Aphasia is a language disorder caused by damage to the brain due to stroke or other trauma. It can impair speech, reading, writing, and comprehension of spoken and written words. There are no effective treatments for aphasia, but recent research suggests that certain types of non-invasive brain stimulation may help improve language functioning. These include transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS, and transcranial direct current stimulation, TDCS. TMS uses electromagnetic pulses to stimulate the brain, while TDCS uses weak electric currents to stimulate the brain. Both methods have been shown to increase connectivity between brain regions involved in language processing, leading to improved language performance. However, more research is needed to determine how best to use these techniques to treat aphasia. This article was authored by Fazaila Esan, Nazia Muntaz, and Gulam Sakulin.


This season's greatest show on turf is coming to the big screen, Hard Knocks is back with an in-season edition, and it's going to be the Miami Dolphins this year. It's the perfect choice. Mike McDaniel himself is a walking soundbite. The excitement of Tua, Tyree, this offense. Don't even get me started on Braxton Berrios and Alex Earl, and they're right in the middle of a loaded AFC playoff race. It premieres November 21st. I can't wait.


In the southwest Pacific, General MacArthur leads combined sea, air and land forces against the Admiralty Island just north of New Guinea. A shattering naval bombardment covers the landing as the general observes the action from the flagship. Using little initial resistance, U.S. cavalrymen trained to fight his infantry storm the beach. Landing eight hours after the invasion, General MacArthur inspects American positions and congratulates his crew as the occupation of the island is completed. This is the pattern of war in the Pacific, another victory that puts the allied forces one step nearer to Tokyo.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com coming at you with a box of 2023 Topps Chrome Black Baseball. This is random team break number two. Multiple things happening here. First of all, we're giving away seven extra spots within that black break. Then we'll do the break itself. That's the second dice roll and the third and final dice roll will be giving away the remaining teams in a full case break of Topps Chrome Black. That's coming up right after this video. So big thanks to this group right here for making it happen. So we only ended up selling 23 spots outright. We're going to give away seven spots. We're going to roll it. We're going to randomize it four and a one five times. Topps seven after five. Good luck. One, two, three, four and five. After five, Adam Chad, A. Shams, Adam, Josh and Adam, and Nancy, Topps seven after five are getting extra spots in the box break.  Now let's gather your names again. No combos in the baseball teams. Let's put everyone's names there. Second dice roll, three and a one, four times. Names and teams. One, two, three and four. So everybody here and then three and a one, four times for the teams. One, two, three and four. Tigers down to Padres. All right. There's the first half of the list. No trades in these filler breaks. And here's the second half of the list right there, alphabetized by team. Looks like Rams are holding strong after the commanders get it to like the what one two yard line. Penalties push them back. They're back up front. Five penalties and now it's second in goal. So big thanks to this group for making it happen. Once again, appreciate you. 2023 Topps Chrome Black. Let's see what we got. There should be a pack and an encased card, so that's the pack first. Really like that design. So you're on Alvarez and Brayden Shoemake, you're on 12 out of 75. Stroze that's going to be for Nancy. Sharp look, sharp look. All right. Now let's see what we got here. Good luck everybody. It is looks like a hitter. Red Jersey, Spencer Stier, Rookie Otto, Spencer Stier, who had a, who had a nice, a nice night. Nice season that is. Since any reds. Ryan Bartow with that one. Tristan, what's going on YouTube on Sunday, just for tonight, the holiday schedule is going to be a little weird. We're just going to be kind of bouncing around. So we appreciate everybody trying to keep up with it. Okay. So congrats to Ryan for getting up for the reds. Got that nice auto Spencer Stier and a nice season.  Topps Chrome Black. Great. Third and final dice roll. So it's going to be top 10 after a 10, top 10 after 10, four and a six, 10 times. Good luck. One. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine and 10th and final time. All right. So sad times Adam. You got very close, but no cigar. Thanks everybody. 11 through 30 for giving it a shot, but only the top 10 can get in. Josh, you're in. Kevin, Ashams, Adam, Anthony, Mark, Ashams, Chad, Eric and Adam. That's the top 10 after 10. You've got teams. Here are the teams you're going to get right here. So Adam, you got the Phillies, Eric with the Tigers, Chad with the Royals, Ashams with A with the A's, Mark with the Blue Jays, Anthony with the Rockies, Adam with the Astros, Ashams with the Twins, Kevin with the Nets and Josh with the Giants. There you go. We'll see you in the next video for the break itself, jaskyscasebreaks.com. Okay.


Good day, fellow investors. Dr. Michael Burry, famous from the movie The Big Short, the guy that predicted the mortgage crisis, maybe a lot of money on it, is out with a new prediction comparing the current index fund investment bubble with the 2007-2000 mortgage collateralized debt obligation bubble. He sees the same forces going on and he sees the same ending. So we are in for an index fund meltdown. When it will happen, he doesn't know, but in this video I want to explain what is he saying, what did he say in this Bloomberg interview. I want to give you the details, so the fundamentals, the facts, so that you can make your own decision about what to do and how to invest for your long-term financial benefits in this environment where there is a big risk of a complete stock market index fund crash. Let's start. By going through Dr. Burry's comments, we are going to explain the flood of money going into index funds and ETFs, the passing investing vehicles, the absence of price discovery, liquidity risk and how this can end badly and what you can do about it. I'll give you some simple solutions. Lifelong investing is about common sense after all and I'll give solutions both for the passive investor and the aggressive investor. So let's see Dr. Burry's comments to quote him. The recent flood of money into index funds has parallels with the pre-2008 bubble in collateralized debt obligations, the complex securities that almost destroyed the global financial system. Burry, who made a fortune betting against CDOs before the crisis, said index funds inflows are now distorting prices for stocks and bonds in much the same way that CDO purchases did for subprime mortgages more than a decade ago. The flows will reverse at some point and it will be ugly. Like most bubbles, the longer it goes on, the worse the crash will be. And what we have to understand is the flow or how he calls it the flood of money. Whenever money goes into just one thing, it creates a bubble and we all know how bubbles end, bubbles end badly. Let me explain the facts, the fundamentals between this flood of money going into index funds. Index funds are a new creation, have been around for just 40-50 years and what you will see now is staggering. Just take a look at Vanguard's assets under management. You have Street Capital Advisor, BlackRock, so you have a lot of these low-cost index firms. Assets under management in the 1990s were just 55 billion, now those are at 5 trillion. So what's that? A hundred times increase. That's huge and all of those assets are piled without thinking into certain asset classes. If we look at something even more important, let's look at the annual total flows for equity and fixed income passive investment vehicles from Bloomberg. You can see that in the past 18 years there hasn't been any negative flow of money. So if for 18 years money keeps flowing in, in, in, in, in and 18 times in, it means that simply there is no price discovery, there no, nothing matters. It's just automatically piled into these vehicles and these vehicles consequently push the relevant asset prices higher and higher, which creates a bubble. We've seen the Vanguard chart, it's staggering. We see the flows of funds, it's again staggering. And all these funds for the past 30 years went mostly into U.S. equities and bonds. We can see that all those passive income funds go into U.S. securities and the rest of the world is a little bit, let's say, on the sides. So this is the bubble, United States of America passive investing because Nobel prices said it's the best investment because of course we are a herd, we behave like a herd. We always look for confirmation before we do something from the herd and now that the SAP 500 is at 3,000 points, now it is the best investment. It wasn't a good investment when it was at 660.66 I think in the deaths of the 2009 crisis. And if you look at the flows, those flows were very low around 2009, now those are higher, higher and higher. Now that the SAP 500 has tripled or even quadrupled, now the flows rush into this and the more money goes into this, the bigger is the bubble and the harder will be the crash. Why is money going into index funds? Well, Dr. Burry says that capital flows based on Nobel approved models of risk that proved untrue. Here he comes back to the efficient market theory that whatever the price on the market is, it's the right price because the market implements all information and supply and demand gives the right price. Due to the inflow of money, simply blindly buying index funds without thinking what you are buying, this price keeps going, going up, up and up and it starts to become irrational as in any bubble. High prices, irrational prices not based on fundamentals or any opinion or thinking creates bubbles, irrationality. Irrationality destroys the Nobel Prize models on efficient market theory and you have something that goes all over on, on and on with human history, especially thanks to now lower interest rate and free money. So we have these index funds that are perfectly structured. So this structured asset play in the same story again and again. So easy to sell. It's easy to sell an index fund low cost. It had done extremely well over the past 35 years since inception of these index funds. Everybody is happy that owned index funds. Therefore, it's really easy to sell them. More money comes in. Thus, it's a self-fulfilling prophecy as the technical machinery kicks in. All those money managers