What's the best way to stay healthy in the face of so much conflicting nutrition information? Well, ideally you would go to the source, the gold standard, the peer-reviewed medical literature, and read through the stacks of the latest medical journals. But who's got time for that? I do! Welcome to the Nutrition Facts Podcast. I'm your host, Dr. Michael Greger. It's time for the Nutrition Facts at Grab Bag, where we look at the science on a wide variety of topics. Today we start with the results of a study that has correlated low calcium intake and vitamin D exposure with how our bone fracture rates in British vegans. Vegetarians at slightly lower bone mineral density in their spines. Although the difference was basically within the margin of error for the test, if the bone quality really is compromised, it could lead to collapse vertebra, increased spinal fracture risk. There's no evidence for this. The incidence of vertebral fracture was ascertained in older women who had been vegan for most of their lives, 34 years on average. And despite their calcium intake being terrible, about half that of the non-vegans, and a quarter of them vitamin D deficient, the incidence of vertebral fractures was not significantly different. Although the vegans had a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and lower dietary calcium intakes, the two factors were not associated with bone loss. In fact, the annual loss in bone mineral density in the hips of vegans was less than half that of the meat-eaters, though the difference did not reach statistical significance. Vegetarian women had not been found to be at high risk of any kind of fractures, including wrist fractures in this case, though among vegetarians, those who consumed the least vegetable protein intake were at the highest risk for fracture. Those who ate beans every day, or nuts, or like veggie burgers, only had a third of the wrist fractures compared to vegetarians who only ate beans or other higher protein foods less than three times a week. So, those who consume a vegan or vegetarian diet may be at increased risk of fracture unless care is taken to ensure an adequate quantity and variety of foods high in protein, such as whole grains, nuts, and beans, split-peach, chickpeas, or lentils, are in the diet. That's one of the reasons my free Daily Dozen app I recommend whole grains and legumes every day. Hip fractures are even more serious. Those eating legumes, like beans every day, reduce their risk of hip fracture by more than 60% compared to 40% lower risk for meat protein with plant-based meats coming in between with about 50% lower risk of hip fractures. What's the bottom line on plant-based diets and bone health according to this 2020 review? Theoretically, a long-term plant-based diet may reduce the risk of osteoporosis, but that has yet to be demonstrated. What we do know is that plant-based diets, when ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D levels don't appear to have any detrimental effects on bone health. But this was published August 2020. In November 2020, the 12-year follow-up to the study I talked about in my last video on comparative fracture risk in vegetarians versus non-vegetarians was published, finding that non-meditors, especially vegans, had higher risk of total bone fractures, including at sites associated with osteoporosis, such as hip fractures. It comes out to be about 20 more cases in vegans for every 1,000 people over 10 years. So if indeed this is cause and effect, eating vegan there would be an annual 1 in 500 chance of having a bone fracture that you otherwise might not have had. Was it because they weren't eating enough beans? Apparently not, since vegans getting more protein still apparently had higher risk. Maybe it was because they weren't getting enough calcium? Apparently not, since vegans getting more calcium still, apparently, had higher risk. What about bone and vitamin B12? If you remember Epic Oxford, where the bone data comes from, is the same group of British vegans who had rampant B12 deficiency. More than half the vegans were B12 deficient because they weren't adequately supplementing with B12 or B12 fortified foods. This can lead to high homocysteine levels, which not only increase stroke risk, but may increase the activity of bone-eating cells This was in a petri dish. But you do indeed see low bone mineral density in those born with a birth defect, at least at high homocysteine levels in the blood. Therefore, high serum homocysteine may be regarded as a factor that can reduce both bone mass and quality, but you don't know until you put it to the test. And homocysteine lowering treatment failed to reduce the risk of bone fracture. So in the end, the effect of B12 deficiency in bone health remains to be established. Okay, so how do we explain the higher fracture rates found among vegans? The investigators conclude that their findings suggest that bone health in vegans requires further research, but there were some clues. The elevated fracture risk, both for total fractures and for hip fractures specifically, was only significant for those under a BMI of 22.5, which is like under about 130 pounds for a woman of average height. So part of the problem is that vegans tend to be so slender on average. Why are overweight and obese individuals protected from fractures? Well, think about it. They have cushioning during a fall. There's more of a cushion on your hips. Also, there's an enzyme in fatty tissue that churns out estrogen, which is why women increase their breast cancer risk, a percentage point for every pound they gain in adulthood. But estrogen can also have a bone-preserving effect. You can get the best of both worlds consuming soy foods, preventing bone loss while at the same time associated with lessening breast cancer risk for both estrogen-receptor positive tumors and estrogen-receptor negative tumors. Finally, overweight and obese individuals may also have stronger bones just from the increased weight-bearing, carrying 100 extra pounds. You're doing major weight-bearing exercise, just walking across the room. So the risk difference they saw between vegans and meat-eaters were likely at least partially due to the difference in BMI. My money, however, is on vitamin D. Great Britain is at Canadian latitudes. The sun's rays are at such an angle during the winter months up there that the vitamin D levels among British vegans in the wintertime drops down to suboptimal levels. Ideally, we should be up around 75 nanomoles per liter, or 30 nanograms per milliliter, depending on what units you're using, which the vegans nail in the summer. It is the sunshine vitamin after all, but in the winter, not getting the vitamin D added to dairy or found naturally in oily fish, if vegans aren't supplementing, at that latitude, during the winter, their vitamin D levels may drop too low. Now, randomized controlled trials show that vitamin D alone does not seem to reduce fracture rates, but boosting people's D and calcium at the same time does, so maybe it was a combination of the relatively low D and calcium intakes among the vegans that led to their higher fracture rates. We won't know for sure until it's actually put to the test, and when it is, you can be sure I'll do a video about it. Did you know that our body can make vitamin K2 from the K1 in green leafy vegetables? Here's the story. Vitamin K. Wait, I know about vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. What happened