Welcome everyone. This is SIG Scalability Introduction and the Deep Dive. And I'm Marcel Junba. I'm software engineer at Google and also SIG Scalability member. Unfortunately, Wojtek won't be presenting with me today, but hopefully he will join for the Q&A session. He's senior staff software engineer at Google and SIG Scalability TechHit. So first of all, let's start with what do we do as a SIG Scalability? There are five different main areas that we are interested in, starting with defining and driving scalability, definition and goals. Once we have those goals, we are interested in monitoring and measuring performance of the Kubernetes. So we have goals, we have measurements. So now it's time for improvements. Basically, with those measurements, we can find some bottlenecks and drive those performance improvements in Kubernetes. And those performance improvements can happen in two different ways. Either we just contribute to Kubernetes or we coordinate with different SIGs to make it happen. As you can imagine in Kubernetes with each version, there is a bunch of new features added. So what we want to do is also protect Kubernetes from any scalability regressions. Last but not least, it's consult and coach, community members about scalability. Imagine you want to add some new feature to Kubernetes and basically before you start implementation, it might be worth to consult it with us to make sure that there is no any obvious bottlenecks from scalability point of view. And the most important, it's to not to confuse SIG scalability with SIG autoscaling. It actually happens quite often. And yeah, we will go through those five different areas and during this presentation. So let's start with defining what actually Kubernetes scalability means. If you ask average user, okay, so what do you want in terms of scalability? Well, they will say scalable clusters. But if you ask, okay, but what does it mean? Well, most of the users unfortunately don't know. So maybe let's look back at the history of Kubernetes and Kubernetes 1.0 was released in 2015 and officially it supported 100 nodes. And this number changed over time. It was 1,000 nodes and then in 2017, 5,000 nodes. So you might ask, okay, so how much nodes Kubernetes supports right now? And the answer is that this number didn't change at all. It's still 5,000 nodes. So you may ask, okay, well then SIG scalability, what were you doing during the last four years? Well, it turns out that scalability is not just the number of nodes that Kubernetes supports. In fact, scalability is something that you need to analyze in many more dimensions. To give you a few examples, number of nodes is just one of those dimensions. We have a bunch of other dimensions like number of namespaces, number of secrets, services. And if you have number of services, then for each service, what's important is how many backends do you have per service and so on. So based on those dimensions, what we would like to do is define save zone, scalability envelope, which is a save zone. And by save zone, what I mean is that if your cluster is within the save zone, your cluster will be happy. But again, what does it mean that the cluster is happy? What is the save zone? We will try to define and explain that in more details on the few next slides. So maybe let's start with, what does it mean that cluster is happy? And here we have two key concepts, SLI and that's a lot. SLI is service level indicator. Imagine that you have cluster and you're interested, for example, in pod startup latency. Pod startup latency is the time, how much it takes for pod to be running since it was scheduled to particular node.  So this would be actually SLI for pod startup latency for your cluster. And on top of that, what we do as a six scalability, we add threshold to it. And for pod startup latency, let's say it's five seconds. And this is basically SLO. So we can think of SLO as SLI plus threshold that should be satisfied. And in six scalability, we have a bunch of different SLOs. Few examples like API call latency, already mentioned pod startup latency, different types of networking latencies, like DNS latency. You can find all those SLOs that we support as six scalability on our GitHub page. So maybe let's see how the definition of API call latency looks like. It will be a little bit simplified version. You can find full version on our GitHub page. But basically API calls, we would like to divide them into two groups. One will be write calls and 99% of write calls, we would like to have latency below one second. For read calls, we would like to have, it's a little bit more complex. If you are just getting one object, like let's say you are getting pod, then the latency should also be within one second. But if you are trying to, for example, list all the secrets in the namespace, and then it might take up to five seconds. On the other hand, if you want to list all the pods in your cluster, all the secrets across all the namespaces, then this type of requests might be quite long running up to 30 seconds in total. So yeah, and remember that it's 99%. So you can always be unlucky and in this one percent, and basically your request will take longer than that. Okay, so we have, I think we have pretty much good understanding what kind of SLOs six scalability provides. How do they look like? So now we can actually define what does it mean that cluster is happy? So cluster is happy when all of those scalability SLOs are satisfied. And based on that, we can have this kind of like framework and that if you promise us that your cluster will be within save zone, then we can promise you that all scalability SLOs will be satisfied. But we still didn't discuss what's the save zone. So if we want to compute this scalability envelope, it's actually impossible to compute it precisely because there are multiple different dependencies between dimensions, which are quite complex. And obviously it's changing all the time. But instead of trying to find like this precise scalability envelope that you can put whatever configuration of cluster you can imagine and then get output whether you are within or not. What we can do is actually approximate it. And we try to approximate it by set of limits. And as mentioned before, we have one limit that it's number of nodes. It's up to 5,000 nodes. Then what we have is number of pods. Number of pods should be less than equal 30 times number of nodes. So we can think of it as 30 pods on average per node. And for example, other limit that we have is number of services, which is 10,000. And all those kind of limits you can find on our website. So at the end, what happens is that if you have cluster we are probably interested in those limits. And if they are satisfied, then we promise you our scalability SLOs will be satisfied as well. So now we need to make sure that actually for this scalability envelope, those SLOs are satisfied. And here we have scalability testing infrastructure. We will start with cluster loader. A few years ago, actually we didn't have cluster loader and our scalability tests were purely written in GoLang. You can imagine how hard it was to actually maintain those tests. And since then we developed cluster loader, which is really great. And you can basically bring your own YAML with test description. And the test description consists of states in which you want your cluster to be in. So you can have multiple states. You can also specify how to transition between those states. And during this whole testing cluster loader also is gathering bunch of measurements. So he can make a decision whether all scalability SLOs were satisfied during this test. Except for that, cluster loader also provides a lot of extra observability for debugging, which we will actually cover later. You can find all those features in our per test repository, which has also implementation of cluster loader tool. The other tool that we commonly use is Cubemark. Maybe it's not tool, it's actually cluster simulation. So in the scalability envelope, you saw that we support up to 5,000 nodes. And testing cluster consisting of 5,000 nodes, it's quite expensive and time-consuming. So instead of having actual 5,000 VMs, what we are doing is we are creating something we call hollow nodes. So here what you can see is, okay, we have three actual VMs and each of this VM is running multiple hollow nodes. And those hollow nodes kind of simulate regular nodes. The difference is that if you schedule some pod on a regular Kubernetes cluster, it will be actually running. But here if you schedule it on hollow node, then Kublet, which we call also hollow Kublet, will only say, okay, I'm running this container, this pod, but it will not actually run it. So this allows us to run multiple hollow nodes on one node and each of those hollow nodes is actually running three containers. One is Kublet, the other is Kub proxy and a node problem detector. So those hollow nodes connect to master and this master is fully functional. So basically we test this master and whether all the SLOs are satisfied with cluster loader with our cluster loader. The only problem with this kind of setup is, yeah, but how do you actually deploy those hollow nodes? So this becomes a little bit tricky because let's say you have hundreds of nodes and then you want to run those hollow nodes on those hundreds of VMs. Well, running multiple containers is something that actually Kubernetes sold. So those hollow nodes are scheduled and scheduled basically by separate master. This master is responsible only for scheduling those hollow nodes and running them on physical machines. And that's basically it. So we have two masters. This master is not being tested. And to give you some examples, I mentioned that, yeah, we