Hello everyone, my name is Oma Prabha, second year junior resident from department of radiology from KVG Medical College, Zulia. Today I'll be talking about multisystem atrophy, rare cell nucleolopathy. So the main objective was to determine the clinical usefulness of MRI imaging in multisystem atrophy through a case scenario. Here's a 66-year-old me who came with history of gait and speech alteration on physical and neurological examination, the findings were as such. The patient had slurred speech, gait atexia and bilateral appendicular cerebellar atexia. Dependent reflexes were present, three or four, and then there was bilateral Bebinski sign positive. Artificial pressure was 130 by 80 mmHg and radial pulse was 60 beats per minute on supine position, and BP was 100 by 70, and the pulse was 70 beats per minute in standing position. So the MRI findings were as such. On axial flare image, we can see the brainstem atrophy predominantly involving the pons in the medulla. Here is a T2-axial image showing diffuse atrophy of cerebellum and the cerebellar pedentals, and T2 hyperintensity involving the white matrax in the pons, giving it a characteristic hot cross bun appearance, suggestive opontocerebellar tract degeneration. We have axial flare T1 sagittal and T2 coronal images of the brain, with the T1 sagittal image showing corpusculosme atrophy, giving it a characteristic double hump camel sign. So I've summarized the MRI findings in this slide. It shows the brainstem atrophy predominantly involving the pons in the medulla, atrophy of cerebellum and the cerebellar pedentals, and T2 hyperintensity involving the white matrax in the pons, and atrophy of corpusculosme. So the impression, diffuse atrophy of cerebellum and the cerebellar pedentals, brainstem atrophy predominantly involving the pons in the medulla, with the hot cross bun sign, features suggestive opontocerebellar tract degeneration. So coming to the topic proper, multisystem atrophy is more rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder among the various types of synucleinopathy. The cause of MSA remains unknown, but it can involve the extra pyramidal system, the pyramidal system, the autonomic nervous system and cerebellum. The main clinical manifestations are clear Parkinson's symptoms, a cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal tract signs and autonomic nervous system disorders. Depending on the initial predominant motor deficits, the MSA is subclassified into Parkinson's type, that is MSAP and cerebellar type, that is MSAC. So the conclusion is that it is a rare case of MSAC. MSAC in a 66 year old male with predominant cerebellar signs. Our case is classified as probable MSA since the diagnosis of MSA is defined just with pathological analysis. There is no specific treatment for MSA. Only symptomatic interventions can be made. So these are my references.


Well, thank you. It's a pleasure to be here. I certainly want to thank Zach and Warren for organizing this, putting this together. As Zach said, we work together on the multi-state group and certainly have had some conversations, but this really our first opportunity we've had to get together and present some of this work that we're doing at the same site. So obviously as the outsider, I didn't have anything to do with the planning or preparations. I just got to come out here and enjoy the hospitality and enjoyed my time yesterday and look forward here today sharing with you a little bit about what we've been doing. So obviously this is about alternative systems. Zach mentioned several different things and really in Illinois, we've done work in a variety of the same areas. I am going to hone in specifically on the calf and creep feeding, but that's similar to here. We've done a lot of work with corn stock grazing, crop residue grazing, basically anything that we can do alternatively to grazing as our grazing days and our grazing acres are limited in many of our operations. So like I said, alternative system is pretty difficult to define. I could probably say a traditional system might be as well, but I think when you hear about traditional system, hopefully we're thinking about cows out on grass, which is a good thing, right? Cows utilize that forage in many cases. It's acres that we can't use for anything else. And I always like to start by saying, I'm not suggesting that we don't do that, right? Every acre of forage that we have, we should figure out how to use it the best that we can, and that is a great place for cows. But the reality is we don't have enough acres of grass to support the cows that we we won't want to have in many places. Number of reasons, I think many of you can relate to this, certainly where I'm from can relate to this. It started when I was with the boy and saw fences started coming out, you know, get a couple more rows of corn in the ditch and that trend has continued. I didn't think it was possible to pull any more acres out of pasture, but every time corn gets to six or seven dollars, we figure out how to add a few more acres of crop production. And we just continue to have less and less grass. Obviously urbanization has added to that as well. There used to be a lot of cattle fed what is now the suburbs of Chicago, right? And that sprawl just continues to happen. In result, we have less grass. And so that really led us to, you know, what are we going to do? What are these different options? What are some alternatives? And we had a lot of producers that were considering some form. And Zach mentioned this yesterday and I would agree. We probably need to get together and work on our terminology, confinement, dry lot, you know, what, what are, there's a lot of things that we sometimes lump together that are actually pretty different. And what is a dry lot? Is dry lot actually a dirt lot or is it concrete? And how much space are we talking about that? There's a huge umbrella there. What I'm going to talk about in this facility, the blue sign there, the Orbeef Research Center sits in Western Illinois, one of our three beef cow-calf research stations we have. And what we use there is what was our winter feeding facility. Concrete lots, open front buildings, right? Each, and they're small lots, small pens. So we could do kind of small pen studies. So each of, each of these pins that we used historically for wintering our cows and doing a lot of our winter cow-calf feeding work, there are these 36 by 36 foot concrete lots with 24 by 24 open front building that sits at the back of that. And then we bed those. So obviously small, but again, we have 12 of those, allows us to do some replicated work. So this first project that I'm just going to highlight, some of our findings, I'm not going to go into detail this, but this is where we kind of started. Actually, I don't know, probably half a dozen years ago or more, we did it more as a demonstration. We use that same winter cow feeding facility, but instead of going to grass at breeding in April, we just kept them in. Kept them in in the summer and just tried to understand how would that facility work and more of an extended housing through the summer months, what would be the challenges there. And then we decided to go ahead and do that as a research project. And obviously, comparing it to grass and a traditional system made sense. So that's what we did. That project was funded by Iowa Beef. I'm not going to go through any of the details, but I'm going to highlight a few of the conclusions. And I think most of them will make sense. Some of them also hopefully will lead to some ideas for where we need to continue to do work. And I apologize, I know this screen and with the lighting, it may be difficult. Can you read any of that from the back? Okay, good. Obviously, I'll talk about what's on there. In the dry lot or confinement or any of this, this would be true. We decide what we're going to feed them. Right? So it should not surprise you that we are better able to maintain body weight and BCS. And we've proven that time and time again. Not that you can't maintain body weight and BCS on grass, you absolutely can. But we're at the mercy of Mother Nature. In some years, that's a little harder to do than others. And are we on top of things to be able to adjust our stocking density or our rotational, if we're using rotational grazing or a rotational strategy, are we going to offer in some supplementation? What are we going to do in that year where it hasn't rained for six weeks and pastures are getting dry and burn up? And certainly when we rely on primarily cool season forages in Illinois, that's a real issue as we get into July and August. So we can maintain body weight and BCS in the dry lot because we decide what to feed them. Repro wasn't different. And again, that's a good thing and not surprising. You know, we would have to have an issue with body weight and BCS, or BCS primarily for there to be a challenge there. So that's a good thing. One of the not so good things that we observed was we had more foot problems. And again, if you've talked to anybody that raises pigs or raises dairy cows, they'd probably tell you, well, yeah, we could have predicted that if you put them into a more concentrated setting, confinement, you're likely going to deal with some challenges there. Our primary issue was perihelework, digital dermatitis. We do have some foot rot, but we definitely have more issues. I think this is an area where we're going to have to work is whether it's in the building on a bedded pack or more of a lot, you know, you concentrate and you get something in there, it's going to be hard to get out. And we don't typically think about trying to get beef cows through a foot bath like a dairy. So what's our intervention going to be? How are we going to manage that? We got some work to do. Our dry lot calves had increased performance pre-weaning. I think as you look at some of these, and there'll be some data shared later today, as you look at a conventional system compared to an alternative system, you will see differences there. That's because there's a whole lot of different conventional systems and a whole lot of different alternative systems. And so I think it'd be pretty difficult to just say the calves will always do better in one or the other. In our system, when we're on cool season pastures and we're spring calving in, you know, February, March, those calves are out on pasture, July, August, alongside mother that they don't do as well as the calves that were in the dry lot. And also it depends on what are you going to do with the calves in the dry lot, which a lot of my presentation today will focus on.  