Namaste. Good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening wherever you may be across the planet around the world My name is Greg from in5d.com Zantasia.com in5d.net for quantum tie-dye and today we're going to be talking about those mother fuckers who were fear-mongering over the eclipse now I Honestly, I don't have any of this scripted out sometimes.  Let's just do it the way it is right now. So let's do it the one thing I have noticed Leading up to today and today's solar eclipse Here in the United States and I don't know if this is true for everyone else, but I know it's true for Allie and me excessive tiredness Not just tiredness excessive Really really really tired sleeping Going to bed early sleeping late waking up taking naps Maybe sometimes sleeping anywhere between 10 to 14 hours or more In a day for me, that's unusual I'm curious if anyone watching Live or on the recorded version has been experiencing this this has been going on for me for about At least a week if you've been Experiencing the tiredness as well excessive tiredness. Let me know how long it's been going on for you as well Ali and I had been answering on our weekly show every Tuesday night global predictions for the past five weeks March 5th 12th 19th 26th and April Second we've been answering questions About the eclipse and I'll just play a couple of them while people are Filing in okay But yeah, this is this is from Allie and me on When was this this one's from March 19th, this was I believe our the third week that we've been getting questions about the eclipse, so let's Let's take a peek at it. Shall we? Right off the bat. Yeah, not everything is as what it seems, right? So there's things that are going on With this particular comet and on this particular day that to me it's almost as if Something unknown is gonna everyone has their their ideas of what could be and what you know, it might represent, but I Think that there's something else going on something else Celestial got the star card and I that's what I think you know if anyone's been Experiencing these bouts of tiredness. That's often when you get these DNA upgrades So that might be what's happening with these particular tarot cards And it might have something to do with the energies that are coming in with this comet So just pay attention to that you know The the the word DNA upgrades popping into my head. Yeah, there's prop There's probably new energies coming in like with what we got from the hanged band to look at things from a different angle There's new energies definitely coming in When you have that kind of alignment as well photonic energy lunar energies but What really started to tick me off happened weeks ago and I'll give you some examples here I was sent this one particular message on Facebook and I thought this this just doesn't sound right It says warning secret Intelligence leak. Okay. Yeah, right.  Oh, they're planning a biological attack on April 8th just before the totality of the eclipse I guess that didn't happen.  That's the part that irks me Let us take a look at what happened on Twitter. Thank you Kendra. Yes Engagement farming 101 I call these fuckers out every time Every time and then I block them And my Twitter feed has been so much better since then but I'm still getting these Fuckers there. Here's a post from crushy good ol crushy crushy says he's maga marine loves his lord Jesus has three children for grandsons chump 2024 never surrender.  It's the article. I'm sorry. It's by Medea Greer right and it's posted of all days right April 1st April Fool's Day How many fools fell for this shit?  Yeah, is it related to the end times? Apparently not Edgar Casey map, which he was He wasn't putting out correct information by the time that map came around because everybody was trying to mine him for Information and he just he and he would give it to everyone and eventually it got clouded So it made me wonder about this this person Did you like this article?  Let's take a peek Says she's the editor not editor-in-chief, but the editor chief at AMG hyphen news Let's take a look at some of the bullshit She's been posting boom with a couple cues where the O's are supposed to be Trump's executive orders blah blah blah Gitmo tribunals blah blah blah.  It's been debunked at cajillion times But she's posting it anyway.  Are you aware of the sinister symbolism embedded within your artistry? This is their artistry. Let's take a look at it.  Oh Boy, it begins.  Yeah, I haven't seen anything happen. I live in Florida. Ah What else? Oh God?  I don't even think this person is a real person honestly. I bet you that's a AI generated photo And that this person doesn't exist. It's probably some dude hiding behind some chick wouldn't surprise me at all That's what I'm feeling Intuitively, but it made me wonder and if we we look at Support us.    He's a charlie Ward Breaking this is huge Count the amount of times you see this ethan video Judy buying 10 sg and on okay? Yeah hide behind that fictitious name sg and on Charlie Ward and Michael Flynn huge Intel Breaking this is huge breaking. This is huge Charlie Ward breaking news April 4th shocking Charlie Ward breaking this is huge This is huge This is huge and it goes on look at this shit How much do you have to flood the internet with dis info from Charlie Ward, right now? Charlie Ward is the fucktard that said that Nassara originated under JFK in the early 1960s and we'll see it very gradually the quantum financial system is the operating system Well first off AI doesn't recognize any quantum financial system Charlie and the only Currencies that can be entered into the quantum system are Goldback currencies so by default the quantum system becomes gold back because everything that's connected to it Has to be gold backed now as we sit here today. We already know that bricks has gone gold back So check it out for yourself if you don't believe me bricks is not backed by gold This is more dis info by Charlie Ward Brazil Russia India China South Africa along with Argentina Saudi Arabia and a couple of others Which I'll come on to at the moment already have currencies gold backed No, Charlie Ward. There are no currencies backed by gold as of today First of all, let's get one thing very very clear that every country in the world bar none and every territory bar None has signed up to just our outside of America No, that's hot air and bullshit, Charlie the first time that Nassara the doc the documentations on the sorrow were written in the late 1950s Some people believe that when you touch your nose or in Charlie's case it looks like he's picking his nose Some people believe that that's a sign of lying the documentations on the sorrow were written in the late 1950s so before I was born I was born in 1960 and They were gonna be implemented in 1963 I think it was yeah 1963 for the first time and John F. Kennedy was the man that was going to implement You'll find nothing about Nassara on the internet until 2000 or so when Harvey Bernard's Nassara website went live Shortly after Bernard's death in 2005 Shanae Candace Goodwin used Nassara as a ploy to extort money from unsuspecting victims By making the same outrageous promises of Nassara just Sarah that we hear to this day just like the bullshit We just heard from Charlie Ward Now Charlie Ward is the fucktard that said that Nassara originated under JFK in the early 1960s Bullshit Massive bullshit You can't find anything about Nassara before it was created by by Harvey Bernard I think it was like 1989 maybe early 1990s.  I don't dig lying Not into that So then here we go if Uncle Intel wasn't bad enough. We have auntie Well, eight but so will a lot of other things hang on to your bridges Because it's about to get real. Not only will there be a solar eclipse, which Which already happened and we're all here. That's it right with me because it's supposed to be in Aries But it's somehow stuck in Pisces. I'm gonna do a video about a certain song And how I feel like it correlates with the fact that this eclipse Will be stuck in Pisces. I'll stay tuned. That'll be a big deep dive for you later today It will also wait cause The elephant the top to be created over America the last three eclipses and it will go over seven cities named in a City named Jonah and a city named Rapture. I've done multiple videos on that guys go check it out But there will also be other things happening up there in the firmament. I mean an outer space Obviously obviously a flat earth or Set to Go right over us at the same time and flat earth is another psi-op out there because Say all you want about it Until one flat earth or films another one walking off the edge. It'll never be proven or until one flat earth or can take a drone and Take video of the end of the earth and the alleged firmament It can never be proven. So, you know Whatever she's saying take with a grain of salt. As a matter of fact, I'm just about done with her How is the eclipse it is called the devil's comet because of its two Portruding horns out of its mass. Well, that's weird and speaking of strange evil things in the sky Did you know NASA is planning to shoot a rocket? No, it's at the Sun Anyway, I've had enough Nauseating April 8th. There'll be more than just an eclipse.  Let's call him uncle fucktard instead It's not just a normal solar eclipse and even if it was that would be bad news enough. Really? Well, it's already came and gone. We're still here Upon further investigation, I have far more confidence in the things that I've already said Let me show on further investigation.  I'll show you what I have found 7.4 earthquake and several aftershocks hit Taiwan yesterday eight days after it's earthquakes happen every day Fucktard total lunar eclipse hit the Pacific plate in the North American plate at the same time for reference The learning clips covered this area right here over top of the divide between the Pacific and North American plates The earthquake was over. Anyway, this guy this guy is like it's almost 10 minutes full of fear mongering That's only 30 seconds of it. Hey, you notice like like the fear music in the background too.  I mean Hi everyone, that's Joining me. I haven't had really a chance to say hi to everyone.  