ynamics, but I would leave that open to others to expand on. We do still have a number of hands raised so I'm just in the, for the sake of time. I'll ask folks that go next to just keep their remarks brief. So, Bonnie, Rod, Jeremy carry and then Kelsey may have her hand up again so Bonnie. Hi, can you all hear me. We can. Hi Kevin hi I know several of you on the board. Thank you very much for the time I'm Bonnie Brady of the Long Island Commercial Fishing Association. Hi Mary. A lot of the issues that fishermen have have not been really listened to from the very beginning of a lot of the issues I know I heard Kelsey talk about having indigenous knowledge as part of Rosa, several of the industry advisors belong to various fishing associations are fishing processors. I'm not sure whether indigenous people work for them or not but people of color definitely do. And the ability to reach out to those advisors if you have questions I may not be more than glad to anything that you want to bring to the attention of the board we could do that. I just want to point out, we've got the responsible offshore development alliance has their fisheries knowledge trust. A lot of, in addition to fatigue is the idea that where fishermen fish is somewhat proprietary and if we say okay I'm going right here to do that, then 10 people may follow them. I know with Marco and back again, Kelsey and Mary you probably were involved at both the time and some of those meetings. We had one stakeholder fisheries meeting in 2014 and that was it now if you're talking about ecosystem based fisheries or any spatial planning as to where to put these things and why we've had virtually no input and fishermen did not have any input in Marco because we were told that as private businesses we couldn't qualify so it had to be only indigenous people from the three states. Having a fisheries we had the council member one person that would sit in but that really isn't the same as being able to push into the knowledge. Marco site portal only has a is for some fisheries or has specific fisheries and not all of them that exist. There's no way to show in state waters sorry the dog is chiming into, and the issue is the years that were used. Did not always have a full grasp of what the fishery was, and we've had that problem since empire one. So anyone that wants to reach out to me further I'd be more than glad to explain a lot the synthesis of the science that was just completed a report might be a good way to go for future things that have not been addressed. Thank you very much for your time. Thank you, Bonnie. Rod, Jeremy, Carrie, and then maybe Kelsey. Thanks john this is interesting and I'm the information I think is important. I think that the questions identified in the profile are probably not the correct questions. But when I hear about historical data and I think well, we've got a lot of historical data as Kevin pointed out, and I think well, there's a lot of work by historians that are done a lot of this, this kind of analysis already but I think that what you're trying to get at is important. I just think that the questions need to be more refined and the some of the questions that Kelsey raised also need to be addressed I think it's a different kind of study perhaps than, and what is fully represented in the profile. Thanks Rod. Jeremy. Yeah, thank you. Thanks john. My question might kind of just be brief. I'm not sure that your area isn't too large. So you may benefit by a smaller area than the full Gulf of Maine we would probably expect that there's going to be tomorrow offshore wind development pressure in the southern Gulf of Maine call area so you might think of that, but more broadly the question is why the Gulf of Maine. We might think that there's going to be more pressure off the Pacific coast and the issues get potentially more complex because especially as you go into the Pacific Northwest you caught tribal fishing rights. So, you know I think you should think about the best area to do the study and that sort of also relates to the question of the, you know, what's the best research questions as well thank you. Thanks. Yeah, and thanks john. Nice to see you again. And thank you everyone for your comments. Yeah I, I have to say on a couple things that have been inspired by this by my read of the profile but also by the conversation today. So I think the objective stated and then the research questions stated they don't fit with one another. And, and I think those object the objective statements are actually less are are important. And I don't want to say that the research questions are unimportant but yeah anyway, I think that the questions under the object as stated under the objective or the as implied by the objective are perhaps more important. The other, the other thing that I was thinking about just in terms of capturing people's knowledge and the connection to coastal economy or community variously defined social and economic well being and so on and so forth. And the discrepancies that people may find when they participate in some kind of discussion and then see the product of that discussion and thinking through some of the work that we've been involved in on on the West Coast and I think there are a couple of insights gained that might be useful in thinking this forward. One is, and this is gory detail but involved in a mapping project around the Channel Islands for sighting of marine reserves years ago, and we mapped with individual fishermen. We did a summary product. We went back to fishermen and we handed each of them their own map, based on what they had told us, and we explained the process whereby we went from individuals input first we made sure we got it right, and how it was that we got to the summary product. And we asked them for input on what they felt was important about that summary product as well. And so I think you know it points out the importance of iterative process, and helping people, making sure that you don't create a black box, helping people understand the steps you took to get from point A to point B and how their individual input factored in you don't have to go to every individual to explain that. But that's that's one example of how we did that in that instance. And I guess the other thing is capturing what fishermen and other fishing community members see as particularly important, and how things may be affected economically, culturally, culturally, by change and let's say for wind energy development. Again, you know, thinking about fishermen leading or co leading a mapping project that is less about the details of the map per se, and more about the stories that accompany the map. And again that gets down to Oh that's messy that stories that's narrative. But how do you interpret the map if you don't have the stories. And so, in thinking through this kind of an approach I think there's great value in trying to tap into this knowledge and think about how it can inform programs going forward. There's a lot of work that's already been done in the region you're talking about and in some other places. There's a lot to be said about engaging from the get go with those whose knowledge and understanding you seek to engage, collaborating with them to build something that's mutually useful and I think that's the intent here perhaps. But getting there requires a lot of work up front to cultivate that partnership, as much as it is to cultivate partnership with other scientists and so on, and working with Rosa could be a good way to do that. In the Gulf of Maine instance. But anyway just offering far too many thoughts but there we go. Thanks. Thank you. Kelsey your hand is still up is that from earlier or is that a new comment. It's a new comment, but I won't be long I just wanted to say that I think I agree with what others have said I think potentially there's a bit of a methodological insufficiency or need for sort of further depth in the development of the methodology and I think that this is because this is, you know, bow I'm entering into a new waters pun intended around social science. But there is a, you know, a whole canon of literature in this space and scientists who work in this space, as you were pointing to earlier john. So one I would point to Victoria Reyes Garcia, the University of Tonya, Tonya my Barcelona. And then there's also work in the space out of Scotland that do work in, you know, in the context of Fisher's local knowledge, and the intersection of energy transitions and climate change and how you capture that for, I agree with you Mary and alternative term other than baseline, but being able to ensure that we have sound data and the best available science to make decisions moving forward so just wanted to lay that as maybe guiding posts for the team to go back to you to try and bolster those methods. Thank you Kelsey and john thank you for presenting today on on Brennan's behalf. I do want to keep us moving just for the sake of time we're running a approximately 10 minutes behind so I want to turn next to Shane who will be presenting to us on ocean environmental monitoring and sound propagation study at the mid Atlantic shelf break offshore wind area. Thank you very much. Yeah, thank you. My name is Shane one oceanographer with bone OEP division of environmental sciences. I'm going to talk about the ocean environment monitoring a sound propagation studies at the mid Atlantic shelf break at offshore wind area. First, I'd like to acknowledge my co authors, Dr. Mary Bowman and Dr. Tom Q Patrick. Next slide please. So the integrated ocean observing system I use are very effective ways to conduct long term, large scale ocean environment monitoring. However, these systems are very expensive to design, deploy and maintain and develop. For this talk I'm going to talk about the National Science Foundation has, they have this ocean observing initiative and has maintained a couple of coastal ways. One of them is called a pioneer way, and they plan and what they're planning to relocate into a area that we, we