I was so nervous going up there, but now I'm feeling all the tears are about to come, but overall very very excited. I was scared that my hat was falling off, it nearly did, but I was feeling pretty great. I'm feeling plated, feeling happy, ready to move on. A little bit relieved that I didn't trip over, but pretty good, yeah. I'm feeling very buzzed, very excited. I'm waiting for it to hit me. Very, very excited. Super pumped. I'm dying to go and join my friends. Throw this one off in the air. The hard work, the late nights and the early mornings is all paid off. You've done a great job, something with you. You feel proud of yourself. It's an amazing feeling that I can finally start going ahead with these ambitions. And it feels very special. I've got a lot of friends graduating with me today, so now I have to literally go through the three years together. It's just the friends and it's like the many late nights that we spend together as well, just pouring, laughing, sometimes maybe crying over some of the work that we've been doing. It's been so good to have such close ties to people and hopefully they'll last throughout my career and past my career. Yeah, everyone's always just really friendly, really nice and really supportive. It's so terrific to be here. I'm very very excited. I'm really excited to be here today. It's so exciting to be here today. Great to be here. I'm really excited to be here today. So excited to be here. Today and I can't wait for what's next. Can't wait for what's next. Looking forward to the future. Looking forward to the next chapter of my life and what comes my way. We have the power now to sort of make real changes in the future and I am so very excited to jump on and make real changes.


Hello and welcome to this session and this is Professor Farhad in which we would look at this CPA exam simulation What is the strategy when you have a CPA exam simulation? The first thing you do is you would look at the simulation to figure out what type of a simulation is this and if I just browse the Simulation I will know that this is a document review. There are five types of simulation One of them is a document review. What does that mean? It means I'm gonna look at some at a document Usually a memo and email something like this. I may have to make some changes Based on the exhibits that's given great That's the first thing. The next thing is What is the topic? What is the topic that I'm dealing with here? Let's take a look at what we are giving here real quick investor relation for Grey stack corporation has prepared a draft Press release to report second quarter earnings for year nine So I'm looking at some sort of a of a financial statement report review the draft press release and make any changes necessary to ensure it's accurate and consistent with the With the exhibits that are given to us and that's it. I know. What is the topic is about? I'm looking at a financial statement report and I want to make sure that what's in this letter. What's in this press release is basically accurate Before we proceed any further. I have a public announcement about my company far hat lectures calm Farhat accounting lectures is a supplemental educational tool That's gonna help you with your CPA exam preparation as well as your accounting courses My CPA material is aligned with your CPA review course such as Becker, Roger, Wiley, Gleam, Miles My accounting courses are aligned with your accounting courses broken down by chapter and topics. My resources consist of Lectures multiple choice questions through false questions as well as exercises go ahead start your free trial today So let's go ahead and get started. Well, what am I giving? I'm giving I'm giving various exhibits Consolidated statement of operation, which is net income. I'm giving the balance sheet I'm giving the statement of cash flow and I'm giving the notes You can take a look at them if you want to now or if I was in your shoes You know what should be in the balance sheet, you know what should be an income statement You know what should be in the notes. What's the statement of cash flow? What I will do I will start to read the letter and based on the letter. I will try to predict Where can I find the information? New York, Newtown, New York August 2nd year 9 Grace Stack Corporation today reported financial results for its second quarter and 6 month ended June 30th year 9 amount are expressed in thousands. It's gonna call them thousands except except per share amount the first statement Revenues for the second quarter of year 9 decreased 1331 or 8.5 percent to 18254 this is the first statement and they're basically asking me keep it deleted or is it something different? Before I do anything, where do you think you should go whether you want to confirm whether you want to keep it deleted or change it? where Well, if you start in the consolidated cash flow, you are wrong consolidated balance sheet You are wrong revenue is part of the statement of operation, which is the income statement. Well, pull the income statement Let's go ahead and pull the income statement. So I'm gonna pull the income statement and I want to see my my my Numbers and basically inspect the numbers determine whether these numbers are correct or not and what I'm doing is I am comparing year 9 June 30th to year 8 June 30th And what am I what what am I told? I am told that the second that the second quarter year 9 was a decrease. Let's see if was a decrease or not. I went from 16 16,000 923 to 18,000 254. So definitely this option is out So it's it's not it's an increase. It's an increase. Now what you have to do I'm gonna go back here and say, okay, let me take a look at my options here So it's I have to the original one is incorrect. No something happened. I can remove decrease decrease It's it's a B and C. So notice if I want to turn this into a multiple choice There are only three possible correct answers. So revenues for the second quarter increased By this much by 1000. Notice. They're all giving you the same the same number 1331 so it did increase by 1331 it did increase by 1331 to Like this is as simple as this to 18,000 254 Just inspecting knowing where you can find this information. You don't have it You don't you don't even have to do any computation, but if you take the 1331 the change and divided by the base here 16,000 923 you will get 7.9. You don't have to do that because by process of elimination This is the answer. It was increased by 1331 or 7.9. Now with your CPA review course Give you a simulation like this Maybe yes, maybe no, but without even anyone preparing you. This is even easier than a multiple choice Just knowing where to look for revenues and this is basic information basic information Therefore the answer is right there revenue for the second quarter Increased and it's 7.9. I didn't even use a calculator Now let's take a look at this statement the increase in revenues for year to date year 9 compared to the same period was due to higher sales In the home theater category with the increase being partially offset by lower sales and the company's audio and theme category So we are told the increase in revenue For for year to date has to do with the home theater category with an increase partially offset by lower sales in the company Audio theme now it would be nice if they gave me a segmented financial statement if they can show me The home theater category versus the audio and theme category, but I don't see this I did not see this in the income statement. So what would I find this information? I'll have to go to the notes of the financial statements. So let's go to the notes of the financial statements and I should be able to see something about revenues or explanation of the increase in revenues Let's see note one is background and basis of presentation. I should ignore this for now. No, two is net income per share I'm not talking about this No, three shareholders equity. No note for inventory. I'm this is not inventory related note five account receivable account receivable is Technically sales because account receivable is the result of sales and note six is legal proceeding. My answer must be in note five Account receivable represent amount do from customers. Well, that we know this the company provide for any dissipated credit losses We're not dealing with credit losses. I would skip this one at the beginning of year nine the company discontinued its volume rebate described below Okay, so near by and something happened. They discontinued its volume rebate program during year nine the company launched a program that Offer extended payment term to long-term customers with high credit rating in history of timely payment The program has resulted in an increase of in sales over the prior period During the six-month period and the June 30th year nine the company provided major customer significant volume rebate These volume rebate were accounted for for an accrual For an accrual basis as a reduction in revenue in the period in which the related revenue was recognized So it has to do something with the rebate. So let's take a look and look at our at our options What are the options? To change this answer basically, let me close the notes. Let's go back and see Well, the options is it has nothing to do. I didn't say anything about the home theater category So that's not gonna keep in the original one. There was a reason for the increase Let's start from the bottom the increase in revenue compared to the same period was due to seasonal nature of the business We're not told anything about the seasonal nature of the business the increase in revenue to date year nine compared to the same year in Year eight was due to a significant customer going bankrupt. I didn't read anything about this It would have been like a note if that's a major event What's left is this one the increase in revenue for year to date year nine compared to the same period was due to the higher than normal Sales volume rebate offered during year eight. You remember they they discontinued that volume rebate So this led to the increase and that's the answer Let's take a look at this statement operating income for year nine to date was 3741 a decrease of 1045 or 27.9 from the operating income from the same period of year eight. So now they're saying The operating income decrease and this is the amount evaluate the statement. Where would you go? To look for operating income. Well, I would go to the income statement. Okay, so I'm gonna go to the income statement I'm gonna pull the income statement and look at operating income. So I'm gonna go to the income statement and look at Operating income and I'm comparing operating income Year to date six month year to date year nine To year eight. This is what I'm looking for. This is what I'm looking for. This is what I'm looking for Okay, so notice operating income from year eight to year nine Operating income went down operating income for the year to date six month went down from 4786 to 3471 now you want to compute the you want to compute the difference because you know, you don't know what the difference is and Let's see what the options are Here it says Let me see what the original statement a decrease of 1045 Okay, so if I take the difference of these two It is 1045 the difference between these two now what I would do is I will let me let me pull the calculator You want to get used to using the calculators? So get the calculator ready There means the ICPA calculators Let me just go ahead and Grabbing the calculator so you can see the computation here Okay now, so I'm looking at a 4,786 minus 3,741 and that's 1045 I'm gonna take the difference and divide the difference by the base here Which is four thousand seven hundred and eighty six four thousand seven hundred and eighty six and that's twenty one point eight three Twenty one point eight three which is twenty one point eight percent Okay, twenty one point eight. Let's go back To see if we have that that is an answer So it's not twenty seven point nine. It's a decrease of 1045 or twenty one point eight percent and that's the answer. Let's see if there's something else that I misread something It's a decrease. It's not an increase. It's a decrease. It's a decrease and it's by that much All we have to know is do you know how to compute the difference in percentage? No CPA review company. No one can help you if you don't know how to do this No