Your coca-cola bottler presents Claudia based on the famous play and novels by Rose Franken Brought to you transcribed Monday through Friday by your friendly neighbor who bottles coca-cola Relax and while you're listening refresh yourself.  Would you where are they? I don't see them on the mantle Mom and I how do you like that for ladies I am to walk half way across the living room because sir David Norton is too Lazy to walk three steps typical male attitude. I am sitting down So for me to get the matches would mean that I'd have to rise to my feet So so I would expend more energy than you would spend walking from the window to the mantle Collecting a kiss for your trouble and walking back to the window. Did you say that I would collect a kiss every person has his price What makes you think a kiss is mine the look in your eye at the suggestion listen to mama mama's right mama's always right I think I'm too easy to get hmm. I think I ought to give you the matches. I agree with you there It can serve your energy. Thank you, but ask no price no price at all just as you like But please Claudia before it's time for dinner the matches dinner isn't for another half hour. No remarks from you, Mrs. Brown I shouldn't do it. I know it's no way to hold a husband. I'm told But here your matches catch who told you what thanks nobody nothing welcome Have you been reading the love Lorne column in the papers again? Troubles people can have my daughter is a boo. She's just plain nose. It was a breathtaking one from a woman today A wife usually is she was worried. What about I couldn't tell about our marriage. I guess What makes why it's more usually worried about it David take the pipe out of your mouth We can't understand you not that we're interested. I said that's what most wives are usually worried about what their marriage Oh that Say, how do we happen to be talking about that you brought it up. I did not If that's all there is to be to this conversation. I'm going back to my knitting so long mama I'm going back to my evening paper so long David. Oh just when things were getting interesting You mean you're both really not going to talk really really Might as well go back to my window and stare out into the dust Getting awfully dark is only in one part of the sky. I Wonder what the world is like.  It's better than nothing. Is it? David what train will we take to New York tomorrow? Oh, that's true. You're coming in aren't you time for me to see dr. Rowland six weeks since I've had the baby. Can you believe it? I can believe it and it complains David No, I feel as if we'd always had him. He's almost getting to be a habit You know, actually, it's almost as if we didn't have a baby in the house now with Bertha It's a miracle to wear that woman gets everything done nothing left for me David you haven't said what train we're taking tomorrow. No Well, just think going to New York to New York a whole day with nothing to do you sound like a hick David listen don't frown. I don't ever think of New York hardly at all. Leave me. I don't miss it. Well, there's nothing wrong if you do I know it, but Life is pretty full up here baby mama fits and Bertha And remember you you promised me a pig in a moment of weakness in a moment of vision inspiration I wish the baby could notice what a beautiful evening. It's going to be so quiet so pale Say that fits up there on the bar. Hmm.  No No, not about the page and what about well just about cleaning up the east field. Oh Now can I go talk to him go ahead if you like. Thank you. Thank you very much Call me if dinner gets ready. Will you sure will yes, Claudia Yes, Claudia what mama, what was it you were going to say? When just now after David left Are you a mind reader? No, I didn't know what you were going to say. I just knew you were going to say something What was it? I'm crazy Am I supposed to agree or disagree? Agree in that case. It's no news. I Really think I am crazy specifically why Sometimes I think that Well, it's just that I wish I Wish I were fritz. Well, that's not so crazy. I Really think David prefers talking to fritz than to me fritz is a very intelligent person there And he's intelligent about all the things David's interested in you're very lucky animals crops land fertilizer I Can't talk about any of it intelligently in spite of it. You managed to talk quite a lot mama. I'm serious I know you are and then there's architecture David's love and profession. I Don't know a joy from a Well, a joy. It's not an architect. I'm not anything I wouldn't say that so I'm a wife and a mother Anybody can be that yes anybody can be it but Not anybody can be it successfully. I wouldn't blame David if he thought I was a Carriable bore All I can talk about is our our son Actually, I don't even know anything about him the house and You haven't had any complaints from David. Have you of course not mama. I Was just thinking though that It really isn't all quite fair to David is it what isn't? I'm not the girly married anymore.  I used to be 24 inches and now I'm 20 now It's 25. It's a tragedy. There is no doubt about it mama. No doubt at all.  I don't think you're as much of a matron as you think you are but is it fair to David Is it what he what what he bargained for all these? responsibilities his work is home a son a wife who's Not only his wife anymore, but a mother as well Help the baby has changed things I Wonder if it wasn't too big a price to pay to What we had When it was only David and I Just us change is good and healthy. I don't care about good and healthy. I just care if it's what David wants It's his life to live the way he likes. How is it for you, Claudia? me perfect But only if it's perfect for David too. Well, stop worrying David will tell you when it's no longer right for him. He'd better I I Love him mama He's all I need For a man. Maybe it's It's different. Don't you believe it not David's kind of a man Still I wish I were more exciting I'm a hungry man good five minutes. You'll be even hungrier. What's so good about that? Do you want me to go and nag Bertha? But why don't you be pleasant for me to have you nag somebody else for a change my you're hilarious tonight Where are those Confounded matches right where you left him on the table. Oh, oh, yes, and I'm getting to be an abstin minded professor Only about your pipe David. I hope All right, Mrs. Brown Confess confess what what are the secrets about? David try and talk sense. Don't let Claudia be contagious. Where are you talking secrets? Well, we're mother and daughter, you know, we have to have a few private talks You bet you have as long as you tell me what they're about Hang me by my thumbs inflict the diarist tortures on me. You shall never know Well spoken grandma Tell me mrs. Brown. Is this right for Claudia? Oh you too is what right? This life on a farm. It's pretty quiet quiet. Oh my David is it right for you? Well, we were talking about Claudia. Isn't it the same thing? Of course not She's an individual the same as I am, but she's still very young Maybe she's had to grow up too quickly Living on a farm pretty much alone do apologize to you mama Now she has a baby. Maybe it's too much too soon You really love to worry about each other, don't you? I've got to worry about Claudia. She won't worry about herself Mother, do you think I've made too many sudden demands on her? What do you think? I think David, but she looks well She's even put on a little weight Becoming I like it Your daughter's growing up mrs. Brown She'll be a beautiful woman and stop worrying But maybe she should be going to parties dressing up evenings seeing people This is all this is all perfect for me, but I wish I was sure it was all perfect for her I Don't have to tell you. She's the center of it.  I'll trade that in for a five beta Kappa key any day You say five beta Kappa key David you never told me you had one. Yeah, I never told you lots of things You better start right now. What about dinner another 10 minutes, then I better not start my life story right now It's too long. You always say I don't think you have a life story. Anyway, I've never heard it yet Well a man's got to have some secret not from his wife. Thank you mama. Hey darling I think I've got a better idea for tomorrow. What why don't we drive into New York, then we'll be free We can come back whenever we choose David if you like I'd love to You know, I love driving next to all alone together with your pipe in your mouth. It's the pipe. She likes best Of course, of course or something else darling You better take your best hat if you're driving into town with your best bowl. Oh darling In that case, I think I ought to take two hats. Mm-hmm. Put on your two heads Isn't he sweet mama all I can say is one hat two hats when two people can worry so much about each other There's nothing to worry about Well not mrs. Brown if you have a mother just like Claudius or a mother-in-law Just like David children.  There it is the family refrigerator just waiting for its supply of coke to serve as your own private cooler Keep the refrigerator well stocked with Coca-Cola and you will have delicious Refreshment ready for yourself or the family or a hospitable service to guests at all times Tell me mr. King. Have you ever known two people to think so much about each other? It's very refreshing mrs. Brown Very refreshing. I'm surprised. You didn't say it was as refreshing as a bottle of coke. I should have you're right Seriously every day that I live with Claudia and David I'm more impressed with their attitude towards each other and I'm even related to them perhaps That's why perhaps that's why what why they know so much of the art of living mr.  Nope. I'm an honest man people who say marriage can't be romantic Just don't know do they they certainly don't and I wish all those people could be around tomorrow to learn from Claudia and David Just how wrong they are Well, so long mrs. B. So long mr. King Every day Monday through Friday Claudia comes to you transcribed with the best wishes of your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola So listen again tomorrow at the same time And now this is Joe King saying or a bar and remember Whoever you are whatever you do wherever you may be When you think of refreshment think of Coca-Cola For Coca-Cola makes any pause the pause that refreshes and ice-cold Coca-Cola is everywhere These broadcasts are adapted for radio by mania star and the entire production is supervised and directed by William Brown Maloney And now here's a word from your friendly neighbor who bottles Coca-Cola


