A very good evening aspirants, we are happy to announce that Shankar IAS Academy is conducting a free All India Prelims Mark Test. As you can see, the test will be conducted across 13 centres, both in online and offline mode. The test starts on 15th of May 2022. Use this wonderful opportunity and check your progress with our free All India Prelims Mark Test. The link for the registration is given in the description, kindly make use of it. Welcome to Indian News Analysis brought to you by Shankar IAS Academy. Today is 13th of May 2022. The list of articles we are going to discuss today is displayed on the screen, you can go through it. Let's start our discussion with this previous year question. See this question was asked in the year 2019. Let me read out the question, consider the following statements. The 44th amendment to the constitution of India introduced an article placing the election of the prime minister beyond judicial review. And two, the Supreme Court of India stuck down the 99th amendment to the constitution of India as being violative of the independence of judiciary. And we have to find the correct statements here. See the 39th constitutional amendment act said that the president is not answerable to a court of law for anything done while in office and the exercise of his powers. The act also mentions that matters relating to his election should not be brought before a court of law but should be entrusted to a forum other than a court. And the same reasoning applies equally to the incumbents of the office of vice president, prime minister and speaker. So here it should be 39th constitutional amendment act instead of 44th CA. So statement one is incorrect. And regarding statement two, it is correct, it is a very easy statement. We have discussed this so many times in our daily news analysis. We know that 99th constitutional amendment act 2014 provided for national judicial appointments commission. The NJAC Act was enacted by the union government to regulate the procedure to be followed for recommending names for appointment as chief justice of India and other judges of Supreme Court and chief justices and judges of high courts and for their transfers. Here on October 15th, a constitutional bench comprising five judges declared the NJAC Act unconstitutional on the plea that it would affect the independence of judiciary. So here statement two is correct. Since statement two is correct and one is wrong, our final answer will be option B2 only. Now look at this question. See this question is directly taken from this article which I firmly believe because I don't find this much detail in any of our NCRTs. See exactly all the statements which are asked in this question is given in this article. If you find time, please go through this article. That's why it's very important to read newspaper every day. Just a casual reading of this article would have helped you to select the correct answer in that examination. See in this news article, there is huge paragraph dedicated to the titles given to Tansen alone. Now coming back to me and Tansen, he was born as Ramathanu and later came to be known as Tanna. There are many legends over and around his life. It is said that he could produce any sound. The story goes that once when the sadhus were crossing a field, they heard a lion's roar and located it to a young boy sitting on a tree. They advised his father to send him to Swami Haridas for training. However, it is believed that Tansen was born dumb and was taken to the Sufi saint Murshid Muhammad Gwaliori. On reaching Gwalior, he visited the Sufi saint and found him in the company of Swami Haridas. The saint blew air into the mouth of the child and Tanna began to peek. When the saint came to know that the child was also deaf, he blew air into his ears and he was cured. The Sufi saint then asked Swami Haridas to take him into his fold. Thus began his musical journey. As I said, this article mentions the title given to Tansen. Note that Tansen was the title given to him by Raja Vikramjit of Gwalior. Tansen was a court musician in the Darbar of Raja Ramachandra of Bandhavgarh. And when Akbar heard of his talent, he sent a foreman to the king asking for Tansen and made him one of the Navaratnas in his court. He gave him the title Mian. So, statement one is incorrect because Mian was the title given to him by Emperor Akbar. Since the question demands incorrect statement, our answer here will be option A. See, the article also mentions that Abul Fazal records in its Aini Akbari that Akbar gave rupees 2 lakh to Tansen for his first performance in the court. There he composed many Drupats on Ganesha, Shiva, Parvati and Rama. He also composed songs on his patterns. So option B and C are absolutely correct. The article further mentions that he invented the Night Raga, Darbhari Kanha, Morning Raha, Mian Ki Todi, Midday Raga, Mian Ki Saarang, Seasonal Raga, Mian Ki Malhar. So option D is also correct. Again our final answer here is option A because the question demands incorrect statement. Now let's move on to our first article discussion. Friends, see this open article, this article is again with respect to inflation. See more editorials and articles regarding inflation has been in news consistently and experts and policy makers are giving their different opinion in different perspectives. So we can definitely expect a question on inflation this year. And coming back to the article, it says that on May 4, the Reserve Bank of India decided to raise the benchmark interest rate by 0.4 percentage points to 4.4 percentage. See there has been a growing demand to raise rates over the past few months. And this is because there is anxiety over retail inflation exceeding the central bank's tolerance limit of 6 percentage. And in this article experts discuss whether the RBI delayed the rate hike. This is the crux of the article. And in this context we will discuss the points mentioned in the article that are important for the examination. But before that the syllabus relevant to this article is highlighted here for your reference, just go through it. Now let's start the discussion. Let's start with inflation. See inflation is the general rise in the price level of goods and services. It reduces the value of currency. And you have to know about inflation targeting. It revolves around adjusting monetary policy to achieve a specific annual rate of inflation. The principle of inflation targeting is based on the belief that long term economic growth is best achieved by maintaining price stability. And price stability is achieved by controlling the inflation. See the amendment to the RBI Act 1934 which is effective from June 2016 made way for a flexible inflation targeting framework in India. It defines the primary objective of monetary policy to be maintaining price stability together with the objective of growth. To operationalize this command government of India notified a medium term inflation target of 4 percentage with a band of plus or minus 2 percentage. That is inflation should be in the range of 2 percentage to 6 percentage. And the inflation target is fixed in terms of all India CPI combined issued by the central statistical office. So in this Upad article we saw that retail inflation breached 6 percentage and RBI has increased the interest rates. See before anything let's see the connection between interest rate and inflation. See in a fast growing economy incomes go up quickly and more and more people have the money to buy the existing bunch of goods. As more and more money chases the existing set of goods price of such goods increases. In other words inflation happens and to control this inflation a country central bank typically nudges up the interest rate in the economy. By doing so it incentivizes people to spend less and save more because savings becomes more profitable as interest rates goes up. As more and more people choose to save money is sucked out of the market and inflation rate moderates. Now coming back to the article keeping this in mind only RBI has increased the interest rates. But there has been questions why RBI has not increased the interest rates before itself. Why it has to wait till it reaches the tolerance limit of 6 percentage? For that the expert said that it has been a tight rope walk between growth and inflation. It is because the world is going through an abnormal period that started with the onset of COVID-19 followed by the Russian-Ukrain conflict. Since March 2020 central banks globally did everything they could to support growth. But the supply shocks across the globe due to COVID started to feed inflationary pressures. See as per the article RBI have the cushion up to 6 percentage of inflation. For abnormal conditions such as what we are experiencing in the last 2 years. As inflation has threatened to remain consistently above this 6 percentage as per mandate it was imperative that the RBI's focus shift from growth to inflation. And according to the article February was the right time to take actions against the rising inflation. Another expert says that economics cannot have a perfect model like when inflation goes above 6 percentage you cannot immediately hike interest rates. This is because the 2 to 6 percentage range is just an indicator. RBI might have waited to see if the war would stop or if oil prices would come down drastically. See if the practice of monetary policy is as simple as creating a model an algorithm could do a better job than a central banker right. So according to this expert this is a good time to raise interest rates with this information let us see is the interest rate hike actually a great way of controlling inflation. See actually depends if the inflation is largely because of problems with the supply chain then the problem with the supply chain only has to be addressed. And also note that the interest rates in the market are determined by the market forces and not by the fiat that is the government. So what else should RBI do to control inflation? See as per the article an interest rate hike is a necessary but not a sufficient condition. The necessary condition has to come through managing the liquidity. Increasing the cash reserve ratio is one way to manage liquidity. A combination of available liquidity in the system alongside a benchmark rate sends a more comprehensive signal to the market on forthcoming financial conditions which will help moderate demand. See we are already witnessing cold shortages this will definitely impact the power tariff and there is also increase in the price of crude and food items because of war. And the inflation forecast is in the band of 6.1 to 6.3 percentage. So there will be a growth. See we all know that between inflation and growth RBI would most certainly lean towards inflation because inflation is like a very inequitable tax on the less privileged. Now what can government do to make the situation better? See the government can lower the excise duty on fuel. It will help alleviate price pressures from headline fuel cost. Also the center will have to optimize between