So last year I built a first lightboard at school using SLT's mini-grant. But then, 2020, everything came different, and as you all know, we're now working mostly from home. So, with the winter of 2021 looking the same, I finally decided to build a second lightboard for my home so I can do more videos at home as well. The main difference to the lightboard I built at school is that it's a bit smaller and that I'm going to use a real glass instead of plexiglass in the hope that there will be less scratching. So what you're seeing in this video is actually how I assemble my lightboard one beautiful afternoon. Identical to the first lightboard, I first put a strip of LEDs around the board so that the light can shine into the glass and I placed a second strip of LEDs around it on the backside to shine some light on the presenter, which in this case will be me. So now it's ready to be tested. So this is yellow, also my red paint. I have blue, my good old green one. So I have something here, and what if I go full glass now? If you want to get notified about the videos I will be doing with this new lightboard, subscribe to my YouTube channel. Bye bye!


Steve can you talk about the total effort in that first quarter and how maybe Blake's follow-up champs set the tone for the whole game but how you came out of the gate tonight. Yeah great start guys who are prepared and hungry and you know not only played well but you know just battled and fought and scrapped you know did the did the little things that it takes to win. Greg Logan with Newsday. Steve what the decision to start Brown was that basically to get your best defensive lineup out there and how do you feel like he and Griffin set the tone against Middleton and Giannis in the first half. Yeah like I said you know they really came out and played well to start the game a lot of energy a lot of fight and you know Blake's been playing very well and doing all the little things and we know Bruce does that as well. So just their energy and fight I think was fantastic it's contagious and I thought the whole group really performed well at the gates. Alex Schiffer with The Athletic. Hey Steve you said a couple months ago how there are certain guards that would laugh you out of the gym if you asked them to screen the way Bruce does for you guys. I mean you seem to cause the books defense a lot of problems with with that just can you kind of speak to what what his impact was offensively with that tonight. Yeah you know I mean it's it's a it's a rare skill for a guard to screen a role like that you know he's he's he's quick. He's smart he screens and he also gets in and out quickly so he makes it very difficult to defend because of his his pace and then when he does get the ball you know he's really skilled at rolling and making a play or drawing the defense and passing to his teammates so he's he's it's really unique to have a guard be able to pick that up and do it so well and you know almost seamlessly. You know he did it from day one when we asked him to do that almost naturally so it's very I mean it's it's valuable and it's impressive and he's just he's just been a really great piece for us. Christian Winfield with New York Daily News. Coach when when you think of the teams most likely to come out of the East there's obviously you guys there's Philly and there's Milwaukee to beat another team that is obviously hoping to compete for a championship to beat them by what 39 tonight. Do you bask in that satisfaction at all or do you balance that by remembering that you guys have to go on the road and win two there as well. And I mean it's it's whether you win by two or you win by 25 it's just one game. We held home court we performed well in the two games for our group we want to keep growing keep getting better you know we're still very new to one another and so there's a lot of things that we can continue to refine and improve. You know and we'll we'll we'll go and try to keep improving in Milwaukee. Ryan Lewis with the New York Post. Hey Steve. Giannis average almost 40 against you in the regular season. I'm curious in your mind the two or three biggest factors in being able to hold them defensively and not let him basically break the whole game plan. Well I think we've just competed you know you can talk about schemes and all that stuff but really I just our fight and our level of competition. Guys being locked in being aware of the game plan and and being able to take care of details has been outstanding and it's got to continue. It's even got to improve. You know they're going to they're going to raise their level and we got to raise ours as well. Steve Liechtenstein of WFN. Hey Steve that ferocity that you just mentioned. Was that just a matter of turning on the switch knowing the opponent or is you think it's a little bit about continuity playing together. I think a bit of both. I mean I think we recognize you know that they're a very good team and we have to bring everything we have. And then I think continuity and confidence is growing. So I think we're more aware of what we're trying to accomplish in more scenarios and that's helping us you know feel free to really go for it. Play hard compete. Be willing and OK to make mistakes but try to do the right things about this. Mike the car with the New York Post.  You're now sorry. Yeah. Steve obviously you went to you sat here and answered a thousand questions for us about defense all all season long. I mean what is it. What does it mean to you to walk off the court and see that number on you know under the books. I mean I realize there's a lot of mitigating circumstances to why it's that number to blow out. But I mean that's got to be satisfying to you. I would think. Yeah. Of course. The guys have worked hard at it this year trying to find our best kind of level defensively what works for us how we can refine and improve it. Tonight was exceptional but our defense been pretty solid throughout the playoffs. Yeah. So it's something though that we're proud of but we got always feel like underdogs down there and play with that heart and connectivity to do everything we can to kind of overcome some of the disadvantages we have in size and what not. So great effort tonight. We're growing. We're improving at that end of the floor. It's important for us to continue to feel the need for growth down there. Sir. So he with the ringer. Steve. I was just wondering what your thoughts on were on why you know your guys's offense seems like it is chugging along no matter who it is. It's on the court. Yeah. Well, you know it's I mean I don't want to overstate why that's happening right now. But I think we've just tried to preach a philosophy. You know we have our sets. We have our actions. But really more than anything try to preach a way of playing and that is to make quick decisions move the ball space the floor play off one another in an intelligent way. And just I think the cohesion and feel for one another's grown. I think we understand the way or increasingly understanding the way the different lineups you to play with one another. And trying to be as you know philosophical philosophical in our approach as much as anything rather than being too scripted. And so they've grown into that. I think that right now you're seeing a team that's just starting to find that cohesion no matter who's on the floor. Stephen Bondi with the New York Daily News. Hey coach you obviously saw a lot of KD in Golden State and even before that. OKC. And I'm thinking about that play at the end of the third quarter when he blew past Yanis. I mean how close is he physically to what he was back then you know even post the killing surgery. Yeah I mean it's it's really hard to tell a difference. You know he's he's not only executing at that level but he's you know able to play the minutes and able to sustain such a high level of efficiency. So it's hard to say that he has any depth at this point you know. You know in his games picked up as we go. You know he's gotten I think more reps more comfort and especially defensively and on the boards and some of the things that you know when you're a player that's played for a long time and you're you're a score like that. You're going to focus on trying to get that back first. And so he did that and then he started to pick up the other parts of his game. You know it's very difficult to distinguish you know him now opposed to before the surgery.