So we are going to see a case where the main parties have declared war on independent candidates. Now if all of them go through the final hurdle and are cleared to contest by the IEBC, this could be Kenya's longest presidential election ballot paper since the multi-party election that took place in the year 1992. 47 candidates and to make it interesting because those are 47 for presidency. When it comes to the gubernatorial seats in terms of governors, we are seeing and the total number of candidates who have been cleared to contest for governorship are 104. Let's talk about that. So I think I picked that point and let me finish. It is very democratic and very okay for any Kenyan to step up to run for public office. Actually the public might know that Mokaya before he went for the Nyamira senatorial seat, he was actually seeking to be the president of the Republic of Kenya, but I said let me consult the people and charity begins at home. And the people told Mokaya, you know, come to Nyamira servers in the Senate for the next five years and then we will give you the wings to fly to state house in 2027. So I salute the people of Nyamira for that. Umesema that you are going to 2027, you're going for the high seat? Yeah, in 2027 I'm also going to run for president because I have what it takes. And this country doesn't want people with temper tantrums like our deputy president. It requires people who are sober, calm, like the former president Muay Kibaki and it is insult to state because the people surrounding the deputy president are now praising him and saying that he is the closest to come to Muay Kibaki. Muay Kibaki wasn't insulting his boss when he was the vice president. Have you consulted your party leader and asked you why for presidency? Yes, he is vying now. What if he wants to buy again in 2027? If he wants to buy again in 2027. Honorable Muay Kibaki is a gentleman. He has been the governor of Muranga for two years.  We had a handshake with him. I said I'm going to support Muay Kibaki in the 2022 general election because his household economic model has transformed the economy of Muranga. People have been given hifas, cows and the milk is overflowing. It's like the proverbial land of Kandan where the milk and honey is flowing. Can you just hold on for a minute? Would you rather where a presidential candidate is giving you the opportunity to get milk which you are going to sell and get money or he is going to give you handouts or a paltry 12% increase and would you rather where your promised a wheelbarrow or where your promised a cow? My presidential candidate is promising Kenyan cows which are going to give rise to calves which are going to be a multiplier effect. We are talking about the agriculture which is the backbone of the economy. It's going to increase the household income.  We are equalizing household so we don't have any household that is so rich or any household that is so poor. That is the difference between wheelbaronomics and usawanomics. First of all I want to say this. As much as everybody has a democratic power to buy for any position but there is still also the unnamed or the unwritten rules that first of all you must have the power to mobilize people you must have the numbers I would like to say this. I don't want to talk about him so much because he has no effect to the country or even to the population. I would like to say that one thing to the country we can debate but the population he adds to the number. No, you see first of all the project of giving out cows he has said that they are coming to give out cows I want to say we have arid areas and same arid areas that cows and cows cannot survive so I don't know how they are going to come and tackle that. Secondly the party is only known in Moraga I don't know if it will work in Kishi for a presidential campaign you need a party that is known all over the country because there is more than just being a president you will need numbers in the parliament to smoothly run the government so the others are just based runners in Marathon we have almost 20 people in the starting lane but in the finishing we will only have maybe Kenboya, Kisebekele at the finishing lane so the rest are flower girls out of 47 only 2 the rest are flower girls including in fact the most useless flower girl is Mwangiway area because we can't say that we can't I would like you to withdraw that I will throw that but let me put it this way in fact Jimiwanjigi is better than Mwangiway area ok so as I continue you allow me to finish I have not seen anywhere where the deputy president said with any bitterness I don't know why they are saying deputy president is bitter is just answering as a normal citizen what is happening what is the allegation against him so I would like to tell the others it's good and it is democratic right for you to vibe for any position but don't go there for personal benefit or personal gain most of them are saying let me just go to the limelight maybe after this I will get an appointment on staff and staff if you are serious about running a position all over the country we could have seen offices of the usawa party all over the country all over the 47 counties in terms of gubernatorial seat in a county there is no limit of how many governors should go for the position so even if they are 300 at the end of the day people will decide it depends on you if you are vying for senator like Mokaya in Kisi in Yamira how does the people relate to you there do you have the numbers there is reality at the end of the day you need votes to win you see people are saying I am vying I am vying I am vying but there is reality at the end of the day there is resources you must use resources you must have the best agendas and you must be a good mobilizer of people because numbers count in politics now let me count there is my good friend Dennis but you are also not telling people that you are running in Kasarani and that you did not allow you to have the numbers no you did not allow me to have the numbers it is not the way like you are putting it but we went to nomination and the best candidate won and we accepted it and we respect the decision and as you say you see those are parties I will hold now you just started I think your grace wanted what I asked you respect let me have my time and I will give you time let me come to you because of the question you have asked about the nominations so currently you stepped down from the parliamentary seat we didn't step down we were the best candidate won in nomination so now how will your focus be our focus we are so loyal to the strongest party in the country right now and we are focusing on presidential campaigns and also the gubernatorial senatorial women rep and the guy that took the day in our constituency who you are going to support definitely because the nomination was free and fair now a party like the one of my friend we have not seen even one nomination even one in 47 counties how can you tell me that they are serious they are not serious about anything they are just doing what we call because it is democratic right public relation only that PR now you are getting out of point ok you have deviated you have deviated Mr. Dennis you can go back to your point now you have deviated and we must correct you here on air because you have lied to Kenyans live on the cameras first of all the governor of Murangamwangu area is my friend and presidential aspirant has run Muranga for two terms perhaps one of the only central Kenya Mount Kenya governor to have finished two terms and interrupted we have seen how the Shenanigans in other counties have happened and so to Kenyans does someone called Mwangi who is a man does that qualify for flower girl no so I think Dennis there you veered off the point and to call a leader of any state even an MC in this country useless is also an insult and you see this is the problem with the UDA people they feel entitled and this comes from the top because they are deputy president threatens everyone but we can't threaten people on air this country deserves peace this country deserves respect and running for political office doesn't mean you call people next let me quote you you said there deputy president is he not your deputy president too as a Kenyan wait wait these guys they are pushing let me respond let me respond respect we don't do respect Dennis you need to respect the moderator and we are live on national television and we must know how to conduct ourselves when we come to this you are also the deputy okay he is the deputy president of the Republic of Kenya whether I respect that I don't know because I did not choose him so he by the fact that you mentioned that all leaders need to be given the respect they deserve therefore because he was elected together with the president on one vote under one vote therefore that is your leader okay let me be honest I used to respect him when he was deputy president and doing his duties like he is boss the president I also started asking myself if I was the president and my junior is political king from day one after the swearing in after general election is that what the constitution says that you must form another political party and campaign against your president and yet you call yourself the deputy president if that definition does not fit in that then I do not recognize William Ruto as the deputy president of the Republic of Kenya he was loyal to the president and doing his constitutional mandate then I respected that so we must also call out what is wrong we must call