So, so welcome everybody. This, as you know is the fourth and actually final culminating event in our month long custody Harvard Medical School series for black history month racism medicine and bioethics. My name is Lachlan Farrow. I'm a doctor centered in the HMS Center for bioethics. And I'm excited that all of you all month. If you haven't seen the other ones, you can see them online. Have, I believe, experienced some of the energy that the test he partners with us have found in reaching across organizations that haven't collaborated in the past, and it is not just been productive. It's been enjoyable, which I think is a metaphor for some of the things that our guests today, Dean Dana bone Matthew is going to say that we need to eliminate the structures of racism, so that we can all thrive together. I think Washington in the first session reviewed the long centuries of racism in medicine that she built on in her book medical apartheid. This is Lily head and Rickens Earl in the second session humanized, what has been labeled as the Tuskegee but actually is the US public health and the syphilis study there. And then last week we heard from Dan Dawes, the head of the Morehouse Satchel leadership Institute about political determinants of health. All of that today will be integrated in a case study with Dean Matthew about the history of structural racism in Charlottesville, legally enforced segregation its impact on health. The point of this month has been to understand history, so that we can make the future healthier and better for all of us. So we look forward for all of you to hearing about any of your ideas on Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, or by email to us because this is just the launching of a lot of wonderful things ahead. I'll not hand it over to my cherished friend partner colleague Dr Ruben Warren, director of the National Center for bioethics at Tuskegee University to take it from here. Ruben. Good evening. And this is another exciting opportunity for us to share I always start by talking about the intergenerational conversation we're having, not only about the past, as we look back, but also about the future. You see over my left shoulder the Sankofa bird is really looking back the African symbol looking back to move forward. So we really are excited about this session. Dr Lachlan has shared we had a, a really good first, second and third start the National Center for bioethics and research and healthcare in Tuskegee, and the Harvard bioethics center are in a very important collaboration.  So we're doing more than talking about something we're going to do something and that's already engaged in this month. This black history month is an example of the doing together. I mentioned it's intergenerational. And that means that we are looking back to work with our colleagues to move forward we have done some good things I think over the years, but there's so much more to do. So we're looking on our junior colleagues and students to listen to what we've experienced, benefit from what we experienced don't repeat the mistakes of the past and carry us into the future. And that regard I'd like to introduce to due to our co moderators, one from Harvard and one from Tuskegee, Miss Lizzie, and Hernandez please give us a little bit about yourself. And my name is busy Hernandez I'm from Queens, New York, and I'm a full time Harvard master of bioethics student. My interests are kind of at the intersection of criminal law and health law and the way that we can understand the carceral system as a public health and bioethics issue. And I'm going to law school this coming fall. Pass it over to Edward. Greetings, everyone. My name is Edward Connick and I'm honored to be a student moderator this year. I attend the historic Tuskegee University where I'm a fourth generation student. I'm a freshman biology major on a pre medical track from Detroit, Michigan, planning to pursue a career in the field of cardiology. My interest in the field of medicine and biological ethics is a story of the great Daniel Hale Williams, his monumental feet performing the first open heart surgery and setting surgical standards that are still followed today have inspired me for as long as I can remember. Additionally, I have the distinct pleasure of introducing our dynamic keynote speaker, Dr. Dana bow and math. Dr. Matthew earned her BA at the Radcliffe Institute of advanced study at Harvard University 1981 her JD at the University of Virginia in 1987 and her PhD at the University of Colorado at Denver in 2018. An individual committed to higher learning. Dr. Matthew currently serves as the Dean and Harold H. Green Professor of law at the George Washington University Law School. Dr. Matthew is a leader in public health and civil rights law who focuses on racial disparities in healthcare. In Matthew also has taken on many public policy rules. In 2013, she co founded the Colorado Health Equity Project, a medical legal partnership incubator aimed at removing barriers to good health for low income clients by providing legal representation, research and policy advocacy. In 2015, she served as a senior advisor to the director of the Office of the Civil Rights for the United States Environmental Protection Agency, where she expedited cases on behalf of historically vulnerable communities besieged by pollution. She then became a became a member of the health policy team for my home state United States Senator Debbie Stabenow of Michigan and worked on public health issues. To top off her many accomplishments. Dr. Matthew is a published author of the book just medicine, a cure for racial inequality in American health care. Please join me in giving her and giving Dr. Dana Bo and Matthew a warm welcome. What a fabulous welcome. And what an honor to be a part of this collaboration, which is a symbol of not only two powerful institutions, uniting of history and forward thinking. And the uniting of two very, very different historical institutions in order to change the future I am grateful and honored to be a part of this conversation and of the series. I am in Washington DC, but in spirit with each of you, even though we are virtual. I'm going to get right to it because as usual I have too many slides, and much to say but I'd much rather lay the table if I will set the table for a conversation, as though we were at dinner together so let me begin by sharing my slides and here's the real rubber will meet the road let's see if I'm going to be able to do this successfully and quickly. If everything goes right because I'm a law professor I'm going to start with a constitutional amendment is everybody able to see my side. Yes. All right. And before I get going let me make sure that I can advance. Can you see my second slide. Yes. If I were in the audience. If I were able to see the audience I would ask you what the purpose of the 13th amendment is the 13th amendment to the Constitution is familiar to us. We certainly learned it by high school. Those of you I heard one of the young women introduce herself is going to go to law school next year. The audience has never heard of the 13th amendment and would immediately recognize it as the amendment that quote unquote freed the slaves. It is the amendment that made it constitutionally impermissible to own people as property. That is true. That is what the amendment says today, but the screen shows the original language, the Collins amendment that was originally introduced to become the original 13th amendment. I don't go into the history in detail, but let me point out the bold language the emboldened language says that Congress will not have the power to abolish or interfere with any states. Use of the institution of slavery slavery in order to hold people in service for their labor without pay. That means that the original 13th amendment the amendment that preceded the one that actually passed Congress said the exact opposite of the amendment that we have in our Constitution today. Now this would be a historical nicety just something to recall quickly and scurry over if it were not for the fact that not only did that original Collins amendment that original 13th amendment Garner two thirds of the required votes in the House of legislative and two thirds at the time of the required votes in the Senate, but our president, the great emancipator spoke with approbation about that amendment in his second inaugural address. He said to the audience there assembled, I have no objection to that original 13th amendment original of course is my insertion, but at the time, the 13th amendment which he had no objection was that one, which would have permanently enslaved African Americans like myself. Indeed, that amendment was ratified by six states, including Virginia, Ohio, West Virginia, and if it had not been for the firing on Fort Sumter that began the Civil War, we do not know whether that amendment would or would not have been the unamendable amendment in the Constitution today so for those lawyers among you go back and look at the language it is not only an amendment that does the opposite of what the 13th amendment did does it was unamendable. Right. So, this is my point. We have a country that at its foundation is ambivalent about the humanity of others. The dehumanization that we saw in Charlottesville, the day that I began my job in Charlottesville, August, the 10 2017 and the political violence that we saw at the capital. If you employ me watch out because I bring this with me it seems the political violence that we saw in the capital on January six. These are echoes of the deeply ambivalent structural history that we have with respect to the humanity or lack there of of African Americans in this country. As a result, I want to talk some about how that structural in humanity what I call dehumanization manifests in law and in health. So I'll start with Thomas Jefferson he wrote a book the first and only published volume, hardcover volume that he wrote was called notes on the slave on the state of Virginia notes on the state of Virginia in notes on the state of Virginia. Thomas Jefferson describes the Negro as he saw the people that he enslaved the things that he said the things that he articulated social psychologists tell us are examples of both blatant and subtle dehumanization. He's blatant in that he said, they are more like the orangutan than like man, they lust after their women. They are not able to feel poetry, like we can, and the physical features don't have the beauty. I'm paraphrasing but only slightly that is blatant dehumanization likening a human to an object or an animal. He also exhibited in notes on the state of Virginia, subtle dehumanization by subtle human dehumanization social psychologists mean, not ascribing the qualities of humanity to an individual or a group of