YouTube team keep it clean. What's going on? It's engraving here with another video Fans what's going on is NFL here with another game? And yes, it's it's official. This doesn't come as a shock or as a surprise to anybody We all knew this 17 game schedule was coming We knew it was on the way But by last year when they added those two playoff teams We knew that 17 game schedule was literally like right around the corner right around the corner and Trust me. This is not it. This is just a prelude shout out to NBA 2k. I was just playing that But this is just a prelude to the 18 game schedule, but we got a little ways for that That's we got a couple years at least a couple years for that one But you know the 18 game schedule is gonna be on the way Because what the NFL has almost done? They forced themselves to make it an 18 game schedule because right now you got a 7 a 17 game schedule But then a lot of teams could start complaining and could be like, whoa, what this not fair. Well, that's not fair Well, who was who was determined to be the home team in the away team in that last game of the season? Who gets that and why did they get that? Wait a minute? That's not fair that this team gets nine home games This team only gets eight. That's what's that about? So then the NFL can be like, oh, you know what? That's right. So let's add an 18 game So it's nine and nine Fair there we go. We fixed the problem even though with 16 games. Anyway So the Ravens in their 17 game schedule the last team that they play is the LA Rams. I Don't know how that was determined. I don't know why it was determined Ravens will be the home team for that game But they will be going up against the LA Rams and it looks like the NFC West is playing the AFC North because the Seahawks take on the Steelers The Rams take on the Ravens. The Cardinals take on the Browns and the 49ers take on the Bengals So NFC West comes to pay AFC North a visit at the crib and we'll just see how that goes Now that already adds that that's a tough game in itself I mean Rams already have a very good defense and of course their team is not being done being constructed And they are obviously added Matt Stafford still got Robert Woods or still got Cooper cup So they gonna be they gonna be some they're gonna be some definitely all that defense. They got that former Ravens cornerback What's the dare Williams? I think and they got that should have been Ravens cornerback Jalen We don't need to get into that. So Ravens schedule it was already determined who Ravens opponents were but now they got that little bonus opponent Because of course, they play the Steelers twice Browns twice Bingles twice. So you take the AFC North and some other home games that they have They play the Colts. They play the Chiefs They play the Chargers the Packers and the Vikings. They play all those games at the crib So those are those are their opponents in their way games We already talked about the AFC North, but their other away games are the Raiders the Broncos the Bears the Lions and This last opponent is actually another Ravens home game because like I told y'all many y'all already know These yeah, they are the Baltimore Ravens, but they really the Florida Ravens.  That's it. That's it so if Benjamin Victor or Dion came say for instance, those two are on the the practice squad I say Ravens be petty and elevate them just for that game Elevate them just for that game. Of course Lamar Hollywood Man No, I love the Florida Ravens man. You already know but anyway this whole this this 17 game schedule NFL they continue to talk about We're actually they kind of toned it down recently because I think maybe people caught on but anyway NFL would always talk about Oh, we're about player safety. It's about player safety Hey, you guys want to complain about all these penalties that we're adding in the game. Well, guess what? It's not about you. It's about the players and it's about the safety of our players That's why we add these penalties the the defenseless receiver penalty. That's why a running back They couldn't truck. They couldn't lead with their head. That's why defender They can't tackle with the crown of their helmet. It's so many penalties, but it's to protect our players So get this so what we want to do Because we add so many penalties and all these rules to protect our players So what we really want to do to protect them even more is have them out there on the field for an additional game in Additional 60 minutes going head-to-head with each other because we care about player safety so much You feel me. I Think you do It just it doesn't make any sense like whatsoever and of course, you know the NFL I think another reason why they added this whole 17th game is Because of money again NFL bottom line NFL is a business It's a business and what are businesses in this thing to do? What are businesses in business to do to make money? That's what they ended to do to make some money Now with that being said This past season. I think this past season Really sort of pushed the NFL. I mean, we were gonna get the 17 games anyway But this past season really pushed the NFL to be like, okay, let's do it right here right now I'm sure this was something that's been in the works because NFL doesn't just come up with these Decisions like this randomly like oh, they don't wake up one day.  Let's add a 17 again. No, it doesn't happen like that Now with some of the calls that you see in some of the NFL games sometimes It seemed like them refs wake up one day and be like, you know what I just got to get this defensive holding call out of my system I don't even care if it's close, but that's beyond a point So NFL, this has obviously been something that's been in the works for a while, but I really think that last season Really pushed this and just really had NFL the owners and executives It had them make it up in their mind like, okay, we're going through with it this year Why because last year due to the entire pandemic they did while they did still make a lot of money NFL still made a bootload of money They could have made even more had they had a regular amount of fans in the stadium They could have made tons more money, but unfortunately due to the pandemic they didn't So they they lost that on a lot of money But now you add a 17 game So that's again, that's what you got the TV deals to now Don't forget about that because that's even more sponsorships That that that's even more TV time That's even more fans going to those games because you know like week one It's gonna be fans at all the stadiums. You already know it is they're gonna be fans at all the stadiums Whether there is they are packed or Whether they do space style to what it's probably gonna be packed It's probably gonna be ready because you see like airlines. They've been going crazy recently Restaurants they regular again. It's so much. Well at least down here in Florida down here in Florida like Everything if it was up to Florida everything would be packed That's what I always call people from Florida crazy But everything would be packed like because that's how it is right now It like if you South Florida at least I don't know about North Florida But South Florida if you go driving around you will see like everything looks normal Only thing is different that people got masks. Well, some people got the mask on but Everything's open. So I think with NFL It's gonna be wide open with them, too But they're gonna try to not only recoup the money that they lost last year But try to make even more on top of that.  Yeah Why not and they still gonna have that extra playoff game, too So, yeah, man, they this is definitely gonna be about a big bounce back year for them And I think that cap it is they're definitely gonna be able to put it way up like way up Now usually every year it goes up by about I think I want to say 10 mil I think make based off of how much money they could possibly make this season Then they may even go up by like 12 mil now, of course, that would be sort of playing catch-up to this year since it dropped But I think the increase from the cap the salary cap from this year to next year It's gonna be like said very very significant and more significant than it normally is Because of all this money that the NFL is gonna be making because I know they just signed a new TV deal And now they agree to all the Super Bowls until like I Want to say till like 20 30 maybe 20 31 maybe even 20 34, but They they like they they got the bread coming in me. So That's that man. It's for anyway, I guess it is what it is Ravens versus Rams again, and I mean the last time we saw Ravens versus Rams. It was pretty good. I Enjoyed it. I know a lot of y'all did too But yeah, that was a beautiful game So I wonder how they gonna like really Designate the time slots and everything for when each team plays the game and just I'm not an NFL schedule maker. So I'm just a fan. So I just sit back wait and see how it goes Anyway, team keep it clean appreciate y'all. I love y'all and just like a 16 game schedule is with the NFL now I'm out


इराडिय कोई गुई अगीसा जीना काचाlo अस मेरे अश्बा काचा कराजाऻ गुई अश्बा कोई विए अच्चान काचा। इर्चान श्विए बालेटी अखाए सईद कराजाऻ कता. अर्ट्याग और्चा़ के वीशाविए शाश्वलीकाच कराचा। तरीथा लिए अगर भाढा कि सी की आपिकाली भी जी करुठ़ा create of all the data U officers of description Commission so we worked out several methods of describing the data so that one can easily understand what is the data all about and what does it contain. So we presented here some of the measures of giving such description one of them is a numerical descriptors such as measure of central tendency. of dispersions which is range, variance, interquartial range etc these are all numerical descriptors then we also presented some of the graphical descriptor such as histogram, box and whisker खड िर एककूरfox ख़्गे � discuss ख़्गे ख़्गे ख़्गे ख़्गे खच मेंちゃん Но आcil और आ 수가 ख़म देर में him कू वज संद, ऑत, नब skin ङे, � lead, ट्य्र deer на ट्य्र, ट्य्र जख्र वि preliminary तरंो उआशा और आशा ब ठ़श्कर कि द trivia आश sitcom, शप् sự ऴाचा of different variables and also it can help us if you have a prior knowledge what the data really represents then you can have different measures of describing data. We will see that as we went ahead as we go ahead with this course and if necessary we will have it as an appendix or an additional recording where we will show you some of this special kind of data description methods that we use. However what is presented here is the most common methods of exploratory data analysis as it is also been called. The same method is also known as storytelling in the data science parlance because in order to make people understand what is the data you have to tell a story about the data and therefore the world has come storytelling but it means the same thing. Today what we plan to do is we want to formally introduce probability through some definitions such as events and sample space the three basic postulates of probability conditional probability base theorem and independent events particularly base theorem in today's world of data analytics is playing a major role we will talk about it when it comes to that. So let us begin we all live in the world of chance what is happening now is only I know I mean this is our Indian philosophy you know what is now and you do not know what is coming up in future. So future is always a probabilistic and uncertain event and whatever happens it happens due to several circumstances and therefore we say that we live in the world of chance. So occurrence of any event that you can think of in day to day life is there is a probability associated with it. Outcome of any experiment let us come back to the world of material science and materials engineering and the world of experimentations. We can say that outcome of any experiment has an element of probability attached to it. Generally speaking we count it in this way that we take it as a ratio of the number of event specific outcomes divided by total number of all possible outcomes. We will elaborate on this also briefly and in future. So then let us start with some formal definition of this event and the samples. So we say that an experiment can result in different outcomes or there is a spelling error here we have to say outcomes even though it is repeated under the same manner every time it is called a random experiment. This you must have experienced right from the day you started doing physics experiment or chemistry experiment in the small high school laboratories. Set of all such possible outcomes of a random experiment you pick up a random experiment and consider a set of all possible outcomes that come out of this random experiment is called a sample space of the experiment and it is generally denoted by capital S. We say that S the sample space is discrete if it contains all finite or countable infinite set of outcomes. Suppose we are conducting an experiment of counting number of atoms that comes out of 3D FIM then they are the number of atoms and therefore it is countable set and therefore S the event space becomes a discrete. S is continuous if we say that the outcome is contained in an interval of set of real numbers. So now an event we have defined as sample space we are defining an event. An event is a subset of a sample space S we generally denoted by E, A, B some of the capital letters in our capital alphabets. So union of two