Okay, we're back here inside the CUBE Silicon Angles flagship program. We go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier, the founder of SiliconAngle.com and we are here, live in New York City, where it is big data week and we are expanding all of our coverage to look at the business value of big data, looking at the analytics side of the insights and then under the hood, looking at all the technologies from ingesting all the data, managing all that, computing calculations on that data to ultimately looking at the impact of the business and vertical markets and insights, et cetera. I'm joined here at the Fran Kahn's SBP, Chief Technology Officer at Sybase SAP. So welcome to the CUBE. Thank you so much, pleasure to be here. So we love SAP, the CUBE started in 2010, it's starting our third season of going to events and we've been at three straight sapphires where we've covered SAP in multi-day format like here in the CUBE and watching SAP evolve was awesome and then the second season of the CUBE, they made the big side-base acquisition which created a lot of conversation but at the time was an early signal of essentially big data. And last year at Sapphire, I had a chance to talk to Bill McDermott and Jim Schnabe about big data and SAP kind of looked at me like, well, yeah, I'm like, you're a big data company SAP, you have side-base, you have in memory, you have mobility, you're showing analytics. I mean, it's the poster child of everything that's being talked about here in terms of business value analytics but SAP wasn't taking any credit for it. So I asked Schnabe, I said, why don't you just market around big data and his reaction was in a very German way, well, it's kind of hype-ish. So SAP, a very professional company, so I understand that but truly it's a big data company. Can you explain to the folks out there what I just said in terms of how SAP really is a big data company when you look at what the startups are patching together here in the open-source community, you guys kind of have that. So explain to the folks out there what SAP has and include the side-base. Sure, so firstly I'm appreciative of you acknowledging the big data credentials of SAP. I mean, it's worthwhile pointing out, of course, SAP is one of those stealth companies in terms of the impact that it has on the world's economy. I mean, if you take a look at SAP ERP, for instance, I mean, it's a pioneer, of course, behind the whole packaged application movement. More than 60% of the world's GDP will at some point in time touch an SAP piece of application infrastructure or applications per se. So that in itself gives it a massive amount of spread in terms of the pervasiveness of SAP. Now SAP over the years has driven itself by certain standards, okay, and those standards are enterprise grade. So whereas a lot of the startups here, and it's fantastic seeing all these companies congregate in this location, but a lot of them are quite somewhat new to the market. They're trying to find the feet, they're trying to figure out exactly where they stand. SAP, of course, has, you know, is tread the path of a school of hard knocks, so to speak, okay, right? So it knows exactly what it takes to have enterprise grade and mission critical support. So SAP in a nutshell from a big data perspective, A, has huge levels of systems of data or systems of record rather, storing business processes that have been around for many years across many lines of business and across in the classic ERP. And now with the SAP acquisition, A, they get an acceleration into mobility, but B, also some fantastic foundations in database and database technology. And that wasn't really talked about much during the acquisition, although, you know, on the inside the ropes, you know, people understood that database impact, but talk about what's changed with SAP, with SAP, side-based with SAP, in the database area specifically, because since the acquisition, you've seen the explosion of open source scale out, H base, you got MongoDB, a bunch of variety of other databases cropping up. And we've been saying on theCUBE here, it's not a mutually exclusive situation. Other companies like IBM and HP recently, we were on this morning, we were at IBM earlier in the week at IOD, and they're embracing the Hadoop and the early emerging ecosystems, and they're putting their solutions on top because they have that enterprise grade kind of level. So talk about the role of SAP with side-based, just over the past 18 months, what's changed, if anything, and how have you guys integrated in considering this thermal growth of emerging open source big data stuff? Sure, it's a great question. So if you look at side-based two years now, since approaching two years since the acquisition, left somewhat independent, but then at the same time supporting the parent company's desires for business applications, right? So firstly, the transactional database engine, the flagship database engine of side-based is ASC, Adaptive Server Enterprise. And over the course of the last two years, that's migrated along the lines of not just supporting custom applications, but also now supporting business suite applications as well. But broadly speaking, where SAP is now leveraging side-based is really the technology know-how, 25, 30 plus years of technology know-how in database and database technology. So where we have now the flagship product set of the database company SAP, if I refer to it as a database company now, is really along the lines. Thanks to you guys. Exactly. Along the line, actually, even independently. Yeah, they have some database, yeah. The real growth really in terms of innovation and market opportunity is through this new innovation of in-memory. Now, SAP has made substantial investments in in-memory compute. We have a product, of course, called HANA, which has not only taken the market by storm, but also a lot of the traditional vendors out there who are now looking at SAP thinking, well, where do they suddenly come from? And now they're having to almost scurry around to try and rebrand themselves as becoming in-memory database companies as well. So I think side-based, over the contributions of the last two years, supporting business applications by having a first-class database offering underneath those business apps, and secondly, contributing towards the innovations, kind of bi-directional innovation between in-memory computing. Side-based is know-how in that space, helping SAP evolve its own platform offering in in-memory computing as well. So you guys have been ahead of the curve, and we recognize that. So two years ago, with mobility was the big theme at Sapphire and with SAP, and Shnabe talked about the growth strategy, and then the next year, you've got success factor. It was kind of bolted in at the last minute, but so then it's clouds. So you've got mobile and cloud. Now you have social and you have connected internet of things. There's a whole other new era. I'm sure next year, Jonathan Becker will have some sort of new marketing angle there, but okay, talk about what that means, because now you have to integrate it in. You have business by design, these other environments where cloud is critical, but it's kind of an older definition. So the question is, not that it's wrong. It was implemented kind of before this kind of disruption was happening. What is the current plan for the cloud and the big data as emerging techniques that look similar are emerging? So I mean, first and foremost, I mean, we always are too quick to literally write the obituary of everything that's preceded big data or whatever the trend is of the day. Yeah, that's for sure. Frankly speaking, I mean, SAP strategy is driven on three levels, right? So firstly, there's an on-premise business, which will be around for many, many years to come. There's an on-demand business, and the on-demand business really is heading in that sass more importantly on the cloud-based side of things, and of course there's the on-device business, right? Which is a whole mobility drive. So across all of those modalities of on-device, rather going backwards, on-device, on-demand and on-premise, we are putting equal levels of evaluation and value into the business to evolve. So you said success factors becomes a cornerstone behind applications. HCM, human capital management type of things within the cloud. As far as SAP's underlining transformation is taking place in the database here, HANA, which is our memory compute platform, really beyond what we can actually even articulate today because the market really hasn't quite caught on yet. Internally, we have the buzz, we know what it's able to achieve. Give us some taste of some of the benchmarks. We've seen some numbers at SAP, I want you to share some anecdotal performance increases because I've seen things that I've heard numbers saying five minutes, five seconds, five days, five minutes. So talk about some of the order of magnitude, performance gains that HANA has been implementing. Before I do that, the anatomy of what HANA as a platform provides you with. First and foremost, it gives you a unification of OLAP type environments, so the analytical type environments, but also OLTP. Now, some of the OLTP testing, in fact, last week, TechEd in Las Vegas, we announced some numbers based upon some performance benchmarking. We're able to achieve 1.5 million transactions per second using HANA as a persistent store with solid state devices, of course, but 1.5 million transactions per second in HANA. Now, if you combine that with some of the analytical capabilities, you're able to minimize the amount of latency that you incur between a transaction occurring and then being able to do very deep analytics, very deep analytics where the data actually resides. So it's phenomenal, it's not just driven by the pure transaction performance, it's also driven by the levels of insight you can drive. I kind of test that you guys have done a great job on the performance side, and I love the strategy of SAP. You got to say, I think you guys are very relevant, and that's why I say I think you were big data before, actually built out big data value proposition and executing it at scale and grade, kind of before the whole market, but again, that's a whole different discussion. The consciousness we want to shift to now is in this ecosystem of Hadoop, you guys have some announcements, but relative to this emerging marketplace, how do you guys look at integrating in some of the Hadoop stuff?  