how much Jesus loves them. We here at Cornerstone, we are in it to win it. We want people to know the love of Christ. I'm Amy Schaefer here on Hope Today with Tom and Sydney. Tom, we're in it to win it. We are in it to win it. And as the body of Christ, we're called to reach the whole world with the gospel. And we've got a young couple coming up, David and Lauren Perdan. They are missionaries to Japan. Now guys, Japan is one of the more difficult places. There's so many people, but there's so much tradition there, and there's so much of what we might call Western materialism, that it's a hard area for the gospel, but they are just laying it on the line there in Japan. And you're gonna hear about what their heart is and what God is doing through them. It's gonna be beneficial to all of us to help us, Sydney, bring that love of God to the people we know. You know, I know one thing I've heard about in Japan that they have a very high suicide rate. So there's like so much perfectionism is put on them, just with the culture. And so it's so important and so beautiful that couple is going in to Japan and showing the love of Jesus. And you know, one thing I think for all of us as we go into this conversation we're about to hear in a moment is just to think about the hardest places to go. You know, thinking about those people in, you know, wealthier areas or different places that need to hear the gospel, because there's a lot of even hard places right here at home, Amy, that people need to hear Jesus. Oh, I've met missionaries that feel called from other countries to come here to spread the gospel to America. I mean, people are watching the news. Bring them on, bring them on. We need everybody who wants to come. Come on to America and preach the gospel here. Exactly, to spread the gospel and to preach. So, and it reminds me too of why we are doing what we're doing here at Cornerstone. Every day, 24 hours a day, seven days a week, we just keep going year after year. How many years, Tom? 40, four, three, four? Years of sharing the gospel. Why? Because Jesus came for the world. Jesus loves the world. Jesus loves the lost, the hurting, the broken, not just Americans, but all people all over the world are coming to Christ. So it's exciting to hear from different parts of the world how God is making it. If you don't mind, you were just sharing with me how you met some of your neighbors recently and how that the Lord has opened up a new, like whole avenue of just that friendship kind of thing. It's so important. That's the kind of thing that all of us can do. Maybe all of us aren't called to be David Livingstone or something, you know, but we are all called to be that light in the darkness. No, I mean, find common ground, you know, and I'm meeting new neighbors for the first time. I'm like, what's our common ground? I'm like talking, you know, shop, putting some thoughts. We all read books. So this was a no-brainer. I'm like, we are having a book club. We've already had our first book club. The second one is already booked. Sydney, we're coming together and we're getting to know one another. But I'm telling you, there's gonna come a time when they ask me some questions. How did you get to Pittsburgh? What are you doing? And I'm gonna have a wide open door to share why I'm here and what I'm doing. And they might even be watching this today. So you just never know, Sydney, we all have a responsibility to take the gospel into our world. We surely do. Just even hearing what you're doing, meeting your neighbors because we're called to love our neighbors as ourselves. And I think it is so important that we just be a witness, that we go out and build relationships with people.  Wherever it may be, like seek the heart of God and say, how can I just be in relationship with someone? How can I just love someone? How can I just sit at a coffee shop or invite them into my home or go out to eat somewhere? It's all about building relationships because that's what all Jesus is about. That's right. So we're gonna take a quick break when we come back. We're gonna hear about what God is doing in a far, far flung place across the globe. We'll be right back. Remember your childhood joy and excitement when being invited to a party? You felt valued, included, wanted and ready to have a good time. Bestselling author Bob Goff believes that every day of life can be lived with the same childlike enthusiasm and sense of humor. Inside love does, you'll learn that love is a verb, not just a feeling. His insights and joyful reflections will help you discover what it means to live fully alive, even as you serve others. Prepare to encounter remarkable stories from Bob Goff's life as he shares how living and loving to the fullest is the best way to make Jesus known in this world. Request your copy of Love Does when you give your best gift this month. Your gift today will help Cornerstone Television show the life-changing love of Jesus through Christ-centered TV programs. Call us at<PHONE_NUMBER> or give at ctvn.org slash donate. Lauren and David Perdan, Missionaries to Japan. Scuba, Japan, interesting name. So, David, let's start with you. Tell me how God led you to this ministry. Absolutely, and now, I like to brag on my wife here. My call to ministry didn't look exactly the same as hers. She did it the way that as a child, I thought was the only way God called people into missions. She was called when you're supposed to at a children's mission service. And she has never really deviated from that path. I was a little bit more feisty. I loved missions as a kid, but I was terrified of that precious word in scripture, go, because my God has a lot better people in store for his kingdom than me. But when I was in college, I had the opportunity to travel short-term to Asia. And God used a series of trips throughout my college years to devastate my heart in a good way for these people who not only don't know Christ, but statistically in their lifetime, will never meet a Christian. And I graduated with a degree, but I did not escape a call to missions. So, part of our ministry as church planters is we'll be working with the deaf that I'll let Lauren kind of share with. But it was through actually a dynamic dream that I ended up having where I saw the exact location that we'll be working that happened to be where my now wife was interning in Japan. It's a crazy set of circumstances, but we are so excited to be exactly where God has called us. Absolutely, that's an exciting story. Well, tell me your story, Lauren. Yes, well, like David said, I was called into missions when I was very young. I grew up in a pastor's home in Ohio. And when I was nine years old, God called me into full-time missions. And I also grew up in deaf culture in deaf ministry. My grandparents are deaf on my mother's side and my parents have been involved in deaf ministry their whole life. But it wasn't actually until I got to college that God really placed on my heart to do deaf missions overseas to kind of combine deaf ministry and missions. And it was on my first trip as well to Asia. And when God connected our team that we are working with the deaf community there, and I saw that there was such a need everywhere in the world, there's a need for deaf ministry, but especially in places where we'll be going like Asia and places where not only will they most likely never meet a Christian, but the likelihood of them meeting a Christian who's able to tell them about the gospel in their own language is even more unlikely. And so that's when God really placed on my heart and then eventually on both of our hearts to do deaf ministry overseas in these contexts. Yeah, well, I know from other deaf missionaries to deaf people that a lot of times deaf people have no other services in many cases. And all of a sudden, here's someone they could talk to. Here's someone that cares about them. Here's someone that wants to do something with them. So tell me about that and about Japan in general. That's a very mostly non-Christian country and from what I've understood, I've never been there myself from what I understand, hard to the gospel. What have you seen? Well, what we've seen is especially through this ministry an incredible opportunity. I'll actually, if you wouldn't mind, a story from when I personally got called into deaf ministry actually happened in Thailand. Now at this point I had traveled a couple different places in Asia and I kind of got this perception, just getting into missions. Missions in the Buddhist world is hard. It's true, it's not uncommon. It can be very disheartening as a missionary. You might have someone in your congregation in Japan or somewhere else in a Buddhist country who's even a congregant in your congregation for a number of years, but never give a commitment to Christ. And a lot of that is because of the culture. It's the idea that in a collectivist society, until you get baptized, even the non-Christian community recognizes that this is the moment that you've crossed that threshold and you're gonna get cut off from everything. But the opportunity that we are seeing. So when I traveled to Thailand, I at this point was leading a shorter term trip. We were there for about the summer. We were doing a number of children's outreaches, VBS is that sort of thing. And I remember the host missionary that we're working at with gave me a call and was like, this is strange, but does anyone on your team know sign language? At this point I was learning a little bit and I was like, I know some. And she's like, because we've been here for years and within the last couple months we have had an explosion of Thai Buddhist death that are all getting involved with our ministry. And I get there and I got to meet a gentleman by the name of Eem, this is his sign name. And Eem and his wife run a small cafe in Thailand. And they heard the gospel preached one time and they were essentially, you mean to tell me that there's a God who loves me, who sent even foreigners to speak my language that my own family isn't learning and has cut me off because my whole family assumes that, oh, I was born deaf, that means I must have done something wrong in another life. But when they're presented with this opportunity, when they're presented with the gospel, they're like, what do they have to lose compared to their hearing Buddhist friends and family? They're all in and there is a revival happening for the deaf all over Asia. We've seen it in Thailand, we've seen it in other parts of kind of Southern Asia and what we are excited is getting to join a team, a church planting community in Scuba, which happens to be the only university for the deaf in Japan. Wow, wow. So I wanna say hi to Eem here. So is this Eem? So how would I just say hi? Just like. Yep. Okay. Yep. All right, so. Hi Eem. All right, hi Eem. All right. So tell me what you see, Lauren, as you are into this ministry and you're working in Japan and what do you see for the future? What is God leading you to? Yeah, absolutely. Well, like David said, we're joining a church planting team in Scuba and the city of Scuba is just north of Tokyo. So it's pretty central there in Japan and there is an expressway, a train line that runs from Tokyo to Scuba and that train line goes through one of the most densely populated places on planet Earth, the Tokyo Scuba Expressway. And our team's goal is to plant 20 churches along the Scuba Tokyo Expressway from Scuba into Tokyo. And like David said, our specific role on the team is gonna be starting up a deaf ministry in the area through a local university for the deaf in Scuba. So there's already a thriving deaf population there in Scuba, Japan. But as far as we know, there's no ongoing ministry for them in that area. And so our plan right now is to get over there to Scuba and partner with the university for the deaf there to start up a college ministry outreach through English tutoring or teaching as well as as opportunities for us to even help teach American sign language in some contexts. And so to start up a deaf ministry there through the school with college students and then move to Bible studies, interpreted services and then with the team plant one of the first deaf churches there in Scuba, Japan. Yes. What a fantastic, wonderful vision God has given you guys. So I just have to go back to your stories and how you got to this place. So there's somebody watching, they're a church kid, you know? Like all of us, I was brought up in the church too. So brought up in a church and kind of don't know what to do with things other than they're still going to church. What would you say to someone who just feels a stirring in their heart as they're hearing you talk? What would you say to them about taking the next step? It's the idea of we are all called to make disciples. We're called to be disciples. And let me tell you, the most best and terrifying description of being a disciple