If you are, they should probably do pretty well. Are you offering supplemental creep feed? If you are, they should probably outperform calves out on grass. If you're not providing any supplemental feed and you're limit feeding cows in limited bunk space and they're cleaning it up in two or three hours, well then now maybe those calves wouldn't do as well as if you're out on pasture. And also if you're on a little better quality and availability of grass, you may not see the same decline in performance that we might in our system. Yes, AI, so we do synchronize and we do timed AI on everything once and then we put bulls in. Yep, and then this last bullet really will depend on the pre-weening performance. Whichever group has poor pre-weening performance, you probably could anticipate they'll have better performance after weaning. It's called compensatory gain, right? So if they're restricted and they're behind a little bit, you get them on equal playing field offer, high playing nutrition to both, the group that was previously restricted should bounce back. And I'll show you some data where that continues to happen. So also at this same time of doing this study, we also, we had a lot of producers that were coming to us with more specific questions about their system, right? And I think this just shows the innovation of producers. They weren't waiting for research to tell them what to do. They're like, oh, we're already doing this, right? We need to figure out a way to raise cows, not on grass. And so we either put up a hoop building or we put up a monosloop, or some people are doing like we did, use their winter feeding facilities, whether it's a dry lot or an open front building, they were doing this. They're trying to figure out how to run more cows on less acres. Because they'd lost grass or whatever, or maybe next generation wanted to come back to the operation. Had to figure out how to diversify and expand. Let's add more cows and do it more in a confinement setting. We did a survey among cow-calf producers in our state that were using some alternative systems. And we got about 20-some respondents, which isn't a lot, but to have 20 people that are doing some sort of confinement cow-calf, we also thought that's probably pretty good little cross-section. No surprise, we saw about every possible way of doing it. There's multiple building types, multiple calving seasons, multiple weaning ages, multiple ways of managing this calf. And so, again, we expected that, but it also really shed some light on the fact that we need to hone in on best management practices in these systems. If you maybe noticed, I did not tell you on the last slide which one was more economical. I usually get asked that. And I know it's a bad answer, but I always just say it depends. And sometimes it really doesn't matter. And I'll define both of those. It depends because it depends on what you have to pay for grass. And it depends on what your availability is on alternative feedstuffs. If you're right next to an ethanol plant and you can get modified distillers out of there pretty cheap, or if you have access to a lot of crop residue, you might be able to put together a TMR that's pretty low cost. And if all the ground around you is selling for $15,000 an acre and can grow 280 bushel corn, the cost of seeding that to grass and trying to graze cows on that is probably pretty high. That's why it depends. And then the reason I say sometimes it really doesn't matter is is because some people say, I don't have a grass option. So I don't really care to see your comparison to somebody else's opportunity cost on grass because I don't have that option. My only option is to go to one of these alternative systems. So please help me figure out how to do it best because that's my only option. We probably had more variability and more questions on the calf side. So what are we going to do with these calves? We wean them at a more traditional age, or we wean them earlier, we creep feed them, we let them up to the bunk, or put up a building. Space is a huge thing. Bunk space is a huge thing. We can't maybe really afford to add that bunk space for the calf. Adds a lot for the construction costs. So what do we do there? Do we add a special creep area for them to loaf and eat? How are you doing that? So we did a little dig and tried to find some creep feeding work in a dry lot setting. Grad students did come across this study. It was published in 1978. Obviously done prior to that. And I know those numbers may be a little small, but they'll draw your attention there. Those are final body weights. Slotter weights, 800, 900 pounds. That's not very applicable. Right? Those are not the kind of cows we're running. I'm guessing those aren't the, you know, someone's like, sure those aren't hot carcass weights. Right? That would be more in line with our hot carcass weights. So even though they saw some differences there, this information was not helpful to our current producers, right? These were different genetics, different systems. So in no offense to that work, I'm sure somebody 30 years from now, hopefully not sooner than that, will say what we're doing is outdated and irrelevant. So not a lot of data. So what do we know? Well, there's a lot of other creep feeding work that's been done. So, you know, we kind of made sure we reviewed some of that literature. I just struggle to convince myself that that's very applicable though, because those cattle are on grass. And so those calves have something to eat. And if we creep feed, that creep is substituting and replacing that forage base. And a dry lot, they don't have that. It's a pretty different system. So I'm not really sure that that information is super relevant to our dry lot or confinement systems. So this graph here shows as, you know, calf weight goes up. Basically, this is the requirement to meet their needs. And this is the assumed beef cow lactation curve. So neither of those curves I really like, right? Because we know that we don't have a cow that's going to, beef cow, that's going to make 50, 60 pounds of milk, nor would we want that. But I also think that I don't have a tremendous amount of faith in what we currently believe the beef cow's lactation curve to look like. Because we don't have a ton of data on that. All right? We have a few snapshots in time. I believe some of those aren't necessarily measuring the genetic potential of that cow, but they're measuring what environment she was in. So again, if we think about one of our systems, if someone did do an estimate of milk production on a spring calving cow and a cool season pasture in August, well, I think you're probably testing how good the forage quality and availability was, not her genetic potential, right? She has to have the nutrition to sustain that milk production. But regardless, we know that there's a gap, right? Calf requirement is, it's not going to be met by milk production. So what are we going to do? Or are we going to do anything? What happens if we don't meet that gap? Well, they're restricted. They're going to be behind. But if they can catch up later, maybe it's okay. But if they're so far behind that we've stunted them or maybe predisposed them to future problems, whether it's health-wise or compromise, grading potential, that would be a problem. If they're just behind and thin and they're going to bounce back, we could probably deal with that. So we set out, and this is the study that I'm going to go through, obviously, in more detail here, to determine what are the effects of creep feed duration on primary focus was the calf, but obviously we wanted to collect the data on the cow side, too, to make sure there wasn't any differences, even though you wouldn't really expect that. And we did follow at least the steer calves all the way through to slaughter. We used that facility that I told you about with those concrete lots and open-front buildings. We had 72 Simangus cows. You'll see here later I have their, by the way, but they're pretty good-sized cows. And I would say averaged above average milk production for that kind of cross. And we put six pairs in each of those pins. And there were three heifer calves and three bull calves at the start of the study at each of those pins. Bulls were castrated shortly thereafter. I'm not going to go into a lot of detail on what we fed these cows. So that's not really the focus of this. What we found is you can feed them a lot of different things. You just need to formulate it to meet their energy and protein needs. Warren's going to share some different options. You should go with the least cost option. And it'll depend on what co-products or byproducts are regionally available to you, what you have access to, what you can get bought in. Right now probably feed some corn. Feed some corn silage. There's plenty of times where corn stocks and a co-product like distillers is what a lot of our producers will find to be least cost. But it's going to vary. And I think you can get cows to perform on any of those. So cows were fed the same on this. Our focus was the caps. And what we did was we fed them a commercial creep feed for either 105 days or the final 21 days prior to weaning. We started this project when we time AI'd the cows for the next cap. So these calves were 83 days of age when we started. And we weaned at 188 days of age plus or minus whatever there. And so that's where we get the 105 day creep feeding period. So that was summer. And then on the short term duration as I'll sometimes refer to it final three weeks. Those grad students in the room you probably have experienced this. Always want to maybe have another treatment or you can always think of a couple more things. We debated it on whether or not we should have a no creep negative control. But to be honest I didn't really think that that's what I would recommend. I think there's plenty of work to show that getting caps started on feed prior to weaning and going to the feed lots advantageous three weeks two to three weeks a fairly common recommendation. And I think that's especially important in a dry lot for a confinement because they're not eating anything else. Maybe nibble at some bedding. Right. A few of the crumbs in the bunk. But if we don't have any feed exposure prior to weaning I think that's probably setting those cattle up for potential issues. So we went with three weeks. A little bit of timeline here. Again kind of outlined this but you'll hear me refer to the pre weaning phase as those first hundred and five days. Well I'll call the kind of receiving or growing phase was we shipped these from that unit to our feedlot on campus and the first 42 days we kind of separate that out as that receiving growing phase. And then the final 150 some days whatever there would have been the finishing phase and then those cattle the steers were then sent to Tyson. Again 12 of those pins six pairs in each pin. Square footage under the building works out to less than 100 square foot per pair. Square footage on the concrete works out to about 200. And so you know there's obviously a lot of differences in what people use there. One thing that not to get in the weeds too much here we're talking about small spaces small pins. I think that those square footage allotments are different. And I say that because they're the effective space is challenging right. We have if you would have made all of our facility one pin there would have been four corners. But every pin has four corners. And those you know cows don't fit perfectly in those corners. So when you use the same square footage a lot of them but break it into small pieces it feels tighter. And it is tighter. So I think it's obviously we report it that way. And a lot of times comparing people say well that's more allotment than what people are using. I'm like I understand that but I think if you if you change this to a big pin it would look a little different. But that's what it was. If you can tell in this picture here this is where we fed the creep feed. That's not what I would recommend. Right I would use some sort of cell feeder or something if you're going to do it.  