Let's call the meeting to order. It's around 6.30 or so. It sure is. 6.33. 6.33. Do we have any additions to the agenda? No. I don't hear any. Okay. I love Zoom. Do we have minutes? I'm afraid not. Okay. Is there some time we will have minutes? I hope so. I'm pretty discouraged. Can you do the statutorily required one? So I suggested a few meetings ago. Just to get us out of this little bit of a backboard. That's my priority, yes. Yes, that's my priority. Okay. Okay. I'll move to the next thing. Public comment. Do we have public? I can't see any, but you guys are in a better position to see than me. So just who's in the room besides Gina, Zoe, and me, it's Jim Barlow, Michael Dwayne, and Ross. Okay. So no public comment. The second. Oh, and Sean for more. Sean Temple. He's doing attendance. Kyle's doing attendance. Yeah. What's that? Oh, we do have a public comment here. I can take calling on people in the room, Seth, if you want. Michael Dwayne. Is he public comment? Yes, okay. At a public comment, Edie Miller had contacted Seth and me by email regarding the upcoming signpost edition and wanted to know if there were any particularly major issues coming up at the town meeting other than the generally important things that always come up just in terms of a little blur for the signpost. So Seth gave her a comment that the fire, excuse me, that the town garage issue might be of something of great importance for people to chime in on. And so if there was anything else that folks thought Edie via the signpost should put out to folks to let her know either through me or through Seth or if anyone on the select board wanted to send her a quick note. Because she was just letting to put a little blurb in there. Okay. And thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you, Michael. Yeah, I did respond today. Yeah, Seth responded today. Yeah. Okay. So I don't hear any other public comment. I think that's correct. Let's move on to the discussion of the town attorney on tax appeal hearing. I think it was 430 personal number, 0704, 0, 0, 0. Tax appeal. So your sound is getting pretty marginal, Seth, but we heard that you wanted to move on to the discussion with the town attorney. The town attorney is here with us and we can do that emotion is in order to go into executive session. And I had the nice extended agenda here with the exact motion up, but I don't see it, but I probably have it right here. So I moved to go into executive session under one VSA section 313 a one F. This is a confidential attorney client communication section of our meeting for the purpose of providing professional legal services to the body. Is there a second yet we have a second from Zoe second. Okay, so all of the favor. They say I can you hear me okay. Yes. I yeah. I the eyes have it. I can't see Zoe. Yes, I'm assuming the eyes do have it. Yep. Oh, okay. Let's go into executive session. We are out of executive session and no action was taken and that was that 52 were out of executive session. Okay. Everyone ready to move to next item. Yeah. Okay, consideration of annual certificate of highway mileage, probably no changes. I don't believe no changes says Right, so we can sign the certificate as presented. I have the original here for those that are in attendance to sign and then those that are not can sign when you're back in town. Sounds good. I'll be back. About willing Be ready to go to the next item. The next item is a big one discussion on local hazard mitigation plan due to expire December 3rd 2024. And I don't think I I believe there were some of us that were part of the last plan. We did hire a consultant or we didn't have to pay them. I don't believe Is that true? We had a consultant help us make the last one. So what do we have to do? We have to make a new plan, right, Gina? Correct. It needs to be updated. I met with some representatives from the state today and the state has grant funding available for this. It's about $13,000 in total with a 25% match from the town. From what I heard from them on the phone today, regional planning apparently does have capacity to do these. We have to do this in an open bid, though, a public bid to retain a consultant, but I was at least pleased that regional planning is a potential. So all I know of this is really what you see in the memo. I happened. I did not even get the email directly. It went to the town clerk and went to the zoning administrator. It was afforded to me. So then I completed the form from the state and said, I have no idea what this is. So this is where I'm at. I have opened the document. I have not read it in detail. It definitely is a lengthy document and certainly seems like a process. So what I'm seeking from the select board is your support approval to start down this path with the state to do what I need to do to apply for the grant. Obviously, then I'll get the grant agreement. There's a few, there's a risk assessment I have to complete. There's a whole heap of steps that we'll start going through. They apparently have a draft of a fee that I can then use that we will publicize through our normal purchasing policy. Hopefully get someone on board in February, a consultant that can start this work. And yes, a consultant has to do this. This is not something that could just be done in house, as you know, because it wasn't last time. No, no, I remember doing it last time. It was quite a process and there was a lot of people in the room and There's we had to work on. Yeah, it was a lot of work. And so they are very important, though, you know, the town, all towns in the state have an ERAF rating. Don't ask me what that stands for right now, but It affects how much we how much funding we get. So one, there's funding federal funding that's only available to you if you have a hazard mitigation plan in place. So as it relates to everything that we're dealing with a FEMA right now, the 25% that FEMA doesn't cover how much the state reimburses as of that. Having we have every box checked we have the highest ERAF rating that you can have in the state. A big portion of that is this is having this hazard mitigation in place. So it is very important. And even when I spoke with someone when I first got this email and had no idea what this was From the state, she said that they're certainly very difficult to put together a whole lot easier to update them if you have one Still does take I sat on a presentation last week about this whole process and I felt a little better that there were a lot of towns there that were kind of Not in the loop same as me on this process. That it can take anywhere from 12 to 18 months to do these even to update them. So, you know, I think as we get bits back, you know, we'll see what consultants come up and we'll talk to them about timing and from what they said on the presentation, if you don't think you can have it done before you expire, there's usually some grace from the federal government. So So as soon as we can get this started, I would like to, but I kind of need to Before I tell the state, let's go and let me start doing what I need to do so that we can get this ball rolling. Are you looking for a motion. I don't know if I really need a motion. I mean, I'll bring you all the grant agreement when it comes in. You know, like I always do, but I'm I don't know that you necessarily need to give me a motion to apply for all of this. So we're not spending any money. So yeah, once I execute the grant, that's a different situation. Yeah. Right. So let's go bids and all that kind of stuff. You know, obviously all of that will get to you. Godspeed. Anything I just want to get the ball rolling. You can get rolling. You have our blessing. Okay. That good. Thank you. Are you nodding your head? Yes. Okay. Yeah. Next item is the update on special joint meeting with the Cal select board to discuss each monthly fire department budget and agreement. And the update is pretty simple. Is the 15,000 they're going to be putting back into their budget from their ambulance revenue. So Cal's agreed. We agreed. It's not a huge amount, but it's okay. So that was a decision. So it reduces our our budget that we have to come up with for them for 10,000 and 5,000 Cal's. Any questions on that? Okay. What's that? I think Zoe is quietly shaking her head. They have a hard time hearing that. Oh, okay. It's hard. I'm not sure again. With that. Okay. That camera up there isn't very good. Got it. Any questions? Okay. You ready to go to the next item? Yes. Okay. Final finalization of FY 2025 budget development. So I just, I don't have many questions over it. I have looked it over pretty well. Does anybody have any questions besides mine, which was on the capital reserve account? It looks like it was a million and now it's a million seven. And that seemed like a big jump. How was, how'd that work, you know, for the capital reserve? It added, it added 700,000 one year. What page are you on? Let me see. I got to see which page I was on. Not that one. Oh, I've got to find where I was. I was reading it over. Okay. So I'm on the town of East Montpere accounts and it is. You're in the reporting package. Yeah, which I'm a little confused. I've on that too, because it says 12124 on the left and then it says December 23 on the left. On the right. I mean, this is the M and T bank, Northfield savings bank, miscellaneous plus one page. You're on the budget. You're ahead. You're on the agenda item that is town fresher report. Oh, okay. That's from monthly report. I got to. So let's look at the town budget, which is the one we should be on. So anybody have any questions on that? So the budget as is in the select board memo, but then also I emailed the select board. This is the budget. The select or budget is increasing 3% from fiscal 24 to fiscal, fiscal 25. However, unfortunately, the tax rate is going up 4.7%. And that is because the grand list is actually decreasing by $1,000 in the latest 411 report. So that's math. And yeah, a whole lot I can do about that. So I don't know. I have not asked solicitors. I know I asked Rosie. I know there was some property put into current use, which would obviously reduce the value. So I think that's the main driver. But when grand list is essentially staying flat, the tax rate is unfortunately going to go up more than the budget does because it's math. So from a budget perspective, I've kind of tweaked it as much as I feel comfortable with right now. Didn't put some, you know, grant revenue in that wasn't in the past and some corresponding expense because the town does typically get a highway grant of some sort every year. However, it's never historically been budgeted, but you should put something in there. So that's how I was able to offset, you know, some of just the inherent increase in expenses that we are experiencing as everyone is well aware of. So we kind of are where we are, unless the select board has any specific comments or changes they would like me. Can I just ask, you know, what 411 were you looking at that you said the grand list appeared to be going down? The one that you lodged on January 15 that I received from Rosie. It went down from compared to what? Compared to the tax rate that was calculated in August. The 411 report that was used then. Let me see if I have that on my computer at home and take a look at it. I'll be back if I find anything. Okay. You're trying to say something, Seth. No, I'm just. Your, your sound is marginal. I'm speaking right into this thing. This is right in, right? Yeah. I think if you turn your head. Cuts in and out, but okay. I definitely won't turn my head. Only when I look at the paper. I love zoom. Okay. So any questions for Gina, because it looks pretty good to me. I agree. I mean, it's a pretty modest increase really.  