Welcome to the channel. This is Reliable Rudy. Today, we're going to go over an example earnings report for Apple's Q3 results. We're going to go more in-depth of what I'm looking for in an earnings report and also a simplified of How you could potentially look at an earnings report in this site for if it's good or bad? But first, I'm not a financial advisor. Everything in this video contains only my opinion and is for entertainment purposes only. So go into this earnings report. What am I going to be looking for? We're going to go on this everything my software and we're going to go into this Q3 report and decipher if anything's changed with our Calculation so these are the calculations that we use for Apple and We are going to see if we are going to tweak any of these numbers so Starting with price to earnings ratio. This is taking the price divided by earnings. So current price of Apple is sitting at 166 we'll call it So going into the earnings report their EPS earnings per share was a dollar 20 now They're nine months. So this taking the last three quarters in with this is four dollars and eighty six cents So I'm going to go and look at Analyst estimates for Apple now Apple is consistently beat on earnings consistently at this E is green That means they're beating on earnings. I'm going to put a little bit higher number We're going to go with a 1.4 We're going to add that into their last three quarters and then divide the stock price by that number so Looking at the four point eight six over the last three quarters We are going to add in one point four and we're looking at roughly six dollars and twenty five cents EPS Is what we can put into this calculation. So The current stock price is one sixty six. We're going to divide that by six point two five We get an EPS or eight a PE ratio of twenty six and a half roughly so looking at the pass of Apple Under their five-year average which is good to see But right in line with their current PE. Okay now for this PE I'd want to see revenue growth over 10% and I'd actually want to see cash flow growth and net income growth Around that 10% range as well So moving right along we're going to look at the return on invested capital Now I just typed in what is Apple's return on invest capital? I changed my filter to the past month and I found Right here that in Q3 Apple posted an ROIC return on best capital of 16% Now a little bit below their five-year average, but ultimately we're looking for over 9% return on invest capital So 16% Apple quarter in and quarter out they consistently Invest their money very well. So 16% is very good and Nothing wrong with that even though it is a decrease. They're still investing their money very well So moving right along we're gonna look at revenue growth. So we're gonna go to the financials We're gonna look at total net sales and we're gonna look at the year over year growth right here I can see this isn't at that 10% range that I'd like to be seeing and as I stated before I was expecting a little bit lower revenue now I can see there is still some growth here. So that is that is good to see but we're gonna see you exactly what that growth is So I'm gonna take total net sales divided by last year's net sales So 82959 divided by 81434 Now you see their revenue growth year over year is 1.8% okay Little bit lower, but we still have a lot of this earnings report to go through so nothing to really determine here But going to the stock animal rights or tool my job is to be conservative I'm using 5 to 10% revenue growth here and this is over a 10-year analysis So a little bit on the lower side, but in high inflationary times. There is higher cost of cost of product cost That is going to hurt their profit margins So that is going to be the next thing that we look at we look we're going to look at the profit margins and gross margins of the company Revenue growth, you know, there still is revenue growth So it is good that they did not decrease in revenue revenue.  So I'm going to take gross margin divided by total net sales So gross margins thirty five eight eight five divided by total net sales eight two nine five nine Okay, so right in line with that 43% nothing's changed right there now profit margin We're going to take net income divided by Total net sales so net income is 19 442 Right there divided by eight two nine five nine Now you can see their profit margin is 23% we go back to the software I can see their year-to-day profit margin is 26% So that's 3% lower 300 basis points lower on profit margins looking at my analysis on on the company That's right in my middle assumptions at that 23% Okay That that there's there's nothing that I see right there that would make me want to change these numbers going on Into the future unless there was something that they had said where they're expecting in forward guidance Where they're expecting margins to increase, but they do not present any of that So we're going to keep that the same as of right now so Moving right along the next on our list is net income growth. So go back to the report I can see year over year. This is a decrease in revenue now if I wanted to see what this Decrease was you can calculate that but I'm I'm very interested in this decrease in revenue because they increase sales But their net income decreased now This is a little bit alarming and could be taken as a red flag, but we're not going to jump to conclusions here But going to our current PE for a PE of 26. I want to see their net income growing I want to see their revenue growing and I want to see their free cash flow growing So something to monitor there for sure So shares outstanding is our next pillar. So we go to the financials We're going to shares used in computing earnings per share. This shows their total shares outstanding Now last year in June This was their total shares and this is their current share So we're going to take last year shares divided by our current shares So see what rate they're buying back these shares So we're going to take 16 6 2 9 3 7 1 divided by 16 1 6 2 9 4 5 Let me see they're buying back their shares year over year at a 2.8 percent rate now looking at Apple's five year The rate that they're buying back shares on a five-year basis is 22 percent So 2.8 percent is drastically lower and like I said Apple is very good at investing their money. They know what they're doing we're actually going to go into the income statement and look at the previous quarters and Look at the rate that they've been buying back shares. So let's Put this on the last four quarters right here and I can see aggressively buying shares aggressively buying shares and now Even from this year they that's still a decent rate of buying back shares But from sixteen point two eight billion to only sixteen point one eight billion The amount that they're buying that back is decreasing a little bit So that is definitely something to monitor But as I mentioned we want the company even though the company's buying back shares Are they buying back good shares did the company buy those shares down here on this dip? I do not know But if I think that the company is overpriced up here We do not want them spending a lot of capital. So even though these shares Decrease a lot at the rate that they're buying them If the company's overpriced, I don't want them spending a lot of their free cash flow focusing on buying back shares So I'm actually going to take the slowed rate of buying shares as a positive But also keep in mind that you don't want the company sitting on a ton of cash either because of high inflation The value of the dollar is depreciating year in and year out So if they're sitting on a bunch of cash, they're not using their money properly And they're actually hurting themselves and not maximizing their potential So positives and negatives in there, but ultimately they are buying back shares They're benefiting the shareholders of the company. That is a positive now long-term liabilities now when looking at an earnings report sometimes it is going to be very hard to track this because The companies aren't going to post their total long-term liabilities in their financials They're just going to show current liabilities and total liabilities Now out of these total liabilities how much of this is long-term. I Cannot decipher in right here. So this is why I kind of wait for the software to get updated That way I can go into this balance sheet and see their total long-term liabilities But here we are here is their last quarter earnings report that is updated I can see that their long-term liabilities is a hundred and fifty five billion So I could go and look at the the debt that they paid off But I'm just going to go off this hundred and fifty five billion and we're going to jump to the cash flow So we're going to jump to the cash flow and see what the cash flow is for Apple So all I did I typed in Apple Q3 free cash flow Now I like why charts for this because it shows every single quarter I can see exact number of cash flow that they that they posted So I can see on this quarter. They posted twenty point eight billion in free cash flow now calculating the year-over-year growth They had nineteen billion in free cash flow the year before so pretty