Hopefully we don't get attacked this time. Oh my god. Yo, they're inside get away Hello humans and today we are back in Roblox and we're gonna be playing break-in which is basically a camping game Which we haven't played a camping game in like so long. I have no clue how long it's been But today we are back here and let's read the description to see what we're getting ourselves into it says moving day There are white brick balconies and absence of drapes nostalgic pictures lining the walls and the smell of new house But wouldn't staircase leads upstairs will 12 beds wait lamely for occupants the night may be stormy But there are 11 unfamiliar players for you to meet and the house full of secrets waiting to be discovered Oh and the murderers I almost forgot to mention the murderers Okay, so as we can see we're moving in into this random house And there's gonna be murderers which sounds insane already So it seems like they're gonna break in into our new house that we're moving into right so let's go jump into this What is this moving truck?  That is pretty cool, bro. Right, so we're waiting for this movie trick. Oh, we're moving and Off we go dude. She's like running on the you're not supposed to be doing that girl.  Well, it was moving Have arrived to our destination Okay. Oh my god. This is nice licking house. What does have 11 rooms? Hello, welcome to your new home. Oh, like there's a kitty cat here. Oh, it's not so friendly We try to click it. There are snacks hitting around there restore energy. Oh, dude. He's swinging at the back Okay, explore the house Click on things to interact with them. Okay, click on things tonight. That's what I just read Okay, so oh we found an apple. Oh, there's money Okay, let's take the moneys We are rich I'm quitting YouTube now. Goodbye guys. I will see you guys later Okay aunties mentees famous pie recipes to cook all the item in the hand and click one on one pie dish Okay, so we can cook some food Since I guess we do need energy. We need to buy a pie dish from the grocery store to use this What? Okay, so do we actually like go and buy stuff at the market or something? I Don't know that oh look blocksy mark 500 meter. Okay Why is this door have a giant lock and there's like there's fog coming out under the door. Oh Okay, we definitely need to break in that door later. Oh Look another apple my apple Okay, so as we can see guys so far we're collecting resources to prepare ourselves for the tragic the tragedy That's gonna happen later on Breaking news live in two minutes. Okay. We have two minutes to do whatever we want do Look at this house. I'm gonna go outside. Yo Throw a party out there. Oh, there is upstairs, but we'll check that out after I want to go have a part. Oh my god. There's people over there Hello neighbors Uncle Pete Hey, uncle Pete He wants an apple one apple and won't boxy sledge.  Hey Stop swinging at me. I will fight back. Okay I will fight back mr. Axel. All right, you know what I had enough of this guy Take this All right, it's all in the jacuzzi. Let's go chill The jacuzzi and we cannot go in here The jacuzzi is a lie just like the cake guys to never believe it Okay, blazer has found the lock box behind one of the paintings the code is somewhere in the basement Take a take a seat at the table dinner. We'll be here be here soon Okay, I found a code. Oh my god. All right, so there's a safe here All right, so my boy got this so it seems like We need to find some sort of code Oh, did I just heal him? Um, okay, instead of go sit down at the table So let's take a seat. Oh my god. What why are we like speed up? What is wrong with our character? Oh, thank you for healing me. I appreciate it, man Okay, can we heal people? How do you heal others? Okay, someone is at the door answer it. Um, all right. Let's go check it out. Let's go see, um Open Why is the door not opening? Tino opened the door Oh, it's a pizza delivery guy It's a pizza delivery, man. Hey, it's a pizza party now All right, let's go have some pizza everybody We'll stop trying to beat me up some slices appear bigger than the others All right. Oh, look at this Wait, should we save our pizza? Because our energy is not all the way down. I'm gonna save my pizza slice for later on We got to be resourceful I'm gonna go upstairs Since I haven't checked it out yet the blue room My god, this room is really blue Okay, nothing here Uh-oh, um guys, why is the lights flickering? It might be because of the rain right the storm what happened to the lights. I have no idea, man Okay, there's a toilet. Oh, it flushes. Nice. The television is still running That's a bit odd How's the tv still running if everything else is off? Oh my god, it's about to start three two one. Everybody take a seat. Everybody sit down And watch the tv. Well, I will make you watch the tv. Okay emergency broadcast Uh-oh Dude the purge has begun the villains on the loose Okay, so we're we're alive during the purge. This is not good This is not a drill. Oh god What have we got? Okay Scary larry. Oh my god. Scary larry doesn't look so scary But I mean he might be like a powerful man or something and that's what makes him scary All right, you guys so this is not a drill. Hopefully nothing to worry about. Yes, you'd like the tv made it pretty Worried about. Okay. It's bedtime sleeping gives you time. Okay, so we have to go to sleep to get energy I don't think I need to go to sleep. My energy is pretty full all the way up But you know what let's just go take a quick little nap.  Come on Dude this guy jumping on me. That is not nice Loud snores.   What's all that ruckus? Dude I hear like something getting beaten up or something Or like something getting smacked You guys hear that right? I don't know if you can hear that you can't sleep right now Yeah, I'm trying to get out of here, but the door is locked for some reason Okay, I wonder what just happened Oh a cookie. Yes. I love cookies Okay, the green one was attacked last night. Oh no everyone survived Dude they attacked the green room the blue room was attacked last night. Everyone survived dude. We didn't get attacked Okay, um They're coming for us. We cannot let another attack happen Well, we cannot but it's up to us if it happens or not There are boards in every main rooms board up every door and window Alrighty, we will try our best to board up every window. Oh my god Dude the doors. I mean the windows are all broken Okay, so let's get to work everybody Everybody team work makes the dream work So let's get to it. Okay, let's board this up Okay, so so far so good. What is that laptop currently in use? My god, what are you doing on the laptop yo? Help us out jabroni Oh, he turned on the oh nice So the basement is open and we can go get weapons now to protect ourselves My god, this is one giant window Okay, I'm gonna go grab a weapon. I'm about you guys. I want to feel safe Even though I do have a baseball bat, but Basement is open now. No, it's not dude. There's a giant lock The door's locked, but holly has a key holly. Where are you at? Come open this door Holly open the doors dude. She was like over here in the kitchen. What is she doing? holly You got the key and we need you to open the door, please I will take care of this window for you There you go. Okay, please go open the door I don't think she has a clue that she has the key guys Or maybe she does now she doesn't dude. What are you? Come on holly. You're going the wrong way My god holly She's not listening She's all like the kitty cat.  She is over here just running around Um, you have the key open the door Where's she at holly? Where'd she go? Oh my god, she disappeared Holly's never gonna open that door. Is she she did a great job at protecting the house This should hold them back Well, look, let's click the cat. I want to see him get mad. Oh Okay, woofy and blazer did the most protecting the house. No, I did all the work I know I did all the work. I saw myself on my witness Okay, holly open the door. We did holly go You have the key open the door You have the key open the door. There are three uh pizza slices left Hey, my pizza Okay, pizza will be given to three people sitting at the table Oh my god, so now it's like the hunger games out here. We're fighting for food guys.  I mean, I already have a slice of pizza, but having two wouldn't hurt My no, that is my slice of pizza Yeah, big chongos Why is the pizza spinning? I'm hungry. Yes. I knew the pizza was destined for me Because me and pizza go a long way Okay, I'm gonna save my slice Uh-oh guys the lights went out again Defend everybody get ready to defend All right. Oh my god, look at the kitty cat kitty cat. You better get crazy on them. They're outside. Oh, no They have arrived everyone. We have to hope the boards will be enough to hold them back Oh my god, okay get ready Get to your rooms and go to your bed protect your friends I mean, I'm gonna protect myself, but I'll try my best to protect everybody else I'll try my best Okay, so wait what we're just gonna go to sleep while they're outside Like aren't we supposed to stay awake and defend the fort Instead of falling asleep. This guy is not taking anything serious. Look at him. I am no tired All right, well watch my back. Oh no Hopefully we don't get attacked this time. Oh my god. Yo, they're inside get away Oh, okay, so we're legit smacking these guys Oh, dude, I'm oh, okay, we knocked him out. All right, take this guy down All right, he's done for Oh monies No, why'd you take my monies? All right, that was his money guess right Me and blazer took him out That's pretty insane. How did they manage to get up here? Like we're on the second story The blue room was attacked last night. Everyone survived thankfully And then the pink room was attacked last night and everybody survived as we can see because I was in the pink room Taking care of business Oh, what is that the boards, um, can we go up here? The boards weren't enough to hold them back. Thankfully they retreated head downstairs and checked out on the windows and doors Be careful. What did somebody just jump out of the window? It's too high to enter. Maybe there's a ladder somewhere All right, let's go look for a ladder in the basement. Okay, there are three bedrolls in the basement Only some you won't be able to get sleep tonight. Uh-oh, that's not good Oh ranch, why can't I get the ranch? It's oh, it's blue team. Wait, it's blue. No, wait, it's not a team I don't know. I can't get it Sleep guys show the weapons. You only need one I need some sleep. So I'm gonna take a nap real quick Because she has a mad kid I don't need rest. I'm fine. Oh She sacrificed her sleep for us All right rise and shine mr. Fatty cat Oh, he took 10 of my house Thanks a lot, man Now I'm 10 less howl Like I was just wandering All right, I guess it's morning Let's see, um Let's go over here 1785.  