Mr. President, Under Secretary Newman, Distinguished Head Table, ladies and gentlemen. Thomas Huxley once said, the great end of life is knowledge, is not knowledge but action. Others have said the great end in life is knowledge and not action. Rabbinical students are taught that the optimal for life is a balance between do and think or between knowledge and action. Both are important, they must go together, and the theme of this conference, sharing knowledge for action, conveys our deep commitment to that balance. Our agency is committed to developing information on alcohol and drugs and committed to using that information to improve the public health of the country. The title of the conference was fortuitous, national events have taken a dramatic turn. We are most fortunate to have our closing speaker today. The spotlight is now on our efforts, as behold the many cameras and press that are here. A new sense of urgency is on us. This administration has been committed to the fight, alcohol and drug abuse. Over the course of its time, President and Mrs. Reagan have fought for almost six years to educate this country about the harmful effects of dependence and the need to make a concerted effort to stop drug use. America is now prepared to meet that challenge. Mr. President, I thought since the undersecretary is going to have the privilege of introducing you, I would introduce the audience to you and let you know who they are. We have a marvelous group of people here, 950 registrants, 50% more than we expected, 230 plus speakers, 58 panels, 52 round table sessions, 22 exhibitors. And the thing I think you might like best about this government program is that these people paid their way, paid their transportation, paid their hotel bills and are making a contribution and want to be involved in this our first conference. We have six foreign countries here, West Indies, Canada, Bahamas, Ecuador, Colombia and five foreign countries. I'm never good at math. Actually, it wasn't too bad. We've got people here from community mental health centers. We've got educators and administrators. We've got juvenile court people. We've got colleges, universities, Indian health service, Indian tribal councils represented state and local governments, business industry, community prevention programs, media, print, radio and TV, military, local alcohol commissions, research agencies, primary health care professionals, federal agencies, national voluntary organizations, district attorneys, U.S. attorneys, foundations, parents, doers, movers, the grass roots of the country, the bottom up government kind of people that you talk about, this is your kind of group. This audience was turned on Monday. The honor of introducing you will fall to this gentleman. Ladies and gentlemen, you are to be congratulated on your participation at this first national conference on alcohol and drug abuse prevention. You join me in welcoming the President of the United States. Thank you very much. Thank you all very much. Why do I have a feeling that I'm preaching to the choir? Before I get into the subject that brought me here, maybe you'd be interested in the news note. I've been rather uptight all day because up in the House of Representatives there has been a morning devoted to overriding my veto of a trade bill that I thought would be very destructive to our prosperity and to the things that we're trying to accomplish with regard to getting free and fair trade throughout the world. We had to get 142 votes of those present in order to prevent them from overriding my veto. I was just handed a slip of paper here a moment ago. We got 149. So your President's speaker comes before you as a very happy fellow. I appreciate this opportunity to express my thanks for all that you're doing to meet one of the most serious challenges our country faces. The use of illegal drugs and abuse of alcohol can no longer be shrugged off as somebody else's business. Today, it's everybody's business. Every man, woman, and child who loves his country, community, and family. It's time to stand up and be counted in this you are doing. So it's a pleasure to be here with individuals who are doing just that. The usual format for speeches such as this is opening with a bit of humor to get things moving. Today, if you will excuse me, I think the gravity of the problem we're discussing precludes humor. Drug and alcohol abuse are taking the lives of people we love. What can be more important than putting a stop to that? On the casualty list, you'll find the poor, the middle class, the rich and famous, hundreds even thousands per year, dead. Who has not felt the heartache of hearing the news of a friend or family member, someone who has so much to live for but is now gone forever? Who has not felt the frustration of watching helplessly as loved ones or dear friends slide to personal ruin? Len Baez and Don Rogers, gifted athletes who had so much more to achieve, are only two of the most recent fatalities. One doesn't have to be a conservative to appreciate that the vitality and resilience of America flow from the strength of the American family. How many wives and husbands weep at night knowing their spouses drifting toward disaster? Today we must all be as one family in tackling this problem. The young fellow down the street using marijuana must no longer be a problem just for his own mother and father. The fellow with the next desk at work who gets stoned and at times his groggy on the job must no longer be just the boss's headache. The young co-ed, popping pills or snorting coke must no longer be excused for just doing her thing. If we care, we'll be firm with these members of the American family. And if we care, we must act. And that doesn't mean, as you've been told, put them in jail. That means help free them from drugs. A few days ago I called on all Americans not simply to support a government anti-drug effort, but to be an active part of a crusade against drugs. Nancy recently said, and it isn't every day a fellow gets to quote his own wife, We must create an atmosphere of intolerance for drug use in this country. Well, that's the way to tangible progress. Intolerance doesn't mean punishing users. We are, as you've been told, against the use, not the—or against the use, not the user. We're talking about the pressure. The rest of us who care can put on the user to mend his or her ways, get straight and live right. Having quoted Nancy, I just want to say how proud I am that she has been an outspoken crusader on this serious national problem. We couldn't be more pleased than others at long last are joining the fight. When it comes to curing this plague that ravages our land and infects our loved ones, there are no Democrats or Republicans, just Americans. Nancy over these last five years has shown how much one individual with commitment can accomplish. She was out in Oakland speaking to some young people about drugs, and she mentioned that perhaps and said this in answer to a question that the most important thing young people could do to fight drugs is just say no. Well, today just say no is a national organization with 10,000 chapters across this country. Nancy, with her tireless efforts, I think, has contributed to an overwhelming change in consciousness that is taking place in America. The flippant attitude about drugs is changing. Even in my old business, the film business, there seem to be hopeful signs that they're now recognizing their responsibility to do something about this. Historically, the film industry has been a responsible force in our society, something well understood by those in the corporate office as well as those of us in front of the cameras. I would hope that in the months ahead, we'll hear public expressions of support for those in the entertainment world who use their enormous influence, especially on the young, to oppose drugs. This is especially true of rock stars who should be encouraged to have courage and to give a public thumbs down to drugs. As a matter of fact, you'd be interested to know that among that musical group or groups right now, there are some who are trying to plan and organize drug-free rock concerts. Sports figures have a tremendous influence. I hope that every athlete will reflect on the impressions he or she gives as a role model to young, adoring fans. All those in the sports world should understand what a great force for good they can be. You know, in that area, that would be a return because I was a sports announcer at the beginning of my career, broadcasting major league baseball and the big university football and so forth. You might be interested to know that back in that era, no sports figure would endorse cigarettes or beer. Drugs weren't a problem at that time because they knew they were role models and felt that they had an obligation to be the right kind of role model for all of our young people. So we're asking for that to be returned. I want to thank Dr. Bowen and his team over at HHS for the leadership they're providing on this issue. One example is the enlistment of major league ball players like Mike Schmidt of the Philadelphia Phillies to participate in an education program against cocaine, the killer drug, and a special word of thanks to Dr. McDonald of the alcohol, drug abuse and mental health administration who is a real champion in our crusade. Mac was actually active with Nancy's campaign long before joining our administration. The number of crusaders is growing. We mean to create an anti-drug environment in this country, an environment that will strengthen those who are making the right decisions and will cast the scowl of disapproval on those who would use drugs and misuse alcohol. Early on in the administration, we focused on interdiction and eradication, on hitting the growers, the transporters and the sellers. Well, our assault on supplies had some notable success and will continue. But what we've launched in the last few days has been what I think is the real answer, an offensive against demand. This in the long run is the answer, let's take the customers away from the drug peddlers. It's clear that our domestic drug demand fuels international drug trafficking and cuts at the social, political and economic fabric of friendly countries. Today I am announcing that in September I will be calling back for special consultation our ambassadors from other countries, which may face major drug production, transportation or consumption problems. I'll outline the steps that we're taking to strike at the heart of this monster by curbing domestic demand so they can take the message back with them to their own or to the countries where they serve. Together all countries must send the message. No drug networks will remain alive. We mean to have a drug-free country and the world should know we mean business. There are already reasons for optimism. In our armed forces in general, drug use has been cut by 67 percent since 1980. The daily use of marijuana among our high school students is down, as is the use of a variety of drugs for high school and college students. The sum total of this can be looked at as a good first step. One of the joys of my presidency is getting