think will provide as great opportunities for ocean monitoring to address many of forms on environmental assessment questions. The pioneer array is currently located in Southern New England shelf break, which is about 75 miles south of Martha's vineyard. It is consistent of 10 moorings in seven more, seven low mooring sites, and they include moorings and underwater gliders and a uvs. The water depth of this morning systems like 2090 to 450 meters. The objective of that moorings is to study the shelf break processes and of shelf and deep water exchange circulations. So the NSF is planning to relocate the mooring pioneer arrays to meet a ladder shelf break of the boundary of the coast of North Carolina and Virginia, which coincidentally is, you can see this map. I'm sorry, I don't know what, you know, there's some overlapping typing, but if you can see this map is going to relocate it into a off the coast of Midland shelf break, which is coincidentally close to two of the wind farms being developed on the coast of Virginia offshore wind, Sea Vault, another Kitty Hawk offshore wind. And the distance from the, especially for Kitty Hawk, the southern most distance of the wind farm is about 15 kilometers to the proposed new relocation site which we think it's going to provide great opportunities for bones to conduct acoustic oceanographic studies incorporating with the physical oceanographic data already being collected. Next slide please. To address some of the bones information needs. So I had listed major areas like we need informations one is, you know, as I already mentioned, you know, the monitoring long term monitoring a large scale oceanographic conditions is not easy it's always very expensive. You know, we could use this opportunity to, you know, deploy acoustic sensors to conduct environmental studies in combination of the physical oceanographic data already collected to address to look at the ocean variables, the condition in relation to the wind farm construction and operations. And also, you know, as we know, we have observed the variable of environmental conditions been changing and due to the climate, especially for one example is the Atlantic meridian overturning circulation of the A mark in the past decade, we have observed, you know, there's a great variabilities of the A mark Gulf stream, and we don't know whether these, you know, to to address whether you know those oceanographic changes is related to climate change or it's a result of the wind fun development is difficult to teach these parts so we hope that you know these this study could answer some of these questions. And also there's a need to develop updated oceanographic parameters for some propagation modeling. And as as you know, the sound propagation is driven depend on the ocean temperature and salinity and the density. And these variables are constantly changing and to have a good way to know how the sound propagation to address to develop reliable models for impact assessment, we need a new update in real time data. And lastly, there's a need to understand the species. And such as species presence and habitat use gain from passive across monitoring that combined with physical oceanographic data to understand in the ecological ecosystem context. Next slide please. So the objectives is the first, we have three major objectives, one is the innovative ocean monitoring. So there are a lot of I use they do not have acoustic sensor components and mostly the where they focus on physical acoustic data sets, and we understand that with acoustic sensors, if we're operating with the physical and the chemical variables, we can look at bigger pictures in a larger scales using the acoustic inversion and see how the current stratification and mixing these pattern change in a long run in relation to the wind fun development. And then is the improved impact prediction. As I mentioned, you know, the sound propagation varies, depending on the sea, sea temperature and salinity and the density and these are constantly very changing. So in order to have a better way to predict the impacts, for example, you know, the sound generated from pilot driving associate wind fun construction, we need a constantly updated sound velocity profiles. And third is enhanced environment assessments. So the passive acoustic monitoring that I will know of only, you know, using distributed acoustic sensors that, you know, gave information of the animals presence on, you know, very few of the incorporating with the physical oceanographic data sets with a combination of acoustics data sets with and the physical oceanography data sets we can looking at potential changes of habitat and also looking at animals. And just to get information of animal presence. We can also address, looking at the presence and absence and looking to address the, how the, the habitat use and the change of the ecosystem found acoustic data sets. Next, please. The methods. Well, first, you're deploying the acoustic sensors collocated it with the pioneer of ways locations and we have been preliminary discussion with NSF, maybe we could piggyback NSF vessels to save deployment costs. And second is the methods is the collecting long term time series acoustic data sets. We envision most of the data sets will be collected using either more acoustic sensors or bottom on the acoustic sensors. But we also open to additional acoustic data sets using gliders and or AUVs. Then, of course, we're going to, you know, leverage on the physical oceanographic data to address to analyze the, the oceanographic processes in relation to wind funds and we're also going to use the biocruistic data sets to analyze and a stand in the environment effects, fun, you know, the following fall for wind development. Next slide please. And we're also thinking about the deploy active sources. This is going to be a low intensity, largely less than 160 dB in reference to one micro Pascal. That's the, you know, the kind of the behavior threshold for marine mammals, and also the low frequency lasting two kilohertz active sources such as this low bell sound, sound source to look at the we investigate the sound propagation in the area and also look at the oceanographic change. And lastly, the real, the sum of acoustic data sets collected would be, you know, broadcast the real time to predict forecast major you know, graphic events, hopefully, and also these real time acoustic measurements, such as from the, you know, when from pie drippings could be used for real time mitigation monitoring, if needed. Next slide please. That's pretty much it. So this is the list of the research questions we have based mostly build around our objectives to address the, you know, using acoustic data sets to addressing oceanographic processes in the study area related to wind and also the sound space soundscape characterization and dynamics in the area, improve propagation modeling and looking at the potential noise effects from construction activities of the signal to noise ratio. For example, see whether the construction noise could be detected in various various moorings, and also supplement the data for the passive acoustic monitoring to address animals, potential effects on animals. That's all I have. Happy to ask any questions. Thank you, Shane. I see some hands are already going up quickly. I will turn to Bonnie, Jack, Kelsey, and then Al. Hi, thank you. I just wanted to ask of the presenter what are they planning to do regarding the type of code our radar that apparently will not be hf high frequency radar that will not be workable within the arrays because of issues that were initially I want to say two to three years ago when the wind turbine radar interference mitigation workshops with DOE were done. And at the time they had a working group but they said it would take about five years. If they were fully funded to actually be able from proof of concept have something that would work in place of the I think it's 11 or 13 radar from South Jersey all the way up to perhaps Rhode Island. Thank you. I'm not aware of that. Could you elaborate a little bit more on acoustic sensor radar. The high frequency code our radar that's used for the ocean observatory systems both for Noah for oil spill modeling and also for searching rescue by the Coast Guard they plug that in. And because of the wind turbines being in it's a line of sight type of radar, and so they will not work. And so I'm wondering how or if there's a solution that's part of your plan that as these sites go up you might not be getting the information that you need. Thank you. Hey Bonnie, it's Mary. How are you. So as you know or may know we've been studying the code our issue we would work with code are spent a lot of money to help them address it's the HF radar this does the ocean surface surface currents the radar stations are all along the coast. It's managed by the eyes. It's been important for oil spill as well as search and recovery. And the presence of wind turbines will cause interference. We've known about this issue for many years and bone has addressed it through working with code are. We've gotten through maybe 90% of the interference issues using software fixes on the interior part but there's still some issues. There's talk about potentially you can put devices on the wind turbines to assist. And we've been talking about that so there's lots of different solutions that are under discussion. And it doesn't really have anything to do with this particular NSF array which is primarily underwater measurements it's not above water and this surface, the HF radar is above water. So I hope that helps address your question. Thank you Mary will you have any of that documentation on a bone website to take a look at that would be great thanks a lot. Oh, absolutely. And Bonnie when I get home I'll send you an email. Thank you Mary and thank you Bonnie. Jack, Kelsey and then how great thanks Shane. Good description of what's going on there. I think this is exactly what well my to be doing is making use of this