solid growth right there actually Now if I were to calculate that I'd take twenty point seven nine divided by nineteen I can see the growth of their free cash flow year-over-year was nine point four percent So that is definitely a positive right there that kind of lines in more of what I'd be looking for For the price to earnings ratio But then again you look back at that and you say okay the revenue didn't increase like this and The net income didn't increase increase like this where inside of here Did they get that increase in free cash flow? You can dive deeper into that, but that is Definitely a little bit more time-consuming But all in all their free cash flow increased by nine point four percent year-over-year. That is a very good increase So going back to their long-term liabilities if I'm taking that Their free cash flow is twenty point eight and multiply that by four We can expect roughly eighty three point two in that ballpark range for their year to date free cash flow So then I'm going to multiply that by five over the course of five years if they stay consistent with that free cash flow I can expect four hundred and sixteen billion dollars in free cash flow over the next five years We switch over back to the balance sheet go down to total long-term liabilities Does this cover their total long-term liabilities? And it clearly does Apple sitting on a very good in a very good position in terms of their balance sheet and in their debt ratio now I could also go and look at their current ratio Which basically just takes their total assets divided by their total Long-term liabilities or total liabilities to get a current ratio You want that current ratio to be higher than one in this scenario their total assets is Larger than their total liabilities. So the current ratio is going to be Solid that means they're going to have a positive shareholders equity. That is the difference right there 67.4 billion so a couple of things that I was looking at in there and I would say that the free cash flow and the debt levels for Apple is very solid nothing's going to change in there and Of course the free cash flow is growing So I'm not surprised that this number is a little bit lower than this and I'm curious to see When the software updates what these are currently sitting at but that is an example of how I would briefly go through an earnings report Now you can see other types of stuff go in depth to their cash flow statements and see if they had any acquisitions right here it does not show their acquisitions, but in The software I can see their acquisitions that if they were making acquisitions So here's their acquisitions the previous two quarters no acquisitions So that's beautiful and to see that free cash flow increasing like this Pretty solid as well, but that is going to complete this video. I hope you got a better understanding of how I like to read earnings reports and I hope it's you benefit from it as well and I will see you guys on the next video


Unfortunately, most of the lung cancer patients come to us at an advanced stage. The early stage lung cancers can be detected only if the patients pay attention to their symptoms. The most common symptoms are cough and blood in the sputum which we call haemoptysis. There may be symptoms because of the spread of the disease like pain in the bones and other symptoms because of loss of weight etc. Now once the patient comes to us there are a battery of investigations including CT scan, PET scan, oblongoscopy and the other investigations which lead us to a diagnosis of a lung cancer. Lung cancer if found in stages 1 and 2 can be cured by a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A stage 3 or 4 cancers are treated by more complex means.


With U.S.F.K. being a combined military force, each component plays a specific role in the effectiveness of the mission. Special Operations Command Korea is one element that takes pride in playing part as a joint unit during Manga-Dai II. I think SOCCOR brings a unique aspect to Manga-Dai because we're a truly joint command. So we have Navy SEALs out here right now. We have Army Special Forces, Conventional Forces, Army Conventional Air Force Forces, and I think it brings a unique flavor to each platoon that we're in. The training is meant to test each distinctive characteristic of an operator during different missions. Senior Airman Devon Notestein, Korea.


Anyways, black is one of those perfect colors, I mean lack of color, that should be in everyone's wardrobe.  But as we all know, black absorbs a ton of heat.  Come on man, don't lie. And yeah, big surprise, I had one too. Yo look at me, I'm so cool! Getting into one of those is probably like an episode of Hot Ones. Everyone is saying, wear pastels for summer, wear this, wear that. No, no, you wear what you want. I want to wear black, alright? So let's talk about how to wear black when it's hot. So the first step is to deal with it. Yes, it absorbs heat, but like in the winter time, I'd be wearing distressed pants. And there's nothing you can really do about it.  Well, same mindset for summer, just deal with it bro. So yeah, speaking about what I said about the winter months, that's exactly what you want to be rocking this summer, stay cool. Richie lead, I mean distressed clothes, particularly distressed denim. Not the distressed shirts, those were hot in 2016, don't be that guy. Anyways, a nice pair of black distressed denim adds some character to your outfits. You get the air vents from on your knees that'll help give you some breathability. And it is a pair of pants that can go with anything because of its absence of color.  Simple, you got your pants, you just pick out a shirt and then wear a color that compliments your sneaker to that shirt or vice versa. And if you don't have distressed denim, there are DIYs out there on YouTube or you can just cut the pants for some ankle breathability. The third tip to wear black in the summer is that you need to wear the right material, especially on top.  There's materials out there like linen and bamboo and all that. Yes, you still got to deal with the heat, but you can handle it better if you have a piece with breathable material. I personally have never really liked linen. I don't know why, probably just me. But there are shirts out there that are essential for your wardrobe that are made from breathable material. So I'd like to thank essentials for sponsoring this video because their essentials tee is honestly one of the best shirts I've ever worn.  Gross. Put on some deodorant, man. Anyways, essentials just launched last Saturday, and I told you, man, they're close out just like that. Since this is about how to style black when it's hot, I'm definitely going to suggest that you guys cop their essentials black tee because they still have some in stock. But they are just a t-shirt company. They focus on basics and essentials that every dude needs. They've got new colors and new pieces for this collection. You don't want to miss out on this launch or you're going to experience what it's like to get end game spoiled for you. Now, I personally like the handleys because they are probably the easiest shirt to style during the springtime. Sometimes the springtime can get really hot during the day, and then at night it cools down a little bit, and then you stay perfectly warm without having to carry an extra jacket with you. Now, for me, I sized up on this one. I'm wearing a large because with handleys, I do like it to be a little bit more drapey and not skin tight.  And trust me, fellas, if you lift, handleys are the perfect shirt for you. The ladies love it on guys. And they also have a ton of new items in the collection from the Essentials underwear. Of course, the handleys and the long-sleeved polos. So make sure you guys click the link in the description. Use my discount code JTie10 for 10% off and make sure you copy your Essentials before they do sell out.  And yeah, free shipping for the Merckins and cheaper shipping for everyone outside the US. Go cop on, man, link in the description with my discount code. Otherwise, just find a t-shirt with the material that'll keep you cool.  Make sure it's a lightweight material or a material that repels odors. You're gonna sweat regardless. And last but not least, I definitely recommend avoiding the all-black look. Now you can totally do it, this is just a recommendation. I've done it myself a lot, but boy, are you asking for an ass-whipping from the sun?  Usually it's a black shirt and to contrast the dark tone of that shirt, I'd wear light pants and a light-colored sneaker. If I'm wearing black pants, I definitely will wear a bright color that doesn't absorb heat and then white sneakers. Those are just my go-tos for summer because layering is out the window. And trust me, I'd love to go layer. The layering in the summer is a no-go. You are asking for a second ass-whipping from the sun. All right, fellas, I hope you found this video helpful. Follow me on Instagram at isflywithjohnytie, almost at 10K. And leave me a comment down below on how you guys stay cool in the summertime. And until then, stay fly. Make sure you guys check out Essentials. Use my discount code and I'm out, man. Peace.