support 5,000 nodes. We also have 5,000 nodes tests, but using Cubemark, instead of using 5,000 cores, we are actually, we can use 700 cores and kind of simulate 5,000 cluster, which is really great because it allows us to cut down the cost but also iterate easier. If you can imagine that there is regression that happens only from time to time, let's say one in five runs, then with Cubemark, we can easily run 10s basically of those runs to find this issue easier. So now we will go to observability and debugging. One of our best tools for visualization is Pervdash. It is really great because just satisfying as a law is not always enough. Here you can see example of pod startup latency and we can see, for example, the blue line is 99%ile of pod startup latency. And on the X axis, you can see different runs. It's around 100 points. So I would say it's like three months. And you can see that, okay, we had around four seconds, four seconds pod startup latency. And then it decreased, I would say on average, it's around 360, let's say. 300, sorry, 3.6 seconds. So from four seconds to 3.6 seconds. And the question is, was it some kind of scalability improvement? Actually it was regression that we found then we fixed. But we will talk about it a little bit later. So Pervdash basically analyzes all those runs and allows us to compare different runs, different SLIs, but also let's say CPU usage of VM or memory usage. So it's very useful for finding regressions that are not necessarily violating SLO. Except for that for each run, cluster loader has ability to run chromatic use within your cluster and gather multiple metrics. For example, CUBE API server metrics or at city scheduler and so on. But also if you are running, for example, DNS latency test, then you can configure it quite easily to also scrape metrics from some DNS pods that are making requests to check what's the latency. And with those metrics, we have pretty, pretty nice setup of Graphana that allows you to quite easily check what kind of API calls, for example, were evaluated in what part of tests and so on. Except for that cluster loader also automates gathering, profiling data. It's basically a CPU, but also memory and mutexes. And once you are running the test with cluster loader, what happens is then at the end, you also are getting bunch of profiling data, which comes in handy when dealing with a CPU regression or memory regression on Kubernetes master. So now let's go to scalability tests. What kind of tests we have? We have periodic tests. That's our, these are one of the most important for finding regression in Kubernetes. We have release blocking test but also non-release blocking tests. For release blocking tests, we have performance tests. Performance test basically tests all those SLOs for two scales. One is 100 nodes and 5,000 nodes, but also we test correctness. So correctness is not only if all the SLOs were fine, that's the purpose of performance test. In correctness, we also check if it's actually functional. So maybe I will tell you a little bit more how the performance test works. So I would say that the performance test, you can kind of have three main stages of performance test. Let's say we are starting with empty cluster and the first stage is to actually load the cluster. So we have the scalability envelope and we are trying to maximize all those dimensions that we think should be in save zone. And once we do that, what happens is that the next stage is scaling up and down different deployments, updating demon sets.  And the last stage basically is deleting all those things. And we test this in two scales, 100 nodes and 5,000 nodes because 100 nodes sometimes help us to pinpoint exact commit that broke Kubernetes. And 5,000 nodes are run only once a day. For non-release blocking, we have different tests starting with Cubemark that I mentioned before but also storage and benchmarks. One of my favorite benchmarks is actually Golang compiler. So what we do is we took a performance test. We kind of fixed all the dependencies except for the Golang compiler. So we are taking basically one Kubernetes version, all the dependencies are the same. And what we are changing is we are compiling Kubernetes with newer and newer Golang compiler. And we are checking whether there's any regression introduced by Golang. And this is super interesting because actually in the past, we had a bunch of different regressions caused by Golang. Except for periodic tests, we also do have press submit tests. This is only basically performance test on the scale of 100 nodes. And we are running those press submit for Kubernetes. So if you ever created PR Kubernetes to improve something and you have this bunch of lists of press submits, one of them is our six scalability press submit. So how are we protecting scalability of Kubernetes? So first of all, we do have test grid. Everyone, it's publicly open. You can go there and see, okay, so what's the status of performance test at scale or what's the performance status of scalability test on scale of 100 nodes? And it's basically one of the first tools that we use for protecting our, protecting Kubernetes from scalability regressions. And the thing is that scalability is very sensitive. So we've seen regressions coming pretty much from everywhere. As I mentioned before, one of the examples is Golang, but then also operating system, controllers, API machinery, scheduler at CD Kublet. And what we do is we either fix by ourselves or we try to add to other six. So I would like to tell you a little bit more about two regressions that we prevented in 122. They were pretty interesting. One is pod startup latency regression. So I was actually showing you this regression in Pervdash. The difference was around half second, let's say. And this regression was really interesting because by itself it didn't break our tests, but due to the Pervdash we were able to find it. And what happened was that the number of goroutines in Kubernetes increased twice. Normally we have around 500,000 of goroutines running in API server at scale. But after this change, which was related to some improvements to priority and fairness, the number of goroutines jumped to one million. And all of those as laws were still satisfied, but we saw that pod startup latency 99 percentile significantly increased. So we basically debugged it and fixed the issue. Except for that we had really interesting other regression, which was really tricky because one of the features was introduced also to PNF. And it happened to be that bug was found in totally different place and the priority and fairness was only a trigger for this bug. The idea was that you have some periodic calls in API server like updating leases of nodes. And by default they happen every 10 seconds. So if you have 5,000 nodes cluster, then you can on average have around 500 updates per second. And if those updates are evenly distributed across the whole second, then it's fine. But some changes in priority and fairness cause those 500 or even more calls to kind of like synchronize. And this synchronization is really bad because the load was not spread evenly. So this was very interesting. And that's one of the regressions that we also fixed recently. But also we are driving some scalability improvements and let's go through three of them. So the first one will be efficient watch resumption. Efficient watch resumption is really great new improvement that helps you with upgrading your masters. So as you might know, if for example, Kubled wants to get secret or config map, then what it does, it's making get call, but then also it's making watch call. And this watch call basically should be kept alive all the time. But when the API server really starts or you upgrade it, then unfortunately this watch couldn't be resumed. And this was huge issue because let's imagine that you are upgrading your cluster and then all those watches break and then all 5,000 machines are actually trying to get what they want at the same time. And this can quite easily overload API server. So efficient watch resumption actually fix the issue where the watch can be resumed. Except for that, we are working with different seeks on priority and fairness. We are constantly improving it, also from scalability point of view. Like first version, for example, priority and fairness was not distinguishing between get calls and list calls. Also, as you might think, those watch calls are also important in Kubernetes. So we also added support for initialization and things like that. Basically we are working with other seek teams to make it better and better to have better reliability of API server. And the last but not least, immutable secrets. So immutable secrets actually reduced the load and potential load that API server is receiving. Going back to the same example, if you have POT and this POT is using some secret, what happens underneath in Kubernetes is that, first of all, Kubernetes is Kuglet specifically is getting the secret from API server, but then it also watches for any possible changes. In most cases, those changes never happen. And because they never happen, then it doesn't make sense to keep this watch. So this introduced immutable secrets that help with reducing number of watches and reducing load on API server. So if you want to get involved, here is some links. You can find our homepage, but also you can join our Slack channel, our mailing list. And if you want to get involved, then you can just ping us on Slack or just maybe you can check what kind of issues we have in our repositories with getting started or have wanted labels. And yeah, looking forward to it if you are interested. So that would be all and thank you for attending. And now it's time for Q&A. Thank you.