other federal asset, and it was specifically designed to do just that host other instruments, and a couple of with what we know about the oceanography. I have a couple of questions about time and space so. Have you looked carefully at the time you'll be able to get your instruments into the array versus when the wind farm will be built out, etc can, and then secondly the spatial aspects. So you know what are the sensors you're putting in and how are you said a little bit about how they're different from the sensors. My last question is, is there, you actually said it there's a couple of coastal arrays for the ocean derivatives initiative. So the West Coast is prime just as well to do this so I encourage you to look at that. Yeah, thank you. So the first question was the timing gets good very good question and actually that's my question as well we're still still actively developing this study ideas. So the planning is the NSF is starting collocating the data system in April next year. Which is, you know we don't have to really match their time because we already talked to the pioneer we managers and also NSF. So basically where our sense is not going to fit on the array but we'll be collocated for various engineering reasons. Yeah, they will be starting relocating in April but I got a sense, it could be delayed probably will be summer so for our studies planning process, you know, if this one's getting funded which we, you know, we're getting used by, I guess, October we will start soliciting, you know, putting out the IFP and then we get the PIs and we'll be working with whoever with awardees and also work with NSF to call to look at the census. The spatial scales. I think there was a map on that I'm not exactly sure but by looking at, you know, the current pioneer array of New England is nine, I might understand is about 10 kilometers by 47 kilometers that is your deal to be about the same number of arrays but the configuration. I think it was like number 10 by 47 so it's kind of like elongated, but once they will relocated to the mid Atlantic shelf break, look at the pictures and more like a more like a square. So, my guess is probably more like, you know, trying to, trying to by trying ish. And we are thinking about, of course, this still need to work with awardees to PIs but we're kind of proposal with the vertical line we like vertical acoustic arrays. If these are the moins collocated with whatever census they have, but near very nearby so I forgot what was your last question. I just was asking about the same type of study for the West Coast. Oh yeah, West Coast I understand they have endurance array right and SF I have not looked into that for the pioneer array is just happened because they are relocating to an area where we have to win funds that's a great opportunities. We'll see, you know, if we have to, if that locations that happen to be where we need informations where, yeah, we can start talking. I'll send you some comments about that. Thanks, Shane. Thank you. Kelsey and then out. Yes, probably two questions. The first one is, do you know why it's called the pioneer array. I think I'm so amused. Why do you know. Oh, I, I don't know. I'm sorry. Yes, you know, I know that yeah it's because it's it's named for the pioneer C Mount chain that it's fairly close to. Why the pioneer C Mount chains call that I do not know. Thank you. So I think just flagging that for bow and then for everyone on the committee it's it's kind of a racist term to have as, and then you're going to be moving it down into a coastal area and you know, the pioneer is moving in. There's just a lot of like justice issues with that implications. So I just wanted to flag that that if the study allows for it to be funded and you're, you know, it to be potentially renamed I think that would be purpose, you know, important, I mean using American dollars to to move something. The other sort of area that I had as a question was it's potentially I think on the map you said it would be moving down to just outside Chesapeake Bay Del Marva Peninsula. I'm not sure what the bottom disturbance if anything looks like for the moorings, but that is one of the highest concentrations of Clovis points in that area along the outer that shelf area. And so I just think that I curious what the, you know, at some point and maybe it's not right now is a profile stage, but that there's a consultation with the tribal historic preservation officers for the area that the potential array will go. Okay, thank you. All right, we've got a few more hands, and we are already passed the three 10 time on our agenda so I'm going to just ask folks to keep their remarks fairly brief but I do still want to allow everybody an opportunity to speak so I'll Michael and then less. Okay. Yeah, thanks. Thanks for giving me an opportunity to talk. I'll try to be quick and give the highlights so I think this is well posed. And potentially the opportunity is is a is real combination of acoustics with the environmental monitoring from the pioneer race so that's good. In terms of the implementation though I have some concerns. I don't. So here's so here's the issues the pioneer race in the midst of a NEPA environmental compliance process. Maybe that's going to involve a name change we'll see that process involves the core instrumentation not acoustic monitoring devices right so any additional process requires a specific process within oh I and furthermore adding passive and active acoustics I would guess is going to require environmental review and additional rounds of approval. So with these with these issues in mind, I have concerns about the timing, basically is the bottom line. I'm not clear to me that this can be managed in in a timeline that is going to be ready to roll by April 2024. So I think that's the gist of my concern. Thanks. Yeah, thank you. Thank you. Yeah, this is also something we are, you know, we are aware of that. And we're working with national science foundations and to see if you know the amount of compliance issues. So basically, I don't think there's a much environmental issues for passive acoustic monitoring. So we also in talk with the Navy's and that's a separate issues but for active acoustics yes I'm already reached out to the know our concerns regarding the sound sources we proposed to broadcast, and they say you know this 160 DB up below 160 DB should be no issues and also frequency we have not decided not not acoustic frequency I mean how often we broadcast that we have not decided but it's if it's like an infrequent. That's like so we we we think we can get in our concurrence from our officials but we're still working on that once you know the project going forward. Yeah, thank you. Okay, thanks. Michael. Thank you, Sean. Thank you very much for your presentation today. This is around acoustics and the passive recording of sub audible or infrasound in the acoustic systems. This would be in ranges below 20 Hertz, and seems to be a critical range for some of the communications of the whales. So establishing the environmental baseline for that frequency range in your survey so that can be then followed up upon with the wind farm operations that seems to be a gap in some of the studies that I've been reading. That's all I have to say. Thank you. And last we'll give you the final word. Um, I'm just curious if we really had our wish list. How many of these invaders. I mean pioneers slash acoustic arrays would we like to have ideally how short are we selling ourselves here. Are you asking for the ocean of graph. I use the ways or the crew. Yeah, the I use the I use. Well, the I say imagine and I use slash acoustic combo, but it's specific I use a raise. Yeah, I think it's a very, very rare. Yeah, because the, I use the way is typically my understanding is noisy because the more is not set for listening because you have a lot of noise and to overcome that issue is engineeringly expensive. So that what that's what most acousticians just deploy their race separately. Yeah, yeah, but in general the observational system is what's being proposed at the capacity we would really like to have in terms of the data stream coming out. Yeah, it's, I can see it's not that many. It's okay. Yeah, we would like to see more close. All right. We were scheduled to take a 15 minute break at 310 to 325. I'd still like to offer folks an adequate break so I'm not going to ask folks to come back so so quickly. But maybe it's 317 now maybe if we could try to get started at 330 so we're about five minutes behind. If that's feasible, we'll take a quick break and we'll return at 330 and thank you to our guests on the line that are being patient with us. I'll wait for the slides to get up, but give you an overview of the Pacific region in our programs which then ultimately guides our study priorities and our science strategy. Great, you can click to the next slide. So the Pacific region, you know just basically is areas off California, Oregon, Washington and Hawaii we have five planning areas on the OCS there. And until recently we were the only bone region with ongoing planning or development in all three of the core program areas I think the Gulf now has joined us in that. We have conventional energy renewable energy and prospecting into marine minerals work and fiscal year 22 we had we funded $6.4 million for environmental studies in the region was 12 studies six new ones at 2.3 million six ongoing at 4.1. We have approximately 50 people now in our regional office and generally one subject matter expert per resource but we're expanding that capacity. You go to the next slide. So with conventional energy, we have 30 active oil and gas leases in the region, kind of a maturing program so production started in 1968 also happens to be when I started. In mid to late 90s and now our annual production is a bit lower. There's some figures there on the slide, and then due to some other issues, some pipeline ruptures and some shut in issues. We're starting to plan for decommissioning for up to eight