Hello, everyone, and welcome to Hawaii, the state of clean energy. I'm your host today, Mitch Ewan. Our underwriter is the Hawaii Energy Policy Storm, and that's a program of the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute. I'm pleased once again to welcome our guest, Toby Kincaid, a pioneer in the solar industry. And today, we're going to talk a story about a brief history of solar energy. And this is part two. We just playing right out of time last show. And we still have a lot to talk about. And so he's going to grace us with this and sort of a little tagline is this week we're going to talk about powering engine with industrial sun. And the question mark I have for you, Toby, is what do you mean by an industrial sun? I don't think I've heard that term before. Is that a new term that you've just come up with? Well, it may well be. But I always think of it as the industrial sun, because that's the dream. That's more than a dream. As we go through this history, these innovators and inventors actually made this a reality. So the idea is, how can we have a solar industrial revolution and power all of the machines in our modern life? And that has been a challenge and is a challenge, but it's actually very much in the application. So Aloha, Commander, thanks for having me. Yeah, Aloha, yourself. Glad to have you back. And it's short notice, too. That's what I love about Toby, man. He's ready, willing, and able. And he's got a lot of good information that I wanted here. So let's start off with a little recap of just to get everybody into the mode of what solar is. Let me tell us, just to remind us what solar is all about. Sure. Well, the sun powers the natural world. The question is, why not the industrial? So last episode, we kind of did a quick review of what is the nature of solar energy? And we covered that Einstein in 1905 showed us that actually the energy in a photon is equal to H mu. H is Planck's constant, which is the smallest unit of energy. It's like n to the negative 19th joules. And that's a quanta. And you multiply that by the frequency of the light. So the higher the frequency, the higher the energy. So we kind of see it like red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo violet, ultraviolet would be an octave, but you can't see ultraviolet. So interestingly, the human being only sees less than one octave of light. And we know that the sun is just blasting out all this energy, all these charged particles, all this electromagnetic radiation. And it spans this wide spectrum of very low frequency radio waves, really low. And then all the way up through visible, all the way up to these super high energetic photons called gamma rays. And so the sun is blasting out an unimaginable amount of energy. And here we are on Earth. We're 93 million miles away. We received maybe less than 2 billionths of the entire irradiance of the sun. And yet in one day, we received more energy than we use in our civilization by 10,000 in that day. Well, no. So it's a vast resource, and it powers the natural world no small feat. So the great pursuit in this history is how can we use solar energy to actually run our modern world? And this was of great concern to the people through the 1800s. And of course, earlier, but in the 1800s, we really saw technology be applied. So now maybe we can jump back to where we left off with the macho. Now, let's talk about macho. In this next image, I tried to catch what macho and his assistant, Pefre, were doing in 1880 at the French Exposition. And you can imagine women with their beautiful hats and parasols and men in their finest with their top hats walking around the gardens. And they come across this solar engine that's driving a steam engine and is running a printing press. And that Pefre is printing out. He printed 500 copies of the journal Soleil, the solar journal. And what macho was doing, he's really the father of this high temperature steam engine and using solar energy to drive a steam engine. This was what he was doing. And last episode, we talked about all this. He had cookers. He had water distillers. He even made ice, which we'll get to in a little bit. This guy was extraordinary. And so what he did is he had this kind of this concentrator, this conic concentrator, almost looks like a lampshade turned upside down. And that would focus sunlight onto the center boiler, which he encased in a glass kind of greenhouse of a heat trapping glass. And inside, he had his cast iron boiler. Water would come in and he would boil the water and he'd pass that little tank, which is his cooling tower. We'll get to that. And he'd put the steam into a little steam engine. And there are all different kinds of steam engines in the 1800s. And one of the most popular was one they used in the railroads often where they'd have a piston and a little valve and it would go to the left and allow a path of steam to push the piston over and then it would shuttle over, close the first path and open another path to push the piston back. So you had this kind of... And they put a little flywheel on it so the pistons wouldn't seize and here he's running a steam engine. So the steam that would come out that was left over had enough pressure to go up into a coil that he had dropped into this big tank of cold water and condense it down back into water and then back to the boiler. So here he is in 1880. Demonstrating that the sun can do real work. He's the first to really actually demonstrate the industrial sun. So Macho was amazing, world famous, inspired people all over the world. But in 1880, a tragedy happened.  Why? What happened was the French railroads and coal companies finally got together and went to the French Academy and said, why are you funding Macho? What are you gonna make everyone rich? No, we need to keep everyone down, you know, it's fun dust. So with probably some bribes. Unfortunately, the French Academy said, Macho, we're sorry, but the money stops. But Macho, who was heartbroken, of course, because he was at the pinnacle of his accomplishment, but Macho is also not only the father of concentrating solar energy for steam engines, but he also did something extraordinary in 1879. Now, the big question in the 1870s was, what's the best way to store solar energy? Now, you've heard that question even recently, people are debating it, you know, what is the best way? And Macho was amazing. He goes, the best way is to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen. You can put them in separate cylinders. And then when you need industrial heat, you bring them together, or you could use them separately. The oxygen could be used as a feedstock for industrial processes. And you could use the hydrogen as fuel. And here's the part that I'll never forget. He goes, hydrogen as a fuel is as precious as your disabundance. So, you know. The one word I'm hearing, Joe. Oh, this time. He was showing the world how to be in step industrially with the natural world. Now, this is Macho. So, he's not just talking, he actually built one. So, in his garden, in tours, he put a small conic concentrated together. Now, to make hydrogen and oxygen, you need an electrolyzer, but you need electricity. How do you generate electricity in 1879? No. No electricity. Well, he chose a thermoelectric generator, which was actually very mature at that point. And he's like, what, going from heat directly to electricity with no moving part? How did he do that? Well, in 1822, a German named Siebeck discovered if you took two wires of different metal and you solder one end and you solder the other end, and you