as we can cheer because we are looking at the other leaders who are coming to be deputy presidents are we going to cheer this one and then allow the others and let the illusion of power move away from individuals minds anybody in the Republic of Kenya right now including URAM deputy president so the one who is holding that office it is by virtue of the electorate the people he must hold it with humility he must not just thumb that oh I am the deputy president so what have you done for the people what have you done for the people I just told him the deputy president of this nation had a lot of humility when his constitutional work was made of state to somebody else they were never we didn't see any collision we never saw after handshake and his constitutional power be given to somebody else we never saw William Ruto in a project launching a project where the machang is there he respected that decision and just stepped back and about forming a party you are saying he has never launched any project he launched where he knew that there is nobody to launch this but he never do you get me right do you get me right what I am saying is we didn't see any collision in his constitutional mandate that was given to other to those people that the president thought that he trust more what he did is he just stepped down and kept quiet and started following his ambition the second thing he said is he went and formed a party first of all in the jubilee party the people that were thought to be the favors of William Samueh Ruto were stripped of their position and given to those people that were in favor of the prime minister and the president those who were in chairs were taken away from their position so he didn't form a party immediately he tried to entoll the president let us keep this jubilee party alive until when he felt that this jubilee party cannot stand anymore because other people have encroached listen the position that are supposed to be given to those who are elected through jubilee party were given to other people that were not even elected through jubilee party so when they felt that we cannot use this jubilee party it has been compromised that is when only recently but he tried from 2017 up to around 2020 only recently when they decided now we are going for UDA and before even declaring that he is the party leader of UDA just a few months ago he was still a member of jubilee so there is no way where he ran away from jubilee he was still there as the deputy party leader of jubilee until he saw that the jubilee party is finished completely he decided now to join UDA for the election this conversation cannot end today but he rightly said that he decided to join UDA then how can you and the political parties act is clear and we expect a leader of the stage of the deputy president to respect the law how can you belong to two political parties at the same time let us finish this conversation I want to give you 30 seconds to have a final word but before we touch on that just something small you usawa party you had the nominations nominations have been ongoing he knows that nominations can be carried out by any other method including consensors including deputy system where there are more than one contestants there is the ballot how did usawa party do it usawa has used the three methods the nominations the delegates choosing where there are more than one candidate and in some in Central Kenya there have been select primaries and also in some other places there has been consensors among those who are seeking elective office and it's allowed so the idea of nomination it's not written and he knows the law it is not a must that you go to let the people do election the people will do election I want to give you you are not going to respond you are not going to respond to that what you are going to do is I want to give you final word your parting shot for the day 20 seconds now 20 seconds each ok thank you so much a little bit hot but it's good it's good to accept the reality where you are now and maybe work for future if you know you are not capable for now try and join those who are stronger than you there is no harm in you clapping for others the time for you to clap for others will reach and again I'd like to tell the people the only people that are serious about running for the presidential candidate who are serious about you is the only I think two candidates the one from azmiyo and UDA party that I cannot fear to say let me finish by saying we also need strong deputy president we have talked about a lot about the deputy president and I think as per me I'd like to second in kenya kwanza JB Muturi is a good leader is a leader that has led the national assembly and different east african national assembly and is a leader with integrity and a father figure so there was an opportunity to give us the running mate also I would like maybe to tell him to concentrate on UDA and even JB Muturi is in DP party so you know then it seems to be touching every corner because he doesn't have direction I have direction I am appealing to the people of miamira to elect Christopher Alvin Mokaya as their third senator because the time is now and we shall bring the household economic model of usawa party to equalize households to do agribusiness to do good healthcare in our county and to ensure that we have the best not just model but the one that works for the people down there so God bless Kenya God bless you thank you Alvin thank you so much we are so happy I am happy too that was good the 5th president is Ruto I am not afraid to say that we don't know that I am confident thank you so much for tuning in thank you the 5th president is Mwangu Airea no good morning to you thank you so much for being part of my morning


The study found that several factors can increase the risk of developing postnatal depressive symptoms, PNDS, in mothers. These include lack of partners perceived antinatal emotional support, consultation with a mental health specialist before pregnancy, family financial difficulties, prenatal psychological distress, and a difficult pregnancy experience. Additionally, lack of perceived antinatal emotional support, a difficult pregnancy experience, and prenatal psychological distress were all found to be directly related to PNDS. Furthermore, infant self-regulation difficulties, maternal difficulty in understanding infant crying, and infant hospitalization were found to be directly related to PNDS. Finally, maternal difficulty in understanding and infant's cries was found to be indirectly related to infant self-regulation difficulties. This article was authored by Melanie Bales, Elodie Pambrun, Charlotte Maguet, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Welcome folks, we have the Dow Industrial up 206. You get the Nasdaq trading up 70, S&Ps up 14, gold contract down $6.70 trading at $15.53 an ounce. We have Silver down 22 cents, $17.94 an ounce, light sweet crude fat, $59.59 a barrel. Notes and bonds, 10-year note up 4 ticks, $128.28, 30-year up 14 ticks at $156.26. If we get open, we take a look at this 10-year first, what you're going to see out here folks is that you got another rejection of lower price, lighter volume, this note and bond market just continue to want higher price, lower yield. What we did out here is this, in fact, yesterday, highly volatile day, we had the 10-year first shoot up to 130.06, then down to 128.23, which is almost unheard of by the way folks, it's a point and a half on the 10-year, the 10-year is like you whether it moves as 4 to 6 ticks a day. Bottom line, monster move. Now, what you also did there is that you had volume and you gave it up in price. When you have volume, give it up in price, you get right back the least test the high volume. What do we get out here today? You rejected lower price, you're going against 1.8 million contracts, you did 1.4, rejected it, still want higher price, lower yield. 30-year did the exact same thing out here, it's pretty amazing, there's no two ways about this, they just continue to want higher price, lower yield. The 30-year got down to 155.29, we're a point above that right now, it went into 328,000, let's take a look at this for a second, yeah, it went into 358, so you're still going to have lighter volume. Now, bottom line wants higher price, lower yield. We take a look at the S&Ps, S&Ps made another all-time high, in fact, they're laying it an all-time high right now, the high of yesterday was 325.78, you're at 326.41, NQs, same type of setup in the NQs, the NQs are still showing that they're the strongest indices out here, NQs, the Qs are up $1.63, the high of yesterday up here was 218.14, you're at 218.77. Stay right there folks, next 60 minutes of trading coming up, recap out here, Dow, industrials right now trading up 201,000 up 68, S&Ps up 13.5, we'll come right back.


A former chairman of the Independent National Electoral Commission, Professor Atahil Rujiega, has invited 500 stakeholders comprising technocrats, traditional rulers, and livestock researchers to develop a blueprint that could bring a lasting solution to the perennial conflict between herders and farmers in the country. The issue of herders' farmers clash has been a dominant challenge between pasteurists and locals, especially in the middle belt. In the last 10 years, with recurring conflicts that had left thousands dead, named Orangert. On the 19th of January 2023, His Excellency, the governor of Karno State, Dr. Brnayu Mardanduje, constituted this committee with the mandate to organize a national conference on livestock reforms and mitigation of associated conflicts in Nigeria. The primary objective of the conference is to bring together a range of stakeholders for cross fertilization of ideas with regards to how to reform the livestock sector in this country for significant value addition to the economy of Nigeria, and also how to ensure that such reforms are sustainable and they also promote social cohesion rather than conflicts which have bedeviled the livestock production sector in this country.