platforms right now so this mature oil and gas field is now working towards decommissioning and removing platforms. And then our science strategy as a result is continued study of the marine environment near these activities. You know to keep up our understanding of these impacts through time, and then also collecting this information for the decommissioning activities. You go the next one. And I will try to move through these swiftly because I know you're all thinking the Pacific region is standing between you and cake right now. So, the region's big priority has really moved towards renewable energy and I know I started in Bowman 2010. You know they brought me on because we needed a bird guy because wind energy was starting to really take off or they were prospects of it coming on to the west coast and so probably since the last time you heard from us. We have a few updates so we've issued a marine hydro kinetic lease to Oregon State University and I think that's the first one in federal waters. We also just held a wind energy lease sale along the west coast in December for five leases offshore central and northern California. So I think if those are still provisional or whether we just issued those. And that brought in the tune of, I believe is over $700 million. We also released some call areas off of Oregon in 2022 and have been continuing to talk with the state and in a variety of stakeholders and other agencies over that. Also have the potential for wind energy offshore off Hawaii there's two call areas on the map there. We've had a long duration since 2016 some of that may reshape and become different but right now that's what we have on the map for Hawaii. And then we also received two unsolicited lease requests offshore Washington so really busy with renewable energy a lot of different things going on so then with the next slide. You know that helps define our science strategy there, which is really refining information about environmental conditions and biological communities. And then also really working on cultural resource and human use issues. Certainly two of the groups that we engage with most on these wind projects are tribes and the fishing community so we also have to obtain baseline information on these cultural and human uses adjacent to these areas. Next slide. And then with marine minerals despite more than 50 years of marine minerals exploration. There's been no federal leases issued in the Pacific. However, we are considering environmental studies and resource evaluation efforts to inform potential future industry interest. And currently been funding several projects in partnership with USGS and some others and we're also working closely with bones and marine minerals division. And so we had recent to scientific research expeditions off Hawaii, and then also went to the Escanava trough off the coast of Oregon. And so here our focus has been resource evaluation efforts in these areas that are anticipated to have the greatest resource potential because there's been formerly like an interest in in sand and gravel but now it's kind of these rare earth minerals that may be out there on the ocean floor. So next slide. And this is just kind of a sort of a high level overview of the Pacific and our research areas and the studies and we have over 330 studies that have been complete and completed in the Pacific and I think about three of the first 300 of those were really geared towards oil and gas based on that program out and this all started in the early 70s, but a lot of that, especially our baseline biological studies and some other things have been able to be applied to renewable energy and now with a lot of our ongoing studies the focus has been more towards renewable but still with some things that are moving to renewable energy as well as things that cover both of the programs and with a variety of partners here on the right. A lot of federal government studies with no on USGS and some others but also collapse with universities and then some other different groups there. And then for the last slide. And this is going to set up the talk that you're going to hear from Ingrid here but you know the input in the one profile we requested input on this year is this pre development distribution and behavior of key coastal cetacean species near Morro Bay. And we really selected this study to kind of generate and explore a larger discussion with COSA on responsibilities for funding and acquiring data and maybe who's most responsible for that at what scale like when is it appropriate for bone versus industry so you know I think you've seen those questions and I didn't put them on here because Ingrid's going to have them on her second slide. So, that's going to be kind of a segue into her talk and that input that we were seeking from COSA. Yeah, any very quick questions for David before we turn it over. Okay, lucky winner I'm sorry but you're going to get a question from me I live on the Pacific coast of Washington I live within one of the areas that's proposed to the wind area. It's also within the Cascadia subduction zone. You're not a geologist but I will tell you that it is the number one hazard catastrophic hazard identified by FEMA for the United States. For catastrophic earthquake and tsunami rivaling that of the Japan event of 2011 put out anywhere from 10 to 25%, depending on what part of the coastline you look at in the next 50 years. So it's a biggie it's also was the number one sea floor hazard identified in the Nomex study from the White House that Rodney is very well aware of. And I was kind of astonished to see that there were no research proposals related to geohazard risks in the renewable energy portfolio for BOEM, because three of the four identified wind energy areas lie within the Cascadia subduction only one that doesn't is more a worry about taking leases but the Humboldt area does by the way the Humboldt area had an earthquake two weeks after your lease sale and there were fatalities and and they shut the ports down. And there's still that hazard for the areas to the north. I don't understand why bone has not bone did do a study on risk associated with offshore wind development and earthquake tsunami hazards but it was totally inadequate did not cite any of the relevant literature of the last 10 to 15 years. I don't quite understand why bone hasn't taken a more active stance on looking at that before offering up leases and before many millions of dollars are invested by by companies and by utilities to try to figure out whether they're going to do these projects. So that's a, that's an ongoing concern I have, and I just couldn't flag that for you. Yeah, well thanks I appreciate that I'll take that back and discuss that with the appropriate people and yeah, I appreciate that. Scott just let me say also, and I think you know I've talked about this a bit you know through our environmental studies program. We may fund some aspects of geology but there's another part of home with a resource evaluation group, and there's that's the geologist said, and, but it is a good question so we can take it. Well it's going to become even more important for you guys because there was something passed last year called the Disaster Resiliency Planning Act. And I think it calls on all federal agencies to coordinate their plans for major disasters I think OMB not once they've gotten by this budget thing we've had to worry about, and FEMA are going to start coming around all agencies to talk about what is going to happen and I think this is going to be high on their list. So I would encourage you to get ahead of the curve. So you don't get more delays than you know you need to have I just think it's, it's coming down the town pipe for you I would, I would get after it. Yeah, thanks really appreciate that. Thank you Scott. So our next presentation will be by Ingrid Bidron. I hope I pronounced that correctly Ingrid I apologize on the agenda that I had does I read listed. But this profile will be on the pre development distribution and behavior of key coastal cetacean species near the morrow by wind area. So Ingrid, whenever you're ready please go ahead. Thank you, and thank you Dave for that introduction. Good afternoon everyone. Thank you for the opportunity to present to Costa today. I'm Ingrid Bidron, a marine biologist in bone specific regional office. And before I begin I want to acknowledge my colleagues Desiree Reeve, Kathy Dunkel and Dave Peresta collaborators on the study and presentation. Next slide please. As Dave mentioned, I'll talk about our proposed study to collect targeted data on coastal protected species and morrow by California. But I will also be using the study is an example to illustrate some broader questions that we wanted to bring up here for discussion. We want to acknowledge and thank you the Costa members for your early feedback. We have attempted to incorporate it throughout this presentation. So bones environmental studies process follows an internal review of proposed study ideas. And while going through the studies process, we received internal feedback questioning who is responsible for funding these types of studies, bone or the less ease. And then this feedback prompted us to consider to consider the questions we post here. Before jumping to the rest of the presentation, I want to give you a quick refresher of bones commercial offshore wind authorization process. The wind siting follows an iterative process, or by targeted data needs can be more accurately identified once wind energy areas are designated. Offshore wind regulations require that less sees provide results of biological surveys to support their site assessment plans. In addition, during and post construction monitoring by the less see is required through plan approvals, for example, construction and operation plans. So our guidelines encourage early engagement between bone less scenes less sees to define baseline data needs. Therefore, we feel that discussing and clarifying some of the answers to the above