It's modest compared to what everything is costing us these days. Everything costs so much. You know, it's funny, the inflation rates only 3% or whatever it is right now, but it doesn't factor in the fact that everything went up a lot. And now it's still only 3% from now on, but everything rose 10%. It's 3%. Exactly 3% on top of the 10% or whatever it was. But that's the kind of stuff that we're dealing with. That's why it's so hard to keep it to 3%. When you're talking about increases in budget, because everything went up a lot. And now it's only going 3%. But that's this month. I think this is pretty, I think this is pretty defendable. And I think I think it's pretty dependable too. I think you did a great job. Yep. That's what I think too. That's what I think too. It's a pretty tight budget. Deb, if you're listening still, the grand list when I calculated the tax rates in August was 3156582. The one Rosie gave me, I didn't open the actual file, but I made a note and my budget file is 3154028. Technically it's 2000. I rounded to 3155 for the budget. So I kind of rounded up. I kind of rounded up, but Well, it sometimes comes up anyway. That's Tom Brazier has his hand. So, I will call on him. Okay. Yeah, I can't see him. Yeah. I thought you guys had a great job with the budget. I looked at all the great care. Yeah. Thank you. Okay. So if there's no more comments on the budget, we can move to the next item. Everybody okay with that? This is a meeting where we moved to adopt the budget, I believe. Yeah, it is. So I will make a motion to adopt the fifth bill a year 2025 budget as presented. I'll second it. Okay. We have a second. Any further discussion? All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. Yeah, I appear to have they do have it. Okay. Now we'll move to the next item, which is finalization of 2024 town meeting warning. So the only thing that I want to add in, of course, is discussion on the town garage, but I don't think we have to have that on the warning. Do we? I believe we discussed when we discussed this before we said it was appropriate to come up under article two. The, here are the reports of the several town officers into the app they're on and it's already in the draft board report. Yeah. So. Yeah. Right. It's in the, it's in the select board report. So that would that will open it up for discussion. I'll make sure that we do that. That would that will be a special discussion point. To give people a chance to ask questions and to for us to give information. Well, okay. If you put it that way, Seth, I wonder if it would be helpful to townspeople to just add another article with that on there. So that people looking over the agenda ahead of time will have in mind, hey, this is going to be discussed and might even decide whether to come or not based on that. That could be. Yeah, that might be helpful. We want people to come to town meeting. Right. I think that's a, I think that's a great idea. There's really no downside to that. Yeah, there's no downside at all. I'd rather I welcome that. It's a really nice to have a healthy discussion on that. Since we were talking anyway about putting it in article two, would it make sense to just have that be the new article three bump up everything by one. No, leave article two as it is and then the garage discussion would be article three. I mean, the When we have non binding discussions like nuclear freeze or whatever that that goes at the end, but this is not a non binding discussion. This is a future budgetary discussion and I think it belongs in the beginning. I mean, it could be put other places, but I think it's not out of place being the new article three. You know, Michael is moderator. Do you have any. I don't disagree at all. It sounds like a good idea. Okay. Thank you. It doesn't matter to me. Whatever works. You're discussing having it put out in the signpost to write earlier. Yes. I mean, I think it would be good to have it as an article three because we could just sit way down from our select board report right into that. I think that's probably a good idea. Right. You can foreshadow it in the select board report. So the next paragraph, we're going to talk about just a moment. Yeah, it's easier to blah, blah, right down through into that. Yeah. Okay. So let me do it that way. Okay. Make it a new article three and then just change the numbers and the rest of them. Okay. All right. Any more comments on the warning or town meeting as we vote on, don't we do not right now. Yeah. I'll make a motion to accept the proposed final draft of the 2024 town meeting warning as provided for us tonight. That work as amended. As amended. Yes. As amended. Now we just need a second. I'll second it. Oh, sorry. You're second. Sure. Is there any further discussion? Yes. Let me just take your and then make a comment. So it's. Okay. So I just want, and this is probably how we've always done it because you do your homework and go back and look at our previous documents, but I just wanted to check in about page four, having the town forum. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Warning as part of the town meeting. Warning. Is that really what we've done in the past? Yeah. Yeah. Okay. I just hadn't remembered it being that way. Thank you. Yeah. And we did. Well, we don't have anything else that night. That's all we have. We will then have a select board agenda. That will come after this. Okay. Yeah. Yeah, we just don't want to set a time for our meeting because the. The town meeting forum sometimes isn't very busy. So we like to start the town. Like board meeting is right afterward. Yeah, not a specific time. Last year, I believe I had like an asterisk that said the select board meeting would essentially start immediately following the town forum. Yeah, perfect. Yeah. Yeah, I just remember the old days and Bruce who says specific time and then we'd have to sit there and Twitter or thumbs for an hour. Right. Okay. So. Are you happy with that? I'm delighted. Delighted. It's a big word. Okay. So I don't think we have voted on the motion. We've been having a discussion. So can I call the motion? Please. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. The eyes appear to have it. They do have it. The town meeting. Warning is finalized. Blackboard report. Looks good. It was just one thing I had a question on that page. Page. No, the next one. Third paragraph up. The East Montpellier fire department entered 2023 being led by interim chief Albert Petrell. Albert was officially voted. And I thought it would sound better if there was in was put in there after the voted. But maybe that's okay just to leave it. What does everyone think? That seems like a good edit to me. Yeah. It just sounded a little odd. It just sounded a little odd. It just sounded a little odd. I think we're all out there. Yeah. The city is officially voted. As chief. Yeah. That's our, Scott sent me a couple of tweaks. Up in the third paragraph issue of that page about our path. Yeah. a new TEM will truck. I think it was those two. I don't have it right in front of me, but I already made the changes on the file. Yeah, this is just a couple of typos. Yep. Yeah. Yep. No, that sounds good. Can I ask a question? I'm sorry. You signed this and that is select board members listed include John Jewett. He's not here to, he's no longer on the select board. He was here as a 2023 report. He resigned December 18th. So do you really? I mean, I certainly want to give him credit and thanks for all the time that he served on the select board and he doesn't have a chance to vote on this report. So I think it's voting on the report. Yes, we usually do. You normally vote to finalize the report. The whole report, the town report, the whole item, the whole document, not just this. No, you usually, yep. Doesn't matter to me, whatever you want to do. Well, his name has been removed from the warning and he's being acknowledged on the, yeah. I would take him off if we're up to me. I questioned that too. I was going to ask the same question, Carlos. Yeah. I'm trying to be consistent, I'm trying to be consistent from one page of the town report to another. That's kind of what I think about when I'm looking at it. Yeah. And actually the report has been made after he left. So we're kind of signing on to this. Yes, so you're probably right to take him off. Okay. Any other comments on or edits on the select board report? Just going to the town warning or town meeting report. So we need a motion, right? I move to approve the select board 2023 town report for the new town report as amended. We have a second. Yes, Zoe. Any further discussion? All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it, they do have it. Okay, that takes care of that. The next item, consideration of Colbert engineering design RFP responses. Yes, just... So all the packages that you just know, finally, I was a little confused on the prices. I did not see a firm bid from the wolf. Now maybe I'm reading it correctly. They were just, with this short of a time frame, even DuBois, as much as they did make their effort, both of them were just going on, essentially providing info by hourly rates. Okay, that's kind of what it looked like. It was just an hourly rate, definitely on the wolf. DuBois and King had some other numbers. So we have to choose between the two, correct? Well, so Guthrie and I had discussed a long time ago and discussed with these coming in, given that both of these firms happen to be the firms that we also have under contract to perform engineering work for us, we'd like to use one-on-one project and one-on-another because then one, we're spreading the work in hopes that we can get these designed as quickly as possible, and two, it gives us an opportunity to work with both firms on two rather sizable projects to kind of see how this goes. So- That's a good idea. We could say, the wolf will handle Sanders and DuBois can handle Sodom Pond. Or vice versa. Sounds good. Your way. But the goal with these is, and the timelines work, Guthrie was very pleased, Sanders Circle, I relate to both of them as the priority because obviously that road is currently unpassable. So in a worst case scenario, Guthrie and I have discussed, if we couldn't repair that road in 2024, we would obviously have to install a temporary bridge. But hopefully with these time periods, we will have plans, be able to go to bed. Guthrie feels confident we can get on someone's schedule this year to get this work done. So that's where we were with this. As you all know, this is also gonna be the town's first projects that are done after the passing of Doug Newton. And we're probably looking at spending five to six times for these, this work from what we have in the past. That's just, Doug was really working for free. So it's a new world. But this all should be FEMA. The reason I put these out to full bid, but in the times, Argus, we have followed all the rules for FEMA. So all of these costs will be reimbursed through our FEMA storm fund. So. Okay. So that sounds like a good idea to me. Yeah, I was pleased they were able to even get something back. I mean, I was pretty aggressive. They both kind of emailed me and they're like, you're wanting a response this fast. I'm like, well, we kind of need these designed as quickly as possible. So that's why we kind of went with, give us an idea of your plan and the hourly rate is kind of gonna be what it is. For them to really, really truly hone in on costs would have taken more time. Okay. So. Good question. Why are we gonna get... What's that? Seth. Why are we gonna get any more clearly defined costs from them just rather than hourly bill and