Can you just go through some of your presence here at the ecosystem? Sure, so given, as you say, SAP is not exactly a new market entering into big managing big data, some of the assets that we have from the Sybase side, we have Sybase IQ, one of the first column based databases in the market, there are three philosophies that we held for IQ in terms of integration with Hadoop. Number one, you can have the classic connector, so Cloudera has connectors of course, we can have the pool model, being able to inter-operate with Cloudera from an ecosystem perspective. Number two, we have the ability to be able to actually federate our access to Cloudera HDFS type file systems and be able to map tablespaces across to them. And the third one is, is actually being able to use the database itself to be able to push processing down and actually do native map and reduce using SQL-like extensions natively within the database. So native in database Hadoop type processing. So our extension really is, is to work with the market incumbents, the big market leaders, Cloudera, Hortonworks, et cetera, but also build the bundling so the customer's not left with all the heavyweight lifting. Drive that innovation in terms of the interoperability. How is it that you can get, say the business objects data services? We have this ability to be able to farm, federate down out type of queries using business objects as well. So we have a very comprehensive bundling, packaging, but also a technology grant as well. In the last few minutes we have here, I want to talk about some of the, some of the in the weeds questions around connectors and other things and benchmarks in particular. But let's talk about connectors. The strategy for Hadoop for most people, hey we'll build a connector and suck data around and move data around. And that's, I guess okay if you're moving it and you have, you know what you're moving it for, but it's not the answer. MapReduce in the data sets themselves as seems to be the platform of choice. So do you agree with that statement? And how does that relate to SAP? Yeah, I think the question really comes down to the specifics of the implementation. So yeah, at the moment, because these things are being conceived as almost bolt-ons to existing infrastructure, you're having to deal with these connectors. But ultimately the goal should be to push processing as close to the data as possible. Now if you're going to have to federate out every single time to get to a HDFS or Cloud Air or whatever Hortonworks, you're going to minimize or rather you're going to incur more overhead. So overall, you could argue and say, well if you could well petition the workloads and have map and reduce type functions in the store itself, that would be the most optimum. And in fact, from an SAP point of view, we're driving towards that. We're driving towards having the ability in, in for example, a HANA-based platform to segregate the workload and being able to do the unification of all types of workloads within one single store. The word unification is being kicked around again. It's the tech industry's favorite word.  We can keep watch that buzzword and that hype, but it's really relevant. But okay, on that point, I agree with you by the way on the whole, moving processing down to the data. And a lot of other people do as well, so accurate there I think. But benchmarks, so here at the show we had an entrepreneur come on from Aerospike, Brian Bulkowski, really smart tech alpha geek, and he's got this unique in-flash database. And we're talking around like, who's got benchmarks? So no one at this show yet has released any kind of framework for how to think about performance. And us, you guys nailed this with HANA. Brian's company Aerospike has nailed it. MapR's did his TerraSort. Apparently no one else showed up so they're the world champions. I saw that 58 seconds or whatever. 58 seconds. TerraSort's interesting, but you know, it's good. But no one else is doing any benchmarks. The question is to you from knowing what you know at SideBase and what you've worked on and what you manage, you know, you're managing a lot of big iron, big software, and distributed software, all that great stuff. What benchmarks should this industry be looking at for big data? Benchmarks in themselves, I think, even traditional benchmarks, the TPC type of benchmarks, the Transfer Action Processing Council, they are effectively all workloads that are driven by a certain profile of user and a certain profile of transaction. Now, you're absolutely right. There is no in-memory specific benchmark. There's no in-memory specific workload right now. You end up having to balance out, well, what are you exactly trying to do in memory? Massive sorts like the TerraSort, or is it going to be huge levels of applications who are going to be doing OLAP type functions in memory? So I think from an SAP point of view, we actually have laid down the foundations for an in-memory benchmark. We've created an in-memory benchmark. We've tested HANA against it. Well, you have use cases. Precisely. So you're saying here there's not many use cases yet emerged here other than in-memory. I would say that the use cases ultimately will drive the workload of those benchmarks, but frankly, I think TPC needs to step up, perhaps, and actually author some of these pure in-memory kind of benchmarks. At the moment, you have this traditional go-to disk, bring the data back, and then the whole concurrency piece that you have to worry about from a benchmarking point of view. It's somewhat contrived. I think what we truly need to get to is use case-specific benchmarks that allow you to be able to truly exercise what the engine is able to do. We were just talking about another AlphaGeek, and it's cool to be a database guy now, and one of my tracks in computer science degree was database, I never told anyone I was in database business, because it's like no one was falling out of their chair, but now it's cool to be in databases. So we're talking about concurrency, that it's seeing it's a transition in concurrency. Do you agree with that, that it's aging fast and not aging well, and that new kinds of concurrency is needed? So if you think of the typical model, it is transaction workloads are updating data, so therefore the update model incurs massive concurrency overheads. If you go to an append-only model, this is exactly what we're driving with HANA. So the notion is really that you think of the hot temperatures of data, so hot, warm, cool, and then cold, and over a period of time, daily when it gets cold, you essentially archive it off. But the problem with that is, of course, is that you need to then bring it back to hot data again, some compliance check, for example, some regulatory report needs to be run. We have Glacier, which is Amazon's product, actually call it Glacier, it's actually completely frozen. So the intent really is that, if you really look at the profile of data, you need to be able to get to the point where you can bring back data into the data. Isn't that why some of the things are changing so fast, because what you just explained is kind of a new phenomenon. It used to be simple, active data, passive data archive. Now you have different classifications and you need low latency. And is that one of the drivers that's changing a lot of this? It's going to become increasingly important to be able to balance right and read optimization in one single platform. Now I don't use that word unification half-heartedly. We have actually got a very strong, credible platform, which is not encumbered by this technology debt that's been carried by a lot of the other vendors out there, they've carried this through because they've had to incrementally add new features to their database technologies. We've started afresh, we've worked with Intel, we've innovated in in-memory compute, we have a foundational platform, which is very CPU cash aware, and our in-memory platform is built around that. You talk about concurrency, we've actually introduced new concurrency rules as you talk about that, not just classic MVCC multi-version concurrency, but also being able to go beyond that so you can look at the different dimensions of data. So does that take into account Flash? Absolutely, I mean Flash in one, it's just another medium of storage. Yeah, you look at it as a storage. No changes to that because of Flash. It just accelerates it. Some vendors would argue and say that's the panacea to all performance problems, but of course they're still encumbered by this technology debt. It's nice, it's changed the game, no doubt, but it's not going to change anything with that.  I mean, because if you don't address the root cause, which is inefficient algorithms, in those database processing environments, you don't really solve the problem. You've got IO bottlenecks on one side, if you solve that, you add more functionality, and CPUs are a big part of that too. You add more, you know, I have one person to say, I'm not utilizing my CPU. Well, they want to, so they throw more analytics in, increases the IO bottleneck. So again, this is all kind of in flux, and so it makes sense that let's take it up a notch, okay, high level business value. This is not an SAP question because you kind of laid that at the beginning, but the value proposition for this emerging Hadoop community, you now are offering the big bundle, the bundling packages to help these companies get in and you can work with your accounts, it's not confusing, I got that, check. But for this ecosystem, what is that business value that everyone is striving for? Shoot the arrow forward about a year or two. What has to happen in this ecosystem for the customer value? I think there's three things, right? First off, number one, the developer competence needs to be increased. I mean, everybody's comfortable, you said you did computer science in one of your sort of, 80s, yeah, 80s, yeah, 80s, yeah, 80s, yeah. Old school.  Grade B students, grade C students pick up SQL. It wouldn't necessarily be the case with map and reduce today. I mean, you've got to have a certain skill set. So I think developer proximity to these technologies and having the aptitude to be able to do this stuff. Second thing is, is really there's too much clutter right now in terms of the number of vendors who have just renamed themselves as being become big data companies. We'd almost be able to sort out the wheat from the chaff. Who is truly adding value to the infrastructure and who is just noise? That's why Schnabe, I think, didn't want to put the big data wrapper around there, because I think, at the scale you were running, I think it felt a little cheap, although maybe relevant from a marketing standpoint. Great, well, final question, SAP, what's Sapphire going to be like this year for you guys? Sapphire's going to be noteworthy as usual. There's going to be some good announcements coming out. Tens of thousands of people will of course swarm over across to Madrid this year. We're feeling very good and we've had a great Q3. We're gearing up more towards hopefully a good Q4 as well and ending the year in a high. And we've got some great technology, some great business applications and innovation coming out from the company. Well, we've been very impressed with Bill McDermott and Jim Schnabe because they've been friends of the Q, but we've had them both on for sit-down conversations. Great executives. I will skeptical up first on the co-CEO thing, but I got to say those guys have done a great job. Bill's the sharp-dressed man, very articulate. Schnabe's the mad scientist who puts the strategy together in a good way. I mean, no offense, in a positive way. Crazy scientist in a good way. So congratulations. Thank you. Thanks for coming on theCUBE. Appreciate it to see you. We'll be right back with our next guest. That's SAP here at Strada, integrating in with the emerging crowd. Not playing, they're playing nicely with everybody, doing deals. That's a good sign for the industry and good sign for everyone, including SAP. We'll be right back after the short break.