questions will help them to be more fully prepared for this process and these discussions. The questions we proposed today for discussion are listed here. Should bone and or industry fund these types of targeted studies to learn about potential impacts from offshore wind. And prioritize focused, recently based or broader context based studies to learn about the potential impacts from offshore wind. And as close to have any other recommendations for resolving these questions. Next slide please. Now I'll give an overview of the study. I'll start by sharing our research questions up front. How do resident harbor porpoise ray whales killer whales and bottlenose dolphins use more obey and potential transit corridors to and from the port of moral bay to the wind energy lease area. Our endangered western Pacific ray whales present in potential transit corals corridors of the moral bay wind energy lease area. And can any actions interactions between these species be defined. For some background, three wind energy leases, three when wind energy leases have been executed offshore moral bay California and post leasing survey activities are expected to begin within this next year. Impacts to marine mammals need to be evaluated and are of high concern to stakeholders. Therefore, there is a need for robust pre development data on the habitat use of protected species. This would be a pilot based field program focused on collecting habitat use and interaction data when the target species are known to be present in the area. Next slide please. More obey and the anticipated offshore wind vessel vessel transit corridors are used by protected species including gray wells, both endangered western gray wells and protected eastern gray wells killer whales bottlenose dolphins and resident harbor porpoise. We need more local habitat use data for these key protected coastal species to build upon existing regional data to more accurately assess potential impacts from floating offshore wind energy activities. Next slide. A newly completed bone funded studies supports the need for more localized data collection to support comprehensive risk assessment. Some of you might have heard of this study of we called the VIN study. And these baseline data would be used for comparison of data collected during survey construction and post construction activities. These data will be vital and implementation of management and monitoring plans in the lease area. Next slide please. As mentioned before, the broad objectives of this study are to understand the local habitat use and interactions of four protected coastal cetacean species that occur in and around moral bay, which are likely to interact with vessel of transiting to and from the moral bay wind energy lease area. Next slide. To address this study objective, we propose a focus field program using drones photo ID and photogrammetry to clarify habitat use individual patterns of residency and interspecies interactions. Passive acoustic monitoring will be used to complement and expand the photogrammetry data to inform for movement patterns. Existing passive acoustics data will be integrated to further inform these outcomes. Fieldwork will be appropriately permitted and will involve cost effective shore based small boat operations to collect the data for one month per year over the course of three years. Fieldwork will likely occur in the spring when the species of interest are expected to be in the study area. Thank you and at this point I would invite any questions or feedback that you have. Thank you Ingrid, I'll take a moment to look for any hands and I see Dan go ahead. I'm curious why you decided to do coastal species. When the actual wind farms can be far offshore where most of these species don't exist. I've got a bunch of questions but that's first one. Well, we do have another proposed study profile that looks more at the broader skill. We don't use habitat use of these species but this particular study, for this study we wanted to look at those transit corridors because we think that something that's really important is these areas where the vessels are going to be going to and from the lease areas. And there are some important species there's there's a resident harbor porpoise population and then some of these other endangered and highly protected species. It's a good question we do have other studies looking at those things too but this one is focused on those resident and local areas. So, another question is, if you see how will finding, how will identifying of western Pacific western gray whales. If you have that information how will that change anything what will you do with that and I say that because we already know that they're going, they've been identified in the look of green gloom so we know that some proportion of the population is making its way up and down the west coast of the US so I don't see how photo ID especially during a one month period of time you're not going to really the probability of seeing a western gray whale since there are very few of them. We already know they're there so how would that change anything what would you do with that information. Well, so this study is. We're trying to focus on you like you say it's a very specific time of year we tried to we chose that one month because it's when we've identified that the most you know there will be the most like the highest presence of those those animals that we've highlighted and especially some of some of those migratory species and so we like this is going back to the broader we're trying to understand more about the. You know we're looking at the big picture but we want to now that we know where that wind energy lease area is we want to look more at the local data and so this is part of that baseline information we want to get and we're trying to so that we can know moving forward if we need to, you know, fill certain data gaps, or if you know that can inform the types of types of mitigation activities that are required under, you know, for the less ease. So this is not supposed to be a one this one study isn't supposed to be the end all be all this is just help to help us fill some data gaps and get more information for what we want to do moving forward. Yeah, but what about, I mean there's other marine mammal species, and if there didn't be other studies, there's a whole variety of pets there's a sea otter. What about the other species that you're, you haven't addressed. And this, I mean, yeah, again this, this is, you know, we're trying to look at this is one piece of a much broader research program and you know, in terms of trying to keep the budget reasonable and looking at the. You know, the tools available to us this, this is only going to be one piece of, you know, broader research activities so we acknowledge there are other protected species there. But for the field work, you know, the tools and the methodologies that are proposed here, we wanted to target on these target these migratory corridors and, again, like it's only one piece of a much larger. Yeah, I guess if, if we're, if we're assessing this, it's, if you get, you know, it's called, you know, peace mailing if you don't have the larger picture. It's harder to put this in context of, of what else you might do so that's why I asked the question is, is getting this little piece without knowing what else is being done is it's hard to to say this is the best piece or this is comparable to other pieces. Okay, yeah. I'll leave it at that. That was probably more. No, Dan, thanks so much for the question and Ingrid, if you don't mind, I'm going to jump in. Hi everybody, Desiree Reben, sort of a co-author on the profile. Dan, I know that some of the members have actually had an opportunity to take a look at the vulnerability impact analysis, which is the VIM study that Ingrid mentioned. One of the motivations of this profile is not only to sort of ask those bigger questions of, you know, when should bone be doing these types of studies if bone should be doing them at all, talking about the regional sort of very localized scale. Part of the outcomes of that VIM report indicate that in order to do a really comprehensive risk analysis, we have to have better understanding of what these regional animals or localized animal groups are actually doing when we're thinking about impacts from offshore wind. So the VIM study looked at huge the whole California coastline, including Oregon, Washington, and, you know, divided things appropriately, but then we need to have final resolution when we're trying to answer these more specific questions. So that's why, you know, this, this study is part of a much larger program, obviously we've got many other studies and we, we actually are pursuing another profile on sea, sea otters, which is not presented to the National Academies. So we're certainly not proposing that these are the only species of interest. We're basically just saying, because we've identified that Morro Bay is now an existing lease area. And we know that we have data gaps for some of these species, and it's going to be intersecting some of these activities. How best do we actually fill those data gaps. I hope that helps. Thank you Desiree for joining us as well for that. Next I'll turn to Mike, and then Carrie, Jack, and Lee. Hi Ingrid, it's good to see you. Mike Conroy from Responsible offshore Development Alliance. I kind of want to piggyback on what Dan was asking about, you know, given the two ESA listed species in particular that I'm thinking of humpback whales and blue whales that transit through those areas and further given that a lot of the it is envisioned that the shipping traffic that will get the turbines to and from those locations will generate from LA Long Beach or San Francisco or points north. So I think it stands to expand the scope of this study to look at those two species in particular, given those two species ability to have dramatic impacts upon the West Coast crab fishery. Thank you Mike. I mean, I would say in a similar answer to