that I've ever heard is learning to do what our master does. So the disciple does. And sometimes you can see, I remember being that kid in church and seeing these people going to these incredible, you know, places and thinking, wow, I could never do something like that. But my journey as a missionary didn't start when we accepted the call to go to Japan. It started the very first time I volunteered at my church. It started the very first time that I went out of my comfort zone cross-culturally to go inner city, to hand out bottles of water and pray for people than I ever thought I could pray about. We have to learn how to be willing to step out of our comfort zone cross-culturally and love people the same way that our master loved people, the way he still loves all of us. And he will take you exactly where he has called you to be. I'm sure of it. He's doing that with us. Yeah, so take that next step, whatever it is, the next step to serve in the church and cross-culturally, God will lead you from there. Yep. Yeah. Well, I love your story. I love what you're doing. And when are you gonna be over there and clearly living there and everything? Spring of next year. Spring of next year. Yep. All right. We'll be praying for that. And praying, what a great vision. I'm excited for you guys. Lauren and David, thank you so much for being with us. Thank you so much. Tom, what you doing? Oh, I can't find anything good on YouTube to watch. The commentaries, the blogs, the tier videos, the gaming videos, it's all boring. Oh, have you thought about subscribing to Cornerstone's YouTube channel? Cornerstone has a YouTube channel? Of course it does. Hold on, taking a pause to remind you to subscribe to our channel. Hit that like button and ring that bell for notifications. Now back to the video. I'll show you how to subscribe. Just search for Cornerstone Television Network and hit the subscribe button so you can stay up to date getting filled with the Holy Spirit with consistent uploads every day. Keep up with your favorite moments and never miss a beat. Will you help us as we race to 100,000 subscribers? We can't do it without your help. The content is never ending with countless hours of entertainment. So subscribe to the Cornerstone YouTube channel today. Hope happens here. Well, I enjoyed that conversation so much. We had a little while back with that young couple, Lauren and David, in Japan doing all they can. And it's interesting what God gave them, the deaf ministry, as an entry point to minister to people. In fact, we've got a scripture about that. It's 1 Corinthians 9-23, and it says this. This is Paul talking. And he says, I do all this for the sake of the gospel that I may share in its blessings. Well, what's all this? What he was talking about, guys, is he's talking about to the weak I become weak, to the poor I become poor, and he's not. And we're not talking about being fakey here. We're talking about God's given us a way to relate to people, a way to touch a life that only we can do. And he's given us that entry point into their life to share the love of God with them. I love this conversation so much because we all as believers, we have to stop and take note of what am I doing right now practically in all actuality to touch people with the gospel. The scripture right before the one you read in the Passion, it says this. I have adapted to the culture of every place I've gone so that I could more easily win people to Christ. Are you on a pickleball team? Do you play racquetball? Are you a soccer mom? Do you like to go to the library? Like, what are you doing? What are you passionate about? And in that world or in that culture, how can you bring heaven to earth? How can you connect people with God? Sydney, don't you just love that God puts us so uniquely with all these different interests and passions placed in different parts of the world and we're the light. I love what you've read on that scripture is that adapted to the culture. We're not talking about being in the world. I mean, we're in the world not being of the world but adapting to the culture, understanding just where you are. Like sometimes I think a lot of times and we'll be honest, like I've heard Christians get a bad rep because you just, you might plop yourself there and just start throwing things at people and saying things and screaming at people. We've all seen those things, right? But that's not what Jesus came to do. When we look at the scriptures, when we look at the Bible, we look at Jesus and the life that he lived. He was eating with the people. He was out among them and I think that is so true for us. It's like a lot of times I think, sometimes Tom and Amy makes me like really sad when I'll see like, I've been at like big Christian events and I remember even one time, like a couple of years ago down in DC and I just remembered there was like, these Christians were picketing and they were saying, I'm gonna dance other Christians and saying all this stuff. And I'm like, this is not what it's about. Yeah, we're all supposed to come together as one. And so I just want to encourage you, something that is so beautiful is that when, if God's calling you to a specific place or a specific area, just to even learn a new language. You know, learn the way that people speak. Don't come in, drop in your Christianese. Oh, the Lord said that, people don't respond to that. You know, and I think we're in a season and time that God wants to like retrain us. He wants us to like understand the situations that we're in so that we can speak to people. We can speak to them out of love. And then as we begin to open up, as we begin to be a witness, even sharing our stories and our testimonies of things that we've gone through, then people will be more open and like, huh, well that happened. I think we should be like so excited to just share what God has done in our lives. This kind of stuff is all over scripture. Listen, the truths of God are solid things. They don't change. But look at Jesus with the woman at the well. He started asking about, get me a drink of water, please. And all those kinds of things. Paul on Mars Hill, where he used their cultural connection with the temples that were all around them to have a springboard to show the gospel. Look at what the young couple, Lauren and David have done. They just knew some sign language and it blossomed into this ministry to the deaf. And right in an area where they're gonna have to travel from where they are to the school that they're gonna be working with that is the most densely populated or one of the most densely populated areas on earth. Do you think God cares about those people in that densely populated area that are mostly without a witness of the gospel? Yes, he does. He cares about them enough to open a door. So what is God saying to you? Are you called to go to another nation? Yes, you are. Go ahead, go. Okay, maybe you are. And there are a lot of people that are, but maybe you're called to your neighborhoods, your area, I can say right now, you are called. So what is that thing? Ask God for it. When you begin to touch the heart of God, when you begin to get something in your spirit, it says, hey, I really want to share your love with these people. Show me how, Amy, God opens up a door that no man can shut. You know, listening to their interview and you don't hear that often, we're ministering to the deaf community in another part of the world. It reminded me of my 16 year old self. And I just remembered, I loved handicapped children and you know, kids in wheelchairs and there's a center in Norman, Oklahoma where the parents did not want the children or could not felt overwhelmed taking care of the children. So it was a children's handicapped center. And I just started volunteering. I was a brand new driver. So I was volunteering there so much that they said, we have to pay you. We have to hire you. They would even let me guys, this is crazy to think back on, they would let me check the children out. I would take them to Sonic for a drink. I would take them to my parents' home with the 16 year old girl. I was just so passionate about it. So I wonder what things were you passionate about that maybe you've buried for a while. I mean, just hearing that conversation kind of spurred up. I love the deaf. I love the children. I love the handicapped children. What is in you that maybe has been lying dormant for a while? Maybe it's time like Paul said to stir up, man, stir up that gift inside. If ever there was a time that people need Jesus, the time is now. And it's not like Jesus is just coming from the clouds and meeting face to face with everybody. He's sending you into all the world. He's sending me into all the world. Sydney, it is, it's a joy. Because we can become like fat Christians, so to speak, where it's all about us. Our blessing, our world. We're saved, we're delivered. And it's like we're just getting bigger and bigger. We've got to give out to others. We truly do have to give out to others and just really love on people. And even as you were talking, I just really sense that somebody's watching right now and you are really seeking from God. You really want to hear from God. You really are just like, I don't know where my life is going. I don't know where my life is heading. And this is why we exist. Doing Hope Today on Cornerstone Telstra Network. We've been here for 44 years and this is why we simply exist because we want everyone to know that's what our founder, Norma Bixler said. We want everyone to know who Jesus is. It's more than just a belief, but knowing that he is the savior, that he is the king of kings, that he is our all in all.  And maybe you've tuned in today because you know what?  Well, this is your answer. Jesus paid the ultimate price for you. He died on the cross and he rose again after three days and he was resurrected and he ascended.  And then we're not saying that it's gonna be easy at times, that we can all test up here, that being with Jesus has made those trials, it's made those circumstances able to get through them, to navigate through them and God has taught us some remarkable things in the journey.   And one thing I think about that scripture is that, you know, it's a narrow road that we walk on through with Jesus, we find the life through walking that narrow road because there's so many different pathways that the world throws at us, but we can tell you and we can bet everything on it that when you walk with Jesus, when you walk on that narrow road, when you walk step by step, that he will speak to you, he will give you revelation, he will love you and he will begin to show you as you trust in him and you put your faith in him. He will begin to remove those storms and move those things that are blocking you out of your pathway. And if it's your first time that you're saying, you know what, I want to give my life to Jesus, give us a call at our prayer line at<PHONE_NUMBER>. We love you and we just know, let your new life in him begin today. Well, that's a powerful message.  In fact, there's an old song, there's a river of life flowing out from me, caused the lame to walk in the blind to see, opens prison door, sets the captives free, there's a river of life. I've got a river of life flowing out of me. So you've got that, you've got that river of life. So where is it going to go? Who's it going to flow on today? We were talking about, you can't hold this stuff into yourself.  It's a swamp, you know, it just, it's a flood. It doesn't do anybody any good. But that river of life flowing and flowing out of you, those things that he's put within you, that spirit of God that like Amy said, you have this desire to just touch a life over there. There's something that God has put within you that needs to be released. Somebody that you love, somebody that maybe you're passionate about, you're passionate about a certain cause or said, those are all keys to what God wants to do.  Let me flow out of my innermost being onto someone today. Amy, take us home with this. Well, I mean, Jesus modeled it, Paul modeled it.  I'm going to your house today. You mean he went to the house of the sinner. He went to the house of the lost. He went to the house of the guy that was stealing. Yeah, Jesus is a friend of sinners. He became our friend and then our savior. So why don't you be a friend to sinners today? And I believe when you do, then you'll find real hope today. On tomorrow's hope today, discover the 10 principles to overcome adversity and live above defeat. Former law enforcement officer and author Adam Davis shares his personal experiences with abuse and depression by exploring biblical truths that enabled him to embrace the hope and victory available in Christ. That's tomorrow on hope today. Cornerstone Television wishes to thank all our faithful viewers whose consistent prayers and financial support have made this program possible.


