Our next speaker will be Leonard Real and Leonard will be speaking on the subject of the Gods of Eternity. Leonard is a career diplomat with Canada's Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Raised in Canada, he received a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations from Brigham Young University and a Master of Arts in International Conflict Analysis from the University of Kent at Canterbury. He has lived on three continents and speaks English, French and Mandarin Chinese. He and his wife Jennifer have five children and currently reside in Ottawa, Canada. Please welcome Leonard Real. As you can see, my causing problem with technology, I'm somewhat of a Luddite myself. I do not even own a cell phone, so there's Luddites amongst us transhumanists. So I'm going to speak about the Gods of Eternity. My talk is on paper to fully ensconce my Luddite self. On June 7th, 1844, the first and only edition of the novel Expositor accused Joseph Smith of being a fallen prophet and having introduced false and damnable doctrines into the church, such as a plurality of Gods. Nine days later and two weeks before he was killed in Carthage jail, Joseph Smith preached the final sermon of his life. And in response to the accusation in the Expositor, Joseph chose to speak on the plurality of Gods, and he did not back down. Rather, he built on his final general conference address, the aforementioned King Fault Discourse, and began his sermon by highlighting Mormonism's interpretation of the Godhead, that the Father, Son and Holy Ghost are three separate persons and thus in Joseph's words, three Gods, even more bold was his claim that the term Elohim used thousands of times in the Bible and translated normally in the singular as God, should be read in the plural as the Gods, a usage that was already reflected in the book of Abraham, which he had had published in 1842, in which the creation is presented as being accomplished not by God, but by the Gods. His sermon touched on other aspects of the plight of the Gods and ended with this forceful statement that he did not believe in being scared of death, scared to death of this idea, for the Bible is full of it. Who then are the Gods? This is of course a complex question, and as with all complex questions, there are a variety of appropriate answers, but for the answer I will present today, I want, like Joseph, to start with the Godhead. These three beings, who, God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Ghost, represent God to us and are types or models of the types of beings that could or should be included under at least certain circumstances within this rubric of the Gods. So God the Holy Ghost, premortal mankind, premortal spirits. The Doctrine and Covenants teaches that the Holy Ghost is a personage of spirit, and Joseph taught that the Holy Ghost would experience a probationary state, a mortality, and eventually become an exalted person of flesh and bones. Thus one member of the Godhead is a personage of spirit. But are there other premortal spirits who would appropriately fall under this category of the Gods? Well of course we know that in commonly accepted Mormon belief is that the God of the Old Testament, Jehovah, was of course Jesus Christ, who as a premortal spirit was the God of Israel, as was previously quoted today. And of course the book of Ether contains the account of the brother of Jared, dramatic encounter with the premortal Jesus in which he sees first his finger and then his entire body, his spirit body. In addition to Christ there is Adam, the first man who in his premortal status, Michael, is portrayed in the temple ceremony as one of a trinity of Gods, along with Elohim and Jehovah, who created the earth, a trinity which Brigham Young said is represented in the deity of Father, Son and Holy Ghost. Many church leaders such as Joseph Fielding Smith have also thought that other dispensation heads, other prophets such as Joseph Smith, he says, were likely involved in the creation as well. Perhaps all of us as premortal spirits within this Mormon mythology of the creation were involved in the creation as well and thus were also the Gods. At least in so far as we were involved in the work of God. God the Son, mortal mankind. Jesus Christ is typical of mortal mankind, the Son of God is typical of mortal mankind. Jesus Christ the Son of God was a mortal man, but the Book of Mormon portrays him as of course the Lord God Almighty, who condescended to become flesh to manifest the love of God to us. At his baptism the Holy Ghost descended upon him and the voice of the Father declared him to be the Son of God. Further the Book of Mormon teaches that the Son is called the Son of God because of the flesh, because of mortality. So are there other mortals who are also among the Gods? The scriptures proclaim that we all are to take upon ourselves the