We must completely run out of supplies.  Yes, it is. There's ow What did we just slip? You could slip on the eyes. Do not slip on the eyes. Yes. Might be a little too late for that But thanks for letting me know Okay, wait, can you go in through here? Oh Okay, let's just pretend like I didn't miss the door. What are we supposed to buy again? Buy a med kit. Oh, no only have $50 Wow, let's buy a cookie We should have bought what else can we afford we can't afford anything else. Oh my god. Wait, what is this thing? Okay, uh 20 20 robux for $20 Yeah, let's just save our money Okay, so we had a cookie and we still have one more med kit. You know what I think I'm gonna have to buy this So I can get more healing items.  Dude. He fell over too Yo, hurry up, man. You didn't want to get frozen out here He fell over again Dude, come on Did you not learn from the first time and he fell over for a third time? Poor guy. You are next. Oh guys. No, I'm not Because I'm gonna survive guys save food for the boss fight Oh great I don't think I'm gonna have enough for the boss fight to be honest Or survive it, but I can revive myself if we die. Oh, there's a You can take these Okay, it's getting late get me home before we get before the doors lock for the night Okay, so we have to make sure everybody's back Before we get locked out Okay, click on things. Yeah, so everything moves here, huh? I need heal You got a block to kill the man. What's this? Are you kicking something blazer? All right, so Nightfall has approached us Let's see how this goes My god, it's only five of us left All right, let's see if we can handle this everyone Jailbreak Good job grabbing supplies at the grocery store. I think we're all older pizza For dinner the pizza will be here some once You're gonna make the poor pizza delivery guy come through this purge neighborhood and drop off some pizza And why is he even working pizza right now? Like why is there people delivering food and there's a purge happening? Oh, he died heart my god All right, no someone's at the door answer it Oh my god, that is not the pizza guy. That is a purge guy because he is dressed in black I know that's a purge guy Or maybe it's I told you guys Oh, no, he has bamboozled us Uh-oh Oh gosh Um guys what now? Hey defeat the pizza guy All right, so now we got to fight this Gibraltar guy with the fancy mustache.  I'm just getting smacked. I'll take it like a man. Don't worry You guys help me. Come on I'm not gonna be able to fight this guy off about myself Okay, this is not looking good for us. We're just getting smacked No, but let me let me take my my mad cat because I am very low on energy You cannot hear yourself. Dude. What? Okay, so I can only heal other people here. Let me heal you Yo, I got you my man. Stop moving Right. There you go. Let me trick my stuff All right. I think we should be good for now Thanks. No problem, man. I'm just trying to beat this Yo blazer help us out, man Oh, look it looks like he got confused or he's dazed because he has that thing on his head Okay, we almost got this take this fancy mustache My god, I think the mustache is the one giving them powers Yes, finally jeez That took forever very low. Somebody heal me I cannot heal myself unfortunately Okay, good job Time to go to bed We're gonna skate the house tomorrow. Dude. We could have just left the house from the get-go Like why we stay in the house all these days and suffer But whatever let's go to our beds. Oh great. They broken. Oh, no Guys wake up. There's somebody in here I'm gonna let them fight Dude, why she's leaving? I'm gonna let them take them on because I'm low, but I'll help them out.  You can't sleep right out. I know we can't but I'm trying to survive Warning low energy You guys can when you guys heal me. I'm pretty beat up The blue room was attacked last night. Oh, what's that? What's that noise? I need heal I mean I need heal too, but I got you All right, another alarm is going off. Yeah, I can totally hear that thing Yo, heal me. You have a med kit. I need some healing Oh, you have no heal charges. Uh-oh. What is this? Oh, no, it's scary larry This is not gonna be good And I have low health My god, why is he walking so slow scary larry is coming this way? We need to escape now Once I guess it's now or never, huh? All right find a sewer. I'm sure we'll be safe down there. He went to get a soda. Oh, there's pizza All right, I guess I'll just take all this other pizza to myself. Wait, so we're supposed to get to the sewer Dude, why is she running the opposite way? Oh Don't compete. I'm sorry, man. You're on your own gotta get out of here All right, so Oh, this green poop water down here. This is not good, but at least we're getting to safety My god, this place sounds scary The sewer's flooded great. Just what we wanted, right? guys Oh, no, he's drowning Somebody help him How do you help him? I can't help you, man Look, um, I can't help this guy How do I heal her? Okay, so we do this now Oh god, come on It's gonna flood again. Hurry great No I'm stuck in the water Oh my god Oh, no now blazer stuck How do I help him? Why can I help him? How do I help this guy? Did I jump on him? Yeah, I was not supposed to jump on him dude. I was clicking on him the whole time I was clicking on his body and I it wouldn't help him out Did I try and help him blazer and they wouldn't let me pick him up? Okay, this does not look good guys What is going on with that thing it's glitching so bad Okay, have a wrench Oh, what's up, man? Uh-oh, oh no scary larry's here Run Well There is no way to run too. Oh gosh. Do we have to fight this guy? What is he doing? My god. Oh gosh great.  That's about to change. Oh gosh. We'll see about that.  Oh gosh Uh, what's a rose without some thorns? Oh, dude, what does guy has powers? Where did he get these powers from my god, this guy does not stop He is a mad man All right, I think we got it here.  It's just right there. All right you You did it. Yes, I did it man, of course Scary larry has been defeated That wasn't so hard. It was just that he kept spinning and he would take forever All right, um someone lowered the ladder it looked like it's safe to climb What it just randomly appeared. All right.  How is he a ghost? Congratulations more on these coming soon if people enjoy the game Oh my god. How is he still alive here?  All right. Well, let's go back to the lobby. Let's head out of here. Oh Oh, I teleport you back. All right, you guys while this was breaking story and roblox. It was inspired by camping itself Oh, look a kid. See how we look as a little kid. Oh We have a big old head We have one giant head All right, you guys well, thank you guys for watching thank you guys for the main support If you guys enjoyed the video make sure to slap the like button To the channel make sure to subscribe and turn that notification bell on and I will see you guys in the next one. Ye


Hey, welcome back everybody. Jeff Frick here with theCUBE. We are at the Open Compute Project Summit. It's a mouthful, they call it OCP for short. 2017 at the Santa Clara Convention Center. Really excited to have a very special guest. We've had him on every year since we've been coming to the show. And he is the original founding, now former executive director of Open Compute Project. But now he's been doing his own thing for a couple years. Cole Crawford, now the founder and CEO of Vapor. I know Cole, always great to see you. Hey, thanks for the invite. Absolutely, and of course, if you haven't followed Cole on Twitter, you'd have the best Twitter header photo of anybody that I've ever seen. Oh, sure, it's literal. It's literal. We won't tell you what it is, go check it out. Go check it out. All right, so first off, impressions of the show. You obviously set this thing up at the beginning. It's growing, vibrant community, a lot of big brains walking around that really are the brains that power the technology behind the cloud. Yep, awesome. I mean, I think this is really a community coming into its skin. It's nice to see the innovation happening across industries now. So Open Compute, when it started, was a rack and a server and some storage. And now we've got Telco. We've got sort of TIP being born out of that project. You've got the ARM ecosystem. You've got companies like Microsoft having lots of supporters for their Olympus project. It's really good to see the innovation, the collaboration, and just the community that's growing up. It's really interesting how open source and community drive innovation and what a different model that was than the old model, which was all proprietary, all in-house. I just had to have the smartest guys in the room. That has completely turned on its head. It's not even possible anymore. I mean, the smartest companies on the planet now have to look beyond their four walls. You know, I spent 25 years in this industry and it used to be that you could go into a data center and do everything. And now the technical complexity of everything that exists out there, that you're not going to find the smartest people within your four walls, so you have to go out to community. Right. So great story and congratulations to you and the team for getting it started. And I'm sure you're like a proud papa watching it, you know, kind of run up, not necessarily under your tutelage anymore, but grow up and mature and really be so vibrant. I think there's a lot of proud people. I mean, certainly the companies that started this initiative, obviously Facebook and Rackspace and Intel, just really fantastic vision that those companies had in seeding something that I don't think that we expected this. I remember when the nonprofit, when we launched it, before it was even really a nonprofit, Mark Zuckerberg, the cleaning ladies were cleaning up trays in the Facebook cafeteria. And here we are. And