put one end in a glass of ice water and the other over a flame, electricity is produced. And everyone went mad for this. Now, this is before Faraday in 1831, talked about the Faraday law of induction, which is conductors moving through changing magnetic fields, very dynamic, hence the dynamo. And so, all of this is being developed, but when Siebeck discovered this thermoelectric effect, Macho, now in 1879, actually could buy an off-the-shelf thermoelectric generator from a company called Clermont, and they produced 54 volts at 3 1⁄2 amps. Amazing. And what they found is Clermont would take little plates of different metals and you solder them together. And if you put heat across the junction, heat electricity will actually flow across the junction, like Siebeck demonstrated. Only thing is that temperature really lowers voltage. So the output of the voltage was clearly low. So you needed like 50 junction in series to make one volt. Well, Clermont put these all together at like 2,500 junctions and they used it. Actually, you would burn natural gas as the heat source or more likely town gas, which is a coal that you bake in an oxygen-free environment and it out gases, things like methane, a little bit of hydrogen, carbon monoxide. And this is how many towns would actually like their do outdoor lighting was burning town gas. Well, you know, you've got to wonder, well, what are they doing with the electricity in the 1850s, 60s, and 70s? And the answer turned out, electroplating. But my show built this thermoelectric generator, produced electricity, ran an electrolyzer, which surprisingly was a fairly common device because in the early electronic age, you could measure the voltage pretty easily with a galvanometer, but actually measuring the current in a circuit was kind of tricky back then. So what they did was they used a little pocket electrolyzer and you would put that in your circuit and measure how much hydrogen was involved over a certain amount of time. And that told you the amps. So he had an electrolyzer and so he put the electrolyzer to work and put hydrogen in a cylinder and oxygen in another cylinder. So my show is not only the father of running steam engines but really he's the father of what we now call green hydrogen. And this is 1879. Oh, my goodness. Okay, so this was, it's amazing, this guy. So talk to me about the hot box. Yeah, well, that's, now, now my show was kind of leading up on this high temperature effect, but actually there was also another line of research that looked at what this hot box does. Now, this was developed in 1767 by Dussassure. And Dussassure was a naturalist, very famous in Europe, and he wrote, it is a known fact. In fact, the fact probably known for a long time that a room or a carriage or any place gets hopper when solar rays pass through glass. So he was responding. Now, he's in the 1700s, which has some historians have called the century of the greenhouse. But to really set the scene for Dussassure, we have to kind of go back a little bit further to 1550. Now, in Holland, the Dutch. Now, in the 1500s, it was the age of discovery. So ships were going all over the world and coming back to Northern Europe, from Africa and from Indonesia and from Asia and from South America. So all these exotic animals and birds and plants, like orchids, not to mention delicious new foods like bananas and mangoes and coffee. Well, the Dutch went high. We wanna cultivate these things, but it's so cold here. So they started experimenting with glass houses, the first greenhouse. And in fact, double-pane glass as an insulator, that's a Dutch invention from 1550. Well, but you didn't go long ago. Yeah, at least we would know that. This history is extraordinary. And the Dutch did other things that they innovated. They would put little ceramic heaters, little wood stoves that would get warm and then help supplement the heat when it was extremely bitter. But the greenhouse was the beginning of horticulture and the idea of growing all of these exotics and succulents. Okay, so we advanced now to the 1700s to De Cessure. Now, De Cessure had a question. Why is it cooler in the mountains than down on the plains? And he had a hypothesis. He thought, well, the solar energy should be about the same level. So there must be something in the atmosphere that's causing a difference. And he thought the atmosphere in the mountains was more translucent, but he didn't really know. So he did an experiment. He did what any Swiss French scientists would do. He climbed the mountain. So he takes his hot box, which is this double-glazed glass over a hot absorber. Sometimes metal, sometimes just painted black. I was wondering what that was in your diagram. Yeah, I should explain. This is my attempt to try to do a cutaway. And so he put this in a pine box and then surrounded it with cork and then put it into another box. And there's this little thermometer in the center. So he climbs the mountain and he measures that the hot box would get to 190 degrees. Then he measured the temperature in the mountain and it was like 44 degrees Fahrenheit. So the next day he climbs down the mountain, repeats his experiment at the same time a day, and to his astonishment and probably delight, he sees that the temperature in the hot box was not 190 degrees, but the temperature of the surrounding air on the plains in the valley was like 78 degrees. And he said, oh, there it is. The amount of solar energy in the mountains and in the plains is the same, essentially.  And he was right. So this is kind of the greenhouse effect that we're just gonna say greenhouse effect. Oh, I'm kidding. So imagine the people today sometimes you hear, well, you know, a greenhouse effect, really the jury's out on that. We really don't know if that's, no, no, no, there's no jury. Reem de Sassier, de Sassier, he knows what he's talking about. Okay, so let's move on to the low temperature engine. All right, so this, I'm trying to work my way through your slide. Thank you very much. Okay, so now we're back into the 1850s, 1860s, and there's a contemporary of Machot, and his name was Tellier. Now Tellier was a joint in the engineering world. He turned heat or hot into cold. And it astounded everyone. He designed the first mechanical refrigerator for shipping and famously shipped chilled beef from France to Buenos Aires. But he was world famous. They couldn't believe it. So how did he do it? Well, he studied liquids that would boil at very low temperature, for example, ammonia. Now ammonia will boil at like minus 28 degrees Fahrenheit. Really low temperature, it'll vaporize. So Tellier, he understood that there are problems with running steam engines because it takes so much energy to boil water. It's a lot of energy. In fact, Tellier knew that if you had like a cup of water and you boiled it, it would want to occupy 1,300 cups of volume. So it's an amazing power that you have to push back into the pipes at very high pressure. Now, Tellier, because he was a thermodynamicist and studied these exotic liquids, he said, no, instead of a high temperature, and there's actually something that disaster pointed out is that when he measured higher temperatures, they would irradiate the heat faster. So if you did operate at high temperature, you're losing a lot of heat as well inadvertently. So Tellier said, okay, we're gonna do a low temperature engine. And in modern times, he's the first one to ever do this. And so what he did, instead of the concentrators and tracking the sun, he got two sheets of corrugated iron and riveted it together, the valley and the peak of one