Hey, what's up, coach? Welcome back to the show today. I got a really good question this comes from a soccer trainer in Florida and His name is Tim and Tim asked me said hey Ben right now. My business is doing around $4,000 per month. I want to get to the $10,000 per month level What are some things that I can do to get there and and My answer on this has changed a lot actually over the past couple years Because I have a lot of videos on YouTube where I talk about money I talk about how to grow and scale your business and if you haven't watched those videos like Feel free to go watch those they're free on YouTube And I feel like I give a lot of good strategy and good advice there But today My answer is very simple For Tim so Tim for watching this What we need to do first is understand what got you here in the first place like how did you get to the point? We're making $4,000 a month and oftentimes coaches and trainers Overlook what they've done in the past to generate income and then they just stop doing those things so for example When I started my business, I spent like I'm not not kidding I spent every single weekend going out to the fields watching games talking to parents Meeting people coming away with phone numbers calling people putting on free demo sessions I I did that for years and I didn't go away from that like because that kept working right and It's easy to get caught up though like after you have clients to just be like I don't need to do that anymore So the first thing I would do is go back to what you originally did to get clients and Double down on them All right, that's that's number one number two as you grow your business. You don't want to Grow your business and and financially do better and have to work more All right, so what I'm getting out here is you should turn your training business into a group setup All right, so with the group setup you're training more kids at once You have less sessions that you have throughout the week, which means you have more free time So as you end up making more money The amount of time that you're training starts to decrease All right, it's not increasing so every new client you get you're not spending more time training You're every new client you get you're spending part of the same amount or you're handing that off or you're delegating that off to another coach right and The third thing here is I know if you're asking for advice on how to get to that level. I know you're not running referral programs I know that you're not Sending out newsletters every single week. I know that you're not putting out offers To your current clients to have them do more things I know you're probably not running a clinic every other week or once a month So like running a clinic once a month automatically generates more revenue Even if it's free because on the back end you can make sales to your main program if you have enough kids that are there But those those are things that I would look at is you know a How can I start offering more referrals or how can I put together a referral program? How can I capitalize on a referral program? How can I make that a system so every month that that generates new? Players and and students into my academy So those are a couple things that I would look at And I'm not gonna say well. Yeah, you should start running Facebook ads or you should start doing this or that No, you you should double down on what guy you here in the first place All right, and you should turn everything into a group system All right, you should start running more clinics to draw in new people. All right, that also generates more income And you should set things up in a way where as you make more income you are not working more hours and I have said that a lot over the past couple of podcasts that doesn't click with everyone until it becomes a painful enough problem, right and You know what I'm talking about if you get burned out with training and you're getting burnt out because you're working too many hours It's not because you don't like training anymore. It's because you're working too many hours And that is a huge problem that coaches get as they start growing their business. They're making more money Well now they're working more hours. We have to flip that mindset. Hope that helps and I'll see you later


One of the things I find most tedious about scientific writing is entering numbers into text. I don't trust myself. I know that I'm likely to transpose numbers, goof things up, use calculations that I didn't really mean to use. Well, in today's episode of Code Club, I'm going to show you a way to avoid that, using inline code in an R Markdown document. Hey friends, I'm Pat Schloss, and this is Code Club. In each episode of Code Club, I try to apply principles of reproducible research to an interesting biological question. Over the past 50 or so episodes, I've been trying to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of Amplicon sequence variants, also called ASVs, and operational taxonomic units, also called OTUs. Well, we're at the point we're writing our manuscript, right? And if you've watched over the past few episodes, we've seen that we've expanded from an outline into a rough draft. And as I write, I don't insert numbers and I don't insert specifics, because I find that going and finding those values really slows me down. Well, today we're ready to start inserting those specifics. And we're going to show you how you can use our code in an R Markdown document to insert literal calculations into the text, so that when you see a number, you know that you haven't transposed a number or screwed something up. Also, it provides a level of transparency so somebody can come back later and say, Hey, Pat had this number of 23,000.56. Where did that number come from? And you can take that number all the way back to a raw data file. Sound exciting? Well, I know it's not that exciting to everyone. But for me, it's been huge for revolutionizing how my lab does its research and reports our values, because I feel like it makes it so much more reproducible. So we're going to dig into this draft we've been working on. And I'll show you how we can insert inline R code into the manuscript to populate these values. So we're going to go ahead into our project root directory. As we've done so many times in the past, I'll go ahead and open up my R project file in our studio. This will pop us into our current working directory.  So we are kind of where we left off. After the past two episodes, again, I've got my code, my text here. You'll see that in here, I've got some x's for what I want to plug in specific values. And so this all looks good, like we remember it. We might not get through all of the text today. Also, sometimes what happens is I start looking at the text and looking at my analysis and realizing I don't actually have the data that I thought I had for the manuscript. So we might run into that either in this episode or the next episode, but we'll get it squared away. And so what I'm going to do is at the top of this document, I'm going to create an R chunk. And we've seen this before when we talked about making those exploratory data files. And that's with the three backticks and set of curly braces. And we close out a R chunk with three backticks. And inside the curly braces, we put R, right? So in here, I'm going to put library tidyverse, library knitter, and library here. I remember that library here, the here library helps R to know where we are, our studio or sorry, our markdown to know where we are. And we saw that previously in our, in our exploratory data analysis. So I like to put my code chunk that I'm generating the values out of close to the paragraph where I'm going to use those values. So I'll go ahead and create another code chunk down here. And I'm going to need to read in my metadata and my ASV data and then join those together. I've already done that a few times in the exploratory data analysis. So I'm going to actually go to my exploratory. And I think I had that a good one down here. Kind of when we were doing the lumping and splitting. Yeah, so this looks good. I'm going to go ahead and copy this back to my manuscript RMD and give it the once over to make sure everything looks good. For now, I'm not going to worry about only selecting one genome per species. And actually, I'm going to get rid of that. As well as that final pipe, we might come back and revisit that later. So ESV and then metadata ESV, we're going to join those all together. And if I run these, let's see, could not find function read CSV. And that's because although I put it up here, I didn't actually run these library commands. Okay, so those all look good. And then if we come back down now, I can run these. And that's going well. And let's see, I want it in the console, not inline. I'll remove that output. Okay, so again, the first question is, how many genomes are represented in the R&DB? Right. And so what I can do is that we have metadata. And as you recall, metadata is has a row for each of the genomes in the data set. And there is like 15,614 genomes, right? So we need our to tell our text that are to insert that into our text. So what I can do is that I can replace that series of XXXs. And I can put in two back ticks. And inside the back ticks, I put an R space. And then I can do n row metadata. Okay. And so what that will pop in is 15,614 into that slot. Okay, so to show you what that looks like, I could knit it here. And let's go ahead and knit it. That's fine. This will generate a PDF version of the document. It takes a moment, but it goes pretty quick. And this is outputting it as a word document for some reason. That's fine. For now, we'll get that figured out. You'll see my code chunk here, which I don't really want. But lucky here, we've got 15,614. Looks good, right? So that's effectively what we want. So to get rid of outputting my code, I can tell our markdown to not echo my code. So I'm going to go ahead and close that document. I will also look at my output here. And I'm going to, yeah, that's right. So I did both word document default and PDF keep text true. Okay, that's fine. So what I can do is at the top of my code chunk, I can say echo equals false. And that will keep our markdown from outputting the code. Okay, so that's good. And again, we've got our first bit of information inserted into our text, which is awesome. So the next thing we want to know is each genome had between some number, probably one, and some other number copies of the RN operon. I think what I want to, as we do this also, we realize that maybe we want to put in, we want to word things differently, or we want to calculate different values. So one thing that I want to put in here is perhaps the number of species. And so perhaps I could say, among the, you know, XXX species represented in the R&DB, there were however many genomes. And then I can say period, each genome had blah, blah, blah, okay. Species. And so I need to, I need to plug that number in here as well. And so I can get that by doing, again, back ticks, R space, and then I can say, and distinct, and that will then count the distinct number of species in metadata. So I can do metadata, dollar sign species, that dollar sign is a way to get a column out of metadata. And I'm going to go ahead and change things a little bit and do make submission manuscript.pdf. This will run it through the terminal using our make and doing it this way, it'll render as you recall both the word version and the PDF version. And so I can do open submission manuscript PDF. And we see there's a little bit of output up here that I probably want to turn off. But again, if I scroll down, I see that I have 4,774 species represented, there were 15,614 genomes. Awesome, right? So if we get a new version of the R&DB, we run it rerun everything, it will update those numbers for us, I don't have to worry about, did I update the numbers or not, it's going to be automatically generated from our upstream data. The other thing to notice again, is that that code chunk is missing up here. So I also want to turn off the output, the echo in this top of this top code chunk, right? So I can say echo equals false. I'll run that. And again, if I not open it, but remake it, then it will hopefully get rid of those library function calls in the top code chunk. And again, that goes pretty quickly. And I see that that's gone now, right? And you would never know that there was R code baked into this document. It's so awesome. Okay. Now, let's scroll back down and find the next thing that we need to take care of in our text. And so that is each genome had between x and xx copies of the R&D operon. And so we need to figure out what is that range, and then what are the names of those organisms. So what we can do is I'm going to take metadata EASV and we will pipe it. And so I'm going to work this out kind of like I would if I was working in an R script and trying to do some type of analysis.  