Sergeant First Class Gregory Meza is an Army-combatives instructor, but today he's just another competitor at Motor Transport Maintenance Company's first grappling tournament. I like McMap as well as I like modern Army-combatives. I think both of them can complement each other. But what you're seeing right now is pretty much a traditional modern Army-combatives tournament. No matter what you call it, the fighters say they enjoy the competitive nature. Marines, we like competing. This is an opportunity to come out and share in some camaraderie with the Field Marines and try to win. The competitors were split into five weight classes, facing single elimination on their way to first place. Hopefully it's going to be on-going tradition to raise money for the ball. I mean, it's open to anybody. Some of the Army guys are here, Navy guys are here. Hopefully we'll get some airmen. Different units across the island hold tournaments like this throughout the year, bringing together warriors from all branches. Marine Corporal T. and Eagle, Camp Kinzer, Okinawa.


Hi friends and subscribers, welcome back to my YouTube channel, my name is Daniel Rosel and this channel focuses on aspects of living in Israel. Did you ever wonder how many Israelis speak English? Or where English stands in the ranking of languages spoken in Israel at the mother tongue level? As a Jewish homeland, Israel has been welcoming immigrants from Jewish communities all over the world since 1948. In fact, it's been doing so since well before the foundation of the modern state and Israel has become a linguistic, kaleidoscope of sorts in the process. It has also proven itself to be a melting pot and the backdrop for the development of a new language adapted from an ancient one, modern Hebrew. The form of spoken modern Hebrew that has evolved since Ben Yehuda pioneered its revival from biblical origins has been influenced heavily by languages spoken among immigrants to Israel, especially by speakers of Yiddish and Arabic. Other languages like Amharic, Russian, English and French all have large native speaker communities in Israel, creating a kind of monopoly of language-bound microcosms within the state. There are, for example, English-centric Facebook groups in Israel which have tens of thousands of members in them, French newspapers that are published once a week, and grocery stores where all the signage you'll see is written in Russian. As modern Hebrew is a young language and Israel is such a colorful linguistic climate, the evolution of second language acquisition and progress in Hebrew are both subjects of national interest to demographers. Therefore, Israel's national statistics body, the Central Bureau of Statistics, or CBS, includes various linguistic questions among those which it includes in a periodic survey of Israelis. In this research, it includes the level of familiarity and competence with Hebrew to assess immigrants' progress in attaining proficiency. The level of proficiency in written and spoken Hebrew are both polled, and it also polls respondents for their mother tongues to map the ranking and evolution of these different linguistic groups in Israel. The latest data was polled in 2021 and computed and released the following year, 2022, and here is the ranking of speakers according to their mother tongue. Note that the information includes only those 20 years old and older, so in a sense these numbers are backwards looking as they'll reflect patterns of older immigrants but not those who moved here at a young age with a language other than Hebrew as their native tongue. This is followed in second place by 20% of the population which speaks Arabic as a first language, a number accounted for by Israel's large Israeli-Arab and Druze demographics. In third place, 15% of the Jewish population speaks Russian as a first language and only in fourth place comes English with 2.1% of the Jewish population speaking it as a first language. If we go further down the list, we have French at 1.7%, Spanish at 1.3%, Yiddish at 1.6% and 5% you have a different mother language. Note that this data was sampled at the national level. I've been working on finding the numbers for Jerusalem specifically, but I've been having a hard time getting that information from local authorities. Maybe nobody's collected the data in the first place, maybe nobody really cares, but either way, getting anything better than rough estimates has been kind of tricky. The local data interests me because I imagine it might show a rather different picture from the national one. In municipalities with more ultra-orthodox residents like Jerusalem, I imagine that Yiddish would almost certainly be substantially higher than the 1.6% of native language speakers it's marked at in the national survey. And in so-called English speaking or Anglophone strongholds, levels of English speaking at the mother tongue level would be probably higher as well. Some of the findings pertain specifically to the Jewish population in Israel because speaker numbers in the Arabic population are assumed to be pretty negligible. An example of that might be the number of Israeli-Arab speaking Yiddish as a mother tongue. This number can be assumed to be very close to zero or zero with a pretty good degree of certitude. Nevertheless, looking at the picture at the national level, the numbers are I think pretty revealing. I would guess that most English speakers would be surprised to know that only 2.6% of the population of Israel speaks English as a mother tongue. This number translates to only about 1 in 38 Israelis. It's also interesting to me at least that native Russian speakers outnumber native English speakers by such a wide margin. In total, there are more than 746,000 Israelis who speak Russian as a mother tongue according to this estimate. And that's compared to only about 124,000 who speak English. That factor of difference works out to over six-fold. As different population groups come and go, immigrating and emigrating, these numbers can be expected to be in a state of flux. Much as with Jewish immigration or aliyah, it can be expected that the overall number of mother tongue speakers of languages besides Hebrew will decline, and in parallel, rates of knowledge of Hebrew will continue to increase. If you find this assortment of facts interesting and would like to get more videos from me about different socioeconomic issues related to life in Israel, then please consider liking this video, sharing it with your friends or on Facebook groups, and subscribing to this YouTube channel.


Never get tired of wearing this Hey guys welcome to another episode of 10 years later And we are talking about Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull the film was released on May 22nd 2008 it was directed by Steven Spielberg with a story written by George Lucas and several others and The screenplay being written by David Koepp and Lisa say 10 years later This movie still kind of blows now admittedly when I went and saw the film I wasn't under the idea that a movie or a sequel 19 years after the previous film wouldn't be a bad thing well Lisa say I was a little bit naive the film in a sense does try to pay homage to the original trilogy even though It didn't even actually have its original DOP Douglas Solacum was the DOP for the three Original Indiana Jones films his last actual ever job as a DOP in fact was the last crusade And in fact it looked like he retired until he died a few years ago So when jenice kanzinsky Presently DOP of Steven Spielberg's project for every single movie He did a lot of great camera work in terms of giving homage to what Douglas did some of the objects and Materials and parts of people that he would focus on were somewhat looking cartoonish But that's exactly what the comics like the old stories in Indiana Jones was inspired by and I like that if anything My favorite part of this movie is how it's shot. There is a lot of that Overshadow this that overly bright light that softening that's on everyone's heads that kind of comes in later in the film But it's not as overly prevalent as it is in current a Steven Spielberg films Harrison Ford is Good ish as indeed. This is a character. He actually really cares about but once the other characters like Shia LeBouf and Marion Wavenwood and Kate Blum shut start coming into the story Especially him and Ravenwood. I don't know why but it just seems that the two don't Really have that connection that they did in the first film I think that Indiana Jones's introduction to Marion Ravenwood in the first film is one of my favorite introductions of a character of all time the silhouette work Everything but in this film. They seem like seniors who are babbling and Trying to make really really not funny senior jokes. I don't know that just doesn't see that they flow Well, John Hurt is just there babbling throughout the entire movie and Ray Weinstone That's a poorly written character if you've ever seen one. He's bad He's terrible. It's like a triple agent or some garbage, but he's literally there to continue the story But for no logical means Shia LeBouf actually in fact is not that bad in this movie. He's not as Absolutely incredibly nauseating as he is now, but in this film. He's actually very subtle He works well with the other actors But apparently there was some conflict between him and Harrison Ford But of course at the time the kid was being heralded as basically being the next Indiana Jones the next Harrison Ford especially with that ending where he picks up the hat And he's almost about to put it on but then Harrison Ford grabs that of his hand and saves the industry the villains The Russian villains are still not that good The entire concept of the aliens is still really far-fetched and all the elements of this movie are in a sense just parts from the previous films and if you're wondering why There's two reasons one of them is written by David co-op And if any of you guys don't know who that is he was the writer of Jurassic Park the lost world Yeah, the really bad one not the really really bad one, but the bad one and guess what? He's apparently writing the fifth one so you can already pretty much say this one's gonna be shit, too On the other side of it Kathleen Kennedy is an executive producer if this film not to say that her Influences of what she's been doing currently with Star Wars movies was as impactful in this film But you can see that she definitely has some aspects into it There's not a much of an agenda as there is now That's kind of being permeated through the Star Wars movies this film is literally just parts from different ones And it's almost as bad as the Force Awakens the Force Awakens literally is a new hope this one is elements of the first film and The last crusade with a little bit of dipping into the temple of doom here and there I definitely say that Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull still has not aged as well as it has and it's still not as good as Everyone hoped it would be I haven't seen this movie since I saw it in theaters over 10 years ago And I'm probably not gonna ever see it again after this because that sucked anyways guys that's all for me I hope you guys liked this video if you did maybe leave a like if you're interested to subscribe I will have another one coming up next and it's actually a really really bad movie that we'll be talking about in the next episode So until then I'll see you guys next time