to meet and know this generation of American youth. I think it's one of the finest we've ever had. If he hadn't said it first, back at the beginning of World War II, when someone asked General George Marshall what was our secret weapon, and he said the best blankety-blank kids in the world. Well, I think it would well be that this generation will lead America out of the swamps of illegal drugs. Drug use is a pervasive problem that afflicts all ages, all races, and all income levels. Today's young people, with their energy and ideals, with their commitment to a better future, could well have a greater impact on the rest of us than any generation before. I say we should give them every bit of support that we can. After this week, I announced six goals for us to focus our attention on. Goals that will end America's drug epidemic, and the first is a drug-free workplace. It's particularly vital that those insensitive occupations have clear minds. But we're looking for a drug-free workplace for every working person in government and out. Number two is drug-free schools, from grade schools through universities. All authorities, parents, and educators can do it, and the time is now. This fall, everyone should be made aware from day one that drugs on campus, used or sold by anyone, are a thing of the past, and that strong action will back up that pronouncement. Our third goal is tackling the health dangers stemming from drug abuse. Research can find better treatments, more effective prevention, and better methods of drug testing. Our fourth goal is nothing less than a total international commitment to defeat this evil. And now that other countries know we're attacking the demand side, this should be made much easier. Fifth, we plan to strengthen our enforcement effort. That means building upon what we've already done, including where appropriate, increasing the support that is given by the United States military in this effort. The sixth goal and the one that is essential if the others are to have a chance for success is increasing the public's awareness and involvement in the fight against drugs. This is not just a fight for government. It's not just leadership from the White House and the State House, but leadership from the pulpit, the union hall, the corporate office, the school board, and from the media that will permit us to rid our land of this scourge. And with the theme of your conference, Sharing Knowledge for Action, we must make drug use the top item in the national dialogue so that every citizen realizes what the stakes are for the individual and for the country. Plato said long ago, for our discussion is on no trifling matter but on the right way to conduct our lives. Well, we must determine how we, as free people, will conduct our lives. What our standards are, what behavior we will and will not tolerate, the time has come to decide on this issue and to act, each of us. And I want to thank all of you for the magnificent work that you are doing and will continue to do to ensure that America meets this challenge. Our goal is to do everything we can to help you have an awful lot of allies added to your ranks in the immediate time ahead. So thank you and God bless you all. Thank you, Mr. President. Thank you all. If you'll stay where you are for just another minute.


Did you know that over 80% of all rescues made by lifeguards on California beaches are caused by rip currents? A common misconception is that rip currents pull swimmers underwater. In reality, they're strong currents that pull you away from the beach. Some beaches may have rip currents nearly all the time, while other beaches almost never see the dangerous flows. One thing is certain, you really should try to avoid rip currents. Typically you can find rip currents near pier pylings, jetties and groins.  The waves aren't breaking as evenly as the other waves are in the area where there's sandbars. You can learn more about rip currents and get additional information and safety tips by visiting oesnews.com and make sure to follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.


Hey, this is Brett, and this 2016 Chevy Silverado 2500 Double Cab Short Box is stock number 13208Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, here new and used heavy-duty truck headquarters. This 2016 Chevy Silverado 2500 has the 6-liter V8 gas engine. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. Fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around inside, underneath, start it up, and take a look under the hood. Silver Ice Metallic is the color, and I shoot all my videos in 4K, so if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, smartphone, or television, I highly recommend turning them on right now because it is your best way to check out the quality, condition, options, and cleanliness of the vehicle before seeing it in person. And if you like the video on how I do things here at Summit, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel, click the bell notifications, and you'll get updated every time I do the videos of our new and used inventory here at Summit Automotive. Very clean down that side, does have the factory 20-inch polished aluminum rims, really nice rims to have on a work truck, and it has Goodyear Wrangler SRA tires. These are LT265-60R20s. In the front, these tires are like new, I would say 98% of the tread left on them, frame and under bodies in pretty nice condition. Front fender is in nice shape as well. You do get the projector style headlamps, headlight lenses are nice and clear, and the front bumper is in pretty nice condition. There is one little ding right there, but that's why I would take these videos because these are not new trucks. I'm going to have just a little bit of use on them. Chrome trimmed grille, the hood is in very nice, clean condition, didn't see any major dents or dings on there, and it does come with the cab lights up top, passenger side front fender, nice condition as well. And the passenger side front rim looks pretty good too, just one little nick there, but nothing too bad. Chargers are like new in the front on this side as well, and as you go down this side of this 2016 Chevy Silverado 2500 double cab, take note of how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror like that paint is. I take these HD videos, so if you are far away, or even if you're close by, just cannot make the trip down, you can still see the truck here, the truck and of confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at. Before you even get here, so when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises, so you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. And if this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesmen know that you saw the video, that it was helpful and that bread sent you. And once again, if you like the video, you can subscribe to the YouTube channel in the upper right hand part of the screen. Back tires have just a little bit under half the tread left, I would say pretty close. You do get the plastic wheel well liner here, which keeps your frame and under body looking good, which this frame and under body definitely does. Too bad, lower rockers, looks like it had step bars on it at one time, they are no longer there obviously. And the passenger side box is in very nice condition, I didn't see any major dents or dings on there. Coming around to the back, the rear bumper is in pretty good condition, it does have the rear bumper steps, full towing package, which includes a receiver hitch, four pin and seven pin wiring, and I will point out there is just one little ding right there. Tailgate is in very nice condition as well, does have the locking tailgate backup camera, and it has an access soft roll up tonneau cover, that is in nice condition as well. Comes with a spring and bed liner, and the bed itself is in pretty nice shape too, no major dents or anything like that, and that spring and bed liner goes onto the tailgate, which is nice to have as well. Comes again coming around to the driver side just as clean as that passenger side, box looks really good, and this back rim is in nice shape too.  The back seats are just as clean as front seats, no rips or tears back here, you get the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have, and the fixed glass rear window.  Bottoms of the doors all look really good, will hop inside, check out the miles, the radio, everything that this truck has to offer on the interior. See that this one has 30,959 miles, you do get a digital speedometer, and that instrument cluster is very nice and clean. You get cruise controls on the steering wheel, no major scuffs or scrapes on that steering wheel, and it does come with a six-speed automatic transmission with the optional tab shift. This one has the Chevy MyLink radio, you get AM, FM, and Bluetooth capabilities on here. You also have a projection manager where you can project your cell phone to the screen via Android Auto or Apple CarPlay, so if you have a nav system on your phone, project it to the screen, then it's like you have nav on the screen.  You do get the 4x4 shifter on the floor, and you get a 12-volt power point, and then a 110-volt, 150-watt plug-in right there. Passing aside, floor mat and carpeting and seat are in excellent condition, no rips or tears on there, and the headliner is in nice shape as well. This one does have the snowplow prep package. You also have map lights up here and on-star and SOS buttons in the rear view mirror. We'll start it up and take a look under the hood. Starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that, other than telling me my hood's open. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today, and hopefully from this HD video, you'll have been able to verify the quality and condition of this truck all the way around inside out. You can see those headlights and cab lights are working nicely. Under the hood, we have the 6-liter V8 gas engine, engine base very clean, runs very smooth, and once again, this truck has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. There is your mission sticker. And to see more pictures of this truck, or one of our other 450, actually 500, new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, wranglers, half-tons, three-quarter-tons, you name it, we got it. Go to that website right there, summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations, all at summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. Click the bell notifications, you'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day. Here at Summit Automotive, in fact, in a second, you'll see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel in the upper left. Link to more Chevy 2500 truck videos I've done in the upper right. Link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left, and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those, check us out. And we're super excited to help you with this ultra-cleaning 2016 Chevy Silverado 2500 Double Cab Short Box Work Truck in Silver Ice Metallic. Thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on my YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Thanks again.


