwa sitting nu sefisha bedrum nama na kuita wakiniwa nama iubi nama iba kitangia mwa bisiko nima mwa wakiyama nata kutisha na mimi seina mwa bisiko wanyumba mwa bisiko wanyumba nima henda town na sikia na wakiyama hiu ni maleria na nesa na nama wakiyama mamu nubu na nimi ebu kuya ebu maleria mamu na wakiyama nubu ni maleria nubu na fanya hiu biyaba nili hiu wa tu ni maleria ayu wesi kusa hiu wa tu hiu meza tu maleria mamu na sikia ni maleria well well well that is how the typical African man is flakwame fanya hiu kitu ya ni amesa maria wukiyuma na tumu ya ni wukuna maleria asha diagnose what the problem is that is the typical African man many other things that we want to have so you were telling us Jemu ni ni ni yo mama shei kwa bia niya wuna bakasa hiu wuna kumbuka mamu mamu nimi say fanya ali ni ambiya on thing that ame wuna poverty what is poverty na aizipenda ccp ya tu piti ya yo poverty line ya maybe ali shei piti ya then hiu ni kaji ya kiya like lazima ni omoke lazima ni make up proud lazima ajuwe like we can change this situation na tu ya ke tu another situation then another thing akani ambiya kuna deyana fanya ame tokata awana enda kuliku wana jam suwaka wana magari zime ja tika supaha hiu akani ambiya akani ambiya liu kuliku wana jam nimo wana magari lakini atawana na juwes kumoja tanini kafu liu ki kani bless nika juwa e kumbi ija niya kumoka niu kuel niu kueli mama kisha sema and there's something about mums waki sama piawe uta kwa na gariya ko I don't know if it's every mom or it's just some because it happened to me mama wama gariya ko lazima niita panda the same for you charity yaa like mums wana kwa ga twosawa wana pata like bitufani kama sabile iofla kwa li kwanasema wana pata utusimata wukom gonjo ame mejifanya wana kwa kuna iletai muku primary school uta kikwenda shule wuna wana so wuna jifanya wukom gonjo hiu shule wuna enda wuna ponea gambele wuna enda kuponambele then iikwen karejim wile lady anafa kwa as much as miil kwa wana inaka kinda we are praising men to her my mom was elderly she was 17 at the time so ni wale wa iso enzi wale like the men ni wako respectiwa bitukama iso but now her talking about success wile kitu usema miim sii tokative wile kwa wana jwa gatu alafu anasimanga mii wile usipo change you can never get married wuna witu kama ni kama ni ukweli ni kuja kupika 34 sii oni kuna enda aji wuna kwa kuli enda aji wuna kwa ni alisema ni wuna wini ukali witu kama iso but i still fresh her kutu umbea mami kwa na muka gasa atisa na muka na tu umbea wuna skia metaja I have 3 sisters kuna I have 3 brothers kwa na muka na tu umbea kila M2 na familiya ya kewewe nabuwa naako na watitoa ako still today it is keeping us going prayer zama you get many people saying prayers of my mother that has brought me here wuna skia mse anasima we wuna bisha na na mii mi uji ima umbea mamangu na una love so powerful wama adi usi mama na wa say and we still in stress at the moments and I know ataki wa wuko atasa indi wa poa she is there so ana tu ana we are still blessed jamu what is your comment on this how African mums, the typical African mums they are prayer warriors mii mama mamangu ni pasta so you can dilate lakini kingi ya kwenyumba suji wu pasta wu potea wana kwa mamangu kwa zuki fanya kazi doa na jamu nani ana kakanga suji mamangu wu kwangaji anita imenye umbe fanya kazi anasiki anga poa kipigia kelele kuna I love kuna I love kini chom w нашi wu chitukosaw wna kwa kwa nani wenti mathevia na kujalik wana pwena tukwa external situation wona kumukwa inim daye naka kwa mathevia naka mathevia mawa ya ita kanyumba ita kikitumoza ana zeka ana zeka kizu maa li tukwa kiti atu fanya kazi relied how I got my heart inu alakon So it was for instance my dad used to tell me we already went there, and then and 꿈 sed us with digests. He used to call us sentries. Now we're in the underground area then. Dad has them now? Digests?  It is found that it used to be a small, crowded land in Uwauto, which is why my dad used to take the truck. he had never left the sad memories. The dramaarked ones were being played like every winter there were concert halls like this. bru kawm generusti~!! Ni mekozoku wa ini nako kiwa mama Uno na kisha Okoni maktu n合a Zime kewa wajufi ещё matuception know what else happened to these kids here, koo say may dream True real this happen yourself. M annually m ma ma ma So Jemu, you know, for African mums, what is it about them being so strict waqitulia? And then when they have grandparents, Una dekeza Una dekeza, grand children Una baka watu chakwa na kwa na mamangu ni mstikta Fadali kwa gana Kwa gana shushu So what is it about that? Tuli ya mawa nga na bro Tuki yanda kwa shushu Tuni yanda kwa mbiya shushu ati mama na sumba Mada na se maga Nini mi? Nini mi? Nini mi? Nini mi? Yata nii kwa nini Iza tiyi kifanya kazi na bada Oni yo e furti nii mwa mbiya Mam Mwa ziti tu toka apa ati hai tokka Toka wenda Siisidu na mwa ziti tu toka apa Oma laika rumana Ufa yo La kini madihahangu laiki Faya Misaha watu And back to you Charity, what is that one thing, some of the characteristics of mums in the common characteristics of African mums? Ku drama tu, drama lazimai kuwe, then wako loving either way as much as wako dramatic, they are so loving Adi ule mama cheezy kuwa street, anapenda wa totoake, una una Ata ule mwenye like does, aku eni muizia manafanya vitu tu, wea, dama vitu tu umbaya When it comes to her children, they mean well to them Oh mother hell Kabisa, kabisa like, hakuna compromise, naeza chapam totoango, ama naeza umfanya anything, me binda una, me bini unfair Uteni una, una Uma get, mimi naza fanya, naeza muambia, ata ini think to behave unimki, muambia, me nimcritizize maybe But the moment kuna kuja ata kama ni mamangu ita ni uma, ata kama ni mamangu ami amtitu, una Ata kama ni sistangu ama, bradangu, it's just mother's surprises There's a time, okay, I don't know kama ni mimi, but you know when maybe a neighbor comes kushtakim toto kama mamangu You know, when you're to your mom Hataku difendi kuwa wea neighbor But, wukuna ni umutajeka wa something I don't know if this has happened to you Jibu Eh, siniwa mma Parents Parents, what you having, like, lazimu a protect ma kids, wa Ata kama lazimu a protect, lazimu ata putitia Mima deyango na zanititia publicly Naki ninda ni anyumbanda wa tadil na Oh, adapitia publicly kwenyumbanda wa tadil na A tadil na me bini inafa Okay Then, there's this, so, like Piwa wana penda kwa impresse, like sasa Awa zazi Ata, vilu me sema Uko inje, ita kuwa Adataka kujiwa ni nini nulifanya, unona Ata kama ata jifanya apani ni nini But ita kuina muma, as much as ata ku difenda kuina muma So, leta utaskiyoti metoka From nowhere, kitu Alicia's 3 years ago Viletu mefraie, unafkiria umemekit, my friend Pa, meyatili, ana Kilkila, kitu mora Pa, ralime, ana But