revenue expenditure and capital expenditure. Note that the government has done exceedingly well through some of its policy initiatives during the COVID-19 years by adding significant thrust to domestic manufacturing in the form of production linked instant use for 15 sectors. And this is to be appreciated. But when it comes to supply challenges only the government has to take the measure because the RBI can only use tools such as CRR, SLR, repo rate etc. But tackling supply side issues is outside its domain. The government has a duty to ensure that the growth momentum does not falter. The government will have to continue to spend till the private sector starts investing. Because of the huge demand shock, private sector investments have taken a backseat. As the economy gradually returns to normal, the private sector will start investing in new capacities. The biggest enabler for new investments to happen is the government's investment in infrastructure. When you have good roads, poor capacity, good railway capacity and good telecommunications, people will start investing and generate demand in faces. Okay, so that's all regarding this open article discussion. In this discussion, we have seen the connection between interest rates and inflation. That is in a fast growing economy. Incomes go up quickly and more and more people have the money to buy the existing bunch of goods. As more and more money changes the existing set of goods, price of such goods increase, that is inflation happens. Then we have seen why RBI has not increased the interest rates before itself. The first reason stated is that it has been a tightrope walk between growth and inflation for RBI. Because central banks globally did everything in their capacity to support growth. Another expert said that economics cannot have a perfect model. But an RBI might have waited to see if the war would stop or if oil price would come down dramatically. And finally we have seen what can the government do to make the situation better. The government can lower the excess studio and fuel. Also the government will have to optimize between revenue expenditure and capital expenditure. And finally we have seen the government will have to continue to spend till the private sector starts investing. With these learned points, let's move on to next news article discussion. Friends, see this article here. The news article mentions that the event horizon telescope has revealed the first image of a black hole called Sagittarius A star. So what is a black hole? See a black hole is an astronomical object. It is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying. Since no light can get out, people cannot see black holes. They are invisible. Only space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. Just know that based on its size and mass, these black holes are of different kinds. There are three major kinds.  Apart from this, astronomers also suspect an in-between class or kind of a black hole called intermediate mass black holes. But here our focus is on the third type which is supermassive black holes. Because the black hole mentioned in the news is a supermassive one. These are the largest black holes. Massive in the sense that these black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as that of the galaxy they are in. Scientists also have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. So even our galaxy that is Earth's galaxy which is called the Milky Way galaxy has a supermassive black hole at its center. It is called a Sagittarius A. Know that Sagittarius A has a mass equal to about 4 million suns. It is located in the middle of the Milky Way galaxy. But the news mentions as Sagittarius A are in short such A star. Why? We will discuss this now. See initially about 50 years ago astronomers identified an area within the constellation of Sagittarius. This area was the strongest region of radio emission. Therefore they concluded this place as the likely center of the Milky Way. So this region was given the name Sagittarius A. Then as science and technology improved astronomers were able to pinpoint a more exact location of the suspected location of the supermassive black hole through a variety of techniques. This resulted in an improved location of the black hole in the question. And this location that is the improved location was then named as Sagittarius A star to separate it from the larger region of Sagittarius A. See this image here the bigger circle is the Sagittarius A and the smaller one is the Sagittarius A star okay. So now the Sagittarius A star is the one that has a mass equal to about 4 million suns. It is more than 26,000 light years away from earth that is it is 152 quadrillion miles away.  And now the news is that the event horizon telescope has captured the first image of this Sagittarius A star. In the image we cannot see the black hole itself because it is completely dark. But there is a glowing gas around it which is revealed in the image. So we can see a dark central region which is called a shadow. This region is surrounded by a bright ring like structure. So that's all regarding this news article. In this news article we have seen about a black hole which is an astronomical object and it is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space.  Then we have seen about Sagittarius A which is a supermassive black hole at the center of Earth's galaxy which is called Milky Way Galaxy. And as science and technology improved astronomers were able to pinpoint a more exact location of the suspected location of supermassive black hole through variety of techniques. This resulted in an improved location of a black hole and this improved area location was named Sagittarius A star to separate it from the larger region of Sagittarius A. With these key learnt points now let us move on to next news article discussion. See this article it says that election commission announced polls to 57 Rajasabha seats including those of retiring union ministers Nirmala Sita Raman, Piyush Goyal and Mukta Rabasnakvi on June 10. According to the election commission schedule nominations for the polls would be open from May 24 to 31. This is the crux of the article given here. In this context let us learn about elections to Rajasabha. First of all let us see about the strength of Rajasabha. Article 80 of the constitution lays down the maximum strength of Rajasabha which is 250. Out of 250 12 members are nominated by the president and 238 are representatives of states and of 3 union territories. Note that the present strength of Rajasabha however is 245 out of which 233 are representatives of the states and union territories of Delhi, Puducherry and Jammuankashmir and 12 are nominated by the president. The members nominated by the president are persons having special knowledge or practical experience in respect of such matters as literature, science, arts and social service. See note that there are 8 members elected from the union territories that is 3 from Delhi, 1 from Puducherry and 4 from Jammuankashmir. Please note this fact only 3 union territories have representation in Rajasabha and other union territories are not represented in Rajasabha. And also note that the fourth schedule to the constitution provides for allocation of seats to the states and union territories in Rajasabha. The allocation of seats is made on the basis of the population of each state. Consequent on the reorganization of states and formation of new states, the number of elected seats in the Rajasabha allocated to the states and union territories has changed from time to time since 1952. Now let's see the electoral college. See the representatives of the states and the union territories in the Rajasabha are elected by the method of indirect election. The representatives of each state and 3 union territories are elected by the elected members of legislative assembly of that state and union territories. The election is conducted in accordance with the principle of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote. See we all know that Rajasabha is a permanent house and is not subject to dissolution. However, one third members of Rajasabha retire every second year. And a member who is elected for a full term serves for a period of 6 years. That is the term of the members is 6 years. And also note that the election held to fill a vacancy arising other than the expiration of one's term of office is called by election. A member elected in a by election remains a member for a remainder of the term of the member who had resigned or died or disqualified to be the member of the house. Okay so that's all about the election of members to Rajasabha. Every point we have discussed in this article is very important. Just revise it. With these key learned points let's move on to next news article discussion. Look at this news article. This news article talks about the striped hyena. See this species is undergoing a steady decline. This created a fear that the species may go locally extant. Hence urgent measures are to be taken to conserve the population. See a survey of the species is yet to be conducted in the Sigur Plateau and the Moyar valley by the forest department. Also experts suggested translocation of hyenas to other suitable habitats. See translocation is nothing but the deliberate movement of organisms from one site for release in another site. Translocation could help the species starve of the risk of being wiped out from the region. This is the crux of the news article. So in this context let us learn about the striped hyenas in Prilim's perspective. See the scientific name of Indian striped hyena is hyena hyena. It is a mammal of the carnivora order and hyena family. They hoop, rumble, low and laugh when they are excited or on sensing danger. Hyenas are like wild dogs and are top predators that compete with other species. Striped hyenas usually live alone and difficult to spot. This is due to their shyness, nocturnal nature and habitats which include rocky outcroppings, dense scrublands and wetlands. When we talk about the location, they are found in India, Central Asia, North and East Africa and West Asia. Now we will see about the physical features of striped hyenas. See striped hyenas port a dog-like appearance with a long black muzzle and large pointed ears which provide excellent hearing. Their gold and brownish gray fur is lined with black stripes that stretches from neck to tail. This camouflage them in the tall grass and a bushy mane.  