market lower fees for indexes, passive products, but they are not fools. They make up for it in scale and we have seen what Vanguard did. So they are promoting it no matter what the price is. They make it up in scale. They have lowered fees but they have 100 times the scale they had 30 years ago. Potentially making it worse will be the impossibility of unwinding the derivatives and naked buy-sell strategies used to help so many of these funds pseudo match flows and prices each and every day. So these ETFs match the price of the underlying security but using derivatives and naked buy-sell strategies. Naked means unprotected. If the flow turns, it gets ugly. This fundamental concept is the same one that resulted in the market meltdowns in 2008. However, I just don't know what the timeline will be. Like most bubbles, the longer it goes on, the worse the crash will be. Nobody cares about price. When things are going well and more and more money is piling in, interest rates, everybody pushes them for interest rates to be low. Trump is urging for lower interest rates. DCB is lowering them. But those lower interest rates make everybody party, everybody happy and that's good until things go well. There is a great cartoon from Carl Eichen from a few years ago that the low interest rate party bus, the index fund bubble, makes everybody feel good but it's going to crash not on Vanguard, also on Vanguard but on a big black rock. So at some point the thing is that when those funds revert their flows, the exit door will be minimal. With so much money in the system, nobody cares about price. So before explaining what happens when these funds of flows revert and people start selling, the exit door is small, let's discuss price discovery. What does it mean to buy something based on price? And this is the difference between the passive investor and the active thinking, common sense investor. I don't know how to say it differently. If you think, you look at price, you're asking yourself, okay, what am I buying? 98% of passive investors or all passive investors don't care what they are buying, what's the price of it in relation to the value, just I buy it because that's what the noble prices say and it will end ugly for them because whenever you have someone that's not thinking, you know how that ends. So about price discovery, over the last 45 years we have practically been living in just one part of the normal cycle, part where interest rates go down, down and down, interest rates going down, free money, more money, money printing, we've seen again, ECB printing, printing, printing and everybody feels well until things change. So central banks and Basel free have more or less removed price discovery from credit markets, meaning risk does not have an accurate pricing mechanism in interest rates anymore. And now passive investing has removed price discovery from equity markets, the simple thesis and the models that get people into sector factors, indexes or ETFs and mutual funds mimicking those strategies. These do not require the security level analysis that is required for Q through price discovery. Let me show you what we are buying. What is price discovery? This is the SAP 500 earnings yield. When you invest in something over the long term, if you're an investor, if you buy businesses, your long-term investment return will be perfectly correlated with the underlying earnings of the business. So if the business does well, your investment will do well. But the underlying earnings of a business is what nobody cares about now. If we go back to this yield, everybody says yes, index funds did 11% over the last 35 years. They destroyed everything else every other asset class. Correct. Earnings yield of the SAP 500 in the 1980s from where when everybody's measuring it was 14%. So everybody that invested in index funds in 1980 should have reached 14% return. They didn't. They reached 11%. Okay, maybe with a little bit of dividends, a little bit higher. But now earnings, the earnings yield is just 4%. So nobody can tell me that it is the same mechanics, the same efficiency behind those markets. Those that invest now might hope for 4%. Those that invested in the 1980s got 15%. And that's the price discovery difference. If we look at risk, this from a Pabrai presentation, over the last 45 years, we had 17 years of 15% for the DAO, then the last 10 years and at 10, 11% just a pause of 12 years from the dotcom bubble. But look at what happened in history after such spikes.  So it's likely nominal or real returns. That's also a big difference that I discussed in other videos. But it's likely that over the next 20 years, index fund investors, especially SAP 500 US equities investors will see negative real returns that's a given and perhaps zero nominal returns. That's already something very, very ugly. If you're betting on your mortgage, on your retirement by investing in index funds and those return zero over 20 years, you have done nothing. You have lost a lot of money. And therefore, I urge people to start thinking to just think about price discovery in their own portfolios. Just look, okay, what am I buying? What's the return? And I'll discuss that better later in the simple investing strategy that I have for everybody. So back to the earnings yield. This will explain everything. If you invest now in the SAP 500, you will have four to five percent, hopefully over 30 years. But it can be also 50%, 40%, 30% down investment over the next 20, 10, 20 years. That's the risk reward. I prefer buying businesses where I don't care about the price. I care about the business returns, the earnings yield. If I can find businesses with an earnings yield of 10, 15, 20%, I don't really care about that short-term volatility. I know that the 15% from the earnings yield is what will give me my return. So I focused on price discovery, index funds push up US equities. So if you look elsewhere, you make money and you can find those gems. I urge people to, okay, diversify everybody's long SAP 500 index funds through your 401k, through pension funds, through your parents pension fund, through whatever. You're already long that the government economics. So let's start looking at other things. That's my message. Look at other things. If you want to see whatever I do, if you want to have me working for you for less than $1 a day, then simply check my stock market research platform. Let's now dig into the liquidity crisis that what's going on might create like it was the case in 2009. Just one thing before that. This is the SAP 500 earnings growth over the second quarter of 2019. It was negative. Nobody talks about that. Everybody's talking about trade wars, about growth, about index funds, investing index funds is the best thing that exists. But look at the average growth. It was negative. In an environment with prices don't matter. It's all about sentiment and sentiment can't last forever. When the sentiment turns, there will be a crisis. And this is very much like the bubble and synthetic asset backed CDOs before the great financial crisis. In that price setting, in that market was not done by fundamental security levels, but by massive capital flows based on noble approved models. To quote again, Dr. Burry, this dirty secret of passive index funds, whether open and close then or ETF is the distribution of daily dollar value traded among the securities. In the Russell 2000 index, for instance, the vast majority of stocks are lower volume, lower value traded stocks. Today, Dr. Burry counted 1049 stocks that traded less than 5 million in value during the day. That is over half and almost half of those 456 traded less than a million during the day. Yet through indexation and passive investing, hundreds of billions are linked to stocks like this. The SAP is no different. The index contains the world's largest stocks, but still 266 over half traded under 150 million today. That sounds like a lot, but trillions of dollars in asset globally are indexed to these stocks. The theater keeps getting more crowded, but the exit door is the same as it always was, or it won't be enough for everybody to exit. All this gets worse as you get into even less liquid equity and bonds market globally. As he said, it won't end well. Let me give you an explanation of this by looking at a bond ETF. So he discussed equities, Russell, SAP 500, but I really want to give this a good explanation. If we look at the iShares, high yield corporate bond ETF, the net assets are 17 billion. Okay, you say 17 billion. There are many ETFs, index funds that invest in bonds, but I want to show you something else. At first sight, it tones a very diversified portfolio of 1000 high yield read junk bonds. The largest holding is 110 million in altis bond, while for example, Bausch health holds fifth place with 64 million. Okay, you say 18 billion 64 million on 18 billion is not much. However, when I download the complete list of 1000 holdings, sorted data by the names, I see that the ETF owns many Bausch health bonds actually tones 319 million of them. 319 million is already something on an 18 billion capitalization. And it is even more significant when compared to Bausch market cap of 8 billion. There is simply no liquidity to sell the 319 million that this ETF has. And many others have on a market cap of 8 billion. And on a capitalization of for the bonds, there is absolutely no liquidity on that market. But those derivatives naked options make the volatility make the assumption that there is liquidity. When this turns, and sometimes it will turn because somebody will yell the king is naked. Let's look at the prices. Let's look at the fundamentals. Let's look at the business yield of what I'm investing in. And then there will be trouble. It might melt up in an inflation way in might melt down in 2009 crisis way. We don't know the only thing we can do is buying businesses. So let's look at portfolio solutions, how to invest what you can do to protect yourself and end up financially. Well, nobody knows what will happen. And especially as Dr. Barry says, nobody knows when it will happen. But there is always something that you can do to be prepared to limit your risk and be exposed to the upside. I have made a little pyramid. So we have investors that are not interested in thinking passive investors ready to think about life. And those investors that are asking for more, when it comes to the passive investor, I have money, I don't want to know anything about it. How do I invest? Here I agree with Buffett, keep investing in index funds, you might find five index funds around the world and put equal amounts of money in, I don't know, emerging markets, US, Europe, Latin America, and I don't know, whatever. And the key there is that as long as you work until you are retired at 67, 