events E1 and E2 is denoted by E1 union E2 as shown here intersection is denoted thus and the complement of the event is all the elements in S that does not belong to the event is called the complement of E. So if we want to draw a picture we can make use of Venn diagram. Generally the sample space is denoted by such a rectangle it is S this is what I called an event E. Then the E complement is everything that is in S but not in E this is called E complement. So this area is called E complement. If E1 and E2 are mutually exclusive what we mean is that there is the interaction between E1 and E2 is null set. This is E1 and this is E2 again in a sample space S then the interaction between E1 and E2 is null set and therefore it is called then in that case E1 and E2 are called mutually exclusive. Of course we know from the set theory that a complement of a complement it is the set itself. So next we come to the three postulates of probability. Probability of event A is a function of events that is function from a sample space to a space 01 that is I can write it here that probability is a function from a sample space to the interval 01. In such a way that probability of any event is always greater than 0 because it lies between 0 and 1. Probability of complete sample space is 1 the occurrence of the all the events in the sample space or any of the events from the sample space from us any experiment that probability is 1. And if A1, A2, A3, An and so on are finite or infinite mutually exclusive events of S then the probability of union of all of them is a probability of sum of all of them. These are called the three basic postulates of probability. Now from this we can derive a few things. It is very obvious that probability of A complement is 1 minus probability of A because A complement union A is the full sample space S and the probability of full sample space S is 1 and probability of an A complement and A are mutually exclusive obviously. Therefore probability of A complement is 1 minus probability of A. Probability of null set is 0. If A is discrete then probability of A is the sum of probability of individual outcomes comprising A. So, if it is a discrete and it has several outcomes in it then it is sum of all the it actually follows from this particular postulate. From this third postulate the third point here that if A is discrete then A probability of A is sum of probability of all individual outcomes is derived from the third postulate. If an experiment result in any one of the n equally likely outcomes then if event A comprises of n such individual outcomes then probability of A is n divided by N. Remember that this exactly talks what we talked in the very first few slides. You recall this are the same things I am saying that probability of an event is the number of event specific outcomes and this is what it is defined what is event specific outcome. So, if an experiment result in any one of the total number of n equally likely outcomes and if event A comprises of only small n of such outcomes and probability of A is n small n divided by N. Probability of A union B now we are not assuming that they are mutually exclusive then it is equal to probability of A plus probability of B minus probability of A intersection B. This you can see that A intersection B actually occurs several times. So, if you take your sample space S and this is A and this is B this is A and this is B and this is your sample space A then it says that when you take a union of this A and B together this is A union B then when you count the probability of A union B it is a probability of A plus probability of B and you can see that probability of A intersection B gets counted twice. So, it has been removed once now we come to the next stage. So far we have been talking that you have a sample space that is let us draw a Venn diagram there is a sample space S and within it there is an event A. In real life number of times we do not know or we have very little information about the sample space S but we are aware that actually there is an event B which has occurred also within the sample space S. So, what am I saying is that you we do not have the knowledge of sample space S as a whole but within the sample space we know that an event of B has occurred the event B has occurred and then we want to learn something about probability of A then of course we would not know the whole probability of A probability of A is this whole area but we are aware of only that the event B has occurred we do not know how does the whole event space S look like and therefore all the knowledge of A comes from this particular intersection and that I will make it dark. This intersection is the area of which we have an idea because we know B and we know that A has occurred it means that we are aware of only A intersection B when this happens if you want to find out the probability this kind of a probability is called a conditional probability conditioned upon the fact that you only know about the event B. So, probability of A given this line is to be pronounced as probability of A given B is equal to probability of A intersection B divided by the probability of B. In other words we are sort of replacing the whole sample space S only by the sample space B the set B sample space remains S but we have only knowledge about B and therefore we are looking at it. Another way of looking at the same situation is that you may know everything about sample space S but we are interested in finding out what is happening to event A when the event B has occurred. So, this situation can come up let us see what kind of an example could that be shall we say that we are looking into the big set of certain kind of alloys but we know that only certain alloying elements is what we are interested in and then we want to learn certain property. So, this property A is talking about property of the alloy when all elements are present but we do not have any idea we only know that when is some elements are present which is given by B we know the property of A and then what is the probability of that property occurring we cannot talk in terms of the whole sample space S we have to talk in terms of only spend sample space B. This is called conditional probability and this is a simple simplification of it if you take this denominator to the other side you get that probability of A intersection B is probability of A given B multiplied by probability of B and this can also be probability of B given A multiplied by probability of A this is simple mathematics one can check it out by themselves and therefore for any event A we know that probability of A is probability of A intersection B plus probability of B intersection probability of A intersection probability B complement any event of A can be described as B intersection A and the B complement is this area this is B event so this is the complement of B area so B intersection A will give you this area and B intersection sorry B A intersection B complement will give you this area and B intersection A will give you area and put together they make a whole of an A is what is written here and therefore now we can say that probability of A is probability of A given B multiplied by probability of B plus probability of A given B complement multiplied by B complement probability of B complement sometimes this is called total probability rule this is not used commonly but it is better to know that sometimes this is called total probability rule now from this we come to a very important theorem which is known as Bayes theorem it is very interesting that Bayes theorem was discovered by Thomas Bayes sometime in 18th or 17th century I think it was 18th century but I might be mistaken it might be 17th century and today in the 21st century we find an extreme use of it and it has become a very important theorem when we were in the college and we were studying this Bayes theorem we had to create artificial problems to understand it but today it is the applications is available in abundance and it is it is in fact most commonly used analysis which is known as Bayesian analysis will touch upon it in this course also but this what is this Bayes theorem so consider the two events A and B and they are independent only if some of the conditions are true this comes from the conditional distribution so if the probability of A given B is probability of A and probability of B given A is also probability of B and probability of A intersection B is probability of A multiplied by probability of B any of these three conditions is met then we say that events A and B are independent events now we come to Bayes theorem you recall the previous slide let us recall in the previous slide we have that probability of A intersection B is equal to probability of A given B multiplied by probability of B which is same as probability of B given A multiplied by probability of A this has been used in a different way here so in other words you can say that probability of A given B multiplied by probability of B is probability of B given A multiplied by probability of A it is just played around with we can say that probability of A given B is probability of B given A multiplied by probability of A divided by probability of B looks very simple but this gives a very important information let us assume or let us imaging that you have to you have certain data B okay B is your data which is given to you and A are certain parameters that describes the data that describes the data now this parameters are called estimates data is the reality parameters we obtain by what is known as estimates we will learn about this in more details in future but then these are the parameters and these are its estimate data is the reality data is the reality because you have observed it so now the data keeps coming to you if it is a real-time data it keeps coming to you it gets augmented so your reality becomes larger and larger so how do you improve upon your estimates based on this larger getting reality that is what it says A is a parameter if you estimate using B then it is same as the probability of data given the parameters in terms of probability of parameters and probability of data this becomes an iterative treatment which can be written as probability of one iteration the next iteration of parameter estimation come out from the same data given the previous estimator probability of the previous estimator divided by probability of data please remember that this k runs from one to onwards so you have some initial idea say you are working with data on rainfall and you have an initial idea that generally the rainfall in this area is so many percentage or if the average rainfall is so many millimeters then you get the latest data from the latest data that is using the previous estimator you come up with the latest data to give you the estimator for the new data that is from the base data you can come up with the new data and this is called base theorem so it means that it actually gives you an opportunity to improve upon your estimators we will go into details when we go upon the base theorem how it has gained importance today and why it was not there before base theorem application or Bayesian analysis is extremely data intensive you have to have lot of data in order to have application of base theorem with today's world of facebook google mobile phones etc etc the real-time data is increasing very fast even in the industry with the robotics playing its role artificial intelligence playing its role we generate a lot of data on any processing of metallurgical industry and when this data is generated the question comes that whatever parameters which we were estimating using this data can we improve upon it and that improvement comes from the base theorem and therefore in today's life base theorem has become very important as I said I repeat again we will talk about Bayesian analysis in in this course at a little end of the course so with this we let us summarize what we learned today we first introduced probability postulates based on the fact that every experiment has is run by chance it cannot give you the same answer all the time there is an error factor and there is a chance factor playing with it in order to control that we must have some idea of probability and therefore we introduced probability through certain definitions like event and sample space and then we introduced probability postulates we did little bit of algebra of probability that is you know what is the probability of the null set probability of sample space probability of A complement is 1 minus probability of A is what I call algebra of probability then we introduced the situation in which you may not know everything about the sample space but you may know about a particular event and you look into the whole other events occurrence in the light of this event which has already occurred which is called a conditional probability and based on conditional probability we defined what are known as independent events it means that whether that event occurred or not has no effect on the occurrence of the other event so if A and B are independent event events then occurrence of event B has nothing to do with the occurrence event A and finally we introduced quickly a Bayes theorem which as I said in today's world has gained a lot of importance and we will talk about Bayesian Atlantis is at the end of this course. Thank you.