This helps them save energy while traveling long distances in search of food. See, when you take the spotted hyenas, it is one of the Africa's top predators. But the striped hyenas are mostly scavengers feasting on the carcasses of large animals. They have exceptionally strong jaws to chew up bones, hands and hooves and has a digestive system that can kill bacteria in carrion. See, when we talk about its food habits, as I said, they are predominantly scavengers. Its diet consisting mainly carrion and human refuse. It feeds on the carcass of large and medium sized mammals such as zebras, wildebeest and impales, etc. And they even eat the bone from the carcasses if the meat has been picked up. Note that it sublimates its diet with fruits, insects and occasionally by killing small animals like rodents, hare, reptiles and birds. So by eating the carcass, these species are performing a great role in completing the food chain. And talking about the social behavior, it is said to be a solitary animal roaming alone. But recent researchers show that they form small groups of up to seven animals in areas with abundant food or water. Then coming to its conservation status, the IUCN has categorized it as near threatened species on a global scale. Now coming to the reason for decline, it started declining in the Sigurd Plateau in 1980s and 90s because people reared cattle in pints. After the carnivores preyed on their cattle, the farmers would poison whatever remained of the carcasses of cattle. When the hyenas again preyed on this poison carcasses, it would eventually die. It also caused death of vultures. The reason for decline does not just end with these, there are so many reasons like habitat loss, etc. See lack of monitoring is being one of the major reason for population decline. So that is all regarding this news article. In this news article, we talked about thrived hyena, its physical features, habitat and food habits. Then we have seen that the IUCN has categorized it as near threatened species on a global scale. Then we have seen about the reasons for decline of thrived hyenas. With these learning, let us move on to next news article discussion. Look at this news article here. It talks about a twin satellite mission of ISRO. This is to study impact of space weather on upper atmosphere. In this context, let us briefly look at this twin satellite mission in prelims perspective. See the Indian Space Research Organization plans to build an identical pair of satellites. This twin aeronomy mission conceptualized by ISRO is Disha H and L mission. Disha here means disturbed and quiet time ionosphere thermosphere system at high altitudes. This will be launched in the lower earth orbit that is about 500 kilometers above earth. To be specific, among the two satellites, Disha H will be at high inclination orbit that is it will be at an inclination greater than 85 degrees. Then when you talk about Disha L, it will be at low inclination orbit that is it will be at an inclination of about 25 degrees. Note that these satellites will simultaneously orbit the earth at an altitude of approximately 400 kilometers. See all these are done to study the earth upper atmosphere. Just look at this image to observe the upper atmosphere. See the purpose of the mission is to study the physics and chemistry of this upper atmosphere. Now comes a question. What is the reason for studying upper atmosphere? See the upper atmosphere or high atmosphere is the first location to suffer the sun's fury before it percolates further doubt. Am I right? Hence capturing the magnetic latitudinal and longitudinal effects becomes crucial because these effects play a major role in the manifestation of phase weather events and its effects on earth's upper atmosphere. See the space weather is governed by the eruptive phenomena from the sun. This phenomena affects the ionosphere thermosphere system severely. Also the perturbation percolates to the lower altitudes depending on the intensity of the solar events. As I said these Disha satellites will study space weather and solar terrestrial interactions. This will help provide advanced warnings based on space weather happenings. So preventive actions can be taken quickly. So that is all regarding this news article. In this news article we have seen about Disha satellites. These two satellites will carry identical payloads. Disha H will be placed at a higher inclination from the earth equator while Disha L will remain at a lower inclination. Okay see that data generated by the proposed ISRO's solar mission that is Aditha L1 and by Disha satellites would help to understand the sun earth linkages. With all these key learned points let's move on to next part of our news article discussion which is nothing but preliminary practice questions discussion. Look at the first question it is related to election of members to Rajasabha. Consider the following statements about election of members to Rajasabha. Statement one a person to be qualified for the membership of the Rajasabha must not be less than 30 years of age. Statement two the presiding officer of the Rajasabha is elected from among its members and we have to find the incorrect statements here. See here statement one is correct. This statement is about the qualification of members for election to Rajasabha. They include he must be citizen of India and he must make and subscribe oath before some person authorized by election commission and he must not be less than 30 years of age and he must possess such qualifications as prescribed by any law made by the parliament. Okay so here statement one is correct and regarding statement two it is incorrect because the vice president of India is the ex-officio chairperson of Rajasabha and Rajasabha chooses deputy chairman from among its members. So here statement one is correct and statement two is incorrect and the question demands incorrect statement so our answer will be option B2 only. And look at this question. This question is regarding Haina which among the species is or are listed under least concern in IUCN red list. Statement one spotted Haina. Statement two striped Haina. Statement three brown Haina. See here the correct answer will be option A1 only because the spotted Haina is listed as least concern in IUCN red list. Other two Hainas that is striped Haina and brown Haina are listed as near threatened. Okay so our answer will be option A1 only. See today you have two quiz questions one is related to the black hole and the other question is related to Disha satellites. You can easily answer the question from our discussion itself so find the answer and post it in the comment section. The main question is displayed here write your answer and post it in the comment section. If you like the video hit the like button post your comments and share the video with your friends. And don't forget to subscribe Shankar I.S. Academy YouTube channel. Thanks for watching.


Climate change is expected to increase displacement of population in the future. Today, people are already displaced by climate change. One person is being displaced every second by disaster. And we also feel that climate change and conflicts are interrelated. Droughts, for example, in Syria has played a major role in the trigger of the current crisis. And when you ask people why they move, it's usually a combination of environmental factors and conflict factors. So it's all interlinked. So UNHER has a role to play because we have major experience in displacement management, but also we have, I mean, in the case of climate change, you can really prevent and reduce this displacement. And that's why we're here. We're here to help states, to support technically states, to help them prevent and reduce future displacements. It's amazing to see how human mobility issue has been in the draft text in all the versions so far. So we are very pleased with that. However, it has always been endangered because it's either under brackets or as an option. So far, it's addressed under the Last and Damage article. And this article is endangered because it's a very political, sensitive issue. So far, both the agreement and the COP decision include human mobility and as well as the preamble, which has a reference to migrants. So we will be supportive of having option two of the article on loss and damage preserved because this is where the mention of displacement migration plus relocation is. And in the draft COP decision, there is language on human mobility under brackets and we hope these brackets can be removed. From the very beginning, we were clear that climate change, human mobility should be under both adaptation on loss and damage because there are so much you can do to prevent displacement. You can increase the resilience of people so that they remain with the leave. You can encourage migration and dignity if people have to move and you can plan for relocation in dignity with participatory measures, including communities in order that people are moved out of our way, but that their human rights are preserved. So far, there is no mention of this issue under adaptation. I think it's really a pity, but in the loss and damage language, there is this planned location migration mentioned. So you can bring back these adaptation issues in the loss and damage itself. And the frontier between loss and damage and adaptation has always been very obscure. So it's not like everything is being separated forever. So in the past, we only had a reference in the COP16 in Cancun and then in Doha on this issue of human mobility. And that's why it's vital that it is addressed now in the COP in Paris for setting up the next years of climate change regime in a way. It's amazing how the work of interagencies through the advisory group, working all together, bringing common messages to delegates has been powerful because now in the text, the way it's framed is usually using our language that we've been recommending. So it's good because we are not like lobbying, but we are more advisors of states. And I think it's well perceived. It has built trust. Also, we can see how the media are interested in the issue and how many side events happened and how good the speakers are and they are all saying more or less the same things. So I think the issue now has gained a lot of visibility and credibility and it's unavoidable that it needs to be part of future climate change regime. Okay, I can speak clearly about the cooperation between IOM and UNHCR. ILO so far has not been so much involved with the advisory group and the UNHCR-IOM collaboration, maybe more with IOM, but not so much with UNHCR. So it's amazing if there is one issue UNHCR and IOM are very well working on.  I think we have realized we are really complementary. IOM is really dealing with migration and dignity. UNHCR has developed guidance on planned relocation and is more on the protection aspects when displacement occurs. So we are very complementary. And I think in this field of human mobility and climate change, you can see it's cross-sectorial. So that's why you need all the agencies that has worked on one of the sectors to be involved in the policy. And so this is what the advisory group is trying to do. And I think it could also involve more actors in the future, such as ILO, OSHA and other actors that has not been so much involved so far, but could be more involved in the future. So it's really important that on this issue we all work together because we all bring it a part of expertise and a part of the solution that needs to be coordinated in order to identify what are the gaps, but also to avoid that there is duplication that is not helpful.


