Hello everyone, welcome back to another session on dentistry and more. So today we have a new section in oral pathology that is calcifying epithelial odendogenic tumor or CEOT which is widely known as Pinburg tumor. So we have N number of tumors to cover up. So last sessions we covered various syndromes. We have covered around 9 to 10 syndromes. Now we are moving on to tumor section. And the first one is CEOT or Pinburg tumor. So let's see the details of CEOT. Calcifying epithelial odendogenic tumor CEOT or Pinburg tumor which is benign in nature epithelial in origin and odendogenic one. So odendogenic means it is nothing but which is derived from a specialized dental tissue. So Pinburg tumors are locally invasive epithelial odendogenic neoplasm which is characterized by presence of amylod material that may become calcified. So it has a peculiar amylod material which may become calcified over a period of time and it was first described by Dr. Jens J. Pinburg. Now let's move on to the pathogenesis. So according to various authors the Pinburg himself said it is originated from odendogenic epithelium some others said it is from reduced enamel epithelium of closely related an uninterrupted tooth or some are saying the possibility that it arises from rest of dental lamina or from basal cells of oral epithelium. So the origin has various theories or various concepts. It could be odendogenic epithelium, reduced enamel epithelium of an uninterrupted tooth and rest of dental lamina or basal cell of oral epithelium and it is associated with mutation of PTCH gene. While moving on to the epidemiology it is most commonly seen among 20 to 60 year old and the main age is 40 years and the male to female ratio is almost same but a little higher predilection male that is 6 to 5 ratio. And it is just one percentage of all odendogenic tumors and it has basically two types that is intraocious or central type and extraocious or peripheral type intraocious is a most common that is 94 percentage which is seen in mandible region compared to maxilla it is a posterior part of the bone mandible or maxilla. So it has mandible have twice more occurrence compared to maxilla and the peripheral type which is seen in anterior part that is extraocious type this is intraocious that is a central one peripheral one is extraocious. Supremolar molar region is a most affected one and while moving on to the clinical features which is a painless mass with slow growth and it is associated with an impacted or unirrupted tooth there will be nasal congestion epistaxis or headache and this peripheral soft tissue or extraocious type the CEOT appears most commonly as a painless firm gingival mass that is this type anterior gingival mass as it appears in peripheral or extraocious type and it shows little bit of ulceration on overlying mucosa and sometimes if we go for surgical removal and underlying bony depression or sorcerization has been seen in some cases. So these are the clinical features so we covered pathogenesis epidemiology and clinical features now let's move on to the radiographic features. So radiographic features we can see mixed radiolucent and radiopic areas and can be unilocular or multi-locular type and the most striking feature of CEOT is honeycomb or soap bubble appearance because of the scattered radiopacities can be wind-driven or snow-falling type so never forget these two honeycomb or soap bubble or snow-falling or wind-driven appearance it coming in radiographic features because of its specular radiolucent or radiopic areas. Now we have histopathology what are the cells seen in the staining process that is it is epithelial cells are present so these epithelial cells which are like polyhedral in the form of sheets, strands or nests and these cells usually closely packed with few areas showing intracellular bridges and they may have indistinct outline or isnophilic and homogenous cytoplasm and the cells resembles the cells of stratum inter-medium of enamel organ so it has epithelial cells and the next one is isnophilic material which is seen between the epithelial cells and the stroma and it is thought to be synthesized by the epithelial cells and next thing is calcified deposit that is the unique feature of this tumour that is why its name came calcifying epithelial odendogenic tumours which are seen to be associated with amylod deposits and can either be calcified amylod or calcified collision so this calcification it can be in the form of lamellae formed by the fusion of small calcific deposits at different foci and they are referred to as lisegang rings so this is another unique feature of ceot lisegang rings and how it forms the calcified deposits the lamellae formed by the fusion of small calcified deposits at different foci so different foci this calcified deposits will form and it becomes a lisegang ring and also symptom like deposition is seen only after the amylod is fully calcified so the next is it can also have a nuclear pliomorphism with intercellular bridge and amylod like material will be there cement and like components and also clear cells and it could be langer han cells so langer han cells we had seen we had discussed in our cells that is pathognomic cells we had discussed it already so clear cells and langer han cells are seen not in every cases but it is reported now we have differential diagnosis so what are the differential diagnosis so it could be amyloblastoma, regional odendodysplasia, dentiturus cyst, odendogenic keratocyst, odendogenic myxoma these