In this presentation, we will take a look at taxes for the employer and employee. We're going to look at taxes and deductions and determine whether or not it's the employer tax or employee tax and deduction. In other words, we're looking at who is responsible for paying these items. Is it the employer or the employee? Now this is a confusing question because in one sense you might argue that they're all employer responsible taxes because the employer is really the one that's facilitating the payment, making the actual logistics of the payment happen. However, the question is really whether or not it's being taken out of the employee's gross pay to get down to net pay or is it something that the employer is paying over and above and outside of the calculation of gross pay? That might be a more accurate way to think about it because there's a lot of implications when we say is it an employer tax or an employee tax? Is it an employer deduction or an employee deductions? And again, from an economic standpoint, you could argue who is actually paying the tax. What's really happening if we didn't have the laws that we have here? So it might be more accurate and easier to think about in the context of which taxes are going to be coming out of the gross pay to get to the net pay for the employee in our payroll calculation and which taxes are going to be paid by the employer and not be involved in the gross pay calculation. So we're going to list these out and if the thing says if we say yes in each column or in either column, a yes means that it's going to be an employer responsible type of item. If we say no, it's going to be non employer responsible in that column. And if it's yellow, then it's going to depend. And that's how we'll go through these. And if you memorize the last slide, then you have an advantage here if you can try to recall what you remembered on the last slide. So we're going to go through these here. We've got social security. What type of tax is that? Is it an employer tax, an employee tax or both? And we're going to say it is an employer and it is an employee tax. Confusing a bit, why? Because remember that the social security, they set up kind of like as if it was a 401k matching type of thing. So there's an employer portion to it and there's an employee portion to it. Each pay currently I believe 6.2% of the employee wages. So that's going to be on both sides. So when we see the gross paycheck calculation, the amount coming out here is really only half of the total amount that will be paid. The other half will not be coming out of the paycheck. It will be coming out of the employer's payroll taxes on their side on their checking account. Then we've got Medicare. Is it an employer tax? Yes. Employee tax? Yes. Same thing because these are the two FICA taxes and they're set up in a similar fashion in that the employer will pay for a portion of it, half of it, kind of like a matching type of idea and then the employee will pay for a portion of it. So it will be calculated in the gross pay, reducing the gross pay, but only by half, that's only half that will actually be paid. The other half being paid by the employer, not included in the calculation of net pay, gross pay to net pay paycheck calculation. And then we've got the federal income tax. Is it an employer tax? No. Now note that this, you might say, well what, federal income doesn't a corporation pay federal income tax? Yes, they do. But we're talking in the context of payroll federal income tax, meaning federal income tax that's calculated on the basis of employee wages. Not federal income tax calculated on the basis of the corporation's net income. That's a different type of federal income tax. So note, we have to be careful in the context here. We're talking about federal income tax as a payroll type tax in this case. It's not something that the employer pays, but is responsible for calculating and paying for the employee. In other words, the employer does the logistics of taking it out of gross pay to calculate net pay and then paying it to the Fed, to the government. But it's being paid on behalf of the employee out of their gross pay, not as something out of the employer funds, again, theoretically. So then we have the federal unemployment tax. Is it an employer tax? Yes. Is it an employee tax? No. This is going to be something that does not come out of the calculation of net pay, gross pay to net pay. It's not going to be part of the paycheck calculation. It's not going to be on the pay stub. The employee won't even see this. For that reason, and because it's a lot smaller, we may not have any familiarity with it just by being an employee. The employer, on the other hand, will have to fill out a yearly 940 and pay this tax. Smaller tax, but it's still something that's a pain because you've got to calculate it. There's a little cap on it and everything, so you have to report for it. So that one comes out of the employer portion, not out of the employee. State unemployment. Is it an employer tax? Yes. Is it an employee tax? It depends on the state. Now this one is that unusual one in that we usually are not touching in on the state taxes here because it's going to change from state to state. We can apply the same principles most of the time to the states, but remember that the state unemployment tax is closely tied, linked to, related to the federal unemployment tax because of the way the legislation basically happened. So that means that every state really kind of has a minimum standard in order to meet the regulations that were basically put in place as the federal unemployment tax was put in place. In other words, in order to get a lower tax rate for the federal tax, the state has to meet some minimum requirements and therefore all the states will do that so that they can keep the money in the state rather than just go to the fed. So therefore we're going to include the state tax and we're going to say, yeah, it's going to be an employer tax because that's part of what's kind of standardized, but it could also be partially on the employee as well and that's going to depend on the state. The state has more leeway to have an employee portion there. So it will be paid by the employer not included in GrillsPay and it possibly could have a portion to it depending on the location that will be a reduction from GrillsPay to arrive at net pay for our paychecks. Workers compensation. Is it employer tax? It is an employer tax. Is it an employee tax? No, not an employee tax. So workers compensation, something that's going to be paid out of the employer taxes and obviously it's for compensation for employees. We don't have any employees. We don't have workers compensation, but it's not going to be a calculation to arrive at net income. It's not coming out of the employees gross income to arrive at net income. Then we have the 401k math. If we have a matching plan, is it an employer tax? Yes. Now note that this is, we're specifically have to say that it has a matching plan like many 401ks do. If we're talking about other tax of retirement plans, then it's still a benefit no matter what because it usually has a higher amount you can put into it. But there may be differences as to whether the employer put or who puts the money in and how much is by each of these. But if there's a matching plan, then it's kind of similar to what we said in the beginning. They're not the same thing. The Social Security is not a 401k because the Fed isn't really holding on to the money in a similar, doesn't have to account for it in that way in a similar way. But the withholding is similar in that the employee is going to put some in that's going to come out of the employee check and the employer then is going to match it in some way that coming out. Not from the employee check, but from the employee check. But from the employer general checking and then voluntary deductions of the employers. No. Are they coming out of the employee? Yes. So anything that's voluntary, typically the employee has an option as to whether they want to have the deduction or not. And the employer is giving the benefit, the service, not of paying for it, but a facilitating the transaction of taking it out of the employee's check for them and making the payment for them so that the employee doesn't really have to worry about it. If the employee wants some voluntary deduction to go to a savings account or something like that, then the employer is just taking it out of the check and putting it directly to where the employee wants automatically and it's more of a service. It's going to be calculated in the calculation for net pay, however, because it's going to be paid by the employer, but for and out of the funds that was earned from the employee. Off the payroll. You.


Hi, everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com. Coming at you with a random team break, a full case random team break of 2022 Topps Luminaries Baseball, random team break number five, and a couple extra spots being given away. Let's see what this is about. Buy a full spot for a chance to win a couple extra spots. So there are the two unaccounted spots right there. And big thanks to Ed, Jason, and Carl for getting spots straight up. So that's a separate randomizer from the team. But let's do this one first. Top two after eight extra spots. Good luck. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eighth in final time. After eight, Carl had the odds on his side. Gets a couple extra spots. We'll buy one, get one scenario here for you. All right, so now we have a full 30 spots on this list. Now let's randomize you a team. Again, and Carl picking up a lot of spots in those filler packs as well. So he's got a good chunk of this case. Good luck to you and good luck to everybody. Hopefully everyone hits. Six out of two, eight times for names and teams. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eighth in final time. And after eight, we've got Carl down to Carl. Six out of two, eight times for the teams. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eight. After eight times, we've got the Detroit Tigers down to the St. Louis Cardinal. No World Series action, I reign. Spoiling things. They schedule it for tomorrow. We got Monday night football. All right, well, it's probably just easiest to do it this way. Carl, you have 26 teams. Four are not yours. Ed has the Orioles. Martin has the Phillies. Alex has the Pirates. And Jason, you have the Diamondbacks. Carl with the rest. We're going to alphabetize by team here. And we're going to pause the video. We'll give it a trade window. But we'll give it a trade window when we come back. We'll see if there's any trades. Then we'll have the 12 box break, stick around, be right back. All right, welcome back, everybody. No deals were done here in this full case, random team break. On Monday, the 31st, hopefully it's Halloween. We can find some scary good hits in here, perhaps. We'll see. Who knows? This is why we give this a shot. This is sort of an awkward case here. So I think everyone can see it right here on this camera. Tank Tower's wondering, does Joe Burrow look a little like Jack White? We'll have to take another look next time they do a close-up of Joe Burrow. But anyone else see the resemblance? The case? All right, good luck, everybody. Luminaries, high-risk, high-reward, really awesome possibilities here. This is where, remember that 50-auto book that I pulled years ago? That was Luminaries. Good luck, ladies and gentlemen. Most of these are portrait mode. We got a hitter. We have a ranger. We have a Corey Seeger, 11 out of 15. Piece of his jersey on card autograph. Career home runs total being celebrated here. Next one. So most of these are almost, all of these are going to be for Carl. That one's for Carl. And from henceforth, that was known as Joe Book, but not John Book. From the movie The Witness, which I've not seen in ages. Next one. We got a seven out of 15. Shohei Otani, a spark of light autograph. I think these look really sharp. It's a nice one for Carl and the Angels. All right, next one. And pinstripes at Padres pinstripes? It is 10 out of 15, Fernando Datis Jr. And that will be for Carl and the Potters. Next. Next up is Hideki Matsui. Nice, four out of 15.  At that home run rate back in 2009. That's pretty good. Yankees, that'll be for Carl. All right, next up. Three out of 15. That is Salvador Perez. He's pretty good. Carl with the Royals. 169 hits that season? All right, next one. He might have been the first catcher. He was in the home run derby in 2021, right? He might have been the first catcher in a long time to be in the derby. All right, another one. One out of 15. It's Petalanzo. What is that highlighting? Oh, it's career long hitting streak in 2021. Carl with the Met. It's with one of the extra spots that he won. Box six of 12. Ooh. Oh, that red border made me think that it was going to be a train whistle hit. It's like out of, maybe that's Dynasty. 10 out of 10. Goldy, Paul Goldschmidt. Well, a nice color match, though, with the Cardinals, Carl and the Cardinals. Your MVP for 2022. Halfway through the break. We've got another case of luminaries loaded up in the store, ladies and gentlemen. We're planning on selling about a dozen spots straight up and a few fillers is what we're planning for, just like we did with this one. Only difference is that only random team five was part of that promo that you're seeing there. But we can still run another one back if you want to. All right. Purple. Ooh, two out of three. There's a train whistle hit out of fives and under. And it's the big hurt. Oh, he even hit you with a Hall of Fame inscription in there too. Nice. White socks. That's for Carl. It's the other spot that he won for buying a full spot. You get a train whistle, and trust me, she'll like it too. All aboard the Big Hit Express. Woo-hoo. All right. Next box. We have another two out of three. That's Slammin' Sammy Sosa. A bit of the Cubs pinstripe right in there. Nice. That'll be four. That's for Carl and the Cubs. And all aboard. Onwards. But wait, there's more. This is landscape mode here. It's going to be Greg Maddox, 14 out of 15. Four ERA titles, right? Must be. Four E, National League ERA titles. It's pretty good. Two more to go. That's Braves Edition. And that's going to go to Carl. Three out of three. Another train whistle, four. It's for the Yankees. That's going to be for Carl Dayrod. Three out of three. And all aboard the Big Hit Express. Woo-hoo. All right. 12th and final box. Is Carl going to make this a clean sweep? He's got 11. He's 11 for 11. Will he make it 12 for 12? Let's find out. Good luck, everybody. We got some blue. Got a blue parallel. Got some pinstripes. Got some New York right there. That's David Wright, five out of five. It's a clean sweep. Carl with the Mets. And another train whistle. All aboard. And there you have it, Carl. Thanks, everyone, for getting into it. I appreciate it. I'm Joe for JasperysCaseBriggs.com. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us. And I'll see you next time for the next luminaries break. Bye-bye.