the previous question that this study is very focused on this area but it's meant to help us understand that area and then we do have like we have ongoing strategies to look at those larger scale areas and also those those to encapsulate all the species of concern so short answer yes but not specifically with the study is not designed specifically to target those larger areas. Okay, thanks. Thank you. Yeah. So, two questions one is, are you planning to collect environmental data for example, temperature at a minimum because we know the El Nino is coming and there's going to be lots of interannual variability. And then second to Mike's point and Dan's about the larger context it seems like the mobile platforms is the ideal way to do that you could actually run them from near the port itself out to the study area and back so beyond just the fixed platforms. Yeah, so I mean to answer that second question. First, um, so we didn't drill down like totally into the specifics of the methodology here because it is going to be up to the person who gets this contracts so that the so we will be overseeing that but we don't know the exact specifics yet so also again, I know this kind of sounds like a broken record and does feel free to jump in but we do have other studies that are looking at capturing some of these more like these oceanographic using using technology and tools that are going to try to capture this oceanographic variables. And looking at some of those other tools as well so again, this is a very focused study this one that we proposed today but the other study profile and other work that's going on is looking at these bigger, bigger questions but does feel free to jump in if you want to add anything. Thanks Ingrid. Yeah, just to reiterate what Ingrid said you know we've got currently we have the adrift study which is using floating acoustic buoys and they're sort of drifting all the way from a pilot process in Oregon all the way in sort of around the California lease areas and you know pretty much covering the California system. So that's one of the ongoing passive acoustic studies that we're doing. In addition, we're supporting the the pack map study which is very regional scale looking at multiple species and partnership with Noah. And a study that's about to be completed and that maybe Dave Perrexta could speak to if anybody's interested is, you know, we've been running aerial surveys that also look at avian and marine mammal and another marine species. That, like I say is recent it's going to be completed soon so you know, again, this is this is one study that we're looking at really to sort of to hone in on understanding how we deal with these very localized areas of impact. We've got a very keen eye on the you know broad scale regional, you know, coast wide data collection, but when it comes down to these smaller questions of this focal, you know, like resident habitat for harbor purpose for these, you know, potential mixing of avian and western gray whales, you know, and to answer Dan's earlier question. What would we do as Ingrid said, part of the VIM study also indicated that there's a potential high need for concern for animals that are not often seen in the area, but because of their impacts, they should require additional mitigation action. And so that is part of asking this question in that if we do indeed in this pilot study that may inform additional work need to take a deeper look as to how many western gray whales are there. That could have a significant, you know, influence on informing how we would provide mitigation approaches to our decision makers. So, again, guys, this is just a small part of a much larger research program we're not, you know, we're not limited to just the study the Pacific region is conducting many, many marine mammal focused studies. So it really is about, you know, trying to understand how much responsibility we have for collecting this more localized information. And if the academies is sort of suggesting that actually we should be not focusing on collecting this more localized information and we should keep our focus on these more large scale studies. That's a valid comment but that's actually, you know, what we're asking to hear. If I may just a quick follow up that's excellent contextual information I just like to encourage bone to show us that some way an integrated diagram or something visual that lets us know that all that's going on simultaneously so thank you. Yes, thank you Ingrid and does right and I'm, I see we've got Lee and Kerry in the queue as well I just want to take a moment to just quickly remind folks that none of the input that we are providing in Costa meetings is on behalf of the National Academy's. We do not reach consensus as a standing committee so it is the individual input of the members and our guest, just like to reiterate that point, but I don't want to take any more time with that so I will turn it next to Lee, and then to Kerry. Yeah, hi. Thanks for all of that so I actually my questions are about your specific methodologies that you've proposed to try to get at these localized residency and habitat use patterns. I'm not quite following how using drone photogrammetry is going to help you do that, I guess, like linking habitat use and individual residency mentioned mark recapture stuff so maybe you could provide a little bit more feedback on that because I don't see how those two align. And also and then you suggest using passive acoustic monitoring to look at movement patterns. So unless you know, you know, I don't, that's not really going to work very well at an individual level, like individual movements and you'd need like sort of a larger array to look at movement patterns so yeah I guess I to get to your specific localized fine scale questions that you're proposing I think. Yeah, do you have any comments about how you expect those methodologies to align. I can pick a stab at those so first of all I think it's part of this is just definition what we mean by localized and fine scale I mean we're not talking about charting like paths like of individual animals we're talking more about still like how they're using that the Bay or the area, you know what animals are there are not there so we're not trying to track I guess is what I'm saying in terms of fine scale arrays. Again, I mean we didn't we provided some of the possible tools and the things that we wanted to address. So I mean photo ID like work recapture some of those are the types of things we're trying to look at we're going to use the fluke book for the great the gray well catalog based on photo ID so. Yeah, we this was something that even in some internal discussion we didn't want to get to in the specifics in the nitty gritty because these things could, the specifics could change of the methodology so that's my general answer does did you want to jump in anything Okay, so yeah we're just we're we really didn't want to get into the details because that part of it could change. Okay, well then, I mean I would suggest not make well, I don't know at this the photogrammetry is measuring you know how long and big and whatever measurements of animals so that doesn't really fit with the context of what you're proposing. And, you know, and unless you're using drones that can do surveys, you know, to look at distribution of animals and that's a whole nother technology and methodology. You know, for me when when you say you want to do residency patterns and habitat use that's doing surveys traditional marine mammal sort of surveys and photo ID, you know from a boat to then look at, you know, matching of animals and individuals to look at residency. So I do think our important issues at that localized scale, but I just didn't follow how drones would help with that aspect. Okay, yeah, and this does include small boat as we mentioned small boat operations and those traditional photo ID type surveys and that sort of thing but okay thank you that's helpful feedback. And Lee sorry I will jump in England now, but thanks it's nice to see you I think, you know, the photogrammetry is another sort of added capability for, you know, just sort of understanding maybe I don't know and this is taking a little bit of a sort of a swing as I haven't finalized everything because this is really just why we wanted to come to the coast and and and and to all of you guys to get your opinion in that, you know, the photogrammetry would not only be for, you know, the harbor purpose where we would be hoping to expand that to, you know, the humpbacks and blue whales potentially and the killer whales certainly and gray whales. So, you know, there's, there's multiple aspects of the types of data that we can collect, but the photo ID for sure is is sort of the mock and that would be focused on the hover purpose. And so we're basically just throwing the toolbox in there to say hey we've got multiple species with different behaviors and we're trying to understand what could be happening here. So, you know, if you if you've got more sort of directed advice on to how we could more appropriately use better tools that is most welcome. Yeah, sounds good. Yeah, I guess if you put together an RFP I might, you know, focus more on the questions so that the tools follow the questions instead of the other way around. But yeah, so thank you for that feedback that was good. Harry, did you still have a question. This may be an unnecessarily picky point but I'll make it quickly and offer it with good intent. I think it's framed as the transit areas to and from the Port of Moreau Bay the point has already been made that more likely than not. Things will be coming and going in terms of construction at least and deployment through LA Long Beach, or possibly the San Francisco Bay Area, and that the more obey area would be perhaps a launch point for smaller maintenance operations I don't know. Just in sort of thinking about okay if you were to put an RFP out or whatever, I would, I would encourage you to frame it with that caveat, very