Welcome to the Ethics Village. I am Andrea Matwishan from Penn State, and we are incredibly lucky to have with us today Lisa Bogan from Tech Congress. Welcome, Lisa. Thank you for having me. I'm so excited. Thanks for joining us. So I'm going to not talk at all after this, but if you wouldn't mind just telling us a little bit about yourself, how you got involved with tech policy, some of the exciting jobs you've had, and what you've learned from them, and how someone who's interested in following in your footsteps might be able to also get involved in tech policy work. And then after that, I look forward to your talk. Great. Thank you so much. Well, I have been working in technology for quite a while, but I didn't start there. My original intent was to do more global affairs, foreign policy work, and I did some of that. But I began working in new media technologies out of grad school, and then I was able to do a research fellowship at Stanford University, originally on international institutions, but then I began work on cybersecurity through that research. I did a number of projects related to cybersecurity and technology. And then at the same time, when former Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice was coming out of office, she hired me to start with her, a new consulting firm. It was a boutique consulting firm and it had technology clients from the Silicon Valley and large international banks and other organizations that needed help navigating complex challenges in emerging markets all over the world. So I was able to combine some of my economics background with this new technology expertise that I had to help do strategies for clients. At the same time I was doing research at Stanford in a number of areas, particularly focused on cybersecurity. And then after that I went to a tech company for a bit and from there I went back to Stanford. I was doing a lot of tech policy advising from that perspective because I had worked with senior government officials because the consulting firm was with former National Security Advisor Steve Hadley and former Secretary of Defense, Robert Gates, and so the firm was Rice Hadley Gates. And so I, at Stanford, I was briefing members of Congress on big data issues, privacy, technology, national security. And then from there, I went back to the private sector where I worked on global strategy for cybersecurity at a large professional services firm. And then following three years of that work and recognizing the importance of technology in the entire infrastructure in which we operate as citizens. I was compelled to join Tech Congress, which is a fellowship program that places mid career technologists on the hill. The fellowship is called the Congressional Innovation Fellowship, and I was a senior fellow in the office of Senator Mark Warner last year, and I advised and supported on national security issues, cybersecurity and technology. After that I was hired by Tech Congress to lead a new initiative by the organization, which is called the Congressional Digital Service. And that is an attempt to place developers on the hill to help Congress deal with the COVID crisis currently. And I've been working in this research space for a long time and I'm very excited to discuss cybersecurity and disinformation and some of the tactics and methods that are currently in use today, but also the legislative efforts to counter them. So with that, I will share. Oh, how can you get interested? Sorry, I left that out. How can those of you who are interested in getting into this space are a number of ways you can do that. I think finding mentors is extremely important. I was really fortunate to have incredible mentors who pointed me in different directions than I may have thought of myself. Secondly, I think if you can look for fellowships or research internships or ways to sort of get in on the ground floor, it's really important. In terms of technology development, if you don't have tech skills, there are plenty of boot camps you can join. If you don't want to do a formal degree, you can take classes online. There are a lot of free resources that will teach you how to do information security or programming or coding from a variety of different perspectives and disciplines. I think getting involved in the information security ecosystem in terms of there's a lot of infosec people on Twitter and on blogs and it think tanks. I would also encourage you to look into civic tech, which is something I wasn't really familiar with until I was introduced to tech Congress, but this is a group of technologists who are trying to work to make technology work better for the public. I think that's a really important initiative and really important effort. It's something that I am committed to because I think the last few years have shown us technology can be an incredible force multiplier for good, but it can also be something that does quite a bit of bad in the world. And so belonging to organizations that are really looking at things from an ethical and public service perspective is really important and I think incredibly valuable. So that would be my advice and feel free to contact me if you have any other questions. I'm going to share my screen. So we're going to talk about disinformation and security. These are obviously two different disciplines, but I'm going to talk about how they intersect and then what we do with them from a legislative perspective. I'll briefly give you a history of disinformation, some of the methods and tactics that are used. Why I think we should take a more of a security versus a content approach to the problem. Some of the global regulatory efforts that are in use today and then what the US regulatory approach to methods and tactics is currently. So the history of disinformation is very old goes back into the 1800s Russia had monitored all internal and external communications, including those clear way back until way back until they were in the SARS. In the 19th century Russia, the Ministry of Internal Affairs had a cryptanalytic vision division that analyzes encrypted potentially anti SARS communications, using code books that were purchased on the black market is sort of dark information market existed not just in Russia but also but they were quite good at organizing it. Sorry Alexander the first gave credit to a Russian cryptanalyst for the defeat of Napoleon way back in 1812. Although by the early 1900s Russian cryptography was far superior to any other world power, some of their disinformation tactics developed by the Russians after World War two were then gleaned from Russia to buy the military German military. And they, the German military had a division that was dedicated to creating false military plans that were intended to confuse the, the enemy. So some people will trace disinformation efforts to Nazi Germany. The Russian word for disinformation includes all deception including except for camouflage they made an exception for camouflage but it meant any type of deception. And it quickly became part of their military operations with the intent to confuse and pollute the opinion making process in the West. Many Russians believe that the dissolution of the Soviet Union was due to deliver information attack perpetrated by the West. And then, Timothy L. Thomas notes that Russian, Russians perceive the Cold War as a war of information which the West conquered the Soviet Union so there's this deep sense that information had been weaponized against them and it was fair play to weaponize it back against the West. So there are different concepts that we'll be talking about today and they exist within fairly distinct domains that all sort of have overlapping Venn diagrams although my Venn diagrams are quite overlapping but those involve information influence operations which are often confused with this information. So that is the state sponsored collection of tactical information about an adversary as well as the dissemination of propaganda and pursuit of a competitive advantage over an opponent. So it's very systematic and very strategic disinformation is deliberate usually state sponsored false information used to mislead and deceive. Cyber security is a completely different separate domain and that is the domain security that protects networks devices and data as many of you know. But there's also this sort of subset that it has become a big part of this discipline which is what I think Herblin and others have called cyber enabled disinformation and that's using digitized methods to spread deliberate false information intended to deceive. The regulations and authorities that govern these domains are title 50 of the NDA which proposed international standards to us federal regulations. And then there are several other authorities that guide information operations in the intelligence community throughout international law within the State Department that they rely on, and a number of other executive agencies. So we're just going to discuss the global anti disinformation and US anti disinformation regulatory efforts not sort of the broader frameworks which exist. So this brief history of Russian Soviet disinformation in the 1920s and 1930s the Soviets created an enormous influence and intelligence apparatus across the globe. They were relatively weak during that time, but they built these organizations that some of which were overt some of which were covert throughout the world that were able to challenge all the major powers of Europe and that the United States and most without the knowledge of the United States and most of Europe. They use this apparatus was called to accomplish a lot in the 1970s and 1980s. They were nearly able to split Europe and split NATO and Europe in the 1980s, and they began those efforts in the last year of the Carter administration and continued those efforts into the Reagan years. When communication discommunication information was digitized Russia's functional approach to monitoring and manipulating information didn't change. It actually just accelerated it and made it faster and more efficient. But 1981 Reagan established the active measures working group to fight back against the global Soviet subversion efforts. This was a really enlightened approach to take the active measures working group was created as an interagency working group so it was chaired by the State Department but it included representatives from what was then called the US information agency we don't have one anymore but I actually think it's quite an important institution, the CIA, the FBI, the DIA, the DoD and the arms control and disarmament agency. All of these groups came together to counter Russian disinformation efforts around the world. And they realized that this was a really complex problem and it required a multi layered approach. So they played the public interest in the active measures working group and US successes because it actually received quite a lot of positive responses from the US public. Americans really liked this effort, but the Soviet Union continue to successfully distribute disinformation some examples of that of those successes include the US military claims and beliefs that were spread all over the world. So the United States military had created AIDS and released it as a weapon. That story gained considerable traction throughout the world by the end of 1985. There were articles published in 13 countries that made those claims. In 1986 it had reached 50 countries. So one year later, and by 1987 the story had been published over 40 times in official Soviet press and was reprinted or rebroadcast in 80 countries in over 30 different languages. And they didn't retract the story until 1987. They had already done its damage quite all over the world. In January of 1987 the Soviets launched another disinformation campaign so as soon as they retracted that one they started a new one, or