Greetings and salutations. Happy new year to everyone. I thought to share my own two New Year's resolutions and It's thought to give you some thoughts into For the coming year. Now first and foremost, I know that there are a good few guys out there who are feeling a bit black-pilled about the situation in Europe and America and to you I would just like to say that even if you can't change the Situation overall you can always change yourself. So if you're feeling black-pilled about the situation In Europe and America focus more on yourself focus on what you can do to yourself to improve your own life your own Individual as it were and then when you have improved yourself when you have leveled your game all through the Mental physical martial social etc. You will be in a better position to change other things So point being if you're feeling black-pilled turn that into a glorious pill embrace the quest of self-improvement Get good or get wrecked. That is my profound wisdom for today so keep the keep your head up and Embrace life with a smile even though things might look a bit dark now on to my own two promises last year I had one of the promises I had was to finish my book and Yeah, it is almost finished. I just need to read through a bit more and Finish up some chapters and then obviously it's a process to release it So I aim to have it released in March or April. So almost there the second promise I have to myself and To my daughter is to get to obtain my hunter's license and the reason for this is beautiful in its simplicity I obviously want to be able to bring my my daughter my family the best possible nutrition and I can do so in a morally reasonable way and that is to hunt Because in Sweden for example where I am at we have a unless we have hunters maintaining the wildlife We will have a surplus population of deer and wild boar and an overpopulation of a certain animal such as deer Or boar will lead to Detrimental effects upon the environment, especially for said deer and boar So humans are needed to maintain that since there aren't any other predators do it in certain areas So that falls to humans to maintain them and for me personally if I can get a good high quality cheap source of food Because you don't make as much financial gains as a political dissident I'm afraid to tell you all so if I can do that in a good way That is all the better and also this is absolutely not something I will enjoy in the least I will not enjoy killing an animal, but here's the thing. I'm not the vegan.  It's a difference between you know hunting for The fun of it and hunting animals that should be protected and hunting to maintain a certain population So no worries. I'm still a great friend of the animals, but we also have a responsibility to maintain the wildlife So anyway two promises Release my book and obtain the hunter's license so I can start hunting good cheap high-quality food for My daughter and for coming children that is the only reasonable course of action and Yeah, I wish you all a very happy new year and I hope That you set the pace high view this as a unique opportunity to start With new routines, etc. It might sound a bit cliche with this whole new year new me But if you are if you know you have things to improve on you can do it now Whether it be your training your diet your reading game, whatever start now So thank you for watching xoxo boom


Alright, but for real in this vlog in this episode, we're gonna get real talk, okay? We're gonna get real Serious gosh that is a blinding that son the real talk is this Why does everyone well not everyone why do a lot of people hate on the Johnny Q spinner? Like genuinely I don't understand the the actual hate with with what I do on tiktok I don't get it. I don't under like I just I don't get it It's just spin arts on tiktok like yo, it's just spin art on tiktok like come on now the comments really All right now that I'm parked here and settled I'm just gonna read some of these Comments and some emails that I get from crazy people the amount of time you have to take out of your day to Leave a comment and a negative and mean one at that is just mind-boggling to me and honestly I don't get it so here's some of the The stuff that I that I get sometimes on my tiktoks. This is a comment on one of my tiktoks This isn't real art. This is his side hustle laugh emoji I actually make art the one that takes me one to six days to make not putting a bunch of paint and spinning Okay, I understand how people would probably see my stuff on tiktok and see and say to themselves Hey, yeah, that's not real art, but honestly, what is real art? I feel like not one person can define that I do however think that art makes you feel something and evokes emotion inside of Him or her looking at a painting a piece of art whatever it may be if it evokes emotion It's art.  First of all that comment grammatically is just terrible and second bro This is just hate. This is just jealousy and the I don't know what people are going through But I think they see me they see success They see what I love to do and they get envious because of that now do these hate comments get to me of course not They really don't and I'm telling you that in all honesty that they really do not get to me. I don't cry I'm not like hang, you know, I'm not hung up on them and it well I guess I'm making a video about it, but But it's not something that affects me if that makes sense And this is the last one I'm gonna read because I don't want to give any more praise to the haters and the negative comments Okay, and this one's kind of like this kind of caught me off the guard.   Maybe I release your 612 number This is crazy like this person apparently has my phone number somehow. I don't even know I found online and make your life even more hell and I will think about it. Good luck and have fun failing It speaks to the people who are hurting in this world. It speaks to the people who would just Don't know how to be happy for anyone else and if it's not their success. It's not real success. Well to that I say Boo, I say it again. Boo to the who boo boo, okay? And so this is the last video. I will ever make about the haters. This is the last video I will address the negative comments the hate comments on any of my platforms I just wanted to make this video because I feel strong that if if you get hate as someone Who's trying to reach a goal to reach your full potential to you're getting hate comments You're getting hateful messages. You're you're getting jet threats. You're getting threatened on social media Well, then guess what? You're doing something right and that ladies and gentlemen It's time to actually dig in even more not sit back. Okay.  No, no, no, no, no What you got to do is actually triple down on what you're doing because what you're doing is working Just a couple of my thoughts on my negative comments on my haters On tiktok on Instagram on YouTube and in email. I know this is kind of a different format But I wanted to share my thoughts and my feelings with you guys and as always thanks so much for watching This is the Johnny Q vlog. Peace All right Dude hate comments. It's just spin and yes, I'm finding lots of success and it's just


In the last year there were two times that there was a very real chance. I could have died and I'm here I couldn't be happy. So I got to tell you all this story. Let me date back a couple weeks. I uploaded a video I said I'm heading to Detroit. I'm on the way the gamer saloon hit me up So they're hosting a $10,000 price pool NBA 2k tournament. I said I'm coming through Troy That was gonna be there dirt the cast or we have crispy flakes in there So I was excited somebody's guys I liked in the community You get a chance to link up shoots and videos whatever so I'm on the way They played for the flight in the hotel, but last minute will he tells me he also wants to come along They will leave come through but instead of driving his Chrysler 300 say I said drive my Honda Accord It's a lot better on gas. So we decide will he drives to Detroit. I fly to Detroit. He drops me off at the airport So I leave my bags with him because I don't really want any carry-on or any extra luggage no check-in I don't want to deal with that so I get to Detroit before him of course me and Troy didn't actually have the same Flight yet a connection in Toronto on his way to Detroit. So we get to Detroit We take the Uber we get to the hotel only a couple minutes passed by Before the chaos begins so we'll eat calls me says y'all I'm stuck at the border because they saw my camera for whatever reason They think that we'll eat needs a work visa to get into United States Which is weird because if it was a work visa, I would need it not we'll eat But every single time I'm in the airport I explained to customs what I'm doing and then I just click B1 for temporary business when I'm getting my Borned pass and I'm straight. I've never ever had to sign up for a work visa Usually those are reserved for longer term things like if I get a job at Tesla or for example the 2k league and I have to go to LA For example to play a game, then yeah, I'm gonna need a work visa. That's an actual long-term job in the US So it was weird the reasons they were holding him up. They saw a camera Alert went off in their brain and they're like we can't let him through we see a camera I just got an iPhone X. Well, he just got an iPhone X. They have wavy cameras on the iPhone He's stopping everybody with iPhones now. Like the logic just didn't clear up to me I there was a bunch of old guys there and maybe that they saw a DSLR and immediately thought he must be a professional filmmaker But that might have a $3,000 camera these professional films. They got hundred thousands of dollars for one camera, right? So anyway, it's just some confusion there. Will he get sent back from the border? He said that they were treating him like a criminal. They were fingerprinting him apparently they cupped his ball sack It was the old but he told me detail was very very disturbing and it all happened because he had a camera Is that where we're drawing the line now? Is that is that where the real danger is in cameras? Come on, man We really could have just booted up the camera sort of in the last video on there and it would have said Yeah, this guy's talking about jump shots. You can let him through man It's making fun of Mike Wang and Ronnie 2k for those who don't know Windsor and Detroit are on opposite sides of the Canadian and the US border So I was on Detroit on the US side and Willie was in Windsor on the Canadian side And so of course since Willie has my laptops that day was supposed to upload a Facebook video and a YouTube video I said I got to go back right though I get in a taxi there's a taxi to the hotel and the situation just begins to escalate man The taxi driver is like a six-year-old black dude, right? He seems chill and cool, but his wife is there now My dad was a cab driver My mom has never been in the whip with him while he was doing his job So off rip and alert goes off now I know a little bit about taxis But not a lot of it though my dad would always get like a new car every four years You'd have to make sure everything was super clean the car was stray like his papers were in order Like it's a pretty rigorous process that they go through and this is gonna provide context for what's about to just happen right now Before I get in any ride in the US I asked him if they take credit because I don't have American cash on me and so he said yes I get in the car, but in the middle of the ride He says can I see your credit card and I go It's weird for me in Canada It is ludicrous to give somebody your credit card It is almost unheard of if somebody if I went to Tim Horton's on the drive-thru and they said give me your credit card I'm driving off right if I go to St. Louis Wild Wings and they say yeah, give me your credit card We're going to back and pay for it. I'm leaving. I'm leaving I'm not paying for anything if you're gonna take my car because they can just take pictures of your car and Sell it off to the highest bidder is too suspect But in the United States anytime I've been to LA New York, Arizona DC and now Detroit They just take your car and then come back with it whenever they're done paying for it themselves. It's suspect So I didn't feel comfortable with it But I gave him the card a couple minutes go by and I start asking questions like yo is everything okay