So she she has this big conversion, but in terms of this statue, it's a little tiny thing, isn't it? Do I remember right? I think I've seen it in Spain. Okay. I remember it slightly bigger, but but it's not a life size. Yeah, it's not a big thing. Yeah, and but but somehow when she encountered that statue, you know, it's the it's the Eche Wilmo is the statue where Jesus has been scourged. And mocked and and the crown of thorns has been placed on his head, read in his hand and pilot. He's pulled out in front of the crowds and pilot says, behold the man. And so it's the humiliated, mocked, beaten, abandoned, denied, betrayed Jesus. And I go ahead. So, you know, he this Jesus who suffered so much is the threshold into mental prayer for Saint, Saint Teresa of Avila, Saint Teresa de Jesus. Now, and when you say threshold, I think so she was wrestling with prayer. You know, she did read the book. It did help her. She read these other texts that you describe. She was fluctuating in and out. But in my mind, what helped her and correct me if I'm wrong, what helped her to have this encounter. So, you know, there might be some people out there thinking, well, gosh, I sure love that kind of an encounter. In some ways, the progress of mental prayer, let's say from discurses, like thinking about the text in Jesus in scripture and that sort of thing. From that kind of prayer to affective prayer where then the, the, I wanted to say the emotional component, because what is happening in our mind actually reaches our heart and begins to spill over into our humanity, right. And then, but this, would you put this in the category of affective prayer and experience in that kind of deeper meditation, let's say, or is, or do you put this in the realm of a mystical vision kind of an encounter. Well, it can be many things at the same time. Yeah. And so we make these distinctions to try to understand different kinds of graces, but the way they, the graces are communicated to you, they're kind of multivalent realities. And so I think probably when, you know, when you're dealing with a statue, you're dealing with a form of prayer that is called composition of place, exterior composition of places. When you have a beautiful work of art that's before you, that moves your heart to devotion. So it's a sacramental, you know, and so she was dealing with a sacramental and that's that's certainly at play here. But her experience of this sacramental went over and above what a sacramental usually does. The love of Christ, who suffered for her, all this humiliation so that she might be able to have a friendship with him. Her bridegroom, all of a sudden, wasn't an idea or an abstraction, but another, a real person before her vulnerable. And he was inviting her, her vulnerability invited her to be vulnerable with him. And so there's something of a mystical grace there. There's something, perhaps there's something extraordinary there. There's definitely something affective that you've said, but something that has also entered into her imagination and stamped her intellect. All this kind of fires together in this moment where another way to look at this grace is, you know, what's her response to this grace? It's compunction, you know, she's pierced to the heart by how much Jesus and his vulnerability has loved her. Well, this is the highway, the pathway into the heart of the Father is to be pierced by the revelation of his love and the suffering of his son. Yes, she said in her autobiography, I've seen clearly that it is by this door that we must enter if we wish to sovereign majesty to show us his great secrets. This door is of course meditating on the humanity of Jesus. What does it mean? So we've been, obviously we're using Teresa of Abel as the backdrop because this was, you know, such a huge part of her conversion and very much a part of your life and my life in terms of her influence on us and all that we do is quite significant. But what is, what is, what does it mean to meditate on the humanity of Jesus? And I think, of course, it begs the question, as compared to the divinity of Jesus. Okay. Well, okay, if I, if I could back up because this is actually going to answer your question, but you know, this isn't a, this is a very vital question. Can you contemplate the divinity of Jesus without his humanity? And the answer is no. We only know his divinity through his humanity. That's how God has chosen to reveal himself to us. But, but to back up a little bit, what was the doorway that helped Teresa enter into the humanity of Jesus? And, and I'm speculating here. And so this is an area people could disagree with me, but I think it was the death of her father. If you read the life, you'll discover the father began to go to his daughter to seek spiritual counsel. And she actually, because of reading the spiritual alphabet was pretty conversant with the spiritual, with mental prayer and the practices that sustained it. So she gave him that information. He took it to heart and began to live it. And, and one day in one of their conversations, he asked her, you know, when this happens in prayer, when this happens in prayer.


So why are millions of people still going to bed hungry and millions of small-scale farmers still living in poverty? While the reasons are complex, one of the many critical issues to be addressed is food loss and waste. Around 14% of food is lost before it reaches consumers, while 17% is wasted at consumer level every year. This also means less income for farmers and fewer opportunities to improve livelihoods. Where is it all going wrong? One reason is the lack of effective cold chains, which in simple terms means keeping food fresh from farm to fork. Perishable foods must be kept in a cool, temperature-controlled environment throughout the journey from production, aggregation and storage, processing, marketing and distribution, all the way to our place. This temperature-controlled supply chain of food is called the food-cold chain. But cooling technologies can consume a lot of electricity, still largely generated from fossil fuels. Some continue to use ozone-depleting substances, ODSs, or hydrofluorocarbons, HFCs, which are powerful greenhouse gases. Today, cold chains contribute towards around 4% of global GHG emissions, which impact climate change and food production. Lack of access to food-cold chains impacts food security, livelihoods and limits access to markets. Without sustainable cooling solutions, our health, food and livelihoods are at risk. So what's being done to improve the food-cold chain? In 1987, nations came together to sign the Montreal Protocol to help save the ozone layer. This involved phasing out ODSs in various sectors, including cooling technologies. Under its Kigali amendment, nations committed to phasing down HFCs while also addressing energy efficiency issues. And in 2019, the Rome Declaration called on governments, organizations and private initiatives to collaborate on building sustainable food-cold chain solutions. FAO and UNEP believe this can be achieved by improving access to energy for cooling along the food-value chain, developing and gathering data, improving technical capacity, updating policies, implementing efficiency improvements and financing new business models for upscaling. Sustainable food-cold chains will help us work towards the SDGs by creating a healthier planet, supporting farmers and fishers' livelihoods and ensuring more nutritious food reaches everyone's plates.


I would certainly say that a lot of people out there, within both sides of the community as in the LGBTI and the non-LGBTI side of things, could do of just meeting in the middle and just taking life a little bit less serious and just chilling out, having a little bit more fun with it and embrace the whole situation. It's time to move on together and I think as soon as we can bring the two sides together we've got somewhere to go forward with.


Hey guys shabber one thousand here today We're gonna open up this box and see what we got in it. I think it's gonna be pretty cool I got something else show you that's really neat. So stick around. Let's see what's going on here Okay guys, so the first thing I'm gonna show you if you watch monkey's channel you've probably already seen this I got her a new reel which Was supposed to be my reel Because I was looking for I was looking for a 33 a vintage 33 was up to 33 a classic anything like that Well, I ran across this thing. It's not it's not vintage. It's not classic. It's brand new It is a bite alert. Okay, so I was showing her this and She said whoa, man, that's pretty cool. That'll help me to let me know when I get a bite I'm like, yeah, I see you want one. She's like, yeah Yeah, go ahead and give me one. It's 20 bucks $6 shipping or something. I Got the look and it's the only one that had It's the only one I can find except one other one through Zebco, which was 60 some dollars Okay, 66 bucks or something like that So ordered it for she got her yesterday This is a cool thing. There's a little switch here now Man this thing feels smooth. It feels nice. Okay, there's a string. I don't know if you can see that But there it is. All right, so If you get a bite a little tug on there, that's what it does it lets you know you've got a bite Now I wanted one just because they're cool. I know when I get a bite, but anyway, that's monkeys I'm gonna be putting it on her on her rod Now now this is mine and I did find a vintage Zebco 33 which was 16 bucks, I think Plus almost $10 in shipping so it was about the same amount as hers, but here's mine just an old Just an old Zebco 33 now this thing's in pretty good shape. It's got some wear on it But it's in really good shape and on the bottom. Can you see that? Says made in the USA Right there made in USA. All right, so this thing I've been looking for one of these for a while These things are just great all-around reels now. This one is also a Zebco 33 But it's it's just it's plastic This one's metal with two rivets It's just I don't like it. So I'm gonna put my string on Here, so let's check this out If I remember right Inside here And there was one of these for 20 bucks About the same thing It was metal on here for 20 bucks and it was It was in horrible condition. So Okay, so it's got a cover lock on it right there. I'll have to Loosen that screw to take the cover out of or take the cover off of it Let's go ahead and do that. A monkey's already got line on it So I think for her review, I'll leave that line on it. I think it's 10 pounds Something like that So I'll just leave it on there. Now. This is what I was looking at right here There's a little pin there. Can you see that pin now that comes out like that when you wind the string now over time I've had a bunch of these. I love them over time. It'll get a little Like a little cut worn in there from your string. Okay This one's in perfect condition as far as that goes The other one that I looked at for 20, which wasn't in this good of shape They didn't have they didn't have the cover off of it. So I Was like no, I'll just go with this one It is it does have bearings in it and the way this works This little lock this right here Right in there. I don't know if the camera's picking it up. I'm in the sun I got I got a hood coming for this thing in a new lens because I broke mine I'll share that to you when that comes in see a little lock there What this does is when you turn that see the lock comes out that little tab right there and What that does is it holds the cap on Okay, it just puts pressure on that and holds the cap on so I think it's Like that. So it just puts a little pressure on that cap. So the cap does not come off on you And the back comes off real easy Wow, it's it's very good shape in there all metal gears. I love the drag on these things There's the drag so you don't have that little wheel up on top.  