Hey guys, what's up? Welcome to today's video. Today I'm going to be talking about why I didn't get on Instagram till I was 18 years old. And when I say that, your mind might be blown. You might be like, who is this guy? Where? What? Like, was he homeschooled? Yeah, I was homeschooled. But he may just be confused because that's pretty unusual. People get social media when they're like 11, 12, 13, especially nowadays. There's eight year olds running around with Snapchat, you know, accounts. And so it's kind of weird to not be on Instagram until you're 18 years old. And there are reasons behind that. And I just want to fill you in on some of the reasons and tell you a little bit of the story around that. So social media, like it wasn't like I didn't have social media growing up because I actually had a Twitter at like 13 years old. It was it was like, I don't even know why I got I think my older brother had a Twitter. And so I was like, I want a Twitter account because that seems like the fun thing to do. And and I'm sure you could probably find my Twitter somewhere out there. I'm sure there's lots of cringey stuff that I posted on there. And maybe one day I'll actually pull that up and read some of the stuff.  But why didn't I have an Instagram account? And to me, Instagram seemed like the funnest thing to be on like all the pictures. It seems really like more entertaining than like Twitter where just like quick quotes or quick, you know, tidbits or whatever. It doesn't seem as cool as Instagram. But actually my reasoning and why I didn't get an Instagram was what kind of thought out, you know, I did think it out. And there were a couple reasons. And the first reason was really I knew my struggles. I knew that I would be tempted to find pictures on there that wouldn't be appropriate, right? And that would give me another avenue to have to fight against that struggle, that struggle with lust, right? So in my decision to not get Instagram, that was a decision to not put another place where I could be tempted. Because if I didn't have an Instagram, I wouldn't be tempted to try to find pictures on wherever it would just be more available if I was on Instagram. And I knew that. And that's that's one of the biggest reason, the biggest reason that I didn't get on Instagram until I was 18 years old. And you may be asking, Isaac, why did you get on Instagram now if that's still a struggle for you? And I think there's always times in our lives where, you know, we really need to weigh the pros versus the cons. And like the pros going on Instagram, it was, okay, I can continue to develop my platform, continue to talk to you guys, continue to be able to post content and be creative on there. And then the cons were, yeah, then I'm opening myself to that temptation. And at the end of the day, I needed to weigh that. And at that point in my life, 18 years old, I felt like, okay, that was something that I could step into very cautiously, but continuing to understand the reasons that I wasn't on it in the first place. And I think that's pretty, that's pretty smart for all of us to do. We all have temptations. And maybe for you, it's not, you know, looking at pictures on Instagram that you shouldn't be looking at or dwelling on those things. Maybe it's not lust in that way. So it's not a big deal for you to be on Instagram and that's not a temptation for you. That's great. I'm glad that that's true. But it's understanding the places where you are tempted and then really evaluating the wisdom of going into those places. If you're, if you're struggling with alcoholism, are you going to go into a liquor store? Maybe there's things in liquor store that you like that are apart from alcohol. I don't know. I'm not frequent in liquor stores, but maybe there's something in there that you really like that's apart from alcohol. But there's that temptation there still. Maybe it's just wiser not to go in there. And I think that's something that we should all be evaluating. It's what I try to evaluate is, am I really wise in going into this area? And I'm continuing to evaluate that for Instagram. If the temptation becomes too strong, if I'm losing more than I'm winning against the struggle, maybe I'll need to step back from Instagram. And I encourage you guys, a lot of guys I know struggle with the same thing. It's easier just not to acknowledge it, continue on like it's no big deal. But if you continue, if your eyes continue to wander, I would really, really thoroughly consider stepping back from Instagram in places like that where you're going to be tempted. The other reason isn't as big, but it was just about time wasting. We waste a lot of time on social media. And to be honest, it was one of those things where if I'm not on Instagram, I'm not tempted to waste time on Instagram. Now I still have to fight against that temptation to just keep scrolling, keep scrolling, keep scrolling, because it can really take control of our lives. And nobody wants that. Nobody wants to just continue, let their life be taken away by social media just being totally consumed with it. Because, you know, there's a lot of issues where we can be just totally consumed with what is on social media when we're letting that be a distraction to us. Another reason was this idea of FOMO, maybe you've heard it, fear of missing out. And I knew by going on Instagram, there would be a heightened dose of FOMO consistently where I would see my friends or people that I admired doing all this cool stuff. And they'd just be on surfboards and they'd be on the beach or they'd be, you know, excelling in business and they'd be successful entrepreneurs and they're just living life amazingly for God and just doing amazing things. And I know I would look at that. I knew I would look at that and just feel bad and just feel depressed honestly because I had that tendency to be the look at other people's lives and say, oh man, my life's not that great. You know, I'm not doing that cool stuff. And that's part of the reason I didn't get on Instagram for so long is because I didn't want to have to battle against that FOMO, that fear of missing out. But now, as I'm on Instagram and the social media in general really, I need to be aware of that. I need to be aware that, yeah, I'm going to kind of see people's Instagram and I'm going to kind of feel bad about myself. And that's not really how we want to be using social media. I don't. That's not how I want to use social media.  And I don't know, have fun with it. And that's kind of the idea is an outreach, you know, with ministry and just life in general. And that's kind of what I want to use it as. But at the end of the day, if those other things that I struggle with, whether it's maybe I'm wasting too much time on it, or I'm struggling too much with lust on there, or I'm struggling too much with, you know, the fear of missing out. That's becoming a discouragement to me. I need to consider stepping back. And that's just kind of what I want you guys to get out of this video is if you're struggling with these things, more than you're winning with these, like more than the pros of being on these platforms really provide you, I would seriously consider stepping back. That's kind of my story. I'm on Instagram now. It's not a perfect platform. It's not a perfect place to just express creativity and have it as an outlet because there are temptations of whether time wasting or, you know, last or whatever it is. And we all need to be aware of those things. These things aren't perfect, but they're good tools that we can use. And I'm happy that I get to use it. So all that being said was this was just a big plug for my Instagram. I'm just kidding. It's not actually, but you can check out my Instagram if you want to and see what I'm up on there up to on there. And like this video if you enjoyed this video and let me know what you guys think in the comments down below. I think this can be a really good topic that we should talk through as a community. Really understand the pros and cons in social media and understanding our struggles going into them and whether we should be engaged on these platforms at all. I think it's an important discussion to have and be discerning in those things. Thanks for watching guys and I'll see you next time. Bye!


Good afternoon everyone, apologies for you now having that song stuck in your head for the rest of the afternoon but welcome to this next session at OER 22. This session is online learning in a time of environmental crisis and I'm delighted to welcome Kate Lindsay from University College of Estate Management who is going to be speaking to us today. So without further ado I'm going to hand over to you Kate and let you get on with your presentation. Thank you Caroline. We all know that we are in the midst of a climate crisis. I'm not going to pull out some figures to bring the mood down to what is a really energetic and welcoming conference. My discussion today is really testing some ideas and using some research and some case studies to look at the relationship between online learning, open education and sustainability and I'd love your feedback either during the session in the chat or if you're watching the recording of the session via Twitter or contact me through my blog so I can develop these ideas further with you the community. Before I get into the body of the discussion today I just want to say a little bit about where I come from the institution that I work out because it's very relevant to how my ideas have developed for this presentation. So I am head of digital education at the University College of Estate Management.  We offer degrees and degree apprenticeships in the area of the built environment so that covers construction, real estate, building, surveying and we have sustainability running throughout all of our programs in depth. The majority of our students study with us part-time about 98% of them they are in employment, full employment or part-time employment. Now we do have some on-ground activities so whilst all our education provision is online we do have a building. We have a headquarters in Central Reading which is the most sustainable university building in the UK. I'm very proud to say we do do some outreach activities so we go around to schools and engage school children with ideas about careers in built environment and also sustainability and we do hold an in-person on-ground graduation as well in Reading. Okay we are very proud to be in a credited institution of the NUS responsible futures and this is largely through items I've just talked about such as having very sustainable operating practice but also how we embed sustainability throughout all our modules and throughout our curriculum. The built environment sector is responsible for around 38% of all carbon energy related emissions worldwide so we have a key role in playing in influencing the sector and promoting change and we're about to embark on a very bold program of work to influence we're going to be looking at in depth how sustainable we are going to be through the way we teach, what we teach, how we operate and who we influence and whether we aim to be next zero carbon by 2030. I've mentioned the term carbon I just want to explain a few terms that I will refer to in this presentation as there is a lot of inconsistency in how terminology related to carbon and net zero is used and understood and likewise there is also a lack of academic definition in terms of carbon footprint and even more so in how it is measured. For the purposes of today when we discussed carbon emissions we're talking about CO2 released into the atmosphere as a result of human activity the biggest being the burning of fossil fuels for electricity, heat and transportation. It is the most common greenhouse gas emitted by human activity and thus it is the one that has the most impact on global warming and the one that is generally measured but there are other dangerous gases available I should just add. The carbon footprint is the impact of a person or organisational activity in terms of the carbon emitted into the atmosphere and when we talk about carbon neutral we are generally talking about the act of offsetting carbon emissions for investing in environmental projects such as clean energy schemes that are designed to reduce emissions or schemes that are designed to soak up emissions and soak up CO2 and this is traditionally seen without planting trees. Carbon net zero on the other hand means reducing carbon emissions to the very lowest amount with offsetting as a last resort. Before I move on I