another, forming these little channels. That's what I'm trying to draw in that little upper part as a mask. And then he used ammonia as the working fluid. So he put a manifold on the bottom, a manifold on the top. So there's only one inlet and one outlet. And he would feed ammonia into this hot plate collector and it would vaporize. And he reported he could get 40 pounds of pressure. And then he had that run to a simple steam engine and the vapor after it exited the steam engine would have enough pressure to go through some tubing, a coil, through inside a tank of cold water. And he was able as a closed loop to condense it, to glue it off, back into a liquid to be repeated. Now what Tellier did, which is kind of amazing, imagine he's in his garden in a suburb of Paris. And what he did is he would drop into the bottom of his well a diaphragm water pump. Now a diaphragm water pump was a pump invented by the ancient Egyptians. And it basically was like a box with a hinge valve on the outside and a hinge valve on the inside with this kind of diaphragm that would go up and down with this push bull rod that he was running with the steam engine. And so when you push down, it would force air out or the water out through the exit valve and close the end valve because there was pressure there. And then when you pull up on the pull rod, it would close the exit valve and open the inlet valve and allow water to go in. So it's kind of... And so he's standing in his garden, well, how do you use lead? The people would come by and go, yeah, Mr. Tellier, what are you doing? How did you do this? And he thought that his low temperature engines for water pumping, because that was the big thing in that time, Shaman is something the world had been fighting for a long time and we still do much to our chagrin. But he thought this could, in fact, in 1880, he wrote a book called The Peaceful Conquest of Africa with the Sun. He's a man of his age, so conquests might maybe overstated. But he was talking about turning Africa into the red basket of the world. So Tellier was an extraordinary man, got extraordinary results. But suddenly for mysterious reasons, just after 1880, he stopped, went back into refrigerated shipping. Maybe it was very lucrative for him, but it was a mystery why he abandoned solar when he did. But nevertheless, he opened a door that others could walk through. So let's go to Will See and Boyle. Now, this is the next one. Now, Will See and Boyle were amazing. They're two engineers from Illinois. And in the 1880s, 1890s, they wanted to revolutionize the world, to save the world with a commercial solar power plant. Again, for water pumping. Now, Will See and Boyle were very thoughtful. They spent seven years actually studying everything. Macheau was known to them, Erickson was known to them, Tellier was known to them. And when they looked at everything, they thought, well, the problem with the solar concentrators is the glass is heavy, the mirrors are heavy, and the higher the concentration ratio, the more exactly you had to point at the sun. So they had mechanisms and all kinds of balance weights. And they said, ah, this is too tough. We want to go with Tellier. We want to do a low temperature engine. But Will See and Boyle, they didn't want to use ammonia out in the solar field. So they said, okay, we're going to make the first combined cycle. We're going to use water in a hot block that the Sassier taught us about. And so they'd have a pine box lined with tar paper. They only had a depth of like three inches for the water, double-pane glass above it, cork around the whole thing, and another box to support it. And in this next slide, you'll see, I just, I didn't draw the serpentine kind of path that the water took, but in their big solar hot box, they were able to get the water up to actually about boiling. Not super hot, but very hot. And then they answered the question of how do you store solar energy? And they simply said, well, we're going to put a big tank of water, hot water, at the end of our solar collectors, and we're going to insulate it. And so that's how they wanted to store the energy. So what they did is the water would come off their solar field, go into this big tank, and then in the spirit of Tellier, they made a closed loop. This is the combined cycle where you have a completely separate cycle of these pipes that would contain not ammonia, but another low temperature vaporizing fluid of sulfur dioxide. And that evaporated around 14 degrees Fahrenheit. So as long as you don't mix it with water, you're okay. If you mix them, you're going to get really super strong acids, but they successfully kept them all isolated. So out of the hot water tank, they pour the hot water over the pipes that contain the sulfur dioxide. It would vaporize, run their motor, but because they had so much solar hot water in their big tank, they were the first ones to run a solar plant 24 hours a day, continuously with this 15 horsepower motor. So just the solar energy that they collected during the day. Amazing. So Toby, that is amazing. And the amazing thing here is we only got about three and a half minutes left to go. Oh, okay. All right, well, let's jump to the next slide. And I'll just try and summarize. Okay, so Wilson Goyle went to Needles, California in the Mojave Desert, and they built that large power plant. But by 1903, they had some financial difficulties and they had to stop. Like most engineers, they were trying to improve and improve. Okay, so that opened the door to Frank Shillman. And that's what you're looking at now. What Shillman did is he thought, yeah, we want to use a low temperature engine. I get that. But the hot boxes that he was building were still tremendous, but he wanted to keep improving. So he decided to put side reflectors up at nearly 60 degrees on each side. And that gave you a 2X concentration and he got a great performance. And this he did in a suburb in Philadelphia in from 1909, 1906 to 1909, and raised money to then take the whole thing to Egypt. But he was able to pump 3,000 gallons a minute. And he didn't have anywhere to put it. He didn't have a garden as such or a well. So he put it up a big tower up 33 feet and blasted it down into an Egyptator. But people would walk by even in the wintertime in Philadelphia and see this water blasted out of his solar power plant. So Frank Shillman was amazing. Well, Frank Shillman went even further. He said, I want to do the low temperature style, but I don't want ammonia and I don't want sulfur dioxide. I don't want anything. I want to use water. But he didn't like the performance he was getting. So he said, I'm going to invent a new steam engine, which is a low-temperature, low-pressure steam engine. What? And so what he did just as water boils up in a mountain at a lower temperature, he actually made a closed loop in his water pipe and then evacuated all the air out of the pipe and sealed it up and tricked the water into thinking it was at a high altitude. And so when he finally went to Egypt in that next slide, just briefly he improved the optics to do this parabolic trough concentrator that would direct the sunlight at the bottom of the hotbox, in this case now just a pipe. And he was able to pump at, by 1913, 6,000 gallons a minute at a plantation that grew cotton in Egypt. And everyone in the world just was blown away. That is industrial sun. Now, unfortunately, World War I came along and it kind of disrupted everything. He had to go back to America and unfortunately he passed away before the war ended. So we never got a chance to see him