It's better to be safe than sorry, right? You know, if you think you're getting good and tell and you put it out there You think you're gonna help a lot of people. I Think these people are doing it intentionally Trying to You know the the collective consciousness there. That's there. They're trying to suppress that Put that fear out there and is it possible that While everyone's talking about this crap and the big nothing burger that happened today Is it possible that there is something much bigger going on in the background? perhaps has that has something to do with maybe the dollar collapse or world currency collapse Stock market collapse Planning of that going on well while everyone's focused over here all the shit's going on in the background to me that has a greater probability of What happened today than anything else? the bottom line is To use your discernment when you hear these bullshitters. I've been in this field. I've had a website Since 2005 my first website was a Maya website to show people that 2012 wasn't the end of the world I Got a video on my in 5d youtube channel and it ended up getting like I don't know 15 million views or more To show people it's not the end of the world because there was all that fear-mongering going out and Was that one fucked hard producer that emiric? Was it Roland emiric I believe something like that he put out that fear-laden 2012 movie fuck him to put that into the collective and that's and as a matter of fact my Video came out long before his I just wanted to show people it's not the end of the world nothing to fear We're all gonna be okay And it's to this I've actually went back about a month ago and I watched it And it's like I think it's maybe a three-hour movie almost a three-hour movie And it's got fascinating information in it still to this day You can find that on obviously on the n5d youtube channel but And after that I created in 5d after I got this download and was basically told to build a website called n5d and to name it in 5d and I taught myself how to build that website from scratch from code been here ever since And that was back in 2009, but originally it was like almost 20 years ago And that's when you know, I remember and some of you guys that have been in this genre as long as I have Probably remember some of the bullshit That was going on back then Like from the office of poof or poof-ness remember that fuck-tard Uh, he's no he died.  But this whole nasara thing like I said it began in 1989 by this this guy that wrote a Proposed college lecture on the acronym that was based on nasara's original acronym And then after blossom good child hijacked that idea The acronym changed to something slightly different But it was still called nasara at the time and and she's the one that embellished nasara and added on all this crap Like everyone's going to receive a hundred thousand dollars and all the bills that will magically disappear And all debt will be forgiven and she's the one that put that bullshit in there And her goal was basically and she was caught doing it Extorting money from people that were investing into whatever they would need to invest in something that Was going to eradicate their bills and everything didn't make sense But she was still getting donations saying that oh, I need you know this much money for my server and the website To go out and put out flyers and banners and blah blah blah She was extorting people for money And that's where the second version of nasara came from and that's what people are pushing to this day And it's all built on lies hot air and bullshit I do believe ellie and I have talked about this I do believe that there is some Prosperity plan some benevolent plan Maybe the roman catholic church will get exposed for their crimes against humanity and their net worth will be Divided amongst the world's population creating instant abundance for everyone something along that line maybe they'll finally expose the truth about birth certificates, right And how much everyone's worth allegedly anywhere between 10 to 20 million dollars a person that you're Allegedly your your numbers are being traded on the new york stock exchange and all that stuff I'm not saying any of that's going to happen, but something like that will happen and it won't be nasara or jissara It can't because nasara and jissara well the new version of nasara from blossom or uh Candice shinai goodwin I'm sorry. I might just call it blossom. Good child, but Candice shinai goodwin Was the one that Turned everything around on the oldest nasara came up with the new acronym Bunch of lies extorted money So I can't be based on that because it was based on lies That goes against universal law and it can't happen. It won't happen But will something similar happen? Yeah, sure. Why not? I don't see why not Yeah, claudette's saying that she was giving people a false sense of security.  Okay, the earth's flat. Okay Next what are you gonna do about it? What if it is? Okay Well that proves that they were lying to us.   Did we if we learned that Do you think either bush would have been elected president here in the united states? down the rabbit hole I posted a video the other day I'll see if I can find it.   I don't know if he's still channeling or not and I got to say channeling is real It is real I've unintentionally channeled myself. So I I'm not I'm not anyone that channels I'm not putting you down But there was this one channeler Mike Kinsey with a cue Who channeled this? allegedly being called salusa and that was part of the Discernment that I was telling you guys about does anyone remember Back in 2011 blossom good child When she said that the federation of light was going to land and the skies all around the world would be filled with UFOs Does anyone remember that? I do After she put out that information Mike Kinsey and salusa magically jumped on the bandwagon saying yes, I have confirmed.  I'd love to see med beds.  We've been saying that. Oh, isn't that funny justice? We've been saying for the last five weeks It's a nothing burger. Enjoy the day And that's where I'm gonna leap off Hope you guys had a great day. Maybe you were able to watch the eclipse On tv, maybe he were in the line of it here in florida southern florida. Uh, we didn't have much of a Maybe it would have been maybe a 40 30 percent eclipse from here And to me, I knew it was going to be a nothing burger. So I didn't even go out and check it out But if you did, I hope you enjoyed it As I mentioned in the beginning of the video One thing I have noticed is that I've been extraordinarily tired Way more than I can remember ever Sleeping anywhere from 10 to 14 16 hours And I'm wondering if it's from these energies Cumulative energies and if anyone else is feeling those kind of Bouts of tiredness Because you do get these upgrades when When you go to sleep And you also travel inter dimensionally So More stuff is probably happening in your dream state than it is than it is in real life, especially today with today's solar eclipse nothing burger So on that note, I'm gonna bid you all amazing evening And I want to thank you for tuning in to in 5d And if you haven't subscribed yet, please do Ellie and I will be back tomorrow tomorrow night with tuesday night Depending on when you're watching this every tuesday night. Ellie and I do a show global predictions starts at eight o'clock eastern and then at 10 o'clock Eastern We switch over to rumble and we do a live and uncensored show there So please join us on both of those shows on tuesday nights Please like share subscribe and i'm gonna bid you all do much love and light to everyone from my heart to yours Take care everyone


Uh, I think we're good to go out like I was always so perfect on the air now. Hello, I'm here to party crash the recording, so we're talking about Azure Stack. Welcome everyone to a new video of our Azure Stack partner solutions video series. I'm lucky again that I'm here with Tiberio Radu from the Azure Stack Hub team and he will introduce me to a new partner solution today. Tibi, how is it going and who I'm going to talk to today? Hello Thomas. Hello everyone. Today we're going to talk with a partner that actually started as a service provider and then they transformed that the solution that they built for themselves. They transformed that into a managed service and a package that they actually offer to other CSPs and other service providers. Dodi will go through their journey and how they got here as well as how they work with other service providers to enhance their solutions. Like before in this Azure Stack Hub partner solution series, we talk with partners both with service providers as well as with enterprises but also with ISVs that build solutions on top or beside the partner to enhance, augment and help them accelerate their adoption with their customers. That's awesome. Now I'm really looking forward to that. That sounds super interesting. I will switch over to Dodi and talk to him today what he actually offers. Hey, welcome, Dodi. Nice to meet you. I hope you're doing really well. So we are going to talk about today about our Azure Stack Hub partner solutions. Before we start, can you introduce yourself a little bit and also your company? Sure. Thanks, Thomas and thanks, Tibi. My name is Dodi Muido. I'm the CTO and co-founder of ITRA and how we started actually is coming in from our parent company who's a what Tibi was mentioning, a CSP. Back in 2011 though, our headquarters in Toronto, there's really no public clouds out here. So for us, it was really one of those early adopters trying to find ways and that's where our journey actually started. So we started playing around with cloud hosting side, different sites of technologies out there. And then circle back around 2014, AWS is coming prevalent, then Microsoft Azure launched. And all of a sudden, you need to start looking at as a service provider, how do you capitalize that opportunity? As you all know, you will never actually be able to compete with some of these hyperscalers at that small scale. So what we started doing is starting to say, how can we complement that with the value? And that's when we started looking at a hybrid cloud solution. With that journey that we've had and the environment that we're in, we're able to actually start looking for experimentations at that point. And we only have two choices really, it's either you win or you learn. So really for us, it's really that journey that made this happen. When we started looking at, hey, you know what, it's now making some sort of gains with our CSP, adding managed services on top, started looking at that in 2016. And it started hitting on the scalability side, because we're still in that virtual appliance. So here comes Docker came in, and we started saying, you know what, we need to start investing on modernizing that application. Circleback 2016, we were able to modernize into a microservice stack, so that we can deploy that in any public cloud like Microsoft Azure, or even on-prem. But the real value for this, having that journey, is we're able to create a product, not only for innovating and providing that IP on the platform, but really giving our journey and our expertise to any of the CSPs out there. So 2018 is when we start deciding to actually productize this. We had two paths, either we started using it full on with Iveta, and currently Iveta is a direct CSP today. And we're actually doing, we're launching some of our US and Mexico CSP registrations as well, and starting to actually grow in that direction. But in terms of itch or the product, we started launching it. And what we're looking for is we looked for about 10 direct CSPs that are willing to invest the time and work with us. That's around 2019, which is just last year. And look what happened to COVID at 2020. It's almost like skipping that 2020 year and just saying, hey, where's 2021? So for us, it was really a journey because really 2019 and then going to 2020. I was actually with TB had the privilege to go in Singapore in 2019 in front of like, I would say 30 CSPs there. And TB is saying, you know what, it will be great to share what you have. So one of the reasons why we called it ITRA, it's because it's a Sanskrit word for journey. So YATRA is a Sanskrit word for journey. And so we always think that every single CSP is no matter what level, it starts with a journey. And that's basically how we started. Oh, that sounds awesome. Now I love the part where he said, you win or you learn. And I love what you're doing. You made this journey, right?  