name of Christ, the anointed, and to become the sons and daughters of God. We are called to speak in God's name, to bear the authority of God, and to do the works of God here upon the earth. The scriptures teach that whether God speaks by his own voice or by the voice of his servants, it is the same. We know that we are called to be saviors upon Mount Zion. While Jesus is described as God's only begotten Son, he is not the only person described as the Son of God, nor even as God. In Joseph's final sermon he cites the Biblical passages that describe other of God's prophets as God's. For example Moses and Aaron, who are called to be God to Pharaoh. So far as we are engaged in the work of God, we mortals may be included among the Gods. As our exemplar, Jesus Christ was. Recall Jesus's quoting of Psalms 82 to his countrymen. Is it not written in your law? I said, ye are Gods. God the Father, post-mortal exalted mankind. So God the Father is typical of post-mortal exalted mankind. The Doctrine and Covenants teaches, of course, that the Father has a body of flesh and bones. Joseph taught further that God is an exalted man, that he was once a mortal in another world and is now a glorified being. Other other post-mortal beings among the Gods? Of course the scriptures teach that Jesus, following his death and resurrection, is also obviously a post-mortal exalted man. They further teach that all who enter into a covenant relationship with God and are faithful to that covenant can be redeemed through the power of Christ and become Gods as well. Signing specific examples such as Abraham, who it says is already entered into his exaltation as a God. Brigham Young in talking about the resurrection said, they, us, will become personages of tabernacle, like the Father. Ye Gods in eternity. Spencer W. Kimball put it a hundred years later, exaltation means Godhood, Creatorship, as man now is, God once was, as God now is, man may be. This is in the future. Now regarding the future of exalted beings, of us, the scriptures teach that this earth will become our heaven, that we will enjoy the same sociality that we now enjoy only coupled with eternal glory. I believe this is a key, that as I read the scriptures, I do not see a future in which each of us, as is sometimes said by critics, will become a God of our own world in our own heavens as single Gods or perhaps a God coupled with, of course, my wife beside me, because this is not the sociality that we now enjoy. Our sociality is our family, our friends, the community that we live in in our daily lives here. So if this earth is our future heaven and if our future is to be together in an exalted society, does not stand to reason that our Father's heaven is the same way, could it be that it is not simply our Father's heaven, but the heaven of our Fathers and of our Mothers, the heaven of all those exalted beings who on a previous mortal world obtain their Godhood and together organize our spirits and this world for us to inhabit. I can't get this to work. Does this vision not make sense of Joseph Smith's final sermon where he states that the God of the Bible, our God, the God whose relationship with mankind, the scriptures recount, is not a single deity, but is in fact a plurality of Gods and should be, as Joseph said, read the whole way through as the Gods. I do not believe that Joseph was talking about the Gods of other worlds, but rather as the Book of Abraham recounts the Gods of this world are a plurality of exalted God beings. And speaking of our future, Brigham Young again said, then will they become Gods, then will they become eternal Fathers, eternal Mothers, eternal Sons, and eternal Daughters. Being eternal in the organization, they go from glory to glory, from power to power. They will never cease to increase and to multiply worlds without end. If that is our future, is it not reasonable to believe that that is God's present? That is the question, what are we doing here on Earth? Rather we are trying to become like the Gods and as our prophets have said, to live with the Gods of eternity and eternal worlds. So, our Mormons polytheists, as critics sometimes maintain, if by polytheists one means believers in more than one divine being, yeah, of course we are. We should own it, as someone said earlier. But of course, polytheists one means a believer in more than one variety of Gods, in Gods of different values and different attributes and different goals. But of course we are not, because we believe that the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost possess a single set of values and attributes and goals or as the Book of Mormon plainly puts it, they are one God. Indeed, you will notice that there is one person that I referenced under each member of the Godhead. One of them declares, Jesus is the Christ, the eternal God, manifesting himself under all nations. He was