humanities again paraphrasing, Thomas Jefferson's work notes on the state of Virginia, he said there, their griefs are transient. Ah, that was so important because how other could how otherwise could he justify how otherwise could a society justify the cruelty, the hatred, the immorality that was the institution of slavering how indeed it was because the dehumanization was the psychology of the day. It was the understanding that justified ownership that got codified in law. And so when we ask what is structural racism. This is the origin of structural racism structural racism is the opposite of, and is the greatest threat to health equity. That's my thesis. That's the point that the rest of my comments will go to. So let's talk about structural racism from the start structural racism is a form of inequality structural inequality and inequality I suggest is the greatest threat to health equity in America and worldwide we could park here and spend the rest of the day on examples but let me make the case that structural racism is a type of is a sub category of is a powerful example of structural inequality broadly structural inequality is the inverse relationship between the resources needed to be healthy and achieve healthy outcomes and the differences in income between the top and bottom quintile of a society. So let's look at that down structural inequality the two graphs here on the left we see the genie index where OECD nations wealthy nations have an index of their inequality again inequality defined is the difference between the top and bottom quintiles median household income. We see that in the OECD nations the highest level of inequality by the genie index is the United States that's on the left now the graph on the right is intended to show what structural inequality is structural why because the relationship is reliable. It's replicated throughout many societies and the data tells the same story in each of those societies so here you see a study by Pickett and Wilkinson, and what they have done is graphed the relationship between income inequality as measured by the genie index that I've left and an index of health and social outcomes on the y axis and what we see is a straight line relationship that describes the connection between income inequality and health outcomes this is to say that in the bottom left hand corner where we see the the nation of Japan. They have lower income inequality smaller gaps between the upper and lower quintile and better health outcomes, right, so the health outcomes index is better on the bottom and worse on the top, and then compare of course the outlier in the upper right hand corner. The relationship is replicated reliably that what makes that's what makes structural inequality structural. Now, what is structural racism. Well, let's start with a definition that the great Kamara Jones has given us in the American journal, public health journal about what racism is. I want to only put two fine points on it three actually one racism is not an attitude of an individual it is a system. It is a system that is historically maintained point to it is a system that as Dr Jones says divides or hierarchically arranges people by value and by worth in a higher and lower order so racism is a system number one. It ascribes value to people based on this construct that we call race how people look their phenotype, their phenotype and their features, how they look. And the third characteristic of what racism is is that after the system hierarchically arranges people, it then allocates resources, based on those relative status.  Right, so structural racism revealed is a system of prior injustices that result in ordering a people so that there is divestment or relative investment over the lifespan, whether they get polluted or clean water hospital access or not healthy or unhealthy food, well ordered jobs or not, again, a system that hierarchically arranges people and their resources, this is structural racism, and here I've defined it again. Here, I've diagrammed it. This is the relationship, I suggest that exists between structural racism and health outcomes structural racism at the bottom is a fundamental cause of poor health outcomes. It's enforced legally by legalized dehumanization by legalized inequality by legalized unprotection of the law, unequal protection of the law, excuse me. At the bottom of the pyramid when you go up higher you see that health outcomes are disparate why because the social determinants of health are organized by these structurally racist environments. Right, so housing, education, food access, access to clean air, clean water, recreational spaces, these are organized in the second tier, the social determinants of health are organized to produce health outcomes that reflect structural racism. Remember the system that organizes and distributes resources. This is diagram in the second tier. And at the top. The place where I argue we waste too much time. At the top are the interpersonal attitudes of racial prejudice and bigotry. Now when I say we waste too much time don't get me wrong. These are things that are horrible, and they need to be corrected, but the danger. The real reason that there is structural inequality in health, the real threat is structural racism. I'll prove that with one example, the city of Charlottesville, I'll dive deeply by starting back where I began structural racism again remember is legal in human legal dehumanization legalized inequality and unequal protection of the law so I'm going to start with a law. This is 1912 segregation or ordinance from the city of Charlottesville. This provision actually has nine different sections nine paragraphs I've reproduced here. Two of them in 1912, the city council in Charlottesville past this ordinance to say that it shall be unlawful for any white person to move or thereby occupy a house next to a black person. A black person in this parlance right. It then section two said it'd be unlawful for a colored person to do the same can't occupy the same building I remember I said there were nine provisions. They went to a great length to make sure that we could not lease occupy spend the night in a hotel. The ordinances followed after that they proliferated to make sure that the races were segregated after this ordinance. Now when I give this speech in a longer format, I tell you about the fact that before this ordinance blacks and whites, during the period of reconstruction did not live a segregated life, according to oral histories in Charlottesville, but I would digress. Let me make the point that this segregation ordinance was very efficient. In allocating resources I've said in a structural racist way allocating resources that produce poor health, historically and contemporarily as well. So if you've ever heard of the series of maps called the sandborn maps I'm going to show you a series of three sandborn maps of Charlottesville, Virginia. There are maps prepared by a fire casualty company. There are sandborn maps from the 1920s 30s 40s and 50s for many localities and my slides are advancing when I don't want them to I want to stay on figure one at for many localities, and they tell a story. They tell a story because the fire casualty company made the maps in order to look at what the materials were that were used to build various edifices. They made the maps to tell them where they would find water. Right. And so these maps tell a story about dehumanization about the impact of that 1912 segregation ordinance. So here we have the map in 1907 in order to orient you to the Charlottesville maps that you will see in succession. I have identified Union station on this map. Now remember, this is immediately before the segregation audience, and you'll have to take it on faith that you will have proof positive that at that time, blacks and whites lived were pretty much scattered by income, rather than by race in Charlottesville. So if you see where Union station is a couple of things to be aware of one. Union station, there are two railways. These are the two railroads of CNO and the Norfolk Southern that came through Charlottesville, and they literally bifurcate the city of Charlottesville into four quadrants. These four quadrants are going to become very important after the segregation ordinance. Okay, so you'll know where Union station is, you know that it is divided. This is Charlottesville into quadrants. Last thing to remember from these, this first map, the colors, the colors matter. Pink is a industrial building, yellow is a home that is wood frame, right, and I'll tell you more about the lines later. Let's fast forward to two maps that are blown up sections of Charlottesville by 1920. By 1920, the segregation ordinance had done its deed. By 1920, on the left, you see the part of Charlottesville that is called Star Hill. It is predominantly excuse me, on the left, my left, you see the part of Charlottesville that is called Willan Mills. It is predominantly white. And on the right, you see the predominantly black neighborhood of Star Hill. So the difference is the density of houses. By 1920, blacks were occupying Star Hill in houses that were closely located to one another, and whites of the same or lesser income working class whites were occupying a more bucolic part of Charlottesville with the Rai-Vanna river running through it, with open space running through it, with a park running through it, and this was not provided to those in the black neighborhood of Star Hill. But the most important thing, and I'm going to rush because I think I'm more interested in conversation by the time I get through these maps, then I'm showing you the same phenomenon in the South Bronx. I'll let you know that those maps are in my deck too, but we'll speed through them. But let's just note one other very important feature, and that is the feature of water. Water is required in order for people to be human, to live, to drink. Now, if you had a close-up of this map, which you would see on the left in Woollen Mills, and again, this is a working class neighborhood. Woollen Mills is called Woollen Mills because the mill that made Confederate uniforms is located there and continued to employ people through the Great Depression. You will see that the water means that the fire casualty company needed in order to know whether they could put out fires, whether there was risk of fire in the residential neighborhood, in the white neighborhood, those lines curse in and out of the residential houses that are marked and separated in this bucolic section of Charlottesville called Woollen Mills. They're not just water around the pink industrial buildings as they are. By comparison, in the map on the right, Starr Hill, you see water go up to the edges on the top where the pink industrial buildings are, but no indoor plumbing, no