here we are, that's great. All right, so now we shift gears. Now you're running Vapor.io. So I remember last year you were getting still pretty new into it when we talked at the show. Give us an update on what's going on with Vapor. Yeah, I mean, we're taking a lot of the technology that gets built and we've contributed to a lot of the technology that's been built into OCP. Some of our co-founders have participated in the hackathons here and have done well in those hackathons to the point of I think being banned from those hackathons. But we're big fans of what OpenCompute can do both from a sort of centralized data center standpoint, but also, we're at Mobile World Congress last week and obviously there's a big need for solving sort of the 40 zettabytes. I mean, it was funny. I remember Frank Frankowski, the founding chairman of OpenCompute being on stage years ago saying 20, 20, 40 zettabytes. And we're probably out accelerating that expected growth curve for data. And we're going to have to solve this stuff not just in our big core data centers and not just our sort of regional data lakes and exchanges, but out at the last mile edge. We've found a really nice niche in that space at the edge. So let's unpack that a little bit. So the first thing, it's a huge topic at Mobile World Congress, another giant show, 100,000 plus people, 5G, a lot of talk about 5G. And it's cool and it's cool handsets and everybody had their new handsets. But what we thought was mainly exciting was the IoT enabler of 5G and with autonomous vehicles and all this edge computing. Your take on that opportunity to really be a game changer for the IoT space? Yeah, I mean, look, forget the amount of data stored, think about the amount of data created. And IoT with wearables and like you said, autonomous vehicles from cars to drones to low latency applications to cloud ingest applications. There are some very complex things that are going on right now. And I think infrastructure and software running on that infrastructure in an open way are going to be driving forces which will enable that world to maybe one day look a lot like this world. It'll be really fun to see how TIP potentially commoditizes what was once a proprietary server for a server vendor. That base station now looks very much like a proprietary server that's primed for disruption. Right. And software is such a key piece of it. We've had a lot of conversation with folks at GE and you talk about kind of how do you optimize? Well, what are you optimizing for, say, in a windmill farm? Are you optimizing for that windmill? Are you optimizing for that hill? Are you optimizing for the whole farm? Are you optimizing for the grid and the decisions you make and the control actions that you take are widely differentiated based on what your objective is based on the priority? That's right, that's right. And I think that really, you know, a lot of people use the term software defined data center. And I don't think that's actually technically correct. A lot of this stuff can't be pure software, but you can have data-driven data centers.  The entire data center at the edge has to be intelligent and has to solve for QOS and service level agreements and writing policies that has to be done in software. You can't have that done in hardware. Not to mention things like dirt and environmental conditions and vibration and all the things that you don't have at the beautiful pristine data center. That's exactly right. They're rugged environments and building to withstand the elements, building to withstand the harsh connectivity issues that you have out there. You don't have sort of these closets and these core environments that allow you to walk into, it's funny, there's that saying, there's two types of jobs, jobs that you shower before work and jobs where you shower after work. If you work at the data center, you might be doing both and certainly out at the edge. That's great. So, I'll let you have the last word. What should we be looking for from you and from Vapor in 2017? I'd say look for us to be disrupting potentially some 5G telemetry and really this world of true disaggregated edge cloud. All right, well, Cole, once again, congratulations on everything you helped create and build, I know you didn't do it by yourself, but you're certainly a huge driving force and congratulations on what you got going on with Vapor. Thanks so much. Glad to be here. Thanks for the invite. He's Cole Crawford. I'm Jeff Frick. You're watching theCUBE from Open Compute Project Summit 2017 in Santa Clara, California. Thanks for watching.


And this is Dr. Ruscio, and let's discuss if you're truly hypothyroid. This is something that I've discussed in the past, but I just got out of a visit with someone who was told that they were hypothyroid, and they were put on armor thyroid, and they felt terribly the entire time, actually gaining weight, losing hair, becoming more fatigued, having lower moods, and having trouble with sleeping. Now why might this happen? Well perhaps you've heard me comment before that while I appreciate much of what the feel of integrative and alternative medicine does as someone who practices in that field, unfortunately I think the liberal use of using thyroid medication and doling out a diagnosis of being hypothyroid has gotten so bad to the point now where we really need to call attention to it and amend this problem. Now what happens here? Well in functional medicine we will sometimes use ranges that are a bit narrower than conventional medicine will use, and this in some cases has merit. However we have to be careful with being too liberal in how tight of a range we use because the downside of that is we can start diagnosing people with a condition who actually don't have it, and therefore patients can be treated with treatments that they don't actually need. And this is exactly what is happening more often than not. I would say now I probably see a case of this a month and I just got done with one. And so it is something that needs to be called attention to. And I don't think it's the fault of the provider, I think the providers are trying to do the best they can, I think the problem emanates from the fact that the educational model and functional and alternative medicine might be a bit too progressive. So what happens is someone is told that they have hypothyroid when they actually don't. And so the short story is if you're seeing a natural provider or even a conventional provider who's operating in more of an integrative and functional and progressive model, again that's a good thing, but to safeguard against the fact that the person you might be working with might be operating under a model that's way too progressive with the use of thyroid hormone, I would get a second opinion. Now there's a fairly easy way to check this even if you can't get a second opinion. If your TSH is not flagged high by the lab and correspondingly your free T4 is not flagged low by the lab, by the lab, not by the clinician, but the lab would have a high next to it or bold or out of range, if you don't see both of those then you most likely do not need thyroid hormone. Now for someone who is suffering and not feeling well, I understand someone telling you, oh these thyroid levels aren't where they should be and this could explain your fatigue, your depression, your constipation, your loose and falling hair. I understand how attractive that is, but it's important that we don't fall prey to a promise that does not have the appropriate substantiation attached to it. And unfortunately I think this is happening more often than it should be in the realm of integrative and functional medicine care for thyroid. Now on the other side of the coin, I'm not fully in opposition to someone who may have non-optimal levels of thyroid hormone performing a trial on a thyroid hormone medication to see if they feel better. But I would say after four to 12 weeks, one to three months, if someone's not clearly feeling better, clearly feeling better, then that is likely not something to be used and that I think is the most progressive statement that we can make. So if you are told by a progressive minded provider, it doesn't matter if they're an MD or a DC or an ND or what have you, if you're told by a provider that you have hypothyroidism, I would inquire if it's true hypothyroidism or if it's non-optimal thyroid function but not hypothyroid and try to discern that in the conversation with the clinician. And I would also either get a second opinion or look at the labs yourself. And if you're not seeing flagged high TSH paired with flag low free T4, then you may want to be a bit more cautious before you jump on a thyroid hormone. I understand the appeal is there, but if you're given hormone and you don't need it, you can actually have an exacerbation of your symptoms and feel worse. Now, there's a time and a place for considering a trial of thyroid hormone. Yes, but I would first recommend going through a protocol to improve your lifestyle and your diet and your gut health because this can be the source. And in fact, in this case, I'm referring to this gal clearly has digestive symptoms that are likely driving her fatigue. And as we get her digestion better, as she's less bloated, less constipated and has less abdominal pain, I'm very confident her fatigue will improve. So I would make one of the first couple maneuvers be look to your diet and lifestyle, look to your gut health. My book Healthy Gut Health U does lay out a plan for both of these in case you're in need for that. But before you jump to the thyroid hormone, whatever plan you do, I would take steps to improve your diet and your lifestyle and your gut health, then reevaluate your symptoms because the need for this thyroid hormone may not be there and make sure you are crystal clear in knowing that you actually need to thyroid hormone before you go on it because while, yes, oftentimes thyroid hormone level optimization is typified as being this holy grail of wellness. Unfortunately, when you are not hypothyroid and you are given hormone, the hormone can actually make you feel worse. And that's, of course, kind of productive and something that we want to avoid. So this is Dr. Rishal. Hopefully this information helps you get healthy and get back to your life. Thanks.