Speaking about, again, you mentioned CSPs and service providers and their environment, what kind of clients do you work with? What is the typical client you're working with in that case? Yes. So it has multiple ranges. A lot of the main use cases basically is for clients where the public cloud Azure is not in that region and they actually wanted to become a cloud provider in that region side. So what they usually do is they created their own Azure Stack Hub region sites in there so that it can complement Azure and Azure Stack as a hybrid. So basically, it ranges from some regional telcos, it ranges from some large CSPs out there, and then there's some data center, tier two data center guys that are now looking at, hey, you know what, we're stuck with virtualization, we're stuck with managed hardware. How can we actually create operational efficiencies by adopting this type of architecture and getting ready for the edge play as well, right? And I know you guys have that Azure Stack edge as well. One side note to that is we are working with a healthcare service provider that basically, you know when that COVID thing happened, and they're doing some innovations by creating those sort of a pods where you can just put a pod anywhere in the world and have an instant healthcare. So with that, we started looking at edge, Azure Stack edge in this case, and that's going to be on the future side. But mainly for the Azure Stack site, it really does range for telcos and tier two data centers. Okay, that's super interesting. I love that. I worked a lot with service providers in the past, and I'll just love that business, and I really like these scenarios. So you brought up hybrid, obviously, and the intelligent edge and so on. My question here would be, why did you choose Azure Stack Hub and how does it fit in your role hybrid environment or solution in that case? Why did you pick Azure Stack Hub? That's a great question, Thomas. Actually, when we started looking at it, we looked at it in two types. We looked at it on the technical side of things, and we looked at it on the business perspective. So when we started looking at direct CSPs and CSPs out there, we started looking at why is it such a vibrant community for Microsoft? It's because it's always been like that. They're always channel focused. So really looking at even some help from TB, when we started reaching out to them, starting putting it in the Azure Stack Labs in our lab site, having some of those initial challenges, you always know that there's always help. So for us, really, the reason why we've done that is that we know for a fact that having that business aspect of it that's taking care of, it really helps that service providers. But at the same time, really what's happening here without the cloud infrastructure yet, virtualization is there. So you're looking at storage and compute, so you can do all that. But really what they did is they put in the networking aspects in there as well. So that there's no more VLAN creation manually. There's no more all of that. And it's really putting a hybrid cloud solution together. And some of those use cases could be is that there's still some customers, enterprise customers that are still not quite ready. Not the fact that Azure is not ready, but basically the operating model and the pricing model at point. With Azure Stack Hub, you're able to actually the licensing part is amazing for service providers. Because then you can actually help monetize as well. So you get your MSRP, but at the same time, you can actually make some ROI investments. If you do, I think, two major things. It's if you do utilization efficiency, if you started bringing in customers in there and utilizing that capacity, but at the same time, how well it is managed on the labor efficiencies. So that's the reason why it provides a holistic solution to become hybrid. But at the same time, it actually makes it easier for us to look at Azure Stack Edge as well. So it's an edge core cloud type of strategy. And that's what we started building that platform inside. And some of the key highlights why we built that platform. And actually, after talking to TB and the guys there is that there's some challenges for service providers when in regards to customer creation in Azure Stack connected mode, there's some sort of PowerShell scripts there where we started putting a REST API wrapper around it so that it looks like you have a partner center where you can have that partner center integration while having that customer account creation efficiently. The point, sorry, go ahead. No, that sounds very nice. I was dealing with that. And then I had this flashback, like how important that actually is. So I really love that. But go on, sorry about that. The same time as well as we created, we started looking at meters. And I know, TB, was we're whiteboarding some stuff there and he's saying, you know what, I know you can look at reconciliation and partner center, but why don't you just use the Azure meters DB in there, the Azure Stack meters DB. So we actually implemented that quickly and knowing that, hey, we can provide some estimates. But at the same time, we can get all of those meters right away. With that, we put a pricing. So similar as if you're going to price it in Azure, we create it in our platform so that CSPs can price it and gain more margin plays in there. So that really helps them with their bottom line. And with that, basically, is that's where we provide the top level solutions for our customers. So we focus more on those. Okay. Now that's very, again, coming from that field working with service providers, this is really important stuff. So this is absolutely, I mean, there are many great reasons to use Azure Stack Hub and I'm happy to make this decision. To understand a little bit more, how are you now using the platform to actually like provide value to these customers and clients we were talking about? So for direct CSPs in this case and their customers, it's really looking at that self-serve capability as well. But at the same time, it provides them a white label branded platform so that their digital presence is there. So you get the portal, you get your branded portal where your customers can go in. And it really provides three major things is that it accelerates your time to market with your branded platform. I think we all knew that already from the COVID days where some of the brick and mortars are starting to now raise towards a digital presence that we didn't, they didn't have before. So that's one. The second one is we put a managed service catalogs, what TV is mentioning, how do you now provide other values? So we're creating managed service catalogs in the platform so that people or CSPs can provide added value and create more revenue for them. Our main goal for that is to be sticky with the customers, increase your customer lifetime value. And lastly, with their open REST API capability, we're now putting a future proof, future proofing their business. So when then Azure Stack Edge comes along or Azure Arc or any other services, we can simply integrate that to the platform. That sounds fantastic. I also love what you said at the end here, which I really like that it's not just about Azure Stack Hub, it's really about the whole ecosystem around it, also with other Azure Stack products like Azure Stack Edge or Azure in general, where it really drives this hybrid approach. When it comes to actually using the platform, you managed a couple of things already, how you did some of the integration. What kind of platform features do you use to actually provide this to your customers? Yeah, that's a great question. So part of the modules that we have as well is that multi hybrid, multi cloud management platform so that you can bring in multiple different Azure Stack hubs into a single unified play. We integrated with offerings, so base offers. You know those base offers where you have to actually put it and spin it up to each of the Azure Stack regions. And there's a lot of challenges there because they're looking at, we've talked to some of these direct CSPs and we'll say, you know what, why don't you just put it as default, just default default. It's really looking at the capacity capability, capacity management, doing that quota for all those base offers. But at the same time, simplifying that if you have multiple Azure Stack hubs, in one platform, you can manage your base offers in your quotas and just simply just push it into those systems. The second one is having that orchestration where you can provide, you know, your VNet creation. So IAS is predominantly the services that's been integrated. We are currently looking at, we finish our public cloud Azure AKS integration. So we're now diving into workloads and workloads. So two types that we've seen is that predominantly some of the customers that are doing the Azure Stack hub, a lot of them is IAS. They're starting to dive into that Kubernetes AKS services. But again, it's coming into a challenge, right? Not a lot of people are well aware and exposed to, hey, what is Kubernetes? And how do they actually utilize that? Because there's such too much of a cross-functional unit that has to know those things. No, that's fantastic. Again, I really like, again, the play of the hybrid features that we can go that. And you can also do, as you said, for me, that's kind of like the traditional IAS things, right? But also looking at like more modern solutions with Kubernetes and bring that to life. I think that's absolutely great. So obviously, I'm sure the viewers are already very interested in your solution and where they can actually find more. So I want to ask you, if I'm interested in your solution or your company, where can I find more? Sure. So currently you can find it at www.itra.com. We are currently, it's a placeholder. I know Tibi has been asking me to actually look at that when is that going to get updated. It's because we're still in the stealth mode side of things. We're trying to finish about four major journey with the partners and customers. But then you can find us there or we'll be happy to send some of our contact information. That's awesome. So again, if you're watching this video, first of all, you learned that Tibi is great, but you also learned he can sometimes be a little bit of a pain when it comes to for asks. Again, check out the website. We will put all the links in the description of this video. So you will be fine going out and learn more about the solutions. Dodie, I want to thank you very much for having you on the call today.  I hope I see you in the next one. Thanks Thomas, and it's a pleasure to be here as well.