Internal Revengers IRS tax news IRS issues renewed warnings on employee retention credit claims false claims generate compliance risk for people and businesses claiming credit improperly and you thought the warnings were dead but no the warning has been revived and is now renewed like the evil Emperor Palpatine and like Star Wars in fact if you misinterpret just one of the many complicated tax code changes during the pandemic you're just as bad as that like that horn shirtless bear hide wearing face painted dude that rated the capital building on January 6 that guy was terrifying like some crazed wild viking slash Nazi armed to the teeth hatch it in hand ready to take the scalp of any police officer who dared to step in his way attempting to stop the violent and bloody rampage it's totally it's totally just like the action that like a berserker would do in the middle of a of a mindless violent and out of control episode like Logan bloody nine fingers from those books by Joe Abercrombie or whatever his name is you know I'll tell you what you know don't give me that crap that you just forgot to carry the one on step 376 of the 2179 step tax worksheet you maniac really did it your miscalculation put not only this country at grave risk but also just one thin hairs breath away from causing like mass extinction of the human population over the entire world there is no exaggeration here this is not hyperbole one hairs breath away I tell you now if you would excuse me all this talking about hairs breath has made me hungry for some carrot cake but honestly like if you can't even fill out the 2179 step new tax form correctly you deserve to be frog marched through the swamp on display like some kind of animal we demand high levels of mental competency from every citizen at every level in this country dang it is calling for mental competency tests for those politicians over the age of 75 what do you think about that ridiculous would your husband ever take one of those I mean we haven't even discussed we would never even discuss something like that seriously maybe you need your head examined anyways and I had these terrible headaches was diagnosed with having a anyway they had to take the top of my head off a couple of times see if I had a brain IR 2023-40 March 7 2023 Washington the internal revenue service today issued a renewed warning urging people to carefully review the employee retention credit the ERC guidelines before trying to claim the credit as promoters continue pushing ineligible people to file the IRS and tax professionals continues to see third parties aggressively promoting ERC schemes on radio and online so obviously we've had a lot of changes to the tax code way more than usual in the last few years a lot of it trying to kind of loosen the tax code to get money flowing in an attempt to help the economy during the pandemic the predictable kind of outcome of that kind of change is that there's going to be a lot of uncertainty in the environment they put out a lot of laws which are going to have problems with them in loopholes and whatnot because obviously usually laws are going to be changing slowly over time and as that happens all the all the kind of kinks and whatnot hopefully get worked out kind of like rolling out a software program or something like that that has bugs but just slowly roll it out and you kind of fix the process going forward so we're in an environment right now where we're trying to get back to some kind of normalcy after this kind of chaotic time in terms of the tax law so you've got to be quite careful in terms of people trying to promote this is an environment where we're schemers will thrive due to the environment right due to the changes in the code so we do have to be quite careful in that type of environment hopefully things will settle back down and we'll get some consistency and we can do some long term planning once again but we'll see so these promoters charge large upfront fees or a fee that is contingent on the amount of the refund anytime you're dealing with a tax professional where they want a fee based on a contingent of the refund or they seem to have some you know scheme some idea that they know about that no one else knows about or something like that and obviously that type of scheme I know about something no one else does that type of thing is a lot more easier for those kinds of you know it's a dishonest type of scheme usually but it's more prevalent it'll work more often in an environment where the tax code is changing because they're going to say well these people just don't know what the tax code changed we got to hit it now we got to do it at this point in time so you got to be careful whenever those two things happen or any one of those two things some person is saying I know I have a secret knowledge that no one else knows or someone is saying that they're going to charge you based on the refund that they get you those are not good science and the promoters may not inform taxpayers that the wage deductions claimed on the business federal income tax returns must be reduced by the amount of the credit quote while this is a legitimate credit that was provided on financial lifeline to millions of businesses they're continued to be promoters who aggressively mislead people in businesses into thinking they can claim these credits and quote said acting IRS commissioner Doug O'Donald quote anyone who is considering claiming this credit needs to carefully review the guidelines if the tax professional they're using raises questions about the accuracy of the employee retention credit claim people should listen to their advice the IRS is actively auditing and conducting criminal investigations related to these false claims people need to think twice before claiming these and quote so we're at a time right now where there was a lot of loose money on the tax code and they're probably tightening up at this point in time and that means they're probably looking to make some examples of people at this point in time that are that are going too far and exploiting like obviously was going to happen the loosening up of of the tax code so again you gotta be quite careful of that it looks like their language here sounding like they're getting more aggressive in this particular area so the IRS has been warning about the scheme since last fall there's links to that here but there continue to be attempts to claim the ERC during the 2023 filing season tax professionals note they continue to be pressured by people wanting to claim credits improperly the IRS office of professional responsibility is working on additional guidance for the tax professional community that will be available in the near future now again obviously a lot of these changes people are hearing a lot of things and they're saying hey all the people are getting this money from these changes in the tax code because of all the changes in the tax code that puts a lot of pressure on tax preparers who are trying to keep up with the tax law which is quite difficult because of the amount of tax law changes and the complexity with the laws and the fact that there's going to be bugs in them they haven't been worked out over a long period of time as tax law typically should be laid out over a longer period of time you would think so we got that issue so people and businesses can avoid the scheme and by not filing improper claims on the in the first place so if business filed an income tax return deducting qualified wages before it filed an employment tax return claiming the credits the business should file an amended income tax return to correct any overstated wage deductions okay so businesses should be cautious of advertising schemes and direct solicitations promoting tax savings that are that are too good to be true I think some of this also kind of comes from the idea that the IRS was going to have these types of policies meaning they're going to give money out first and then later on they're going to account for it on on the tax return so you've got these advanced credit payments that that this idea that they kind of expanded on a lot over the last few years you see it with the advanced child tax credit the stimulus payments were advanced payments they've got it with the insurance type of stuff and some of this taxes were similar kind of thing with the payroll taxes in some cases where you might be able to you know claim the credit before you file the return and what not that if there was going to be corrupt people that there's going to be corrupt people right if there are scammers out there then of course they can easily construct a scam you would think in those scenarios where they advertise that you're going to get this money and you do get the money because you got it in advance but you had a claim that was over extended and then when it when they when they have to actually file the return to claim the fact that they got an advanced payment that the scammers gone you know you would think that would be a typical kind of scam in a situation where you have this money flowing out in advance kind of payments so in any case some people might be kind of stuck in a situation at this point in time where they where they might have taken advanced money over what they should have been able to take because and now and now they've got to deal with that possibly by amending the prior returns because they've they overstated it or whatever is going to happen at that point anyways taxpayers are always responsible for the information reported on their tax returns improperly claiming the ERC could result in taxpayers being required to repay the credit along with penalties and interest so that wouldn't be good what is the ERC the EREC is a refundable tax credit designed for businesses who continued paying employees while shut down to to the COVID-19 pandemic or who had significant declines in gross receipts from March 13, 2020 to December 31, 2021. So you'll recall they did the social distancing thing they shut down a bunch of businesses and then they tried to pay people to keep the employees on the payroll even though you don't need the employees if you shut down the business right so so you've got this weird kind of situation obviously that can get quite complex to have qualifications for you holding on to the employees in order to get the credit and so on and so forth. So eligible taxpayers can claim the ERC on and original or amended employment tax return for a period within those dates. So to be eligible for the ERC employers must have sustained a full or partial suspension of operations due to the orders from a appropriate governmental authority there's a link to that here. Limiting commerce travel or group meetings due to COVID-19 during 2020 or the first three quarters of 2021 experience a significant decline in gross receipts during 2020. There's a link to that here or decline in gross receipts during the first three quarters of 2021 or qualified as a recovery startup business for the third or fourth quarters or 2021. So completely clear as day these rules. I don't see how anyone could have could have gotten a misconception about about that kind of stuff that was ruled out like overnight and like a 24 hour period. How could you that's crystal clear. Any case as a reminder only recovery startup businesses are eligible for the ERC and the fourth quarter of 2021 additionally for any quarter eligible employers cannot claim the ERC on wages that were reported as payroll costs in obtaining PPP loan forgiveness or that were used to claim certain other tax credits. Now this is the other thing that got all messy because you've had these PPP loans which are called a loan. But if you were in compliance with the PPP loan then you might be able to forgive the loan. So then you've got these issues that do the PPP loan count as income if the loan was forgiven. And if you take the PPP loan which required you to hold on or pay some portion of payroll. Can you also double dip by getting some kind of advantage from the ERC even though you also got the PPP. So it's not but it's not confusing. If you messed it up. That's because you know you that's your fault. Anyways to report tax related illegal activities related to ERC claims submit by fax or mail a completed form one four two four two reports suspected abusive tax promotions or preparers there's a link to that here and any supporting materials to the IRS lead development center in the office of promoter investigations. So there's a mailing address here if you need that there'll be a link to this so you can check it out if you so choose the employers should also report instances of fraud and IRS related phishing attempts to the IRS at there's a phishing email phishing at irs.gov and Treasury Inspector General Tax Administration. There's a number here that you can call go to irs.gov to learn more about eligible requirements and how to claim the employee retention credit for qualified wages paid after March 12 2020 and before January 1st 2021 you've got notice 2021-20 2021-49 and revenue procedure 2021-33 for quarters wages paid after December 31st 2020 and before July 1st 2021 you've got other set of notices and revenue procedures for the quarter paid after June 30th 2021 and before October 1st 2021 you've got another set of notices and procedures and then for the quarter of wages after September 30th 2021 and before January 1st 2022 you've got another set of notices. So I mean all the material is here people all the material is here there's no excuse for for for messing this thing up so don't give me don't give me that look at all this stuff it's right there additional information if that wasn't enough we have more information there's the employee retention credit 2020 versus 2021 comparison chart. We've got the form 941-X instructions April 2022 revision for use in conjunction with form 941 instructions for relevant calendar quarter you got the form 941 instructions for December 2021 revision you got the form 941 instructions 2020 revision you got the form 943-943-X 944-944-X CT1 and CT1 X instructions all that stuff's here so just you know glance so you know to give it a read give the stuff a read for crying out loud and there'll be links to that here and there'll be a link to this in the description.