to vitamins F, G, H, I, and J? It's not alphabetical. Vitamin K stands for coagulation, or at least it does in German. That's the fundamental role vitamin K plays, helping the blood to clot. But over the last few decades, there's evidence that it has other roles in the health of our bones, heart, and brain. It kind of reminds me of vitamin D. I mean, we know vitamin D is important for bone health, but then there's been all sorts of other controversial functions ascribed to it, some of which have been proven and some disproven. What about vitamin K? For bone health, for example, is the link between vitamin K and osteoporosis myth or reality? It turns out the findings on vitamin K and bone are conflicting and unclear. It doesn't help that some of the major trials were found to be problematic, to say the least, as in likely fraudulent, containing impossible data with investigators admitting to complete fabrication. And so if you do a systematic review, eliminating any fraud, we find there's no evidence that vitamin K supplementation affects bone mineral density or vertebral fractures. What about the heart? Vitamin K supplementation for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. There's a vitamin K activated protein in your blood that binds up excess calcium and helps prevent calcium from being deposited into the walls of your arteries and stiffening them. So if you give people extra vitamin K, will that protect people's arteries from calcification? It sounds good in theory, but no, vitamin K does not appear to consistently prevent progression of calcification, atherosclerosis, or arterial stiffness. For example, artery calcification is particularly common in patients with chronic kidney disease, which can lead to increased artery stiffness, which is an important risk factor for heart attacks and strokes. In earlier trial, didn't find any benefit on coronary artery calcification between the vitamin K and placebo groups, but they were using kind of a small dose. So these trials use a whopping dose daily for a year and nada. Vitamin K supplementation did not improve vascular stiffness or other measures of artery health. And in fact, one study on the effect of vitamin K supplementation on artery calcification in patients with diabetes found that calcification tended to increase after supplementation with a type of vitamin K found in a slimy fermented soy food called natto. Now those with higher levels of vitamin K circulating their bloodstreams do tend to have lower levels of inflammation, but no wonder where is vitamin K found? The predominant dietary form of vitamin K in the human diet comes from dark green leafy vegetables and cruciferous vegetables. So how did people get high levels in their blood eating broccoli? Those with higher levels of vitamin K in their blood were eating more vegetables, less meat. No wonder they had lower levels of inflammation. The recommended adequate daily intake for vitamin K is set at 70 micrograms a day in Europe, in between 90 and 120 a day here in the United States. Just two leaves of kale has over 70, and a quarter cup of cooked kale will get anyone all the K they need for the day. Now there is vitamin K found in meat, dairy, and eggs, averaging about 5 to 10 micrograms per serving. In other words, they are even beaten out by iceberg lettuce, which is mostly water, but still contains like two to three times more vitamin K. Ah, but that's vitamin K1. What's found in animal products is mostly vitamin K2. Do you need K2? Apparently not. Once you get enough plant-based K1, there's no established requirement for K2, because it hasn't been proven that K2 has effects that are different from K1. They both act the same way in the body, thus there's not even enough data to take K2 into account at all. So when the recommended adequate daily intakes are set, they're only talking about getting enough K1 from plants, mostly green vegetables. In fact, most of the bone trials that flopped used the K2 found in animal products, and most of the failed heart studies used K2 as well. Okay, even though there's presently a lack of randomized trial evidence to support a beneficial role for vitamin K in preventing the worsening of cardiovascular disease or bone health, what if that were to change? What if all of a sudden, K2 was shown to have unique benefits? Well, guess what? The bacteria in your gut make K2. That's why fermented foods have K2, bacteria make it. And the bacteria in your gut not only make it, but it gets absorbed from your colon up into your system, contributing a significant amount of the human vitamin K requirement, just in case you miss a couple days of greens. Vitamin K1 is made by plants and is the primary dietary form. Then there are dozen or so types of vitamin K2, which are synthesized by bacteria, including several types in the human gut. The exception, though, is a type of K2 called Manaquinone 4, Mk4, which is endogenously synthesized in mammals, and therefore is found in animal products. Now, I don't know if any of you noticed, but were mammals too? It has consistently been shown that vitamin K1 from greens is endogenously converted inside your body to the vitamin K2 in animal products. You're made out of meat, too! Though it took until 2010 before we discovered the human biosynthetic enzyme that does it. So, no reason at all to take any sort of vitamin K supplement, eat your greens. In fact, when K2 supplements were looked at, researchers found significant problems in terms of contaminants and mislabeling eat your greens. Now, K2 appears in higher concentrations in certain tissues, including the brain. Again, we make K2 from the K1 we eat in greens, but maybe extra K2 might help. Well, if we measure vitamin K levels in the blood and brains of centenarians, so those that live over 100, concentrations of circulating K1 from vegetables, but not cerebral K2, not the K2 in the brain, was positively correlated with a wide range of cognitive measures. Why? Likely because they're eating green vegetables, and green vegetables don't just have vitamin K. Green leafy vegetables are the most concentrated source of lutein, the eye health nutrient that's taken up into the brain and is associated with cognitive performance across the lifespan. And so, in the centenarians, circulating K1 and lutein concentrations were highly correlated, so it's hard to tease out exactly what in greens was so beneficial. It's like when you see data showing lower circulating K1 levels in the bloodstream are associated with the increased risk of all-cause mortality, meaning lower K1 levels were correlated with a shorter lifespan. Well, duh, K1 is found in greens, and if all the dietary components correlated with all-cause mortality, the best evidence appears to support the intake of green leafy vegetables and salads to reduce all-cause mortality. In other words, you're green. In our final story, we look at how we might replicate one of the greatest public health victories of all time, the reduction in smoking rates, but in the field of nutrition. What we learned from the tobacco experience, wrote two preeminent public health scholars, is how powerfully profits can motivate, even at the cost of millions of lives and unspeakable suffering.  