So, so far we have discussed few cases of finding out the earth pressure by using the trial wedge method. And remember that we have talked about only Rankine's wall that means the wall is smooth and vertical. There is another interesting application of the trial wedge methodology would be when we talk about analysis of completely submerged retaining walls and the backfill. So, I am going to discuss this about today. And this is the retaining wall and there is a surcharge on this. So, this is the surcharge and this happens to be completely submerged. So, the water table is up to this point. The height of the wall is h and we want to analyze it for let us say active earth pressure case. Now, this P could be Pa or this P could be Pp, we will complete the trial wedge. So, this is at angle of theta abc and because of the submergence what is happening is I can find out the weight. So, weight will be equal to half into gamma. Now, the question is which gamma I should be taking because it is a case of submergence. So, this gamma gets replaced by gamma T that is a total unit weight alright and this is multiplied by h square into cot theta. So, weight is known. Now, let us draw the free body diagram. The free body diagram would be there is a normal stress acting over here and why effective because it is a case of submergence. So, we have to superimpose here the pore or pressure in the force form not the pressure form and then there is a component of the force which is acting in the form of shear stress. So, this is the free body diagram of the system. Now, rest of the things remain as it is what we have been doing since long. The only question is how to obtain the u prime and remember n will be equal to n prime plus u prime. So, u prime is the pore or pressure which is getting developed in the system because of the submergence. So, a simple way to do this would be if I find out the pore or pressure at point A and pore or pressure at point B. So, remember the previous course if I want to find out the pore or pressure at point B what I have to do is I have to insert a piezometer and if you insert a piezometer over here what is the height of the water column 0. So, pore or pressure at B is 0 alright and what is the pore or pressure at point A? This will be equal to if I put a piezometer over here the height of the rise in the water tube or the piezometric tube would be H. So, this will be equal to gamma w into H alright. So, the variation of the pore or pressure from B to A is triangular starting from 0 attaining a value of gamma w H. So, if I want to define u as the force now this u as the force would be you need not to write it as a prime u will be equal to average of u A and u B. So, this is equal to half into gamma w into H alright this is in the pressure form. Now if I am trying to find out the u if I say capital U let it be small u force now this will be equal to this pressure is acting on this surface AB alright. So, this will be equal to half gamma w H and what is the length of the surface if this is H this is theta. So, this is equal to theta H by sin theta correct multiplied by 1 perpendicular to section. So, this is equal to H by sin theta into 1. So, this comes out to be half gamma w H square by sin theta this is the pressure pore or pressure which is acting on the slip surface AB because of the submergence is this part ok. Now rest of the things are simple mechanics put this condition sigma fx equal to 0 and sigma fy equal to 0 and solve this function. So, this is theta this will be T cos theta this will be T sin theta. Now we have here the two components like this ok and then we can compute the values of if this is theta this is 90 minus theta. So, this is also going to be theta. So, if you solve these two functions and one more thing which we require is we require a relationship between T and n prime. So, T and n prime can be written as T equal to n prime tan of theta this is part ok yes sorry I am sorry this is going to be phi. So, this is going to be phi prime ok the major unknown is n prime. So, what we have to do is from these two equations we have to obtain n prime and one of the ways to get rid of this would be I can substitute for the T value when I am taking the components equal to n prime tan phi prime. So, you will be getting two equations and you can solve those two equations and hence you can derive the relationship is between the p because the first equation would be fx equal to 0. So, this will be equal to p plus T cos theta equal to n prime plus u sin of theta this is fine and simply by using the resolve components of the weights I can take this also into account as qs into h into cot theta. So, both the components would be qs into h cot theta plus w w is known and this will be equal to this component cos theta now you solve this expression. So, ultimately what we should be getting if you if you solve these two equations what is that we are going to get we are going to get the values which are known as the earth pressure p which can be obtained alright you have to just do simple mathematics to obtain the pressure functions anybody in the class what will the final expression we have filtered out the effect of water. So, the p will be equal to half gamma w into h square plus when you are filtering out the effect of water what about the surcharge and the weight which is going to come. So, this will be half effect of buoyancy gamma bh plus qs is this fine h cot theta this has been so far the normal expression which we have been using in all these trial batch analysis and what is the component which is missing the 10 component hope you can realize what are the different components which have been presented over here in the form of mathematical terms. So, because of submergence we have the buoyant weight though we started with the total weight of the block the pore or pressures have been taken out from the component. So, when you do this type analysis what is going to happen this will be the pressure because of the water surcharge plus buoyant weight of the material. Now, suppose if you want to find out the maximum pressure which is acting on the system maximize this function that is it all right. So, when you maximize what will be what is that you will be getting the known terms that is half gamma w h square plus the effect of buoyant soil mass. So, this will be half gamma bh h square into K a plus the influence of surcharge which is acting on the system that is qs into h into K a is this okay without doing all this analysis also you would have been able to obtain this function just by using simple principle of superimposition 3 pressures which are being taken into account 1, 2 and 3 and that you are aware of fine. Now, this analysis we can easily extend to the cases when we have partial submergence in that case what is going to happen any guess the block or the trial which we have considered is now going to be a composite of 2 sections. Now, rather than having water table here the water table has moved down to this place. So, what will happen to the weight if I had written here a b c b and e the weight will be having now 2 components. So, this is w 1 and this is w 2 and we have discussed enough about the state of the soil mass in this block in the first course of soil mechanics. So, depending upon whether you have a sandy soil compacted clays, salty soil or whether I assume a variable saturation in this zone above the water table or completely dry mass long term short term stability if you remember you know we can attribute gamma values to w 1. So, this gamma could be dry this could be gamma partially saturated I can include the effect of capillary action also here. So, if I include the effect of capillary action what is going to happen there will be a going to be a zone of capillarity ok. So, we have now w 1 getting divided into w 1 1 and w 1 2 that can be taken care of there is no other difference that is all the things are almost similar fine. So, this is another situation which normally we come across in the real life. Now partial submergence could be because of several things this could be you are basically pumping out the water during construction and maintaining the water table over here it could be because of the drainage which is going to take place and hence the water table does not remain up to the top of the backfill under any circumstances the analysis can be done very easily. It is a good example of how would you extend sample analysis which is being used trial batch analysis for finding out the earth pressure on the system. If you remember the way we computed the stress acting on the soil mass I can also use the principle of super imposition over here how I know the pressure which is coming because of the entire system of height h and then I have water dropped up to this level. So, I know what is earth pressure because of this. So, in that case h gets divided into two parts we can have the h 1 as the height of the free water table alright and then we know the pressure distribution because of this and then from this point onwards what has happened the water table is only up to here. So, this is the earth pressure because of the soil mass the water table is coming only from this point onwards. So, this will be equal to gamma w into h 1. So, this is also you can do by all circumstances what is going to happen the p will be equal to half k a gamma h square fine subtract the effect of h 1 height. So, minus 1 k a into gamma h 1 square and then what is there the buoyant force plus half k a gamma b into h 1 square try to prove this function by using the sample mechanistic laws any questions any doubts fine. Now, there is another condition of purged water table in the system. So, when we are dealing with these type of situations the question is how would you construct the retention schemes or the retention system retaining walls which is going to be beneficial. And suppose if I take a case that this is the retaining wall we know that the critical failure surface is going to be like this idea is to minimize the earth pressure which are going to act on the wall alright. And suppose there is a rainfall which is taking place. So, because of this a situation like this or this might develop. Now, what you want to do is we want to minimize the earth pressure which are going to act on the system during rains submerges I have 2 options with me the one is I will create this u prime or the u value as 0. What is happening because of this if you take moment about this point of all the forces you will realize that the water which is present in the retaining wall in the form of the pore or pressure has a toppling effect correct. That means this u has a tendency to topple the wall the more this pressure p is going to be higher because then you require more reactions to balance this. So, in real life the best thing would be if you can create a situation so that the pore or pressure becomes 0. How will you do that in real life pore or pressure can be maintained 0 along AB which happens to be a slip surface when I provide a filter overly there. So, suppose if I create a layer of filter like this filter media sometimes you also call it as a drain you have done these things in your first course where we had talked about the non-homogeneous earthen damps where we had provided a filter layer to act as a tow filter alright. Now because of this what is going to happen if I ask you to draw the flow net for the situation which you have already done in your first course see page analysis what is going to happen here draw the flow net this is a flow line ok and this is how the flow net will look like these are the flow lines what about the equipotential lines equipotential lines are supposed to be cutting them perpendicular to each other I am sure now many of you will be unhappy to see this type of flow net why we are defining the conditions of flow line intersecting the equipotential lines at most of the places this is done look at this point at this point by virtue of being a filter media the pore order pressure is 0. So, this happens to be an equipotential line this is exposed to the atmosphere the surface. So, this is also an equipotential line alright. So, equipotential lines are cutting each other not correct flow lines you are seeing the ambiguity equipotential lines are also intersecting the filter layer line fine. So, it is a rough flow net which we have drawn just for the sake of understanding it is not the correct of flow net. Another issue is when we are creating a filter media layer like this it is extremely difficult to execute this type of a filter drain in real life during execution on black you can draw this very easy, but it is not very easy to execute this type of a filter drain in the field. But still what people do is they do for go for layer wise construction and then by maintaining the geometry they provide this type of filter drains, but I hope you can realize it is not going to be very easy situation. So, if I create this type of a filter drain and if I ask you to find out the pressure this is pressure 1 alright coming from the ball onto the block. What is another way of providing a filter drain in the retaining walls which is normally done the second situation would be which is rather easy to execute in the field the filter layers are provided in the form of a vertical chimney and this is how they are connected to the outside atmosphere even this can also go outside the atmosphere. So, this becomes a vertical filter drain and suppose if I ask you to find out the pore water pressure sorry the earth pressures acting on the system this is going to be P2. Each point along this drain is exhibiting the pore water pressure equal to 0 alright, but not along the surface of the slip. So, AB the pore water pressure is still acting as U what we have shown over here agreed. So, for the sake of construction feasibility this system is very good. Now if I ask you to draw the flow net over here this is an equipotential line because this is attached to the atmosphere. So, you have flow lines you know coming and intersecting like this and what about the equipotential lines now this becomes a difficult situation, but the equipotential lines are also going to intersect somewhere like this perpendicular to the flow lines. So, this is how the flow net has to be completed and then you can find out what is the pore water pressure acting at each and every point along the slip surface you can still use this function to average it get the value of U and do the analysis. The common sense is in second situation because the pore water pressure is acting the P2 is value is going to be higher than P1. So, you have to design the system accordingly this is fine.