really run with it. But so that gets us to 1913 and I realized we're probably out of time now. Yeah, 51 seconds, so that's really fast. Okay, well, so here we have this extraordinary path, this golden spread of technology where from the ancient Greeks and the ancient Romans using architecture to use solar energy, we now get into the 1800s where these inventors are using machines to actually power physical work that was just amazing to everyone. And this is before the 20th century, as far as macho. So we didn't know about the electrical age or the petroleum age. This was still unknown. And there was a great hope that the world would be solar powered leading to the end of poverty and a much more sustainable and peaceful world. So I say we should be inspired by these guys. I certainly am. Well, I'm inspired by them and I'm very inspired by your stories. And all the great information you have, Toby, that's really great. Well, we're gonna have to leave it there guys. Once again, we're out of time. I know Toby still has a lot of new information to tell us but we just don't have the time to do it. So we've been talking to Toby Kincaid about the fascinating history of solar energy. I'm sure everybody's finding this fascinating like I am. And once again, our ancestors were pretty smart people and it's amazing to learn what they did to harness the solar industrial solar energy. Well, thanks for educating us, Toby. Bye. My pleasure. So hello, everyone. And thanks to our viewers for tuning in. I bet you are. We'll be back in two weeks with another edition of Hawaii, the state of clean energy.


How came the lack of cultural sensitivity negatively impact students' learning? In my professional and personal opinion, being culturally sensitive and culturally aware is a very important part of being a successful teacher. The following will be based on my experiences and perceptions as a high school teacher teaching English to international students, observations made from watching my work colleagues teach, and examples from two different cultures that I encountered. Is it important for teachers to know about cultures?  In these situations, the teachers will have less awareness and may be less sensitive to students' differences and needs. They may not be aware of this, but whether or not this is intentional, it still may be a cause for concern. I should state, however, that not all teachers are the same and that there are those who may not have any cultural experiences, but they thrive on experiencing it through the teaching of their international students. Unfortunately, there are also teachers who lack the capacity to value different cultures, which will obviously be detrimental to the learning of their students. What problems does a lack of cultural insensitivity cause? A teacher's insensitivity to other cultures can lead to a variety of things that negatively impact students' learning. Students may become offended and therefore be put off learning, reluctant to participate, truancy, dislike the teacher, and become disruptive in class which affects not only theirs but others' learning. Despite which negative impact this has on a student, it will always result in a lack of learning. Classes can be filled with a multitude of international students and yes, it can become difficult to remember all the different rules from culture to culture. If a teacher, however, is seen to be attempting to make the students and their cultures valued, they will have more of a positive impact on the students' learning. The teacher will need to be more organized and in general, more aware of their gestures, actions, mannerisms, ways in which they speak, and ways in which they approach students one on one. All of these things combined can only result in positive outcomes. Have the knowledge of cultural differences helped me in my job. Over the years I learned things that made a positive impact not only on my teaching but also with my relationship with the students. As a result, the actual teaching of class content and getting through the curriculum was much easier. Some examples from teaching Pacific Island students are that they are kinesthetic learners who enjoy games, hands-on activities, singing, learning through actions, group and pair work, visual aids, and they don't mind working on the floor, when suitable. This relates back to their culture as this is how their ancestors learned their traditions, through storytelling and song, whilst sitting on the floor with their families and fellow villagers. They learned their life skills like hunting and fishing through action and physically having to do these tasks themselves. This is still ingrained in them today, and many of the students thrive in a classroom environment that fosters this type of learning. They aren't as productive when it comes to learning in a traditional classroom where the teacher talks at the front of the room, and they just write. When assisting them one-on-one, it is important that the teacher doesn't stand over them when doing this. They are easily intimidated and it is more beneficial to both the student and teacher, that the teacher kneels down or sits next to them whilst doing this. Students from many, but not all Pacific Islands will not look you in the eye. They are not being disrespectful, they are in fact, being respectful, as this is what is required in their respective cultures. Pacific Island students are also very vocal and don't mind classroom chatter and banter with the teacher. Peculiarities of Asian Learning Style In contrast to the Pacific Island students, are the students from countries in Asia that I have taught. These students didn't mind a traditional classroom environment where the teacher spoke and they wrote and completed the set work because this is what many of them are used to. They would enjoy but didn't insist on having classroom activities such as games, pair work or group work. They were happy enough to work individually and just get through the set tasks of the day. These students were also very respectful in the sense that they were very quiet and rarely disruptive. They are less vocal and only spoke when spoken to, or when they needed assistance. During illicit activities, they would rarely volunteer to share their answers with the class. I would always have to ask them before they would consider answering out loud. As a result, these classes were very quiet and got through the work much quicker than that of their Pacific Island schoolmates. In order to make them feel comfortable when I needed to ensure they were on task, I would just wander around the room, asking them quietly as individuals if they had any questions or required help. Environment is extremely important for students. Overall, I have learned that it would be beneficial for teachers to embrace what different cultures can bring to the classroom learning environment, capitalize on that and use it to their advantage. Each individual student's personal experiences from their cultures can make a classroom atmosphere more colorful, enjoyable, interesting and will also provide more learning for students that may not have specifically been planned for. What I have found to be even more important is that students will perform better if they are in a classroom learning environment that is safe, comfortable, and has an atmosphere where they feel welcomed and know they are valued. If we as teachers can all embrace different cultures, our student work completion and success rates can only improve. Are you ready to teach English abroad? Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.


