Welcome to another Art of Composing daily vlog. This is episode 9 and I am John Brantingham. So today I thought I would talk about something that I don't hear talked about very often, which is your hearing. I just got back from actually today having a hearing test and I think it's important that as composers we need to talk about this. So your hearing is very delicate and it's it's pretty easy to damage if you're listening to your music too loud and I Think it's just it's it's not something that is really difficult to get your head wrapped around I mean basically if you're listening with headphones you turn it up really loud or you're playing really loud instruments Including acoustic instruments things like piclows trumpets even a violin if you're in a closed room like this can be quite loud So what you really need to be doing is just thinking about what situations you're in as a composer And just as a person in your daily life and think about if you need to be using any kind of hearing protection Or if you need to get yourself in an environment where you don't have to turn your music up really loud See part of the problem is we listen to music all over the place I listen when I'm you know driving in the car or going on a run or here at home And obviously I've got headphones when I compose and I've got good speakers and in all those environments The background noise may be different So you'll probably end up turning it up in particular the car. I find I probably turn up my music the loudest there I Would highly recommend for every composer that One you just take a kind of a lay of the land of any situations that you're going to be in a normal situation or a normal Kind of normal life that you could be potentially damaging your hearing. So mowing the lawn, you know using any kind of power tools Obviously listening to to your own music in theaters. Sometimes it's it's super loud And then if you need to and I would highly recommend for everybody to do this go out and buy yourself some different kinds of hearing protection So there's a couple different earplugs and hearing protection I have around I probably should have grabbed them for the video I wasn't really thinking about that But one you should have some good earmuffs and they're not very expensive I mean you can pick them up at Harbor Frade or any you know Home Depot any hardware supply store And I use earmuffs for things like mowing the lawn or using power tools or Really anything that it's not like critical listening Environment, you don't have to hear much just put those on and that's kind of a basic way to protect your hearing The other ones are the little foamy earplugs. Those ones are pretty good Although you have to replace them frequently. So don't think that you can use the same ones over and over again They also make the kind that are like the the little kind of harder rubber plugs that can be reused Just really any kind of earplugs and kind of hearing protection And then I think probably the critical thing is if you are composing using headphones That you keep it at a very reasonable level that you don't end up damaging your hearing What I've been told and the way I understand it is that when you're exposed to really loud noise It it can actually hurt like if you are exposed to a really loud You know bang like a gunshot or explosion or a speaker that you didn't realize was turned all the way up and You know you press play like you know blaring in your ears your eardrum or your ear canal actually compress a little bit and Try to prevent all that noise from getting there, but if you maintain yourself in that environment Let's say you're at a concert or something. I believe it relaxes and over time You'll have the damage in those kind of environment So usually it's not the one-off shocking sound that that ends up hurting you in the long run It's the you know sustained listening environment. That's really loud So just sit back and think about where it is that you are Hearing things at too high a volume on a regular basis and figure out a way that you can cut that down because Hearing is critical for a composer. I I do realize that Beethoven like deaf in his later years I'm sure if we asked Beethoven He probably didn't want to be deaf now You know, we all want to work on our ability to Audiate and understand music in our head and be able to to read music and basically hear the piece But it's hard to get around that we need our ears as composers and especially as modern digital composers Where we have to usually have the final product all delivered by ourselves. That means we're composing We're performing and we're mixing and sometimes mastering and delivering that to whoever needs that music That means you got to be able to do all those things and for mixing and master mastering in particular Being able to hear the nuances the difference between a little bit of bump at 7k or you know taking out a little bit here and there That's absolutely critical for every composer. So take away from today Just find the places where you're hearing things that are too loud on a regular basis figure out a way to cut that out It's an ear musk. It's an ear plugs You know and turn your speakers down turn your car Speakers down turn your headphones down. You don't need to be listening to really loud music and and the more loud things You listen to the more you're gonna have to end up cranking it up because you're ruining your hearing So hopefully you enjoyed today's blog or vlog I guess if you are interested in learning to compose head on over to artofcomposing.com. I've got articles I've got courses. I've got you know The podcast you can listen to I've got resources a reading list for composers And then obviously you can hear my music and answer questions. So I will talk to you


Okay, good morning everybody, welcome to Intro to Class Programming in Python with Tokyo EdTech. That is me. Today's topics include classes, class methods, objects, instantiation, and inheritance. But first, a quick shout out to Kevin, first of his name, Lord of the 16-bit members, my first ever channel member. And a shout out to Paul, first of his name, Lord of the 8-bit members, my second ever channel member. Thank you so much guys. I really, truly appreciate it. Now classes are a topic of the day. Classes seem very mysterious to beginners, but they're actually fairly straightforward. So let's say, well first of all, a class defines an object. So let's say we have a person. So what are some things that we know about a person? So for example, a person has a name, a person has an age. So we'll stick with those two for now. So to define a class, we use the class keyword, and we give our class a name. Now note the name here, person, and it is capitalized. That is a Python convention. It'll work if it's not capitalized, but all the other Python programs will make fun of you. And when we create a class object, which I'll get to in a second, we need to instantiate that object. And so in this case, we're using a function called initialize, or init. Now be very, very careful here. This is two underscores, not one, two. That's two before and two after. Invariably I'm going to get somebody who's going to ask me why their code isn't working. It's because they have one underscore before and after. And in the parentheses, I need to put self. So I'm going to say self.name. For now, we're just going to leave it blank. And self.age equals zero, we're going to give it some default values. So we've said that a person, this is what a person has, they have a name and an age. So I'm going to go ahead and create some objects. So I'm going to say, Bob equals person. So I'm saying that Bob is a person. And he is what we say a member of the person class. So what happens when this statement is executed? So the computer says, okay, class person. Okay, I need to initialize this object, Bob. And Bob's name is blank and Bob's age is zero. So then what I can do is I'm going to say, Bob.name equals Bob. And Bob.age equals, let's say 40, I'm not sure how Bob is now. And then I'm going to make a second person, suit. And again, the computer program, Python says, okay, person, what's a person? Well, when we initialize a person, we say that we set their name to blank, we set their age to zero. So the reason self is used. So in this case, Bob is self. So Bob is the new object, Bob's name is blank, Bob's age is zero. Sue goes here, so self is Sue, Sue's name is blank, Sue's age is zero. And so I can change that here and sue.age equals, I'm going to make her 17. And then again, we'll go ahead and do Jason, Jason equals person. Jason.name equals, of course, Jason. And Jason.age equals 45. So just real quick, this Bob has nothing to do with this Bob, it's just a convenience for me as a human being. Bob's real name could be Robert, for example, but we'll change it back to Bob. And this could be, this could be x47, the computer doesn't know the computer doesn't care. Okay, it's just, it's just numbers to the computer. But I'm using Bob because that's what makes sense to me as a human being. So now what I can do now that I've instantiated my objects, I've given values to their names, I can now go ahead and print out that information. Now note, I'm using an F string here, this was added in Python, I think 3.7. So if you're using an earlier version, upgrade, okay, or update. So I want to say Bob.name is Bob.age, years old. So to access this information, I just use the object name, dot, the attributes. And if I run this, if I'll get no errors, you see here, Bob is 40 years old. Now I'm going to go ahead and copy that and go ahead and take care of that for Sue. And take care of that for Jason. Okay, so let's go ahead and run that one more time. And let's scroll it up.  So this is the first, very first basic idea of objects in classes. Okay, so this is the class, which is person. And Bob, Sue, and Jason are objects. They have the same attributes as everything in the person class. Now what makes this nice is let's say I want to add location. I can say self.location equals that to each person. Or self.country, self.nationality. Now anything that I want to add to all of the class members, I just need to put in one place. I'm going to have to do that because we've got a little bit of time here. Let's say here, computer is acting a little iffy. I don't know if you guys saw that, but it is still running. Okay, that's a good sign. All right, so that was a little weird. Anyway, yeah, okay, now you can see how this would be kind of inefficient. So we have to declare, create the object, then add the information. But what we can do is we can pass the values here during the instantiation process. So I'm going to put here, I'm going to put name and age. And here name, oops, and here age. So don't get confused. This name and this name are the same. This age and this age are the same. But this name is a property of the class. Okay, so I'm just passing these values into the initialization method. So what I do now is I put bob and 40. Now I can delete this part. I'm going to put su 17. Now if I don't put those in, I'm going to get an error. So you have to make sure, just like with normal functions, you have to make sure that it matches. Now it's a little weird because you've got self here. So you're thinking got one, two, three, but you've only got one, two here. But remember, this self comes from here. So that's a little bit, that's a little bit, one of them, I think to me, one of the confusing things for beginners, and say Jason 45 and delete that code. Now what I'm going to do is I'm just going to test this and make sure I get the same result. Can I do so, so far so good. Now this is where it gets kind of interesting. So that's classes, objects, and instantiation. Now where the real power of object-oriented programming comes in is with subclasses or sometimes we have them called child classes and inheritance, which is a pretty advanced topic, but kind of simple in a way if you think about it. So let's say I want to make a new class called student. Now students kind of make sense. Students are also people. So it stands to reason that a student would have a name, a student would have an age. So what I can do is I can do the following. I can say person, and then I'm just going to go ahead and copy this. Now because I want to save some space, I want to use this, I want to inherit, well thought that second. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to inherit name and age from the person class. So what I have to do is also instantiate the parent. So this is where it kind of got a little weird. So what happens now? So I'm going to say sue is a student. So I'm going to instantiate sue. So this is going to be sue. This is going to be sue, this is going to be age 17. Then I need to initialize the parent class. So self, name, age. So now if I run this, it should be the exact same output. Okay, and it is. Now why I would do this, one of the reasons is let's say now I can say that self.grade equals, let's say we don't know grade this person said. Now I can add an attribute just for that class. So I can say print sue is in grade, now what would make sense is if I expanded this a little bit and I'll say sue is in 12th grade. So then in my init method here, I'm going to put grade and then down here I'll put grade. So you can see what I'm doing here. A student is a person. So that means a student has a name and an age, but a student only has a grade. So I'm saying students are in first grade, second grade, third grade, etc, etc, etc. And then that is how I create those objects. So you can see sue is 17 years old, sue is in grade 12. So rather than have to put name, age here, and then just have a separate set of code for that, I only need it in one place. So now, again, as I mentioned earlier, if I wanted to add something like location, as soon as I add it to person, the student class also gets access to that variable. So this concept where the child class or the subclass, how you want to call it, inherits, this is called inheritance, the attributes and methods, which we'll get to in a second of the parent class.  Again, a teacher is a person. I'm just going to go ahead and copy this. Because once you have it working once, copying stuff just makes it easier. So I'm going to make this into teacher. Teacher is a person. And I'm going to put for a teacher, I'm going to give them a department. Now note, I'm still initializing the parent class, and I need the name and the age. And I'm going to say self.department equals department. And so when I create my Jason object, Jason is an art teacher in the art department. And I'm going to go ahead and say printf, excuse me, Jason.name, teaches in the Jason.department. Let me go ahead and run that, locked up again. I think I'm going to have to close that. Oops. Hopefully it's still recording. Oh, the whole thing is locked up. Let's see what happens here. Okay, I got an internal error. I can't send it. Don't send. Okay. So we're back. Hopefully that's still recording. I don't even know this point. And let's go ahead and run it and see what happens. It says, in it takes three positional arguments, but four were given. So what did I do wrong here? Ah, I forgot to change this to teacher. Okay. Okay. So you can see now the output here. So now what I can do with this, well, I should just leave it like that for now. So the last thing we can do is we can create methods. So for example, so this is a method for the person class. And then if he says something, we're just going to say self dot, oops, don't forget the F, the F string, self dot name says, so then what I can do is I can say Bob dot say something and then I can do, separate that out so we can see a little better, sue dot say something and then Jason dot say something. So I'm going to run that and you can see now Bob says hi, sue says hi and Jason says hi. So all of the classes here, so the person class and the student class inherits this method from the person class. The teacher also inherits. So when the person says hi, when this person says something, they're just going to say hi. What I can do is I can actually override that. So I make a method with the same name and the same arguments here. And maybe, let's see, maybe what's something a student would say, says, is this on the test? And then a teacher say, teacher might say, yeah, I was going to put, did you bring your pencil? But I might, in this day and age would say, please mute your mic. Please mute your mic, something a teacher might say. So if I run that, you can see now Bob still says hi, sue says, is this on the test? And Jason says, please mute your mic based on which class they are in. So person, student or teacher. Last thing I want to show you before we finish this up is something I like to do to simplify some things. So what I can do is I can make a list of people and I'm going to put Bob, Sue and Jason. No, there are no quotation marks here because these are not strings. These are object names. So for person and people. Now this statement works for all of the objects.  And then we got a new method. So if is instance, person and student, say print f, oops, print f quotes, person dot name is in grade, person dot grade, LF is instance. Person teacher, print f person dot name is in the person dot department. And then finally, all of them, we can do person dot say something. I'm just going to print a little extra line here after each person. So now if I get rid of all this stuff here, and I run it, I should get basically the same result. So for each of the objects, I'm printing this line because they all have that property. And then only if it's an instance of the student class, will we print the grade because only the students have a grade. Otherwise if it's an instance of the teacher class, we print the department the person is in. And then for all of the objects, we call the say something method. So that is classes in a nutshell. That's basically how classes are created. That's how they're instantiated. And that is how inheritance works. So this is a very, very powerful, very important programming method. So I hope this was helpful, and we'll at least get you started understanding the basic concepts of classes, methods and class inheritance. So thanks for watching. Please subscribe or even better become a channel member in the links below. Take care and keep on coding.


Hey friends and welcome to my channel. I am Yoshida and this is Norse Cove. Today I am planning in my classic happy planner. This is for week June 3rd through June 9th. Let me show you a few details. Let me just flip that out. Let me get into last week. Last week was beautiful. This is how it turned out. The week's technically not over but I got sick so it was a little slack. So a lot of stuff didn't get done. But pretty much the happy planner classic is my catch-all. Let me move that to the side. Now what I've done, excuse me because you know it has the green tape but I'm trying to work through that. I mean it has the green design so what I did was I took this washi tape. I'm not certain where I got this washi tape from and I just went down the center and then I took my hole puncher and punched my holes in it. I took this gold tape thin three millimeter tape and then I went through the lines here. I took this tape on three millimeter. This is also by the happy planner. It says hustle plus heart and that went here at the bottom. I just wanted to switch it up a little bit and then this tape randomly I just decided to put here at the top and at the bottom. So and I didn't want to take up time doing that on camera. So now let's just kind of get into it. I'm thinking I'm gonna go ahead and white this out. I may pull this up. Let me see. I'm not sure how I'm liking it. It's not all the way over to the edge like the other one. Okay I'm gonna leave it alone. So now this black kind of reminded me of a doll I got from capital shape design and I wanted to start incorporating some of my dolls and I just thought she was fabulous. Let me tell you you all something about me that you may not know. I love and then I want to use this one. My story isn't over. I really want to use that one but she just looked fabulous. I love evening gowns like really love a good evening gown. So I kind of wanted to incorporate her. So she's gonna have to maybe meet um this is Nalana. Nalana. She may have to meet. I want to put her down. Let me see. I'm gonna put her down here like on Friday. Isn't she gorgeous? It's the dress. The dress is so now everything else has to go around that. So I'm gonna pull from both of these which is pink. I didn't really want to use her but I just thought she matched that black so well. Now I love this wrong wrong book but I'm gonna go into colorful boxes a little bit. No color story. Color story because I want to pull some pinks and things like that because there's pink in here. Fine so I'm just taking the sticker and I just thought it would be perfect with the polka dot step was the washi tape and bring out a little bit pink in the washi tape as well as Nalana's dress. I believe I'm saying her name right Nalana. I love that dress. It was just perfect. So yeah just continuing to cut the sticker and just trying to get as much use out of the sticker as possible. I love that idea. I had never really done that before so I just wanted to try something different but overall I really really enjoyed doing the spread just trying to get the correct angles of that sticker so that I can get some extra corners out of it and you'll see later that I do plan to put stickers kind of over top of that. So you kind of cover up the floor. I just couldn't get that sticker straight for the sake of my life. So here I'm going into color story and just looking for you know just some more stickers to add that would go complement the colors that I already have and I've had this book. It's probably one of my great first books but I hardly use this book so I'm basically challenging myself for June like not to buy anymore kits or anything and just basically stick to my books you know or miss the point of buying if you're not going to use them and you all know me I definitely love a good quote so definitely had to put that quote away and this Nalana looks like a boss so I definitely had to add that and I didn't want to go too crazy with the gold because I had gold and I had to be gold list maker and um even though I love gold trust me I just didn't want to have it just on choo choo gold you know but just a little bit I'm just trying to find someone to put the sticker another quote add in some more black and just still looking I'm preferably for more quotes and then this sticker here with the polka dots it says well I cook a lot of polka dots so that's what I'm going to be eating preferably some quote boxes and some functional stickers so still flipping here through color story and this basically you know just trying to find some other nice magical elements and I can't believe I've not used this book um I actually think this is my first time using my color story book and that's why at night I really like to watch other people um do spreads because I realize I have books that they have and I haven't used them I'm like wow well either it'll give me inspiration to go and um purchase a book to you know use something you know that maybe I don't have so here I found this in the um um colorful boxes to go and so I go a little crazy because I didn't want to do too much go but then I realized you know I need some little boxes I mean I have little rods why not go boxes you guys it's about to storm here so you may hear a little thunder and I swear I cannot leave boxes straight for the sake of my life I'm gonna have a straight Monday it's still just cooking it'll seem to go back and forth with this thing but I love that cute little corner