We still have our African mum Let me read some of the comments over here on social media When you're atwana sema So, social media, let me remind you tumulizani What is that one thing inye mama kwa shekwa bianye How joisa, how mmbakaleo Mtu ame sama Hey, hey Wachito angum tebidi That is shish Asa, wachito angum tebidi Wafani kazi Wawenzenu Love you, mami This advice always keeps me on the move Struggling to be the best Wow, some wise advice Fred shakia liyambiwa One is only poor when he chooses to be Mm-hmm We have CJ anasema Chenehua unatafta uta pata Nani li pata nikatulia Is that phrase familiar to you? Nani unatafta po inje Una pata unatulia Una pata unatulia Nani ni michapa kibukuyangwa Bentot by the ones Let me relax, kidongo Yeah, we have also Biva asa ma Ali niyambiwa Angeli kwa Ali nii zaliahosi Anga sama badakchariu Wazim patili siyamtoto Atimi misikai kwa mtu siya Ushemi wajima kitu karibuna hiyo Oh, oh How different are you? Papa anasijai fika iyo extend kumari I think I think on wala hitu wa sumufu kabisa Then the parent My mum was in umtua church Kuna witu piya Ata enda kusema atafunga mndumonona Mi maybe neza sema Maybe Dambia tumtoto unona But so sa the parents Angi kwa mbia kitu kama hiyo Like the Christian background Engi mkubalia As much as Yeah Lakinu maybe kuna witu anasema Agatuko related But kuhila kuhi achatu hivi Ita kwangumu Ita kwa chik I'm not mother saying I'm very strong So we should People should ensure At least Inumichita to safe Nama ma Kusama waz But the parents Both of them They are very strong To us Jemun kwa naksama Nuna kanika unta kwa inga Niku anta kusema Maybe wokidana I'm too cold to excess Spansion Every now and then Lakinu kuna temtu Ushesumu Witu mamasama Webani wangu kuhil Yeni Ene So What are some of the You know Nini Why are African mums So difficult to deal with What Some of the reasons Maybe Why African mums So difficult to deal with Yoni kwa ni nature Abin bringing pia Yoni nature Because Sidwine Mi uli zamade Kama ukoivim kale Ukiwam shoshu ota tulia kuele Like kumama ke na konga Shoshu na konga Tulia sanadi Wezi wezi wezi Nini So Mashaanganda Nini e titu Nini e titu ea Nini e titu ea Last ma bad news I Ju analea Kwanza na easy precious Zalive Like Ever Unona Nini African culture Vileo Tuko Wameko Brote Eikuwa easy As much as mulu kwa nakila kitu Easy Mila na de story Zingekwa maybe zime kanda miza Wama In one way or the other Unona Una jua The moment life me kwa kakapresha Akuna wile uta kuatu me bambika na life Uta kuatu na kabita neska me gifiche Unona So ata kualife Unona jua What you receive is what you give Like una subject Kenye me Iko kwa kondo Unalewa Like Inge kwa kona Maybe love Understanding as a woman You know life Ya monam kenye very hard Precious Moa be So Ako iwo So and expect the same way Iwono na fahu kuena usipo kuwa Wile ya ya li kuwa lazima ata ku Finya unona Liza me ikuwe Mukwenam kuwaruza ano Ya it's life Pura vituza unona We are supposed to change from our typical Mamsua to how we are We are raising Our generation is raising The children Our children We should Lakin ni nungu Mini me jaribus yon nika ineza me I find you I us make Ash African all the way African all the way Twenda tuki endaga Buta jaribu kuwangeza to vitu But me neza sema Apart from loving I think ni Mostly ni necha Like ata ni madem Like ni usumbua Madem usumbua Na weze sema ti unasumbua Bo yati no Nataka akweivi akweivi no Yoni necha Yoni ni necha Apart from loving Ni inbon Miliu Bua chitapu aje inbon This is the African Uke nga liya kwa western They are different So is it a matter of Ni hivu dan ni atu Amani it's a matter of How they were raised It's not like ati ni different It's only that Uwa kwa nai shi Ni ito ni Isisit diotuko that world Awa kwa ni ni Ako world gani Ile developed Yo sasa It's only that Uko resources are Since mutoto Generations are Life me kwa soft Ni to baby girl Uto tumse So by the time Wana grow Wana kwa waka tupua Laki ni piyabado Wana sumbuwa They also have their issues So aze tu nile How we relate with the family Awa kwa na masida zingine Uko kind of Of which maybe ata ni Umukulu kwa zee tu wana But now being Being a woman As much as ana sema ti Tu na sumbuwa ga We just want things to be Zikwe steady Zikwe all day Wana We want things out the lift Tuna chakamu fanya hivi So aze not Still as much as I'm a control freak But Kuna biletu na takaga Witu zikwe Alafutu na nani ni kamaata Amu elewi na on So Simuwe Tu na henda tuki henda aga Mando ni ufusuwa na umeku elewa Nya simuna And why not Kwan ni ni musi elewa Nafum tu elewa maze Piya ni tu Ebu jemoka na ni What are some of the things Maybe Maybe one to You know we can't be perfect Afrikan mums can't be perfect What are some of the One to three things Maybe onee zataka What change As in sisi to change As we raise our kids One thing neze seima Like unadzua As in Parents unapaku treat Like same unaparenta ki treat mitu Yana fam treat na generation Anapadzua Like miata mama angu maze mi Si duya lakini mama angu mi Anani yanga James When him toto badu Nisi kuna na atan Mam ni mam Anapa elewa maze atatu Kasiu si upi guna koto Ame toma Kwa live TV Kiyoi katwa Like na seima Parents unapaku treat Watu na generation Yana generation wene Time wene iko Like saive wene wali kuna treati wakitambo Sisi saive wene unapu treat mitu Like unadzua kitambo naskia Mitu ame wana badu Natandi kuna mzaze So unadzua sayu wezi Sayu life wene Maybe life wama generation Yeni tuku wezi Fanya ke nini hapen kitambo And speaking matters of beating Do you think that the african mam beating is a little bit too much? Saana maiparena Saana kuwanda Yani like Unatapu watu adi uko high school Umatapu wende high school nila kumbukunen na Sidi kama zileisha Umat Na ziona Na ziona Na ziona zione So Unatapu watu nuko high school Nia atambuhi kama Saise uchapem toto high school Anani na ziona wana ziona na ziona na ziona Na ziona But the youth are taking things differently Afukunemtyu kakoment eko maenika Yatimu maimawa mailuko eka Anani kapa Inapuchepeo makosa Kufanya But you think it's jokes Tzili kuna fumonnya niliko a chepa Maybe you wanna mma flako Mama flako I say Mama flako Ya, kumawaflakan, aka fweju Ya, zaku chua apatu Ya, cian ni content creation ...but kuno告訴 one another fweju Ya, kuna hiki na kwehu Ya, nikwe li Like, sampai maja wama zwe Aatu eziongelile ya


I mean if you look at the, if you look at all of the casualties in every battle of the Prophet ﷺ, Abu al-Hassan al-Nadawi, he actually did a study on this and he said there's about 1,018 casualties in all of the Ghazawat of the Prophet ﷺ. Enemy and Muslim, Mushriqeen and Muslims, 1,018 men in 23 years, all men on the battlefield, right? Musa al-Islam in Exodus 34, he comes down the mountain, he sees his own people worshiping the golden calf, he orders 3,000 men slaughtered on the spot in one night, but he's a Prophet, but the Prophet, oh no, he can't be a Prophet. This is total hypocrisy.