How similar is big food? I've talked about how big food is used in the same tobacco industry playbook. What about using the anti-tobacco playbook to counter the obesity crisis? Tobacco is one of our great public health victories. The share of adults who smoke declined from 42% in 1965 down to just 15% by 2016. That's about 5 out of 12 down to less than 2 out of 12. Thanks to the decline, cigarettes now only kill about a half million Americans every year, whereas our diet now kills tens of thousands more. Currently, the leading cause of death in America is the American diet. Might we be able to use the same strategies that were so successful in the battle against big tobacco? It may be no coincidence that three of the most cost-effective policy interventions against obesity seem to be taken straight from the tobacco wars. First, taxes on unhealthy products, front-of-pack labeling, and a restriction on advertising to children. Excised taxes on cigarettes has been cited as the single most effective weapon in slashing smoking rates. A 25 cents per pack tax to help deal with some of the societal costs of smoking was associated with as much as a 9% decrease in smoking rates. The World Health Organization has estimated that a 70% global increase in the price could prevent up to a quarter of all tobacco-related deaths worldwide. Extending taxes on alcohol and tobacco to foodstuffs was proposed by none other than Adam Smith in his 1776 Wealth of Nations. Sugar, rum, and tobacco are commodities which are nowhere, necessities of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption and which are therefore extremely proper subjects of taxation. People have the right to smoke and drink and eat fattening foods, the logic goes, but perhaps they should help defray some of the publicly funded medical costs to that result. Well, that's the case. Why not tax obese people directly? Taxing people based on their weight was proposed at least as far back as 1904 in the British Medical Journal, a kind of pounds for pounds strategy, actually only up to seven shillings and six pence per pound. This was not only to recompense public coffers but nudge behavioral change. A tax on fat, read the proposal, would also have the excellent effect on the health of the nation by bringing about a reform of unwholesome habits of eating and drinking. Even a penny per ounce tax on sugar-sweetened beverages could bring in more than a billion dollars a year in states like Texas and California. A 10% tax on fattening foods on a national level could yield a half a trillion dollars over 10 years. Even if it was combined with a subsidy that lowered the cost of fruits and vegetables by 10%, it would be expected to net hundreds of billions of dollars. But would it actually change people's habits? Even a small price differential about 10% between leaded and unleaded gas was able to shift the entire auto industry away from lead. Could it also shift Americans to apples from apple pie? A systematic review of the available evidence suggests that dietary financial incentives and disincentives work. The cheaper you make fruits and vegetables, the more people say they'd buy. And the more you tax on healthy foods, the lower consumption drops. Based on this kind of modeling, a tax on saturated fat, found mostly in fatty meat, dairy, and junk, could potentially save thousands of lives a year. But wouldn't such a tax disproportionately affect the poor? Yes, in that we would expect them to benefit the most. It's like cigarette taxes. The classic tobacco industry arguments that cigarette taxes are unfair and regressive, burdening the poor the most. To which the public health community responded, cancer is unfair. Cancer disproportionately burdens the poor, so taxes will be expected to affect the greatest health gains for the least well-off. The fact that the tobacco industry fought tooth and nail against cigarette taxes, everything from inventing front groups to overtly buying off politicians, suggests that taxes can indeed shift consumption patterns, but much of the evidence on changing food behaviors has not been based on real-life data. You can put people through fancy 3D supermarket simulators and discover that a 25% discount of fruits and veggies appears to boost produce purchasing by the same amount, up to about two pounds a week. But virtual vegetables don't actually do you any good. Does this work out in the real world? Apparently so. South Africa's largest private health insurer started offering up to 25% cash back on healthy food purchases to hundreds of thousands of households up to the U.S. equivalent of $799 per month. Why would they give money away? Because it apparently works, increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables and whole grains, while at the same time decreasing consumption of foods high in added salt, sugar, and fat, including processed meats and fast food. Why not just pay people to lose weight directly? A systematic review found 11 out of 12 studies on financial incentives for weight loss described positive results. The one that failed to find a benefit of direct monetary inducements was only offering $2.80 a day. With kids, you can get away with just a nickel or a sticker to get them to choose dried fruit over a cookie as an after-school snack, as soon as the enticements ended, so did the change in behavior. Even if the incentives have to be made permanent, they might still pay for themselves. In the U.S., every dollar spent taxing processed foods or milk might net an estimated $2 in health care cost savings. Every dollar spent making vegetables cheaper could net $3, and subsidizing whole grains might offer more than a thousand percent return on our investment. Even a 1% decrease in the average price of all fruits and vegetables might prevent nearly 10,000 heart attacks and strokes every year. What about taxes, though, which tend to be less popular than subsidies in Europe? A number of countries have instituted taxes on sugary or salty foods, but Denmark was the first to introduce attacks on saturated fat, and only took agribusiness about a year to squash it, demonstrating how weak public health professionals can be when trying to tackle corporate power. This was chalked up to the enormous imbalance between the political influence exerted by the public health community compared to the industry's lobbying might. We would love it if you could share with us your stories about reinventing your health through evidence-based nutrition. Go to nutritionfacts.org slash testimonials. We may be able to share it on our social media to help inspire others. To see any graphs, charts, graphics, images, or studies mentioned here, please go to the Nutrition Facts Podcast landing page. There you'll find all the detailed information you need plus links to all the sources we cite for each of these topics. For a vital, timely text on the pathogens that cause pandemics, you can order the e-book, audio book, or hard copy of my latest book, How to Survive a Pandemic. For recipes, check out my new How Not to Diet Cookbook. It's beautifully designed with more than 100 recipes for delicious and nutritious meals. And of course, all of the proceeds I received from sales of all my books go to charity. NutritionFacts.org is a non-profit science-based public service where you can sign up for free daily updates. In the latest in nutrition research, we have bite-sized videos and articles. Everything on the website is free. There's no ads, no corporate sponsorship, no kickbacks. It's strictly non-commercial, not selling anything. I just put it up as a public service as a labor of love as a tribute to my grandmother, whose own life was saved with evidence-based nutrition.