Hello Dr. Sabur, is everything okay? Everything is fine, now we will start. Good afternoon everyone. First of all, it gives me immense pleasure to welcome you all on the 75th anniversary celebration of the United Nations and as the world celebrate this day, the 24th of October, for acknowledging the organization Stylist Service towards the people and our planet. With the Political Science Department of Thetso College, with our esteemed guests, teachers and together with our students are gathered here to commemorate and celebrate this auspicious day. My name is Bukit Ali, I am a third semester. And my name is Alex Shuiu of BA Fifth semester, Political Science Department. And before we go any further, I would like to highlight the order of the program. Chairperson will be Alex Shuiu and Bukit Ali Yaptomi. Welcome not by Dr. Remy Longmai, HOD of Political Science of Thetso College. Guest speaker, Professor H. John Sema, Dean of School of Social Science and Dean of School of Management, Nalain University. The first recorded song healed the role by Imkong Tungzuk of BA Third semester. And we are the role by Hinoli T. Chishi of BA Third semester. Second, speeches from the students. Fili Nyumai on UN Women. Zunkum Yumchungur on UN World Food Program. Kehito T. Jumumi on UN Climate Change. Short speech by Dr. Hewasa Lorin, Vice-Principal of Thetso College. Recorded dance, contemporary dance by K. Rachel Iseng and Rose Emlota, BA Third semester. Special appeal and message, students and teachers. Commemorative speech by our guest speaker. Mass reading of the preamble of the UN as a joint place of allegiance to the UN. What a thanks by Dr. Anirudha Babbar, Assistant Professor of Thetso College. Before we start, I would like to ask Dr. Amy, H.O.G. of Political Science of Department, Thetso College, to give the welcome note. Okay, thank you so much, Alex, Rio and Ketoli and Tommy, Chairpersons for this event. Good afternoon, everyone. Once again, welcome, everyone, to this remarkable event organized by the Department of Political Science, Thetso College, Dimaput. Thank you all for joining us for today's program to mark the 75th anniversary of the United Nations and its founding charter. Ladies and gentlemen, today we are indeed fortunate to have Professor H. John Semah, Professor of Political Science and Dean of School of Social Sciences and also Dean in Charge of School of Management, Nagaland University, as our guest speaker. Thank you very much, respected sir, for taking the time out of your busy schedule to be with us today. We heartily welcome you and are eagerly waiting to listen to you this afternoon. And with the same enthusiastic spirit, I am also delighted to welcome our Vice Principal, Dr. Hewasa Lorin, who will deliver a short speech on this auspicious occasion. Respected ma'am, thank you so very much for being here with us today. I now would like to acknowledge the presence of our Director, our Deans, our HODs and our esteemed guests and also extend our warm welcome to each one of them. But last but not least, let me welcome and say a big thank you to all the participants for joining us for today's event. Well, about today's event, as we recall it, notably three developments, the forces of nationalism and militarism, an intense armaments race and a system of rival alliances led to extreme international tension and conflict in the early 1900s, despite efforts to bring nations closer together. Perhaps for the first time in history, according to reliable estimates, over 8 million people lost their lives in battle during the First World War. Many more than that number were wounded and millions were crippled for life. The loss of life among the civilian population was almost as great as that among the armed forces. The destruction of property was appalling. There were also other costs of the war, which were even harder to estimate. The First World War encouraged the world to invest in an international organization to deal with conflict. Many believe such, believe that such an organization would help the world to avoid war. As a result, the League of Nations was born. The new League of Nations was created to promote cooperation and peace. According to its covenants, it had two main aims, to promote international cooperation and maintain peace by the peaceful settlement of disputes and by reducing armaments. However, despite its initial success, it could not prevent the Second World War. Many more people died and were wounded in this war than ever before. The United Nations was founded as a successor to the League of Nations on the 24th of October 1945. It was organized to preserve peace and give a voice to all independent sovereign nations, regardless of size. Today, we all gather here to join the international community in solidarity to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the UN and its founding charter under the team recalling and supporting the founding mission of the United Nations. And to pay rich tribute to those great men and women who have successfully put ideas into action, which now turns 75 and is still working for world peace, security, equality, development and welfare of all. The future we want, the United Nations we need. Reaffirming our collective commitment to multilateralism is the theme for UN Day this year. And we are joining the rest of the world in celebrating the UN Day through this program. Thank you, everyone, and looking forward to enjoy the rest of the program. Thank you. Thank you, Dr. Remy, for coming at this evening of this day. Thanks for the program. We have songs by Imti Tongs of B.A. Third Semester, Heal the World, followed by Hinoli Tichishi, B.A. Third Semester, We Are the World. No, no, no, no, no, check it. The song is all yellow, of course. You all can listen. And I know that it is love and displayed in my brighter than tomorrow. You'll find there's no need to cry alone. And displayed, you feel there's no word or sorrow to get there. If you can't even space life for you. Existing and start living all the life. Love is strong. Yes. Imti Tongs of B.A. Third Semester, Heal the World, followed by Hinoli Tichishi, B.A. Third Semester, We Are the World. Second, we have speeches from the students. First, fill in your mind on UN Women. Second, Zungum Yemchengru on UN World Food Program. Third, Kejito T. Jumomi on UN Climate Change. If you're ready, you can take your time, respectively. Good afternoon, everyone. Today is UN United Nations Day, so on this special day, I want to talk about United Nations Women. The United Nations Women is the United Nations NDP formed in 2011 by merging earlier agencies related to UN. It is dedicated to gender equality and for the empowerment of women. This entity was established to accelerate progress on meeting the needs worldwide. UN Women works with governments and civil societies for achieving gender equality and design laws, policies, programs and services necessary for achieving goals. It also works globally to visualize the sustainable development goals as a reality for women and girls. Women participation is focused through four strategies, like women leadership and participation, women empowerment through education, employment and financial autonomy, thus enabling them to live life freely from all kinds of violence for their contribution in having a sustainable future. The Commission on the Status of Women founded in 1947 is the principle global intergovernmental body and exclusively dedicated to the promotion of gender equality and women empowerment. Through this commission, conventions on women rights related to political rights, civil rights and economic rights were also drafted. A major step towards consolidation of UN's stand on women rights is the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. It was established in 1979. The year 1975 was designated as International Women's Year, followed by 1976 to 1985, which was declared as the UN Decade for Women. Its landmarks in the efforts of the Commission came with the bridging, declaration and goals for a platform of action in 1995. Thus, UN Women charts out its agenda for gender equality across all the sustainable development goals to be achieved by 2030. Thank you. Well, good afternoon to you all. Respect our voice principle, our place speakers, teachers and all my dear friends. First of all, I would like to give thanks for this privilege to give a speech on this auspicious day of United Nations Day on team, regarding and supporting the founding mission of the UN. Well, my speech is on United Nations World Food Programme and so here it goes. The World Food Programme WFP is a leading humanitarian organization, saving lives and changing lives, delivering food assistance in emergencies and working with communities to improve nutrition and build resilience. As the international community has committed to end hunger-achieve food security and improve nutrition by 2030, there is a struggle to break the cycle of hunger and poverty by 2030. For its effort to combat hunger, for its contribution to better condition for peace in conflict areas, for preventing the use of hunger as weapons of war and conflict, WFP was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2020. WFP's effort focuses on emergency relief and rehabilitation, development, aid and special operations. During emergencies, this UN program provides food assistance to the victims of war, civil conflicts, drought and natural disasters. It focuses on nutrition, especially for women and children, and limiting school meals, buying food from closer areas to help sustain local economies. WFP meets people's food needs through cash-paid transfers. It also provides ear services as part of its humanitarian program. WFP is funded by voluntary donations and it works closely with food and agricultural organizations of the UN and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. That's all. Thank you. Good afternoon everyone and a very special warm greeting to all of you on this United Nations Day. I would like to say a topic on the United Nations climate change. Climate change is a defining issue of our time and we had a defining moment from shifting weather patterns which threatened food security, rising sea levels, catastrophic floods at unprecedented levels. So to reduce the impact, one has to concentrate on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These occur naturally and are essentially for human survival and other living beings. With acceleration of industrialization, deforestation and large-scale cultivation and burning of fossil fuel emissions of greenhouse cases have increased leading to global rise in temperature. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change was set up to assess the climate change. According to this, there is considerable damage to our ecosystem, planetary, climatic system, destruction to Amazon rainforest and the Arctic tundra are running retreat of mountainous glaciers and effect in downstream water supply which will have repercussion transcending to future generation. So to tackle these changes, the United Nations has few legal instruments like the United Nations framework on climate change such as Kyoto Protocol that is binding member's nation to reduce the emission which was founded in the year 1995 and the Paris Conference in the year 2015 in order to reject the global warming and in 2019 the Climate Action Summit focused on areas like heavy industry, nature-based solution, cities, energy, resilience and climate finance, climate action. That is also one of the sustainable development goals which was done in the year 2030. In 2007, the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to former USA Vice President A.I. Gore and the IPCC for their effort to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change and to lay foundation for the majors that are needed to counteract that change. Thank you so much everyone. Thank you M.A. Third semester students for short briefing us on the various UN programs. Now we have a speech by Dr. Eva Salloran, Vice Principal at Sokolich. You may take your time. Hi everyone. I hope you can hear me fine. Just let me know in between the program if you cannot hear me. You can just interrupt me in between. Yeah, it's clear. It's clear. Okay, so let me begin by wishing you all a very good afternoon, respected chairperson and our distinguished guest speaker, Professor H. John Sema, the Dean of School of Social Sciences and the Dean in Charge of School of Management, Naglain University. We're really grateful that you could be a part of this program this afternoon. The HOD of the Political Science Department, all the department members, the faculty and all students who are attending this program this afternoon. It is truly an honor for me to be speaking in this program, initiated by the Political Science Department to honor and commemorate the turning of 75 years of the United Nations. I see that we have about a good number of 70 plus participants and even professors from other departments attending this program. It's so nice that you could join and support the Political Science Department in this initiative. For us in Naglain to be observing something of this kind is significant, especially to our younger generation to ensure that the younger generation understand the stark importance of, as the United Nations have put it very well, shaping our future together. Because while we are much stronger together, the deviation of just one individual in a society can be tracked and negatively impact the progress of a nation altogether. That is why it is so important to collaborate and to learn how to work together, even as we are all different individuals in this world with different perspectives and minds of our own. This is vital now more than ever, even as we see immense differences and divide, occurring in our very own land today, with the Naga settlement being a major issue of contention with different Naga civil and political groups that are forging ahead with their own ideology, very often moving in different directions, but that's a topic for another day. This afternoon, as we celebrate the UN's completion of 75 years of existence, I wanted to take this brief moment to remind everyone that we must remember that nations coming together to improve lives is impossible without collective effort and collaboration, and that's where we all come in. It is in every action of recall to action and even in action that we convey an important message on our stance towards important issues in society. Therefore, it is imperative that while we must embody a positive outlook in whatever we do, we must also be sharply aware of the challenges and issues that we as a world face and that we must overcome together. We are undoubtedly all tied together. Humanity is tied together and we share a common responsibility to create a better world for us and the future generations that will come after us. So I felt it important to take this time out to remind everyone of the 17 sustainable development goals of the UN so that each of us, in our own way, whenever we get the chance, we can do what we can to help sustain these goals. I'm happy that among the 17 sustainable goals, three of them have already been addressed by the students this afternoon. On Women by Philly, the World Food Program by Zengtun, and Climate Change by Geh Tito. So now I just want to share with you my screen. Subway, if you'll allow me to just present my screen. The 17 sustainable development goals. Just give me a moment. I hope you guys can see it. So on the screen, you can see the 17 sustainable development goals which are put out in serial number. Number one, no poverty. Number two, zero hunger. Three, good health and well-being. Four, quality education, which is what we're trying to do here today. Five, gender equality. Six, clean water and sanitation, a basic necessity that some parts of the world still do not even have. Seven, affordable and clean energy. Eight, decent work and economic growth. Nine is industry, innovation and infrastructure. Ten is reduced inequality. Eleven, sustainable cities and communities. Twelve is responsible consumption and production. Thirteen, climate action. Fourteen, life below water. Fifteen, life on land. Sixteen, peace, justice and strong institutions. And seventeen, which is partnerships for the goal. We can see the extensive amount of issues the UN sustainable development goals cover. Now for us, it is our responsibility to find a goal that's important to you and be a part of the movement. I'm saying this because I know the youth can help make a huge difference. It reminds me of the two Indonesian girls, Melati and Isabel Witsen. I don't know if you've heard of them, but they were on TED Talks too. They appeared on TED Talks and they're quite famous for their success at banning plastic bags in Indonesia. And this was done all at the age of 18 and 16. This is them receiving an award for their efforts towards they introduced bye-bye plastic bags in Indonesia. So this is inspiration for all of you to take away this afternoon.  As the vision and mission of the Seoul College of State, we are all here to create a positive impact in the world. And that is our hope for you. So on the one hand we have the United Nations and on the other hand we have the Seoul College students. Dream big, think big and do it together and let us all help shape a better future for the world. Thank you for this time. Thank you, Ma'am. I was speaking on the significance of the UN and also coming together of all nations to get rid of all role issues. Coming to the next, we have recorded dance, contemporary dance by K. Rachel Isam and Rose M. Lothar of BA Third Semester. Vice Principal Ma'am, you have to unmute your mic. Sorry for the inconvenience due to some technical issues we're not able to play. So next, go to the next program. Now we have special appeals and messages from the students and teachers. From the students side, we have K. Lumbé, Maolemla, Ime Samba, and TP Tok Achmi. From the teachers side, we have Dr. Vijaya, Sir Supong, and Dr. Sabor. You may take your time accordingly one after the other. The United Nations is an interdisciplinary organization from the present moment, almost all countries in Europe, developing a fairly relation with the Irish. Thank you, the United Nations, for your time as a member of the nation, and bringing about the same things in the hearts of the people. I also appreciate the United Nations, so you are a better place. With this work, I would like to give my special thanks for the best volunteer and progressment to the United Nations for its human rights. Thank you for making the course of this round-end collaboration work. First of all, I would like to thank