Hey Psych2Goers, welcome back to our channel. Have you ever thought about all the lies your parents told you? Some may be pretty serious, others may seem not so harmful. Well, here at Psych2Go, we're about to reveal the truth behind these seemingly harmless lies. Here are some lies your parents probably told you. Number one, I don't have a favorite child. You may have heard your parents say they don't have a favorite child, but according to sociologist Catherine Conger, it's likely they may have lied to you. Ouch. 384 families participated in Conker's research study. 74% of mothers and 70% of fathers admitted to giving preferential treatment to one child over another. And it wasn't always the oldest child that was the favorite, as many suspect. Number two, lying about serious situations. Have you ever found out your parents helped the truth from you about something very serious? Maybe your parents told you they were fine when they clearly were not. Some parents prefer to shield their kids from the harsh truth of reality, but instead of explaining the truth in an easy way for a child to understand, they avoid the truth or choose to lie in order to protect you. Well, according to psychologist Kate Roberts, that may not always be the best idea. Roberts explains that it's more reassuring for parents to admit the situation in terms that the child can grasp. Parents can then talk the child through their feelings about it while they process the hard reality, whatever it is. They could have negative side effects as well, according to Roberts. She explains, if children are repeatedly lied to by their parents, then they may begin to doubt and distrust even the simplest realities. Number three, Santa values being nice. Okay, well, we all know Santa isn't real. Sorry, kids. As a child, we often hear phrases like Santa values nice kids only, or Santa gives cool to naughty kids. But did you know that according to a 2015 study, 94% of parents in America admit to bribing their children in exchange for good behavior. 23% admitted that they would act unethically to snag the last popular holiday gift in stores. And 17% of parents revealed they would indeed lie to their fellow shoppers in order to get that new toy for their child. 8% would knock down another person's child, and 7% would even knock down a senior citizen just so they could fulfill their child's holiday wish list. What is happening to humanity? It looks like Santa rewards bad behaviors in adults with the best holiday gifts. Number four, denying their child's feelings. You may have heard your parents tell you to not cry, or maybe they've insisted that you don't actually feel that way. Denying a child's feelings isn't a great option, and it's also a form of gaslighting. According to psychologist Kate Roberts, these denials are invalidating and leave the child feeling alone and misunderstood. And number five, I'm only acting in your best interest. Did your parents often say this to you when you expressed how you felt about their decisions? For example, let's say you just wanna get a cute puppy as a pet, but your parents refuse, only to spend money on their own desires, a brand new car, even though they already have more cars than they need. You express your feelings to them, but instead of telling you the real reasons why they lie to you with excuses, such as it's because of your allergies or it's for your own good, just to avoid the discussion. This may make you feel like your opinions, thoughts and desires don't actually matter. Have your parents told you any of these lies? Let us know in the comments down below. If you enjoyed this video, don't forget to click the like button and share it with a friend. Subscribe to Psych2Go and hit the notification bell icon for more content like this. And as always, thanks for watching.


Hey, bello buddies. Thanks for watching. All right in this video We are gonna talk about my bread and butter bolo's now everybody's definition of a bolo is something different I call my bread and butter bolo's items that I pick up cheap and I sell for $35 or less Hey, bello buddies. Thanks for watching Amazing, right? All right, let's get started So I am a long tail reseller, which means I don't mind if it takes a while for my item to sell I list it and I forget it. That's what I do. Some of these items sell fast. Some of them sell slow I do a lot of replacement parts things that are harder to find and take the right buyer when I say harder to find Like a battery compartment something you're not gonna have a lot of those because really if the toy works I'm gonna keep the battery compartment on it if it doesn't work I'm gonna take the battery compartment off and I'm gonna try to make a little money on that to make my money back From what I paid for the toy. Does that make sense? so in that aspect some of the things are harder to find because You don't really want to take a toy apart unless you have to so let's get started here I'm gonna share with you 22 of my bread and butter bolo's items I bought low and sold for a profit. You're gonna see that I source these items very cheap I get a lot of items from the Goodwill bins garage sales thrift stores a state sales sometimes and Let's get started Okay, so the first item I sold is this dress and if you guys know me I Don't do a lot of clothes. I really hate the measurements I used to be a full-time clothing reseller and I switched to hard goods probably around five maybe six years ago And this dress was sitting at a thrift store for 50 cents and I was like, you know, it's vintage It's different. I'm just gonna buy it. So I bought it for 50 cents It took a while to sell not one of my better finds, but did I make a profit? Yes I sold it for $12 plus shipping the buyer was all in for $22 and 37 cents These sold super fast So I picked up a little cube at the Goodwill bins and it had these on Each side of the cube. Well, the cube had like some debris and stuff inside of it And I'm like, I am not cleaning that so what did I do? I took it apart and I sold the replacement cards and actually the person that left me feedback they're like I probably could have made these myself, but this was much easier and So my cost of goods was probably around 50 cents sold this for $7 best offer fire was all in for 1359 and they're actually two-sided there The next item is Rolly and bingo puppy dog pals surprise action walking toys and if I remember correctly, this was a viewer sale and I sold these for a best offer of $13 I got them at a garage sale for $2 and the buyer was all in for 27 26 with tax and shipping now These do function. They actually walk and talk so super fun little toys This is a vintage gold tone colorful rhinestone crown Traffari pin brooch I got this out of a t-ball, which is a mystery reseller box from auctions for you and This one item sold for $32 and 50 cents plus the buyer paid shipping I Do have the whole entire Unboxing on this channel just type in Bolo buddies auctions for you and it will pull it up its auctions the number four and then a capital you and It will pull up all the unboxings of things that I've bought from her YouTube channel. Definitely check her out I will link her down below The next item is this GI Joe Sigma Firefly action figure replacement And I got this at a garage sale for 50 cents took a best offer of $7 and the buyer was all in for 1391 so a lot of times action figures. They've got some scuffs some marks. That's okay Just include photos of the item take good pictures show all the sides That way your buyer knows what they are getting Takes a little extra time, but it is worth it The next item is this I always I think I might say this wrong in it an insco insco I don't know Boyd's bear. It's a Boyd's bear and a lot of you are like no I'm not picking up Boyd's bear now. I will tell you that the Boyd's bear minis are still Trending pretty good. You can still get some good money for those the ones that are very small with the sweaters on This one I thought was adorable. It's holding this little elephant Super super cute. I picked this up at the Goodwill bins and I sold this for a best offer of $27 plus shipping It's from 2009 This right here flew out of my store. It's a vintage Carlson's Victorian Bay kit miniature room box unopened 1980 and it is sealed and I got this at a thrift store for $1 took a best offer of 35 plus shipping and again it sold very quickly Vintage dimensions needle point package is open sold as seen So I did price this lower because I wasn't sure if it was complete. I did put used it may have all been there I'm not really sure. I got this at an estate sale Probably had about a buck in it sold it for $18 and 60 cents plus shipping the next item here Are these window August outlet covers? If you've been watching the channel for a while, you have seen me sell these over and over and over what an amazing Bolo I picked these up at a garage sale I got a bag of this gold tone or bronze color and a bag of silver tone color I think it was a bronze and pewter and oh my goodness. I listed them individually and they have just been selling Consistently I think the same buyer is buying a lot of them though I don't know why they're spreading out their buys, but they are I'm pretty sure it's the same buyer. I could be wrong. I just know that it said repeat buyer This one so I've got about a dollar in this and I sold this one for $26 plus shipping This is a Fisher price little people dance and twirl palace blonde Prince King who is posable and this guy came from the Goodwill bins and Somebody bought him and then these two replacement Flags that go on top of a It's a Disney Princess little people like castle type thing and these are just the flags So they got both of those for $18 and 60 cents plus shipping my cost of goods was around 75 cents for this and this These are skeleton bone string lights I got these at a garage sale for $1. They took way longer than I expected to sell I thought they were really cool But they were long tail. I ended up selling them for a best offer of $35 plus shipping So a dollar into 35. I will take that all day long definitely worth the weight in my opinion Ella fun. I've talked about this before a lot of times I sell the butterflies which are the little they're they don't really look like butterflies But they're the little pieces that go to the game that flutter up into the air I Sell those separately. So I sold those and then this sold a little bit later This did take longer to sell. This is the trunk and one net. So these are replacement parts I got this at the Goodwill bins and probably had about 50 cents in it sold it for $10 plus shipping This