This will give me the full length sequences and that threshold. And I want to know the number of copies in each genome, and then kind of the median for each species. We could use the range. But I don't know, I think I'd rather use the median, because sometimes there might be outliers that aren't indicative of that species. I don't know. Let's see what happens if we do the median instead. Or maybe we could do the mode. Let's start with the median. R actually doesn't have a mode function. So you might think about why doesn't R have a mode function. But we'll save that for another time. All right. So again, what this is going to look like is that we've got our genome ID, our species, and then we've got region threshold. And we've got our count up here in our ESV up there. And we want to know the number of copies per genome by species. So we will then do group by species genome ID. And we will then we want to count the number of copies to the number of RN copies, right? So we'll do summarize n RN equals yeah, some sum on count. And again, if we run that, we see that we've got the species, the genome ID, and the count. We can also then do that dot groups equals drop. And then I can do group by species. And I'm going to output ranges. So I will do summarize min copy number equals min, and RN max copy number. And then let's do median, copy, no equals median. Man, those typos are coming fast and furious. And I'm going to put in an n column to know the total number of genomes for that. For that species. And then we can do summarize groups, sorry, groups equals drop. And it looks like I added an extra parentheses up here. All right, so if we run that, for each species, then we get the minimum copy number, the max copy number, the median copy number, and the n. And that is good, maybe I'll get rid of these copy, no things because it's going to be obvious that this is a data frame of copy numbers. So again, that makes it a little bit easier to look at. And we would like to look at the min and the max. So I'm going to call this copy number, RN copy number, we'll run this to generate the data frame. And then this is RN copy number. And I want the minimum, right? And so I'm going to do top n, and maybe I'll do minus one for my n. So that'll give me the smallest by the median column. And that gives me a bunch of things, of course. So maybe what I will do will be to do filter, median equals one, and then pipe that out to give me the one with the most genomes in it. I've got an extra sign there. And so we see that mycobacterium tuberculosis has one copy, 180 genomes, every genome has one copy. And that's a good example to use, because it's the most sequenced species that only has one copy of the 16s genome. And so we'll call this single copy. Okay. And then let's find the max copy, which I think I'll do kind of the same idea, but maybe maybe this will work. But we did try to do before, where I do median. So let's see, what's this equal? So this is metabyssalis literalis has 19 copies in it. And so that, that looks good. And then let's use another example, or that's that's the range, right? So single copy max copy. So what I'd like to do then is to put single copy down in here. So this would be like our single copy. And then what that we want the the species name. And maybe I'll put dollar sign species. Or no, that's the range, right? So this is what goes in here. And this then would be median. I think yep. And then down here, we'll put the same thing. Except instead of single copy, we're going to want max copy, right? Max copy dollar sign species. Let's give that a shot and see what we get. So while this is running a good reminder to be sure that you've liked the video and subscribe to it so you can see the rest of how this manuscript plays out. Let's look at our document here. And if I zoom in, so we see that each genome had between one, e.g. mycobacterium tuberculosis and 19 metabyssalis astralis copies of the RN operon. And so maybe I should say that each, each species had between, um, let's see, let's say each species had between, or the middle, the median number of RN operons per species ranged between. So that kind of reflects a little bit better what we're actually calculating, right? All right. So next, on average, there were so many variants per copy of the full length, um, six nest gene and an average of blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, when considering all these other regions, right? So what we want to do is come back up here. And now what we're going to look at is our, um, let's see, our metadata EASV. And we want to look at not by genome or not by species, we want to look across all genomes at the number of, by genome, we're going to do the number of ASVs divided by, or and the number of copies. And then we're going to add that across all of the genomes within each region. So, um, again, we're going to do filter threshold equals equals zero. And again, we're doing that because we're still focusing on, um, like kind of the true pure Amplicon sequence variant without any clustering, kind of an exact sequence variance, if you will. And we will then do group by region and genome ID. And we can do summarize. And we will then do, um, let's see, N, RNs, N ASVs. So our number of RNs is going to be some on count. N ASVs will be N distinct ESV. And we can then do dot groups equals drop. Give that a run. And so we should then get for each region, each genome, the number of copies and the number of ASVs. So this first one had nine copies of the six chance gene and nine different variants. All right. So now we're going to go ahead and group this not that direction. Yep. By region. And we want to do a summarize. I'm going to call it rate. And we'll do N ASVs. I need some N ASVs divided by some and RNs. And we'll again do dot groups equals drop. Give that a run. And this should give us our four different regions. Excellent. So, um, I'm going to call this rates. And I will then say, um, let's let's make a v one nine rate v three, four rate, v four, eight and v four, five rate. And I'd rather do that up here in the code trunk, rather than down in the text, because all that, you know, long, long lines of code really gets hard to edit when you're trying to check your code and makes it hard to read the art markdown harder. It's already going to be hard with this code, but it's going to make it a lot harder with that information baked in there. So if we do rates, filter, region equals equals view one nine. And then you could do a poll rate. And what this then, uh, because I forgot to load that, get that, then we get 0.597. Okay. And again, the poll gives you a vector output rather than if we use select, you get a tibble back, right? And so I'm going to do a poll to get the actual value. And I'm going to then put in v four, three, four, four, five, and I'm going to call this rate, view one nine, view four, my hands are cold and more of far more typos than normal. So now I've got these values, and I can come back down here. And I can then say, um, back tick and put an R rate view one nine, right? And, and then I can pop that in here. And I can say v four, three, four, and four, five. And then I probably should put respectively at the end of that sentence. Okay, so let's run that and see what things look like. So the more code you put into your markdown document, the longer it's going to take to run. But, but that's still pretty quick. So one thing we notice is that we got the numbers in here, right? The downside is that we've got like tons of significant digits. So we'll come back later and talk about how we can clean up those significant digits to maybe just output like 0.59 or 0.597, 0.25, you know, and so forth. Because so many significant digits really isn't necessary. So we'll hold on to that, and we'll come back to that later down here. Now, we want to know. So we're talking about how right here, as you increase the number of 16 s genes in the data set in a genome, the number of variants also increases. So for example, m tuberculosis generally only had one copy of the gene per genome, but across the XXX genomes that have been sequenced, there were however many. And similarly E. coli had those as well. And I might also want to put that put it in that literalis of parabactyl basillus or whatever it was in there as well, to illustrate for a small number of copies, a medium number of copies, and a large number of RN operon copy numbers, how many variants were there? Okay. And so we're going to need to know the number of genomes, as well as the number of variants of ASV. And so we kind of already have the variants of the number of copies from up here, right? And so maybe I'll save that here. And if we look at that value, then we've got our species name in the left axis, or left column. So I could do filter species, what equals equals.  I wonder why I didn't like that. So my go back to him tuberculosis. So I'll do a single copy dollar sign species. Why aren't you happy? Oh, because I can't spell. All right, so my go back to him tuberculosis. And then what I want to pull is the N, right? So that's the number. So single copy n is that I'm going to leave that all as one line. We'll also do that max copy. And I don't think I need that really in here, because it's only one, I'm pretty sure that's one. And then I'd like to also get out E coli. So we'll do that. So E coli, copy n is that and then we'll do species equals and then equal I copy n 958. Okay, so I'm going to come back down and we'll do single copy n. Let's do let's do single copy, single copy dollar sign species. And again, I need that back tick R, right? Only one copy of the genome per genome. Let's see, and we can pop that in here, and we can do median, right? Single copy median is one. But across the and then we had very forgotten the name, single copy N. Let's see our single copy N. There were however many variants of the gene. And so that's how many genomes there were. But we haven't figured out the number of variants there are. Okay, so we still need to generate that. Where were you? So we need to figure that out still, right? So an E coli had let's do R E coli, copy N. And I suspect I didn't define that up about 958 between one and one. So I will then say, yeah, we have this up R E coli, copy median. I don't know that I defined that. So we'll be sure to do that. And R E coli, copy dollar sign max, I think I meant min here. And then across the R E coli, copy N E coli genomes that have been sequenced there are however many variants of the gene. Okay. And I think I again, I need to define E coli copy up here. We're going to do our N copy number. I already did that. So what's E coli copy N. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to do E coli copy. And let's leave out the poll N for now. And so if I look at E coli copy, that's going to give me my min meet max median and N. And did I screw something up there? No, okay. I just forgot to delete that extra thing. All right. So E coli copy, I'm going to come down and do E coli copy min, E coli copy max, and then E coli copy dollar sign N. Let's save that. And we can then build that up. I must have left E coli copy N in here somewhere. So similarly, E coli typically had E coli copy dollar sign median on that. Hopefully we don't get any errors this time. And again, we look at we see that we've got the numbers populated in here across the 950 E coli genomes, however many variants. And maybe I'll add a sentence that the max copy dollar sign species genome had, let's see, had however many. So this is going to be max copy right of the gene per genome, but across but had, or I'll say and had versions of the gene in its genome sequence. Great. So now all we need to get are the number of versions. So I know this is going a little bit long, but hang with me, we've got this one last bit to fill in. Clearly, we're not going to get to the second paragraph today. That's fine. So what we need to get is the number of ASVs by species. And again, we'll take our metadata ESV. And we want the total number of ASVs for that species. So we'll do that. And then we'll do group by species, and then summarize, and ASVs equals some count, right? And so we'll say ASVs per species, we can then do our dot groups equals drop. And if we do ASVs per species, you know what, I want v one nine. So I'm also going to do add region equals equals v one nine. But I do ASVs per species. And then I do filter. Let's do species equals equals Escherichia Coli. I've got 6713 ASVs. I didn't want some count. I wanted an distinct ESV. And that gives me 1013. Yeah, ASVs. And so this is going to be equal I is that. And I'll do a poll and ASVs. Great. And then we also want the single as well as the max copy. So I'm going to borrow that code and come down here. So it's equal I and ASVs max and ASVs. And again, I'm kind of reusing the code that I've already got. And I'll pull and ASVs on all these. And so if I look at the single, there's 11 copies among those 180 mycobacterium genomes. And then max and ASVs has 17 copies in those 19 versions. And you know, the more I think about it, I don't know that I really want that max sentence that I added. Because the thing about the mycobacterium and the coli is there's a lot of cop, there's a lot of genomes that we have in the database. So I think I'm going to leave that out. Yeah, when I think about it, I think I'm going to remove that. And what I can do then is I can put backslash r. And this was then single copy. I'm sorry, single and ASVs. And then this will also be let's see, this was E coli and ASVs. And I think I forgot to once I've defined it, I forgot to run the line up here. And let's just double check that those look good 2013. And then the one for my mycobacterium was 11. Okay, so I'll go ahead, build this should look good. Kind of rushing through doing this first paragraph. Again, what I really like about this is this gives me the confidence that I'm not introducing typographical errors when I introduce the specific numbers into my manuscript that I have our do it for me. And I see that I've got you know, 2013 here, 11 there, very good. And that was one paragraph that we went through today to populate the values. Sometimes I get manuscripts to review from people that are using an R markdown document. And they've hard coded these numbers into the text that totally defeats the purpose of having an R markdown document. Remember, the value of an R markdown document is that you can have the markdown, but you can insert your R code in there to update it for you. So if between now and when the manuscript is finally accepted, we hope on the R&D be updates the database, I don't really have to touch the manuscript except to make sure that my conclusions haven't changed because any of the numbers have changed, right? But I don't have to insert or change any of the numbers, because those will get updated upstream, because again, this manuscript is going to be dependent on those upstream files. And so that reminds me that I need to enforce that. And I can enforce that, of course, by taking these two file names and making them dependencies of my manuscript. And so if I open up Adam for my project, and I come to my make file, where I am making my manuscript down here, I can add those dependencies, right? So if either of these files gets updated, then it will rebuild the manuscript, which is pretty slick. Okay. So again, I'm just going to do the PDF for now. Of course, when we build the PDF, it also builds the .x file. All right. So I hope this was exciting to you or interesting to you about how we can use our markdown to insert code into our text to then bring in those specific values. Any value you can generate in R, we've already seen names, characters, and numbers, you could insert p values, anything you can insert into the text using R. And so that's why this is so valuable for reproducible research. It's again, you can find that number in the manuscript, you can go to the R markdown document, you can go back to those TSP files, and you can keep going all the way back to the original source of the raw data. It's very transparent and very empowering. All right. So the next episode, we'll take on that second paragraph and maybe learn some new things. Till then, keep practicing, please tell your friends about Code Club. If this stuff interests you and how to use R, but perhaps some of the R syntax is a bit foreign, please be sure to check out riffamonis.org. I've got two full length, 10, 12 part tutorials on learning R using microbiome data, as well as another tutorial using other types of data. Please check it out. Let me know what you think. And again, we'll see you next time for another episode of Code Club.


In cricket, they use the same ball the entire time, so when it's hit into the crowd, they have to throw it back so they can keep using it. Now this girl gets the ball and this guy swipes it right out of her hand, grabs his Sharpie, he was prepped for this moment, he knew it was going to happen, signs his name onto the ball and says, here you go. I've blessed you with that ball. The umpires were like, uh, dude, signed it. Yeah, this guy, that guy, he's signed it so we can't use it.  Do you want it? You don't know, do you know what this guy is? No? Okay, well, we'll just get it out of here. Meanwhile, guy in the crowd is like, haha, yeah, yeah, that's, yeah, I signed that for you guys. No, no, get out of here, kid, yeah, yeah. Okay, I signed that for you guys.


All right, what's up internet? I Kind of cheated on you or you know, I I played the game without you. I do apologize, but That was yesterday. So we've defeated already the big bad from The big bad see Kurt Hansen. So I just uh, this is right after You defeat Kurt Hansen. Oh my god. I don't have my I Why why do I What hot that is not my usual gun so Everything went foobar Basically, you know, well as mentioned spoilers for Phantom Liberty You can choose to either The two primary characters both want the same thing. I mean primary card the two primary NPCs both want the same thing To take care of so me but so me has different plans for it Compared to read so it's read and so me and then basically in the climactic scene You have to decide are you gonna go with Reed's plan?  Okay, not going It could still be her in there or kind of rabbit AI people find it cyber cycle on that scale won't go unnoticed in the city You're right Finding her is priority one best check NTPD scanner for chatter Yes, so me's been spotted Everybody's willing to make an exception for max tech when you got a cyber cycle on your doorstep They're looking for so me We're following them max tech. Don't tell me mean to fight it No, but we need to know what's going on. It's good. It's good. They lean into the max tech thing So they started in the anime and then now in the expansion back But I think max tech will be going down on this one. That's her The whole conflict here seems a little contrived to me so both Characters now wanted the same thing. So so me wanted to escape Target secured wanted her wanted to help her escape There's one thing there for us to do Break her out of my back. I have news Tell me We're burned for now at least I have no sway with the city government. This is your problem to fix Reed Understood Yeah, well pretty tough to talk the way she is now Weren't you paying attention? There is no second option right now she belongs in federal custody they can still help her and you read this Accompany man through and through so we get to work get on the hollow. I'll do this Find us a net-running you trust one who's capable I I Can do that run in the nets what I do Experiences rich and it'll be bad sure go ahead. We need a dedicated runner jacked into a full whip. We'll get her back I know what is your tech question, and I hope I can help Okay, so I thought this would be like the climactic battle against Sony, but Apparently it's not so they want to space it out. So I already took out Kurt Hansen the big bad of Dogtown But apparently there is still more narrative left before we face so me Songbird. Yes Her net watch is on the prowl sniffing around here lately. I'm certain I have no idea what you're talking about Unfortunately this thing I know nothing about is a problem for the VTB's Good boy. So much so district power consumption has dropped by half Voodoo's troubles keeping you up at night. Mr. Hans the altruist No disruptions to the status quo keep me up at night. My concern grows when the seeds of chaos are sown It's bad for business And say my turn. I got a job for you this time You for me peculiar So listen trusted runner you've all folks got to have one on your payroll someone for Special jobs Special meaning high risk Out with it V declare your need Next max tag prisoner convoy direction Los Padres need the route ASAP Los Padres Well, what you're planning is rather apparent then I have a contact one capable of extracting the information for the right price 15,000 non-negotiable Still interested Symphony adds your way now, and I expect results hands transfer received I'm sending the coordinates be there in Bear with me 10 hours the data shard will be waiting Encrypted naturally Accessible to you based on my own being the client for a change. Oh And do your utmost not to make a mess of this fee. I despise cleaning up after others Thanks later hands Well, that's all Money solves everything We got time to kill so I Thought like this would be the conclusion, but I guess not I don't have a lot of quantum liberty to talk about the twists and turns These are some of the victims Yeah, so the whole Conflict was a little contrived for me Like if you both want the same thing although basically read Reads kind of bastard I shouldn't have trusted him. That was my bed And I do think the two guys that the two guys at the beginning who kind of helped you out I bet he off them too So maybe I will go back and Having after all this is done and see oh, it's you How goes it? You only sure did right after I tuned it What about he stewin in a lock-up in Westbrook broke into a ripper's clinic poor gunk I'll pick him up from the precinct when I have to and did I also? Mess up the I mean like not oh wow The influencer giving out shirts He's familiar.  