It's the mat work. Narrative for an artist and like how important it was and like how it's separate from a brand but it ties into what your brand is. So um I kind of like went back and looked at some um certain artists like that may not be similar to me as far as music but they have like a narrative that I would like to kind of incorporate into my brand um and honestly the main one was like Russ because I really like um the underdog kind of story that he tells with um you know with everything but not not with the air of arrogance that he kind of brings with it so um I was wondering if you had any suggestions for like ways to kind of convey that message of um you know trying to come from the bottom as an underdog kind of thing um as a producer slash artist. Yeah I think I think of the like the simple answer is convey it and all of your content and even the way that you can talk to your fan base. So the the way that Russ gets it off the most is through I would say through like interviews and like doing like his own live so I mean like pretty much like putting out video like you see like we break it down to that point you know the most about Russ because the press speaks a lot. He talks about certain stuff that lets you kind of put an idea of like this is who that person is and then just I think the types of things that he speaks on is what's kind of giving him like that hope you know King of the underdogs type thing that he's really around with now um like how to convey that I don't think it is that straightforward because I like I couldn't tell you how I couldn't tell you specific content that Russ does to kind of put that out kind of like is that everything that we see from him um so I think like a lot of that just comes back through grassroots or ground level like content that feels like a face brand of you like starts to deal how to be able to put people to where they can put like your face to your name because it's a very like face brand with content people know what you look like right like very like we think of like Metro I don't know like San Diego like there are certain producers that are out toward their recognizable as people and they're recognized by people I think that kind of plays into it and then just as you build people off of that who like who don't care about that like care about who the producers and stuff like that and you just start to speak a lot and talk a lot and engage in the tone that kind of okay he's a real confident um he also gives our information that's you know helping the underdogs or I'm trying to think of how to like simplify in a way like a kind of general but like I think that's the that's the best way to explain it. I have a suggestion on how you can maybe relate it to generality of you could possibly the narrative of the industry like the major labels versus independent so you could be like oh I'm independent I'm the underdog I'm an independent artist fighting against these big makes the labels you shrewd for me because I'm the independent underdogs.  Right right and that's that's um like a really strong like sense that I want to kind of push like not necessarily specifically like independent versus industry but like how please big thing is like I can do this like whether I got the machine behind me or not kind of thing yeah and um yeah more humble like yeah yeah I was um actually thinking about we're not thinking I'm like 99% about to do like mini podcast series because I saw like um on one of Sean's videos like some months ago I had caught and saw like um how is it growing for my media and it's a good way to kind of connect with fans because um like we're all kind of fighting for attention and a lot of music listeners are going over to like the podcast space now and so um I was going to do like a mini podcast series that kind of like um giving more details and stuff about myself because a lot of people DM me like yo who are your influences yo what made you get started and I'm like well I could just kind of cover that with this and um yeah and also kind of like explain some of the music like have um guests on there that are like feature artists and stuff like that and kind of tell the story behind it because um but I didn't want to be like too underdog in that like because my story is kind of that like coming from like being homeless and you know all this dirty shit that happened to me where I had to like start over I didn't want to like keep beating people over the head with it where it's like all right it's episode three and you know now I'm telling you guys about um what I'm working on next but first let me remind you yo when I was homeless you know what I'm saying like I don't want to go too hard you know what I'm saying a lot of that is just like you know what I'm saying like don't try to think of your brand as it's just like a straight it's very straight it's straightforward that like your brand literally should I think people around like your personality and stuff that you would really talk about and generally feel about like that is a part of the story but it's not part of the story so you know what I'm saying just like in real life you wouldn't talk about that all the time the content you put out to the band should be the same way you know what I'm saying like if it comes up to the conversation if it's a driving point of a story or something that had to do with the song and yeah you bring it up and talk about that's how you let fans know but I agree with you like if it has nothing to do with the situation don't feel like you have to bring it up in my mind because that's I think those are the best ways that brands to build these different parts of the story or either drop them real or do different things in content life you have a song a line in the song is uh let's say you have a song that you worked on that's talking about it and like you said the podcast and where you break down the backstory behind so then people know what influence is part of the song what influence the story that is the song and then you have I know like a visual down the line you know what I'm saying that kind of portrays it like that's that's kind of how brand brand stories get told various kinds of stuff like you spread out to different people but you don't always talk about one thing right right okay but um that that really gave me um what I needed to hear because I'm like that like I want to I want to give this message but I don't want to be annoying with it to where like people don't be like oh yeah that's that's even if they like me like oh that's that one dude we're always talking about such and such thing you know and kind of working that line but um you saying it about like treating it like conversation and talking about what I would naturally talk about actually makes a lot of good it's the mat work


A member of the Red Lake Nation will serve as Republican Jeff Johnson's running mate in his bid for governor. Johnson added Donna Bergstrom to his ticket on Monday. The announcement with Bergstrom says improving education of Native American residents is a top priority. But she wouldn't say how she felt about the proposed Enbridge Line 3 pipeline crossing the Leech Lake Reservation or a GOP back push to nullify water standards meant to protect wild rice. Bergstrom is a Republican activist and a retired Lieutenant Colonel in the Marine Corps Reserve who lives in the Duluth area. Bergstrom ran and lost for a heavily Democratic Duluth State Senate seat in 2016, but Johnson says her lack of political experience is a campaign asset rather than a detriment. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Marines of the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit conduct humanitarian aid disaster relief operations as part of their pre-deployment certification exercise. The capabilities of the 31st Mu make it well suited for relief operations, highlighting the wide-ranging abilities of the Mu's Combat Logistics Battalion. The Combat Logistics Battalion has different unique capabilities. We can produce water, we have the ability to distribute water and fuel, produce electricity, also provide medical assistance. To test their capabilities in a simulated urban environment, Marines deliver relief supplies to a mock village populated by role-players from nearby units. Marine Sergeant Paul Robbins, Jr. Okinawa, Japan.