I mean these drags are real They're real sensitive. Okay, so this looks like it's oiled up pretty good. I don't think I'm gonna have to mess with it So I'm not going to and this just goes on. There's two little Haves there and it just goes on like that Okay. All right, cool now What I'm gonna do I hope My neck's not hitting the mic. I'm sorry about that So I'm gonna go ahead We're gonna put mine on here And I'm just going to wind this up off of this Into my reel For now because I forgot to get new string But this this string is not that old it'll be fine. Okay. I'm just going to cut my hook My hook off here got Bruno in the boat. He's right behind me He won it outside today. It's a beautiful day So I'll sit this over there put my knife away Now I want to take go ahead and take this all just Just loosen that she keeps asking me Well, it fit our rods. Well, they fit our rods Fit any rod That's universal. Okay, and she asked me again I think those will fit our rods I guess I I think they will And you just put the new one on there And they're just like that I'm gonna screw that back in there The rods ain't too bad. I mean for cheap Walmart stuff They're okay. It's not my favorite.  See this is real thick.   That's not a veil guys. It's a bezel And I'm just going to just going to make me a slipknot right here This might take a second. I don't want to say it's just I don't know. It's just going to make a slipknot Just got to be tight enough to start winding because I mean if you get down to that far And that fish is still going with it You're probably not going to get him anyway guys Keeping on my batteries these uh These wireless mics I got they're phenomenal They're awesome and I love them But they sure do go through batteries, but they are They are the professional grade so See I keep hitting These lapel mics you know I keep My beard and my chin keeps hitting it. So I'm sorry about that It's a little breezy Well, I really really have to sharpen this knife man.  I'm just going to slide this slide this over here like that Pull it tight Not that tight Fail all right, let's do this again. Let's do this again Put it in there I should have said Just pull it snug not tight Just snug it up like that. All right now. We'll want to take our bezel Not well, I called a veil for years. My dad kept wanting us a bezel sign. It's not a veil Veil is on an open face So Then as I got older as like he's right. That's not a veil Veil flips over, you know, like the wedding veil flips This is a bezel just cover something up All right now I'm just going to put a little pressure I'm going to hold it right there just kind of like I'm winding in a fish winding reeling in a fish and it'll come off the other reel See And I'm just going to transfer it over to this one. I think I'll leave hers Hers is pretty strong. I'll see if she likes it better I put the yellow on so she can see it better We'll just have to see whichever one she likes better is yellow is 40 pound I know you're not supposed to put 40 pound on these things, but it's fine But we'll just have to see what she likes And we'll go from there whichever one she likes I'll leave on for So I'm going to go ahead and transfer this over And then we'll hook it all back up. Okay guys, so I don't have a hook on here, but I do have a sinker on here.  I'm on the other side of the road over there Uh, not even trying That's a good 25 to 30 yards These things just cast nice and smooth I wasn't even trying So if you got a piece of chicken liver or some bait on there These are good bass fishing poles or reels man. I'm telling you make sure there ain't a car coming Here we go Whoa, that's way over there. Oh, yeah, that's definitely that was definitely 30 yards without even trying And if you just want to flick it if you don't want to go too far I know you guys probably can't see where it's going, but you can just um, you know, just give it a little And you can stop it with your Thing there so you don't get hung up in a snag Oh, I love these I love these reels man. Oh, yeah I wasn't even trying that's a good 50 yards anyway that That went on the other side of the road up there Almost to that that pole. I don't know if you can see that pole up there in front of Jerry's house there So I love these things I'm real happy with it. I think I need to put a little drop of oil in these here because I hear one of them kind of like Whistling a little bit and the drags on these things are awesome. So I usually set it to where It takes just a little bit to pull it out and then if I need more as I'm fishing You know, then I can turn that back That little knob back as I'm fishing Depending on the size of the fish, you know, so there we go All right One more cast, right?  There we go Maybe a carp not a car It'll take out somebody's windshield. That'd be pretty embarrassing and expensive But I had to order I dropped my damn camera when we was camping. So I had to order another lens That's why it looks so funny because I got a filter on it. So I had to order another UV filter not lens The filter and it's also I got it in a kit with the hood that plastic thing that That uh, well, it's rubber. It also keeps the lens flare down. So Oh, yeah, that's way over there. That is out there boys. Come on. Oh, yeah, cool That was just in the nick of time All right, so I'm going to put my hook on here And then I'm going to set monkeys up and we'll give it a couple casts and see how it does Okay guys, we've got monkey set up. Well, that's a that's pretty looking good Pretty good looking rod and reel there. Also, you can change this from Right handed to left handed if you want.  I'll tell you That cast as good as mine Reels nice Of course, it's mono filament, you know always does cast in real smooth I may go with that on mine.  I didn't hear that hit the ground. It did man Well, she cast this thing this ain't no joke You can adjust the sensitivity on it High and low. I'll put it on high for Let's uh Let's turn this on again here Now when she gets a bite You know, it'll do that it also lights up for so at night, you know, I mean, that's that's a little tiny tug Because she has trouble seeing her pole, you know This does have one of those for the uh For the drag One of those wheels. I really don't Like them as much It does work pretty smooth though. There we go All right Well hers is done. I'm going to put the hook on this I'll be right back with you guys If I can find another one of these I'm going to get me one of these too. So I'll be right back with you Okay, guys I wanted to throw this in here real quick a fun fact um The Zepco 33 Came out the I'll read this to you the first model 33 were introduced Excuse me in late 1954 or early 1955 At that time the company would still have been using the name Zero hour bomb company. Okay, that that's what they went by If you look them up, um, you can find them online Old ones that they're expensive. They're around 50 75 bucks But they're they're from the early 50s and like from the 40 from the late 40s. It's still You can look them up under um Zepco zero hour or Zero hour bomb company um In 1956 The name Zepco was officially adopted Zepco still produces a model 33 to this day. It is however Very cheaply made in china, which is true. I showed you the new ones. We just got not long ago and I just don't like them Um, but mine as you can see made in usa Um, but so that was just a fun fact. It's hard to date fishing reel like that So I don't know what your mine is Uh, I had a similar one that was bought brand new from an old gentleman that I got a yard sale He still had to receive from the damn thing. He bought it at uh um What's the name of that place? J.C. Whit was it j.C. Whitney Out of a magazine. No, not j.C. Sears and road buck. He bought it Sears and road buck Uh in 1967 And that thing still worked like like brand new. Uh, I think he gave like a dollar 75 for Um, I think it was on sale But uh, he bought it brand new Um, I use that for many years I I don't know what I think it got I think it got stolen. Yeah, I believe if I remember right it got stolen So just a fun fact. So I don't know what this one is because they used that same The same that same style for years and years and years even up into the 80s except in the 80s Now they they weren't metal. They didn't have the metal Foot on them. They were plastic. They were all plastic in the 80s. I know because I bought one in 80 Seven or 88 and that's what and it was new then it was brand new So I don't know. I'm guessing maybe 70s ish right in there Is what I'm guessing this to be maybe it might even be late 60s Like I say you can't there's no numbers on him. You can't you can't tell Sometimes you can tell by looking at the gears and things like that, but It's fine. I don't care. It's I love it. So anyway, fun fact.  So still haven't taken this off Uh, I like the real now. I like hers a lot too. Um, that's uh And I kind of like the pink rod you can really see it real well after dork But that's just a good looking a good looking setup. She's got there. So I got her hooked up Uh, so hopefully I think one of the biggest problems she has is And I hate but You know teach his own right She'll get a text. She'll be looking at a text. I'll be sitting there watching her pull like that And finally I'll say hi, she'll look down at her pole Oh Uh, and she's also got to get she she won't um, she won't set the hook by You know wait until it's going and giving it a yank what she does is she'll go She'll The pole she just takes the pole because I'm like, no, you got a yank and set that hook So she'll learn or she's like she'll see a bird She'll be watching a bird or looking at the sites and join the weather and whatnot.  