Oh, there's one right there. How convenient all right? Let's do one a little bit of a lag, but I blame it on D I'm running multiple windows in the background so you can actually see like I have a At my browser with tabs open. I actually have another browser that's minimized If you've ever thought of starting a family, I would advise you to think twice Too late see my client Michael Maldonado did not and had a son that seems to cause him.  Hey my I'm playing like this man. What are you finally gonna fix it? You're there. How about a quick game? Michael Maldonado. I'm V and said you needed a Oh hand with something. Oh, it's you over here. Let's talk What up glad you could make it fixer said you can turn around even the most how hopeful sweet I try it's about my son Eric Boy runs a motorcycle repair shop in it, but this DA Georgina Zambinski. She needs her pop Why would she have it in? She's the DA The mince he said she's after some Valentino kingpin Hector a sacristan was the name.   You know the way you people do Eric's a good Not if I've got anything to say You'll find her at the heavy arts club and you know that's where she invited me for her All right legal intrigue down for that Do you know the way a lot of the quests are plotted in cyberpunk? Whose fault was that? The death of Hanson Star Wars reference all about them professionalism Yes, a lot of the quests with these guys shooting at that's backers The quests I don't have to read in between the lines. It's like they wanted to say one thing, but I love a lot of Where's heavy hearts? The way it's delivered. It's not quite clear like like that one. How did we jump to how did we jump to? Sorry, we were actually right beside the club already Like why did we get to the jump the dad testified against his son because the son is Being pressured to testify against some mob Lord I'll take that point Like the bullet and I'm gonna be Okay, let's blast me off. Oh shoot. It is not Bullets on me option.  We kind of father does that and then say where did I come from? Okay, we'll try to be smooth like in here because we can be discreet I Little choppy be time to get me a 4080 super the whole city honey.  They're flashbang signs. Hey, what's good looking for something Someone looking for someone Nah Helen needs to Georgina Zimbinsky Nah You do that Slow down Times don't make me regret it. Hey No risk no reward, right? Hey, baby. I'm looking for clan of ours My girl saw her say she's too much. I'll check it out. Okay. Let's see show me Interested or not ram nugs. No, it's even for Even for hacking. Okay Hello Georgina Zimbinsky Careful with that one lawyers are not to be trusted. There are any kinds of people worthy of your trust I find that offensive piano riffs sound Fortunately, we don't need the FPS Did need the FPS The right damn sure of it.   Yeah, I'm gonna help you then you trigger cyberpunk But they're not a lot of the quests of weird triggers. Yeah, I just went up to the door and then I got tagged as hostile There's another cyber cycle quest now. I've already killed the cyber cycle Like I need to find out additional info about him. I might have snuck through there before right? I'll see if I can take the stairs to go up and to go down But that guy turning around was completely unexpected That was not my fault Who knew you're just gonna turn around? I think there are stairs than some map. We did say something about Okay, so that's his route See what we got. Hey, would he turn around? I mean My list for the month correct plan just improper execution, but That seems to be the way to get to VIP for except there are so many hostiles. I mean Damn That's okay, we can do it one at a time Easier way to why cuz I would did that other guy also show up. Come on man. Go do your roots This guy is another guy who really comes in From behind there. Geez. Oh, okay Robbie don't I just literally want to take out more guys because you know More guys always good Less guys rather they got more guys that they're less guys. That's always good All right, we had before here we come The a better be worth it Ping ping ping ping just left that dude behind the bar. Can we wipe can we wipe? No, no, get him. Come out. Let's talk. How many guards can I draw with this approach? So far so good. So there was an alarm raised but that wasn't enough to like Get everybody all upset. I have received word from San Francisco My boss has agreed. We will build the whole our college Look, we will I don't change a real estate along the coast here. We are consider yourself set for life Now the heavy hearts is an enterprising atmosphere. I Knew we would reach an agreement here looking for Georgina's and Vince. He is not a lawyer's party Perhaps Names V got fresh evidence fruit. Well, well, Joe You'll find thanks fellow Come on Damn lawyers never there when they say they're gonna be there Domina man We're six Wow, we really all stealth like We're six though and these guys are annoying like I just want to VIP room six rich rich rich six There's six on the other side on the other side got it got it. All right on the other side There no need to take you out, but You are annoying. It's okay. It's on the other side other side did not loot you guys yet other side Seems very complicated Already Okay, okay not to go about that so I'm gonna play cyberpunk with my two-year-old son and that just goes to show I am father of the year Yeah, that's a microphone. Oh Shoot the camera.  So we've already been here. So this is good Okay All right See you later guys So we did drop a video yesterday the review of the Morpheus case from deep cool doing pretty well actually And why is the game loading what's going on here? Yeah? Yes and then On yes that it is on now because there's a white light. Yeah, so if it's off, there's a red light Yeah, we have to get you we have to get you ready for your activity later. Okay. All right. Bye guys Thanks for watching. Check out the video the Morpheus case review video and the deep cool factory tour and we'll be having Yes, there's water baby. Cheers. Cheers. I have taught my son how to cheers Yeah, you also want water? Okay All right, that's it for me too guys You know, thanks for watching Morpheus case review up now and then this upcoming week will have part two of the factory tour and a Further not really review but further look at the mystique 360, which is the newest al from deep cool. All right Bye guys


Welcome to think tech Hawaii on this Monday. It's 3pm, and it's Monday and this show is the state of the state of Hawaii. I'm your host, Stephanie stole Dongton. Two weeks this show covers important topics and newsworthy sources about our state city and county topics include government, business, economics, law, education, pandemics, lifestyle, health and dental care and many, many others. And if you have a topic you'd like covered, please send it to me, Stephanie, and I'm at think tech Hawaii.com so please send me your suggestions. Today, I am welcoming our special guest councilman Tommy waters, who serves as a council member for district core. And there he is, and he covers in district for Hawaii Kai and then ever quite a ways to Alamo on a beach park. So it's a very broad and diverse as all districts aren't Hawaii I'm sure it's probably rather even but it seems like a large territory and very different across differences all across it. But as you know the election results the city council now has five new members and Councilman waters is among the continuing four of the nine total. And then importantly, there is a new mayor, Mayor Blanchi already with approaches from that may be quite different from before from from his business background and experience. Now in Councilman waters we have an experienced government leader to talk about Honolulu city and county and how he will work for everybody's well being under the brutal conditions we have of coven with its strains on citizens physical and mental and all of our fiscal survival like the pot the books and the one that's aren't empty are almost the welcome Councilman. Hello, thank you Stephanie so Dalton for having me on your show and looking forward to it all month. Good. I think the live television show can be a stimulating as as a little part of your day. I know it's only a little part because you just told me your schedule, which is very rigorous all day long to have meeting after meeting so I hope you're fine and healthy and able to manage to get through all of that a plus TV show. But I'm really pleased you can be here and I've talked about kind of our brutal conditions difficult conditions but I know we have happy talk to here as well. But I thought maybe this is a happy talk topic I thought I'd start with this question which is how is reopening working during these last few weeks in in Waikiki given the numbers of visitors that are now allowed yet. What I do. I mean, as you mentioned my district is rather large. It's all the way from Makapu Lighthouse along the ocean, all the way to the ever end of all of one of each part. I go through my district weekly and this weekend I went through Waikiki just to personally observe what's going on and a lot of the hotels are still closed, and they don't plan on opening until the numbers come up. You know, as a surge in positive tests on the mainland which probably has an impact. People aren't traveling as much as they were a year ago. You know, I hear Dr. Fauci on the news talking about how you got to stay home, right which which hurts our hotels which hurts our hotel workers which hurts all of our restaurants in Waikiki. It really felt like a ghost town yesterday. It really did. And it's so sad. It's so sad to see people hurting like this. I know at one point I did get down to Waikiki to have the experience of standing alone on the Waikiki beach in the ocean alone on this fabulous spot. All right, some of the hotels are international chains and they, they are there and they are surviving, not only from. Well, when they have guests there, however, they're managing to survive on Waikiki, but also they've got support from across the world wherever they're connected.  