Hey guys, I'm on vacation right now but I was editing this video and I realized that it's just way too long. So I decided to split it into part one and part two. If you haven't watched part one yet, check it out. I'll put it right here. Um, but yeah, this is going to be part two. Hope you enjoy the video and I'll see you on the inside. All right. Next one is a huge trap question and that is what did you dislike about your previous job? Now they know that you either already left your previous job or you're planning on leaving your previous job in order to take that position. So with this one, I cannot stress how important this is. Make sure to never bad talk your former employer or your employees that you worked with. I don't care how bad they were. Never ever ever say anything bad about them. So the way I recommend answering this question is start off by saying something really nice about your previous job. And then after you've said something really nice about your previous job, maybe your boss that you worked for as well as your fellow employees, then what you want to say is that job didn't have the advancements that this job offers. And there's many different ways that you could say that. For instance, you could say this company seems to be on the cutting edge of technology and it's extremely innovative and exciting. And I felt like the previous company wasn't nearly as innovative. And so I outgrew them. And then after you've done that, finish it off by saying that you truly appreciate the opportunities that your previous company gave you and then maybe say some nice things about the people or the boss. And this is also known as the sandwich method. So whenever you're going to maybe lightly criticize something, you want to say something nice, then the light criticism, then something nice again at the end and the light criticism of the other company needs to be framed in such a way that you make the new company look really good. All right. So this one is a huge trap question. Very easy to mess this one up, especially if you get caught off guard. So this one goes into trap tier. All right. Next question is what do you like to do outside of work? Now this one is kind of a subtle trap question. And here's why. When they ask this question, they are evaluating you to see if you are a good fit for their company culture.  So for instance, if you like spending time after work, rating dungeons on World of Warcraft until 3am in the morning, that's great, but keep it to yourself.  So this one goes into trap tier as well. The next one on the list, why do you want this job? This one is kind of a light trap question in my opinion. You know, this is one you definitely want to prepare for and give a pretty good answer. Talk about things that make the company unique, right? So this is where you want to do research on the company, look up their mission statement, their vision statement, et cetera, and talk about the things that make that company unique. What sets them apart from their competitors? Maybe it's that you think they're much more innovative than their competitors. So that would be a great thing for you to talk about during the interview. Now I have seen people make jokes about, you know, to pay the rents or for the money or things like that.  It's funny, the first maybe one or two times.  So that's one of those things you definitely want to avoid saying. So I'll put this one in the trap category, although it's kind of a light trap question. What experiences do you have that would make you a good fit for this role? All right. So this one is actually a great opportunity for you to showcase that you did your homework on the company and the position. And let's be real here. The question is slightly annoying because they have a highly curated resume right in front of them that they can read. And it lays out your experience line by line, but you don't want to be boring and just go through your experience like you did in the resume. What you want to do here is demonstrate that you understand the role that you are interviewing for. And then you want to talk about a few things that you know are very important in that role and talk about past experiences that you had that are similar to that that showcase that you can do it. And this involves doing a lot of homework before you interview with the company. So for instance, there was one company that I interviewed with where what I did is I asked somebody who was in the position that I was interviewing with at a different branch. And I basically asked them what are the most important things that the company is looking for in this position. And they told me about a few key metrics that the company is just constantly talking to their employees about because they're very important. And so what I did during the job interview is I talked about a few of these really important metrics. And then I gave them examples from my last job of me working with similar metrics and improving them. So this is a really great opportunity for you to just knock it out of the park. Definitely keep this one work related. So for that reason, I'll go ahead and put this one into work tier. The next one is what is your greatest achievement. And this is another one where maybe your greatest achievement is getting 99 strength on RuneScape, but you should probably keep that to yourself. Or maybe your greatest achievement was beating this really annoying kid in high school in a 1v1 playing Modern Warfare 2 on Rust. Again, you probably want to keep that to yourself. I would highly recommend keeping this one either work or school related. Pretend like they asked you what is your greatest work achievement. And this is one where you do want to structure it like a story.  They had a really huge problem. You came onto the scene. You solved that huge problem for them. And then at the very end, everyone was happy. So you really want to structure this almost like a story. This one is going to go into work tier. Next question. What kind of leadership style do you have? Now, most companies want to hire people who could potentially move into leadership roles in the future. The fact that people are interested in leadership roles kind of showcases that they want to learn and they want to get better at their job and they want to progress within the company and think about it. Nobody wants to go into a company stay in the same exact position doing the same thing for years and years at a time. Everybody wants to either change responsibility, take on more responsibility, take on leadership. You're eventually going to get incredibly bored if you just do the same thing over and over again. And it's going to lead to you probably not getting as much work done and spending all of your time at work on your phone. Now, this is really a cultural question and the answer they're looking for is you basically have a leadership style where you're very collaborative, you like to coach people, you're very hands-on, you're very engaged, you're proactive, you want to get the best out of people as well as getting the best out of yourself. So this one goes into work tier. Next question is what makes you better than the other candidates? This is a super big trap question.  You haven't looked at their resumes, you haven't even met them. And so how would you even know the answer to that? But anyways, you want to answer this question in the same way that you answered what makes you a good candidate for this job. You don't want to get super competitive and be like, I'm better than these people because of this or that. You just want to keep the spotlight on you and talk about yourself and what makes you a good candidate for that specific position. If you start bagging on the other candidates, it's just not a good look because let's be honest, you don't even know them. So this one goes into trap tier. What's your ideal work environment? The one that I'm interviewing for right now? This is kind of a silly question too. But this cookie cutter way to answer this one is say that you want an environment where you're rewarded for your hard work, you have opportunities to progress, you get to learn new things and pick up new skills, and eventually you move into a leadership position. And you also want to talk about being really collaborative, being a good teammate and having a good positive work culture. This one is going to go into work tier. Where do you see yourself in five years? Employed, hopefully? This is the equivalent of them basically just straight up asking you, are you interested in being a manager or a leader in this company? And the answer is, yes, of course you are, even if you aren't. So you want to tell them how in five years from now, hopefully you have learned a lot from your job and you have moved up within the company. Don't tell them that five years from now, you want to be working at Google or running your own successful business. You want to make it clear to them that you have long-term intentions with their company. So this one is a little bit of a trap question. I'll put it in trap tier. All