hourly rate? It doesn't look like it to me. Not right now. Now. I had the exact same question Seth did. Okay, is it gonna be $10 million or a dollar? And again, we can certainly do that. Likely means neither of these repairs will occur in 2024. I'll need to give probably a, because I'll have to dig into these in much greater detail to provide us that information. It has to be done and soon. Yeah, I think we should just move ahead with it. Don't give us more information about getting into this, but we're in order to get these moving, we need to execute agreements to start getting both of these designed. Okay, I think we just need to do it to get the job done this year, 2024. Since we've already And it's not gonna cut Sorry, we seem to have a delay between here and Florida. So we keep talking over each other. Sorry about that. But since we've already authorized you to go ahead and choose these firms for work, do you need any further authorization? I think to be extra safe for FEMA purposes, I would like a motion authorizing specifically DeWolf for Sandra Circle, Duboy and King for Sodom Pond that I can accept the bids from the firms for those respective projects. Okay. Okay. That's what we need to do. Is there a second? Oh, I have a full second back. So a second set, okay. We have a second. Okay. Any further discussion? Hearing none, all those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it. They do have it. Now you need a motion for the other one. She covered it. Yeah. The motion was for both. Oh, okay. I didn't hear it. That's an order. Yeah. It's kind of broken up. Okay. So we're good. Can we move to the next item? Yes. Okay. Treasure report. And that's where I was getting my documents confused here. And just asking about the contribution to the capital fund, which seemed big for one year. Now I wonder if that was ARPA money that went back in there or what's the story with that? That's ARPA money, correct. That is the regular allocate and ARPA money going in as well. Okay. That's what I thought. Okay. Who else has questions for the monthly report besides the dates wrong on the left? I'm making an answer about that. Okay. And what else? Anybody else have questions? No questions? You know, you have anything to say on that? Well, let's move to appointments. We've got two people and we've got the energy committee as a new member, Mr. Costin. So we need to appoint him. Is that correct? Mr. Costin had moved to East Montpelier and I'm delighted that he wants to be on the energy committee because he's, okay. And yeah, I'm glad. He's been attending the meetings. I know just from speaking with them, McCall, I think he's attended the last probably three or four meetings and has been very interested and involved and decided to accept to officially join the committee. He's been working as his occupation and as his advocate on energy issues for many years. That's great. I've been on a committee with him and I fully endorse him. Nice. I move to appoint Daniel Costin to the energy committee. I'll second that. We have a second. Any further discussion? All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it, they do have it. The next is, I guess Chris Rackinnelli is stepping down. So Aaron Borland has him is interested and we need to appoint her. Just Chris kind of still held the title for last year but is officially fully taking those reins and is the lead for green up. So she should be the one appointed in that position. Chris has done that work for many years for us and he has wanted to put it aside for several years now. So I'm delighted that Aaron has the experience of working with him on it and is willing to step up and take over officially. And he is still supporting. Yeah. But he was officially in charge of it. Great. Okay. So we need emotion. I moved to appoint Aaron Borland to be the, to direct the town's energy. I'm sorry, green up activities. What's that officially called? The chair of the green up committee or? It's a green up coordinator. Green up coordinator. Green up coordinator. That's what I nominated her to be. I'll second. Oh, very good. We have a second. Okay. Any further discussion? All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it, they do have it. Warrants, we only have Carl. Oh, no, we have Zoe in the office too, right? Yeah. But still, to authorize me to sign. Yeah. Yeah. We need emotion for that, don't we? Yeah. Scott, you're gonna make that motion? Is he still there? Yes. Yes, I make a motion to authorize Carl to sign the warrants for the select board. No, he's not here. So I'll go ahead and second it. Okay. Um, any further discussion? All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it, they do have it. That's the warrants. The next thing is the town administrative report. What do you have, Gina? Not a whole lot. One permit since your last meeting, well, two meetings ago, because I didn't do this report last time for a bike shed. And then we have your future meeting schedule there for your reference. Seth, did you want to look at any of those dates because of your schedule or no? Well, February 5th, I'm not gonna be an East Monterey. What if we did it the next week, the 12th? 12th and 26th. That would work. That's two weeks apart. Let me just- It works better than this. It works a lot better than trying to zoom in from here. This isn't working the best. I mean, we're getting by, but- I second that motion. Yeah, the 12th works for me. Okay, works for me too. I wanna go on the record and say, I'm glad that development in East Monterey is proceeding apace with a new bicycle shed in town. Make sure night. Yes. Yes. You have anything else on your town administrative report? This is something. This is a 16 by 16 foot building. This is something that some people might call a garage. And I'm just very happy that it's being called a bicycle shed. Anyone still there? Yes. Okay. So nothing else on the administrative report, Gina? No. Okay. So now we have the early, too early probably for all the select board candidates. 730. We have one. Yeah, we have one. Let's just have that conversation. That's Tom, right? Can I contact the other and just let him know? He has a private meeting. Okay. Come on at 8, around 8.15. Oh, okay. Okay. Well, we've got some other things to do anyway. But we can talk with the one candidate that's in there, is Tom. Sure. Sure. Should we go into executive session? Yes. It's not a contract issue and not an employee. Cannot do it. Yeah. Last time you spoke with the candidates in open session, you went to executive session for you all to discuss the candidates. Thank you. That is not according to the open meeting. Well, the statute is the appointment or employment or evaluation of a public officer or employee. But the select board is a public one. Okay. I guess it's kind of gray. So we're going to talk with Tom now. Tom, would you like to come up here? Okay, we're ready. As you probably know, I was on the select board from 1993 to 2008. About $7,000 a year as the chair and investment advisor representative, which is the next hire license above a financial advisor. So I work with budgets every day. I have a lot of experience through the prior department with mitigation of emergencies. So I believe that I can add stuff to the select board. I think I've got some knowledge that maybe some of you don't have. After 15 years on the select board before, why in heaven's name would you want to come back? Well, to be honest with you, I hadn't even thought about it, but when John resigned, I had like 20 phone calls within two days asking if I would consider. I considered it. I have a little more time than I used to have when I was farming. If Seth can attest it, it's when you're farming, you don't have a lot of time. So, and that's what I was doing at that time, some perspective of the select board. And I'm very familiar with the town about it. Well, I have a question. Is it appropriate to ask whether you would, and I'm asking the select board, is it appropriate to ask if you would be interested in running for a term position in March? Is that correct? I only have a position or a petition in to run. Okay, thank you. Okay, whether it's appropriate or not, you answered it. Thank you. Any other questions for Tom? Those are my two questions. Thank you for all your service. Okay, thank you, Tom. Yeah, thank you, Tom. So we'll just have to interview the other candidate later and do the other stuff we have to do now. So the other thing that we have is a personnel matter. And we might as well go in an executive session and discuss that. Everybody on board with that thought? Yes. Okay. I am. Yeah. So I moved to go into executive session under one VSA section 313A3, the appointment or evaluation of a public officer or employee provided that the public body shall make a final decision to hire or appoint a public officer or employee in an open meeting. And she'll explain the reasons for its final decision during the open meeting. Okay. So you made a motion. And we have a second. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it, they do have it. Nick, why don't you take the hot seat? Sure. Welcome back. Thanks. Oh boy. So we're out. Yeah. We're out of executive session now at 7.54. And Gina, did you want to briefly summarize? Yes. So what we discussed was sadly the municipal coordinator for the town office tendered her resignation and is moving out of the area. So we will be posting the position to hire her replacement. If you know anyone, let them know. But so we will be recruiting for that position again here in the near term. Right now, thankfully this employee gave us long lead time. So Patricia's given us until the end of March. So the hope is that we can manage to hire someone and have a little bit of time for them to train before Patricia leaves us. So that was the executive session. All right. So thank you, Gina, for that update. And now we've got another select board candidate in to discuss his background or his reasons for wanting to join the select board, Nick Kosa. So thank you for coming in, Nick. And we'd like to hear from you. Yeah, thank you for having me. So we've been living in town now about a year and a half, been serving on the planning commission as well as a development review board. We've relocated up here, planted roots and looking to continue to grow those roots and serve the community. Just switched jobs to be more local, working for North Country Federal Credit Union as their chief information and technology officer. So trying to be a part of this community and give back as much as I can through volunteering is pretty much a passion of mine. I've got almost 30 years of corporate experience, all sorts of things as well as some construction experience. So I'm a very well-worse than economics, budgeting, some of the construction's ways and means from a business side. And then some of the exposure on the planning commission talking about some of our challenges around how do we continue to grow housing in a very pragmatic way? That there are some concerns of how, you know, we have some declining enrollments in schools. So that's a bit of a concern that we are looking at, but that's something I also wanna try and elevate into this forum as well. If I give it, given the opportunity, it's a pretty big concern as we move forward. As well as, hey, what are we doing with our water and sewage problem in the Village Center, right? It's a bit of a concern of how we continue to effectively grow without overpopulating. So just a couple of thoughts on that. Again, my background's pretty diverse in what I've done. I'm happy to take any questions you might have. Okay. So what do you have for questions? Does anybody have any questions for