65, something like that, you put amounts, fixed amounts of money in those index funds blindly. Yes, now the return is 4%. But if the index fund falls 50%, the return will be 8%. So you will be happier, you will reinvest those dividends. And on average, over the long term, 10, 20, 30 years, with all the money investment, now on the money you have now will be 4%, on the money you will invest later will be 7, 8%. You will have a good 6, 7% yearly return on all the money invested over your lifetime. That's good for those not thinking. The only thing you have to think about is that you invest when the crisis comes. If you don't invest when there is a meltdown, if you are, get scared there, or if you sell like most people do, then you're not a passive investor. So that's the first thing. Passive investors, no matter what happens, keep, keep, keep investing and you'll do well. But please make me a favor, invest when the time gets ugly. Now, the second step is investors that want to think a little bit about their finances. So you have index funds 4%. Look at your mortgage. If your mortgage is 6%, if your student debt is 7%, if your credit guard debt is 10%, if you can find some real estate, or if you're renting and you see, okay, if I buy something, my investment return from living in the property will be 4% because the rent will go up, up, up, up and up. So think about that and put just the S&P 500 index into perspective on what are the other opportunities in life. And then when it falls to 6%, okay, then rushing, don't pay, don't pay off your mortgage faster. So just balance that and you will reach even higher returns in your lifetime. You will not have four now, you will just invest at seven and seven will compound to eight, nine in the long term, and you'll do much better than the passive investor. And the third part of the pyramid is those who want more, those who want more, as I said, they are already exposed to the US investment mania, those have to invest there where others are not investing and buy businesses, businesses that yield 10%, 15%. And you have to think, okay, what is that index funds don't like commodities, for example, we know we will need more copper electrification, Tesla, everything's going to be electric less oil buying. So the technology is there over the next 10, 15 years, there will be much more demand for copper, nickel, batteries, etc. So nobody's watching that because it wasn't hot or the bubble burst in 2012. And now it's cheap. So you might want to start thinking of diversifying. As I said already, if you want me to research that if you want research reports, if you want, and that's only for the 2% population that really wants to think about investment, check my stock market research platform and see how that fits your portfolio. It's different. It's not following the crowd. It's focusing on businesses on earnings yields that gives you longer term investment returns. And I'm somehow convinced that over the very, very long term, especially from this point in time, we will destroy the market because of the index fund bubble, because of the fundamentals, because of the failed price discovery, because of the low yield 1.8% dividend yield. Those that switch now from index funds to active investing to buying businesses for the long term will do extremely well. It might be more volatile because the SAP 500 is stable until the crash comes and then it crashes hard. Short term, in that short term more volatility, but higher returns in the long term. Thank you for watching. Looking forward to your comments. Send me an email if you have any questions. Contact me on Facebook. Just message me if you have any questions. I'm happy also to reply there. Thank you for watching. Looking forward to your comments. And as I said, and I'll see you in the next videos coming, GraphTech, Rio Tinto, QDN, the copper teases, and some other comments about how to invest in gold, perhaps even what's going on in the European Union. A lot of videos coming. I'm back to work. I'm very, very productive. So I'm looking forward to sharing my thoughts with you. And don't forget to subscribe if you haven't.


As capable structural engineers, we would like to design capable structures. But what do we mean by capable, and what limits this capability? By capability, we refer to the ability of a structure to fulfill its function to carry and transmit loads. We have seen the various loads carried by different aircraft structural parts already, but how could this function be disrupted? The obvious answer is that if a structure breaks, it can no longer fulfill its function. It loses its capability. Perhaps a little less obvious, however, is that excessive deformation can also prevent a structure from fulfilling its function. We can illustrate this with a simple thought experiment. Imagine we built a very flexible bridge crossing a river. While walking across this bridge, it begins to deform until it touches the bottom of the river once you reach the middle of the bridge. Not the most useful bridge ever built, but it does illustrate the point that excessive deformation can influence the capability of a structure, even if it does not break. As engineers, we can control these influences on capability through our design decisions. Both the material and geometry we choose for a structure will influence when it will break and how it will deform. This leads us to the question of why don't we just use a strongest and stiffest materials as structural geometries? This question is often brought up in the context of one of these, a flight data recorder, which, despite not being black, is often referred to as the black box. This recorder is designed to protect valuable flight data in case of a serious accident. It is effectively designed to survive an aircraft crash. So why don't we simply design and build the entire aircraft just like the flight data recorder? Why can't we make the entire aircraft equally indestructible? The reality is that an aircraft is not simply a structure. It's a complex system that has other constraints which limit its capability. If the aircraft weighs too much, it might not be able to take off. If it costs too much, it might be too expensive to operate unless people would be able to afford to fly. Or, if it does not have the right aerodynamic shape, more and more fuel might need to be burned to get it to fly. So we have to make some decisions. We have to trade off structural capability in order to fit within the design constraints such as weight and cost. In essence, all engineering structures, including aircraft and spacecraft, are a compromise. More than that, there are many possible solutions that will meet the structural capabilities. I could choose just about any engineering material and develop a design that could work with that material choice. So how do we come up with the right solution for a given problem? In essence, we have to justify our decision in terms of the design constraints. Luckily for us, in the aerospace industry, typically weight is the most important design constraint. We typically optimize for the most weight-efficient design. However, in a growing competitive aerospace market, cost cannot be entirely ignored and sometimes decisions to save cost that result in an increase in weight are made. In the coming week, we will examine this decision process a little more closely and look at some basic ways to compare different design options in order to make sound decisions on the materials and structural geometries to use in our designs.


What's going on everybody dato doi here and it looks like today is just going to be one of those days because Along with the fuzo masu trailer We also received news that they are planning to do a huge balance patch Focusing on these characters so we have a lot of characters on this list But before we start talking about them I do want to address that this isn't going to just be a balance patch that hits characters as they also said they are Going to be looking at some of the system mechanics in the game and that excites me a lot It also kind of makes me nervous because I really do love how the game plays now But I would love to see what their fresh take is on things like the super dash mechanic dragon rush sparking blast all of that Stuff count as system mechanics, so they fall in the range of what they could be tackling Obviously, this is going to be a huge patch that really shakes things up So if you were tired with the way that Dragon Ball fighters was playing when this patch comes out Which is probably going to be when fuzo masu drops Nothing confirmed yet, but that's just a hunch Then you might want to come back and try it out for a little longer because this is going to have a huge Impact on the game I mean if you think about it this could be changing something as small as you know the dragon rush and how it works or it could be Changing something huge like super dash or sparking blast and the way it works and what moves you can cancel and what moves you can't This is a potentially game changing patch But you know, let's stop talking about the system mechanics and what could be changed and what couldn't be because right now It's all speculation. We just know they are going to be tackling it Let's take a look at some of these characters are going to be addressing and then I'll talk about how I feel about each Character and what should probably be changed and what shouldn't be and then down in the comments below Feel free to let me know your thoughts on the characters listed here Let's start by looking at the left with Vegeta Android 16 Android 17 and 18 I don't go Han and kid boo now This is the side that I would say I'm the most interested in except for one character Which I'll get to later, but you guys already know who it is Super Saiyan Vegeta's assist is a little too good for me I think it should be the best assist in the game They should keep it like that because you know there is going to be an eventual good assist in the game And it might as well be Vegeta. He's such a fan favorite character It would be a shame to see him completely stripped of his limelight Then we have Android 16 who has all of the qualities of a really big character And yet he has the same speed as the rest of the cast which leads to insanely strong mix-ups and great hard knockdown setups Android 16 could use some touching up But he is not the biggest problem on this list by far then we have Android 18 Not too excited about what they're going to change here because I thought Android 18 was in a good place Really good pressure awesome assist could probably use a bit of a touch on the air combo department But I thought she was all around pretty decent adult Gohan is probably the only character in Dragon Ball fighters That I would say is a little too good for