water, no electricity, no paved streets. By 1920, segregation had done its deed and it had done it in a way that would have lasting health impacts. Why do we know that? Again, last map, this 1920 map, again, I'm showing you that the past is not the past. On the left, the Charlottesville map shows you where Union Station is so that you can see the area in that little pie chart, or I guess it looks more like a Pac-Man. That's Starr Hill. On the right, you see Starr Hill today in 2018. It is still segregated by race. If you were to look at education levels, they are lower here. Crime levels are higher here. Health outcomes are poorer here in this exact same geographical location. I'm going to keep going. I think that you don't need to know much more about Charlottesville. These are the nurses that would have delivered me. If I were born in Charlottesville, I show them just to make sure that the past is not that long ago. I'm not that old, right? They would have delivered me in Charlottesville and on the right, the hospital ward that I would have been born in. This is the University of Virginia Hospital Ward for Black patients at the time called Negro patients. It was located in the basement under the pipes and next to what the veterinary ward of the hospital. This is dehumanization. This is structural racism, right? I deserve to be born in the basement next to where the horses and the pigs and the dogs are cared for. This is what I mean by dehumanization being structural. What does it produce? It produces a black-white infant mortality gap from 1930 to 2018. That is no smaller today than it was when it was first recorded. Now, what has changed is the absolute rate of infant mortality, but the gap between black infant mortality and white infant mortality has not changed. We still see a gap in median household income in Charlottesville. We still see a gap in educational attainment in Charlottesville. We still see a gap in life expectancy. Not only for infants, the other one was all-cause mortality, excuse me, but for adults as well. Why? Because place matters. Because place matters and law operates to institutionalize the health resources that must be allocated in order to live well. I'll end with this story. This flight 1549 that went down on the Hudson River one cold freezing January morning when it was taking off from the airport. I don't remember whether it was LaGuardia or Kennedy. I think it was LaGuardia. I went to North Carolina and you know the story because there was a movie made about it. Sully, famously 155 souls on board, they were all saved and in this picture they are all on the exterior of the pain. What I want you to see is that they are grouped into two very separate groups. Clustered on the wing of the plane are the majority of those people they were writing coach. On the very front of the plane on both sides there are people who are in rafts. They have life jackets. They have little canteen kits. They have flares. They won't have to eat each other because they have some food that they can, they can last a long time in that cold Hudson River. Their life chances are better because of the place they sat in on the plane. This is what I mean by place matters. I could show you maps of my hometown. The South Bronx and the structural racism that produces the asthma alley that we live in in the South Bronx still today. The truck routes, the Superfund sites. I could show you that structural racism has harmed Black, Brown, especially Indigenous people with respect to death and hospitalization. You know the data. You know the statistics. I could show you that these data harm not only Black and Brown people, but we ignored the COVID-19, the COVID-19 pandemic and the dangers that it presented to our peril in the beginning because they were concentrated in other people's neighborhoods. But look where it is today. The past is not the past. It is not dead. And Requiem for a None Faulkner said this. And that is the theme I want to leave with you. The past is not the past. It is not even dead. It is not even the past. It is what we was reckoned with today. If we are ever, ever to reach health equity, we must eliminate structural racism. Thank you.  I don't know where to begin. But let us start by our co-moderators, our student colleagues, to kind of feel the question and answers and let me start with Lizzie. What question do you have for the dean? Thank you so much, Dean Matthews. That was such an amazing talk and I've learned so much. I didn't know much about Charlottesville, but my dad is actually from the South Bronx and has asthma and so does my brother. But I guess I just wanted to talk, if you felt comfortable talking a little bit more about this idea that place matters and that as we know this results in these health inequities across racial lines, ethnic lines. But where do we even go from here? Yes, we know that we have to reckon with the past and, and you know, deal with all of their retributive justice, but like what actually would be the next step and like what should we be doing to make that happen? I know that's a lot. No, no, no, it's excellent question and, and, and Izzy, I'm so glad you're going to law school because I'm going to start with the law, right? I think structural racism is, is a legally enabled phenomena that must be dismantled by law, right? I started with the 13th amendment because we embedded structural racism in our Constitution. I started with the 1912 ordinance because we created. Desmond makes the point that residential segregation had to be invented, right? And the mechanism by which it was invented is law. That's the mechanism by which we must dismantle it. Now, what do we do? What do we do? One of the things I do, I like to do is go to audiences of non-lawyers, right? Go to audiences of people who work in health care. Go to audiences of school psychologists and I say, you know, the civil rights movement, the marches that were required, the people who are protesting for Black lives to matter in the streets today, they need your help. If we silo ourselves so that all we do is our bench science or our architectural work. We don't realize that the societal harm presented by structural racism harms everyone. I sped through those slides about the COVID-19 pandemic. So I'll end here. One of the ways that we all must work is we must work for civil rights laws that will desegregate, that will stop gentrification, that will allow us to find affordable homes and unsegregate our schools, right? We have to unsegregate our schools from an economic and from a racial standpoint. Now, we could have a long conversation about whether that means racially. I have a lot to say about what it means to unsegregate our schools. And I don't use unsegregate the same as I would desegregate, but let me say these are the social determinants of health that right now are organized in a discriminatory fashion, right? Why? Because we are not enforcing the Fair Housing Act. Because the Title VI law that should prevent pollution from being disproportionately burdened on Black and Brown communities is not being enforced, because the Supreme Court, as we know it today, has neutralized the Voting Rights Act. Because affirmative action is under threat. Because killing of Black and Brown bodies is done with impunity. Because the law is not enforced in an equal manner. Because the promise that was contained in our organizing documents that said, we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, has never ever been done under our law, right? And the Equal Protection Amendment. That's why I say structural racism is a function of that. So I think we all have to be about getting our laws to line up with our aspirations and enforcing the laws that prohibit discrimination in housing, in education, in the environment, in every place that people live, eat, and worship, and play. When they are able to do so equally and have equal access to resources, they will be healthy. Thank you, Mr. Cotton. One question from you, and then between the two of you, you will begin to feel the question from the chat box. Dr. Matthew, just to reiterate with Izzy again, yes, thank you for all your time and information that you shared with us this afternoon. It's been very helpful and beneficial. But my question for you would be, what was the trigger moment for a trigger event that made you realize this long history of racial disparity in America? Was there a single case or study or anything that really prompted your interest for you to be an advocate for it like you are today? What a great question. Yes and no. The real truth is that my passionate interest in advocacy against structural racism has evolved over time and has become deeper, hotter, I think, over time. I've become more certain about the theories that I advance and the interventions that I propose over time. That's a function of growing as an academic, getting good education, being able to have conversations with people like you, hearing your questions and bouncing off ideas. But there was a moment. There was a moment when I feel I realized that if I wanted the society around me to be different, it was incumbent upon me to do something, whatever something I could do. And I don't know if everybody has this experience. I'm old enough that I should not remember it, but I remember the first time someone used the N word against me. I remember. I remember I could not have been in double digits in terms of age. I remember the location if I went to 90th Street and 1st Avenue near the East River today, I could find that location because I was in a playground on a monkey bar and somebody came over to me.  