with it and what that came out really really nice you guys I'm testing out this I don't know if I've said that because I've done this recording a couple times but I'm testing out a speaker that I got off amazon um a while ago and just got frustrated with it so I'm deciding to work with it again and see if I can get it to work um the sound test I just did it sounded pretty good but as you can hear we have a little bit of feedback so I'm still trying to work with it just to see how it works but I'm going to use these colorful boxes to go and it just kind of added to the spread and I think it'll it's definitely functional but at the same time decorative because I am a decorative functional planner I have figured out much about myself I need it to be functional but at the same time I love decor and I love it so much so let me know in the comments how you dig in how you feel about going I know like if I've had to choose between um silver foil gold foil or rose gold foil my number one choice would be rose gold foil but then gold is really highly up there so probably go before rose gold to be honest silver is pretty but I would prefer um gold or rose gold what's your favorite um foil to use in your spreads leave me a comment in the comment section and let me know so I'm going to get off of here from talking to you guys today and I had to put up my hustle to kind of you know that's what I do I hustle but I wanted to kind of just distract that big flat piece of gold watching tape and tone down some of the blame so again I'm not going to talk to you guys that I hope you enjoyed this and um here I'm using my stencil and again leaving the comments let me know what's your favorite foil to have in your spreads and stay tuned this is how the spread turned out oh seem a little busy for me but um I think it's cute I know I put it like this I would like it kind of probably on someone else so what kind of inspired the thread was I had to put down this tape and then I said well I'm gonna pull from the gold in the tape so I put the gold down well then I said well I have a doll who matches this confetti whatever and she really just kind of set everything else off and I am digging her she is from capital chick design and this is it so I have still have my um to-do list basically over here on the my side bar I love that so I had to bring in the wrong wrong girl so I pulled the pink from the wrong wrong girls and my capital chick um doll and gold so it's basically pink black and gold with a little bit of black and white I hope you guys enjoyed this if you're new to my channel and this is your first video you've ever seen from me let me know um leave me something in the description box and emoji I hope that you liked it so much that you would want to subscribe and come back for more content and also don't forget to hit the notification bell and I will see you guys in my next video


Good afternoon UC Berkeley, this is Lindsay Longman, and this is Chris from CalTV News. We're currently standing outside of California Hall where a protest is taking place. This protest is a student campaign advocating for the ring statement of Dr. Yvonne Delvalle. Dr. Delvalle is an associate professor of colonial studies in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese at UC Berkeley. According to the justice for Yvonne, Instagram, Dr. Delvalle began being stalked and harassed in 2018 by another UC professor. In 2019, she acted in self-defense against her harasser, which in turn led to the university opening up numerous investigations against her, preventing her from going on campus and suspending her pay. Now, the removal of her tenure has been proposed. One column commented on the situation, pointing out the university's hypocrisy when it comes to serving Latinx students. We have this institution, UC Berkeley, trying to be like a Hispanic serving institution, and you have to meet requirements for that, but what is happening to Professor Yvonne Delvalle goes to show that they aren't really doing that because she is a Latinx professor, she is an immigrant, and she is alone. And if that's what they're doing to a esteemed professor, what does that show to the students on this campus when they reach out for support? I mean, I think the answer is clear, you know? She was the only person who supported me. And now I'm here to support her through this and all of these students are testament to that. All these people are testament to her character, to her persona and the fact that she's an amazing professor that should be here and should not have been taken away this whole time. Current students at the protests noted that this is another example of the university failing the Latinx communities they claim to serve. I do not believe that the school has done its best to protect its people of color. They want us here so bad to get the data, to get the statistics, to get the name as a Hispanic serving institution. But time and time again, they fail us. They are failing us by taking away our money. They are failing us by removing our so only support systems from the places they deserve to be and the amount of time it took to get to this place. We are all here for justice and we want it now. Alejandra Dekker, who had Dr. Delvalle as her dissertation chair, added that this cause sees extreme value in making this issue known to the broader campus community. Our next steps are first making this a much more public and campus-wide issue before it was really just something that affected our department almost in secret and graduate students who are working with Yvonne were not able to work with her and their careers were completely disrupted. But it wasn't something that left went beyond the department walls. And now we're trying to bring this to the campus to say that this is what's happening on our campus. This is happening to a Latina tenured faculty who represent so many of us and hopefully with more of this knowledge people will start to come out and support us in our future rallies. To learn more about the case and how to get involved, go to atjusticeforyvonne on Instagram. Reporting for KALTV News, we are Lindsay Monkman and Chris Avila.


Hi everyone, my name is Robin and I lecture on the foundation year and so what I'm going to do today is try and give you a very brief overview of what the foundation year is and then introduce you to one of the modules which is called cultural fluency and then in the last 10 minutes hopefully we'll have time to answer any questions you have about the foundation year. You've probably chosen to attend today's mini lecture because you already have an interest in the foundation year or some knowledge of what it is but just to summarize the foundation year is like the year zero of a degree so on the foundation year we try to introduce you to the range of subjects that we teach and so us and to give you some kind of background in terms of knowledge to those subjects but also really help you to build the academic skills and the confidence you need to be a great student and you don't have to choose the actual pathway in terms of the degree you want to study until the end of the foundation year so if you're someone who knows that you really want to take a degree but you're not quite sure yet in what direction you want to head that could be useful for you to know. Okay so let me just introduce you to some of the key modules we have on the foundation year the core module is called academic practice and academic practice really is focused on helping you to develop the academic skills you'll need to be a really successful student and although we're focusing quite a lot on writing great academic essays or giving great academic presentations we're also focusing a lot on reading and research and the type of critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills you need to be a brilliant student. Then as you've probably seen if you've checked out the website or any literature on the foundation year there's two streams on the foundation year there's inter business management economics and law and social sciences arts and humanities and depending on which stream you're on you'll have lectures and seminars orientated around business management economics and law or social sciences arts and humanities and hopefully these lectures and seminars will give you a really strong foundation in terms of knowledge of what you'll need to know or some kind of basis to give you a head start for studying business management economics and law or any social sciences arts and humanities subject and so the most popular module is one called the world from so us which is quite difficult to explain without going into the module in great depth because it really tries to introduce how in so us we perceive the world and the kind of unique values we have in terms of how we approach different topics and so in brief it's an introduction to the economic political and social history of the world but from a so us perspective I think the most common feedback we get from students on our module is that it's everything we wanted to learn in school but never got the opportunity and then I'll just move on then to the module I'm going to talk about today which is cultural fluency and on cultural fluency there are no lectures everything is seminar based or in other words although we provide some materials in terms of articles films documentaries blogs social media resources the emphasis is on the students to apply the kinds of academic theories and concepts that they'll need for their applying to their academic interests but also hopefully to their own personal interests and so we'll be developing critical thinking skills creative thinking skills and hopefully your sense of confidence in yourself as a student and your ability to study independently and to drive your own learning so in order to explain cultural fluency we probably need to start by just agreeing on what we mean by culture a dictionary definition of culture and this is just one I took from the gamers dictionary was a way of life especially the general customs and beliefs of a particular group of people at a particular time and while I think we often associate culture with nations in terms of English culture or Irish culture Italian culture we could be talking about any group so we talk about pop culture or business culture or even your school or college probably has its own culture in terms of the way people behave the beliefs the people share the way they dress the jokes they tell the music they listen to and there's a very good chance that any culture changes over time and changes over space so you've probably noticed that the school you went to feels very different to a school three miles away and that you can identify students from different schools not only by how they dress or their school uniform but because they talk slightly differently and have different jokes and think different kinds of music is better than others so we can describe cultures but because cultures change over time and space we can infer that different forces shape culture and that's what we're going to be looking at in the rest of today's short lecture is how power changes culture so just as a very quick example of that probably the majority of films you've watched in your life have been from America and from Hollywood and if certainly if you go to the cinema in Britain the majority of films will come from the United States but Nigeria make great films Korea makes great films Argentina makes great films so why do we watch so many American films the answer is really simple there that is just the economic and political power of the US gives them not only the financial clout to make very big budget films but also to control distribution to establish strong links with other elements of American culture such as through TV music their interlinks as a kind of cultural power but even at a more local level if you wanted