Mae'r rhaid i chi'n gweithio i'r gweithio y Llyfrgell, i'n gweithio ar y cyfnod CVA 8, yn Caergyn Capman Dŵr i'r lluniau. Yn gyfrifio'r Prif Weiniddyll, yn ddod i chi, mae'n gweithio i'n gweithio i'n gweithio. Mae'n gweithio i'r cyfnod yng nghymru ac mae'n gweithio ar gyfer y cyfrifio yng Nghymru, ar gyfer y gweithio'r gweithio. I wish I had been there even during the traffic jam to see the diverse ways in which people here have been adapting to the challenges of climate change. Let me also say thank you to our partners who have jointly organised this meeting. Clean energy in a pool, BCAS, and my wonderful colleagues at IID, led by Selimal Hook, who inspires us all and who has inspired many volunteers to work for nothing over the last few days and weeks. You can see how broad the constituency now is that understands community-based adaptation if you look around the hall. We've had more than 400 people here from more than 60 countries, and if you look at the balance of the co-sponsors to CVA-8, can I say thank you very much to all of you, we deeply appreciate your support, and we look forward to seeing your names on the balance at CVA-9, CVA-10, CVA-11 and so on as we go forward. My own understanding of adaptation and resilience draws very much from following over the last 35 years the process of change in a small village in Mali, West Africa. Over that period, half a generation or more, they've been dealing with drought, managing scarce water, growing different crops and diversifying livelihoods. It's given me a fundamental respect for the knowledge, innovation and capacity that you find at field level in village communities across the world. It's also taught me that national and local governments can make a big difference to that local capacity when they recognise and support that local knowledge and that means to continue to have that innovation capacity based at that local level. I also second the suggestion that we heard from our colleague from Burkina Faso, Mamadou Hanadia, that we draw further from the experience of that French-speaking Syginian region and maybe we can do that in CVA-9. We're really fortunate to have here a tremendous global leader, Christiana Fagreres. Thank you very much for coming, Christiana. I know you're hugely busy, but it means a lot to have you here as a leader, as a woman. You inspire me and I know that you inspire us all to do more, to do our best and to push ourselves harder at this time of huge challenge. Some of us had the pleasure of listening to you at lunchtime yesterday. You told us yesterday that 2014 was a truly key year if we are to get a strong, workable global agreement in 2015 in Paris. Well, 2014 started well in Britain and Europe because we had very, very heavy rain and big floods. Many English people had their first experience of dealing with what happens when weather goes from average to extraordinary. And it brought big disruption to transport, to housing, to energy, the whole variety of aspects of life, their worlds, which are not so done. And in the UK we learnt the importance of community solidarity. We saw the limits of government support and we learnt about the importance of ecosystem adaptation and management to reduce vulnerability. I hope this experience, this direct, personal experience, stays in people's minds as our governments get stuck into the negotiation process for the 2015 climate agreement. There's been increasing emphasis and I know that there's been discussion of that over the last two, three days. Increasing emphasis on the vital role of the private sector in providing resources and in finding solutions to many of the problems we face. And I am all for being open-minded about new ways of doing things. But in the case of the UK floods earlier this year, the private sector did not magically appear with either the resources or the solutions. It was the publicly funded emergency services and community solidarity that did the job. And it was public tax revenue that helped rebuild the damage. Insurance companies, for example, now only in me provide high flood risk areas and cover because of a government imposed levy on all insurance companies, on all insurance contracts. So I think we need honesty, balance and realism about the role of the private sector in addressing adaptation to climate change. Let's not forget the rights and responsibility of government and local and national to support and frame the adaptation challenge. At IRD we've been testing out and learning from local systems for planning and financing the building of resilience to climate change. And what we've learned, whether from urban or from rural areas, is that it's not just the amount of money available, but 50% of the adaptation of the Green Final Fund to adaptation would be great. It's not just the amount, but also how the funds are managed and delivered. It's about reversing power and decision making and recognising local people have huge untaught knowledge, skills and innovation capacity. We urgently need to reverse the concentration of money, power and knowledge in our world today. We need that global power shift. We need to show that CVA is possible. It can work. I take great heart from the CVA constituency, part of which is represented here. It's big, it could be bigger, it's noisy and it could be noisier and it has knowledge. It needs to use that knowledge and power in this vital year of 2014. The Cabinet do the declaration is a great tool. Let's use it. Let's also listen to Cristiana very carefully. We don't have time to wait. Let's think hard about how we can all contribute through our words and our action. So that 2014 can indeed fulfil its promise as the vital year that leads us to a fairer, more sustainable world. I look forward to seeing all of you in Kenya next year. Thank you very much.


I think so often the hallmark of the work that I admired for so many years was always about just radical simplicity and, you know, distilling ideas down to the essence of what the idea is, whether that was Mac vs. PC, the beauty of Think Different, or the amazing silhouette's work for so many years. Historically, there might have been some polarizing perspectives around the idea of product demonstrations, whether it's like an impomercial or something that's sort of low-rent advertising. I've just felt like there's an honesty in demonstrations, and if you do it right, it's sort of like you can't argue the facts. You have to have that truthfulness. It has to be something where everybody feels that it's authentic and it's real, and there is nothing in the way. And if you can take that honesty and you marry it with art or you marry it with emotion, I think you're onto something that's really special. And I think that's what, for example, Shot on iPhone as a campaign has done historically. A whiteboarder shot on iPhone didn't feel like a tagline, and it was just beautiful. It was beauty plus honesty. The evolution of Shot on iPhone has been keeping that same honesty, but then trying to mix that with emotion, to mix that with storytelling, and obviously create something that you're like, I cannot believe that that was shot on an iPhone. The first time that Shot on iPhone started to move it towards storytelling, and it was Michele Gondry who shot a little film called Detour in 2017, and what's followed from that is that device in the hands of some of the most amazing artistic storytellers in the world, whether it's Damien Chazelle, Catherine Bigelow, Lulu Wang, Jason Reitman. Our approach has always been not only are we showing this emotional and beautiful output, but also it's about showing how you can get the very most out of your device. So that it feels attainable. It was that same philosophy of the honesty of a demonstration mixed with a vibe and emotion that got us to behind the Mac.  Everything that was part of that campaign was found, existed. And so it was like, well, we don't have to make anything up. We just have to demonstrate that the Mac is center to those who are thinking creatively in different ways to change the world. And so we just, again, got out of the way and tried to just demonstrate that this is something that is happening. This is already what the Mac is doing in the lives of these brilliant creative thinkers. You tie those beautiful creative thinkers with everyday individuals, again, who are using the Mac to make a difference in their lives. And you're onto something that's, again, honest, honesty mixed with emotion and mixed with beauty. What we have tried to do historically with AirPods has been, in a similar fashion, have just tried to be really specific and really precise in how we show what it might feel like to have a pair of AirPods in your ear.