just want to make it clear that reducing carbon emissions alone does not equal sustainability. There are nine other sustainable development goals from the UN and we need to that need to be addressed to build a healthy inclusive and sustainable world and I will come back to that. Okay research on the assessment of carbon footprint of universities has been rapidly emerging over the last seven or eight years and has largely been focused on case study empirical research that employed quite a range of methodologies and analytical techniques which makes comparing the studies really tricky but overall the research points to the high level of staff and student transport of on-site consumption of energy as being key contributors to carbon footprint. A case study in the UK shows that eight percent of international students contributed to 10 percent of an institution's carbon footprint and if you're interested in some of those articles they're all open access and Caroline posted a link at the top of the chat of the chat here and I've also tweeted it today. Now there are a number of greening initiatives that HE institutions are adopting to tackle environmental but with the focus so heavily based around mobility of people and what's called operational carbon which is the day-to-day running online learning has become increasingly framed in terms of environmental benefits as it doesn't do much of these things to scale. It lowers the emissions of staff and students traveling to classes, video conferencing as opposed to large on-site events, reduced use of building services and all the carbon emissions that they produce. So here are some quotes that I found in the articles that I've been looking at recently. A famous article from a well-known article in 2015 with international movements towards radical online learning design such as massive open online courses, do you remember when you read the radical, pedagogical use of ICTs is auspicious for low carbon HE futures. The way of creating wider learning environment including new digital modalities has enormous potential to reduce harmful emissions to the environment. Online education alone can dramatically save energy and reduce carbon emissions. What many of these studies has lacked is the ability to really analyse the environmental impact of moving teaching and learning online. After all, studying or working from home for most people is not really carbon neutral. We are still going to university albeit via the means of devices and platforms and networks. We have become digit commuters. And I'd like us to take a few minutes now just to think about what these types of activities are. So the question to you attending today and if you are watching this afterwards is what are the sources of energy uses and carbon emissions for on-loan modalities of learning? If I could ask you to use the hashtag if you're watching this and type your answers to the question in the chat box or communicate digital and use the hashtag did you commute at the start of your answers that would be really great because I'm going to do a bit of nature analysis after this event and light it up. So I'll just leave you with that question. I'm going to move on but please feel free to add it into the chat or after the event via the other means are set. Okay, so the pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the carbon footprint of higher education delivered on and off campus via the governmental lockdown orders that required universities to effectively close their campus and their buildings, help business travel and move teaching and learning online. This study by Filamonu and Archer et al represents a first known attempt to compare a carbon footprint of a mid-sized UK university that produced during the COVID-19 lockdown between April and June 2020 against that generated within the respective time period in previous years and what the main contributors to carbon emissions was. The table on the right shows the additional processes measured compared to those on the left pre lockdown. Over the COVID period they measured staff and students computers being on between nine and five, electricity consumption and meals and breaks of a study or a teaching day. They found that although the overall carbon footprint of the university decreased by 30% during lockdown largely due to buildings not being in as much use, the carbon intensity of online teaching and learning was found to be substantial, so substantial in fact that it was almost equal to that of staff and student commuting in the pre lockdown period. This suggests that unlike previous studies have argued online teaching and learning may be less climate friendly than it was thought to be. However, some other studies have conducted the pandemic period had very different results. For instance, the study of carbon footprints of universities in central China by Yenet al found that the online education significantly reduced energy consumption and led to lower carbon emissions. Again, this study focused on the measurement of transportation and energy consumption. In both these studies and in some others that I have read, I think we can apply a good deal of what we call displacement theory by focusing on the things that we can easily measure alone. In these cases, mobility and energy consumption, the whole life carbon impact of online learning which could could significantly change the picture. And when I say whole life impact, I mean taking into account the carbon required to source the materials, produce the devices, transport those laptops and those digital devices to the people who are going to use them and the waste at the end of their life, the picture could look quite different. And as Nilsel and so says, net tech beyond limit, the continued expansion of digital technology throughout education can in no way be rationalised as somehow offsetting the hugely detrimental nature of the full life cycle of digital products and processes that go to make up net tech. Salwin also states that we are dealing largely with the future of unknowns and disruption. The pandemic has shown us that we cannot presume that educational technology will always be available, accessible and abundant for our learners today. After all, it is an industry built on the mining of precious metals and depleting natural resources. So how can universities approach this? Yes, we must work towards net zero, reduce carbon emissions and also look for alternative pedagogies that can support a more sustainable but also more unpredictable future. But we do need to go beyond HG Carbon Reduction Program and develop learners skills and values, attitudes and behaviours to address sustainability issues. In our role as providers of higher education, we are important promoters and advocates of the global agenda for sustainable development. And this is because we can shape the mindset of future decision makers, multiplying knowledge and action around sustainability and criticality in the way we live in the world, embedding open practices in terms of how we develop and provide learning opportunities and make a critical contribution to achieving the aims of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. In particular, Sustainable Development Goal 4, which is to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities. I would like to end this discussion with a presentation of two case studies, two short online courses that we have developed at UCM. We are a very small institution, so when we want to develop online educational products, we need to choose those carefully and really understand the ones that are going to have the most impact for our own organisational goals towards sustainability and the way we want to influence the sector that we serve. Okay, the first short course that we developed and launched last year was in collaboration with the Princes Foundation called the Rapid Planning Toolkit. The cities with the fastest rates of urbanisation have the least professional resources in the built environment sector, and the vast majority of this is limited to resource found in capital cities, not secondary cities. Now secondary cities are cities with people from less than one million population, but they face the same challenges as the really big cities and they're growing at a massive rate with a big threat towards sustainability. We have collaborated with the Princes Foundation to turn an on-ground based learning program into an online toolkit and a series of short courses to enable a more rapid response and planning, guiding local leaders such as mayors to shape, articulate and implement a vision and plan for growth that can effectively demonstrate a tangible impact for their citizens and deliver against the key sustainable development goal targets at the same time. We've been working with them for the past year or so to design how this can be delivered online through a series of short courses, each one a level up from the next building up from understanding the key principles of a toolkit and case studies of its application to developing a city charter, implementation on the ground and final evaluation. The first of these courses was March on Cities today, last year. And what's interesting about the design of this course is it's completely in line with who the learner cohorts are. Often mayors, local councillors and community groups in countries with very little resource, especially in the way of IT equipment. We use universal design for learning principles and the course is designed in a way that can be easily understood by non-built environment professionals and easily accessible. It can be downloaded as booklets and workbooks or it can be projected onto a screen if there's only one laptop. It's designed in a way so that people can crowd around one computer and read the course material easily. It's no means data heavy. It's mobile responsive for us, for use out on the ground with plenty of examples to show its application. We've trialed the toolkit with groups in the Gambia, Trinidad de Bego, Pakistan, Malaysia, New Zealand and Fiji and received really positive feedback for those travels and we're looking forward to learning about its impact on a wide scale. The second short course that we developed last year and made available openly was launched at COP26 and this was quite differently designed. The energy and carbon in the built environment course is part of a sweet plan to be developed by the climate framework. They are a transdisciplinary initiative uniting the building industry and academia for climate action. This is a 25-hour short CPD course and it's aimed at professionals in the sector but open to anyone in the public who wants to develop their understanding of sustainable property adaptions and design and I have to say that I did take elements of this course myself when I was doing some home renovations recently and did make some decisions based on the materials that I used for my course. We have made a conscious effort in the design of this course to bring sustainable approaches into design. The interviews with experts were conducted over Zoom and we used some nifty post-production technique to make it not look like a simple Zoom recording and whilst we did travel to Watford to 3D scan the majority of the sustainable properties at the BRE park what we have now is a portfolio of interactive walkthrough case studies that we can reuse and make available to all so they do not have to travel to inspect similar buildings and can save money with groups traveling to see them. Our learners are living and working in the built environment. They have a laboratory at their fingertips and we invite them to apply and consolidate what they are learning by observing and analysing the buildings around them. Online learning doesn't always have to be sat at a laptop. To date we have had 1,629 active learners on the platform 20% of which have been awarded certificate for being successful in the course assessment which we are really pleased with. What is important to note that for both these open courses is that they have been designed and produced to the same high academic and quality standards as our undergraduate and postgraduate online degree programme. They are fully accessible, they meet all our normal benchmarks, they meet our standards and they are inclusive and for a small non-profit institution like ourselves this is a significant investment being open to come at a cost but we do know that there is a requirement for academically rigorous information in this sector as one of our learners said back to us. I have a strong desire to