In this presentation, we'll record a transaction related to a sale of an investment and the gain related to the sale of investment. Time to rise above the crowd with Sage50Cloud accounting. Here we are in our Get Great Guitars file. We're going to start off by looking at our financial statements. So we're going to go to the reports dropdown. We're going to be opening up the financial statements. We're going to be taking a look at the balance sheet. So we'll open up that to balance sheet. It's going to be for the month of February. That's what we want. So I'm going to say, okay, there's the month of February. I'm going to make this large and we're going to be considering this investment now. So we have the investment in e-trade to recall of the $12,000. We're imagining that that's going to be in something like stocks and bonds. And then at this point in time, we're going to make a sale. We're going to sell it. We're going to say, hey, they went up in value. We're going to make the sale at this point in time. So buy low, sell high. That's my motto. So it went up. So we're going to sell it at this point. So we're going to record then the deposit that we're going to receive. The deposit we're going to say is for $17,000. So we'll have the deposit going up. The other side is going to be to the investment, which is going to be decreasing this investment account. And then we're going to have a gain that we're going to have to record on that. So this will be another transaction that's a little bit unusual in that it's not something that's going to happen every day. And therefore it's not part of the normal kind of flow chart that we would typically see. There's not going to be a form specifically related to this transaction, given the fact that it doesn't happen every day. Now there is cash affected. So therefore the next thing we can think about before going to the journal entry would say, hey, is cash affected? Is there a form that we want to record in this case related to a deposit or possibly we could use the check register to enter this information. Now I'm going to jump back over to our information. We're on the customers and sales now. Now if I go down to the banking section, we have our options down the banking section. We can say it's a receive money so we could enter it in a receive money from customer type form. Even though it's not from a customer in this case, it's from a sale or we can go directly into our register. Let's do that. Let's go to the account register here and I want to open up that register. I'm going to make this large. I'm going to make this for the register of the checking accounts. I'm going to select the drop down and pick the 20, the 1020, which is going to be our checking account and then I'll enter this into our system down below. I'm going to say that this is going to happen on February, let's say a second. And then we're going to say this is going to be a deposit. So this is money coming in. So it's going to be a receipt. And then we could say from investments, we could say E trade for for the reference or the sale we could say for the reference that pay is going to be E trade. The account there is where things get a little bit tricky because we're going to have multiple accounts that are going to be affected here. So what's going to happen is we have a deposit. We're going to say the deposit was for 17,000. So we need to be increasing the cash by the 17,000. And then we need to decrease what's going to be on the asset of the 12,000. And then the difference is going to be going to some type of gain. So let's see if we could use this split item. So I'm going to say we need a split item here. And I'm going to say that we had an asset on the books. So the asset on the books was an investment in E trade. It was on the books for 12,000. So this we need to be decreasing the E trade by the 12,000. And then the other is going to be going to some kind of game. So it's got to be a gain capital gain gain on investments. So I'm going to scroll all the way down and see if we have something like that. We go all the way down to the bottom here. We have the gain loss sale of assets, assets expense. I'm going to pick that one. I'm going to say that's going to be it. And that one I'm going to say is going to be 5,000. So there is the two because that should add up to then the 17,000. That's going to be going into the cash. So I'm going to say okay here and our split is in place. Then we have the payment and the receipt amount, which is going to be the 17,000. So there is that and sales tax. So what's going to happen when we do this is the deposit is going to go up by 17,000. The amount we sold it for the investments going to go down by 12,000 to zero. Then on the income statement, we should have that 5,000 income or increase on the game. Let's save it and then check it out. So we're going to say save and then the check amount does not match the total amount distributed in the split. Return to the split. That's not good. So if we go to the splits, we're going to say that we have the investments of the 12,000. And this is so it, I see what happened here. See it tried to solve the transaction plug in the 17,000 here because this amount was not yet in place. So I'm going to delete the sales amount. And there we have it. Now we should match out. So I'm going to say OK, and let's try it again. So I'm going to say save, please. There we have it. Now let's go to our financial. So I'm going to close this back out. We're going to open up our balance sheet. So let's open up that balance sheet, then go into the checking account within the checking account. We then see that 17,000. There's a 17,000 double clicking on it. It takes us to our register. Closing this back out, closing this back out. The other side of that 17,000 would be in the investment, which is now gone because it went down to zero. If we want to see it, we can go to the options up top. And we could say, why don't you show me the zero balance accounts? Because I'd like to see that one zero balance that went to zero just to see that it did what I thought it should. And so we're going to go into there. There's the investment in each rate. It's now at zero. If we double click on it, then we could see it went down by that 12,000. That looks good. Other side's going to be on the P and L, the profit and loss, the income statement. So let's go ahead and open that report back to our financial statement reports income statement. We'll open up the old income statement. Double clicking that it's going to be for the month of February. I don't need to see the zero amounts. Therefore, I'm going to remove them and then say, okay, there we have it. So there's our gain in this case of the 5,000. So we have the gain. So now we're at a gain of the 4,404 and total on the year 1,333 still in the negative. So that's going to be it. That's going to be it for now. Let's get out of here.


you know, discussion for half an hour or so, right? So it could be interesting, yeah, to exchange idea also during my presentation. So let me tell you what I'm going to talk today. It's essentially, you see the title, you know, is the challenges of the transition from, you see the funny title from AI to AI, right? Which apparently, you know, doesn't seems to convey any information, but if you look more carefully at AI, you'll see there is a conversion from, let's say, big A as more I, right? Which in my understanding means artificial intelligence where the emphasis is on the artificial component, right?  So you will see that essentially, there is a very interesting, you know, discussion that you can now have concerning the field of artificial intelligence, and especially, you know, on whether we are at this time, right? So let me briefly tell you what I'm going to talk today. Essentially, you know, I will begin discussing what the learning artificial intelligence is mostly nowadays, and the meaning, you know, of this transition, right? What could be the meaning of focusing more on the quality of intelligence? Something that, as you will see, has to do with developmental intelligence issues, and also, you know, more with laws of nature, and with another fundamental, let's say, fundamental point, which is, you know, how to bridge more, let's say, abstract representation of the world with learning, reasoning and learning, right? So bridging logic and learning. And I will finally, you know, tell you about a sort of new framework in science and technology that could essentially open.   It's a protocol of learning, which is pretty easy, right? Suppose you want to recognize, for example, a picture, or let's say, in a very simple way, you are given this character, right? And you want to understand what is the category. Oh, please be in mind that when you have a look at a picture like this, right, this is an undivided chart. At the end of the day, what you perceive, what you perceive is a signal, right? So it's a sort of electrical signal, and you can only, for example, in the brain, it comes from the retina and you have to, let's say, come up with a sort of interpretation. Something similar happens in computer. The only difference being that in computers, you know, what you have here is the outcome of a sensor like a camera, okay? But there is no remarkable difference between, you know, what is happening in a retina of the eye, or for example, a mammal, and what happens in nowadays computers, okay?   So, in nowadays, there is a lot of emphasis in a sort of, let's say, very elementary communication protocol. What you have is, you know, the machine, the purpose of which is to recognize a character, for example, or a picture, and then you have a certain supervisor who is supposed to, you know, tell you what is the information, okay? So, let me show this picture, right? So this is just an example of what an artificial neural network could be, right? So, for example, you know, look at how, you know, this is- Sorry for the interruption, but are you sharing the screen? Oh, thanks, thank you so much. It's so important to share this screen. Yeah, thank you. Yeah, sure. Okay, so let me share the screen and maybe I will also quickly go back just to, you know, summarize what I did. And maybe since a few people came later, let me show again this picture. Can you see now? Yeah, sure. Okay, great.  They want to find an interpretation. So I was telling you how, for example, a retina of a mammal could be really very similar with respect to a camera of a computer, right? Because at the end of the day, they both provide a signal, which depends, you know, on the light, right? So at the end of the day, there is, for example, in this very simple process, you see zero and one depending on whether or not you have a pixel which is on, okay? So pretty easy, right? You have zero, zero, zero, you see here. So let me, for example, you know, look at this. You have something like zero, zero, zero, and then you have one, one, right?  Okay, so that is a representational issue, right? So given this pattern, you have a representation of the pattern. And interestingly enough, there is a very simple, let's say, communication protocol, according to which what you have is that the supervisor is simply, you know, telling the machine what is the category, okay? So for example, it's telling, hey, look, this is a pattern two. And interestingly enough, you know, just like in nature, we have artificial neural meters, right? Where you see neurons, you see the neurons here.  