YouTube, what is up man? Game management, clock management is what man and players excel at and honestly I really believe that we could help real NFL teams, real college teams, even real high school teams learn clock management better and be better at it you know and that's pretty much what what our biggest strength is when it comes to football it's the biggest crossover simulation part of man essentially is knowing how to manage the clock and knowing you know how much game is left and how to control it and how you have control of it and this game is pretty much one of the biggest examples this I actually play my man my he's a sub to my twitch channel if you guys want to watch these games live that link is below to twitch and he actually is from part of Delaware County Philadelphia that I am from as well or close by at least so he's a he's a good guy friend of mine so we definitely plan and he definitely runs um a similar offense to mine pretty much a little bit different running blast and tight offset and things of that nature but mostly I want to tell you guys this gameplay pretty much because of how I managed the clock in the last drive I pretty much put together the perfect drive little hiccups you never want to have the most beautiful job but the perfect drive to uh close this game out in the fourth quarter but I'll let you guys see it I'll let you guys show how the entire game went down man like I said you want to hit these games live twitch.tv hit that like button I dropped a video about my offense if you haven't watched that below it is in my videos it's probably the video before this uh if you want me to do a defensive video I want to get this video to 400 likes and I will drop the defensive version pretty much show you guys how I'm playing defense right now because like I said you guys are still playing man I'm still playing man we all love it so I want to help you guys get better so like I said hit that like button comment below on if you want to see a defensive video but let's get right into it let's get into this game I'll tell you man my is going to run pretty much pretty much the same offense as I do but it's going to his is going to be a little bit different a little bit unrefined so to speak uh in first play I have moss but like I said we use that as the decoy they're all going to cover moss or blitz everybody so you get a big play right out the gate if you use moss that's the only way I still find it viable again unless you're playing super bums that you can just throw the ball up to uh to moss and get big plays but um so also when you play some might or you actually play somebody that has played you before or watch you play whatever was familiar with you what you're doing you kind of got to be one step ahead and right here I called the run play just called bad routes he had good defense out there we get sacked so that's our first drive down the down the shoot just like that um the one thing about Vic man you cannot run away from Dwight Franey, Simi and Rice, Julius Peppers, Lawrence you can't run away from anybody anymore maybe we're set but not even first play he goes and moss but we sack and we bring everybody get to a third and long and we're going to go ahead and get off the field here should have got to lurk but we knocked the ball away with Calvin Johnson at linebacker so we'll get we trade punts you trade punts right away start the game just kind of filling out just kind of you know getting the feel for your opponent that's what it's about is I mean I need to put my enforcers on special teams uh now he's going to run a little like two two three six two four five not a lot of people in the box I'll tell you I want to run the ball for 10 yards a carry pretty much the majority of this game you know and man 20 so if you're going to let somebody run for 10 yards a carry you're why would anybody ever pass you know that's pretty much how it feels we see another read option I have Chris Johnson as my backup running back we could use a new Chris Johnson honestly that's a card we don't talk a lot about but he's great as I try to hit this crossing route and just I get the bad animation I got to do a better job of bringing that that wide receiver back I talk about it all the time but the animation they gave me was fall back and they gave his db a animation to reach in front of me so that's just all user skill right there I could have had a better animation on the catch and make that a touchdown but I did not and we are done with the first quarter so a turnover in the red zone as he runs backwards because he was going to get hit does not get this field goal because of taking that many losses on the blast he cannot kick this field goal 49 yard line he winds up having to punt so he was afraid of slid right there but he slid he lost like 12 yards so he got out of field over and so it's still 0-0 so we're cool that that turnover did not hurt me but you cannot turn them all over in red zone and consistently expect to win in any Madden as I had to cross around here to Randy Moss that's how he meant daggers one of the best plays I hope you guys are liking that video that breakdown of how I run dagger and blast to be effective and madden 20 right now there it is blast getting outside Michael Vick swag on them just a little bit point at them that's what you gotta do you gotta bring you gotta make them at next play we're gonna go ahead we're gonna look for this corner out why I decided to field ball in the air a little bit too long once again my animation was fall back and he jumped and picked it off two picks inside the red zone you're not going to win games like that you're just even if you run the ball I could have six points if I just run the ball and take what's there honestly but I forced two throws into the red zone two throws into the end zone that's the hardest spot on the field to score and they wound up being interception so that's rough but I said it's still 0-0 he hasn't scored I feel good we send everybody there and he just threw the ball in front of my db I don't know what that was but it looks pretty good next play he throws a little drag he's going a little more tight offset tight offset I don't want to say it gives me trouble but it's kind of annoying if that's if that's makes any sense like it's just there's all these hitches these drags obviously the corner route the rollout mask protect he's closing in on on getting some points here before half hitting this flat route I miss attack on Tory Holtz in field ball range so now you just can't give up the touchdown that's pretty much what that's pretty much where your mindset shifts no touchdown here we cannot give it up I'm cool 3-0 and that's what we're going to give up the 3-0 at halftime so like I said I left at least six points on the board cannot throw interceptions in the end zone second half are going to come out with a different intensity Mike Evans right after the quarterback a different vibe read option we're all over it we're all over Michael vick in the backfield um get to a third and 12 he's going to laser this streak route like I just just like just guard that W you're cool but he converts there gets out of there with Michael vick here try make good job making tackle man just swarm when someone's in open field man the biggest advice I'm gonna give you is make them slow down if they slow down the rest of your team will catch him you have 10 other people that are 95 plus speed if you make them slow down change direction use any type of moves the rest of your defense will catch them you know just don't over commit and allow your boys to help you man always lead the ball carrier to help whether that be the sideline or other players that's the best way I can give you advice as far as open field tackling um and we hold them we get them to a third down right here uh he only puts two wide receivers out we're all over it's a davian clown he sacks michael vick in the backfield and that he's going to force a three now it is six nothing now this is the turning point of the game this is when I've got to make a decision on offense defense uh and what do you want with this drive so I have four minutes I'm down by six points he still has three timeouts I still have three timeouts now when you break it down it's pretty much it's pretty easy each play could be 30 seconds right so four minutes 30 seconds that's eight plays now you got to remove a play for you got to remove add a play for a two minute warning so nine plays uh if you don't stop the clock with any of these plays so nine plays then he has three timeouts so we could actually add those three timeouts and make it 12 plays you could finish a whole quarter even with the two minute warning and the uh and all three of his timeouts with around 12 plays if you run these correctly but you have to decide to before the drive am I going to score quick and then try to play defense am I going to take the clock into consideration uh and or and like I said or you make this a the last drive of the game you make this the last drive of game you score a touchdown you put your nuts on the field and say listen I did that you have no chance of another rebuttal you have no chance at a ball uh you know no chance to win the game with a field goal no chance to win the game with a touchdown that's the decision you have to make if you make that decision this is the last drive of the game you can waste your timeouts you can uh really take your time it's four down territory the entire drive you know that and that's the decision I make I'm going to make this the last drive of the game I'm going to drop my nuts I'm going to make the decisions and and with that being said I'm going to run because a run or any dump off pass is an automatic at least 25 to 30 seconds off the clock so so every time you run if you're getting positive yards the clock is going with you and before you know it you'll be around the two minute warning and then you'll have to go ahead and score also it is we're going to find out if he uses his timeouts or not because if you're up seven I feel like I I'm going to put my back up against the wall I'm not going to give you an extra time with the timeout I'm going to go ahead and try to get some things done so let's check it out so like I said man we're going to go ahead and just try to get the clock running we're going to hit this in route right here boom that's a nice play we got to take 30 seconds off the clock as you see I snap with six seconds there nice little inside zone or