earlier they started a new one that was aimed at convincing that the CIA had perpetrated the November 1978 mass suicide at Jonestown, Vienna. They also ran false allegations of the United States development and use of biological weapons and that the United States was importing Latin American children butchering them and using their body parts for organ transplants. These stories ran repeatedly in the Soviet press and were picked up worldwide. We'll see how this is similar to events today. So there's the pre-digital Soviet disinformation method and the post-digital toolkit and they are actually quite similar. So the pre-digital toolkit, they use a lot of forgeries. They often use them to discredit or malign influential figures, particularly those affiliated with the United States Information Agency. In a report to Congress in 1987, noted that the Soviet Union had mailed a forged letter to the Washington Post and the U.S. News and World Report, who then picked up those stories and ran with them. The document purported to be a letter between U.S. Information Agency official Herbert Rormann Stein to Senator David F. Durenberger, who was a former chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence or SISI. The letter dated April 29, 1986, described in a ledge United States Information Agency campaign to spread this information on Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster. And it was designed to discredit U.S. government and damage our relationships with Europe. They also use a lot of PR firms. Back in the 1980s, the Washington Post reported that Moscow had approached several PR firms in the United States to help represent their narratives to the U.S. public. They relied significantly on amplification. Disinformation narratives would be circulated domestically and fringe publications and then slowly move toward the mainstream publications like the Washington Post and U.S. News and World Report in previous examples. There was a lot of media manipulation, the cultivation of reporters, getting reporters to pick up stories, investigate and report on them. There were a number of front organizations. They were established to look like legitimate organizations, but they actually had disinformation purposes. Then there's the Post Digital Toolkit, which is actually very similar. Again, they're utilizing amplification, PR firms, forgeries, media manipulation, and front organizations. As you can see, this clip is from Twitter and it was when the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs accusing White Helmets worker of being an agent of Britain's MI6. And they continued to perpetuate this false information and actually did quite a lot of damage to him. This has some contemporary references. So coronavirus and COVID-19, some recent examples related to a Chinese government official starting to circulate the narrative that the United States military brought the epidemic to war. Despite that being debunked by a number of other sources. Reuters reported on disinformation campaigns by Russia, Russian state media and pro-Kremlin outlets regarding COVID-19. And they really pointed out that the aim of the Kremlin was to aggravate public health crisis in Western countries in line with the Kremlin's broader strategy of attempting to subvert European societies. Again, has long history of this. We also saw other disinformation on platforms like Twitter. This is an example of the Chinese Communist Party capitalizing on the real rise in racism against Asian Americans in the U.S. Apparently there were a lot of videos of Asian Americans saying that there was a Chinese American brigade had had to be formed because violent white riots were attacking Chinese Americans in Los Angeles. This was proven false, although obviously there is quite a bit of racism being directed toward Asian Americans, unfortunately. Computational influence and digital disinformation. So what do we mean by that? It's kind of a word salad. So it's obviously not just Russia. Every state actor gets involved in this type of information operations. It's Russia, China, India, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela have all been identified by social media platforms as being engaged in these methods targeted at other states. They're not just doing it to the U.S. They do it to each other. You know, it's a global effort. And the things that the platforms have pointed out are the amplification efforts where they use artificial amplification and media amplification. Artificial amplification is when you take a bot or you use some sort of scripted algorithm to make it seem as if something is more popular than actually is or has a broader audience than it actually has. There's media amplification. So where something starts out marginally as a small story on a blog or website and eventually is migrated through manipulation into more mainstream media forms. There are bot farms and what bot farms are going to those little more in a moment astroturfing troll farms, dark ads, deep fakes, fake accounts, either sock puppets or social bots. Again, the terms and language to describe this type of behavior is evolving as this is sort of a new space. And then this concept of the gating are going to those little bit more detail in the next slides. So fake accounts. Those are quite popular on online platforms in November of 2019 Facebook room 5.4 billion accounts that said we're fake. They reported up to 5% of its monthly user base of nearly 2.5 billion worth fake accounts. There are a number of sock puppets, which is an online identity used for the purpose of deceiving so it looks like it's a real person and then it isn't actually the CEO of Whole Foods was convicted of engaging in this behavior in 2007. The CEO of Whole and your international is found guilty of mail fraud and obstruction of justice as well. The social bots are sometimes described as algorithmic software programs designed to interact with humans. So like chatbots, but in this case, they often have more autonomy. And those aren't always nefarious, but sometimes they can be when people don't know what they're interacting with so video and much of this can sometimes be very positive really great. It's just oftentimes when it's used with a nefarious or manipulated manipulative intent, it becomes problematic. So this is a quick clip of a video made by an American YouTube channel called clean TV calm, and it was reposted by a Russia linked Facebook page called secured borders and so you see a lot of craft cross platform pollination as well with these so amplification This is another area where there's a lot of studies are going into how artificial amplification so when you take us information or narrative and you use a scripted method to distribute it more widely than it than it normally would. And that's often used in often by using fake accounts or or bots which aren't even real accounts. There's media or platform amplification like I discussed before where you know migrates from French platforms to mainstream media platforms an example of amplification having really dire consequences is the case of Facebook in in Vermont. And so the Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar were driven out of the country or raped and slaughtered by the military in a genocide that was orchestrated through artificial amplification of this information so it was. And some of it was done by the military they're creating fake accounts spreading false information about the Rohingya and and Facebook wasn't able to shut that down before many of them have been slaughtered. But what about farms and what about farms those are their entities that are created by a scripted behavior that enable machines to do wrote operations to upload or download music or videos or products online or to otherwise automatically create a false impression of popularity or the impression of an audience that may not actually exist. What about farms are people who engage in similar road operations to publish a task like upvoting music or downloading videos so it's not a script that's running. It's an actual person that's following direction. It goes to play a particularly destructive role when used to falsely amplify messages that are destructive but it's also a false form of approval so you may not you may purchase a product on Amazon thinking that it has X numbers of positive reviews when many of those reviews might not actually be positive or a piece of music may seem incredibly popular. But like here here's an example of that place. So these are all cell phones that are are playing music or they're downloading apps or uploading music. But as you can see that these are actual people connected to those. It's, it's a bunch of cell phones that are doing it with a scripted behavior that's connected to all of them. You can use troll farms and brigading. You can use bought forms that you can also use sock puppets, which is in sort of new term but Oxford researchers called fake armies of fake online online influencers manufactured consensus. So that's when it looks like a ton of people agree or think one thing about something but it's actually not a ton of people. It's a fake army of influencers. All firms usually refer to state sponsored anonymous accounts for stock puppets or bots that engage in biased commentary, brigading that's when they identify a target and gang up on them or the attempt to drown out online commentary by sheer volume through harassment or other methods. And for gating is an online harassment technique. There's a vote for gating as well. It's a massively coordinated online voting either with scores or approval ratings, and it creates a false impression of approval where there maybe isn't such an impression. And there is often tied to what people call perception hacking. So there's astroturfing as well. This was a term coined in 1985 by Senator Lloyd Benson of Texas and it occurs both online and offline. It's a political activity designed to appear as if it's unsolicited or autonomous political engagement. So people will be paid to express their opinions, paid to show up at a town hall, paid to create the impression of an organic grassroots effort when in fact it's not that several American corporations and political campaigns have engaged in astroturfing. And it's often difficult from an intellectual academic or practical perspective to distinguish it from certain types of advertising. There is this concept called dark ads. And what it is that are precisely targeted ads that don't show up on a user's timeline or feed organically, Facebook invented them, but all platforms use them. So following Cambridge Analytica and blowback from the platform's role in the Brexit campaign, Facebook and Twitter developed an ad transparency tool that allows all ads run on the platform to be visible. Targeted online advertising algorithmic bias and discrimination are highly problematic. And we have examples of these. They'll create a psychographic profile of someone. So if you see here in this slide, they you can drill down the specific type of consumer that you want to advertise to or political participant that you want to target by saying a French and English speaking woman ages between 31 and 56 located in the 10 mile radius of Boston, Massachusetts, who works either from home or from a small office and the retail production industry.  