one can help you. Therefore what you do is being calm You know this this this looks intimidating at the beginning, but now you're looking there's not much There's no meat to this simulation except it looks intimidating, but there's no meat to it really Let's look at this statement here the increase in selling general administrative expenses Was due to ongoing litigation with the former employee resulting in an increase of 600 illegal fees during year nine What we are told is are we gonna keep it deleted the increase was due to 511 unrealized loss The increase in SG&A expense was due to an increase in the provision for income the increase in SG&A expense So they all they all tell you it's an increase So you don't if you look at it's if you look it's an increase You don't even have to look it's an increase Okay, because they're all telling you it's an increase if one of them told you it was a decrease Then you have to look to see then you would look at the income statement to see whether it was an increase or a decrease So no, it's an increase now. We need an explanation for that increase The only place where you can find explanation about the figures are the notes of the financial statements I'm gonna pull the notes and I'm gonna go to the notes and I think I saw a legal proceeding at the end I'm gonna jump to that because I already saw this in April Year 8 the former employee sued the company alleging wrongful termination the former employee Seeking damages of $10,000 Discovery is ongoing related to this lawsuit the company has incurred legal costs of 800 And 200 during the six month June 30th year 9 and year 8. Well, this is the difference. So yeah, it looks like this This looks like this. This is why we have additional cost What does that mean? It means The increase is in Selling general administrative was due to an ongoing litigation with a former employee that increased it by 600 The original statement is correct. I don't have to do anything Let's take a look at the last one Because you can read the other ones if you choose to but the other ones are correct You're you're evaluating the last state of the statement that you need to change If the warrant's outstanding were exercise and fold diluted net income per share for year 9 To date with decrease to 0.0 0.0 6. Well, I know when I looked at the notes and there was something about earnings per share Okay, I'm gonna go back to net income per share or earnings per share Let me go go here and take a look at this Let me just increase the size And what they did here they computed. Let me just make this is more Readable, I guess Okay, a little bit more. Okay So I I'm giving net income for basic and diluted net income per share I'm giving the denominator Okay, so I'm giving all all what's needed the denominator for diluted So I'm giving everything that's needed and I'm giving the basic and the diluted And notice here in the denominator We are we are we are factoring The five thousand warrant. They are factored That looks like the the the statement that says Uh, they are not factored No, they are factored into the computation because they're saying if they were factored The the diluted will be point zero six. No point zero six. It's it's factored and it's point 11 That statement is incorrect. But let's see if we are. Yeah, that's the you don't need it because it's factored but let's see what What other options we have It's definitely wrong The warrant outstanding were exercised in full Uh, the basic net income per shift the date would increase to The warrant are factored if the warrant outstanding were exercised They are factored if the warrant exercised if the warrant outstanding were exercised. They were already factored so You need to delete the statement because when they when they Computed diluted earnings per share. They factored that So let's go ahead and recap what we just did one is what type of simulation document review No one can teach you this like if you don't know how to compute the differences from year to year Well, you'll be in trouble because no cpa review company will help you do this In other words, they cannot predict what's on the exam, but this is a released a icpa Simulation so you might see something like this the key is to stay calm say I know this Okay, and the more exhibits they give you in my opinion The easier as the is the is the simulation think about from the from the examiner I mean They want to keep it consistent and if they give you too many exhibits, they have to keep it consistent for themselves They have to keep it easy and notice what's good What's good about this is we answered five different question and each question is independent from the other So don't panic when you have a simulation Because sometime each question is independent from the other. So if you didn't get revenue, right You might get operating income, right? You might get the Selling general and administrative or you might get the diluted earnings per share Stay calm stay calm Have confidence in yourself have confidence in your ability go to far hat lectures. This is what I can help I can help you increase your understanding of the concept and really there's nothing I can do the only added value I did here is to kind of get you familiarize And more comfortable if you are giving something like this because document review is evaluating whether that statement is correct or not How do you do that? You have to look at the evidence now if you don't know for example That revenues if you go to the balance sheet or you go to the Notes and you know revenue should be on the income statement If they're asked if they're telling me about the change in revenue they're telling me about the change in operating cash flow Well, you go to the state. I don't even oh, I didn't even open this Consolidated statement. We didn't even open it. It was not even needed. No information was about it So if you wasted your time inspecting this Well, you wasted your time But this is an example where that's why I did not open them until I needed them when I open them I will scan them see what's in there. Then I will go back and focus on each one separately Good luck guys. Um, study hard. The CPA exam is worth it and stay safe


Hello guys, welcome to another vlog. If you're new here and you don't know me, my name is Sam. Oh, I'm just blowing my camera. This is something that's long, long overdue. I have been trying to get to this point and wanting to do this since 2014, over seven years now.  I just can't do this anymore. So I have been on birth control pills since I was 17 years old. I am now 29, so it's been 12 years. And I originally got on it just for pregnancy prevention. I didn't have any issues with my period.  I first got my period when I was 11 and always had a regular period. But I started becoming sexually active at 17.  And then when I was around 21, I decided I like went through a period in my life where I was like, you know, didn't want to eat any processed foods. I was trying to be more natural and I just wanted to detox my body and I wanted to stop taking the pill. Especially because it, I found that it was like making me sick sometimes. Like if I didn't take it consistently at the exact same time every day, it would make me nauseous and throw up. So I just stopped taking it. I like finished a pack and then didn't start a new one. And shortly after that, I started experiencing a lot of weird symptoms. The first thing that I noticed was I never got a period after that. And I was really nervous. I took many pregnancy tests because I was like, oh my god, what's going on? Because like I said, I had never missed a period before in my life. Never even had a late period. So I was like, what's happening? And then I started noticing that I was putting on weight pretty quickly. Even though nothing had changed in my diet, I was, you know, eating pretty clean. I was exercising regularly. Nothing had changed. There was no reason why I should have been putting on weight like that. And then my skin started breaking out. I was getting a lot of like cystic acne, especially around my jaw area, which was very weird because I had never experienced that before. I also was just noticing that I was feeling really sluggish and tired all the time. I felt like there was just like this constant haze around me. Like I was just in a fog. I was starting to experience depression. I also noticed that I was like experiencing joint pain. I had like extreme sensitivity to colds. I think those were like the main symptoms. And I just like, just something didn't feel right. I didn't feel like myself. I wasn't feeling good. And what's so crazy to me is I never made the connection. I never thought that it had something to do with the pill or me getting off of it. I just felt like, oh my god, what's going on? So I made an appointment to go to my gynecologist because I felt like something must have been up with like my thyroid or whatever. And I explained all the symptoms that I was experiencing and she was like, it sounds to me like you have something called polycystic ovarian syndrome. And I was like, what are all these words that you're saying to me? What is that? And she was like, and it sounds like, you know, your thyroid could be off because that could be contributing to the weight gain and stuff. So she ordered like a full blood panel for me. So I went, got my blood taken and then based on the blood test results and based on my hormone levels, she diagnosed me with PCOS, which is polycystic ovarian syndrome, which at the time I had never heard of this term before. At this point now, I feel like it's become so common and it's talked about everywhere. So I feel like most people, even if you don't really know what it is, you've at least heard of it before. And to be honest, I don't even 100% know what it is. I've done so much research and I've asked my doctor so many times and I feel like I never really get like a clear cut definition. And it seems like there's so many different types of it and so many different ways that people can be diagnosed, which is just weird to me. It just seems like it's something that's not that well understood and for something that's supposedly so common, they say that about 20% of women have it. It's weird, right? My doctor told me that it's something that you're born with and that most women don't experience symptoms of it until later on in life, usually in like their 20s. And there's different things that can kind of trigger the symptoms because it can kind of be like dormant in your body, I guess. And usually like once women have kids or get on birth control and then stop, that's when it can like trigger the symptoms.  What it means is that you have cysts on your ovaries that release hormones, that mess with the other hormones in your body. But basically what it comes down to is you have a hormonal imbalance and hormones are very powerful and they affect a lot of what goes on in your body. They control a lot of things. And normally when one hormone is out of whack, other ones are gonna be as well. So yeah, she diagnosed me with PCOS and then she also said that my thyroid levels, my thyroid hormone was a little bit low. So she said that I technically had hypothyroidism as well. So then she referred me to go see an endocrinologist and that doctor then sent me for more blood work and he told me that my thyroid levels, yes, they were slightly low but it wasn't like dangerously low or anything crazy, it was just a little bit off. So he said that I could start taking a thyroid medication which would help me with my symptoms, but it was optional for me. It wasn't necessary because again, like my levels were just barely off, it wasn't anything that was like concerning to him.  I was like so uneducated at the time and I didn't know what was going on and I had never heard other women talking about this before. So I felt very alone and I felt very like out of control with my body and I didn't like that feeling and I had no idea what was going on. I had no idea if these symptoms would ever go away on their own, you know, so I was like okay, if I can take a medication if that'll make me feel better, I'm gonna try that. So I got on level thyroxin, I believe it was called, but it was a very, very low dosage of it and he was just like yeah, so here's this pill that you have to take every day for the rest of your life if you know, if I wanted to. Again, the medication was optional for me and then my gynecologist told me that I should get back on birth control because the birth control pill was going to help with my PCOS and it was going to help with all the symptoms that I had and it was going to get my hormones back to where they needed to be, like get everything back under control and I was like great. You know, I wanted to get off of it in the first place and that's what started all of this and now I just, you're telling me I need to just go back on it. But again, at that point I just felt so defeated, I felt so terrible and I was like okay, whatever. If that's what you're telling me to do, that's what I'll do.  