read option is pretty much what I ran to beat them once again we're going to milk this under 20 seconds I could have even took more off the clock right there but we're going to run the ball into his territory so right there boom here goes another 30 seconds we're closing in on a two minute warning so with that boom another run another 10 12 yards easy we're in field goal range but I don't I can't win with a field goal there's nothing I can do here another run because that's going to take it to the two minute warning just like that so we're in four down territory everything's on the line we'll see if he uses his timeouts or not me personally um I don't think I would use my timeouts unless somebody got inside the 10 yard line where uh they couldn't run the rest of the game out um here we go we roll out with the corner route we don't take we'll take our run with Vic why do I take my room I could have thrown to a couple people but the run is not a big a game and I'm going to keep that clock turning keep that clock turning get me the 120 on the clock another run or milk this down to around 10 seconds right here uh when we snap the ball and that's what we want uh we have plenty of time there's no runoff in mud but I actually get sacked right here I believe that's mean Joe Green so we get to a third and 18 we're going to go ahead and we're just going to scramble with Vic right here try to get out try to get some blocks from my people but I cannot get hit but my man right there my man Brandon Brooks on the ball we don't fumble I'm going to call timeout here this is the last drop I'm not going to need those timeouts really let everybody catch their breath that's my biggest thing catch your breath let Michael Vic uh you know get his stamina back and we have a fourth and 10 now he's been running a lot of cover too you this is when you need to pull out some dots everyone and that dagger is cute but you got to pull out some dots somewhere I know his user is going to go right to left to guard the post route I'm going to hit this in route to Evan Ingram right back over the middle right by the spy possession catch first down you got to pull out just a little wrinkle when you need to especially when people watch you play or people know your play style and know the route you want to go to just a little wrinkle you need a wrinkle for all situations here we'll milk and this was perfect inside the five we are on a one-yard line no we're not going to call timeout we have blast we have the best play in the game this is going to be three blasts no matter what so I'm going to go here and just call blast get it done and really and this is question when do I snap the ball here do I snap it 10 I decided 10 I still have my time I also want to snap it 10 and we're going to go ahead and we're going to get in the end zone touchdown just like that boom so we took off four minutes of the clock we scored with nine seconds we'll kick this extra point to go ahead and take the lead now you start thinking man he's going to have a 99 kick power kicker nine seconds is not a lot of time but it's one play in a timeout so one thing I've done in past videos that I didn't do was kick this ball and bounce you cannot kick this out of bounds because every little second count so I'm going to sky kick and go all the way to the left and that's going to put it in the air for a while my boys will get down there now he could fair catch this or run he chooses to run get a cup but it takes two seconds off the clock so now instead of him having nine seconds he's going to have seven seconds that's a huge difference you're literally one you have one play and and honestly a deep pass play can take seven seconds off the clock so it might even be one play right here he's going to stick and blast like I said I go back to the go back to my philosophy if you stay in front of him you make them slow down you make them change direction your boys will catch up and get a fumble and I do not recover he calls timeout so we got one play left stay in front of him do not allow the big play um just allow your boys to help you whether it be the sideline whether it be the other 10 people on the field and you're going to see here that I really have nobody in a box I'm going to click on Dion actually I moved Taylor Maze all the way back click on Dion run him back and just don't allow him and change his direction and there's my boys for the GGs for the GGs now I said that game was pretty much all about that last drive making a decision before your drive is this going to be the last drive of the game am I going to try to hurry up and score and then play defense making a decision before the drive can can lead the better decision making throughout the drive because you know it's four down territory you know you want to waste clock have a plan execute and hit that like button by the way


Well, I'm kneeling on the floor with Helena Harrison from a company called Glean. She suggested kneeling and I thought that was a lot of fun, so we're going to do this interview in a little bit more casual style. Glean is a company that helps people take notes, and if you're in school or you go to a lot of teams meetings and you need to be able to take notes, but you find yourself distracted because you're taking notes and you miss the point, Glean is designed to kind of help you do that. Is that a good description of it? Yes, absolutely. Yes, it will cause all of your audio and then you can add your notes as you go along and you'll be able to come back to your notes later to expand when you've got more time. It takes that pressure away of you having to sort of write everything down during your meeting or during your lecture or your class. So I've seen applications like Notability is a note-taking app that also does audio, so you can grab a section of your text and then find out what they said right then. This is sort of the other way around. The primary focus is the audio, but you're putting in short notes to say, go look at this. Is that a good way to describe it? Yes, I would actually think that the primary focus is really more your notes because that's what you want. You want to sort of have a really nice summary of your class or your meeting afterwards, but the audio is there to really help you expand your notes afterwards. Well, afterwards, but during while I'm in there, I can just click a button that says important or follow up or I can just type in confused was one of the buttons that you had in there, which I really liked. I could have used that in school like I want to go back and listen to that two or three more times. Yes, absolutely. Yes, so you can add your notes during, yes, and it's just recording in the background there. Now, where does it do the recording? It does a recording on the cloud, so it's a cloud-based software, but the nice thing about being on the cloud means that you can access it anywhere, so not just on your own laptop, but you could access it on your friend's laptop or you could access it on your iPad or your phone. So what's the security around that? We have Amazon Web Services is what we use and everything is encrypted at rest. We obviously made sure that everything was as secure as it possibly could be. Okay, that is the right answer to the question. So I'm looking at the interface right now and she's imported the slides into note-taking. She's got, let's see, I'm going to actually press buttons here. On the right-hand side, there's kind of an interesting little interface that shows the audio with little highlights for each section where she took some notes about what was going on in there. But it also does, let me see if I get it right, speech-to-text, is that right? It does do speech-to-text, yes. So after you've actually done your audio, recorded, once you've stopped your recording, you can then click a little button that says convert to text and that will convert all of your audio into a text format. So this is cool because there's a column where the notes that you've taken are. So let's see, there's a note I'm looking at that says ISS and if I click on that, I can see where in the audio that was spoken and then can I, there's a play button, I'm going to, I'm just guessing the interface. I can hit play and I could be able to hear what was said about the international space. All of it's the Earth, over 17,000 miles an hour. And so time. So that's pretty cool. So you can kind of go back and forth. You did one other thing with the text. Can you explain that? You started in the text transcription and you were able to do something with that too? Yes, of course. So I can also go through my notes and click on a note and it will take me straight to that part of the transcript. And then if I think that part of transcript is really important or I want to sort of take it out of my transcript and pop it into my notes, I can, I can just copy and paste it across. So it saves me having to write it all down. And then of course once it's in there, if it's a quote, I'm going to leave it exactly as it is or it might be that I want to go and edit it and sort of reword it and make it my own. So then do you export your notes from this? What do you do afterwards? Yes, you can export it to anywhere. So basically you copy, you copy. There's a reading view in here that sort of takes all of the audio away. And you're just left with your slides. If you've got them, you don't have to have slides. There's a few of your slides and your headings and your notes. And then you copy that across. And because you're copying it, you can pop it anywhere. So it's not restricted to Google Docs or Word. You can pop it into a nursing journal or a media diary, basically anywhere you like that, that accepts text. This is very cool. So what does it cost to use Glean? And again, this is for business, it's for school, wherever you need to be taking notes. What does it cost? It's $129 a year or you can do a monthly subscription instead, which is 12 pounds, $12 a year. Well, that actually sounds like a pretty good price. I could have used that in a lot of classes I took in college. Thank you very much, Helena. This was really cool. My pleasure and thank you. Thank you. It's very nice of you to come and talk to me at my stand. Oh, and the name of the company is Glean. And what is the website? Glean. Oh, hang on a minute. Glean.co. Glean.co, that's the website, isn't it? Yeah, just Glean.co, nice and easy. Very cool. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you very much. Nice to meet you.