And you can get even to the types of travel apps and specific types of travel that are on their phone and that they've used. And this is a level of specificity that a lot of consumers aren't aware is being used against them to target ads to them. There's this other concept of deep fakes shallow fakes. So deep fakes use artificial intelligence or fake videos or photos of real people and it often uses neural network AI there's three types. Generative adversarial network scans auto encoders and VA is variational auto encoders. Google's deep mind showed that the VA could outperform Gans on face generation. Variational auto encoders are capable of both compressing data like an auto encoder and synthesizing data like again, however, Gans generate data and find granular detail and images created by VA is going to be more blurred. Shallow fakes are doctored videos that are less dramatic like the speaker policy video. And what researchers have been telling us is that a lot of the time what the hardest part about deep fakes actually often isn't the images but the, but the voices and the sounds and getting those to mimic the actual intonations. Here's an example of a deep fake. At the beginning, before anything, you get together and you read through the script.  Everybody at the end is like me, like, you know, like, hey, happy to be here guys. And some other supporting guys and then and then Tom Cruise walks in and even those guys like whoa and he's super stoked to be there. He's like, he's like, he's just immediately excited when he walks into a room. And so he comes over and he sits next to me and I think he had been briefed on some of the supporting guys, but he was like trying to place me, you know, so he sat down next to me. It's like, I love your work. Thanks. I love your work too. So as you can see, very impressive manipulation of that, of that media. So some of the technical issues with addressing disinformation as considered by Congress are the identity validation piece, financial transactions, moving VPNs, bot detection technologies, spam detection and sentiment analysis, network analysis and behavior analysis. I'll just briefly, I think all of these involve constitutional rights. So identity validation, forcing individuals to validate their identity online has a lot of benefits for a variety of groups. It also has a lot of problems for those who believe in the First Amendment right to end the online. Financial transactions are difficult because they're layered on many of these platforms. So it's not always clear who made the payments and where they came from. Another problem that members of Congress thought, well, if you just identify the individual where they are based, are they a U.S.? Are they in the U.S.? Or are they in, you know, in Russia? I've had a number of members say like, if I'm in engaging with somebody, I want to know if I'm talking to an American or if I'm talking to a Russian operative. Well, the problem with that is that you can't always tell. There's spooking, you can use VPNs, and people all over the world use these. But bot detection technologies have developed considerably. There is an enormous amount of, depending on how you define bot, but there's an incredible amount of work that has been done in this space. And the techniques are very sophisticated, but at the same time, things get thrown. There's also spam detection and sentiment analysis. These also involve constitutional considerations given the privacy issues involved in sentiment analysis. And that's where certain types of language can be in behavioral online, can be analyzed to assess whether or not you are positive towards something or negative. It works really well with some of the targeted advertising. Obviously, network and behavioral analysis, those are ways to look at the kind of broader infrastructure in which some of this activity is happening. And Congress does consider it when they're thinking about bills and ways to control some of the problems that are created by some of this behavior online. So there are a lot of First Amendment issues with addressing disinformation as content. And so I think going after the content on these platforms is never the right approach. And I think doing a content neutral approach is always best if possible because of the First Amendment. So the First Amendment issues involved in regulating disinformation online include the right of the users, but also includes the right of the companies. And it protects the First Amendment, protects anonymity. It protects against compelled speech. The government can't make you say anything. The companies will fight disclosure laws that are often well intended efforts at transparency, but because the government can't compel you to speak about something, they'll find it. SCOTUS has historically allowed greater regulation of commercial speech, but since the 70s it has been increasingly protective of commercial speech, which has been an interesting development. And SCOTUS, the Supreme Court of the United States, has sometimes appealed laws that regulate speech if it's part of a larger regulatory scheme focused on conduct and only incidentally burdened speech. It's also allowed regulation of speech in a commercial context that there's a reasonable government interest in compelling factual and uncontroversial information. And addressing disinformation is a security rather than a content problem. So over the history of cybersecurity and infrastructure security, we've developed this perimeter-less security. So organizations realize that traditional perimeters for information security like firewalls, signature-based anti-mower, those approaches were becoming less effective, particularly as a more mobile workforce. So traditional cybersecurity defenses leave organizations vulnerable to what many call the Maginot Line problem. And the Maginot Line was a military worker genius. It was this wall that was supposed to surround France. And everyone thought it was impenetrable, but the bottom piece was supposed to be this forest that nobody could get through, but the Germans just went around the wall. And in many cases, organizations would design their cybersecurity infrastructure in such a way that they had, well, we have the best firewalls, we have the best security, and then, you know, an adversary would just go around it or move louder within it. So I think that content and speech is a Maginot Line, that when we attack content or nearly scope methods of deterrence without thinking about the infrastructure or the consequences, I think state actors can simply go around our defenses. So, and I also think it looks, when some of the legislation considered to address some of these problems can often look like the authoritarian laws we have seen in other parts of the world. And I'm going to briefly go over those. So, Global Regulatory Regulation of Disinformation are 54 countries have introduced legislation to address this information online. 16 of them have enacted or introduced some form of fake news or misinformation laws. France, Belarus, Bangladesh, China, Kenya, Guinephaso, Malaysia, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, Egypt, Germany, India, Myanmar, Singapore, and the United States. So France is, I'm going to go over just a few, I'm not going to make you go through all these countries, I'll just go through a few, but France's disinformation law emerged as a number of disinformation efforts were directed toward the French president. In 2018 they passed a law that provides a definition of fake news, which is an exact allegations or imputations for news that falsely reports facts with the aim of changing the sincerity of a vote. It's designed to enact strict rules on the media during electoral campaigns and more specifically in a three months preceding vote. They made changes to the draft law in July 2018 to account for satire so as you can see like satire would have definitely fallen under some of those restrictions so they had to make a change. The legislation gives authorities the power to remove fake content spread via social media and block the sites that publish it as well as enforce more financial transparency for sponsored content. And the three months before the election period that builds upon an 1881 law that outlines dissemination of false news was a long history of false news in the world, as well as disinformation. As you can see it has three major provisions and it borrows from the honest ad act actually the United States so what's also interesting is that a lot of legislatures around the world whether they're democratic or not will borrow from each other's legislation and in this case they use some provisions from the honest ad act to apply existing standards for TV and radio and apply them to social media which actually is a fantastic idea. It allows political candidates to sue for removal of contested material, but again because it is a restriction on speech it is hot the whole bill is completely contested Singapore has the anti misinformation law. And this one criminalizes the dissemination of false information online it is one of the more comprehensive and aggressive pieces of legislation in the world. It passed 72 to nine Singapore's parliament and it makes it illegal to spread false statements of fact in Singapore that compromise security public tranquility to find particularly problematic public safety and the country's relations with other nations. It punishes people who post false information with heavy fines and even jail time. And this law has been condemned by a number of human rights groups and publications for unduly limiting free speech, it lets the government demand publication of corrections alongside allegedly false claims. It also outlaws the spread of misinformation and private messaging apps and gives the government power to remove false content that undermines public trust so it increases surveillance 10 fold. It is quite comprehensive but what's also problematic is that I found in the law itself it utilizes terms that were published by the social media platforms. Things like coordinated in authentic behavior CIB that type of language originates US companies and then it's adopted by foreign states for their legislation to regulate behavior and perhaps a way that maybe the social media companies weren't necessarily intending. The US regulatory efforts on disinformation because of all the constraints that I mentioned before the complexity of the language issues the different domains that they operate. There are a number of ways why it's been harder for the government to legislate on some of this activity. First of all, when it comes to social media companies of government is the social media companies are not the government. It's not they're not violating the First Amendment by imposing restrictions on speech. It's when the government forces a social media company to impose those restrictions that there's a lot of legal problems that Dr. Matt Wishing could probably elaborate on much better than I could. Some of these provisions are the Countering Foreign Propaganda Disinformation Act that was included in the National Defense Authorization Act in 19 and 2017. The HR 5910 Defending against Russian Disinformation and Aggression Act. We have the Honest Adds Act, the Deep Fake Report Act, the Militious Deep Fake Prohibition Act in 2018 and defending each of those as a deep fakes. They turned it into an acronym, which is quite clever. Again, Congress wants to act on some of these bad behaviors that are having negative consequences. And they've been doing a lot more in the last few years. But again, it's quite complex. So this bill, Countering Foreign Propaganda in the NDAA, that was introduced by Senator Rob Portman and Senator Murphy. The bill created a grant program for NGOs, think tanks, civil society and other experts outside of government who are engaged in counter propaganda related work. I actually think we need to do this could have been more aggressive. The Global Engagement Center is great under the State Department, but I do think we need some form of a U.S. Information Agency, just to take a more holistic approach so that it requires that all executive agencies like the former working group come together and consider solutions for this ecosystem in a coordinated manner. We had the Honest Ads Act, as I mentioned, adopted by France. It was introduced by Senator Klobuchar, Senator Lindsey Graham and