So, let us get cracking. We will do a very brief review of the editor class, where I have added some more member functions. Last time, we had said that just as we had defined a class called stack.h in a separate file. Similarly, we could define another class called editor. For the sake of convenience, we had included the entire editor class definition as a part of your main file itself. So, this is what we had looked at. There is a preliminary documentation. So, we were defining the editor class. Now, notice that we had said yesterday that we might want to examine somewhere in between as to what is being edited. And therefore, we would like a function which in the midst of editing should be able to display to me what is the status of editor. If you recall, the main definition of the editor class used two private data members, which were two stacks, which in turn were defined as part of the stack class, L stack and R stack. And we defined of course an array called text, an array called word for adding an integer number called size and cursor. Notice the member functions which we had defined. We had an init member function, move cursor member function, text insert member function, text delete member function. What I have added is a text display member function. What I have also added is a text return member function. Because if I give something for editing, at the end I must get back the edited version. So, I need a member function which will return whatever is the status of editor, the edited text should be given back to me. So, I have a character array here in which I expect the text to be returned. And I have an out length or the length of the edited text. Notice that when I give the text in, I need to define a parameter, which is just an absolute parameter because the value will be copied from the main parameter. I do not need to return back anything. But in case of returning of the text, edited text, I must reassign the appropriate value of the size of the edited text back to the calling function parameter. And therefore, the calling function must use a pointer, which is what is indicated here. This is of course an array. So, we will look at, we will just go through the other function definitions, which we have already seen. But we will specifically look at the definition of the two new functions, which we have defined here. Text display and text return. Please remember for both of these, we shall be using the L stack and R stack. Just to recall, we have a definition of a cursor. All characters to the left of the cursor are pushed onto L stack. All characters to the right of the cursor are pushed onto the right stack. That will be the status of the editor at any point in time. So, this is of course the initialization. We are all familiar with this. I just push the text into an internal array and then I initialize these two stacks and I push all my characters onto the right stack. So, whatever is the size, from size minus 1 to 0, because I have to push the characters, the last character should be the first one to be pushed in, because that is the order in which the character should appear on the stack. Move cursor is very straightforward. I just check whether the cursor is within bounds. If not, I give error messages. Otherwise, depending upon whatever is the cursor position relative to the new cursor position, where I want to move, I will shift characters either to left stack from right stack or to right stack from left stack. So, it is a very simple implementation. Again, the way how the stacks are handled is hidden from us. It is part of stack dot h. So, as long as I use push and pop commands, I am comfortable that the commands will be executed proper. Text insert member function will insert some text at the cursor position to the left of it. As we said, we will expect a word to be added to be given to us along with its length. We are just temporarily pushing it into an internal array here, word i and then we find out the length of that word. So, notice that this int length, which is given is irrelevant, because we are using our own calculation here. If the total size after addition of the word becomes larger than the capacity, I say sorry. Otherwise, I will just push every character in that word onto the left stack, which is what is text insertion. This is the text display function. You will recall, we had mentioned yesterday that since I know the cursor and since I know all characters to the left of the cursor are in left stack and right of the cursor on the right stack, I could write a display function by which I could pop out all characters from both the stacks and display them. So, it is entirely possible to display characters in this display function itself. However, that would be a destructive operation. Why? Because the stack continues to contain the text to be edited. I have not yet finished editing. I might want display at any point in time just for cross check, in which case it is not proper to destroy the contents of the stacks. And that is why if we want to use this display, then I have written another function as a part of the stack family. So, the stack class, why I need to do that? I could have very well popped characters from left stack and right stack and showed them whenever display function is involved. But then I will have to remember all the text and again push them back. And that could be a lot of work if there are millions of characters. Now, this is happening because I have no access directly to the arrays which contain the characters in L stack and R stack. Please remember the stack.h implementation of the class internally used a member data element which was an array. And in fact, the top of the stack was a pointer to an array element. And we were pushing characters from 0th element onward till the stack was full. So, there is indeed an array available because that is how we have implemented it. Of course, we need not concern ourselves how it is implemented. But we guess that instead of popping out characters and then pushing them back again, it may be better to write a function at the stack class itself to display the stack. Because then whatever be the internal implementation, the stack class member functions will have access to those private data elements. And therefore, without moving characters anywhere, I could just access the array directly and display all the elements that I wanted. So, that is why I am displaying the stacks. So, I display the stack of characters before the cursor by saying it is stack dot display and after the cursor by saying R stack dot display. The issue is how would the stack dot display function work. So, any idea on how this will work? Recall the stack implementation. In the stack implementation, we had an array S. This was the 0th element, first element, second element and so on. How many elements would be there? In a stack at any point in time, the maximum capacity is of course the text size. So, whether it is left stack or right stack, each stack that we create will have a member element of this array which will be called S. So, any stack within the stack implementation, what is the position indicator of where the last character has been pushed on to the stack. You remember, we had declared a variable called int tops. And in fact, we were pushing characters whenever we push character or pop character command was given. The internal implementation in stack was that we increment tops. We actually push the character and then increment tops. And if we want to pop, we reduce the tops value by 1 and then take out excess that array. So, internal representation uses this S array. So, wherever I want to display any character, the best bet would be to display the corresponding character in the array directly. I don't have to do any push or pop. And push or pop can be done at the higher level, but the implementation has to be done at the stack level. So, I can't access this array outside the class stack. I can access this array only within the class stack. That is why the function display which is required at the editor level, the activity has to be pushed down to the stack level for efficiency sake. So, in any stack, the display function will say that I want to display how many characters, starting with 0, 1, 2, et cetera, et cetera up to a point. What is that point? The value of tops. Whatever is the value of tops for that particular stack, there are characters up to that point. So, consequently, I can simply put an iteration which will say for I is equal to 0, I less than tops, I plus plus. And I can simply say, see out. Do you agree that this will give me the set of characters which are in the stack at any point in time? Yes or no? This is the implementation which is completely non-destructive. I am merely examining what is there inside. But this examination cannot be done outside the class stack because all those data elements that we are referring to here are private data elements to class stack. They are not accessible from outside. That is the reason why when we looked at this, we said that editor colon colon text display function will actually invoke either an, not either, both the s-stack display and right-stack display to display both stacks. So, we know exactly what is to the left of the cursor, what is to the right of the cursor, we of course know the cursor position. So, this would be the definition of that stack display function. Very simple. Nothing else is required here. For int I equal to 0, I less than tops, I plus plus, c out, s I. Please note that this is a bare minimal function. So, it does not put any fancy output. It will just output characters one by one, whatever are the characters. There is a new line character. It will go to the new line. If there is a null character, the c out will do what? It will still print backslash 0 because we are printing a character individually. We are not printing a string. It is a significant difference between printing characters and handling characters and handling strings. You delete basically from the left stack. So, always you say left stack dot pop and you will forget those characters which come out. You must always for insertion or deletion, reset the cursor to the correct position and reset the size of the text that is being edited. This is the additional member function that we have written because anytime we give a text to be edited, then that editing will happen through the edit commands which we had briefly described last time and which we just glossed through. Namely insert a word, move cursor, delete so many characters and there is a command called quit. Now, obviously when we quit, we want the edited text to be written to us and that is why this function. So, observe what this function does. Notice that this is star out length. So, it will set star out length to size, whatever is the current size. This size is the totality of characters on the left stack and right stack together. That is the edited text. Now, if cursor is 0, that is fine. But if cursor is not 0, that means there are some characters on this side and some characters on that side. So, I move cursor to 0. Observe that when I move cursor to 0, this is an editor command itself. But this function will pop all characters from the left stack and push them onto the right stack. So, I will have all my text which has been edited on the right hand side stack and once I have that, I will insert every character into the text stack. Of course, if I wanted to be more efficient, I could have done this assignment from both left stack and right stack by popping characters, but my logic would become more complicated. So, this is the case where clearly some loss of efficiency is all right for simplicity of code or for straightforwardness of the code. When I go back in this array, I will have the written text or edited text. The main program itself, I have all these things. The difference now is last time we have seen a sample editing where the editing commands were incorporated in the main program itself. But our idea is to permit editing by any user who gives editing commands on the keyboard. And the editing commands could be insert, move, delete, etc. And the text itself would be available in some file. We therefore define a file, read its file name and after getting the file name, we want to open the file and read the file in its entirety for editing. So, last time