Time is one of those tricky things because it doesn't really Exist in a way that we can really grab it and yet we can almost treat it like it exists. We can we can measure something that we call time and measure it through clocks and then we can think about having certain numbers of minutes and hours and we can kind of treat it like its money Like it's it's something of value that we have and that we can choose how to spend it and For for basic practical purposes, this is very useful. We can Think about the hours that we have available and then choose ways to spend those hours that we think are best but This only works at the practical level. There's the it only goes so far because Time isn't really something interchangeable Like you could say money in the sense that you know your number of dollars one dollar is equivalent to another dollar and you can Change it of course, it's the same the same currency of dollars, of course if you have ten dollars and Someone says give me five dollars you give them five dollars and they say no I want the other five dollars That would be nonsensical Because the first five dollars and the second five dollars are equivalent but Now now we treat time in a similar way with money that you could say hours and hours an hour, but that's where the parallel with money breaks down because it Does make a difference which hours you're talking about In a way that it doesn't make sense which dollars you're talking about hours Are not equivalent We can work on them from a practical level and say I'm going to devote time on this I'm going to devote a certain number of hours and That is useful. It's useful to be able to say I'm giving this Project this task this number of hours and Then you choose to spend those set number of hours on on something But the simple points that I'm thinking about today is just that This is only true To the extent that it's a practical useful functional level But really When we really think about what time is it's not something that we can interchange equivalently like a currency because every hour is different every hour has its own Character its own flavor its own conditions when we're planning we can often Treat it is just spending a certain number of hours allocating these hours like just like allocating You know allocating a time budget just like we would allocate a money budget But it's useful to remember How each hour of the day of every different day has its own particular feeling and It's good to be open to that It's it seems like it's so normal for us to think of this kind of hours as a currency because it is so practically useful and It's built into the way that We do business the way we do work Paying for things by the hour Being paid by the hour business hours Assigning hours budgeting hours Scheduling out the day blocking out time blocks to do things but there's always Something extra that it pays to pay attention to What is the particular? flavor of this hour that I'm in and And so as much as it can be useful to set aside time and budget time It's good to be open to changing those plans based on What kind of hours we're experiencing? So my challenge to myself Now is to Pay attention to this idea of the the flavors of the hours think about what that means and how I can be open to the sensation of the differences of different times all as part of Being alive in these hours


This study aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of college students at a large public university in the United States. The results showed that 71% of the 195 students surveyed experience increased stress and anxiety due to the pandemic. Multiple stressors were identified, including fear, and worry about their own health and loved ones, difficulty concentrating, disrupted sleeping patterns, decreased social interactions, and increased concerns on academic performance. To cope with stress and anxiety, participants sought support from others and adopted either negative or positive coping mechanisms. The study highlights the urgent need to develop interventions and preventive strategies to address the mental health of college students during the pandemic. This article was authored by Sun, Changwon, Hegde, Sudeep, Smith, Alec, and others.


And we go out to the events that are stricter from the noise and we're here at the IBM Pulse Cloud event. Mike Gilfix, the director of mobile and analytics out of Austin. Mobile first is the segment, welcome to theCUBE. Thank you very much. It's one of the things that theCUBE we talk about from the beginning going back three, four years ago when we started this was how the data's changing the game, big data, converging infrastructure. That obviously was cloud mobile and social. We were the first ones really to start talking about that but now it's in full build out mode. People, you've seen the success of WhatsApp out there. People like $19 billion. It's a great story. It's a mobile app, right? Now it's transforming the telecom industry. So it's probably going to be significantly more than that but mobile is not one of those things where I have a web app that's going to port it to mobile. It's a little bit different. So I want to ask you first, what is your take on the mobile development market and what does mobile first mean? Well, so mobile is different absolutely than the web and actually what you find when you look at the way that people are building these applications, the way they're going about it, they're really creating different experiences and thinking through that experience and how it's different from the web is it's a different skill set. It's a different thing for the user. The user wants this amazing integrated device experience. It's on the go. It might be location enabled. It might be using the camera. All these different facets of the physical device experience that can be integrated into your application and that's a different skill set. So design is absolutely a power mount and making sure that your teams, for example, that might be building those experiences are ready for that. So that's tough. Can you drill down on a little bit? Because people, I want to just unpack because that's really kind of an important point. We're finding the same thing is that mobile is a completely different thinking around the development process, not just bolting it onto a preexisting legacy app or web app. So what have you seen the best case, use cases that you've seen, success stories and failures around people who have tried to go mobile first or try to bolt on a web app. What have been some of the anecdotal things you can share with the audience? Well, one of the worst possible things you can do is take your exactly existing website, try to make a little bit of mobile markup and then throw it on the device in the browser and then suddenly you find that your users are pinching and zooming at an alarming rate. That just simply does not work. It does not scale and your users actually run out of patience. So no one wants to use that. The people that are most successful are actually rethinking the processes. They're rethinking the relationship with that customer. They're rethinking the fact that, hey, I carry this thing around with me all the time. The data is easily accessible. I have context I could have never had before and what if I could integrate that into the design? And it's really driving towards sort of this fit for purpose contextual kind of computing model where the context of me using my phone is different than the context of my tablet. Might be that they're using mobile on a set top box or an in-car dashboard. All these different new contexts where mobile is now creeping up as the preferred platform for these computing and these users are really finding that there's a different way that they want to consume that content. What about the enterprise market?  You've seen the consumerization of IT, bring your own device to work. So we're just starting to see some build out. On the consumer side, it's all the rage, right? Mobile first. Absolutely. It's pretty much the mantra for developer community. What about the enterprise? Well, it's now actually becoming and the ramp is amazing, but it is becoming the mantra for the enterprise. And the reason is because you've got unprecedented access. They can now give to all their employees this unprecedented access to information, instant interaction, their business processes, instant collaboration in ways they could have never done before. And there's this next generation of employee who demands this at work. They've had the convenience of their personal life and they want to bring that into their work environment and have that same level of convenience. So tons of drive towards doing that. There's other challenges, by the way. If you're going to go and provide this unprecedented access, the problem you've got is how do you protect your data?  So unprecedented access, but new pitfalls that actually have to be mastered in order for the enterprise to go down that path. So I thought, John, if I may, the keynote this morning, Brian Dressler of Continental. Yep. Talking about the automated car, a fully automated car, and it referenced the internet of things. How does the internet of things, however you define it, smarter planet, et cetera, how does it affect this whole discussion? Is it an evolution of mobile first? Is it a completely new vector? Come mindset change? Well, yeah. So I mean, we're entering this air of hyper-connectivity. There's such an opportunity now to interconnect so many different facets of how we want to interact with our, let's call it our digital experience. And it could be that using a smartphone that's rich, could be using it from your TV. Wait, all these now new devices have their facet of your digital experience. If we can interconnect all these things, there's new level of convenience, new level of ways in which users can get, you know, personalized function from all their different things in their lives. By the way, what's really interesting, you see as an extension is a lot of these internet of things scenarios are actually exploiting your mobile device as a universal controller. So almost all the interesting internet of things scenarios ultimately have you building kind of the management app that sits on the device that's allowing you to communicate with your fridge or turn on the air conditioner before you come home or remotely start your car. In fact, many of the car scenarios are looking at the rate and pace of consumer devices like phones and how can they offload some of that experience onto the phone to make it easier to interact with their car. Fascinating time. So how far away are we from that sort of vision you just laid out? I think you're going to start to see a lot of that stuff coming to market in the next year or two. Absolutely. I mean, already it's happening. Already some of the new first six years. And what are the enablers there? And what are the headwinds, you know?  