God before he was born, here on earth and now resurrected in heaven. He is our prototype. Joseph further taught that Jesus did what he saw his Father do and by walking the path he learned from his Father he showed us the path we too could follow from pre-mortality, mortality and then on to post-mortality as Gods. It is not, this idea of a plurality of Gods between peace of trivia that Joseph revealed one day, nor is it just a deep doctrine that we shouldn't discuss, because of course a doctrine that's not discussed is not much of a belief. Who are the Gods? We are. And through the grace of Christ we should become soar more fully. I will end with a quote from John Taylor who said, it is for the exaltation of man to the state of superior intelligence and Godhead that the Mediation Son of God redeemed capable to become rendered capable to coming to God, possessing the position, power, majesty, exaltation of a God. I'm grateful for the Mormon Transhumanist Association and the work of its members in promoting a vision of how we can take this spiritual idea and actively and with faith try to bring it about that we might become Gods the same way that other Gods have done before us. Any other questions? Let's make it a good one. Unless there's none. Oh, Chris. Chris gets it, I guess. Okay. Yeah, I just wondered how much hostility do you get from traditional Mormons against this kind of polytheistic God idea? I sometimes get a quizzical look as in the what on earth are you talking about. And certainly some have expressed and much as I believe Chris put it more so on the internet than elsewhere in which there are those I've interacted with who essentially believe that Joseph was out to lunch and that this is silly and that we need to simply stick with really that only the father is really God and some seem uncomfortable with even the idea that Jesus is God. Again, despite what the scriptures say. Thank you.


Myself Pradheesha, working as an assistant professor in Vyachan Institute of Technology welcome you to this particular video. Learning outcome, at the end of this video lectures student will be able to analyze two port network parameters. Also they will be able to obtain Y parameters for the given two port network. So in the previous video lecture we had discussed that what is actually a port. A port is basically defined as that pair of terminals where you actually supply the energy or actually you withdraw the energy. So over here you can see that a standard configuration of two port network has been shown where this is input port and this indicates an output port. So V1 and I1 and V2 and I2 represent the network variables. So taking two of these network variables at a time and considering rest of the two as independent variables, six different types of network equations can be formed. So all of these network equations have been represented over here, which can be calculated to find out impedance, admittance, hybrid parameters as well as inverse hybrid parameters, transmission parameters and inverse transmission parameters. So in today's lecture we are going to discuss about the short circuit admittance or Y parameters. Again observe the given linear two port network which does not have any independent sources. So the current I1 present at port 1 it can be called as superposition of responses caused by the two voltage sources V1 and V2. So similarly current I2 it can be considered as the superposition of the components caused by the voltage sources V1 and V2. So the equations for both of them you can see over here. The same equations can be again represented in the form of matrices where the centre matrix represents the Y parameters. So the individual Y parameters can be also obtained by setting any of the port voltages equal to 0. Let us look into detail what actually these all four Y parameters are. So observe this particular figure 3A. So in this particular figure we have seen that the port voltage V2 is made equal to 0 which indicates that port 2 has been short circuited. So by making the second port short circuit we can calculate Y11 and Y21 parameter. So Y11 is called as the admittance looking into the port 1 when port 2 is short circuited. Y21 is called as transfer admittance. Now look into the corresponding second figure 3B where the port 1 voltage V1 has been short circuited and then we can calculate V1, Y12 and Y22 values. So similarly Y12 will be called as in transfer admittance while as Y22 is the admittance looking into the port 2 while port 1 has been short circuited. So a tube is said to be symmetrical if the input and output ports can be interchanged without altering the port voltages and currents. What will be the short circuit admittance parameters if the given circuit is symmetrical? Pause the video for a while and think about it. So for a given symmetrical network the condition for Y parameters is Y11 