right. So the next one is going to be, tell me about a time when type questions. And this could be any combination of the past questions, except ask in this story style format. This is based off of the belief that past behavior does tend to be an indicator of future behavior. Now, sometimes they might ask you specific questions. So you do have to be really prepared for that. And if you get stumped at any time with this type of question, especially when they're asking for you to just come up with a story out of the top of your head, something that happened in your past, don't be afraid to ask them for a few moments to think of an answer. Now, a slightly different version of this one would be the, what would you do if type questions? This is essentially the same exact thing as the last type of question. You can attach this to just about any of the questions that were on this list, but this is much easier because you're basically just going to think in your head, what would you do if? So they'll give you an example of a situation with a coworker or, you know, a customer or something along those lines. And then they would say, what would you do in this scenario? Now, behavioral questions tend to be much more accurate in my opinion. And companies are kind of moving away from this type of question, because let's be realistic about this, you could probably just BS some answer off the top of your head and tell them what they want to hear. Now, I do have a gift for you here. And what I highly recommend is you go over these different behavioral interview type questions, you come up with a story for each one of them. So there's different sections on here. So for instance, the first section is coping with stressful situations and interpersonal conflicts. What you want to do is come up with at least one to two stories for each section. Most of these questions are relatively similar. And the truth is you could probably answer all of them with the same story. The next section is motivating others and leadership skills. Again, maybe come up with one or two stories here. The next section is initiative or action oriented. The next section is teamwork and team building. The next section is goal setting. The next section is achievements and accomplishments. The next section is handling failure, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. So what you can basically do is come up with a story for each of these types of questions. And depending on the way they ask you the question, you can modify your story. So for instance, if they ask you the question in the way of tell me about a time in the past when then you can tell them about a time in the past when you did that thing. So you tell the story. If they ask you, what would you do if your brain is going to remember the story and you're going to get to tell them very similar things to what you did in a similar situation in your past. So it's going to come across a lot more smoothly than if you just tried to memorize the answer. So for instance, they could ask you, what are your strengths? They could ask you, how would your strengths help you in this situation? Or they could ask you, tell me about a time in your past where you demonstrated some of your personal strengths. And if you just do the third one that tell me about a time in your past where you demonstrated some of the personal strengths, you have all three answers covered. Now this is another bonus for you. The way that you answer these questions is what's known as the stars method and stars stands for situation, task, action, result. And then I actually add the S onto the end, which is basically summarize what you learned. So you basically want to describe the situation that you were in. You want to talk about the task that you were doing at the time. And that might involve talking about the problem that presented itself. And then you want to talk about the actions that you took in order to solve that problem or do that task. And then at the very end, you want to talk about the results. And then at the very end, I always like to summarize things just to make sure that I'm actually answering the question that they asked. And I like to end it on a positive note. So I tell them kind of what I learned from the situation. Now I made much more detailed videos on this in the past on this channel, definitely check those out. But the stars method is super powerful for telling stories. Now, if you want access to these behavioral questions, I'm going to put it down in the description in the resources section. So it'll be basically at the very bottom of the description. Now the last question is the most important one. Do you have any questions for us? This is a great question. And it's a opportunity for you to demonstrate that you've really done your homework. You want to ask them things that talk about their experience at the company. You want to ask them things that show that you are interested in them. You also want to ask them things like what is the onboarding and training process going to be like if I get hired. And if it's a good organized company with a good work culture, they should have answers to all of these questions. But this one does involve you doing your homework. So for instance, I can only give you examples as a pharmacist. And if you're not a pharmacist, you're not going to understand what this is. But I like to ask people about provider status. This is basically where pharmacists have more opportunity to do other things outside of dispensing medications, things like prescribing really basic medications, giving people consultation sessions, looking over a person's profile and optimizing which medications they're taking. And I like to ask them what the company's doing or what the company's planning on doing in order to facilitate provider status. Now this is something that you're really not going to know anything about unless you're in pharmacy. So this one goes into easy tier. Check out this video right here. If you want to know the highest paying entry level jobs, gently tap that like button, hit the subscribe button and ring the notification bell and comment down below. Any thoughts, comments, etc. that you have on the video and I will see you next time.


I think teachers are probably the most underrated VVIPs in the world. That's very, very important personalities in the world. Probably the most underpaid too and the most underappreciated. But the truth is that teachers are just incredible moulders of the lives of those that they come across, especially young people. In preschool, to primary school, to secondary school, teachers at those levels are particularly important in the lives of the young men and women who they teach and who they mentor. I, for one, am really the product of several teachers.  And then in secondary school, I had a teacher in Form 1 who, that's the JSS1 in today's terminology, who was Mrs. Elushadi. She was just an extremely, she was just incredible and really what I recall that she did that was so inspirational for me. She read, I was just barely two weeks in class at the time. She read this particular essay that I'd written. After declaring one particular essay the best, she then said, there's a particular essay that I read which I've never seen anything as imaginative as that essay. It turned out it was my essay. It was so inspirational for me and it gave me so much confidence going into later years about my abilities, my writing abilities and all that and it just stayed with me forever. Then in later years, I had Mrs. Odusi who was my economics teacher. She was just outstanding. I mean economics wasn't a subject that we liked very much but Mrs. Odusi coming into it, especially in our A-level class in the lower sixth and upper sixth, she just turned it around for us and the great grades that we had was just an account of her passion and her style and then her general empathy about what it required to teach. I kept thinking about teaching and it was just something that for me I thought I might end up being a teacher but when I got to university and I had the great privilege of being taught by the teacher that really inspired me then was Professor Odusi. He taught me and I think it was the second and third years international law. I attended his international law class although I didn't offer it and then jurisprudence and he was just outstanding just in the way that he presented his facts and all that. I think he was the one person who by just the way he taught and just by the way he carried on I was convinced that I'd want to be a teacher, I'd want to be a lecturer. I started teaching in the university in 1981. I taught for several years, just under 40 years. On this very special day, the world teacher's day I'd like to wish all teachers in this nation wherever you may be whether you're in a village or in a city or in a town wherever you may be, I'd like to wish you Happy Teacher's Day.  We sincerely appreciate all the sacrifices that you make every single day. We regard you as major pillars of our society. Happy Teacher's Day. God bless you.