Hello everybody! In this video, I'm going to show you how to turn on a computer remotely with a smartphone. I think each of us had this idea at least once in a while. What if you could turn a computer on in a different way? Can you do it with a smartphone? Your Windows operating system offers an option to schedule when exactly your computer turns on. But in this video, I'll show you how to wake your PC by Wi-Fi with an Android smartphone and how to turn on a computer remotely even if you're far away. Hello friends! If you need to recover deleted data, view or restore removed browser history – Hetman Software products will help you. Follow the link in the description. Download the necessary program for free. Install it and analyze the disk. The utility will show you the data you can recover, so you will be able to view it or get it back. In our channel and blog, you will find solutions to any problem from installing an operating system or configuring it to fixing possible bugs and errors or optimizing mobile gadgets. Our specialists will answer any questions you ask in your comments under the videos or articles. First of all, let's explore how a computer can be turned on from a smartphone connected to the same network. Let's start with configuring the network adapter in BIOS. The steps may differ a bit depending on a specific computer model, but the settings you need to go through are more or less the same. In BIOS, you need to configure the option Wake on Land. It makes sure that power is supplied to the network adapter all the time. The adapter examines all the received data packets and turns on the computer when it sees a packet which says it's time to do it. To make the whole system work, you need a motherboard supporting this feature and a smartphone with Wake on Land application or similar software. Alright, power on the computer and access BIOS. Usually, you can do it by holding the Delete button while the computer is booting. For an option with the name like Wake on Land, power on by PME device, power on by Ethernet card and now you can see all possible names on the screen. In my case, it is LAN power on. If you are using a discrete network adapter, activate the option Power on by PCI Express devices. Enable it. Press Escape. Save changes and accept. Then save the changes and leave BIOS or press F10. Now you need to download the Wake on Land application to your phone. I'll leave the link under the video. But there are many similar apps out there, so feel free to choose a different one if you want. The app is quite easy to use. Just connect the smartphone to your network by Wi-Fi and make sure that the computer is also connected to the same network. In the application window, tap plus to add and swipe down to search for any devices in this network or type the address manually. If there are several computers connected to a network, try to find the one you need by disconnecting their cables from the router or just disconnecting them from the network. Search for devices in the app, remember what devices were detected and then reconnect the computer to the network and search again. The new device will be the computer you are looking for. Select it from the list. You can find the MAC address of a computer in Windows by opening the Run window and entering the command MS Info 32. On the right, you can see the information on all network adapters working with this computer, including their MAC addresses. Select it from the list of devices in the application on your phone. You can give it a nickname and select color. Add device. Now it appears on the list of available devices. That's all. Now all it takes is to tap this device on your phone and the command to wake up will be sent to the computer, so it will turn on again. If the computer doesn't respond to the command, try updating its network adapter drivers. If it doesn't help either, disable Fast Startup. To do it, open Control Panel, Power Options, choose what the power buttons do, change settings that are currently unavailable, uncheck the box for Turn On Fast Startup. If the Wake Online function is configured on your PC, you'll be able to turn it on even remotely when your phone works with a different network and is far away from the actual computer. You can do it with the help of the well-known utility TeamViewer. Previously, I've already covered this product in one of my videos, so I'll leave the link in the description below. To be able to wake up a computer remotely, TeamViewer should be configured so that such a computer could be wakened with its public IP address. For security reasons, to make sure that you are the only person who can turn on the computer in such a way, you should link it to your TeamViewer account. Here is how you can do it. Start TeamViewer on your computer. In the main menu, select Express Options. Go to the category General. In the section Account Assignment, click the Assign to Account button. The Assign to Account window will open. Type your mail address and password. Click the Assign button. Congratulations, you have just linked the computer to your TeamViewer account. In addition to the settings, you also need to configure port forwarding on your router. Follow the link in the description to learn more about forwarding and watch a detailed video on this topic. If the computer doesn't have a public address, you can also wake it from another computer via the local network. These computers should be powered on, and TeamViewer should be installed and configured to start with Windows. In this case, you'll be able to turn on wake on LAN options through the local network. To do it, you need to enter TeamViewer ID for the computer, which will be used to wake up your PC. This way, the signal will be sent through a certain computer and to the computer, which you want to wake up. In the main menu, click Express Options General. Go to Network Settings, wake on LAN, and click the Configure button. Here, check the box for other TeamViewer within your local network. In the TeamViewer ID field, type the ID for the computer, which should be the one sending the signal to wake up. Then click the Add button. OK. Now the computer can wake up with the help of a saved TeamViewer ID. To wake up the computer, open TeamViewer, sign in to your TeamViewer account, and go to Computers and Contacts list. Select the computer you want to wake up and right-click on it, then choose Wake up. The computer will turn on and appear both in the network and on the Computers and Contacts list. And that is all for now. Hopefully, this video was useful. Remember to click the Like button and subscribe to our channel. Hit the bell button to receive notifications and never miss new videos. Good comments to ask questions. Thank you for watching and good luck.