what he is the access to his moveset is too easy for him to get I think they should definitely lock some of his hard knockdowns behind maybe two or even three bars of hidden potential But right now he is a little too mobile the system That's unique to him where he holds down key and falls fast makes it really easy to set up really strong mix-ups kid boo I'm completely biased kid boo destroys me. I have not practiced defense against kid boo No idea what they're going to change. I know a lot of beginner players really hate his why auto combo I don't think they're going to address that but um, you know, he's a tricky character So I'm excited to see any potential changes with him I guess I'll be holding out on my defense of practice against kid boo for now Now let's move on to the middle of this list with Frieza Krillin Super Saiyan Blue Vegeta Napa Beerus and Android 21 Let's start with Frieza and Beerus both of these characters are supposed to be zoners Not really supposed to be but they have the tool set to be but because of the systems in play They can't really shine as much as they should be able to so in my opinion the character buffs aren't as significant to Beerus and Frieza. It's more the system mechanics around them. We're going to see how it happens Maybe you can dash through one of Beerus's balls, but if you dash through two, that's too much and your character gets hit Something like that would be make him really strong. Maybe even too strong So it's going to be interesting how they tackle Beerus and Frieza after that. Let's do Android 21 really strong neutral in the game They're probably just going to be tackling how her infinite works. She has an infinite Don't know if you guys know that won't talk too much about it They might be tackling that how she scales what she can potentially do in the neutral what she can get combos off of But I think she's a pretty healthy character right now And I wouldn't want to see her too nerfed or even buffed at all Super Saiyan Blue Vegeta and Nappa are really cool characters Hopefully they get something, you know a little more pizzazz added to him Super Saiyan Blue Vegeta is a little one note right now He has one very good combo route and after that he just has a couple of mix-ups and that's pretty much it for him He's going to be really exciting to see he's a really flashy character as with Super Saiyan Blue Goku Super Saiyan Blue Goku is a lot better though in my opinion Nappa Of course if he gets more setups into Saibaman, that's all he really needs to jump up on the tier list there As long as he can get as long as Nappa can put himself in a favorable position to plant that Saibaman Then he is going to be a perfectly fine character as he is now Let's talk about Krillin my favorite character in both the Dragon Ball franchise and in fighters I just hope they make him stronger. I mean, I think he's okay. Let's be real He's probably lower on the tier list, but I really do think he's um I'm of the personal belief that Dragon Ball fighters is a pretty decently balanced game So as long as you surround Krillin with assists that help him out, he can be a very strong character Hopefully they can make him more of a standout character on his own though As he does require assists to really, you know, get some damage in there Piccolo has very strong mix-ups, but he can't do much on his own much like Krillin So hopefully they do the similar treatment for him Captain Ginyu is a really interesting one. I have no idea what they're going to change with him So I guess in that aspect that is another exciting change and then we got Broly the newest character in this bunch I don't know. I always thought Broly was pretty fine They might be opening up more combo pass for him as he is a little one-note much like Super Saiyan Blue Vegeta But I kind of thought that suited Broly as a character and then of course that's the end It says it's over there, but yeah This is an absolutely wild announcement didn't expect this at all So like I said before in the video make sure to go down in the comments below and leave me your thoughts on these Characters and what you would change about them personally to make them more balanced or just a better character overall While you're down there if you liked this video and want to see more videos like this from this channel Make sure to hit the like button and subscribe. I'm Dato Joya, and I'll see you in the next video


I was born to believing parents and grew up as a pastor's kid. Around the age of five, I was baptized for the first time. I had no true knowledge of the gospel. All I knew was that I wanted Jesus to come into my heart so I could go to heaven someday. I spent my childhood believing what I would say, basing my assurance on my sincerity, my so-called good works, and my parents' faith. However, that assurance was very shaky and as I grew, I found myself frequently too afraid and uncertain of my salvation to sleep. I had no comfort that I would be in heaven if I died during the night. I repeated the sinner's prayer to myself often, hoping that it would stick and trying to comfort myself with the promises that I heard in chapel at school that I'd be saved if I just felt sorry and asked Jesus to come into my heart to stay. Eventually, I decided that I wasn't truly saved and when I was five, so I repeated the process around the age of ten, I wanted to make sure I had my fire insurance and I wanted to be baptized alongside one of my similarly diluted school friends. The second baptism did not have the lasting effect that I had hoped for and I was right back to questioning my salvation and seeking assurance in my works. Throughout my childhood, I was always known as a good, sweet kid. My temperament and personality made it easy to hide what was really dwelling in my wicked heart. No one questioned my salvation. I was the pastor's daughter. I was nice, I was quiet, and I was obedient. I rarely got into trouble and when I did, it devastated me not because I was sorrowful over my sin but because I was embarrassed to be caught and confronted. While it kept my outward behavior and appearance in line with my place as a good, smart pastor's kid, the attitudes and desires of my heart were far from righteous. I held grudges and harbored a lot of bitterness. I murdered my heart through my hatefulness and focused those wicked feelings on my own family. I lied and sinned in secret. I was kind and sweet to people's faces but thought and said cruel things behind their backs. I was extremely selfish and hated having my selfish and sinful desires thwarted. As I grew older, my heart became more and more rebellious toward my parents. My haughtiness and pride betrayed the true attitude of my heart. I looked forward to the day when I could be out of their control. I daydreamed all through church, rarely read my Bible on my own time and only prayed out of selfish motives. But I still thought I was alright. After all, my parents were godly. I had been baptized. I'd never gone to public school and I wasn't doing anything close to what other kids my age were doing. I knew that I wasn't walking with the Lord as well as I should be but I thought that I'd eventually grow closer to Christ and be more spiritual. I looked at the Christians who were just a few years older than me and who I thought were far more godly and thought that I'd reach their level in another year or so. I felt no urgency to change and follow the Lord expecting that it would just happen with age. It was around age 16 and 17 that God began to open my eyes to the true condition of my heart and the fate of my soul if I continued on that path. He didn't use a grand climactic moment but a slow patient chipping away at my heart. I watched in confusion if those godly Christians who I looked up to rebelled against their parents. One of the hardest blows came from within my own family. I felt abandoned and crushed by someone that I had idolized and loved. Through these hurts I began to see that I was headed down the same road that I would abandon my family and totally give in to my sin if something didn't change. As I looked over my life and the way I lived, by God's grace I started to see how wrong and lost I was. I realized that I couldn't base my salvation on my parents' faith, on the work of baptism, on the many sinners' prayers other throughout my childhood or on my facade of good works. God was showing me that I had never had a true understanding of the gospel. I had all the right answers but that head knowledge never penetrated my heart or changed me. I never realized the filthiness of my own sin. I never repented. My good works only condemned me to hell and eternal separation from God. The only thing I brought to the table was my sin. All of these realizations came gradually and slowly God made known the glorious and beautiful power of the gospel and began to transform my life. Through no power of my own I began to seek the Lord. I pulled back from those who influenced me in my sin and rebellion. I cried out to the Lord in tears of true repentance over my sin, not of embarrassment at being caught or confronted. He changed my desires as he drew me to himself. I no longer read my Bible or went to church because it was expected of me but because it was food for my soul. The words of Scripture came alive to me as they never had before. I wanted to pray, not just to ask God for things but to offer him praise and thanksgiving and seek wisdom. I repented of the bitterness and hatred I had been harboring for years towards members of my own family. This didn't happen all at once in one big pivotal moment. I can't tell anyone the exact date or time of my salvation but I know this, that God has changed me. I am not who I was. My assurance doesn't lie in my own good works or good intentions but in the finished work of Jesus Christ. The battle with sin continues daily but I trust in the power of the Holy Spirit to overcome sin, to repent when I fail and to follow Christ wholeheartedly. I have been crucified with Christ and it is no longer I who live, the Christ lives in me and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God who loved me and gave himself up for me. In July of 2014 I was baptized for the third and final time the first time as a true believer. Towards the beginning of 2014 I started considering the possibility that one day moving to Orlando would be a part of Cornerstone. My mom had found Cornerstone through Susan Heck and the women's conferences and brought me with her to a few of them. I started visiting regularly and finally moved here from the Sarasota area in May of this year. The Lord has used this move in this church tremendously in my life. He has grown me a lot in the few months that I have lived here and I am blessed to be a part of this body of believers.