You really can't do it on your mobile. So there's still some development headwinds going on there. But you're saying within the next couple of years those are going to dissipate. What's the enabler? Well, these are ecosystems that have never been connected before. And I think that's one of the biggest challenges is how do you bring these different ecosystems that were sort of operating their own siloed value chain and then interconnect them in a way that makes sense and then provide a consistent experience to the consumer. That takes a while. So that's going to be the evolution that needs to occur. I think for consumers, they want that convenience. They're ready. But today they can't make them talk to all those different devices. Plus you have these new class of devices with intelligence in them that are only now rolling out to consumers. So that too is going to take a little bit as well. Talk about the keynote you have today. You've got a mobile keynote. Talk about what you're going to talk about. And then I'd like to drill down on how do you get these developers in the enterprise and also potentially on the consumer side with software infrastructure? Building great mobile first act. Do you have a website? You guys have been around the block for a while. You're not new to the party per se. But there is a new cobbling together of stuff. So talk about your keynote and then the new capabilities. Yeah, so a little bit on mobile first. So mobile first for us is a collection of technologies and services that we can offer to our customers who are looking to orient their infrastructure towards this new channel. It's also a lifestyle though. So we're helping our customers understand how they can think differently about those business processes, about their end customer interactions, about the way their employees work, the way they interact with partners in an integrated way. In the keynote today, we're actually going to talk about, from a mobile standpoint, we're going to look at the four facets that we see our different clients looking at as they adopt mobile technology. Whether it's process transformation or looking at their digital brand and how they engage with their end customers, how they ultimately build applications and deliver them, and how they optimize their infrastructure for this new channel. So we're going to look at those four different facets, talk about some of the tools that people have in their toolbox to do it. And the exciting new announcement that we previewed this morning, and we're going to talk a bit more about that as well, is how they can now leverage our cloud offerings to accelerate. And the pressure in mobile these days is all about speed. Speed to market, speed to continuously deliver new innovation, all while doing that securely and tapping into the existing assets that the enterprise had built up for a long period of time and bringing that to the mobile channel. What acceleration specifically you guys looking at that's holding them back? Well, one of the key things is how do I integrate my enterprise? If they can use pre-integrated cloud technologies that can already tap into their legacy and bring that out to the mobile channel, huge time to value. The other thing is built into our technology is effectively a life cycle. It's continuous delivery. So you can bring new innovations to market incredibly quickly. So I noticed in your background at LinkedIn, you have a distributed computing background master's in computer science. Oh yes, I did that for a bit. And went to Tufts, which is the art from our stomping ground. But talk about the cloud in terms of DevOps. The DevOps movement we've been covering for years here at Silicon Angle. And you know, the old days, a couple of years ago, people would eat glass, spit nails, as being Dave would say. And it's a new breed of developers. Going mainstream is not everyone wants to do ops. So they just want an Amazon-like experience. That has created some good things for speed, but also legacy scale issues. So how do I get speed for DevOps? So I'm a developer. I don't want to deal with ops at all. And two, how do I get scale and reliability? So I remember building lots of systems where when we built the system, we spent a lot of time talking about things like, how did you cut over to the next version? How did you set up all these parallel environments? And how did you roll out your updates? Tremendous complexity in solving that problem. What cloud technologies allow you to do is they integrate infrastructure into the deployment mechanics, the versioning, and the development process. And really tightly link that stuff together. And the idea being that as a developer, I can focus on my code change and I can use the base infrastructure to help me do this continuous delivery, to manage my environments and to move things between environments in a consistent way. That's very powerful for the developer. So they don't have to think about physical topologies. They don't have to think about the cutover. They don't have to think about all this networking stuff that ultimately results in routing. Tremendous simplicity to do that. And that's a very powerful concept. So just to summarize that. Basically, the versioning control, the development, life cycle, and the actual tactics is essentially what we call integrated stats. And infrastructure scale. So if I push new code, say I'm updating a Node.js piece of code, that should trickle and automatically update other stacks or other code. Absolutely. Yeah, and it should be linked into your application. It should run in your infrastructure. It's the scale it is needed to and cut over for your application. Versus calling the guy who wrote the code for the other piece, making sure he's got the patch loaded. All this is like the complicated under the hood stuff, right? Or my favorite. Your app doesn't work in your test environment.  It seems to work in production. How do I reconcile my environments and spend more time debugging your own environments instead of actually making sure that your value-added business function works?  And that's one of the things that really works well with elastic beanstalk auto-scaling. These are things that developers want. Well, and I wanted to ask about the security model as well. How does the cloud affect that security model in the intersection of mobile? So, every mobile application has a client component and a server component. So, a lot of the focus you see in mobile today is figuring out how we protect data from the client in because there's tons of new threats that go above and beyond server infrastructure for mobile. And actually, many of the things we'll talk about in our mobile-first keynote are some of the security technologies to help with that. Now, cloud, of course, does introduce additional security challenges as well. How do you securely connect to this sensitive enterprise data? Bring that to a scalable compute environment, but retain control. We actually have a lot of experience in integrating technology and integrating with single sign-on infrastructure. So, there's a lot we can bring there to an enterprise and, frankly, there's more to come as we and the industry, actually, figures out what the best model is for these enterprises. You know, it's interesting to me, Michael. You hear so many enterprises talk about their concerns about the cloud generally, and specifically, public cloud as it relates to security in particular. You don't hear those same concerns. At least not in his vocal sense about mobile. Everybody wants to have an app store for their enterprise, or everybody's going to mobilize their workforce. Why do you think that is? I mean, is mobile inherently more secure? I don't think so. You're relying on the cloud in a big way. Every enterprise conversation I have, security is one of the top things in every conversation you have about mobile. So, I wouldn't say that that's the case. What I will say is that security is a trade-off. It is always a trade-off between protecting your data and the value you're getting, the speed that you're getting. So, is that what it is?  I think that, you know, there's tremendous pressure to get to market today. Also, those applications are becoming more sophisticated. So, as more transaction based off what starts occurring over that channel, the need for security is more. So, you know, lots of enterprise are looking to get that, and then they're going to sort of scale it as they become more sophisticated. So, does the cloud enable a better security model because you can potentially, you know, import patches across a wider base and scale that? Or does it create more threats because the bad stuff can complicate fast? Certainly building security into your applications is hard. If you could use an environment where security was integrated into that and you didn't have to think about it, it's less error-prone, you can trust the experts that build it into it, that has tremendous value to the internet. I always ask, you know, people in the business, is security a do-over as a result of these megatrends? It can't be. You need it. Mike, I want to ask you, take your IBM hat off for a second. We'll leave half your hat on. Just turn it sideways, just half. I'm not speaking of hats myself.  Just take the CrowdChat examples. We have CrowdChat.net slash IBM Pulse. It's a web app. We have a mobile. Pretend you're working with us and you're saying, okay, we're going to build this mobile app from scratch. What do we do? What do we do? Complete blank sheet of paper. Take me through the steps of how do I attack that? What do I call? How do I think? Sure. Well, if I was building a Born on the Web kind of platform, I would look to these scalable cloud technologies, go and sign up with one of them and try them, much like the announce you saw today that we did with Bluemix, because the opportunity there is to take one of these preintegrated environments. I have my code that just scales for me. By the way, I don't know how popular my service is going to be. I don't know what my spike of usage is going to be. I can offload all that and I can pay for what I need. So that's a great opportunity to get started quickly, integrate those services and go and build it. I think those are the kinds of technologies that those new applications are going to look at today. What kind of software packages should I use on the IBM portfolio? Well, what are you skilled at? See, that's the beauty of it. You can pick the language that your developers have skill in. Is it Java? Do you want to do JavaScript programming? Do you want to write in Ruby? No problem. So the flexibility there is to tap into your skill set and ultimately where you can find talented engineers in your area that feel comfortable with what you're building. Okay, a final word. Tell the folks out there what is the roadmap for mobile first, why is it important and where is it going? Sure, so we're really focused on three things. We want to give everyone the breadth of the portfolio to operate their complete digital platform. We're going to help them create an infrastructure that's optimized for mobile that's the most secure. We want to give them the complete life cycle for their applications such that they can continuously deliver and get to market fastest with our stuff while still tapping their existing enterprise legacy. And then we want to give them the tools to create a differentiated brand experience and ultimately really understand how they're interacting with their consumers. Take advantage of this new forms of data and make that experience better. Mike, thanks for coming on theCUBE. Also, IBM has a developer event called Dev at Pulse which is going on separately. It's a great place. You haven't checked it out. It's a great experience. We're going to try to get over there tonight if we can. I got to figure out who to call to get in there but I think Colleen will hook me up. I think she's out there. But big developer party here going on. You guys are attracting new developers. Absolutely. 70% of the attendees are first timers here. Great show. We'll be right back. This is theCUBE talking mobile with IBM here at IBM Pulse. Right back after this short break.