Yo, can I get my car back and he starts asking me weird questions like what's your zip code if you're from Canada? We don't have zip codes. We have postal codes, but I don't tell him that he doesn't need extra information I just tell him I don't know what do you what do you need it for my guy? Like you have my credit card for no reason by the way, just give me the machine I'll pay for it myself. He doesn't do that He starts asking me what my pin number is on my card and that's when I start to lose it Not only is his wife in the car He's asking suspect questions and now he's been holding my card for over three minutes I look in front of me and if you guys ever been in a taxi They actually have their license plate on the back and it said it expired two years ago now my dad is a cab driver I know they got rigorous rules. There's no way a taxi driver's driving around. We're an expired license for over two years I take a picture of it and immediately I tell him yeah, no, don't worry I just hop into ATM and get cash now for those of you who don't know Generally speaking Canadian cards don't give you American cash on American ATM. They usually get declined I've never I've been in New York and I've been in LA plenty of times over the last couple years and never has my card Worked in the ATM, but still I told him dropped me off at ATM because I needed a way to get out the situation So surprisingly it worked. I don't know how I got the American cash But I did so I had money to pay him just in case he went berserk, but I called my bank I said cancel my shit immediately so they cancel my credit card after a couple security questions They're sending me a new one in seven to ten business days And so I feel like I had that situation handled I told him I'll take it from here and I was left off right by a duty-free store So for those of you who've never been to the Ambassador Bridge It's one big giant bridge that connects the Canadian side of the border to the US side of the border It's not a bridge that you can walk on you need a car to get through and will lead had my car on the Canadian side of The border so I'm in a dilemma. I called a couple guys I know in the area I called a couple taxi companies and after an hour and a half of just waiting I finally got a guy who's willing to drive me over it was a five-minute drive for $100 But I said I'll take it because I'll lose even more money if I don't upload my Facebook and YouTube video Hi guys, I'm having such a blast I'm here at the duty-free store if you guys can see behind me is a giant bridge that I'm not capable of walking on so I'm currently stuck man.  Not only am I gonna miss my YouTube upload I'm gonna miss my Facebook upload link in the description and on top of that Uh, I also have to stream on Facebook. So it is I mean, it's a lot of fantastic stuff Oh, by the way, I'm supposed to be at a Detroit pistons game right now and I had pretty good seats I'm also gonna miss that I'm guys really the best day in my life today. It's crazy So after a dilemma I get to the border and I also get sent back So now me and will either both on the Canadians out of the border we link up I get in my car and we drive back to Toronto I wish this is where the situation ended. All right, but it wasn't it actually didn't even get started I stream for a night for the night Facebook link in the description if you guys want to watch those and then next morning I wake up super exhausted, but I tell willy Joe. I told everybody I was gonna be at this event in Detroit I can't not show up and so I get up We drive to Detroit again. It's a four-hour drive to Detroit So believe does the first two hours and then a blizzard starts to hit and of course it's in my car So will he's like, yeah, you gotta drive. I'm not driving this blizzard. I say, okay Now there's a couple things you gotta know about my car. I'm on the way to this event And I want to get there on time, but I have low profile tires and my car is lowered So that the space in between the top of my tire and the rim of the car is very small So anytime there's water like a lot of rain or there's slush or a lot of snow or even like a pothole There was a very real chance my car can spin out the tire can flatten if it hits something too hard and bumps against one Another is not really the safest car to drive and I didn't even know that before I bought the car But I learned that as I was driving the car. So anytime I drive I'm always juicing potholes and bumps and things of that nature So for two hours, I would almost lose control and then regain control for any of you who have driven in snow before You know, I usually the safest way to drive is to drive on the tracks that the cars in front of you have created So because people are driving in front of you and the snow hasn't been paved yet It just makes sense to drive where they've driven It's like when you're walking to school in snow I'm much rather step where somebody else has already stepped so I don't mess up my kicks or my jeans or whatever the case is So after a long treacherous journey, we finally make to the border this time They're asking us a bunch of questions and they say do you have anything in the vehicle that we should know about and If you lie to them and they find out you're in a whole load of trouble. So I I'm trying to be honest I say yeah, I got a camera and Immediately they go off again. They hear camera. They're like yeah Stop your car get inside sit there for a minute and we sat there for what felt like a 45 minutes Maybe doing nothing and they started to ask me all these questions now the gamer saloon paid for the hotel in the flight But they didn't give me any money past that so they were saying I needed a work visa But I don't cuz I'm not getting paid for this It's not work the content that I was gonna vlog there is for my own channel But it's not contractually obligated by gamer saloon I just want to do it for myself if I'm gonna be there and Ben Wallace is gonna be there and a bunch of youtubers It's gonna be cool content. I want to record it for me and has nothing to do with them So I was trying to explain that situation There's a lot of old guys who never really understood YouTube usually when I'm at the airport I just for the boarding pass. I just click B1 for temporary business and I'm fine. I explain the situation to customs I've never had any issues with this before is the ambassador bridge for whatever reason between Windsor and Detroit They got something against cameras every time I go on the buffalo side of the border I've never had an issue. I literally drove to GameStop to get VC And I spy we had the DSLR out vlogging at the time and we've never had that issue So it's just it's just so weird the inconsistencies But regardless after a while they call up Brandon from gamer saloon and they finally let us through after she explained Yeah, we're not getting paid. This has nothing to do with work. Stop wasting our time.  I don't know what it was It was the Motor City Casino Hotel.  I say bye I Ain't sleeping here. We're literally going back to Toronto. Say bye Detroit is a unique area man. I've never really been to a city like that before Oh We get to the hotel again we get ready we move on to the event It's been about a thousand million issues. I at the border finally got through. I'm here at the event It's a good little vibe. They got two kid running not gonna lie though. They have for night. I might be destroying folks I'm here with Troy Dan And my iPhone camera is wavy. It's a new phone. Hey, what y'all think man? I got an iPhone I skipped on the pixel too. We got magic boats Damn they got they got cheap headphones at the scores table man You get these at Dollarama I got dollar on my head. Oh my god. I got dollar on the head for this course. It was crazy But why he's a stretch big now, right?  He's a stretch secondary There we go, of course man numbers. How many shots did you take? I don't know none. I'm taking a shot yet. Why not cuz I Yeah, try to shoot the ball for a second You can tell the people you should exactly like magic Johnson. You got ourselves a winner I actually haven't played a five-on-five game on 2k This entire year, you know, I was curious what the meta was but everybody who's just using Yanis and LeBron Burning ice so on a five out. So it's basically exactly what I expected The event was cool at the end We actually got a chance to talk with Ben Wallace for a bit and ask him a few questions I'm gonna be in Orlando in April for a play this live. Oh, okay. What day are you guys in it? 1250 okay, all right, it's gonna be the first Grand to the winner first cash prize ever in RC racing So, you know, I want to bring it to the forefront. I want to you know add cash prizes to it because Right, why don't you play 2k because it's hard for me to play with anybody else but myself It's a childhood dream, so you gotta live it to the fullest People on Twitter if I could ask you one question. It's a question that it means a lot to me What do you think about LeVar ball? I?  It ain't happy I Thought the event is over all our all our struggles and issues are done with right We just drive home and lay down and sleep in Toronto So I don't even want to stay there for the night or wait for my flight back I just drove back with the lead So I was driving the first two three hours and we was gonna drive the rest but The situation got so much worse because of what happened next. Okay, so here's what happened All right, there's two lanes on the highway Now there's a lot of respect in Canada for the left lane more so than America in my experience If there's a driver and he wants to pass on the vehicles usually the trucks in the slower vehicles stay on the right lane And then the faster vehicles stay on the left lane. It's a good.  He went into the left lane driving super slow And so my oh I gotta pump the brakes make sure I don't slip into anything skid out of control or anything like that I'm like, I want to pass this guy. I'm not gonna stay behind him forever I don't know why he went on the left lane and so I go to the right lane and as I start to go to the right of him I hit a patch of snow in between the lanes and my car skips But it's done that like maybe 30 or 40 times throughout the drive has been a blizzard for like 12 hours now So I wasn't tripping. I just tried to regain control as fast as possible except this time unlike all the other times I Fully lost control of my car where otherwise I would skip it. Oh, I'm good this time I skipped right and with absolutely no control my car flung to the left There was a truck to the left of me that if I was I don't know how close cuz I wasn't I wasn't doing measurements at the time I was pretty focused on not trying to die. I Could have been a feet or two away from hitting these tires and absolutely getting my car crushed And if that happened there's a good possibility the truck also spins out And there was a lot of other people nearby the damage would have been collateral and so I'm in a situation now where I'm so Focused will he has a seat belt on I don't so immediately knowing that if the airbags deploy and I don't have my seat belt on I'm done like I'm losing teeth. My nose is breaking.  Was it a good idea? I don't know. I had no idea I just knew I didn't want to be near this truck and almost died The truck made zero effort to move out the way Disrespectful truck I ever seen in my life now There's plenty of trucks that cut me off in the left lane throughout the ride But this one didn't even make an attempt to just create some space when he fully saw my car lose control because he Now immediately as my car is going off the right side of the highway I don't know what there is. There's no lights on the highway. It was a pretty dead area It was like in the middle of nowhere So not only was there no lights the snow was like this thick and I'm not exaggerating It's been snowing for like 12 hours straight and it's high grass and my car is low-profile tires It had no traction. I stomped the brakes and I was shaking my way down and Immediately of course by the time my car started to spin will he just flinched up and What can only be described as a miracle? Not only was there zero damage to the car the airbags didn't deploy. I was fine. Will he was fine Nobody got hurt. Please flash the light in my face.  Will you what do I do with the truck? So my car started to spin out out first of all, you don't tell nobody. I wasn't on my seat belt So by no means could I've had the airbags deploy?  