to look at British business for example you'd be able to see that within corporate culture power is active and power shapes the way that corporate culture operates so if you just want to look at footsie 100 companies who has the power well only five percent of CEOs in footsie 100 companies are women and even if there are increasing numbers of women on boards and or on board of directors what kind of values predominate in those board rounds well if those boardrooms are dominated by males certain types of behaviors and certain kinds of values will most likely predominate while others might not what do these men who dominate UK companies look like well 69% of footsie 250 companies do not have any BAME directors so it's predominantly white male from similar socioeconomic backgrounds now we might think that this doesn't matter very much but these power relations are obviously going to shape people's opportunities in life and the way we feel we can behave in certain cultural situations so if footsie 500 companies are dominated by white males this means that certain groups of individuals are more likely to have access to power and others will find it more difficult to enter certain jobs or to gain equal rights or have access to promotions or certain entitlements so power relations shape culture and these power relations influence our lives and what we're going to do now is have a think about how power relations might influence education and in fact the first assignment on cultural fluency is to give a very short presentation analyzing the power relations in any subject you've studied so you could now get a gigantic head start on your first seminar sorry on your first assignment for cultural fluency by just thinking of one subject you've studied maybe you're even doing A levels at the moment maybe you've recently completed some form of education at some level so do you mind just writing down a subject you've recently studied in the chat box please any subject at all literature history economics all the way through I heard a brilliant presentation yesterday on geology and economics maths okay now what we're going to try and do then over the next 15 minutes or so is identify or introduce a number of academic theories that we could apply to our own education and see what we've learned about power relations because maybe once we've identified the power relations within education our own education would be able to think about how we can change that education system because obviously the education system really influences culture and our lives okay so the first one is really obvious which is patriarchy so patriarchy is male power as you already probably know but when we're looking at it in cultural fluency we'll probably try look more at the complexities of male power but for now we'll keep it simple enough except to say in the cultural fluency we wouldn't only look at feminism we'd also try and look at intersectional feminism and the way that feminism operates across cultures and now the first thing we could look at is just the curriculum for the subject that you have noted down here and if you were to do a scan of the curriculum for example the key issues you cover or the key figures you should study in terms of the people you should study the most prominent figures you've studied you'll probably see immediately that they are mostly men so if you're studying economics who are the key thinkers or if you're studying sociology who did the key theories come from but you might also want to have a look at when women are represented how they are represented so it's true that we might see women represented in a history curriculum or well history is a good example actually so in history we might cover or be introduced to the story of Florence Nightingale or Anne Frank maybe but what if all the women that feature in our education are represented as being carers or victims and then when women are included what are their backgrounds and who are they intended to represent and who are they speaking for so when we do have women theorists or we do see women represented are those women always from what from from one background and when they are represented is it intended that they represent all women because the problem could be that we might for example have women represented but it's always middle-class white women and they're always speaking for or often speaking for all women while other women with different backgrounds are never represented and if male power dominates education systems what ideas and values about the world are being reproduced so if you think about your history textbook if the history textbook was written from a point of view the challenged patriarchy would there be such an emphasis on war and what the language and narrative of the history textbook have such an emphasis on certain values that were considered heroic for example great leaders or war heroes etc so the other way to consider how our education might be shaped in relation to patriarchy has to do with just gender and what it means to be a man or woman so from our education what feedback do we get on who we should be aspiring to be in terms of how we perform as men or women so what does it mean to be a normal man or a normal woman and is there space to consider different experiences and different possibilities of what it might be a human that doesn't satisfy traditional gender norms or gender roles so what would society look like if we had an education system that wasn't accepting a patriarchy or reproduced male power again and again but instead challenged traditional assumptions about gender and heteronormativity now moving on to the theme that we would actually start the module with which is nationalism and the first article we look at on cultural fluency is one by Ben and Dick Anderson who asks how come we think of the world as being divided into nation states rather than us all being united as human beings but yet it now seems so natural when we turn on the tv and watch the olympics or on sunday morning the baking program we watch is called the great british bake-off that we are all divided into a world of nation states with separate and very distinguishable characteristics and cultures so just as an example of how strange anderson thinks it is that we're divided into nation states he asked how come we feel that we share a great affinity with everybody within the borders of the territory we live in that we call a state when we've never met them so how come somebody who might work in a car factory maybe in a big city like manchester feels they share a deep connection with someone who might be a farmer in somewhere rural like cornwall how come the farmer from cornwall probably feels a much stronger connection with the factory worker from manchester than a farmer from normandy or kerry well anderson says that this affinity or connection we feel with other people inside our nation can't be natural it needs to be something constructed or a feeling that we learn to have through living in society and being educated to feel that everyone within a nation state has some very strong bond and it's i think nationalism is so ingrained in who we are we find it hard to imagine that once nation states as they are now never existed so if you think of italy and italyans you probably imagine them to have a really deep um historical connection and that's why we get the feeling that italian culture is so identifiable and distinct but italy was a collection of separate kingdoms until 1861 so if you want to look at a map of italy from 200 years ago it's not there it's a collection of many smaller kingdoms that only became united 150 years ago but sometimes when you make that argument others argue that although states are something modern or something very recent the cultural connection that underpins those states is something that has existed for a very long time so if you take france as an example you might say france is a modern state but the culture of france existed before the states but historians have shown that that's probably not true so according to the historian era cubs born at the time of the french revolution 50 of the people in france did not speak any french at all and only 12 or 13 percent of people spoke french so how did france generate such a strong sense of everyone within its borders sharing the same culture and being unified in some way well i would argue that a great part of that is through education and if you want to have a look at your own education you'll probably see that through much of or through many of the subjects you've studied the idea that nation states is not our natural is never questioned but if you look at subjects like history or literature you'll see a story of the nation being told that encourages you to believe in the inevitability of the nation and nation and nation states so if you just look at your history textbook what wars are being celebrated and what figures are being considered great or when you look at a literature curriculum where are all the authors from and what values are being promoted in the text series so most of our education is not a story of all human beings or of all human history literature society and politics it's the story of a nation but because of its story within that story we'll probably find that certain groups of people are emphasized and play a predominant part in that story but some groups might have their role minimized or not represented at all so where is the experience for example in your British history a-level curriculum of those who suffered or were displaced or were enslaved or died as a consequence of British imperialism or in the tale of 20th century Britain where are the black people where are South Asian people where are British Muslims and what does this lack of representation of some groups tell us about who is valuable to the nation and who belongs and how would this then influence society and then the final part with final section we're going to look at today is colonial thought and the influence of colonialism on our education so I just mentioned nationalism in the last section and how the facts of what happened during the area of British colonialism may sometimes be overlooked but what I want to focus on now is not physical colonialism itself in the 18th 19th and early 20th century but the legacy of colonial thought so in seminar two on cultural fluency we'd have a look a theorist called Edward Said who shows how in the 18th and 19th century Europeans were developing an idea of themselves as being modern scientific progressive and advanced and then it served Europeans to think of non-western cultures as being traditional primitive backward and timeless so that non-western cultures were like a mirror so that just as when you're an insecure teenager in school it makes you feel good to present someone else as being bad it served Europeans to think of non-western cultures as being inferior to them so western European cultures were rich sophisticated complex and in contrast then non-european cultures were simple homogenous and timeless and that's why Europeans could talk about great expanses of territory as if they were all the same even the name of this university is the school of oriental and african studies as if the orient was one unit that shared very similar or homogenous characteristics and then could be studied as such as if they were all the same in terms of culture and also in terms of the people so what we're talking about here is a hierarchical way of viewing the world with Europe or at least western Europe being supreme and then other regions being viewed as not only inferior but that western Europe should be the model for those non-western European cultures so physical colonialism is over but be interesting to look at your own studies and think to think about what assumptions from colonial times remain so when you study societies and sociology what