Get the warts back. It's obviously exposed to the elements there again. That was kind of a retrofit to this facility that typically had only ever been used in the winter. And up until those calves were this 80 some days of age then went to the pasture. So that's that's how we set that up. To creep feed. So again pre-weaning phase we weighed several times throughout there started the creep at 105. We came in day 42 and did our first ultrasound to determine the AI conception rate from that timed AI.  So again that'd be 160 days into lactation there. Then started the creep the end final prey check right there. And then we did do ultrasound for carcass composition. So on the gist of this muscle area 12th rib fat, rump fat. So for creep feeding obviously one of the questions always there well were they fleshy was there going to be a fleshy discount we want to make sure we could assess that. Track the cows as I told you I know there's a lot of numbers on there the take home from that is is the cows were similar. No differences in cow body weight no differences in cow BCS between those two treatments we would expect that for the most part we were able to maintain cow body weight cow BCS. I'm not going to tell you that six twos the ideal body condition score but that's probably a little a little fatter than they need to be but that's where those cows were. We have seen as we've kept these cows in more and more and we don't really have a period where they're going into negative energy balance that they will kind of drift just a little fatter over time because we're never really getting a reset if you will. Milk production not different. And again this was kind of late into lactation there. No difference we wouldn't really expect that. I will back up. The only reason we thought there could have been a difference in cow body weight was we thought that the calves that didn't have creep peak if they were hungry enough and tough enough they may try to get up to the bunk and eat alongside the cow. We provided 30 inches of bunk space per cow and that was a fairly energy dense limit-fed ration that they were cleaning up in about three hours. The opportunity for those calves to get to the bunk at 30 inches per cow and three hours of them cleaning up pretty limited. They would have had to have been pretty tough and pretty hungry to try and squeeze in there. You saw them try every once while they might sneak a nibble but if they had eaten a significant amount that would have meant there would have been less feed for their mother which may have shown up as those cows being different in weight and BCS. But they weren't so it's kind of an indirect measure that the calves probably weren't eaten much which is what we observed. Commented on the what was the breeding plan here and so these cows were synchronized seven-day cedar time-day I-75 percent first service conception which we considered to be exceptional as good as we've ever had that is not the norm. This unit, this manager and these cows they always do well. It's rare they're under 60 75 would have been a record there. So we'll take that every time because it doesn't always go that way. Overall pregnancy in the 90s so again both were good no problem at all. Can you explain why it shows the way so far way later? Yeah and so we wanted in a perfect world and especially now as I've gotten more into this questioning or current knowledge of the lactation curve I would love to have had somebody do it every week I might have had all my grad students quit but wanted to kind of see if later in time there when again some had had creep the whole time and some hadn't was there any difference in milk production or sustained milk production to kind of accommodate that the creep feeding data on pasture suggests that it doesn't do anything to milk production and I think ours kind of supports that. I wish we would have had lots and way suck away is it's a crude measurement if you're not familiar with it we separate the cows and calves the kind of midday we let them nurse for 15 minutes that evening at say seven o'clock separate them again the next morning we come in we weigh the calves empty we let them nurse we weigh them again their difference in weight change is considered to be 12 hours of milk production. It's it gets us close it beats the heck out of putting a milk machine on beef cow which I had to do as a graduate student probably going to have some future graduate students do that so um but it's it is a way of getting the milk production. Okay so a good question transfer here to the calves at the start no difference in calf body weight that's kind of by design you wouldn't want them to be different at the beginning and then already by day 42 the calves that had creep feed weighed more than the ones that didn't not a surprise that's what you would expect day 84 they'd separated by you know 75 80 pounds and then day 105 they come back together just a little bit and that would make sense if you look down here at the average daily gains I do want to point out here so first first two periods creep fed calves over three pounds a day just pretty good no non-creep fed calves two and a half which is also really good that's better and I thought it was going to be that's what our calves will do on pasture with their mother right and so that surprised me like what where where's that coming from right that if they're not really eating much out of the bunk we're not giving them anything else yeah they could pick up the bedding a little bit but I really think it comes back to maybe there was more sustained milk production through there than the models would have told us and also if they're only consuming milk maybe they stay more efficient on that all right and so I think we don't understand or know as much about that because we don't have a lot of beef calves that have only ever been fed milk for that period of time to really know what are they capable of gaining on just milk alone because we don't do that right so I think that's surprising but encouraging numbers and if you go to when we offer them creep they bounce up really good and those last three weeks they did over three and a half pounds a day so some compensatory gain this number is a little low the only thing I can tell you I'll show you their intakes here in a minute we had a little heat spell there I think those calves back off a little bit the other thing I will tell you is tracking gain over three weeks is tricky because you have some differences in gut fill and that really gets magnified when you try and calculate an average daily gain over just a few days it doesn't take very many pounds difference in fill to throw off that average daily gain last number I want to draw your attention to is this supplemental gain to feed and if we would make that a feed to gain that's I guess like six seven to one and that's a thing supplemental gain to feed that you see in creep feeding work so when we when we creep feed on pasture and we offer creep some of that creep replaces forage right and so oftentimes people kind of complain about hey those things were eating 10 pounds of creep feed but they didn't get very much more extra gain their efficiency on that creep feed was terrible and that's because in a pasture setting it's just replacing the forage it's not really a net benefit or certainly not all in that benefit in the dry lot it is it's not replacing anything so this supplemental gain to feed is better than what you'll see in any other creep feed literature on pasture because it's not replacing anything so that's good if you are going to offer that creep you're really getting a little more bang for your buck on that because it truly is all going to gain and not just replacing your your forage base yeah so question is is how can you tell if the if the creeps raising or you know helping the calf grow or the cows milk is and I guess I would just kind of come back to comparing those two when we didn't have creep that's obviously only on the cow and that's where we got the two and a half pounds per day gain when we had creep plus the the cow we were more like three and a half so that's our best way to kind of tease that out and then as far as keeping replacements I will hit on that a little bit later here when I talk about the flesh and the condition I would not recommend creep feeding potential heifer replacements there's really no benefit and potential for for negatives there thanks thanks for those questions and again if I didn't answer that specifically encourage you to you know put something else again in the chat there and I'll try and revisit that this graph here is on on the creep feed intake and so the orange line would be for those 105 day creep started pretty low just gradually worked their way up here's where I told you they kind of backed off right through here stalled out a little bit that may have been due to a heat event right there I think the important part is is when we offered creep to the short term they went up on it quick right and by three weeks there's no difference in intake between those two whether they'd been on it the whole time we've only been offered it in three weeks and so we got right up to about 10 pounds per head per day at the end but how many days until the calves are really consuming the creep yep so on this these calves when we started would have been 88 days of age and so we didn't offer it prior to that and so what is represented here as week one would have been when those calves would have been about three months of age and they started right out in that first week at a pound per day and you know every week basically over the next next 10 weeks they were adding half a pound or pound intake each each week we've done some where we've offered creep earlier in that and sometimes they'll get started on sometimes it just takes one calf to get in there and get started there's probably more variability at that young age at this later age when we come in here that they pretty well I'll go to it there's not as much variability great question and I did not draw attention to that it is there is corn corn is there's more corn than co-products but it's pretty similar and there's some distiller's grain some soy holes so there is a combination there I wouldn't characterize it as a high starch but it's not a it's not a no corn it's kind of an intermediate and I'll come back to that so that's a good question yeah I like ad libitum it was we did bunk feed it daily but the goal was for it to be ad libitum so we were trying to have just a little bit of refusal so yes we pushed them and let them have as much as we could good thank you told you we ultrasounded these calves all right they're gaining three and a half pounds a day they're probably potential to be a little fleshier lungismus muscle area there was a difference here whenever there's a difference and we know there's a weight difference I like to do that per unit of weight and there was not a difference when we do that calculation so what's that mean they weren't heavier muscles they were heavier right and so if they're heavier they're going to scan with a larger rib our larger lungismus muscle area they were fatter 12th rib and rump fat shows they were fatter visually we could see that we expected that but we wanted to have the numbers to verify