Nick? I've got a couple myself, but what is, what do you have any questions, Carl? I'll ask you a question and I ask the other candidate or variation on it at least. You're now serving on the Planning Commission. Would you anticipate serving on both or would you drop that? Given the opportunity, if the poll got too much and or if there was a conflict of interest, I would serve on this network. Yeah. And why the Dickens would you wanna serve on this board with this group of people in the, I think it's about impacting change and having diversity of thought. Yeah, she's good. Okay. All right. So my question, Nick, with that. So we was gonna ask a question, Seth. Sorry. Do you wanna go first? No, I want you to ask a question because I never hear from you. So I'm very happy. Sorry, you mentioned impacting change and your desire to be on the board. And I was curious if you could expand on that. What type of change you're thinking of? Or if you're- So I am very big in preserving our environmental footprint and the picturesque beauty that we have in town. But I also think that needs to be weighed with our declining enrollment and how do we adequately take care of the population? Some of my neighbors are aging and they've expressed concerns of, you know, what do we do with our land and our homes when we're done? There's nowhere for us to go. We don't wanna leave town. So how do we start to balance and look at that? How do we do the appropriate housing studies? So when I say impact change, how do we preserve what we have and grow at a pace that meets the needs of our town? I don't mean overpopulate. I don't mean overdevelop. Nothing like that. But it's more about are we attracting the right level of builders to look at our current zoning? What can we possibly do? And are we looking at senior citizen housing? Is that an option that we wanna think about? So when I say... Is that right now? I think right now we should be looking at housing studies. I think our master plan, the way it was written about 10 years ago that talked about growing the village and we have now bookend problems that we can't grow at the central village, right? We have a sewage problem and we have a water problem. So if we can effectively grow that part of town, we need to start to pivot and figure out what other parts of town can we look at and potentially grow without ruining all the beauty parts we have down. So I think a housing study is required. That answer your question? Yeah. Okay. So my question just has to do with the time commitment because I think you're pretty busy but are you gonna be able to make those 630 meetings a couple times a month? Yeah, so... They go on for a couple hours. You know, switching jobs and working at a credit union which kind of shuts down at five o'clock and no one looks at phones and emails is a nice adjustment for me. So my nights and evenings have opened up quite a bit. We do have a board of directors meeting on Mondays and starts at five but like today it got done at seven and I was able to get here. If it gets done at seven, I can always dial in that one time a month but the other weeks I don't have a problem. So it's just once a month, the board of directors meeting? Yeah, and I have the schedule so I can always correlate that to see if that conflicts with anything happening here or not. This is bi-weekly, right? Yeah, so... Twice a month. Twice a month. Yeah, first and third generally but we tweak it so this month, the first was January 1st and we decided we didn't wanna meet them. But again, typically that meeting is about two hours so I would either be dialing in half hour later or dialing in time from work. Right, okay. All right, I guess that was my major question. Kyle, do you have any questions? I don't, no, I read through everything. No, I don't have any questions. Oh, I guess the question that I asked the other candidate, are you intending if you were given this position or not, are you intending to run for the select board in the March election? If given this position, yes, I fully intend to run. Yeah, don't you have a petition out already? Yeah, we started getting signatures and then I can get the rest of it. That was my question, thank you. Yeah, because they have to be in by Monday the 29th. Yep. Yeah. Just, I'm sorry, I'm sure you said it clearly and I just missed it, but the board of directors meeting on Monday, is that every Monday or just a month? No, once a month. That's my thought, I wanted to make sure. Yeah, thank you. That would be terrible. Is it the first Monday of every month? I literally got the calendar cadence and I don't know if it's necessarily the first Monday. I can take a real quick look, not necessarily. Like it's like, February, it's on a Tuesday, March. I look at second Monday, I think. So it fluctuates. Sorry, March is March 18th, right? Okay. The cadence moves around a little bit. Yeah, sounds okay. Oh, I see. Okay, all right. Any other questions for Nick, before we let him go home? I don't hear any. Of course, I'm a long ways away, so I might not hear it, but. Motion to send me home, all right. Okay, thank you. Thank you for coming in, Nick. We appreciate it. Okay, so now we have to go back into executive sessions, is that correct? That's correct. I moved to go to the second. It's written under one, VSA, sections 313A, three, the appointment or employment or evaluation of a public officer employee, providing that the public body shall make a final decision to hire or appoint a public officer employee in an open meeting. And she'll explain the reasons for its final decision during the open meeting. Second. Okay. We have a second? Yes. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. The ayes appear to have it, they do have it. Okay, it is 8, 18 p.m. and we are out of executive session. We are about to take a vote and then state the reason for the vote. Okay. Yes. I would like to make a motion to appoint Nick.  What's his last name? Post-Level. Ova. Okay. Ova. To the select board for the remaining portion of the term until the March election, reason stated his new to the area, his fresh perspective as being a fairly new resident to the town of East Montpelier, basically his perspective on, yeah, good enough. I will second that motion and I would like to add as part of the discussion that we have received the advice of council that even though it's a really short time between now and town meeting that state statute really implies strongly that we should be doing this. The council, our attorney advised us to make the appointment tonight. And some of us discussed just leaving it empty until town meeting and allowing the voters to make the choice, but we're acting on the advice of attorney and choosing to appoint someone tonight. Okay, so we have a motion to appoint made by Scott. We need a second on that. I seconded it. You second it. Now we're gonna vote on all those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye. So we have three ayes and then we have an abstention, is that correct? No, it's unanimous. It's four ayes. You're not unanimous. Oh, four ayes. So it's unanimous. So we just, somebody just has to, Gina, can you let Nick know? Okay. Yes, and Tom, yes, I already have a note. Okay. So that takes care of that. Is there anything else? Other business, not aware of it. Other business, there isn't any other business. No. I'd like to make a motion, Gina. I'd like to make a motion to adjourn. All those in favor, please say aye. Aye. Aye.


I feel comfortable with my teachers now. I actually have someone special outside of home that can treat me like I've known them since I was little. Several years ago, New America began researching and analyzing culturally responsive teaching practices and policies. Our vision was to help policymakers, educators, and education leaders foster an evidence-based approach to culturally responsive teaching. We developed eight competencies, along with a reflection guide. We are receiving a professional development this morning from students, okay? So this is really more so for your a-ha moments like that, your a-wonders, you know? So we're used to the a-wonder, a-ha, a-notice protocol, which is them in your notebook. And the purpose is just so as educators we can see what it's like to be a scholar here in hopes that it brings something in us to be better educators for all of our scholars. Beginning with self-reflection, teachers explore their own history, values, and experiences. I think the biggest value is recognizing some of the biases that exist within me that I didn't realize were there. We were reading something and a boy fell in love with a girl they lived happily ever after. And after going through this conversation, I had to stop and step back. I realized there were three students in that room alone whose parents were in same-sex marriages. And I excluded, you know, three of my babies without even realizing I was doing it. Teachers then encourage students to draw on the background of their families and traditions to shape assignments and projects. I want you to look at it from your point of view culturally. So look at it from where you're from, what your family looks like, your race, your ethnicity. Now, think about those same books. Do you feel like those books were picked out just for you or do you feel like those books were just there? I see myself in some of the books I read, but not most of them do. To get to know my students beyond their personality, looking into where they come from, where they currently live, just diving into their background and their tradition, because when they come in school, we expect them to do things a certain way, behave a certain way, looking beyond that, what do they normally do at home? Creating a caring school community can improve students' academic performance and build a sense of belonging that transcends practices, policies, and norms that typically hold students back.  We have a very diverse style and so it forced us to have conversations about things that we would normally not have conversations about and it has been a sense of vulnerability. We've been able to meet each other eye to eye and have heart to heart conversations and it has really, really solidified the culture of our building. Through rigorous and relevant projects, learners develop a sense of civic responsibility. Applying skills and lessons taught in the classroom, they begin to see themselves as agents of change. We studied social justice poetry, so it had to address some social justice issue. I wanted them to find a poem that they connected with and so once they found a poem, they illustrated it and so I have a collection of some great artwork to share with you guys if you wanted and then they had to do an oral performance of that poem. We got the final product that day and it was just amazing because you could see the poetry like in their soul. We recognize aligning standards to meet culturally responsive practices is not easy. This work requires thoughtful collaboration to foster relevant and effective experiences for the learners of today.  Do they treat you differently? Yeah. Haley, you said, yeah, you answered that fast. You can tell when they don't? Okay. What's your advice again? My advice is to love your students more because you never know what they go home to. Influencing education influences opportunities. And you can create safe spaces for our champions and safe spaces for our educators in the building to talk about windows and mirrors and reflect on experiences that lead to building stronger curriculum in the classroom. Kids will see themselves in curriculum. Teachers will see themselves in curriculum. This is something that is in dire need throughout the United States.