should be equal to Y22. Also if Y12 and Y21 that is nothing but transfer admittances are equal then the corresponding two port network is said to be reciprocal or bilateral. Now let us actually solve one particular problem based on this. So this particular is a two port network and we need to find out the Y parameters for this given network. So the Y parameters can be calculated by using the equations as it has been displayed over here. For calculating Y parameters for the given two port network we need to make the second port as short circuit which indicates that P2 should be made equal to 0. So this is the first condition. Let us redraw the given circuit. Now when the corresponding port voltage V2 has been made equal to 0 which indicates that the second port is short circuited. In that case this resistance A to H resistance it can be neglected as we have a branch in parallel with A to H resistance which indicates that it is a short circuit. That is nothing but it has resistance equal to 0. So the corresponding value of Y11 it can be calculated as ratio of I1 upon V1 when corresponding voltage V2 is made equal to 0. Let us calculate the two currents flowing through the two resistances. Let us name them as this is IB, this is IA, current flowing through 4 ohm is IA, current flowing through 2 ohm is IB. So using current division rule IA can be calculated as I1 multiplied by 2 ohm resistance divided by 6 while as IB is nothing but I1 multiplied by 4 and divided by 6. Now if you see carefully current IB is nothing but negative current minus I2. Let us substitute these two values in our equation Y11. So we have Y11 as ratio of I1 upon V1.  So we have I1 is equal to 4 into 2 divided by 6 I1 which gives us value as 6 divided by 8 and hence we have value of Y11 as 0.75 or ohm inverse. Now let us calculate the second parameter when we have shorted the port 2. The second parameter that we can calculate when the port 2 has been short circuited is I2 upon V1. So we had discussed that I2 is nothing but current IB flowing through 2 ohm resistances which we have already calculated over here. Let us substitute these values into the equations. We have I2 is nothing but minus 4 I1 upon 6 divided by V1 value we have 4 into 2 divided by 6 into I1. Let us simplify this where I1 gets cancelled the 6 value gets cancelled and we have minus 4 divided by 8 which gives us value as Y21 is minus 0.5 mu or ohm inverse. In this way we have calculated two parameters Y11 is 0.75 mu and Y21 is minus 0.5 mu. Now let us calculate the rest of the two parameters. So we have to calculate Y12 and Y22 values now. So Y12 can be calculated as ratio of current I1 upon V2 and then again let us read out the given circuit by putting short V1 is shorted. This is current I2 and this is current I1. This is 2 ohm resistance and A2 ohm resistance. As in previous case we had calculated two currents IE and IB using current division rule. Let us again recalculate these two values. So this is current flowing through A2 ohms is IA and current flowing through 2 ohms is IB which is nothing but IA we have using current division rule I2 multiplied by 2 ohm divided by 10 which is nothing but 1 upon 5 I2 and IB we have 8 divided by 10 which is nothing but 4 by 5 I2. But since the currents I2 and IB are in exactly opposite directions it has to be taken as negative. So we have now Y12 as I1 which is nothing but current I1 or IB. So let us replace it value by 4 upon 5 I2 and then we have voltage V2. Voltage V2 is nothing but voltage across 8 ohms. So that can be calculated as resistance 8 ohm multiplied by current flowing through it IA which is nothing but 1 upon 5. So it is 1 upon 5 I2. So after simplifying we get the value as minus 0.5 mu or ohm inverse. Now let us calculate the second value Y22 which is ratio of current I2 divided by voltage V2. So we have current I2 divided by voltage V2 is nothing but 8 divided by current flowing through it is 1 upon 5 I2. So this I2 gets cancelled then we have Y22 value adds 5 upon 8 ohm inverse. I have calculated the Y parameters for the given network. Now observe this Y matrix carefully and comment about the given network. Pause the video for a while and think about it. So since the values of Y12 and Y22 are equal we can say that the given network is reciprocal. The video are created by using these two references. Thank you.


When we don't give our power away, we don't make the other person responsible for the relationship trajectory. When two emotionally healthy people come together, when two, we'll call them quality people come together and we said quality is retaining one's power and having mutual respect for one another. These couples co-create a relationship. Yet sadly, I've witnessed so many women who give their power to a man. In other words, it's all predicated on whether or not he loves her and he's directing the relationship.