do more to reduce whole life carbon across projects I work on but I have found significant mixed messaging around this. As such it is quite intimidating trying to find a single source of truth. This course does an excellent job of suing all the current relevant sources and distilling out the core principles. I will be making frequent use of the references found in this course. To close I would like to pose a question to the community and maybe that's something we can just appear and carry on the conversation asynchronously afterwards is how far does open education for sustainable development make a university more sustainable? So if you could type those questions the answers to that in the text box or using the hashtag again open the SD it will start to be answered that would be really great and I would like to pose that question there and hear your feedback and thoughts that you have. Thank you. Thank you Kate. We've got some responses to your earlier question in the chat if you want to to have a look at those while we while we wait on the responses to this one. I can pop those up on the screen so we've got Sarah Verves from Palestine. Yes and yeah I think the data just data in itself is so energy hungry isn't it and as the more data we have the more carbon we are using the more energy we are using. I read somewhere in a recent study it might be Neal Selwyn's study actually that actually training machine learning algorithm is the equivalent of the of six cars CO2 production over their lifetime which just blew my mind a bit. Yeah so there's a lot of things I think we don't think about and I think the studies that I've looked at they're very much focused on you know it's electricity use at home and very you know it's right to do that so you're sat at home you may have the light on or you may be using gas you may have the heating on you use the kettle the microwave like they said but the actual actions that you take inside your laptop and how where the stuff that comes to your laptop comes from as well you know the service and things I don't think we we're not considering that enough when we're thinking about the carbon footprint of online learning and I've been wondering if something like a module is a really like we design modules 20 credit modules they have you know we have seven to eight hours of learning a week in that module so it's a day our students will probably be fully online or two half days and there's certain activities that they do in that module that you can attribute a carbon footprint to like doing a library search or a Google search or watching a video and I wonder if that would be quite an interesting way to start to try and analyze what you know a much more detailed carbon footprint is yeah we've we've had some great innovative ideas I definitely agree with the boiling the kettle thing I drink a lot more tea from home than I ever did in an office and you can see that creeping up um so we haven't got any responses yet to your second question in the chat box so if anyone would like to answer that question how far does open education for sustainable development make a university more sustainable please pop those answers into the chat or um or you can post them on twitter using the hashtag um oh here we go Teresa has a comment here um have tweeted link to my cover in article on sustainability of teaching brilliant thank you I look at that and there's some really nice stuff um and if our time will call the internet open university as well the first teach project I think I don't know if that's similar but um yeah there's so there's so much more to look at here and I think it's so much more complex than um what some of the studies present great so I know we've got a little bit of a lag between what we're saying and what what everyone on youtube can see due to the the live comment but um if anyone has any further questions or comments they'd like to to share with Kate please do add those into the chat or you can carry on the conversation on twitter or on discord um in our chat there there's the day for the online sessions chat um we have one more here from entrecom ireland um hashtag open est if used then great I think this is the most important thing universities can do to influence and help people make changes for the better and especially if it's good for us all now I absolutely agree with that and and you know the development of our two short courses we thought very hard and talks a lot with industry about what would have the most impact um two very different areas one and secondary cities in the global south um which are really struggling with any with having expertise and planning in the built environment people just don't have the job in those cities so that was one thing yes we're going to get involved in that and then the whole energy and carbon in the built environment piece it's so important but there's so many professionals in the industry who don't have the language to to join in that discussion and their companies and start influencing them and so that was really why we developed that course as well um and part of our program work going forward as well about you know doing more for our students to empower them to go out into the sector into industry and influence others I think that that's cool a very noble cause I think we can all agree on that one um so if there are no further questions at the moment obviously we can carry on the conversation on twitter or on discord um but it's just left for me to say thank you very much to Kate for speaking with us today that's been really interesting and um I hope you enjoy the rest of the conference thank you


Hey, morning everyone. I got to say I thought this place is gonna be a ghost town. So thanks for showing up So we're here to talk about why enterprises won containers now And maybe why you should too And we'll go through a few different things that we've learned kind of along the way here So my name is Spencer Smith. I am a cloud engineer at Selenia. I've been working there for a couple years now I've been focused on doing cloud automation tooling as well as kind of lately the past year or so doing container Container workloads Getting our clients into Kubernetes and that kind of thing And I've got will with me who I'll let introduce myself Hi. Good morning. My name is will I've been working at Selenia a couple years now I help with DevOps continuous integration working with a number of clients helping them streamline their processes and Get software out the door faster Quick quick little blurb here about Selenia here. We've been around since 2013 We've been helping people adopt cloud technologies and more recently We've been doing a lot of container work, especially with Kubernetes Docker and a lot of CICD stuff out there as well So back to Spencer here Cool. So let's talk about kind of where we're going today. I'll do Kind of a history lesson. Maybe that's not the right word But just some of the things that kind of got enterprises interested in containers and the idea of containers We'll talk about our clients what we've seen them doing how they've been getting into container land And then we'll we'll talk to you guys about tooling Kind of where you might want to start And then we'll do some discussion talking about some of the lessons learned in the high-level things that we've seen And we'll do hopefully some Q&A as well. I'd love to hear some feedback. So So kind of a quick survey, you know, it helps to get a sense of where people are on this path So I mean who's already I mean Who's using cloud in some sense or another whether it's open stack whether it's Amazon doesn't matter who's using some cloud Okay, so lots of everybody. Yeah, and which is to be expected. I think but you know, it's always good to ask And who's doing kind of hybrid cloud stuff whether it's public or private and multiple privates or whatever Okay, so it's a little smaller, but not too much And so who's already doing containers or plans to very very soon Okay, so a few okay So so let's kind of helps to kind of gauge where we're going I guess but so we'll start with kind of a history lesson here And these are just kind of general guideposts that Got got people thinking about the things that containers give you right? So in the enterprise the first the first kind of guidepost is the enterprise data center and virtualization So, you know, everyone's heard their boss or some executives a you know, say the words you know data center footprint and cost savings around that and Virtualization was kind of the first effort to solve this problem and having bare metal servers for everything Didn't make a ton of sense. You know, there's lots of underutilization and that kind of thing So it just got us starting to think about packing our applications together Making sure we're managing those resources kind of the right way The second kind of bullet point here is that open source has become, you know, pretty ubiquitous across the enterprise You know, whether it's the Linux foundation or Apache You're seeing people use open source all over the place Especially in data centers, you know, I mean Linux is king And we've seen even you know in the open stack world You know people are going pretty heavy with open stack and in private cloud and that kind of thing And so the next bullet point is is public cloud So that really kind of brought a change in the way that people started thinking about their data centers And thinking about what they're doing with their applications, right? So Amazon comes along 2006 Starting with S3, maybe that's not that interesting right out of the gate for enterprise But EC2 comes out pretty pretty quickly thereafter And then, you know, all of a sudden it's like oh, well, why does it make sense to run my own infrastructure anymore? I can throw my VMs at someone else for pretty cheap cost You know, maybe that's something I need to think about but it required big changes to the way you're deploying your applications The way you're writing your application. So this gets into, you know, the whole pets versus cattle scenario that everybody's heard You know, just thinking about those changes and how you're going to change your applications to make use of that environment, right? But public cloud is hard for enterprise So private cloud kind of comes along and this is of course where open stack rain supreme But opens that coming along and saying, okay, you know all those cool things that I have in AWS I can now have and host myself And that brings a lot of power to to the enterprise, right? Especially when they've got, you know concerns around security around compliance, you know If you've got HIPAA things you have to deal with or whatever You know private cloud makes a lot more sense Kind of next to last bullet point here Hybrid cloud brings an idea. It kind of starts making you think towards containers a little bit in that you're thinking about okay I've got you know, maybe a public cloud and a private cloud and I need to separate those workloads But you know, I need to orchestrate them all in one way, right? So I want something that kind of spans both of those It allows me to say hey deploy application Take care of it for me and you say you start worrying about your application more than you start worrying about your infrastructure underneath which kind of makes you Get pretty close to what the way containers are working, right? But I mean enterprises are slow to adopt. I mean we see it all the time You know, we've still got clients that haven't done cloud yet, right? So of any sort so we've got people that are you know Have valid concerns completely about you know compliance and security and all of those things But a lot of times it's really not having the skills internally to to get there Not having the automation processes as well as far as deploying your applications and that kind of thing But in the last two bullet points are really Most of the time the real reason things that will happen and that's processing culture, right? Enterprises are you know Sometimes tough to get things done And if you're not Willing to upend some of that it can be hard to to get through clouds and you know to get into cloud and then get into So kind of the last bullet point on this, you know horrible history lesson It cloud native kind of comes into being as an idea, right? The cloud native computing foundation was a year or two ago kind of founded It's you know, its whole goal is to shepherd the idea that your applications are much better off to be broken into microservices and package in a container format And they're