So I was like great. Every month I had to go and get blood work so that they could like monitor my levels, see where everything was at. Eventually over time I want to say it took a year or so. Everything finally was in the normal range and after a while my skin started to clear up. I started feeling a little bit better. Eventually slowly the weight started coming off a little bit and then at some point I had stopped taking the thyroid medication because again the doctor told me it was optional in the first place and so I was just like well this is where I'm at now, you know. I have to rely on the birth control because if I stop taking it, all of those bad symptoms I had before are gonna come back and this is just what I need to rely on now to keep my hormones okay. However, I knew that the birth control pill is a synthetic, it's synthetic hormones and it's just a band-aid on the issue. It's not actually healing my body. It's not doing my body any good. It's suppressing the symptoms which is making me feel better for the most part but I knew that I didn't want to have to rely on that forever. But then I changed careers and I moved and like a lot of different things were happening in my life and I kind of just put that off on the back burner and I told myself eventually one day I'm gonna get off these damn pills but for now I'm gonna stay on them because I just don't want to have to deal with all of those symptoms and stuff, you know. So that brings us to today. It is Sunday, July 25th. I've really just been getting to a point where I want to take better care of my mind, body, and soul and I just feel like I'm at a point now where I'm ready to just stop taking them. My therapist actually had recommended a podcast and through listening to this podcast, the podcast is the Betty Rocker show and in a lot of the episodes on the podcast she talks about hormonal health and she has a lot of interviews with different doctors that specialize in women's health and women's hormones. So through this podcast I discovered Dr. Sarah Gottfried and I also discovered Dr. Jolene Brighton and I have just been learning so much about how the female body works, how our hormones work, what the birth control pill is actually doing in our bodies, how it works and it's just been further confirming for me that I don't want to be on these pills anymore. And what's crazy is throughout everything that I've been reading and listening to recently, I'm kind of starting to question if I actually even have PCOS because there was never an ultrasound done or anything like that. The only thing that led to my diagnosis was the fact that my hormone levels were off and I feel like that's just also a symptom of getting off of the pill and the fact that I've always had regular periods before ever getting on the pill, I'm like I don't... I just... I don't know. There's some studies out there that talk about how the birth control pill has like less tumors on people's livers and just like a lot of stuff that I just doesn't sound good. It's not something I want to deal with. But also I've just found that I am always so low energy and I'm tired all the time. It doesn't matter how much sleep I get, how much I exercise, like I'm just always like... despite being a super anxious person, somehow I have this crazy anxiety but yet my mood and my energy level is always like low. And those are things that I'm working on through therapy but I really just feel like my hormones are affecting my mood and my energy and on top of that my body holds on to weight in those like hormonal spots like those hormone pockets if you will which is my lower stomach and my upper arms and even when I am at my fittest and I'm looking nice and toned everywhere else, those places on my body will not budge. No matter what I do, no matter what changes I make to my diet, it just will not go away from those spots. And this isn't like I'm not just doing this for weight loss you know or because of how I look but I'm like okay I'm hearing all of this information about what the pill does to your body and I'm relating to that. I'm seeing that happening to myself. When you're on birth control you're not getting a real period like yes I bleed every month but that's not an actual period. It's just like bleeding induced by the medication because I'm not ovulating so I'm not having a real period and my body is not producing hormones on its own and that just it isn't good. So I thought you know let me vlog this journey and my experiences. I am not an expert. I have no medical training. I'm you know I'm not a doctor obviously I'm just a normal person just trying to feel better and just learn about my body and I just want to share my experience for other women out there if you're going through something similar so that you can relate to this and also so that I don't feel as alone going through this because I know that once I stop taking the pill my hormones are going to be all over the place and those symptoms are probably going to come back. My mood's probably going to be all over the place so hopefully if I can vlog it I will feel like I have a support system that's there with me. So um Dr. Jolene Brighton who I mentioned before she has a book called Beyond The Pill and she has a whole website with a bunch of information so I've been referencing her website and I also downloaded she has a free pdf with um like a nutrition guide because that's the thing like there are certain supplements and foods that I can be eating that will help my body naturally balance my hormones so I'm going to do that so hopefully those symptoms that I had before won't hit me as hard and then I also had heard about the Elani knew what they have like these balance supplements that are supposed to be good for naturally balancing hormones so I placed in order for those so those should be arriving later this week and I'm hoping that all of that stuff will help me. I have one week left in my birth control pack I think I'm going to just finish the pack have my like medicine induced bleeding and then after that I will stop taking it and we'll see what happens. Hey guys so it is a week later exactly one week later since the last clip that you just saw and last night I took my last birth control pill ever I wanted to just finish the pack that I was already on because I'm not sure if it actually makes a difference or not but I figured I may as well just finish the pack go through like the usual cycle rather than just like stopping in the middle I should bleed because I know technically it's not a real period but you know I should get my period in the next few days normally I get it like on Wednesday or Thursday and I started taking these supplements from the brand Elani knew this is not sponsored I bought two bottles of this actually with my own money they were kind of expensive they were like $50 each I've been reading a lot of really good things about this online it has really great reviews and I actually saw that sml xo she's another youtuber she just recently did a video talking about how she's been off the pill for a year now and this is what she used to help balance her hormones and she said that it helped a lot and she noticed a big difference so I'll put a link in the description to these if you want to take a look at them and read like you know the ingredients and nutrition facts and everything but it says balance is strategically designed to support hormonal balance weight management complexion and fertility enjoy restorative sleep improve energy levels and more so I mean that sounds right up my alley and it sounds like exactly what I need so I'm hoping that between that and then I'm also following Dr. Jolene Brighton's post birth control plan as far as my nutrition goes and I'm also going to be exercising regularly just going on some walks and maybe doing some strength training and I'm going to keep you guys updated I'm thinking maybe once a month once every other month depending on how everything goes what symptoms I have I'm gonna update you guys let you know what's working for me what my symptoms are oh I also am planning on going and continuing to do facials once a month and hopefully that will help you know combat any hormonal breakouts that I might get I'm just gonna try to really like stay on top of everything I'm excited for this journey I'm excited to detox my body and hopefully just start feeling better more naturally and just get my body back to doing what it's supposed to naturally do but I am a little nervous because I don't know how my symptoms are going to be this time around and you know it's a little scary I feel like I finally got my skin recently at a point where it's looking really clear and really good and I'm you know I'm just nervous of course you know I don't want to feel bad but I also I'm not gonna lie like for vanity purposes like I'm a little nervous about like the actual physical changes that might happen too so I wanted to just show you guys a little um shot of what my body looks like too because since I mentioned how I feel like my body holds on to fat in like the hormonal pockets I wanted to just show you like exactly what everything is looking like right now this whole journey is not just about weight loss of course but weight and my body composition and where my body is holding on to fat is a symptom and a side effect and then that way maybe you know over time we can kind of compare and see if things are looking any different so you can see like the most fat on my body is really on my upper arms like my tricep area and then my lower stomach and then you can also see that my stomach is just really bloated pretty much all the time it doesn't matter how much or how little I eat it doesn't matter what kind of foods I eat it doesn't matter if I'm like using the bathroom regularly like it just pretty much always is bloated and like sticks out like that and it just feels very uncomfortable too so and I know that that is supposed to be a side effect of like being on the pill and just you know hormones and all that stuff so that's where we're at that is what I'm doing so that's going to be it for this first video I'm gonna have a whole playlist with all of these videos to make it a little easier to find if you want to like watch the entire series and follow along on this journey make sure that you're subscribed to my channel and comment down below and let me know are you on birth control have you gotten off of it are you planning on getting off of it what have your experiences been like what are your symptoms thank you guys so much for watching and I will see you in another few weeks and I'll let you know how it's all going wish me luck bye


Our last one is the myelin cephalon. And the myelin cephalon is the most primitive part of your brain. You often hear it referred to as like the reptilian brain. It's right here. The structure itself is called the medulla oblongata. And the medulla oblongata essentially keeps you alive. You can actually, you, probably not you, but critters have been known to lose all of their upper brain parts, maintain an intact medulla oblongata, and survive. And Mike the Headless Chicken is an example of that. His, the medulla oblongata is breathing, it's heart rate, it keeps you alive. It's found inferior to the pawns. So here's my medulla oblongata. It literally looks like a little bit of a swelling of your spinal cord, and that's what it is. The medulla oblongata connects to the spinal cord and continues on and is spinal cord after that. That's it. Here it is. Lots of cranial nerves come out of the medulla oblongata, and that's, I believe, our next topic. And so we will look at those next. Okay, so you have all your brain parts, and now we're going to look at one last piece.