They are connected to the input. And interestingly enough, there is a computation of this activation, the purpose of which is to compute the output, right? And to return a sort of code for the given information. And so here you have the input and learning, you know, means that there is this guy here, remember the supervisor who will, you know, tell the machine that the purpose, you know, of learning is that whenever you apply this chart here, the machine is expected to return the code that you can see here, right? So I think you can easily capture the reason why you have zero, zero, and then you have one hot here, right? So this hot output is simply the one which is encoding, you know, the fact that this character is character two, okay? And so at the end, learning means that you modify the weights, right? And the purpose of modifying the weights is to return exactly, you know, the solution. So there is an interesting, let's say, biological metaphor, right, in the learning process. So just wonder if you have any question at this time. Concerning, you know, the process. So this is a sort of artificial process, right? But it's very much inspired to what happens in biology and, you know, let's say nearly any individual in nature. Okay, so learning, you know, means that you modify these weights, okay? And in the last few years, we have seen, you know, the emphasis on deeper texture where, you know, you have a lot of layers, right? Not just one. And we have seen that if you have big neural networks, where there is, you know, the possibility of gaining more abstract representation and to approach, you know, very complex problems. It might be interesting for you to have an idea of the number of parameters that you have in nowadays neural networks. Well, please be in mind that nowadays, you know, the number of, you know, weights, look at the neural network like this, right? So you see any connection here is associated with the number, with a real number. You see, you have only one hidden layer here and in deep network you generally think about, you know, several hidden layers, okay? Overall, the number of parameters could be of the order of billion, okay? So please be in mind, you know, this number, we are optimizing during learning functions with billions of parameters.  And nowadays, you know, this is really possible. So for example, you know, in the last few years, what we have seen has been, let's say, an impressive, you know, an impressive evolution in terms of performances. You've probably heard about speech recognition, which is one of the challenging technologies nowadays. And if you look at this car, you know, this is just telling you what happened in terms of recognition rate when neural networks and especially, you know, deep learning, where, you know, deep learning means that you are given neural networks with a lot of hidden layers, right? So you see the impressive impact in terms of recognition rate and error, you know? So you see the dramatic reduction of error about 10 years ago. And the same, you know, happened for image recognition. So problems that I think you have seen and you see daily if you use, you know, ordinary services like, for example, Google or Facebook, you typically have this technology inside. So, you know, this is the time in my lecture today to, let's say, especially if you like science in a very general sense, to ask whether, you know, this evolution can be regarded as a sort of paradigm shift, right? In science, people in epistemology typically, you know, talk about paradigm shift when something really new happens. And so you may wonder whether, you know, there is a truly paradigm shift, okay? And well, what I think is definitely true is that the founding fathers of deep learning that are typically, you know, considered Geoffrey Hinton, Yanlecan, and Joshua Bangel, you know, they definitely understood that deep learning, you know, was already enough in terms of methodology for dealing with grand challenges, right? And they understood that the power of GPU and huge availability of data were already enough, you know, for facing very important problems. But, you know, what I want to tell you today is that if you really look in perspective, it could be a terrible mistake to believe that, you know, everything has been done, right? Because this technology, you know, what I want to reinforce the idea that this technology, especially in terms of methods, you know, the methods were more or less around 30 years ago, right? What we are seeing recently has been this great combination of, you know, computational power and especially GPU and huge availability of data, right? Which was not available, let's say 30 years ago, okay? So I think this is an important point for my talk today, right? It's a sort of, you know, I very much would like you to look in perspective because it could be once again, you know, the progress in AI, right? So I'm just mentioning, for example, this popular classical paper, sorry, book by Thomas Kuhn, he published a fantastic book on the structure of scientific revolution, you know? And this is what, you know, he wrote. I'm just quoting what he wrote. And so you may have a look, right? So you may ask yourself whether we really have seen, let's say, very important changes in terms of methodologies. Well, we have seen some changes, but once again, you know, the most innovative idea was the understanding of the possibility of using these methodologies for real-world applications. So it's interesting to see, you know, look at this slide here. So I'm proposing a sort of funny challenge, right?  So a guy who, in principle, can offer you a lot of money, okay, for new projects. And so the interesting formulation here is, look at what Santa Claus is telling you. Somebody told me you have got access to a lot of training data that you use for massive learning tasks, that's fine. And interesting, so you also, I've got two computational resources for learning, right? And, you know, somebody told me that learning in research labs lasts for a few minutes only or hours or week at most. Why don't you let your computer learn just like children? So that's the big question, right? Nowadays, what you have are fantastic results which once again depend on computational resources, but the learning process doesn't really take place like in humans, right? So learning process take place in labs, let's say for a few minutes, hours or a few hours, or maybe a week, right? But there is no actually, you know, a sort of, let's say, life in the environment for computers, okay? So they don't really take the opportunity of learning continuously from the real world. And so that could be a big challenge. What could be, you know, for the years to come, a new methodology and new methodologies that make it possible to achieve this fundamental task. So it's probably a matter of quality of intelligence. And that's why, you know, in this talk, I was telling you about the transition for artificial intelligence with let's say big A, so big artificial component to artificial intelligence where you have a big role in the quality of intelligence. So that's definitely a big challenge, the transition, right? So from machines which are very powerful and which exploit a lot of the artificial component to machines where the, let's say, the quality of intelligence may increase. So let me give you a few examples, right? So let me show a case where the quality of intelligence is the marketer. Look at this. Oh, it's in Italian, but, well, you can easily understand from what happens, right? So you see, we are talking about 15 years ago, maybe more. So as you can see, you see, it's pretty easy, right? This is a minestone robot, something which costs less than $300, and essentially, you know, there is a case where the quality of intelligence that matters. Okay, so this is just to tell you that we are talking about, you know, more than 15 years ago, and I can tell you that it's not just a matter of 15 years ago. This was a solution which was available, you know, about 30 years ago, maybe more. And the quality of intelligence there is definitely very high in computers because essentially we are using new methodologies for solving games that normally humans don't regular, let's say, don't regularly use, right? So it's a definitely different component of intelligence. It's not only a matter of, let's say, velocity, right? There are new methods for approaching the problem. But, you know, it is not always the case that the quality of intelligence is very good. For example, you know, in linguistic games, it is not really the case. I'll tell you of a funny challenge we were involved in years ago. This challenge on crossword.  And so the idea is that you essentially try to answer all the clues and then to fill the puzzle grid, right? And so years ago, in my lab, we collaboration with Google, we introduce a system, you know, which was capable of solving crosswords, you see? So you have the crossword here and essentially you take the definition and you put the definition, you send the definition to Google and then you return the documents on the basis of the definition. And there is a mechanism for filtering the information and ranking, as you can see here, the candidates and then you solve at the end of the crossword. So interestingly enough, you know, you can get very good results. So we were talking about 15 years ago, more or less. And so you can still find this article which appear on new scientists, right? Where, you know, they were claiming that there is this possibility at the University of Siena of, you know, competing with humans in this very challenging problem. But interestingly enough, this is an example where computer are not still, let's say competing, not capable of competing with a real expert and that's interesting, right? Because at the end of the day, the quality of intelligence is still pretty poor. When I say that the quality of intelligence is poor, at the moment, you know, computers are not, let's say, incapable of competing with humans in terms of answering properly, you know, to crosswords. What computers typically can do better is the constrained satisfaction that you have to implement when you allocate the words from the grid. But in terms of the quality of language, the quality is pretty poor. And more than a decade later, you know, the quality is still an issue, okay? And the same, you know, happens in computer vision because in computer vision, you can probably read article where people says that now computers are better than humans at recognizing and sorting images, right? But, you know, my claim here is that it is not really the case. So we have very good performances, but even very serious problems. Let me show you this example, right? So look for example at this picture on the left and this picture on the right, you see? The picture on the right has been obtained just by adding some noise here, right? Oh, apparently for humans, there is no remarkable difference if you, let's say, look at this image or this image, they are, you know, they are bus, school bus, right? Well, interestingly enough, you can attack a neural network which try to recognize, you know, this image here. And the problem is that if you put this noise, you know, you can confuse a bus for an ostrich, which, you know, it's definitely terrible, right? So it's an example of artificial intelligence with the big A and the small I.  Here is another example, right? So this is a panda, right? But if you just start this noise, you see for humans it's the same image, but interestingly enough, you know, the machine end up with a conclusion that this is a gibbon, right? Or look at this, you have this main here, right? And then suppose I start to dress these, you know, these glasses, right? And just we are proper glasses and you become an athrix, right?  