Senator Warner in 2018. And it helps prevent foreign interference and election advertising. And it amends the definition of electioneering communication in the bipartisan campaign for Mac 2002 to include paid internet and digital advertisements. A lot of these problems are a result of old legislation not being updated for new technologies. I encountered this early on in my career at a studio in Hollywood. They had a whole framework for television and music rights, but that was pre-digital. And when we had introduced streaming and downloading all the licenses that applied to television shows, movies, their music that accompanied them, those were all completely outdated. So when we started analyzing that and how do you, you can't go through and renegotiate every single license. Most of the studios in Hollywood, the one I worked at, but as well as many others, renegotiated those licenses based on a framework that looked at the new media technology landscape and said, download is equivalent to a VHS, for example, and streaming is equivalent to broadcast license. So they were able to expedite some of the framework, some expedite some of the licensing in that way. But I think a lot of legislation in Congress right now could be expedited if we simply updated some of the older legislation for a new technology environment, because as you know, technology moves very, very quickly. So yeah, these are the other requirements. And it also required them to make every reasonable effort to ensure that foreign individuals and entities are not purchasing political advertisements in order to influence the American electorate. Seems like a small ask. But as again, the purchasing piece of this is quite difficult sometimes online, trying to validate who's buying what and how. The deep fakes report act was passed in the Senate by unanimous consent, which means that it was introduced and everyone, something that passes by unanimous consent if no one objects that it passes. And it was passed by Senator Portman shots, joining Ernst Martin Heinrich, Senator Gardner, Senator Peters, Senator Rounds and Senator Hasen. And that required the Department of Homeland Security to publish an annual report on the use of deep fake technologies that would be required to include an assessment of how both foreign governments and domestic groups are using deep fakes and digital fordries to harm national security and mislead the American people. Now that's just a report and Congress will do this a lot. They'll issue a, they'll pass something that requires an executive agency to create a report to help inform the public a little bit better. So this is the malicious deep fake prohibition act. It was introduced by Senator Ben Sass in 2018. And it was supposed to create a new criminal offense related to creation or distribution of fake electronic media records. It was criticized at the time for being sloppy and poorly thought through it. In fairness to them, you know, these are brand new concepts and ideas and, you know, there may be flaws, but the, but I do think that Congress just needs better resources to help them inform their decisions. Defending each and every person from false appearances by keeping exploitation subject to accountability act of 2019. This was would require intentionally deceptive content creators to label videos with the digital watermark and written disclaimer informing its viewers that the content has been manipulated. That is, it does provide a legal course of action against content creators while also giving people have been portrayed in deep fake videos of private right of action. Some of this was considered unenforceable as we go into that the defend against Russian disinformation aggression act this bill is included a package of bills in the house to secure America from Russian interference act of 2018 and it includes 17 bills to address subversive Russian activities. Congress when people say Congress isn't doing anything. It's not entirely true. They wrote 17 bills to try to address the problem. It included legislation to codify the State Department sanctions office and it required reporting on Putin's bank accounts and authorized enhanced NATO cooperation, which is, I think I like cooperation is really important. The 2020 technology legislative agenda. These are just some of the things that early in 2020 we identified as, you know, efforts that Congress would try to tackle and this was before COVID and, you know, another crisis had social justice crisis had had emerged so that includes trying to factor with federal data privacy framework a greater shift toward consumer protection rather than disinformation protection. We I suspected the house is still can actively considering breaking up that they are actually considering bringing up the big technology companies and you may have seen the hearing more recently. We highlighted copper the consumer online protection act. Senator Cantwell torpedo this a few times in 2018 but the sticking point remains with the private right of action for consumers platforms misuse our data is a non starter for Republicans. The House version of the honest ads act will continue to be debated. Senator Warner introduced the detour act the access us and Josh holly and with Josh holly the smart act, the detour act is about dark patterns that was to try to address manipulative design on on websites. The access act was an interoperability bill the senator wanted to make it easier to move your data from one platform to another. And I think we'll continue to see this movement toward any incremental breaking up of large tech companies and or antitrust reform but I think the one of the 2020 legislative agenda has shifted due to covid and families trying to work from home and relying so heavily on technology so I just want to ensure that that's probably going to continue to shape the public today. And that is all I have. There we go. Thank you. Thank you so much leisle for joining us today and for that amazing talk and q amp a with you follows after this. Thanks so much.


That's what we hear about in the courses coming, is a waking dream. In other words, instead of continuing the dream and staying stuck in the dreaming, you forgive and you have a happy dream before you wake up to eternity. Doesn't that make intuitive sense? Why would we go from nightmares into bliss? It would be kind of shocking actually to go from nightmares into bliss. We probably have heard the analogy of a mother waking a sleeping child or attempting to wake somebody, but if the child is dreaming and is dreaming a nightmare and the mother shakes the child on the shoulder, chances are if the child is having a nightmare, the child will just interpret the shaking on the shoulder as fearful, as part of the dream. And it won't be part of the wake-up mechanism, it'll be just be interpreted as just another part of the dream. So of course the Miracles is just giving us a beautiful way towards a path of complete non-judgment, and in that non-judgment, that's a state of acceptance and wholeness, which is what the happy dream or the waking up from this world is all about. And we're giving it, you could say, step by step because the mind that believes in this world believes in linear time and it believes in separation, it believes in fragments, it believes in parts and segments. So it seems like the plan of awakening as you're going through it involves phases and segments. In reality it's really just like an instant, but it has to take the form of segments because it would be too frightening if it was just forced on you. If the Spirit said, okay come on, we're gonna, we're gonna flash out and you were invested in illusions. You know, like I use the analogy a lot of times, like going to a movie theater. If you, if your eyes adapted adjust to the dark movie theater, it's not really wise to go right out the door in the back on a bright sunny day because it will hurt, your eyes will hurt because they can't stand the light when they're so adapted to darkness. And that's why the Spirit has to do it in segments so that it's more of like a time collapse is what it's called so that you have more of a, he calls it more of a beatific experience with awakening instead of a traumatic. You know, the Spirit is not about trauma, it's not about shock value, it's more about re-translation.   The Holy Spirit will use the things that you believe in and use the things that that are even ego values. The Holy Spirit will use what the ego made. The ego made the world in hate. So the Holy Spirit is using the symbols that the ego made as part of the re-translation of turning it around and showing a forgiven world or a happy dream. So that's why it's so important to follow your heart. You know, I know in my case I've used those examples over and over but you know, I was not into yoga. I was not into Tai Chi. I was not into a lot of different techniques that people use. I enjoyed sports. So the Holy Spirit just used my my enjoyment of golf and tennis. So those were my mind training, my open-eyed meditations. I used the golf and the tennis with the Holy Spirit to train the mind because there were things that I enjoyed. And that's how the Holy Spirit works. If you enjoy music, if you enjoy movies. I know my friend Gary Renard, he loves movies. We love to sit around when we get together and talk about the latest movies and metaphysical movies because it's something that's enjoyable and the Spirit will use what you enjoy to take you deeper and deeper into that release point. So it's very different from kind of thinking that oh well, I'm just going to have to change my whole life and my whole lifestyle. It's more likely that the Spirit will use a lot of the elements and the things that you believe in in the re-translation. So you don't have to like reinvent the wheel. You don't have to learn a bunch of new stuff. Isn't it great that it's about unlearning? You know, I was in university for 10 years. It's like it's enough. You go reverse. You start to absolutely unlearn and more and more you start to realize that you're safe, that you're not going to be in jeopardy through this reverse amnesia process. You know, we've had an amnesia with God, so we're just reversing the field. We're reversing our minds and coming back to that. So I think that little 50-minute Star Trek episode has a lot of components of what we're talking about with the Course of Miracles, with the artificial environment, with learning to withdraw the investment in the thoughts and the belief system that keep the artificial environment in place. And once you start to do that, you start to free your mind of that. It still looks like you're having a lot of fun. I mean, I feel like I have a lot of fun every day and so it's not like, you know, this kind of big sacrificial lifestyle where you think, whoa, oh gosh, what have I got to give up? You know, I gave up this for Lent and now, you know, asking another of me and another, as if it's a path of relinquishment, a path of renunciation, and so forth. You know, the Course would say that the journey to authentic spiritual awakening is not a path of asceticism. So it's not like you try to go and deprive yourself of things. It's more like you get into your miracle-working capability and you let the Holy Spirit use the symbols that are part of your world, as it's been constructed, in very helpful ways, in communicated ways. So you use the body to express happiness and joy, you know, and express the peace and extend these things. And then through the use of the body and the use of the symbols of the world by the Holy Spirit, then you become detached from them. It's like the Spirit uses them in ways that freeze your mind from them. So you don't have any personal investment in these things because the mask or the persona is getting washed away. So when you really follow it, it just starts to make more and more sense. Awaken, awaken.