that IMF had the question about the creep composition some of you may know University of Illinois has done a lot of work on this kind of early calf nutrition whether it's been creep feeding early weaning and a lot of that's focused around marbling deposition and certainly my predecessors and some of my graduate work was in that area and I do believe that there is an opportunity to influence marbling at that young age 100 to 200 days of age there's a window there where those intramuscular fat cells can still differentiate an increase in number and we have to have enough energy and I think there's certainly some work that would suggest the right source of energy and starch being key to that and so and we can talk more about that later if that really does interest you so we thought hey that's gonna be important to assess this there could be some differences in intramuscular fat wasn't significant and I'll come back to the fact that that wasn't a really high corn really high starch based creep and so maybe that's part of it but also point out that these calves they did have three weeks of creep at the end and also drive back to the point that they weren't on grass right so what they were getting was primarily milk which again we don't have some of that other creep feeding data that's out there those were all on pasture base so and and so some people would say I don't think creep really affects marbling anyway and so they're not surprised others would say oh I think I think I would have guessed there to be a difference sorry I had some boxes there a little pre-weaning summary then we're doing all right on time cow performance and repro were not impacted by creep feed duration it's good we wouldn't wouldn't expect that the long-term creep resulted in greater average daily gain greater body weight again we would expect that you feed them they grow faster resulted in being fleshier also expected that but I think it was good to put some numbers on it and document that and then the short-term creep during that period of time they compensated all right so again compensatory gain is that rapid efficient gain following a period of restriction I would say it would be safe to say that those calves that didn't have creep were restricted for those first 84 days and then we offered them creep and they bounced back a little bit now it wasn't enough to make up all the difference but they were sure made up some of that difference in those final three weeks if you saw on the objective I didn't say it out loud I guess that you said something about rumen fermentation characteristics and so what we wanted to do here my colleague Dr. Josh McCann does more on the rumen microbiome and he thought hey this would be a good idea to actually assess this and look at this I told you the reason we offered creep for three weeks prior to going to feedlot to make sure that they had feed exposure make sure that rumen development had occurred and they were ready for feed so we wanted to go in and see hey prior to that when some had had creep some hadn't is there any differences and so to do that we took rumen fluid from calves out of both treatments and so that's kind of the X vivo so rather if you've done any in vitro work hey we just get rumen fluid and we test the feed well we got rumen fluid from two different sets of cattle so it was kind of a different base right it would represented the rumen from these different management strategies and then we did the in vitro experiment you got to show this my grad student made it I didn't but obviously the idea there is we get the feed exposure and we get these these bugs and we get the right kind of rumen development okay so again at this time at day 76 just picture it as creep no creep right because the short term hadn't had it yet so it's creep no creep and what we found was the calves that had creep rumen fluid from them resulted in greater in vitro dry matter digestibility which supports that that rumen community was better was better prepared and more developed we also saw a difference between our substrates not surprising our creep feed was more digestible than the cow TMR so that part's not surprising and there wasn't an interaction a lot of numbers here though I'll draw your attention to the total VFA there was an interaction but it supports the same theory regardless of substrate we had more VFA production when they had been exposed to creep than when we didn't and so I'm glad we did this it kind of documented that I'm not going to show you the data but we did it again when they came to the feedlot so at that point they'd either been on creep for 105 days or they'd been on creep for three weeks no difference right no difference in any of these things which once again supports that three weeks was enough to prepare that rumen and I think that's important had we gone with these calves right here to the feedlot and started them on feed I don't think we would have got some of the same results that we did at that early part of that receiving period so now for the receiving phase we truck them to campus all right here's our receiving growing rationed silage corn hay distillers we get the hay out pretty quick we're on a slotted floor there at campus weight them every two weeks during that period kind of a summary of the body weights here they started different they stayed different the whole time but during that period the short-term creep fed calves had greater average daily gain they're still compensate all right they were intake was similar all right they tend to be more efficient and again that's the compensatory that's what we see if you take a set of contemporaries restrict one to a lower body weight and then put them back on the feed they'll eat the same it's kind of fascinating that they'll eat the same as their counterparts even though they weigh less so they're eating a greater percentage of their body weight and since they weigh less they have a lower maintenance cost so more of that intake is going to gain and that's how they end up being being more efficient oh I guess the last thing to point out there still didn't catch them narrowing the gap remember we're 75-80 pounds at the at the most now it's more like 35 or whatever so short-term creep greater average daily gain tend to be more efficient long-term creeps still heavier 42 days wasn't enough for them to come together so now finishing phase take you back to the beginning I said there's six pairs in each pin three heifer calves three male calves at this juncture the heifers were sorted off as potential replacements the steers we co-mangled we'd maintained pin even when we came to the this facility for that receiving phase we still kept those six calves from their dams pin in their own pin for the finishing phase we co-mangled managed them all together from a statistical standpoint our dam pin was always an experimental unit and we maintained that but we fed them together question may come up and I'll hit on this since there was already a question about the replacements no we didn't track the heifers all the way through it's 36 of them no no I think it's a really important question I would just tell you I would not creep feed my potential replacement heifers there's too many potentials for negatives one it costs more two if we do get them fat and fleshy there's data that shows that creep feeding can lower milk production seen as much as 25% reduction in lifetime milk production if you creep feed those calves especially if you do it for a long period of time and get them fleshy you're just it's pretty unlikely in a commercial setting that you recoup those dollars and you may cost you more if you're in a purebred seedstock trying to market these at an earlier age you might be able to justify getting those calves a little bloomier earlier that's a different scenario finishing phase here's our finishing rations we used here again we we use silage as our our forage base corn high moisture corn modified distillers pretty typical for our part of the world we did implant these calves day 148 day 223 we used the TEIS for the first one TES for the second one they were co-mingled so we couldn't have intake I don't like three animals in a pen that's not enough to really get a good pen average so that's why we didn't keep those pins but I still wanted to see if there's any intake differences so since they're all together we did use our grow safe system if you're not familiar with that and use the electronic ID allows you to get individual feed intake in a pen setting so we could keep them co-mingled and still know what each calf ate we did that just at the end again would have been great to do it the whole time didn't really have the dollars budgeted to do that so and then at the end we shipped them to Tyson we have a packing plant there in Illinois and Jocelyn, Illinois three hours from campus and we got a full set of carcass data so right here at the beginning of this finishing phase now it's just the steers so if you're like hey those numbers don't quite match before before it was an average of the heifers and steers this is just steers so about 60 pounds difference here so a little bigger difference than when the heifers were mixed in but by day 238 not statistically significant and by the end not statistically significant you might say hey there's a little bit of numerical difference there and I'll come back to that sorry I like to point out this number right here they're both really good but 4.8 pounds per day for those first 90 days in the finishing phase for those short-term creep caps they were still compensating right so still exceptional ready to gain making up for that and that's why at the end they weren't different now when we came in here for the last days and did our intake evaluation feed efficiency no difference in intake no difference in gain no difference in feed efficiency so by that last kind of 60 days they were the same right they had fully compensated and caught back up from a growth performance standpoint which is pretty cool if that can happen consistently maybe asking about the carcass data well hot carcass weight actually numerically identical so if there's a little bit of a numerical difference on live weight there was a little bit of numerical difference here on our dressing percent not significant and I wanted to follow them through and get this but you know we're a little short on numbers and I acknowledge that we're powered good for everything up through that receiving phase but when we drop those heifers out you know one one individual on a pin of three can kind of use some numbers a little bit about a half inch of fat right 30 yield grade no difference in marbling back to there wasn't any difference in IMF there at the end of the pre-weaning so wouldn't really expect there to be a marbling difference at the end so summarize that's 21 day calves they compensated now they'd been compensating but they hadn't caught up but now they have they have caught up no difference in gain or feed efficiency of those final 60 days because they'd already caught up and no difference in carcass traits so what about economics and I'll circle back to the question you know that what came in the chat relative to economics between a grazing system and a dry lot or a confinement system and I'll kind of reiterate what I said there that really depends because you got