And so this is just telling you that there are remarkable problems nowadays, right? So great results, but at the same time remarkable problems. The same happened with, you know, traffic signs. So very serious issue. Okay, this is just to tell you that, you know, the time has come for probably looking a different mechanism for the emergence of intelligence and there are a number of people, you know, all around the world who are trying to see how to come up with algorithms for computers when looking more at the law of nature, right? With the final purpose of better, you know, understanding the quality of intelligence. So let me just show a few things just for, you know, looking perspective. And one of the big problems that are definitely open is that, well, we need machine capable of working in an environment where there is a gradual exposition to information. Remember what, you know, I was telling you earlier, I was telling you that we very much would like to see a machine which can learn from a big stream of data, right? Just like humans and not from a collection of data, let's say for one hours, you know, or for one week. We very much like to have the machine gradually exposed to the environment and capable of learning, you know, just like humans. And the other big problem is that you also need to explain your decision. So intelligence is definitely not just a matter of learning. It's a matter of representation of what you have been learning, right? And so it is extremely important also to explain your decision. So the time has come for bridging different schools of artificial intelligence, you know, which are more focused on learning or on reasoning issues. So nowadays, you know, it's a very nice time, exciting time because there are a number of studies, for example, where you can from text generate images. So nowadays, you know, we have a preliminary experiments for generating, for example, just like in this case, a bird from its description. And this is, you know, an interesting field. How can machine generate then self, you know, a new concept? So let me just show you a perspective challenge, right? It is based on this preliminary experiment that we carried out with our students. So look at this, oh, there are students in this room with the smartphone. And as you can see, this is a sort of, if you look at the students with the smartphone, you know, it's a local screen, it's a sort of screen, right? So each smartphone is a sort of pixel. So look at this, this is the Italy flag. You see there is mostly green, white and red, okay? So of course you can localize the position and, you know, send the appropriate color to the smartphone, okay? So look at what happens, for example, now. So still the, okay, so look, this is a sort of way, okay? Similar to the polar that typically you see, you know, in during concept or soccer context. And look at, now we can also write, we will write Siena, you see S-I-E-N-A, okay? So just to tell you that, of course, the resolution here is definitely very small, but suppose, you know, you have, instead of one of the students, suppose you have thousands of people, right, with the smartphone, in principle, you know, you could define an interesting creativity loop because machines can now generate, for example, images, and you could generate images from tweets coming from, for example, people who are watching a concert, for example, suppose a rock star, okay? Who is, you know, giving the concert. And so people, and let's say the typical context where participants and fans tweet messages, you know, these messages could be collected by a computer, which could generate a visual, you know, a visual pattern, right? And the visual pattern could appear on, you know, on this screen, this human screen, right? So remember what I showed you before.  So it's a very nice, let's say, creativity loop because people themselves could see what they are generating, right?  So that's an example where you can also see how the quality of intelligence could also find interesting loops with the creativity of humans. So that's the loop, right? So the artist will send the information to the crowd and the crowd which send the information to this artificial intelligence generator, which send information to the human screen. And of course, the human screen send the information to the artist who could probably be stimulated when looking at the human screen. So just to close this talk today, I want to tell you about a new framework of competition in science and technology. So if you look at the quality of intelligence, instead of, you know, assuming that as we have seen in the last few years, right, everything is based on, let's say, on a sort of central structure, cloud computing in big companies, maybe something could change. So, you know, in this picture, you can see a sort of a brief history of computer science, right? So computer science began, you know, at the end of the 50, and then in the 60s in big companies, right? And then, you know, you move to personal computers and then to, as you can see here to cloud computer, which somehow are interacting, you know, with smartphone, right? So intelligence is, you know, either on the left or on the right, okay? But nowadays, you know, most of the intelligence is in cloud computing. And one possibility, if you look at the quality of intelligence could be that most of the information will move to, you know, smart computers as a, you know, typical, let's say, smartphone, which are, you know, continuously and increasingly becoming more and more efficient, okay? So that could be quite a natural evolution if you improve the quality of intelligence. And interestingly enough, you know, you see a sort of cycle in, you know, this bouncing between global and local evolution of intelligence, right? We began in the 60 having, you know, this big computational resources. And now after, you know, the passage to personal computer, we are back to intelligence, which is mostly at the level of cloud, but it could be the case that we, you know, soon we'll go back to local, you know, support of intelligence, especially if we are capable of, you know, obtaining and improving the quality of intelligence. Because in that case, you know, algorithm will become more efficient and it will be possible to support the intelligence in, you know, smart, smartphone.  Okay, so here is more or less a list of items on what I covered today, but, you know, the major message here is this transition from concerning the quality of intelligence. The transition on the quality of intelligence, in my understanding, you know, it could be extremely important for the evolution of societies, not just in a matter of technology, it could be a matter of, you know, better establishing the relationship between, you know, humans and companies and, you know, maybe this is a way of improving also the control of where the intelligence processes are located and especially, you know, the problem which we have been continuously experimenting, which is essentially due to the accumulation of big amount of data just in a few companies. Okay, so thanks a lot for, you know, your nice, for your kind attention. And of course, I would be pleased to talk with you. Of course, it's definitely very difficult for me to understand, you know, what's your background and so please accept my apologies for a talk which may, you know, I'm not sure could actually be accessible, but there are a few things that I very much like to emphasize and that one is please don't believe that, you know, everything has already been done.  It could be the case that it's mostly a matter of quality of intelligence. The quality of intelligence is an issue which is, you know, covered in science nowadays. It's not very well perceived outside. A lot of people, you know, believe that everything is now in, you know, in the hand of big companies like Amazon, Facebook, Google, and it's definitely true, you know, from to some extent because they have fantastic technologies, but please be in mind the major message today is that the technology they have in terms of methodologies, you know, are essentially rooted in achievements that in artificial intelligence where, where let's say studied 30 years ago, more or less. So that's the main message, right? And, you know, things have been moving fastly and it could be the case that for the years to come, we will see new transitions, right? New strong transition. So that's the point. And as you know, when you, new evolution and new solution in technology arises, you may have a dramatic change, right? In how things have been moving. And the major message here is that, you know, unconfident we need to address the access of data and the sensitivity of data, you know, how data could be handled in a more confidential way, right? How you could better respect the privacy. This is an issue, especially in Europe, right? Less important probably in other, you know, in other places of the world, but I'm not sure that on the long run, you know, this will be negligible. I think that this would be an important issue because this technology, you know, are used everywhere. Okay, so thanks again for your attention and it's time for, if you have any question, of course I'll be pleased to answer. And most importantly, you know, you can keep my reference also for, you know, discussing later, right? So you can just drop an email to me if you'd like to discuss and to, you know, know better what we have been doing in Siena. Thanks again. I see also Piero here, right? Piero, you are here, right? Oh, no, maybe Piero is not here. So let me see, no, Piero, yes, Piero is here. So. Yes, yes, I'm here. Okay, so I just wonder if there are no questions, as I said, I'll be just pleased, you know, to in case people want to contact me also, you know, you can just, you know, drop any mail. Let me put my mail in the chat. Okay, so as for any additional information also, you know, what we have been doing at the University of Siena in this field. Well, you can have a look at this lab. Let me see, okay. So that's the link of the lab where, you know, we work at the University of Siena. This is my email and okay. And in addition, it could be also useful to put another link, which is probably the most important one because the University of Siena we recently federated a number of labs that are involved in artificial intelligence at different levels, right? So if you go at this link, right, you will see about 25 labs working in the field of artificial intelligence, ranging from laws to medicine to the field of economy and of course in core technologies like machine learning and computer vision, natural language understanding and mostly applications in the field of medicine. Okay, so have a nice day. And I, you know, I hope this could have been useful for you and I see additional information from Thiero in the chat. Yes, I want to remind, I want to remind to the students, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, Marco. Yeah, sure. I just want to remind the students who want to know more about in general, our university, our courses, our programs or any other information. They can write to our email address. I just copied it in the chat or an appointment or a meeting one to one through the website, the portal, this portal. They are, and they are looking at and that's all, that's all. Just a different information. Yeah, thanks Pierre, you know, this is important because, you know, it's just showing at the more higher level, you know, the kind of interaction you may have with our university. But please feel free to, you know, in case you become more curious in this field to drop an email to me. And, well, you can be in touch with students, for example, of our lab and it could be maybe sometime even more interesting and useful than let's say talking with me but of course I'm available. So you can just click on this link on CN Artificial Intelligence Lab and you will see a number of, you know, PhD students who enjoy artificial intelligence. Okay, so have a nice day and okay, Pierre. Yes. That's all, right, today? Yes, right, right. You can close, if there are no questions, you can finish, you can close the recording and thank you for your participation and your availability. And thank to the students who came and see your very interesting speech. Yeah, and of course you are welcome in Siena. Bye, bye, thank you. Thank you, Professor. Oh, you're welcome. Okay, I have the slide today. Should I mail you to the email to ask for the slide? Yeah, sure, sure. Let me just drop an email for me at this address. Okay, so you see the address and yeah. We'll send an email directly to you, okay? Thank you, Professor. You're welcome.