And the children obeyed and left. I will be honest with you. I don't remember being hurt or insulted. I remember being appalled. Are they crazy? What are they talking about? I just remember thinking, what world are they living in? But that's at the stage for me to say, this world is a skew. There's something wrong here. And my personality from that moment began to evolve and amass some tools and more tools and more tools and more tools. And I hope tomorrow I'll have another tool that I didn't have today. So the answer is yes, there was a moment. I always remember that moment, but I got more and more, I guess, equipment and passion about it as each day passed. Okay, great. Thank you so much. For the next question, we have someone asking how did the ordinance become politically popular enough to be passed, even though the two communities were living harmoniously, or harmoniously loosely, I guess. Yeah, that is a really, really good question. This is the piece that I really have to rely upon dehumanization to explain because you ask yourself, my God, what is the story that we must tell ourselves in order to justify this social reordering. It wasn't unique to Charlottesville. At the turn of the century, it became very popular, the Ku Klux Klan arose historically, it became very popular for thought leaders to begin to think about the lost cause in the south, right. The Civil War was lost, but it should not have been, it was called the War of Northern Aggression. And you can see newspaper clippings, articles, you can see so many original sources of these thought leaders capturing the hearts and minds of people in order to explain in terms that can only be described as dehumanizing, that they would convince their neighbors. And let me say, in much the same way that the people who stormed the capital were convinced of untruths about the election, are convinced about, I mean, people walked in wearing shirts that said six million is not enough. How do you do that? You must buy the dehumanizing story. That's why the thought leadership. That's why the psychology of how we think of other people is so powerful. I maintain that the way that ordinance became effective was that people who were white supremacists won the hearts and minds of common, ordinary people who stayed silent, who thought it was not that big a deal. Who thought that the fringe could never capture the hearts and minds of mainstream as a society. And when I teach my students, I teach them, because again I'm in Washington DC, how fragile democracy is, how fragile equality is, if we don't ardently and vigilantly protected each and every day ourselves. Thank you so much for that amazing response. And the next question we have from the attendees comes from Mr. Jay Wilberforce. Question is, wasn't there a tendency of African American families to settle near our stations due to Pullman Porter work opportunities in rail, when other jobs are segregated slash block? Certainly that's part of the story. So one of the things that's important about this question or is to point out that structural racism as I showed in the diagram creates a seamless web of inequality in opportunity, right? So why should I, because of the color of my skin have access to one job and not another job, right? Will and Mills, which I showed you was all white and the salaries were not only better than Pullman Porter's, but in the 1920s the white workers in Will and Mills went on strike. That never happened in the Black neighborhoods, right? So this is an example of how segregation begets limited opportunity by education, begets limited opportunity by employment, begets a decision, right? A quote unquote choice, but the choice is structured by your employment, by your race, by your income, by your education, by your housing, right? That's what we mean by structural racism, right? Yeah, that was the choice. But all other choices were structured to be available or unavailable by race. So the next question is from Katrina Rhodes and she says, thanks for a great presentation. In a society constructed to disadvantage some and advantage others, how do you get those advantages to buy into the concept that more equitable distribution of resources benefits all? Yeah, that's a hard one. There's a debate among race scholars. There are two theories I'll tell you, two ways that you could do it. You could do it with Derek Bell's concept of interest convergence, right? And that's a little bit of what I was doing with the COVID maps.  And there's data. There's plenty of data that shows that we have nice data that shows us that more explicitly racist counties in the United States experience higher all cause mortality for blacks and whites, higher infant mortality for blacks and whites, higher myocardial infarction for blacks and whites, right? So our interests converge.  We want to live a little longer. We better all get on this together. Look at the decline in life expectancy in the United States, right? One year for whites, two years for blacks, life expectancy does not decline in a year. So the COVID pandemic that we ignored while it was concentrated in urban black and brown neighborhoods and rural brown neighborhoods has killed us all, right? So that's an interest convergence idea. Another idea is that we're just in a moment right now. We're in a moment. The pandemic has paused us. We've had killing after killing on the national stage, Floyd, George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, I'm at Arbery. Even Amy Cooper, we've had this national pause to look at what racism does to us as a society, right? And we might as an ethical matter have a reckoning, a racial, a moment of racial reckoning. I don't know which is true. I only know these are my moments. And so I'm going to try and use them to convince some. Thank you to continue what you were talking about with George Floyd and Breonna Taylor. We have a question from Sheika Khalivor. She asked, how do you see the events of 2020, like those that you named before George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, et cetera, affect your professional work as a lawyer? Are you optimistic about the future or do you encounter barriers currently? Oh, yes, to all of that, right? So yes, I encounter barriers. Yes, I'm optimistic about the future. I'm optimistic about the future in large part, because I'm getting to talk to people who are getting ready to go to law school who are fourth generation students at Morehouse going to excuse me, at Tuskegee, getting ready to go to medical school. I'm optimistic because at the moment that we are in, there is more understanding of and more data of the detriment that structural racism does to our society than there ever has been before. I'm talking to audiences of students that are more articulate than I ever was before. I am optimistic because the student that I speak to today has no hesitation to say, on the one hand, I'm a law student. On the other hand, I'm going to march at the Capitol. I'm going to collaborate with communities. I'm not going to bifurcate by social status. They're going to do a better job yet. I am a lawyer and I watch the rule of law be broken every day. And that I have to reckon with. I have to reckon with the fact that when access to justice is denied along racial lines, there are days I have to get up and say, why am I doing this? I answer by saying that the American experiment is just that. It is an experiment. President Obama told us we are forming a more perfect union, right? The union is far from perfect. And it's my duty for the time that I have to try and perfect it further. So that kind of dovetails nicely into the next question, which is from AJ. And AJ asks about how, well, first AJ says, thank you, thank you, thank you. I appreciate your words and energy. In just medicine, you discussed the obfuscation of implicit bias and litigating inequities. I was so inspired, I created a measure of institutional racism and healthcare to support accountability. But as you spoke to today, laws were created to infuse discrimination into institutional behavior. At what point are we hoping the master's tools will dismantle the master's home? Oh, my goodness. So much in this, first of all, kudos to you for creating a metric of institutional racism. I want to see and read your work. That's one of the reasons I want to be clear. That's one of the reasons I'm so optimistic. I would love to read your work. Please send it to me. Yeah, Audrey Lord. So, in very real ways, if all we do is rely upon a white supremacist infused institutional racism environment, a set of laws. If we only rely upon the largesse, if you will, of someone who says, okay, I'll take the IIT, I'm biased. I'll do some bias training. If that's all we do, then we really are not going to make the kind of progress that I think this moment warrants. If on the other hand, we, and I want to be careful here, I'm using the word radical, advisedly, we radically enforce and insist that the doctrine, the principles, the ideals upon which this nation was built are actualized. If we radically demand that the notion that all humans are equal be absolutely and unequivocally manifested in our laws and institutions, then it is not the master with a small M that we are looking to use to dismantle racism. It is the master with a big M. And I would argue that I and that master are a majority. So our next question is from Mr Bob Chura. He asked, if I recall your book correctly, you believe the law should focus on the actual outcomes of the systems and not the intention of those who work in those systems. If this is correct, could you expand a bit on this idea. So I, I want to repeat it. My book, just medicine. The questioner says believes that the law should work on the outcomes and not the intense. Yes. Okay. I believe that structural racism is as my diagram suggested a institutional problem that does not require me to win the hearts and minds of every white supremacist. Right. I think that is a really tedious exercise. Trying to get people to like me and love me is not the objection objective excuse me. And so in just medicine, the call the person who's written this question is exactly right. I don't want to stop at the top start at the top of the pyramid looking to change individual prejudice. Right. That's not the enterprise that I think will really change the structures that have produced population level disparities. I think a public health approach to the problem of structural racism and suggest that it is population level patterns that I want to arrange differently. It is prevention of structures and institutions of discrimination, rather than worrying, at least in my work, worrying about whether I get you or the next person to act less. Like a bigot. Right. To like me more to want to sit next to me more to want to be my friend more the playground. Right. The kids that didn't want to play with me I thought I thought very little about trying to go after them and convince them that they were wrong as individuals. And that's, I think, the best example of how I can say, I'm concerned with the structures in the outcomes. Right.  I want you to treat my children who are in need of mental health treatment. The same way you're treating your children. I don't care if you like us or not. The outcome is what I need to change.  I'm in public health so when you end on public health you got my, my vote. Wonderful wonderful thing to say that let me thank you for spending this time with us and our two co moderators. You can see we've got a wonderful future ahead of us.  Indeed, indeed. Yeah, and this this is a powerful way to end this series you've had a wonderful celebration of more minority health month. Black History Month, all that males into being the same. So let me again thank you and we are going to do something with what we've heard, and we'll be back in touch. Thank you kindly. We promise you this has been wonderful. Thank you. I've enjoyed immensely. Thank you so much for having me. Thank you so much for being here.