doing some of that by you know doing a lot of community outreach I mean, they're the ones that host cube con You know and a few other kind of Linux Linux conferences and that kind of thing But you know, it's definitely helped reduce some of the hesitance knowing there's a government but a governing body around these container formats and that So let's talk a little bit about our clients and kind of how we've worked with them to to get to containers You know, and if you work in an enterprise, you know, it's it can be a long road, but this is kind of how it's gone So the first one is that virtualization paves the way and and I don't really mean virtualization as the first bullet point that I talked about in the history part But I mean kind of cloud and cloud automation tends to pave the way for this kind of thing Having some API that you can control your infrastructure with Makes a huge difference in the way you can pull your applications The client that I've been working with pretty extensively for the past couple years We moved from basically they had one guy You submit a ticket he creates a VM. It takes two weeks to get it Then they pass it off to an ops guy who follows it, you know a runbook of installing this the software The runbooks a hundred pages long, right? So it takes him two weeks to get this thing installed Maybe it works. Maybe it doesn't maybe he fat-fingered something So, you know having all of that stuff take that long is just a real pain And so being able to control your infrastructure with some API whether that's open stack or something else Makes a big difference in the way you deploy your applications, right? We helped them build some tooling around, you know creating VMs and baking images of Packer and all of that good stuff That two weeks came down to two hours. So I mean it's still a huge application in two hours takes a long time to deploy But it's way faster than what they were seeing, right? And so that was kind of their first step towards Going full-bore on containers. So Once you kind of see that speed gain, I mean that's a monster speed gain even though it's still slow, right? And so once you see that it doesn't go unnoticed anywhere in the enterprise. We're all of a sudden deploying several times a week We're moving faster. We're releasing more often. It's no longer this like Quarterly process like I will release kind of once a quarter blah blah blah You get rid of a lot of that stuff and so all of a sudden you're moving really quickly and You know once you kind of start moving faster You want to go even faster, right? So it's it's just the speed is addicting and we see our clients looking at their applications a second time and saying, you know This is awesome. We've made a huge speed gain, but You know if we really broke this thing down a little bit It we could deploy this thing even faster and there's no reason for this application to be this complex and I mean we you kind of see your clients discover the idea of microservices before we even really talked about it, right? And so that's you know, that's kind of where where we're going and they they look at microservices They kind of start googling around and you can't see a blog post about microservices without seeing Docker involved with it, right? And it makes sense. I mean especially, you know once you're talking about At a cluster level, you know, it makes sense to to use containers as a packaging format But you know, it's it's it's not required I guess is the point but we see our clients getting really comfortable with the idea of containers just because they want to break their Microsoft make break their applications into microservices And so, you know, that's that's kind of where Containers come in and they're just more of a secondary thing than just the primary focus But I mean here's kind of why they're doing it You know, the scalability is huge You know being able to scale up in seconds versus minutes is Pretty powerful or especially hours, right? If you need another version of that application and you all of a sudden it takes you two Hours to create it. That's way too slow for you And you know another thing kind of the second bullet point that we've seen Our clients all of a sudden really be interested in getting out of any kind of vendor lock-in You know, we've been paying company X a lot of money for a lot of years And they haven't been giving us the speed games that we really wanted And so you see them looking towards open source even more than they were previously And you see them being okay with not going to a single vendor For the entirety of their application deployment pipeline So it's you know, it's some pretty big changes there as well So that's all kind of to say that, you know, a lot of times what we've seen with our clients is just that You've got to start with the initial Kind of some speed gains and not The best you can do out of the gate. You've got to build the bridge before you can go over it, right? You've got to see that initial speed gain and going to cloud You've got to see the initial speed gain and making sure that your cloud automation is top-notch Before containers really start to make sense for a lot of our clients And before they're really interested in them And so we'll turn it back over to you to talk a little bit about container tooling All right, so Here I love this picture. It's it's from the the CNCF Github site, I believe It's completely overwhelming And I'm not even gonna bother getting into it too much But the the main takeaway here is that if you look at all the various categories of tooling You know from all the way from the infrastructure in the bottom to the application stuff on the top is There's a lot of choices It's all open stack or sorry open source. It's there's there's closed source proprietary pay-free pretty much every category of software is available and this is all just like the tooling side of stuff here, so there's Case in point. There's there's just a lot of choices out there right now So we've been talking about this stuff for a long time Over the last year, so I think I guess what about about a year ago when we first started, you know looking at it The the tooling was not there yet. It was it was lacking. It was not not feature-complete. It was unstable It was it was really kind of rough and a lot of the early adapters I think kind of kind of got bit by that a little bit Over over time though, we've we've really seen things Come along quite well Like the definitely the the tooling's improved there's there's definitely more choices there now and it has It's definitely come a long way, I think And and the other point here is it's it's moving like super fast, so it's growing at an alarming rate What we you know the the picture we we saw at the last slide there. It's All those are constantly changing So it's it's something to keep tabs on And just the kind of the stats here is that like like for example like Kubernetes project And in the last 30 days 677 code commits that's like you know 20 a day or so from quite a quite a few contributors Like Docker not as many but I still quite a bit so you can see there's there's a lot of velocity here for sure So when it comes to deciding what exactly it is that you're looking for It's it's sort of a similar situation with mini open source Is that it's it's not a single product? It's not a single vendor where you're gonna find is that in order to have a complete set of tooling You're gonna need to pick and choose from mini sources And this is this is both good and bad of So what we saw with OpenStack is initially a lot of vendors came out with like OpenStack distributions and We're not really seeing that quite as much in the container space If like if you look at the the Coros logo there How many people are familiar with Coros? Anybody okay, so some of you So it is a Container specific distribution I feel inclined to mention Rancher OS too because it's it's similar similar thought but it's a slightly different design but So Coros is specifically for running containers and but that's not to say that you need to run Coros to run containers You can you can choose any operating system that really makes sense to you but Starting from the bottom, you know from your you know from your platform You it's really you know pick and choose every level of the stack here So, you know choose your cloud platform or even bare metal if you know if you want Then pick your pick your OS Registry is also one of those the super critical Components when you're doing containers, there's there's the official Docker solution Quay is by Coros And there's also a number of third-party products out there So some of some of what you may may already own like Artifactory or Nexus So there's there's a number of choices there Docker as is you may or may not have heard is primarily a single single node solution So if you want any sort of scalability your need Absolutely need an orchestration layer like Kubernetes or swarm All the networking stuff is pluggable So whatever your networking needs are I guarantee, you know whether you want overlay BGP Just L2 routing something already exists for you there and if it doesn't you can do your own That's the other nice thing and for and the engine stuff Docker is definitely the the primary player in the market here But coros also has rocket as well So there's actually some competition and and I think that's really beneficial so You can't really talk about containers without talking about open source Just because the the entire container ecosystem is open standards Most of the projects are open source So inevitably if you're dealing with containers you have to deal with open source That's not as big of an issue today as it was maybe five or ten years ago. I think I Mean if you look at you know the open source penetration into the market you're gonna see you know with operating systems databases and definitely tools the majority of tools at least I've Tended to adopt it in the recent time is they're all open source and It's you know, there's some of the best ones out there for sure According to this black duck study, which is kind of interesting 65% of the companies they talked to are actually contributing to open source projects, which is I was actually kind of surprised at that number. It's Definitely a growing number and also one in three companies have dedicated employees to open source projects and That's that's kind of huge when you think about it because I Can entire employee is is you know, not actually doing anything for the company other than giving away free software But if you look at the benefits that's it's actually quite huge for any company Having your company's name associated with an open source project. It gives you legitimacy in the industry it attracts other employees as well and it also um Yeah, it just gives you exposure where you might otherwise not have any so that's that's kind of invaluable if you feel get it from that angle and It's just along with that survey 76% said they're looking at integrating containers and About a third of them were already looking using them for testing or development Where which are actually two of the probably the easiest adoption places So getting started Since since the majority of you have already adopted cloud or Considering it getting on cloud. You've already sort of taken that first step At least away from the the the battled world of manual steps and virtualization Hopefully nobody's doing the meat cloud approach. That's that's never beneficial um so One of the first questions is what what's what's your business? How do you make money? And some people they do their own apps some people consume other people's apps And and how does this all tied to your your line of business? So obviously if you're building your own applications, you should seriously be considering containers And even if you're just consuming other people's applications It might be time to start considering containers as well so recently a Project we're working on Actually made a purchase from oracle Sorry, it's this Cisco and the actual software was delivered as a as a container specified to run on Kubernetes, so What we have here is an example of a major vendor actually starting to distribute its software as a container and I think we're definitely going to see that this trend to continue as You know Containers gain gain popularity here And the take-home is that you know containers are not a future technology the containers as a concept have been around probably since the God 90s very long time it's been in Linux for a long time