We have Lisa listen here who is ready for her Tell her down below me if you don't know her as Laura to Spain and she's been just awesome this week as a captain She's keeping everybody motivated and been there's first support and it's been wonderful And then next to her is Amy Johnson Crow who is going to be our week that we kick off tonight Everybody's saying hi down there now in case you're new I recognize most of you But in case you're new I'll tell you a little bit about wiki tree It's a community of genealogists who are working together on a single family tree In other words we collaborate to grow an accurate global tree that connects us all and it's free The wiki tree challenges our year-long event and part of our year of accuracy where each week a team of wiki tree Rehears gets together and takes on a genealogy guest starstree and Collaborates to make it more accurate and complete than it is anywhere else our goal is to improve our accuracy Make more family connections and make more friends, which we definitely have this year This week we've worked on the branches of Lisa listen of are you my cousin and here's Laura to tell you what we have found We found that there were several ancestors that included slave information in their probates and one of our team Team members created space pages for them and hopefully this will help descendants find their ancestors Wow, that's wonderful. Yeah, we've had our black heritage project take off on wiki tree And you know, that's one of the things that they're focusing on is helping people to make those connections because of course those ancestors are so hard research You got it Laura. Hey. Yeah And then we had another space page that was used for people with the surname Scott that had resided in a million Virginia And it was kind of a mini one-name study that looked at census records chance Land transfers and other sources and this will be a valuable information This will be a valuable information That should help with future Scott researchers and all these space pages are listed on the space page that we use For listing resources and brick wall ancestors. Yeah, and you'll get a link to that Lisa So, I mean, you know, we were talking a little bit before we went on air about how some of the areas that your family was in Are challenging to research, you know, so We we all had to be a little bit creative on some of them and think outside the box And this was one of our team members that this is how she addressed it She just looked at every possible record that had that surname, you know So she could go through and try and link them and and we've got some really great people that that worked on your team That's a great idea. Oh That's my great-grandmother Yes on Esther Lee Richardson's line Her parents were found To be Rachel Hill pain Your fourth great-grandparents Her marriage record showed that her father was Joseph Hill who married Sarah Weldon And it said that Joseph Mary was born in Pennsylvania and then Later lived in Pennsylvania County, Virginia. It sounds like we're sounds cutting out Yeah, he he married in Pennsylvania raised his family there in 1820 there were 10 people in his home Unfortunately, those senses did not list names So the children still need to be found That's a beautiful picture of the Pennsylvania courthouse. It is it's it's it's a beautiful one definitely That's that's really that's really interesting to hear where that I knew that long that hill on kind of was there But I didn't know really much further back or anything back Well, and you really didn't have people from Pennsylvania in your lines for you know, the ones that we tracked Yeah, no not really and This on your winter for Davis Haley line the Judas Scott Wayne Born in 1795 she died in testate Her children fell out over 88 acres of land that she had owned and the chance story proceedings ran for 139 pages The course sold the land they appointed a receiver to divide the money Which well she died in 1874 and the proceedings continued until 1882. Oh, wow She was one of your fourth great-grandmothers that I'm near the end of the pages that were written in 1880 by W. E. Nichols requesting that he requested that the money belonging to Mrs. Wayne be sent Soon as they will want it before Christmas Well We all have those ancestors don't we? It's unfortunate to see though when the kids, you know, don't get along after the the parents have gone Yeah, I probably have a few of those out there somewhere This chancee records are really cool. I love the chance rate records And William Mayo he was on the same line one in 1684 And he was a famous man who surveyed the dividing line between Virginia and North Carolina There seem to be some dispute about whether it is William Mayo or another Who had also been in Barbados? That line appears to go back through Barbados to the Mayo family in Wiltshire, England But there were no migration records that were able to be found But there are parish records to support the given line Wow, so that gives you a really interesting one to follow up on. Yes. Yes. I had no idea that one went that long The family Yes, yes, I'm Connie maize Howard's line There was a Wonderful family Bible found That her that your your fourth great-grandfather John Shepard had given to his daughter, Elizabeth and it lists His birth in 1798 and it continued on until the latest entry The last entry was in 1899 in his handwriting and then it contained age from 1894 to 1917 in a different feminine handwriting Wow Yeah, that one's great That's amazing because that's that that's that lawn from a illegitimate ancestor. So, yeah, that's I didn't know that was out there That's fabulous Yeah, there's quite a quite a few pages to that actually and I imagine it's Elizabeth that wrote, you know, the second half of the dates Yeah, cool. Yeah and This is on the same line Mm-hmm. Her parents the parents were proven to be Harriet Melinda's Judd Mm-hmm. Her father's will listed her with her married name Her parents are now known to be William Judd and Elizabeth Solomon There are now more than 50 new direct ancestors after Harriet Wow, wow, I knew there were probably a lot out there that name this but those names are so prominent in the area I had never gone after them That's amazing and we are Mary Dalrymple Mm-hmm. I And exciting discovery was made regarding Excuse me. Your fourth-grade grandmother Mary Dalrymple Mm-hmm. Uh, you well, you knew that she was born to Scotland in 1799 and that she married John Shepard But uh, I don't think you knew that James Dalrymple and Rosanna Dowd were her parents No, I didn't have Well, now you have four new direct ancestors after her Wow That's amazing Yeah, I really because I didn't know hardly anything about that lawn because when nobody on the family knew about that much about that lawn um Yeah, and we actually had one of our Ireland Scotland um experts Work on this and she just dove in it and worked on it all week But she said she probably you would still be working on it after the week was done Because she was another one. That's like I can't get this done in a week. It's just not gonna happen I think yeah, that would be a lot. Wow. Well and by my past just released all those new scottish records. Yes Okay On maddy v. Maddox's line andrew let Was witnessed to a neighbor's claim against the united states government according to Lurie barrels of flour 20 barrels of corn 44 barrel gallons excuse me up syrup 15 chickens and 200 pounds of fodder because they were taken from nehemia dickens with no compensation or voucher For the by the u.s. Army The claim was filed as disallowed oh, man and Andrew's father is believed to be james isham let And there are four new ancestors on that line now They were so good. I think that i think that james. Excuse me. Laura. I think I just wanted to interject I think that james isham though is being disproven Um, I think there's a little bit of conflation going on there So there's some good notes on the profile for you on that one, but okay go ahead Yeah, yeah, yeah, because the andrew let has kind of been us. We've kind of all stalled at that one southern lawyerless made a claim a more than May 22,000 Claims for property loss is totaling over 60 million However, only 7,092 claims which was about 32 percent were approved for settlement totaling 4.6 million They they resided in the 12 states in a rebellion at the outset of the us civil war Who suffered losses during the war? They they could apply for compensation through the southern claims commission. There is a space page with claims made By anderson thomas who was very much against the war Yeah, and you know that it was interesting I mean, you know that the armies sometimes, you know union or confederate took took whatever it was that they needed But a lot of times they did give the tokens and so when we first saw the the disallowed claim We were like, okay, but why and andrew let if you haven't seen that paperwork You know was just a neighbor once again But but the guy had like five or six people that went in and testified to how loyal he was, you know And what an upstanding citizen? And then they had a bunch of other people come in and testify about how much stuff was taken And then it still said, you know, it refused they refused the claim But then we found the statistics on that how um, there were just so many of them that never got reimbursed You know compensation Now we have a lot well myth I got I got it. Laura. We have a lot And he applied for a homestead exemption in Surrey, North Carolina In 1869 he received a homestead exemption for a track of land not really big 60 acres Along the waters of the Mitchell River adjoining w. R. Wilmuth, which is most likely his son William Richard Wilmuth and others and He also claims certain personal property and basically what he was doing was homesteading it so that His creditors couldn't come take everything You know if he died and he was trying to set something aside for his kids So I just thought that was touching, you know Because we we looked at a lot of the farmers and