The role of the principal is absolutely crucial in the success of coaching. If the principal is not actively involved in the leadership of the work, all the research shows that coaching will not take hold. So what does that look like? The principal having a vision for what teaching and learning can look like in classrooms. The principal saying, let me organize schedules so that adults have time to collaborate and plan and debrief. The principal saying, I'm going to sponsor the work of coaching by explaining that the reason we have coaching as a tool is to elevate our profession further and to help meet the needs of students in the classroom. The principal organizing meetings between teachers and coaches and just voicing and sponsoring and being a part of the ongoing professional development work. Without the principal, the coaches left to just say, who wants to work with me? Anyone want to work with me? That's not systemic change. And coaching is a way to impact systemic change because the leader of the school has to be at the helm of that ship. The principal is a key player in any coaching initiative. All of us understand that the work of the instructional leaders, the coach and the teachers have the same goal, which is improvement of student achievement and the development of wonderful people who can operate in a global society and democratic world, etc., etc. Then we're all trying to accomplish the same thing. We're just doing it from different roles. So the most important thing, first of all, is the principal and the coach need the same images of what effective instruction actually looks like, feels like, and sounds like. So there's like a plan, a strategic plan, that the coach and the principal need to develop together. The coach is like a bridge between the faculty and the principal and vice versa so that when you start to implement these things, the coach is going back and forth between these different groupings to bring information between them. So in other words, they're allowing the information to flow. They are the feedback loops. And it's those feedback loops that keep the coaching cycle, the coaching initiative healthy because you can then adjust it based on what you're finding in the field.


Welcome to today's training for Give Big, San Bernardino County. My name is Linda Gerhardt and I've been working closely with the Community Foundation on Give Big, and I'm the project manager for the event on the Mighty Cause platform. And joining me today is Andrea from the community program. So hi, Andrea. Hello. Hello, everyone. And welcome. We're glad you're here. Yes, absolutely. So before turning things over to Andrea for a bit to talk about the event, since she's one of the geniuses hosting it and has lots to say about it, I just wanted to talk a little bit about who Mighty Cause is and how we're involved in Give Big. We're a nonprofit fundraising platform, and before this year, we were called Razoo. So the platform hasn't changed, but our name has. And we're one of the market innovators for Giving Days, and we're also a full-service nonprofit software provider, and we were recently rated one of the top nonprofit software providers by Gartner Research and Captera, which is kind of cool. We're the technology provider for Give Big and host the event on our platform. So you do need a Mighty Cause account to participate in the event, and we're also providing technical support to your nonprofit and your donors for Give Big. Just as a bit of housekeeping, Andrea and I will be taking questions at the end of the webinar. So if you think of a question during the presentation, just type it into the questions box of your go-to webinar panel, and we'll make sure to get to it at the end. And with that, I will pass the torch on to Andrea. Hello, hello. Thank you so much, Linda. And I really want to thank Mighty Cause and Linda for your years of formerly Razoo of commitment to San Bernardino County. We are so thankful, and you guys have come through for us. And I think a lot of you may know that after the December 2nd shooting, you, Razoo, at the time, was the first group to reach out to me and asking about the nonprofits in San Bernardino. So you guys really care and we appreciate that. So yay. OK, so just some things we want to point out. If you haven't gone to the nonprofit toolkit for our training sessions, you need to do that. We have some fantastic training sessions coming up. And part of your registration fee, actually, your registration fee will get you into these. So you really need to avail yourself of these training sessions. They are being done by pros in the community that know the landscape of San Bernardino, so you need to join in. Second one is friend us, or third one, is friend us on Facebook. Check in frequently as there are valuable updates. And I know that you probably know now with Facebook, you have to really choose to go to the page for it to appear in your news. So you need to do that. Also, let us know of any events you are planning. We have a nonprofit group. I am so sorry, guys. We have a nonprofit group that is several nonprofit groups that are attending the social media. And we want to get word out on your social media events.  So please send me a text message, my number's at the end. And I will get back to you. And there you go. Awesome. Thank you. I'm sure we can all hear that you are so busy trying to coordinate this event and talking to a million people. So I really appreciate you taking the time to be on this webinar. So from here on out, it's pretty much going to be me talking through the basics of getting started on Mighty Cause and for Give Big and talking about how to gear up for your campaign this year. So the first step in participating in Give Big is registering, as I'm sure you've heard from Andrea and the Community Foundation. It's a very short form, so that doesn't take that long to fill out. There is a registration fee for this event, which Andrea mentioned, which is less the sooner you register for the event. So through the end of the month, it's 125 and beginning in October, it's 150. So if you have not registered yet, now is the time. You don't want that fee to go up on you. You'll hear from us in one or two days to let you know whether your registration was approved or if we have anything that we need to work out with you. And this year for Give Big, you can actually add other people as admins for your Mighty Cause page yourself through your profile. We'll talk a little bit about how to do that so that they'll have access to edit your page and view donor information. So really, all you have to do is go to the Give Big site, click register, start the process, pay the fee. And just as a note, the Community Foundation is managing the registration fee for this year. So there is an outside link where you need to make your payment. It's in the email you'll get confirming that you successfully submitted your registration and again, when it's approved and you're not able to participate in the event without paying that fee. So if you haven't paid it yet, just make sure you do that as soon as possible and just let me or Andrea or anyone else at the Community Foundation know if you're not sure where to pay that. Once you're registered and log into your Mighty Cause account, you'll want to get oriented to your Mighty Cause dashboard, also called your Mighty Cause Manager. Your home screen will give you a quick snapshot of important metrics and any news on the platform. And your profile is your organization page. So the terminology has changed a little bit. If you've participated in years past, your org page is now your profile. And things are a little bit different than this this year. We rolled out the new Mighty Cause Manager earlier this year. So even if you are a veteran of GiveBig and you've participated in years past, I really do take it, recommend taking some time to log in, check out your dashboard and see where things are because we have streamlined it. And we've moved a little bit, some things around to make it a little bit more intuitive for you to navigate. So this is a little bit different this year. Your profile is the name of the org page. And you can edit that by clicking the profile icon on your dashboard. Your donations report is under the donation section of your dashboard. And these are important. You'll need to know where these are and how to export them. So take some time to click around and see what's there. You also have some donor experience settings you can tweak as well to make changes to your donor's checkout experience. Another new thing this year that's very exciting is you have a campaign screen and this is a place where you can see any pages connected to your nonprofit. So in a lot of years past for giving events when you have peer to peer campaigns going on and even some team fundraising challenges or you're just trying to figure out where your page was from last year, these are all centralized for you on this campaign screen. And you can also create new pages on this page. It's from this screen as well. So this is a really cool new tool. So log in, see where it is and see what other pages you have going on on the platform. You also have settings, which is where you can add other admins. You just click the button that says add an admin and enter their email address and title. You can manage your fundraising settings, set up EFT, which is your direct deposit option for disbursements. So I really just recommend one of the first things you should do after you get confirmation that you've successfully registered is log in. Take a look through the Mighty Cause Manager and get used to your dashboard because these tools are going to become very important to you as you gear up for your campaign. After you've logged in and you've navigated to your profile, you'll want to update your page. If this is your first year, you'll need to fill it out because once you become an admin of your nonprofit, it's usually a little bit empty.  