It has been an insane 24 hours for Ethereum not only is it up 11.5% in the last 24 hours but guys it's up 30% in the last seven days Ethereum crushed through that $3,000 mark but it didn't stop there. Ethereum has also blasted through both $3,100 and $3,200 without skipping a beat. Currently as of this moment we're dancing with $3,300 and trying to set yet another new all-time high in Ethereum. Oh yeah and Bitcoin's kind of been sleeping a little bit. So where will we go from here?  Hey what's up Jay here and welcome to Bitcoin Daily bringing you guys the best tips, tutorials, and ideas to help you guys become profitable and successful investors. The goal of this channel is to empower you guys with the knowledge and resources to take you up to that next level. So guys make sure to smash that like button and if you're new here don't forget to hit the subscribe button and turn on that notification bell. If you have notification bell turned on let me know in the comments that you're part of the naughty gang. Let's jump into today's video. Alright guys so it was a bit of a choppy weekend but the trade setups that we gave you on Friday's video came through guys and we bagged some profits. Let's go over those trade setups. So the first trade setup that we gave you on Friday's video was the $57,000 entry point right. So we were looking for a break above $57,000 to enter the trade. So as you guys can see here this was a point here and like we said in Friday's video there's going to be a lot of consolidation in that area just like there was but once we got the clean break boom it shot all the way up to about $59,000 guys. If you guys use that entry like we told you to and use 10x leverage you would have done around 35% profits guys. Look at this huge candle right here this was a 2% candle it was a $1385 move and that was followed by another 1.5% candle. In Ethereum on Friday guys when we made this video guys we were at 20 we're below 2,800 we're around right here this is where we made the video on Friday the 30th this is the 30th right here guys we went and it feels like it was so long ago now right Friday was just two days ago it feels like it was so long ago guys we shot up when we broke through this 2,800 level remember we told you 2,800 was the level we wanted for that breakout guys we broke not only through there but we went up all the way and broke through $3,000 that was one of the main price targets that I had for Ethereum guys we have officially broken through that price target and not only through 3,000 we broke we went all the way up to $3,300 which is currently where we're at right now guys so if you guys entered the trade way down here at $2,800 and use 5x leverage like we did you would have done around 90% profit on that trade guys so if you guys took any of those trades congrats guys and if you missed out on those trades stay tuned to the end of this video we're going to give you guys new trade setups for the rest of the week for those asking where we trade with leverage guys if you've never traded with leverage first you need to understand what leverage is and how to trade with it so we have a video for you guys right here as you guys can see explained how to trade bitcoin with leverage we recommend you guys starting off with that video after that I recommend you guys going over to this one right here this is a bybit tutorial bybit is the platform where we trade with leverage so I recommend you guys to go over this video we show you guys exactly how to use the platform from zero to hero so if you guys want to trade on bybit just go down below to that description scroll down a little bit and hit where it says trade on bybit with leverage they're currently giving away a thousand dollars in deposit bonuses plus you can earn up to 600 more dollars in free cash using bybit so that's a possibility of over $1600 for free in bonuses all right guys so let's jump into the bitcoin analysis as you guys can see here currently we had a bull flag formed and then we had that breakout out of there and then over the weekend we had the same thing we had this big move up on friday then we had all this uh consolidation here which was basically a replica of exactly what we saw here right so we had the same exact pattern and then boom we had the breakout all the way up to 59 thousand dollars now you do see some weirdness here as you guys can see there's a huge long wick all the way down below 55k now this the price didn't actually go here this was someone either fat thumbed it which or fat fingered it it's called one of those things where basically they made a mistake and they sold for way lower than what the price was or someone is purposely trying to cause some sort of cascade of liquidations here and they were trying to get in cheaper and it must have worked because the price did go all the way down there so i'm not sure exactly how that works but i know that the price was down there for me for less than a minute literally it just it had that cell there was a cascade of liquidations probably but luckily it wasn't too many and the price just propped right back up and we're currently right back above that 58 thousand dollar area and this wasn't the only one there was another one that went down to about 56 thousand or so around the same time period which was very very weird as well so we will keep an eye on this and monitor this situation hopefully there's no more of those in order to prevent any type of stop losses when there's events like this instead of using a last price as what triggers your order make sure to use something something else you can use like market or one of the other options that they have depends on what exchange or trading on so this one was specifically on buy bit so if i go here to for example bitmex that you see there's no width there so that only happened on the buy bit exchange now as far as how the price is looking guys i'm still very bullish this week on bitcoin i told you guys after the options expiration date i was bullish and i was expecting us to test that 60 k rage again and to possibly set new highs this month in may you guys can see here that we did get rejected at that 59 k level but i am expecting us to go back up there and not only break it but then go and test that 60 k range as well that is what i'm going to be expecting over the next a few days possibly even the next few hours now remember that at 60 k there was a lot of resistance before you guys can see over here over here and even here it was a support so we have to watch that area as we've been rejected a bunch of times there so there could possibly be another rejection there that set that sends the price back down to around the 59 to 58 thousand dollar area but once we break above that 60 k level we should really the only resistance left should be possibly 62 thousand as you guys can see here which was a previous all-time high and after that we should be free all the way up to 65 thousand there should be nothing else after 62 thousand as a hard resistance that next one should be that 65 k range if we break 65 we could potentially see the 70 thousand dollar mark for the first time ever for bitcoin now in the event that we do see any type of pullbacks here we should be looking at that 56 thousand dollar range as a support here as you guys can see it was a really stable support there so i don't mind looking for an entry at that range also around that 55 to 