How do you identify children or teens from adults? I'm pretty sure each group has certain qualities that make them fall entirely into their respective category. Now everyone can see it, and everyone can tell the class that each person falls. In the same way, when it comes to wealth building, there are different growth stages. Certain qualities characterize each stage. For instance, poor people have the same mindset about money. This mentality is reflected in their daily habits, which eventually manifest in their financial status. Wealthy people, on the other hand, have specific qualities that are responsible for their wealth. Take a few minutes to think about some of the rich people you know. I'm sure a good look at one will remind you of another, either because they think alike. Guess what? The way they think and act is responsible for their success. Thomas Corley, an American writer, said, Daily habits dictate how successful or unsuccessful you will be in life. I'll tell you something peculiar to rich people. They are always willing to do what others don't want to do. They're always ready to step out of their comfort zone. Okay, let's get to it already. In this video, I'll share with you 9 things all millionaires have in common. If you're new here, consider subscribing so that you don't miss out on exciting videos like this. 1. Millionaires Rise Early Thomas Corley took 5 years to study the lives of 177 self-made millionaires. His discovery showed that nearly 50% of the self-made millionaires in a study woke up at least 3 hours before their work day began. According to Corley, getting up at 5 in the morning to tackle the top 3 things you want to accomplish in your day allows you to regain control of your life.  Who doesn't like to hit the snooze button, telling themselves that they need an extra 5 minutes to sleep, to soak up the warmth of their sheets? Well, I guess no one. However, millionaires understand the importance of waking up early so they'd rather sacrifice their sleep rather than their work. Waking up early gives you more time to sort out your day's schedule and get on the day's activities in a good time. Mare Newlands, a startup advisor, investor and entrepreneur once said, Take 100 millionaires from across the world and I'll bet you none of them sleeps in. The majority of these individuals are up at 6 or 7 am, slaving away while the rest of us are still eating pancakes. To become a millionaire, start by waking up early enough to begin your day, way ahead of the rest of the world. 2. Millionaires Set Goals It's one thing to wish to be a millionaire. It's another to set actual goals and plans to help you achieve this dream. The thing about setting goals is that it forces individuals to visualize the required steps to arrive at the desired result. And when this is done, you're able to focus in the right direction and set the right target. Orison Swett Martin, an American inspirational author, said, All who have accomplished great things, have had a great aim, have fixed their gaze on a goal which was high, one which sometimes seemed impossible. Millionaires set goals. 3. Millionaires Focus on Their Journey, Not the Destination Most millionaires will tell you that it is not about the money, but about growing as a person. It is about rising to the point where they become capable of making money. To them, the journey is more valuable than the destination. On the other hand, people who chase only after the money are never happy or satisfied at the end of the day, because after getting the money, it becomes a situation of now what? Where do they go from there? So rather than focusing on the money part of the goal alone, they focus on the journey. 4. Millionaires Don't Watch TV One study found that only 23% of millionaires watch more than an hour of TV a day, compared with 77% of everybody else. That leaves time for wealthy folks to do other things that broaden their financial horizons. Not that rich people deny themselves of having fun or watching TV. They just do not have the time to overindulge. Now, this doesn't mean that you should lock up on TV time, but if you find yourself spending so much time watching TV and complaining that you hardly have time to do certain things, especially when it has to do with your career growth, then you might want to review your time. 5. Millionaires Never Stop Learning Every millionaire is a lifelong learner, because they understand the need to improve and grow continually. For instance, according to Corley's Discovery, 63% of the wealthy listen to audiobooks during a commute to work. So you can start by spending at least 30 minutes per day reading to self-educate and acquire knowledge. 6. Millionaires Create Multiple Income Sources Millionaires understand the principle of putting their money to work for them. So they create multiple income streams so that they don't end up spending all their lives working for money. Jimmy DeMessa, an author and entrepreneur, said, The key to wealth and happiness in today's world is to create multiple streams of income using diverse business models and combinations of passive and active income in areas where your passions and talents can be most thoroughly engaged. Studies reveal that most millionaires have at least three streams of income that they created before making their first million dollars because they know that relying on one stream of income can't help them achieve their goals. 7. Millionaires Eat Healthy and Exercise Millionaires pay attention to their health. They exercise and eat mostly healthy meals. According to a study in the Journal of the American Medical Association, Internal Medicine, it was observed that low-income people's diets are getting worse while those of high-income people are improving. One would expect otherwise because it is likely that millionaires will be too busy with their work stuff to pay attention to their meals. However, according to this study, it looks like the millionaire guys pay more attention to their health than others. According to Kohler's research, 70% of wealthy people eat less than 300 junk food calories each day. While 97% of poor people eat more than 300, 76% of wealthy people exercise at least four days a week when only 23% of poor people do. This study shows that wealthy people understand the importance of good health. They know that the only way they can achieve their long-term goals is if they are healthy. 8. Millionaires Always Create to Do Lists Setting goals is the first step to achieving success, creating actionable plans. However, it will determine whether or not you will accomplish your goals. Todd Stucker, an author and life coach once said, Before you eat the elephant, make sure you know what parts you want to eat. When you create a to-do list, you can easily track and measure your progress regarding the necessary steps needed to achieve your goals. According to research, 81% of the wealthy people keep a to-do list while only 19% of the poor do. 9. Millionaires Continuously Provide Value for Others Success is all about creating value because you want to make the world around you a better place. According to Brian Tracy, successful people are always looking for opportunities to help others. Unsuccessful people are always asking, what's in it for me? To become a millionaire, you have to think of ways to help people. And the more people you help, the more your chances of getting rich. If you want to become a millionaire, you can start by following this millionaire's tips and habits. Thank you very much for watching our videos. If you like these videos, watch more videos on our channel and subscribe. We love you.