Hi friends, my name is Fermentis Spider-Eye today. Let's just get into it. I'll be painting a anniversary gift for my boyfriend. It's our three month, I think, coming up tomorrow. And he doesn't know I'm doing this, so I have to get this done by tomorrow because we're going to see the Rockefeller tree or something or the vessel. And I wanna make something good because he made this little thing for me. It's taped right now, but I'll just show it to you. He made that for me, it was very sweet. No one's ever done that for me before, so I wanna pay him back with something good. This week I'll be painting a meme. Hopefully everyone knows, but there's this pop cat. It looks like this. He's been obsessed with the Snapchat filter and won't stop talking about it. So I was like, you know what? Maybe this will get your attention. Should I paint something sentimental, nostalgic, romantic, probably? But you know me, that doesn't happen. And it does happen.  And that is what he's dating, so he has to know at some point. I'm also not gonna focus on the painting aspect right now because I'll be sketching for the most part. And I'd rather just talk because I have a lot of stuff to talk about. That's important, I feel like, for everyone to know. So yeah, sit down and buckle up. I have the reference picture in front of me, so that's what I'm looking at, you know why. This is a little bit smaller than the canvas I'm used to. I have no complaints because we all know how long they take. And also just because I know his room is small because he's living in a dorm, so he probably can't even put this anywhere. You're not allowed to screw things in, so he's just gonna put this on the side probably. Don't worry, I'm gonna paint something very enormous and inconvenient for him to hang someday. What do I wanna talk about today? I wanted to talk about just like, how YouTube's been, how I'm feeling. We're talking about our feelings. I know. Yeah, so basically I'm still going through, what do you call it, a rut? Is that a thing? I don't know what that means. Either way, it's not as fun as it should be. And if you've watched me since last year when I moved to college, you'll know why.  But y equals negative x graph. And I mean that in terms of like, and here we go, we're gonna talk about the numbers. Let's just preface this. I know this is very selfish and that I'm very lucky to have everything I've been given. Thanks to you guys. But needless to say, it still makes me upset to talk about this. And it makes me upset that it's happening. So I hope this is a safe space for me to vent. And I hope you guys know I'm very thankful for all of you. I would never be taking this for granted. Basically, I've been losing a lot of support in terms of subscribers and views and money because obviously this is how I'm paying for college in my apartment. So it's kind of important. I think I was almost at 660,000 subscribers. And then now I'm about to drop below 650,000. So I've lost like 10,000 in the past three, four months. Do you like this sound? So that's just been going down. And I don't really know why. I have some theories, but it's obviously upsetting to know that like each video you upload, more people unsubscribe because they don't like the content that you post.  But if your subscribers who are dedicated don't even watch as long, then YouTube doesn't even bother recommending the video. So then you just consistently lose subscribers, which is what has been happening ever since I moved back to New York. And I'm starting to think that people just don't like the content that is not me in high school. Obviously the art videos made me popular. The Minecraft ones too. And a lot of people request me to do things like the Minecraft lantern, the Minecraft bees. Do all of these things that are related to art. And I would love to do that, but I can't. As much as I like doing it, I do love painting. It helps me be myself, release some stress, think creatively, learn how to paint better. It's time consuming. Like it took two seasons, fall and winter to finish the Minecraft painting because I was in the middle of school and I'm trying to graduate early. I'm currently graduating or at least on set to graduate in my junior year. So three more semesters and I'm done because each year I've been consistently taking 18 credits. And I've also had credits transferred over because I took AP classes in high school. So I think like 16 credits transferred over or something. But I'm thinking like, should I even done that? Should I have even moved here? Like would it have been better for me to just stay at home? Because obviously at home I have the freedom to record whenever I want. I don't have to worry about like being secluded in this tiny room. I don't obviously have roommates and I have to respect them. I can't just push them out whenever I want and be like, I have to record for this amount of time. You can't talk, you can't be in the room. But then when you combine that with like your school schedule and then me trying to maintain a gaming channel, a second channel for skincare, a podcast channel and this channel, it was a lot more than I expected. Needless to say I don't have as much time as I used to. So probably the quality of videos is a little bit worse just because it's here and I can't afford a studio apartment. But I also was hoping like I could talk about more stuff on my channel, like college stuff and do more other than art. And now I'm paranoid that like people only watched me for art and because I stopped doing it, that people just don't bother watching anything else. And that's when you're defined by one thing on YouTube and I don't want to have to do that. Basically you have to build a dedicated audience and then you can be comfortable to upload anything you want because you know that your audience watches for you, not for just Minecraft paintings. And I thought I had that and I guess I don't. Maybe I do, I don't know. People always say like, oh, we'll watch anything you want but that's like a select minority of people. Like I have to think about the majority of people too if I want this to be like a sustainable career. So lately I've just been streaming more on Twitch. I like gaming, I've always liked it. It's more fun and I'm starting to debate if I even want to do YouTube anymore because like I can't continue doubting myself like this every day. Each time I want to work on a video, I will be up all night just like making sure I get this edit right. Because I think to myself like if I edit more, if I edit longer, if I don't give myself enough sleep maybe people will like this video more because I edited it better. And then it doesn't work. It becomes like the worst video of that month. And then I just feel like, well, what's the point of me even trying? And that's normal. Like people on YouTube always have to doubt themselves because you never know when this just ends for you. But it just depends on how long you can push through before it goes up again, if it goes up again. And it happened to me last year and I went back up but this has been like the longest time that has been happening. Like it's been downhill for the longest and I don't know if I have the energy to keep going. Because it's every day I get less, less motivated to make a video and I don't know. It makes me sad because I love this. This is like the one thing I have.  And if I lose this, I know that I won't be doing anything besides like gaming. And I like editing, but I also don't like knowing that people don't like me as much as they used to. I hope you guys understand what I mean. No YouTuber is always like, I'm always put together. I'm always so confident. I don't care about what anyone thinks. We have to care about what other people think because that's our career. I can't even put together an outfit what makes you think I'm put together in life. That's another thing. I don't even have the motivation to go out unless I'm just hanging with my boyfriend. Other than that, I've been staying home all the time. So I feel like I just wasted like thousands of dollars just coming back here to live in New York when I probably should have just stayed at home taking a gap year and focus on YouTube and then continue my studies. So I'm kind of mad about that because I feel like I could have turned this around. I didn't have to lose so many people just for moving. I don't even know. I don't know what happened. I would love an answer if anyone can give me their honest answer. I don't like not knowing things. I don't like not having control of things in my life but like YouTube is the one thing I can't fully control yet. I continue doing it because I do like it. Lately it's just like, I don't know if I can't. I don't know if it's worth it anymore but I also don't want to lose all the years I spent on this because then I wouldn't have anything after. No one wants me to be at their job. I curse on my channel.  No one's gonna hire that. You know how I know? Because I've applied to like over 50 jobs and got rejected by all of them. This is what I have by the way. So I guess we'll start painting. I have not done this in a while so this is not gonna be amazing but it doesn't have to be I think because it's a meme of a cat. I guess I'm supposed to start on the outside just make it the background. Yeah, I'll do that. I'm gonna need some colors. This one, this one. Okay, I think I got some colors. The original background was boring so I'm just gonna do like a brown background which is probably more boring. I'm also gonna paint on the back of this thing. So if you guys could just tell me like what I should do I would love feedback because I just wanna know what went wrong? Was it me doing sponsorships? Because I know like as much as I don't want to do them I also would like to be able to pay for stuff. So I do them occasionally and it's always brands that I genuinely like and have used in the past. You're not gonna seem to promote wedding rings, trust me. If you only want art videos is it just the fact that I'm here, not back at home? Maybe it's just all of the above. Or people grew up because that's normal. You don't follow someone forever usually. When you grow up your, what is it called? Your interests, they change. So you're bound to like leave some people behind and that's always fine. Like I know that the novelty of me will wear off at some point for everyone. I just didn't know it would wear off now. First brush stroke. It's gonna be messy on purpose. Don't yell at me. We're going for abstract this time. And I'm gonna try to get the black to be like a vignette. Vignette, I don't know how to pronounce it. And thanks for letting me talk about this. I know some people would be like drag through the mud if they even bother talking about this. And I know I'm really lucky to have you guys who understand that's all I need. I just need people to listen to me. You don't have to give me advice. I just need to get this out. I think there's too much green on here. I thought that would be, I thought it would be a hint of green. Nope, did not get that. That's where we're at right now. I'm not gonna do a time lapse because I feel like it, no. I don't want to voice over right now. Also because my vlog camera broke, I just fixed it. The screws came loose. Don't do it, Frederick. Don't do it. Spru-loose. That's what they're calling me. You're gonna get demonetized. I know you guys know it's not like all bad. I'm so thankful for Joey who keeps me sane. And I haven't even talked to him about all this because I said he's gonna worry him.  They always know. I'm just scared to talk about it because it's like it's a very selfish thing to talk about. If I was just listening to myself and I was just like a stranger, what I would hear is you're upset that you don't get as much money as you used to and that not as many people like you as they used to.  