Welcome back to Business Insights. Now, Gospel, thanks for staying with us. The Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry, LCCI, has etched the federal government to take measures in response to the rising inflation and its impact on households. With the latest Consumer Price Index data released by the NBS, which indicates a continuous increase in inflation rates, LCCI recommends reducing taxes on essential food items. Gospel, do you share the LCCI stance on reducing taxes on essential food items to curb rising inflation? Well, LCCI represents the voice, the organized private sector voice of businesses in Nigeria. It's safe to say that some form of incentive has to go into the mainstream, considering the rising cost of doing business and the rising cost of living. So it's not just enough to say you're making it easier for businesses to run. You also need to make it easier for consumers to patronize, to buy, to facilitate that circular flow of money. There has to be a balancing out of how these incentives economy work. So I understand the position of the LCCI and it's a good position to take. Knowing fully well that at some point, we need to create relief initiatives that can help stakeholders along the value chain take on, because the idea is that if you relax taxation, it would also help, sort of like, you know, productivity help reduce the cost of business. Taking into account business and supply chain and raw materials are now more expensive. So it just means that you're taking the cost burden for the producer somewhere else on the value chain outside supply. So technically the assumption will be that once manufacturers or producers release the product, they can retain pricing per unit the same way they've always done, and not necessarily have to increase it because supply chain has increased. I didn't even know I mean so. That's the perspective I have to say the LCCI is coming from. However, it doesn't always happen like that, you know, because they've seen a huge lack of, you know, advocacy lack of data to measure up the impact of these policy proposals, you know, on the doing business landscape to a very large extent, you know. And we're also in the context where lots and lots of producers or businesses are thinking to make what we call abnormal profit. All right. You increase the price per unit of an item because raw materials have not been expensive or taxes have gone up. But regardless of what has gone up, you also double the price because you want to make enough window to have much cash flow into the business. And it's safe considering the volatile environment we are in right now in Nigeria, but it's still not the expected norm. Right. So if LCCI can take a step forward to, you know, lead some controls and regulatory processes around how these economies of reducing taxes to maintain profit and all that works, it's a good one. You know, I would say I would expect that the government would drive these reforms from a much more holistic perspective. Yeah. All right. As we run off now, Gospel, in May, headline inflation reached 202.41%, marking the fifth consecutive monthly rise while food inflation rose to 24.82% from the previous month of 24.61%. Well, the recent fuel subsidy removal, I'm sure that the figures for June would be higher. How do you mitigate all of that amidst the Naira Floats and the new foreign exchange regime? To be honest, Jay, it's a very complicated time. We are living in very complicated times and we are living in the core VUCA, VUCA reality, the volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous. First off is the need for the government to envisage. You need to create scenarios of what will happen. So what will happen when you take this policy, when you do that, when you don't do that. And secondly, how coherent are these policies to start with? One of the reasons why our inflation numbers really got this bad was, take for the central bank for instance, there were a series of incoherent policies that were further destabilizing the environment. So one policy has to be reinforced, the growth and development of the policy or the business environment, not counter, you don't want counter-intuitive or counterproductive policies to be mentioned. Secondly, you also want to avoid unnecessarily making policy announcements that could turn the market behaviour, that could influence market behaviour in general. That's what we saw in the subsidy case and all of these things have to be taken into cognizance. The Nigerian context is not very complex and very sensitive. Any wrong pronouncements or a relay of inconsistent policies will hurt the economy so bad and we'll get to see it in inflation and all the economic variables. So first off is the need to revise the layout of policies that must be executed to get Niger to the next level. But however, ensuring these policies are coherent, such that one is enabling, not disenabling the other. Number two is to also rework the behaviour, the language, the public speaking and all of that, the public officials do not make statements and assertions that could trigger market behaviour, namely that the market is like this is my defence. That can happen right now in the Nigerian economy, you want to avoid that. Number three is to carry all the necessary stakeholders along in full consultation and that's a bit relative again because many of the decisions Nigeria needs right now to enable reform and all that will be very hard decisions to make, which is why lots of planning and rigorous scenario planning has to go into these policy choices, these policy statements and how you even execute them. More importantly, the timing of the execution and who is executing. So if you can begin to take cognizance of all of these dynamics as we go into managing policies for reforms in the new administration, hopefully we can get to see some form of improvement. However, I do not see inflation going down anytime soon because the backlog of policies and pronouncements have been enforced where we are today and it's going to get worse because it's not just those policies of pronouncements, it's also the fear of what may happen as a result of what's currently happening. I didn't even figure what I'm trying to say. So again, arguments around tripping, arguments on abnormal profits and demand supply, you know, this Equilibrium and all that will also reinforce that fear of what may happen. Planning binds also on the table due to this subsidy conversation. I mean the exchange rate is going high, nobody really knows what's going to happen. That fear is also enabling new waves of price increase into the market. So we can see the impact, not just for today but in the future. So lots of things have to be considered if we must find any drastic or strategic change in the scheme of these complexities. All right, thank you so much, I'm Gospel Obelli for your time and of course all of the useful insight that you always share. Would you appreciate them? Thank you Jay for having me. My pleasure. As we go on the show today, there is the need for professionals in the built environment to form strong advocacy against quackery and sharp practices that the tide of incest and building collapses in the country must be stemmed. Now these form part of the submission of stakeholders to the 13th edition of the Lagos Architect Forum. And this report, it brought together architect and other professionals to share thoughts on the theme, the city of Lagos, what is Lagos? My name is Justin Atadounia. I'll return again tomorrow and I'll leave you with details of that report. Bye for now. Lagos is the first capital of Nigeria known for its uniqueness as an economic hub, a high-flying business hub and a city that has long captivated people from all over the world. However, these architects have converged to share ideas and critical insights to effectively midwife a livable and sustainable Lagos state. We try to analyze the physical developments within the city of Lagos and see how we can get government to key into some of the suggestions that as professionals we think they should key into. When we talk of the thriving city in the world, these are cities that never sleep. What it is all about is to synergize, to interact with the private sector, the public sector. Lagos is the first capital of Nigeria known for its uniqueness as an economic hub, high-flying business hub and a city that has long captivated people from all over the world. However, these architects have converged to share ideas and critical insights to effectively midwife a livable and sustainable Lagos state. We try to analyze the physical developments within the city of Lagos and see how we can get government to key into some of the suggestions that as professionals we think they should key into. When we talk of the thriving city in the world, these are cities that never sleep. What it is all about is to synergize, to interact with the private sector, the public sector, the manufacturers, the suppliers of building materials. In recent times, incidences of building collapses have become recurring even with a CTS commercial as Lagos. As one wonders how these tight can be stemmed, government is advised to ensure monitoring as enforcement does not stop when approval is given. The professionals believe that state governments should domesticate a national building code as well as show political will to stop the menace. The building code actually has some compliance forms built into the document such that at various stages of the development of the building, you have relevant professionals signing off at different stages. Are we shining away from our responsibilities? Are we ready to take up our responsibilities? And to be honest with you, please be ready for more collapses because if we are not ready to do the right thing, then be sure that these tragedies will continue to occur. Until we can have a proper governance structure on the construction process where we start to track who designed, who supervises, what are the stages of construction, what are the stages of certification and it's available on a digital platform. This is why this is Lagos. The NIS shows that it will continue in its advocacy role as watchtowers to promote best practices in the building procurement process to avert ugly consequences of building failures and collapses.