Earlier we see a capital fallacy that the leverage increases earning per share and therefore the market value per share should also be increased. Now this is an incorrect argument but it is given in the favour of leverage and we have recently seen that it is not necessary that the leverage may increase earnings per share rather the earnings per share may also go down. Now we see the relationship between EPS and the EBITING and how earnings per share is sensitive to a change in earnings before and in taxes interest and taxes. We have a graphic representation here where on the X axis we measure EBIT and on the Y axis we measure EPS or the earnings per share. We have two coloured lines here the red line shows the EPS with the leverage effect or the debt and the blue line shows EPS without debt. The break one point here is the EBIT of 6 million dollars for which we have earnings per share of point 6 dollars. Now we see that over 6 million earnings before interest and tax the EPS is much higher over the EPS without debt and this is due to the leverage effect whereas we see that below 6 million dollars of EBIT the earnings per share is lower with leverage and we also see that at the EBIT of 1.2 million dollars that is this is the amount of interest expense the earnings per share is negative below this point. So this graph says that as while rising with the leverage the risk of EPS also increases this shows that the line showing EPS with leverage is more steeper than the line showing EPS without leverage. Now to understand more this we have an example we assume that there is no growth in EBIT and there is no retention of earnings. This means that all of the earnings will be paid out as dividends. Now the requirement is that use MM 1 and 2 to show that increase in expected earnings per share will not increase the share price. Now we see that without leverage expected earnings per share is equal to 1 dollar and as a result the DPS or the dividend per share is also equal to 1 dollar because we have no retention plans so share price we see it is equal to 7.5 dollar. Now let us assume that the unlivered cost of capital without leverage is equal to 13.33 percent that we have computed using the values putting into the model. The first requirement is equity value as per MM proposition 1. We see that market value without that is equal to 75 million dollars which is the product of 100 million shares and 7.5 dollars each share being the market price per share and we have now share repurchase which is of 15 million dollars and that is the product of 20 million shares and the market value per share of 7.5 million dollars. So the remaining equity is the 60 million dollar of market value which is the product of remaining 8 million outstanding shares and the share market value of 7.5 dollars each. If we determine the price per share here with the effect of leverage under market proposition 2 then first we have to determine the cost of unlivered equity or RE which is equal to 14.66 or 14.67 percent using this cost of equity we can determine the price of the share which is equal to 57.5 dollars so 7.5 dollars per share and we see that before the effect of leverage we had the same share price and with the induction of the leverage we had the same share price so the higher EPS due to additional risk that effect has been cancelled due to the shareholders demand for higher returns so there is no change in the share market price and it is unaffected. The second fallacy of capital structure is the dilution of EPS which says that the new equity issue or the issuance of new shares will dilute the existing shareholders ownership and that is the fallacy too. The new shares will reduce the shares cash flows. The advocate of this argument says the same. In fact they say that the debt financing is correct or better option for the firm. Now this is a criticism on this argument that this argument ignores the effect that the issuance of debt will also bring cash into the firm so the so there is an inflow of the cash when the firm issues new equity shares. Now to understand this we have an example of JSA which is an we assume that it is an all equity firm with outstanding shares of 500 million with the share market value of 16 dollars each so the the firm is planning to have an investment of 1 billion dollars and that 1 billion dollar investment will be financed by the new equity issue of 1 billion dollars the same value so is there any change on the share price due to this new issue we see that the assets of the firm have market value of 8 billion dollars which is the product of 5 million shares and the 16 dollar market value of each share this means that the firm has to issue now 62.5 million new issue new shares to finance the investment cost of 1 billion dollars in order to collect 1 billion dollars. Now if we see the effect of this transaction we have a table here where we have no cash before the new issue but with the new issue we have a induction of cash by 1 billion dollars or 1,000 million dollars we have existing assets of 800 dollars and we have the same amount of existing dollars after the company goes for the new issue of equity we have total value of eight hundred eight thousand dollars eight thousand million dollars if the company does not issue any equity and if the company goes for the new issue we have 9,000 million dollars or the 9 billion dollars of market value of the total assets so if we compute share price per share then we have to determine the total number of shares we have 500 million shares in our earlier example where the company is not going for any issue that is the existing condition and with the issuance of new equity we have 562.5 million shares and we see that the share price we assume the same under both of the conditions so we see that the value per share is again the amount of 16 dollars each under the current condition and the condition in which the company is issuing new equity shares we see that the selling of new equity shares at the fair value is not giving any gain nor it is offering any loss to the existing shareholders because the cash received on this particular new issue offers dilution of the shares any gain or loss on such transaction will result from the NPV of the underlying investment and it is not the issuance of the funds that are responsible for creating any NPV or value for the firm