I think he wants us to go to his church. If you want me to go to your church, beat me in the race of quarter of a mile and then if you win, I go to your church. If you lose, I take your car and you disappear of my streets. Man, you don't know me, I'm from the bad and the various. Deal. Carlitos man, need to borrow your car. Jupiter, you crazy. On my race to Russians, yeah, if I beat them, they get to go to my church. Do you even know how to start a car? Bato, you don't know me. You don't know my life. You don't know what I've been through. My dad was a racer. My grandpa was a racer. I must call these Russians back to the Soviet Union.  Carlitos, you're local, hold me.  Jupiter, you are so crazy. But for some reason, I trust you. I stay wild, I stay wild, I stay wild. Say I won't ride Fubu Sucka, I don't know where you do Sucka. West side like come to Paco. All right, Russians, this is how it's going to go down. If you win, you take my car. If we win, you and you go to our church. Ha ha! Amigos, you don't mess with Mother Russia. OK, ladies, this is how it's supposed to go down. First one to the Red World checks wins. You know the stakes. You know the rules. There's no rules. Let's do this. But be ready till you know it, but never be unfollowed. Jupiter, you know how to drive this car?   Ready? Tacos here, tacos there, tacos everywhere. Hey, you guys want any tacos? House music all night long. Go, baby! My grandma drives faster than you. I don't know what happened. I put it to letter R for race mode, and it went backwards. OK, give me the keys, Bato. Don't look at the camera. Don't look at the camera. Both of you, do it again. Do it again. Let's go. Before the foil. From who? In the quarter mile. And then I take your car. No. I take your car, and then I go to church. Man, you don't know me, I say? From the fat and the furious. I can school these Russians back to Soviet Union. I must school these Soviets back to Ukraine. Back to Africa. I must school these Russians back to Soviet Union. I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union. I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union, Soviet Union. Yeah, he did. I must school these Russians back to the Union. I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union. No, no, no, no. No! Ah! I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union. I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union. All right, let's go. Let's go. All right, let's go. I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union. I must school these Russians back to the Soviet Union. I must school these Russians back to the Union.  Let's go. Let's go man.


Good afternoon. So, in the morning we tried to talk a little bit about some essential vector calculus that is required for doing a course on electromagnetism. But there were some questions raised in the last session and these were basically on what is the interpretation of 0 divergence. See the basically the idea of a divergence let me repeat it again. The as I told you that I am dealing with point functions a vector field which is defined at every point. Now if you if you now considered a certain volume now let us suppose that see I take the example of fluid because it is much easier to understand that supposing you have a closed volume certain amount of fluid is going in certain amount of fluid is coming out. Now you see the normally you would think that whatever is going in that amount will only be coming out that is what happens in a normal water reservoirs. So technically if the amount of flux that is going in that is inward flux is equal to the outward flux then of course this is the situation of 0 divergence that the amount going in is amount coming out. Now when you look at a picture what you will find is that the people decide that the length of an arrow is a representative of how much is the strength of the in our case the electric field. So if there is a bigger one bigger arrows it means that these are stronger and smaller ones means smaller. So it is possible let us say less amount is going in more is coming out. Now how is that possible? Now this is possible if there is a source here the it is something like this bad example but supposing you have a closed volume in and I am talking about water going in and water coming out. Then let us suppose inside that closed volume I also have a tap now in which case the amount of water going in could be less than the amount of water coming out because there is a source of the water inside that volume. Alternatively if there is a sink if there is a sink then what would happen is that of the amount of volume that is coming in the sink could eat away certain part. So therefore whatever is going in not all of it comes out a less amount comes out and so this situation where less is coming in more is coming out is a situation of divergence being positive. If the reverse is true and if I have a sink then the divergence is negative. The situation where the amount going in is equal to amount comes out is the one which corresponds to divergence equal to 0. Now you notice that our equation of continuity essentially takes care of that. So basically what we said is that divergence is equal to the rate of change of the density because after cancelling out the common volume factors and all that. So coming back to the what we are doing just before we ended so we have defined divergence. So I said that since divergence is a point function you have to consider small or infinitesimally small volume. Now you have the volume each volume is bounded by its own surfaces here I have given examples of cubes which of course have 6 surfaces but it could be any type of surface. The vector field is a point function. So because of that I am choosing these infinitesimal volumes. Now if I choose an infinitesimal volume and take its surfaces then do a surface integral then divide it by that infinitesimal volume. Now in the limit of that volume becoming 0 this quantity that is the surface integral divided by the volume of the element that is what I define as the divergence of F. Now notice it is a point function because they remember that divergence is very similar to a differentiation. So therefore this delta v you have to take it infinitesimally small so that the whole thing comes to a point. So that is what I defined as the divergence. So as I told you that also in relation to the previous question that basically divergence tells me how much does a vector spread out. Now this I had shown earlier I am doing it for completeness. So for example in this case you notice that the fields are all diverging out. On the other hand here if you look at the directions you notice that they are all converging in. So this is a situation of positive divergence this is a situation of negative divergence. A little while back I also explained to you what is meant by the 0 divergence and this theorem which I proved I will not repeat it. But basically what we pointed out is that this gives me the equation to continue. Now this was the example that I had to tell you this is related to the questions. So for example this is a field which is x square y times i plus x y square times j you calculate the divergence 4xy. Now both x and y are positive which happens in this quadrant or on this quadrant. You notice that the divergence is positive. This is both x and y are negative and here both x and y are positive. So here the divergence is positive and you can see it here that this is essentially fields spreading out. Now here is the example of a negative divergence. I am repeating that some people had asked me a question is there any meaning to this different colors that are there. No this is just a color scheme which is chosen by Mathematica there is no particular reason. The only thing that is there is that the length of the arrow is proportional to the strength of the field. So that is there and the direction showed by the arrow in some sense tells you what is the direction in which the field points. So these are pictures of the field and I am sort of telling you that the divergence in this example is positive in this example is negative. Whereas if you look at a situation like this xi minus yj its divergence can be easily shown to be equal to 0 and you notice there that if you take a volume here you notice that certain amount of arrows are going into that volume and certain amount of arrows are coming out of the volume. But the amount of things which are going in is equal to the amounts which are coming out as a result the it is a zero divergence situation. In this case you notice the arrows which are coming out are much bigger the arrows which are going in are much smaller. So as a result the net flux here is outward flux here is positive and I have a positive divergence. And here you notice that the arrows which are going in are much bigger than the arrows which are coming out. So this is an example of a negative divergence. I would advise you because this Mathematica or Maple these are you are all in engineering institutions this should be easy to be there just you know let your students plot this they will get a much better idea about what is happening there. There are two theorems connected with vectors which essentially becomes your you know I would not like to use the word but more or less biblical support. The one is known as the divergence theorem. Now divergence theorem basically comes out from the definition of divergence you notice that I define divergence as the limit of the surface integral divided by delta v that is the volume in the limit of the volume becoming 0. Now look at what it actually means that if this is your definition of the divergence then if you have an arbitrary surface it does not have to be infinitesimal anymore. So I have the an arbitrary surface I will try to work it out on the pad. So what we said is that the divergence of a vector field f is given by limit of delta v going to 0 on the numerator you have got f dot and ds which is the surface integral over that small volume the bounding surface divided by delta this is your definition of divergence a point at a function. Now suppose I am to calculate the surface integral of the field I am to calculate surface integral of the field over a any finite surface. Now what I do is this I split this into a large number of surfaces. So therefore I say that this is equivalent to that sum over all such surfaces delta s if you like and I have f dot n delta s. Now so this is nothing this is simply using the concept that integral is nothing but a summation. So what I have done is to split that total integral into a sum over smaller ones and now what I do is this I multiply and divided by the delta v here.  