He's low But uh, hopefully, you know, it'll give her The the warning she needs that she's getting a bite because that's real sensitive. So that's pretty cool So that's about all I got for you guys today. So tomorrow stay tuned for some fishing weather providing and providing she don't have a lot of patience tomorrow Uh, right now. I don't think she has any so if she don't have any patience We're gonna go even if she has one or two, I'm sure she'll want to go Maybe we'll do some night fishing And that's also good because she has to keep turning her light on And uh, because she can't see her pole as well as I can see him I can see mine, but hers is really good to see but She still has trouble after after dark, you know seeing her pole So hopefully this will really help her after dark, you know, tching tching And it'll start going off and she can reach down pick her pole up and be ready for it. So hopefully this will help her So anyway, there you go. Monk you're set up. I'm set up We're gonna fish tomorrow guys. So yeah, thanks for joining me. Appreciate it Uh, I thought I got right now, but um, so we'll do We'll do a full review on these tomorrow And maybe I'll cast hers out a few times See how it how it does see what uh, if I can find another one for 20 bucks I'm buying it. I don't I don't care. I'm buying it. Uh, because like I said, there's 60 or 60 66 bucks Through zebcoe, uh, man, it it feels smooth. It feels right Uh, especially with monofilament monofilamental line is as always casted smooth it winds in smooth It's just not as strong as the braided as like I said, this is uh This I think is 10 or 12 pound test And it's it's thicker Than this braided line. That's 40 pounds.  And there you go. Now you're having trouble casting that so But you know, like I said, I got I put 40 pounds on these and the reason why I went with 40 pounds Is really not to catch a 40 pound fish. It's because you know, we do a lot of river fishing here There's a lot of snags. She gets up in the trees and stuff And with this stuff, I can actually pull the tree limb down and unhook it. You know what I mean with that 40 pound So that's why I run 40 pound on it. But we'll give her a shot with the uh At least with her. I think it's 12 pound. It's 10 or 12 pound test, which is plenty.   We'll just see how she likes it and uh, if she does I'll just I'll get her You know, maybe some 18 pound tests or 20 pound tests But because I think she's she's getting about her cast and she just got a She gets way too far back like just a cast. You don't have to just you know 10 and 2 10 and 2 I had to worry my ex one time As a teacher, you know, she'd been fishing before but kind of like monkey and I never really fish fish She's like, well, how do you get that to cast so smooth because she'd be like Just pretty much throw it right in the water five feet out from her. She's like, how do you do that? So I told her, you know, you hold that button All right, you started about two o'clock when you get to 10 o'clock, let it go. All right She's like, okay All right, so now give it a cast and get her all baited She's looking good too, man. Just just perfect. She gets a 10 o'clock and she's let's go the whole rod Through the rod right into the lake. Oh my god She's a what you said let it go. I said I meant the button release the button So I started going to the truck and she's like, where are you going?  I'll be back He's mine. Don't throw in the water Come back mines all tangled But yeah, I said just when you get to 10 let it go.  So I think she'll I think she'll like it and um That way she can get you know better at fishing. So she can catch big fish and bring some big fish in and uh, hopefully um When the fish start hitting good once the river goes down and stuff when fish starts hitting good We'll do a catch and cook.  So stay tuned for more videos like that And um, so I'm going to go ahead and go and get off here and get in house for it's a little cooler take Bruno in and We'll see you guys soon. Shea Bear the myth man legend. Thanks for watching monk.


Hi everybody, it's Sam at Mixed Up Craft. Thank you for watching my tutorial today. I'm going to be showing you how to make a Joy Fold card. So it's basically this and this. So this piece folds in and that piece folds over the top. Now I saw this on a channel called For the Joy of Paper. It was eight years old so it's a pretty old tutorial but basically she just said that it's called a Joy Fold because you have this piece in here that folds over this piece here. Now she doesn't have hers as a Z Fold which I've done. She just has it like that so if you just imagine that's one piece and then that piece goes like so and like so. So it's entirely up to you how you want to put this together but I want to show you both versions because I think that does look really nice as well. Now if you want to make my way then it's a piece of 12 by 6 so obviously you would be cutting into 12 by 12 card stock otherwise if you want to do the shorter way then it's a piece of 9 by 6. So yeah because you're just doing from there so that's the 9 inches and that's the 6. But I'll talk you all through that in a minute but I just thought it was a really nice fun fold. It all folds flat into a 6 by 6 envelope. This is using the beautiful Dovecraft Sweet Moments papers and Decoupage which I've done on the top there so you can see it's all erased. Really really fun, really cute card and I've put some Nouveau drops on there as well. So let's get into the video. Okay so this is the collection which you've seen me use a few times now. There is a stamp set as well which I've used inside. I just used the Happy Birthday there. They're the stickers which I still haven't used a couple but I haven't used as many as I thought. This is the 8 by 8 paper pack. Really really nice. Lots of cupcakes and just sweet treats and flowers and gingham and just all that kind of stuff. So I've used most of the pattern papers now. There's some cupcakes left there and another there's the roses that's what I'm using today. So that's that one and then the Decoupage. Dovecraft do a really lovely Decoupage range. I've used these for a long time and I've got the Sweet Moments. I've got Beach Life. I've got the Christmas ones. I've had ones before that as well and they're just really nice perfect toppers and you've seen me make gift tags with these as well which I will link in up here because again there's so many different things that you can actually use with the Decoupage kits. But I've gone ahead and already done my topper so this is my one that I'm going to be doing for today's card. You can see there how lovely that one is. This is the matching, no it's not the matching bows actually. These bows are from the sprayed flowers by Decoupage but I thought it matched really really well so I've used that one. Okay so for your card base, first of all if you want to make the Z Fold version like I have then you need a piece of 12 by 6. If you just want the shorter version because you don't have 12 by 12 cards then you need a piece of 9 by 6. Okay no matter what size you've got in the moment along the long side you want that you want it in this orientation so if you've got the 9 yours would be up to here and then this is the 12 inch. Okay if you've got the 9 you just want to score at 6 inches and that's it okay. If you've got what I've got here now um 6 by 12 then you want to score a 6, flip it over and score a 9. We flip it over because you're going to be folding in opposite directions so now I can fold, do my normal card fold so if you've got either size you'll just do that normal fold and you will just now have this 3 inch piece here okay. Now anybody that's doing my one you'll fold that back on itself and by flipping that score line you won't get any cracking and now you've just got a normal Z Fold card okay so that's how you do that I'm just going to burnish those lines a bit more. Like so and then for the other piece that will then go in like this smaller card okay so this would be the same size no matter what you what card size you had before this is a piece of nine and a half by four and a quarter and along the nine and a half inch side you want to score it four and three quarters and then just fold and burnish that one there and this is just a mini mini little card size. Obviously you can shrink this card down to whatever size you want but basically now that will sit inside here in the middle and then that will go over the top like so just bring that up you can see there okay it kind of looks like a bit like a gatefold card at the minute or a Z Fold card okay so that's that then for all the mats and layers so for your top part so this is going to go on the top of this card that's stuck inside this is the front of your card so you can see there mine's going to sit perfectly on that one so you need two pieces because this piece is then going to go inside where you'll stamp and write your message so the white you want two pieces of four and a half by four okay then I've just put another layer on top here this gingham green gingham here if you want to do that depends on what your topper is but that is a piece of three and three quarters by four and a quarter okay so that's all the measurements for that and then for all your mats and layers so this is the big mat to go on the very back inside there that what white piece is five and three quarters squared then the pattern piece on top is five and a half squared okay so one piece and then you want two pieces of these which are going to go here and here but it depends you may want to keep it plain like I showed you on this one here if you're just doing one half or even a z fold you want to keep it plain that does look nice like so so it's entirely up to you when you come to your mats and layers just play around and see what you want to do but these are two and three quarters by five and three quarters for the white and then the patterned on top again is two and a half by five and a half it should be yeah two pieces okay so that's everything there that's all the scoring does just pull that away okay and then it's just the matter of sticking everything down so first of all you want to stick your large mats and layers onto the back this isn't directional paper because they're all just facing odd ways so I'm going to stick that one down there first like so and then these ones here now so you want to make sure you've got your fold in that position this one's going to go like so and then this one is going to go in here so they're both inside you might want to do the other sides as well it's in again entirely up to you so again I'm just going to get those stuck down okay so they're all stuck down so now you can see what you've got there it's actually a really strong card as well because if you think about it you've got three layers on all of your sides there so if you are again using maybe a weaker card stock to start with this would still work well because you'll be obviously adding strength to it with all of those mats and layers so now you want to add in this next card so this is going to stick this back piece here is what you want to stick into the centre of this card here so I'm going to stick that down first of all okay so just make sure you get that all nice and even and lined up when I have equal sides on the top bottom and the left and the right there like so and then it will open up remember it's got to open up the opposite way like so okay so now that will be like that and when it folds over this one again it should have a nice equal border that it does on that one and you know you've