Sometimes we're exposed to information that can be harmful or even deadly if it falls into the wrong hands. Operational security, or OPSEC, protects information sensitive to the mission and movement of forces. The reason to practice good operational security is to protect the service member and the mission that's going on. OPSEC to me is keeping the mission safe, keeping every piece of information about the operation safe. Experts say to be aware of your surroundings. Watch what you say in public areas. Most OPSEC violations happen on social media, but prevention is easy. One of the best things to do is first off to turn off any geolocating pieces of your social media site. Whether it's online or in the real world, bring up all suspicious activity to your chain of command. It pertains to DOD civilians, service members, contractors, and family members across the board. It's everybody's responsibility to practice OPSEC, so make sure that you're practicing it correctly.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's CaseBreaks.com coming at you with the quick little blaster box break that unlocks a one box break of definitive baseball that's coming up in the next video. We're giving away a bunch of teams here. First the break, big thanks to this group for making it happen and thanks to the teams right there. All the baseball teams are in. Let's do the break first, roll it, randomize it, six into six, twelve times for names and teams, then six into six for the teams, and twelve for the final time. Alright there's the first half of the list right there, second half right there, no trade windows, just print and rip. Excuse me. Alright, there is the final print out, hot off the presses here on Tuesday. Let's see what we've got in here, and that definitive break coming up in the next video. We're looking for that. Alright, let's see what we've got. Good luck. No paper ships. These little filler breaks. That camcaller will go to Frank and the Reds. Another camcaller, another big up and coming prospect for the Red Legs. They've developed a nice little farm system here. Go Anjelaponte to 99. That'll be for Toronto, it'll be for Jose. These two guys, let's save these papers right here. Rookie paper at the Rushman, my dodge is playing the Orioles right now. And Corbin Carroll, Michael has the Orioles, Adam with the Diamondbacks. Alright now, let's flip back over here. Let's gather everybody's names again, unless who's going to win those teams in definitive baseball. So it'll be the top ten. It'll be the top ten after seven. Six and a one, seven times. One, two, three, four, five, six, and a one. Seventh and final time. Now from eleven on down. Sorry Jose, sad times. It's only the top ten that could get into the next break. But appreciate one through, eleven through thirty, appreciate everybody trying. Top ten though, happy times for you. Frank is happy. So is Michael, Michael, Nathan G., Frank again, Nathan Y., Tristan, Adam, Eugene, and Tristan. Congrats to the top ten after seven. You're in the next break. And we'll put little roof talks next to your name so you know you won that spot. Or actually this is a, we'll put Blast 31, so you know it's from this blaster box. So Tristan with the Angels, Eugene with Seattle, Adam with my Dodgers, Tristan with the Phillies, Nathan with the, Nathan Y. with the Nationals. Frank with the St. Louis Cardinals, Nathan G. with the White Sox. Michael with Baltimore and Chicago Cubs. And Frank with the Tigers. There you go. We'll see you in the next video for the break.


Hello everyone, Dylan Schumacher, Citadel Defense, and today we are going to install this Huxworks OSS, I think they changed the name from OSS to Huxworks, flash hider on a rifle. Now before we get to the installation real quick, I have noticed that on videos like these, people always want to get really pedantic about the exact torque spec and the exact angles and doing it proper and this way and the other thing. In general, let me just tell you if it seats, it yeets. And what I mean is, we're gonna put it on the best we can to the directions that we are able with the tools we have and it'll be fine. Everyone wants to get real bent out of shape about little esoteric knowledge about little mechanical things that in general, honestly, don't make that big of a difference when you're actually using and shooting the rifle. So with that as our preamble, here we go. Now you're gonna wanna be sure to clamp your rifle down here to something that's stable. In this case, I'm just using some kind of makeshift table. Also, of course, make sure the gun's unloaded because that's important. For this particular install, it does come with this little installation card. Now I'm not sure if you're gonna be able to read that or not, but basically this card says, thread it onto the barrel using adjustable wrench, index the flats in the muzzle, torque to approximately 30 foot pounds or 20 degree turn after hand tight. You don't need to use any shims. I do have a torque wrench, however, I do not have one large enough to fit this. This is about an inch and a quarter and I don't have a socket deep enough or large enough to actually fit this. So again, we're just gonna kind of go best we can, 20 degrees past hand tight. So the first thing you have to do is uninstall the A2. So that's pretty simple.  You're gonna remove the actual A2 flash hider, which is a great flash hider by the way, and the crush washer. You're not gonna need the crush washer for this installation. Set those aside, save those because you might wanna put those on some other rifle later. At this point, if you need to do any cleaning, you can go ahead and clean this off with like alcohol swabs or whatever. I can't tell if you can tell from there, however, this is pretty clean as it stands. So we're just gonna put some rock set on there. A big fan of rock set for any kind of device mounted with suppressor. Otherwise, I've twisted off several when I haven't used rock set. So we're gonna put some rock set on here. If you have a Q-tip or something to spread it around, so much the better. I just gobs some on there, spread it around with a napkin or something and then go ahead and twist it on. Okay, after I have a good amount of rock set on there, I'm gonna twist this on to hand tight. Okay, that's hand tight. And now I will adjust my wrench to about an inch and a quarter is about how big this thing is. Okay, and now I'm gonna try to go about 20 degrees past where I got it. That was roughly 20 degrees. And that's it. You're done. Let the rock set set for 24 hours before you go doing the pew-pews. But other than that, it should work just fine. Hope that's helpful. Sorry for all the armorer boys that I just made mad. Do brave deeds and endure.


Hi, so I'm gonna be sort of in the business of a history lesson And I hope you'll all interact with me as we do this ready when you are so I'm here to talk about the real Sustainability issue in inner source which is not the fact that some companies freeload or freeride and don't pay their dues That's not really a problem. The problem is not knowing how to make the right choices for the future of the movement And so I'm interested in talking about those choices through the lens of history So first of all we won yay us everybody can clap now You might be getting tired of hearing that we won But as somebody who spent the last 20 years talking and at the beginning it was a bit of an echo chamber It's pretty amazing to me so and that means that we have a whole new influx of Recruits people are flooding into the open-source world and they have great Intentions and they're they're excited and they have all the energy that I had 20 years ago And and it's really super good that they're here. However They don't really understand or don't seem to understand this standing on the shoulders of Giants concept There's a lot of I'm in reinventing or I'm taking ownership and I get that impulse But I think this was an important thing so now a Quiz who knows who this is? anybody That is Bill Joy Arguably the first open-source developer He created the BSD project because he thought that he could port Unix to work on a PDP when he was at Cal this one Good job, that's Richard Stallman and you all guys you guys all know what he did Even though we're talking about open-source today It wouldn't exist without the free software movement and without his vision to do that He's kind of our Moses in a way this guy Larry wall Larry wall wrote Pearl Pearl is why Tim O'Reilly got interested in open-source Pearl was the first really diverse open-source community because he wanted to see women take an equal role the first president of his foundation was a woman How about this one? Anybody That is Ian Murdock. He started Debian. Unfortunately. We lost him a couple of years ago now almost two years ago now Brilliant brilliant guy the open doc Open document. I'm sorry the thing that the OSI uses to say whether or not a license is open was sort of his All right, um Brian Bellendorf. You guys know Brian Started a patchy. He was a kid. He was like, why can't we all play together here? How about this one? Anybody that is Mitchell Baker. She was fired from her job by AOL for vetting Changes through the community process. They thought she was the problem She went home dusted herself off and continued to run her project from her house and all of the engineers continued to defer to her Okay, how about this one and why is Tim in here? He made money. We don't like him, right? No For many years Tim hosted meetings and get-togethers and helped us work through our early problems So this is my version of the timeline if you guys saw the keynotes yesterday This is not my resume. This is open-sources resume up to 2000 and if you guys have been down to the OSI booth you have an opportunity to put yourself on this timeline Wherever it is you come in and of course, it's a longer one than when they have one more hero anybody know this guy This is Josh Berkus. He's just a regular guy. He's very involved in Postgres But he's not a luminary like some of the other people But what he is is really brave and what he did is write this post while he was an employee of Sun Microsystems Why was this brave because this was telling Sun they were screwing up You don't have to write any of this down Just look for Josh Berkus destroy and you'll find that blog That's bravery now. We're gonna switch and talk about companies Companies optimized for profit most companies optimized for profit unless it's a b-corp that is optimizing for for Benefit and that's important to you because it helps you understand why they like to massage the message so much Okay, they really really like to massage the message They like to say things that aren't necessarily true One of your jobs as an employee of that company is to call that out It's scary, but it's worth doing even some of our best friends need to hear that from time to time I like Red Hat as a company and I'm really glad that they support this conference But they had to be reminded by the reverse engineering of Their operating system when they stopped posting code changes, right? Personally, I think that open source is already a masterpiece and does not need editing And so coming up with new licenses that force people to pay if they use the code all of that stuff I know for my 20 years that that is wrong I know that open source developers are superheroes and have the power to keep this thing going But the new kids need to know a little bit more and that's why we're doing the open sources three book Which is stories from the trenches of open source that we forgot to write down while we were living them So if you have a good story that you think should be in there by the way This is the gratuitous. You know my boss sent me here kind of thing, but I'm gonna keep talking about the other side Please come to us and tell us that story or write it down at open source calm and we'll find it But we're actively editing stories from now until May into a book that is advice for the trenches. Okay? Thank you very much


Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is my very great pleasure to welcome you here today on 17th May. This day we celebrate World Telecommunication and Information Society Day, and we truly have a very exciting program for you. Before we kick off our program, we have a few words from the United Nations Secretary-General, Mr. Antonio Guterres, video message. World Telecommunication and Information Society Day, which also marks the birth of the International Telecommunication Union. I commend the ITU for the critical role it plays in erring the digital divide and connecting people wherever they are, whatever that means. As we look to an increasingly digital future, I welcome your focus on exploring how artificial intelligence can accelerate progress towards the sustainable development goals. I also commend you for inviting pioneered astronauts to share their experiences about tackling new frontiers. They are an inspiration to our efforts to expand opportunities for women and girls in technology. Emerging technologies have the potential to empower people and transform how we transmit knowledge, increase agricultural yields, harvest sustainable and renewable energy, treat diseases and so much more. Let us keep working together to ensure these technologies serve the global good of all humanity. Thank you. And thank you to Mr. Guterres. It's now my great pleasure to introduce the Secretary-General of ITU, Mr. Julien Jau, to tell you all about World Telecommunication and Information Society Day. Mr. Jau. I think that we still have some seats on the front row, you know, the people in the back can come to the front row here. Excellencies, dear colleagues, today is a very special day for ITU and all our members around the world. Today we celebrate World Telecommunication and Information Society Day 2018. And our theme this year is enabling the positive use of artificial intelligence for all. ITU was born on 17th of May, 1865. ITU has been at the center of advances in communications for over 150 years. These technologies ranging from the telegraph, telephone, the radio, broadcasting, the television and the satellites to the internet, mobiles, 4G, 5G, cloud computing, the internet of things, deep space communications and artificial intelligence. Every year, since 1969, ITU members and partners have organized events across the world on 17th of May to recognize and promote the positive role that information and communication technologies can play in our societies and economies. At this ceremony today, we have three special sessions. We will pay tribute to someone who has contributed to the work of ITU over 50 years. And we will celebrate the very first issue of the new ITU journal, ICT Discoveries. And first, we will have a very special program to promote the women in ICT, AI and space activities. We will have a chance to meet and hear from two female astronauts and one female space explorer. ITU and space have a long and rich history. We develop global regulations and standards for radio systems of key importance for Earth observation, climate monitoring and space missions. We started to allocate radio frequencies for space communications in 1963, just six years after the inaugural flight of the SPANIC, without a dedicated spectrum for space missions. How would we communicate with astronauts, with the spacecrafts? How would we conduct scientific research? And if we want to see the spacecraft, if we want to talk to them. If we want to receive the result of the science programs, we needed to make sure that the spectrum will guarantee all these communication channels. ITU has contributed to the success of the space missions, including those conducted by our special guests here with us today. And we are now on the path to open up new opportunities for space activities during our World Radio Communication Conference next year. In China, there is a saying, women hold up half of the sky, for the landing by maintain. Valentina Tarekhova, the first woman to fly in the space 55 years ago, once said that a bird cannot fly with one wing only. Human space flight cannot develop any further without the active participation of women. We are pleased to see many women participate in the space missions. Today, we are joined by three extraordinary women, Ms. Liu Yang, the first Chinese woman in the space. Ms. Samantha Christopherity broke the record for the longest space missions ever completed by a woman. She had stayed in the sky. She had stayed in the sky for more than a half year. And our moderator, Anoshi Ansari, is the first female private space explorer. I also want to pay special tribute to another female astronaut, Yalina Konokuba, who was the very first woman to enter the cosmonaut program with the male classmates in Russia. Actually, she traveled to Switzerland yesterday, but unfortunately today for some special reasons, she could not join us. We also thank her for her enthusiastic agreement to join us today, but for very special reasons, and unfortunately at the last minute, she could not come to this stage. This woman shows us that math, science, engineering, and technology can make you rich for the stars. But that's not all. And we reflect on this potential of artificial intelligence to accelerate the United Nations sustainable development goals. Our specialists can shed new light on the meaning of artificial intelligence and take for good, and for everyone, in particular for women and girls. So please join me in welcoming three of our finest space explorers and tech advocates, Liu Yang, Samatha Christoforetti, and Anoshi Ansari. Hello everyone, thank you for joining us for this special session, and it's my privilege to have two wonderful colleagues here on stage that will share their experiences and stories with you. We're going to start with a quick presentation and I'll share a little bit of my story and how I became interested in space and my wonderful experience of flying to International Space Station, and then we'll hear from our colleagues here. So can I have the presentation? Great. So I was born a long, long time ago in a country far, far away in Iran. I grew up actually with this passion and vision of going to space. I fell in love with the stars at a very young age, and all I wanted to do is become an astronaut. I even drew this picture, showed it to everyone around the house, and I told them this is how I'm going to go to space, and of course, as you can imagine, a young girl in Iran, no space program, nobody believed me, but I like to show people that they're wrong about me all the time, so not only I had to go to space, I had to go in a rocket that resembled my drawing, so you can see that how I was able to predict the future. I believe in imagination. I think human beings have this amazing gift that is very unique to us, and that's our imagination, and that's what allows us to actually create things that do not exist, you know, create places, invent things, and it all starts with the spark of an idea we get, and it may be an inspiration we got by seeing something outside, or watching something on TV. I was a Trekkie. I loved science fiction books, and soon enough you see yourself in those positions, in those heroes in the book, and then you can make it come true. I came to US when I was 16 years old. I didn't speak English, didn't have any money, but I knew I wanted to become an astronaut, and I found out that it's not going to be possible for me. I wasn't even a US citizen, and so I took a different path, became an electrical engineer, became an entrepreneur, eventually many years later sold my company, and became involved with a project to make my vision happen, because when I looked around for the Starfleet Academy, there was no Starfleet Academy. A long time had gone since the first endeavors of Yuri Gagarin to space, but the space was not open to the public still. There was no Starship Enterprise to take me to galaxies far, far away. So I decided that I'm going to do something about it. So when we sold our company, I had the privilege of meeting an amazing individual called Peter Diamandis, who had this vision and a dream of a competition, a competition that would ignite, you know, innovation in space and open it up to everyone, democratize it. And that was the X-Prize Foundation, and I became a partner in this endeavor with him and became the title sponsor of the Ansari X-Prize. And that was the first X-Prize launched. It was a $10 million prize to open up space for everyone. And it was to reach the edge of space about 100 kilometers and do it twice within two weeks. There were 26 teams that competed for this $10 million prize, and over $100 million was spent to win this $10 million. So we figured that, you know, this is a fantastic idea, and it worked in space. It could work in other places. And not only it worked, but it worked in manners that we never imagined. And right at the time when the prize was won, Richard Branson stepped up and turned it into a business, Virgin Galactic was launched. And I believe maybe even this year, because they've done their successful test flights, we will have the first commercial passengers experiencing the flight to edge of space. Because of a lot of regulatory changes, policies that we change, and the awareness we created, a $100 billion industry was generated. You have companies like SpaceX or Blue Origin right now that are becoming partners with the government space agencies and really advancing innovation in space much faster than it has ever been seen before. We didn't stop at the Ansari X-Prize. We have another space-related prize that's ongoing, the Google Lunar X-Prize. Even though the Google sponsorship ended just a few months back, because there was so much excitement in the teams, we are continuing the Google Lunar X-Prize, and it will become just a Lunar X-Prize for us that would allow other sponsors to step in. But until then, it is actually ongoing, and the teams are continuing to build their rovers for a moon landing. And we're very excited about the technologies that were developed for this prize. And we are very, very proud to announce a very recent partnership with NASA, and NASA's Frontiers Development Lab in a collaboration in looking at prizes around space resources. And you can learn about this at the NASA Frontiers Development Lab website. This is okay. Good. I'll do a private session for you later. In Chinese. In Chinese. But, you know, we've been talking about AI and exponential technologies. We had our colleagues that talked on the trust in AI track. And a lot of these conversations around technology, sometimes outside of these walls, especially, creates fear. Because it's something we don't understand. And human beings' natural response to new things and things we don't understand, and we cannot predict is fear. But the reason we're here and we're having a session on AI for good is to actually overcome those fears and not allow fears to drive our decisions, but actually let hope drive our decisions. And that's why we want to use AI technology, use space technology, use everything at our disposal to create a beautiful future. And with everything at our fingertips, I think that's possible. And it's just we need to use our imagination. And that's why we are here today. And I'm especially here today because I want to see a lot more young girls entering the field of technology and STEM and become engineers, become astronauts, people like Haga, who's a Syrian refugee, who dreams of going to space. And I hope one day her dream will come true. So I'd like to share with you a video that takes you on a journey to space with me. And then I will pass the baton to my colleagues. It was something that I wanted to experience for myself. The mystery and the unknown out there always have been drawing me to space. The universe is calling me. So this is the winning of the XPRIZE flight. Sorry, the title sponsor of the Ansari XPRIZE. Congratulations on today's flight. I'm not afraid of risk. This is a risk worth taking. And having the view we saw today on the monitors of Spaceship One is just an experience that's out of this world. And I would do anything to give my life to experience it. So when you fly on the Soyuz, they make a seat liner that casts it to your body. So this is the Leonardo da Vinci of the Cosmonaut program casting this. This is the centrifuge training area. Zero G flight. I actually had family members who came and joined me on one flight. These are my crewmates when we were getting ready for a final exam. Mikhail Turin was the Russian Cosmonaut on this mission. And