Basically.  Why is nobody stopping to help us?  All right. I need to get some help What you want me to do bro? It's my car It can't handle the snow bro. It can't handle the snow I could have landed in that ditch In a myriad of other ways in which my car would have toppled over And the airbags would have definitely went off and if the airbags went off There is no way for me to get outside my car because there is the the snow is so high the door wouldn't have opened So the lane that I went down when I flung my car off the highway was When I tell you it couldn't have worked out better if I waited a little longer I would have fit a ditch and maybe my car would have been stuck. Maybe it would have flipped I don't know but when we looked around after the crash I thought what the fuck? Literally the best possible angle I took and I didn't even know I was taking it. I just got really really lucky Lee immediately looks at me. He goes.   I we were okay. Nothing happened. The car is fine We were stuck in the spot and we had to call the police So I called the police and the police patched me over to the opp and the opp finally gets there Hey, I don't know what it is, bro. The canadian cops are some cool people, man Well, we got a touch up coming.  Yeah, did the other cop give you that? He took the license and registration. I think he gave it back, right? Yeah, that or he gave it back It's a little cold for shorts. I didn't think I was gonna be in the situation.  They made a joke about how I was wearing shorts I'm like, oh, I didn't expect to be in a ditch in the middle of nowhere All right.  Yo tow truck is finally here Oh snap But uh, I'm gonna sell my car It literally makes zero sense to have this car at this point Not only does it have a million blind spots Which also led to a separate accident which is for another day is is such a liability Literally any other car would have made a regular lane change But I guess it wasn't even the accord as much as it was the customization to the car Which I didn't do by the way I bought the car like that and I didn't even know the car was like that when I bought it It just looked cool and I was like, yeah for that price. I will take that Anyway, I'm here now. I'm back in Toronto. I'm super happy about how everything went out I mean, I've been through pretty horrible days where everything is going wrong And this was definitely a sequence of a few days where it felt like that was happening. Anyway, uh, that's where I am Right now. I kind of just want to play a fortnight, bro.  You know I'm happy with how everything turned out. Um, but that's the story man It's been a crazy past few days if you guys enjoyed drop a like subscribe if you guys are new And I'm out peace


All right. Hi, everyone. Oh, I'm so loud. So thank you for joining us right after lunch. We will try to make sure that you don't fall asleep. If you also would like to make sure that no one falls asleep, there's a mic in the middle. So this is a panel discussion. We, well, most of us are really good at talking, so 40 minutes should be all good. But if any of you have questions, please grab the mic and ask them because we would really, really love to have a conversation with you and just answer those questions that you have and make sure that you get all the information that you would like to learn about. And before we dive in, we have just a very few like overview slides to get into the topic that I will let Beth to talk about shortly. Thank you. So I'm gonna be just kind of giving a level set what this is all about and what we've been doing and then we'll get into it. So, I'll just skip this for the moment. So this is the edge computing working group update session. So the edge computing work group has been furiously working away for what, about 18 months now. So, so what, and you're saying, well, edge, everybody's been hearing about edge. So I just wanna talk a little bit about what that means to us, which is that we're applying cloud infrastructure type architectures to not just within the data center, but we're blowing it out to the edge. And we'll talk a little bit more about what that edge means. It can be the far edge. It can be down to a cell phone, although usually not, or it can be a smaller data center depending upon your perspective. So, just wanna touch a little bit about the history of the group. So, it really came out of a, September 2017, so just about two years ago, there was an Open Dev Summit with 200 people showed up. We were really surprised. And the topic was edge computing. And I say we spent the two days arguing about what the definition of edge computing was. And so, what came out of that is we then did a white paper which was published in March of 2018. You can read it on the OpenStack website. And then we started diving into what that meant. And we started building use cases. And again, we'll talk a little bit more about that going forward. And then we started actually engaging some of the OpenStack projects to insert code that would support edge type use cases. And I wanted to say that Ildiko and I have been doing the tours. Sort of spreading the word about edge computing which has definitely become very hot. And when we went to the Open Networking Summit in Amsterdam in September, and we ran a session during that summit, and we were very gratified to hear from several people that they're actually using our use cases that we've been developing to develop own app and some of the other standards in open source services. So they were very grateful for the use cases we've been developing. So the working group is definitely a working group and it's open to all, it's a community. And with that, I bring it up to Ildiko. We'll be fine over there. Thanks. Yeah, I have my own mic. And Beth has too. So thank you for the summary. So I would like to just basically ask the panel what would you like to highlight from the latest activities? What's new? What's exciting? Okay, so I think what's new is now the work that was started about the MVP edge, let's say. So this MVP edge is a minimum viable product solution for the edge and the target is to define the requirements and do the implementations for an edge solution which is like very close to what we currently have in OpenStack and this is something what we can start working on and actually people are already working on it. So I think this is a good development however we should not stop working on the requirement and the use case clarification for the let's say ideal edge solution. So for me that's the highlight. So I'm relatively new to the group but what I've been getting out of it is identifying a lot of the gaps that are in OpenStack and what we need to do to support the edge as far as federation of Keystone, federation of images, things like that. There's all kinds of gaps that we're identifying and hopefully we can solve those issues down the road. So I, which to hold. So what I'd like to say is one of the most exciting things that I found about this group is how much the edge has really taken hold in the community and also the intersection of containers and OpenStack has been very exciting to me and I know there's gonna be a lot more discussions about that at this summit and continuing. So it's not either or it's both. We're doing this in order. I guess I should add something as the last in the line. So I think what's been most interesting for me is we started talking about this a little over two years ago and then there was a lot of commercial activity ongoing and what we've seen in the last six months is companies bringing out their actual implementations into OpenSource was installing X come out and start to look at how they integrate with Mainstream OpenStack. AT&T have come out with Airship which isn't exclusively an edge technology but it's built to accommodate that use case and that's really what we're looking for. It isn't the let's build something for the edge. It's how can we apply these technologies in an edge context and I think that's something that Airship can really help with and bring to the table. But it's the code that's actually coming out and becoming a community asset that's really changed in the last six months that I think is really exciting. Thanks. And what do you think our group should focus on? I heard containers, for example, I heard Keystone. So what are the biggest challenges currently that you think that we and the community should work on? Actually what I'd like to see is there's a lot of different groups working on edge related projects. I'd like to see maybe our group pull some more of them in. Like we're working with some of the Starling X people. We've gotten some Keystone and Glance people involved. I like to see more of that get OpenNFV people involved and because there seems to be a lot of fragmentation on how the edge is going to be implemented and if the more unification we can have the better because it's a very fuzzy picture for me at least right now on how it will work. So I think the more people that we get in a unified effort the better it will be off for everybody. Yeah, I would agree with you. I discovered there's 24 separate projects currently working on some aspect of edge and there's some cross-pollination but obviously not enough. So I think I do not hold us as the center of the universe, we're not. But we definitely are contributing and have a lot to say they can really contribute to the overall picture but we're not boiling the ocean. We're gonna concentrate on OpenStack because that's the name of the working group but that does not mean we're gonna ignore the other groups and we really wanna be more collaborative. Yeah, but I think it's very important that we go to other committees and we let's say synchronize with them and we share what we have with the others. Are there any ongoing activities that any of you following that you would highlight that we are already doing or what our group could do to be, I don't know, part of this ecosystem consisting of at least 24 groups right now? I'm gonna beat Gurgay to the button. That's actually on the last topic, I think it's a good question because it's not a question of are there lots of different people talking about lots of different aspects of Edge? There are lots of aspects of Edge to talk about and you can't do that in one meeting so it's actually quite healthy. I think what we need to focus on is how do we bring, we went dark, how do we bring the OpenStack capabilities into those dialogues? How do we make sure that the topics that are of interest to us and the values that we bring actually address those needs? Some of the things which are interesting, while we try and sort this out, I think you know who you are, so just keep talking. Exactly. The work that's been going on in Keystone is really exciting. How we work with security in a distributed environment, how we make sure that whether I'm deploying towards two blades in a basement or towards a large data center that I have the same toolkit, that I have the same way of authenticating, authorizing, providing access to users in those environments is really important. And I think bringing some of these data center capabilities out into these remote sites and allowing people to use them in a consistent manner is really the key to making this a success. If I have to do one thing here and one thing over there, then it's a nightmare and that's a nightmare we've lived with in telecoms for decades that we have to move away from. Centuries. So I'll speak to that because I'm living that pain right now and I think as we're developing products, obviously I'm coming from the telecom world, having a single platform is an enormous savings in terms of operability, supportability, et cetera. So it's really important for us to continue to work with the groups that are continuing forward with the services that are centralized but understanding that there are some specific requirements that the edge that are different from this center. I like to think of the edge as the superset and the data center as the subset of cloud computing. Okay. Thanks. I just thought that maybe Geh-Geh also had a thought before I made him stand up and if he still has. Yeah, so what's happening currently is that we have a testing task in case from what we're trying to solve. We are not progressing very well but we are doing something at least. There is a, in the MVP, let's say domain, there is a spec up for changing Keystone. And