got it all lined up then you just want to stick down your inside so I haven't stamped mine yet because this one just says tea time on it the other one did have birthday I believe this one would work for you know just maybe just a nice little letter card you know just put a little message in or a little thank you card so I'm going to leave the inside free now until I decide you know what I end up using it for again just sit that inside and you'll have a nice equal border and then I'm going to fold it all in and then with my topper that's already finished so again just stick that down making sure you've got a nice even border and there you have it a really really pretty card I love this fold and it's it I mean it's a very simple fold it's a very common fold it's just adding that other card in the opposite direction for some reason it becomes a joy fold card so there you have it so if I just bring that up now so you can see but again if you've just got that one piece then yours will look like that and again obviously if you've got the paper on it or not it's up to you but I think they look really nice they can go and it stands up nice as well there you go so you know the side profile looks really good there as well so yeah there you have it so I'll bring in the other one this one's still a little bit wet because I've put the Nevo drops on it oh with love so no that could have been for you know any kind of card actually but I did put the happy birthday in that one but they have it two very pretty pretty quick cards so I hope you've enjoyed today's card making tutorial if you have please give me a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel to see more thanks for watching bye


Speaking of big news though too, we are here today with some of the most incredible leaders in public safety. Something we often think about just as police officers and sometimes we add firefighters. But really public safety is about ensuring that we are a resilient city and state. One that can adapt and react to anything that heads our way from fires to floods and what we are unfortunately well known for in this town, earthquakes. In 1769 the group of Franciscan explorers, including Father Juan Crespi, came just a few hundred feet away from here and walked up alongside the banks of a river that they discovered. And there where another river, today's Arroyo Seco, intersected with the larger river they made camp. They took communion in that river. They said it reminded them as Franciscans of the small church in Assisi that St. Francis had built called the Porciuncula. And they named the river El Río de Nuestro Señora la Arena de Los Angeles de Porciuncula, which has thankfully been shortened to just LA these days. But that was where this city was born. But that night if you look at their diary, they said that day two earthquakes visited them. Two earthquakes visited those first explorers who put down the name of this town. So from the very beginning and of course for the native Tongva who were here before, earthquakes has been a part of our life here in Southern California. But today we take another step forward to continue letting people know what they can do to prepare, to react, and to rebuild from when Mother Earth shakes our city and our state and why we are here for the 10th anniversary of the great Shake Out Drill. And it's a privilege to not only mark that history, but to make history. That history has been tragic at times for us, but it's also been heroic when the best of Los Angeles has come together. For close to a century this magnificent structure has made history and will do so again today because at 10.18 a.m. as millions of people across the city, state, and country drop cover and hold on. We're going to activate our pilot earthquake early warning system installed right here in City Hall, becoming the first public building in the city to be equipped with this breakthrough technology. Now this milestone has been made possible because of the power of partnerships, first and foremost between our state and our city. We are so proud to be part of the Shake Alert pilot program as well in conjunction with our extraordinary federal leaders too from the U.S. Geological Survey and early warning labs. As you know we've had a great partnership even having folks from the USGS detailed for the first time we think in America to a City Hall when Dr. Lucy was here helping us think through how to make our buildings more resilient. And the leadership of USGS has been absolutely critical to the work that we have done over the last five years. This is the first of two early warning pilots that we're advancing as we work to get this life-saving tool to the public as quickly as possible. And so together another partnership with USGS and AT&T we're developing as many of you know an earthquake early warning app for your phones and smart devices called Shake Alert LA. And over the next several months the smart phone based application will be tested with city employees ahead of a public release at the end of the year. By advancing earthquake early warning technology we are making Los Angeles stronger we're making Angelenos safer and it will help save lives most importantly by giving people those precious seconds to stop elevators to pull to the side of the road and to drop cover and hold on. All that will not happen the first day when we launch but together with the private sector we will build the software and the hardware that will allow us to be able to anticipate and react to an earthquake before we even feel it here. It's a wonderful clock that goes off. That's a gift from the people of our sister city in Japan. I'll try to speak through it because I always hit that button quite loud. But anyway we pushed through the limits of technology because here in California we see the power of the possibility because we are a resilient city and Angelenos are resilient people. So every day we are communicating with Angelenos this is not just the job of government this is not just the job of the state or the feds this is your job where you work where you live protect and plan for an earthquake. We want to give you the tools and the resources you need to build a better life and then to protect that life when disaster strikes. Like so many of us this is very personal for me. When I was in college I left town the day before the Northridge earthquake. I also missed the riots by a day so my parents told me to stop leaving LA. But I'm from the valley and I saw from my dormitory room images from afar of so many things and so many people that I loved uprooted and felled in a cloud of dust. But the bonds of community were so tight in this city and when you think about almost a majority of Angelenos weren't alive when that earthquake hit now given how young this city is. But we saw communities endure people that didn't pack up and leave but who stayed and together we helped rebuild this city. So when I became mayor I know that it's a tough call it's easy to kick the can you just pray and hope the big one won't hit you but you do nothing to prepare the next mayor or the next next mayor and the city for the day when it inevitably is going to come. So when we looked at that we made sure that we created this historic partnership together with USGS Dr. Jones with the folks that came in here from the building sector people who were structural engineers and we put together a plan to move our city forward proactively and strategically not to just be jarred into action by the next big quake. I'm proud of what we accomplished so that we don't just survive but that we also thrive here in LA and to date I wanted to just update you briefly that we have retrofitted a record number of structures that would be vulnerable when the big one hits. More than 1,100 soft storage retrofits have been completed 6,700 more have already submitted their plans for retrofits and 2,800 of those have received permits. So we're talking about thousands of buildings containing tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of Angelenos that we are addressing what can be achieved tomorrow but we're also focused on what we can do here and now. And this past March we released what the Rockefeller and a hundred resilient cities folks told us was the best resilient city plan Mirsa Ho who is around here there she is right there in front of me our great Chief Resilience Officer give her and her team a round of applause because a lot of hard work went into that so thank you Mirsa. This plan is a resilience strategy featuring actions for Angelenos to take in advance of inedible shocks and stresses from earthquakes to flooding to climate change and the plan is filled with actions that you can take today so I encourage you to check it out you can go to lamayor.org and read more about it engage with our Office of Public Safety and meet and talk with our Chief Resilience Officer to see what you can do in your business in your community or in your residents and take some time today I hope all Angelenos hear this loud and clear take some time to talk to your family today this isn't just about practicing what you do when the big one hits but making sure what you have prepared in your home do you have a plan of where you're all going to meet in a digital age do you have an analog plan because while part of the work that we did is about sharing bandwidth and allowing us to make sure that we can do the best to communicate with each other there are scenarios that are so big that water, communications, electricity is cut off and you need an analog plan the old fashioned way of where are we going to meet where are we going to go and how are we going to survive if you also want to get emergency alerts to your phones please sign up for those text the word ready to 888-777 that's 888-777 just text ready I've already done this with my family please do it with yours and for more information on how to make a plan stock up an emergency kit register for emergency notifications and more go to readyla.org we've always been at the epicenter of seismic risk but working together we can make us the epicenter of seismic preparedness resilience and safety with that I'd like to turn it over to our first distinguished guest who is the deputy assistant secretary of the interior for water and science at the department of the interior Austin Newell who is helping us lead the way there are no levels of government when it comes to our public safety there are in a moment where everybody feels states are painted colors and people are at war with each other from the coast to the heartland I don't see that happen not here in Los Angeles not with our federal partners and not with our state partners and in the role that Austin has he oversees the USGS and everyone here knows how critical that is to our life I want to thank Austin and welcome deputy assistant secretary you will say some words thank you thank you very much for that kind introduction I'm honored to be here today as the mayor had said my name is Austin Newell I'm the deputy assistant