A very good evening aspirants, welcome to the interview analysis brought to you by Shankar IAS Academy. Today's date is 31st of May 2022. The list of articles we are going to discuss today is displayed on the screen, you can go through it. Now let's start our discussion with this previous year preliminary question. Let me read out the question, consider the following statements. As per law, the Compensate Tree Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority exists at both national and state levels. Statement two, people's participation is mandatory in the Compensate Tree Afforestation Program carried out under the Compensate Tree Afforestation Fund Act 2016. Now we have to find the correct statement here. See we will try to solve this question in two different ways. First we will try to solve this question by using our knowledge and then we will try to solve this question without knowing anything about this act. See firstly Compensate Tree Afforestation Fund Act 2016 provides for setting up of national authority to be called National Compensate Tree Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority. The same act also provides for state compensatory afforestation fund management and planning authority in each state. So simply Kampa exists at both central and state level. So statement one is correct and if you go through the act that is the Compensate Tree Afforestation Fund Act 2016, it is nowhere mentioned that people participation is mandatory. So this statement is incorrect. So we can conclude that our answer is option A1 only. Now let's assume you don't know anything about Kampa Act. Now how to solve this question? See just think of other statutory bodies like Human Rights Commission and Information Commission. We know that it exists both at central and state level. That is National Human Rights Commission and State Human Rights Commission or Central Information Commission and State Information Commission. So here this authority that is Compensate Tree Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority may exist at both central and state levels. So we can assume that statement one is correct. So coming to the second statement it says people's participation is mandatory. See this statement is quite extreme and people cannot be asked to participate mandatory in the process. So this statement will be mostly incorrect. So we can go with option A which is one only. See even if you don't know the exact answer, try to apply some logic. You will get the answer. Now let's move on to our article discussion. See this article here. It is a text and context article. And according to the article Union Finance Minister has said that transition away from coal as a fuel for power would be disrupted by the Russia-Ukraine war. So this statement here is the essence of the article given here. In this context we are going to understand the need to move away from coal and the extent of India's coal dependence and finally we will see how the war has made difficult for India to move away from coal. Okay. Before that the syllabus relevant to this article is highlighted here for your reference. You can go through it. Now let's start our discussion by seeing the extent of India's dependence on coal. See as of February 2022 the installed capacity for coal based power generation across the country was 2 lakh megawatt. This accounts for about 51.5 percentage of power from all sources. When compared with this the installed capacity based on natural gas is only about 25,000 megawatt. So it is only a mere 6.3 percentage of all installed capacity. Additionally know that renewable power accounted for nearly 1 lakh megawatt or you can say 27 percentage. So from this data we can safely say that India is heavily dependent on coal for power generation. Okay. See the government is also working on technologies and other methods to reduce this dependency and apart from this coal based power stations are retired periodically. But it is not good enough to make any big difference. This is because the coal based power plants are not retired fastly and at the same time new additions are also being made. For example in 2020 India added 6765 megawatt power capacity based on coal as a fuel. But during the same period only 2335 megawatt was retired. See this is understandable because coal is still inexpensive compared with other sources of energy. See I will give you a data here. According to IEA's coal report 2021 India's coal consumption will increase at an average annual rate of 4 percentage. So India will need a coal of 1.18 billion tons in 2024. So it is definitely not easy to shift away from coal overnight. Now why is it important to move away from coal? The main reason is the threat of global warming. See the threat is increasing over the planet and it is promising to bring about unprecedented natural calamities. And an effective way to keep the danger at bay is to cut the use of fossil fuels such as coal natural gas and oil. And why should we cut the use of these three fuels alone? This is because about 80 percentage of world's energy requirements are met by these three fuels that is coal natural gas and oil. See these three fuels contribute to global warming by triggering the emission of carbon dioxide. However the worst culprit of them all is coal which emits nearly twice as much carbon dioxide as natural gas. And about 60 percentage more than oil. This is based on a kilogram to kilogram comparison. Combusting coal also leaves behind partially burnt carbon particles that feed pollution and trigger respiratory disorders. The consequence of these chemical reactions gains great significance because the power sector in India accounts for 49 percentage of total carbon dioxide emission compared with the global average of 41 percentage. And these are the reasons India should move away from coal. Having seen this now let us see how war made it difficult for India to move away from coal. See natural gas has been considered as a transition fuel in India's plan to move away from coal. But the international cost of natural gas has increased too high to be financially viable. See on May 17, 2022 the price per metric million British thermal unit of gas was 1425 compared with just 500 in April 2021. So the war has made the price fluctuate which serves as a concern for India. See while renewable energy sources are cheaper than coal their ability to generate power consistently is subject to the whims of nature. Because we cannot harness the wind energy and the solar energy whenever we want. But on the other hand coal can give you power on demand and the storage technologies are still not mature enough to help renewable energy sources become reliable generators of power and this factor also made it difficult for India to move away from coal. So that is all about the article. In this news article discussion we saw about the extent of India's dependence on coal and why India should move away from coal. And then finally we saw how the war has made it difficult for India to move away from coal. Okay with these key learned points let us move on to next news article discussion. See this article here it says that Prime Minister Narendra Modi attended the release of benefits program under the PM care for children scheme through a video conference in New Delhi. And according to the article a total benefits for 4,430 children have been approved for the scheme. It is said that children who lost both their parents are a primary caregiver between March 11 2020 and February 28 2022 are eligible for the scheme.  