and So it's it's definitely a vetted technology. It's you know something that works and It's it's here today people are using containers today and And they're they're benefiting from them today as well And so a lot of times in the next question people ask is okay our VMs useless Short-term the answer is absolutely You still need VMs and long-term. I definitely think VMs are not going to go away I think they're going to become less important than they are for sure but Long-term I think there's there's a firm place for for bare metal for virtual machines and for containers in the entire stack and Part part of the challenge with all this adoption is going to be dealing with the various types of virtualization If you look at the numbers Converting a virtual machine application to a container has a cost and and it really just comes down to is it worth The the conversion process is it worth the development time? Is it worth or is it better just to leave something standing there and just don't touch it? So you really just kind of have to take you know everything on a case-by-case consideration So a lot of people go like awesome. How do we do this? and Well, one of the things we always say is you know take a small problem and solve it so our example here is Hardware so what we've seen in a lot of companies is hardware is always not there or People need hardware or they need resources and they're unavailable Especially with developers developers need to test things. They need extra resources And and it's a challenge to get them and when they do get them they they tend to hoard them because it's You know if they give them back it might take you know weeks or months to get them again So in this situation Actually One of our clients we talked to they had close to 80 percent idle time on most of their infrastructure Simply for this reason so this is a fairly common problem we've seen a number of places and It's a great great easy fix for containers. So once once Developers can start running containers on their desktops What they can find is that they can actually do a lot more with the resources they already have And if they start actually returning some of the the spare hardware and start creating like Kubernetes clusters You can actually start running your your infrastructure a lot more dense. You can you can pile stuff up a lot deeper and You can actually do a lot more with what you already have and This is um This is just like one one example There's obviously a number of ways you can do this, but it also gets people Sort of working with the technology and what we've actually seen is that developers are really excited to start using containers There's there's a lot of benefits there So when people are excited to use stuff, it's it's definitely a lot easier so what one of the thing we're gonna get into here a little bit is um Dev Ops because it's kind of all related. We talk about it a lot here And that that people people tend to jump into technology and and make make a lot of mistakes They they pick the biggest project that that's you know something high level gets a lot of visibility They throw a lot of bodies at it and things just get really messy really quick I've I'm always of the firm opinion. You start small and you iterate that that definitely holds true here So you you want to start with something that that's actually Like like Not mission critical external facing maybe an internal tool that you know people won't be too upset if it's down for an hour or so But yeah experiment with something small build your skills Actually running containers involves a lot of new skills that you probably don't have yet if you're just you know coming from a virtualization world And and you want to give people time to actually like grow these skills before you start pushing forward too deep Otherwise you're gonna move a bunch of applications stuff's gonna start breaking and You're not gonna be able to fix it and it's just gonna be a gigantic mess So it's a kind of kind of keeping with the DevOps theme here Most organizations don't communicate from business to ops in any sort of coherent manner What you have is silos that are primarily communicating via ticketing systems or other other you know very software systems, but they don't actually directly interact with each other much and So actually communicating messages From from one end the other can be very challenging And this kind of goes back to the the technology is easy People are harder So so getting people lined up Sorry Yeah, so so adopting dev Ops is a real little change for the way people actually work You know getting getting stuff going there And it requires actually a pretty big change for most people and the way they work One of the way Common ways to view this is the four pillars Is Sort of the four primary ways this all interacts with each other So you have the the culture the way all your all your various employees interact with each other Then there's the processes that you have implemented either manual automated or whatever Then your people's their skills and then obviously the the technologies that you use And this is kind of demonstrates the the importance of all having all four of those at the same time So obviously once the the top top line here is the Ideal situation if you remove culture People people get opposed to having changes If you don't have any process People just kind of run around with their heads cut off They it's a it's never a really clear direction as to what you're supposed to be doing at any given time So for the people there If you don't have the right skills If you don't have time to develop or nurture those skills Yeah, it's it's really gonna be hard to actually make a lot of progress well and and like lies with technology If if you're if you're not actually using technology people want to or actually solves your problem Well, you know, there's there's just gonna be frustration there and So I guess sort of the bottom line here like the the primary point here is You are if you're not ready for containers, you you really should be at this point A lot of people say you know this this this isn't relevant to me today and and that might be true But it probably will be in the near future here So to thank you very much. I just opened this up for questions There's mics as well if anybody wants wants to ask a question Cool easy enough Yeah The case for using virtualization and containers So you mean like At the same time layered or or what So, I mean if you're talking about running Kubernetes on top of open stack a lot of times It's really just because it's easier to get started that way It's easier to scratch it, you know to scratch pad all these, you know Kubernetes cluster running in VMs then it is to try to get allocated bare metal and all that stuff You know and our clients. I mean, you know the client I'm working with they're doing Kubernetes in Amazon For a similar reason right but the end goal will probably be bare metal Kubernetes Once that once it's proven and realized that you know, it makes sense to run things this way It will will probably start including more bare metal nodes in our clusters and that kind of thing Yeah, I mean certainly like to me if you're using Google Google container engine I mean it's VMs as well under the hood, but you know like I said It's just easier to kind of get started that way and iterate that way Cool. Thanks everyone. Thanks


Echo across the snow-covered reaches of the Wild Northwest, we present Sergeant Preston of the Yukon by special recording brought to you by the Quaker Oats Company, makers of Quaker Pop Wheat and Quaker Pop Rice, the delicious cereal shot from guns, in cooperation with the Mutual Broadcasting System. It's Yukon King, swiftest and strongest lead dog of the Northwest, breaking the trail for Sergeant Preston of the Northwest Mounted Police, in his relentless pursuit of lawbreakers. Discovered in the Yukon, a stampede. Young America keeps its musical knowledge up to date by listening to Phonorama Times starring Johnny Desmond. Every Saturday, Johnny presents a round-up of the platters that are making musical history from coast to coast. In addition, he brings such outstanding big-name guests as Teresa Brewer, the Fontaine sisters, and Bill Haley's comets. Guest disc jockeys from every section of the country appear regularly to report to listeners on the top tunes in each of their hometown areas. And interesting teenagers appear on Phonorama Times to bring their viewpoints on what young America is thinking about and talking about in music and other fields as well. Everyone loves Johnny Desmond, and everyone loves his Phonorama Times show. So gather your friends and fellow music fans around this Saturday and every Saturday for the musical session you can't afford to miss. Phonorama Times starring Johnny Desmond on Mutual over most of these stations. Using the darkness on Malamute Creek, around the fires stir mob of bearded hard-bitten minors. They had gathered there to listen to a young sourdough named Lou Burnett, who had just climbed up on a packing box to address the group.  For the ones who don't, I'll start from the beginning and tell you the whole story. Yeah, go ahead Lou, give us the fact. Ever since we first staked our claims up here on Malamute Creek, we've all been depended on one man. No need to tell you who I'm talking about, you all know his name. When you need grub, what do you buy it? At three times the price you'd pay for it in Dawson. And when you want your gold taken to the bank in Dawson, who ships it there for you? The Colpax Express Company, for the slight charge of 10%. It's highway robbery, that's what it is. Well from now on, all that's going to be changed. I'll come Lou, what do you got in mind? Starting tomorrow, a new express outfit is going into business.  You'll need teams and drivers to run that kind of service, right? I already got them. I hired them when I was down in Dawson. Huskies, plate sleds and four experienced drivers. Telling us your rates. I'll create a new surprise for you at a dollar a pound. Express charge will be two bits a piece. How about gold shipments? I'll carry your gold for two percent. A combination general store and café, which also serve as the headquarters of the Colpax Express Company. He was seated in his office when a man called Jig entered with an excited look on his face. Hey Colpax, I just came back from that miners meeting that Lou Burnett called out on the creek. What do you have to say? He told me he was starting up a new express service to compete with your office. He did. I figured that's what he was up to. He's often afraid in supplies at a dollar a pound, and he says he'll ship that gold at two percent. So he thinks he's going to run the other business. You'll do it too, boss, unless you cut your rates. You can't fight competition like that. I reckon that's what Burnett figures too, but maybe he's in for a little surprise. What do you mean? If he aims to ship gold for the miners around here, they'll expect him to insure the shipments. So? Well, I happen to know he has much capital behind him. So if anything was to happen to those shipments, he might have a tough time making good on the laws. Yeah, I see what you mean. You got something in mind? Sure, I've got something in mind. You didn't think I was going to stand by and let him catch me flat footed, did you? I reckon you're too smart for that, Colpax. Yeah, you reckon right. You never had old abandoned cabins about 10 miles north of here. Yeah, sure I do. Well, I've got two boys hiding out there waiting for orders from him. And who are they? Speed Whalley and Red Hoffman. I didn't want them showing their faces around here just to be on the safe side. Good idea. Wednesday for his shipment leaving. But I'd send not two drivers at noon tomorrow. No, no, no. That means they ought to reach McLeod Pass an hour or two after Darkie. Yeah, I reckon so. All right, now here's what you'd do. The first thing tomorrow morning, go on up to the cabin and pass the word to Speed Redden. Tell him to cut across country and intercept the shipment at the pass. I got you. Tell him to gun the drabys and swipe the gold. We'll make a split later on. All right, boss. I reckon you must be Red Hoffman. Yeah, who are you? My name's Jig, Colpax family. Oh yeah, come on in. Yeah, sure. Yeah, this here's my partner, Speed Whalley. Hi, Speed. Howdy. Pull up a chair. Thanks. Now, what's the good work? Two express drivers will be leaving Malamute Creek at noon today. They'll be carrying gold to the bank in Dawson. Colpax wants you two guys to cut across country and lay form at McLeod Pass. You got to reach there sometime after Darkie. Oh, then what? Gun the drivers and take the gold. How much will they be carrying? I don't know, but it ought to be quite a bit. A lot of miners will be shipping out their dust. It sounds like a good deal, huh, Speed? Fair enough. Bring the gold back here and then lie low till you hear from Colpax again. He says he'll make the split with you later on. Hey, who's that? It's me. Now, take a look out the window. Hey, it's a molly. A molly. Holy smoke. What's the matter? I know that red coat. His name's Sarge and Preston. If you're shared on, maybe you won't come inside. I'm Sarge and Preston. No trust mother, please. Howdy, Sarge. Don't think I know you, do I? Her name's Hoffman. Red Hoffman. Mind if I come inside for a few minutes? No, why should I? Thanks. Sargeant. Well, well, for the little jig. What are you doing here? Yeah, nothing in particular. I was out hunting. Just happened to drop in, that's all. Where's your partner, Red? I'm Speed Wally. Glad to know you. You two just move in here? Yeah, we figured I'd do a little prospecting up this way. I see. Where are you heading, Sarge? Dawson City eventually. Just coming back from patrol. Saw the smoke coming out of your cabin, thought I'd stop in and get acquainted. Well, that's mighty friendly of you. Hey, sit down, I'll make you a cup of coffee. All right, don't mind if I do. A short time later, Sargeant and Preston left the cabin and headed southward. Early that afternoon, he arrived at the cabin of Constable Tom Frazier on Malamute Creek. Okay. How are you, Husky? Hello, boy, to see how Tom's getting along. Come in, come in. It's good to see you. You too, King old boy.  