held that for years but things change. Anyway, with the idea of risk and with that being what we get paid for to a point, the more risk we take, the more the reward can be.  And that can be true but things don't always work exactly in your direction. And when they don't, it's a double-edged sword. And that has to be, you know, considered. I went through the 1987 stock market crash pretty much fully on margin. And boy, that can wake you up in a hurry when your position goes against you and your margins. The really important question, I think for all of us when it comes to risk is how much can you stomach when a trade doesn't go your way? Melissa is probably the hardest working person I know at this. I mean, if necessary, I have seen her completely determined to make days where as other people would say, you know, the day's over. Tomorrow's another day.  And it's just a different mindset, different type of personality.  But if your personality is more, I'd like to just find, you know, one good trade and be really careful with it, then that might be a better way to go. Because trading itself is, it's very, very simple. I mean, it's really just a process of trying to sell something for more than what we pay for. It doesn't matter if you're shorting or we're going long. I mean, shorting is just selling at first. And the techniques to do that are, I mean, really, they're pretty simple.  Yet what gets in the way of doing this very simple task is our human emotions. They add an awful lot of complexity to it. One reason I think that that happens is a bad trade is over pretty quickly. I mean, you get in it and you think it's great.  Whereas a good trade often, not always, but often can take, you know, hours or the whole day to develop. Now, I think that's why, and I don't mind the whole day part. In fact, if I have faith in the trade, I'll hold it overnight. In fact, a great example of this is I think most of us played this Campbell suit at CPV yesterday. This has been falling all morning, having it up there on a screen. I didn't play it, but I did the staples with you guys. But this Campbell suit that this should have fallen yesterday. And it did. And it is following through today. It had a really very negative report. And institutions often will continue to sell these for days. Oh, Gene, 87. Well, first, I was on margin. And I knew I would have to get out of some of my positions. And that's a really interesting question, because I thought a lot of the stuff I had was good. And I thought it was very cheap at that point. So I had to sell some of it. Another funny thing back then is people, I mean, if anyone has ever seen a market like this, people were so terrified that the market makers left their desk.  And I would call up and I would say, all right, sell this, this, and this at the market. And sell this at the market. And no one was there to take the order. It would never get filled. So anyway, to answer your question, I sold enough to, you know, to meet the margin call that would have inevitably happened. And I just kept, I kept the rest. I mean, in fact, one of my great regrets from back then, I had a company that you guys may know, MDT, that still trades today. I kept it. And I kept it for a year after that.  But I sold it for about break even a year later. And but I like the concept because they made heart valves. And I thought heart valves would just become increasingly more in use as a population that all of the things up like 20,000 percent since then. So I kept what I could. I mean, I thought there were a lot of bargains that, you know, at the time stocks were very, very cheap. It seemed it was a terribly frightening time. Because the funny thing is, it seemed like we were going into a depression from the way the market was reacting. But if you looked at the data, there was nothing wrong with the economy. What had simply happened for sake of a better word was a market event that computer trading had just come into being. And these cell programs just fed on each other and people got scared and just cost the market to crash. And all that happened is there were a lot of great companies really on sale at that time that went considerably higher over the next 10 years. But anyway, back to where was a human emotions. So the stops come quickly and the better trades they take some time to develop. And one of the golden rules to trading, and I'm sure you guys have all heard this, is to let your winners run and cut your losses short. And for a lot of people, this is hard to do. I mean, there's a tendency for some people to, you know, because you do experience losses, is to take small profits at any sign of a profit. And then even worse, to take larger losses. And this is a formula for just losing money. It is absolutely critical that your winners be more than your losers, unless you have the type of trading system where your trades are right 80, 85% of the time. And, you know, you can make quick one or profits that that is a way that would work. There is another notion in most of our heads. I know it's in line and I wish I could get rid of it. It's not that I think I don't mind taking losses. I mean, taking losses is it's really important because taking a small loss is what protects your account from a bigger loss and from even