Hey, this is Brett and this 2019 Ford F-250 Crew Cab Short Box Lariat FX4 is stock number 13361Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, your new and used heavy-duty truck. Headquarter is this 2019 Ford F-250. Has the 6.2 liter V8 gas engine, puts out 385 horsepower, and it's paired up with the six-speed automatic transmission. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop per the state of Wisconsin inspection process. Has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video inside underneath, start it up, and take a look under the hood in hopes of giving you the most accurate representation of the vehicle as possible. Black agate metallic is the color, and I shoot all my videos in 4K. So if you have HD capabilities, turn them on right now, because it is your best way to check out the quality condition options and, of course, cleanliness of the vehicle before seen it in person. As you go down the driver's side box here, you can see just how nice that box is. No dents or dings on there. Cab and doors all look really good as well. Front fender is in fantastic condition, too. Didn't see any dents or dings on there. And if you like the video, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel, which is youtube.com slash Summit Auto. Click the bell notifications. You'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day of our new and used inventory here at Summit Auto. This one comes with 20-inch painted black alloy rims. Very nice condition on here, and it has a very nice set of like-new BF Goodrich All-Terrain TA tires. These are LT27565R20s, and I would say they have probably about 90-95% of the tread left on them. Frame and underbody is exceptionally clean on this truck. This truck was owned its entire life in Texas. Kind of cool things.  So those are really good looking, too. Headlight lenses are nice and clear. It does come with the chrome bumpers, though. No major dents or dings on that front bumper. Looks really good. Factory fog lights. And the grille is in excellent shape as well, and that is chrome-trimmed, too. Hood is in excellent shape. No dents or dings on there, and the passenger side front fender is in really nice condition as well. Passenger side front rim. No scuffs or scrapes on there. And blacked-gate metallics got a little bit of metal flake to it. Really like that color. As you go down this side of this 2019 Ford F-250, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective, and mirror-like the paint is. I take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here, so when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises, and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video, that it was helpful, and that Brett sent you. Backroom is in excellent shape as well, and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. Frame and underbody, exceptionally clean. It's like that all the way underneath. There's all the remaining factory exhausts, lower rockers, cab corners all look good, and there are those powder-coated tremor-style step bars. Those would be the ones that I would put on my F-250. FX4 off-road suspension package, coming around to the back, rear bumpers in great shape, no dents or dings, and there it does have the backup parking sensors, full towing package, which includes a receiver hitch, four-pin and seven-pin wiring, and the tailgate is in really nice condition as well, does have the tailgate step assist, comes with a very nice spring and bed liner, side-box tie-downs, and LED bed lights. You can see those work nicely. You also get the cargo cam up there. Bed's in excellent shape, and that bed liner goes onto the tailgate, which is a nice feature to have. Coming around to the driver's side for full disclosure, there's backroom in really nice shape, and once again, doors and cab all look good, does have the driver's side door code entry. We do have the code for this truck. If you ever wanted to figure out what your code is for your 17 to 22 SuperD, in the upper right-hand part of the screen, we've got a video showing you how to do that. Heated mirrors, directional signals, these power fold-in, power telescope out. I'll show you how that works in just a second. Inside, the Lariat package gives you the black leather interior, no rips or tears on the seats. You get the bucket seats in the front, memory driver's seat, lumbar, both these front seats are heated and cooled, leather tech floor mats, power pedals, auto headlamps, that's for LED side lights, on the mirrors, tilt, telescopic steering wheel, memory driver's seat, power windows, locks, and mirrors, and like I said, these mirrors do power fold-in. I always like showing both sides, so you know that both sides are working properly, and then they do power telescope out and in, and one more time out and in. As long as I'm standing right here, tire and loading information sticker, as well as the VIN sticker. We'll take a quick look at the back seats. They are just as clean as the front seats, no rips or tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have, power sliding rear window with the built-in rear defrost. Like I said, seats are in great shape. It does have this collapsible floor back here that locks into place, and you can put it down like so. Flat floor back here, floor mats, 110 volt, 400 watt plug-in, and two USBs and a 12-volt power point. Very nice and clean back here. It does have the factory subwoofer behind the back seats as well.  Really a nice clean truck. Southern truck. A lot of nice options on it. You get the nice instrument cluster, digital speedometer. This one has 39,478 miles. Instrument cluster is very nice and clean. It comes with the leather wrap, steering wheel cruise controls and information center controls on the left. Bluetooth and audio controls on the right. Six-speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift. And this one does come with the sync 8-inch radio with the factory navigation system. There's highway 41, so you can see that is working nicely. It does have AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities, as well as Bluetooth capabilities. You can do your climate controls here. And you have all your different apps, including Android Auto and Apple CarPlay. This is also where your cargo cam shows up, and you can see that is working nicely. And then you can check out your backup camera there as well. You can also zoom in on your receiver hitch to get hooked up to your boat, camper, or trailer the first time every time. And stability control. Downhill assist control. B&O premium sound system. Down here, your volume and tune controls and your more tactile climate controls. Turned out four-wheel drive factory brake controller. Heated and cooled seat buttons. Two USBs. You get two cup holders, and then you can have four cup holders. And you also get a 12-volt PowerPoint and 110-volt 400-watt Max plug-in. This one also has a remote start on the key fob. Dual gloveboxes and the passenger side format and seat are in fantastic condition. I don't think this truck's ever been smoked in, and it smells very clean inside. You do get map lights up here. Six auxiliary up-fit switches and the power sliding rear window button. We'll start it up and take a look under the hood. Starts right up. No check engine lights or anything like that. Except that my hood's open. Alright. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. There's that LED side light. And hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course cleanliness of this truck all the way around. I think it's in fantastic condition. Under the hood we have the 6.2 liter V8 gas engine. Engine maze very clean. Runs very smooth. Once again, this truck has been fully safety to and inspected by our service shop per the state of Wisconsin inspection process. Has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. And it is 100% ready to go. Shocks are doing a nice job holding the hood up. The light is working properly and there is the emissions sticker. Really a nice ride and I would highly recommend it from a quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 550 new and used cars, trucks, SCVs, minivans, wranglers, halftones, three quarter tons, one tons, you name it. We've got to go to that website right there. Summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations. All at Summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to YouTube.com. Remember to like, subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. Click the bell notifications. You'll get updates on the videos that I do each and every day here at Summit Auto. You'll see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel on the upper left. Link to more F-250 videos like this one, the upper right link to this vehicle on our website on the lower left. And a link to one of our latest YouTube videos on the lower right. Click those, check us out. We're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2019 Ford F-250 Crew Cab Short Box Larry FX4 and Black Agate Metallic. Thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe and share on the YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Thanks again.