kind of societies are considered the norm are they always western cultures when non-western cultures are presented are they presented as being equal in terms of sophistication and complexity as western cultures who's thought about societies is considered most important are there only western sociologists on your sociology curriculum or when you study economic development and geography on economics who is considered developed and why and who is third world or underdeveloped and how are they presented in comparison to the west and who are the forces who can drive or promote development can non-western cultures drive their own development or do they need help and assistance from the west and why would that be or when you study art whose art is considered classical or surreal or abstract and whose is considered to be perhaps not primitive but of more historical or anthropological value so even though colonialism is over or not colonialism is over but even though the physical colonialism of western Europe may be over it might be interesting to look at your own his educational experience to think about whether the legacy of colonialism still exists so when we're looking at education from a cultural studies point of view analyzing the correlations evident in our own educations we could think about what knowledge was considered a value but what knowledge was left out or was not included what people or groups were considered to be a value and who was not included or represented whose ideals and values were being reproduced and whose were not being represented at all and in your own educational experience did you feel included or represented or did you feel in some way that your own experience was being overlooked could there and I think this is the big one to consider after answering those questions could there have been alternative ways of teaching learning and assessing what you learned because maybe the outcome of analyzing correlations could be that we make a meaningful change so the cultural fluency module hopes to embody some of the remit of the foundation year on this module we are definitely introducing academic theory and trying to help you develop academic skills but what we're going to do with that theory is encourage you to apply the concepts and arguments to your own life your own experiences and the areas of academic interest that you want to research in the future and we also want to give you as much autonomy as possible so that you can drive transformation in your own life and in the final assessment for a cultural fluency you develop a portfolio which applies the theories that have really interested you to whatever issues that matter to you the most so the final assignment is just to take five theories from cultural fluency and apply them to five topics that really interest you and then the seminars are designed to help you develop your own knowledge so that you can deepen your understanding of these issues deepen your academic skills but also develop a deeper sense of who you are and how your own education can benefit you okay I can't believe I've actually finished slightly early and so if you've any questions then Aman can help to do the tech but if you have any questions about the foundation year please fire away or about what we've just talked about yes we've got a few questions in the Q&A section it's also worth mentioning to all attendees that we have a student present from the foundation year in the arena who's in the chat so if you have any questions about wanting to be about what it's like to be a SOA student on the foundation year please for a few to ask questions directed to Norena as well but from the chat box we have the first question from Malika is how large is the number of students who usually opt for this year? So the when we started the foundation year two years ago the plan was to try to attract 40 students in the first year and we had almost 300 students last year and this year we have I think 370 students enrolled okay great next question Carl sent this message about 15 minutes ago so he's probably talking about a specific area of your talk he says is this not very similar to the concentration and ownership of media corporations where six corporate bodies own all media establishments in 2010 they were holding 36 billion dollars more than the GDP of Finland in 2010 it's incredibly hard for minority and less privileged demographics to be fairly and honestly represented. I completely agree and you've hit the nail on the head what you've just done there is an analysis of the power relations in global media and you've probably found that they're very concentrated among certain groups in the world although there's very little access to any power. Yeah good question by the way what are great stats too. Okay the next question may have been from Jay hello I'm hoping to study a degree politics and international relations at SOAS but I want to do the foundation year first so that I can get a better understanding of how to study properly for the degree my question is that after the foundation year will I need to apply for the degree or do I transfer into the degree?  I believe that also answers Freya's question how does the application to a degree course at the end of the year work somewhere I'm going to take that as done. Maybe I should just because even some students who have enrolled on the foundation year and are a couple of months into the foundation you're still asked questions about this once you are on the foundation year you only need to pass the foundation year to get on to first year of your degree and that's any degree in SOAS whether it's politics law international relations Korean anthropology etc but another thing to remember is that the foundation year is not a standalone and you don't get a certificate at the end of the foundation year so it's not like a standalone qualification in any way it's part of a degree. And while you're talking about that Robin there's another question about whether a student on the business economics management and law foundation course could then go on to do a politics degree yeah so you certainly could I'm not sure why you would do that except perhaps you thought economics would be very helpful for you but you absolutely could do that and I think what we find is that as the year progresses and you develop more awareness of what SOAS is like and of what different subjects are about certainly when I came out of secondary school I had no idea what anthropology was or what international relations actually involved studying but on the foundation year you learn more about different academic subjects and maybe you'll develop your interests and change your mind so I would be hoping students will change their mind as the year goes on and as I said whether you're on female or business management economics and law stream or the social sciences arts and humanities stream you can choose a degree from anywhere on SOAS. Okay I've got a question from Jay and Jay asks how is the foundation year assessed? How is the foundation year assessed? Okay so you have on the foundation year a core module academic practice which runs for the entire year you have a core module or a module that continues throughout the year called which is your introductory course to business management economics and law or social sciences arts and humanities and then you have four other modules so for each module you might have different assessments so on cultural fluency for example you have a presentation and a portfolio and on world from SOAS you have a portfolio and a long essay for academic practice at the end of the year you do a kind of micro dissertation where you write a research based essay on a topic of your choosing but in general the majority of the assessments will be essays because we're trying to train you to write fantastic academic essays because when you go on to your degree that will be the most commonly way that you're assessed but assessment overall over the entire year you can expect to produce portfolios presentations different types of reports and essays and just the technical part then of the assessments is that you need to pass your modules on the foundation year or you need to get a certain amount of credits so you'll need to pass your modules but if you were to not pass a module the first time you can resist in the summer. Great thank you a similar question I guess is this course taught through lectures mostly? Is this course taught through lectures mostly through I think in your 10 hours or your 10 contact hours a week you would have two hours of lectures yeah so I would say you'll spend more time in seminars with with the lecture but with the emphasis being on you contributing your own ideas your own reading and discussing ideas and issues and arguments with your classmates. Great thank you an interesting question here is do you believe that western culture will ever evolve from patriarchal domination due to the fact that globally other cultures have been westernised through patriarchal ideals making it harder for minorities to be heard or even accepted? I mean the the short answer is that I can see things changing very slowly in the environment I live in the United Kingdom right now and also in Ireland where I grew up and I also lived in in Korea Thailand Argentina and Ecuador in my 20s and I've seen changes in terms of not only equality in terms of gender I think there's also a global growth in awareness about equality and issues of representation to a huge extent because of social media and access to information but I mean whether we will see a dramatic change in my lifetime I don't know I actually don't know how to answer that question yeah but very good question maybe we should try would be the best answer I could give maybe. Great next should I take AS or A level exams for the foundation year or any other exams such as proficiency in English? Well that would depend on the backgrounds you're coming from I'm taking it you're are you studying in another country if you haven't got A levels or AS levels? I will see if I can unmute them. Do you hear me? Yes okay all right I don't have any AS level because I'm from Russia we have only a tight exam and actually so we have a proficiency in English and which is only Cambridge one and I got an FC exam recently I passed it so do I have to pass another exam such as CP or yields or something like that and should I take AS level and how to prepare for them during foundation year? I don't think so but I think what you should do is contact the foundation year address available on the website I'm afraid I don't know the exact answer to that question and I imagine that we'll need some measure of English proficiency and some evidence of having completed whatever education you've completed but I can't see why you would need to take AS level or A level while you're on the foundation year I'm sorry I can't give a more absolute answer but I'm sure we could help you if you could contact me. Thank you, thank you very much. Yeah okay thank you another question we've got is how many students does one class usually consist of? So the classes the average class size at the moment is 23 students per class um so but I would expect you know with the way class sizes work you can expect class sizes I would think of about 16 to 20 students per seminar. Thank you and uh so next question is what would be the pass mark for the foundation year? So the pass mark for the foundation year is the same as the pass mark throughout SOAS for every year of your degree which is 40 but remember that that's not a percentage in the way that the academic marking scheme works that's not exactly 40% but yeah 40 is the mark taking into account that 75 would be a very high mark. I've got a question from Anonymous which is could you go over the maths aspect of the foundation year please? I can try I don't teach maths thank god so we have a