eventually wiping out the account. But what's in most of our heads is that feeling that you're wrong. You took a trade and it, you know, it just didn't work out. And it affects with us our psychology. And I don't know why I think it shouldn't, but I know that it what it does. So the question I think we all need to answer is, what kind of personality do each of us have to blend in with our trade? And let's see if Melissa still has this chart of how she's got the next chronic curve. Yeah, Melissa on the CPV. The interesting thing about CPV is say you took this trade yesterday and I think most of us had it with a stop over 50 cents over 3950. But if we did this over the high of the day, it never took out the high of the day. And you could still be in it. You would have had to have had a wider stop loss. And again, it just depends. It really depends on your personality. I mean, if you use a wider stop loss and you find that that's worse for you, the way to make more profits, if that's what you want to do is to just increase your your R amount.  And you can do that and just decrease the frequency of your trading. I know that that if you use smaller stops, you will make more money, but you will take more stops. And you have to have that type of personality where if you lose three or four times in a row, it doesn't bother you because you know, you're going to find, you know, three or four that you know, that are going to work out for you. It just really all depends on your personality. Myself, I would just, I mean, from time to time, I do it. I do take a bunch of trades during the day. I'd rather not. I'd rather just, and I'd actually, again, Melissa had mentioned that we're opposite. She loves trading the opening minutes. And honestly, I'd rather not. My favorite time to find a trade is at lunch. Because I know on good gas, there's certain things that happen at lunch, which are pretty reliable. What happens at lunch is the good down gaps tend to rally at lunch and the good up gaps tend to pull back. And it makes a lot of times a great, a great play, a great chance to get into a good play. Again, yesterday I missed BRCD, the gap up, because it had cleared the pivot the night of the gap. But the next morning, it didn't. And that's always troubling to me. But as soon as it opened, it cleared it instantly. And I just, I missed it because that doesn't happen that often. But it set up again at 2.30 yesterday. And I took it with the five cents stop. And it went a quick 15 cents, which is three yards. And those are kind of my my favorite type of play. There's something here that people often talk about called the Holy Grail. And I'm not sure if there's there's such a thing. What really, what the Holy Grail is for each one of us is that part of our trading plan, which tells us how many shares to short or buy on anyone trade, because that is what, that is what often makes us the money. Because if we take too much, too many shares, some of us, it can make a service. The trade ends up working out. Only we're not in it when it does. In fact, some of my best trades I've ever had were positions that I didn't have that many shares. I remember in 1994, I had this company called Microtouch, which eventually got bought out. And I just really wished I'd had more shares. And I was just never able to, but I was able to stay in it long enough where the darn thing tripled. And then another, and I don't know what this is, but human nature. I mean, I see this can't miss. This is going to be the greatest thing ever. I'm going to load up on this.  And it doesn't work out. And that has happened more times than I care to remember.  Yeah, this was yesterday. Yeah, yeah, this right here. I don't know if you guys can see my pointer. It's on her charts. Right there. This was a really nice 15 minute buy with the five cent stop. And then I got out right, right here after the 15 cent gain. A couple of ones from today that have already worked pretty nicely. Melissa, do you want to pull up JC Penney on the five minute? You know, I did, I did just get a, this is Staples. Yeah, I got a little buy. I have a little, I have a bunch of different platforms. One of them is Trace Station because I can use it to give me alerts. Oh, I can't see your chart. Let me tell, no, Melissa, I don't have a chart. I haven't put any charts up. I don't have any charts on this. I'm on a laptop actually, and I don't have any charts available on it. All right. Yeah, JC Penney. Okay. I mean, the interesting thing about JC Penney, I mean, you could have taken it here out of the gates, but this was a 20 cent stop. And you'd kind of need to have a pretty big move to say your risk was $100 with the 20 cent stop. That's only 500 shares. And really, you've got to get it to move 60 cents to move anywhere. But this little bar right here is a really nice five minute. It makes a double bottom. And you get a really nice five minute bicep here. It's above the rising 20. You get a five cent stop. And I do all mine at three hours. So my target's 15 cents. And it hit it 20 minutes later. In fact, it might be doing it again. I'm not sure I haven't had a chance to look. And the one we all did today just gave me a five minute cell on staples. Let me stay with JC Penney's again. So depending on your personality, I