all could be the differential diagnosis of ceot and treatment part treatment part is basically surgical inoculation and also in severe widespread cases should go for hemimantablectomy or hemimaxylectomy and prognosis is overall prognosis good and there is recurrence rate around 15 percentage so that is summary of calcifying epithelial odendogenic tumour the take away points is it is radiographic features that is honeycomb or soap bubble appearance and wind driven or falling snow appearance and also the lisagang rings lisagang rings it is very peculiar because it is a calcified ring so calcification happens that is a unique feature of ceot from the name itself you should understand that there is calcification and it is associated with lisagang rings so when you are writing about tumour so you should go for these subreddings like pathogenesis little bit about introduction epidemiology clinical features radiographic features histopathology and differential diagnosis treatment and prognosis and always make sure that you highlight all these striking features like honeycomb wind driven or snow falling and lisagang rings so I will come up with a new tumour in my next session in the industry and more thank you


Hey guys, how you doing is your boy rich from rich TV live daily news Here exclusively on YouTube, and we're gonna talk about the breaking news here I am now back in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada back from Mexico And we are going to be talking about the biggest breaking news every single day Now the down the Nasdaq both struggling with a slow date finishing slightly in the red Seems as though this has been the trend over the last little while seems like the markets have been really really slow And we've been in this slow period for quite some time now And it just doesn't want to go away seems like this is gonna be the way it is for the next little bit And you can see we are definitely slightly red and the TSX also slow with its slightly being in the green so Trading volume is really slow. It's summertime people on vacation the Fed 750 Rate hike basis points stands for basis points Powell press conference US PCE inflation date GDP so this is all big in the news and Apple Microsoft Google Amazon meta earnings so huge earnings stay tuned for that and Bank of America UPS McDonald's Coca-Cola XOM CVX Chevron visa Mastercard results. So stay tuned. We'll keep you guys posted on as they come news to keep your eye on that are high impact and medium impact So CB which is consumer confidence high impact news So be careful while Taking a trade as the news comes out market is extremely volatile right now And there isn't a ton of volume because we're in the middle of the summertime and everybody's on vacation reason traders Care about this news is financial confidence is a leading indicator of Consumer spending so keep your eye on that which accounts for a majority of overall economic activity So we will be watching that very very closely and you should be watching it too rich men Manufacturing index medium impact news. So still be cautious as you take a trade during the news release We'll keep you updated here rich TV live Subscribe to rich TV live for all updates 24 hours a day and seven days a week key events to look out for in the week ahead So we're gonna be watching all the news on Tuesday earnings coming out from Microsoft Google visa UPS Coca-Cola and McDonald's Wednesday Durable goods pending home sales fed rake height happening Wednesday. We told you about that expected point seven five basis rate hike and Goods pending home sales fed rate height Powell speaks meta Facebook B a and Also expect Ford we think Ford is really beaten up So we're gonna be watching that very closely Thursday GDP jobless claims Apple Amazon and INTC full disclosure. I have shares in Amazon and Roku LUV MA which is Everyone knows what I'm a should be we all know what these is American Express, that's right MA is American Express and Friday PC e inflation and watch out for XOM Chevron CVX PG and CL and we're gonna go through some charts to analyze right now We love looking at the charts of Bitcoin and Theorem so must remind you to do your own due diligence Do your own research before you invest in anything we talk about or discuss here on rich TV live You can go and join our ecosystem at rich TV.io join our website and love to know your opinion on what we are doing And love to get your opinion. Do you agree with what we were saying? Do you agree with our analysis and remember do your own due diligence? Do your research and past performance is not always an indication of future results now. Let's take a look at a couple of charts Alright, so real closely. We're gonna look at Ethereum and Bitcoin So Ethereum first and foremost the chart on the left. You can clearly see that Ethereum just had a nice little run up here to sixteen hundred dollars and 1669 actually and has come back down now where it stands right around 1523 The low zone is about 1460 the high of the zone is about 1660 and we're right now sitting near the lower part of the zone at around 1524 1523 right now as we speak And that's on the one-hour chart if we look at the one-year chart You can clearly see that Ethereum is down heavily from its peak of where was last November and now we're going into the fall So the real question is do we see it make another run back to those all-time highs now when we look at Bitcoin? You can see similarly. It's been above 2300 and been as low as 21 621 5 today and right now sitting right at 22100 so very volatile for Bitcoin But overall you can see it is heavily down with a high of 69,000 Like I said as of November of last year and we're going into the fall now as summer ends and we get through the last Month of summer and we go into the fall the question is will we see another huge rally for Bitcoin in the fall? Like we had last fall where we saw a big point hit its all-time highs of 69,000 full disclosure I'm a shareholder of Bitcoin and Ethereum. You're not winning. You're probably not watching we bring in the winners We bring in the news we bring in the analysis and we bring it to you first. What do you think of the news? What do you think about the analysis? 