And no one can relate to you unless they're also a YouTuber or something. But I don't have any YouTube friends. I got like two, but then I don't want to bother them. So I just keep it to myself. And that's another thing. On YouTube, I feel most lonely. A platform that is meant to be social, I feel most lonely on. Whereas on Twitch, I can talk to you guys and I feel like I made friendships with gaming friends. And we have a great time on there. So that's why I've been doing it more. And I might even switch only to there. I don't know. So if you guys like gaming streams, just, you know, it's right here. I've been doing it a lot more lately and I kind of want it to be like a new YouTube for me. No one's paying me to do that, by the way. I just, I don't know if I like YouTube as much anymore. I don't know if it's meant for me. I don't know. I don't know what to do. If I stopped doing it, then I would have no former income and that's bad. But I also don't know if I can keep thinking about like video ideas and what to do if it just keeps going down each time. I don't even know how long it's gonna keep going down. I could go back to 500,000, who knows. So I'm just thinking right now like, what could I do? When would I stop if I wanted to stop? Maybe I would just finish all my college stuff and when I graduate, try again. Go back onto here, see what's changed.  Do everything. I just don't have the time, more the energy because that's draining and I want to focus on my college stuff. Maybe that's why every YouTuber is known to drop out. Maybe they're smarter to drop out.  I don't know.  But I'm here now, so can't back out. I have this right now. It's very sloppy. I kind of like it. It's kind of cute, don't you think? I can make it a little more smooth. Yeah, I think that's good for now. I'm gonna let that dry. I'll be back. Okay, I'm back. I let this dry. This is what we're working with. I already forgot what I talked about because it was like 30 minutes ago. It's weird because now that I'm doing this, I feel better and I want to keep doing it. I do like making videos but I know if I have too high expectations, I'm just gonna get disappointed when it doesn't do well. But it's like, while I'm doing this right now and in the middle of editing, I always tell myself like, this is gonna be good. Like it's gonna be a great video. They'll love it. And no, they don't. So I don't know how to feel. I don't know if I can stop making videos. I don't know if I'm the type of person to quit yet. There'd be such a waste too. So I'm just gonna see how it goes. I wish I could not care. Just like upload videos no matter what but not in that position. So now I'm going to work on the outer edge. It's basically black. I'm gonna take set brush. I mixed brown and black right here. I think it'll be a good color. Only one way to find out. It also doesn't have to be too neat I think. Or at least I'm not going to make it. No, it needs to be much more darker. So basically black. And now we're gonna outline. I'm gonna try to blend it in. Add some more brown up here. Too much brown. Is it too much? I can't tell. Mmm. Mmm. It's okay. This is supposed to be more rustic so I'm allowed to make mistakes. I'm just gonna do this really quick. Maybe we'll do the ears next. I need some pink. Go on. There we go. I was magenta so I'm gonna add like a dot. Literally one dot. See how that looks. I haven't painted it so long guys. As much as I hated it, I didn't want to do this for a while because it triggered me just from how exhausting it was. Just doing it like this, more messy. It was kind of fun. Hopefully I have more time now that I'm gonna have Christmas break. Um, this is not the shade I want. I need a red. Is there a red there? I don't think there's a red there. I'm gonna look for a red real quick. See, now we're speaking my language. Magenta was a bust. It's okay though. I also totally just put my paintbrush right here and just wiped it off and look, it blended right in. Okay, just a dot. A dot of red. Mix it in. Place it right there. There we go. And then I need to blend this in somehow with acrylic paint. I don't like it. It's not blending the way I want it to. All right, I think I got the ear. It needs a tiny bit of red in the middle. Like right there. Maybe let's use another brush. Maybe I should vary it up. Okay, yeah, maybe. Let's see if I can take just a little bit of white. Mix it with tan. I just put like a little dash there. A little small tuft of white here, right there. I'm gonna use my finger to blend this in. Okay, honestly though, not bad. Um, now I gotta put all the white on. Big brush, white.  Okay, some tan down here. Some more white. Mix all of this together. Do something. I should shade in less. Oh, I did not mean to do that. Okay, I just somehow blend this in. Come on, Frederick. It's like a bad tan. Oh, and some more shadow. Too much. Way too much, Frederick. Oh no. Let's backtrack. Place this with some of this. Add some more of this. This white. What is this color? It's too tan. It's like pink. Mix this in. Mmm. Instant regret. Instant regret. Stop it. No, ma'am. Oh, how do I fix that? It's what happens when people get too confident. Okay, maybe we can fix this. Like that part's blended pretty okay. It's got to way more fat than I anticipated. I'm so sorry. I don't know how to fix it, nor do I care too.  Just add more white in the center and then go from there. Maybe some more shadow. Just a tiny bit of shadow. Like here, here, down there. That blended away. Oh my God. Add a little more. I think that's the best we're gonna get. It's okay. Now it's time to work on the face. So it's basically all white. I'm gonna start off right there. Go down this way.  Oh no, the pencil. Oh no, the graphite is mixing in. Do not, not today. I forgot to do that part. Okay, I'm gonna skip that part. That's okay. That's okay. I'm gonna have to morph the face a little bit. Also going to have to really blend that part in. You don't know how I'm gonna do this part. How, how, how? Where, here, how? How do I make it look like a cat? Just add a little bit. Just a little mix in it. This is easier with oil paint, I know. I'm sorry, I don't have any. Use a very light hand. Very light hand. Gentle. There. For once, I don't care too much about how it's turning out because I'm okay with it. I know it's not gonna be perfect and I know he'll like it no matter what. Cause he has to. Or else I'll kill him. Add a little chin shadow. Too much. A little bit less. Okay, a lot less, please. Please blend in. Oh my God. Stop messing with me. Chin shadow. I'm just gonna add a little bit more shadow on this side of its face. That's not really enough, that's fine.  All right, I'm trying to redo this body part. Add some more texture. Hopefully, sweeping motion. Make it look like some hair. I don't know how does this look. Like that, maybe? Sure. I like how I just did it and now I'm redoing it. For what, Frederick? Maybe I can do some reverse hairs. Reverse hair? Nope, mm-mm. I'll just add more white. You know what I don't miss? The thing is doing to my back. Almost done with this part that I should have been done with 20 minutes ago. All right, I give up. That's the best I'm gonna do. Let's do this ear. That ear, similar color. Start off with some tan. Then we move into the pink and red. A little bit of brown. I said a little. Oh my God. A little bit more black. All right guys, this requires precision and then outline it. Ooh, not with this. Outline with a different one. All these brushes are destroyed. I have to buy new brushes. Come on. I should have washed them. Okay. Now let's redo this part. I don't know how to do it. Honestly, not sure where to start off but I'm just gonna do the ear. I just don't know how to blend that. I don't know how to do that. Mm. Oh my foot's numb. Geez. Stop it. Get it together. Get it together. Ow, my foot. Okay, that's what I have. I'm gonna let it dry. Actually, no, I'm gonna work on the mouth. I mean, it should just be a circle, right? This shouldn't be too hard to do. Just like red when they get a circle. Mm, look at that lipstick. I think that's an appropriate size. Okay, so it gets immediately darker towards the top and then it gets lighter when you do that. But everywhere else is pretty dark. Too dark now. Okay, that's actually good. I like the shading on the bottom. It's gonna make the top extra dark. Yes, there we go. I hope my boyfriend can actually tell what it is. I know he's colorblind, so hopefully he sees the color. Okay, so I wanna make the transition from this to this a little bit better. I messed up a little. No. Oh, how do I cover that up? I'm not covering enough. The paint wins today. There's a tiny mark that's a little bit outside the circle. Mm.  Why did I just do that? Okay, that's pretty smooth, I think. Pretty good. I'm happy with that. I'm gonna wash my hands because, ew, and I'm gonna wash all the brushes because, ew. I want you guys to know I can't move back because my feet are numb again, so I'm just standing here. Please help. It's the ticklish one. It's not the pins and needles. It's the one when everything is ticklish. Maybe I should have it blend in a little bit. Mm. That's risky. Because I don't know how to do that. What if I just try like just a little bit? This is a little too crisp. Okay, we're getting somewhere. Hold on. Oh, no, we're not getting somewhere. I need to figure out how to get the color that I originally had and just paint around it. Ooh, this is hard. This is not easy. Nope, I can't do that. Lots of back and forth here. There's some shadow. I'm okay with it. Not really, but it's still okay. I messed up this part again, too. My hands are dirty again. Mm. I thought I was almost done. Then I wanted to become perfectionist. When will I learn? Okay, this is too much back and forth. Oh my God, why am I still working on it? Just give it up. I'm gonna try to repair everything I just damaged right here. It's just this part. Boom. Nothing else. Okay, then I'm gonna go back into the black here. Just cover this part up. That's, I'm done. I'm not doing it anymore. What's the last part? Last part, eyes. Hmm. Clean brush dipped in black right here. And then the one right here. I just did my paintbrush. That way and that way. And turned to an eye. The nose is still red, so I'm just gonna mix black with red and some tan, too. Hopefully it turns into a good color. So it looks like this. There we go. And then add more red to it. And then add more black to it. Add more red and add more black. Okay. It just needs to add the eyes. Take back of your paintbrush, dip in white, boom, boom. There she is. Look at her. Okay, for like, not painting for months and doing this in under three hours. Pretty good. I'm impressed. I'm happy. I didn't realize how much I missed painting until now. So yeah, maybe I will do some more of Frederick's Art Camp since you all missed it so much. That's it. Fan art of the week is this. Thank you so much for drawing me. You're incredibly talented. And I'm gonna try to remember to do that from now on because I always keep forgetting. So thank you for your submission. If you want to submit something, just tag me on Instagram or Twitter. And that's all I have for you guys today. So if you enjoyed, give it a like, leave a comment down below, subscribe for more videos every week I post every Saturday or when I can. Follow my Instagram, Twitter, Twitch, my second channel, my gaming channel and my podcast channel. And as always, I love you guys and everything is less than three. It's good to be back. I miss this too. I know you guys did. Frederick's Art Camp is back in business. I have to clean this all up now. Mmm. If only my boyfriend were here to do that.