the United Nations, University and Secondary, and very much thankful to the opposition for making the course of human rights a top priority, and also for creating key role in competing with the rest of the issues, like the result related to the support in this environment, and for the pursuit of democracy, and also for generating more and more independent support of children in the rounds of education, and also for implementing their promise. So, I would like to thank the United Nations for bringing the responsibility of COVID-19 to save lives, and for expanding as many issues as they can throughout the world. And thank you for your diverse support, diverse support, and for managing peace and order in the world where this is always present. Last year, COVID-19 will continue to keep doing the work that you have been doing despite the previous results, so that one day, our world will become a better place to be, well-being, better nations. Thank you very much. I am happy to be somewhat of a God semester from the Department of Political Science Directorate, and so much to my heart. First of all, I would like to know which day you landed on this 72th anniversary. To start off, I would like to say thank you. Getting to the point, I would like to make some comments on how the man has been working effortlessly and tirelessly for the betterment of all the time on the globe. The potential issue we are already in, as the COVID-19 has affected and enriched various aspects and various processes in the world, you have to see how the event is still working for the betterment. It's still in the name of compensation. India's most vicious thing, despite all the flaws and issues the COVID has created, the event is still open, strong, and still be able to work towards peace and unity. Well, the beginning of that between all countries was never easy, and it's never easy. But you asked your nation and so you built this. Who gave us that possible outcome? About, well, the name that another war doesn't break out. As we go along, clearly, that we don't need wars to settle the wars. The thing that was not supposed to be done on hardships, issues, and we are forgetting criticism is put in power. Not all members of the countries agree to each other sometimes. But the event doesn't look upon that, but also try to bring measures for the betterment of all the countries. And in the end of the day, despite that it's not enough to put forward the best that is needed, it's joined by power. Thank you, Iran, for all your investigation and hard work. Keep working for the betterment of the world for peace and unity. Hello, Emma Odebel. Yes, you are Odebel. Yeah, good evening, everyone. Respect it, our distinguished guest, Sir John Sima, Memo Ovesa-Lorin, the principal of Tetzel College, Dr. Ramey, the HOD of Political Science Department. My good name is Hippito Kiatrimi. I'm the former students of Tetzel College. I'm so blessed to be back at my own family once again. In order to kick off with my presentation, I'd like to highlight a few points about a united nation, how it was being origin. And in order to understand, we can break down into two different dimensions. That is before 19th century and after 19th century. As you all know that before 19th century, the Roman Empire, the Greek Empire and the Christian powers plays a crucial role in maintaining international peace across their own nation's debts. Coming to the 19th century, as you all know that the League of Nations, the Charter Egg, the European Concert plays a vital role in maintaining a peace across the nation. So today what I feel and what I do is that United Nations plays a crucial role. And it was formed in the year 24th of October 1945 and today we are organizing this event and I'm so proud to be a part of Tetzel College. As you all know that Trigavli was appointed as the first general secretary of United Nations. And today United Nations plays an important role in settling the disputes between the India and Pakistan. Not only that, but it also helped in settling the disputes between the ISIS and the Israel countries. Today United Nations helped in providing food across like 90 million people. Not only that but it also assists around 35 refugees across the world globe. And today United Nations under United Nations 140 countries come together in order to fight against this climate change. So these are the few achievements and few origin of United Nations. So in my conclusion I would like to put up a famous quotation which was stated by one of the general secretary of United Nations which says, today your small step might be the biggest journey for tomorrow. Thank you everyone, have a nice day. Good afternoon everyone. I would like to thank first the organizers for giving me this opportunity. And I am Visya Jamundeshwari faculty in department of political science. So as we are observing the platinum jubilee of an international organization founded for the earnest cause to save humankind from modern conflict. United Nations is entering its 76th year on a sober note with a handful of challenges surrounding it. And not only this the urge to have an international organization for the world battered by two world wars and failure of League of Nations provided safe ground for United Nations. And United Nations represents the aspirations of humankind and stands for promotion of basic human rights, peaceful means of coexistence and peaceful conflict resolution. Role of United Nations in peace keeping missions, development of basic infrastructure for the vulnerable sections of world like mitigation of hunger, deprivation, health, water and hygiene and uphold of human rights, particularly rights of children, women, ethnic minorities and indigenous people is commendable. So the flip side to this narration is the puzzle between its principles and power. So the incidents during Cold War and post Cold War discredited the role of United Nations. The power elite of United Nations that is the permanent file of Security Council are donating the structure through their veto power. So the new world order perceived by United Nations is aborted due to denying his money of few developed nations and rivalries of member states are the underlying problems which has to be dealt with iron hand. Reforms to the organization are most particularly speaking about United Nations Security Council. Adversaries are even remained undeterred by the present pandemic crisis. And to make the remarks about this puzzle, I want to mention here Mr. Guterres, the present United Nations Secretary General, in his own words that regarding this attitude of the elite towards the present crisis as the United Nations is only a strong entity when its members are committed. Otherwise it is a failure. So to conclude, I want to say that for United Nations to live up to its expectations, there must be global push against power of elite members through which United Nations can restore balance between its principles and power. Thank you. I would also like to echo this concern as other participants have mentioned about the observance of this 75th year of the United Nations. We have seen that UN has been instrumental in maintaining world peace. And then UN has been involved in many humanitarian activities which has brought peace and harmony and development to many deprived sections of the people. Even the fact that the world is still divided between the global south and the global north, it is all the more imperative that the UN plays a very important role, given the fact that the threat that the world is facing from various sources be chemical weapons, be it through various known sources. Therefore, it is all the more incumbent upon the UN to live up to its ideals. At the same time, the world is going through a phase where the increase of the right wing populism is increasing day by day, be it in Turkey, be it in the US, be it in France. We are seeing the emergence of right wing which is reminiscent of the time of the Second World War. Therefore, it is important that the UN, all the more, makes policies to implement a directive whereby they could incorporate the concerns of the developing countries as well. At last, I would like to congratulate once again the Tetsu College for commemorating this UN day. Thank you. Thank you very much, Mr. Samur and Tetsu College, and we are happy to get the opportunity on the occasion of the Sunday anniversary of the foundation of the United Nations. It is essential to look back on who is fighting the circumstances under which UN is born, whether UN has lived up to its founding principles or not, and challenges faced by UN only for a hundred years. UN, who in its journey, has faced many crises and turned to the assistance. In spite of these challenges, we are moving ahead with the day to see the two nice humanitarian crises across the globe. Humanitarian crises are the result of the U.S. fiscal policies made by the UN. This is the main candidate of the rich countries. I would like to highlight the plight of the vulnerable sections of the society, like children, women, ethnic minorities and indigenous people throughout the world facing civil wars, religious persecutions, hunger, indifference and lack of basic communities, as well as lack of habits and livelihoods, lack of basic infrastructure facilities under development and developing countries. This conflict of