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Have you ever thought about starting your own air conditioning installation and maintenance business? Take a moment and let that sink in. It's an industry that's always in demand, providing a service that's essential to both residential and commercial sectors. And the best part? It's a business that can be quite lucrative when done right. In this guide, we're going to walk you through the crucial steps to set up your venture in this field. From conducting thorough market research to understand your local demand to defining your services and target market in a well thought out business plan. We'll discuss the importance of the right legal structure, licensing and insurance. We'll talk about the skills and certifications needed, the significance of sourcing quality equipment and the art of pricing your services just right. And that's not all. We'll also delve into the world of marketing, networking, staff recruitment and training, customer service, compliance, contracts and growth opportunities. So are you ready to dive into the world of HVAC business? Let's get started. First off, we need to understand the market. Is there a demand for HVAC services in your area? Market research isn't a step to be skipped or taken lightly. It's the compass guiding your venture into the right direction. It's about identifying the demand for air conditioning services in your local market. But it's not just about knowing there's a demand. It's about understanding that demand. What specific services are people looking for? Is it installation, maintenance or energy efficient solutions? This understanding helps shape the offerings of your business.  Without knowing who else is running, how would you strategize? The same logic applies to business. Assessing the competition is key. Who else is providing these services? What are they doing right and where are they falling short? Identifying these gaps can help you find your niche, your unique selling proposition. A solid understanding of the market sets the stage for your business plan. Now it's time to strategize. What services will your air conditioning business offer and who are your target customers? In crafting your business plan, defining your services is paramount. Will you specialize in installation or offer comprehensive services including maintenance and repairs? Perhaps you'd like to set your business apart by offering energy efficient solutions. The choices you make here will guide your business operations and marketing efforts. Equally important is identifying your target market. Are you aiming to serve residential customers, commercial clients or both? Understanding your target customer base will help you tailor your services, marketing strategies and pricing to their specific needs and preferences. Remember a well-defined business plan is not just a roadmap for you but also a reassurance for potential investors and partners. It shows you've done your homework and are prepared to navigate the competitive landscape of the air conditioning industry. With a clear business plan you're ready to tackle the legal and logistical aspects of starting your business. Next we need to get legal. What's the best structure for your business and what licenses do you need? Well this can be a bit of a maze but let's simplify it. Your business can take on one of three legal structures, a sole proprietorship, an LLC or a corporation. Each has its own pros and cons and you'll need to choose the one that best suits your needs. Once you've decided on a structure it's time to register your business accordingly. Now let's talk about licenses. Operating an HVAC business requires certain permits and licenses which can vary based on your location. Check your local regulations and make sure you're fully compliant before you start operating. Finally you can't overlook insurance. Accidents happen and when they do you need to be prepared. Liability insurance protects both your business and your clients in case of damages or injuries. It's not just a safety net it's a must-have. Once you're legally set up and insured you can focus on your team's skills and certifications. Running an HVAC business requires specific skills and tools. Do you and your team have the necessary certifications? Do you have reliable equipment? These questions underscore the importance of proficiency and quality in the air conditioning installation and maintenance business. Certification is not merely a badge it's a testament to your expertise and dedication to the craft. It's evidence that you're up to date with the latest HVAC technologies and standards ensuring your customers get the best service possible. So make sure you and your technicians have the necessary certifications and training. Equally important is