there is, I think it's two specs up for glance for image synchronization. So that's our, let's say the current task what we can or we could do. And this is where we need help from the project guys to do this work together. So Geh-Geh just mentioned MVP which stands for Minimum Viable Product. Could you elaborate on what that is? And also like what the panel's thought about reference architectures, is there a one size fits all solution? How does it look like today? No, there is no one size fits all. We can all go home now. I think there is a viable suite of products or a viable suite of architectures that are applicable. I think we need to come to what is that common set. That's something that we're really working towards in that there is no one size fits all but there is an ecosystem or a general architecture that we can apply. I think what that looks like is gonna bear out over time. It's not possible for us to say right now but we do talk about really important capabilities that need to go all the way out to the edge. Security is obviously one of them. Tenancy is obviously one of them. Not in all cases. I don't need tenancy on every edge but I will need it on some. There is a number of key items that we need to be able to move out and there are some projects which we're very central around about how we do that. Ironic of course becomes pivotal in how we're gonna do this because the edge isn't about VMs versus containers or anything like that. Bare metal is part of the edge. So is a VM, so is a container. I mean let's move away from that argument and let's look at what we're actually trying to achieve there and that is to create a ubiquitous solution that we can work towards. Yeah, I mean what we're trying to create here is infrastructure that's spread over a wide area network. I know some of the definitions defined by latency in terms of how fast you can get to the edge. I personally think that's just one aspect of it. I think the harder problem to solve is getting the federated tools out to the edge and making a decision how centralized is it and how decentralized is it and how autonomous does that edge component work if it's cut off from the network. So you cannot assume, unlike in a data center where you can assume that the network is probably up 100% of the time and if you're not you have a serious problem, at the edge you cannot assume that. So you need to develop tools and that's part of what we're working on, defining the gaps of how the tools have to change to fit the circumstances of the edge. Something I'd like to see us start working on more is bare metal provisioning as well. You mentioned, ironic, I'm assuming you're specifically meaning bare metal nodes at the edge, right? But there's also provisioning, right? If you have a thousand nodes, are we gonna ship the nodes out with the bits on it which is kind of the current model and I don't think that that's a sustainable way to go. There's legal and regulatory issues with it too. Right, so how are we gonna handle this problem? Airship, I haven't really looked enough at it to know if that's what's gonna do it. But I think that that's a critical, critical problem is how do we do touch-free provisioning across the network, right? Now as you mentioned, there is a spec up for ironic to provision over layer three. So there is a work ongoing. I don't know the details. It's that fish. We should probably be talking to those guys. You can, they are not here, guys. So we're talking amongst ourselves. We're actually discussing, we would like a Q&A. We wanna hear some questions from the audience, if possible, if anyone has any. We may be talking about the wrong things and you wanna hear about something else, for instance. I have a question. There's commercial solutions there on the market. For example, Adva has one of them. How do you see the commercial vendors who are ship solutions either compared to what you guys are trying to address or collaborate with you? I am very familiar with Adva. Yeah, they have a great product. It was actually started sort of before Edge was sort of a thing. And I see it as a good feedback loop that I would like to see more vendors participating in the working group to hear the requirements and also to add to the work. And just to add on to that. I mean, there's no point having an open source reference if it's not making its way into commercial products. If we're not able to use it in a commercial environment, then we're just making it as a hobby and that's not really why we're here. So the way I see it is the more we can provide into that ecosystem, the more they can leverage the capabilities we produce, the better. And more importantly, we welcome the... We're not an echo chamber or we try not to be anyhow. So Adva's a good example too of they built a solution before OpenStack really supported the Edge. So they're leveraging OpenStack but every node is basically its own OpenStack. And they have their own layer of software on top of that that talks to each individual cloud. So if you have a thousand nodes, you have a thousand OpenStacks. And it works. But this is why we're trying to analyze the gaps in OpenStack itself and provide a better way of doing things. Yeah guys, two question. I see very different requirement in terms of high availability. So specifically related how you build application in the distributed environment and how do we embrace the distributed computation in the sense, right? So from your perspective, and it's back to the point where your site isolated or age isolated, the autonomies, et cetera, right? How the solution looks like or what are the input you see from specifically from the telcos, right? Because the Edge is going to be primarily probably, it's a primary target is a service provider, right? They own the infrastructure. Now, and so what are the requirements you see as input? It's a first question and the second question is related from the pure protocol stack related to the storage, right? When you start distributing the data center, you have a lot of IEO going in and out. So what is the, is there any work that you know trying to solve specifically that problem? Two question. Yeah, let me answer at least partially both. So the first one, HA, yeah, absolutely, you need to do it. There's a lot of different ways that can be done from the telco perspective. Of course, we're most interested in HA of the network, the routing and the security and all that stuff. And you can do it at a number of different layers in a number of different ways. And yes, it has to be done, but I think the other dimension which, I see it from the telco perspective, but the other dimension is the other applications, particularly the IoT applications, they need HA as well. And that's, I don't think that's been addressed at all. I know that the telcos are definitely addressing the HA requirements for the network piece, but the other piece I don't know. And I think that's something that we could work on as an architect or as the working group. I think that would be something that would be of value. And the second question was kind of lost. The IEO part, right? So you could imagine if you start actually doing initial placement for every site, and you have, let's say, the centralized data center that the images stored, some were centralized. So you have to copy the data, right, over the run to the page at the initial placement. The storage, yeah. Yeah, so my experiment with the glance, I mean, you can't really get a decent performance out of it. So I'm having a little trouble here because I'm half deaf, but you're talking about glance caching in particular? Generally, right? So you, at initial placement, let's say you have 200 gigabyte, I don't know, the image, right, that you need to actually copy over the run on the edge side with the servers. Yeah, you can't. I mean, because it takes hours, you're absolutely right. So there's two answers, I think. One is you can preload, or you can sort of limit the amount of data that you're pushing over the wire. And the other thing is, I know there's a lot of work around, I don't know if you've had a chance to take a look at what AWS is doing with the S3 gateway and some of the other work that they're doing around caching and mapping data across between, out to the edge and then back into their data center. So there's definitely work happening right now around addressing that problem, but you're right because the network, it's not a 100 gig bandwidth like you have in a data center. Yeah, but the initial backhaul, you take the hit, but then you get the benefit that is cached locally. So especially, take the Netflix use case, so there's the initial hit you take on the backhaul, but then the edge, the proximity to the user is now improved. Yes, I agree, but the question is from the protocol stack, right? Because right now, if you're using iSCSI, it's not really optimized over the band, right? So if you have a drop on iSCSI on the right or read, et cetera, right, you have to accommodate. So from the pure protocol stack for the storage that you communicate to your data center, you need to use certain protocol that can actually solve this problem, right? Who can actually be resistant to the packet loss or packet reordering or whatever you have in your van, right? And iSCSI is not the best protocol for that. Oh, iSCSI isn't, I agree. I know that Amazon's been doing some work with it. They're doing some proprietary stuff around that, but you're absolutely right, that's a gap. Hi, David and Beth, I'll try to take this one and actually promote. We have a free 20 session calling Pushing OpenStack and Seth to the Edge, where we're gonna tackle not just Seth specifically, but as an example of open source, exactly these topics. David touched on one critical element, which is glance images. And guess what? You need to make glance images available. You need to have metadata available at the edge site. There's a great move in, not in AWS, actually here in this room, we have the PTL of LAN sitting here. This is one of the key areas that we're developing as part of the Edge working group. That's one aspect. Second aspect, don't think about edge in one layer. This is, the service is not going from the core side all the way to the far edge. We're not trying to push IO from core to edge, right? So in fact, when you're gonna move with your mobile device, right? You're gonna move from place to place. You need to get the service from the local closest point of presence, right? And that point of presence may be just two servers, maybe one, right, at that point. But this is where you're gonna get the, so it's a low latency, the very short hop, that's the problem of trying to solve not the biggest problem of going all the way from the main data center of the cloud to the far edge. So we encourage if you have more questions in this area specifically, join us at 3.20 for that session. Thanks. Thanks for your question. I was gonna chime in and say, there's work going on in this. I think one of the things that builds on that that we're looking at is essentially a topological view, coupled to a security view of different sites that we have. And this is something that's come up a few times, we've dug into the details of when is it okay to store images on a site? Not only from a storage perspective, but also from a security perspective. There may be sites where you don't want to be storing a lot of information because they don't have physical security and things that you might take for as assumptions of a data center. And while I don't think we're yet to the point where we're ready to actually inject capabilities on those topics, we certainly have had them, they're captured in most of the working group activities that we're doing. And at least on the Keystone side, I know we're working on the topology and the security aspects, but we haven't yet sort of overlaid, let's say the physical aspects of the different sites into that yet. But that's an area of interest and an area of work. And if you do have an interest, jump on the calls, it's something that we're working through, I think. Yeah, I'm acutely aware because my product, actually, we have security applications and there's certain countries we literally cannot ship these images to. So we have to solve that problem another way. Can I ask a question now? So I have one question. I think the performance of the edge side is inferior than that of the data center. So I think lightweight version