54 k range is going to be the very next support if this one were to not hold for any reason as there was also a lot of activity in this range so i'm expecting one of those two levels to be able to hold the price up in the event where there's a scenario where we go down for some reason now of course we could definitely post another bull flag kind of like this one so we could possibly form something like this where it's a channel like that but it's kind of a weird bull flag because look how short it is i don't know we might we're currently we're in that channel so i'm looking for a break to the to the upside here where we can test that 60 k range so we'll be monitoring that as well throughout the week in ethereum guys you guys can see this clear clear clear this is a daily chart guys look how many green candles in a row one two three four five six seven eight nine nine green days in a row and just to keep it going today it printed a 11 move up guys in ethereum so we're currently at 32 88 and we're dancing right there with 3300 like we said earlier currently on the week we're up about 20 percent on the month we're up about 53 percent and then the last three months guys were over 100 and profit in ethereum now a break above 3300 should lead ethereum i would imagine up to 3500 why would it stop at 34 for right like there's nothing for it there minus well just go a little bit more up to 3500 and we're right there at the halfway point between 35 and 4k now thanks to note here we are overbought okay guys so make sure to note that we're overbought right now on the daily time frame you can see here last time we were overbought that's when we had that pullback before that if we scroll a little bit further we were overbought over here let's see what happened when we were there so we're over about for a while there before a pullback eventually came you can see that the levels there it was about around that 90 range 88 89 currently we're sitting at about 80 i would say so i mean we could possibly continue to go upwards but remember guys that prices don't only go up i know it might seem like it when you've had however many days in a row i think it was 10 days in a row that i that i counted but it might seem like prices only go up in ethereum but there are drawbacks and pullbacks here as you guys can see here 21 pullback here if we look at the daily we're also clearly in the overbought region and again if you look back last time we're overbought we had to pull back when we're overbought over here we consolidated mostly we didn't really pull back like we did here we mostly consolidated there until it kind of reset the rsi and we were able to continue up so i'm expecting some sort of consolidation or pullback it i don't expect anything major but something it has to it's not going to just keep going up so be prepared for that make sure that you're taking profits on any uh short-term trades we could see a possible pullback and and it tests retest you know 3200 3100 maybe even it could kind of consolidate its way back to uh 3000 before continuing um up but i mean before it does that we could possibly test that 3500 level so that's not out of the question we could definitely break out hit that that 35 range and then kind of consolidate its way back a bit before continuing on its way up so again i'm still very very bullish on ethereum i i definitely think that we might be able to see 10k by the end of this year remember there's an upgrade coming soon in the summer for ethereum which should also push continue to push the price up as ethereum is going to start burning uh coins once that upgrade happens all right you guys so next we're gonna jump into the trade setups that we're going to be watching for the rest of this week you guys don't want to miss this part guys we've been hitting on almost all of these every single week now in order for me to give you these trade setups guys you must like the video and be subscribed to the channel so go ahead i'm gonna give you guys a few seconds to make sure that you're liking this video and subscribing to the channel and as soon as you do both of those the trade setups will appear magically are you ready all righty guys we're gonna like the video at the same time on three are you ready one two three boom here are the trade setups for those who like the video for those who did not like the video at this point you're getting a different scenario a different video here where i'm going to show you fake trade setups so good luck with that all right guys so the first price that we're looking at here is pretty much right where we're at we're at that $58,000 mark now as you guys know there is consolidation here so you have to kind of be careful you kind of have to either have a wider stop or a tighter stop so that you minimize those losses and make sure that you're taking profits as soon as you're in profit right so uh 58,000 is going to be that first level where we're looking to enter trades and trying to catch it as it rides it back up to that $59,000 area and then above that of course we're looking at 60k 60k is going to be a main level if we break 60 we expect it to go up to 62 a break of 62 we're expecting 65 so those are the breakout trades that we're looking for as far as a pullback if we see any bounce entries is going to be towards this 57k area so 57k is going to be a good range to look for a bounce entry meaning that when it bounces back up that's when we're setting off that by order we're not setting it off when it drops down in ethereum as you guys can see right now we're setting new all-time highs so the entry i was going to give you guys was above 3300 because we're already above 3300 it can't be a breakout play anymore but what we can tell you it will be a bounce back bounce entry play so in the event that ethereum goes back down to 3300 we will be using that as a bounce entry in the event that it continues up as it is right now we're going to look for 3400 as that first entry and the second breakout entry is above 3500 so 3400 3500 two breakout entries there we expect a break of 3500 could potentially lead us up to that $4000 mark now in the scenario that we start consolidating downwards or setting up some sort of bull flag we will be looking for entries at 3200 and 3100 and of course $3,000 i don't see it going under $3,000 for any reason as at least not this week i don't see it doing that you know things cannot always change of course but those are the three pull back entries that we will be looking at 33 32 31 and 3000 we're interested in entering all of those as a bounce back entry all righty guys so we covered the trade recap from the weekend we did an analysis on both bitcoin any theorem and gave you guys some trade setups to make some profits this week so guys make sure to like the video if you haven't yet and if you're new here guys make sure to hit that subscribe button guys turn on the notification bell so you know every time we post up a new video thank you guys so much let's have an amazing profitable week i will see you guys on tomorrow's video as always peace and love