investing in quality tools and equipment. Your tools are the lifeblood of your business. High quality equipment not only increases efficiency but also minimizes the risk of errors and reworks. And let's not forget about suppliers. Building relationships with reliable HVAC equipment and parts suppliers is essential. A trustworthy supplier means consistent quality, timely deliveries, and potentially favorable terms. With skilled personnel and reliable equipment you can confidently set your prices and start marketing your services. Now let's talk money and marketing. How will you price your services and how will you attract customers? First, let's dive into pricing strategy. It's crucial to strike a balance between being competitive and profitable. Start by understanding the cost of your services including labor, equipment, and overheads. Then research market rates and what your competitors are charging. Remember your pricing should reflect the value you provide not just the cost of services. Next up, marketing and branding. Your brand is more than just a logo and a business name. It's a promise of quality, a commitment to excellence. This is what sets you apart from the competition. Develop a professional brand identity that communicates your unique selling proposition and resonates with your target audience. An online presence is non-negotiable in today's digital age. A website showcasing your services serves as a 24 7th storefront. It's essential for credibility and for customers to find you. Social media is another powerful tool. It's not just about advertising your services, but also about engaging with your audience, showcasing your expertise, and building a community. Don't underestimate the power of local advertising, flyers, local newspapers, community events. These can be effective ways to reach potential clients in your area. Remember, people often prefer to do business with local companies they trust. Finally, let's talk about networking. Building relationships with HVAC equipment suppliers and contractors can provide you with a reliable support system. You can learn from their experience, get advice, and even referrals. Joining industry associations is another way to network. It keeps you updated on the latest trends, regulations, and technologies. It's also an opportunity to connect with other professionals in the field, share ideas, and learn from each other. Marketing and networking will help you attract customers, but to keep them, you'll need to focus on staff training and customer service. Remember, a satisfied customer is the best business strategy of all.  How will you ensure they're both taken care of? To start, you'll need to hire skilled technicians with the appropriate certifications, but don't stop there. It's essential to provide ongoing training, keeping your team updated on the latest HVAC technologies and best practices. Now let's talk about your customers. The key to their satisfaction lies in providing exceptional service. Remember, a positive experience can turn a one-time client into a loyal customer. But how will you know if your service is up to par? Establish a feedback system. This will allow you to continuously improve your services based on your customer's valuable input. Lastly, let's not forget about compliance. Ensure you're adhering to all environmental regulations related to HVAC systems, as well as safety standards for installations and maintenance. A well-trained team and satisfied customers are key to your business's success. Finally, let's look to the future. How will you maintain relationships with clients and expand your business? Well, a great way to keep your clients coming back for more is by offering them maintenance contracts. These contracts not only ensure consistent income for your business, but also help to keep your clients' air conditioning systems in top shape all year round. They also provide an opportunity to build lasting relationships with your customers, by becoming their go-to solution for all their HVAC needs. Maintenance contracts can be structured in a variety of ways. For instance, you might offer an annual plan that covers regular checkups and certain necessary repairs. Or you could provide a more comprehensive plan that includes emergency services or even replacement parts at a discounted rate. The key is to tailor your contracts to meet the unique needs of your clients, while also ensuring profitability for your business. Now, on to growth opportunities. As your business becomes more established, it's important to continually assess your market and look for potential areas of expansion. This could mean offering new services, such as energy efficient solutions or smart home integration, to stay ahead of industry trends and meet evolving customer demands. Alternatively, you might consider venturing into new markets. If you've been primarily serving residential clients, for example, you could explore opportunities within the commercial sector, or you could look at expanding geographically, perhaps by opening a new branch in a neighboring city or town. Whatever path you choose, remember that growth should be strategic and sustainable. It's not just about getting bigger, it's about getting better. It's about enhancing the value you provide to your customers, improving your operations, and ultimately increasing your bottom line. By following these steps, you can build a successful air-conditioning installation and maintenance business. So, what are you waiting for? Get started today!