stuff that were in that area around that time You know and there was hardship There was a lot of hardship and they were working really hard and they could still barely, you know Take care of their families So just the fact that he thought of this to try and you know nowadays you would think of it but back then To try and make sure he had something to give to his family while he was gone. I thought that was really great That is interesting Okay, and it was determined that lot Wilmuth's second wife Martha Francis Potter Was the direct ancestor and not listen to snow Lots of parents proved to be Ezekiel Wilmuth and Mary Riggs There are now well over a hundred new Ancestors on one of the new ancestors One of the new ancestors was Edward It's really it's Riggs who were an immigrant At one of the original planters at Milford, Connecticut Wow, I didn't know it I didn't know I had anybody back in New England um I mean, I knew the wellness I think it was the wellness who came down from like New Jersey But I had no idea I had any anything else anybody else that are You know, I was just an explosion I mean once it connected, you know, it just it attached to a branch that was already well Well research now I we were a little disappointed though We didn't get to do all the snow ones because it was really fun, you know finding ice snow and frosty snow and They had some family names They really did my favorite was somewhere in there. There's a snow white Okay on Stella Faye hollyfield's line valentine holly Holyfield We say hollyfield He's commonly confused cousin lewis valentine hollyfield Could not have led to they couldn't have led more different lives. They were two different people because while valentine spent his life in surrey county and served as a private in the confederate army From 1862 to 18 from 1861 to 1862 He was captured at the battle of ronok island Lewis became a postmaster in orleans polk county, missouri and served in the union army Before settling down in mcgummery county, kansas Extensive research was done on the two valentines There are notes on the profiles and nice timeline of his life His parents were thought to be valentine hollyfield and sally wotten In the u.s. Civil war valentine served as a confederate soldier in company b of the second north carolina infantry battalion Wow And this the person the main person that was working on this You know, we all work together on different things But the main person working on that that one actually You know kind of played down while the parents are thought to be but he did extensive extensive research And he actually tracked down like every descendant and where oh this one wound up in kansas This one had no kids this one wound up over there Um, and so that's basically the only one left in the area That's who the parents have to be is that valentine that that married that sally so Really incredible research there again and and good notes and whatnot not on the profiles I look forward to that because there are a ton of you think that was an unusual name But there are a lot of valentine hollyfields out there and yes That's my hats off to that person for doing all that. Thank you. Thank you Ready for military laura Yeah Okay There were several of your ancestors found that had served in the military through different wars Uh, the war of 1812 Leonard bane who was born in 1790 Uh in the civil war John bunion talbot Yes, steven c hailey also served in the confederacy during the civil war and he received a pension from the state of virginia William our Wilma's was in the confederate army and was a prisoner of war Your sixth great-grandfather william benet solomon served in the revolutionary war Your sixth great-grandfather joel sim served as a grand juror and provided supplies during the revolution He is a recognized star patriot Your third great-grandfather ellieus ellieus elliot Born 1831. He served in the confederate army in virginia There's actually another one that I listed and I don't have it in front of me and it was um shared canada Yeah, he also served during the confederate war for the confederacy and he was a In the calvary Yeah, and i'm sure you have more, you know what having so many of those ancestors in virginia that are um dar patriots, but you know, we just had marked a few of them That's right That's really fabulous, and then I do have to tell you I felt sad that I couldn't put a slide on here for king I we really wanted to find something on that and I do know that I'm I'm sure the name comes from the king family With a surname king in that area and of course they're prolific there in the records And so I think you know once you get over that hump of that brick wall it's going to explode because I'm sure they're tied in But yeah, he was like you said before he you'd think that name would be unique enough He'd be really easy to to find in the records and and we just we couldn't Yeah He's a tough one as she can imagine she saw Okay, and here we have here's my brick wall charts that I do Um everything this is your nine generations of family everything in yellow Is a slot where you had an available brick wall now It may not be a brick wall to you like you couldn't break it down It may just be you haven't researched that family line But basically it shows the first open spot on every line And then everywhere you see the little dots kind of like you see in the pop out little bees Those are the brick walls. We actually broke down. So you'll get that list also so you can actually follow out which You're gonna have lots of stuff to look at it'll be fun. Yes You can actually follow out which um relatives we we worked on when And then um Anne says she missed adding the lets and the bookers to the list of soldiers That's okay, Anne. That's okay And then um I'm gonna go ahead and show you our top five now. We have two ways of uh giving points for this Nobody does it just for the points, but you know, it's fun to have a little motivation a little competition going And let you know how you're going. So we have um bounty points that you can get which are the big ones That's 10 points each and we have the individual points for adding nuclear relatives. So the kids and children are siblings and those can really add up it just depends on how big the families are and so You know, that's kind of what we watch during the week and See if I can click this over and these uh Frequent flyers to those of you that watch the challenge every week Pretty much. So we have Kathy Ravenstein though made most valuable player and I think that's her first time I don't know if she's in here tonight Donna Donna Bowman. She's in number two Number three is maddie harbman Number four is ann googlick and number five who's been just a recent participant the last couple of weeks is upcoming. Yes Melanie macomb and so hats off hats off to everybody And before I go into how we collaborate on all of this. I do want to say Um, you know, we we had a little bit of a glitch now wiki trees been around since to this wasn't you lisa wiki trees been around since 2008, but somewhere right around the time of 2013 when we had um People uploading jed comms. And of course that process is so much approved And a lush does amazing things to make our software work and you know and help us But there were a lot of really rough jed comms that had issues and got uploaded and we're still cleaning them up You know, we clean them up during our marathons cleaning thongs and whatnot We had different projects that just work on them Just to work on them and our data doctors and whatnot But at any rate something happened with your jed comm and and you know, my bad I was looking at direct ancestors when I was prepping for your tree But I hadn't really gotten out into the branches and looked And so what happened is when we started we found that you had a whole bunch of ancestors named living unknown unknown And and their partner their sibling unknown unknown unknown With green privacy So unfortunately we're trying to clean these up and these poor people that are working on the team They were troopers, you know because they have to come to a team member a paid staff member And say can you unlock this and then they can't do the last name at birth change on their own They have to get somebody to do it for them And then all then they have to figure out by tracking through the unknown unknown Sometimes you'll hit one like Andrew unknown And you track back from him and we were trying to fill in the gaps and figure out who the name was And finally I went to um chris the big the big boss and said we can't do this This is not working nobody's able to really focus on a brick wall. And so um really quickly everybody gave input He took care of it and the unknown unknowns disappeared. It was such a relief So I just want to say that you know I'm always impressed with the team members and what they do each week But I was even more impressed because they hung in there They were trying to track down those unknown unknown family members And then you know once they did um, they just took off with these brick walls. They just really did So it was impressive And then I'll go ahead and talk a little bit about our collaboration Now with as many people as we wind up we wind up with at least 25 Sometimes up to 40 plus people working on a tree during a week, you know And this is on top of doing their real life their jobs You know their projects and whatnot. Um, they do this for fun And so we have to have these ways to collaborate because that is what wiki tree is all about So on the left you see the spreadsheet Now we really highly encourage people to put their profile they're working on And that way somebody else doesn't come in and overwrite it Not realizing you're already working on it and you lose your work On the right hand side, that's the g2g post that goes up every week for each guest And that was out the great grandparents and then people can say hey, I broke a brick wall on this Or I found this interesting information and you know, and so Sometimes you get people that just don't want to talk in the other chat methods And that's their way, you know to put messages on there But usually it's the brick wall one and then our biggest way to collaborate is a discord Now this is our live chat and we can't do it without our live chat. We're a global site, you know So we have people on from net netherland. We have, you know, we have japan.  