module called Quantitative Reasoning and Numbers in Term 2 which introduces some practical aspects of using mathematics and data for academic purposes. You don't need any experience of doing maths to take this module it really is just there to help you learn how to use data and numbers for your academic studies. We also run additional mathematics support classes for those students planning to go on and study economics um because for the micro component of economics you need stronger maths skills so we have additional support for students who will need more sophisticated maths skills on their degree. Okay great thank you very much this question you might have already touched upon but the question is I affirmed for the Humanities Foundation year and remember reading about making a portfolio as an assignment through website development and marketing how does that relate to the wider range of course content and modules? Okay so there's also there's a module called Digital Skills and Technology which aims to help you develop the type of technology skills you may need for academic study but also for work life so I mean Narina Narina I don't know if you actually can help me here because you've experienced the module itself I've only seen the work that the students have produced and they work on producing things like um what was I going to say they have produced work like a video cv a digital portfolio utilizing different type of technology skills and then we use some of those skills on cultural fluency for producing the final portfolio but in general I think that that module is more focusing on the type of skills you'll need in work life than in academic life like I said is it is it Narina who's the student rep? Yes um so yeah it's a summary yeah of what you were doing on digital skills and technology definitely so with digital skills it was very much like you were saying creating a video cv creating a hobby video so it was a lot about developing your digital skills as it were so um warming how to create tables from an excel spreadsheet learning how to use things like Adobe Spark to create videos learning how to copyright correctly which is very important you don't want to get in trouble for plagiarism and um also think learning things like coding html coding embedding that onto a website creating your own website so it is um very much like robin said learning skills that you're going to need in your work life but it's also very useful in the sense that um for example learning how to create tables from an excel spreadsheet of data we're going to need that a lot in terms of writing reports so writing reports um having these tables in them referring back to them sourcing your data correctly so um that is what I would say is a summary of the digital skills and technology module um but I can definitely say it's a lot of fun and it's very it's very different to the rest of the modules in terms of the things you learn as well as the way you're assessed so yeah that's what I'd say okay great thanks Narina okay have a good time for one more question uh which is are there mentors for new students who join at the foundation year absolutely so every student is allocated an academic advisor um that academic advisor is somebody who you can draw on for support doing the foundation year with any academic issues you're having that academic advisor will be able to hopefully help you with any non-academic issues that are affecting your studies maybe not in terms of giving you personal support themselves but directing you towards different um departments we have which can help you with those issues and also the academic advisor then should be able to help you move in forward in terms of maybe the degree choice you want to make or the skills you feel you need to develop to handle your degree great well uh thank you very much for attending session today I just want to say thank you to both Narina and Robin for for giving the talk and of course thank you to all attendees here today and I hope you enjoyed the session and please get in touch with us on the addresses available on the website if you want more information


Live from Austin, Texas, it's theCUBE. Covering DockerCon 2017, brought to you by Docker and support from its ecosystem partners. Welcome back to theCUBE. I'm Stu Miniman. We're here at DockerCon 2017 in beautiful Austin, Texas. Had a great party down on Rainy Street last night, 5,500 people and many of them, a good majority of them made it to the keynote this morning but we're digging in with a lot of guests here. Happy to welcome on to the program. I've got a returning guest in a new role and I have a new guest.  We caught up with you at a previous cloud role that you've had. Deepak, since first time on the program, you've been with Puppet for a while now but can you give our audience a little bit about your background and your role? Sure, so I've, software guy, have been programming forever, done a bunch of different startups. I actually lived in Austin and was part of the Austin startup scene for quite some time. So I lived, I went to school here, so I've been here for maybe 15 years. Is that a hook of horns or is that a hook of horns? Yeah, yeah. Absolutely. So, UT computer science. And also, fellow Texan, you know, not UT, but from RISE, so. That's right. There you go. Owls are okay too. But yeah, I've been working here for a while. Previous startup I was at did a lot of email archival and stuff like that so I was an early engineer there. We ended up getting acquired by Dell but that was during an era where we charge people based on storage. So the more we could store, the more money we could make but that was really early on into how you use software to scale out a bunch of systems and things like that. So that's how I got involved with Puppet for projects before I actually joined the company. So I ended up using a lot of that stuff to build out all the systems that we had. You know, maintained a lot of relationships with the community, had a lot of patches inside of Puppet Core. So eventually joined the company. So now I've been there for about six years. CTO and Chief Architect. So I'm responsible for all the ones and zeros, I guess. And overall technical strategy. All right. So Omri, how long ago did you find Puppet? And tell us about your role. Absolutely, seven weeks ago. So, you know, fresh, brand new but very excited about this new role. As Deepak said, I'm also a fellow Texan. I went to school with the Crosstown rival and maybe the different city rival at Rice, but we've never, I don't think we've ever beat UT in football. Maybe once. So I don't even know what the Rice equivalent of, you know, hook and horns is. I spent many years at big companies like Microsoft where I helped start.net and was really deeply involved in Azure as well. As well as HP where I ended up being the general manager and vice president for the healing on platform. Before that, I did a number of startups including one here in Texas in Houston that ended up going public. And, you know, the fun thing about coming back to Texas, I was, the last time I was here was OpenStack Summit in Austin. It's always going to get great Tex-Mex. So really enjoyed that last night as well. All right. So Deepak, you've been with Puppet long enough that, you know, there was no docker in there.  Can you walk us through it? You have an architect role. How does containers impact, you know, your product and how your customers are using you? I mean, I think it's, there's a lot of interest. I think there's almost not a, I don't think there's a single customer or really user that I go and talk to. And I talked to a lot of them that are unaware of containerization, right? Like they know it's a thing. I do think though that a lot of them are trying to fit it into their brains. And I think that's kind of the main role, I think, that we kind of play because the products that we build and all the projects that we have, the open source or commercial stuff, you know, it's all about helping people automate, deploy, manage all the software that they've got, no matter what kind of software it is. So containerization to a lot of these folks, they come to us kind of asking, okay, well, I've heard a lot about it or I'm getting a lot of pressure from development teams to start deploying stuff using it. How do we adopt that kind of technology in a way that comports with all the rest of our practices for managing our software, right? Which for a lot of customers, they're still in the process of evolving because a lot of the people we talk to, they come to us to kind of move from more of the older way of managing, deploying and automating their stuff into more of a DevOps kind of mindset where rapid iteration, continuous delivery. So the technology is definitely a big part of it. The processes are also a big part of it, but ultimately I think they come to us saying, this is really cool. It seems very different than virtualization. So how do we actually deal with that? How do we enforce security policies on all these things? How do we deploy it? Can we share code? How do we stand up the container infrastructure itself? I don't know anything about software defined networking. Now I have to. How do I get that expertise and how do I configure that, manage it and the applications themselves that are containerized now, they're just architected and built in many cases fundamentally different ways than software of previous generations and that requires a lot of uplift of the rest of an organization in order to make that stuff possible. So it's happening, but I think there's definitely a gulf between the kind of leading edge and a lot of the stuff that we've seen here in the keynotes today, which has been awesome. There's a ton of great stuff they've announced for systems builders and things like that. I can build custom kernels and all kinds of stuff. That's great, but there's a huge gulf between the bleeding edge tech like that and that tool chain and what I think most enterprises can fit into their heads, what they understand, what they have established practices around and we have to meet in the middle. Obviously we can't bring all the new tech and make it snap to this line of how we used to do things because that's not going to work, but simultaneously we can't just shift everybody over to doing absolutely everything brand new because they have this thing called paying customers and revenue generating software that's already running. So how do you bridge that gap and that's where I view our role is being that bridge to the future. Absolutely, one of the things I liked in the keynote, they said it would be great if we just had this kind of easy button that we do things, but I think as you said, it was you help customers, take what they have, help move them forward, help that make it easier. Maybe when we talk about, you joined the company, why is it exciting at Puppet these days? How do things like containerization fit into your thoughts going forward? Absolutely. I'm super excited to be at the company. I have worked most of my career really serving the developer customer, the developer constituency. And one of the things that I saw working in the container ecosystem over the last few years is that there really is a lot of excitement from development in organizations around effectively packaging microservices in a new way. And the advantages here are real. There is a lot of acceleration that you get, but the larger movement of DevOps is actually how you get that agility, that velocity that Ben was talking about in his keynote today. There's only one mode and that is quick. And that resonated strongly with me because we saw that exactly at large companies like HP and obviously at Puppet now, where at the core of the value that we bring to our customers is helping them transform, helping them do things in a more kind of cross-functional way in a way where they