we had seen that we of course have error checking whether the file exists or not. But otherwise, the way we read the entire text is, you will recall that we had decided to use direct access and read the whole block. In order to figure out what is the size of the file, we first set f seek and you go to seek end. And when you go to seek end, you get the file position by using the function f tell. f tell on any file pointer will give you where the current position of the file pointer is like knowing cursor in your edit. And because this f seek will set that pointer to the last, you will know that what is written by f tell is the file pos which is the size of the file. So, number of bytes, remember the byte positions like an array start from 0. So, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and whatever is the final position that is given will be actually just after the end of file because you are setting it to seek end and that will be the size of the file. Knowing this size, you say so much size. Now, you know what is the editor capacity which is the text size. So, you say if that is greater, I would not be able to handle it and quit at this juncture itself. Otherwise, you rewind the file. Remember, f seek would have pushed the internal file positioning pointer to the end. So, you bring it back all the way to the beginning and then you do a read. The read can be done in one of the two ways. You can ask the file system to read one block of size, just one unit. So, you could have said size comma 1. So, size number of bytes just one unit of that block. Alternatively, you can say read one byte, but read size number of bytes. So, block is one byte here. Remember, I had said that this could be slightly inefficient, but it is inefficient if you include a get see kind of function within an iteration. When you give everything in a single command, it is the operating system which optimizes the entire command and the operating system in fact will read the entire set of bytes in that file in the most efficient manner and get that to you. You will get that in this text. Since there is no guarantee that there is a backslash 0, in fact there is a guarantee that there will be no backslash 0 on the text file in the days, I have insert one to make it like a character string. You can recall that if you re-run, if you examine the stack functions and the editor functions properly, except when you are adding a word where backslash 0 has a significance since you want to treat the word as a string, otherwise you actually don't need backslash 0. You know exactly the count of characters, what is to be pushed, what is to be popped, etc. There is no not necessary. Having read this text, I initialize the my edit. My edit is an object of the class editor type. Now I have to implement the command handling. Since the commands are single character commands it is best handled by a switch statement. So here is the implementation. I set up a infinite iteration. Do something something while at the end. What I am going to do is every time in that iteration I will read one command, execute it and go for reading another command. So that is the process. Of course some commands require parameters. Like insert requires a word, move requires a position, delete requires a number of characters to be deleted. But once I know what that command is, I know exactly what will be the parameter following it and I can read that parameter additionally. So this is what is being done. I read an edit command which is actually a single character. I switch on that single character. So it is like a number of ifs. If edit character is I do this, if edit character is m do this, if edit character is q do this etc. And the cases say if case is m which means move, so I move cursor to the given position. I read pause now because that is a parameter for move. So whatever is the pause value I say my edit not move cursor pause. The implementation of each edit command is extremely simple now because for each of these commands I have actually written member functions in the editor class. So I don't have to write any code here. These are for insertion and deletion of text. If the command given is I, that is insert, then I have to read a word which is to be inserted. So I read add a word, I calculate add a word length and push it, I move it, I rather call my edit not text insert which will insert this word which means internally it will push these characters onto the left stack. Similarly delete, I want to delete characters at the cursor to the left of the cursor. So I read the number of characters to be deleted and I will simply invoke text delete function. Notice that no error checking is required here because that is presumably being done by the implementation of the insert and delete. If I exceed the size or if the stack becomes more than full or if the stack is empty etc. the appropriate messages would be taken care of by that group of functions. Finally the case Q when I want to quit.  So I say my edit dot text return. Observe the slight difference in invoking text return versus invoking init. While we are invoking init we were required to give the text array containing text to be edited and the size. But the size was not reflected back even if it changed in the init function. Of course it did not. In this particular case we don't know the size of the edited text. Only the editor member knows. So I say my edit dot text return out text comma and outlet. So I pass a pointer so that by reference I will get the result back.  There is a default adder because users who are typing command may not always type correctly. Somebody type z for example. There is no edit command for z. So I have to say something whenever a wrong command is given and what I am saying is sorry cannot recognize as the default. Notice the use of break statement after every case so that I will get out of this and when I execute this default of course I fall down. I don't need to use a break statement. This may not be adequate checking.  They give some abrakat abrakastring. It is therefore normally what is done professionally is you don't at all believe that the user input will be correct. You always capture characters, analyze those characters, use functions like is numeric, is alpha to ensure what that character is and then extract it using just like you have scanf, you have scanf. So you can do a scanf or string scanf. So assemble all the input characters in a string and do an scanf after validating every character to be right. That is the work that you need to do. But if nothing is there that the wrong character is given you just get out. So you see these few lines of code M for move implemented by a single line of code actually I for insert implemented again by one input and text insert D for delete implemented by using text delete, Q for quit implemented by invoking text return and invoking default for anything else. That's how simple the editor functionality becomes. Remember the do statement at the beginning we said there will be infinite loop where I will keep reading characters. So I have this while edit command is not equal to Q. If edit command is Q I get out otherwise I go back and look for other command and that I say is size of edited text is so and so and I output the output text. So this is how the editing would be performed. Here is a sample text. Enter the name of the file. I have entered some sample text in my text.txt text to be edited is hello CS 101 students greetings for the festive season. Do not forget your weekly report. Goodbye. Let us say one of my TA points out that look a number of students will be enjoying Diwali vacation and anyway the final report submission is going next week. So what is the point in asking people to submit a weekly report during a week which has a lot of holidays. So he prepares these editing commands. He says move cursor to 87 and insert enjoy. This will by the way come just before goodbye. Then he says move cursor to 61 and delete seven characters. So this is the final message. There was there was no TA when I was constructing an example. I realized that next week because of the number of emails that I have got saying I am going away. I am going away. Etc. Etc. The batches may not be functioning at full strength for their project during the next week. I realize that. However there is one caveat to this. This is by the way the true announcement. So you don't have to submit a weekly report next week. However the individual members of the batch must remain accountable to the progress of the project because the next week is your final submission and therefore set up an email contact or whatever it is spent at least one or two hours during the festive days but do contribute so that your project turns out to be best. Don't forget that the project evaluation has a very large share of percentage of the evaluation. Thank you.


True love or true lies was it love at first sight good question after three. What do we think one two three? No We've been together for three months. We met each other at the airport on the way to Mumbai, India We got drunk next in the toilet and out of one night stand Argumentative fun love My favorite feature about Jack Izzy's hair. I was gonna go and touch it then Yeah, yeah, yeah, it's fuming long wavy windblower. Oh My favorite feature about him. It's got to be his blue eyes It's cliche isn't it, but it's his blue eyes I think the main thing is we're just gonna be ourselves and if people like us they like us And if they don't they don't we're best friends, aren't we and we just have so much fun And we just want to show people that's what that represents love. That's our love


Exercise is a huge stressor for the body but body is quite equipped to handle this kind of stress. Let us see how body responds to exercise. First of all let us see what is the difference in performance of exercise in case of male and a female. Actually the muscle in case of a male and a female can produce the same maximal force of contraction that is equivalent to 3 to 4 kg per centimeter square. So the basic difference between male and female depends on the muscle mass, how much amount of the muscle is present rather than the maximal force which can be generated by this muscle mass. So because the females have less muscle mass the maximal strength which can be generated in a female is less and why is it that the females have less muscle mass because of the hormones which are different in case of male and female. In fair there is testosterone which is basically causes increased protein synthesis and also there is a decrease in percentage body fat mass in males compared to that of female and why is it so it is because of the estrogen. So estrogen increases the percentage of body fat mass in females. Now whenever we are talking about exercise three things or three terms we should be aware of. One is the strength the maximum force which can be generated then there is power okay and then there is endurance. So let us see what all these three terms means. Strength here means as I told you that the force of contraction per centimeter square. So if muscle mass is more then the strength of contraction or the force generated by the muscle will be more fine. Now then what is power? Power is if we see formula wise is work done work done per unit time. So there is a component of time here and work done means there is force into distance and divided by time. So when we were talking of strength we took care only about force. Now when we are talking about power we are seeing that this force causes the movement of anything for how much distance and how fast or how slow it is being done. So that is per unit time. So this power is determined by many things it is determined by strength because the component of force is there right. It is also determined by rate of doing the work and this rate of doing the work in turn will be dependent on how your body is supplying the ATP to the muscles. If the ATP supply is very quick then the power will be more. But if the ATP supply is slower then the power will be less right. So we will see later on that what determines the power apart from the strength in the muscle. And finally there is endurance endurance is that how long how long any activity can be sustained. So this is basically dependent on the nutritive support of the muscle. So for example that how much glycogen is