The scheme also offers a monthly stipend from the age of 80 to 23. Other benefits are also there it includes school going children will receive free education textbooks and uniforms in the nearest government schools. Those in the private schools may avail themselves of free reimbursement. Students can also take loans for professional courses and higher education. And that is all about the news article. Now let us use this opportunity to revise about PM CARS fund. See it is a public charitable trust under the name of Prime Minister's Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situation Fund that is PM CARS fund. The fund has been set up keeping in mind the need for having a dedicated fund with the primary objective of dealing with any kind of emergency or distress situation like COVID. And it has been set up to provide relief to the affected people also. See as I already said PM CARS fund has been registered as a public charitable trust and it has been registered under the Registration Act 1908 at New Delhi on 27th of March 2020. With this basic understanding let us see the objectives. The first objective is to undertake and support relief or assistance of any kind relating to a public health emergency or other kinds of emergency calamity or distress whether it is manmade or natural. And it also includes providing funding for the creation and upgradation of healthcare and pharmaceutical facilities and other infrastructure. And additionally it also funds relevant research. The next objective is to render financial assistance, provide grants of payments of money or take such steps to help the affected population. Now let us see the Constitution of the Trust. The Prime Minister is the ex official chairman of the PM CARS fund and Minister of Defense, Minister of Home Affairs and Minister of Finance are ex official trustees of the fund. Secondly, the chairperson of the Board of Trustees who is the Prime Minister will have the power to nominate the members to the Board of Trustees. Note that three members that is three trustees would be nominated and they should be eminent persons in the field of research, health, science, social work, law, public administration and philanthropy. Now let us see some other significant points related to the scheme. See the fund consists entirely of voluntary contributions from individuals or organizations and it does not get any budgetary support. And note that donations to PM CARS fund would qualify for 80 G benefits for 100% exemption under the income tax act. And donations to PM CARS fund will also qualify to be counted as corporate social responsibility expenditure under the company's act of 2013. Okay, these are very important points. One is it gets 100% exemption under the income tax act 1961 and then it will also qualify to be counted as corporate social responsibility expenditure under the company's act of 2013. And apart from this PM CARS fund has also got exemption under the FCRA Act and a separate account for receiving foreign donations has been opened. So this enables PM CARS fund to accept donations and contributions from individuals and organizations based in foreign countries. Okay, so that's all regarding this news article. In this news article we have discussed about PM CARS fund. The primary objective of this fund is to deal with any kind of emergency or distress situation like COVID. And this fund has been recognized as a public charitable trust and has been registered under the registration act of 1908 at New Delhi. And then we have discussed two significant features of PM CARS fund. One is it would qualify for 100% exemption under the income tax act 1961 and it will be counted as a corporate social responsibility that is CSR expenditure under the company's act 2030. So with these key learned points let's move on to next news article discussion. Look at this news article. This news article talks about the special armed force camp at Perurkada. Chief minister Pinarai Vijayan on Monday inaugurated a project to create a Miyawaki forest on the premises. This SAP camp may soon be transformed into another green lung in the urban environment. See the project seeks to create a green island as a biofence on one side of the camp. This is the crux of the news article given here. So in this context let us discuss about the Miyawaki forest in prelims perspective. Then we will discuss about the concerns about these forests which are important for our preliminary as well as main system okay. See Miyawaki is a method of afforestation. It is a Japanese method of afforestation. This is to grow urban forests and expand the green cover. Also this is used to meet the stipulated plantation target. See Miyawaki is a technique pioneered by Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki. This technique helps to build dense native forest in a very short time okay. See this Miyawaki method has revolutionized the concept of urban afforestation by turning backyards into mini forests. This method includes planting trees as close as possible in the same area. Note that here we are talking only about the planting of native species okay. See the closeness in plantation not only saves space but also supports each other in growth and blocks sunlight reaching the ground thereby preventing the growth of weed. The sap links become maintenance free that is self sustainable after the first three years okay. See the main criteria is that the Miyawaki approach is supposed to ensure that the plant growth is 10 times faster. Also it should ensure that the resulting plantation is 30 times denser than usual. So Miyawaki method helps to create a forest in just 20 to 30 years. See when we take the conventional methods it takes anywhere between 200 to 300 years okay. Now let us see how does this Miyawaki forest is created. That is we will discuss about the Miyawaki process. See the native trees of the region are identified and divided into four layers. They are scrub, subtree, tree and canopy. Then the quality of the soil is analyzed and then the biomass is mixed with the soil. See the biomass would help enhance the perforation capacity, water retention capacity and nutrients in the soil okay. And after this a mound is built with the soil and the seeds are planted at a very