What is going on everybody? Welcome back to my channel. For those of you who are new around here, my name is Michael, aka Dr. Cellini, and I'm a fifth year interventional radiology resident physician. Now on today's video, we are going to be doing something a little different. I'm going to be trying my hand at some arts and crafts, and I'm going to try to make my own cloth mask. It probably won't be as good as this N95 mask, but it's not supposed to be. So let's go. Put this huge disclaimer on before I start this video. These cloth masks are not meant to prevent you from getting the COVID-19 infection. They are meant to act as a barrier when you are around other people. What I mean by that is that sometimes people can walk around with the COVID-19 virus and not know that they have the illness because they do not have symptoms. If everybody wears a mask, including the people who are asymptomatic, there's a thought behind this that you can decrease the transmission to the people around you. So it's not meant for your safety, it's kind of meant for everybody else's safety. I hope that kind of makes sense. So these cloth masks are not 100% safe, and they do not prevent you from catching the disease. They are only meant to act as a barrier for everybody else around you. And maybe if they decrease the transmission by 1%, at least it's doing something rather than just walking around without a mask. No mask is 100% effective at stopping this virus or can guarantee that you will not get infected with the virus if you wear it. Even these N95 masks, which I wear into patients' rooms or do procedures on patients who are COVID positive, they still aren't 100% effective, but they're darn close, and that's why I wear them. So now that we got that disclaimer out of the way, let's get to the video. So I actually browsed YouTube earlier this morning and found my favorite mask-making video, and it happened to be from this woman named Jan Howell. I will link this video below because it's an awesome video. She's clearly more skilled than I am, but let's see if we can make a mask as good as hers. DIY face mask. No sewing. All right, so you need a T-shirt to start this. I luckily have a million of these scrub tops that are not being used. This one's clean, I promise, but we're going to use this one. I don't have that. All right, so we're just going to cut two one-inch strips here. I think she cut off the bottom for some reason, so let me try to do that first. These scissors are terrible, so I tore a lot of this, but let's cut off the ends here. My scissors are terrible, so this is just the end piece that we're supposed to cut off, and I'm supposed to make two more one-inch strips off the bottom here. This is really hard to keep straight. All right, this will probably be so much easier with fabric scissors, and this scrub material is just not good. You can see how frayed it is, so I got it. I recently just cleaned out my entire closet and took all the T-shirts that I don't wear and took them to the donation center, so I don't really have any old T-shirts right now, so the old scrub shirt is going to have to do. Let's see what's next. It makes it so much easier with real. Okay, she clearly made that look a little too easy, so let's try. Let me cut this first. All right, so I think these are our two earhole loops, so let's put these off to the side. All right, now we have to measure, I think she said 17 inches, which is pretty wide. Oh, this way. 17 inches this way, so let me see if I can. When she said eight inches, it looked like it was way less than that. I weigh more than that, but I guess not, because technically eight inches is right here. Does that look like the same amount? I don't know, let's do it anyways. All right, so cut this part. I think it's supposed to make two masks, and you can actually make more. I would do it out of this little pocket. Maybe you can have a little pocket on the front of your mask. That would be so stupid, but anyways, so I guess I can discard this part now, and then she turned it flat. I have such rough edges here. Don't judge. She turned it flat. All right, so it's 17 inches, so mine's like way over here. So I guess I have a wider, I guess these strut tops are way wider. I'm not sure, let's see. So she said this is supposed to make two masks, but I actually prefer that it be kind of double-sided, right? Because I'd rather be thicker than thin, and this is pretty thin material to begin with. So this is probably, this is probably gonna work. Let me switch out my setup here. Her nice t-shirt is way better for this, because it actually stretches. These strut tops are pretty unforgiving. All right, so we measure four inches from the side here. Something like this. All right, so let me fold this over here.  Although my poor ear loop holes are not looking too good. All right, so this is the top right here, and I have a big head, so I don't know how the heck I'm gonna get this over my head. I know what I'm gonna do here. This is what I'm gonna do. So I'm going to fold down this top part right here. I'll put my straps back on. That way I'm not choking on the strings, and then she puts it on her head. How does she put it on her head? All right, so I folded this over. Hopefully this will work a little bit better.   You're gonna take this one, pull it. This one, pull. And basically keep adjusting until you, let me see here. Oh yeah, look at that. You keep adjusting until you have it wrapped underneath your chin, and then you can tie it into that. It's actually not that. I can actually breathe pretty good in this thing. So I think the sides have seen better days, and it may be a little rough around the edges, but it actually does a pretty good job. And I kind of like that I kind of double-sided it, or used two sheets or two pieces of fabric on this. And I hope you all can hear me right now, because my voice is super muffled, but it actually does a pretty good job. It's pretty good. I mean, it's free. You can order these online as well, I've noticed, but you can make your own in two seconds like I did, or maybe it took me like 10 minutes. But either way, I luckily have a few of these from many years ago. We did one every year when we do our N95 fit testing. So, but I will say if I'm just running to the store or something, this is perfect. All right, so let me untie this and finish the rest of the video. All right, everybody, so that concludes this video on how to make a homemade mask. Thanks again to Jan Howell, who started this whole video, and taught me how to make this to begin with. I will link her video down below. And hopefully, you all will make better masks than I do. As you can see, mine's seen better days already. As always, make sure you smash that like and subscribe button, and follow me on Instagram if you don't already. Turn on those post notifications so you are notified when I post a new video, which is usually about once or twice or three times every single week. If you have a question, leave it in the comments below. If I like it, I'll answer it. Otherwise, I'll see you all on the next video.


Hello and welcome to this session. Let us understand the following problem today. Evaluate the determinant 0, 1, 2, minus 1, 0, minus 3, minus 2, 3, 0. Let us write the solution. We have 0, 1, 2, minus 1, 0, minus 3, minus 2, 3, 0. Now let us solve this, which is equal to 0, minus 1 into minus 1 into 0, minus minus 2 into minus 3, plus 2 into minus 1 into 3, minus 0 into minus 2. It is equal to 0, minus 1 into 0, minus 6, plus 2 into minus 3, minus 0. Which is equal to minus 1 into minus 6, plus 2 into minus 3, which is equal to 6, minus 6. Which is equal to 0. Therefore the required answer is 0. I hope you understood the problem. Bye and have a nice day.