mean, with the JC Penney, if you do the five cent stop, you get to a nice quick three hour target. If the five cent stop makes you nervous. And to be honest with you, it probably would have made me a little uncomfortable unless I was really confident in the play. I mean, JC Penney I just would have had a hard time taking that play just because the sock being what it is. But nonetheless, the play worked. But if you just give it a 10 cent stop, which doesn't sound that much more, you're only making half the amount of money. You're giving it a wider room. So the odds are you're going to be in the play longer. And the only way to go around that if you're taking fewer plays, and you can prove to yourself that by taking fewer plays with later stops, you stay in more play, you have to increase your art. I mean, make it three, four, five hundred dollars, whatever it is. Knowing that what you're trying to do is fewer well thought out plays with wider stops. And there's no right or wrong answer to this. It all depends on each of our personalities and how we deal with risk, how we deal with you know, when something doesn't work out. I think you guys have heard this before too, because a lot of us, including myself, focus very hard on being right. And really, that's not really the objective when we're doing this. The objective isn't to try to be wrong, of course. But the objective is that when we are right, it's to make a lot of profits. And how you do that, or how that's done, is I think it's entirely dependent on your personality, how you feel about risk, how you're going to manage risk. I mean, because they're, just today, I mean, I'm looking at looking at gaps here today, price line could have been done if you don't mind a $5 stop. I mean, it ran $15, but it could have been done. J.C. Kennedy could have been done.  That could have been done for very nice profit stable, for again, and this HGM worked pretty well after the 10 o'clock high. So each and every day, the market brings plenty of opportunity for us to do. It's just a matter of do we want to be in pride place, or do we just want to be in one play. But I think the opportunities are endless in the market each and every day. It comes down to each one of us and how we manage ourselves, which is often reflected in in how we manage the trades. But I think this, the price line up. Yeah, price line had a really nice, well, first, it was a really nice gap. And it ran 15 bucks right out of the gate. And if you had a nice five minutes buy setup, but I mean, you're not going to be buying a thousand shares of this one unless you've got a million dollar account. So anyway, yeah, yeah, she's got it up. So that's kind of my little talk on on risk, just, you know, that risk is, I mean, the kind of summarize risk is what we get paid for. The more risk you can stomach without being reckless, the more you will make. And it depends on, you know, on your personality. I mean, probably if you're younger and you're 20s and aggressive and know what you're doing, you could probably, you know, really get a lot of the market out of the market each day.  I just want to, you know, find a few good plays. And actually, there's two things I'm looking for. The day trading income is one, but I also was each day for stuff that I'd like to, you know, have core. So, you know, I do that as well. So that's kind of all I have to say. If anyone has any questions at all for me today, be happy to answer it. Thanks to, and what's the story, and inviting me to cross to you guys. And thanks for listening. I hope to do it again sometime soon. Melissa, I, with the high-end jobs, what I was, I was trying to do a comparison that really the only way to make, to make money and anything is to do something. The way to make money is to do something that people either can't or won't do. I mean, if something is unpleasant, you're going to have to pay somebody a lot of money to do it. And trading can pay high because it really falls into the category of something people can't do, at least not most people. They find it very hard to fight the human tendency. It's very, very difficult. I mean, I've read once that the people or the one profession that is the worst trader in the world is a doctor. I hope there's no doctors in the room, but what I've found is that doctors, this is how they're trained, absolutely cannot admit that they've made a mistake. So they get in a trade and there's just no way this trade is not going to work. I mean, they're in it. And what ends up happening is they end up taking huge losses when they are wrong. And the profession that does the best are airline pilots. And that's, if you think about how a pilot works, he's got a checklist of a flight plan before he takes off and check and he won't fly until everything's met on the flight plan. And trading should be the same way not to get into a trade, unless it means everything on your pre flight checklist. So now I've done a lot of work on that and I find that 3R is about as far as they got. Every once in a while, one goes for 10, 20 hours. And I don't know how to find out which one that is. Now, sometimes I will get many more Rs out of it if I keep it, but I really don't count that as part of the day trade because I'm willing to give it a little bit more room to pull