also came from the Goodwill bins. It was actually on the doll the doll I felt like maybe her hair had been cut or I Don't know. I just I decided to part her out the doll sold I sold her shoes very quickly and I just sold the outfit So some of you may remember seeing that in one of my Goodwill bins videos if you guys are not checking out My Goodwill bins videos. Oh my goodness. They are so fun. You actually get to see me digging through the bins I pop up screenshots of how I listed everything and it's just a lot of fun. So definitely check those out I have a whole playlist So my cost of goods was probably what 10 15 cents super lightweight and I sold this for a best offer of $10 plus shipping the next item This one I really I got at home and I'm like, why did you buy this? It's kind of gross It's just kind of yuck and it's kind of got a rubbery feeling to it And I got it at the bins and this one actually has pretty decent comps But due to the condition of mine, I went ahead and listed it lower And it sold pretty quick for a best offer of $10 plus shipping and it did work This is a Papa Smurf and you can see he is not perfect he is vintage from 1981 and He is shlake payo shlake and I got him at a garage sale for a dollar So somebody bought the Smurf ornament and this school bus ornament the set So they added it to their cart For I got them both at the bins for a total of 31 dollars. Is that right? Yeah, I've got 31 dollars. Yeah, so 31 dollars for the two ornaments and the buyer paid shipping The next item are these 1984 Playmates space station astronauts I got these out of a mystery box and I sold these for nine dollars and ninety two cents plus shipping This is a leap frog phonics magnet Are all the letters there Yeah, it looks like they're all there So I do test these actually when I test these I put them over on my reseller testing Bolo products And people actually like to go and watch these videos So I just put the letters in and test them and they actually get pretty good views Which is kind of weird But anyway, I got this for three bucks at a thrift store sold it for a best offer of 10 and the buyer paid shipping So not super great return on that one This I pulled out of the Goodwill bins. It's an Invicta limited model I don't know you can read the name but it had interchangeable bands Some of the bands were not in good condition. So I just tossed them But these two bands in the band that was on it were pretty decent So I ended up selling that very quickly for a best offer of 10 dollars plus shipping And there was a rhinestone missing. So that's why I sold it cheaper This is a disney store mickey mouse halloween scarecrow plush doll toy I got it out of garage sale for five dollars. I did pay up a little bit for it because it had the original tag And it was um disney store. Did I make a ton of money? Nope. I sold it for 14 dollars plus shipping But I did make a nice profit. So um five dollars Not bad And this last but not least the shoe the american girl doll shoe This is the second time I have sold a single american doll shoe If you find american girl shoes And you only find one if you're at the goodwill bins buy it they sell because people lose their shoes Um and they need replacements. So I figured out which outfit it went to and I put that in the title And this sold for seven dollars and 44 cents plus shipping for one doll shoe Okay, so tell me would you have bought the doll shoe? Would you have listed a single doll shoe? Do you think i'm crazy? A lot of you are not going to mess with items that are ten dollars or less. I like it. I like I like trying to sell things that Other people think will not sell does that make sense?  Um, I don't know. It's just it's just who I am I think it brings excitement to my videos and it may not be for everyone But I enjoy it. So thank you guys so much for being here. Thank you for watching There's going to be some videos popping up here and here a video down below and a subscribe button Um, let me know in the comments. What is your favorite type of video? Come visit me over on what not if you want to see me live I am selling live over there and there is a link down below Uh, you will get 15 dollars to shop if you use that link It's my referral link if you join with it and if you want to sell on whatnot There's a referral link for that as well And if you use that they say it helps you get accepted to sell quicker now What not? Oh my goodness. It's so fun. I love it. I absolutely love it I get to hang out with you guys So many of you have come over and just hung out a lot of you have bought things Some of you have bought things to resell some of you have bought things for personal purchases But either way, thank you so much for the support. I just want you all to know that I appreciate you. Um Um Do you guys have any questions for me about what not just drop them in the comments and I will be happy to try to answer those I'm not a expert by any means but just going on having fun Selling some of my inventory. I am still selling on ebay posh mark and mercari I start my items on ebay. I cross post with list perfectly to posh mark and mercari I use um, like I said list perfectly to do that that speed things speeds things up Definitely worth it. I do have a video down below that shows you how to use list perfectly if you guys want to learn how to cross post Definitely check that out. Um, if you use my referral code bolo buddies all one word when you um Join list perfectly you're going to get 30 off your first month. So that is awesome. All right, you guys Let me know if you have any questions. Let me know which bread and butter bolo was your favorite and thanks for watching


So this is a quick follow-up to my previous video on vimium, which is an extension for chrome chromium and firefox It allows you to use key bindings in your browser to navigate around web pages now this video This is going to be real quick Just wanted to point this out not going to even really edit it So forgive the camera movements and stuff, but this is on a chromebook Unfortunately this function this feature doesn't seem to be available in in chrome itself if you are in chrome I think if you hit Just go to settings and search keyboard and there's a list of keyboard shortcuts on a chromebook Most of your keyboard settings Keyboard shortcuts are going to be chrome keyboard shortcuts because you're using chrome chrome OS But I found this neat little thing Recently, and I thought I'd share it and I wish that the regular chrome browser had this functionality built-in But if you look here the camera in here and focus If on a chromebook you go in your browser to chrome colon forward slash forward slash Keyboard overlay it brings up this page in your settings. So let's Back up here zoom in a little bit and try to focus there we go And I just thought this was really neat because instead of having a list of keyboard shortcuts that you can search through If you don't know what you're looking for you just trying to learn new keyboard shortcuts. It has this overlay. So This is a keyboard here But on the physical keyboard if I was to press shift it now shows what keys go with shifter controls a better option Because it has more things here, but if I hit control it tells me if I hit the The one key it's going to go to the first tab if I hit the two key It's going to go to the second tab three four if I hit w now It's going to close the window a is select all s is save a lot of these are common control keys H is history g is find again f so this again These are all with control so control f is fine tech. So a lot of these are chrome, you know specific Keyboard shortcuts now if I now hold down keep holding down control hit alt now It's showing keys that open up that that function when you hit control alt So for example on a chromebook and again, this isn't going to happen in chromium if I hit control alt and t It's going to open up a new terminal because you can get a shell on on it on a chromebook Change touch HUD mode. I don't know what that is, but if I hit control alt I it will change that if I hit control Alt P it's going to show touch pointer now if I let go of control now I can see okay if I hit alt and F alt in 1 2 3 4 it's going to shelve an item Alt and our dash or minus key is going to minimize alt and plus it's going to maximize and so I can see what these are I can hit shift control and I can see if I hit shift control q It's going to sign me out shift control w is going to close a window shift control r is reload bypass cache If I hit shift and alt these are the keys so shift and alt and t is going to focus on a toolbar Shift and alt and I is going to report an issue if I hit shift control alt you're getting the idea Here's only two keys. I can hit my Button up here, which is a rotate screen, which is normally a refresh button. It looks like and then over here Control it says keyboard overlay. I wonder if that's what this is. Let's see No, that's that's weird because just I don't know why I'd say that because control and alt brings that up So normally if you control alt and the question marker forward slash It's going to bring up a list of your keyboard shortcuts Under different categories and you can search through them, which is normally how to do it But I really like this overlay because now again I can I can get alt and see all these different keys and what they do without knowing what I'm looking for I can learn something new so Very cool functionality again only seems to be it doesn't seem to be in your Chrome browser on your desktop or whatnot just on a Chrome OS Chromebook or a Chrome OS device. I guess it doesn't have to be a Chromebook are all Everything running Chrome OS considered a Chromebook. I don't know. I guess they have tablets. Maybe I don't know. Anyway, that's again Just a quick follow-up And I'm gonna really edit this besides throwing on the beginning and ending So I do thank you for checking out and again, let me zoom in here so you can see this and It's Keyboard so it's chrome colon forward slash forward slash keyboard overlay to bring up this little Searchable or interactive keyboard overlay and I tried that on my desktop in Chrome And it did not bring up anything Unfortunately, I just had to go into settings and go to the keyboard section to see a list of keyboard shortcuts Or you could just Google it But very very cool. I think this little overlay So check it out. I thanks for thank you for watching. Please visit my website films by Chris calm That's Chris the caters a link in the description. And as always, I hope that you have a great day


From Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering VMworld 2018. Brought to you by VMware and its ecosystem partners. Welcome back to theCUBE, I'm Lisa Martin. This is our second day of covering VMworld 2018. A huge event, lots of buzz. Very excited to be joined by my co-host, John Troyer, the one and only. And John and I are pleased to welcome to theCUBE for the first time, Devon Reed, Product Management at Dell EMC. Devon, it's great to have you join us. Thank you, it's a pleasure being here. So, lots of news in the last couple of days. Never a dull moment, right? Dell EMC Technologies World was just four months ago and it seems like it was yesterday. So let's talk about one of the announcements that came out today that Dell EMC just announced that's going to enable customers to successfully, not embrace multi-cloud, but deliver it and extract values from it. Yes, absolutely. So ever since the beginning of Unity, we had a virtual storage appliance essentially a software-defined version of Unity. And just recently, we just announced today that we extended that functionality. We qualified it on VSan and it now runs on VMware Cloud. It's called the Unity VSA Cloud Edition. So customers can get the same look and feel as their Unity that they have today and they can provide file services within the VMware Cloud, as well as disaster recovery and backup capabilities for their Unity environment with all of the same look and feel. They can also combine that technology with what we call our Cloud Dehearing Appliance so they can archive files off from either on-prem or from their VMware Cloud environments to another S3-enabled Cloud device. So we're very excited about this announcement, especially at VMworld here today. That's super nice, right? A lot of momentum for VMware Cloud, some really interesting announcements this week. And I think it's really interesting, maybe let's pull back a second and talk about the Unity systems in general. Mid-range storage, right? Mid-range is still pretty capable. Mid-range these days, you can do a lot of stuff on. And so the whole idea is I might have some mid-range storage either in-house or at a colo or at another partner site and then now I'm adding VMware Cloud to that. Can you talk a little, maybe a little bit about what some of the verticals are or what some of the use cases are for Unity and then maybe some of the other offerings in the EMC. Absolutely, so I get this question a lot and it's really difficult to answer because in the mid-range space, it's so diverse. The price points vary from, say, $10,000 up to multi-million dollar deals, very different verticals that we sell into, very different use cases. So the systems have to be very, very flexible. So it's very difficult to pin down exactly what a mid-range storage device really satisfies in the market. But at the end of the day, we sell into the majority of VMware environments. So 80% of our hosts are actually VMware-based hosts for transactional environments. Well, that's nice. And then of course, we're still at a point where lots of people are choosing All Flash or you might have needs that require All Flash but then also there's still hybrid arrays that are still have more capacity, super valuable. Anything in there about what Unity is bringing to the table and about the hybrid versus All Flash and kind of that capability? Yeah, so when we introduced Unity, we introduced a hybrid line as well as an All Flash line and there's four versions of each. And the adoption of Flash was more rapid than we ever expected. So the All Flash momentum took off extremely fast and it's on the order, it's a little over 50% of our system sales today in All Flash. And when we talk to customers, customers want to go to All Flash. They absolutely want to go to All Flash all the time. Only in the cases where they can't afford to go to All Flash was where they back off to any hybrid use cases. So your product management? Yes. A big part of your job is talking with customers. Customers want choice. We've had, this morning during the Sanjay's general session, I think there were five customers on stage with it. Do I always really gravitate towards, because that's the validation, right, that your, the vendors always bias. Talk to us about the opportunity for choice that you're giving customers who probably need guidance, or we've got what an average of eight clouds. We have data of varying degrees, applications of varying criticality. What is that conversation or those conversations that you have in product management with customers to get their feedback and help, for example, not just advice them on All Flash versus hybrid, in terms of their actual money-making strategy, talk to us about some of those conversations and help customers help influence what Dell EMC is doing. Yeah, absolutely. So when we're having those conversations clearly with a diverse portfolio that we have in the mid-range, we have the Unity product, both All Flash, as well as the hybrid, as well as SC, and we have SC versions of Flash as well. And then an entry line with the Power Vault, we clearly have a magnitude of different use cases that we can really serve for the customers. And those conversations are extremely important to us to get the feedback and really drive not only what our customers get, but our product development as well. Definitely. Well, and so in terms of the data services that you guys offer in the mid-range, now that you're also likely to be able to offer them up in the VMware Cloud, I mean, what are people, what are your customers looking for in terms of data storage, right? I mean, we can put the bits down, right? That's good. But what else do customers need now here in this wide range of use cases in terms of protection and compression and de-dupe and things like that? What should people expect to be looking for? Yeah, so it runs the gamut. So if you basically start at the underlying infrastructure with Flash, and then all of the data services with compression and de-duplication, those are becoming standard, and then all of the data protection scheme, local snapshots, disaster recovery, both synchronous and asynchronous capabilities, backup, not only backup locally, but now to the cloud. So a lot of customers are coming to us and telling us that they want a cloud, a multi-cloud strategy, as you were saying. So those are becoming very important data services for our customers. Where are customers in terms of embracing the superpowers, machine learning, AI, as an integral component of their business strategies? Yeah, I think it's becoming such, and we have a bunch of things in R&D right now where we're exploring different technologies with AI and machine learning to really place the customer's data at the right place at the right time to meet their performance goals, their targets, their SLAs, their business objectives. Nice. So Devin, we were talking before we turned the camera on and I know you're kind of new in the product management role here now, but Unity has a huge footprint, right? And all the mid-range systems, right? Mass market, huge footprint. You have the power now to impact a lot of IT, right? And as you and your engineering team. And I didn't ask this ahead of time, but I'm kind of curious, you personally, in this role, kind of what would you like to see happen now in the mid-range and with your product line out in the world in the next couple of years? Yeah, so what I'd like to say first is from a footprint perspective, when we launched Unity in May of 2016, we've reached over $2 billion within that first two years. We have over 30,000 active customers there. So a huge footprint. And then if you add that with the SC, we have a huge footprint. And one of our goals has really been to drive more and more commonality between the platforms. There are unique use cases between SC and Unity, but there is a lot of similarities in the use cases. So we're trying to drive a little bit more commonality, a lot more family, and that's some of the enhancements we made to SC over the past year. So in the SC Storage Center, formerly compelling product line, we did an all new HTML5 GUI. We rebranded it to Unisphere, same look and feel as the Unisphere from Unity. So we're trying to bring those products together. And that really helps with training and competencies, right? So your staff can have some of the same UIs, right? No matter what the systems you have. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. And we recently have support for SC on CloudIQ. CloudIQ, I'm not sure if you're familiar with it, but it's our SaaS-based analytics and monitoring platform. So not only is it supported on Unity, but it's supported on SC. Now where we're trying to take the product long term is definitely more solutions-based, more business-oriented, what are we trying to do for our customers? Multi-Cloud strategy, trying to be able to not only place the data at the right place at the right time within the storage systems, but within the data center and across the hybrid clouds. So making that seamless as possible for our customers. So last question, Devin, as we wrap up here. You mentioned a big percentage of your customers are VMware install based on, did you say about 60%? About 80 to 85% of our hosts are VMware attached to us. 80 to 85. So in terms of some of the announcements that have come out yesterday, today, what excites you at digging your feet deeper into this product management role with Dell EMC? What excites you about some of the things that you've heard from your partner VMware? Yeah, the things that really get me excited are the things that are close to the storage systems. So it's the things like with the VMware cloud on AWS, the investments that VMware is making along those lines, the investments they're making in virtual volumes and being able to manage VM level capabilities on the storage system. So, and all of the ecosystem that's close to the array is what gets me excited. And I have a lot of conversations this week with VMware product managers to really understand where should we be taking our product line in conjunction with VMware? Because when you look at 80, 85% of our hosts attached, VMware is an extremely important partner for us and hope to continue to build on that relationship and that development. Well, Devon, thanks so much for stopping by theCUBE and sharing your insights. Yeah, thank you so much. Thanks for talking to you. It was a pleasure, thank you. For Lisa Martin, that's me. For John Troyer, I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching theCUBE from VMworld in Las Vegas on day two. Stick around, John and I will be right back with our next guest.