So our next talk is linear structure, implications to crypt analysis of round the reduced K check by in Chinese Guo Jian, Liu Meicheng, Song Lin. So our speaker is the Meicheng. We talk about a list of action and with the application to the privacy of non-reduced to check. Malense is Meicheng Liu. This is the geoworker with Jian Guo and Lin Song. First, Jian and Lin have this platform. This platform contains four parts. First, I will give you some introduction and then I will show what is the linear structure. And then we show the two applications of the linear structure. Let me give some introduction to the action function. I will now, the action function is a map, function map adapt into the bit with a swelling with a fixed size. And then under this hash function you have to surpass three properties. The first one is collision or resistance. The second one is the pretty major collision. And the third one is the second pretty major resistance. When all the stress rate hash function condition is from the 2007 to the 2012. And then in 2012, you check when the condition. There is an official web stat of the good check. In the web stat, we can find every current latency to on the web stat and we can also find the representation of the good check. In last year, Niston asked that the SHA-3 have been to a harshing standard. The SHA-3 contained six versions. The first four versions it almost stands as the good check or good check two to four, good check two five six, good check three, three eight four, good check five, five one two. And there are another two versions including the SHA-1 to eight and the SHA-2 five six. These two versions are a term for output fractions. I will really explain what it is. These six versions, later, they are the four members of the good check team. There is a brief application of the good check. There is a good check used to sponge, sponge, sponge to contractions. The sponge contractions contains two parts. The first part is absorbing and the second one is squeezing. The message is divided into N parts, P1, T0, P1, PI, each part. For example, PI has an I bit, but the F here is a preparation. The F is a preparation on three parts, PI bit. So, in the future, the three bit is competitive. Competitive is fixed for, in the first run, the three and the PI bit are fixed to zero, but up first block, the first block P1, is S of the one, then and so on. This is the absorbing phase. Then, but in the output, H there is output, I bit, until all the output is needed, then, for example, if we want to output L bit, then if L is bigger than I, then we will, we need to, we need I divided, L divided, divided I blocks, in case the L is less than I, then we just need one block, the first I bit of the first block. The project, project used a designer, project F preparation. So, the preparation F has 24 runs, and it, it wrapes 1,000 under 16 bit to 1,000 under 16 bit. It, each run has five steps. The only, no, no, no linear operation is K, and they are the purpose of the six versions of the SHA-3 function. For example, SHA-3 are beautiful, the I cross the, as I show in the table, I cross the 1,000 under 152. So, compared to this thing, it, it tries, it tries of the output length, but it, it's not all the case. In, in the design, the thing much, much larger than the trust of the labor, the particular labor. For example, for example, in, in the bottom of the table, if, if L equals to, equals to 256, then the capacity, then the, if the L equals to, equals to 50, if L is, if L equals to, equal to 412, then the security level of the collision if 250, 256, then see a master large term, larger than, double of the 250, 256, so, in here. SHA-100, 200, and the 50, 50, 6, 3 equals to 1, 200, 450. Now, let, let us, let us show what is the new structure of the K-check application. Some, no, no, it takes a based on the, this, the technology of the, the, the larger of one round K-check application. For, for example, zero sum, if, if you question, and the people take lack of capacity of the kids around of the K-check. We found that two of, of, on three rounds, K-check African became a linearized. In the first step, we used the one plus one, and then, in this case, the, the freedom, that the degree of freedom is 412. In the second test, we used the one plus two, tough. In this case, the, the, the degrees of the freedom is 100, 19, 4, in our, to mountain a pre-major attack. We often use the, the, the first test. That means, use the one plus one test. The reason is that we can use the large, large linear space. Okay, let us show the detail of the K-check application. The K-check application contains the five steps. The first step is theta. In the theta which are theta, or in the theta step, each, each bit was, was summed to 11 bit to one bit. If, if three equals, if we impose the three equals zero or constant, then, then D equals zero or constant. Then, A, after the first step, after the step theta, A, X, Y, if we, we cross the A, X, Y, or constant. Then, in this case, after the three steps, including high low, as I'm showing you this last, A just sticks, just sticks of the words. And then, pay just a calculation of the words. Then, it does not, it does not subtraction the bits. You know, if, if we just read some A, X, Y, B, some variables, we impose the, we impose the three X equals to a constant of zero. Then, after the first steps, then, if each of the first steps, the output of the first step will be a single linear, will be a, will be a single variable or a variable past constant. But, I'm showing the slides. The K, the K step is a nonlinear. The K step is just a degree two, just a, just a, and here, the, the not just step, you, you're just a, plus a, plus a, X, O, a constant. This constant does not affect our text. There's a discussion about the, the detail of the, our, our linear of the, the structure. First, we will keep one, one, one, forward of the linear. We will keep one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one, one. I'll show you in the future. We, we, we impose, impose the, of variables just for in the yield, the end. And we impose that each column of the yield part is sum to a constant of zero. Then, after theta, the, the variables cannot, cannot affect the other, the, the other piece. So, I'm a theta, I'm showing the picture is the same. But, after the step low and high, we can show that the inflation of the, these two steps. Namely, every, every two, every two, every two bits in the same low, just in those levels. So, after the step k is real linear. I will show you in this, in the step k, it's just b x, b x plus one, and b plus x plus two. So, x one, x, x plus one, x plus x plus two. They are levels, but in the third one, in the third areas, each, each, each, each two variables in one low are not levels. So, after the step k, they are not, they are linear. In this case, after one run forward, you know that the input, the output of the one, every bits of the output are linear on the input. Now, we, we show how to keep the one run backward linear. We just linearize the inverse of the k. We use the, we use this preparation of the inverse of k so that the nth of the inverse k can be such as equation one. If we impose the p3 equals zero, p4 equals one, then we have this, this five equations. I show you the equations, we can see that all the a are linear on p1, p0, and p2. That means that if p3 equals p1, and p4 equals one, and if the p2, and p1, it takes p1 in any constant, then h bar degree of the inverse k becomes. So, I'm showing the future, the first error of the future. The last column are composed to p4, and the first column composed to this way, we impose the, the, the great part, the, the last column refers to all the ones, and this way of the all, there was, then in, at the discussion, if we inverse the, inverse this, this step, then the, the inverse of k is linear on this step. So, one one, for one backward, it's the linear. So, to get together with this two parts, we can keep one part one, one in the linear. Let me show you how to keep in one part two, one in the linear. This slide, we need to impose the first, the input of the, of the step k to be the sum of each column to be constant, or in, in, in this case, we need to impose it to be, for first, for example, the first column near to be all one, or all, yes, all zeroes, and the, the, the third column near to be all ones, each, each length of the, of, in this picture are linear, variables. Then we have 10, 60, thinking, thinking for, I think for variables, but we need to fit up step of, in the first one, we need to fit up two times six, four equations. In, in the third one, we need to, in the third, in the third one, we need to impose the equation, is the, the sum of this column to be any constant. This column two, yeah, five columns. Other, other way, we impose this equation, linear equation. Then, the nonlinear, the, the variables in no change. So, then with, with what is that constant? And the yellow or orange are just linear. So, after the second line of low and high is just changing. I'll show you in the future, we can, we can see that in every, every low, the variables of the linear part are not levels. So, after the circumference is still linear. So, we have 10 times, times six, 34, we need to fit up two times 64 equations in the first step, and the five times 64 in the second step. So, totally, we have a low, seven times 64 equations then we, they, they have leave three times 34, 34 degrees. But after we serve the, the total equations, we have found that there are two equations are linear, depending on the other equation. So, the total, the weight of the freedom is 100 and the same at 194. For the case, for the keep the one, one backwards in linear is same as the one, part one, one, which showing a, this column are all zero, this column are all ones, and this just constant for the one, one, backwards is still linear. Now, let me show you the, the first application of the linear structure, the zero-strand integration on KJF, this is just the input sum to zero and the output sum to zero is true. The provision, no zero-strand integration can benefit this two. Now, we can use this step. For this step, just one, one, one for three. In backward or in forward. Now, we can use these two steps. We can use the first one, one in backward and forward. We can also use the one on backward and two on forward. That means we can just, we can improve the previous result without increasing the capacity by two runs, it releases our data here. For example, for 11 runs, which our distribution are practical. For 12 runs, our distribution is tomorrow, then true to 100 on the track in the 28. This is useful, this is interesting because for the 12 run KJF provision or KJF three-compact provision is used in KF on KJF. But this is just the distribution on the provision. Which just here, our distribution does not affect the criteria of these two samples. Now, we will show the second application. Three major attacks. We just leave a example on the check 128. First, we can leave it at two runs, I'll show it before. And we have five to the 12 variables and use the one part of one part. In addition, we can use this two runs, the new instruction to impose the steps, compose a legal message. Then we lose the, we will lose the, the compatibility is two, five, six, and six, six padding for padding. So we lose the 200 and take it to new instruction. I mean, equations. Now we leave, we are left 250 free variables. We will use this structure to mount from three major attacks, three run. For three run, we just use two runs and then we will use the linear structure of KJF and three runs. And then we, for the four runs, we use this one. The partition, linear run, linear structure. Then we can use three, three runs. And then we can mount on four runs of text. This will just, this will because this, this was our text, the full text, and we'll draw the picture. For three runs, we, our text are practical on these three variables. For four runs, our text are almost, almost a practical text. Now, in little bit, we are cut down the, the time to practical text. This is some example for the three runs, primary challenge. For one, we just, first we find the, primary with two to be different with the, with the challenge. And little bit, we find that the real, we have, have showed the property of the two, the test operation and the, it's reversed. And we also show the new structure and then show the two applications. So we left three minutes to shift the sessions. So you can go or you are on the questions. Okay, let's thank speaker for this session and they can contact us afterwards. Excuse me, may I see the next two speakers? Please.