can accelerate delivery from taking months to taking days or even hours. And Puppet's point of view largely comes from the ops part of DevOps and our customers are asking us, what's our role? What's our evolving role in this new world? And that's exactly why it's so exciting to be part of a company that is actually bringing that unique point of view. And most of our customers are asking, great, containers, now what? What about all the things that we have to worry about? What about security? What about compliance? What about reporting? What about kind of having visibility into my entire state of things? That doesn't change just because you go from running things on bare metal to running things in VMs. With containers, you have another order of magnitude increase of the number of things you're managing. And so the management challenges just become larger. And our job, the way that we see our job is to really help our customers transition, employ these accelerant technologies like Docker, like containerization, and the container platforms, but doing it in a way that, make sure that these operators continue to be able to do their jobs to get the visibility and the control they need to make sure that they deliver on the objectives of the business as well. Yeah, I had an interesting conversation with Solomon Hikes earlier on theCUBE here. And he said, his background was actually on the operations side. And when they built Docker, it was with the developers as their customer. What I throw it out to the both of you is to kind of that developer operator and then kind of your enterprise buyer. How's that dynamic changing? We've watched the whole DevOps discussion for many years as to kind of, who do you sell to? Who's actually got budget? Who makes decisions? Is it some C-level management that said, oh, I read about this and do it? Or the developers bubbling things up? Where are things today? What are you seeing? Well, I definitely think the sort of, the era of you have one or two really high-level buyers that make all these decisions about how everything is going to be architected. It's all going to be built in this way. It's all going to work in this way. This is how operationally it's going to work. Security is going to be enforced this way mostly by just saying no to things. The way we make things stable in production is to say no to making changes. If IT of the late 90s was a political party or the 2000s was a political party, the motto would be no we can't. Which doesn't make any sense anymore. So I think in 2017, I view, especially with respect to containerization, I think the big change is around empowerment. And I think the DevOps movement in many ways is about fostering collaboration and empowerment. So you don't want to have a separate security function that just puts, I'm going to secure this application at the very end of the assembly line. That doesn't work. Just like it never worked for quality assurance or anything like that. We'll make it work. We'll put QAN at the very end. Ideally, you want all of that baked in as early as possible. And I think stuff like containers has come, I think the rise of containerization has enabled developers to feel more empowered over a larger swath of the stack than they previously maybe had the ability to be. So if you believe in the idea of a container as being the unit of delivery of software in the future, I mean, that's a pretty powerful abstraction. So if I'm a developer at my laptop, I can put all kinds of stuff into this black box and the power is I have all the autonomy inside that box. I can do whatever I want with it. And that's really, that's very empowering. That's a lot of responsibility. I think the flip side though, and I think something that we've learned as part of the DevOps movement as well is that it can't just be about developer empowerment. It has to also be about operational empowerment. It has to be about security empowerment. If you think about it, there is, I think there's a future. I hope this isn't the one we actually get, but I think there is a future where for example, all developers are building everything with containers or like, great, I can put all the stuff I want in this black box and then here you go. Here you go operations team. Here's this black box and you can do anything you want with it. I mean, that's kind of a 2017 tech version of throwing it over the wall, right? Because the people with the page still have to care about what's inside that black box. And now if you have a hundred development teams doing thousands of containers all the time, that's way more black boxes that you have to manage. So if you're an IT director or a CIO or something like that, and you have to deal with your entire estate of stuff, that's a pretty gnarly problem. And then you have to combine that with all the previous generations of software that you still have and you still have to maintain. So I understand why our customers come to us a lot of times and ask us, is there a unified way that we can kind of model and manage all the stuff that we've got? How do we see inside a lot of these things that are opaque and they are black boxes? So I'm aiming more for a future where the container is used as that unit of delivery for software, but it's used as a coordination point where it's not just developers putting whatever they want in a Docker file. That's developers and ops staff coordinating to figure out how do we stitch these containers together into a proper application? How do we secure it? Does it meet all of our standards and things like that and that's pretty great. Like I'm very optimistic about that. That's a place I want to be in. I just amplify a little bit. It's great to be at a company where the users love the software.  And then we get a call from the CIO saying, hey, we have thousands of nodes under management. We would like to have a deeper relationship with you. Let's go have a conversation about that. So that's a fantastic validation of the value of the product as a tool of empowerment. And I would say that, just to echo Deepak's point, it's all about end to end velocity. If you're just making the devs go faster, you're not necessarily relieving the right bottlenecks. And we've seen that even in our own development, as I've come up to speed on how Puppet does things, some of the impressive pieces of focus really are on our own value stream, the technology value stream, in terms of how we get ideas to our customers. We always think about inserting operations folks, security folks, QA, development, product management, project management all together and collaborating from the beginning of a project or beginning of a sprint. And that, in effect, speeds up everything. So again, to echo Deepak's point, if you just make the life of the dev better or faster, you may not actually be solving for total velocity. Great point about why you guys are sticky, why your customers love you. Omri, I'm sure you've got a great viewpoint, but Deepak, feel free to chime in. The cloud providers themselves, I look at the platforms out there, I mean Docker is a platform provider, Amazon, Microsoft, Google, others out there, some of your previous employers build platforms and they're trying to simplify and add automation and do this thing.  Where do you guys become relevant or even more relevant as time goes on with these platforms? You want to start Omri? Yeah. Absolutely. So the cloud is the big platform disruption of our time in our industry and you're either going to write it or get washed over by it. And the most important thing that brought me to a company like Puppet is just this huge opportunity as our customers are moving to cloud platforms with more and more of their workloads, the ability to manage a more heterogeneous set of things becomes even more imperative, right? The more complexity you have, the more you need tools to help you manage through that complexity. And so as we see our customers start managing nodes in the cloud, our job is to make that friction free for them. So make it as easy as possible to adopt Puppet in AWS or in Azure or in any of these cloud platforms. And on top of that, I would say, we are also moving our entire portfolio to the cloud, to become cloud native, to deliver in a way that, again, takes a lot of the burden off of our customers' hands because if you see the move to cloud, one of the most attractive pieces of it for enterprises is that they can give up some or perhaps most or even all of the operations burden to another vendor. And that's an incredible kind of efficiency gainer for these enterprises. They don't want to run software anymore. Now, the vast majority of our customers still run software, not just our software, a whole bunch of other software, but their aspiration long term is to be able to hand some of that or maybe most of that management burden to their vendors, and that's exactly the journey that we're also on. So that's why I'm super excited to be at a company that sees that opportunity, that vision, and the expansion of market that gives us. I agree 100%. I think the big change for people that build applications or manage applications, if they want to put them on the cloud is at the amusement park, they have the sign where you have to be this tall to ride. If you want to have your stuff work in the cloud, you have to be this automated to ride. You just have to because otherwise there's no point.  It just becomes a really expensive, absurdly expensive way to run a traditional workload that isn't ready for something like the cloud. So that's why I'm really optimistic about kind of our role and our customers are really, we have a huge amount of coordination and involvement with them trying to get them that automated so that they can take advantage of a lot of this technology. I also think that just the idea of being able to, for a lot of our customers and users, moving stuff onto the cloud itself is that's challenging. I don't think it's as easy. I mean, I know there are plenty of people that have tools that do these kinds of things but I just don't find it that easy to simply say, yep, you can just forklift your thing and now it's a cloud app. There's more stuff you've got to do. And in my mind, I think step one, if you have an app and you have a workload and you want to move it to somewhere else, step one is you've got to model what that workload actually looks, how that works. You have to have an understanding of how that's supposed to behave. That way after you move it, ideally automation helps you move it. That's where stuff like us, that's where our software comes in. But at a minimum, if you've got an understanding of how it worked before, now after you've transplanted it, you can actually validate it works the way that you want it to work. So I think automation is non-negotiable. You have to have that. And if you're not using a platform that lets you do that, then I don't know, you're going to have a really hard time. And unless you're planning on having all of your infrastructure, 100% of your estate with a single vendor in the cloud, you're going to need a platform that works across everything that you've got from your mainframe, processing all your trillions of dollars of currency transactions or something like that all the way to the app you built a year ago that you thought was Ocarant. Maybe before you picked up a book on containers and the stuff that you're going to build tomorrow that's going to be cloud native. And you don't want 18 different tools from 18 different vendors managing stuff in 18 different ways. Because that's not really, I don't see that as a path to scaling out what you can do. Yeah, reminds me of another quote that Ben used in the keynote is you need to be past and future-proof. So we're going to have to leave it there at TPAC and Omri. Thank you so much for joining us. And thank you for watching theCUBE. Thanks. Thank you very much. In the queue.