Sit down. Thanks, Tom. Where'd you come from, Dawson? No, I've been on patrol in the Peel River District. How's everything going? Oh, fairly quiet. Miners getting a few fights now and then. That's about all. Oh, by the way, two minutes moved into that old cabin about 10 miles north of here. You know anything about them? No. In fact, I didn't even know the cabin was occupied. Who are they? My name's a Red Hoffman and Speed Wiley. Pretty rough-looking customers. But I think I have seen them back in Dawson's city. Did they say what they were doing? I claim they're prospecting. Prospecting. There's no gold up that way. I know. That's what made me wonder. When I stopped off at their cabin, Jake was there. Jake? Oh, well, you mean the fellow who works Rhino Colfax? That's right. So it was out hunting and just happened to drop in, but it didn't sound very convincing. It seemed rather nervous for some reason only. He's a sneaky sort, all right. I never did trust him or his boss, either. He hasn't been up to anything lately, has he? No, not that I know of. What about Colfax? Looks like he may be going out of business one of these days. Huh? Oh, so? The miners got fed up with the prices he was charging. So now Lou Burnett has set it up a new express service in competition with Colfax. He's going to freight in supplies and ship gold at reasonable rates. I'm glad to hear it. It's a lot of time someone put Colfax out of business. That's the way I feel, Sergeant. And the way the miners are backing up Burnett, it may not take long to do it, either. Colfax has had his wages about a long... Meanwhile, Speed Wiley and Red Hoffman had hit the trail and headed southwest. Soon after, Sergeant Preston had left their cabin. Darkness was falling by the time they reached Muckluck Pass. After hiding their teams in a thick grove of pine trees, they took up positions overlooking the pass. About an hour later, they sighted the two express drivers approaching along the moonlit trail from Malamute Creek. Hey, here they come now, Speed. Yeah, the two gun ready. I'll take the one in the lead, you take the other. Okay, I'm right. The crooks waited tensely until the two drivers came within range of their guns. And then Speed said... Right, I'm having that gun. Come on, we've got to stop the teams.  That'll right them. Just grab the goal and let's clear out of here. We'll continue our adventure in just a moment. Hey kids, we're waiting for you out at the ballpark these days. Everybody has fun. Cheering the players is a sock home run, slide in the base, whip through double play. Get in on the fun, the excitement, the hot dodge and cracker jack. Come out to the ball game as guest of your favorite team. You can now see major or minor league baseball games free. If you are 12 years or younger, and bring a paying adult like mom or dad. Here's all you do to get your free ticket. Get a package number 5, Chicago 77, Illinois. Don't miss the big games. Send now. On the morning after the holdup, Sergeant Preston left Malamute Creek and resumed his journey back to Dawson. As he approached Muckluck Pass, he saw a driver with sled standing on the trail. With his team across, he's wrangling, snapping at each other. Looks like a body's been dragged over there among those trees somewhere. A few moments later, the sergeant discovered the two express drivers. They were lying unconscious in a sheltered spot against the wall of the cliff. One of them was too badly wounded to regain consciousness. But the other revived after the sergeant applied first aid and gave him a little brandy. Oh, my shoulder. Easy now. But it just lies still until you get your bearings.  That's right. I'm Sergeant Preston. An express driver from Malamute Creek. Little Burnett's outfit. Yeah. But about the other driver. Still alive and badly wounded, though. Oh, yeah. There was a shot from Malamute last night. Did you get a look at the gunman? No, the shots locked us out. Came to Poland naturally, hoping to get them inside. Easy does it now. The small group of miners had swelled to an excited mob by the time Lou Burnett arrived at the gospel cell. Who, your express driver, got pushed back last night? Yeah, I know, I know. Let me through, please. I want to talk to Sergeant Preston. Sorry, but you'll all have to clear off for the fine man. Now, wait a minute, Constable. I got to get him to see the Sergeant. I want to find out what happened. All right. He was shot in the chest. Other got it in the shoulder. He revived for a while, but lost consciousness again while I was bringing him here. Anything I can do to help? Not for the moment, Lou. Oh, well, you can start some more water heating on the stove if you want to. Sure thing, Sergeant. It was nearly an hour before the Sergeant finished extracting the bullets and bandaging the wounds. When he was through, he washed his hands and rolled down his shirt sleeves. What do you think, Sergeant? All right. I think the bullets recover, Lou. It will be a long time before they're in shape to do any more driving for him. Oh, I'd sure like to get my hands on the sneak and coyotes to shot them. I have a hunched cold faxes in back of this. How much gold were they carrying? Over 20, $20,000 or so. But you guarantee safe shipment to the miners? Sure, I had to.  Do you have that much money? No, but I can raise it. I have $5,000 in the bank and my claim ought to sell for around $15,000. In other words, this loss will wipe you out. Yep. That's about the size of it. Well, don't lose heart, Lou. You may be able to find a hold of men and recover the gold. I sure hope so, Sergeant. You think King can pick up their drill? He's the best tracker in the town, right? How about it, Tom? Your team hitched up yet? All set, Sergeant. I hitched them up while you were working in the drivers. All right. Get to the program. Let's go. All right.  Well, I know you stay here and take care of these wounded men when we get back. They're going to live? I hope so. Well, it's been extracted. They're resting quietly. What I want to know is, how about that gold we're stolen? Our gold refunded to us, Lou, like he claims to be worth it. Of course I am. You don't think I'd go back on my promise to be it? No, I ain't saying that. After all, those drivers were carrying a heavy shipment. Like Colfack said yesterday, maybe it's easier to kill you down savvy. A dog oppressed them as a tracker. According to the press, he'll be able to pick up their set and follow them. Holy smoke under the throat of that. It's bleeding red better clear out of that Captain Carter. I'll go out and warn him. Yeah, and I'll go with you. Yes, to make sure they kick through with our split of the gold. We'll continue our adventure in just a moment. Kids, wouldn't you give anything to be right there at that exciting moment? Well, come out to the ballpark as guests of your favorite team. You can see major or minor league baseball games free if you're 12 years or younger. Just bring mom or dad a paying adult to get your free ticket. Here's all you do. Get a package of Quaker Puff Wheat or Quaker Puff Rice or Muffet Shredded Wheat. Tear off the box top and send with your name and address to baseball box 5205 Chicago 77 Illinois. Details are on every ticket. Get the whole family to go. You will all have fun at the ballpark. For your free ticket, send the box top from Quaker Puff Wheat or Rice or Muffet Shredded Wheat. Send the guarantee seal from Quaker Packo 10 and you'll get two free tickets. Send to baseball box 5205 Chicago 77 Illinois. Send now. The moon had risen and the northern lights flashing overhead made the sky brighter as coal packs of jig hitched up their teams and headed north toward the cabin hideout. About three hours later, they reached their destination. They've got a light burning inside the cabin. Yeah, it's gonna wake. The huge ants are gonna have to wash out of here. Now, what's up? The body found it too express driving. Why? He brought him in this evening. Who was it? That red coat against noob around here. That's right, Sergeant Preston.  Holy mackerel, we gotta get out of here speed. But first, there's a little matter splitting up the gold. Where is it? Over there, Nicole. Looks like quite a haul. How much has it killed here? Around 20 grand. You can fork over half. We can, but we're not going. Don't give me that speed. That's the split we agreed on 50-50. We've changed our minds. Meaning what? Meaning we don't like the idea of us taking all the risk and you share in half the profit. So you'll take five grand and be satisfied. And if you don't like it... Keep your hands right where they are, Speed. I figured you, Jets, might try to welch him a deal, so I brought along this little persuader. Are you a rat? A speed of red glared with baffled rage at the revolver, which Colfax had jerked out of his pocket. The door was suddenly kicked open.  Whirling in the darkness, Colfax took aim at Sergeant Preston, who was silhouetted in the doorway with a constable behind him, but he had already sensed his intention. Before he could fire, the great dog sprang. He went up to the floor, knowing that Speed 2 was armed and would go for his gun. Hit the floor, dog! The constable recovered and led him with a hard breath to the jaw. The victim was grappling on the floor with red. Grading glows at short range. The crook bought some toy reaching for that gun, unless you want trouble with King. Going out to the sled and got a landed Tom, when I keep these crooks covered. Dye sighted. A moment later, Tom returned with the lantern, and then Jig and Red were handcuffed. The other two crooks were unconscious. As the sergeant attended to Speed's wound, Colfax smiled with disgust.  We didn't go to my clock pass. I suspected that Speed and Red were to hold up men, and I also suspected that Speed and Red were to hold up men, and I also suspected that you'd try to warn them. So the constable and I simply hid on the north trail and followed you after you went by. I'm full of rotten luck. For you, maybe. But not for Lou Bernat and the winners. When they get back this gold and you four are behind bars, this case will be closed. It was an average of 500 forest fires every day in the United States. The forest burn would make a strip nearly a mile wide around the earth at the equator. 90% of these trees were used with the result of carelessness on someone's part. The lighted cigarette carelessly flipped out the car window. A campfire left untended. A lighted match thrown into a drift of dry leaves. Or any one of many other thoughtless acts that can cause a fire. With the Mutual Broadcasting System. It is J. Michael wishing you good bye, good luck, and good health. From Quaker Pop Wheat and Quaker Pop Rice. It is time to say goodbye. Good luck and good health. From Quaker Pop Wheat and Quaker Pop Rice. So long. This is Mutual. Radio Network for All America.