high density. For example three to five sample links are planted per square meter and so the ground will be covered with a thick layer of mulch and this will help to build dense native forest in a very short time okay. Now having understood about this basics of Miyawaki forest now let us take a step ahead to see what are all the concerns related to this. See this kind of forest lacks some qualities of a natural forest. What are they? Miyawaki forest lack qualities like medicinal properties and the ability to bring the rain. See we can term them as fast growing plantations and cannot be termed as forest because they are actually wood lots. That is a parcel of a woodland or a forest capable of small scale production of forest products such as wood fuel, sap for maple syrup, saw logs and pulpwood. Also it can be used for recreational uses like bird watching, bushwalking and wildflower appreciation. But still it cannot be termed as a forest. See several environmentalists have questioned the efficacy of the method especially the one that accelerates the growth of trees and claims to match a forest complex ecosystem. This is because it is not a good idea to force plants to photosynthesize fast. That is all about this news article. In this news article we saw about Miyawaki method. It is a method of afforestation. It is a Japanese method pioneered by Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki. This is to grow urban forest and expand the green cover. And then we have discussed about some pros and cons associated with Miyawaki method of afforestation. With these key learned points let us move on to next news article discussion. Look at this text and context article. This article talks about the effect of foreign corrupt practices act. This act though well-intentioned has led to the phenomena of bribe switching. So today in our discussion we will look at the concept of bribe switching. Now let us start our discussion. First what is the foreign corrupt practices act? See the foreign corrupt practices act of 1977 is a US federal law that prohibits US citizens and US business entities from bribing foreign government officials to benefit their business interest. This act that is FCPA act imposes heavy fines and other penalties on American firms engaging in corrupt practices. It is one of the few well implemented laws. Many believed that this law would lead to a fall in corruption and an improvement in the economy. But in reality this did not happen. What actually happened is bribe switching. Now what is bribe switching? See when the cost of getting bribes in the legal market increases due to laws like this FCPA the public officials will move to the illegal market to get the bribes. So in reality the bribes did not come down instead bribe moves from legal to illegal markets. For example a government official might allow the illegal sale of liquor in the black market to flourish in exchange for bribes when he or she can no longer easily obtain bribes for legal entities like an investment project. So bribe shifted to black market in that countries. For example take the case of America. See when American firms could no longer offer bribes due to FCPA regulations the size of the black economy increased by as much as 0.25 percentage points. That is all about the text and context article. Now you may have a question. How is this discussion relevant for our examination? See actually the new term that we discussed today that is bribe switching can be a statement in our preliminary examination. As well as it can be used in our main answer also. Say there is a main question that goes like strict implementation of anti-corruption laws is the only solution to address the menace of corruption critically analyze. Since this is a critically analyze type question we have to write a few points supporting the statements and few points opposing the statement. Finally we have to arrive at the conclusion. In the part where we have to write a few points opposing the statements you can directly mention about bribe switching. You can mention how very strict implementation of anti-corruption law might lead to an increase in black economy. Okay you can even code the example of FCPA that we discussed today in your answer. This will make your answer unique and fetch you more marks. See main answer writing is all about resourcefulness. Stay curious and try to include as much as information as possible you learn in your main answer. Hope this was helpful with all these learned points. Let us move on to next part of our news article discussion which is preliminary practice questions discussion. Now look at the first question consider the following statements. Individuals or organization whose income is above 50 lakhs per annum are required to mandatory contribute a certain percentage to the PM CARS fund and it is voluntary for people having income below 50 lakhs per annum. Second statement contribution to PM CARS fund will be counted as CSR expenditure under the company sector of 2013. We have to find the correct statements here. See statement one it is absolutely wrong because the fund consists entirely of voluntary contributions from individuals or organizations. The contribution is not mandatory okay and regarding statement two it is correct. We have seen that donations to PM CARS fund will also qualify to be counted as CSR expenditure under the company sector. So here statement one is wrong two is correct and the question demands correct statement so our answer will be option B2 only. Look at the second question it is regarding Miyawaki forest. Consider the following statements with reference to the Miyawaki forest. It is a method of afforestation where the invasive species are planted. In this method there is closeness in plantation. It is a technique pioneered by Japanese partners Akira Miyawaki. Here also we have to find the correct statement. See the first statement it is incorrect because it is a method of afforestation where the native species are planted and it is not the invasive species okay. Regarding the second statement it is correct because in this method there is closeness in plantation where there are 3 to 5 sampling per square meter okay and statement three it is also correct. Yes this we saw in our discussion right Miyawaki forest is a technique pioneered by Japanese bottomist Akira Miyawaki. So statement one is wrong two and three are correct and the question demands correct statement so our answer will be option C2 and three only. See the main questions are displayed here write your answer and post it in the comment section. If you like the video hit the like button post your comments and share the video with your friends and don't forget to subscribe Shankar IAS Academy YouTube channel. Thanks for watching.