Hey what's up everyone welcome to another video my name is Dylan and I'm a cycling coach at CTS and today we're going to be going into the science on how to raise your FTP.  I swear I'd rather downgrade to aluminum wheels than have to hear you read another study. All right guys if you want to hear some real advice you came to the right place I'll be answering your questions based 100% on my opinions as an avid group ride smack talker. We'll be talking about how to justify your poor race results why I never ride in zone one and my new protein supplement line and more so stay tuned. This channel is all about giving you the knowledge and advice that I've acquired by talking to the fast cat one dudes at the start of the group ride. I have to talk with them at the start of the group ride because I'm usually dropped by the end. If you want to learn how to be a mid-pack club rider who holds all the weird uncontested Strava segments within a 50 mile radius then be sure to subscribe. All right let's get into the questions. Andrew Vinn asks hey Dylan I have a question how reliable are FTP tests and how realistic is it that you can actually sustain your FTP for an hour. W W B H D D what would backwards hat Dylan do? Your FTP is also known as your fairy tale power and that's because whatever I tell you my FTP is is about as likely to be true as a fairy tale or that story that that old retro geezer who still runs v-brakes tells you about how he used to be fast when he was your age. Now your FTP is supposed to be the power number that you can hold for an hour but it's much more satisfying for my ego if I think of a time when I was much fitter and lighter and then think of what my best 20 minute power was from that time and then pretend like I can still hold that for an hour.  I mean really I just feel bad for those guys that actually win races spending all that time training and dieting just to win a pair of 26 inch tires that no one's used since 2008. Sure I trained for the same event and came away with nothing but a bruised ego and sore legs but at least I have balance in my life. Sam Kumar asks have you noticed that it takes more effort to ride slower than what your natural pace is because your muscles are trained and optimized for a particular effort and is most efficient at that effort anything else is a drag.  If one of the dudes from the local bike club were to pass me while I was doing a recovery ride I would never hear the end of it which is why I always ride kind of hard but not hard enough that I'm suffering. I like to call it the Goldilocks zone. I'm not training hard enough that I'm going to see any real improvement but at least I feel like I did something. Here's what a recovery day really looks like. I wake up completely smashed after a week of chasing Strava segments in Zwift races so I decided to take an easy day but by noon I've already consumed 3000 calories worth of donuts because my boss decided he wanted to reward us. Little does he know I'm trying to win bike races. Well not win bike races but get my cap for upgrade. Same difference.  So instead of riding recovery pace I ride at low endurance pace which ends up turning into zone 5 when some hips are on a fixie passes me. I don't care what the training plan says this is completely unacceptable. So by this point in the ride I realized that I've just screwed up this whole recovery day so I decided to just go ahead and chase a Strava KOM. No I didn't get the KOM but that's only because I'm really tired and I need an easy day. Next time I'll bring the aero wheels. Fernando Delgado says I'm a grinder I think but I'm training to become a spinner. Now I don't know what to do. You have to do whatever the last guy who won the Tour de France does. If he's a spinner you got to spin. If he's a grinder you got to grind.  Anything that a 60 kilogram pro who rides 25 hours a week does will also work for you as an overweight weakened warrior. This also goes for bike setup. Be prepared to ride in an unnatural and uncomfortable position to look more pro. The rule is that every spacer between your stem and your headset decreases your FTP by 10 watts and every spacer between your top cap and your stem decreases your group ride street cred by a factor of 10. If you have more than five spacers on either side then you don't even produce watts at that point and you probably enjoy other soft activities like commuting or bicycle touring or having a working back. Adam Shepard asks what's your take on alcohol consumption and performance? I see lots of people way faster than me drinking but then hear about how bad beer is for recovery. Thanks. The number one rule of training is that if someone's faster than you then they automatically know what they're doing. Now when it comes to alcohol consumption I did a quick google search and found this article about how beer is a great recovery drink. That's pretty much all I needed to hear. Forget the science about how alcohol impairs muscle protein synthesis and sleep quality. What's important is that this online blogger told me it was great so there you go. Rascal1234 says love your snarky impressions. A lot of them sound like stuff I used to say before I got a coach. Wait is he is he talking about me? Ben Parman says I don't know seems like the whole video was just a plug for cupcake flavored hypergain beast mode mass gainer raw addition. Thanks for reminding me Ben. Today's video is sponsored by hypergain beast mode. Now I do like their raw addition mass gainer but lately I've actually been taking their way too jacked way protein after rides. When you take it you can actually feel your muscles fill with all the FDA unregulated dairy byproducts to activate the 30 super aminos to get you into hyper compensation mode. Don't worry this is all backed by science and by science I mean my crossfit friend who's super jacked swears by it. I recommend the raw addition mass gainer the way too jacked way protein and their new product the protein ultimate flex which all come in chocolate vanilla and of course cupcake flavor. Ion says geez man 12 minutes and all you're telling me is that I have to ride harder longer faster better to raise my FTP. I was hoping there was something I could just buy instead. Thanks for nothing. When training fails you or you inevitably had a long day at work but are in fact just too lazy to get out and go ride the solution is always to buy something that'll make you faster. A good place to start is wait. Any bike related purchase can be justified if it's lighter than the one you currently use. For example that carbon rails saddle may be $400 but how much lighter is it? 20 grams worth it. This also applies to aerodynamics. If a product is more aero then you gotta have it on your bike. Now unlike with weight it's harder to measure aerodynamics so you're just gonna have to take the manufacturer's word on this one. If they say that a helmet can save you 40 seconds over a 40 kilometer TT then that's probably correct I mean what reason would they have to lie? Alex asks currently locked into an epic KOM battle with a local Fred. We're taking the segment back and forth from each other in one second increments mainly due to wind conditions. Basing all my workouts and fitness objectives around this rather than my A-race. Any pointers to help me crush my A-race? If I've said it once I've said it a thousand times. Strava is the only race that matters and your success as an athlete is determined by the number of kudos that you get on a ride. For this particular situation I would just think of a really good excuse for why you didn't do well at your A-race. Like for example you peaked too early or you had a bad start or you didn't have the right tires or gear choice these usually work. Then focus all your energy on that KOM. You want to go out there in a full skin suit, aero helmet, TT bars and if you can get a fast friend to lead you out into the segment that's great.  If they know anything they'll respect the KOM and get immediately out of your way. Thanks for watching I hope you guys found this information enlightening. Be sure to give this video a like, share it with a friend and subscribe and leave your questions for me down in the comments section. I'll answer them whether I know what I'm talking about or not.


Samantha. Thanks for being here virtually even. Today I will be talking about the power of the bagging and my idea is to not only show you a few tricks but how you can use these tools to go beyond just the bagging. So my journey with the bagging started several years ago back in college. I didn't know coding before that and my professor's philosophy was mostly to teach us the abstracts of programming and not so much the tools. That meant that we were left to figure those things out by ourselves so in my case in the beginning I would use no parts program and yeah that meant doing everything manually. Now I'd love to say that it took me just a little bit to learn about all the other tools that I could use to make my experience easier but one year later I was still programming in Notepad and just with a different language. Back then when I didn't know what was happening with my app when there was a bug or it was just like exploding not functioning at all I would add a printf that is like an equivalent for a console log and when I had like zero idea where my code was breaking I would literally just add printfs everywhere like one per line of code. Thankfully after a while I did learn about IDs and bagging tools and this was from the days that I would code in .NET and use Visual Studio for the bagging. One of the things that I miss the most about that debugger is being able to just keep lines of code. The professor still doesn't have it I guess it's a difficult feature to have but it was super helpful. Nowadays I'm a work developer mostly so I spent most of my day my working day on the browser and the bagging tools that I use are the ones that come with the browser. I also use the editor of course but yeah a lot of my time is spent here. So let's start with some of the challenges that I faced in like all-by-years coding and I will walk you through them and like we can see how the bagging tools help us through this. So one of the challenges that we usually face is mostly the difference between debugging or handling issues in development versus production so in development you actually have access to the code and you can change things and sort of see how they behave and in production that's not not as easy but we still have things we can do. So to demonstrate this I have a buggy app and let's say I have this application that is asking me a math question. I answer it and it's saying oh you have like it's not the right answer and I'm like I'm pretty sure that's the right answer. So if you've worked on this app and you know probably where is the issue happening so you would usually just go to like your editor and you go okay yes I know this error is happening on this component I can just add a bugger here and save and sort of start debugging oh first to answer that's where the error is happening and yeah you can step through the code see why is that working then I'm like oh actually I shouldn't have parsed the answer as an integer because it's not always going to be one then you can go back to your code fix the issue and go on with your life. Another way to do this would be to just add a breakpoint on the actual source here on the browser. Now if you ever look through the sources tab of your Ember app you will see that you have here like where your page is located and then you have an asset folder and this assets folder is going to have all the JavaScript and also CSS and other assets but what we care about here is mostly the JavaScript and you will find folders for the Ember framework that's like this Ember folder, Glimmer, also Ember, Testing, this add-on tree output folder will actually contain all the code for every add-on that you have including your app so if you never ever need to actually debug that code you can just walk through there and open it and add breaking points. Now let's say I hadn't put a breakpoint here I had everything closed you will find always a folder that has your app name in it and inside you will see all the app code mapped pretty much as you see it on your computer in development and I can just go where I know the issue is and also put a breakpoint answer and yeah we go back to like to the same point and we can see the same thing without having to change our code and reload the app. You can also find here a few other things that help you in debugging. I'm not going to go through all of them but yeah mostly you can watch variables to see how they change you can see where you close like the stack trace. Here you can actually see the variables we have declared and you can even change their value so let's say I want to make this code pass just because I want to continue working on the app and I just change it there you can see the breakpoint and yeah several other stuff so here now I've changed my solution just so the code can pass and I yeah just resume and hey we can continue like working on the app. Now this is perfect and it's easy to see in production sorry in development but the actual question is how do we find the same thing when we're in production and we don't have our code mapped that way so let's see the same app opened in a production environment if I go to the sources tab I see the assets folder also but I don't see like all the folders mapped and I have four files here the one that has your app name and a fingerprint will be the one that has all the app code so everything you've developed and you'll see a vendor's file that has all the framework code so everything related to ember every add-on you have added external libraries that may not be add-ons and the same thing for the CSS like you have one for your styles so yeah it's here my styles and you have one for styles that are added by add-ons like I don't have any here so it's empty now how do you find the code to the bag here in production you will see that even though it this is a mini file file and like yeah you don't actually have all the variable names you still have some strings that name the modules that we have declared so you can see for instance you can find the adapter you can see here a component definition actually this is a manager but here a component if you want to see it in a nicer way you can just click the pre-defy like let's go back here this icon and this will generate like a different tab but it has the same code but prints are nice printed nicely so you can actually find it easier and debug it so our issue here what's happening in components so we can just search for the name of the component we want to debug now you will