Salaam alaikum. Hello. It's a real great pleasure to be here. Thanks for the great intro. It's really, it's interesting to see all of you from different cultures, different ages, so I'm very pleased to be here. I was born in Germany and lived in Germany, moved to America when I was 20, to San Francisco, became a musician, a jazz musician for 10 years, and then got on the internet, moved back to Switzerland. So I'm a little bit of an American, a German, a Swiss guy. These days I live on the plane, more or less, but I run a company called the Futures Agency. Can I have a little bit more monitor please up here? So thank you. The Futures Agency is a company that essentially tries to bring the future to our clients. We work with lots of clients all over the world who are very busy just doing their business, and they don't really have time to look ahead, whether it's a month or a year or five years. So what we do, we have about 20 associates. We look at trends from all over the world, and we bring that into companies to figure out what the next business model would be. So my job really as a summary, oh before I forget this, congratulations to this. Obviously big deal. I think it's going to be great. I'm not much of a football fan, I have to admit, but still I think it's going to be great for you to have that here. So basically what I do is this. It's really an easy job. I listen. And I have two kids, 16 and 21. All I have to do is to listen to them. I always say the future is like listening to a 15 year old. Then you in some way, you know the future. My Twitter handles are G Leonhardt and Futures Agency. Forgot this. A couple of my clients are companies like MTN, Vodafone, Deutsche Telekom, mobile companies, Google, Nokia, many, many others that we work with around the world. Most importantly, as a futurist, I'm not about predictions. I don't have a glass bowl where I look inside and say, okay, like this, right? That's not what I do. I work with what's called foresight. I look at developments and I try to work backwards to say, okay, in two or three or five years, we can expect the following. That's quite different than predictions. So let's keep in mind. Now, Henry Ford was quoted saying this. If I had asked people what they wanted, Henry Ford made, of course, the car, the first commercially produced car. He said that if I had asked people, said they want faster horses. But Henry Ford didn't invent faster horses. He invented the car. He asked people, of course, didn't get an answer. We sometimes have to look beyond the obvious. One step beyond the obvious. As an example, the person that's brilliant at looking one step beyond the obvious is Steve Jobs. The touchscreen computer, the iPhone, all these things was just one step beyond the obvious. Don't believe me, Nokia would have had a person like this, but maybe they will eventually come up with that again. So I think we're only at the beginning at the tip of the iceberg of the digital content revolution. Today, there's 4.3 billion people on mobile phones and roughly 1.8 billion on the Internet. The next three years will have every single person who has a mobile phone connect to the Internet as well. Think about what that will do. Right now, broadband Internet is only really for the rich, okay, especially on the mobile. The future would be completely different. Every single person with a cheap mobile device connected to the Internet. And of course, you know, since you live here, I don't, I live in Switzerland. The Middle East has the highest Internet penetration, pretty much, of any territory, including Europe and the US. If you look at statistics, you can't really see them because they're too small here, but Qatar has added in the last 10 years 1,353% of Internet participants' growth. So the growth that goes on in this region is phenomenal. I think you can expect a lot more of this. Having said that, I think a lot more money has to be invested in a faster infrastructure, obviously, 3G, 4G, LTE, before we can really talk about the digital explosion. But basically, what we see happening around the world is that broadband Internet access completely changes broadcasting, broadcasting, television, radio. All of a sudden, we can do this. We can connect to lots and lots of other ways of getting entertainment and content through applications through the Internet, through Facebook, which is half of the population in this country is on Facebook. You probably knew that, probably more than half, and only one-third in Switzerland. So broadband will revolutionize broadcasting. And if we look at this, it's probably going to be a combination of the two. But in television, for example, just to give you an example, this phenomenon of people connecting to each other, YouTube, 75% of YouTube traffic is done by links. People don't go to youtube.com. They get a link from somebody. It's done through a network system. It's a whole different logic of how that works. And it's essentially the network effect. And this network effect used to be just the kids or the geeks or the weird people. Today, the network effect is for every single person. This is a huge difference. The biggest growth in what's called social media, the biggest growth is between 35 and 55 years old. It's not the kids. So if you're thinking of all that weird Internet stuff as the kids, that's no longer the case. You're not safe. It's not just the kids. So the network effect is crucial, and we're going from a world that was like this, big companies, big banks, maybe big government, to a world that goes like this. Of course, we have both. We still have big companies and big government and big taxes and what have you. I live in Europe where we have that. But still, this is a huge shift. All of a sudden, it's user empowerment. We can go on the Internet, compare the prices for an airline ticket. We can criticize a restaurant. We can meet somebody strange on Facebook or Twitter that gives us advice about something that's all kinds of things that are happening that are basically about user empowerment. And this is basically what's happening as the user is getting control. What used to be called the consumer, the couch potato. All of a sudden, at home, my wife who is very much into watching some TV shows, she's on cable TV, but I use Apple TV and Hulu and the Internet. So we're always fighting about who gets to pick the program because I like user control. And that's the trend. That's where we're going. And if you're in the traditional media business, newspaper, television, radio, publishing, you're in this spot right now. It's a little bit hard to see, but there's a surfer surfing on the wave here, while there's a tornado coming up. You're in this position right now, you're still happily surfing, selling yellow pages and books and magazines, right? But the reality is this tornado is going to completely redo the beach. So basically companies now lose control of their customers and their markets. When new technologies and the behavior, they enable the users to interact on their own terms. And this is not some kids of California hippy stuff, right? This is everyday reality now for every single computer. Look at this, right? MTV was the destination for cool music videos for a long time, and only took 18 months of these guys to replace them. 18 months to beat a company that's been around for almost 20 years. Now, if you want to see a cool music videos, where do you go? You don't, you don't wait for Viva television or MTV. Are you still watching MTV? They're still around, right? But this is where everybody goes now for cool videos. A little bit hard to see this slide. But now you have the Huffington Post, one of the leading blogs for politics and economics in the US, in a very short time, the Huffington Post has more traffic than the Washington Post, one of the oldest newspapers in the world. In a very short time, look at the blue line of the Huffington Post, right? How did they do it? They came up with this called social news. You log into the Huffington Post, you become part of what they do with the content, you do the rating and the commenting, and all of a sudden using this very simple tool which took a program about one day to program this, right? Social news, right? And of course, they use these badges, you can earn badges if you're active, which takes about 30 minutes for a programmer. And of course, they are on the mobile. Using these very simple approaches with 40 people, they have 40 people and stuff. How many people does the Washington Post have? 8,000? I don't remember, but a lot. And that traffic is exploding. Facebook now reaches more people than newspapers in the Middle East. All of the Facebook users are more than copies of newspapers. You may have seen this app, Mid-East Youth. Anybody know this app? It's an app that allows people to connect in all different languages in the Middle East. It's very popular among kids now called the Mid-East app. So, can I keep the picture on the monitor, please? So, if you're looking at what's happening around the world is that this is becoming a very, very popular motif, right? Is people don't want to wait anymore. People are also not interested what Google Search says a year ago was the best restaurant in Doha. That's what you find on Google, right? If you go to search.twitter.com or Facebook, you find a restaurant where somebody was there yesterday, leaving a comment, right? Completely different. It's about today. It's about real time stuff, right? Real time social mobile open. Can we put the picture on the front again, please? So, I can see my slides. So, you have applications like the Consumer Report, right? Where you can compare prices when you're in the shop. You have Netflix streaming on your mobile. You have Spotify, which is a mobile music app that's very popular all over Europe and Sweden and so on, where you can listen to six million songs on your mobile phone. You have the Kindle. You have this thing called Instapaper, which I use. It's a fantastic iPhone app that allows you to read articles offline. Ever since I started having Instapaper, I don't print anymore. 150 pages a day is what I used to print. Take it all on the airplane in my back, right? Now I use Instapaper, no more printing. So, these kind of things, real time, social, mobile and open, that is a huge change in our society. And Wendy Clark, who's the Vice President at Coke, she says, now we're living in a landscape that's liquid and linked, right? That looks like this. We're living in a society that's about linking and connecting to each other. As for example, Al Jazeera has showed the world pretty much along with CNN, how to use social media on television. This is a very good example of what we're seeing around the world in television. So if you're looking at this number, this number shows the amount of data that's being generated on the internet. And this data is generated by people clicking a like button, sending an email to somebody, or liking something, rating it, forwarding it, sharing it, right? This data is exploding because all of a sudden we're all running around with mobile devices. We're all doing these things on the mobile. It's a whole different way of doing things. So now the amount of data which currently is 800,000, 0.8 zettabyte, that's basically the amount of iPads from here to the moon, that's 0.8 zettabyte, it's exploding the 35 zettabyte. This amount of data is 80% generated by the users, not by media companies, not by newspapers, but by us. So here's something I want to share with you. I think it has special relevance here in this country. Data is the new oil. In an oil economy, this is becoming very interesting. All the data that we generate as users, what we share, our location, what we like, which web pages we go to, what we see, what we say on the web, what we share generates huge amounts of data. And every single company in the world wants my data as a user. So they can sell something to me. That's how advertising works. Brands and companies spend per year $1 trillion to reach consumers. $1 trillion. Half of that money is going to go into a digital process of finding the right prospect buyers. And data mining. So data is truly becoming the most powerful thing in media and in business in