Hello today, we are going to be setting up a next cloud server. I have a fresh debian install on a vulture server Vulture is just the VPS. I use you can use you can do this at home or on a virtual server like this But this is a fresh install a debian. It's minimal and we are going to install it Locally natively. I don't know what we'll have to say We're not using any packages like Docker or flat patch or anything like that. There's a lot of tutorials out there I'm doing that. I don't really use those type of things So I want to show you how to set up a patchy set up the database and then install next cloud She'll only take maybe 10 minutes. I have all the notes. So let's go ahead and jump right in over here on The computer I'm gonna not edit any of this There's gonna be a few parts where we have to wait for things to go But I want you to see how long this takes first of all so on the left here We are at the fresh debian install and over on the right. We're at films by chris.com Let's go ahead and go to software here, and then we will click on notes Right here and here you can search through all my notes And I'm just gonna type in next cloud and I'm gonna go to this next cloud install and set up This is the script that we're gonna be following or the commands We're gonna be following there should be a link directly to this in the description of this video So first thing we're gonna do is we're gonna set some variables I'm gonna download next cloud from the website just the zip file The current at the time recording this is 28. I would go there and make sure you have the most current version Right before I recorded this video I was following these notes and I had written them a while ago And it was version 24 and when I went to install it it wasn't compatible with the current PHP modules I had installed so make sure you have the most current here and your devians up to date And I recommend using debian stable because I once tried debian Unstable with next cloud and the the packages were too new for next cloud at that point. Anyway I'm gonna set some variables here just for later on in the script for where we're gonna download from and the Password for our next cloud database. So you're gonna want to You know create your own Password for the database next we're going to update our Package manager our repositories and they're gonna install Apache 2 and Maria database both server and client So I have it set up. I set up a domain name for this Next test to Dot films by Chris so the sub domain. It's not gonna work once you guys see this video I'm gonna remove it after that and as you can see I'm going to it and nothing's happening But Apache is running on the server. So why can't we do this if you're at home?  I've in your virtual machine You may need to open up those ports as well. So on vulture. I'm just gonna use IP tables here and this will open up port 80 and port 443 now Theoretically if I come here, there we go debians up and running Okay, going back to our notes here next. We're gonna install some PHP modules We need for next cloud. So we're just gonna install those using our package manager. That should only take a moment and Once that is done, I am then going to use my SQL as route and you're gonna want to you know set up your database Settings, you know set passwords and stuff and we're setting up here for next cloud So what it's gonna do is it's going to go into our next cloud are our this server's my SQL And it's going to create a database called next cloud DB Then it's going to create a user called next cloud or next cloud user And it's going to set that user's password to this. This is not the user you're logging in as this is the Username and password that next cloud itself in the background is going to use to access the database So we're creating that database setting users and we're flushing the privileges Next I'm just going to move into my temp directory and we're going to download Next cloud so we're downloading this zip file here, which again make sure you're using most current ones So you can just take this URL and just cut off the last part to releases and see what the newest version is currently It's twenty eight point zero point two once that is unzipped I have a lot of pseudo commands in here but I am running as root over here just because it's a Brand new machine that doesn't have any users But I'm gonna move into my web directory and then I'm going to unzip that zip file We just downloaded then we're going to recursively change all the permissions for the next cloud Folder to be Www dash Www dash data. That's the Apache web user on and group on your device and then we're also going to change all the permissions on Those files to seven seven five. So that's just permission stuff to make sure everything works Next let's go ahead and set up cert bot So we're going to install cert bot and Python cert bot for Apache Once that's done, we will then run the command now again if you're running this at home and you open up a port You may not be using port 80 when I'm at home here I use a different port to connect to my next cloud server for many reasons But I'm pretty sure cert bot needs port 80 to be open and pointed to this web server So take that into account if you're doing this at home And you have your forwarding ports on the router while setting up cert bot which you'll have to do at least every three months I think you have to research You're gonna have to open up that port 80 on your router and point it to your server. I'm not gonna go over that in this video I actually have a script that runs automatically in a cron job cron job that opens up that port port on the On the router points it to the correct machine runs cert bot and then closes that port So here it's gonna ask you some questions So it's gonna ask for an email address that it will send Information to when it's needed to update. I'm just gonna give it my junk mail account. Feel free to email that account It's my junk mail account. I use it for junk. I won't see anything you send to it Okay, next it's asking If we trust if we agreed to It's Licensing yes next I ask if it's okay if they share your email address or something I'm gonna say no to that and then here it's asking for the domain and in my case again I open I set the domain to Next test to dot films by Chris calm We oops Let me see thought I could I'll just type it out because I don't think it wants the HTTP next test to films by Chris Dot com so that's just where it's going to look It's going to create certificates and try to test them against that domain and that's why you need port 80 open should only take a moment and We're good. We now have SSH installed or sorry HTTPS secure SSL certificates. So now I can go to this server with HTTPS and it should yep so I'm at the same web server with Security enabled which you definitely want when you're running with the next code server This next part of the script is if you don't have a domain name It just gives you your IP address and you can go to it because you can access the next cloud server without Security keys, but you don't want that because everyone will see your traffic. So we should in theory be able to go to next cloud The folder on our servers so that and it actually worked that time earlier when I test it It told me a whole bunch of modules weren't loaded and although I could Enable those modules individually. I have the notes here, you know, if you get that error the easiest thing right there is to just reboot Okay, so now Next class up and running I'm gonna create a user So this is a user going to be logging in as and we will set up a password I don't care what it is at this point But a password you're going to remember It should automatically have the proper folder for next cloud unless you are linking things differently, which some people do next it's asking for your user for the database the password and the user names or the database name Which are all stuff we set in our script here. So if we go back here We're using Next cloud DB is the name of the database. So the database name next We'll look at the user which we set these are all things we set up here when we created the database So I just called next cloud underscore user for the user and this is all stuff That's gonna be running in the background This is not what you're logging in as with next cloud and then the password I set up here Of course, it would be whatever password you do and of course It's gonna be connecting back to the local host meaning when it's doing database stuff It's not going out to the network. It's just doing everything locally. I'll click install It should only take a few moments here, but it's going to set up things. It's going to create this user Using these credentials that will use that password and then it should log us in Now here for some reason it's trying to forward us to next cloud Like the website and I don't know why it does that it may be a glitch in the current version of next I'm using but I'll just go back to my next cloud to Film so I chris.com and there we go Since I just filled that out. It's logging in as that user I created it gives me a welcome screen and we now have next cloud up and running and I am logged in currently as You know administrative user So now I can go start installing applications like calendars and contacts and office stuff I also have a quick note here at the bottom Oh So yeah, actually a few more things to do these aren't required but suggested you're gonna be want to upload, you know Larger files, so you're gonna want to change some Apache configuration stuff So if you just run this command, it should automatically If if the configuration file doesn't change this is just changing a memory limits once you do that You're going to want to restart Apache. That should only take a moment and then I am going to go into this file For Apache and let me just forward session look for grant and this one that says a var www because that's where my Next cloud is I am going to change that from none to all Save that and again. I'll just restart Apache and that's just Making sure sim links are working properly and that you set up larger file limits and then down here This is just a command so when you're next cloud you can do pretty much everything through the web interface But you can also do stuff through the shells So if you wanted to for in this case, I am you can install Applications like this. That's just an example But I'm not going into the use of next cloud in this video. I'm just going into how to install it But again, that's how you install next cloud It looks like all together this video was 10 minutes and then includes the little intro and stuff so yes less than 10 minutes of Install time from beginning to end so I do thank you for watching films by Chris comm again I'll try to link to my notes there But again, I showed you at the beginning films by Chris comm click on software go to notes and then search for next cloud So you can look there and follow those notes again I don't update that script regularly because I'm not regularly installing new instances of next cloud But make sure you're using the most current version of next cloud and so you don't get any module in Modules can't connect because it for if you're using Debbie and stable You should be good if you're using those current version of next cloud if you're using Debbie and unstable You're gonna have to new of modules in some cases and if you're using an older version of next cloud the modules might be too New for or to yeah, same thing gonna be too new So just make sure you do things up to date and I once a month Make sure that I update my next cloud which can be done through the web interface or the shell But thank you for watching films by Chris comm. That's Chris of the K. I hope you found this useful And I hope that you have a great day