stored in the muscle right slowly slowly we will detail all these aspects that how these things the storage the delivery of ATP how it affects the exercise performance. Now obviously performing any exercise what we need is energy and what is the energy currency it is the ATP right. So what are the sources of this energy in muscle. So that comes in the muscle metabolic system let's move into it and discuss about the various muscle metabolic systems. So there are three fundamental sources of energy when we are considering the various muscle metabolic system one is the phosphogen system phosphogen system second is the glycogen lactic acid system and third is the aerobic system. Now this phosphogen system consists of two aspects one is stored ATP right. And then there is phospho creatine creatinine system phospho creatine creatine system okay. So this phospho creatinine is nothing it is basically creatine attached to a phosphate group and what is this ATP ATP is adenosine attached to three phosphates okay three phosphates are there and out of these three phosphate these two phosphates are high energy bonds. So when there will be cleavage of these bonds there will be release of lot of energy and how much energy it is it is 7300 calories per mole of ATP. So each bond each bond is releasing 7300 calories per mole of ATP. Now why we need to know about these three systems or how are these three systems different from each other. First of all the timing for which they last see this phosphogen system last very less the stored ATP actually it is only for three seconds so in within three seconds we can use all the ATP which is stored and in around total 8 to 10 seconds we can use all the creatine phosphate which is stored. So this system lasts only for approximately 10 seconds. So after the stored energy is used the glycogen lactic acid system comes into play when the glycogen which is stored is broken down into pyruvate and this pyruvate can either enter into the mitochondria and there will be this full oxidation of will occur and that will release lot of ATP's but the faster pathway is where this pyruvate is converted into lactate. Okay so this component only glycogen being converted into pyruvate releases four ATP molecules okay and if you see this pathway it will take a long time because lot of oxygen will be required and there will be lot of cycles however it can release more ATP much much more ATP. So in this what I am trying to tell you that this release of ATP is much faster rather than the conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and water via the full glycolysis that will take much more time. However this glycogen lactic acid system can last only for 1.3 to 1.6 minutes okay if we have to continue exercise any further then the aerobic system must come into play and which can be indefinite depending on how much nutrients our body has. So basically here we have dealt with two concepts one how fast energy is being released by the system and two how long these systems are lasting right. So if you see what we said that this stored ATP and phosphocritin system last only for 8 to 10 seconds. So obviously this phosphogen system will not be sufficient for any endurance type of exercise like for marathon running right. However where we need short burst of power this phosphogen system is essential because it will release energy very very fast. Similarly glycogen lactic acid system last only for 1.3 to 1.6 minutes but it is faster than compared to aerobic system less fast than phosphogen system but faster than aerobic system. So it is approximately 2.5 times faster than the aerobic system and phosphogen system actually it is 5 times faster okay but remember that for continuing exercise for long duration we need aerobic system. So can you tell which of these muscle metabolic systems will be important for producing more power for the same person strength is there understanding muscle mass is there but which of these systems will generate with the same muscle mass more power it will be the phosphogen and glycogen lactic acid system. On the other hand for continuing the exercise for longer duration that is the endurance we need aerobic system. So that is how energy is being provided for the exercise but once the exercise is over there should be recovery as well because whatever is stored and used during the exercise should be replenished. So how that is being done that is understood by two concepts one is oxygen depth so we will see what is oxygen depth and the other is that the which diet will be best after the exercise. So let us see the concept of oxygen depth first what is oxygen depth. So here what we see on x axis we see time in minutes and on y axis we see rate of oxygen uptake in liters per minute. Now at rest the rate of oxygen uptake is how much it is approximately 250 ml per minute so let us draw a baseline this is the 250 ml per minute line which is the rate of oxygen uptake at rest. Now suppose at time point zero somebody starts exercising then what happens that there is increase in the rate of oxygen uptake even just at the start of exercise there is increase in the rate of oxygen uptake because the ventilation increases before itself right. So there is increase in the rate of the oxygen uptake and what happens that it increases maybe up to 18 to 20 times. So here we are seeing that it has increased to 4.5 liters that is basically 4500 ml and we said that 250 ml is the resting oxygen uptake so how much time it has increased let us see okay 90 so it has increased 18 times right according to this graph with the maximum exercise then as we stop the exercise say suppose here we stop the exercise what will happen that even after the stoppage of the exercise oxygen uptake will not suddenly come down like this what will happen that the oxygen uptake will remain more for some time and then for approximately 40 minutes it will remain above the baseline. It has not yet reached 250 ml per minute so okay we can understand that oxygen uptake has increased during the exercise so this is the part where exercise is being performed during the exercise oxygen uptake is increased but later on also it has not suddenly come down it is maintained more than resting level for some time so this is known as oxygen depth that means whatever has been used up that it is being returned now what is being returned actually oxygen there is a stored oxygen also and we have used the stored ATP that also is being returned so let us see the components of this oxygen depth in this graph see this portion it is known as a lactic oxygen depth okay and this flat portion that is known as lactic acid oxygen depth meaning what is this a lactic oxygen depth and lactic acid oxygen depth see normally I told you that there is ATP which is stored there is a phosphocrytine which is stored right and these have to be returned so how these will be formed obviously the nutrients which are there they should provide more and more ATP and there should be synthesis of high energy bonds in creatine that means a phosphate should bind with creatine and there should be regeneration of ATP so for that oxygen is required right secondly there is a stored oxygen also in body where is a stored oxygen you will wonder well first of all there is myoglobin in muscle to which oxygen is bound second at rest to how much oxygen is being used see to hemoglobin even in veins hemoglobin is 75 percent saturated isn't it though we are calling it deoxygenated hemoglobin but pressure of oxygen in veins is 40 millimeter mercury and there hemoglobin is 75 percent saturated so that is a reserve only right so during exercise more extraction of this oxygen takes place so that is also being utilized right then there is a storage in lungs as well how there is air in lungs right at FRC in residual volume there is dissolved oxygen when we start to breathing heavily there is obviously more ventilation but also there is increase in diffusion from the lungs into the pulmonary capillary so that is stored oxygen is also being used plus there is dissolved oxygen also understanding so there are many forms of direct stored oxygen we can call it as reserve oxygen isn't it so all this has to be restored so both of these combined form the alactic oxygen depth in this stored oxygen is approximately 2 liters okay and the oxygen required for regeneration of phosphocrytine ATP that is approximately 9.5 liters so alactic oxygen depth comes to 11.5 liters fine now what is lactic acid oxygen depth well we said in glycogen lactic acid system glycogen is being converted to pyruvic acid and this pyruvic acid very fast gets converted to lactic acid the oxygen required for conversion of lactic acid back to pyruvic acid okay pyruvic acid and this pyruvic acid again enters the oxidative metabolism here oxygen is required okay so for the removal of the lactic acid whatever extra oxygen is required that is the lactic acid depth and you see that because of this even when the exercise is stopped oxygen uptake is much more than that of the rest so that is one type of restoration of the stores also we need to restore the amount of the glycogen which has been used during exercise the stored glycogen has been used so we need to restore it how to restore it obviously the person should have proper diet after the exercise so what kind of diet helps in restoration well the person can take either high carbohydrate diet okay or he can take a mixed diet with the carbohydrate as well as fat or the person can take a high fat diet now it has been seen that with high carbohydrate diet it takes minimum of two days for restoration of the stored glycogen okay but with the mixed diet and high fat diet it takes many more days so that is why athletes are recommended high carbohydrate diet at least two days after any sports even so that whatever depleted glycogen is there it can be restored within two days and if you have seen sports events then suppose there are multiple teams so generally it is that that if one team has a match today then only after two days their next match is kept so that their nutrition is restored otherwise their performance is definitely is bound to decline there is another implication of this that when suggesting the athletes that how their behavior should be before the exercise obviously they should not undergo any strenuous exercise at least two days before their main event otherwise there will be depletion on the stored glycogen and it cannot be depleted within like short period of time it needs at least two days okay fine see now before we were talking about the power and endurance we have different sports event in which in some sports even more power may be required which are very short duration while in others more endurance may be required very classical example for high endurance is our marathon runners and where maybe extreme power is required for very short duration is like 50 meter dash 100 meter dash so how is that these particular athletes carry out different types of exercise well in our body there are different types of muscles known as fast twitch muscles and slow twitch muscles so as the name indicates fast twitch and slow twitch fast means they will be providing very high power for very short duration of time and slow twitch means that they can carry on for longer duration so with the knowledge what we have discussed can you tell that what kind of metabolism will be more prominent in these types of muscles fast twitch means that they should release more ATP fast right so these fast twitch muscle fibers are large in diameter they are actually twice in diameter than that of the slow twitch why so that they can store more amount of ATP and phosphocrytine and also their phosphogen nactic acid system is two to three times more active than that of slow twitch muscles on the other hand slow twitch muscles how they will work they will have increased mitochondria because it is important for aerobic metabolism increase in mitochondria increase enzyme activity of mitochondria and there is increase in myoglobin so myoglobin can store more oxygen and they have increased capillaries also so they can supply blood flow continuously for oxygen supply so obviously these slow twitch muscles are for endurance exercise and it has been seen that athletes of various sports even have more propensity of different types of muscle fibers rather it is genetically determined so for example anybody who is a marathon runner will by birth have more slow twitch muscles and such a person cannot become a winner of 100 meter dash because for 100 meter dash more abundance of fast twitch muscles is required by the way these fast twitches slow twitch muscle fibers are also known as red and white muscle fibers slow twitch is the red muscle fiber red because obviously blood flow is more myoglobin is more so it is red fast twitches muscle fiber is also known as white muscle fiber or type 2 muscle fiber and red is the type 1 muscle fiber thanks for watching the video if you liked it do press the like button share the video with others and don't forget to subscribe to the channel physiology open thank you