So notice that what I am trying to do is this I have essentially said that now this summation is over all such small integrals. So as a result in the limit of the small bits the infinitesimally small volumes this is nothing but an integration this summation becomes an integration and here you have the definition of a divergence. So therefore in that limit what I have got is that this quantity is your integrant which is your divergence. So divergence of the field f and let us say the this summation is written as integral d tau, tau I am using for the volume because I have been using here. So this tells me now notice I need something one more explanation that I will put a contour sign on that saying that this surface integral is actually over the bounding surface over the bounding surface of the volume over which the right hand side is taken. So in other words this is a connection between the surface integral of a vector field normal surface integral the normal component of the field ok surface integral of a vector field and it connects to the volume integral of a divergence. So let me repeat it again. So this is what I have I have your this is the surface integral f dot ds. Now this is actually ds essentially let me rewrite this. This is f dot n which is the outward normal ds this is what is meaning by ds vector and this is nothing but equal to the volume integral of the divergence of. So this is this is what it does the it connects. So this is the famous divergence theorem and this is very important there are two theorems which we needed for the electromagnetic theory course and this is very important that we do that properly alright. Now let me let me give you a an example I am asking I have give you a simple enough example suppose I have a constant field let me take that constant field to be v ok and so this is equal to some magnitude v and let me take it in the z direction. So vk now I want the surface integral of this field surface integral of this field over a hemisphere. Now notice this is a uniform field there is a uniform field in the z direction and let me make an attempt to draw a. So this is a hemispherical bowl of radius r and basically what I have is electric field or whatever field you have which are uniform uniform meaning is a constant field both in magnitude and in direction and I take the field to be in the z direction. Now what I am asking in this is how to calculate how to calculate the flux of the electric field or flux of this field v through the curved surface. So calculate flux through curved surface. Now this is an interesting problem and I will later on show you that this problem can be done in few seconds but let me do the more difficult way of doing it. Now notice that since I am looking only at the curved surface the normal to that surface has to be along the this direction that is a radial direction this is your normal direction. So let me represent this the angle between the field and the field direction is along the z direction and so this angle is my theta well that is the I could have drawn it here also. So this is my polar angle theta. Now in doing problems connected with geometry which is obviously spherical it is more comfortable to use a spherical polar coordinates. Now that is what I am going to actually do and basically what I do is the following that let me once again repeat the curve. So you have the field I am not drawing all the lines that I did earlier this is my vector field phi and this is the direction of the normal angle and this angle is theta. So I need to what is the area element. Now the area element on a surface ds. So if the radius of the hemisphere is r so it is r square remember r is constant because it is a hemisphere that is on the surface r square sin theta d theta and d phi. So this is this is my surface area on a in the spherical coordinate.  Now notice that direction of n is nothing but the radial direction direction of n is the radial direction. So and if I substitute for f which is equal to v times the unit vectors in the z direction which is k. So I get the magnitude of v since the direction of n is the radial direction and the direction of the normal is the k direction. So f dot n simply gives me a cos theta factor. So therefore I have magnitude of v r square which is constant so it does not come into the integration integral 0 to 2 pi I do d phi that is the azimuthal angle because the integrand does not depend upon phi. So therefore I simply write it out and 0 to pi that is my polar angle there is a sin theta which came from here there is a cos theta which comes from the f dot n and now I have a d theta there. Now this is of course fairly trivial to do it because you have your sorry I made one small mistake I do not have a full sphere but I have a hemisphere. So this limit of this integral is not from 0 to pi but it is from 0 to 2 pi because see the notice is this that the theta goes from 0 to pi but because I am also doing an azimuth which is all over 2 pi. So for a hemisphere the theta goes from 0 to pi by 2 and since the integral differentiation of sin theta is cos theta. So this is a very trivial integration to do and if you do that you get v r square 2 pi came from there this you can immediately see will give me a factor of half because I can substitute sin theta equal to x or y or whatever and so I have got y dy and this from 0 to 1 so I get 1 by 2 there. So this is equal to v r square pi. Now this is a bit of a not very difficult but bit of a calculation. Now notice I will later on you all know already that this is much easier if you did not do it this way but you calculated how much is the flux going into this surface because after all the fields are constants so therefore there are fields going into the bottom cap also. Now since it is going in the amount of flux that is going in and the direction of the normal on the on the bottom cap is just opposite to the direction of the field. So therefore I simply need pi r square which is the area of the cap okay and of course v and because their directions are opposite I have a minus sign but you notice this that since it is a closed surface whatever number of lines are going in they must be coming out. So as a result the net flux will be equal to 0 and if the net flux is equal to 0 whatever is the flux through the base surface going in that amount of flux must be coming out through the curved surface and you notice going in there is a minus sign. So pi r square v okay there are questions I will take it up and coming out is v a pi r square v so therefore I can conclude from here since the net must be 0 it is equal to v pi r square. I have two queries one is from Coimbatore Institute of Engineering. I am Professor Smiles from the Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology. One observation is you do not take the surface integral over any field vector it is a surface integral is normally taken over a flux density vector for example you do not take the surface integral over an electric field but you take the surface integral over a displacement density vector that gives a physical quantity otherwise you do not get it. Let me clarify that question see the thing is you realize I told you that I am giving you a short course on vector calculus okay so my fields here could be in principle anything okay I do not have to have a physical realization for my field I am saying that if you give me a point function which is also directed function I can define the a surface integral over that as long as it is a point function which is at the magnitude and a direction the point is this that what you are talking about is that I need a flux density type of thing I am not remember I have still not gone to electricity magnetism here I am still doing a basic vector calculus and in principle I can define a surface integral of any vector function as long as I have a surface defined and the I you give me a mathematical vector field what is the reason why you are saying I cannot define it mathematically it is okay but physically it is not correct well we will come to electric field later yeah the flux of the electric field will be defined after all right see the point is both D dot s will be defined as well as B dot s will be defined so it is not true that I can only define for certain types of field but yes there might be restriction in terms of physics we will come back to it at the moment I need mathematical fields okay thank you next silly guru I have two questions yes give some practical examples situation where as well as negative yeah and the second question yeah if you consider fluid motion yeah you wanted to know that give me a practical example of a situation where divergence is 0 of course you should all know it that the divergence of the magnetic field is 0 you see the thing is remember what I told you that the if I don't have a source or a sink in any closed region the the the divergence has to be equal to 0 and so far as we know there are no magnetic monopoles and as a result if you look at a magnetic field vector so divergence of the magnetic field vector is 0 that is in fact your first of the Maxwell's equation so here is an example is very much physical example of situation where the divergence is 0 what is your second question for incompressible fluid motion having velocity V divergence of the positive negative power 0 for incompressible fluid motion the incompressible fluid motion is fine but you see the I am trying to put in something else there I am saying that suppose there is a source in the volume see the thing is that if it is an incompressible fluid and there is no source or a sink in the region then of course whatever is going in what is that is must be coming out but supposing there is actually a source. I will at this moment I am not in a position to immediately cook up you see mathematical examples I can give you many but the divergence of magnetic field being equal to 0 immediately comes to my mind because it is a electromagnetism course but if you want to know any other physical example tomorrow the first thing in the morning I will take it up okay but immediately it does not come to my mind but I am sure there are many more physical examples. Thank you. Sure. Is there any relation between the divergence and electromagnetic wave which passes through the optical fiber? This question was from again Gangneh Institute of Technology yeah see the point actually is this that inside a fiber the I mean I will be talking about the fiber optics communication basically it is a guided mode and the divergence that I am talking about now is a mathematical quantity and it has some relationship with the physical way in which we understand divergence like for example you may say that our paths are diverging and things like that but at this moment I do not think there is an immediate connection between a fiber optic communication and a divergence because in fiber optic mode is a guided mode and so therefore there is no question of a divergence there but when I take up the optics and we do the fiber communication we will look at the question again. So aside this year I would like to put another question here aside this also I can add one thing yeah the electromagnetic wave completely controlled by the phenomenon called as the polarization is there any relation I mean correlation exist in between polarization and that the divergence. The polarization essentially tells you the way an electric vector is oriented as it is propagating or somewhere. So therefore I do not see the what is the connection of divergence with polarization now the answer is no. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Dronacharya college we are talking about this divergence say in somebody was asking about an example there exist a source another way we want the fluid is expanding or the fluid is contracting for example we take the for example the temperature we we study the flow a liquid underground water for example yes and there is a temperature source inside the underground. Yeah. Definitely there will be expansion of water and due to expansion the outflow will be greater than the inflow yeah that is why we can talk about the divergence that is the positive divergence because outflow will increase and inflow incompressible inflow if the temperature down. But you are absolutely right but this is not an example of a incompressible fluid then. In case of the incompressible fluid yeah 3j only example is that there should be source of the sink. Absolutely. You are you are right you are correct yes. The second case one was talking about the flux density yeah now we are defining the divergence theorem. Yeah. We are defining the divergence theorem. Yeah. And in the divergence theorem we are going to connect the surface integral to volume integral. Yes correct. We are going to connect the surface integral to volume integral. Right. So what is the surface integral of a vector. Yeah. And the electric field or magnetic field yeah we are connecting the surface integral to volume integral. Absolutely. As far as the flux density is concerned that is the definition of divergence in definition of divergence we take the flux density. Yeah. Or you need to volume. But we are here defining the gas divergence theorem and that leads the surface integral to volume integral. Absolutely. This is my submission. Thank you. So coming back to what we are talking about we discussed about the divergence theorem as I said this is a very important theorem which connects the divergence of a vector field the volume integral of a divergence of a vector field to the surface integral of the same field over the bounding surface. So that is that and the next because I need to complete the discussion you recall I defined the divergence of a field. Now one point I want to make sure that the divergence of a vector field is a scalar because you remember that what I had was integral f dot ds on the top divided by the volume. Now I define a curl the name curl came from the word circulation of a vector field all these nomenclatures comes from fluid mechanics. Now I define what is known as a curl of a vector by a very similar definition and there in case of a divergence theorem if you recall it was a relationship between a volume integral of a divergence with the surface integral of the field itself. Now I am going to do define a quantity which is known as the curl and there so let me define this curl as the ratio of a line integral to a surface. Remember divergence was ratio of a surface integral to a volume and here I come down one grade I say the ratio of the line integral of a vector field divided by deltas what do I mean by this. So basically what I am trying to say is this that supposing I have a surface this is just a some surface I am showing you. Now this surface that you have let me sort of do it here supposing there is something like a matka now what I am going to do is this that this is the rim of that matka now this surface I split into very large number of small surfaces I can do that now what I am trying to say is this that consider a small element of that surface. Now if one thing I want to tell you is this if you compare the proof of the divergence theorem with the proof that I am giving you now for the what is known as the Stokes theorem you will find there is a one to one similarity between our approach and the similarity comes because of this that there I had a volume which I split into large number of small volumes. Now I have a surface which I am splitting into large number of small surfaces now for example take a small surface like this now and which I am amplifying here.  Now this is my definition of the curl of the field so this is the curl so curl is when limit delta s going to 0 of the line integral of f over the bounding curve divided by delta s almost similar to the way we defined the divergence as the limit of delta v going to 0 of the surface integral divided by the volume. Now this picture on the right is a good way of understanding this see what I have done here is to have a bigger contour and I said that all right let us now split supposing this surface I have split into many such small elements and notice one thing that if I look at two adjoining surfaces the and I decide that my line integrals will be taken in a particular fashion let us say counter clockwise when I have looked at the top now in that case that so far at this area is concerned the line integral on this interface between this and that is travelled in this fashion on the other hand when this area is concerned when I take the line integral in the interface it is travelling in the reverse fashion. So, once I have it going like this another time I am having going like that so therefore the contribution to the line integral from the boundary will cancel away from two adjacent things and this would be true of all adjacent things excepting when I come to the edge now when I come to the edge there is nothing to cancel this parts so therefore what I have is that the total line integral is nothing but the sum of the line integrals due to each one of them separately now that is because a very large number of zeros have been added there. Now then it follows that if I split if I split my total line integral into large number of such small integrals then you can see immediately that integral line integral of f dot dl over this big curve then becomes the surface integral of the curve because of the definition of the surface integral itself because you take delta s to that side and do the summation like the way we did it. So, in this case what I have is that line integral of f dot dl the line integral of the field is equal to integral of the surface integral of the curve. So, basically what I tried to say is this that the I have two theorems which are important to look at and that is the one theorem is the divergence theorem the other one is the Stokes theorem and basically they connect one of them connects line integral to a surface integral the other one connects surface integral to a volume integral and I am not going to derive these things because this you are all familiar with that one can in the Cartesian coordinates calculate the curl of the field and this is given by this determinant and so, just to give you an idea of what it looked like on the right hand side I have got you can see why the name curl came in you look at the direction of the fields the essentially if the divergence told you the way a field was spreading out or spreading in at a particular point the curl of a vector tells you how is in a nearby point how is the direction of that vector changing is it curling around that is where the name came from really and in fact, I told you that most of these came from the discussion of water the fluid motion and supposing you have a paddle wheel inside a fluid and you can see exactly this is the way the what will make this paddle while turn and so, that is essentially the way the curl came into the picture. So, this essentially summarizes the thing so, we said now curl of a vector field is a vector unlike the divergence of a vector field which is a scalar quantity. Now, suppose this is a very important point suppose I express a vector field as a curl of another vector field that is I have a vector field f and supposing I can find a vector field a so, that the f is expressible as the curl of a in which case I will have the field to be divergence less and that is very simple because one can trivially prove that the divergence of a vector field which is expressible as a curl is identically equal to 0 this you can trivially prove by writing down the expression. Now, if a field is divergence less it is also called a solenoidal field it is also called a solenoidal field. Now, the question is this that there are fields whose curl is 0 now one can show that curl of a gradient is 0. So, notice divergence of a curl is 0, but curl of a gradient is 0. So, if you have a vector field whose curl is 0 that it is not curling as I showed it to you such a field is called irrotational you can see the name where did the irrotational come from. I will close the discussion of the vector field with a statement of a theorem which I will not prove which says that if you have a vector field you can express it always as a sum of two different vector fields one part whose curl is 0 another part whose which is divergence less one is solenoidal the another is irrotational. So, and this is the reason why a vector field can always be expressed like this. With this I more or less conclude our discussion on the vector calculus as I had said there are few questions coming up which I will take it up before going over to the electrostatics. KLE Institute of Technology, Hubli. Sir, I have no doubt regarding divergence of a vector field. So, you have explained if it is a inflow is equal to outflow then the divergence is 0. Yes. And if the inflow is greater than outflow the divergence is negative right. If the conditions are true for only for finite volume. No, no, no let me explain remember I told you that divergence is a point function what is meant by a point function because divergence is defined from point to point. So, at every point now what do I mean by at every point and a volume what it means is think of an infinitesimal volume located at a particular point. And then look at what is happening there because because the value of the divergence can vary from point to point. See it is for illustration purpose that one gives you that this is what it means there that supposing I talk about incompressible fluid. Now if I do not have any source or a sink then the amount of fluid that is going into a volume no matter how small that has to be equal to the amount of volume coming out because otherwise there will be an accumulation or you will have to create water or create this thing. So therefore, it is not a finite or a it is an infinitesimal volume with respect to which my definition of divergence is there. Okay sir. Thank you sir. Thank you. Next. SGS Institute of Practical Lodging. Okay sir. My question is from divergence if we put a positive point to charge inside a Gaussian surface or a closed surface. Yes. Then we will say that the divergence is positive. Yes. But what if the positive point to charge is outside of the Gaussian surface or closed surface what we say positive or a zero. You said that if you have a Gaussian surface and you put a charge inside then the flux that is coming out is of course it is positive or negative will depend upon the sign of the charge inside. But the point is that I have defined it mathematically.  See if you put a negative charge inside and calculate the flux because of the sign that is coming in with the source itself you will find a minus sign that is alright. But sir the last part of question is that if we put that point to charge outside of the Gaussian surface. Yes. Then the divergence over this surface will be positive or a zero. Zero. Because the intensity of these electric flux. Thank you for the question. I will explain that point. See this is the way we will actually show why in Gauss's law in the electrostatic Gauss's law it says that the flux is equal to charge enclosed divided by epsilon zero. If there is no charge enclosed the flux is actually rigorously equal to zero. Why it happens we will actually rigorously prove it. So wait for it. Thank you very much.