resources and exploits and response by the rich and developed countries are predominantly leading these vulnerable sections to hunger, molestations of bone and epistheics, and leading to the worst refugee crisis in the last two decades. The plight of the refugees is a flood of flood and humanity. For avoiding further deterioration of these crises, UN must try to reach sustainable development goals by 2030. Thank you. Thank you teachers and students for the message. Now we have come to the most awaited part of the session that is commemorative speech by our guest speaker. He'll be speaking on the team, recalling and supporting the founding missions of the UN. Sir, if you're ready, please take your time. Good evening, everyone. And thank you so much for inviting me to be here as your guest speaker. Thank you to the chairperson. And I will also like to thank to this HOD of the Political Science Department, Dr. Rimi Nomi and also your vice principal of the college, Madam Iwasa Loring, and their colleagues in the Department of Political Science and the teachers, the faculty members in the Tesla College, and also the students of Tesla College present here. The topic which I was asked to speak on this in commemoration of 75 years of UN establishment, recalling and supporting the founding mission of the UN. As you all know that the United Nations was formed in 1945 after the massive destruction caused by the Second World War. The League of Nations, although the League of Nations was formed in 1919 after the Treaty of the Versailles, but this could not prevent the Second World War. So here is the credit of a machine of the United Nations was under the initiation of the American President Franklin Roosevelt and the Prime Minister of Great Britain, Winston Churchill. They held a secret meeting in this meeting about these double ships in the Pleasant Abbey near this Newfoundland, Canada, and they discussed by creating this body for international efforts. And for making peace efforts and also make the issue of the joint statement called the Atlantic Charter in August 1941. Now, what they have discussed here is that how they have to prevent war and how the war has been caused and so the intention was to see that how to create peace among the nations around the world. Now, over the next couple of years, several meeting took place and particularly they have initiated among the Allied Powers who were against the Axis Powers, particularly against Germany, Italy, and Japan. Now, these, the Allied Powers, they decided on the post Cold War Charter that will describe the precise role of the United Nations. Now, what kind of the role of the United Nations should play for maintaining international peace and security around the world? And for that, they feel that unless political power is given to the UN and if the UN is established in the political context, then only they will be able to maintain international peace and security. So, finally, they have the United Nations, they have just proclaimed a proposal and finally the United Nations came into existence on October 24, 1945 after being ratified by the 15 member countries. And among these 15 member countries you will find that even India at that time, India was not yet sovereign independent state but India also has become one of the founding member or you can say the charter member of the United Nations. And because of that, India is also bound by the United Nations Charter and watered where United Nations has to, the recollection has to be there and that has to abide by that. Now, you will find that this, at that time when the United Nations was formed, there were only 15 member countries but now you will find that it has been expanded to 193 countries. When the United Nations was formed, you will find that it was a task to take care of these millions of refugees to rehabilitate and to repatriate caused by the great World War II. Now, you will find that millions of people were killed, millions of people were also displaced, millions of people were also died out of poverty because of this, because of the war. Now, you will find that how when the United Nations were formed, you will find that the UN was having a tough time. Now, after 75 years again, you will find that the United Nations UN completed now 75 years. Now, to commemorate the historic moment, the meeting, damned that the future we want, the future we want, the UN win it. The reaffirming our collective commitment to multilateralism is a landmark event as for the first time in 75 years, the 193 member body will be holding session virtually to mark 75 years anniversary on account of the COVID outbreak. Here this, as UN marks its 75th anniversary, the world is in turmoil. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted more than one million dead so far and more than 10 million people were infected by this virus and is nowhere to close to be condemned. Now, with this again, you will find that the whole economy is experiencing the worst recession since the Great Depression of the 1930s because of job loss, unemployment, poverty and starvation. That has inflicted the world, particularly the third world countries, where 70% of the total populations of the third world is under poverty line. Now, in this kind of a situation, how the United Nations has to play an important role and how to take out these kind of problems and to solve these problems, this has become a great challenge to all of us. It is not only the UN, but also each and every one of us to play an important role to contribute to solve this, the pandemic and to also solve the problems of poverty and hunger. Now, let us go back to the charter and mostly, but there are so many, but I just want to talk on three points. The United Nations was built on three pillars. Now, there are so many other important charters that points that they are doing, but I just want to focus only on three points. The first one was to maintain international peace and security. To that end, to take effective collective measure for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace and security of the nations. Because only when there is peace among the nations, there will be security. And if there is a, only when there is a security, there will be peace, progress and prosperity. So peace and security is two sides of the same coin and it is a vice versa. If there is no peace, there cannot be security. If there is no security, there cannot be peace. And this is the two important, one very important pillar of United Nations that was a very foundation that the United Nations was formed. Now, the second one is, the second pillar was human rights. Now, in 1948, the UN General Assembly approved the universal declaration of human rights, which set out for the first time the fundamental rights including civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. That all countries were obliged to uphold. So I just want to discuss few points. I'm not going to go very detailed, but this one, some of this, the second pillar here on human rights, the civil rights. This is the most basic human rights to fear and decent treatment for each and every individual. Very weaker you are from white or black, you're coming from advance or backward or from whichever risk. You have the rights, you have to be given a fear treatment and you should have a freedom of speech and expressions. This is the one, one a very, very important civil rights that has been enshrined in the charter of the United Nations. The second one is the political rights. You have the rights of a citizen in a free society to participate in a governmental procedure where the people should have the right to participate, to cushion if there is any acts of commission or omission on the part of the government. The people have the rights to participate on the functioning of the government. Also the citizen have the right to contest, they have the right to vote and also they can also participate in the electoral process and the functioning of the government. We have another political rights here, particularly with the referring to the indigenous peoples. The indigenous people, they also have the right to self determinations and this is a part of their human rights. In what way they want to be governed, in what way they want to have the government or type of the government or in what way they want to have the political system. This is the one here we call it political rights. That is also very much part of human rights. Now the third one is the social rights. Here we talk about social equality. What do you mean by social equality? We are talking about the social equality in terms of gender equality. What do you mean by gender equality? We talk about women which consists of 50% of the world population. They should also have equal share in this government, liberties, civil rights or properties, inheritance, whatever. Now if you are not able to give them, that you cannot say that we are social equality. In the context of Nagaland, we always talk about that our Nagar women also enjoy equal opportunity, equality with men but it all becomes superficial until and unless they are given equal opportunity in every field where men also, men has an access to all this corridor of power or inheritance or political power, what not. So this is a one very important aspect that social equality refers, equality between men