clear, because there will be community members who see that and it's, it's, it could be misunderstood, or it could be misleading so make it really clear. And maybe if the idea is to pilot it also because this is something that would be tractable and this, this localized transit is potentially quite relevant. So if you're planning the patterns there, then speak to some extent, at some point somewhere along the way to how you would account for that larger transit, that longer transit pattern and and the potential for interactions there. Anyway, thank you. This is really interesting. Thank you. Thanks Carrie. I'm going to turn Scott to you. I have a question. Did we get a question from Susan. Yes, so that is my. That's, that's all. Yep, we have. So Susan parks who is a committee member of COSA she was trying to stay on the line as long as possible today, but had some conflicts with this particular time. I do think most of her questions have been anticipated by others. But I'm going to go ahead and just read them verbatim so that I don't misconstrue anything. The first was what preexisting baseline siting data if any is available for this region. And the second question that she had was why the selection of these specific species rather than all marine mammal species in the area, primarily about exclusion of other recognizable bailing whales such as humpbacks that are present there. And then in response to the questions posed on the slides. She says my response question would be whether bone could require pre construction surveys from industry and or partner with Noah for interagency surveys for data collection to supplement bone funding for these baseline data. So, I know she would have shared those on her own had she been available to do so. Yes, yeah, thank you and would love to yeah maybe you can get written copy of those eventually too so thank you for sharing this. All right, I think that wraps up our profiles for today.  One thing before we do go. I know like again like we're just the second time you're going to be accused of getting in the way cake but do do we want to discuss this issue or maybe over cake about the appropriateness of what level, say government funds studies versus when it's appropriate for industry to do it. Folks would like to have that conversation I guess I'll defer to Rodney we'll be eating into his time a little bit, but I'm happy to open the room to additional discussion. I will defer to the committee. And, and, you know, to me as we move forward with all these activities on the OCS and all the science needs, it really does have to be kind of all hands on deck. The developers need to be part of a solution and that means be part of the science funding with the federal government. In many cases we're looking towards opportunities to where we can pull that funding together and work together to solve these problems but another aspects there may be stipulations on the lease that the developers need to go out and collect certain data, and there may be other stipulations. So it is, you know, it is an important question and moving forward. And, you know, I think I think how we deal with it and kind of the, it was going to be very important and it's going to be really important for the developers to have clear an understanding and what the expectations are moving forward because, you know, their business they got a plan they got a plan. All right, so we're going to have to work together on this. So, you know, perspectives on the committee on this over. Now, or over cake or whenever our, our welcome or just in the future. Well you do have some hands raised. So we'll go ahead and run through those and then, and then we can move along so we'll turn to Scott rod Kevin and then carry. So, I have, I'll start with a question. Am I correct that this is the first such study of this kind undertaken by Bowman support of a wind, wind offshore wind development the US have you done anything like this in the Atlantic, for example, or is this the first time you've tried this, if you did do anything in the Atlantic what were the key lessons that are learned that are relevant to this discussion that you want to have here, and the question you posed. Well, I can jump in and try to answer that. We did do some some researching to reach out to our colleagues on that in the Atlantic and kind of depends on how you depends on how you want to define the study but it really was the for this is the first of, if we're looking at. The first of this kind of this focus type of study. Okay, okay, then, then you've answered that quick so then I will go on to give my, my comment then you, the region asked if this study should, and I already shared this with you Rodney and Jessica so maybe it went to Pacific region I don't know but Pacific region asked if this study should be funded by industry, which I assume means the leaseholder in this case. If such funding was not a stipulation of the leases then no, not in this case I would not, I would not retroactively I don't think you can do that. My sense is that bone should take the lead role in establishing the template for such baseline studies described here. And so should fund this first ever study is if this is the first of this level of detail and I think you guys need to do that. It's the logic for the leaseholder to fund follow up studies on the lease to monitor impacts over project life over the project lifestyle cycle. But only if it was included in the stipulations the lease so you have to change change things going forward. I can see merit and bone taking the lead for the baseline studies for all leases in a particular region to insert sure consistent quality of that critical baseline data. And that will be needed to ensure independent peer reviewed assurance of scientific integrity of any such work to ensure that at the end of the day can withstand legal challenge because that's kind of what's driving this is it not you want to make sure that we do not go in violation of the endangered species act or marine mammals protection that we're trying to, you know, safeguard, you know, your role as environmental stewards right. So, I think you're you got skin in the game and you know, for now and and but I think there's a pathway to, you know, get others to fund it down the road but you got to be up front with them right. That's my, that's my two bits. Thank you. Rob, Kevin, Kerry and Rona. Oh, I couldn't agree with my co chair more. But it was, it wasn't my natural. It was brilliant. So I think that I think that this is important. It's not in my area of expertise. I think that you need to go back to decision making and requirements for leases, if you see how this is used in decision making, and how this will impact what you do with leases, then you don't need to know the whole picture you need to know how it's going to impact decision making for the bone and for leases going forward and if that's, if you see the way that that is going to be used then I think that this is something that you should be talking about and moving forward with. So, so I would say, you know, these these. So this is something we've kind of grapple with on the East Coast to because you have the impact of a particular development site, which, you know, there's, there's NEPA requirements there's there's getting the license for the, for those studies to the EPA and and a part of that burden has to be carried by the developer, just in order to meet the requirements but then with these migratory animals you have to have a regional component and right now we don't seem to have a really good mechanism of pulling together the whole regional component on the East Coast, it's, it's even more complicated where you have several companies having different lease areas up and down the coast and stuff so there has to be some kind of over, oversight of that. And, and, and I think that bone can can take a lead in that that would be my, my thoughts. And then Jeremy. And so, I agree with everything that's been said so far, my concern is not simply that the study should withstand legal challenges, but that there should be no perception of a conflict of interest and so my worry with developer funded companies would be that it would be almost impossible to keep them staying free in that respect. And so if there were a way that the money was put into some trust account and administered by bone that seems to me to be a much safer way to do it. And just to respond to that when I was talking about pulling funds that's an opportunity that we're exploring that perhaps if we were to work together with the developer that money could be channeled through the coming out it's something we're still working and talking about some just talking about it conceptually. Thanks Rodney it'll be interesting to follow that development should it come to fruition Jeremy I think you are next. I would say is wholly appropriate for bone to take the lead on these you ultimately are the one that has the NEPA responsibility, not the developer. You're the one that has to make the assurance of no jeopardy. Not the developer. And you're the one that we as as citizens and residents of the United States look to to protect all of our interests not just our energy development interests but our natural resource interests so. Yeah, I have no problem with you undertaking this this work and I think particularly if this is new and somewhat novel then let's do it and let's do it right. And let's get a good template out there. Yeah, agreed with all that. And also outside my area of expertise by a long shot, but something that I've heard in conversations with folks who are who do work within that area is a concern that when data are collected and maintained by developers for it's very hard for the rest of the scientific community and the broader public to be able to gain access to and use those data which could be used actually for a whole range of purposes. And so I think by taking some direct responsibility for data collection production etc overseeing that process, not only do you