Okay. Good morning, good afternoon everybody. I'm here to talk about how we can advance the future of CI CD together and under the umbrella of the CD Foundation. So just first up, I'm director of open source at CloudBees. I'm also on the governing board of the Continuous Delivery Foundation. I'm the co-instigator of the Great Brexit Pub Crawl. Was anyone here at that on Friday? You can find me on Twitter as Tracey Miranda. So I'm here to talk about continuous delivery, which we saw in a poll earlier. That's what many people see as the CD of CI CD. It's essentially an engineering practice where teams commit regular amounts of code but they always want to keep it in a state where it's ready to ship. So continuous delivery is something that as a concept has been around for 10 years or so, and we have a lot of research in this day and age about the best way to deliver software. So who's read the Accelerate book or come across that? Yeah, a few hands. But I highly recommend that book as the modern text for how you and your team should be delivering software in this day and age. That's accompanied by the state of DevOps reports, which come out every year, and they give information about ways you can measure your software throughput, but also really good suggestions about how you would improve that in your team. Yeah, one clue. It's more about the team environment than the individuals and their special powers. So I love that quote from Nicole Forsgren, one of the authors of the book who just talks about how the teams that are good at it just keep getting better and better. We have teams that can really struggle if they don't get the right things together. So continuous delivery has been around for a while. We have a book which maps it all out. But at the same time, we find that adoption is really, really low for this practice and we go, well, why is that? There's three big challenges that I think people are facing at the moment. The first is this huge shift in the industry which is the rise of microservices. So who's doing things with microservices today? Yeah, I'd say about half the room. So that presents some interesting challenges. You no longer have your monolith application. What does it mean when are you releasing different bits of the services that make up? What even is your application? How do you define it? Then you've got Cloud Native Technologies, things like Kubernetes, who's using Kubernetes at the moment? Yeah, a few more. That introduces a whole distributed paradigm which has different challenges to contend with. On top of that, you look at the tool landscape today, and it's pretty fragmented. You have all sorts of different CI and CD tools. They don't necessarily work together, and it's often left to you as the DevOps folks to work out how to integrate, I don't know, security scan with your bills, with your delivery mechanism. Then finally, of course, change is hard. So all human, we all have teams, we all like how we do certain things, and just having to evolve that as a group can be pretty challenging. So that was some of the motivation for why the Continuous Delivery Foundation was formed. It's less than a year old, so this is the first FOSDEM, it's really been alive at, and as an open-source foundation, it started as well around four founding projects, and I'll talk more about those in a minute. But it was pretty significant just because we were trying to bring together the whole space. So we call it Continuous Delivery Foundation, but it does cover CI, Continuous Deployment, Continuous Delivery, and DevOps, and we're looking at different ways we can tackle problems in this space. So essentially, we see ourselves as a neutral home for the next generation of Continuous Delivery Collaboration, and that's the key bit of it, like how are we going to come together to solve industry-wide problems. So one of the ways we've been thinking about what can we do as this foundation after we launched was to get a lot of the board members together, and you might recognize some of the project leads, Kosuke Kawabukuchi is in there, of Jenkins and Andy Glover of Spinnaker, and then we've also had Jess Humble, who wrote the book on Continuous Delivery, and he sat down with us to share his experience as well as think about, how can we go about solving these problems? The thing I love about this picture is that everybody's wearing shades because the future of CICD is so bright. So the outcome of that meeting was actually to come up with nine goals for the foundation, and so there's a lot there, but what I'm going to do is pick out about three or four of those and tell you where we've gotten to in our journey and how you can get involved if it's something interesting to you. For the full details of all the different goals and how we are trying to achieve them, you can check out the website at cd.foundation. So the first one is driving continuous delivery adoption, helping people in their journeys. When you come to the landscape, the first thing like the CNCF, which is the Cloud Native Compute Foundation, they have this massive landscape, it shows all the different tools and how they get qualified. We also decided a very first step is to start to try to categorize CICD tools, which turns out is really, really hard because things fit in multiple categories. But we do have a first version of the landscape, which is open source and people can make contributions. We're hoping to get all the different tools in there and to mark them in the different categories. So the main thing of what they do. So I'd invite folks to check that out. Definitely has mistakes. So you're welcome to submit pull requests, but it's a version 0.1, and we're hoping to build this up to give, just get people new into the space, start to have an idea of what the different categories are, what they mean, and what are the options in the space. We also, just in terms of spreading the word about continuous delivery, we have a set of meet-ups. So these were actually Jenkins area meet-ups. So Jenkins is one of the founding projects, and these meet-ups were contributed to the CD Foundation, and the CD Foundation is now driving those forward. Meet-up owners are invited to widen the scope. So if you want to talk about more than Jenkins, you can do that. We've got quite a few all around the world, and maybe some of you have already been there, maybe some of you run them. But either way, I encourage you to either join a local meet-up or look to start one yourself, so you can sort of work together with other people to sort of see how people are approaching things. Okay, then one of the other missions is to just focus on the projects that are part of the Foundation. So there's a lot of CI CD projects out in the world. We launched with four specific projects. So Jenkins, Spinnaker, Tecton, and Jenkins X. So these are founding projects. And the interesting thing I find about the different projects we have in this space is that they really represent different parts of adoption in the industry. So you take something like Jenkins, like, okay, who's heard of Jenkins? Yeah, I think some of you are just being lazy. So most people, I say Jenkins is pretty much late majority. If you're doing some form of CI CD, you've come across it, you've used it, and it's only ligates who perhaps aren't employing CI CD, who aren't using it. Spinnaker, probably early majority, lots of people using Spinnaker. Well, how many people in this room are using Spinnaker? Have heard of Spinnaker? Okay, maybe? Yeah, just a few people. And then over here on the right, Jenkins X and Tecton, for those of you who were in the talk earlier, we talked about Tecton, and there'll be some talks later about Jenkins X. Those are coming in much more on the kind of innovators and early adopters, folks who are just getting to grips with microservices and Kubernetes, and looking for tools that can deal with the different kind of tech paradigm. So, you know, tools in different languages, tools with different challenges. So as a foundation, we're sort of saying, okay, what does each tool need, and how can we help them grow and be useful to the end users who want to use them? And, you know, some of the things we do is just measuring, you know, how many contributions we have. That was a little infographic I did, just trying to compare how many people are contributing to the different projects, compared to, let's say, something like Kubernetes, which is really taken off. And just saying, like, you know, Jenkins for a basically a 15-year-old project is doing pretty well and quite healthy, and all the other projects are sort of growing steadily. So that's something we'll look at sort of year on year. But a key thing is we do want to just foster some tool interoperability. So how do we make sure all these tools stay working together? So we want to think about, you know, standardizing building blocks into shared APIs, building this whole ecosystem where things can be plug and play. So it's not like you have