We have another very interesting customer session with Sahi Bindan next up and Sahi Bindan is Turkey's biggest online marketplace. They have a very unique use case and they're deploying several workloads including databases such as MySQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Clickhouse and Apache Kafka on Red Hat OpenShift. And this supports their whole website and handles all the traffic that they have received on the website. We have Jem Omertag who is a software and data architecture manager at Sahi Bindan and Erkin who is a senior solutions architect at Red Hat and he helps our customers in their development journeys and they're here to shed more light on the Sahi Bindan story. So hi Jem and hi Erkin, welcome to the comments session and thank you so much for being here. Hello everyone. Hello everyone. And so I'm going to, so yes, so you can see their profiles up here and we can just dive right in, I won't waste any more time. So can you tell me a bit about Sahi Bindan? What does Sahi Bindan actually do? Sahi Bindan is a classified platform, classified platform from Turkey. A diverse spectrum of new and second hand goods is sold on the truck platform like real estate, cars, trains, clothing, food. With close to 60 million active users, 30 million pages per month, Sahi Bindan is the fourth largest online, online classified platform in the world, trailing on the great listing USA, Avatar in Russia and Le Boncoin in France. It's also one of the top listed sites in Turkey according to Alexia. Currently Sahi Bindan has close to 1,000 employees, 250 of which are working in R&D department. Sahi Bindan is currently running on more than 4,000 yams in more than 150 distinct rows to distribute between two on-prem sites and a public cloud site on GCP. That's about Sahi Bindan. Thank you. Okay, so as I understand you decided to undergo a massive cloud transformation project. What were the challenges that Sahi Bindan was facing and why did you decide to go for such a transformation project? In Sahi Bindan, we first wanted to modernize our underlying technology stack of the services we provide, enabling product with scale and reusable improvements. As well as we want to reduce time to market, optimize internal investment and establish a more secure and well-governed technology infrastructure. To our understanding, every company needs to be a technology company and should provide its business good means to deliver new services to the customers in a reliable, secure, scalable and fast way. We also want to employ top talent which thrive in companies with up-to-date technologies. Although public providers check all these boxes, we are subject to strict government regulations in the form of a local version of GDPR. That means in some point in the future we may have to suddenly abandon our public cloud extensions. So we are kind of stuck with on-prem data centers. Before 2020, we have built upon our virtualization and automation platform around Debian, Linux and Zen. With some homegrown, Python-based infrastructures code tooling we named Sahi Bindan Cloud Systems. When we need that kind of infrastructure, the modern tools are not very major actually. And this tooling is although very customizable because it's written by us, has a very steep learning curve and do not really attract people who already learned and used open source tools for that purpose. So in fact, we wish to minimize the footprint of self-provision, operated, secret and government-registered components and focus our efforts, engineering effort to our application layer and data layer. We also envisioned that the actual containerization of all our applications will be a multi-year project and we decided to instead approach, we decided not to make a big bank actually. So we decided to go with the lift and shift approach where we keep running our workload on virtual machines and focus on replacing the underlying platform first. With these ideas and restrictions, in 2020 we started a two-phase project. In the first phase, we moved a part of our workload to Google Public Cloud where we diverted 20% of our traffic to keep it alive. And we actually liked our experience there because we are not bound by any kind of hardware restrictions. So like you mentioned, so for the second phase of the project you launched a request for proposal. What were your requirements and your selection criteria for that? In the second phase of the project, we tried to extend the benefits of cloudification of our application versus two on-premise data centers by employing a private cloud solution that mimics a public cloud experience as much as possible. I mean, the limits of technological and financial feasibility. And we therefore released NRFP to private cloud vendors, many private cloud providers including, of course, Reted, Respondent to the RFP. Putting some specific details aside, I think the ideas in the RFP can be summarized as follows. Firstly, we needed a major platform which regard both virtualization and contentization as first class systems. By that I mean we should be able to work our workloads flawlessly on both virtualization part and contentization part and their connectivity should be also seamless. This kind of technology will allow us to shift our applications from traditional VMs to containers in our own pace because that's a big transformation project and we can't close the shop and we are doing this or we can't do that. So we need time for that. And without a big bank, such a platform will enable us this transformation to be as slow, as graceful as possible. We also are looking for a platform where we can apply their second principle, strengthen our security governance as well as improve our operational efficiency. At the same time, we are trying to change the culture in the company where the development team has stronger autonomy. The teams are going to be not only responsible for the development of their products but also its architecture, scaling, monitoring, etc. They should be able to control production concerns like number and composition of auto-scaling policies, selection of databases and other subsystems and test them with ease by selecting them from application catalog and then push those developers and changes to production with minimal infrastructure team involvement. We are also trying to avoid vendor lacking where we can keep the symmetry between our on-prem data centers and cloud data centers. This is also very important for us. Also, lastly, to our experience, operation of large open source Kubernetes installations are not really trivial work, especially the upgrade part is really painful. By upgrading different parts, you can easily end up with a configuration that has never been tested anywhere else before you, so you may be in dark. So we need a vendor which we can trust for support and also we are sure that they have released a very well-tested bundle to us. This is the essence of the RFP. Okay, so I think now we have quite an in-depth understanding of the challenges and what you were looking for. So can we get a little bit technical and see what the proposed solution architecture was and how it essentially mapped to what Sahi Vinden was looking for? Yeah, actually when we got to RFP and analyzed the requirements, we thought OpenShift on OpenStack-based solution supported with self-storage can be a good fit because most of their workloads were running on VMs. And so we build a solution based on that. But after we presented this to the Sahi Vinden, Sahi Vinden CTO stated that they were looking actually more hyper-converged and a unified solution to run containers and virtual machines together seamlessly. So they don't want to invest on two separate stacks for integration, migration and maintenance. So this became an additional effort for them. So that's why we changed our solution to OpenShift virtualization based. So we offered them a bare metal OpenShift supported with OpenShift data foundation to run both virtual machines and containers together with the support of OpenShift virtualization. So when we proposed that the Sahi Vinden team liked this one, even OpenShift virtualization was a fairly new technology at that time, they decided to go on this solution. Okay, and so why did Sahi Vinden choose OpenShift and OpenShift virtualization to get this massive goal over the finish line? As Cem mentioned, actually they were looking for a stable and security-focused comprehensive platform to run containers and virtualized applications together. So I think OpenShift was a very good fit for that. And so we were a leader in these enterprise Kubernetes. And so it was very popular in also in Turkey as well. And Cem also mentioned, as you remember, they were trying to improve their developer productivity, change the culture in so they can able to try and test new applications very easily like in a cloud environment. So I believe these were the pillars that Sahi Vinden chose us. Okay, that's very interesting. And so what's the current architecture? Can you talk us through that? How is the traffic being distributed? How are you delivering this project? Because it's so massive. Okay, let me start with how we delivered this project very quickly. So we started the project on February 2021. We made the bare metal OpenShift deployment in Sahi Vinden Ankara Data Center. So Sahi Vinden's cloud system, you know, they were using the provision, the virtual machines and the configure their other infrastructure components. So they integrated their Sahi Vinden cloud system with using OpenShift virtualization APIs. They did it very quickly actually. After that, they migrated more than 1500 virtual machines. So these workloads include some Java applications, Sahi Vinden's API gateways, even Active Directory and many stateful applications. I think that was the topic of our today's session. So I think Jen will mention much more, but we onboarded MySQL servers, MongoDB servers, Kazandra and Kafka clusters. So on April, this went live. And after that, these clusters started to get data synchronization traffic from the other data centers. After getting that, Sahi Vinden team actually started to route some image and content traffic, which is the majority of the traffic happening in Sahi Vinden. You know, when the people upload their photos of their houses, cars, so these are kept in a kind of CDN, in private CDN network. So these kind of things were started to serve on OpenShift. But on July, 2021, Sahi Vinden routed 80% of their whole site traffic to OpenShift now. So now we are working on the other data center in Istanbul. So OpenShift is set up there, and Sahi Vinden team is migrating that one as well. Currently, as you can see, 80% of Sahi Vinden traffic is routed to OpenShift clusters in Ankara. And 20% is going to do Google Cloud. They are currently Istanbul data center, legacy Istanbul data center is decommissioned. And so we are now modernizing the other data center now. Okay. And so where do we see this going in the near future? Yeah, I think in a short time, the Sahi Vinden team will complete the migration of other applications in VMs to the Istanbul data center as well. And after that, each OpenShift cluster will be handling around 40% of the whole site traffic. So in the case of an emergency, they can able to switch traffic very easily between sites. And after that, we will be starting on actually modernizing the applications and onboarding containerized applications on OpenShift. Okay. So now can we talk a bit about the workloads as well that are being deployed on OpenShift? What are each of the components being used for and what applications are being supported? Sahi Vinden has a monolith, a large one like millions of code, which is the backend business services. And two more applications and they are a bit more lightweight. RAL is the source access to our API gateway and Vinden is our web application. These applications by themselves span like close to 600 machines on each data center and majority of the application lies there. There are many small microservices all orbiting this environment, but majority of the work is there. And what we did was, as I said, we don't want to tackle two problems at the same time. And we just did a lift and shift operation where we moved, they were only running on VMs, we moved to OpenShift container, OpenShift visualization. For middle where we use mainly memcache, we use memcache because we have to use cache. It's our application cache. And as I mentioned, we have an internal CDM, which mainly runs Varnish, and it serves its contents in a cache like close to one metabyte image. We also have to use Elasticsearch because we have to search stuff in our classified site. So at least 100 VMs are different Elasticsearch clusters. We again have to use Kafka for event streaming and inter-process messaging. As far as databases, we use MySQL, it's the one we treat as absolute source of truth because we also have, because it's transactional, we also have Mongo, by the time this decision was made, Mongo doesn't have any transaction support. So more like ephemeral data, like login information or the kind of data, if you lose, we don't cry, that kind of data lives in Mongo, but it's reliable actually. In Clickhouse, we contain user activities. It's kind of analytical database, but it can handle very big queries on big data really fast, and you can actually connect your front-end application to Clickhouse. And it's much faster in that regard, much faster than MySQL in those type of situations. And we also have to use Cassandra. It's the impression count when somebody clicks on an unclassified, people can track how many clicks made on them, et cetera. All of these applications run on their own VMs on related OpenShift virtualization at the moment. And we are in the process of modernizing, now it's time to modernize the applications themselves. We started recently microservices project where we attack those monoliths and separate to smaller parts so we can run them on containers instead of virtualization. That's very interesting. And so what was your experience like of deploying these workloads on OpenShift using OpenShift virtualization? How did you migrate them on? How was it? Our infrastructure code tooling actually allowed us easily to add related OpenShift virtualization as a virtualization provider. And we made this change. I mean, we already were able to set up a data center really fast. I mean, the migration of data, et cetera, those are different stuff. But I mean, the actual provisioning of the data center was really automatic and fast on Zen. But we added related OpenShift virtualization as another provider and it was as easy as our old way. So this was our approach. As far as running databases on OpenShift virtualization is concerned, we didn't feel any difference. I mean, it's not getting any worse. It's better actually. It's more performance compared to Zen. Other than that, we haven't used the existing databases from the application catalog where we don't have to operate ourselves. But with microservices transformation, we expect the developers to include their own databases from the application catalog. And then they can develop whatever they want and push them to the production where they themselves decide on the size of the database. How many CPUs, how many replicas, it's topology. So we are hopeful about the future. Okay. Okay, I think those are most of my questions. Thank you so much, Gem and Arkan. This has been really excellent. Thank you for going over things in such great detail. Thank you very much. Thank you for spending this time with us.