I mean beaches you really, they look like they just go on and on beautifully forever, but actually there's lots of work to do there, not to mention the water and that sort of thing. And then of course while you were down there you're saying that it is so sad but I've heard reports that there are lots of people walking around with without masks and looking like they're not doing their quarantine. What did you think, did you see any of that. I did, I did. And of course you probably saw in the news this weekend about our Honolulu Police Department, about 50 or so police officers who exceeded the chief's guidelines on overtime. And some of them by over 300 hours within a month span of overtime. And, you know, my, my feeling is the police should be out there, warning people of what the emergency mandate is, and being polite about it and then if people don't comply then of course, they have the power to cite them. When I was down there wasn't bad. I saw a lot of people wearing their masks, and that made me happy. But if I may spend a few minutes, you know we have the pre travel test requirement. I was really pushing hard for a second test upon arrival, because as you probably know that COVID can be within within your body from the five days without showing any symptoms whatsoever. Five days. So when you take a test three days before you get on the plane, you could actually be positive. Right. Get on the plane, come to Hawaii. Exhibit, what do you call it, symptoms. But the most insidious part about this disease is that you can be asymptomatic, meaning that you won't show any symptoms whatsoever. But yeah, you can still transfer it to someone else. Right. That's the scariest part. What the city did was working with the state purchase testing equipment, and it's down at the airport. And it's available to folks who will want to take a second test. I of course was trying to get the mayor and the governor to require the second, the second test, just because it's safer for the traveler. It's safer for our hotel workers. It's safer for our local population. And it's just a good idea to do. Right. We had the cares money from the federal government. And I would have made the test free. As it is now it's voluntary. And you get off the plane, you're offered a second test. But you're told, hey, by the way, if you're positive, you need to quarantine for 14 days. And of course, comments and studies that a traveler who's here for, say, seven to 10 days, who, you know, who could possibly have to stay in their hotel room the whole time when it's so beautiful outside, you're not going to take that test. No way. So there's still some glitches we got to work out. Luckily, luckily that it hasn't quite so so that's good as insert as much as some people thought it might. And Karen, yes, you're pointing out something very important. I didn't get that that the second one was involved with voluntary. So, okay, now, now right recently I've heard talk about, and in the papers that the belief of the understanding is that our infestation is coming from our community spread and not from the visitors. And while you're speaking to the fact that so far maybe not seeing the surge here yet, but you're pointing out that the potential to find out that in fact that isn't actually the case that it's all about local community spread and not about the visitors what what are you thinking about that. That statement. You know, I think that's accurate. It's when people don't comply with having five people together no more than five people together. Not only at the beach, and other parks and whatnot. The police having cited so many people. I think at this point people are complying with that. But at home, you know as a Costco, and you see people with these huge shopping carts full of multiple pumpkin pies, for example, right. They're just using common sense on one hand that means they're giving away pumpkin pies, or two they're having large gatherings at their home. Right. Hopefully they bought pumpkin pies for their friends and relatives to take home. But when you're buying that much food for the holiday that's coming up this week, you can only imagine that people aren't complying and they're having their friends and neighbors. And that's what's dangerous. Yeah, and we're on the on the verge of wearing out the facilities and of course across the nation the main ones already doing that so. And I think it we're in a very dangerous position and hopefully people look like they're doing. Maybe they won't really be that bad when we come to the day and they'll be following directions because our population here in the state seems to be somewhat self disciplined and and cooperative. I mean I'm, I'm, I was so impressed for months, the way everybody acted, and it's really only with this fatigue about it that it's coming to pieces but people like you boy them up to do so maybe, maybe we'll get through this. On the other hand let's hope template tripler is as big as it looks and can have give us some extra space, if needed. Um, can I give a shout out to city and county of Honolulu website one walk who.org one walk with that art and Stephanie your your viewers may want to go to one a walk with that or gets a very, very comprehensive website. It has the peer system and it's really, really easy to understand it's really intuitive, but also for those folks who need help with their rent or mortgage. If you have a mortgage you can also apply. There's still money available to the city and county to help pay your rent or your mortgage up to $2,000 per month with an additional $500 a month for childcare. If people are out there, don't wait because you have to apply every month for you, but you only go, let me rephrase that. I've had people ask hey can I get six months in back rent or back mortgage and no you cannot. I'm going to do it month by month so please apply while the money is there and the money has to be spent by the end of the year. Viewers have not done so please take advantage of that as soon as you can. Not to go and that was again one a wahoo.org. Okay. The number is spelled out oh and one. Thank you one oh and a wahoo. Okay, good. So I know I saw that you were very outspoken on that committee the new committee that the council has put in place with a big long name that is about economic assistance and revitalization, and I spoke out about those numbers, not about getting enough but the fact that the numbers of dollars were insufficient for what you thought many people would need. Can you talk a little bit about how that experience went and who responded to what. Okay, so the federal cares act gave the city and county $387 million. And that went directly to the city and counties coffers, but the mayor and his team had exclusive control over that money. Under the leadership of then cherry kika Anderson he created the economic assistance and revitalization committee and tasks need to chair it. And we tried to get some or exert some oversight over how that money was spent. And for the most part, we at the council wanted to get it into the hands of the people who needed help. We were hearing about people going hungry people not able to pay their rent or mortgage, and our small businesses that needed help. As you know our small local businesses are the backbone of our community. Right. If they go away we're going to just be left with big box stores. And, you know, then you have to work for one of these big large companies rather than having your own business. So I've been a big advocate and so has the council of big advocate for our small businesses. And I was hoping we would appropriate a lot more than what the mayor did do. He did do a great job getting $75 million distributed to small businesses, which was, you know, more than any other particular group. But again, I think we could have done a little bit more for businesses and 75 million. Really push it to the limit but thanks for your pressurizing and that's what, what it takes. And to meet the needs which are gargantuan at this point and I know we all are so hopeful and trying to help the small businesses up of Hawaii and Honolulu. I wanted to go back to the Waikiki. Just quickly because I wanted to know, if you think that the hotels are carrying their fair share of the burden for monitoring and well and even infrastructure, which is a bigger city. But as far as all of the work that the police are asked to do and others who are involved in that monitoring or signing or just keeping a track of what's going on, what do you think are the hotels kicking in on that healthy. Yes, as a matter of fact, they are that I spent quite a bit of time with the various hotels and the various hotel industry. I was incredibly impressed with the Kahala. You know, it's not Waikiki, but it's the Kahala. They would test their, their first they tell the visitors before they arrive through email that this is what's going to be required of you. When you get here and you check in, you know we're going to have you wear a mask, you need to wear a mask while you're on property. We're going to take your temperature when you come and check in. And I was so impressed by that so impressed. The other hotels they wanted to make sure the guests rooms were clean property and they purchased a lot of expensive equipment in order to do that. You know, at the same time what I've offered to the hotels. I said, you know, this is where government can help you. If your guests want to get tested or your hotel workers want to get tested, we should provide that test to you for free. Right, that's what the CARES Act money is for in my mind, and we should test as often as needed and then trace. That's that's something that I think government has been lacking on tracing where where people are going who's positive and it's so easy with today's technology can put it on your phone. Right, there's applications that will do that for you. And that's what other countries do. You could be walking around Waikiki Beach or Alamoana and your phone will give you a notification that you're in the near vicinity of somebody who had tested positive. How easy would that be. Right, we should utilize this type of technology, although I will say though people, you know are concerned about their privacy rights as well as they should be. But you know we have a pen worldwide pandemic that are killing people. I think we should be able to put some of those privacy interests on the side for the greater good of us all. Remember our responsibilities as well as our rights. Certainly. Well, let me ask the bigger question then in general. What can the city council, oh and the state to I guess but who's going to get this out of this budget hole. Going back to all of these hotels down there, I mean they're multi national businesses and they've got problems and they're getting hit too. There's probably still a margin of profit but do they help Honolulu to keep this golden goose for Hawaii laying its eggs I mean if it's what what's that picture like, can you share on that. Absolutely. So, primarily, your property taxes is what keeps your city afloat your property taxes on the state side. Of course it's your income tax as well as the general excise tax. What also, you know keeps your city running is the user fees. So, this past week in a special budget hearing we talked to the budget and fiscal services director. And he indicated that we've exceeded this month exceeded by like 23% the collections of property taxes so that hasn't been a problem, which is great. Right everybody's somehow has been able to pull it together and pay the property taxes including all the hotel.  