help ensure continuity and quality, but you also ensure accessibility of that information. And I think that's actually super important. So thank you for the opportunity to comment. Seeing no additional hands in the room or online. I think 19 comments on the chat. Yes. There's been an extremely active chat today throughout the whole program so we will absolutely be capturing that as Academy staff but I want to open this to Rodney to kick off our celebration of the studies. Thank you programs 50th anniversary. Fantastic. Thank you. I've got about 63 slides to go through so just bear with me as much as I just, I just got a few, just to set the context. And also our graphics designer so wonderful was looking at that ground here is amazing. So yeah 50 years of ocean science. And in 1973, I, I, you know, I often say in looking back, you know, when Congress actually did the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act and actually created the environmental studies program that they got it right. I think it's, I think it's good to have a small program that can actually reach out to other to the private sector to academics and others to pull in research. This time I mean it is, it's challenging. I mean, all the things we've talked about today, you're looking at, you know, the impacts on the human marine and coastal environments. Wow. You know, I mean that's just such a handful. That's why we have the experts we do but it's, you know, it's really a lot. Next. You know, 76 looks like a really good year for the environmental studies program. We're going to get back there. We're a little higher in 23 than we were in 22 that's mainly because of my right fund. But we've been kind of up and down over the years and you know my hope is that as we continue for the next 50 years, which we will. But our budget, our science budget really kind of becomes commensurate with all the activities that we will be overseeing. So for years it was just oil and gas and as you know we've talked about there's so many more things. Now that we're in charge of next. So I think you got to hit it again when when you think about you just talking to people what do you think about when they talk about the environmental studies program nimble, flexible and proactive these are some of the things that that come to mind, which makes me very pleased to be part of an amazing program like we have next. But what makes it amazing is really the people. So, again, we don't have the aircraft, the ships, the satellites, but we got some amazing people and dedicated scientists. And if you look at some of the outfits, you know, some of them were from the 70s there are the 80s and some of them a little more modern but you know you can see some familiar faces in there over the, you know that the entire time we've really existed and I think it's just, you know, really been pretty amazing. Next. So I really think our legacy is really not only to produce the use inspired science but also use inspired scientists is that over the last 50 years, there's been a lot of scientists created through our funding. A lot of people got their PhDs masters a lot of people went on to fantastic careers. And I think that's really an important part of our legacy is something to be proud of. So, with that, we're going to go eat cake. I think so. Thank you. So we have the cake just outside the room that folks are welcome to, and I'll just note for the cost of members we do have a scheduled dinner tonight. Eric, maybe you can give us some input on when and where the reservations are. 630. About five and a one from the hotel. All right. Well, let's see. You've been through a lot of these and this was an exceptionally productive meeting today. I really and really want to shout out to the bone folks for a great job folks presenting your stuff. We had cogent concise presentations left room for a lot of discussion. I really want to thank our guests are special guests from so many of them, calling in some odd hours, really appreciate that. And I want to thank our staff for pulling this all together so I think Ronnie I don't know how you feel but I thought this was a pretty particularly productive day once. Very good so thank you all very much.


Can I kiss you? The question may sound silly, but sailors aboard Naval Air Station Signela learn why that might be the most important question you could ask your partner. Mike Domish, the founder of The Date Safe Project, heads to Signela to give sailors a new perspective on dating and sexual assault prevention. Too often people say things like, don't rape. Which doesn't give anybody something to do about it. So what we're going to do is give people real skill sets that are easily implementable into their lives. Give them the reason why they want to be able to use it and how. Get the ultimate combination of more sailors making the right choices, which most are. Hospital corpsman third class Charisma Forrest, a sailor aboard Naval Air Station Signela, says she really took a lot away from the event, including learning about sexual maturity. He said, can I kiss you?  I never thought about it that way. I just thought about it as you're not supposed to ask. He just wants to go for it. He said it was an immature way of thinking. Sexual assault is an issue whether you're in the military or a civilian alike. The Navy continues to educate its sailors on sexual assault to raise awareness and further prevention. From Naval Air Station Signela, I'm Petty Officer Sean Hillier.


Mae'n meddwl beth sy'n meddwl i'r ddechrau eu bod yn brin bogh yn ddod yn gwneud yn ei bod arfer oedd y dyma'r ddweud. Mae'n meddwl am y fath geithasio i ddyliau ar y ddweud. Ond yw yw'r fath greu yma chi i'r dda chi eich y 촬영ol yn ei bobl? Mae hynny'r ddweud yn ei bobl eich bod yn ei bobl. Pwysig yn ei bobl erion i'r bobl eich bod yn ei bobl, yn ei bobl clyweddau a'r peidiau i'r ddechrau ar yr eich pliad. Mae eich bobl yn y cyffredinol yma. Felly yn ymddugol, gyda'r ffordd ychydig. Mae'r ddau sydd y gallwn yn ei gweithio'r ddau a'r ddau sydd yn ei gweithio. Diolch o'r bus yn ei ffordd a'r ddau sydd yn ei gweithio'r ddau, mae'n mynd i'ch gweithio'r bydd yn llai'n gweithio. Felly mae'n gweithio'r cyllid yma chi wedi'i'r ddau ddau, mae yma'r ddau'r cyllid yn y ddau'i ddau, ac mae'n gweithio'r ddau a ddau i'n gweithio, Ie beth, that will be different for every practice but our practice put late payment fees on to client's accounts if appropriate and if they are not paid. It means a lot of chasing up. I know our practice manager is always on うfctr trend within the phone chasing up clients.  Most small animal work, to my knowledge, is you pay on the day. It is quite a luxury to have an account and a lot of people have a lot of money on account. It does is a big deal even in the small practice, I worked in England I started is to spend a couple of evenings every month before and after the account run. Just going over the bad debtor's list and trying to get people to pay. But then you get as the vett lists of clients that you can't go to. If you take an ffost machine and get at least some if not all of the payment at the time. You just don't have to have someone in the office chasing up the details. So I would say non-regular clients... ...is very important and get payment up front. ac yn ymwybod i'r rhan o'r dyfodol, mae ymweliad ymateb ymweliad.人gyfeydd yn gwybod i'r cyfreunio, ac mae'r hyn yn arddangos eu bwylio'n gweithio. Pwylio'n gweithio, ac mae hefyd arddangos bod ffosemife. Ydw i'r cinsenfform ffilt iawn, yn yw yw cynnu i'r bwylio yng Nghymru a'r hyn ymddi yn ei gael ymddangos os yw ymweliad. ac mae'r cyfion wedi eu digwydd o fewn. Nid gw feddwl i'r gwnesai. all y time we have people asking for accounts and the vet will come to me and say can this client have an account and the way I think about it or the way I was told to think about it is would you pay the bill for the client and then be happy to take the money back off of the client and so as a new graduate if you can look your client in the eye and go that's all right I'll pay this bill for you and you slowly pay it back to me then you're allowed to give them an account. Bad debtors are a headache so someone comes in they promise you that if you save their dog they will they will pay for it and so you take it on on their promise and you work your guts out and you fix their dog and then they take their dog home and they don't come back in for the first revisit you think well that's all right maybe they got really busy and then they don't come back in for stitches out and then they don't start paying off any of their bill and slowly you're going to get a sense of dread that they're never going to come in and take care of that bill for an associate or a new graduate the first thing that happens then is guilt because normally you're the one who's okayed an account for them so you're the one who's put the practice in the whole 1500 dollars as an owner what I see and and I see it not going directly into the bank accounts that the staff salary comes out from and so I see the line between money being in there to pay for taxes and things like that and money being there to pay staff salaries lower and lower and that's really heart-wrenching I think that's the thing it's an emotional hit when someone doesn't pay their account having promised that they would and it it keeps happening it's never the ones you expect they can rock up in their beamer with their dog dying you work a miracle and and send it home well and and happy and they're the ones that won't pay even though you are sure they would well it affects the value of what you've done for that dog but it also affects the value of what you're doing for everybody else's dogs because it means that they're either going to get lower levels of service because you can't afford an endoscope or they're going to have to be charged more accurately or you have to increase your prices next year because you've had $20,000 worth of bad debtors this year and so everybody suffers except for the bum who doesn't pay