so design equations for mf for or mf of solids till there are some more condition uniform gas throughout uniform gas composition any other condition constant particle size you can also add here constant single particle size and scm right good the design expression already you have derived right we have given the equation what is the equation tomorrow examination 1 minus x bar b equal to 0 to tau 1 minus x b single particle sp is single particle e power minus t by t bar m by t bar m dt that is the design expression and the general procedure is if I have 3 steps controlling we have that equation t by tau equal to in terms of 3 resistances re-lengthy equation so that equation you have to take but this t by tau is a function of x b you will have 1 minus x b to the power of 2 by 3 and also 1 by 3 all kinds of combinations of 1 minus x b is there so we have to solve for 1 minus x b and then substitute here for single particle and then integrate that is the general procedure so to simplify to understand you know easily for example if it is film controlling or reaction controlling or diffusion all over controlling all 3 steps single steps controlling we will have the equations and complicated things I will give it to you so that you can do in the examination simple things I do in the class complicated things you have to do in the exam that is an examination is always like that you know you tell in the class simple things and then allow you to expand your brain thinking how to extend the situations to various complicated situations in fact true education is that and if you are not doing that what you are doing is coaching what is that give the problem and ask you to solve 1000 times the same problem so that your speed will go to 0 to infinity okay even before you see the question you will answer that is what is coaching centers do you know but I think in real education expansion of brain so that is why examination always complicated problems you have to extend what you have understood the knowledge good so now that is why simple things for me first film control if you have film control you know that the equation for 1 minus x b what is the equation for film control if I have only I mean in terms of 1 minus x b 1 minus x b equal to t about to funda is okay that is okay now you have to write in this fashion for single particle right so 1 minus t by tau that is the one so we have to substitute this equation 2 in equation 1 yeah probably finally you got your assignment we will do it today because tomorrow exam now but did you see you said that you know email you could not get it and all that now first of all you have to accept that you should be in the group you already accepted that then why did you not get all of you got it or not got so because all all other assignments also I will be sending only through this group otherwise Rahul I think we can do is simply taking their actual IDs and then make as a group I say we should we go to Google and take permission from them us or no and all that and then finally put it that is the best one you have you know you are not using smail right you use so then give a smale I think you have all the role numbers if you add all the number that is your automatically smail right yeah that is officially always better Google is difficult we don't know I think everyone has to accept first if they don't accept they don't accept yeah but I prefer smail instead of Google group what is the advantage of Google Google group this also I can make it as a group all these numbers together in one group made so I can how many everyone forwards right your smail whatever you are using for that mail smail is forward you can also do that okay good so substituting equation to here we have for single particle 0 2 tau and this one 1 minus t by tau e 4 minus t by t bar m by t bar m dt so this is equation 3 and I am going to write here after integration you are going to get the final expression but if you write the same thing in the examination I don't give you marks okay yeah so it's not memory you should also use that mathematics so that is why please don't write that after integrating you are getting the one now I am going to write after integrating okay so after after integration yeah integration by parts you know this is e so after doing that what you get is x bar b equal to you can also write in terms of 1 minus e 4 minus 2 by t bar m where tau is the single particle time required for complete conversion and t bar m is yeah you see this is the beautiful integration of kinetics and contacting okay yeah contracting comes through t bar m okay yeah and kinetics comes through tau okay good so this is 4 so practical engineers have also used this this e power x if you take e power minus x you have some expansion right e power minus x equal to 1 minus x and x square factorial by 2 and all that is okay x square by 2 factorial that expansion if you do and then write you will get again in terms of 1 minus x bar b equal to 2 factorial tau by t bar m 1 by 3 factorial tau by t bar m square again plus alternately 1 by 4 factorial factorial tau by t bar m whole cubed minus now etc so this is the equation this is equation 5 generally we can prefer this and this also sometimes can be used you know this is by trial and error only how to solve in this case of course it is easy you can bring this side here and because you know either you have to find out either x b or t bar m okay so given t bar m you find out x bar b otherwise for a new reactor x bar b you have to assume okay 90 percent conversion for example or 99 percent conversion and then solve for t bar m tau comes through kinetics total time you should know okay so that is why that is why I think it is may be trial and error problem so this is good guess in the beginning and then you can refine retune it for exact answer so that is what what we do so this is for film control next one is reaction control diffusion is slightly cumbersome so that is why reaction control we are going this is again you will get an analytic expression here for reaction control you have the equation for single particle x b s b yeah anyone remembers 1 minus t by tau yeah whole cubed okay yeah if you see the actual equation in terms of t by tau equal to 1 minus 1 minus x b to the power of 1 by 3 okay so that we are writing in this passion so now equation 6 is again substituted in equation 1 substituting equation 6 in 1 let me write the equation 1 minus x bar b equal to 0 to tau for this one it is 1 minus t by tau whole cubed t bar m by t bar m d t so this is equation 7 good and this mathematical technique you have to learn it comes through the trickers in formula because this is cubed and you have e power minus t here okay anyway this is constant so that mathematical technique you have to show when I ask derive that corresponding equation okay so after this is equation 7 yeah again after integrating equation 7 through the trickers in formula okay brush up you know you learnt mathematics only not to write the examination later to use okay so that is why I think you have to brush up all those things here yeah what you get is an unethical expression x bar b equal to yeah I do not know how do you remember but you have to remember tau minus 6 t bar by tau whole square plus 6 t bar m by tau whole cubed yeah and here we have 1 minus e power minus so this is equation this is equation number 8 you see now you have 3 t bar by tau and next one is minus 6 t bar m by tau square plus 6 t bar by tau so t bar cubed and into that exponential tau right this is truly difficult if I give you t bar it is very easy for you to calculate simply substitute t bar by tau because tau through kinetics you know and then you can easily calculate x bar b but for a new reactor it is hell you have to solve this equation okay to calculate what is t bar m and for that unless you have practice you are always going to complain in the examinations or time is not enough yeah if your velocity of writing is 0 you need an infinite time I say infinite time you cannot give for examination okay so that is why you practice practice practice that is why assignments are given good so again we can expand this and then write this in a more easy manner for solving the problem as engineers so we have in series 1 minus x bar b 1 by 4 tau by t bar m minus 21 by 20 tau by t bar m square plus 1 by 120 tau by t bar m whole cubed etc so this is equation number 9 so that is the another case okay let me underline this so that you will see difference yeah next one is diffusion control as diffusion control yeah what is the equation for as diffusion control yeah I will write tell me t by tau equal to 1 minus 1 minus 3 into yeah right 3 into 1 minus x b 2 by 3 plus yeah this is for single particle right what is the equation number 10 this I cannot write so easily the way we have written here okay yeah I am telling that many times so you have to solve for this 1 minus x b and then substitute equation 1 and then you have to get the final solution so that is not the easy one so that is why people have already expanded that in you know some common series solution then we have the solution for as diffusion control as 1 minus x bar b equal to 1 by 5 tau by t bar m minus 19 by 420 tau by t bar m whole square across that okay plus I will write here 41 by 4620 tau by t bar m whole cubed that is plus yeah then we also have another term minus 0.00149 tau by t bar m to the power of still some more able to see this is equation number 11 only thing you have to preach that you know you should never be diffusion control okay but unfortunately most of the time it is diffusion control why why most of the time it is diffusion control yeah there are thumb rules you know to remember very easily why because most of these gas solid non catalytic reactions takes place at very high temperature so reaction will be generally very very fast because idealistic equation then whenever you have the product as ash where you know structure is porous then outside film is always negligible so that is why most of the time this is equation you have to remember not for the examination I am talking I am talking about in general examination I can give any control okay so this is how you have to solve this problem and then you have to remember all this and again as usual I am giving you if I give you t bar m that is a for existing reactor where you know already t bar m t bar m is nothing but w by f where w is the hold up of solids inside the reactor and f is mass flow rate of the solids okay normally it is in homogenous system it is volume by volumetric flow rate but here we go for mass yeah weight by mass flow rate of solids okay good so if already have the reactor t bar m I know then I can calculate x bar b which is easy but to design a new reactor you have to assume whether you are going for 99 percent conversion 99.99 percent conversion and then solve this equation for t bar m good okay so because you have exam tomorrow let us do one or two problems so that you will have at least some experience of doing a problem I know this may be the first and last time you do the problems so that is why I think I will tell you some problems one plug flow reactor other one is mixed flow reactor we will take okay for plug flow reactor please take the problem statement I will just dictate yeah you remember plug flow for plug flow the single particle equations like equation 2 equation yeah 6 and equation 10 all of them are straight straight forward you will get it okay only thing is t is replaced by t bar p t bar p okay so that is mean residence time of solids within the plug flow reactor so that is all and depending on which one is controlled you have to substitute that and