see a lot of this is an initialization initialization code that's a hard word and if we keep looking we will eventually find the like our functions here you can see you have the evaluate answer and this is pretty much the same code we did back it before just format it differently and we can also set a break point there just write this thing and in this case I can still access the variables and let's say I want to just change this one to make the code pass and I can just go set the value I want and I know the comparison would work now and I can just continue yeah and that's how we can pretty much is the same thing we did in development but here in production so back to our slides a small recap of this section you can usually do all the bagging on the sources tab without changing your code you can just set break points there you will find while you're in development the app structured pretty much as it is in your computer you can access the scope section to view the value of the variables you have and also change them if you need to and just remember that in production this script will be all in one file but you can do the pretty formatting and also debug there so next what happened when we have external libraries and how can we debug them in case issues like sometimes issues will not be your fault they will be actually someone else's code yeah going back to our app I'm going to remove the break point here close this and I'm going to try to go to this level and I can see an error and we look at the message it's not like we know it's happening in the route but the message itself is not saying much and yeah the stack trace is not that helpful either so sometimes one of the issues that we have with Ember is that you will see a lot of the internal code in your stack trace and you may not actually find where the issues beginning but in this case we know it is happening when we try to navigate to the route so let's just open that route here so here I have my model and I'm using this is like the instance of an external library that I'm using to load the data I can set a few break points like maybe it's failing when I initialize it maybe it's failing there maybe failing here who knows now you step through it that part works this is actually a promise I need to sort of continue and my code is not actually stopping here so I guess it's failing inside this method so let's just try to step inside it here so now we are on the actual definition of the function on the library and we can step through it and oops now I find found the issue it's not like something on my code so I can just go to like the GitHub of that person and say hey you have a bug no joking like yet you can do that but let's just see what are other options we have here one of the things that I can do on the sources tab it is actually change the code and save it and this will allow me to try this function as without change so I commented that line of throwing the exception and I can just skip it yeah and now I get the results I wanted cool so one thing that I would like to point out here is the difference between add-ons and external libraries like this is an npm library that I'm importing through ember out to import and here like on the sources tab I will find it below this little cloud that is ember out to import and like the differences add-ons I will actually found find them in this other folder but you can still see like put the code of both type of libraries so yeah like if you want to back any of these other libraries you can just open them at a break point somewhere and see what happens if you're curious to see how something works yeah so I think that's it for this case let's go back to our slides there so just to recap yeah sometimes you will find issues that are not exactly on the code but on third-party libraries and don't be afraid to step in them like this was a very simple example but sometimes it will help you find where the actual error is coming from so for instance this talk was inspired because we had a similar problem production where we were interacting with our party library and the error message that we were getting was not helpful at least not for them like they couldn't reproduce the issue we were having but we didn't know exactly what was your original error and we had to sort of pair debug from someone else's computer while having the code introduction and by using both the formatting of the ember code and then being able to step on the actual library we managed to find the original error message and that's something we could use to actually contact like the third-party library that was used by another third-party library and give them the information they needed to fix the issue so sometimes you will step into code that will look weird to you you don't have to understand it like I don't understand most of the code I stepped into that it's not mine but you may still find the information you need even if you don't really understand the code or you don't really get to fix the issue you can edit on-site just as I did if you want to try something yeah like change the code a little bit maybe you want like something spelling a specific point but you actually need to see what happens afterwards yeah like this can work also just remember the difference between where the add-on code lies versus the infirm library code now the third challenge I want to walk you through today is what happens when you have an app and someone reports an issue but that's not something you actually developed it happens a lot I guess in every developer's life that you end up coding in an app that you didn't started from scratch and sometimes especially when you're new in a project that can be like super hard to figure out especially because people really want to fix you to fix the issue and you're like where do I start so let's go back to the app I'm going to go through my third example here now let's say I have this memory game like I think I don't know if you all know it but it's basically you have to like guess or remember where the cars were and when you have to that fail we actually want them to like turn back as they did but don't we don't want them to like take that long really like because we cannot do anything so let's say your manager comes and says yeah I have this issue I don't know why it's happening but I want it fixed by yesterday you're like oh I actually didn't develop this thing now we have the amber inspector and one thing that I like to use it for is learning a new app especially this view is very helpful because even if you don't will like you don't know straight away where things are you can at least see what components make this thing and you can actually start to figure out where you should start looking for like possible issues so here I know I have like my route and then link to that's not what is happening maybe it's not related I guess then I have a big component called memory game and several memory cards component one cute thing that I figured out just recently is that you can actually click here and you will be taken to like that instance of the component this the amber inspector has a lot of helpful tools I won't walk you through them today but you can find other talks and actually the guys I had a lot has a lot of information yeah so you can learn how to use these tools they're very helpful so now I know how my components are called and I can for instance say I have a feeling that the memory game is the one that is causing us issues so I can go to sources tab again and I can go to components and open memory game and yeah all this initialization code I can see the template here yeah it's pretty interesting to see I can see my properties being initialized and I continue looking and I have a hint like I have a function here called call card click that receives a card so I'm going to add a bugger here and see what happens so yeah now I'm checking that the unflip cards funny name is not running I'm comparing two cards I only have one I set it to flipped I set my flip card to it then I ask if the game passed so yeah that works fine now I have this unflips card and it steps through it and I can see that the cards didn't match and I got to call this task and this is a number concurrency task yeah this is just a hint like I sort of know some of these properties and I sort of I think this is a task and we can try like stepping into it whenever you step into this is actually amber code for getting like when you get to need to get property of something so like we're getting this task from the component we don't want to actually step into that so we can step out and go back yeah we don't want to go for that one either now if you try to again step into it you will actually be taken to code that is for amber concurrency now the thing is we won't really see like where the task is fine but I really want to actually debug the task itself not I'm better concurrency code in this case I'm just going to put a debugger here and one way to do this because we can try to find these cards and yeah it's like I cannot find the actual code so when it's like you're having a hard time finding the actual definition of a function you can use this thing that the crum tools do is like you take like here is the task and the actual function for the task is this one and whenever you have a function you will add the function location and I link to the actual file so we can click there and now I can actually debug that one and yeah now I see oh actually where's have this big number here like we probably want to have half a second not five seconds now if we want to as we did before and just edit it yeah we go back we try it and it's not not really working now the reason why these doesn't work as it did when we changed the other case is because this file is actually the source map is not the actual JS file for your app now how do we find the actual JS file let's close number let's close this one now here you will find a JS file with your app's name if you open it you will see that it's similar to what the one we saw in production but actually not minified and you can also find this memory card component here sorry so it's the same code and this thing like if we want to debug this one you'll notice that it will take you to the source map file that is because it's actually easier for you to debug that one but if you want to actually make changes to just try it out you need to do it on the whole file so we should find that big number we want to change so here we have the task you can try changing it and then now you see like we can actually see it work so a small recap use the inspector like there's a lot of information you can get from your app from there and it will help you especially in the beginning of a project that you don't know to figure out the models you have the structure of a page and a lot of other things if you don't know where a function is defined and you haven't a far time figuring it out but you do have access to the instance you can always go to the function location and remember that if you need to edit something to just try it out you should you should do it on the actual app file and not on the source map now other talks that you can see that will have a lot more information related also to debugging and also to amber debugging are listed here also don't forget to read the guides there's a lot of information there both for Chrome tools Firefox tools and the inspector thank you for listening again my name is Samantha I'm a software developer from Simplats and hope you had a nice time


This final video is going to look at a little bit around the importance of buffers in natural systems. And it's good for you to have a number of different examples that you can use in order to describe and apply the use of buffers to different natural systems. So one natural system that we can talk about is human blood. The pH of human blood is usually around about 7.4. But one of the important things that's happening to blood is the rise and fall of carbon dioxide levels. Now even if you don't study biology as well as chemistry, you would know I'm sure from your junior days that carbon dioxide is a very important byproduct of respiration. It is something that is produced in all of the body's cells because it is part of the process of producing energy. It's also exchanged in the lungs so that the carbon dioxide leaves the body through the diffusion across the walls of the alveoli and leaves every time we exhale. So there are places in the body where the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher and there is a diffusion gradient created as the carbon dioxide moves from a place of high concentration to lower concentration. And the same thing there are places in the body where the concentration of carbon dioxide is quite low. The problem with carbon dioxide is that when it interacts with the liquid part of the blood, the plasma, there's a lot of water in there and therefore we can actually get weak carbonic acid. This acid here is a product of the reaction between carbon dioxide and water. Of course the other thing that we know about carbonic acid and also carbon dioxide and water is that we have an interaction which involves hydrogen ions or protons. So what we have here is the carbonic acid and the second of the reactions that you can see is the carbonic acid which is a weak acid and it's in equilibrium with hydronium ions or protons and the hydrogen carbonate, sometimes referred to as the bicarbonate ion. So this is well fine and good but what's the actual consequence of all of this? Well the problem is that increasing carbon dioxide, so if we have an increase in carbon dioxide then what's going to happen is that the equilibrium is going to shift to try and use that by using that it's going to push it in this direction which is going to increase the concentration of the hydrogen ions and therefore it's going to make the pH 4. Whilst we're looking for a goal of around 7.4, if it starts to fall below 7.4, we start to call it a condition known as acidosis. And beyond about 6.8 there are very serious consequences including potential death as a result of this fall of pH in the blood. So whilst there is an optimal pH there is also a range beyond which the body system just cannot cope. And likewise if we talk about drops in carbon dioxide then the shift may occur in the opposite direction, the concentration of H plus ions will fall and therefore we'll get a condition known as alkalosis which is too high a pH and as it rises up into these higher values it becomes just equally as much of a problem. So therefore it's very important that we have this buffer in the blood to try and ensure that any changes that are occurring are counted so that we can try and maintain a stable pH.