secretary for water and science at the department of the interior I am a California native and went to college and law school here in Southern California and will be returning back home in the near future I wanted to let you know that it's been a pleasure of mine to serve with secretary Zinke while being at the department of the interior and among his priorities is to protect our people you probably know that interior as the federal agency that oversees national parks, Hoover Dam but it also oversees the United States Geological Survey which has studied earthquakes for over a century their science helps us better understand natural disasters build safer infrastructure and grow resilient communities and businesses put simply science helps us protect our people earlier this year I took part in a scenario that simulated the impacts of the eventual 7.0 earthquake right under Oakland I met so many community leaders there who eagerly embraced USGS science and were using it to prepare firefighters and law enforcement officials who must always be prepared for every scenario were very grateful but so were business leaders they foresaw that restoring services to their customers will be an important piece of any recovery the goal is to ensure that a disaster does not become a catastrophe this month the USGS and its partners including the city of Los Angeles announced the public release of ShakeAlert the earthquake early warning system for the west coast you'll hear a lot more about the ShakeAlert from others but I'd like to say two important points about it first the administration is very pleased that the state has contributed to the development of ShakeAlert we believe that a successful earthquake early warning system must be a joint endeavor between the federal government and the states and here in California the USGS is working closely with Cal OES to make ShakeAlert effective and reliable I'm confident that this model will prove useful as the system continues to expand second secretary Zinke last week directed agencies all along the west coast to expedite installations of earthquake and volcano monitoring equipment on public lands this will ensure that our public lands are put to good use to benefit all and we are as prepared as possible the motto for the annual earthquake exercise is don't freak out shake out large damaging earthquakes are a fact of life but we choose whether to fear them or to prepare for them the Department of the Interior is working to do its part to help us prepare thanks again for having me here today thank you so much thank you Deputy Assistant Secretary spoken well like a true Trojan so good stuff good to have you back here we got some Bruins here too we're very very tolerant of everybody here next up we have another really great leader who is a great friend to Los Angeles and a personal friend and somebody who I just spent a few minutes with talking about some of the work that we're doing together to make sure that our city and state have seamless operations and he has had a very very busy year as we've had wildfires that have broken records as we've seen 15,000 homes in the state destroyed he has been a huge part of not just the response but also the rebuilding and I'm so grateful for Cal OES's work as a driving force advancing in particular our earthquake early warning system here in the City of Angels so with that I'd like to invite the Director of the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, Marcula Ducci to come forward to say some words thank you Mark for being here and thanks for all you do all right well good morning and Mayor thanks so much for hosting us today and our partners that are here with us from the Department of the Interior and the USGS and the earthquake authority really all of us here today to spend some time to understand that today the great shake out our effort to be prepared when the next earthquake hits and we know the next earthquake will hit what we do cut together today as individuals as families as businesses working together that will make a huge difference when the earthquake occurs today is a time to learn and practice on what to do when the earthquake hits drop cover and hold on it's not if it's when everyone everywhere needs to know how to protect themselves protect their families and protect their businesses during an earthquake in this state we are disaster prone we have wildfires we have earthquakes we have floods it's incumbent if you're a Californian to learn to empower yourself to be prepared the great shake out encourages all of us communities organizations individuals to be prepared it helps us focus on how to survive and how to recover quickly when the earthquake happens this effort includes all of us individuals in schools business and government neighborhoods nonprofits households across the state and while we're here in Los Angeles the great city of Los Angeles earthquakes can happen all over California whether you're here living here or visiting being prepared is important and your participation today in today's drill is critical and serves as an example to others and encourages others to be prepared really you may only have seconds to protect yourself when an earthquake hits so know what to do drop cover hold on until the earthquake passes and speaking of seconds as mentioned by the mayor and the great work in the partnership interior in the USGS working with the city of Los Angeles and other cities we've been working closely to build the seconds that we need in being able to give us information prior to the shaking from an earthquake through the earthquake early warning system you'll hear more about this today but this innovative and exciting capability is really going to do a tremendous amount to not just save lives but to protect our businesses to protect our infrastructure so that we can rapidly recover following a disaster the California earthquake early warning system is being built and will roll out soon the government agencies the businesses the schools the transportation industries all of them are coming around telecommunications to be able to make this a reality for our state and it's designed to protect you and your loved ones pilot projects are being tested now throughout the state of California to ensure for a reliable and sustainable warning system this is an exciting time the mayor mentioned the app that's being developed here and the great work the city of Los Angeles leading the way bringing it an example for our other communities in our state as the mayor mentioned he and I had a chance to meet discuss some of the ongoing collaborative efforts and we are deeply appreciative at the state of California for our partnership with the city of Los Angeles and our partners at the USGS that have been doing so much work in the meantime until that system is rolled out remember what you learned today earthquakes can happen anytime can happen anytime when it does drop cover and hold on we may be having an earthquake now build a family plan build a family plan make sure you have supplies practice your drill practice your family plan the mayor mentioned ready.la the mayor mentioned ready.la go to ready.la ready.la.org right and get the great information there nothing that we do though takes the place of your personal engagement you being personally prepared you being personally empowered to take care of yourself and to take care of your family and so remember when the earthquake happens drop cover and hold on thank you very much thank you so much Mark appreciate you very much and the only reason we have a little timer here is because we have to hit the 10-18 okay so somebody who I will keep it brief somebody who I know is one of the most articulate people I know who was the brains behind our plan as I said USGS was the brains we were going to be the brawn but when Dr. Lucy Jones took my call when the Department of Interior agreed to allow her to work out of here four days a week and for us to come together to create the plan it really was the beginning of a beautiful relationship between not only two people but also two entities and something that will save lives I'm so pleased that the woman known as the earthquake lady on the radio is here with us Dr. Lucy Jones thank you Eric I'm really it's great fun to be back down here for the 10th anniversary of ShakeOut I am still trying to get my mind around the idea that this has been going on for 10 years you know when we first created ShakeOut it was to explain the results of the ShakeOut scenario because we saw that people didn't understand what a big earthquake meant we knew we were getting ready for an earthquake we didn't know what we were getting ready for and we saw that nobody outside of schools seemed to have ever heard of Drop Cover Hold On we had the Chino Hills earthquake and watched all of these people running out of their building so we decided to focus it on the drill and I'm still amazed that in that first year we got one quarter of the population of Southern California 5 million people to participate in the drill and I discovered you know when you get 5 million people to do something other people take notice I had not intended ShakeOut to keep on going but here we are 10 years later with tens of millions of people around the world participating and it's more than a drill it's more than the fact that we're all going to Drop Cover Hold On as important as that is it is the city coming together it's the whole country and even you know much of the world saying earthquakes are real earthquakes affect us and we can do something about them it is empowerment it is seeing other people taking control of the earthquake problem and doing something yourself and I first came down and met Mayor Garcetti and it was the day before ShakeOut and I came partly because everybody was doing ShakeOut but we were all focused on that one step step 5 Drop Cover Hold On well there's 6 other steps in the 7 steps to earthquake safety with some really important stuff about preventing the losses and that's what I came to talk with Mayor Garcetti about and we came together we got interior to agree we had the sharing time and the result is a relatively complex plan and now it's much more complex with all that Marisa has done to add to it and you don't solve the earthquake problem with one step there are a lot of things that you have to do and there's a lot of things that everyone has to do individual owners need to make their own buildings safe the city needs to make sure that all of the buildings are moving in that direction the city needs to help us with our water system there's a lot of different steps and partly because of ShakeOut and the awareness that it's bringing we're getting more traction and we're moving forward on all of this and now today we add into the mix of things that can be done we're adding in ShakeAlert and the ability to have a very short warning you know it really only depends on how far away you are from the earthquake if you're right on top of it there's going to be any warning maybe not a lot