Um, you know, we just do a lot of things with that discord And so it's just crucial and of course, you know, we we definitely couldn't have done it this week without it Because they were all pinging mindy. Hey mindy I need a known unknown unknown locked. Well, give me a number I need to know which one of the You know, and and I have to say, um, they're they're gonna play it down and say dozens But there were actually hundreds. There were hundreds of unknowns The system just did a blur verse that i don't know and it just spit all these unknowns It was my ancestors doing it. I we're just gonna put it on Oh It's amazing the amount of work that you guys have done I really appreciate all that work that everybody has put into that and i'm sure I do have some new cousins out there in the audience Yes, oh, I should show you that I hid my bookmark bar Okay We're gonna go to amy johnson's profile I think I know her And if you go up to the top on the right lisa where it says whoever's wiki id You can go out and pick a fifth great grandfather if you want or you can pick a living member And then you just go down that meant that menu until it says relationship to me And this is where we all we're doing this and testing it and of course Oh, i'm not related to you It says it says no relationship. I can click and see if we're related through through marriage and we are 21 degrees But let me see. Let me do lisa's Okay, i'm gonna do the same thing. I'm gonna go up to where it says talbot And i'm gonna say relationship to me And it just spits it out instantly 10th cousins once removed and you can actually follow that line Yeah, to see which line and I was excited because for me it was on my green cob line here Where it worked out to you and I don't have a lot of people related on that line. So that was very cool Well, I look forward to seeing how we're like it's tiny enough. I can't read it from the screen yet But um, yeah, you'll have to you'll have to play with it because it's really a lot of fun.  I got all excited about the relationship I use that one actually every day and you know, if you get out and sometimes you look at these These lines and you look at them so many times, you know what?   Carr and I'm like, oh my gosh, what line is that on? So, you know, I can I can just easily bring that up and do that relationship to me and I'm like, oh Um, you know, and then I change it to your wiki ID and it tells me it's your like seventh great-grandfather or whatever So it's pretty cool. Okay. And now what we have is we have amy johnson crow Who we get to work on next Oh Yeah, they know each other. Yeah So she has a podcast named generations cafe holds a master's degree in library and information science Is a certified genealogist credentialed since 1995 She's worked for ancestry.com and the national genealogical society Is the author to 31 days to better genealogy. Hey, we all need that It Presents genealogy topics at large events such as roots tech And offers a newsletter so her fans can stay up to date on her post and any exclusive content a lot of good stuff there Did I miss anything? No, I think I think that's about it Okay, so I'm gonna ask you a few questions here. Okay, what got what got you interested in genealogy Well, so I and I'm gonna date myself here So I was but a youngster when roots came out You know the the original version of roots not the remake that they had just a few years ago um Of course, you know like everybody, you know just kind of got swept up in it. Well at at the same time My grandma on my my dad's side my my paternal grandmother she was kind of The unofficial family historian she was the woman who Kept the family bible. She had the family photograph. She labeled the family photographs. Okay um, yeah, so she was she was awesome and she and I were were very close And so she would tell me a lot of the stories Okay, so I I kind of had that good sense on dad's side Mom's side complete opposite My mom, um, essentially was an only child her my mom's mom Died in childbirth when my mom was like eight So Yeah, so so my mom lost my maternal grandmother very young So mom didn't have a lot of connection with her family, especially her mom's side of the family um She thought for a long time that her maternal Grandmother's maiden name was baker. No, it was Skinner I mean she it was just, you know, she just had no idea because she didn't have a lot of connection with that so after um After I got married had kids I was cleaning out and I remember this I was cleaning out a closet one day and I found the little memorial card from my maternal Grandfather's funeral, you know the little the little card that they always have there by the book So I was looking at that and I got to thinking how I knew all this stuff from dad's side But knew virtually nothing from mom's side So that night I went to the library Kind of stumbled into the genealogy and local history room and there were two women. They're just doing research and You know, I've never done genealogy before. I mean not like officially doing research You know sort of thing and they showed me around the room and you know They they got me started pointed me to a couple of really good how-to books And the rest was kind of history because once I started researching I was I was in just hook, line and sinker. So That's that's what got me started That's great. Good stuff Now who is your favorite ancestor if you had to pick one? If I had to pick a favorite ancestor and I'm I'm going but by one that I could never have met all right Um, would have to be my I think she's my second great-grandmother and have to look Matilda the bolt skinner crossing brown McKellen Yeah, and if you had asked me the brick wall question About oh two three months ago. I would have said her But it was funny because I I know Matilda's parents But for more than 20 years, I had been looking for what happened to Matilda. I could not find a death for her And of course the problem with Matilda the bolt skinner crossing brown McKellen, and there's possibly another marriage in there Like what name was she using when she died? You know that that made it fun, but I just found her earlier this spring, which was pretty awesome So she's not my brick wall anymore, but she's still my favorite. Well, congratulations on that find. Yeah How about interesting stories you found out about your family along the way? well I mean besides the often married Matilda And what's what's interesting about Matilda? I have her first husband Dying and he shows up in the 1850 mortality schedule. Yes. Gotta got a death record for him um None of her other husbands.  So it's like what happened to them Yeah, so is it waltzy matilda or is she the merry widow? I don't know um My my other I I uncovered a story and it turned out to be true my and I I'm blanking on what relationship on my mom's side um In early Ohio and this actually would have been when you know pre ohiox's was 1780s um, you had a lot of skirmishes between settlers in western pennsylvania and native americans and Some some settlers in western pennsylvania decided that they were going to do a raid against the shawnee in northern ohio And one of my ancestors was one of the co-leaders of that That expedition that is called the crawford campaign And it did not go well for anybody in Crawford's command including my ancestor. He was pulled from his horse um Somebody who was taken to one of the shawnee camps He's pretty sure they identified his body But yeah, he he never returned. So that's That's probably the most extreme ancestor that I have And sometimes for mr. McClellan Yeah, sometimes it's sad but true that you know the more tragedy somebody has the easier they are to track because Yeah, you have those additional documents. I mean for somebody that leads a good quiet life and nothing happens to them exactly Exactly we we want those At least occasionally to have I don't want to say I never do well, but yeah They do leave more paper. They do leave a little bit of a scoundrel. Yeah, just a little bit of a scoundrel Exactly. When did you first discover wiki tree? Oh my gosh, um Several years ago. I honestly don't remember when and I honestly don't remember how um I don't know if I saw you at a conference or maybe but yeah, it's been it's been a long time Honestly, I haven't done a I I uploaded my tree and And I think lisa would also attest to this sometimes when You you're into genealogy is a profession your own tree kind of it's kind of like the cobblers children having no shoes Definitely. Yeah, so yeah So I I got at least part of my tree uploaded to wiki tree and didn't do a ton with it So kind of curious now to see and I'm not looking right now But to see how what I've looked what I've uploaded before how it might have fit in with What anybody else had Yeah, and and definitely anybody that has spends any serious amount of time on genealogy You just never get to your own branches. Yeah, I mean you just you never do Yeah, you know That's one of the reasons that we can be so successful and you know finding things for people at our genealogists Because that's what we do for the week. Exactly. You know, I mean We sit and do just that and focus on it. So it's a lot of fun. It's it's a lot of fun It's a great gift to be able to give Now watching the fun stuff we found on lisa. What are you hoping to see participating in our challenge? Oh my gosh, just about anything. I mean, you know, if you could find a family bible, then be awesome. I would Lisa kind of said the gold standard on that. Yeah, let's uncover a family bible um The the ancestor that i'm probably the most curious about right now um And honestly, it's been a while since I've looked at this line. So there's