so many moving parts right what's your grass cost what's your feed cost here comparing these two systems well they're in the same thing right almost all the costs were identical right we had the same space allotment cows were fed the same the only difference in these two treatments was how long they had creep right so that's and there wasn't any difference in intake in the receiving or finishing phase so there wasn't any difference in feed costs and that stage so our only difference is in this creep feeding period so we would did want to do some economics here we use three year averages when we do this you know we could argue what's the best way sometime longer term averages make sense if we think we've entered a new era sometimes it's included in historical data isn't very relevant we could we could argue that for a while feeder calf value again three year average we did use a flashy discount and we did have a weight slide in there since there were some differences in weight we know that affects feeder calf value carcass value again we used three year averages for base price and premiums and discounts associated with quality and yield when we look at the kind of partial economic analysis here through the wean calf value there was about an $83 difference in creep feed costs if you creep feed them for 105 days it's going to cost you more than if you creep feed them for 21 days right you would expect that $83 they were worth more and again here's where some of those variables how fleshy are they are you going to get a fleshy discount or not we put one on if we wouldn't have they might have been worth a little bit more but we thought considering the flesh they were at it made sense we end up with a $42 advantage to the long term creep but I'm not going to spend $83 to make $42 right that doesn't make sense so the short term creep were $40 more profitable if you sell on that weaning now sorry I didn't mean to click through that if we look at it through the final carcass value we have the same feed costs we go here and actually just the way it worked out with the marbling score wasn't different we had a few more that went CAB and I think we had one more prime on that and so when you put the individual premiums on there we actually end up with a $19 difference favoring the short term so we combined that we got over $100 profit more by only creep feeding for three weeks compared to creep feeding for the whole time so in conclusion there that long-term creep did improve calf weight prior to weaning creep feeding for 21 days does appear to be sufficient for preparing that rumen again based that on two things the ex vivo data and the fact that in that receiving period they took off right away if they if they weren't ready to go we might not have seen some of that compensatory gain in that receiving phase it may have been a little more delayed but they hit the ground running I would say that we had them ready and ultimately creep feeding for three weeks saved cost still had them ready and didn't jeopardize final carcass merit so like any anything no one study answers all questions but I do think this has helped some of our producers and you know we're gonna gonna do some more of this gonna hopefully work with some producers on farm for them to try and track a little bit of their data I think just our initial reaction would be well we gotta feed them something they can't they can't have no feet right they can't just be in this dry lot they don't have grass we got we gotta let them come up to the bunk and I know some recommendations are to allow for enough space so the calf can get there too or add additional cmr feed to account for what those calves can eat and I would say this one study would say that may not be true and we need to continue to work on that because if they will catch up later it makes no sense to try and do it then right now you gotta make sure you get the value right if you're retained ownership that's easy to capture that if you're gonna sell them at weaning you need to make sure you're getting the appropriate premium for this thin calf that's gonna you know maybe go half five pounds a day average daily gain because of this compensatory gain I mentioned that first study was funded by Iowa Beef Industry Council this one was funded by Illinois Beef Association obviously none of this is possible without the grad students Megan Meyerskopf did the first one Lindsey Pugh did this one actually both of them have to be employed by Perina now and did a fantastic job when they were with us so with that be happy to answer questions you have yes yep yep great question uh was there and I'll repeat that for those of you on on zoom and I apologize if I didn't do that earlier was there any differences in treatment or health records there we had very very few respiratory which is a good thing but when you have so low numbers we treated like one or two on each treatment and so there wasn't anything significant and I didn't report it because they were just so low with these kind of numbers to pick up a difference in health treatment statistically we would have had to have treated like 50% and one of them and zero and the other I I don't really think that there should be differences though again if if our non creep fed or late creep fed calves had only been doing one and a half pounds a day and really look stunted or behind or unthrifty then I would maybe have been a little worried about them but they're getting two and a half pounds a day and they had the three weeks of creep where they really did well yeah they were thinner but they did not look like they were you know at risk any differences in feed deliveries to the cattle that are between fancy between fed or not during the year or during this meeting period I think we're at the time is there more feed for the cows a day no we limit fed so we I mean we fed the same amount to all the pens and and I wish we had a way to to track it but but we don't you know at that it's they were bunk fed but that's why we we did I had some undergrads that did some observations and this last year we did a different study and we really tried to do that more because we the study we did this past summer we looked at a energy dense limit fed TMR similar to this where they're cleaned up in two or three hours and then a bulkier higher corn stock inclusion one where it was really in the bunk for more like six seven eight hours and we counted number of calves at the bunk like every hour I say we undergrads did that and there there were on the bulky the cows they got full and they walked away before it was gone and then we did see some calves up there still pretty minimal but in this study where they're both where they're all limit fed it's cows just they stay at the bunk till it's gone and those calves really don't get up there you know how much chance yeah yes we have some of that and you know there was yesterday we had a conversation and gentlemen that works with some hoop building say that that that kind of goes away over time cows that I think he was sharing that once they'd been in there for a couple years and never left it kind of starts to go away and I wonder if we've seen some of that because I will tell you these these cows they didn't just go into this facility when we started they'd been in there all winter right this was our wintering facility and they'd been wintered in there the year before and some of these cows had been on some of our extended dry lot and and we limit feed you know higher energy ration pre-caving as well and so I think we maybe don't see as much of that as if you took a set of you know cows that had been only on range and then put them in there and said hey you're gonna we'll get deep for two hours I think we would observe we see some of it but we're mostly pipe and you know we don't have as many things for them to chew on and it's not a dirt lot it's concrete so it's not like they're eating the dirt or some of the things you see sometimes but yeah and we will see that a little bit in the spring or I will tell you if we if we use the heat detection patches they don't stay on very good in our in our dry lot those cows they it's totally different than when they're out on grass we don't hardly ever lose a patch out on grass in a dry lot it only takes one cow to figure out that she's good at ripping them off and they're they're gone so we use a in a loka 550 I'm not not an expert on that but they're I would say they're not cheap we use them in a research setting as far as what could be available for a commercial application you know if you have pure red cattle you can hire someone to come and ultrasound your calves for a fee and I mean even with commercial you can be cost-prohibited but there are there are people that will come scan your cattle there no any recommendations for portable or quick assessment for marbling or IMF now that I'm in a live animal really our only option to assess that would be to utilize ultrasound and and it has it's the one set of challenges there but certainly if you use a certified technician and those are go through like the cup lab the central processing that date is pretty good but there's a cost associated with that did you feed them so the heifers didn't come into heat and so maybe referring to MGA we did not have MGA in there again these heifers and steers were co-mingled up until that's into that receiving phase so those cattle would have been about 220 days of age we wouldn't have had any heifers cycling at that point and then at that juncture the heifers came off study and we only had the steers on study from that point forward in the finishing phase it was a is the creep pelated or loose it was a pelated creep feed commercial creep feed that we used just so happened that the local feed mill there our extension specialist Travis Matier whose name is on here he's been an integral part of all this confinement work we've done he's kind of worked with him on developing that I don't think it has to be a pelated but that's what we used


In Louisville, at the corner of Forth and Walnut, at the center of the shopping district, I was suddenly overwhelmed with the realization that I loved all these people, that they were mine and others, that we could not be alien to one another even though we were total strangers. It was like waking from a dream of separateness, of spurious self-isolation in a special world. This sense of liberation from an illusory difference was such a relief and such a joy to me that I almost laughed out loud. I have the immense joy of being man, a member of a race in which God himself became incarnate as if the sorrows and stupidities of the human condition could overwhelm me now that I realize what we all are. And if only everybody could realize this, but it cannot be explained, there is no way of telling people that they are all walking around shining like the sun. Then it was as if I suddenly saw the secret beauty of their hearts, the depths of their hearts where neither sin nor desire nor self-knowledge can reach the core of their reality, the person that each one is in God's eyes. If only they could all see themselves as they really are, if only we could see each other that way all the time. There would be no more war, no more hatred, no more cruelty, no more greed, but this cannot be seen, only believed and understood by a peculiar gift.