that you can do individually the farther away the more you get but it's what we can do and it's going to make a difference it means we can do things like move elevators to the nearest floor so you don't spend the next three days without electricity trapped in an elevator it means that we can do things that prevent fires so it's one more step and a really important one towards earthquake safety it's something we can't give up but in the last decade there has been a real change in California about how people are willing to engage with the problem and understand it and I'm incredibly proud of my city and my state and how much we've been able to do thank you thank you so much Dr. Jones next we know FEMA is always there for us FEMA in any disaster springs into action on the bad days but they're also here with us on the blue sky days standing shoulder to shoulder with our city to help us plan and prepare and so we're very pleased to have from FEMA Region 9 Brandy Richard, the public affairs officer to say some words on behalf of FEMA thank you Brandy well good morning and on behalf of FEMA Region 9 and Administrator Bob Fenton out of our region we're just happy to be here and to lock arms with state and local leaders to help people to prepare for disasters I'm hearing myself everyone everywhere should know how to protect themselves during earthquakes earthquakes can happen anywhere without warning and a huge part of the work that we do all year long is helping communities across the nation but especially here in Region 9 know exactly what to do when a disaster strikes we're here today just to emphasize the importance of being prepared and as some of the people who have spoken before me mentioned it's not just drop cover hold on the steps that you can do in order to not only prepare your home but prepare your families for disasters so we want you to know what to do next so we'd like for you to take this opportunity to follow up on the resources that have been provided to you go to readyla.org or go to our page at ready.gov forward slash earthquakes to get the specific steps that you need to take there are also apps that you can download you can download the FEMA app and more how to prepare your family for disasters so we're just excited to be here excited to see the synergy between all of these brilliant people excited about making sure that you're prepared for the next big disaster thanks so much thank you so much Brandy Richard next up we have a professor of earth sciences at USC it's a USC theme today but also the director of the Southern California Earthquake Center or SCEC at SCEC are constantly helping us to expand our knowledge of earthquakes and grateful for the fundamental and important research that has saved countless lives so I'd like to ask Dr. John Vidal to come forward who's the professor of earth sciences at USC John thank you very much so I'm director Skech the Southern California Earthquake Center and Professor USC Skech's the nation's largest earthquake science center collaboration with more than 800 scientists 70 universities nationwide we've known of the threat of earthquakes for a century yet we've far to go to understand them and even farther to widely prepare I'll mention just two examples of Skech's science first we're checking whether earthquakes come in super cycles a few decades with many earthquakes separated by quieter centuries or or more evenly spaced fairly constant danger second earthquakes recur as they recur in a cycle we're literally digging up the ground to try to find the thousand year history of earthquakes in California to better anticipate what might come Southern California is the epicenter of earthquake science because average losses due to earthquakes in California will in the long term average $4 billion a year most years are harmless a few years will be very very bad we're taking the guesswork out of estimates of our vulnerability with state-of-the-art calculations on the nation's largest supercomputers built on decades of careful geological investigation we're grateful to Mayor Garcetti for taking the lead in prudent planning for a safer future the plans will ensure that in a few years buildings will be up to standards communicating earthquake information in many partnerships is a major activity at Skech which administers the statewide earthquake country alliance created the great California shakeout drill in 2008 and Skech has expanded the concept across the U.S. and around the world now I'm pleased to introduce Mark Benthe and our director of communication who will tell you more about global shakeout participation we got only a few minutes until the drill so imagine what's happened 1018 didn't start for us it started here for us but it's been happening around the world since 130 yesterday afternoon when New Zealand when 900,000 people in New Zealand dropped cover and held on then it moved to Guam and all around all the time zones so we're not the first to be doing this today and then it's going to be Alaska and Hawaii and America's most so it's a worldwide phenomenon all along the west coast in a few minutes I think it's doing the math about 14 million people will be joining us over and hold on this was all possible because of amazing partnerships here in California the earthquake country alliance is proud of the support we have from FEMA the California office of emergency services the California earthquake authority for many years has helped put commercials on TV about shakeout helping to spread the word even new partnerships like rocket rules and earlier we had some kids from Holmes Elementary doing this great dance that I hope you get a chance to see so it's all sorts of partnerships and of course even all the people and all the organizations that are doing their drills they're taking the time to make earthquake safety a priority for at least a minute and hopefully longer so shakeout.org is where people can find out about the drill about how to participate and still to register you can still register in your shakeout drill any day of the year for the rest of the year and earthquakecountry.org is where you can find out about the seven steps to earthquake safety how you can be prepared to survive and recover when the next earthquake happens. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you Mark. You count to 14 million faster than anybody I know that was amazing. Thank you for your leadership and finally we have Glenn Pomeroy who is the chief executive officer of the California earthquake authority which helps us to keep the things that we hold so safe and secure we're really lucky to have Glenn who can tell us about their work reducing the risk of loss. Glenn Mike Fungiers. Thank you very much Mayor California earthquake authority is the state's not-for-profit earthquake insurance company for homeowners we've been around for about 22 years we've lowered rates we've expanded coverage options we now ensure over a million homes we're making progress to get more financial protection in place but we have a long ways to go I'm really here today to talk about a specific program that we're running right now that's very exciting to people in the Los Angeles area and it's ripped from today's headlines in today's LA Times front page great story by Ron Lin a headlined simple quake retrofit often ignored right down there see him there he is what's a great story and he's right it's too often ignored but the CEA we're trying to make sure that we don't ignore it any longer we formed a partnership with Cal OES and created this program called the earthquake brace and bolt program a few years since that we launched this a few years ago we provide reimbursement of up to $3,000 to people who are selected in a random drawing to retrofit their home we have now retrofitted over 6,500 homes over the last few years and mayor here in Los Angeles County we have retrofitted 3,700 homes since we launched this program and right now we're in the midst of seeking people to sign up for the next round of retrofits so 100 zip codes throughout LA County are eligible to go online go to earthquake brace bolt .com go online see if your home is in a qualifying zip code and sign up doesn't cost anything and you might be one of the 2,000 lucky winners who are going to get $3,000 to retrofit your home a properly retrofitted home isn't going to topple off its foundation as if it had the rug pulled out from underneath it when the ground starts to shake so on this day on this great drill on this shake out drill to help make sure that more of our neighbors can make their older home stronger so it's not going to shake off its foundation earthquake brace bolt .com thank you mayor I'm told we're a little ahead of schedule because we're all so good so if you have any points you didn't make and you want to come back more than happy to have that is there any Spanish media too? let me just give some general words in Spanish first and then we'll take questions until we get the sign for our young people who are there waiting who are going to be part of the drill Buenos días a todos Estamos aquí hoy para el décimo gran simulacro anual shake out para practicar y preparar por un terremoto Hoy a las 10 18 de la mañana millones de personas van a cayer cubrirse y agarrarse bien aunque estén en la casa y en el trabajo o en la escuela hoy activamos nuestro sistema de piloto aquí en el ayunamiento para recibir una alerta temprana antes de un terremoto excuse me este es el primer edificio municipal en la ciudad para recibir esta nueva tecnología este piloto es el primero de dos pilotos de alerta temprana que estamos avanzando mientras destruir esta aplicación al público lo más pronto posible tomen tiempo hoy para conversar con sus familias y seres queridos para que sepan que hacer a donde ir y como encontrarse en el evento de una emergencia o un terremoto deben juntar un kit para emergencias y registrarse para recibir alertas de emergencia gratis en su teléfono móvil solo tiene que enviar ready 888777 para más información sobre como hace preparar su kit de emergencia y registrarse para recibir notificaciones visite readyle.org no podemos esperar que llegue un terremoto para tomar acción este es el día de preparar este es el día a salvar las vidas de su familia y preparar por su propiedad gracias a este equipo nuestros líderes federales, estatales y locales estamos un equipo a preparar esta ciudad para un terremoto y hay acciones concretas que nosotros podemos tomar hoy por favor tomanlos and with that happy answer questions yes you have the first question you're good? okay other questions anybody want to do it in French? Spanish website shakeout.org diagonal español es el sitio de web o terremotos.org alright thanks everybody for coming thank you the team and I know we're going to practice the drill over there we're going to observe just so folks know, so the adults are going to observe our young people are going to be the first ones who are going to practice what we do when that alert comes this is only a drill this is only a drill thank you