This is the main page you'll share for your give big. So use your story and gallery to tell your story, talk about your campaign and make your appeal to donors about why they should donate. Part of updating your page is updating your theme, which is basically just how your page looks. So upload a logo. It does need to be one to one ratio or square. And if you don't have one that works, if you have a Facebook profile picture that you've been using, that will also, in most cases, work as your logo on your Mighty Cause page. And you can also upload a background image to add visual interest to your page. We have filters available, so you can ramp up the colors if you really want to make it stand out or just tone it down if you really don't want that filter to be in place. You can change the color. So you can change those things to make sure that your page looks the way you want it to and matches your brand as a nonprofit. And just as a note on background images, Mighty Cause is mobile responsive, which means that you can access the same page on a mobile device, a smartphone, a tablet. And what that means is that the page needs to be able to adjust to the size of the screen that it's being viewed on. And for that reason, background images with a lot of text can sometimes get cropped off on a mobile device, depending on the size of the screen or a tablet. So we really recommend keeping your background image and image rather than doing a text overlay just so that it doesn't get messed up when somebody looks at it from a tablet or their mobile phone. You can also set a theme color. So if you have a color for your brand, you can have that reflected on your page and change the color of some of the text in your donate button to match your brand and your logo. Also on your profile is your story, which is really the centerpiece of your campaign and your own space to tell your story and talk about your nonprofit and your campaign and get people emotionally involved in your work. We have a simple inline text editor that makes it easy for you to make your story look really jazzy and to add formatting like headers, lists and so on to make your story more interesting to read. You can also add images and video to help tell your story. Images can be uploaded directly to the platform, but just as a note, videos do need to be uploaded to either YouTube or Vimeo before you can embed them. And both of these services offer free accounts.  Another cool thing you can do to your story is add a custom tab. So for instance, if you were having an in-person event or wanted to offer some information about peer-to-peer fundraising, forgive big, or just wanted to supplement what's in your story with more information but not have it be on your page, on the main page that people go to, you can add a custom tab that people can toggle to to get more information. On your profile, you'll also want to add and integrate your social media accounts. You can upload images into a media gallery, connect your Instagram account, which will feed directly into your My Geekos page, connect to Facebook gallery, and optimize your social sharing settings. So you can actually add a custom image to share on social media or Facebook, rather, that is optimized for Facebook's settings. So it's the right size and it looks good on Facebook because your logo might not translate on Facebook. So you do have that option of adding that custom image in and making a few other tweaks. This all gives people additional information about your work and just helps your page feel more robust and vibrant. So donations and disbursements are an important part of preparing for an event like Give Big. So I just wanted to take a few minutes to talk through where all of this information is on My Geekos. You will receive an email notification when a new donation is made, if you're an admin. So if there's somebody on your team who really needs to be getting these notifications about donations, make sure to add them as an admin in your settings. But you'll really want to utilize your donations report to track donations. You can do it with the emails, but it's kind of messy. So we have this nice report for you that you can easily export. So use this to track your donations and just use the email notifications as a heads up about a new donation. Under the donation section, you can view and export a report with all of your donor data. And just keep in mind that the view when you actually go to your donations report on My Geekos is just limited by the space we have available. But you can export a spreadsheet that has much more information about each donation. So if there's something that you're not able to see in the view on My Geekos, export the spreadsheet because you most likely will find it there. Disbursements are twice monthly if you have EFT set up on the 10th and 25th of the month and once per month, if you once per month, if you get a check. So what this means is that since GiveBig happens on October 30th, you will receive your first disbursement for any donations before the 15th of October on November 10th and receive the second half of the donations from the month with your donations from the event on the 25th. If you don't have EFT set up, you'll get everything in one check sent around the 10th, but we recommend setting up EFT so you can start getting disbursements sooner, get them directly and avoid things like checks, getting lost in the mail. We don't like when it happens. We try to prevent it as best we can, but unfortunately, the U.S. Postal Service is what it is and sometimes things get lost. So EFT prevents all of that and make sure that you get your money sooner. Once you get your disbursement, you'll be able to access a report for that disbursement under the disbursement section. So you can see everything that was included in that disbursement. So if you're reconciling and it's not adding up and you're not understanding what's on your disbursement, on your donations report, you can pull your disbursement report and you can see what's there, what was included, if there was any adjustment like a refund that is affecting the amount of your disbursement. So make sure you know where that is and know how to access it so that when you're doing all of your accounting for GiveBig, you know where to get these reports. You can also add offline gifts in your donation section. So your totals reflect all of your fundraising efforts and you can see where that button is located here on the slide. If you want to count offline gifts, you'll just need to be sure that you have opted into counting them in your page totals, which is in your page settings. And one thing I just want to make a note of because it's really important is that ForgiveBig only online donations count toward prizes. So you can add them to your page, but they won't affect your position on the leaderboard or help you win prizes. It's really more of a display tool so people can get a full picture of the fundraising you're doing. And for that reason, we recommend encouraging your donors to give online for GiveBig whenever possible. So you have some pretty cool tools you can use to make sure that you've optimized the checkout process for donors and you're getting the information you want from them. The donor experience options are located under donations in your dashboard. And on this screen, you can choose what data to collect, add custom donation suggestions that tie a dollar amount into a real world item or service. It will help your organization provide and preview the whole checkout process. So you can ensure that it functions the way you want it to for donors. And I really recommend going through your own checkout process yourself leading up to the event because sometimes you'll choose your options and you say, oh, I want to collect this, this and this information. But then when you go through the checkout process, you go, oh, my gosh, this is so many steps. And so that will help you winnow in on what you really need from people and make sure that that process is easy and simple because donating online needs to be quick and easy and convenient for donors. So you don't want that checkout process to be too cumbersome for them. We've also added a thank you page this year where you can add a video and a custom message. And you can also add a call to action button to this page that will tell your donors where you want them to go after they've completed their donation. So perhaps that's your website. Perhaps that's just back to your main mighty cause page. Maybe you want to direct them to your Facebook page so that they can share on Facebook. It's really up to you, but that thank you page is what donors will see after they've completed their donation. So pay some attention to it. In the donor experience tool, it's under post checkout. So you'll just need to toggle between the checkout steps and the post checkout steps to be able to customize that thank you page. That's also where you can update the custom message on your receipt. Also in donations are matching grants and a matching grant is basically a large donation that your nonprofit nonprofit leverages to bring in additional donations by offering it as a match. So for instance, if you have a $1,000 donation from a major gift donor, you can offer that up as a match and say that any donations during give big will be matched one to one up to a thousand dollars. And you can add your matching grant to display on your page using the matching grants tool. This is also under the