Una nami wambia, siya tiki laki tu ni perfect, ata ukitwana hapa tu na checka checka as subuilabda kutulikwa na argument na waif Una bitu zingine mi na waif, haitu kwa kutwangi tu na kubaliana on other things we accept but in the end of the day we still know we are parents, we are teammates, we are friends, we are lovers so we still protect that side Eske ba, ba, ba Ntizu maju ispiyon bars na sauti tv imbe langu ni kuna legend himself, Nameless for the last 20 years ame kwa kitu na 10 kwa game na lehitu wa padapusa kungana ingina tena padapusa ingina kungana na e tena Mama Vibi bro Mama Fresh, Mama Fresh labdako Maisha Vibi Maisha tu na iskumu mamanzi Pamili ina zidi kukua na kukua Ina zidi kukua man, saizini kuna 3 girls nana ni tesa sa Baba Shiro Uko nyumbani, sisi wadi tu mefrai na pia mafanzi manzewa me to bless so ime kwa last year was a blessed year Can you summarize the year for us? For me I'd say of course the highlighted kwa getting shiro in the house I think nilippanya US tour That was also good, juu sikuwa nimenda states for some time so pia kuku reconnect na watuangu ko diaspora na nilipata a lot of love there so illukwa fresh Of course to release some music in the beginning of the year with Wahoo Sizi release towards the end nika se mawacha kwa break kidogo ni kwa mataniti live For men, for fathers, laki nili se mawacha ni slow down kidogo up about this year Of course nanzatana kuku release mawangoma but me kwa fresh Of course this year we expect to jump tomo na iwa majuzi mulikuwa Were Jua Kali, Wairi aitu nalimgile Kenzo Matata Kenzo pia likuwa ya Wairi aika tu piga na kapranka pukidogo Wairi aika tu piga pia na iwa prank Jua likuwa ki tebe nasi and we found him just talking about it but ya it was fun of course guys wali kwa na niza patanatu kwa stitu na zema hei nikweli muka na band sasa ya wali kwa tu vibes tu but sinima best we had gone on a trip out ya ni tu onge na jua tu shepa ali tu ko tu kana maipango it was good, it was unnecessary Projects may be loading na zasema kuna kitu I won't specify what exactly it is but tulianza kuku panga in beginning of the year because we have a plan for something towards the end of the year so that was just the initial just meetings sanasa na mi wairi na jua kali ju tu na toka the same era tu me toka the same era we have mutual respect for each other we are all fathers and something in the way something under way okay on the baba girls now nameless we have seen you as a very tight parent with tumiso of course you are close with the other girls but then you are very tight with tumiso now raising a teenager can you just give a few tidbits on how to raise a teenager and what should parents do to bring their kids closer it is very challenging to bring up teenagers and as a zasema teenagers I think we realize we always misunderstand teenagers as parents we already prepared but I realize over time teenager nisteji aku question and questioning is good but when you cut up a question upon the letter issues let me hear what you are thinking let me understand do you ata pia teenager kuna pia teenager so teenagers wanna to question of course as we want to have rebellious because they want to challenge and it's always good to be challenged because pia inakufanya ugro uta realize labda kulu kuna kitu kuna say mana it was not true or not right and then pia kukua close ata as much as you try to be very close but you give them the confidence but you give them the confidence that akuna kitu neza ni ambia ambia to exit atua you are a parent you still have to be a parent because there are things you will have to be also because they are still growing so ata kuna think they know everything but you know they know everything but they know something ata ni melani both through even the industry naskizanga sana artis kwa gini kusama ju nime kwa ina say kuna kitu na jwa kutakitu na ata ni fundisha ata mi kuna kitu na fundisha so I use the same theory in principle with my kids I think you have many ideas on yeah now you are a very inspiring couple that is in terms of you enwahu zero drama or very little drama that's not known to the public nameless what's the secret what's this that we need to pick from you and make out these others and other people can make their couples flourish as well and know how to work their issues out internet internet as confused people whereby you think you can come and say everything and your million followers it's a big mistake it's a big mistake there are things that even for us as much as we have our differences we have our challenges but because we are friends also we care about each other even when I'm not agreeing even if she's not agreeing with me I still cannot go out there and tarnish the mother of my my children even her she can't because deep down even if she may not agree on something she still cares about me so that basis of that so that you know that it means that there's something you need to learn we communicate we communicate we go for cancelling like crazy we get shocked when people say they don't go for cancelling how crazy are you to try and navigate this complex things called relationships because you need a professional to help you see something you're not seeing I tell men all the time I say I tell men I will try to guide guide professionals who understand the mind who understand so for me I recommend that because through that you will now learn yourself you will learn partner you learn and then you use better language to communicate to influence to whatever so for me anytime there's issues we trust we care about we can share a million followers I want to say it's perfect but I want to check the argument I want to say I want you to understand other things we accept but in the end of the day we still know we are parents we are teammates so we still protect that side so now aside from romance and family what do you have for us for the people who know you now as Nameless out here what do you have in store for us you are a legend we need to get to feel your music feel something great from you I mean I have something I was planning to release towards the end of the year but I was actually tired mentally mentally I was kind of tired I was not in mood to go sometimes I take a break without people knowing kuchila I can be creating behind the scenes but I don't release because releasing requires marketing it also needs energy so I took that so they can come this year with more energy more ideas and all that so 2023 from Nameless definitely we have a lot of content a lot of work and also with my wife when she comes out of leave she is still on leave now to make kubaliana paka febura relax baby is awesome shiro she is a man smile smile ya ya ya ya ya so that journey sometimes we share what we can and for us pal yuko sasani but we recognize this sura na yonanga kiasi kiasi so we tooka maizondokondokos in a tifanya to fry to do it too she is healthy, she is good and then also we are just getting a lot of love and support jana ni kumistu de mamesu ama I mean Peter akana ni mera kuru de kusame ito le azao man ya kama ni amia nulia daipa tika sabata usika tiny blessings ya so it got a lot of people who are just showing love and apia yonata kwa appreciate ya we don't take it for granted baby nameless kumalizia I wanna say thank you for inspiring the industry inspiring the generations the likes of tiyo miwa and the rest just to finalize because up online we are very strong kapsa we wipe out what onanata negativitu una deal na wao maybe just to summarize how do you handle this for me negativitini kani mi soma ni mi elewa it comes from somewhere so that's why I don't get very angry when someone says something negative or foolish or hates najaribu, once nama I see a killer sir because they'll always be there once nail nachukua kitu najaribu kumenta najaribu kumenta with love we're also sure that people who are there don't deal with negativiti negativiti ya deal with it positively because when you put that positive atakijeribu kwa negative tena na kwa positive e mo ni anza kufil foolish anza kutan so if you really want to chuck negativiti we have to inject positivity you cannot remove negativiti with negativiti you get if you are here and you don't like negativiti the only thing you can do is inject positivity so when you put it atakijeribu kumenta you don't want to say bro bro ni vivi ni kama unna monesha love in a certain way so for me it always has a positive effect unna anza kuna kumenta unna kutan kwa unna monesha imagine you jinga unna fanya like why would you do that but you do it in a way that I understand so that that's the reason I reply not because they affect me it's because I want to show others even who are following that guys when we go negativ when someone goes negativ we are keeping the negativ energy and when it's negativ man say it feeds everyone it feeds negativ paka ina endakwa every aspect of your life unna kasrika tukilaki tukuni negativ you can imagine living like that all the time it's not good to know positive paka people stop feeling let's make negativity kwa out of fashion Pauli he said the final question so I hope this will be the final one now nameless being a millennial you have been featured as one of the top content creators on tiktok we know the people that have taken over tiktok are genesies how does it feel like would you feel weird at some point that tumiso is done that should be shining here but then again you've been brought here what do you have to say about that for me I try to show people that we can all live in the same space people make mistakes of thinking that when in total I cannot sit next to you because when in total you have a different generation I can learn from you you are younger than me but there is still something I can learn from you then this young one will say you are older than me but there is something I can learn from you we can all learn from each other so I am trying to show them that pia mina is a kapa nauewe but to find a kazi pamoja I will not look at you as a child I look at you as a person a teenager I look at my small daughter who is 7 as a person so when she is talking she doesn't feel dismissed she feels menis kiza it starts making her think I have something to say and they listen to me no it is just a place to be creative content wise it is a place to connect with people I also want to connect with the teenagers because I still make music and even the teenagers I like this music so when I can do a song in my 40s that a 16-year-old can connect with that means I listen to them that is why they can connect to the song so strength in this industry and learn so we are not competing we are just sharing a platform thank you so much for your time I wish you the best Pamoja