Okay, which chair which chair feels more doctorly for you Which that one feels more doctorly, but this one is giving me fuzzy vibes So I like this one. Well, this one actually matches my outfit. So I'm Actually a secret fear of mine that like everything that I say is like narcissistic, you know, like What do you prefer shane? This is Brady For shane, that's even a conversation itself. It literally is I have this conversation like how do you want to be called? Yeah, what do you want to be called because people are like you need to refer to me as missus I'm like, oh Yeah, that in itself would be like note right strips. We'll go back to that Hello there lovers and friends. Let's talk about today's video. Okay. It's long overdue and it's extremely necessary today I'm having my first ever official Therapy session and that just sounds mind-boggling to even say that out loud But that is the truth and I'm doing this video to hopefully inspire anyone who like me was on the fence for a very long time About seeking out professional mental help. Well, this is your wake-up call to go on ahead and just clear that fence jump over it And don't look back. This video is inspired by and also sponsored by a service called better help Which offers online professional counseling? Best of all, it's accessible. It's affordable. It's convenient And there's three there's four actually different ways you can interact with the counselor based on what your comfort level is Better help has only licensed and credentialed therapists who are on call waiting just for you They have all been certified by their state board. For example, my therapist Keondra Jackson. Hello, everybody My name is Keondra Jackson. I am a licensed marriage and family therapist here in the state of California I'm also known as America's number one relationship therapist I have been featured on so many different amazing platforms like the Emmy award-winning TV show the doctors BET Vice Fox, and I've been named by the Huffington Post as one of the top 10 black female therapists You should know I am have the privilege of being on so many amazing apps out there Especially better help which allows me to speak with people all over the state to get the benefits that they need for mental Health services that may not necessarily want to come to my office So have you ever got a therapy before I have gone a therapy listen everybody out there listen I'm gonna look into the camera for this one. If your therapist does not have a therapist. Please run I always tell people that when I was looking for my therapist seven years ago I went through seven different clinicians before I found the right person right do not give up Because it might take you seven times like me But on the seventh time you find somebody that you're gonna stick with for an eternity You know what I mean, and I wouldn't trade trade my therapist for the world I'm gonna ask you a fill-in-the-blank question. Okay therapy is for Therapy is for because I was about to say everybody right Like for sure therapy is for the person who Is experiencing something emotionally within them, and they're not sure what it is Something's going on internally, but you can't really pinpoint. It's just like I know I'm not myself. Yes That's who therapy is for which is I so parallel to what the doctor's for totally my stomach I don't look at this weird thing and aside with a gassy of late. Yeah, that's a perfect way of putting it Yeah, and I also think and I'm learning this for my personal life I think therapy is also for the people like us who have so many amazing things happening in their lives and Moving at light speed and you need to process it and you need to process it with someone Objective not your friend not your home girl not your family member who is all up in it someone That's like whoa, this is really amazing. How are you developing into the person that you're supposed to be it's not always about the negative You know people think like oh, I'm depressed.  That's the most important thing.   Yes, that's you not Mrs. Brady and all of that That's a new one I think my thing more, so it was like Shan versus Shannon Gotcha, which is a very weird distinction for me But like genuinely I've hated my name my whole life and I grew up spelling my name s-h-e-n-a-n Like why I'm just like just to make it something different And I remember I met this girl maybe like when I was maybe 20 and her name was Shan I was like just ninja. She's like no just Shan That's like I wish my name was just and and then I was like why can't it be and that's really what that first page Is about is really your identity so even some people get stuck on the ethnicity or the race because you're accustomed to the boxes Yeah, which gives me a chance to check absolutely, and so I liked that it was just like fill it in and then I'm like identity crisis Sometimes it doesn't give you the opportunity to say, you know what my mom is what half black and half white Right and my dad is Guyanese. Yes, so it allows me to learn more about you versus just checking those boxes I mean, there's not any box and lights. I think I neatly fit inside of like even career-wise So like that in itself was like a nice exercise. Awesome. Yeah So as I was looking through your questionnaire One of the things or two of the things that really stood out to me that I want to talk to you about is strengths and weaknesses Oh, yeah. Yes, you stated your strengths were bold smart funny Hardworking and thoughtful. Mm-hmm. Not only do I see as strengths, but I see as things that I want to be They're also goals. Okay. They're goals of mine that I have in mind when I talk to people So I want for no matter what if I walk away and someone's like smarts number one Mm-hmm. That's the most important thing to me in the whole entire world Mm-hmm. Someone walks away and says she's smart like that's that's mission accomplishing accomplished So tell me about these weaknesses. You also put bold as a weakness And you also put bold as a strength. So you put bold Unemphatetic and somewhat robotic. Yes. So that's very different than how I Imagine or how you present to be so tell me about You know a friend of mine nicknamed me Shanbot because really I I mean maybe you might actually relate to this in that I love like looking at the Macro versus micro. So if someone tells me specific I'm like, I'll lend it back to a behavior study that I read or something interesting that I found And if someone tells me a personal story often, I'm like statistically this many people can relate to what you're saying I'm a love it or hate it personality. I've got my whole life. I can relate to that in high school There's probably a pretty Depending on who you talk to I could be the worst person or the best person very rarely you need to be like Take it really but she's kind of there or not there. Yeah, you have a perspective on me Yeah, and so my boldness I think works my benefit and sometimes and sometimes I'll say things to people I don't even realize it's offensive because I'm just like chatting and then later on I'm like, ah, like I'm so grateful like Jared is So empathetic and so mindful that's a good balance I also love it about myself, but I recognize that I could do a better job of channeling it when it's appropriate Mm-hmm. Gotcha. So since you talked about that just now like let's let's go there a little bit So how are your relationships? Let's talk about maybe like family and even friendships and then maybe even your your Relationship with your spouse. I like your partner. I have a really awesome I mean, I think a primary reason why I thought of therapy is not a fit for me It's because I'm like I have incredible relationships like that is the number one thing that I pride myself. That's really good It's my great accomplishment. I mean mind you it's accomplishments like you The wrong word because my parents gifted that to me. They had a great relationship. We have a great relationship They made it really a big emphasis. I mean my sister bonded and so like that was the base I was actually have this conversation with Jada the day that I'm like and sometimes I feel ungrateful if I'm unhappy in life Knowing that I have this amazing gift that is love support and stability from people I care about I'm like I feel ungrateful for even being miserable some days.  