Whether you're new to the meetings and events industry or you've been around for years, networking and meeting new people is key to our professional success. So in today's Two Minute Tip Tuesday, we're gonna talk about six ways that you can get more involved and meet new people in our vibrant industry. Hey, it's Leanne from leanncholderwood.com and getting visibility and meeting new people is so critical for meeting planners, hotel sales and DMO sales as well. So what are some ways that we can quickly engage with new people and increase visibility to our personal brand? Number one, join a professional association. So the ones that make the most sense for our industry are MPI, which is Meeting Professionals International, PCMA, the Professional Convention Management Association and ILEA, International Live Events Association. So look into membership into one of those three associations. Number two, attend industry events. Now, this is easier said than done in the larger centers and some of those larger centers have monthly events, but even in your smaller centers, you can even create an event. Now, an event that's coming up in a few short weeks that affects our community globally is GMID, Global Meetings Industry Day on April 4th. So make an effort to get out to a local GMID event in your neighborhood or join the conversation about GMID on social media, including Twitter and LinkedIn. Number three, volunteer for that association. So this is where you get to really connect with a small group of individuals, be it meeting planners or other partner hotel sales professionals. It's volunteering, it gives you give so much back to the community and it gives to you more than anything else, but you do meet a lot of people volunteering. So please look into that. Number four, contribute to conversations on social media. So LinkedIn, there are a number of event planner groups as well as Facebook. So seek these groups out, join the groups, listen to the conversations, add to the conversations and ask questions yourself to engage other members. You can also contribute and follow to conversations on Twitter following some of our more popular hashtags, which you can see here. Number five, contribute to industry publications. So a lot of our industry publications have polls, they have questions that they pose to readers and you can answer the questions or ask questions in return. So MPI has the meeting professional magazine that has these questions forums inside as well as online. Ignite, that's our Canadian events magazine. They've got polls as well. And then of course PCMA convene. Their first three pages are some of those questions that they've posed in the answers. So take a look at those, see what would be appropriate for you to contribute to, but that would get your visibility actually kind of in print and online as well as on social media. Those are my five tips for getting engaged in our industry and meeting more people as well as increasing your personal brand. Hope you can join me next week for another two minute tip Tuesday video. Bye for now.


Hi, welcome back to analyzing software using deep learning. This is the third part of this module on using hierarchical neural networks for analyzing software. What we want to do in this third part is to look at the second application of hierarchical neural models, which will reason about code changes and specifically try to find embeddings or vector representations of code changes so that then you can make predictions about these code changes. Again, this is based on a recent paper on this tool called CC2Vac, and if you're interested in more details, you should of course look them up in this paper. Let's start with a bit of motivation. Why do we actually want to reason about code changes and why do we want to represent code changes using a neural model? The reason why code changes are important is because source code of successful projects is evolving all the time. It's not that you write code and then it stays where it is, but things are changing all the time. You're adding more features, fixing bugs, supporting new environments, and so on. Now, if you can reason about these code changes and if you have a way to represent code changes using a neural model, we can use this to make a number of useful predictions. Some of these kinds of predictions are also what the approach that we are talking about here is actually useful and we will talk about those toward the end of this part of the course. Specifically, for example, you can try to predict what the commit message for code change should be so that edit developer doesn't really have to type the commit message each time, but it's predicted automatically by a model. Or you can predict whether a code change is actually fixing a bug, which may be interesting to identify specific code changes that you want to apply somewhere else. Or you may want to predict whether a code change is actually introducing a bug. Of course, no code change is introducing bugs on purpose, but of course, some developers may do this sometimes by accident and if you would have a way to predict whether a code change introduces a bug, then you can allocate more testing or more quality assurance resources to this specific code change. All of this relies on some way to reason about code changes and how to do this using a hierarchical neural network is what we want to do here in this part of the course. As a concrete example, let's have a look at a code change in the Linux kernel, which has been committed by someone a couple of days ago. So what you see here is basically a representation of this code change as you would see it on GitHub. And what you can see is that the code change essentially consists of two things. One is the commit message, which is a description of this code change given by the developer. And specifically in the approach that we are talking about here, what is really used is just this very first line of this commit message. What you also see is the actual code change. So the pieces of code that have changed in this commit. And as you see here, this may consist of multiple files. In this case, it's just one file. And then in each of these files, you have a couple of possibly a set of changes, which each consists of some lines that are removed and some lines that are added. Sometimes they're just lines removed, sometimes they're just lines added, but in general it's added and removed lines. One more piece of terminology. So these lines that are added and removed and that are consecutive like these here and then also down this here and this here are each called a hunk. So in this example, we have three hunks, one for this change, one for that change and one for this change down here. Let's now have a look at how a neural network can make sense of these code changes and basically reason about all these different pieces of information. So the approach that we are talking about here is called CC2Vec, which stands for code change to vector. And I'll start by giving an overview of how this approach looks like. So the input or the entity that we are reasoned about here is a commit and this commit, essentially as we've seen consists of two parts. One is what we'll use as the input to the model and that's the actual code change. And the other is what we'll use as the output of the model and this is the words in the commit message. Using parts of the data that we have, in this case the words in the commit message as the output of a model is kind of a trick that is played pretty often in these applications of neural networks to code, where we're basically using something that we have anyway, in this case the commit message associated to a code change as our training data which will help us to find the representation for what we use as the input which is in this case the code change. Now as we've seen a code change may affect multiple files. So actually there may be one file here and then another file here. And so on for some set of K files and for each of these files we will have a hierarchical attention network which is one kind of hierarchical neural network as we discuss in this module of the course. How exactly this hierarchical attention network works we'll see in a second. What it gives us is a vector representation of the specific file. So this is basically a vector representation for file one. And then we will do the same for the other files which gives a vector representation for each file and all of these vector representations are then concatenated into one big vector representation of the entire code change. So basically here we do the same for the other files which also gives us vector representations for these files and then we're just concatenating all of this into one big vector representation for the entire code change. Given this vector representation of the entire code change what the model does is to predict what words occur in the commit methods corresponding to this code change. And this is done using a feed forward fully connected neural network. So again we have some layers which at the end predict a vector. And what we have in this vector is basically all the words that may occur in a commit message. And what we'll get out of this feed forward neural network here. Let me just write this down. So this is just another feed forward network as we've already seen in a couple of times in this course. And then what we'll get here is this word vector. And this can be interpreted as a probability vector that tells us for every word that might occur in the commit message how likely is it that this word actually occurs in the specific commit message of the given code change. So essentially this is the probabilities of words occurring in the commit message. Before looking more into the details of this neural network let's have a look at the data that is actually extracted and how exactly this data is extracted. So as we've seen every code change consists of a set of files that is affected. It may just be a single file but in general there may be more files. Now for each of these files the approach extracts the different hunks that are affected by the code change where just as a reminder a hunk is a consecutive sequence of lines of modified code. So you may have multiple of these hunks in a file with basically different code locations in this file are changed. Now each of these hunks can be seen as a set of added and a set of removed lines. And this is also the way this CC2Vec approach looks at these hunks. And then finally for each of these lines we can see them as a sequence of code tokens by just taking all the tokens in this line that gets removed or that gets added. And using all this data and by breaking down the data in this way we have basically a hierarchy of different things that we want to reason about. So we want to reason about individual code token summarize them into a line then reason about the different hunks which consists of lines but then we want to summarize all information of a hunk into one vector do the same by looking at all the hunks that are in an affected file and finally summarize everything again into a single representation of a code change. And as you can see this is actually a hierarchy and that's why using a hierarchical neural network is a really good choice for this kind of problem. So now we know what data is extracted from these code changes. Let's now have a look at how we can make use of this data using a hierarchical model. So as we've seen a file that gets changed has multiple hunks. Each of these hunks has multiple lines that are changed and then each line consists of multiple tokens. So let's just look at this input by knowing this structure that I've just described. So we basically will see that there's one token here and then some more tokens, let's say up to TK and all of those is what is one line in our code change. Now if you have multiple of these lines then this set of lines is actually one hunk and then if you have multiple of these hunks then these hunks together correspond to all the changes for a file. And now this hierarchical structure of the input data is represented in the hierarchical model that reasons about these different parts of the input. So specifically what we'll have is different sub models that summarize different layers of this hierarchy. To summarize the tokens that occur in a line there's an RNN that basically takes the sequence of tokens and then summarizes the sequence into a vector which is called the line vector because this basically contains all the information or all the important information in this specific line of code. Now given multiple of these line