But he might be right. I can't tell him that he won't cuz I ain't the type of person that's gonna break a child's spirit like That's true. That's true enough about me J.O.N We've been going crazy over here on this black market cuz I told you I know people and no people that know the people that I know You see what I'm saying so it go all the way around and come back So when you walking through the black market and you didn't did your shopping you know when you got something to eat You didn't got your legal they're all less situated and went outside got your blood work done You had funnel cakes and coffee, you know, we have all type of interest that people stop through the black market and let us know What they got going on and today is no different. Come on, man I don't know if you've been sleeping or if you know what's going on But you know, I'm really big into the marketing game. That's why you see all I'm marketing right now So I called up one of the experts in the field None other than my man Tarell He happens to be an expert in the field of such Trust me. I know this don't don't worry about what I got going on Just appreciate the people that I'm bringing through here. See this whole purpose of this to educate J.O.N. about education He went to Tennessee, you know, they school Yeah, that's it's not family is not what's up, Tarell? What's up? I'm good.  Pleasure to be down. What's been up work life? All of it, man. I got two pages I'm shocked it's not They got it highlighted in yellow. I love it. All of it make movies. You don't want NAACP awards Yeah, come on, man Motivational speaker all of that. I Didn't give you no more credit So it started actually not wanting to be in corporate America work. Yeah corporate America do to you man Nothing. I think more than anything. It wasn't in my spirit, man. I was an entrepreneur from Nihai had a barber shop in the basement used to cut lawns. I'm from Wisconsin Right black people do live in Wisconsin. Yeah, they do a lot of great And so I used to shovel snow snowblow all of that. So it was about, you know being self-sufficient I got a twin sister. So I was always kind of having to figure it out for my myself But then you know, you go to college you do what you supposed to do get a degree get a job Get in the corporate America Once I got there. I was like, yeah This ain't quite it It felt restricted. I was like an IT and then Worked, uh, yeah early, but you missed No, no, I got all the money. No, no, no I was right in the middle of the boom. I was right in the middle of the boom. See, I'm well first That's why they do this. Yeah. Yeah, cuz I see he wouldn't it wouldn't really hit like that at first Then he real hard Nice straight, but you know it ain't like it ain't what it used to be.  Yes, people don't even know people don't even know Most people don't know. Yeah So it was good life was good I Was doing well, but you know what? Every day what happened I would go home and my heart would hurt like physically I would feel pain Because I was like this ain't it for me And so while I was at I was at this company the software company. I started my agency it wasn't but four of us and We we didn't really know what we were doing But I said, you know what I wanted to do something new and different so we stretched out as an entrepreneur I put some money down and we started doing stuff the key to it was I Felt better right like cutting deals Negotiating things and the reality of it was because I was what they call a passionpreneur It wasn't like I was so anxious to get the money. I had the SAP Software I shouldn't said them, but I had the money coming in from my software side so I could just focus on doing the kind of business I wanted to do and It worked out. I mean they worked out so good that I mean the company grew super fast And then we jumped in the movies with two of my frat brothers on my alpha So it will pack her a raw party I do then we then we did some stuff with Tyler Very So we did some work with Tyler Perry we handled all the CNN black in America's we did house of pain meet the brown We started doing movies hand over fist a big deal with Sony Pictures Six or seven films we did with them Six or seven and then it blew up They let me put out a press release and then it went to 300 films and we did over 300 marketing campaigns. We launched power Blackish Empire Celebrity apprentice the agency record for NBC Universal and all of that was wonderful, but It was it was wonderful, but as you get into it you start seeing that there's more and bigger opportunity But the key to it like I tell everybody's like you got to become an expert at something Like people got to know you for something and most people knew us because of film and television marketing But then once it hit we kind of began to cut over but we cut over real high So Walmart came in then general meals AT&T So it's all some of the biggest brands because they saw what we were doing in film and TV and they started giving us more and more deals And it was good. It was good. So the company grew Demeterre's something special And it's a good for you to hear so then 2018 2017 2018 I was diagnosed with cancer and It changed everything like My mind went to spaghetti Like what are you? What do you do?  What happens when you hit your dream? Like everything is popping that happened in around 2014 everything was popping We I everything I wanted to accomplish all the employees the clients we had hit all the right marks and I was like, okay, what do we do next and Somebody told me that's like, bro.  You got to do something else something different So that's why it says filmmaker and motivational speaker and Philanthropists and tech entrepreneur like I started doing other stuff Because I was like this ain't enough just to say, okay, I Accomplished this I got to move to the next but then like I said 2018 I was diagnosed with cancer totally mess me up My whole mind and body was like, okay, what do I do now God? Like I did everything you wanted me to do. I you know, I've been married. I was married.  Like I love my wife. Don't get me wrong You know, she's great, but my girls I was like, oh man so That was a that was a turning point. That's when you stop and evaluate all levels of life So everybody on the show that they got a wife Everybody got a wife catch up Yeah, you remember you said that oh, yeah, cuz when I do get a wife almost my wife you motherfuckers My days And I've been married 20 22 years.  Yeah, and I found the right one Believe But no, I'm happy man Okay, that's good. That's a good question. So number one for me for me We were equally yoked what I believed she believed Number one, we were equally yellow equally yoked number two Like he had my back, but it was it was the hardest Like I got you I ever felt That she was constantly pushing me forward and she never would let me slip back and that meant something to me Because other people they concerned about you know what they gonna get out of a situation how they see things going She was like, uh-uh, I'm with you, brother. You make that decision. All right, I'm gonna support you now She'd ask questions everyone we're gonna ask questions. Okay, how this gonna work, blah, blah, but she was like, okay All right, I see you. I got you. Let's go.  And then I would say finally, I mean, I couldn't imagine life without her Right, like I started looking at her differently. Like I don't know what this would be If you weren't here, you better after 31 years with the same woman. Trust me.  I don't need to know He ain't nobody doing good rappers even losing they win. I'm they rich It don't matter man. It don't matter. It used to be about the money.  I don't know where they came from. Oh, gee I'm telling I'm good on that telling you this you got to be built for this Enjoy I'm with you know, they have Man what can they get in touch with you and catch up on some of these things you got going on Well, I got a lot going on, but I mean my company is liquid soul go liquid soul calm geo liquid soul calm I'm on Instagram Facebook IG LinkedIn Terrell Whitley You on there I'm on there because you know 31 years your page probably private you take No, I'm on there I'm on there and I'm accessible like I try to Say though because it's like I had to get that game from because she has good game. I saw you. Yeah, I see Yeah, that is some good game. I know the young brothers and they're gonna they might catch it They might not somebody need to hear so I wanted to make sure I would be remissed if I didn't also mention that Years ago two of the people that work with you were my interns were yeah, you shouldn't let them go. Well Yeah, one of them did it to himself No, Chad Chad. Yeah, well you just Chad so Chad and Ryan both came through liquid soul They were part of our internship competition A little bit of story a Chad was the first intern to get fired But you know what Sad Exceeded he's the first one to get fired. He's probably the most exceptional one that we've ever had come through I don't know what happened. It's like overnight. He changed.  I've known chassis. He was 17 18 years old first job.  They good now and Ryan Ryan was the most creative so Ryan Came into our internship his submission video was a karaoke video I would never forget it. He did karaoke To introduce himself to the entire company and everybody came to my office.  It worked for I believe it's the follow-up. So shout out to Chad and Ryan for not being good at their first job Man, I'm so glad y'all had him first and not the other way around Man, they were his destiny. They were always gonna be here, bro. Good. I appreciate you giving them a opportunity Absolutely, but if it weren't for me and you They still be with Steve Steve meaning He made it in me. He weighed me in it in me Yeah But I appreciate you man. So we're gonna make sure drop the social media one more time so they can get you at Terrell Whitley LinkedIn Instagram Facebook. I don't do Twitter anymore. I'm over Twitter any advice you got for the next generation of Terrell with this coming. Yeah. Yeah, I do number one have some high integrity number two be Accountable at all times and number three be excellent at everything that you do. Like that's it right there. Yeah So, hey jail here Like market is open, baby


Russia threatens Japan this time. Tokyo has not only joined the western Rusophobic campaign, but is trying to lead it, including as current chair of the G7, Russian charge d'affaires in Japan, Gennady Ovechko said, promising that such a confrontational stance will not go unanswered. We note with regret the further deterioration in Japan's attitude towards Russia. We see that Tokyo has not only joined the Rusophobic campaign orchestrated by the West, but is also trying to lead the supporters of democracy, including as the chair country of the G7, to increase pressure on Moscow and support Kiev regime. He said at a reception dedicated to Russia Day, warning that such short-sighted confrontational behavior certainly cannot go without countermeasures, which may be very deeply felt by Russia's detractors. Japan has previously imposed several packages of sanctions on Russia in connection with the situation around Ukraine. As chair of the G7, Tokyo said maintaining sanctions against Moscow and continuing to support Kiev were necessary measures. However, the diplomat added that pressure on Moscow would not change its position. Russian sanctions pressure as well as attempts to cancel Russia and everything connected with it are doomed to failure and incapable of changing our country's policy. In addition, such actions will boomerang on Washington and its satellites. He said.