I also told you that we may have distribution of particles that we have done if you have simply distribution take the average weighted average right so that is why we will do one problem because the other problem is simple single size particles we will take for plug flow distribution of particles right that one is okay please take this problem a feed consisting of 30 percent of a feed consisting of consisting of 30 percent of 50 micron 50 micron radius particles comma 40 percent of 100 micron particles okay micron radius okay 100 micron radius particles and 30 percent of 200 micron radius particles is to be fed continuously is to be fed continuously in a thin layer in a thin layer onto a moving grate onto a moving grate here it is moving grate cross current okay onto a moving grate cross current to the flow of reactant gas cross current to the flow of reactant gas to stop okay for the planned operating conditions for the planned operating conditions the time required for complete conversion is 5 comma 10 and 20 minutes for the 3 sizes of the particles 5 comma 10 and 20 minutes for the 3 sizes of the particles that means here I have tau minutes 5 10 20 for 3 sizes of particles okay full stop find the conversion of solids for a residence time of 8 minutes in the reactor very nice problem find the conversion of solids for a residence time of 8 minutes in the reactor so T bar P is 8 minutes yeah cows are given tau for 50 tau for 100 tau for 200 please try you have the calculators know you have to bring calculators every day because separate test anytime I can give what have you know no calculator read the problem is there anything missing which is not specifically given yeah how do you find out which one is rate which one is controlling billa reaction control why why do you say reaction is control tau is directly proportional to R yeah but now you have crossed LKG because other one when you are talking about three controls tau was also proportional to R for film also but later you graduated when you are talking about changing size particle okay for if the particle is becoming smaller and smaller okay so that means if you take very small particle constant size then the exponent may be different so that is why for film control the exponent changes from 1.5 to okay so that is why the logical conclusion here is reaction control how how can you say that yeah feed is spent in a control manner this is moving rate in fact okay so this is moving rate where so here only you are feeding of course the depth I have not shown you so this is this is moving rate comes out so I told you know this is wonderful example for plug flow because every particle definitely will spend exactly same time here in normal flow when you have fluid that is not possible but solid this is one of the excellent examples okay yeah so this is what but you know how can you say that when it when I put on the moving rate how can you say that it is reaction control and yeah gas is moving cross current to this yeah so what even then how do you conclude that it is reaction control you cannot say okay thin means what you are putting thin so what it can be film controlling it can be diffusion controlling as diffusion controlling or it can be reaction control also that will not tell you anything unless I say that I have infinite velocity one will go which one will go infinite gas velocity film control will not be there because the the film thickness is so small that may not be contributing but you know that is a lousy assumption if I have infinite velocity solids will not be there they will be fluidized they will go to some other solar system okay so that is why that is also you cannot say only from data you have to see how is proportional to or yeah we have another one for film control I have given you some data I do not know whether you are there on that day or if you have film control the exponent falls it will change from 1.5 to 2 that is also one of my favorite problems I can ask that also prove that for film control if for small particles and large particles show that the exponent changes that you already you should have that knowledge because for film control we have shown that from mathematical equations derivations derivations we have derived for small particles large particles I did it for n you know exponent n large particle here we told that we have a particular transition and a particular numerical value which is whatever it is excellent expansion of this range good that is nice if you do that but we are not going to that complicated way in transition between this particle to that particle if you are able to do that you will get 100% marks number generally at least in order of size so like an mm would be considered one mm particle would be considered yeah but how do you find out that you tell me I have already told that I say that order also how do you find that is what I am asking what is the starting point what are the equations we have used for small particles and large particles film controlling you heard of frosting equation frosting equation or range and I have told that already yeah that is why you have to continuously come to the classes not alternatively you are sign waves okay yeah up class down no class up class okay and regular period one class attend next class don't attend another class attend by the by if you don't get that 85% attendance I am going to send this information to Ramboorthy Dean AC okay so I think definitely you have to follow I mean the continuity I say subject continuity must be there range and martial correlation you remember range and martial correlation what is that 2 plus something that something also you have to remember in the examination now we can say something okay from there you can find out whether 2 is dominant and compared to the other term you know for small particles Reynolds number can be neglected based on that you can really find out what is the transition range and all that but these are the simple problems for your exercise understanding straightforward r is proportional to tau or tau is proportional to r that is what I say film control if you have film control the exponent will change from 1.5 to 2 for small particles and large particles so that kind of situation is not here okay so that is why read my notes even if you don't come to the class takes notes from someone and then read large particles 1 1 to 1.5 correct yeah I am sorry I was telling 1.5 to 2 it will change from 0.5 to I have given also that one that notes I don't have done it no one has done it so much time 0.9352 you have done it 0.966 0.966 is not correct how do you do we should have 3 terms there for 3 contributions so I will write the general expression I think I will go that side 1 minus X bar B equal to we have 1 minus XB for 50 micron particles into F of 50 micron particles by F plus 100 micron particles again F of 100 microns by F I think I have to write here only so 1 minus XB of 200 micron particles yeah that is the equation okay yeah and 1 minus XB of each general expression is for plug flow 1 minus yeah tau full cubed right so you have to substitute this for each you know T bar P you know tau for each particle 3 terms and F by F naught is 30 percent 40 percent another 30 percent for yeah different 3 sizes yeah how much you got please remember there is a condition that if a particle has tau less than T bar P so that will not contribute to those terms okay and to check if you substitute that and calculate you will get some illogical answer conversion coming more than 1 yeah exactly conversion coming more than 1 is illogical you know you cannot have conversion 120 percent or 200 percent okay what say sir you will get correctly 93.2 see actually this term will not be there yeah that term will not be there so then I think you know for the 1 minus X bar B equal to 1 minus 8 by 10 whole cubed into 0.4 plus 1 minus 8 by 20 whole cubed into 0.3 so this this was yeah this how much it comes you tell me this one 0.068 so XB X bar B will be 0.932 or 93.2 percent yeah that is the answer good shall we take another problem quickly yeah we have to do this because in examination for you tomorrow okay this fine now promo able to get it yeah simple only essay for you simple if you concentrate it is not difficult at all okay let us do for mixed flow reactor another problem for mixed flow reactor okay please take this yeah a stream of solid particles R equal to 1 mm radius X equal to 1 mm passes through a bench scale fluidized bed reactor a bench scale fluidized bed reactor full stop the solids react with gas solids react with gas to give a solid product according to according to SCM shrinking core model slash reaction control so it is straight away given here it is shrinking core model reaction control as follows okay the solids react with gas to give a solid product according to shrinking core model SCM reaction control as follows so that as follows is F not equal to 100 grams per minute that is 1 W hold up 1 more 0 and X bar P equal to 0.65 okay this data given for the bench scale laboratory reactor so next one assume uniform gas composition throughout the reactor okay assume uniform gas composition throughout the reactor then one calculate the expected conversion calculate the expected conversion in a commercial sized fluidized bed reactor calculate the expected conversion in a commercial sized fluidized bed reactor of 4 tons that means W equal to 4 tons 4 tons treating treating 40 kgs F not equal to 40 kg per minute of 1 mm particles same thing 1 mm particles 1 mm particles yeah that is 1 okay you have to calculate the expected conversion of this 1 mm particle in the actual industrial reactor where I have 4 tons of hold up and 40 kg per minute we are processing okay that is the input to the reactor good number 2 number 2 find the size of a single size fluidized bed reactor find the size of find the size of a single fluidized bed reactor needed to treat 4 tons per hour that means here F not is given 4 tons per hour of R equal to 1 mm particle okay same particles 1 mm particles to 99 percent conversion to 99 percent conversion so X bar B this is a nice problem covering all that you know like you have a fluidized bed laboratory reactor this is what normally we do for any new process we develop a small reactor in the laboratory and then try to find out what is happening in that and then extend that data to large scale systems okay yeah so in the first data is given to you to find out TM is given TM is 1000 tons by sorry 1000 grams by 100 grams per minute so tau you will know and is only single size particle no problem reaction control everything is clear that means tau you have to calculate from this data and in the first this industrial problem it is asked to calculate expected conversion X B equal to X bar B equal to how much here W equal to how much yeah yeah T bar B is given there T bar M T bar M is given here because it is again no no T bar M is not given here only tau you know X B is given here X bar B is given here so you have to find out T bar M we will do that and you see from the laboratory reactor you have to use this equation or this equation to calculate T bar M by tau T bar M is given anyway here and then calculate tau okay so from equation 8 by trial and error or this you can start and then put it here by trial and error and then you have to find out right yeah so from laboratory data bench scale or lab data yeah lab data what is this T bar M T bar M equal to 10 minutes right X bar B is 0.65 yeah that depends on the magnitude of tau by T bar M because if tau by T bar M is very small so cube will not contribute that much yeah so that you have to decide for each problem when you have this idea