Going on everyone Sam here with late sports garage with 23 moments best baseball hobby 8 box case number 17 picker team style names and teams Aaron M with the Astros Anthony K Rockies and Guardians Brandon S athletics Brett E cardinals chase I braves Christopher B Pirates Doug R Tigers Eric R with the Padres Eric M white socks Gavin K Marlins we've got Jack s blue jays James M fillies Jordan W Mets Josh H Royals and Giants Kevin D with the red socks Matthew Raymond D Mariners Robert L Reds Sander K Rangers song la s angels Timothy M Rays and Nats Todd W Brewers Tom C Orioles Yanks Tamoya Y Diamondbacks Tony Y with the Cubs and William S with the Dodgers So good luck here everybody Diego with Iowa State We're down to not a lot down to down to two two on the last break everybody. Good luck. Let's do some be best Be best be best peeper peeper Like when I say I was calling on stream yesterday Good. Oh, yeah bounty bounty bounty man. I'm a man. I'm a doing guess the Super Fracture guesses Start now everybody can guess the Super Fracture get 30 seconds to guess a player on the checklist and Guesses start now everybody go ahead You can go from Michael down Michael to guess to start now and then to before as well Michael F I think right. Yeah start from there About 15 seconds everybody. This is 17. Yes One guess per person All right, 30 seconds is up. I'm gonna type in guesses are Closed Five four three two one guesses are closed everybody. Let's get started Yeah, I ever forget you can feel free to interrupt me if you remember to but somebody I'm sure usually somebody will if I forget to do the And it's shell act of Matt Shaw Shawl act Shawl act Shawl act We pull Kodai Senga to 250 Josh Kazovic base auto for the Lee Jays and Bobby Miller There's real real Drew Jones Jacob Wilson and your Bonilla Logan Ohapi and Justin Kroffa J J Kraw Just chiseled my Henry Chevilley base auto for the twins and one so to really baby Astral projection zack netto and the bowman's best bounty will end the bowman you bounty will just continue to rise All rise Blue chair be paying you 150 That's your boy Is not my boy. That is not my boy. Yeah, we're getting who? We're gonna Maryland. We're gonna Maryland Michael Harris rookie auto ATL Michael ATL Michael Wave of Anthony Volpe Honestly, I trout base auto Nick Morabita They need it And Corbin Carroll factor. Yeah, I think they've been sold out Eric most likely. I always been taken in a lot of them Yeah, I think they sold in most if not all of them to be honest Jordan Walker a story Ruiz and a lover Carlos Korea 2199 and Matt Burris picked up a JRP auto As Yuri Perez gold lava Jordan Walker to 75 The Cardinals and see James only team gone and all of them tomorrow. Yeah, there you go Classic factor I would chase the lotter and we get this guy in late in channel two out of here, please Please count my guests please Real real Brandon my yeah, who is that? What do you think Drew Jones and zack now? Yes, it does Real real Brandon my yeah Count it Michael Harris count it Is a bad attempt Marcella Meyer and Juno Kevin arrow base auto nice one there for the race I don't know if that's how they do it You know what I'm talking about. Yeah. Yeah. Hey for Jay Let's go channel to Elijah green amassatake or sheet of mini diamonds to not to the speaking facts No two stinks to speaking straight facts And time Jay I'm trying to go out shouldn't you didn't do anything. I'm usually pretty pro jumbo Diaz Yeah, I know I'm pretty you pretty much on his side you collar good Force to yeah one guy. It's the one guy that one guy. I just love one guy that you are on Loves to hate on yeah green Jackson chariot of 99 base off Ray Land Karnas Yone for the Red Sox who is better than whatever is going on here Oh, please oh, please. Oh, please. I'm not so sure about that wave of Christopher Morel and Lazarus romances Channel two is getting ready to go into timeout land That is moments best Gabby Morena. Oh funnest timeout land really well Chris Bryant refractor Axel Sanchez physical timeout matters You cried about the footage already got putting time out. Yeah, that makes sense. I got the worst church pants today. There's Matt McLean This channel to Everybody out of here. Honestly get everybody out of here very intelligent Doing doing here. What is happening mini diamonds Lazarus Montez the 290 I'm kind of worried that Gavin cross to 99 Houston's gonna win Texans Not gonna be it's not gonna be what's it called I'm not gonna be in a good mood tomorrow. That's I'm gonna be a little pissed that they don't lose Real to real Adley Rudman. Newly that's here. Yeah. Yeah. I don't want to see what happens To you that is Victor Medeiros. I can't leave. I'm gonna be I'm gonna be seething Barrios Camilla Diaz base auto for the Astros and Jackson holiday. Happy holidays. I Am having a nightmare Well these goons Corbin Carroll masterpieces Masataka Yoshida and Brandon Maia Why'd you bet on the Ravens? Why are you gonna be that?  I know I know Mark Johnson mini diamonds on the No, it won't make me salty when the rays lose There's Carlos Jorge Nice one there base auto for the reds and Tommy Troy They trade him for a couple of freaking First Roman to pitch a to you. Yeah, I didn't say that you did though I didn't say that to win 99 is Oscar Colas. I said because I forgot I said that you play in Yankee stadium 81 games a year And it's a he's gonna itch in all 81 You're bought hold the tape pull the tape do it Lucas G Alita pull it pull the tape right now Josh Chisholm Gibralt Martinez base auto for the Blue Jays and Riley Green One Soto a hunter-brown and Matt McLean base and Trish from tosses Oregon and Mara Maryland left Marland Marland Marland first base auto Caden Wallace Going to the good ol Royals and Acuna I Real reals cam Collier 250 Devis and De Los Santos and Brett Bady They saw it all well been Francisco going to the Guardians Congrats Cleveland Shit got just two teams left if that fills up will break it next if not We'll do the other woman best after pieces show hey a Michael Harris junior ATL Michael ATL Michael Got two to go Oregon and Maryland everybody Oregon and Maryland Mir young that is a rookie of Jordan Walker and Roger audios base auto manual Bonilla for the Blue Jays gave Gonzalez that is James Altman That baby some church bands Get him Michael Harris Hey, I cannot believe he wore church bands to 99 I know I can't believe it hopefully That's pretty man. Can you believe that Kyle or church pants to work? I Mean, that's unreal Bismac That is Hector Rodriguez for the Reds James who wakes up and is like I want to wear Church pants to work who wants to do That is the kill so far and A Christopher Morel. This is gonna be the hyper fixation of the shop next week It's Kyle's church or Kyle dude I feel bad, but I don't He had his church He had his church pants on many diamonds of Max Muncie That is Michael Harris and he's draft bus of all time probably Brady Aiken recently, right and Beckham That is Kenny Gomez base auto for the Stroh's Mark a pal mark a pal. Yeah, well at least that come played like you can never made it, right? Real-to-real Freddy Freeman And a Jackson Churia. It is real-to-real of mr. Acunia That is a second round kicker Zeke Tovar and Miguel Cabrera to 290 no second round Waldo sorry out to 99 green for the Dodgers you're taking a kicker in the second round He better not miss anything right and no one Gorman Add the rushman masterpieces Riley green and Bryce Hartford refracta Everybody two to go Maryland in Oregon last two spots Of the daytime here everyone last two spots of the daytime. He missed a lot That is a Colin out even saw correct one Him and James were just Amazing that is a blue cam collier to 150. That was pretty pretty electric Yeah, oh shoot you weren't here. It was on Tuesday Vaughn was in chat Gabriel Gonzalez and he meant to say like watch like somebody watch somebody watch something happen or somebody do something And instead he just put Watt W.A.T. and hit enter Now Burvis and happy bias You see that meme of the old lady and it just says Watt on it No, there's many machado it's you I have not 99 here. I'll show it to you real quick Yes, you just like that base auto of Deon Jorge for the Rockies. What's he? Now he was I think Britos Christopher Morel rookie and Logan O'Hoffey This right here This this will have you probably No, no this one No It's like Sean I've never seen that pretty funny and y'all just to Oregon spots That's it for the day everybody the daytime. We filled up. We'll rip it next. Oh, yeah From Carol rookie a select base auto and be our stavares going to the Braves There's a Mike trout and a Francisco Linda a Lizondra Rodriguez and many machado Lava max Muncie 250 a Dresden Rodriguez base 30 G Valdez for the Cubs Brian Rock. Yeah, that's a Jordan Walker and Max clerk That is Gunnar Henderson masterpieces She'll act and Jacob Gonzalez base auto Dalton Russian go to the doiers and junior Kevin at old coming on old wave of history Ruiz a Lava to 50 shell act of Jackson Holliday Lepilion and Rafi Devers First not first, but refractor auto of Spencer Jones Yankees Spencer Jones Yankees More spots coming in. Thank you. Well, you're done Alvarez. Yeah, just two left on the day Oregon and Maryland everybody And it's a Brooks Lee and Francisco Alvarez. I think it's fire though. Come on Yeah, the red glove Joshua can't be Josh Lowe though that guy big walla Pete Big water I Don't say an orange that's shell act of Yosue de Paula orange Tommy Troy three of 25 nice one there for and a zona Troy Norhey Vera the Randy Johnson auto 250 congrats wait socks, right? Yeah, wait socks Norhey Vera Buddy better Ronald Cunha True Jones. Oh boy Oregon's in a state of emergency Ice out there. Jesus Michael Royale base auto for the Mariners And Spencer Jones Jackson shurio purple to 250 Lee over Poguero and Colson at Montenegro Randy Johnson does senior portraits. He should dude RJ 51 photos Montez calling out rally green base auto Ariel Castro that's a spot Later on today. Thank you buddy wave of Roger Barrios and the other is old Sears Porsche find soon Reggie Crawford Someone please get the LVs out of here Gold Lava Nica Puyak Greco Puyaka Greco 275 My truck need to please remove them Pull them to tell them to congregate somewhere else Jones tomorrow Johnson and Oscar Polos the really harsh in my mellow where they are All of them all of them. I really do man.  Oh, yeah, he's got like a he's the same So Michael Harris real real Grayson Rodriguez. Well cheaters This one in Luda 150 Spencer Jones Going on Javier Osara Jordan Walker refractor Ethan solace and a Luis Juanita. Yeah, it does not sound fun in Oregon I got my shirt and so on that is a Volpe shell act That was fellows Kurt Suzuki superclass of course moons base auto afraid of Duna for the Reds Kurt Suzuki super collector Those two words together. Yeah, actually Way of Christian attrition classes fell in Celestin Can can account Perez and Marcella Maya Oh Chris Bryant to 250 to 250 Corbin Carroll on the shell act auto. That's nasty. Congrats on that one there Arizona Very nice, Josh young Volpe manual Bonilla and Christian young. All right, do a quick recap here 75 Jordan Walker and Max Munsey Jackson holiday 25 Tommy Troy Auto's Alfredo Duno Ryan Clifford Michael Arroyo Dalton rushing during Valdez and viewers to bars the on Jorge Kenny Gomez Hector Rodriguez Mano Bonilla Well been Francisco Kaden Wallace Gabriel Martinez Carlos Jorge Melodías Freeland Pernazio Junior Kevin Aro Nick Morbido Hendry Chavilly Josh Kasevich Ariel Castro Michael Harris Spencer Jones Javier Osario Axel Sanchez chase the lotter to 250 nor have era 150 Collier to 99 Gavin Cross as Waldo Osario To 75 Fuiaco Grego, and then a mag of Corbin Carroll 250 I'll do it for the break everybody. Thanks again for the fill up next woman's best