Live from Las Vegas. It's theCUBE. Covering Informatica World 2018. Not to you by Informatica. Hey, welcome back everyone. This is theCUBE. Live here in Las Vegas at the Venetian Ballroom. This theCUBE's exclusive coverage of Informatica World 2018. I'm John Furrier, your host and analyst here with Peter Burris, host and analyst here for two days of coverage. Our next two guests are Jatesh Guy who's the Senior Vice President General Manager, Data Quality, Security and Governance for Informatica and Barry Green, the Chief Data Officer for Bank of Ireland. Great to see you, Jatesh. Great to have you on theCUBE. Great to be here. So, love having two smart people talking about data. GDPR is right around the corner on Friday. You're at the Bank of Ireland, so you're the middle of it. Juan, you're in the territory. You're in the heart of- Get any sleep. Yeah, I get lots of sleep. What, talk about your role at the bank. What are you guys doing? I want to get into the GDPR. It's right on our doorstep. It's going to have major implications for data as a strategic asset. Talk about what you do. So, for me, we've created a data management framework. Framework's pretty simple. Map process, get context for data, put it into the business data model or sign ownership, put data quality over it and then maintain it using a risk model, operational risk model. Now, it doesn't matter whether it's GDPR or BCBS, whatever it is, it's about adding value to data, understanding data, using it and making sure you've got a better customer experience. All the good things. GDPR's important, but it's not the only thing. You guys aren't new to managing data and certainly with compliance, your financials bank. So it's not a new thing. What is, how is GDPR being rolled out? How is it impacting you guys? What are you paying attention to and what's the impact? So, the big thing about GDPR is we're having to understand where our key customer data sits in the physical systems. We're looking at mapping key processes so we can understand what it's used for. We're assigning ownership to people who own data so we can basically make decisions about it in the future. GDPR's a bit like BCBS. It's going to evolve, right? You're not going to be GDPR compliant on May 25th. You're going to have to put in place the infrastructure, the tooling, the governance, the management to make sure that as an organization, you are using data the way it's supposed to be. If you want to be a digital organization, you have to manage data. This is just pushing along that evolution of data being important to an organization. But just as why 2K wasn't about making the world safe for mainframes in the year 2000, it forced a separation, an understanding of the separation that's required between applications and data. So GDPR is another one of those events that's forcing a separation, in this case, between data and the notion of data assets. Correct. So take us through how the thought process of GDPR has catalyzed new thinking within the bank about how we think about data differently as a consequence. I think what it's done, so we've developed the framework so we can apply it to any problem, right? I think what it's done is it's raised up the risk of data more generally. So people talk about data as an asset. I talk about data as a liability, right? So it's a contingent liability if you think about GDPR. It's raised that awareness up that we can't continue to operate and treat data the way we have in the past. So there's a whole cultural change going on around how we treat data. And there's a big understanding, training going on about everyone knowing why they use data, making sure that they don't use it for the purpose it's not used for. And generally it's a big education, cultural change. Barry, how would you describe the mindset for this new thinking? Certainly I agree with you. It's at the strategic nature, center of the value proposition right now, in all aspects, not just some department. What's the mindset that people should be thinking about when they think of data? Okay, should I have access to this data? So do I need it for the role I'm undertaking? And if it was my data, would I be treating it? How would I treat it? How would I want it to be treated? Even if you were the subject. Yeah, exactly. It's almost like if I had my data being used for a certain thing, context, is that the way I'd want my data treated? It's almost the old adage, do unto others as you would have done to you, right? Yeah, ethics is important. Chichesh, talk about the informatic opportunity because you guys, really, timing's pretty awesome for informatica with the catalog. You guys have an interesting opportunity right now to come in and do a lot of good things for clients. That's exactly right. We've been working very hard with our clients over the last 18 months to help them on this GDPR journey. What we think of as supporting their privacy and protection initiatives. And you mentioned catalog. We have our enterprise data catalog powered by Clare, our AI machine learning capabilities and metadata. And that helps you get an organized view of all your data assets within the enterprise. Leveraging that same technology, we have a secure source offering which is effectively a data subject catalog to help our customers understand where exactly is the data subject sensitive data? Not where the organization's data is, but the data subject sensitive data within the organization. Where their national identifier information is, where their personal home address, email phone, et cetera is, and how many occurrences and what systems. Why? So that our customers can take that information and more effectively respond to the data subject. If the data subject wants to invoke the right to be forgotten or right for data portability, et cetera, as well as take that same information and demonstrate to the regulator that they are processing this sensitive data with the appropriate consent from the data subject. As well as have the systems, I presume, to then be able to expose to the subject the reasons why the data may in fact still be part of the asset of the bank. Correct. So I hadn't heard that before. We've had other companies tell us that they're going to help companies find subject data, but you guys are taking a step further and allowing the bank, in this case, to be able to look at that data from the subject's perspective. Exactly right. Because it's not just with some regulations, financial regulations, you need to demonstrate the quality and trustworthiness of the data. Here, to the regulator, here it's demonstrating to the data subject themselves, the individual themselves, how you're processing, how you're treating their data, how protected or unprotected it is, and how you're using it to market to them. How you're using to sell to them. Does that become part of the metadata? That's exactly right. It's using the same metadata foundation to, but focused on the data subject specifically. Interesting, interesting. How about the protection aspect of it? If I say I want my right to be forgotten and you can hold data where's the protection aspect for the business and the user? Is there conflict there? How do you guys handle that? Yeah, so it's interesting. There is a conflict, so there's a conflict already with existing regulation. So the thing that a lot of people aren't talking about is that you can hold data. So if someone can't just delete data if you want to hold an account or there's a reason for using it, you've got a legitimate use for using it, you can still hold it. You have to tell the customer why you're using it. So there's a lot of context here which they didn't have before. So it's giving the customer the power to understand what their data is being used for, the context it's being used for, and so they know it's not going to be used for the spiritless marketing campaigns. It's being used for a reason that's- Is that extra work for you guys? Or is that automated? This is where we start to get into the question. Next question. Well the context, the context is the metadata and the ability to be able to capture that context explicitly as these data elements have this context in metadata allows you to do that with some degree of certainty and relatively low cost, I assume. Yeah, it's all about reuse, right? So a lot of what we've done in the past, and that's where the bang comes about, everyone's done in the past, is they've understood something and then thrown it away. So with Axon you can record it, record it. And then with the metadata, you can join the metadata in Axon so you can join a high level process, understand what data is used, the context it's used for, who owns it, quality, all these kind of business relevant things. Then you put the metadata in it and you've got a system view, it's very, very powerful. So the technology's starting to allow us to automate. But it's all about gathering it, reusing it and making sure you understand it, right? It's really important. From a data subject catalog standpoint, you get the technical metadata, it tells you across your data landscape where all the sensitive information is for Barry Greene. You marry that up with the business metadata of how is that sensitive information being used in every step of, let's say, customer onboarding your mission critical business processes within the organization. And that's what you demonstrate to a data subject or a regulator of this is how I'm processing it based on this consent. Now, if they invoke their right to be forgotten, there's various things you can do there because there's conflicts. You can just mask the data using our masking capabilities and then it's truly forgotten. Or you can archive the data and remove it from a particular business process that is marketing or selling to them if that's an issue. So you get choice, it's some flexibility. Correct, correct. Or maybe slightly differently, I'm sure you forgot this right, you can get work out of that data in an appropriate way. So the customer can be forgotten so that there's this kind of work now that you cannot apply that data to, marketing whatever else it might be, but when it comes to understanding better products or building better products, whatever else through masking, you can apply the data still to that work because it's a legitimate use under the law. Exactly. But also think about the fact that you've masked key critical data, right? So the thing about data privacy in general was if you can't understand a data subject, so if you can hide certain pieces of data and you can't identify them, you didn't aggregate it, it's not personal data anymore. So there's some real nuances, a lot of people aren't talking about these things, but they're there. I'm sure these nuances will be surfaced. Yeah, yeah. Because certainly it's a beginning of a generational shift. There going to be some pain points coming online. I mean, we're hearing some people complaining here and there, you guys are used to this. Some industries are used to dealing with compliance, like no big deal. Some people are fast and loose with their data, like wait a minute, you're in that company. This is an opportunity, right? Yeah. So like I said, you can't be a digital bank or we can't have a digital proposition if you don't understand your data and you don't understand it and manage it. So this is an opportunity to do this across the enterprise. It exposes companies that have not planned for and architected data, whether that's investment in data engineering or have staff, this is a huge issue. And tools that can support that process. I mean, people are looking in their organization going, oh man, we really don't have it or they're ready. The exciting part is organizations have focused on quality and trustworthiness of their data. We're now taking that same data and focusing on the privacy and protection and the ethical treatment of it and leveraging the appropriate technologies which happen to be very similar fundamentally for quality and trust and privacy and protection. And in the absence of a global standard for GDPR, we're seeing organizations adopt GDPR as a de facto standard. In fact, Facebook just announced that they're treating all users data, you know. Well, that was one of our research predictions. Yeah, exactly. Pretty obvious. I mean, we'll see how it doesn't have any teeth or anything, but, you know, Facebook's got their own channel. But it's an opportunity for a clean sheet of paper. We'll know Friday, May 25th. I'm sure there's going to be a ton of class action while students are getting Facebook. Jatesh, Barry, thanks for coming on. Great to see you again. Pleasure, thanks for having us. Thanks for everything in Ireland. We're here in the open and Informatical World right in the Solutions Exposed theCUBE, bringing you all the data right here in the cataloging at thecube.net. Check it out. I'm John Furrier with Peter Burris. Stay with us for more day two coverage at Informatical World after this short break.