Okay, now after this if else another important thing for us is loopings or loops, Python also provides very easy and intuitive ways of writing in the loops. Suppose let us say I want to have 10 numbers and I want to print them one after another. So this is like I have to do this printing activity 10 times repeatedly. So for this we can say n is assigned a number 10 and when n and we can write 10 printing statements for by decrementing the value of n. So this we can simply do by while n is positive that is achieved by this statement n is greater than the and you end it with a colon here and then print this number and then you reduce it by 1 and this while continues still n is greater than 0. And when this is done and when n becomes 0 here the while statement is not correct so it will come out of this and then it is print it is done now. And this is how the output will look. Now range operator so often like when you are doing this looping we need to decide how many times you wanted to want to loop it and all for that range function comes a very handy its format is if I want to loop let us say certain number of times what I have to do is I have to tell what is my starting point, what is my end point and how much is a jump size. So starting point here will say what is the initial value of i, i is going to take a different possible values here which I want to take in my range that I am going to specify and here end point is simply the last value that I want i to take and usually this last value is excluded when I am assigning this values to i and jump size is basically the difference between the consecutive values of i. So for example if I want to print the numbers from 1 to 10 with a jump of 2 all I have to do is for i in range 1 to 10 to 2 print i and when I execute this you see that I will see the value 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and here anyway 10 is not printed because after 9 if I have to do a value of jump of 2 it is going to be 11 which is not in my range. Suppose let us say I make it 1 now you see that the starting value is 1 and it is incremented the value of 1 but the last value here is only 9 this is mainly because as I said the last value is skipped i is not assigned the last value 10 here and now you see that every time a print command is executed a new line is automatically inserted. So because of that you are seeing it as a column in case you do not want to do this Python provides this option to add this end equals to white space if you do this you will get the things written in a horizontal way in a row and if you want to just see what we did in the previous cell so now this column is written as this row here. Now creation of the list, a list can be created simply by putting them between two square brackets and separating them by commas. Here I have created 5 items numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and so this length function gives how many elements are there first this is this give me error here because I did not execute this cell and that is why it did not know what is my list so now I have executed now I am coming back and execute this now it shows what is fine. Now there are many functions which makes manipulations of the list very handy in Python one thing is append function if you want to append a new element to this list all you need to simply do is my list dot append and add the number you want to append and if you do this and print my list you see that a new element is getting attended at the end of my list as similarly we can insert new values at any place not at the end may be at any place here I am trying to insert at the third location a number 40 and if I do this you see that 40 is coming here so notice that indexing always starts from 0 so here when I say third means actually in the list it is like a fourth position because indexing starting from 0 so if this is a 0th position 1 2 and 3 and the 3 is where this is where the 40th has come and removing is also as easiest as adding at any place if you want to remove a particular element wherever it is in your list all you need to say that number to be removed by using this function remove and it gets removed and also it is easy to get some part of your list by saying if you are only interested in the first 3 elements all you need to do is just give a colon and 3 here and you will get this 3 elements and similarly if you want interested in only the last 3 elements so you need to do minus 3 and give a colon. So this comes very handy this minus things like so that you do not need to reverse any of your list we python will automatically take our F and read from the end and reversing if you want to reverse the list all you need to do is colon colon minus 1 is 1 to do and your list and get automatically reverse you see that it has been reversed here and to add or to append to list all you need to do is write a plus symbol between them and if you do that you see that to or like maybe concatenation happening here like when you use plus on list the concatenation happens and the two list get merged and if you want to do some element wise operation in your list then for loop operations comes pretty handy like now here let us say you want to multiply every element in your list by 2 so then you can run through each element in the list and multiply that by a factor of 2 and print it. So if you do that you see that there were 6 elements and each of them are getting multiplied by 2 and this first 6 elements are here multiplied do and listed here. This numpy is one of the very useful libraries in python which help us to deal with the arrays. So obviously when you have to do a lot of data, data may be put you have to put it in matrix format to manipulate them and this numpy library comes as very handy and if you want to use this library in your coding first you need to import it and the option to import it is simply import numpy and all the time you do not want to use numpy maybe you want to use a shorthand and so you can even give the name like the shortened name here is np ok. Now using this function maybe we can now create arrays so ok so now see here when I executed this 21 cell number 21 here it throw me error because I have not yet executed this previous cell here. So it do not know what is np yet so let me first execute this cell. So my cell is executed now my python knows what is np now I can use that to create an array and now see like I have created an array of elements 1 up to 6 and when I printed it shows me as an array ok. So let us see what was the difference between the list and the arrays here. So earlier I have created a list if I print that list you will get this numbers 1 2 3 4 5 and now when I created this array it and so here ok what I have done is basically I have converted my list into array and now it shows me as an array ok. And now we can also create matrices like the way we created list here I have created one matrices which is a 3 cross 3 matrix the here I have put numbers 1 2 3 in the first row 4 5 6 in the second row and 7 8 9 in the third. So the rows get separated by this commas and elements within a row are written within the square bracket with each element separated by commas ok. And now whatever this matrix I have I can convert it to an array again by using np array. So let us see this. So when I have this array matrix created here this is what I got but when I want to convert it to an array you see that I will get this what is the difference here when I convert it to array all the commas get removed and they have rows are now appearing one below the other ok. And now if I want to see what is the type of this my matrix here it will show it as a nump array ok ok. So when we are doing to do with this matrices and list we have to be very careful in indexing them and know what convention python follows to index them and as I said indexing always begins with 0. So if you want to access a particular element in your matrix or array you should be properly indexing them or like properly use the right index to get those elements. For example if you have an a what is a for us so far I have an a here which is defined as an array here right and it is an nump array and I want to get the elements in position 2 to 4. So I have if I want to that I can give this as a 2 to 4. So notice that 2 here means actually the third position and I want till the number 4 but by convention this last index is dropped let us see what I what I get. So if I execute that a elements between 2 to 4 it will show me the value 3 and 4. So 3 is fine because the position 2 actually the index 2 actually corresponds to the position 3 where 3 is there and after that we have element 4 and this 4 actually index 4 actually corresponds to position 5 but that is not displayed here ok. So it is only taking when this is basically taking difference between these two indexes and that difference is that many elements it is showing here ok. Now in this array if you want to see the last last 3 position we have to simply do minus 3 this is the same thing we did also for the list and the same thing works for the matrix also sorry same thing works for this nump array also and if you want to look into the particular element suppose I want to look into the 0th row and the first and I want to let us say 0 1th element of the matrix then this is same as saying I want I am interested in the 0th row and the first column and that one for us is this is let us say 0th row and first column this one. So this is yeah this one so I should get a value of 2 here and if I want to print only the second row I have to pass on the index 1 and write a colon here and I will get only the second row and if you similarly I want to get the second column I have to put the colon here and pass on the index for the column as simply 1 ok. Like range function we used earlier numpy has similar function which is a range array array maybe array range that is what that a has come and here if you want to print the elements like ok if you want to get the store the elements between 0 to 10 in a you can use the this command a np dot arrange 0 comma 10 let us execute this and see what happens now if you do this see you are getting all the values from 0 1 to up to 9. So notice that this is because this is now an array you do not say comma between them comma between the numbers here and again the last number is not displayed ok. Now if you want to see only certain parts of this elements let us say I want to see that only three dimension only take a three elements that are equally spaced between 0 to 10 you can use the command np dot linspace and here this is your range and you have to give this number 3 here represent the spacing between them and you are going to get this value 0 5 and 10. But here you see that the last number 10 is also included because we wanted spacing to be and we wanted three numbers which also are equally separated ok. And here you see that this dot here what this dot mean here this is basically saying that this number all this number got saved as floats ok. So because of that you see that instead of even though this 1 2 3 4 5 are all can be simply integers but because of this spacing you did now they are stored as float numbers and you are going to see a dot here ok. Now instead of you putting all the times the numbers into lists or arrays you can use sometimes you may have to deal with some randomly generated numbers you want some random numbers and for that this random functions comes handy that is there in the numpy. So if you want to generate let us say two random numbers which are between the interval 0 1 then you can use the rand function and give how many numbers of some numbers of that random numbers you want and that will generate let us execute this. So here when I execute this a this command and print its value you will see that I get two numbers which are between 0 1 and these are randomly generated. How it generated random numbers we have discussed in the course may be like it uses inversion sorry like maybe like we discussed various possible methods of generating this random numbers uniformly in the interval 0 1 right we said linear fissure registers and I think other methods of the shift based on the shifts we discussed. So maybe it will implement one of those methods and generate this. And if you want a matrix of the random numbers suppose you want a matrix of size 5 cross 5 filled with the random numbers we can use this again rand function with argument 5 comma 5 it creates a 5 cross 5 random matrix. So here it has displayed the random matrix it has generated. Now instead of all the times generate instead of getting the random numbers in the interval 0 1 you may be interested in