of the open stack is needed for deploying on the edge side. Is there any plan or movements for this lightweight open stack? It's been a calling card of this working group from the very beginning. What do we need in different sites? What does, which services are required to fulfill which capabilities on different sites has been something that we've been looking at a lot. I think Beth has been one of the, one of the stalwarts of that message as has come down from AT&T, the lightweight open stack. How do we move that forwards? And it's certainly the case. It's, well, I'll let others speak. I've been speaking a lot. I can just add, I mean, thank you to AVTA because they did kind of the first big consolidation of cramming open stack in a box. So thank you to them. Yeah, there's, it's a collection of services. So it's not by nature, heavyweight. One of the exercises that we have done though is sizing. So the edge isn't one size fits all. So depending on what your use case is, you may have these small boxes on a telephone pole that are running your control plane and compute all in one. Or you may have, if you have a large caching edge node, you may have HA with three controllers and a full mini open stack. So really depends on the sizing of your use case as well. But that what you're talking about is definitely in the scope of what we're working on. I think the challenge comes in not so much what the control plane is, but what are the applications you wanna run? If I wanna run AI applications or video processing applications, then I have a need for FPGA or GPU access into the, through that control plane. And that starts to drive requirements on what the control plane can provide. And that starts to put a weight on what you need in each site. I think that's the link that helps drive what we're defining as the control plane in each site. And it's, I guess, a little bit slow going to bring that out and into these discussions. It's not driving, but it's on everyone's mind. And we have to sort of extract that type of information. What am I actually gonna do there? And then I can start to talk about the capabilities that I need and thus the services and thus the weight of the control plane I have to deploy. Thank you. Yeah, we have discussions ongoing about what services are you running in the different sites and what interfaces to use between these different sites. And these are ongoing discussions and you can find the results in the Edge Computing Groups wiki in the, how is that called? The architecture or? Which one? The one that we're looking for with the MVP. I don't know by heart, but it's linked on the main Edge Computing Group wiki. You will find it. I will find the links. Cool, yeah. I have one question. Either a coordination with ITC and Mac, ISG, and also there's a suggested framework worthy, if you have like a stateful application, then they are somehow considering a framework that allow the relocation for this application from one Mac host to the other. So do you consider this use case or not? That's definitely use case. That's a firewall security use case because they're stateful, so. And they need to be high availability. Yeah, so what Etsy Mac is about is the application layer and now we are only, let's say, dealing with the infra part of things yet. Yeah, but again, the framework of having this VM mobility, I mean, moving the VM with the user. As the user goes, it's close to the rooming framework, but you have to move the application itself. Do you believe this is something that is doable or? You can't move the entire VM on the fly over a WAN, so you have to solve it a different way. But that is a requirement in Etsy Mac. Yeah, I mean, what to say? That's feasible. Is it the way that you would do it if you implemented an application? For me, I would look to try and move metadata between VMs and I would proactively spin up a VM in the right location and then I would transition state between them, but it's a question of implementation. Maybe I can't do that with the applications I'm dealing with and thus I need to move a VM. As a user experience, I can't imagine that would be ideal, but still, it's certainly a feasible approach. I think we look at things in this group from a, what does the performance look like in different situations? We're looking at, for instance, highly stateful applications at an edge and distributed environment. What are the types of characteristics that you see both from an application performance perspective but also a user perspective when you're doing that? And then the other types of applications such as highly concurrent applications, which may be sharing information more, then you may get a different dynamic in different deployment types. And these are some of the things that we're trying to draw out. Hopefully we get some white papers out next year which sort of say, when you're trying to do something like this, here is an architectural deployment model that is very good for that, and then we can actually start to move that needle a little bit. Any further questions in the room? We still have seven minutes left if anyone would come up with questions. What I wanted to ask, we talked about Burr Metal. And I also heard that, I'm not sure it's part of the 24 groups yet, but there's a new project forming in Open Compute, so Open Hardware. And I know that this is a software conference, but we are basically talking about open infrastructure. So I just wanted to ask your view on what edge means for hardware, and will this be specific hardware, real software remain hardware agnostic, or how do you see basically the two layers and them working together? Well, I'd be interested to see what comes out of Open Compute in the context of the edge. When I think of an edge deployment, I think of thousands of sites, and I think of never going to touch them again, because that's going to cost a fortune, whereas Open Compute has a slightly different philosophy with regards to hardware and how it works. Maybe in a home environment, that could work really, really well, where the home user could go and fix stuff. I'm actually not aware of it, but I'm actually kind of excited to understand how that fits into the ecosystem. But hardware is extremely important. I'm not a hardware guy, and there's probably hardware guys sitting here that should maybe address the question. I work for a hardware company, but I am a software guy. But UCPE looks very exciting from what I understand, so I can talk at a high level, is that it's very generic kind of hardware that can fit in a variety of use cases. And hopefully, if you had a very small edge situation, you could deploy one node, single point of failure, or if you had a larger situation, you could deploy HA. Things I'm also interested in is even lighter than that is where ARM may take a place in the future, which I don't know much about, but that's something that's back in my mind always. So in UCPE, there are contributions for an edge form factor, which would fit into a poll or something. Yeah, so some of the factors you need to consider. And I think the hardware vendors are starting to address that. And I suspect there'll be more edge-ready hardware coming out is the harsh environments. Obviously, I mean, in those exists today, you can get boxes that can be stuck on the sides of buildings. And a lot of the edge use cases are in harsh environments and also environments that you don't necessarily want to send the truck out to climb, the top of a steeple on a church where that's where all the cell information is out there, the cell equipment. So yeah, those are the types of things you need to think about with Edge. Is there anyone here from Lenaro by any chance? Raise your hands. No? So Lenaro is doing interesting stuff with ARM in OpenStack. And that's something that I would follow up on and see where they're going. I think it's interesting. There's the boring edge, which is my baseband processing unit and running those things in harsh environments. And that's the boring edge, because it's not generally available. It's very much the domain of whoever runs that. Then there's the kind of maybe more exciting edge, which is where you start to look at data processing and video analytics, which may be more considered to be generally available. This is where innovators will come in and deploy new things and do cool new stuff. And that part of the Edge is actually a little more challenging on a hardware perspective, because you need specific hardware to do it. You need that hardware at scale. I think what we'll see in the near future is probably, well, it's not already. But Edge company is coming out with proprietary hardware solutions that address some of these verticals, which are seen as some of the really important use cases for essentially driving Edge and the multi-tenant Edge, as we call it. But I mean, hardware will impact us. And as soon as those things come out and as soon as that becomes mainstream, we'll have to be here supporting that and making sure that our platform exposes those capabilities in useful ways and in safe ways. I just want to note that right now, most of the development in Edge is happening in the telecom world. But that's only, I think, from my perspective, the base layer platform, the really exciting stuff, that the futuristic mobile gaming and everybody talks about self-driving cars and that kind of stuff, that's on the base platform that the telecoms are laying down now. So I think we're going to start seeing a lot of that stuff happening in the next two, three years. You would say it's NFE heavy at the time currently as well? Yeah. So I call in. First of all, I want to thank you guys. This is a very important topic. And I do agree with Beth. A lot of it I see today is in the NFE world. All the requirements that are coming through. I 100% agree with you. My take is a little bit different. Are we establishing some specifications in terms of jitter and latency to say that if the jitter is above a particular threshold or the latency is above a particular threshold, the Edge paradigm dies. The reason I say this is when I see customers are asking for 400 kilometers, 1,000 kilometers distance advance, that's the kind of requirements that are coming through. And I'm wondering if at some point we say, you know what, at this point, the current Edge definition of the controller's been in the data center and the computer's been at the very extreme parameters is not viable. Particularly when you have VNFs that have to write two volumes back into the data center. I think what we'll see is we will start to classify sites and deployments. And they will have a viability to support certain types of workloads. And there may be that there are really strict latency and jitter requirements to run some types of workloads. As a telco guy, baseband processing is critical in that front. And some sites will be viable for that, and some sites won't be viable for that. And I think that's just, it then comes down to a question of deployment. And that's why we all get so excited about orchestration and how we're going to orchestrate and automate all of this sort of stuff. And that's a whole other dialogue. But I think it comes down to being able to classify the sites and understand the site's behaviors so that we can then ensure that we're deploying the right workload into that environment. And we're not there yet. That's really a gap that we have to begin to fill. But that really only begins to be filled when we move into that deployment in that rollout phase. Because we don't know yet how it's going to look and how these things are going to behave. But it's a really good point and something that is, let's say, next phase for us. Thank you. And with that, we are out of time. But before you all run out of the room, I just would like to draw your attention to the Edge Computing Group Wiki. So you will find all sorts of information about reference, architecture, use cases, and all sorts of work items that we are doing. And I would also like to draw your attention to forum sessions. Forum sessions are working sessions. So those of you who would like to get involved with this group or any of the OpenStack projects or Starling X, all of these are having Edge-related forum sessions in the next two and a half days. So please look up the summit schedule and hopefully see you there. And I would like to thank the panelists for the great work that they've done. And thank you all to come. Thank you.