and women. This is what as a student of political science and social scientists should always keep in mind that. The fourth one is you talk about economic rights. Now when you talk about economic rights, you talk about that each and every individual should have the right to have food. Nobody should be left without food. Nobody should be left without shelter and clothing or food, whatever. You have the right to have the resources, you have the right to possess the mineral or natural resources under your possessions, within and outside, whatever. If you have economic rights means you have even an opportunity to earn your livelihood, this is also part of economic rights and this is also part of your human rights. Now if you are capable and if you are capable to possess and acquire any kind of things, this is also part of your human rights and economic rights is also part of economic rights, human rights. Here the next one, the fifth one is cultural rights. When you talk about the cultural rights, preservation of your ethnic groups, now your tribes or your language, your traditions. Now your folk-wise, your customs. When you talk about the culture, you talk about having your customary laws. Now the customary laws is that govern your society. Now how to recollect your system? This is some of very important where the student of political science and social scientist and particularly the educated sections of the people should know that we have to see that the political rights, we not only talk about civil, political, but social rights that also give equality to each and every one. Now here we come back to this third pillar of the UN Charter that the third pillar was development. Now according to UN Charter, member countries are committed to promote social progress and better standard of life in larger freedom. Now the development agenda includes it encompass the objective of reducing inequalities between developed and third world countries including through this decolonization was also part of the World War II agenda. Now here when we talk about these developments, we find that there is an inequalities of economic development between the developed and the third world countries, particularly on these technologies, industrials. These are some of economic disparities between the developed and the third world countries. So because of that the third world countries also to the forum of the United Nations, on the platform of the third world country they demanded that there should be economic equities and developed countries should assist the third world countries for their economic development. On the basis of that they have established new international economic order so that the gap between the developed countries and the underdeveloped countries can be breached. And they call it these South, North and South corporations and for that we need to see that the third world countries also should come forward but the developed countries see that why you the third world countries are unable to catch up with the developed countries. It is because your system, there is a problem in your system and the system that you are not able to develop it is mainly because you have not streamlined your system and your countries are mostly dominated by the corrupted leaders and that is why your third world countries are inflicted by poverty and hunger and development. But the third world countries accuse the developed countries saying that all the resources that was available in their countries has been extracted and trained by the developed countries by the colonial powers and they have been left empty handed and because of that they see that their economy they should assist them to develop the economy. That was the bond of contention that is the contest between the developed and the third world countries. Anyway whatever maybe the reasons they want that there should be equality between all the countries of the world. Now besides this although there has been lots of problems but through this UN, the UN has able to do so many commendable works. I do not want to waste time to discuss so many things so I just want to cut short my speech. So the truth is the UN they have able to contain the another world, many of the world that has developed but that has been localized to the initiation of the UN. So that way UN has made a considerable contribution to the world peace. Now you will find that UN has also credited so many agencies and through these agencies they have done commendable humanitarian works like WHO, ILO, there is a Red Cross. They have also, there is a World International Children Emergency Fund. They also have International Scientific and Cultural Agency for this educating to many of the third world countries and also they also have a program on this UN will for food program in Iraq peacekeeping force in many parts of the world. Those are some of these commendable jobs. Here among these commendable jobs that UN has done a lot and that is really I would like to discuss here a few points here that gender equality and protection of the culture is one of the most notable program that has been achieved around the world. Although it may not be 100% success but to some extent it has been very successful, particularly this empowerment of a woman and also protecting of the child, there is most and also the most vulnerable sections of the people. Now you will find that with this dismantling of the burning world in 1989 in November and also this the fourth world conference on the woman rights at Beijing given to us the woman's empowerment. You'll find that one very glaring example, you can see that Mrs. Angela Merkel, the Chancellor of the Germany, she is, she belongs to this East German which was under the communist block. After the unification of the German, this Mrs. Angela Merkel, she has become the Chancellor of the Germany and she has been the Chancellor for the third successive tenure and she has been considered as one of the greatest and the most capable leader in the European countries. This is one greatest achievement that after the fourth world, this after the dismantling of the German wall and Berlin wall and also this the fourth woman conference that was held in 1995 at Beijing and you also found that there are many women that are coming forward to take the leadership and just now our Vice-Principal has shown in the clips that how the young teenagers in Indonesia has been getting this award. This is also one of the greatest achievement that a woman has come forward through this, the agencies through the help of the propagating the rights of the woman in the UN. So this is some of this, you know, through this UN platform that the women's laws has been improved a lot.  Now what is the most important that UN has to face? Now number one is that to contain COVID-19 pandemic around the world. Now this is one of the unprecedented pandemic that after this 1919 that Spanish pandemic. Now here you will find that this pandemic has become one of this enemy of the world that has united the world but again some here, some of the countries are flexing the muscle trying to dictate others. This is becoming one of the challenges to this United Nations how to resolve this kind of the problems. Now to this because of the pandemic now the United Nations has to face the challenges. One is to provide food to the poor and needy and also to provide employment opportunity to those peoples those have been displaced because of pandemic. Now you will find that even in India you will find that so many peoples were met unemployed because of the pandemic. Now this is some of the problems. Now how to solve these problems? The job opportunities and employment. This is one very important aspect that the world has to face and particularly to the third world countries like India where millions of peoples are living under poverty line. Now you also faced that the sum of our students have already spoke on climate change and environment protection environmental protection greenhouse effects so I'm not going to speak much on that. But I would also like to challenge our youngsters try to protect our environment because you are the future of this the universe and unless until and unless you protect the environment how are we going to face. This is one problem even the Japan the most developed countries when they have over exploited resources the environment the environment has also got a limit and because of that there was a tsunami in Japan. So this is some of the problem that we have to face we have to take care of that. Now the UN also has to take the challenge the crisis the crisis over this big and powerful countries that are flexing the muskles. Now Russia's take over over part of the Ukraine. This is also one of the challenge that you have you have to tackle the problems. Now China is trying to take over the South China Sea. This is also one of these that trapped to neighboring countries in the South China Sea and also the India and other small countries Israel and Palestinian conflict that is also one of the main problem that is facing the countries around the world. So now you'll find that some of there are some problems civil war in Syria or Yemen Libya Armenia and Azerbaijan Rohingya refugees problems in my number and there are many many more problems that is created that their crisis that is facing this UN. Now another