general is data, right? It's a question of who gets the data, gets it out of the ground, who refines it, who uses it, and who shares it, and who has permission. There's a huge amount of potential conflicts with data. You're using my data without permission. You're using too much of it. You share with the wrong person. You know, all these things that we see now every single day about data. And wars were fought over oil. Now wars will fought, will be fought over data. Virtual wars, hopefully. So big opportunity in my view is data. If you're looking at this as a potential future of Qatar, you know, maybe I can propose this, the knowledge economy, which seems to be the official sort of slogan already, right? It's about knowledge. It's about social commerce. And it's about data related technologies. Technologies that are able to match people and offer them stuff and work on advertising, which I'll talk about in a second. But data related technologies, I mean, that's basically what Google does. So that is the future of what we're going to see here. Now the past of media, as I'm sure you're very aware of was this, right? Monopolies, controlled environments. I'm not saying this badly, just analysis. Okay, walled gardens. And of course, the biggest culprits here were the telecoms. In Germany, before there was telecom regulation, you could not oppose to anything, because there was no alternatives. It was completely walled garden, right? Vodka's culture was about disconnected walled centralized television. And this worked for a long time. Trillions of dollars were made. All of a sudden, we're now entering a time of where everything gets to be a lot faster. So the half life is shrinking. You guys know this company, AT&T. In America, AT&T was the dominant phone company called Mar-Bell for 100 years. This company, Universal Studios, was the dominant producer of motion pictures for 60 years. And of course, still is dominant to some degree. This company, very similar, 50 years. This company, Microsoft, 25 years. They dominated. This company, Google, how long did they dominate? Until now. 10 years. Google is already significantly threatened by the likes of Facebook, Twitter, and others. 10 years. So the time of domination is going to be like shh, shrinking like this. Now Facebook, time of domination, one more year. Three years. So the time frame is going like this. This is also why we don't have to worry about internet monopolies. They're just no time. We'll never have a monopoly like Universal Studios on the internet because there's too many things happening. So if we look into the future, we're already seeing a piece of this. But as I said earlier, broadband internet is only roughly about 900 million people who are actually in a fast connection. So it's not that many. Now all of a sudden, internet access on the mobile phone creates this that we're all connecting to each other. And I call this broadband culture. Broadband culture is global. It's also very local. But it's a connected culture. And I can assure you a connected culture as Marshall McLuhan has said 1971 is not about peace, harmony and quiet, right? A connected culture is a lot of discussions, a lot of back and forth, and quite a bit of chaos at times. Because when you have a lot of people connecting, it can't be quiet. How can you expect the world to be quiet when it looks like this? So television is a quiet world, right? Because we can't say anything. Is there going to broadcast no matter what it does? So we're entering what Creative Commons chief Larry Lessig calls a new cultural economy. How does this work? When we're all connected? Who's going to pay who? Can I still sell my books? Can I still make music and get money and get paid for it? Who pays whom? Should they pay me or should I pay them? How does this all work? What are the rules? We're still very much at the beginning of this question. Having said that, I think there's one thing that we can see already today, that the future media business is about being connected parts. It's almost impossible now to run an empire like Disney, like Universal Studios. Not because they're bad, but because it's a very complex world, right? Everything connects to everything. The future of content is about interconnected business models. As again, Al Jazeera is proving, you have to connect the web and the television. Because the future isn't just the web, but it definitely isn't just television. It's both interconnected business models. As the president of Google China, who is no longer there, for obvious reasons, he said, it's mutual interest rather than a monopoly. That's the key to growth. That in my view is also the key to peace, of course. Mutual interest. We have in media, for example, the constant debate about the telecoms should pay for illegal content. Google should pay for the links. All these discussions, in the end, it comes down to this, we have to create business models based on mutual interest. Here are some of them. If you're looking at these models, you're saying, okay, why is Wikipedia worldwide number three or four or five in the entire use of the internet is Wikipedia? It doesn't own anything. It doesn't hire anybody. It doesn't even write its own content. I mean, why? And why is Twitter so popular? 40 people, 140 characters. Why is Facebook, NPR, Android, Google, and the Huffington Post? Why are they successful? Because now they're connected environment like this. So that's the future. We're going in this direction, which means a lot of networked scenarios. The Guardian, the biggest newspaper now, English-speaking newspaper on the web, the chief of the Guardian says mutuality is the business model. In other words, if I make money, you make money, we make money, but it's not just I make money, you make nothing in terms of media. So what we're seeing here is a mutual business model, which will be actually quite hard to do. Because the reality is this, right? I no longer have the domination scheme here on the bottom, but in this landscape, I'm going to deal with content providers, advertisers, telecoms, and device makers. Those are the four pieces. And it can just be that money is only made by the telecoms or by the content people, right? Future business model will involve making money together.  You stuff those four people into the mixer, you push the button. Out comes the business model. That is, of course, the business model of Facebook. Facebook is the biggest broadcaster in the world. Facebook is bigger than the BBC and Al Jazeera and CNN together. Right now, every six minutes spent on the internet is spent on Facebook. Now imagine if Facebook said we're going to add a TV license. We're going to add a music channel. We're going to add games, which they already have, of course, right? Making lots and lots of money, right? Facebook becomes with one sweep the biggest content provider, the biggest infrastructure of content ever. I call this telemedia. So you're lucky, because you are now growing up in a lot growing up, but you're not growing into an era of telecom and media, where we have the convergence of the two, which I think will be very exciting, often all kinds of ideas. So basically the collaboration of all these pieces of the puzzle, that's where we're going to go. Which brings me to this juicy question. If I got one euro every time somebody asked me this question, I would be a millionaire. Okay? Everybody's always asking one question, isn't everything free on the internet? Isn't it true that nobody wants to pay anything on the internet? Of course, the answer is not at all. If you're trying to sell something on the internet, you have to have the right price point, the right package, the right attraction, and it takes off like a firecracker.  You can send some flowers through Twitter and you can buy all kinds of 6.1 billion dollars, 2 billion dollars on dating services, that's content. 400 million dollars on LinkedIn.  Many of you are LinkedIn, right? 400 million dollars to connect people through a database. 100 million dollars on Flickr, to get the Flickr Pro batch. I mean, people are spending money on Netflix, which is the biggest service in the US, right? 20 million subscribers paying $10 a month for motion pictures. So the question isn't about free or not free, the question is like, can we increase people's perception about why they should pay? The question is not forcing them to pay, because there's lots of alternatives that we have to really think about how we can deal with this issue. I think one of the things that we're going to see in the future a lot is bundling and packaging. For example, I think a lot of telecom companies will start offering music and motion pictures as part of the mobile access. So you buy the mobile phone with a contract and music is free. You buy the DSL access, you get movies included. You buy a mobile phone, a mobile device, you get free books included, right? That's called bundling. And we've seen this already happening around the world, right? Bundling and upselling. So if you're currently in the media business, you have to look in this direction. Can you bundle your products in with some access to the internet and then upsell people to other offerings? The most successful sector in media in the last few years was gaming. And how do they do it? They give us stuff for free. The gaming guys say download this game, play the first 10 levels, invest 20 hours of your time, and then if you really like the game, 80% of people put down $50 to get the next 10 levels. That's how they do it, right? They bundle it into something and then we upsell from there, just like cable TV. So that's the business model is basically now on the internet and on the mobile it has skewed a little bit like this. So the first part really is what I call fields like free. Many of us love this as consumers. We get something like Gmail, right? Many of you use Gmail, I'm sure. Gmail feels like free, but it's not free. Why is it not free? Because Google reads your email. That's not free. You pay with data. Google reads your email. If I'm going to Doha, then on the right side of my email it says great hotel with Carlton and Doha book now. That's how I pay Google. So paying with attention, I call this. That is a winning business model in the digital economy. The key, if you're for example if you're in the media business, the key is you have to be able to give something away that doesn't cost very much. That's the key. Obviously if you're giving away everything for free then you can't make money. So there has to be a process of upselling. If you're in a television business or the print business or the movie business, figure this out. How can you get people in at a low price point and then move them up the food chain? Lots and lots of successful companies do this. Skype, right? You guys love Skype. Everybody loves Skype. It's free. How did Skype make $550 million last year when it's free? The answer is I use it for free but I want a phone number in Doha. Skype will give me a phone number in Doha. $15 for three months. I never use it. I buy another number. That's how Skype makes money based on free. So what's now happening is that we have this whole convergence. The latest Disney movie called Tron. You guys may have heard about the next big science fiction movie called Tron. They use Facebook as a platform to show the game. So on Facebook you can go to this thing called Tronyverse. It's a game that you can play on Facebook about this new movie. So Facebook is now a broadcaster and essentially this is what Mark Zuckerberg Zucker as they call him in the Bay Area says. You should take note if you're in the media business or even if you're not. Zucker says he expects his company to make billions and billions of dollars turning the TV news, film and music industries upside down.  This is a 26 year old guy who runs the biggest company on the internet right after Google. And he is right. He's going to turn the entertainment business upside down. That's a huge opportunity. So now brands are looking at this. Big companies. They're saying okay the internet is cool because we can be publishers. So Pepsi said here's 20 million dollars for people with ideas called the Pepsi Refresh campaign. And they made a website that if you have a great idea to change the world to be a better place that that's the deal.  