What's wrong with you? Yeah What are you like sad about I think that that's something that you should hold on to yeah Because that's not something that everybody has right. I told you about even like my experiences growing up how you know I didn't see a healthy relationship and it's funny that you mentioned that because and this may not be your your scenario, but oftentimes when People say that they have two-parent homes right people automatically assume it was perfect. It was great It was loving, but I've also seen a lot of dysfunction when people stay together too. Yeah Like was your parents breaking up for you because you were tense you kind of saw and so are you grateful or were you Yeah, you know what at the time I was crushed because I was like You know, but as I got older I understood why it needed to happen and that really shaped me and prepared me for the work that I do now But I'm interested to find out like how are you and Jay? Since you guys have such different upbringings parenting styles rearing and all of that stuff like how does that play into? Conflict resolution with you guys especially because you have both your parents at the house, right? So what did they model for you in regards to how to resolve conflict? You know what's bizarre is that like we my sister and I were our parents therapists from a young age Wow, I mean like we they would be in many ways Maybe that's not healthy that we would be in the middle of arguments picking sides Because they'd be like here's what happened and then we'd pick a sudden who was right or to talk about it It'd be a lot of family work. That's just so I really approach Arguments or a conflict from that standpoint of like it's holistic. Let's all talk about this like let's get everything on the table It's not like we have to pretend we're perfect When you mentioned to that your parents will bring you guys in how old were you kind of like in on those conversations with light Oh, pick a side type thing like eight ten. Yeah, I remember like it's really early on. Yeah. Yeah I was thinking that oftentimes that could be a form of printed Being parentified so bring bring bringing. Excuse me bringing a child into an adult situation, right when you're a You should be worried about like, let's go play Hang out and enjoy life and let's go sister like let's go ride our skates And you know versus being caught into Adult conversations right on like whose side you're gonna pick it's like kind of but it's also really cool Like especially from a standpoint of my sister is like a perfect human being like she is the benchmark of humanity But she's a killer conflict resolution So I would watch her work mm-hmm in all it's served a purpose You know how like some kids work really young mm-hmm, and you're like you should be playing But you're like actually I kind of like work in the shop and like I learned a lot of skills along the way Yeah, so like maybe I could have been outside skateboarding, but ultimately like I learned a lot of business skills at a very young age So a few of the things that really stood out to me was that you stated that you often have frequent worry and tension Yeah, I'm telling a little bit about it. I mean I'm a freelancer and I'm not in I'm an immigrant You know so for a long part of me even coming to America as a single woman living by myself Yeah, so I'm always in a stick stability is not a part of my life Mm-hmm. That's how this competition with somebody about I think everybody needs dressed in their life just as healthy Absolutely, and so if you have a stressful career, that's why for me like relational stress is just not an option Because I'm already in a chaotic world I already have that that makes I don't get called back sometimes like an inconsistent reward Like I already get that from one area. So actually ask question Do you feel like the use of the word depression is a positive thing or a negative thing? I think in this society we use it so Just free now that it's starting to to concern me and I spoke about this last night actually There's something different between like Clinical depression where like I may need to go on medication or I'm feeling so horrible internally And or there may be a chemical imbalance versus like I'm just sad today or I just had a bad day, you know Or I'm making a slew of bad decisions and my life as a result of that is not pleasurable Totally so I'm worried that we're using that term just so freely and it's not really applicable to What's really going on and it makes me wonder for people who really do have depression How It feels to hear someone's talk about it in a different manner and they're like that's not different Let me let me tell you what real depression is, you know So it bothers me it worries me a little bit where we're going with it But I think people should be a little bit more cautious with the words that they use But the good news is is that in either case go to therapy either case right either case So I love that either case get some help make sure that you're on track. Yeah, awesome. Awesome. Awesome So tell me also so for someone who is seems so vibrant Um kicking butt in your area of influence doing so many tv speaking engagements and all of that stuff Tell me about the social discomfort that you experience because you check often on that check mark box I don't mind it by myself, but my roboticness and that like Smart bold funny like those are the goals. Yeah, if I'm in a social interaction I don't feel like I hit those goals And I'm like I left feeling scattered or I love feeling uncompelling Or maybe I left feeling like I didn't get to really Exercise where I'm strong at I will leave with like disappointment in myself. I got you So I'm like constantly grading. I'm like b plus C minus gotta c minus today. I'm gonna aim for that b next time. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I think that that's real Is that good or bad? I'm not sure. I can't say that it's good or bad But I think the fact that you're aware of it is Crucial right and it also speaks to the people who really know you right versus Your social media followers who may not know you personally or whoever the case may be right You know what I've been struggling with of late of just like the overall concept Yeah, like people's opinions don't matter. Yeah, but then it's like Do that we live in a cooperative society. We're social animals And like we could never survive alone and on top of that too like so much of society Based on supply and demand and like in order to successfully whether you're selling toilet paper or you're selling yourself like people's opinions Matters because I am subject to so many people's opinions. Yeah all the time. Yeah Um, I am just like I actually took a sabbatical from OPP other people's perspectives. I love it. I love it. I love it But I'm just like I don't know how much we're really Where do I sit on that of like because I actually do think there's positive constructive criticism I'm always I'm not somebody who believes in like a self. I don't believe I am who I am I believe I am whoever I consistently choose to be gotcha and sometimes I can choose better And so it's nice to actually be in a place people criticize you because you're like, I wouldn't have noticed that It may have taken me seven years to notice that but it's being pointed out in this specific way I also feel like there's a lot of people who have opinion on stuff Then and their opinion is so irrelevant You don't matter at all whether it's Someone close or not You have to decide for you What that looks like Can I draw something out for you really quick? Yeah In the middle, right? That circle there Is literally who you want to be closest to you with but then this little this lane or this circle out here It's people who you want to be close to you but they have a little distance and then these are people on the outside who you're like I don't care How close you are to me, but you're going to have some way distance I would definitely draw one more circle in there for me. Let's you're closer Well far out and then it is like supporters and people who follow me who have an invested interest in what I do Who I actually do consider them to be somewhat close So I do consider them their opinion to to matter and then it's just like The noise gotcha, but sometimes it's hard to differentiate the supporters from the noise Creating those barriers between you and other people Can really help you have a lot more sanity because if you're so readily accessible, right? They know you're going to read that comment. They know you're going to respond to gm They're going to be more opt to kind of pull on you, you know, and then as helpers, right? We feel guilty like man that person really needed our help, but I really don't have the capacity to To do it, you know So we have to find a place within ourselves to say, you know what? I am going to give them a resource where they can get help. I don't necessarily have to always be the resource Like better help Like better help and that was it That was my first therapy session My cherry is officially popped and if you do feel like you're ready to take that extra step I do recommend that you try out better help but before I push you in that direction I have to address a controversy that they had I believe in october of last year in which on youtube and specificity the validity of their therapist was being called into question I took this very seriously as i'm sure many of you did because the last thing that you want is For people who have been a little shy about getting therapy To go and put their trust in a service that hasn't done the work and ensuring that every single person Who claims to be a health care provider has done the work has gone to school has gotten necessary exams is certified Is licensed etc So I spoke with a better help rep and they assured me that they are extremely rigorous in their vetting process And every single person has to be licensed has to be certified Has to have at least three years of professional experience and i've done 2000 hours before they even get to you Best of all, there's a 100 percent money back guarantee So if you do try the service and you don't connect with the person one or two You didn't really feel like it was the best help for you No problem You get your money back and then hopefully you continue your search If you actually join better help and you live in california You might just get partnered with keyondra and then we'll have the same therapist How cute will that be you can go in the info box below to find all of her links to learn more about her And also in the info box, of course Is information on better help a service that allows you to get the help that you need from licensed and credentialed therapists and counselors With better help there is financial aid for those who qualify and for everyone else It's a monthly subscription fee So you don't have to be counting the sessions or feeling bad About how often you want to reach out and speak to somebody and get the help that you truly need The service once again is available worldwide and it has a 100 percent money back guarantee The most crucial thing is that you feel like it's the help that you need and if it isn't Don't worry.