This is Brett and this 2019 Chevy Silverado 3500 Crew Cab Long Box Dual-Re-Wheel is stock number 12117ZA. We're here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, near new and used heavy-duty truck headquarters. This 2019 Chevy Silverado 3500 has the 6.6 liter Duramax diesel engine, puts out 445 horsepower. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop per the state of Wisconsin inspection process. It has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. We're going to go inside all the way around underneath, start it up, take a look under the hood in this video. Summit White is the color and we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second, so if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, smartphone, or television, I highly recommend turning them on right now because it is your best way to check out the quality condition and options of the truck before seeing it in person. And if you like the truck and like the video and how we do things here at Summit Auto in the upper right hand part of the screen is a subscribe button to our YouTube channel. Click that and then click the bell notifications, you'll get updates on the videos we do each and every day. The work truck package comes with the heavy duty steel wheels and it has Firestone Transforce AT tires, these are LT 23560R17s, and they have probably about, I'd say, 70-80% of the tread left on them. Frame and underbody looks pretty good. Front fender is in excellent condition, I didn't see any dents or dings on there. Does come with the projector lamp headlamps. Front bumper is in excellent condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on there. Highlight lenses are nice and clear, you get the chrome trimmed grille, this one has the true cowl induction hood. And I'll show you how that works in just a little bit and it does come with the cab lights up top. Passenger side front fender, no scuffs or scrapes on there or dents or dings. And the passenger side rim is in about the same condition as driver's side. As you go down this side of the truck, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by, just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the truck, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. Even if this video helps you make that decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video that it was helpful and that Brett sent you. Back tires have just as much tread as the front tires, frame and underbody, box rails all look really good, has all the remaining factory exhaust so it hasn't been altered in any way and it looks really good all the way underneath. The corners and lower rockers all look pretty good and the back rims about the same condition as the front rims. Coming around to the back of the vehicle, rear bumper is in nice shape, does have the rear bumper steps, full towing package which includes a receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring, tailgates in pretty nice shape, does have a locking tailgate, back up camera as well, comes with a gooseneck hitch, spray and bed liner, has a sneaking suspicion this truck was previously used for painting, but could be wrong, that's in pretty nice shape, couple little dents and dings like duty usage, coming around the driver's side just nice that passenger side, dually tub looks pretty good and for full disclosure this back rim same condition as the rest. Down the rest of the side of the truck, doors look really good, does have the telescopic tow mirrors built in directional signals, LED side lights, they telescope out like so and fold in. Inside the work truck package gives you the gray cloth interior, 40-20-40 split bench seating, there are no rips or tears in the seats, they are in pretty nice condition, rubber floor mats or I'm sorry rubber floors, heavy duty rubber floors, the 4x4 shifter on the floor as well, auto headlamps, factory brake controller, power windows, power locks and power mirrors, will hop inside, check up miles, radio and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior. You can see that this one has 96,724 miles, you get a digital speedometer on there, instrument cluster is very nice and clean, steering wheels in excellent shape, do get cruise controls on the left and of course the heavy duty Allison six-speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift. This one comes with the Chevy MyLink radio, you get AM, FM and Bluetooth capabilities, it also has a projection manager where you can project your cell phone to the screen via Android Auto or Apple CarPlay so if you have a NAV system on your cell phone project it right to the screen and it will show up on there and then it's like you have NAV right in the screen so pretty cool.  Down here you get a 12 volt powerpoint and you also get a 110 volt 150 watt plug-in so that's pretty cool too. Passenger side floor and seat are in nice shape, no rips or tears, looks pretty good and the headliner no major rips or tears on that. Up here you get your map lights, you'll get indicating that you have the snowplow prep package on this truck and we'll take a quick look at the back seats then we'll start it up, I'll show you the backup camera as well.  Bottoms of the doors all look really good. There are those LED side lights, they are super bright, really light up the side of the truck at night time. Start it up, take a look under the hood, starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that. There's your backup camera working nicely. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you'll have been able to verify the quality and condition of this truck all the way around inside and out. Under the hood we have the 6.6 liter Duramax diesel engine, L5P 445 horsepower, engine base very clean, runs very smooth. Once again this truck has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go. There's your emissions sticker. And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftones, three-quarter tons, one tons, you name it we got to go to that website right there www.summodauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at www.summodauto.com and if you like to check out more HD videos you can go to www.youtube.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. Click the bell notifications you'll get updates on the videos we do each and every day here at Summod Auto. In fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on the upper left. Links to more Silverado 3500 truck videos like this on the upper right. A link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those check us out and we're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2019 Chevy Silverado 3500 crew cab long box duly work truck in Summit White. Thanks again for checking out the video remember to like, subscribe, and share.


This is a quick tip video about custom functions in R. Functions are reusable pieces of code. You can write custom functions to run multiple times, for example when iterating over a data frame to make several visualizations or models. In this case, iterating means using the per library in one of the many map functions. In this video series, I explain how to use the per map functions to iterate custom functions over data frames. The series will become progressively more fluent in data wrangling examples, but here I show a building block data wrangling tip that will help you leverage R as a functional programming language. As always, see the video description for a link to the code in the GitHub repository. What you see in the code chunk that begins in online 19 are two functions. Each takes a single argument. The first function multiplies a number by two. The second function is really just a silly example. It simply allows me to change the name of the base R plot function. So now the base R function plot and my custom function plot cars, they do the same thing. In line 31 and 32, I invoke these functions. Line 31 takes a single argument and multiplies by two. You can look up in the function to see how it works. Line 32 takes a two variable data frame as an argument. And here I use the onboard cars data frame, a two dimensional data frame with two numeric vectors. Let's see how the custom function plot cars can be used. In the code chunk that begins in line 36, I subset the Star Wars data frame into a two dimensional data frame consisting of height and mass. In 41, I reuse my custom function and give it a different data frame as a single argument. The code chunk that begins at line 45 demonstrates a shortcut to making a custom function a different kind of custom function. We've already made two. As of this writing, this style function only works with the McGridder style pipe conjunction. The dot in line 46 represents whatever is passed from the left-hand side of the pipe. Then you see in line 55 how the custom function is implemented. Beginning at line 62, you can see the more formal, that is, base R way to write the exact same function as I wrote above, only this time with the base R pipe. That is, the pipe greater than symbol. Executing this function found in line 73 when invoking the data sentence pipe that begins at line 72 yields the same results as above. Now I suspect that a best practice is to use this style over that from the example above. But to be honest, I don't know much about the implications of either style. The dot style above only works with the McGridder pipe. Probably this other one is more portable. Okay. For those that have watched my Regex stringer video, you'll notice that in line 81 it demonstrated a more complicated Regex pattern. And by its very nature, I accomplished the same thing as the previous two custom functions. To be fair, custom functions may be more readable, but a good Regex pattern can be very satisfying in its own way. But this brings me to share some advice. The general rule of thumb is to write a custom function anytime you find yourself composing and executing the same operation more than three times. With nothing else, writing and leveraging the custom function will reduce your chances of making a silly typo error or repetitive tests. And the common wisdom is that custom functions allow you to make code more readable, while composing your computational pipe with more explicitly descriptive function names. So the pro tip is recognize that R is a functional programming image. Now you're able to compose custom functions. All right, let's dig a little deeper. If you plan to iterate over data frames, which honestly is the topic of this series of videos, you're going to need to learn a bit more about how to compose functions. What I want to talk to you about now is tidy evaluation and data masking. The examples will help me explain. So another thing to understand about functions in a tidyverse context is that the tidyverse uses tidy evaluation and data masking. These two concepts undergird the guts of the tidyverse. Newcomers to the tidyverse dialect often don't realize this undergirding exists. Rather, what you know is that composing code in tidyverse is more convenient than composing code in other high level languages. In addition to easier coding, this makes tidyverse code more fluid because code can be less redundant, both in terms of needing fewer quotation marks and needing fewer explicit references to environment variables. Now I don't want to get too deep on this, so feel free to read some of the references in the descriptions, but let me briefly define an environment variable and a data variable. An environment variable, for example, gets something assigned to it with the assignment operator, such as the name of the table, for example, in line 92, who underscore df is an environment variable. A data variable is a variable within a data frame. And the trick is that referencing a data variable in a tidy evaluation data masking context happens indirectly. So you have to know a bit more to write good tidyverse functions. By way of demonstration, in line 94, we have a custom function that takes one argument, an environment variable that happens to be a table composed of data variables. When we call the custom function in line 100, we get a scatter plot. The function is hard coded with two variable names, height and mass. You see that in line 96. If I want to write my function in line 94 to accept different data variable names, I need to capture the data variable name as an argument in line 94 and embrace the temporary functional variable with curly curly braces in line 96. And then I need to pass the data variable name when I call the custom function in line 100. Here you see that I didn't embrace my data variable in line 96. So I get an error that the object that is mass is not found. But now when I embrace the data variable argument in line 96, then I can pass mass for another data variable. So let's try birth underscore year. The code chunk at line 118 is another example of data masking. The dot dot dot construction in line 119 is a way to accept additional arguments for a function. We're not going to get into that. So if you want to look that up in the advanced R book by Wiccum. Going forward in this video and in the future videos in this series, let's talk about how to apply custom functions efficiently in an iterative fashion. To do that, we'll use the per library and a few of the map underscore functions. Okay, so in line 132 you'll see the map underscore dbl function. We're going to use this to iterate over each element of a vector. The argument past the comma is what's known as an anonymous function. So called anonymous because we have not assigned the function a name. We could put a custom function name in this argument space and we could use one of the earlier custom functions we wrote that made sense to our overall goal. We just wouldn't need the tilde since it wouldn't be an anonymous function. Okay, so the anonymous function uses the dot x as a pronoun to refer to the current element of the vector that is being looped over. That is the current element in the map function. Don't loop over each element one at a time consecutively and dot x refers to each one of those one at a time consecutively. It will then apply to that element the function expression of, in this case, multiply by two. Notice that the function we're using is map underscore dbl. This underscore dbl tells the map function. We want a double floating point data type in return. There are several different underscore suffixes to the map function. If we remove the suffix, we get the default back, which is a list. If we use underscore chr, we get a character vector. There are also suffixes to return data frames, as you may have seen in the very first video in this series. But now for the cool part. If we use this function in a data frame, we can iterate a function over each row of a vector in the data frame. In the next video, we'll learn how to nest group data into a data frame. And in the last two videos, we'll return to our opening examples in the beginning of this series and learn how to iterate over grouped rows of data to generate visualizations and data models. Stay tuned for later videos where we demonstrate all of these case studies put into one. We use regex pivot longer, we iterate with map, and we write custom functions. We even use a for loop.