Hey you! Come here. What if I told you that there was an MCU Spider-Man costume that Marvel doesn't want you to see? It's a Spider-Man costume worn early on in the career of Tom Holland in some of his first days being Spider-Man on set of Captain America Civil War. But once the film was released, this costume was scrubbed from the movie and replaced by one that some fans would say is way way worse. That would be this suit. Tom Holland's Civil War mid-production suit, or I guess the scrap suit would actually be a more fitting term. I cannot tell you how much this specific costume has a hold on so many fans and haters of the MCU alike. And I mean those terms are really just the same thing at this point. I mean there's not a single MCU hater that I know that isn't watching these movies within the first week of their release. It's almost like we're slaves to the shitty content that Marvel pumps out. We have no choice. We got to consume guys. We got to consume. Come on. We're Americans. Ignore all the terrible politics guys. Consume. Consume. Consume. And you know what? Fine. It's got a hold on me too, okay? This costume is really really pretty to look at. It's beautiful. Like, don't get me wrong. I definitely like the suit that they replaced this one with, but oh God I can feel my liver failing because I have to say something really difficult. The old one's better. Even if I like the new one, the old one is so much better, dude. I need to go to a hospital. I made the neck of this costume too short, and then my real neck keeps showing. And I mean, yeah, I know I went up to bat for this costume in my old shitty Spider-Man suit retrospective series, but I can't let my personal enjoyment of a costume get in the way of actually criticizing it and addressing its problems. See, the Stark suit is pretty much just Spider-Man's red and blue bright classic outfit, but it's got these additional black straps and and the lines on the blue portion, which are extraneous and honestly unneeded. These two additions to the classic Spider-Man costume have been keeping fans from thoroughly enjoying this costume for a really really really long time.  Oh God, I'm like the only person who likes this thing. The thing is this costume has the same exact design tropes as the homecoming one, but for some reason fans love this one.  But there's a reason for that and I'm gonna tell you why.  I need to shave, dude. My facial hair and this mask are not going together well, dude. It's uncomfortable, but the scrap suit actually improves this feature by scaling down its color palette to just be pretty much red navy blue and some different variations of navy blue. Now, when you go back to look at the straps, you can actually see they blend in with the costume much better because they don't really even look like straps. They just look like different parts of the costume, not black long strips that were glued on to the costume that would have already looked pretty good without them. I know the MCU line thing has been complained about to death, and yes it's apparent in the homecoming suit.  Yet here they are, but you see the scrap suit also has these lines. You just can't really see them because they're hidden within the navy blue and that wouldn't really, I wouldn't really say it fixes the problem. It just makes the problem less noticeable.  And with that, this suit manages to improve pretty much both of the major design flaws in the Spider-Man homecoming.   Anyway, as I was saying, this costume is a major improvement over this one, but improve isn't really the right word, is it chronologically speaking.  They actually downgraded.  They got rid of it. They're kind of right. I'm gonna try a reverse tuck, okay? Because my neck, I know my neck is showing on camera. Okay, check me out. Usually, you do the tuck like that. So let's get this all together. Marvel made a really, really, really good costume. And fuck, they even got to the point where they made the thing. Two of them. One of them for Tom Holland to wear and one of them for the stunt double Marvin Ross to wear. Marvin Ross has actually helped a lot with keeping this costume alive, ironically. He's been posting about this costume ever since he was assigned to be the stunt double with Tom Holland. In fact, I think a lot of this stuff would not be known by the internet. We would not have a lot of the images seen here if it weren't for Marvin Ross. And for the cool people on Twitter who I asked for pictures of this suit and they gave them to me. Thank you for everyone who replied.  All right, so again, let's get back on track. Marvel designed a costume.  Two of them.    Because it's gone.  Do you know where it's gonna be? It's gonna be in an auction. 15 years from now, this thing's gonna be auctioned off for a million bucks. Okay? And some rich dickheads gonna buy it, okay?   That wasn't a projection. So yeah, they got rid of everything they did just to make a shittier version. And I know I've been pretty clear about liking the costume that they replaced this one with, but to be honest, if I could go back and rewrite the timeline to put this old suit back in, I'd probably do it. You see, I'm not your average human being. I value the happiness of most others beyond my own.    It's just a marvel to look at.    I love the way the blue borders on the red parts. I love that little red accent line that gets created, especially on the back.   It's fine. It's a great costume.  It's gone now. It's gone forever. You're never going to see it. I'm glazing up this thing. You're never going to see it again. It's going to be gone.   Literally nobody knows why Marvel decided to get rid of this costume, but I have a theory. But first, my friend Trey has a shirt shop. This is Stitch Man. This is my best friend Trey's shirt shop.  I really like this shirt. In fact, my friend Gavin had a test prototype for years before I got one.    And there are so, so, so, so much more coming. In fact, me and Trey even want to do a little PSM merch drop at some point in the future. He's going to be designing some super cool PSM shirts. So if you want that to happen, please let Trey know how much you value his work by getting a shirt. You help my best friend out.  Go buy the shirt because the man in the spandex told you to. It's for a good reason.  