This is the animation minute As always it's our jobs industrial light and magic is looking for an animation supervisor gunfire games looking for an animator to join their team The coalition studio is looking for a technical animator while brain is looking for a 3d animators The project sea of stars is looking for a pixel animator Bobby's tweeting it is putting together a core team and he needs an animator Bioware at Electronic Arts is looking for an animator Switching over to news. There's a new Maya in the three trailer and speaking of trailers business in Kanto has a new trailer as well Look at Boba Fett. It's gonna come out soon. And here's a new poster. Yeah Speaking of Star Wars, there's a show called galaxy of sounds on Disney Plus, which is really cool I went through the episodes and if you're sound design nerd, you'll love it Edward is tweeting another awesome thread here as always check these out. These are great. Speaking of great. Look at this So cool Love them man that first one. So cool. Speaking of cool. These are always awesome. Love the details. Look at this cool designs Look at that. This is so cool. This is awesome, too. Look at this So cute, I love it. Here's an awesome sequence and make sure to watch the whole thing It's about 45 seconds long Brian has posted an overview over the max rigs. Very cool. Check it out I always love to the effects. This guy looks creepy. I love how close around the head there Very cool. This is super cool. I love the walk into the run Some fire effects also flies at the end. Make sure to check out the whole thing. Speaking of effects. Look at this It's great. I love 20,000 links. I'm gonna see to actually just watch it over the weekends and pixel art Come on. So check out that game and speaking of pixel art. That is cool, too Fitting for the upcoming Halloween season and last but at least here's a cool trailer for another pixel art game on the Switch and other platforms as well, but I love the look of it. This is absolutely my jam I had to buy it and I can't wait to play it. That is that for the animation minute You'll find it every Monday on my channel at 10 a.m


Today's topic is lifting properties of covering projections. Last time we introduced the concept of covering projection. Check for some basic properties like a covering projection is a local homeomorphism. Therefore, its fibers are all discreet and it shares all the local properties of the base space and the top space are the same. That is what we have seen. Before proceeding with lifting properties, let me take up a few more properties and a bit of example and so on, then come back and go ahead with the lifting properties. So, we had also established that local path connectivity plays a very important role in the study of covering spaces. So, often all authors blanketly assume that the base space is locally path connected to do anything. But just to keep the theory on, we can assume, we don't have to assume that. If you want to do some serious things, we may have to assume that. So, the key was this theorem namely, when you have locally path connected, then you can restrict the covering space to each path component of the top space and yet it will be a covering projection. So, you can study each of them separately and then put them put whatever observation you have made together. So, this is why this theorem is very important. So, this is what we have proved last time. Now, so this is what I have told you. We shall assume that both base and total space as a covering projection are path connected and connected unless specified otherwise or it is clear from the context. When you are discussing some examples and that example itself is not locally path connected, then it is clear that it is not locally path that is all. If we let something and then we are assuming this thing, this you have to make it. This is what I am saying. Now, for example, this covering projection word is used by different people in a different way, slightly different way. So, that is what one has to be careful especially in algebraic geometry. A covering projection is need not be the covering projection the way we understand it, but it is not too far. So, I will give an example. Look at the map C to C, z going to z power n. We have seen that z equal to 0 is a difficulty point. If you throw away that point, then this map C star to C star is a covering projection. On the point z, there is only one point. On every other point, there are finite many points. So, this kind of situation is acceptable to algebraic geometry. So, he allows a number of points, some subset, some curve, some variety on which the given map may not be covering projection. If you throw away that, then the rest of this will be covering projection on a large open set. Such things are called ramified coverings actually because the point z equal to 0 is a ramified point here, ramification point. So, they talk about ramification points and so on, but their covering itself may have ramification. So, they call it as covering projection. When they want to talk about the covering projection in our sense, then they say un ramified covering, there is no ramification. So, the more expressive thing un ramified covering is used for covering projection because covering projection for them is a larger thing which is more often used, that is the point. So, this un ramified covering projection is the word they use for the actual covering position that we use.  You can try them, but I will not use them till you have mastered them. So, take a covering projection. If X is Hausdorff, then X bar will be Hausdorff. It is the other way around here. You know that P from X bar to X is a covering projection, then it is a quotient map. So, under quotient maps, if the top space X bar is Hausdorff, it does not imply that X is Hausdorff. There is a case here also, but suppose you have a finite to one covering projection, then X bar Hausdorff implies X is Hausdorff. If it is an infinite covering, then this is not quite true. So, we will have an example for this one, but if finite, then you should show that X bar is Hausdorff implies X is Hausdorff. This is straightforward point set topological conclusion. So, this example tells you it is R2 minus 00. We have seen this example and there is an action of the infinite cyclic group. The generator takes X comma Y to 1 by 2 comma twice Y. So, more generally the powers of generator will take X comma Y to 1 by 2 power n X comma 2 power n Y. So, these are all equivalence classes now. The quotient map is actually covering projection. So, this happens because we have already introduced the methodology that action could be even action. So, this action happens to be even action. So, this is a covering projection. Only thing is just like in the case of C star to C star that one is at 4 and here we have to throw away that 00. So, 0 is a single class. So, that creates problem. However, after you throw away 00, it is a covering projection all right and this is Hausdorff is also all right because it is a subspace of the Euclidean space. But look at the class of 1 comma 0 and 0 comma 1 in the quotient space X. These things, these two points cannot be separated by disjoint open subsets of X. I think we have seen this one if you have not seen yet you should check this one again. So, it is not Hausdorff all right. So, this previous example is in any case T1 space. So, if it is a T1 space, if it is regular it will be Hausdorff also. So, it is not regular neither normal because normal plus T1 will imply T2. So, it is neither regular nor normal all these things are true in R2 minus 0 being a metric space. But the quotient but this the bottom space fails to be satisfy all these separation properties. And here is an example this also you can do yourself. But when I want to use it I will approve this one. So, take it covering projection take any continuous map. If you have S from X to X bar which is a right inverse to P that means P composite S is identity then you call as a section of P. If we have just this one people also call it section but then it will not be continuous I want continuity because I am doing the collage that is all. So, a section is a continuous right inverse it may not be left inverse all right. So, that is otherwise then it would be then P would be a homomorphism. P is a surjective map. So, this is a left inverse. So, there are lots of synthetic left inverses continuous inverses are difficult to combine. Now, suppose you have a continuous left right inverse that is called a section. Let now X bar be connected X be locally connected or locally path connected. So, I am specifically saying these things here because this for this exercise is important that is all.  So, I am not assuming it is a covering projection. The second part B I am assuming P is a covering projection no horsed offness. Either homomorphism and horsed offness of X bar or just P is a covering projection. Then any section of P like this S here is automatically a homomorphism on to X bar. It just means that it is now left inverse also it is a full inverse. So, P becomes a homomorphism. S is a homomorphism P is a homomorphism. The hint is you show that S x is both open and closed because X bar is connected it must be the whole of X, whole of X bar. All right. Now, let us carry on with lifting properties. Homotopy lifting property if you recall assess that certain maps exist. What are they? What are they? Namely if one map can be lifted out of a homotopy then the whole homotopy can be lifted. That existence of lift means lift means P composite whatever a new map you get is the old map. So, that is what we have we have seen that homotopy lifting property okay and just recalling this. In mathematics there is in a uniqueness whenever your uniqueness result which goes hand in hand with existence result quite often like first order differential equations solutions in a small neighborhood that exist and in a smaller neighborhood it is unique. Such things are always nicer and more much more applicable than just existence theorem okay. Indeed the uniqueness part actually solves actually helps to solve the existence part proving the existence part okay. So, this is the case here also. All right. So, we shall first have this uniqueness result then we will use this uniqueness result to prove the existence of these lifts homotopy liftings okay. So, recall that if f from y to x map and g from y to x bar is a lift of through P means what P composite g is f that is the meaning of lifts. Now, we are always concentrating upon map x bar to x and that is denoted by P okay. So, here is a need theorem take a covering projection now and a connected space y. Take a function f from y to x. Supposed by chance we have two lifts g1 and g2 okay of y to x bar are two lifts of this f and they agree at one point y belong