getting random numbers which are integers maybe in some range suppose you want to generate random numbers in the interval 0 sorry 1 to 100 and you want 10 such numbers you can use this rand int function and whatever the value you get if you print you will see that I have gotten some 10 numbers here which are between 1 to 100 and these are like a randomly generated ok. So this random function is going to be very useful for us if you want to generate later samples according to a given inverse given function if you recall we said that if you want to generate a sample according to a function f let us assume that f is invertible then you can apply this f inverse on this uniformly generated random variables and whatever the transform numbers you get they are distributed as per your required distribution function. Operations on the matrix is also very straightforward in python. So some of the operations we do in matrix are we want to multiply them or invert them or do the transpose them they can be easily accomplished suppose we have this two matrix a and b and now you want to take a dot product between them all you need to do is np dot and pass on this two matrices a comma b a and b which will give you the multiplication and if you want to transpose all you need to do is a dot d actually this is straightforward you do not need even numpy for that to do the transpose you can simply put a dot d and if you also want to do inversion of that so we are going to use the inverse function available in the linear algebra part of the numpy library and you are going to use this function. So let us execute this so you can just verify that if you multiply this you are going to get this matrix and it is clear that the transpose of this matrix maybe it should I maybe I will just print a and b here for better visualization yeah. So this is one matrix for us and this is another matrix and it is clear that if I have to transpose I will get this and if I have to inverse I will get this. Now Python also helps us to provide some functions which we can call by passing certain argument it is not that we have to use all the time the inbuilt functions we can write our own function and as x first exercise here we are writing our first function so function is going to do a factorial of a given number find a factorial of a given number. So to define a function I have to follow the syntax define factorial n and now n is the argument it is going to take here the actual computation of the factorial is working so I will start with a variable which I am initialized to 1 and as long as this number n is greater than 1 this variable is going to get multiplied with itself and this n is keep on decrementing and obviously when n reaches value 1 this comes out and you see that n is multiplied by with all the values less than n up to 1 and that is exactly the factorial of n and when this is completed it will return me the value of fact that is the factorial of the number n that I have passed and we can make it. So let us execute let us understand what we are doing here like first here I am giving as input and now whatever the input I am going to give I am going to convert it to integer and then going to pass it to my factorial function and that is going to compute the factorial of that and give me. So see now when I executed this cell 32 it said an error because I have not had executed this cell previous cell where I have defined my factorial function let me execute this first and then execute this. Now see it is asking me let us say I want to compute the factorial of it and now it has computed its value to be this much. So here I could have written the same step by dividing into 3 parts first I would have asked enter a number then store it in some number and then convert it in the second line I could have converted into integer and in the third line I would have passed that number to the factorial function instead of that I could do everything in one line and I choose the same thing ok. So that is another thing very handy here when we want to play with all I mean when we want to compress or we want to write a very short codes this kind of writing this concatenated commands are very handy.


In this presentation we will discuss capital expenditures and revenue expenditures and the difference between the two using a forklift as an example when we go through the demonstrations. So we have the capital expenditures and the revenue expenditures and often the question is should something be capitalized as a capital expenditure or should it be expensed as a revenue expenditure. In other words what statement should the expenditure go under? If it is a capital expenditure it's going to go on the balance sheet. If it's a revenue expenditure it's going to go on the income statement. If we think about something like our forklift here the question is if we do some maintenance to the forklift is it a capital expenditure is something we should put on the balance sheet and then expense over time or is it something that we should expense in year one. Should we put it on the balance sheet as we do with the forklift itself and expense the cost over some useful life or should we put it on the income statement and just expense it as it happens. Now of course the difference between those would be if we capitalize the expenditure something like putting a whole new engine in the forklift for example it would then go on the balance sheet whereas if we did some maintenance on the forklift then we would put it on the income statement and there's always going to be some questions in terms of how much repairs and maintenance should be putting on the on the balance sheet and how much should be just expensed at the time of purchase. So expense recognition then would be deferred if we're talking about a capital expenditure meaning we're not going to write off the expense at the point in time we have the expenditure if we put a whole new engine into the forklift then we're going to put it on the books as an asset as we did with the forklift itself and then expense it over its useful life depreciated over its useful life and that means we're going to defer the expense and we're not going to lower net income in year one it will be lowering net income in later years whereas if it's just a normal repair then we can just write it off in this year we can put it on the books as an expense on the income statement recognize it and decrease net income note the different objectives we might have depending on whether we're looking at it in terms of wanting to look good for our financial statements or in terms of taxes so in terms of wanting to look good we would probably want to put it on the books as a capital expenditure and and note that wanting to look good or not look good is not the the reason for us putting it on one or the other we're trying to make our financial statements as fair as possible but sometimes it helps to look at some type of objectives that may be there in terms of do we want how would we look better how would we look worse when would someone want to look better or worse if we're talking about looking better to present our financial statements possibly for a loan or investment we'd probably want it on the capital asset because then we'd have more assets and we wouldn't be decreasing net income at the point in time of purchase if we wanted to look worse probably for taxes then we would want to recognize it as a revenue expenditure and expense it now have basically a deduction lowering net income lowering therefore the taxes when considering net income then under the capital expenditure it's going to be higher and at least the year of the expense so at the year of the expenditure that we have the payment that we make the net income would be higher because we wouldn't be expensing it at the point in time we make the payment we would be putting it on the books as an asset as we did for example with the forklift itself whereas if we were talking about a revenue expenditure net income would then be lower and again you can kind of see how that would relate to taxes if we were talking about taxes we would rather have a lower net income if we're talking about just looking good we would rather have a higher net income so we'd rather look good if we're trying to get investments or financing the company we would rather look worse if we're trying to lower our taxes that we end up paying from a tax standpoint the capital expenditure would result in higher taxes because we have the higher net income now of course this results in year one having higher taxes because we're not having anything on the income statement except for depreciation if it was depreciated during that time period we're not expensing the entire cost of it notes that it is a timing difference however and then in later years we're going to have the capital expenditure have lower revenue because we're going to be depreciating that that expenditure but no so it's going to work itself out over the time period over the life of the asset however for tax purposes we would typically want to lower taxes early just because of the time value of money so in the year of the expenditure the year we make the payment we're going to have higher taxes and if we had a preference we would rather have lower taxes now and typically higher taxes later if that's what had to happen rather than having higher taxes now and lower taxes later that's just the time value of money unless there's some other factor involved including tax rates going up or something like that in the future and then we have of course the revenue expenditure resulting in lower taxes at the point in the timeframe of the expenditure being made so and that is because we are expensing it at the point it's made so this can run into a lot of like tricky areas in terms of well what should we do in this particular case is it something that's going to be a capital expenditure or is it something we can just write off an expense during this current time period so to look at that we consider generally ordinary repairs which would be the revenue expenditures and the betterments and extraordinary repairs and those would be the things like the capital expenditures so things that you think of as normal repairs would typically just be expensed so if you think of the forklift you're thinking about things like maintenance on the forklifts if it doesn't increase the productivity of the forklift does not extend the useful life like an oil change or just normal maintenance on the forklift those types of things that we're doing to the forklift is just to maintain it it's not to change what it's doing it's not trying to say that it's now a forklift that can do more stuff than it did before it's not a forklift that's extending the useful life it's still normal maintenance to to achieve the normal useful life that we had already calculated it to be as long as that's the case then we will typically just expense it and and that'll be it on the other hand if it's a betterment and extraordinary repairs then we're going to capitalize it so that's going to be things like large overhauls so if we put a whole new engine into the forklift then you would think that that would extend the useful life and therefore be something that we should capitalize and not just be a normal expense of the forklift if it does extend the useful life beyond the original estimate then that would typically be a sign that we need to capitalize it because the original estimate when we bought the forklift said it had a useful life of so many time periods so many years based on normal maintenance if we do maintenance that is extraordinary that's going to extend that useful life then it is something that we should typically capitalize so if we have this forklift then we're talking about revenue expenditures would typically be something like the oil change maintenance normal type of things just to get the forklift to its normal maintenance process not things that are typically used in order to extend the life or have extraordinary betterment betterments or to make the forklift be able to achieve something it was not originally purchased to do and then if it's a capital expenditure then maybe it's a complete overhaul maybe we change the whole engine in it maybe we overhaul the forklift to have some job other than just being a forklift we make it into some other type of vehicle that can help us out with other type of operations if that's the case if it extends the useful life or changes the functionality of the forklift in some way some substantial way then we would basically want to capitalize the expenditure as we did with the forklift itself and then depreciate it over the useful life