And remember, if this actually does well, there's probably a bigger chance that you guys are going to get a PSM merch drop in the future. We're figuring it out, but hopefully it'll happen. Add over. Here's my theory. Now, if you head over to California and go to one of the Disneyland parks, you'll find Avengers campus, where you'll see so many superhero people dressed up and in their up-to-date MCU costumes. Essentially, if a big MCU event happens or a character changes their costume or their look in a movie, the actor in the park is going to be wearing an all new costume that is literally just the same exact one from the film, just on a slightly lower budget. Each respected character gets their own update whenever their own movie comes out. All except Spider-Man. This is Future Kai cutting in. Past Kai is wrong. They don't update every single costume for every new movie and rather they just add new characters from that movie. But still, it's safe to say that most other characters get entirely accurate costumes according to the film that they appeared or I guess debuted in.   Oh well.   I'm gonna move on now. So I didn't think about that shitty costume again until I saw it in Marvel's What If. By the way, I sat through like every episode of What If because I was really, really, really excited to see the Spider-Man episode.  And he finally gets here, man.  It's Spider-Man.   Literally my smile evaporated.  He's extremely out of character the whole episode.  I thought it was so weird that he's not wearing the costume that he should have been wearing in this episode. If this takes place during Infinity War then at this point he should be wearing the Stark suit. But he's not. Why wouldn't Marvel put him in the correct suit? And then I thought about it. You see, everyone knows that Marvel and Sony have had a really rocky relationship, especially at the beginning of including Spider-Man and the MCU. Marvel's creating this new big movie with Captain America and they want Spider-Man in it. So Marvel signs a deal with Sony.  Maybe Sony wanted Marvel to go a different way with the costume or someone working on Spider-Man Homecoming wanted a different costume for the film. Maybe Marvel and Sony don't have the rights to use costumes from each other's respective properties unless there's money to be made and they sign a contract and agree on it. Sony's not making any money off of the Disneyland theme parks and Sony's not making any money off of the What If episode where Spider-Man shows up, which is exactly why he's not wearing the right costume.  If you actually look at this concept art of Spider-Man's scrapped costume, you'll see that it has the Spider-Man Homecoming logo in the corner, which means that it wasn't made for Civil War, it was made for Spider-Man Homecoming. This was the design that they'd agreed upon for the longest time, until one of the costume designers of the movie realized it wasn't what they wanted anymore. They were so early in the production of Spider-Man Homecoming that they had changed the script and now they're at a point where Peter Parker is a cute, huggable, soft aesthetic boy and this more drab official looking superhero costume maybe doesn't fit his image as much. So they scrapped it and they got rid of it and replaced it with one that is critically worse.  If they kept this costume, I think Spider-Man Homecoming still would have held up the exact same way. In fact, even better.   So if Peter's point in Spider-Man Homecoming is that he wants to escape to be a superhero, you should give him this more superhero-y looking costume. Not these red and blue inflatable footy pajamas.    Everything. Spider-Man comics? Boom.   Is that Wells? Got one for ya. Spider-Man costumes?     What else could they possibly do? How could this get any worse?  The video is over.


Good morning to everyone. So we are running a company called Jaisri Industries. In our company, we don't have a marketing department.  So in spite, we are able to branch out across India and 20 other countries. That's what I'm going to share in 10 minutes. So this is what I want to say. Here is the proof. Being a small, you can do big things. You can be a big dealer, big leader. And this was case analysis. The same, I used to say, like, inspiring innovation, degrading youth. Maybe a lot of youths are here with the bald head. It's no problem. Now I'm a doctor, Arunachalam. Recently, I got a doctorate from a medical university. That was missing. They never told. And so then what we are marketing is the magical stuff. We are not marketing any product. We are marketing a solution to this problem. 90% of women in India, they are not using silent repair. But many people are thinking, if the women are not using sand repair to poor women, maybe she's going to use a rag cloth. But in our experience, we saw they're not even using a rag cloth. These are the stuff they are using. Saw dust, dried relives, newspaper, ash, even sand are the private part. So while I'm talking this, now I'm a corporate lecturer and I'm talking about women personalizing. Don't think I'm a gynecologist or a doctor. Next is a warning. Still out. I don't know the vocabulary for so chachary, chachary. I'm a school dropout. I studied only eighth standard in the Verano language. So this I'm giving a warning. Then I will make English into tar-tars or something. So it's getting permission. So OK. Then so just try to identify this child. Not Jackie Chan or Jetli, Arunal Sabhasnagar, it's me. So what I want to say, nobody ever predicts what the child is going to be in the future. His father, mother, astrologer, palmist, even gurus, swamiji, nobody ever predicts including my lover and the wife. So what I want to say, see here I'm a proof if there is parents, please don't underestimate your children. If you are a teacher or a lecturer, don't underestimate your students. Even you don't have rights to underestimate yourself.  