Pepsi has given 20 million dollars to about 90 different ideas. And so Pepsi becomes a publisher. People talk about Pepsi and they sell more Pepsi. That's the idea right. The same goes of course for Starwood hotels using Twitter. The same goes for all these brands that are using Twitter and so on. The same goes even for Coke right. So brands become publishers. If you're running a brand a car company or a construction company you have to publish stuff. You have to think like a media company. Videos, blogs, content, Twitter. You have to actually publish things for people to be able to find you. Here's the CEO of Telefonica. Very smart guy and he says something very important that I think we should take home with us today is that the new digital paradigm creates huge opportunities for the industries that transform and leverage technology. Let me turn this around and say if you're in an industry that's not leveraging technology you're probably toast. It works the other way around too because there's companies out there that will use technology to come to your business and destroy it in two years. Because that's what the user wants. That's how Google killed Outlook. That's why we're using all this stuff on the web. That's why the power of the internet allows us to go and book an airplane ticket with the same authority that a travel agent had 20 years ago or 15 years ago. Now we have the authority as the user. So look at this slide about Google's internet traffic. Update today is roughly 8.5 percent of the entire world's internet traffic is caused by Google because people are searching. Look at this slide showing you how much data is expected to be used per month, per handset. I mean imagine people have this iPad like devices or Android or whatever you want to use. They're not going to get away with 300 megs a month. It's going to be three gig a month because devices works so great. And Cisco says here that the traffic is absolutely going to explode. So basically if you're in the telecom business you can't just sit there and let this happen. I don't know if you're ending in the telecom business here but if you're a mobile operator you're going to have to pay more and more and more and more money to keep your network running. Because everybody's always on doing stuff and this is not anything yet really big. Retail really takes off right? So at that point you have to figure out what you're going to do and then there's Steve Jobs with his miraculous device and then there is a Samsung Galaxy which is also a great device. As the network traffic explodes telecoms have to get involved with content, media, and advertising. This is the biggest shift in media that we're seeing today on a global level. You've seen this with China Mobile, with Singapore Telecom, with TDC in Denmark, with MTN in South Africa. All the telecoms are saying we have to get involved in the content business because that's where the action is going to be that is the reason for having the internet. So TDC in Denmark has a flat rate music service. If you use TDC, there's operator in Denmark, music is free. Imagine this all you have to do is sign up for a mobile phone with this company and the music is free. All of it. No questions asked. They pay for it. So that's the big shift that we're seeing everything that we consume, all TV shows, all music, all education, all banking, our health records is moving into the cloud. In 10 years there won't be people buying textbooks to study in most countries. In Brazil the government is already discussing giving every single student a mobile device to learn with for free because they're printing and shipping of the books costs more money than to give them a box. In Africa people are not going to study using books because the books cost more than they can afford to eat. So all content is moving into the cloud. That is the opportunity I think to figure out how this work, how to add value here, how to build technology, how to build applications when the content moves into the cloud. Which brings me on this interesting topic, the topic of piracy. You recognize this box there, right? Radio. Radio was illegal for 20 years. About 100 years ago when radio was invented every single musician publisher, record label, there weren't any record labels then but essentially music industry and said this is really bad. Radio is free music. Free music is not good because people when they can listen to music at the demand of a button why should they go to a concert? Why should they buy the sheet music? And they refused to do with radio. And one day around the world in different places France first and then US the government said this this this can't be right. If 99.9 percent of the population is using this box how come it's still illegal? And then the government said we'll make it legal by giving a broadcast license, right? By giving permission so we have to pay for the music but it's legal. So basically piracy is market failure. It's as simple as that. Market failure means lots of people want it but I'm not willing to sell for the price that they want to pay for. Creates a huge amount of friction so in Europe now we have all these laws about disconnecting people called hadopian three strike you may have heard. Disconnecting kids if they download for free. Of course the reality is I think you'll find out of course you know this is really a good story for this region. We have to meet demand as it is not not as it should be. We can't tell a 12-year-old that wants to listen on the mobile phone to buy a CD. I would buy a CD years ago. So piracy is market failure. We have to face if you're in the content business that's the future. We're going from selling copies to selling access and this is much much better for everyone. This is better for the environment because we don't print we don't ship we don't use ink. It's better for the artist because it's much cheaper to distribute. It's not so good if you're in the business of airplanes paper printing presses because at that point you may not be be entirely needed in the same way. So Kevin Kelly who started Wired magazine it's a great writer from a blog called The Technium he says basically the internet is a giant copy machine and you may hate this idea I mean I certainly would hate the idea as a musician I made 20 records I made four books I hate the idea of people just pushing the button and copying my stuff without paying. Okay but is there anything I can do about it? Isn't that what the internet is supposed to do? Is to provide access? So there's a dilemma here right basically we have to face this selling copies of content is the past. It's still the present also of course but if you're looking to grow your business in the future don't try to sell copies of content whether it's a CD a DVD or a book that window was closing and you can argue about when that window will close depending on the country and the culture and the amount of income and so on some people say that printing newspapers will be dead in America in seven years 2017 people will stop printing newspapers with very few exceptions I'm not sure I agree but we can't sell copies basically now content is moving into the cloud as I was saying earlier that has to be the business model so as that is happening basically we're going to see content become more like this more like a flow if you had gone to a party of 15 year old kids two years ago they would have sat down and said okay I have a hard drive 100,000 songs and the other kid would have said I have a hard drive 200,000 songs all for free today no hard drive today a playlist on the internet you click a button it plays nobody knows where it comes from it streams it flows so the digital natives the kids information flows when and how and from whom they need it that's also of course the social part so if you're in the media business today you have to think about content as a flow not as a download right something that just happens especially from your friends any of you may know this thing from Cairo called the harass map where you can go online and this is a good example for flowing you can figure out what people were harassed in Cairo in real time using twitter that's just one of those examples that come out of the flowing part so I'm going to head to the conclusion and we take some questions but basically what's happening now is that the law of disruption is really quite clear in digital technology as first we're looking at the tech stuff technology change


In last class, I have discussed about that deflection slope bending moment and shear force expression for infinite beam subjected a concentrated load and that time it is observed that if I put that infinite beam concentrated load. So, this is infinite beam, we have a concentrated load here p this is x and this direction it is y. So, last class it is observed that the expression of y was p lambda to 2 k a lambda x theta was p lambda to 2 k a lambda x theta was p lambda square divided by k b lambda x moment bending moment was m p divided by 4 lambda c lambda x and q is equal to minus p by 2 d lambda x where a lambda x was p lambda x theta by 2 d lambda x that was e to the power minus lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x. Similarly, b lambda x was e to the power minus lambda x sin lambda x c lambda x that was e to the power minus lambda x cos lambda x minus sin lambda x. Similarly, d lambda x it was e to the power minus lambda x into cos lambda x. So, these four other coefficients are given by the definition and we will get this type of expression for four different quantities that this is for the deflection theta is for the slope m is for the bending moment and q is for the shear force. So, now today we will discuss that if the infinite beam is subjected to a concentrated load or the infinite beam subjected to a concentrated moment. So, suppose if you have a beam x and at the center or point o is a moment m. So, then how this expression will be looks like that thing we will discuss today. So, the first suppose this is the x then in this thing can be converted to a load applied at a distance p a from the center that is p and then another thing that is acting upward that is p. So, if this is a tends to 0 then p into a that will be equal to 0. So, if this is a tends to 0 then p into m 0 or m 0 which is applied here. So, this is a concentrated moment that can be equally converted to a force which is concentrated load which is acting p at a distance a from the center. So, this is the center. So, if a tends to 0 then p into a that will be tends to m 0 then p is the concentrated load a is the distance that will be tends to m 0. So, now in this case we can write that expression of y that will be p into lambda divided by 2 k because for the concentrated load the expression of y is p into lambda divided by 2 k into a lambda x. So, that was the concentrated load if it is this is for the concentrated load. So, similarly here that we have two thing one is concentrated load acting at the center another is acting in the downward direction. So, have p into lambda and then we can write that is a lambda x then minus a lambda x plus a. So, this is the concentration of the load at the center then the total one is within the bracket because here we have one concentrated load that we are applying here that is at a distance of a and then. So, we can write that a lambda x minus a lambda x plus x a. So, here this concentrated load at the center. So, this will be a lambda x.  