what is the safe bet what do we start with safe bet is 8 equation 8 that is analytical formula closed form solution so you have to start that is why mathematical methods in chemical engineering you learn you know so all that is only to use here you know all the time you do not have to have a computer you can also use brain tau is 18.8 yeah approximately 20 okay 19.88 I got by trial and error depends on how many terms they have taken okay yeah you have to do that good yeah so from this first part what you get tau is 19.88 minutes or approximately 20 minutes engineering good by trial and error method there are many methods you know I think you can guess a value and then what is that next one whatever you get what is that what is that some method yeah correct so with the 2 or 3 or 3 times also if you then you will converge to one value like that okay good yeah so then the other one what this bit if you want to find out again you have to use the same equation but what is known there tau is known to me because same particles that is not going to change okay then T bar M is known to me because T bar M for the first case is 4000 divided by 40 that will give me T bar M tau is known T bar M is known so for first bit here this is easy I think everyone likes that T bar M yeah can someone tell the term sir by the way what is T bar by tau T bar by tau is how much or T bar M by tau 100 by 20 yeah 19.88 if you take almost 5 T bar by tau I am asking 5 yeah of course when you are substituting there you have to substitute reverse now here it is okay T bar by tau correct how much what is the answer there X bar be any other answer may be seeing me you may think that I will give only always difficult problem got it no calculator why if I have given you supply test what you would have done exact I also got 0.952 95% 95.22% okay so X bar equal to 0.9522 good so the other one because you do not have time now to check all this the other one is calculating W to calculate W first you should solve this equation for T bar M okay because tau B is known X bar B is given so X bar B is how much 0.99 so you have to solve again same formula only one formula that is all now you have to calculate T bar M if you calculate T bar M that will be that you check that think T bar M is approximately anyone did it no 25 tau yeah around 25 so now you know T bar okay what is W if you take that answer we calculate again 25 tau means 25 into 20 500 yes 33.1 ton okay so W equal to here 33.1 tons okay and now you can imagine how do you put this 33.1 ton in the reactor it is a fluidized bed so I told you know that example all our Indian movies end with a what is that marriage okay all the problems start later so here also exactly same thing after calculating W all the problems start how do I put that is it one particle one above the other where it can go to Mars or moon somewhere yeah or is it in this direction any infinite diameter and then you know you will have one layer or less than one layer how do you really choose it this no one talks generally most of us only say that find the volume or find the hold up then how do you how do you really put that in the reactor so that shall we wait till fluidized bed reactor design is done okay there are some thumb rules what is the diameter and what will be the height of the bed diameter generally L by D people take 1 to 2 why pressure drop is one criteria but I think you know not that one no what is the idea what is the assumption for fluidization perfect mixing so to maintain if you put 1 kilometer height and then you know perfect mixing I cannot expect so similarly I put 1 kilometer diameter and then again fluidize I may not expect again perfect mixing so that is why L by D equal to 2 even though industry they may go to 3 4 times also because they do not bother approximation because in the same area they are able to accommodate more number of area is important there no so that is why sometimes 4 5 also they go but 4 5 you will not get definitely good mixing because our assumption entire thing is based on perfect mixing so when you are designing in the reactor the final fluidized bed reactor in the industry that also should you have perfect mixing of solids when you do not have your assumptions are wrong you will not get exactly same conversions or you need more than this if the assumption of perfect mixing is wrong you may need 40 tons instead of 33 tons okay so those things I think we will discuss when fluidized bed is designed but this is how like for example even in this is one here if the problem is reverse I asked you know in the plug flow reactor design if I ask you the reverse question that means T bar P is given here but now I will ask you to calculate T bar P and you have to calculate conversion sorry given conversion given conversion calculate T bar P right so T bar P you got 8 minutes now I tell you that okay let us use rotary kill also is a plug flow reactor right what is the rotary kill you have a cylindrical tube moving slowly like this okay so it will rotate slowly it will be rotating feed here solids will come out of course we are talking about large amount of gas so either you can send this way or this way to maintain that uniform composition of gas throughout the reactor okay so then yeah I think listen to this is this is very important rotary kill design right so that 33 tons for example if I have that 33 tons and that 33 tons also I have to accommodate here how do you accommodate what is the length I have to take what is the diameter you have to take and you know hold up in a rotary kill how much free volume is given for the particles to move because it has to rotate like this go up and the particles will be taken to the top and then they fall okay so to give that that is a good guess less than 10 percent you will have hold up 90 percent is free volume 67 and you know the rotation I mean a rpm very high this I think one of my problems must be there in your plant design I know that problems you have 60 70 problems this rotary kill design also this should be there one of my problem at the time which I know Margea if you have go to critical speed and all the totally Margea how much below it is actually 5 rpm 4 rpm 6 rpm like that very very low slow very very slow particles should slowly go up if you are almost going to critical speed what will happen I am just example as an example so solids will go on stick to the walls and all gas will go through the centre so bypassing now you have to also provide the residence time so that is why length will come in the residence time and you know angle how much angle do you think it will be 30 is too too large it is again 3 4 degrees to provide you know maximum residence time 30 is very slant everything will come out so quickly yeah so you know all these things you know very very simple things what we think that is why I told you my example you know that marriage movies and with marriage but afterwards so many problems are there starting with you know we have to go and buy vegetables after marriage before that both will go happily okay so like that here also everything is a problem how do you fix them how do you rotate them even this also so what should be the diameter of this wheel what should be the diameter of this wheel okay and the distance length and width all these things are problems they should not be if you have mechanical vibrations particle may go forward particle may go yeah and also this way you cannot expect again ideal plug flow we have to be close to our ideal assumptions right so that is the challenging for engineer you assume something how do you maintain the same thing in industry with the same assumptions same conditions like ideal plug flow same conditions like ideal mixed flow beauty beauty chemical engineering is beautiful because only chemical engineers deal with so many types of equipment not others because every process different for us if you take sulphuric acid the same sulphuric acid things you cannot use for nitric acid you may say both are acids or I cannot use you can never use and even if you have the both the process nitric acid and sulphuric acid both process together also you can never use it for hydrochloric acid that is that independent that is independent these are independent so that is why every time for every flow chart you should have a different kind of equipment where beautifully everything is that is why chemical engineering curriculum I think a subject is so beautifully designed okay everything comes under mechanical operations are you know that other unit operations correct no any kind of equipment we can put that because the basic phenomena is same but you can use different kind of equipment so that is why simply heat transfer mass transfer momentum transfer and CRE if you read you know most of the things of course thermodynamics is God you cannot cross beyond that process control is the final control and process calculations will give you what is entering what is leaving you know energy balance material balance and all that really I love chemical engineering you know the subjects everything anything that is what you know only two ideal reactors any kind of reactor you bring I can divide I can tell you whether it is either plug flow or mixed flow what your wonderful assumption or assumptions so that is why chemical engineering that design of curriculum and it is really great I do not know you may not like it most of you when I say this because you say that management is great because 30,000 30 lakhs 40 lakhs after MBA what is your 1.2 crores that is what people see there but the beauty in subject I say that is very very beautiful chemical engineering is wonderful okay anyway is my passion but it may not be your passion at all okay thank you


Hello and welcome to the International Daily Roundup by People's Dispatch, where we bring you some of the major news developments from across the globe, our headlines. Donald Trump lays down planned lift lockdown in 29 states before May 1st. Singapore's migrant workers are the worst hit by the pandemic, reporting 9 out of 10 new infections. Egypt, to be shut down on major national holiday after single highest day rise in COVID-19 cases. On the International Day of Palestinian Prisoners, detainees in Israeli prisons remain vulnerable amid coronavirus outbreak. Colombians protest state negligence amid pandemic. We begin with our daily COVID-19 update. The number of cases has crossed 2,081,000, with close to 139,500 people dying as of 1130 GMT today. Meanwhile, the office of US President Donald Trump yesterday released the outline of a plan for the phased reopening of the US economy. The plan laid out guidelines on the easing of restrictions placed on public movement in states that have shown a consistent decline for at least 14 days. Every state in the US has reported at least a few hundreds of cases. Even as the US has increased testing rates and there has been some decline in hospitalization in several badly affected regions, no state government is committed to reopening this month. Trump, on the other hand, was quick to declare that 29 states are already eligible to ease restrictions before May 1, even though no details of the states were given. The guidelines come within days of Democratic Party-run states forming regional blocks on the West Coast and the Northeast of the US to coordinate plans to reopen by passing the President. The US is the worst-affected country in the world in the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. It has close to 678,000 reported cases so far, with over 34,000 people dead. Singapore witnessed a largest jump in cases reported in a single day. The more troubling fact is that a huge majority of the new