My name is Nikki Dionne and I am the Program Coordinator for the Métis Community Support Worker Program, which I'll probably call MCSW for the rest of the interview because it's such a muffle. And my role is to support the students. I advocate on their behalf. I connect them to supports. I help them navigate systems. I also provide some funding support like child care and gas and grocery support. And I keep their kitchen and pantry filled on campus. Tonce, my name is Colleen Hodson. I'm the Director of Education for Métis Nation BC and I'm a proud citizen of our Métis government in British Columbia. And my role with the CSW program is to work a lot with the instructors and the curriculum and just talk about what that looks like and what the Métis pedagogy could be and is throughout the course. So a lot of work with the instructors and a lot of work with Nikki. Before I came on board, the Ministry of Youth and Collaboration with some of the other ministries with Métis Nation British Columbia conducted a gap analysis. A survey was sent out to Métis citizens and people on the MNBC distribution list. And basically asked things, you know, your regular demographics questions, but also what's the highest level of education you've received. There are a lot of Métis with a lower level of education. And so we wanted to kind of gather some of that information. And one of the questions that was asked was that if you were offered a program, what kind of program would you like? Would you like something in the sciences? Would you? And the resounding response in general was something in a support role. A lot of Métis are nurturers and want to help people. So they started a discussion with the University of Fraser Valley, who already had an existing community support worker program. And they started to talk about how that could be customized to fit for some Métis students. Well, if we're really talking about time, we could say that the relationship with UFE started many years ago. So I went to university at UFE and both my sons went to university at UFE. And I sit on the Senate and Indianization Committee of the University of Fraser Valley. So in my role there and working with the folks at UFE, there was an opportunity for it to build that relationship and to grow it. And so when we were talking about the program and then we were looking out, well, gee, where's a place we could host this cohort and who could be partnered with? And UFE came to mind. So the meeting started. The relationship was strengthened. And here we are. I don't think the original aim has changed. I think the general hope for this program was to provide an educational opportunity to offer to Métis people, but also to provide them with cultural support. A lot of Métis people, a lot, a lot of Métis people don't find out until later in their lives that they are Métis, unless they are lucky enough to practice through family members throughout their lives. And so part of what we were hoping for was to help what we call bring them home. And so to offer these cultural experiences to Métis people who maybe have just recently found out that they're Métis, as well as providing them with the skills that they need to be successful in higher than minimum wage opportunities. Again, because of the low level of education for many Métis in BC. So that aim hasn't really changed, but the delivery has. And so in bringing these students on board, it was quickly evident that there was a lot of barriers and a lot of skills missing. So one of the things that we started to offer were some skill building workshops as well as the in classroom and as well as cultural workshops. So we kind of added some in to enrich their experience. But that aim, I don't know, I think it stayed the same. I think the aim stayed the same. It was maybe just recognizing the needs and defining what those needs were and then responding to that in a way that would help the students. And although they're individuals as a cohort, there were needs that there was a commonality such as daycare and gas and food. So these things recognized, you know, and the amount of need, I guess, for each student. So then it could be met because without that, it's going to be difficult for them to focus on the program. It's brand new, never been done before, complete pilot project. We are in semester three of five. Yeah. So we are pretty close to the halfway mark, actually. Yeah. So semester one was summer 2018. And that was an opportunity for upgrading. So all the students, no matter what their level of education was coming into the program, were put into upgrading. And so that those that perhaps only had a grade eight level of education were able to come up to the standards required for university and to help those that maybe had that to brush up and remind themselves also what it's like to be in school. And then the fall semester last year, they started their foundational courses, the kind of getting ready for university courses. And then now they are in the thick of the community support worker courses. They do that for this semester. And then summer 2019, and then in fall 2019, they will do a practica in a community support worker role. And then they're done. Yeah. So the finish line is at the end of December this year, convocation June 2020. It's very hard to measure this program, one, because there's no previous measurements to kind of fall back on. And two, because yeah, like how do you define the success? So one of the things that me and our policy analyst and the individual that is on my team that's really, really good with evaluation and reporting, we talked a lot about it. And so what we ended up coming up with is we do have like a tangible, quantifiable evaluation that's conducted at the end of every semester. And in that we ask, you know, please rate your overall health in a number of different areas over the semester, financial, relational, cultural, mental, physical, and rate your overall satisfaction. Can you tell us what workshops were most meaningful for you all in a ranking system? But I also have experience being a community support worker myself. And so I know the importance of having that person to person interaction. So every semester I also sit down with the students and have an informal check-in. And so I have a list of questions that they get beforehand. And so I ask them things like, you know, how are things going? What areas do you need support? What areas are going well? What can we do to make that better? That kind of stuff. So I think that in the end of it, we'll see success as here was the baseline when they came into the program and where was the improvement. And then also there's the regular educational based success markers like grades, graduation, student retention. So I think that that's how we're going to know if it's successful. But it's a moving target. And their interest in cultural and Métis culture. Like so everything about it, whether it's language or clothing or food or everything, they seem to be really, they're reaching out. So that's that's grown from the beginning because they're feeling a little bit more comfortable with who they are. So now they're wanting to know more and they know that it's they can share that with their families. I'm sure when they go home. Yes. So it's it's kind of yeah. Well, and even just like through discussion with them, because I also interact with them quite regularly. But the yeah, the level of interest in being involved at the community level, we've had quite a few now who are very involved with their charter community in their in their town or wherever they live. But yeah, and also the involvement of children and you know, offering these opportunities to their