Now, if a it stands to 0 then we can write that y is equal to p lambda a divided by 2 k and then this one can be written d by d x into a lambda x. So, this one can be written d d d x into a lambda x if a tends to 0 because now this thing is converted to a concentrated load problem where the load is applied at a distance of a from the center if a tends to 0 then p into a is close to m 0. So, now that we know that a lambda x is equal to e to the power lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x. So, the d d x a lambda x that will be equal to minus 2 lambda x minus lambda b lambda x where as we know that b lambda x is equal to e to the power lambda x sin lambda x. So, further if I put that value here. So, this will be p into a that is m 0. So, p into a m 0 then this minus 2 lambda x. So, this will be equal to e to the power lambda x there is a term y is minus. So, there is this minus p lambda a. So, this will be minus. So, this minus and this minus. So, there will be positive sign. So, now if I put this value here if I replace this things with this minus 2 lambda b lambda x then this will be p 0 m 0 into lambda into another lambda that is lambda square. Then b lambda x and then 2 2 will be cancel out divided by k. So, this will be the deflection equation will be m 0 lambda square divided by k b lambda x. This is the expression of the deflection if the b is subjected to a concentrated moment. Now, next one that will produce this is here the main thing that this is this is the conversion. So, that means here one moment force that is acting up or another is in the downward. So, at a distance of a so that we can write this things in this form. So, next one you have to determine the slope that the expression of the slope that we know that this will be theta is a slope and that is d y by d x. So, once we do that thing. So, this will be m 0 lambda to the power q by k into c lambda x. Similarly, e i d square y d x square that will be moment that is equal to m 0 divided by 2 d lambda x and the shear force expression e i d 3 y d x 3 that is equal to q that will be minus m 0 by 2 a lambda x. So, these are the four expression of the beam subjected to concentrated moment. Now, if I draw the expression of the beam deformation shape and the bending moment diagram of the beam. So, the deformation shape as it is subjected to moment. So, this will be. So, this is the deflection shape. So, this direction is o x this will be minus deflection positive downward. So, and this value will be pi by lambda and this expression y is equal to m 0 lambda square divided by k b lambda x. So, next one is the bending moment diagram. So, the sorry next one is with the slope diagram. So, that the slope diagram will be this is all negative. So, this will be positive. So, the expression is theta is equal to m 0 lambda cube divided by k c lambda x. Now, this distance from here to the point it is that is pi by lambda. So, this point is pi by lambda. So, this point where it is changing the sign to the point where it is 0 and then this portion is 1 by 4 pi by lambda. So, next one is the bending moment diagram. So, this will be going upward then it will go downward and then it will again follow this path. So, this the m that is equal to m 0 by 2 into d lambda x. So, this is negative this is positive on the point where it is just going upward direction. So, that point will be 1 by 4 pi by lambda. So, now next one is the shear force diagram. So, that expression so that diagram will be in this form it is 0. So, q is equal to minus m 0 by 2 into a lambda x m 0 by 2 into lambda into lambda x a lambda x. So, that is minus. So, the value from here to here where it is changing the sign is 3 4th divided by pi by lambda. So, here there will be a lambda term. So, now we will get this 3 4 expression one is for the deflection one is for the slope one is for the bending moment and one is for the shear force. So, next one that will go for that if other cases that if the moment is this is we have discussed for the two cases one is for the concentrated load and concentrated force. So, next one that we will discuss for the uniformly distributed load. So, these things will be discussed that if beam is subjected to an infinite beam. So, if it is subjected to uniformly distributed loading or U D L. Suppose, we have infinite beam and where it is subjected to a U D L of intensity q this is q and we have a point c say within that beam. So, first case what we have done that we can take a infinitely small segment. So, that is a segment with d x at a distance of x from the c. So, first case case a that when this point c is under loading. So, that means this c can be left side of this loading this c can be the right side of the loading or this c point can be within that loading. So, here first case where we consider the point c which is within the loaded region and then we consider one small segment of with d x which is at a distance of x from this c point. Now, for due to this the settlement due to the small segment that we can write. So, that is basically these are the if I consider this is a small segment each as a one concentrated load. Then that one concentrated load is acting at a distance of x. So, that concentrated load value will be q into d x. So, that delta y deflection due to the concentrated load acting at a distance of x from this point c.  So, this will be q into d x then lambda divided by 2 k and then that is e to the power minus lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x. So, only for this small segment. So, we are considering each as a segment. So, if the for the this concentrated load that deformation will be for the concentrated load deformation expression is p lambda by 2 k e to the power minus lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x. So, here this p is we can determine by q into d x. So, that is the total deformation of the center due to this u d l at c point the deformation. So, that will be q into lambda divided by 2 k then this is 0 to a e to the power minus lambda x cos lambda x plus sin lambda x this is into d x. Another one plus 0 to b e to the power lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x into d x. Now, what is a and b? a is basically this is point a this is point b and this is point c. So, a is distance between a to c and b is the distance between a to this point b. So, a is a c b is b c where a b are the two end points. So, now, after triggering these things we will get q divided by 2 k into 1 minus e to the power minus lambda x cos lambda a e to the power lambda a. So, this will be after integrating this from 0 to a and 0 to b.  So, now, we know that e to the power lambda x. So, we know that lambda d lambda x is equal to e to the power lambda x into cos lambda x.  So, now, finally, this will be q by 2 k into 2 minus d lambda a minus d lambda b. So, this will be q by 2 k into b. So, this will be the expression of the deflection for the if it is subjected to a infinite beam subjected to a uniformly distributed load. Similarly, we will get theta c slope at c point that will be q into lambda divided by 2 k a lambda a minus a lambda b. Similarly, another one that m will be q divided by 4 lambda square into b lambda a plus b lambda b. Similarly, q at c point this is m moment at c point q at c point will be q divided by 4 lambda into c lambda a minus c lambda b. So, these are the 4 expression of y c deflection at center slope at c point. This is deflection at c point then moment at c point shear force at the c point. So, next one this is the case one where c point is within the loaded region. Now, the case b if I consider the case b where the point c is in the left side of the loading. So, that means if I consider that is a uniform infinite beam where this is a uniformly distributed load. So, as I have mentioned that a and b point as a two end of this loading a and b and c point is at the left side of the point of this loading. So, that means c point again we have considered the small segment of d x at a distance of x from the c point. And distance from a to c is a and distance from a to b a c to b is a. So, here we can get that y c deflection of the c point because we have taken three condition of the c point once if the c is within the loaded region c is left side of the loaded region and c is the right side of the loaded region. So, deflection of the c point. So, here again we can calculate the concentrated again we can consider the each point as a concentrated load where concentrated load values will be q into because this is again the intensities q into d x. So, that will be p. So, finally, we will get q into lambda divided by 2 k and here we will get the limit initially because that point was within the loaded region. So, we get c as a 0 you consider. So, that will be limit was 0 to a and then from 0 to b, but here c is at this point and so the limit will be here from a to b. So, that means here limit will be from a to b. So, that is the difference from the first case. So, that means this will be e to the power minus lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x into d x. So, finally, again we know that e to the power lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x that is a lambda x. So, we can write q lambda in divided by 2 k limit a to b then e to the power. So, this is a lambda x into d x. So, where a lambda x is equal to e to the power lambda x cos lambda x plus sin lambda x. So, now after integration we will get y c is equal to q by 2 k into d lambda a minus d lambda b. So, here in case of x we are just putting a and b depending upon the requirement. So, then the slope theta c will be q into lambda divided by 2 k into d lambda a minus d lambda b. So, here in case of x we are just putting a and b depending upon the requirement. So, then the slope theta c will be q into lambda divided by 2 k into a lambda a minus a lambda b. Similarly, bending moment expression for the c is q minus q by 4 lambda square into b lambda a minus b lambda b. See our force at c that is q is q minus divided by 4 lambda into c lambda a minus c lambda b. So, these are the expression of these 4 quantities in for case b if the point c is left side of the loading. So, next case that is if the point c is the right side of the loading. Now, the case c that if the point c is right side of the loading. In that case that right side of the loading means that we have this infinite beam. This is the UDL of intensity q and is the point c is here. Similarly, this point is a this point is b. So, a to c and a to b that is b and a to c is a. So, similarly here also you have to take the segment at a distance of this is d x. So, at a distance of x. So, finally, you will get the y c here it will be minus q by 2 k. Then these things d lambda a minus d lambda b is same. Because this is the distance of in previous case, case b that b was greater than a in case b that b was greater than case a in case c that a is greater than b. So, that will be this point will be negative because this is the all in the opposite direction compared to the case b. So, that means theta c slope of c point that will be q lambda by 2 k into a lambda a minus a lambda b. Moment at c point will be q by 4 lambda square b lambda a minus b lambda b. Similarly, c a force at c point that will be q by 4 lambda c lambda a minus b lambda b. Similarly, c a force at c point that will be q by 4 lambda c lambda a minus c lambda b. So, these are the four expressions and three different cases of the UDL and the three case means if the point particular we have chosen a point one case first case with it is within the loaded region second case it is the left side of the loaded region and third case it is in the right side of the loaded region. So, we have got these three different expressions. Now, say now next one is that here the we have used the UDL then what we have will be the deflection slope bending moment in here for the expression if the infinite beam is subjected to a triangular loading. So, first the third one next case it is the triangular loading triangular loading this is also case a similar to the UDL here also we will case three case one is the point c within the loaded region one is in the left side another is in the right side of the loaded region. So, suppose first one this is a triangle infinite beam which is subjected to a triangular type of loading where intensity is varying with distance and the maximum one is a q is q 0. So, here the maximum intensity is q 0 then we consider one point c within the loaded region and one end is a another end is b. So, distance from a to c is a distance from c to b is b distance from a to b is a l distance from a to b is a l distance from a to b is l again from this point c that one segment is taken with thickness dx at a distance of x from the c point. Now, the q x the intensity is of this loading intensity of at a distance of x from the c that will be equal to. So, this q x that will be