vectors, so from this line here we will also get a line vector from the same RNN, the different lines that occur in a hunk are also given to another RNN. So this happens to be the same kind of network but this will be a different model that has different weights and is trained to do a different job basically. And this second RNN also produces a single vector again which then summarizes everything that happens in this hunk. So we call this vector the hunk vector. And now because there are multiple hunks or there may be multiple hunks in a given file we will have multiple of these hunk vectors. So there will be a different hunk vector for this hunk down here. And these different hunks are now again summarized by feeding all of this into yet another recurrent neural network which then outputs a single vector that summarizes all the changes in this file. So this is called the file vector. Now in the model all of this happens twice for every changed file namely once for all the lines that are added in this change and once for all the lines that are removed for the change. So basically all of this is done twice here so that at the end we get one for added code and also one file vector for removed code. One thing that is special about these RNNs and that is different from the basic RNN that we've seen in an earlier module of this course is that they also make use of a so-called attention layer. So they essentially learn to pay more attention to particular parts of the input. So for example this token level RNN that takes these different tokens here may have to pay more attention to say the first token than the second token because maybe that token is more relevant for understanding what this code change is about and what elements of the input sequence to pay attention to that is something that these attention based RNNs are also automatically learning. So there's basically another weight matrix that at the end compute some weights for every element of the input sequence and the vector in this case the line vector that is produced as a result of all of this is awaited some of the influence that these different tokens in the input actually have so that more attention is paid to more important tokens so that the line vector basically summarizes the relevant information and ignores some other information. So this is called an attention based model and how exactly this works is beyond the scope of this part of the course but if you're interested there's a detailed description in the paper we're talking about here. So what this hierarchical model now gives us is one vector representation for the code that is added in a file change and one vector representation for all the code that was removed in a file change. So here on this slide I call these two vectors EA for all the added code and ER for all the removed code. Now what we want to do next is to focus the attention of the model really on the changes in this file and the way this is done in C2Vec is by having a set of comparison functions that basically take these two vectors EA and ER and compare them in different ways. We won't go into all the details of these comparison functions. There are five in total that are described in the paper just to give you an intuition. One of them is for example to do an element-wise subtraction. So we take EA minus ER and then use whatever comes out of the subtraction as a representation of the change. And at the end we get one vector that summarizes all the changes in this file by basically summarizing what is added and what is removed and how these relate to each other. Now what remains to be done is to combine all this information and use it for the final prediction and this is what we look at now. So what we are given here is one vector for every file that is changed as part of this code change. So this will be the vector for all the changes in file one and then we will have more of those for other files that were also changed. And now what the model does is to simply concatenate these vectors. This is possible because usually there aren't so many files that get changed at once. If you would have hundreds of files here then of course you would need to think about something else but in practice most changes affect just a few files often very often just a single file. So this concatenation doesn't really do anything in that case. And then what gives, what we get out of there is one vector representation that summarizes everything we know about this specific code change which is then given to a feed forward network which may have a couple of layers. So this is very similar to what we've also seen in the typewriter model. And this feed forward network eventually predicts the output that we have already seen a little earlier which was this vector that contains one element for every word that we might possibly have in our commit message. So this is the word vector. And essentially what we have here is one element for every word that we have in our vocabulary. Of course, looking only at the top and most common words because otherwise we would have a very, very long vector here. So this is one element per possible word in a commit message. So essentially what this model then finally predicts is which words might be in a commit message. And by doing this it needs to summarize and learn how to summarize everything it sees in this code change so that it's able to make a good prediction. For example, if the commit message contains something like fix then the model needs to have some understanding of the fact that this is actually a bug fix because otherwise this word probably would not show up in the commit message. Okay, so you know how the architecture looks like. Let's now have a look at how this model gets actually trained. So as usual for training, we need some data and in this case the data is gathered from the version control system of some project or in reality from many version control systems of many projects where we basically get a history of all the commits that have happened in the history of this project. Each of these commits is represented as a pair and this is a pair of a code change. So basically the actual change of the tokens and the code and the commit message which is then used to generate the input and the expected output for this model. The paper describes a detailed evaluation which looks at tens of thousands of different such pairs and these pairs are used to train this entire model. The model is trained jointly so as I've explained in part one of this module, the entire module so all the sub models in it are trained jointly with these end to end input output pairs such that all of these weights and biases that we have in these individual neural networks are optimized for this ultimate task of predicting which words we have in a commit message. Now, the main purpose of this approach was not just to learn to predict the words in a commit message. Actually, this is not super useful because it only tells you which words exist in the commit message but not for example in what order they should occur. But the actual purpose of this model is to use the vector representation that is that the model is forced to pass all this information through as an embedding of code changes. So basically this one vector representation that we have at the very end just before the feed forward neural network this is the vector representation that all of this is about because this represents in just one relatively short vector the content of this code change and then this vector representation can be used for other downstream applications. So just to make this very clear let me go back to this previous slide one more time. So this is the vector that I'm talking about because this summarizes basically everything we know about this code change and this is the vector that is then used as the embedding of the entire code change. So now that we have these embeddings for these code changes so basically a vector representation of every code change question is what can we do with them? In this paper three applications are explored further and for each of them there's an evaluation that shows that this actually works. We won't go into the details of all these results so let me just summarize these applications quickly. One of them is to actually predict a commit message of a code change. Now this does not work by just using the model because as I said it does only predict whether a specific word does exist or not exist in the commit message but it doesn't really give you the words in the right order. So instead what is done here is to take the vector representation that you get for a code change and to then search in existing code changes and their commit messages for the nearest neighbor of the code change. So the underlying assumption is that in all these existing code changes there's some code change that has a very similar maybe even the same commit message as the one that we wanna have here. So let's try to find this code change and then use its commit message as the commit message for the new code change. The second code change is about predicting whether a code change is actually fixing a bug. Now why is this relevant? There are many reasons why this might be relevant. One, and that's the motivation discussed in this paper is that sometimes you want to backport bug fixes to other parts of your code base. So for example, in the Linux kernel there are always older versions of the Linux kernel that are not extended with new features anymore but for which you still want to apply bug fixes. For example, if some security vulnerability got fixed and in order to decide which of these code changes to backport to these branches of old kernel versions you first need to find out which code changes are actually bug fixes. Now in the Linux kernel there are thousands of code changes. So doing this manually is bound to lead to some mistakes and developers are likely to miss some of these bug fixes. And this is where this model comes into play because it can automatically predict which code changes are bug fix. The way this works is that you basically take this vector representation that you get from CSU to Mac and then train another model that tells you based on this vector representation whether this is a bug fix or not based on some already annotated code changes that you can use as a ground truth for learning this other model. And then finally, the third application is what is called a just-in-time defect prediction. So just-in-time means that this basically happens right after someone commits a code change to a repository. And defect prediction means that the model predicts whether this code change might introduce a bug. So knowing when a bug is introduced into the code is super useful of course because then you can allocate more quality assurance resources to this code change. For example, if you're in a larger organization where code reviews are done for every code change you may wanna add another code review or maybe even two or you may wanna run additional tests to make sure that any bug that is indeed in this code change is caught early on and does not end up in your code base. All right, and this is already it for this third and last part of this module on hierarchical neural networks. So we've now seen what hierarchical neural networks are. You know that they are used for inputs that you can decompose into different parts and where you may wanna use a different kind of neural network for these different parts of the input. And we've seen two applications, one on type prediction and now this one here on reasoning about code changes that use these hierarchical neural networks for analyzing software. That's all for today. Thank you very much for listening and see you next time.


Welcome traders to another Ticknail Intro day where we're going to have a session with me, Cup Trip Monday. I want to update Goldview here, so we've got our fifth wave low as anticipated testing the 127 extension of our fourth wave consolidation phase and buyers have stepped in. We've taken out the eternal sending trend line resistance now. So what I'm looking for is an A wave to complete ideally at or around current levels and then looking for a three wave corrected pullback and potentially retest this trend line resistance of support. 1770, we've got the weekly hit up here at 1777. So watching for bullish reversal patterns here to pay for a C wave extension to the upside ideally to test the 1813 level 38.2 percent retracement of the last lead to the downside. As always traders, plan the trade, trade the plan most importantly, manage your risk. Until next time, thanks very much.