Welcome to Barnes Takeout, your daily serving of art. My name is Kaylyn Jewel. I am a senior instructor in adult education at Barnes Foundation. And today I wanted to talk about a room that I miss very much these days. Every day that I work at the Barnes, I spend time in the galleries looking for inspiration, taking in the paintings, looking at all the stuff. And this room that we see here, gallery 23 up on the second floor, is one of my favorite spots in the whole gallery, partly because there's so much weird stuff in there. I think when a lot of us go to the Barnes, we go there to see the fabulous Renoirs like Martha has been talking about or the Van Gogh paintings or Matisse or Picasso. But what we might not expect are some of the little hidden treasures that are in the collection. And so when we look at this room here in room 23, and I think this is a wonderful photograph of the gallery, we can see the trees outside. It makes me really excited that this spring is happening and we're getting ready to see those trees again when we get back to the galleries. But if we zoom into the central part of what Dr. Barnes referred to as his ensembles, what we've got here is a really interesting display of objects. The most prominent in this display is the painting. It was painted by Henri Matisse in 1916. It's called Still Life with Gord's. It's a fabulous painting. And what most people do when we come into this gallery is to look at that painting because it's so wonderful. But what I wanna do is look at something else that's in here and two of these little things. So on the left and right side of what is a coffee pot in the middle that was made in roughly 19th century American coffee pot in the middle, we can see these two little objects. The one on the left is a pelican. The one on the right is just called a bird. So let's look at the one on the right first. So here he is. He is a bird. We'll look at the pelican too. And we can go back here. These two little objects were made by an artist named Thomas Meiling. And they were made sometime in the early 1940s. They were created by Thomas Meiling as a hobby. He referred to them as his creations and they were sent to Dr. Barnes in 1942. These are just two of a collection of other little figures or creations that Tom Meiling sent to Dr. Barnes. And whenever Tom Meiling would send these objects to Dr. Barnes, he would include a note with them. And we have these notes that survive in our archives at the Barnes and our wonderful librarian and archivists have been extraordinarily helpful and digging up all of this stuff. And so I was able to see this correspondence between Tom Meiling and Dr. Barnes. And there's some really wonderful things that both of them have to say about these little objects. So let's look at the lobster claw bird, again made in 1942 or roughly 1942. You can see that we zoom in a little bit more. You can see that it is a lobster claw that has been taken apart and put back together to form the shape of a bird. And if we zoom in on the beak, you can see that Tom Meiling has painted onto the beak a little mouth. Which is adorable.  And his feet are made out of what to me look like beans, like lima beans or something that have been dried and then used in this way. So when Tom Meiling sent these to Dr. Barnes, as I said, he included a note with them. And in this note, he says all kinds of things. And I wanted to read to you a couple of quotes from it because I think it's just really wonderful to get a sense of what Tom Meiling was thinking of when he was making these objects. So he says one day when he was younger, he saw a lobster claw hanging in a window and he looked at it and realized that it had a face in it. And he only needed to add a little paint to this lobster claw to create this face. So this is kind of how this started. He was an artist that was from Maine and he met Dr. Barnes when Dr. Barnes and his wife, Laura, were on vacation up in Maine in the summertime. And so when Tom sent these to Dr. Barnes, he said he refers to Dr. Barnes's collection, which we are so familiar with today. He refers to it as Dr. Barnes's little hobby. Literally uses the word hobby to refer to Dr. Barnes's collection, which I think is pretty great. He says that in this note, I am sending you by parcel post six different articles, which I wish to donate to your museum. And someday about 50 years from now, someone will enjoy them. So this is what Tom Meiling said of these objects. So that was in 1942, April of 1942. Later on, we have Dr. Barnes responding in a whole series of letters with respect to these objects. And he says, in the first of these letters, your package, so this is Dr. Barnes speaking, your package of artistic creations made out of lobster claws was a real delight and they leave no doubt that you are a genuine artist. It will be a pleasure for me to show your works of art to our students, not only for their intrinsic artistic value. So here we can see the pelican and let's go back to this view. And not only for their intrinsic artistic value, but because they are concrete proof of our teaching that art may arise in the most commonplace events of life. And when one's expression is genuinely realized, that work of art takes its place with even the great paintings. And so I think these words of Dr. Barnes are pretty amazing when we think about these really humble little objects made out of common materials, like a clamshell and a lobster claw and some beans, are reconfigured to create these little sculptures. And when Dr. Barnes writes back to him, again, he sends several letters back to Tom Mayling. He says in August of 1942, I shall have photographs taken which show how well the objects which you sent me look among some choice masterpieces of the days of long ago. It should be a great pleasure to know that your artistic expressions have found a setting in such good company. And so Dr. Barnes is really thinking of these little creations that Tom Mayling was creating because he was a retiree, he was 78 years old when he sent these objects to Dr. Barnes and he refers to them in other letters that these are objects that kept him busy and that it was, we can think of them like a craft project. I imagine a lot of us are doing craft projects these days to keep ourselves busy. And so these are little objects that kept Tom Mayling busy. And they were so enjoyable to him that he wanted to share them with other people and wanted specifically to share them with Dr. Barnes as students. And so in the last of these letters that Dr. Barnes writes back to Tom Mayling, he says our teacher, so this is September 17th of 1942, our teachers make use of all of these objects, including yours in their instructions to students. And so as somebody who teaches in the galleries and talks with the public and talks with our students and talks with all of you, I think that we are keeping Tom Mayling's spirit alive when we look at these little creations. So you never know, maybe some of those objects you guys are, might be making and the craft projects that you and maybe your kids are working on right now. Maybe they'll end up in some kind of a collection, like the Barnes someday. All right, well, thank you so much for joining. This was really fun talking about some of my favorite objects at the Barnes. And I hope you guys have a great day. Thank you.


I want to talk about the CAP program as we start jumping into some of these initiatives that you outlined. It's going to be re-skinned almost as the meritorious advancement program. Understand that's to kind of focus on that it's for the best and brightest and it's going to expand to include shore sailor COs having that option to advance their sailors. What is the goal behind that change? Well, it's to bring up the very best of our sailors, to advance them meritoriously, to not wait until they've spent a certain time there and it's also going to give commanding officers the ability to, if they don't have enough of these slots to ask for more and if they don't have sailors that they want to advance to give back some of these slots so that we can move them to other places in the fleet. But it's to get our best, our brightest, our fastest risers and to promote them meritoriously and not to wait, as I said, based on time and grade, based on tests, based on things like this, but it's to get them at the level of responsibility that they're ready to assume. Awesome. Well, I know that some of the sailors definitely wanted that, at least on the shore command some of the feedback we get is that they want to be a part of the CAP program too or be looked at. Well, as important as that program was at sea, it's equally important on shore and there was no reason to have that dividing line. If you were on shore you can be doing a great job and you need to be meritoriously promoted.