Hello, yeah, can you hear me? Yeah, okay. So we'll do some examples on this VSEPR theory find out the Structure of these molecules or ions.  No, yes so you see this First of all, we'll find out the valence electron. So valence electron for this one is seven for iodine seven for fluorine so seven into three Plus six into three Plus one because one negative charge is there 21 plus 1 22 plus 18 that is 40 electrons we have so we can say five bond pair and Zero lone pair here. So five bond pair and zero lone pair. The structure is TBB Retrohydel sorry geometry and shape is trigonal bipyramidal Okay, here if you see the valence electron Seven plus 21 plus one 22 22 plus 12 that is 34. Is it 34 34, right? So 34 divided by 8 So we have four bond pair and one lone pair geometry if you see Geometry is TBP trigonal bipyramidal. I shape is what Shape is here seesaw See saw the same shape is if you look at the you know geometry here. So what we do we draw a triangle Just to understand the shape we draw a triangle. It's not like the bonding is there just to understand it, right? And we have suppose One atom present over here That is I Okay, one lone pair will be at this position any one of this three I'll place it here and then to fluorine and To oxygen if you look at this this looks like a seesaw Geometry, okay. One more thing is important. Yeah, I'll just explain it here only in Trivonal bipyramidal geometry There are two types of bond length in tribunal bipyram. Okay This bond this bond is the axial bond right down here This two bond if I have two bond we have this is This is axial bond and this three bond one two and three these are equatorial Equatorial bond We have two different bond lengths all suppose the axial bond has bond length L1 Equatorial has L2 so the bond length of axial bond L1 is greater than L2 this you must take care of The bond angle here you see between this bond and the plane of the triangle this bond angle is 90 degree This bond angle is 120 This is 120 It's a plane of the triangle and this bond angle between this bond and this plane here plane of the triangle It is 90 degree Two different bond angle we also have here. So if you have one lone pair Yes, if you have one lone pair it will place over here If you have two lone pair another corner of the triangle three lone pair another corner of the triangle, right? So this position will place the electron because the bond angle is 120 and here we have lesser repulsion Okay, this you must take care of for TVP diagonal bipyramidal. You can't say it is a Seesaw Suppose we have a line this one line is coming towards me This part is coming towards me and this part is going towards you into the plane of the screen, right? So this is the You can see here. This particular thing is placed So this looks like a Seesaw this part is nothing but this bond Then we have this line the bond angle you are talking about Now here it see ideally this is the ideal thing. I'm talking about. Okay, this 120 is for ideal when there is no lone pair I should not place a lone pair over here. This is for the ideal thing. I'm talking when there is no lone pair Yeah, this angle is lesser than 120 if there is no one pair present then this angle is lesser than 120 Okay, Xeo2 the number of valence electron you see for Xeo2 8 plus 2 into 6 that is 20 Right, so we have two bond pair and two lone pair Right, so it is geometry is tetrahedral Shape is what is V shape? We also call it as bent shape or we also call it as angular all three are same thing Xeo4 valence electron 8 plus 7 into 4 that is 36 So four bond pair and two lone pair geometry is what? octahedral square bipyramid shape is Square planar next one Xeo2 valence electron is 8 plus 14 22 So we have a two bond pair and three lone pair See the bond pair is always equals to the number of outer atom Two floating atoms two bond pair. We must have more than two. It's not possible. Okay, three chlorine atoms You'll see here three bond pair must be there Right, so it is geometries. What? Geometry is TBP diagonal bipyramid. What is the shape? Shape is linear All three lone pair presence in the corner of the triangle ICL 3 valence electron 7 into 4 28 So we have three bond pair see three outer atom three bond pair and two lone pair So it is T-shape geometry is again TBP and it is T-shape NO2 Nitrogen is 5 so the bond pair can never be more than the like More than yeah, yeah, it's not possible Valence electron NO3 so we have five for this six for this so six into three 18 18 plus one 19 plus 5 24 so we have three bond pair here and zero lone pair right, so it is a Trigonal planar Geometry and shape and O2 minus It is valence electron is 18 So it has two bond pair and one lone pair So it is also What is the geometry? Geometry is trigonal planar shape is V-shape 2 and 1 you see bent or V-shape understood Few more examples will do find out for CH4 NH3 H2 What is the number of valence electron you are getting here? Yes, here that thing does not apply since hydrogen form duplet. It does not form octet Okay, so what you need to do whenever I write down one note here if hydrogen is the outer atom if Hydrogen is the outer atom Then we divide it by two Then we divide it by two. Okay, so all the molecules you see the valence electron Is 8 So we divide it by two so number of you see this eight divided by two We are getting four here and no remainder So in this we have four outer atoms the number of bond pair four lone pair zero Here we have only three outer atoms out of four The number of bond pair is three and And lone pair is one three plus one four here outer atom is only two So number of bond pair is two and lone pair is two So all these are tetrahedral geometry. This one is pyramidal shape pyramidal And here the shape is V-shape V bent angle Understood all of you to find out the geometry and shape our next factors affecting the last you know thing for today Factors affecting bond angle the first one you write down effect of lone pair on central atom in that case we have to draw the structure Mother if you have different kind of atom then we have to draw the structure in that case Okay, we cannot do it by this method actual thing is that Louise Otter structure that you need to draw Okay, these are the trick so it may be it won't apply for all the molecules But with this particular thing you can do most of the question 99% of the question you can solve If there are different types of atoms hydrogen plus any other atoms present then actual thing is that only you find out the Well, it's electron draw Louise Otter structure, and then you find out the number of one You can find out from that right on as the number of electrons on lone pair on central atom increases bond angle decreases number of electrons on central atom increases best example we have theta one season theta three So theta one is maximum then theta two and then As the number of lone pairs on central atom increases bond angle decreases second one effect of multiple bond it on the multiple bond contains more charge And hence causes more repulsion more repulsion Which increases the bond angle which increases the bond angle if this is theta one This would be also theta one. This would be theta two So here because of the double bond theta one is greater than theta multiple bond causes more repulsion Multiple bond contains more charge causes more repulsion bond angle increases effect of electronegativity of central atom electronegativity of Central atom right on as the electronegativity of central atom increases Bond angle increases as the electronegativity of central atom increases bond angle increases NH3 and PS3 You see what happens here obviously theta one is the bond angle here Theta two is the bond angle here then the theta one the bond angle is greater than theta two Why it happens you see Since nitrogen is more electronegative it drags the bond pair of electron towards its side. So here the bond pair electrons are Towards the nitrogen atom hence they are coming closer and this tendency is more because the more electronegativity of nitrogen They are coming closer hence produces more repulsion and the bond angle expand here. It our one is more than fourth one effect of Electronegativity you want me to go back from okay. Just a second of outer atom. I'll share the notes anyways electronegativity of down as the electronegativity of outer atom increases Bond angle Decreases electronegativity of outer atom increases bond angle decreases just reverse of the previous one But in this you have some we have some exception that you must remember In case of H2O the bond angle is theta one In case of F2O the bond angle is theta two in case of Cl2O the bond angle