What are some ways that we can develop self-compassion towards our current attachment?  It's so true. We have such difficulty being self-compassionate. And oftentimes you know that you have problems with self-compassion if you're pretty critical of other people, like because the rules come from somewhere. Like so if you're upset with people for things, it's like actually there's a part of you that's upset with yourself, you know? And having compassion is so important. I think that one thing is moving past anger. I think that sometimes people will have a lot of anger either toward themselves for having an insecure attachment style now and like maybe the negative impacts it's had or like anger toward their parents. Like I'm so mad at you because you made me do this or like you made me this way. And I get that that's oftentimes the first step. You have to have something to direct your upset at. But eventually you have to move past that and say, how can I honor myself and value myself just as I am? Because all human beings have worth regardless of our mistakes, regardless of what we've done, regardless of the mistakes in the past. And until you can achieve that self-compassion, you really can't move forward in a positive way because there's always gonna be something that gets you stuck or sabotages your best efforts. So one of the things that I love the most about, you know, self-compassionate work is really just about like sitting with your inner child.    Or have a tantrum, kick screen and cry. Exactly. And like, and if you can have compassion towards your inner child, then it's going to heal your adult self and give your adult self some compassion too. Oftentimes, I think as an adult, we push our inner child aside because we're like, no, like that's the tantrumy like irresponsible little child. I don't wanna recognize it. But if you don't, you're never gonna have compassion for yourself. So one exercise I love to do is a visualization exercise where you essentially picture your inner child at whatever age you want to, could be five, it could be three, it could be 10, maybe going through a difficult time. Maybe you can just reflect upon like, what was a difficult moment during my elementary years or junior high years?   Like just that simple question, what do you need? And then just listening and seeing what your inner child's telling you, maybe your inner child is saying like, I just need a hug or like, I just needed to be told that I'm okay, even if I didn't get that A, you know, but whatever the case is, you know, really recognize that that's something that your inner child is still caring with you and is probably affecting you to this day. And then thinking about in the next 24 hours, what's one small thing I can do to like meet this need of my inner child? So if they're saying like, I need to be told that I'm okay, even if I'm not achieving, it's like, okay. Well, as the adult self, I have a lot more resources. I have a lot more wherewithal control over my life. Like, what is something that I can do to nurture that part of myself? And if you do this exercise even weekly, you're gonna start to notice that you have so much more compassion for yourself because you're basically saying, hey, you're my inner child. You're allowed to come and express your emotions and your needs to me at any time. My adult self will help take care of it.  But the more that you actually dialogue with your inner child, the more you'll realize this is not unreasonable. This is something that a human being needs. And I can give that to my own self. And that is compassion. That is a form of self compassion that is very real and that you can take with you. Yeah, it's recognizing that part of yourself that's still present from childhood is creating these patterns that are coming up in relationships, communication, the way you see the world and recognizing that, hey, that operating system in that moment, I understand where it comes from. I understand how it gave you safety and security and love in that situation. It doesn't work in this moment. And I still care and love you. I think that you're capable, even if you're feeling this way, even if that insecurity is at its peak. Exactly. And I think that that is so important because our inner child is still operating in our adult selves, like all the time, and especially when we're stressed. And so if you're able to do this type of exercise, especially when you're stressed, you're basically saying, hey, it's okay.  Like they calm down, right? It's like they only get louder if they don't feel like they're being heard. So if you can say, hey, I hear you, like that might even be enough. If you're like, hey, I don't have any great ideas of how I'm gonna help you today, but at least I hear you and I accept what you're saying. That might be enough to get you through that next challenge.


purpose is to train the crews up on the weapon system, the LAV crew cohesion, the additional tasker of trying to read the way we do initial gunnery and the gunnery qualification. The purpose of this exercise is we're out here conducting semi-annual gunnery qualification. The purpose is to build crew cohesion and qualify a crew on the weapon system, the LAV 25. We're also test bedding and changing the way that we do the qualification process in second LA Arbitalian. I think the exercise went real well. We just restructured and solidified our TO. So a lot of the crews out here are brand new. As we got out start working through a lot of the internal friction points and kinks. Every day that we've been out here we've been progressing and getting successfully better. Me personally is really for my company. So as I mentioned before we're trying to change the way we do the initial qualification. So we kind of tweak the script in the course of fire a little bit. Really with the express purpose of driving decision points and decision making process, having the vehicle commanders fight not only his vehicle but use additional assets that he has available to more effectively engage targets as well as report up to you know conduct the constants and send reports up to higher. So the purpose of second LA Arbitalian is to conduct reconnaissance security operations in support of the GCE. We conduct reconnaissance surveillance and target acquisition missions as well as economy of force missions. We bring up armor heavy firepower as well as increased communication. So we bring an up armor asset with high mobility high fire power. But really more importantly is our ability to acquire targets conduct surveillance and reconnaissance and increase communication assets. From your perspective what's your favorite part about the job? Best part about this job is the Marines. So I get to work with some of the best people. Marines always always surprise you with their creativity. Anything goes wrong. There's someone that knows the answer or better way to do things. Hands down best part of my job is I get to work with the guys and gals that I get to work with. Best job I ever had. All right thank you. Tristan Swain Kirby and I am Lance Purple. I am a second LA Arbitalian. I am a driver. T-R-I-S-T-A-N Swain S-W-A-I-N Kirby K-I-R-B-Y. So what is the purpose of this exercise? The purpose of this exercise is to give our unit, second LA Arbitalian, a proper company its training and manning the gun, troubleshooting the gun if problems arise. Anything can happen in any situation. It's just good training for the gunners and drivers in B.C.s to adapt to any situation I may ever come. Me personally this is my first gunnery driving a 25 so there was a lot of experience driving while I was shooting and just getting a stable platform for my gunner to be able to hit his target. How do you think this exercise went? I think this exercise went outstanding for the conditions like whether that happened we've had rain past couple days but we still was able to get around that range and do what we needed to do. So overall I think the training exercise went perfect. So describe your duty. As a driver my duty is to well drive the vehicle but also keep a steady platform because any slight movement could cause the gunner to miss his mark. So I got to be especially watchful of the bumps, debris in the road, I maintain the vehicle itself, make sure I do my pre-checks which keep the vehicle running, like all stuff like that, standard checks. From your perspective what's your favorite part of the job? My favorite part of the job, I would say the shooting part, watching things explode. Pretty part of the typical answer but it's always fun just having a big gun and seeing things explode. No, that's all.