Michael Lopez Alegría was the NASA astronaut that accompanied me. This is the morning of the flight. So after going through the preparation, you board the bus and you actually go to the rocket and then ride a small elevator to the top to where the capsule is. We were just reminiscing about it, you know, coming down the elevator here. It was a very difficult experience for my family and all the astronauts' family to see their loved one go on these missions. But they're all very supportive in every aspect of the work. So on my mission, it took two days in the capsule to dock to the space station and this is the docking, actually. There were three crewmates waiting for us, making us feel at home. The first time I will see the Earth as a really beautiful glowing blue globe in the background of the universe. So one fun fact about being in space is that because you're floating around, there is no concept of the ceiling or a floor. So you see equipment all over and as you change your orientation, the floor becomes a ceiling and vice versa. This is my sleeping bag right here, right by the best view from the world. The views from space station is amazing. From up here, everything's really peaceful and you can't see the borders, you can't see different race, different religions. All you see is just one Earth, very peaceful and beautiful rotating and I think that's part of the reason I wish more and more people would be able to experience this firsthand because talking to the astronauts and cosmonauts, they have a different perspective on life and how important it is for us to do everything in our power to preserve the only home we have in the universe. So thank you very much. So we have Ms. Liu Yang who is the first Chinese female astronaut who flew to the Chinese space station and also she's a pilot, a major in Air Force and we're so lucky to have her here with us. Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. I'm Liu Yang, a tachanaut. It's my great honor to attend this conference and share my outer space experience. Six years ago, Xinzhou 9 spaceship which was developed by China was launched with three crewmates aboard including me. It's the first time that we performed manual rendezvous and docking. It's also the first time that we entered Tiangongman. Thus, we started a meaningful and memorable tour of space exploration. About 10 minutes after the lift off, the rocket sent us to the scheduled orbit. I'm sure I will never forget this long, long 10 minutes featured the expectations and excitement. Though I have been well prepared and imagined a thousand times the image of space, I was still greatly astonished. I can hardly describe its beauty because worth few to express how beautiful and miraculous it is. The borderless space tells me what broadness and infinity is, looking back on the Earth from 340 kilometers away. The planet, where humans and other creatures have lived for millions of years, looks so glamorous. I saw the oceans with deep shallow blue. I saw the clean contour of the land and the long coastline. This is our beloved homeland, Earth. She deserves our love, cherish and protection. Sure, the beauty of our planet is quite beyond words. These photos and videos were taken in space. It's funny to share that at my first sight of the Earth from space, I couldn't help shorting. Look, the Earth is round indeed. The unique microgravity environment not only challenges our space tolerance but also brings a unique experience in meantime. Without constraints on gravity, I felt like a free fish swimming in the ocean of space. Microgravity set all the things free. They seemed alive, floating and flying. In Chinese fairy tales, we have an omnipotent monkey king who can travel 108,000 miles with a single thumb thought. During my flight, I had a dream in which I transformed myself into the monkey king, flying in the clouds, turning a thumb thought freely. That was amazing. Human exploration of space has never stopped since 1961. However, we should note that space activities are still highly risky. Thanks to the rapid development of artificial intelligence, we can anticipate that AI astronauts could be very helpful in future human space flight missions. Anyway, human astronauts will never be replaced since they are still the essence of human space flight. We formally believe that the essence of human space explorations will be significantly improved with the assistance of AI astronauts. Space exploration will never stop since human spirits of exploration never come to an end. We are delighted to see more females join us and play a vital role in the exploration of the universe. We will always be expecting we step further into deeper space with astronauts and scientists from all over the world, men and women. It has been placed on the agenda in China to build a new space station around 2022. We have started the selection of new technology. We are looking forward to a closer cooperation with international experts in our space station. Welcome. Thank you. Thank you, Liu. Now I'd like to invite Ms. Christofretti to join us. She is the first female Italian astronaut who flew to the International Space Station as you heard with the 200-day record of being in space. Samantha. Thank you, Anusha. Mr. Secretary General, thank you very much for inviting me here today, ladies and gentlemen.  I know we do not have much time, so I will make use of my privilege of being the last speaker to be extremely brief because the two ladies who spoke before me have so eloquently already expressed many of the things that, of course, I have experienced and felt in my astronaut career as well. It's really funny. I don't know if I ever told Anusha this story, but several years ago I read her book. So Anusha is also an author. My dream of stars, I believe, is also the name of the memoir. And so she was telling her story briefly outlined today in more detail about her upbringing in Iran and on her life story, especially when it came to her childhood in Iran. All the time, you know, every page I was like, oh, my gosh, me too, me too. Same for me, it's me too. So it was so funny how, you know, I grew up in Italy and she grew up in Iran, but somehow our childhoods were so similar. It was an amazing experience. So yeah, I gave that away already. I'm a European Space Agency astronaut of Italian nationalities. So I was born, I went to school, grew up in Italy in this tiny little village with a beautiful, light sky with no light pollution, so the sky was a very powerful presence. Like Anusha grew up as a trackie, as a science fiction fan, very adventurous child and wanted to go to space. I have to say, in my case, I was never told I couldn't, to be honest, and I never had any doubt that I could. I mean, I knew that it was going to take a lot of luck because there's very few people becoming astronauts in Europe in a generation. In my generation, it was six all over Europe. So it takes a lot of very fortunate circumstances, but I think I'm one of those girls and young ladies who were actually never told that they couldn't do what they wanted. So I was pretty confident that if the circumstances allowed it, I would be able to do it. My path went also through engineering studies. I studied mechanical and then aerospace engineering at the University of Munich. So I chose from the very beginning to have quite an international education. During my university studies, I also spent time in France and Moscow. Of course, I knew that the Russian friends are a major partner in the International Space Station. So it wasn't by chance, of course, that I chose to go to Moscow to do my thesis. I spent a year there. Then I had a chance to come back to Italy and join the Air Force, and I became a combat pilot for the Italian Air Force. I was at the very beginning of my operational career when this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity came up to participate in the astronaut selection of the European Space Agency. So I became an astronaut in 2009, together with five other colleagues of diverse backgrounds. You don't have to be in the military. You don't have to be a pilot. Three of my colleagues are civilians, war and are civilians. A couple of them had no flying experience at all. One was a pure scientist, another was a pure engineer. So there were opportunities for very diverse backgrounds in the field. And then I started to training. I trained for several years around the world. I always had a suitcase packed. I spent a lot of time in airports because when you're assigned to a mission to the International Space Station, we call it like that for a reason. It's this amazing infrastructure in low-Earth orbit. It's as big as a football field, and it's basically this big laboratory where you can do research in microgravity, which is just a fancy word to say that you're weightless and things float. And that's very interested for a number of scientific research disciplines in physical sciences as well as in life sciences. And so it's called International because it's the product of a big partnership between a different space agency. Of course, NASA and Russia are the major partners. But we as Europeans have a major contribution, both to the European Space Agency and in some cases also through bilateral contributions of single countries, like my country, Italy is very, very active in that sense. And of course we have the Canadians and the Japanese. So when you're an astronaut in training, you're basically going to all those different places all the time. Like you might be three weeks in Houston and two weeks in Russia and one week in Japan, and you're bouncing around the continents for about two and a half years. And then finally, for me also that moment that Anusha showed in her beautiful video came about, which was the launch from the Cosmodrome of Bikonur in Kazakhstan to the International Space Station. It was up there quite a long time. Rotations are typically five and a half months. And then when we were getting close to our return, there was an accident of a progress resupply ship. So a little bit counterintuitive, you would imagine a cargo ship doesn't come, so you don't have supplies, so you have to come back earlier. In our case, because of the way things played out, we actually had to stay a month longer, which I thought was great. And so we ended up staying almost seven months on a space station. Doing a number of scientific investigations. There's typically on ISS about 200 scientific investigations in one, what we call, long duration mission. I supported spacewalks. I was at the controls of the robotic arm. It's physically what astronauts do in the ISS world. We're a little bit all jacks of all trade. We're only six up there. The Russian colleagues, three, take care mainly of the Russian operations on board and all the American Europeans, Japanese, Canadians, which are care of the rest of the station, and we kind of have to be able to do everything. That's why the training is so long. I look forward, of course, to go back to station eventually. Probably sometimes in early the next decade, it will be my turn again. We're planning to operate space station at least until 2024, maybe even further beyond that. But we're also looking into what we call beyond low earth orbit exploration missions. So that will be in a first step, building a habitat like a small space station in a very peculiar orbit around the moon, which will allow us to test our technologies and also operational concepts for missions which are not so close to home. Space station is only 400 kilometers, so it's very close. We have robust concepts there. We have robust technologies. But when you go further away, things become a little bit more complicated. And then habitat, the orbit of that habitat is chosen in a way that it provides a relatively easy access to the moon's surface so that would be the next step. And then eventually after that, but then it's a little bit more, quite a bit more long term, on to Mars. So artificial intelligence will be instrumental for all of that. Of course, AI is pervasive in everything we do in space nowadays, and I think many of the tracks that were presented today were proposing projects that rely heavily also on satellite data. So of course, ESA, European Space Agency, is very interested in leveraging the potential of AI to make