donation section of your dashboard. You do not need to have the match fulfilled online, though it can certainly be fulfilled online if your grand tour would like to help you when leaderboard prizes with their their donation. But if you have a grant or paying by check, you'll want to count that match in your totals. There's a little check box where you can opt into or opt out of including it in your organization's metrics. What that means is that if someone donates twenty five dollars and you have a one to one match live, you'll add fifty dollars to your total to reflect the match that you don't have to enter that total match as an offline gift separately. So we'll do it for you. You just have to let us know that you want us to do it. Or if they are making their donation online, you want to check uncheck that box, rather, that says that you or check that box that says don't schedule grant value in organization metrics. So you don't want to include it because that would include it. Basically, count you the donation twice. And lastly, I wanted to go over your settings on your dashboard. When you click settings, this is where you can add and remove admins, which as we've discussed is important so that the right people have access to your page, update your legal address, which is also very important if you will be receiving a check set up EFT, which I recommend that everybody do because it's simple and easy and secure and customize your URL and social media sharing options. We talked a little bit about the social media sharing options. The URL, it can be customized so that if you have a really long legal name or you just don't want ink at the end of your legal name and it's showing in your URL because our system will pull your legal name, you can shorten it to something that reflects your organization's name, but is maybe a little bit shorter, easy to remember and easier to type into an address bar in a browser. And also to fit into any marketing materials that you might be preparing for GiveBig. OK, so now we're going to move on to a little bit of campaign strategy. As Andrea mentioned in her earlier in the webinar, they've provided a really great toolkit for nonprofits that you can easily access on the GiveBig site. So we recommend making full use of this page. From the toolkit, you can sign up for trainings. And as Andrea mentioned, there's a lot of cool stuff that they're doing to help you get prepared for the event. You can access tips and how tos, find templates for social media and emails and more, and you can also watch old webinars. So if you miss this one or you miss the next one, it'll be posted in the nonprofit toolkit and you can watch it there. You can also find the GiveBig logo to add to your own communications for the event or if you wanted to make some custom graphics for social media. You can start accepting donations for GiveBig on September 30th. So take advantage of the ability to accept early donations and get a head start on the competition. You can review the donations on your donations report and you'll receive emails letting you know that they've come in. And just as a note, these are not pledges. These are donations that are processed immediately and they just count toward your GiveBig totals. So you'll just want to make that clear to your donors when you're asking them to donate early. It's not something that's scheduled in advance. It's something that processes immediately but helps you during GiveBig. Donors don't need an account to make a donation so they can easily donate on their own timetable and help you win Big on GiveBig. Excuse me. One great way to boost your campaign and reach more people on GiveBig is to activate ambassadors who are engaged supporters who start fundraising on your behalf. This can help you reach new people, raise more money and engage your biggest supporters in a meaningful way. You can ask people to fundraise for you on social media and in emails. And it's just a really great way to go beyond your existing donor base and have new people learn about your work. Peer to Peer fundraising is all about people telling their own story about your work and their connection to it, why they support it, why they're so invested in your cause. And that has a great testimonial effect because people trust other people that they know rather than companies or organizations or nonprofits. So it helps you build grassroots support for your work and your GiveBig campaign. Because they're going to go out to their social network and tell everybody that they should donate to their fundraiser for your nonprofit. So it really gets more people involved and helps you reach beyond the people that you already have in your email list. And finally, you'll want to spread the word about your campaign.  Really, go all out, make people aware of it and use anything you have at your disposal to make people aware of your participation in the skimming day. People are more likely to take action. I'm sorry. We recommend segmenting your donor groups to talk to people more specifically. People are more likely to take action when they're being spoken to personally. So segmentation is an easier way to see greater returns on your efforts. So basically what that means is that instead of sending a big blast to everybody in your donor base, you want to winnow in and separate out your big donors from your one-time donors, from your volunteers, and just make sure that you're talking to these groups specifically because the more specifically you speak to them and their interests and their relationship with your nonprofit, the more likely you are to see them take the action that you want, which is going to your Mighty Cause page and making a donation for Give Big. Plan and schedule your communications in advance and make use of the info and templates available in the toolkit to help you do that. There's a lot of really great stuff there. So if you haven't already been in that toolkit and started looking at that information, make sure you do that because it's really important and there's lots of great stuff there that will make your campaign, planning your campaign so much easier. Best practice is to have a clear call to action or CTA, like donate or give now with a link to your page. So in email, you'll want to use those buttons that are available to you. If you use something like Constant Contact or MailChimp and on social media, you'll just want to use that urgent language as well because it is time-sensitive for you and it helps you be seen. It helps people not scroll by because you need their help now. So you just want to make sure that everybody knows what to do. Sometimes nonprofits will put together really great emails with great stories but then fall short when it comes to the call to action that asks, that tells the person who's read the email what to do. So you just want to make sure that you use a clear CTA and you want to make sure that it is properly linked. So please test emails and make sure that your link works before sending them out. And also just test on social media and make sure that the link goes exactly where you want it to go. All right, so that's it for the presentation. I'd like to open the floor up for questions. So as I mentioned, if you have a question for either me or Andrea, you can just type that into the questions box on your go-to webinar panel. And give me, I'll just take a second and see what we've already got in the queue. Okay, so the first question is, what are the benefits of using a fundraiser versus your organization page? Which is a really great question. So your organization page is really a year round page for your organization where they can learn generally about your work and you can use it to participate in an event like Give Big if you aren't planning on using Mighty Cause as your main platform. The benefit of a fundraiser is really that you have some campaign-specific tools available to you, meaning you have a thermometer where you can monitor how much you've raised and you can set an end date. So those two little things add urgency to your page. So it's really up to you and how you'd like to participate a fundraiser as long as it's connected to your nonprofit counts just as well as your organization page. So really just think about your campaign and how you're participating. If you're doing something like raising money to do repairs or to start a new program, a fundraiser page may be a great avenue to talk about that because you have that campaign-specific messaging. So it really comes down to what you wanna do. Using either is perfectly fine and acceptable, but if you're looking for that more specific campaign messaging and you want that thermometer on your page and you want to set a duration, a fundraiser is what you probably wanna do. If you wanna keep it simple and limit the number of pages that are there for your organization just to make it easy for people to find the correct page, then you can go ahead and use your organization page. Both are correct, neither is wrong. You can do whatever works best for your nonprofit. All right, so let's see. Can you explain more about matching grants? So this could be a webinar in and of itself because matching grants is one of the more complex tools on Mighty Cause, but basically if you have a relationship with a board member or a major donor or even a corporate sponsor or community partner and you're able to secure a large donation for them, you can talk with them about providing a matching grant. So instead of just taking the donation, like let's say somebody gives you $5,000, you can take that $5,000 and use it to drive more donations for yourself. It's basically like a Bogo deal for donors. Like they're getting something for free, they're doubling