to go and figure out how they all work together for yourself. And then just generally, we see that will improve the state of delivery for the entire industry if people are not less struggling to themselves and working out what's gone wrong when they plug tools together. So we have some ideas for common APIs and establishing, let's say, common metadata. You know, how do you define a release? It should be standardized, whether it's from Spinnaker or whether it's from Jenkins X. So we're looking at ways we can do that. So very recently, we spun up a working group called the SIG Interoperability Group. And where's Fatty? There we are. So Fatty is one of our chairs who's doing an incredible job just getting people together. And I want to highlight this full request which is in progress. And it's one of the first things which is actually saying, look, there's all sorts of different tools out there. And even just with the vocabulary, you know, what do they refer to as a pipeline? What does it mean for that tool? So can we, first of all, define them and then maybe start to translate so that if you're talking about a pipeline in one tool, is that equivalent? Is the step the same thing? So before we can integrate, we need to just sort of say what is it, what are the different tools talking about? So again, this is all in GitHub. I encourage you if you have a project to go and add it to the list and to just contribute to that sort of first step in getting towards the shared vocabulary. Okay, and final bit in this kind of whirlwind tour is the goal of expanding into emerging tech areas. So machine learning is something that's emerging quite in quite a few areas. And we have a specific area. So machine learning ops is the intersection of DevOps and machine learning. So we've also got a special interest group that started up around that. I believe you've got Cara Dillamark is one of the very active members in there. And so one of the things I'd like to highlight from that group is that group is working on a very initial roadmap. So what does it mean for DevOps and machine learning? So they talk about in the roadmap if I pick out two highlights, what is ML Ops? One, it's the extension of the DevOps methodology to include machine learning. So making sure models and data and code are all first class citizens. And then things like what is it not? It's not about putting Jupyter notebooks into production environments, but helping people find better ways to do things. So highly encourage you to go check that out. And again, if that's of interest, the group is open, join the meetings, talk to Cara. And yes, it's pretty exciting. Okay, I think that's all I have time for today. So haven't even touched on some of the other things we're doing around diversity and security, both very important areas. But I hope you get the general idea that it's just people coming together, trying to drive things in the right direction for the good of the full industry and not just one specific tool or one specific vendor. And yeah, please check out our website and come try and join us. And we also have a Twitter account where you can find out what's happening with the foundation. Thank you very much. Any question? One question. Yeah, go ahead. I've seen an overlap with what the Kubernetes SIGs are doing. Are you collaborating with SIG apps on the app definition? Yes, so we do want to work, not just with CNCF, but all the different bodies. Oh, okay, so the question was, we're seeing a lot of maybe overlap with what CDF is doing and other communities like CNCF and the SIG app delivery. So my response is yes, we're looking to work with a lot of different open source communities out there. CNCF is one and actually in our interoperability SIG, which has just recently started, we did have a member of the SIG app delivery join. So we hope that we continue talking and just find ways to work together without necessarily all working on the same things in different ways.


The Alka-Seltzer Show, transcribed in Hollywood, featuring radio's favorite singing stars Kurt Massey and Martha Tilton of the Music of Country Washington. It's Alka-Seltzer time, Alka-Seltzer time. Morning, you tonight is time. I'm Kurt. I'm Martha. And here we go with The Alka-Seltzer Show. Direct your feet to the sunny side of the sea.  Life can be so sweet on the sunny side of the street. I used to walk in the shade with those blues under this cover on the sunny, on the sunny side of the street. It reminds me, Martha, just about a month ago you sang a song of sunny Italy. You got a wonderful reception both here in the studio and in the fan mail that followed. You remember the one I mean? Mm-hmm. Come back to Sorrento. Mm-hmm. So here it is again for all you radio friends who ask for it. What's the sea so bright and lovely?  Yes, it's cold catching time again, but if you have Alka-Seltzer handy, you can get fast relief from coldest comforts. Speedy Alka-Seltzer relieves the ache all over feverish feeling, the headache, throat irritation, and general aches of a cold. Alka-Seltzer contains a time-tested pain reliever, sodium acetyl salicylate. Not only is it one of the most helpful pain relievers known, but scientific tests prove the system absorbs more of this pain reliever faster from Alka-Seltzer. So reach for that package of Alka-Seltzer now and take Alka-Seltzer as directed, then use it as a soothing, effective gargle for a raw, irritated throat. Yes, the very same Speedy Alka-Seltzer you take for a headache and muscular aches and pains can give you fast relief from coldest comforts. Remember when you take cold, take care of yourself, and take Speedy Alka-Seltzer for Speedy Relief from Coldest Comforts. If you're out of Alka-Seltzer, ask for it at any drug store. Well, friends, if you enjoy a bit of country-style fun, I think you might get a kick out of this next number. It's called the Tennessee Whig Walk. Martha, would you like to try it with me, huh? Sure, you wig and I'll walk. Well, all right. Here we go. Well, I'm a bold-legged chicken, I'm a knock-kneed hen. Never been so happy since I don't know where. I walk with a wiggle and a giggle and a squawk. Do in the Tennessee, wig walk, back his sore. I walk with a wiggle and a giggle and a squawk. Do in the Tennessee, wig walk, put your toes together, your knees apart. Bend your back, get ready to start. Flap your elbows just for luck. Like a baby duck. And he wants you to be my bride. We'll always be here side by side. I walk with a wiggle and a giggle and a squawk. Do in the Tennessee, wig walk, put your toes together, and your knees apart. Get a start. Flap your elbows just for luck. Watch this with me, honey, tack. With a wiggle and a giggle and a squawk. Do in the Tennessee, wig walk. And then percent Nashville, too. Having about five ticks of the stopwatch. Well, good. How about cheating us to that extra special Kurt Massey arrangement of sweet soup? We haven't heard that in a long time. Martha, let's see how you look in the, uh, Florida. Yeah, I guess it's the same every place. Moonlight is very becoming too blonde. Becomes you. It goes as for harm in the stars. You feel a slump in our usual pep and energy and you know a vitamin shortage is one of the common causes of that tired-out, listless feeling. That's why it's so important to get all you normally need to take of all the vitamins prove necessary. The vitamins supplied in one-a-day brand multiple vitamin tablets. You can correct vitamin shortage by taking them regularly. Not just every so often, but every day. One-a-day brand multiple vitamins are in easy-to-take tablet form and now contain the much talked about vitamin B12. Now ask your drug is for one-a-day brand multiple vitamin tablets in the blue box with a big red one. Moon tune that I wanted to get into our medley, but we didn't have time. I see the moon. Well, don't put it back on the shelf, Martha. Keep it out for tomorrow. We'll be back with more music friends and we'd be very happy to have you with us. Same time, same station. We'll sing the old song. We'll sing the new song. We'll sing the bright songs. Maybe we'll sing the blues on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, too, for you. Any nervous feeling? Do you sometimes have a sleepless night because of it? Or do you relax and sleep with Miles Nervine? Well, friends, let me tell you Miles Nervine can soothe that jittery tense feeling, can help you relax and let you sleep. Miles Nervine doesn't put you to sleep. I repeat, it lets you sleep. That's why you don't feel so all in the next day. Miles Nervine is easy to buy at any drugstore. Pleasant to take in effervescent tablets or liquid. See for yourself how Miles Nervine can let you relax and sleep. Follow the label of void excessive use. Get Miles Nervine at any drugstore. Listen tomorrow for the Alka-Seltzer Show starring Kite Massey and Martha Tilton with the music of Country Washburn and his orchestra. Today's program is transcribed in Hollywood and this is Fort Pearson's speaker.