Where is now? OK, fine. Then this is my presentation. I usually use a blank slide. That way I never change for the last 18 years. Recently I gave a lecture in Unilever in London because of the Unilever mandatory some colors left and right. Then I asked Paul Munter, what is the meaning of this color? He says, Muruga, even I don't know. So what I want to say, born as a Hanlimi was a son in down south of Tamil Nadu in a very small city. Then my father died in a road accident. My mother became the character of the family. To support my mother, I dropped my schooling. Then I became a workshop helper. Then I learned welding. Then I became a welder at the age of around 24. I'm having a small workshop, my own. The moment you are having a small business age around 24, what is next? Even after seeing many men they are suffering, it is very difficult to manage. Even knowing everything, I also did the same mistake. One day I got married. That too it is arranged marriage. So from the day one, without a formal MBA from any institute, I'm managing my wife and mother at the same house for the 20th sexual year. Many manage they failed. Then I saw one day my wife adopting an hygiene method. Then to help her, I tried to make an affordable pair. Yesterday I told it start from my wife. Then what I'm talking, the menstrual, the hygiene, is nobody ever talked in many countries around the globe. It is a taboo. It is a social, it is many things. Because I'm doing this, I faced a lot of troubles from my family and everything to whom I tried for this low cost sand tripad that madam never understood me. One day he got some misunderstanding because one stage I used medical college girls. She thought I'm using this as a trump card to roam around medical college girls. Then she separated, I sent a divorce notice. Then whenever I'm asking about feedback the women used to give me improper. That's why one point of time I used sand tripad myself. I wore a sand tripad but where can I go for uterus? I met an artificial uterus in a football border. I filled animal blood, I tied on the hem. There's a tube condition. And while I'm walking and cycling, I made a press as a dosage of blood will go there. So I did for two, three weeks but it is a very unnatural by one thing I understood on three weeks. The most strongest creature created by God in the world. Not the elephant, not the tiger, not the lion, the women. So, so any man you are having doubt please use wet sand tripad in your underwear. Send the feedback to Murugan Mathur School. Now I'm getting feedback from all over the world. I'm Dennis from Denmark, I got a heavier call on 4th day because generally men anatomy is weaker than women anatomy. Luckily the women forget be dominating the welfare centuries. Then one point of time I collected a huge snap in from the women. I researched that my mother also left from me because she thought I'd become a psycho. Then one point of them the whole village come out of story I'm becoming a vampire in the evening drinking girls blood. That's what they want to chain my both legs and I'm sending a holy tree upside down. Or they want to chase out. Then I ran away from my village. Then I understood the raw material. Again the challenge you need a multimillion dollar machine. Then I spent another four and a half years on this simple method given by God only method to do any new thing including your marriage trial and error. I adopt this method for another four and a half years. I met this machine then again a problem. First I face problem from my family. Then after inventing the machine I face problem with French bird man speaking English with whole body. No OII. Because they never thought they're having a confusion what I'm going to do with the simple machine against Procter and Gamble, Johnson and Johnson, big, big multinationals. That's what whenever you're unable to debate with your superior, your wife or mother-in-law don't debate with them.  That's why I took the first machine from the Tamil Nadu to Madhubani in Bihar. Nobody know in the world. This is the world's first micro level santa napkin making industry. Earlier you need 300 to 400 millions to start a factory. With few thousand dollars a woman group is starting. No one know outside the world works at Muruga. Then it became a miracle. Then I started making machine giving to rural women. Then I set up the machine on the hilltop. I took the machine and donkeys back. So this is the place, the back view. To reach this place, Johnson and Johnson will take another 25 years. Muruga Nandam is already there. This is called rural marketing. Okay. Then anything you are trying in a business or entrepreneurship, you have to brand then the word next will come in your mind, retailing. I don't know how many centuries people are doing. Then suddenly all the jackmas, everybody's lot of making noise on retailing. How Muruga is competing the big giants in retailing and retailing, Muruga's model is detailing. Even I'm here not to give a preacher lecture to detail what I'm doing, how I did what I did. It is very, very important for a leadership something.  If you're unable to answer your son's questions, you are getting bored, you are going to be a failure father. So this was very, very important. Out of this method, we created around 1024 local brands that brands are competing the multinational brands. That's why I'm sharing my knowledge with Paul Pullman of CEO Unilever. And the black coat is Sanjeev Mehta of Indusan Liver Ltd. handling seven countries. Finally, Muruga is in middle. Then it's happening Seattle on his invitation. So then what do we need become a leader? So don't look an opportunity. Very much you needed to become a leader is a problem. Find out a problem and give a solution. So far, 4,000 forum missions set up and recently I got inspired leadership award from the performance set in London. This is the body is found by Fortune under the company CEOs. Finally, they caught on 30, Muruga, you are the winner. Then I'm sitting with World Bank Jeremy and answering one-to-one and eight standard dropout with the World Bank chief, Jeremy. Then I hugged by all multinational. Kumar Agas, what is your turnover? 140, no matter. So no matter the billions, but the cost you are doing is very important. Only three Indians were there, the champion today and Ajay Baga of MasterCard and he's recently in New York. So nearby is former prime minister of Australia. So I'm the time under motion for the person on 2014. The master of social impact creator so far is 50 of those women got livelihood and more than 23 million women we shifted from managing method. And the vision is creating a million rural employment and converting India into under 100% from the less than 5%. It's this called pink revolution. So this is a view, think beyond just marketing, being small you can do your big thing, can be leader, truly matter in here. Thank you very much. I said 20 seconds to Raju, 20 seconds, yeah. Thank you very much. Thank you so much. Thank you very much.