is theta three Right, this is an exception here. Here the order is theta three is maximum then theta two and then theta one Right, this is an exception. You must remember one more exception. We have here in case of PF3 and ph3 The bond angle of pf3 is more than To that of ph3 and this is also an exception Understood. Yes, ideally it should be chlorine should be lesser least then chlorine and then edge But it is other way actually double bond will have the mole preference When you have a double bond present, so just simply consider one pair look one pair repulsion fine guys So we are done for this for the session today. Okay. Next class you remind me will start the new theory here Theory of bonding that is balance bond theory. Okay, so all of you write down the heading balance bond theory will start this Next class It's the Lewis start I'm sorry. This is See the valence electron you are getting is 32 the sulfur oxygen oxygen oxygen and oxygen one two three four five six seven eight and each of these oxygen atom has six lone pairs or three lone pairs electron There's no lone pair on the sulfur atom Now in this the negative charge the formal charges negative negative negative negative and plus two on the sulfur atom According to the rule when you have a hypervalent atom the charge on the central atom should be either the charge on the iron Which is minus two or zero Right in order to make it zero will shift one pair of electron from oxygen to Make a double bond over here. So one pair will shift here. Another pair will shift here The advantage of this is what both oxygen atom will have zero formal charge Subtle sulfur will also have zero and oxygen has two negative charge here This is the Lewis structure of SO4 to minus according to the Rules that we have Now, why can't we make any double bond here and make it to minus two because if you do this then sulfur will have Two negative charge oxygen will have zero charge here If any negative charge you have to place then we'll try to place the negative charge on more Electro negative atom, which is oxygen here not sulfur That's why this the structure is more stable than the other one. Hence the structure Fine. So heading all of you write down valence bond theory will start in the next class Let me know this valence bond theory We have to start in this only we'll see the bonding the hybrid action theory will discuss here only Okay, all for the modules questions related to VSE PR. I'll share one PDF also with you on this VSE PR Thank you guys. Take care. Bye. Bye


That thief takes quite a beating as the store clerk stops it and take it off with an exotic fact. And Stucky ended up here getting up beat down by the store clerk who took his place. He was at age. The little green macaw was tossed on the ground several times during the tossals that ended up down the street from Birds Plus and Van Nuys. The boy ripped off the guy's shirt on his sweater. Wait till I take the footage down to the police department tomorrow. Okay guys, guess what? I'm on my way to the detective's office right now. She sounds really nice. I'm really excited to deliver the footage. Meanwhile, all the news stations totally pretended that LAPD gave them the footage. But they didn't. They stole it from my channel. Some of them still had the horns and one of them still had the music. So yeah. Dumbos. So now that they collected the evidence, they want the footage. Meanwhile, because they collected evidence, now the news channels have finally heard about it and used my footage last night after they couldn't get in touch with me. I said, oh, do you still need the footage? And they said, no, we got it from LAPD. No, you didn't because I'm on my way to take it there right now. And also, you still have the music that I put in the video on it. But Kcal9, I like them because they totally gave me credit for my footage and give me a second of me showing the evidence. So I like them. They're my buddies now. Detectives just confirmed with me that the news did not have footage from the police department. One of the news channels literally put police department up on top. All fake. So that's pretty entertaining. All right, guys, here we are at Birds Plus. Let's see what's the news. Look at Lou. He just leaves his van open. Like, like there ain't burglars down here. Oh yeah. I was a Los Angeles police department visitor. Well, I got a question for you.  He probably is another one from another station. They're all coming in, you know. I'm just giving interviews today. I'm not telling you. He's just answering the phone calling. Thank you, thank you, thank you. Why didn't you kill him? I mean, we're all bad stuff. People are mad. I can't. People are badass. Did you see my visitor pass? I'm a visitor police. I just went to the LAPD. I like that. One guy came in and he said, did you take a picture of me with the bird? I'm like, yeah. He said, well, I need a picture for my captain. And I said, well, just move a little closer. Do you know that Snaps loves Lloyd? I'm sure he does. No, they're smart. Yeah. Birds are smart. And Lloyd was like, I don't know. I go, did anyone come for Snaps? He goes, I don't know. I kind of like him now. Oh my God. All the entertainment stuff in here today. A million people. Oh my God. The phone, I turned it off. Your phone's off? Oh yeah. I can't do it anymore. I put it back on as soon as I put it back on. Oh man. What's crazy on here? You guys can't get out. We don't want it. But we're going to protect the birds. Hey, my YouTube channel, don't mess around. Don't mess around. Look how popular it became. That's it. Barret Station Rod. We're going to catch the guy. Hey, Bozo, you're next in a cage. I'm going to put you in a rod iron and lose the key. I think I'll go visit him in jail. What do you think? Yeah, you're absolutely right. Yeah. Did he already get your interview? Oh man, he already gets 15 minutes. So what's he back to do now?   He's probably going to come out and span it.  Probably waiting for the Japanese news team. I want this guy to come back. I want to see who's coming here. Yeah, go out there and talk to him.  Let me see. Maybe he's waiting for the reporter to come back. You have not seen this guy yet. No, I think so. I think he's came in and in. You're getting interviews so much you don't know. I don't know. I'm pretty sure it's him. Did he off? Yeah. You know what? I was in the middle of a movie this weekend and I... Talk about it. What do you want to say? He's like, no. Okay, okay. I'm 6 and 11 o'clock. Hello there. How are you? I'm Marlene. Birds Plus has been popping all day with interviews. The Spanish news is here. They're going to go live at five from Birds Plus. So this is setting up news channel, Australia news, right? Live at five on channel 62. Yes, fighting. I'm so excited that this has gotten so big. We're definitely going to catch this guy. I've already seen someone come in and say, are you the bird here? Yes. My hair is weird. I would have done my hair today. They're setting up the live news right now. This is Jose. Are you okay? Yeah. I'm sure these little birds just have a name. He does. He does. Snatch. We named him Snatch on my channel because he was Snatch. So you just say that, say his name is Snatch. Yeah. Are you doing it in English? All right. In Spanish. Okay. Oh, how cool. He's like, yeah. They said that if you don't show up, I'm going to take your job, even if I don't speak Spanish. I'm just filming for YouTube. But it's not about going live. I think it'll be fun to go live. Yeah, it will be. Let's go live. Tell me what you said because I don't speak Spanish. Oh, yeah. At the beginning I said that the guy I've been seeing, I don't have something and wouldn't ask. Nice. Did you say his name is Snatch? Yeah, it's Snatch. But I didn't say his name and he doesn't feel any problem. Okay. But definitely we'll work together. Yeah, for sure. We're famous now. You're like a million views already. You know what? I actually went to school for broadcast news. So I used to have to go out and film my own packages and put them together and edit it and all this stuff. That's so cool. Where do you go? Drake University. What do you think Snatch? Yeah, we make the one day I don't do anything to my hair. All of this happens. Okay, guys. That's it. So I'm really happy that the news is covering it. And that was the news, obviously in Spanish. I'm really happy that we're getting such good coverage on this. Sorry, dude. You messed with the wrong store. Thank you guys so much for watching. Don't forget to subscribe. Follow me on social media at Marlene McCohen. You can find me on Instagram. Snatch is a really nice bird. I love you, Snatch.