more challenges that is facing the UN is democratization of the UN because the UN has been dominated and controlled by the big powers. And now it is up to the world members how we have to democratize the UN particularly the security councils and the better powers that poses by the permanent security council members. Now as function of the security council members who are seeking this to become the permanent members particularly this India, Japan, Germany and Brazil. Now we also have to see that until and unless the UN there is a democratization they cannot be just equal and also equality among the rest of the world and so this is some of the challenges that the UN is facing now. Now you'll find that of course the UN over the last 75 years they have taken so many problems around the world. They also solved the problems of the refugees. They also solved the problems of war. They also faced the problems of the civil wars in particularly in the African countries but they also failed in many aspects where the UN has been criticized for the failure and particularly they were not able to take action against the big powers when the big powers who are the U.S. are not able to contribute despite that the UN could be able to contribute world peace so far there has been war but that has been localized that has not been escalated the world war. So this is one of the main contributions of the UN in the last 75 years. Now we should also see to that that if you want the UN to be successful each and every one of us should contribute should give our effort to see that the UN should able to function effectively for the betterment of the future generations. So despite this failure in many fronts the UN remains highly influential institutions. More importantly it embodies the best of humanity the belief that all people observe basic dignity and that walking together is the only way to deliver it. 75 years after its birth you'll find the world beginning with the U.S. The most powerful countries must revive and recommit itself to the UN multilateralism that it embodies for the betterment of the world. So with these few words I would like to conclude my speech. Thank you so much for the organizers for inviting me to be your guest speaker and I wish the Department of Political Science, the HOD and the faculty members, the students and also the Deso College all the best. Thank you so much for the time to speak on your functioning. Thank you for the presentation and also for sharing it with us with your insightful thoughts. I believe that everyone has benefited from your presentation. Now we have mass reading of the preamble of the UN as a joint pledge of the allegiance to the UN. I request everyone of you to join us in reading the preamble. We, the people of the United Nations, determined to save succeeding generations from the spiritual part of the human race in the beginning with the human person in the full rights of women and women. We affirm faith in fundamental human rights, right in the dignity and word of the human person in the equal rights of women and women and of the nation. I would like to conclude my speech. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. I would like to conclude my speech. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. Thank you so much for the presentation and also for sharing it with us. Now we've come to the end of the program. So to give the vote of thanks, I request Dr. Anuridha Vagra Assistant Professor. Honorable Chairperson, thank you for this opportunity. United Nations is marking its 75th anniversary and we are celebrating this grand event at Tesla College under the pioneering leadership of the Department of Political Science at the time of great destruction of the world. Compounded by an unprecedented global health crisis with severe economic and social impacts and also the political strategic tantrums of countries like China which has evidently threatened international peace and order. Question arises. Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends, will we emerge stronger and better equipped to work together? Or will distrust and isolation grow further? 2020 must be an year of dialogue when we come together to discuss our priorities as a human family and how we can build a better future for all. The whole basis of the United Nations is the right of all nations, great or small, to have weight, to have vote, to be attended to, to be a part of the 20th century. For the first time more than ever before in human history, dear brothers and sisters, we have a common destiny. We can master it only if we face it together and that, my friends, is why we have the United Nations. Let us not forget that the United Nations rose from the ashes of destruction and created a magnificent region for all of humankind to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war and protect universal human rights. There have been accusations against United Nations. Many a times we come across concerns that the United Nations is failing, but my dear friends, ladies and gentlemen, United Nations is not failing. Rather, we are collectively failing its charter and ideals through the decisions we make or fail to make. When we are ready and collectively decide to fulfill the ideals of the United Nations, we will see the conventions, reports and structures as valuable tools for getting there. Dear friends, also I would like to mention here and I would like to draw your attention to an important fact that as a result of the Holocaust, the United Nations pledge that nothing like that seen against humanity would be allowed to happen again. This pledge has not been honored. We have had and continue to have Holocaust incidents by Russia, China, Cambodia, North Korea and in Africa, the Middle East and other countries where millions of people have been tortured and not murdered either in the name of the politics or in the name of nationalism. Dear friends, when we celebrate 75th anniversary of the United Nations, let us not celebrate it blindly. Let us make United Nations also accountable. That is very important. As Professor John Sema rightly pointed out, there have been serious power imbalance in the world and United Nations is collectively failing to adjust the balance of power. The countries which are politically superior are trying to suppress the interest of the countries which are still rising from the ashes. Let us look at Africa. Let us look at sub-Saharan regions in the Africa. Let us look at Asia and then let us look at the Europe. I'm not simply talking from the economic perspective or from simply from the political perspective, but as a student of political science and also as a student of international law. I believe as a citizen of the world and the citizen of India belonging to one of the ancient civilizations in the world that strive for the peace, it is our responsibility, individual and collective, to make each other answerable to the ideals established by the United Nations. It is not just a question of an individual. It is not just a question of a nation. It is not just a question of the United Nations. My dear friends, dear brothers and sisters and ladies and gentlemen, it is a question of humanity, the survival of humanity and also the collective progress of the mankind. We have taken a very good decision to commemorate 75th anniversary of the United Nations.  The last few minutes of his speech are really important. I request you to listen to them once again when we put it on the YouTube. I'm also thankful to the head of the department of political science, a very energetic person and my dear friend, Professor Ringmay Longmay, for his time and for his dedication. I'm also thankful to all my students, all my colleagues and all the participants who have participated in this important program. Let me remind you once again, this is not just a celebration, but rather we are required to contemplate. We are required to think, after all, at the end, we are the world. We are the world. And yes, yes, yes, we are the world. Thank you so much. I declare the program is finished. Thank you so much.  Thank you so much. I would like to thank our Vice Principal, Dr. Heversa Lorin for her time also and her sharing. Actually, all the sharing today has benefited richly to the students and teachers of international politics. Most importantly, the teachers and students of international organizations. I would like to thank everyone of you from the department. Thank you very much everyone. Thank you so much. Have a great evening ahead. Thank you.


I'm Mary Graham. I direct the Transparency Project at the Kennedy School of Government. What I find inspiring about looking at the original copy of the 19th Amendment at the National Archives is a stark reminder that we're a nation of laws. It's one sentence on an aging piece of paper carefully preserved, but what it meant was that women would forever have an independent voice in shaping our democracy. I also appreciate the documents of struggle that surround the 19th Amendment, the struggle that continues to fulfill its promise. The men and women who fought courageously and continue to fight courageously to assure that every woman will have a right to vote. It's a good time for us to remember that the promise of the 19th Amendment can only be fulfilled by our continuing vigilance and our continuing courageous actions.