that data more useful. We have a number of Earth observation platforms on orbit within the Copernicus program, and it's obviously of interest to have a system that in an intelligent way is able to fuse all that data and make it usable for different applications for European and world citizens. But at the same time, if I talk about things that are very close to my heart, which is of course human exploration of space, AI is going to be extremely important for that as well, because we all understand that a lot of the human mission, especially on the surface, the top moon surface, Mars surface, are going to be preceded by what we call robotic precursor missions. So autonomous robotics, autonomous navigation, even the ability of a moon surface rover to autonomously, intelligently pick a route, pick a sample which is interested from a geological scientific investigation point of view. All of that would be extremely instrumental in making space exploration effective and affordable. Sometimes people ask me, why haven't we done that before? We went to the moon 50 years ago. Why are we talking now about maybe getting back in the next decade? It's not really that much of a question of technologies, it's a question of the price tag and all the political implications that go with the expensive programs. So the more we can leverage technology and again, AI is going to be key in that to make those programs efficient and affordable, the more likely it is that that will actually happen. Thank you very much. Great. So I have a few questions that I'm going to get started on and then we'll invite the audience for a few questions as well. So let me start with you. Tell us a little bit about what inspired you to become an astronaut and what challenges you faced when you were on the space station, on your space station. I was born in Tai Yang. But later on, I found out that I was born in Hang Tianyuan. I think Hang Tianyuan is the person who was born in Tai Yang. I wanted to be born in Tai Yang so I chose to be an astronaut. In fact, it's because there are so many interesting things in the universe that I want to see and see what the universe in Hang Tianyuan is like. That's why this dream became a name for Hang Tianyuan. Thank you. Samantha, there are many people in this audience that I know of that want to become an astronaut and also outside these doors, many, many. And as you said, it's a difficult process. Can you tell us what would increase our chances or the especially young women out there that also want to join the astronaut program? What would increase their chances? There's no... I mean, at least I'm not aware of any special recommendations specifically for women. The path is really the same for everyone. Again, things change fast and we are in a very dynamic environment now when it comes to access to space, especially the Earth orbit. There's a lot of companies in the US that have mentioned some of them who hope to be able to offer in the near future at least suborbital flights, but actually some of them are also looking into commercially available orbital flights and potentially even building platforms in low Earth orbit which are sold on the market. I have no idea whether that makes sense from a business perspective. It's completely out of my field of expertise and probably Anushina knows more. That might come and so the opportunities to go to space will multiply. There will be many, many more and the type of professional profiles that are sought after might not even be the same. I think it's an exciting time where opportunities will multiply to go to space or at least there's a chance that that will happen. For talking, let's say the traditional astronaut hired by a space agency to be a professional astronaut for a certain number of years and have a career in that way. Typically, there's two fields where we recruit which are the STEM, let's say, science, engineering, technology, math also medicine background and the aviation background, so pilots. Or you can have a mix of the two. In my case, I studied engineering then went on to become a combat pilot but had quite a short career in that. If you go straight to become a pilot, then of course it's expected that you have a longer career in that, become a test pilot and can show a strong aviation background. Where some people have a pure engineering and science background. What I will say to the people who chose the latter, so maybe become scientists, really good scientists, really good engineers and have that dream of becoming astronauts, I would try to add to the curriculum, something which I would call operational. Something that shows the recruiters that you are comfortable also outside of your lab or outside of working in front of the computer because that's really important and I'll give you two examples. The two colleagues of mine selected in 2009 who were not pilots. One of them is a scientist and he had in his background, well, basically, you know, when a volcano explodes and people start running away from the volcano he starts running towards the volcano because he was a geophysicist and studied, so he had that in his background, he had a number of expeditions in Antarctica and on the basis of course are considered a classic analog of spaceflight. The other one, a pure engineer with a PhD in engineering but had spent a number of years on offshore oil platforms.  So if you don't want to go in aviation you're going to go in science and engineering find something like that to do that shows that you are capable of handling yourself in environments like that. Otherwise the recruiters will not be able to say whether you can be trusted in such an environment or not. Thank you, Samantha. So if your researcher out there just go find something really, really dangerous and adventurous to do. Liu, let me ask you when you went on your space trip, what did you find surprising, what was challenging for you? It was a very deep experience and it was very shocking. You would think that the Earth is a community of human beings. But when you look at the space, you can see that the astronauts are very, very relaxed. In fact, to be an astronaut to adapt to the environment of spaceflight, the challenge is very, very big. Everyone knows that when the astronauts enter the space, it is very easy for them to move. I think this is a challenge that the astronauts face when they enter the orbit. They need to overcome their own ways or use their own will to overcome them. Another challenge is that at the moment in spaceflight, all life and work are completely different. And in the small space environment, people's emotions and knowledge will also be affected. In about half a year, China will build its own space station. Just like now, in our space station, every time we stay, it takes half a year or longer. So, for astronauts in the future, this is also a big challenge. Of course, this was also a challenge when we flew. I think for me, the biggest challenge is the environment and the loneliness. For the future, I think for the future, this challenge may be bigger. But we have many training methods and I believe we will overcome this problem. Absolutely true. The loss of gravity is something that our bodies and our minds and everything has to get used to. It's fun and I was surprised how quickly you can switch and get acquainted with just living in space. Let me ask you, Samantha, another question. You talked about the importance of technology in the future of space exploration. Can you maybe use some examples or some of the things that you feel is most important in the future of space exploration in 10 years and beyond? Has ESA designed a new international space station for example and what's on that international space station? Of course, whenever we talk about human space flight, we always talk about program scene cooperation. It's very difficult for a single country except maybe China to afford a human space program on their own. In the last years, there's been a convergence among the traditional partners and also including new partners like China about thinking what should the next steps be? How are we going to approach exploration beyond low Earth orbit? There's been a convergence about building this habitat I discussed about. For a long time it was called Deep Space Gateway. They changed the name, it might change again, it doesn't matter. But there are very concrete studies now out there to define the architecture of the first modules of this habitat which will have sort of like a service module, they call it power and propulsion module and then probably an intermediate small module for edit capabilities and then a habitation module. So it will be very small, not like the previous one right now but it will be a start. And as I said, it will be on this very highly elliptical orbit around the moon but it's going to take about seven days to go around the moon and on one side it's going to come really close to the moon surface so a very perfect place to land. Technologies, I mean, well of course I can stop saying that I mean to me a sustainable space program comes really down to affordability and make it sustainable from an economic, from a budget point of view. So of course reducing the cost of access to orbit is extremely important. Reusability of rockets has become this new hype and just a few years ago people thought it was actually impossible and now of course history has shown that it is possible and I think a lot of computational techniques from the artificial intelligence toolkit have been instrumental in allowing this rocket stages to actually fly themselves back to the, or back to Earth or to the ocean and basically pinpoint the landing like that because of course they have to be able to react to unexpected atmospheric conditions and that you can only do with artificial intelligence techniques. Generally speaking when we talk about exploring and going further out, right, not space station. So on space station we talk almost like on a Skype call. It's very close so the delay is very small. We're talking about the surface of the moon of course it's already different, we're talking about more significant delays. If you're trying to control the real time a rover like navigating it around like on a video game from Earth it becomes complicated and the delay starts to become starts to have an impact. If you're talking about Mars then even more so, I mean that would be completely impossible. So autonomous navigation is going to be very important again, very much out of the AI toolkit. If we're talking about long missions you need to be able to have technology which is extremely robust. A lot more robust than we have on space station now. On space station now we have this space station. We're doing a lot of space so we have spare parts for everything, spare units. It's not going to work on a small habitat or on a small spacecraft to Mars so we have to find new solutions. New manufacturing solutions I mean there's a lot of one of the other things that there's a lot of hype about of course is additive manufacturing. The fact that you don't have to bring all of your spare parts you might be able to just send a file and print it on need so that you don't have to bring all the material once you're done using that and reuse it so that's one of the things that we look into. In CETO resource utilization you talk about surface missions on the moon or on Mars. One of the key questions is how much can we actually get from the land, living off the land. How much can we get from this regulate which seems like a simple scent but actually if you start looking into it it has in it a matter of technological development of surveying the sites of course of understanding exactly what's available and then of course of the extraction technologies. Then of course there is the big topic of autonomy I mean you need to be able to take much more autonomous decisions right now everything is you know space station is flown from the ground you know everything every decision that affects the spacecraft is taken on the ground by flight controllers astronauts will have to be a lot more autonomous for deep space missions so they will need to be able to leverage the intelligence of artificial intelligence systems to help them make decisions and of course to automate the decisions I mean the vehicle needs