cases are being discovered among migrant workers of the country. According to the city state's health ministry, Thursday saw 728 new cases of COVID-19, 680 of which were from among migrant workers. Of these, 654 cases came from workers who are living in overcrowded dormitories in different parts of Singapore. Many have raised the issue of the vulnerability of the over 200,000 migrant workers, most of whom are forced to live in dormitory accommodations with unhygienic conditions. The dormitories alone have reportedly close to 2,700 of the more than 4,400 cases reported so far. Authorities have taken to isolating entire dormitories, housing thousands of people, calling them suspected clusters after hundreds of cases were identified from them. A total of 12 of the 43 recognized dormitories have been isolated and continue to report an overwhelming majority of the new cases. Meanwhile, Egypt plans a full-fledged lockdown on an upcoming national holiday after it recorded the biggest single daily rise of COVID-19 cases. According to the country's health ministry on Thursday, 168 new infections were detected, taking the total number of positive cases to 2,673, with 196 deaths so far. Egypt has already imposed a partial lockdown, closing down schools and colleges, preventing mass prayers and cancelling sports activities, among other things. It has also imposed a nationwide 10-hour curfew at night. Prime Minister Mustafa Madhbooli announced yesterday that the country would shut down all public transport and public spaces on the coming Monday. This was also imposed to avoid large gatherings on the day of Sham NSM, a major spring festival in Egypt. Today, April 17 is the International Day of Palestinian Prisoners. This is marked every year to remember and express solidarity with the thousands of Palestinian men, women and children who are imprisoned in Israeli jails and detention and interrogation centers. Most of the Palestinian prisoners and detainees have been incarcerated for resisting the brutal Israeli occupation. It is estimated that more than 5,000 Palestinians, including 432 administrative detainees, are currently being held in Israeli custody. Of them, 41 are women, 183 are children and 700 are seriously ill. 200 of them have chronic or life-threatening diseases. Prisoners with underlying medical conditions and pre-existing diseases are at an even greater risk of contracting the novel coronavirus. In our in-focus section, we speak to Charlotte Kates, the International Coordinator of Samidun Palestinian Prisoner Solidarity Network, on the situation of the Palestinian prisoners amid the pandemic. To start off, we wanted to kind of talk about an issue that's pressing for incarcerated people across the world, which is the fact that the COVID pandemic has put the incarcerated population not only in the Israeli prisons, but across the world in a very vulnerable situation. A lot of human rights organizations and prisoner support groups have been calling for the humanitarian release of prisoners amid the pandemic to contain the spread of the virus. We're wondering what is the current state, what are the conditions in these prisons, what has been happening with the spread of the virus in Israeli prisons, and what is the resistance of the Palestinian prisoners amid this outbreak? Thank you for asking me. Right now, the situation around COVID-19 in Israeli prisons for Palestinian prisoners is one that is very vulnerable and one that is very worrying, because just like incarcerated people elsewhere in the world, Palestinian prisoners are incredibly vulnerable should COVID-19 enter the prisons, and especially because of the systematic policy of Israeli medical neglect and negligence directed towards Palestinian prisoners. This isn't simply a situation related to COVID-19. This didn't start with the beginning of this pandemic. For years, Palestinian lives have been at risk and Palestinian lives have been lost due to Israeli medical neglect. Over 200 Palestinian prisoners have lost their lives inside Israeli jails, including over 67, due to confirmed cases of medical negligence and neglect. So this is not something that's just become a concern due to COVID-19. In fact, access to independent doctors, access to independent health care, being given proper tests and treatment, being given medicine instead of simply painkillers when Palestinian prisoners complain about their injuries and illnesses has been a long-term demand of the Palestinian prisoners' movements and various hunger strikes and campaigns that have taken place within the prisons. There are hundreds of Palestinian prisoners who are ill, including over 200 that have chronic conditions or who are very sick with cancer and other diseases. This is a population that is incredibly vulnerable to COVID-19. There are prisoners who are as much as 80 years old inside Israeli jails, and the Israeli system has refused to release them again and again and again, whether on legal, compassionate, humanitarian, or political grounds. These are 5,000 Palestinians who are essentially being held as hostages by the Israeli state because they represent the Palestinian liberation movement, because they represent the Palestinian resistance, and because they represent the legitimate leadership of the Palestinian people that has been locked away. And so when we look at the situation of COVID-19, what we do see is once again the perpetuation of Israeli negligence and abuse. So far, there has not yet been a case of COVID-19 detected in the prisons, but if it's there, we wouldn't know because they're not testing the prisoners, and the prisoners are demanding access to test kits. They can't, even 140 different items, including sanitation products were withdrawn from the canteen, the prison store, where prisoners are actually forced to purchase these goods to clean their cells and areas themselves were withdrawn after the pandemic began because there was demand for them in the Israeli market. And so once again, we have this systematic colonial neglect and abuse of Palestinian prisoners behind Israeli bars. If COVID-19 is spreading within Israeli prisons, we wouldn't know if theirs voices are being silenced and because they do not have, they're not receiving the medical care, they're not receiving testing, they're not receiving treatment. We do know that one Palestinian prisoner, Nur al-Din Sassour, was diagnosed with COVID-19 after being released. He was held in interrogation for approximately two weeks before being released. During that time, he was held in interrogation and he was held in Ulfer prison, which is one of the largest prisons, housing Palestinian prisoners, including administrative detainees who are held without charge or trial as well as child prisoners. Despite the fact that he interacted with many other Palestinian prisoners during that time, the Israeli prison service has not provided COVID-19 testing for other prisoners, even in Ulfer prison. We also know that in almost, in all of these cases where there has been some kind of exposure documented, that there's been an Israeli study of Palestinian prisoners who was later diagnosed with COVID-19, interrogators who were diagnosed with COVID-19, and these are all people that have been in contact with Palestinian prisoners. Israel is still going on night raids and invading homes. They're not testing soldiers, soldiers are still going out there and presenting a huge threat to the entire Palestinian population, not just to, not even just to individual prisoners, but to the population. And so what we're seeing here is kind of this systematic medical neglect and negligence against the Palestinian population, especially against Palestinian prisoners. And Palestinians have not been silent in response. They have been organizing. They've shut down the sections in several prisons to protest against the situation. They have demanded the return of cleaning products and other sanitation products. They've returned their meals. They're continuing to organize and they're continuing to resist, even at a time when due to the lockdown, what we're seeing is the kind of support that these prisoners would usually be seeing on the Palestinian street instead has to be mobilized online. And so even that is a further, you know, element of difficulty that's added to these prisoner situations. And another thing that I wanted to raise about this issue is the fact that Palestinian prisoners are being denied the opportunity to even tell their stories. So because ostensibly of the threat of COVID-19, family visits have been banned, legal visits have been banned, these visits, family visits, for example, even normally take place behind glass. So at the same time when Israel introduced visits behind glass for Israeli criminal prisoners, they banned family visits for Palestinian prisoners. And so Palestinian prisoners are also having only very limited if any access at all to call their lawyers and only certain prisoners are being allowed to have a legal consultation at all. And even then they're only allowed to have one. So if there is a situation with illness developing inside the prison, how will the prisoners even get their story out? How will they be able to demand treatment and accountability? And this is something that's a huge concern, you know, first and foremost to anyone around the world who cares for human rights and social justice and human dignity and who supports the Palestinian people's right to live free of colonization and oppression. But of course to the families of these prisoners, but even that sense of worry, of fear, of not knowing what is happening to their imprisoned loved ones, to their mothers and fathers and brothers and sisters and cousins and uncles, you know, what is happening to these people. This is another form of, you know, collective punishment and collective torture being directed against the Palestinian people. And I also do want to note that these same policies are being directed to child prisoners. So child prisoners are being denied visits from their, from their parents. Child prisoners are being subjected to the same measures as all of the other Palestinian political prisoners in Israeli jails right now. And finally, communities and neighborhoods across south of Bogota and Colombia have taken to the streets to denounce state negligence amid the pandemic. Residents say that despite the government announcing that it would distribute financial and food aid, they have yet to see it. In response to their protests, the city government has sent the mobile anti-disturbance squadron or the SWAD to violently repress the protests. A spokesperson for the city government declared that they would not distribute aid in response to pressure tactics. And the mayor of Bogota, Claudia Lopez, stated that the attack on the population by the SWAD was in response to theft. Still despite the repression and the risk, the communities of Colombia, Colombia cities have continued to use their right to protest to demand that the government take urgent action. According to a report by the National Administrative Department of Statistics, just under 50% of Colombia's workforce is employed in the informal sector. This means that millions of Colombians and their families have been left without a source of income amid the lockdown. Furthermore, the country's public sector has been weakened by decades of neoliberal economic policies which have privatized healthcare and eliminated key social support programs.  That's all we have in this episode of the International Daily Roundup. To know more about these stories, visit our website peoplesdispatch.org or follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Thanks for watching.