So they're not going and buying as much gas, and that typically would go both to the state and the city coffers, and that's not there. The registration of your automobile, for example, that has slowed down as well because for a while there satellite city hall was closed and you couldn't register your car. But it's things like that. But I really believe that that we need to tighten our belt and do more with less. The city is in much, much, much, much better place than the state is, because as you know, the state doesn't doesn't have the general exercise tax that I once did as a result of everybody out there spending. Also, the, well, the transit accommodations tax the TAT as it's known that that's non existent now. And that's a huge hit to both both the city and the state actually. Well, when I met when I interviewed Mr. Bungiardi and some others and the other candidates that was one of the questions I had as this thing was rolling over us was such hard and that was how who's got the skills to wrangle the state to get the city funded to be able to survive. So are you all you are all probably working to to see what can be done about that. What are the levers and what about this is again somebody coming in without government experience and not maybe a meeting help from those of you that understand how where those levers are and what is it you can push and pull. Well, our new mayor is a business person, which is great. Right. Oftentimes you want to run government more efficiently and as a business person. Hopefully he has that type of experience. He also hired Mike form be Mike form be he was my predecessor you know he sat in district for during the interim between the election and the special election so he has that experience as well. He was director of transportation services at one time. He was the director of the heart actually is on the heart board and he was the CEO for heart interim CEO for a little while. And then under then Governor Linda lingo I believe he worked for the harbors division over at the state so he has a wealth of knowledge. And I do also want to point out that the city council is lucky enough to have Calvin say, he's a newly elected council member from District five I believe he's your council member. You may recall when he was in the legislature he was the chair of the finance committee for about a decade before he became the speaker. So he's very well versed in in the budget process that we're going to be leaning on him quite a bit to help us get through this time. Well I know that there's, as you do the reshuffling and get used to be trying to be more collaborative than otherwise, and utilize all of these fabulous resources and depths of knowledge that you're you're considering maybe taking the place of this Kobayashi who's leaving and there's an opening in the chair of the council and so can you talk a little bit about what you're thinking of that. Well that process is ongoing. As you mentioned, my style is being collaborative trying to get everyone to buy in. You know I really believe as, as you know that it's going to be very very tough financial fiscal time. But it's important for us to stay focused on the problems that we need to solve one is a balanced budget, of course, but to have a horrible homeless problem in every one of our district. Right, affordable housing is continues to be a problem and of course pocketbook issues, the cost of living. So what I'm going to encourage my colleagues to do is to stay laser focused on these issues. Right, there's a lot going on out there. But these are the important issues you know you may not be aware Stephanie that I, when I campaigned I walked door to door and I knocked on 15,000 doors. I went through two and a half pairs of shoes. Literally there's holes in my shoes from walking door to door, but it's the best way to find out what people want. And what's important to both and that's what they said, you can't afford to live in Hawaii anymore.  By the way, I just want to share this with you on the fifth of six kids. Me and all my siblings were born and raised right here in Hawaii, where we're native Hawaiian I graduated from the Kamehameha school. Two of the six siblings. But I'm the only one still here in Hawaii. It's so sad my parents moved to the mainland my dad went to St Louis high school. He's born and raised here, right my grandmother was a Kamehameha graduate. They moved to the mainland, my parents did, and they both passed away there, and five of my siblings are currently living on the mainland because they can't afford to live here. But it's this place Hawaiian which makes me really sad. By the way, that's why I ran for office. That's why I'm doing what I'm doing is because there's a lot of families have the same situation as I do that they can afford to live here, and it's really really sad. Well, that is a very difficult for the economy of the state is not not just personally being distressed and having that kind of impact in your life, which is very, very taxing and burdensome but it's also the states losing thousands of people to every year because they can't find work and I guess that gets into the topic we go on about the diversifying the economy. And of course, in your district years is you're right there at the heart the major big golden heart job of the Waikiki, which is was at one time the goal of diversifying the economy. When we had the pineapple and the sugar and all the other going on. So then it was let's go with diversifying into tourism and of course now that's, that's it. The economy and obviously that can't, we can't depend on that completely as we see as a result of this. This pandemic so when can we, like you say you're going to laser, you're going to use your laser pointer to get to these really important budget topics but then this is way way high on your agenda to. Absolutely. And I'm a big proponent of small businesses. Right, like I said, small businesses are the backbone of our community. And that's pretty easy. I mean we talk about diversifying the economy, you know, people talk about agriculture and aquaculture and other things. Well how about just morning small businesses. Sporting these small little mom and pop surf shops, or smoothie shops, or, you know, healthy food, right we need to grow our own food and serve it in our restaurant. Can you imagine if we just did that instead of imported. That could be a breakthrough and maybe doing some people are doing farmers markets and trying to make some money in that manner so I know there's lots of good heads for thinking about this, and we do have to do that, because it's very sad to have the heartbreak of not being able to be here if you want if you want to be here, but it turns out that we're getting to a low hot time here and I wanted to just quickly ask the question if the happy talk includes the virus giving us a break on the traffic does that solve your campaign traffic promise to make that better. However, I'm sure you would agree with me that it'll just be coming back once we get back to business here right. Well you know it's interesting thank you for bringing that up if you ever drive by a lot of stadium and the whole. The first time I saw that the parking lot school, first time I saw that I thought gee wins what's going on at the stadium. It's all rental cars. You know you're driving around at noon, you know going from one appointment to the other was rent the car is on. Can be large but we got to go. Thank you so much council member. Nice to see you. So great to meet you and it was a wonderful conversation very informative and rich. Thank you. Good luck. Thank you very much.


When you look at the periodic table you'll see that each element has its own box and within that box you'll find two numbers The atomic number or proton number and the mass number But what do these numbers mean? The atomic number has a symbol Z This number tells you how many protons are in one atom of an element The number is always the same for all atoms of a particular element Atoms of different elements have a different atomic number Meaning they have a different number of protons For example an atom of hydrogen has an atomic number of one because it has one proton But an atom of oxygen has an atomic number of eight because it has eight protons The next number we look at is the mass number The mass number has a symbol a The mass number tells you how many protons and Neutrons are in one atom of an element We need to remember that protons and neutrons each have a relative mass of one and That electrons are so small that their mass does not need to be considered in the mass number of an atom So if we know the mass number of an element and we know the atomic number We can calculate the number of neutrons in an atom of a particular element So the mass number equals the atomic number plus the number of neutrons The atomic number is just the number of protons in an atom therefore mass number equals protons plus neutrons So if we take oxygen Oxygen has a mass number of 16 and has eight protons But how many neutrons does it have? Remember mass number equals protons plus neutrons We can rearrange this to show that neutrons equals mass number minus protons neutrons equals 16 minus 8 equals 8 Oxygen therefore has eight neutrons Let's take another example Lithium has a mass number of seven and has three protons How many neutrons does it have? Mass number equals protons plus neutrons We can rearrange this to show that neutrons equals mass number minus protons Neutrons equals seven minus three equals four Lithium therefore has four neutrons So the atomic number is a number of protons in an atom And the mass number is a number of protons and neutrons in an atom


Alrighty, I have a construction update for you guys today. And obviously if you're over on Patreon, I've started a new system where I have a map of the construction site and I have our confirmed knowledge and then our speculated predicted kind of knowledge on the map just so it clarifies everything a little better for everyone. So I thought that was really cool. So I won't be showcasing that anytime soon in my videos. But so far with construction, they are working well ahead on their reinforced tunnel over here. So they are still drilling in those steel piles and then also cement footings in between those steel piles just to reinforce those tunnel walls so that they don't cave in from pressure is my understanding. So that's really cool. Backlot restaurant, no evidence of what could possibly be going on there. Just the stars and the name were removed from the building. So not quite sure if that will entail anything outside of a VIP area. There's always three places I could possibly see the VIP building and that is in Elpin in the old Thunder Run building or the building next to Extreme Skyfire or the Backlot restaurant. So it'll be interesting to see when Wonderland releases that video, hopefully very shortly about what's going on there. Over in Elpin, construction is well underway to refurbish a lot of the buildings over there. So if you've been watching, they're working on refurbishing those over at Wonderlands Guardian. They were removing this awning. So the awning was coming down. I don't think that means anything because I do have confirmation that Wonder Mountains Guardian will be opening with the park this year. Whether that's right when the park opens or a little bit later, it'll be opening. But yeah, I'm trying to think if there's anything else important on this side. I will say that the station, I'm hearing rumblings, rumblings, that the station is being built inside the mountains. So we will not see or we may not need to see international show place or any of those other buildings get removed. So from what I'm hearing, the station will be somewhere in that hole back there inside the mountain, the station will be located and then it's gonna be launching out of the mountain. What tunnel it uses to launch out? Still unknown, but from what I'm hearing, it's gonna start in the mountain and launch out. So that's really cool. That's some awesome information to learn. And yeah, outside of that, there's just lots of work going on everywhere. Again, I'm not gonna be able to tell you of any significant markings. Like over here on this side, it's a lot closer so I can see orange markings and spray paint on the ground, but on the other side, I can't make out spray paint. Outside of that, no evidence of any spray paint or anything on the top of the mountain. So no signs of anything happening up there and over at Extreme Skyfire, nothing as well. But there was a really important company on site. Let me go figure out what company that was again before I state it. It was Bro's Electrical. Their project management is their specialties. And yeah, so Wonderland has hired another project manager to oversee this construction project. So that was really interesting information to learn as well. So they were over at Extreme Skyfire's Plot of Land. Again, signs that maybe they're getting ready to start removing it because they could be overseeing just that as well, the removal of Extreme Skyfire. And yeah, I think that's all the information I have. Minebusters refurbishment is coming along nicely and Moosehorn Falls, the lands leveled and ready to start digging some footings. All right, thanks so much for watching. And again, I have a lot more information over on Patreon and a lot more detailed. Anyways, thanks so much. Have a good one, guys. Bye.