I need to get on some stages. So I had to back out of social media and go back over to the stand-up so I don't get rushed. But when you look at a country, Wayne, and you look at these guys that's making or a bubble dub that's making $100,000 in one month or $400,000 in one month, it's kind of hard to say they ain't gonna be okay in the future. Don't boss talk one-on-one, one-on-one. Yeah, we gonna talk.  You might be the bridge. But at any rate, let me get this question now. You got some of you guys, when Faizan was on here, Faizan said that he said that basically the new way of doing comedy is really not sustainable in so many ways because it does not pay residual income. And he says basically he gets residuals. But then turn around, Mike Bless came on here and said, no, country Wayne is making $480,000 a month. So basically he getting paid from Facebook, Instagram and YouTube, right? He's making- He don't get paid from TikTok or any of those avenues yet? Cause it's not long enough, he do three minutes. All right, hey, what's going on here? I appreciate you coming back. I told this one boy Mike, man. Hey, Mike, big Mike, I give hugs. Yeah. So he's making $450,000 a month from the social media. I've seen it.  Yeah, we live it. I'm getting, listen, this is $55,000. So I live it. He live it. He live this. I'm getting some of that money too. So just so y'all know. This is an AP bus now. This is not an AP, I mean, I'm not trying to brag, I'm just saying. I know, I get it. I get it. Because this is social media money. Now, Mike, I got money like Wayne, but anyway. And there should be motivation for any of y'all who try to come up- Everybody was trying to get old. It's motivation. Right. Because I want, my thing is I'm not, I'm not saying I'm not trying to attack phase on. I'm not trying to brag.  And said that he's basically taking care of a whole bunch of people. And this question right here, I've got, you know, I got to see that there are some gaps in the comedian world because of the fact of some being on the stage and stand up and from the old way of doing things and some being on the stage and stand up and still in that social media world. So there's two different worlds that's trying to collide. And basically you guys are having to work together a lot of times. How do you, how do you look at the whole situation? Do you feel like the old way is better or the new way is better or what do you think? No, I ain't gonna say which is better because whatever works for you works for you. Like the old way taught you how to talk to people. Communicate, get out here and meet people. The new wave, I can get on the internet. I post some funny, you like me. You don't even know me. You know what I'm saying? And you get to follow me. But the old school way, I'm out hand in hand.  On the internet you mess up, you can stop redo it before you post it. But people think it's easy doing social media. It's hard doing either one. For one, to be a stand up comedian if you're on stage, if you mess up, you got to correct it right then. Because people were booing and it's hard to come back from a booing.  So you know what I'm saying?  So they got to mess with him. I said, nah, I'll leave him alone. It's a comedy show. He wanna be, he can watch the show or be the show.  If you don't have the right angles or the right lighting, it don't even, it's just like being on stage with a bad joke. So all that is hard work. So all the internet comics, I applaud you. You know what I'm saying? It's a lot of work. And you got to post not just once, three to four times a day. And think about it, you got Facebook, Instagram and TikTok. You got to post all that three, four times a day, but you got to post different videos. Cause if you posted on Facebook, you can't go back and post it on Instagram right then or social or the next one.  And whatever I posted on this one, I posted this one on this one and this one on that one. And then I go back and rotate the days. Well, what about Phazon say that it does not pay residual. So when you, when you get older and you can't do them no more or if you get something happened to where you don't have that outing, you don't have people, you don't have a source of income coming in like the old comedians who did movies where they had those residuals coming in. That's where I'm in at cause I do movies too. I'm nine movies in. Really? What movies have you been in? Well, eight movies. I did Slice one, two and three with Pierre. I did Apartments with Tia. I just shot the movie Finding Love. Have any of all of these movies been out? No, the new ones that they're about to get ready to drop. I just did Debussy movie on the water boys. And it's another movie I just did, Hold in the Wall. And I was on the Ricky Smiley on Ricky Smiley for real. Wow. People don't know that. So I'm out here. I'm not just stand up. I'm not just internet. I'm on TV too. So you're one that's able to understand that there has to be a balance in between your comedian life and the way that you strive to accomplish it, right? Exactly, cause like when you're doing stand up, you're only in stand up world. So everybody that does stand up don't do social media. So when I went from stand up to doing social media, all the people I hung around and did social media, everybody didn't do stand up. So when you fall into that social media world, you forget, hey, look, I'm a stand up comedian too. So I had to back up off that and go back to the original people that put me in the game and like, hey, look, I need to get on some stages. So I had to back out of social media and go back over to stand up so I don't get rushed. But when you look at a country, Wayne, and you look at these guys that's making, or a bubble dub that's making $100,000 in one month or $400,000 in one month, it's kind of hard to say they ain't gonna be okay in the future. Well, when you make that type of money, you gotta invest it the right way. That's true. I don't care, even if you sold dogs for a living, if you don't invest your money the right way then, hey, look, who's to say you're gonna make it in the future? Even the rapper, you know what I'm saying? Even people that get residual soft movies, if you don't invest your money the right way, all that money can blow real quick. And when you say invest, not only invest in your future, but invest back into you as in with a comedian, what I would think is investing in whether paying the right person to be on one of your skits just to get seen more, because I'm sure not everybody that you put in your skits do it just on the real, some people you might have to actually hire to be in the skit. Sometimes you don't have to get people that's big to be seen more, you just gotta have the right people for the right video. Okay. The right, because you can, you've seen a movie that got a whole lot of stars, a whole lot of hit people with it. I don't like those. And when you see it, the video, the movie not even as good, or basketball team got all the all star players on it. And they, they still not that good. I would name a team, but I don't want to put them out there, you know what I'm saying? But I think y'all know who I'm talking about, but I'm a Laker fan, no, no, regardless of what, who planned die hard Laker fan. But it's not, it's not who you do the video with is putting the right people on the right video to where it makes sense. Yeah, we on boss talk one on one. Yeah, we going to


Everybody forced here ripping 22 23 select basketball hobby three bucks number six random teams. Oh Plenty I'm sure I'm sure Admiral. I'm sure I'm sure I like that if rally rally the national rich gets all the attention The big the biggest question that we're gonna get is the first one is worth Yeah, that's the first question that you're gonna get a lot of second one is where it's rich Guys scope premiere level Wiggins for the Warriors Nemard rookie premier level I Don't want a PR guy epsilon. I don't want that J. Nighting Got in Fuego LeBron James scope premier level Anthony Davis Lakers Luca courtside Yeah That'll be Vaughan asking that question She had on sharp concourse. We got trite color concourse Tyrese maxi sixers Courtside Steph. Yeah No, this day I stayed the same Andrew Nemard. It's at three levels. 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It's Rosemont light blue deer and Fox hangs the 299 on the concourse You can very future concourse go dice and Daniels rookie for the Pelicans Zion That's like people that would go to Orlando Don't know to like avoid like downtown and like especially if you're going to like the like a bowl game or something Like you've got to be careful where you are over there. Try color concourse is Trey young Hawks So our concourse rookie Teal and Terry bulls. You're talking about the show the bear I don't know. I've never watched it. Look at Donchich on the Jersey card Mavericks game used Are you talking about Jack Jack's place? Premier level maroon dwelling beads sixers 175 Yeah, but Rosemont is like a miniature. I drive dude. Is it really?  Oh Yeah, I got no idea. So on Gonna get lost in New York. That happens chat home green rookie concourse for the Thunder although New York if you're an Manhattan It's it's pretty hard to get lost salt numbers Try color concourse Anthony Davis Lakers Got AJ Griffin on the court side rookie for Atlanta Jeremy so on White concourse rookie Thunder Uzman Jang number to 149 Booker Snapshots Dirk silver concourse John Moran Grizzly's Bari Smith to 99 Johnny Davis Wizards on the Jersey auto rookie Jersey auto wizards scope premier level for the bucks Is drew holiday Malachi random concourse you got silver premier level rookie shade on sharp blazers Tie tie. Yeah, it was a nice in New York has her directions and it has not so bad Most parts of it at least all like of the busy parts This one right here It's already open dude Play blue concourse try young hawks to 299 Try color concourse Raptors Pascal Siakam Malachi random rookie Jane Hardy rookie concourse Mavericks. 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You got try color premier level jimmy butler heat Hey, all right jay naivi is a uh court side rookie for the pistons Never been a local fair. Oh donny. I mean, that's that's the baby. That's just how that's just how donny is Donny, hasn't that anything? No Besides hit monsters He's seen star wars. He watches the eagles and he hits and he hits bombs tank drives. Yeah, he's very good God relics of a j griffin people. What up siakam luca tarry eason jersey auto of jaylon brunson johnny davis al-horford A boozer auto for the jazz and a mettle world peace auto for the lakers And then we had concourse zebra steve curry This one goes out to the warriors. Javier. Congrats. Javier Big card for you my friends. Thank you as always for joining everybody on to some more basketball