to be intelligent it needs to perceive whether I don't know we're going towards a failure whether something is progressing towards an off nominal situation and take automatic actions. Thank you. Excuse me. I want to add the space cooperation of our space mission in Taiwan in 2022 we are going to build a new space station but more like we have built a public platform in space we are very welcome to work with other space experts in other countries such as SEMASA they trained in China last year they are studying Chinese and we are also learning English using our open and cooperative attitude to welcome everyone to join our space station thank you I may sign up to go we actually trained not to but last year for the first time trained with tyconons in China German colleague of mine Matthias Maurer and myself trained in China and did sea survival training with I believe 12 or 15 I forgot Chinese tyconons so that was a very big step towards cooperation and who knows maybe when they flying on the Chinese space station I look forward to that and now we are promoting a new space station for other countries that's wonderful maybe one or two questions from the floor and if you don't have question I have one last question oh right there yes the lady in the back you have to turn on your mic I want to ask a question to Liu Yang Hello Liu Yang I know that you are the first female employee of China and you are also the first female employee of China maybe at the beginning of the world people and friends think that the world is dangerous maybe at the beginning you will be questioned but your story has inspired a lot of women to do things they don't dare to do but the world thinks it's impossible what do you suggest to these women to face these challenges don't be disturbed by the outside world you have to see your goals see your dreams as long as you are brave as long as you are brave as long as you are persistent as long as you are passionate you will be able to achieve your dreams and achieve your goals thank you any other questions yes thank you very interesting for all of us what I would like to ask is you have been very much excited to go there what was the excitement to go back what was the feeling when you have to go back I was very depressed and I didn't want to come back but I don't know about these ladies how did you feel coming back it was similar for me I've been up there for a long time but still it's hard to come back but to be very pragmatic it's also for very simple pragmatic reasons in the end you get used to life up there it's a beautiful life in a way a very simple life you are in a confined environment every day exactly what to do because somebody else is going to plan your schedule and you are perfectly trained to do everything that you are asked to do which in our normal life it's not like that life is predictable life is complex life entails a lot of interactions and you are never perfectly trained to do everything that you are asked to do in real life so if I have to be honest I think part of it was like leaving space and the beautiful view from the wind and part of it was just this I don't want to go back to this complex real life on the ground absolutely well thanks everyone we are out of time we have a big panel with all of you and thank you for joining us on this panel thank you ladies and gentlemen it is now my great pleasure to invite Mr. Julien Zau to present our extraordinary Space Travellers with the WTISD award Mr. Zau would you please present the WTISD award to Ms. Anousheh Ansari please present the award to Ms. Yu Yang and the final award to Ms. Samantha Christopheretti and if I can just ask the ladies to join Mr. Zau we do a nice group photo this award for World Telecommunication Information Society today is in recognition of the incredible dedication and outstanding contribution in the pursuit of space exploration and to the advancement of technology and the progress of humanity congratulations it is my pleasure to now invite a gentleman who has made an extraordinary contribution to the world of ITU and telecommunications without him according to Mr. Zau the sky would fall as the gentleman are obviously holding up the other half Dr. Marco Jagojic please join us on the podium I would like now to take a moment to recognize an exceptional individual and someone I'm very proud to call my friend Dr. Marco Jagojic Dr. Jagojic started the participation in ITU activities in 1968 as representative of the national telecommunication industry and academia in the former CCITT which now became our standardization sector from the start his work made a significant impact on the specific needs of developing countries this led him years later to become a founding member of the advisory board of the center for telecommunication development which marked the beginning of a new era ITU's development work and led to the creation of our telecommunication development sector ITUD ITU also allowed to the dedication and commitment of Dr. Marco Jagojic through his involvement with telecom over the last 30 years or his constructive role as a delegate at almost all ITU planning potential conferences since the knees in 1989 Dr. Marco you have been a valued and a trusted colleague from those first study groups on transmission system back in 1968 to the telecommunications advisory group where you still serve as a Slovenia representative you are an example for all of us you have left your mark on ITU's history ITU is grateful to you and through you to the many many experts all over the world who have strengthened the role of our organization in its more than 150 years history experts like Professor Mark Krivoshev of Russia who had contributed to ITU's standardization work on radio technologies in particular TV technologies since 1948 he is still with us and ITU was pleased to present Professor Mark Krivoshev our work two times in recent decade including the ITU 150th anniversary award and a friend Mr. Herb Boateng of the United States who has worked with ITU standardization work since 1976 ITU Secretary General also offered him a certificate in 2016 for his 40 years contributions and he is also still with us ITU highly appreciates the contributions made by all experts in the world and so today I am very pleased on behalf of the entire ITU family to present this medal for 50 years of continuous and fruitful services to one of ITU's most distinguished and respected figures please join me in giving Dr. Mark a big round of applause this is our golden medal we did not attribute this medal to many and I am very pleased to present this medal to Mako Ladies and gentlemen and dear colleagues I am really honored to accept this recognition for my long work with ITU which was a real not only pleasure but experience professional as well as personal I mean ITU is really an exceptional worldwide organization which should continue and not only continue but even maybe more influence the future development of not only telecommunications but everything related to the human society and world as a whole thank you Ladies and gentlemen for the final element of our celebration today I would like to invite Professor Song of the ITU Journal to join us on the podium Dear friends ITU has a new journal we call it ITU Journal ICT Discoveries because the entire history of ITU is marked by groundbreaking discoveries in communication technology and because we have helped bring the benefit of these discoveries to millions and millions of people across the world our first issue is dedicated to artificial intelligence a new technology that will help us tackle some of the world's biggest challenges and we investigated the technical but also social and ethical dimensions of advance in AI the second issue of the ITU Journal we are turning to data 2017 itself produced more data than the entire history of humanity this time we will be investigating the data dimensions of modern economies and where innovation can ensure that data proves a force for good I encourage you all to participate you have until 29 of June to submit your papers the ITU Journal strengthened the bounds of ITU with academia the very concept of this journal developed out of ITU academia consultations there is no doubt that the long term vision of academia will help policy makers and industry leaders prepare for the impact of major breakthroughs in research it has been a long time dream of mine to see this journal become a reality and so today I am very pleased to celebrate this first issue and would like to recognize some of the people behind it who are here with us today Chatham Lee director of ITU's standardizing bureau which has taken the lead on this project the ITU Journal's editor-in-chief Professor Song Jian of Tsinghua University of China an associate editor Dr. Rose Gasser of Harvard University and Stefan Ibraki the outreach chairman of the ITU Journal may we stand up and Professor Ose Gasser may we stand up please no no thank you to all editors and authors including Professor Thomas Weirkan and we also he is one of the receiver of five individuals ITU awarded at our celebration of 150th anniversary for his excellent work on the very famous video coding systems H.264 and nobody can deny that this coding system is a very powerful tool that nobody can use your mobile phone to look at video messages without this technology and he is one of the key experts behind that one thank you and also we have Dr Wajika Samek of course as well as the team ITU staff to support this journal please give them all a big round of applause with that it is my pleasure to turn the floor over to Professor Song Jian for some remarks thank you Mr. Zhao I realize I can deliver this speech in Chinese in a very short time but I can also do that in English without this but that could take much longer time since I realize I'm the only guy standing between you and your lovely lunch so I'm going to do that in the short time ITU secretary general Mr. Zhao ladies and gentlemen good afternoon as editor-in-chief as well as university professor it's my great honor and privilege to introduce the progress of academia journal of ITU called ICT Discoveries on behalf of the whole team we have some gentlemen over there and also a lot of editorial team members sitting around so basically I also would like to share the experience of this prime example of how ITU and academia are enhancing collaborations to our mutual benefit above all the research community works in service of the public interest and our main goal is to contribute to social good academic and research institute hope to publish their findings as widely as possible and we hope to ensure that our work supports social and economic development in a global basis we share these ideas with United Nations in this ITU journal we see a valuable new opportunity to serve the public interest and make our research known to the public and private sector decision makers worldwide the first issue of the ITU journal explored how artificial intelligence will influence the communication networks and services since there is a rapid developing area and we will surely revisit this area again in the not-distance future so please stay tuned as Miss Zhao mentioned the second issue of this journal will share a strong bind with the first one and will investigate the data dimensions of modern economies in particular on how data could act as a force for good and again the second issue is inviting the submissions until 29th of June if you go out you can find a table which has the flyers regarding to the call for papers for this issue and we're looking forward to receiving contributions from the experts participating this summit and please also help disseminate this information among your colleagues in these related areas please don't hesitate to stop by for chat following this session and I will be glad to share more about this new exciting directions in ITU academia collaboration with you, thank you all Excellencies ladies and gentlemen we have arrived at the end of the World Telecommunication and Information Society Day celebration I would like to congratulate once again our adventurous ladies I hope you find this celebration as fascinating as I did and it's now my great pleasure to invite you all to enjoy a light lunch outside the pop-off room have a lovely afternoon, thank you