equal to q 0 divided by a l into a minus x if x is less than x a. So, if a is within this zone if the x is within this zone from a to c then if this is x then the intensity at any point x that will be q 0 a minus x and similarly delta q x is q 0 divided by a l into x plus a if x is greater than a. So, now in this case x is greater than a. So, this point the loaded point then for this case this will be q 0 divided by a l q will be the distance is a plus x. So, this will be q x will be q 0 divided by a l is the total length to x plus a. So, now the deflection at the c point that will be q 0 again here the intensity into that small segment dx will give the load which is acting at this point. So, that means the load will be q x into the dx. So, the load which is acting at a point. So, that is say p that will be q x into dx. Now, q x is q 0 by l into x plus a and x plus b. So, now here. So, first case will get that q 0 is here that means the total load. So, this will be q 0 divided by 2 k l into lambda and then dx is the loading. So, and if it is from 0 to a. So, that means from 0 to a and that is within this point this zone a to c. So, we have to use this expression. So, 0 to a. So, that will be. So, l q 0 then next part a minus x then as usual e to the power lambda x into lambda x into lambda x cos lambda x plus sin lambda x into dx. Then another part plus then this will be 0 to b 0 to b and then we have to use the next expression. So, q 0 we have already used l also we have taken then only the x plus b part will be here. So, a plus x or x plus a then it will be e to the power minus lambda x into cos lambda x plus sin lambda x and this is dx within the bracket. That is why we have taken two different one q because in previous case it is u d l. So, if I take it is in the right side of the c or left side of the c the value will be same that is q 0, but here the q 0 value will change depend q value will change depending upon the position or with the region where we are taking the limit. So, if it within 0 to a then in case a minus x if it is 0 to b we have to take a plus x because load is delta x into dx. So, delta is if I consider q 0 for first case say. So, l into a minus x into dx. So, in case of p you have to put this value. So, p this y c is p delta by 2 k. So, this will be first case will be 2 k l this l and then q 0 and then a minus x and dx will be in this region and another this will be a plus x into dx. Now once we integrate after integrating all this expression then the deflection at the centre point this will be q 0 divided by 4 lambda k l into c lambda a minus c lambda b plus 2 lambda l into c lambda a minus c lambda b plus 2 lambda l d lambda b plus 4 lambda a. So, after integrating this expression the final form will be c lambda a minus c lambda b minus 2 lambda l d lambda b plus 4 lambda a. Similarly, the slope theta c that will be minus q 0 into 2 divided by 2 k l into d lambda a plus d lambda b plus lambda l a lambda b minus 2. Similarly, the expression of the m. So, at the c point expression of the m at the c point that will be 0 q 0 8 lambda square a a lambda a minus a lambda b minus 2 lambda l b lambda b. Similarly, q c that will be q 0 divided by 4 lambda square l into b lambda a plus b lambda b minus lambda l c lambda b. Similarly, q c that will be q 0 divided by 4 lambda square l into b lambda a plus b lambda b minus lambda l c lambda b. So, these are the 4 expressions of the c deflections slope bending moment and shear force. So, similarly we will get two other cases here the c point is taken within the loaded region. Similarly, we can take the point beyond the loaded region either may be in the left side of the loaded region or right side of the loaded region. And similar to the UDL case we can change the limit here from 0 from a to b and then we can put this expression we will get the final form. So, in the second case that case b the second case if the point is the left side of the loaded region if a point c is in the left side of the loading. So, similarly this is in finite beam we have the triangular loading here. So, this is q 0 the maximum intensity and if we consider the point c at here it is left side of the loaded region. So, essentially this point is a and this point is b and from a to b it is l from 0 to b it is l from 0 c to a it is a and from c to b it is b. And then similar to the here also we have to take the small segment dx and depending upon the position of this dx. So, that will be the distance x from the c point then we put the value in the form of the expression and then the final form after integrating those values or the after integrating we will get the final form of the deflection. So, this is same as for the UDL where we have to change the limit from a to b and the once we do that the final form is q 0 divided by 4 lambda k into 1 by l into c lambda a minus c into 1 by l into c lambda a minus c into 1 by lambda b minus 2 lambda l d lambda b for the theta c that will be q 0 divided by 2 k 1 by l into d lambda a minus d lambda b minus lambda l a lambda b. Similarly, for the m c that is minus q 0 divided by 8 lambda cube 1 by l a lambda a minus a lambda b minus 2 lambda l b lambda b. Similarly, theta c or sorry q c is the minus q 0 divided by 4 lambda square 1 by l b lambda a minus b lambda b plus lambda l c lambda b. So, next this is the third one. So, next one that we will get the third case that is if it is in the right side of the loaded region. So, point c is in the right side of the loading. So, we have this infinite beam and this is the triangular loading. This is q 0 and c point is taken here. Similarly, this is b point, this is a point, a to b distance is l, here from a to c to b is b and a to c is a.   So, the all the values are remain almost same for compared to the case b, the sign will change as the position of the point has been changed. So, these are the cases for the infinite beam where the beam are subjected to a concentrated load, beam is subjected to a concentrated moment then beam is subjected to a u d l and the three different cases for the deflection of the within the load any point within the loaded region or any point outside the loaded region and the both side. Similarly, if beam is subjected to triangular type of loading then how the deflection slope bending moment if we can calculate within the loaded region or any point outside the loaded region that we have discussed. So, in the next class, so this all the things we have discussed for the infinite beam. So, in the next class we will discuss the point if the beam is semi infinite or infinite it is in finite beam. So, the what is the difference between that infinite beam, semi infinite beam or the finite beam. So, the infinite beam that part is been discussed already in the next few classes I will discuss about the different expression, how to develop the expression for the different loading condition for the different end condition of the beam if beam is a semi infinite beam or beam is a finite beam. Thank you.


First question is from Ms. Annotude. I feel like I get so much conflicting info on the glute squeeze at the top of deadlifts and squats. Some say it's a good way to ensure you are activating or utilizing your glutes and lifts and others say it's bad for your spine. What are your thoughts? Well, there's a difference between squeezing your glutes and arching your spine or changing your form and position, right? Because what happens, I think to a lot of people at the top of a squat when they squeeze their glutes, is they shift their pelvis forward and push forward and lean back with their upper body. They put themselves in a weird position that then they need to get out of to get back into a proper squat. That becomes a problem. You want to be able to squeeze a muscle and activate a muscle without having to change your position, okay? That means you have good connection to that muscle. So for example, I can flex my bicep if my arm is extended, if it's halfway bent, or if it's fully bent. Some people can only feel their bicep squeezing if it's fully bent all the way. This is true with the glutes as well. If you have trouble squeezing your glutes at the top of a squat without shifting your hips forward, then I recommend you don't squeeze your glutes at the top and instead focus on priming your squats with a exercise that allows you to squeeze the glutes like a hip thrust. So like doing a hip thrust before you do squats gives you that ability to squeeze and connect to the glutes. Then when you do your barbell squats, now you can probably feel what it's supposed to feel like to be more connected to them. We did a really good YouTube on this where I do back presses and then floor bridges. So because the other part of that, even if you go into hip thrusts and you have a tendency to arch to get up like that, you still may even do it on a hip thrust. Although gravity is working in your favor to not do that, there is still the possibility that you over arch even on an exercise like a hip thrust. And so if I have a client that's doing that, then I teach them the back press, the floor press, where you're laying down before you go to a floor bridge. So you're teaching them to have that pelvic control and keep that in that neutral spine with your core activated and then lift up with your glutes. Because you know what this reminds me of too? You brought this up the other day, Sal, in an episode where how common was this when we train a client who has limited range of motion or control on their shoulder and you tell them to do a shoulder press and you tell them to reach all the way up and then at the top they go up on their toes. This is a similar issue, right? Only it's in the hips and the butt. Like you hear Q from a trainer saying squeeze the glutes really hard and when you do that, you want to arch the back to get more of a squeeze. The idea is that you do squeeze the glutes, but you still also maintain a good neutral spine at the same time. If you have a hard time doing that, then you refer to those movements like you were talking about. Yeah, so if you are squeezing your glutes at the top of deadlifts and squats, but your spine is really changing position in order to do it, then it is bad for your spine. But if you can feel the glutes at the top and squeeze them without altering good form, then that's a great way to feel the glutes and to target them with those exercises. And also try to maintain that tension all the way through. We have a couple like the Duffy squat for instance is one of those great kind of tools to try and see where there's a break in your bracing technique.  Now to be honest, I almost never, when I would train clients would tell them to squeeze their glutes at the top of a barbell squat. I would tell them sometimes to squeeze their quads because it doesn't tend to cause people to have different position. If somebody didn't feel their glutes on a squat, my remedy was typically good priming or change the exercise form itself. You know, at the top of a squat, when you're standing, the glutes are relatively less active than they would be when you're down at the half point or at the bottom of a squat. At the top, you don't really need, your glutes don't have to fire hard to hold the weight up.  It's really what's holding you up there. So, you know, if you're trying to feel your glutes with squats and you're like, Oh, I don't feel them. Maybe I should squeeze them. I recommend instead proper priming and maybe change your technique. It's not necessarily a good exercise that lends itself well to a squeeze at the top. It really only works well when you already have good control with your glutes. You already have a good connection. In which case, then you can squeeze at the top and not change your positioning.


The results of this study suggest that fear of coronavirus disease 2019 has a direct effect on cybercondria, which in turn leads to increased stress. Additionally, social support and creative coping strategies can act as protective factors against stress. Furthermore, the study found that females are more likely to use creative coping strategies, receive more social support, and have higher levels of stress than males. This article was authored by Marva Sohail and Need a Zuffer.