their money, they're making their donation go further. So that can be really effective at motivating people to actually stop and make that donation when you're telling them, hey, if you donate 25 bucks, you give our organization 50 bucks. So it's really just a campaign messaging tool. You can work out specific terms with your grantors. So some grantors will just provide the full donation for your nonprofit, no questions asked and you're using it to market it to get more donations. And some grantors will really want to have a true match where they say I'll provide up to $5,000. If you only raise 4,000, then you get $4,000, not the full 5,000. So you wanna just talk to them about the terms and work it out. One thing that's really cool about matching grants is that if you have people in the community or businesses you work with, it can give them a little bit of positive PR because you can advertise that the matching grant is provided by their business or provided by this community partner. So they're a really great way to drive donations, to engage your major donors, your sponsors. And just have a bigger impact on a day where you have a limited amount of time to raise as much money as possible. So as far as the tool goes, it's more or less straightforward. We do have a support article that goes into the nitty gritty of how matching grants work. And if you have questions or you're setting up a matching grant, you can always reach out to our support staff at support at mightycause.com. And they will help you with any questions you have. If you just need some guidance, they can point you towards some resources. But it's a pretty straightforward tool. It used to be a little bit more limited in terms of how it worked in previous years, but we did a recent update for it and it functions really nicely. And all you have to do is enter that information. Really the most important thing to know about matching grants is whether you're collecting the grant offline or online because you don't wanna have that counted twice. So you don't want an offline donation to be counted or rather an online donation to end up in your totals twice because we're gonna be automatically adding it to your totals. So just make sure that when you go through that process, you pay close attention to that checkbox that asks you whether or not you want to add the grant into your organization's metrics. I'll share the link with Andrea and make sure that you guys have access to that support article for matching grants because they can really be a game changer on giving days like Give Big. So if you have that relationship with a grantor, I really do recommend trying to secure one. And it's early enough in the game now that you can start doing that outreach and scheduling those calls and trying to find somebody to provide a matching grant for Give Big, which will help you win prizes and climb up the leaderboard and basically crush it on Give Big on October 30th. And Linda, I also think this is a good opportunity to get your board engaged. If your board could, as a group, come up with a certain dollar amount, then that could also be an incentive to kind of pool their money as a matching grant as well. Oh, yeah, definitely. I mean, and board members, part of their primary function for nonprofits is usually fundraising. So this is a really great way for them to fulfill their duties as people who are supposed to be providing guidance for fundraising for your nonprofit. So definitely looking within at your inner circle like your board is a great place to start, especially if you've never had a matching grant before. And just as another note to jump off of that, board members are also really great ambassadors for your nonprofit. So even if your nonprofit is not able to get your board to provide a matching grant, what they can do is get engaged in some peer-to-peer fundraising. So that's another option that you can use to engage your board is, you know, ask them like, hey, will you create a fundraiser and reach out to your social network and ask them to support us? And they also, they have a great connection to your work. So they are natural people to talk about what you do in the world and why it's important. So yeah, that's a great tip. And one other thing, you can also use this as your annual day of giving for them. So they can commit and they can also use those dollars then to leverage more dollars. So if you look at this as instead of just giving at the end of the year, you know, pass the hat around, use this campaign to have the board give and then, you know, then their $10 donation or 20 or 30 or 40 could equal a golden ticket or more. Yeah, absolutely. It could be a total game changer for you. And that's part of why your board is there. Like they provide guidance, but they're also supposed to help you with money. So reach out to them if you're kind of not sure where to go with it because they may be able to collectively give you money or you may even just have a board member who's like, hey, I want to do this. So yeah, that's totally amazing advice. And if you have any questions about matching grants or how to do the outreach, Andrea is here to help. I'm here to help. You can email me directly with those questions since that's more strategic rather than like, what's my password? But yeah, just let us know. We'll be healthy to help you out. We also have a lot of resources on how to sort of go about finding a matching grant. We can't do the work for you, unfortunately, but we can certainly give you some best practices and some guidance on how to go about getting a grant. And it looks like that's all we've got for questions. If you have any last minute questions before we end the webinar, just type them into that questions box so that we can make sure to get to it.  So I'll just give you a minute to type in there if you have anything. Don't be shy. I won't tell everybody your name, but I want to make sure that you have a chance to ask any questions you have so that you don't have to send emails in the middle of your campaign. So. And one thing, and while hopefully people are writing questions in, I also want to say that really, Mighty Cause does have a wealth of information on some of the tips like the matching grants, but you should really, really, really think about, especially one thing that I learned from Mighty Cause is where you can put the denominations and what those dollar amounts will do for your organization. Non-profits that have those dollar amounts on their profile page or their organizational page tend to get more donations because people can also see, they think, okay, by $10 I can feed a family for X amount or spay or neuter a kitten or a puppy. If you put those denominations that people then tend to give more. So I encourage you to do that and really Mighty Cause, the new platform is wonderful. It's beautiful. So Linda, thank you and thank the team for making it so much easier and better. Oh yeah, absolutely. Thank you so much for all of your kind words. We're so happy to host Give Big, San Bernardino on our platform. It's always an awesome event. And it's a big event too. Like you guys are, like I live in Virginia, everything on the East Coast is so much smaller. San Bernardino County is huge. I looked at it on a map and I was like, whoa, this is so much ground. It's bigger. It's the largest county in the contiguous United States. It's bigger than the states alone. So we are a geographically huge county and we're a county with challenges but our nonprofits are the ones that really do step up and address those challenges. So we're so fortunate to have such a great group of nonprofits. Yeah, absolutely. I'm really excited to see what you guys can do on Give Big, San Bernardino. It's my first year as the project manager for this event. And so far everything has been wonderful. Andrea and the community foundation have been on the ball. And so it looks like we're not having any questions coming in. So I guess I'll wrap things up here and just remind you, you can always email our support staff at supportatmightycause.com. We are here for you. If you got a question from a donor that you don't quite know the answer to, you can also direct your donors to our support too. So we're here to provide support to everybody involved in this event. And if you have any specific questions for me, you can always email me at lyndaatmightycause.com. I'm best for strategic fundraising questions because we have support agents who are available to help you with password issues and login issues and technical things. But I'm here at your disposal if you have questions about strategy or the best way to use the Mighty Cause platform. So don't be shy about reaching out. So happy fundraising. It's super excited. And I look forward to seeing what everybody can do on October 30th. Thank you, Linda. Appreciate it. Thank you nonprofits. And we look forward to seeing your training and remember, give big 10, 30, 18. All right, thank you guys so much. Thank you, Linda. Bye. Bye.


He says he's mostly healed from his time at the local Notre Dame school, but still finds talking about it difficult. He says he witnessed repeated injustices. Despite the difficult times he had at the school, he says prayer helps him from dwelling on the past. But Fontaine was shaken by recent announcements of remains of children being found on former residential school sites across the country. The Notre Dame residential school closed its doors in 1970. There has been talk about searching the grounds there. According to community leaders, the plan to search the site will be revealed later this fall. Many things have been taken from our people, yet we are still here. Our languages are not lost, but simply rested, waiting to be re...