kids as well, because they might might not have had them. So that was yeah. Yeah, so it's really that community, the community's supporting them and their families supporting. And that's not typical. But you would see in a program or have those expectations. So that's really different and it's really growing. Yes. It's awesome. I think it's fantastic. So and for me as a program coordinator in terms of having an impact, I think that if someone learns something about themselves, that's an impact, right from the you know, unfortunately, we have had students leave the program. But it just means that their journey isn't within the lines of this program at this time. But if having been accepted into the program began a journey of healing that was necessary for whatever else was in life, then I think that's a positive impact. So but still how is it how do you measure those things, right? How do you how do you measure human emotions and right? So interesting, I'll just share an experience that we had with the instructors here when we started working on that exact thing. So right at the very beginning when they were doing their first semester, we thought, okay, so I met with the instructors and that we had meetings and we sat there and we shared lots of resources and curriculum specifically me tea. And many of my own resources and resources that I've developed over the years working for MNBC. So we shared those resources and talked about them. And the first thing I recognized right away is the instructors were somewhat reluctant to jump into this and engage in it. And the reason why was of course they were familiar with it. It wasn't their area of expertise in teaching or sharing. So once they realized that we could do this together. And as we moved along just do it piece by piece by piece. And that there was no real wrong way to do it, which they absolutely thought there was. But once we understood that everybody has a different level of knowledge about it like everybody and everything. So and once we had that conversation and discussion, it just changed. They were so open and so willing to engage in it and to take resources that were there and develop lesson plans around and had always creative and amazing ideas of ways to do it. So it wasn't about me sitting down with them going this is how you need to do it. Here are the resources. This is what it looks like. It was me sharing the resources with them and going what do you guys think? And recognizing that they had all different areas of expertise in the resources and the stuff they come up with was truly amazing. It was awesome. So and then watching them build on that and do it. And then every time there was an opportunity to introduce more resources or ideas, whether it was math or English or whatever, it was, I got lots of ideas from them. Yeah, it was amazing. But I guess what was most meaningful was their willingness. Their willingness to invest in it. So they were coming from a good place. And the students know that of course, right through that. And it's their culture. So here we have people that are not Metis teaching this and sharing this, but it works. So I would say that the pedagogical process is still happening. I don't think there's anything that can be determined or definitive about that. I think it needs to happen in the classroom with the students and with the instructors, whether they're Metis or not Metis, or the people around them, like Shirley being a really strong First Nations woman and sharing her culture with them and that. So I think it's more than one thing. So but the process itself has to be collaborative. So no one person can own anything. And so the pedagogy of it is that this is our way of knowing, this is our way of being. And this is so an example I would use, I always go to my elders with this sort of work is that one of my elders explains it this way, when there's these issues over what language we speak as Metis, people will say Mitch of Cree or there's more French in it or it's all Cree.  So I asked her so I said, so how do we determine that? And she goes, well, I just tell everybody, this is just my language. It's just mine. It doesn't mean you have to have it. But I'm just telling you that it's my language and I just want to plant seeds for you so that you can explore what that looks like. And that was a great way to talk about pedagogy. And that's what it is in the classroom is just planting those seeds. They're young Metis people and different parts of their life and different parts of their journey and where are they going to go with it? It's not to be determined by anybody, but their own selves. So we can only do that and support them. They're going to end up in amazing places. You know, bringing that Metis information and culture into the curriculum, absolutely sharing Metis poems and, you know, how do you use math to build your Red River card or whatever, right? For sure. But one of the really incredible parts of this program is that built right in from the get go at least once a month. Oh, no, sorry, twice a month by weekly will offer a cultural workshop to the students. And that's a big portion of what I do is coordinating those days. And that includes reaching out to and getting securing the Metis elders to come in or the knowledge keepers and the artisans to share their knowledge to share their perspective also, because like Colleen said, Metis people are so different. And so it's really good for these students to get a multitude of perspectives to really learn that like, everyone is so different, but there's still a lot that is the same. Yeah, for sure. Right. So, yeah, and those workshops are just amazing. And we bring in, we cover costs for supplies, we bring in these knowledge keepers. And so they've done all kinds of stuff. They've had a day of beating with a Metis artisan. They had jigging and medicines with a knowledge keeper. They've, they'll be making compotes in the future, learning Machiff and Cree, hopefully going on a canoe journey, like just a number of different things that are in these workshops. And also they have Metis elder dedicated to the program. Yeah, like U of V has this really cool program of having elders available for students to access during lots of different times of the day. And we worked together to not just bring on more and more Metis elders, but that we have one that specifically focuses on these students and spends a lot of time with them. And I think that's a huge way of us. So yeah, it's and, and they're invited to community events. They're invited to MNBC events. They've come out and, and lent their experience and perspective to surveys and research and, you know, all these different things. So they're also participating in that way. Yeah, and I think the part that's really important there too is this connection to the community that this creates. So if you're bringing Lisa Shepard and his amazing Metis artisan into the classroom and they're doing beating or you're bringing Marie Berset, the elder that's there for them, or they're carving paddles with Patrick. When they're doing these things, Patrick and Lisa and everybody else are still out in the community. So now they leave and they go to the community and they see these people that were at the university. Yeah. So they're making this connection that this is the university is a community, the classrooms a community and the Metis community. And it's all connected. And I think I mean, from my own experience, that was never like that. You were very disconnected. I had my Metis community and I had the university and they were separate.  So now it's changing. It's all being part of the community. So I think that's just so key. Yeah. Yeah, for sure.