My first professional comics job. Well, my first professional comics job was for Archie. And what happened was I was going to the Joe Kuber School in Dover, New Jersey, which, for people that don't know, it's a school for aspiring cartoonists. And Victor Gorellek, who was the editor at the time at Archie, was looking for artists for Archie. And being an Archie fan myself, I had already done some portfolio samples. So he came to the school and checked it out. And like what he saw, I started working for Archie while I was at Kuber School. And that was how my career really started. That would have been in 1987, 1987. The first issue that I had something appear in, it was like a one-page Sabrina gag, I remember. And it was in Archie's Christmas Talking, which was part of the Archie's Giant series. So it would have been Archie's Giant series, whatever Christmas of 87 was, was when my first work appeared. And yeah, and then that was it. That was how it all started. And it hasn't stopped since then? It hasn't. I know, it's crazy, it's crazy. It's not supposed to work like that, but I've been lucky. So yeah, so then I just started working in the office as up at Archie and started doing, working on staff, doing licensing and production work. And then I went freelance in, I think it was in 97. 96 or 97, I went totally freelance. And yep, that kept me busy ever since. And then I have also done some stints. I've worked, I've done other freelance work for Felix the Cap Productions. I've worked there for a long time, in addition to Archie. I've done some other stuff for like, you know, Disney Adventures and Mattel. But Archie's been mainly my main focus. Couple of one or two books a month, I guess is how it averages out.  So it's sort of hard to gauge exactly, but if you had to add it up, it'd be a book or two a month. You're working on now, any other else? I'm working on a new Kevin Keller series, which will be coming out later this year. I'm working on the last issue of Archie. And I'm working on Betty and Veronica still. And another big project, which is gonna be announced in the next week or two. It's another Archie team up with another very interesting character, I guess you could call it. So I can't say what it is right now, but it's gonna be out. It'll be announced in the next couple of weeks. Yeah, they're actually in the issue, the regular Archie series, and they're going to reboot the book and start it over at number one. What's that last number gonna be? 666. Oh. I don't know if that's good or bad. No, no. So yeah, 666 is the last issue and then the reboot starts with a new team, Mark, William, and Fiona Staples. You're the regular artist and writer on the book. What a time being. I did. Talk about him.  And he came around a few years ago when we decided that we wanted to add more characters, we had more diversity to Riverdale. And we just come up with the idea for Kevin to come into Riverdale and for Veronica to have a crush on him and all these things to happen and we're sort of testing it out to see how the character would take off. And for whatever reason, the character just clicked. It became very popular. There really wasn't much backlash. There was some backlash when we created Kevin, but for the most part, the character reaction was really good. And now Kevin's part of the Archie universe now. Yeah, I mean, there were some minor, minor things that you would expect from, you know, some of the religious groups, things like that. But for the most part, for the Archie fans, it was fine. The Archie fans were right on board with it. And yeah, it's been really, really well received and it's been, you know, really, it's good to see the reaction that we've had from fans for it. A lot of fans really liked Kevin and thought it was time to, you know, diversify a little bit. Archie together with Valerie? Yes. Talk about that. Okay, yeah, that was another one where, you know, you're always trying to figure out different combinations of things. And originally we had talked about Archie with Josie. But I don't know, it seemed, it just didn't seem right to me. Like, they just seemed like they were too, maybe too similar or they're both redheads. I don't know what it was, but so we just sort of were like, well, what about Valerie? She's like an untapped character and she's always been a really good character.  Just like, you know, for whatever reason, they had a, the connection between the new characters was just great. So we continue on, we still continue doing Archie and Valerie stories to, you know, to this day. How about your artistic influences? My artistic influences, well, probably the biggest one was Dan DeCarlo, biggest influence.  So I always liked like Neil Adams and those like a lot of 70s artists.  Jim Appara was really big, great artist. Marshall Rogers and just Dayton I always liked. I still like him a lot. And yeah, then, but you know, DeCarlo is sort of the one I kind of held up on a pedestal as far as I have being a really great artist. How could he be an artist not? Exactly. I mean, how do you not hold him up on a pedestal? I just, you know. Do you have anything else you wanna talk about? Um, I would just say just, just keep a lot of new things coming up and just keep following what we're doing. We've got some great new projects lined up that are really exciting. So stay tuned. Any non-Archie stuff? Non-Archie stuff, yes. I have a couple of non-Archie things coming up. Well, again, I can't mention one of them. I can't really mention it, but, um, yeah, I'm gonna be doing some variant covers for like DC, but I haven't panned those out yet. So I gotta see how those work out. Can you say how many years have you been coming to Megacons? Um, I think this is my, this is my seventh or eighth year. I'm not exactly sure, but it's, I've come every year in a row since then. And it's always been a good show. What are your favorite conventions? What's do you enjoy them? This one's really good. Toronto is always my favorite. Toronto Fan Expo is a big favorite. Calgary is really good. A lot of the Canadian shows I really like. I really like those. New York Comic Con is good. Cool, thank you very much. You're welcome, thanks.


You might take this lightly, but having peace of mind is in something you should ever take for granted, like having the time to breathe and just be with your thoughts calmed by the nature around you, like the sound of the ocean as it embraces the shore's passionately and existing in a peaceful place. That is the kind of gift your mind and soul would thank you for if you indulged every now and then.  It's been years since we've been here due to some circumstances however it felt good to be back you know. Now this place is called Meet Me There and it's in a town called Jita which is about a three hour drive from across so it's not such a tiring journey. And I have to tell you there are several things that makes this place unique. For example, it's an eco lodge that lives by its name. They take a very sustainable approach to a lot of the things here. And we love the food. I remember it being so fresh all the time, the flavors were just amazing. After your meals, the dock is a chill place to just enjoy the view or read or just be. The first time we were here it wasn't as long as we stayed this time so. We had the chance to take a trip to the Huey lighthouse and of course one of the things that makes it such a scenic place is the lagoon that separates you from the ocean. It's definitely a thing for great swimmers who want to go for a dip however you should probably just keep to the banks if you're not a good swimmer like me. But remember though, due to the current COVID situation you are advised to book ahead online before you come. The planes are no longer a thing because they are trying to manage the number of staying guests at every point in time. Oh did I mention the breathtaking sunsets. And it rained on one of the nights while we were there and the place took on a different look I had never seen. It was a different kind of quiet but beautiful nonetheless. So this is definitely a place that if you're in for some kind of adventure, peace of mind, making and taking some new memories with you, you should definitely give it a try. So this here is for you. I know a lot can get overwhelming really fast. Going through the motions, not being present, doing and repeating just to get by. We get lost in ourselves and don't even realize the people we become or how we became those people. So I think it's time to pause. Do something for you. Do something that your soul will thank you for.


when it comes down to offense you've got to score more than one run and that's from the theater of the obvious last year the winning percentage of a team that scored one run is so low that a team would go 11 and 151 on the season not a lot of winning when you score one. That'd be a tough year no doubt about it this is not what the Yankees came out of spring training you know envisioning this for home series but things have changed a lot of people are out of the lineup the Yankees are gonna have to make some decisions no doubt about it is Tyler Wade Fraser you're going to roll the dice and hope that they turn it around they do have good pitching right now so you base things on that and hope the offense turns around now when you talk about this team this team is built to hit home runs that's how they win games last year 267 that's the major league record and it seems like with all the bats that are out of the lineup and on the IL the approach is the same 18 strikeouts today but the homers aren't coming yeah that's the story I mean there's no two ways about it when you strike out 18 times and there's 27 outs that's gonna be the dominating theory the narrative going on so it needs to be addressed the offense was the last thing you worried about we were talking about how deep this lineup was on opening day the seven through nine hole hitters and boy it just hasn't played out injuries are part of it but that's not enough of an excuse certainly approaches part of it you know the shadows I mean there's all sorts of excuses the bottom line is you struck out 18 times in a 980 game and it's the all-time record and one thing one thing think about this you can't use it as an excuse if you're the Yankees but it's an excuse you can't lose all that firepower and be the same team Paul well there's no doubt about it you're trying to fill holes and gaps and all the sudden you see the whole approach I said during the game it looks like it's changed guys are trying to pull the ball trying to hit home runs and when you try to do it it becomes that much harder now do you think there's pressure on them going into Baltimore they've got to want to serious yeah definitely I mean you got to win one game you certainly want to stop the bleeding you don't want too much of a hole but if you remember last year Yankees started out 9 and 9 about 500 and the Red Sox got off to a 17 and two start and there was panic and what's wrong with the Yankees and yeah I mean it's it's early the problem is that you really looked at this part of the schedule is something to take advantage of against some of these teams well some of these teams aren't cooperating right now and that's baseball where's where's my John Sterling voice you know that that's baseball Susan I'll tell you what the Yankees now hit the road and they will be there for the home opener for the Orioles tomorrow then on to Houston as well so six big games Bob and we'll be in Baltimore tomorrow


My name is Henry Kiara. I'm a veterinary epidemiologist. I work in the animal and human health program here in Illinois. I guess my involvement with JEDA issues, I was a late convert, let me say. Initially, I thought it's one of these donor-imposed issues. We were not convinced from a biological background. So, science wasn't really very... I wasn't much aware of it. So, what we do is, because we know people ask whether we are doing gender stuff, so we just make sure we list the number of women who are participating so that we can say, we are doing JEDA work. In fact, I was alone, one of my colleagues was asked whether they are involved in JEDA. He said, ya, video of our staff are women. So, I mean it was widespread for many of us biologists. But what really made me change that attitude was we did our study. We had a student doing a study to understand the factors that influenced the adoption of the vaccine against discos fever. We did this in pastoral systems in Narok, in Wasengishu. The vaccine has many benefits to farmers. It reduces deaths of calves. You spend less money on treatments and control of the disease. So, you would expect farmers would be breaking doors to get a vaccine. But to my shock was that when he analysed the attitudes of the vaccine between men and women, the women were not as keen as the men. And the reason was the major effect of the vaccine is to reduce deaths of calves. So, for men, that's a huge benefit because there are more calves. But to the women, more calves meant more work. So, they were not as enthusiastic. They didn't, of course, defuse it, but they were not as enthusiastic. And obviously, the reason why women were not as enthusiastic is because although there was more labor for them, they were not benefitting as much from the benefits of this vaccine. More milk, more animals, all those are controlled by men and they do not necessarily benefit the women as much as even though they have more work for taking care of the calves, cleaning and feeding them and all that goes with taking care of calves. That was my turning point. I realised actually gender is not like some stuff out there but it has a huge impact on the kind of work we do, use of veterinary products, the adoption, the impact of these things. That's when I go for genes, it's not really donor, it's part and parcel of what we do as biologists. In whatever we do, we have to be more deliberate in targeting who the message is going to, who are we targeting with the products that we're developing, the kind of messaging because there is a big difference between genders how they respond to those issues.