probably a lot of resources available now compared to What I had access last time I actually worked on this line, but is mary belt steel um She was the wife of james steel born in Maryland or the district of columbia. So she's she's in that area The steel family moved from washington dc To washington county, ohio And just before the just as the civil war starting to heat up, you know, washington dc Not the greatest place to be when when the civil war is breaking us I'm pretty sure that that's why they moved because then later they moved After the war they moved back to virginia I haven't really been able to identify really either of her parents um But yeah, so so mary belt is probably my my biggest brick wall right now But i'm happy to find anything Now you have ancestors from canada england france germany ireland scotland and the us So which area do you find most challenging to research? Oh, I mean I my my french line is so I haven't even I don't even know. Um I've always been intrigued with my scottish line And I do have I do have my youngs back to their little tiny place in scotland. So I I do feel Yeah, I was I was very lucky with that. Um The most challenging out of those countries actually is canada Because of well because of when my ancestor came out of canada he john johnson Right, you know, let's and I told dad for a long time that i'm sorry john johnson that line doesn't go any further back but john johnson according to His census and according to his naturalization papers He was born in what was then called upper canada Which is basically ontario So I can't tie in to those wonderful french canadian records he's in ontario and He's already in ohio by Like 27 So he's already leaving canada and is in the united states by the 1820 so that time period in ontario canada I've been told that's the genealogical black hole of canada so That's by far and I don't even know where to start looking Yeah, that's one of the nice things that we do have um, you know, we're a little spoiled too is Most people when you work on your genealogy, you know You have your record set and you have your skill set and you have your resources And we can go out there and go okay. I've got somebody from germany help german expert I need a translation. I found his baptism, but I don't know what it says except for the date so You know and And we'll all pitch in and somebody says hey, I can't find anything on this guy And you know like a half a dozen people stop and go. What are you looking for?  Yeah, and and we get a lot of help on the different areas. So It is fun. Oh, yeah And there's yeah There's one of our experts now. Yeah, exactly. She says black hole. That's what it is. Yeah Yeah, why couldn't he have come out of Quebec that would have you know Tie into those french-canadian records that would have been great, but no he had to be out of Ontario Hey, Thomas Yeah, I don't know what we do with some of these if we don't have the experts now I do admit we've had a few ancestors from previous guests where we've had like Russia You know, and then we're just kind of lost. I mean, there's you know, some that they can do but but it's pretty hard But for the most part, you know, we've got a really good good blend of experts Okay, so do we have any questions out there from the audience? I know they've been chomping at the bit We always have the split of people that are like, I'm not done. I gotta finish working on, you know I gotta finish working on Lisa's profile. But for this ancestor I'm not ready. And then the other ones are like, oh, I'm already scoping out Amy's tree. Wait, it's This is right. Yeah, I I see Lynette who she says that I'm connected to Amy through my Kelly line But not her Kelly line. So now I'm really oh now I'm not I'm curious how how she's connected That's great. Interesting. Who knows Amy? We may be related as well. Hey, I never know We're all connected somehow. Yeah Yeah, you got you got to play with that relationship to me and we do we we have all these cold toys, you know in different ways to make trees and different ways to display it or look at relationships or look at how we're related to famous people And you know, there's just a lot of fun Oh, Ben's asking again. Did Lisa know about the family bible? I know I did not know about that one. Um, but that is a north Carolina line And I haven't looked at the the source on that likely I'm gonna guess it was from the north Carolina bible the archives They do they have a bible family bible Project that's been going on and so you can find Quite a few that have been digitized there. So I'm gonna guess that's where it was but um I didn't know about that one, but I've seen other ones and um And it has a lot of information, you know, I mean you figure technically it's a hundred and what a hundred and one years Yeah, that one had a lot. So I'd love to find that with my family Yeah, well the interesting thing is because they in north carolina people, you know, if you They encourage people if you have a if you have a family bible that pertains to north carolina North carolina they will scan it. I mean they don't keep it. They'll you bring it in they scan it home with you and it's a great way to preserve things as well as I always just check on that on a rotating basis because I have a copy of a different family bible And when I got one of my ancestors Proven as a dar In the dar profile People kept coming to me. How did you find out? And I said, well, it's in the family. I have the family bible What do you mean of the family bible? There's a copy of it online at the archive Yeah, dr keeps a dr keeps a lot of those that you can access in their library if you actually I love their library It's beautiful if you can actually get to the library and do that um Yeah, people say, you know, like what would you say to this ancestor or who would you talk to if you could go back in time And I'm like, oh no, I got a list honey I want this one and this one and this one and I'm gonna say write it all down I want to know the names of those 12 kids What the birthdays are wrap it up really good put it in a tin under the oak tree That's what I would go back until my ancestors because they weren't really good on doing family bibles So some of my lines are really really difficult to um do Ann was pointing out we did have some major pruning to do on a few lines And that's one of our probably least favorite things to do and unfortunately one of them um was very recent Before you know right at the end But if you just prove something you just prove something and so I'll get all of that to you too lisa But yeah where we had to take somebody up and the name's the same it's just that You know, it turns out there were two men that were named the same name And this one's in you know, this county this one's in that county at any rate It happens. Yeah, and when we do that we always get Yeah, is it is it that Langley Talbot one that somebody just posted in the That because we actually do know where that line goes and he did he did float around He shows up in two census records in two different counties on the same year Yeah, I don't know if it was that one or not Yeah, there's a conflation page on the Langley Talbot. Oh, yeah Well, if it helps he I have a document on him. He was legally declared insane. So He was unusual One of that one of the color ones. You see they they left a paper trail Yeah, yeah, he left the paper trial. He's actually Yeah, we actually that one actually We do have a fairly solid record on him through chance rate records and things like that for him So, yeah, I'll be I'll be interested to see what they say and I might be able to fill it out more for help out too Now is this one for you Amy? Yes. Yeah, the starkey line. Yeah So the starkeys come out of new jersey And end up in perry county, Ohio So there there's been there's been a fair amount of work done by others on the starkeys I haven't looked very closely to really Verify a lot of it Um And do I have family photos which can be shared not a ton? I really don't I don't have a ton of A family photos Unfortunately, yeah, we like to ask because we like to bring up the profiles if we can, you know, yeah, make them really complete Ben says all the usual questions. Do you have DNA? Can we share photo? Yeah Yeah, I'm talking about the chance rate records if you've never been up to the Eisenhower Presidential Library in Ohio Oh my gosh, I love their chance rate books. They're just amazing and they're huge I never realized how big they were I had gotten stuff through the mail from them And there was some really in-depth research I needed to do So I took a trip up there and those chance rate books are like several feet tall And they're bound in red and you open them up and they've handwritten everything out and then You know, you tell the people what you want and they'll get you the file that goes with it And it's like every scrap of paper from that family Things they bought, you know receipts that says However many pints for a thing of shoes or I traded some apples or whatever They have amazing records there Let's see. What else do we have this evening? I see Benjamin asked any connection to Richard Starkey. If you mean Ringo, not that I know of Yeah Thought that's what you meant. Yeah, I I haven't found a connection. But hey, you know, you never know never know Are you researching in virginia, billy? Well, I think we're gonna wrap this up then if Everybody's done and hopefully lisa. We've given you a time to look at later and some good surprises Oh, I can't wait. I might be up a little late tonight. Thank you so much And yes, billy you have to check those um virginia chancellory records. They just put a new county up this I'm up too. So they're so good. They're awesome I love those records Okay, well, I'm gonna thank all I want to thank all the participants that helped work on the Lisa's tree this week.  Thank you so much for watching and supporting us You can check us out at wikitree.com for more information And subscribe to receive alerts and we'll say good night. Good night