to y g1 y equal to g2 y at one point they coincide then g1 is equal to g2. So, this is exactly similar to the first order differential equation if you specify the initial condition then it is unique. This is like initial criteria at one point they agree then the whole thing agree is just like integration theory okay integrals are are defined up to a constant additive constant right. There is no addition multiplication here at one point they agree continuity is there that is all they already agree. So, the key is that y is connected that is all y is connected of course P has to be a covering projection otherwise for arbitrary spaces this will not work all right arbitrary functions it will not work. So, let us let us do this is proof which is very straightforward look at all points in y at which g1 and g2 coincide that is subset of y it is given that this subset is non-empty there is at least one point right. So, if we show that z is open and closed in y then because of the connectivity y it follows that z is the entire y z is equal to y means g1 will be equal to g2 at all the points of y therefore what we want to prove now is that z is both open and closed. So, take a point y insert that we be an evenly covered open neighborhood of f y in x y is insert f y will be in x and x is covered all points of x x whole thing is covered by evenly covered by P that is why P is a covering projection. So, take a neighborhood which is evenly covered and this neighborhood is neighborhood of f y let u be an open set of x bar mapped homomorphically on to v because v is evenly covered P inverse of v is a disjoint union of open sets each of them comes to v by a homomorphism namely under a pre restriction of P. So, you choose one of them let u be an open subset of x bar mapped homomorphically on to v by P look at g1 of y which is equal to g2 of y it must be in one of these open sets and choose that one to which it belongs to. Now, choose w an open subset of y in y such that g1 and g2 of this w goes inside u because one point is going inside then by continuity this is open set some neighborhood of that point must go there of course I will make it different neighborhoods for g1 and g2 but then I can take the intersection of those two w1 w2 g1 w1 contains a u2 g2 w2 contains a u2 contains a u by continuity of g1 and g2 but now you take w equal to w1 intersection w2 you will get this one. Then look at P g1 of any z equal to fz equal to P g2 of z for every z inside w because P g1 is equal to f equal to P g2 therefore P restricts P sorry P restricts u is an injective mapping it is a homeomorphism P of this one equal to P of these two therefore g1 must be equal to zero to for every z inside w by definition this w is contained inside z by definition w by choice w is a open subset around the single term point whatever point you have taken y so what we have proved is z is open okay if x bar were house door then the set of points where in two functions continuous functions agrees automatically a closed set but we do not want to do that we can do without the assumption that x bar is whole door okay for proving that that the set z is closed take a point that invites a set g1 of z is not equal to z we have to show that this is also open see this is the complement of Z so I want to show that complement is also open now so to show that what do I do let vpn evenly covered open neighborhood of P composite g1 it is equal to P composite g2 g g1 z is not equal to g2 of z but P g1 is equal to P g2 right that is f this equal to f is always the case therefore what is happening is this g1 and g2 g1 z and g2 z they are the same fiber call this as x P inverse of x they belong to okay so we can find open neighborhood ui around this point and this point okay on which P is a homeomorphism and such that intersection is empty because they are in different fibers all that I have to do is I take this point g1 z P of g1 z x and then take a evenly covered neighborhood of that look at the inverse image g1 will be in one of them g1 z and g2 z will be in another one of them two of them are not they are coming to the same point and they cannot be the same open set above of course you get evenly on u2 which are not which are disjoint okay by continuity now g1 and g2 are continuous function you will find a neighborhood w of z such that gi of w is in ui same thing again you can take first different than the intersect okay oh sorry I should not use this cover all right it follows that w is an open neighborhood of z not intersecting that at all because ui are disjoint g1 of any point here will not be equal to g2 of the same point because they will be going to disjoint open half sets here so the entire w is in the complement of z therefore the complement of z is open hence that is closed okay so covering projection is the only thing which is used critically here okay the next step is to prove homotopy lifting property of covering projections for singleton spaces for a singleton space what is the meaning of homotopy we have seen it is a path so this is called path lifting property okay path lifting property for for our covering projections first we prove that one first point wise we will prove then we shall prove it for space wise take a covering projection okay given a path from i to x that is omega and a point x bar in x upper bar x capital x bar such that p of x bar comms to omega 0 this is the starting point it is like initial value condition okay take a point above always points can be lifted right because p is a surjective value okay the starting point you lift it up in x bar then there exists a path say omega twiddle from i to x bar such that p composite omega bar is omega which is lifted the starting point of this omega bar is just with the point which you have chosen x bar okay we have already proved that such a thing will be unique if there is another path omega 1 with the same properties then agreeing at one point then omega 1 equal to omega at all points but we don't know whether this exists but the uniqueness of this will help to prove this one now okay and it is not difficult let's go through this one similar proof like this one we have used several times defines that to be all points inside i okay such that omega bar is defined up to 0 to t omega bar of 0 it has to be this x bar that we have chosen then it is defined up to t means what there is a function 0 t to omega x bar such that p composite that is equal to omega observe that z is a sub interval because why if some point belongs to that 0 to t will belong to that okay so interval and contains 0 0 is already there because x bar is there okay 0 to 0 is just closed interval is is omega is defined already okay now take t0 with the least upper bound of z this exists because after all this z is a subset of the inter closed interval 0 1 and so it is a it is a bounded above let take this one's least upper bound or what is called as the supremum I want to show that t0 itself is inside first thing second thing t0 is actually equal to 1 essentially this is similar to showing that 0 and using that 0 and is is actually an interval namely it is connected but we will hide it and make it easier just use the super existence of supremum and then you have that supremum has to be inside z which is equivalent to showing that z is closed okay and t0 has to be whole of 1 equivalent to showing that z is open okay start with an evenly covered neighborhood of omega t0 up to t0 the map is defined okay up to t0 at t0 t0 is a supremum if you take anything a little smaller than t0 the function is defined now I want to do it at t0 so take a evenly covered neighborhood of omega t0 okay for 0 less than epsilon less than 1 you put this notation namely I am only interested in actually no open interval but I do not know one part may be closed and so on so I will take a close interval no problem epsilon is positive that is good enough 0 less than 1 I epsilon is t0 minus epsilon comma t0 plus epsilon this interval may go out of I right it may be bigger bigger than I and some part so I do not want that so intersect it okay now choose epsilon so that omega this is notation now choose epsilon so that this omega of this I epsilon it is a neighborhood of t0 okay that is contained inside of v v is an open subset containing omega omega t0 omega t0 so by continuity of omega some neighborhood will be contained inside v yes or this is this condition is just omega is continuous now let ui be an open neighborhood of omega bar of t0 minus epsilon by 2 take t0 minus epsilon by 2 just t0 to the left of that that point of omega bar is already defined because t0 is supremum so omega bar makes sense there okay so take this one to be an open neighborhood of this one that is mapped homeomorphically on to v okay because v is evenly covered this must belong to somewhere inverse image of v take that complete that component of this that is my ui here okay ui contains this point put lambda equal to now p inverse of omega okay that is lift off is a lift off this becomes a lift off omega on I epsilon see this is the homeomorphism p restricted to ui to v is homeomorphism so I can take p inverse there okay p inverse is taken on this subset then composite with omega omega composite p inverse so this becomes a continuous function if you take p of this it will be omega therefore this is a lift off omega inside the whole of I epsilon because this whole of I epsilon is contained inside v omega of that one is contained f for omega of I epsilon p inverse makes sense now look at lambda of t0 minus epsilon by 2 okay which is by definition omega of t0 minus epsilon by 2 okay this is already there up to there we have the path already therefore by the uniqueness theorem this lambda t must be put omega bar of t for every t inside this one this omega bar is already defined now I have got lambda they both of them agree at one point so in this neighbor in this whole interval which they connected subset will be it will be what it will be unique so lambda t must be put omega bar therefore omega bar can be extended from all the way from 0 to t0 plus epsilon this must be plus epsilon by 2 that is the type of here t0 plus epsilon by 2 okay so therefore two lifts can be patched up that means omega bar can be lifted up to 0 to t0 plus epsilon by intersection I if this epsilon is still less than one then what you have shown is some point t0 plus epsilon is already inside z but t0 was supremum therefore this t0 plus this epsilon intersection this one is just to 0 to t0 so this just means that t0 is equal to one and t0 belongs to that simultaneously t0 less than one will contradict will contradict the definition of t0 that it is supremum so t0 must be one and once it is there omega is defined up to there so it is over oh let us stop here and the true lifting property will be done next time thank you