back. So I find that if you can get, in a way, I've mentioned the word holy grail on this. If you think about it, this is another beautiful thing about trading. The math is on your side. I mean, if you can get 3Rs on a couple trades I mean, that's 6Rs and you're wrong on trade. You're only at 40% success rate, yet you had a huge day because you've lost 2, made 6, you've made 4Rs. And it's an extraordinarily profitable trade. And that's kind of the wonderful thing to it, is that you can make so much more than you can lose. But what a lot of newer traders tend to do is they tend to lose more than they make, and that's what makes it so hard. Oh, I see what you're saying, David. Yeah, the margin. That's sort of a different question. The risk on any one trade should be predetermined on what part of the account that is. It's relevant, but it's not relevant. And yeah, yeah, yeah, return and risk. You know, one thing that's really changed my way of thinking is the word R. And I didn't learn, the first time I ever heard of the word R was in 2001 when I went to a Van Thaub seminar. And I actually wish I would have learned it earlier because what really changed my trading around where it went from just being mediocre to being really, really good was when I learned the chance limb from the IBD. And when you think about it, they advocate using a seven or eight percent stop on any one trade that you take and to maybe take some off at 30 percent. Well, that's only three hours in a swing trade. Oh, okay, okay. Yeah, I mean, when you say, wait a minute, so you're saying, David, you're saying you're $5,000 is the cost of the tuition and $2,000 stop. You kind of, I think I see what you're saying. I mean, it does have me a little, I mean, the one thing that I know is that any one trade should have a fixed, either a fixed dollar or a fixed percent, probably a fixed dollar amount. I mean, if, yeah, yeah, that's what I think you're looking at the cost. Yeah, you know, actually, David, I sort of had issues with that in the beginning, too, that, you know, that I'm putting 50 grand into something to try to think 100 bucks. Yeah. Yeah, I sort of gotten over that because I now somehow I've trained myself to look at the whole process rather than, you know, that I'm investing $50,000. You know how I look at it now? I actually kind of think I'm like a, you know, like a marketplace owner back, let's say in the Middle East in the year zero, and we're just selling goods and services to the people. And like I said, we're trying to get things cheaper and selling more. But I mean, the cost of that stand is going to be, you know, a lot compared to what we make each day. And that's the same thing with trading. It's just the cost of, you know, of setting up our stand and getting the inventory and paying the bills and what have you. You can't think of this as investing because it's not that it's trading. And it's a completely, a completely different mindset that, you know, we're taking these huge positions to try to get a little bit out of it. I mean, like the JCPenney that I went over earlier, and say you had $100 risk with the Nickel stock, that's 2,000 shares. So you're buying $18,000 worth of stock, which I mean, the $18,000 is a large figure, but we're only trying to get a 15 cent move and you're making 300 bucks and you and you get out. And yeah, I know what you're saying that, you know, you put an awful lot into this, but it's, all I can say is it's not investing, it's trading, it's going to be something that you're out of later in the day. David, I, you know, what I think, if you're newer or things haven't been, in fact, anybody, anybody that's been struggling, I think the risk for trades should only be like $10 or $20, because that way you're never going to get hurt. And that is, that is, I can't emphasize how important that is to anyone newer or struggling, do not allow yourself to get hurt. And most of us that have been doing this have been hurt. I mean, I sure was in the beginning. And it is, you have to do all steps possible to protect your capital, because once your capital is gone, then that's it, the game over. And I mean, if you're only using 10 or $20 risks, once you start to begin a track record, then you can begin to increase it to jump into the thinking that on how much I can make and then just start using the money over and over again, that's the down a road to disaster. And if you use the small risk, you're never going to reach a disaster. And then once you start, once you start showing that you can be profitable, you can increase it. But this is, there's a lot of things to overcome. I mean, knowing what to do and managing yourself can be very difficult. The $500 risk is a lot. This is another thing that took me a while to get used to with day trading, is that these small consistent gains they add up. And back in the day, I used to get monthly statements. And that's what you're based everything on and not the day-to-day generations. I mean, if anyone can just make $200 a day consistently, that's as much or more than most people in the United States are making at a job they likely don't like. And there's a lot about this that can be pretty enjoyable. $200 a day would be, say you're trying to get $2 a day. And that's really very good trading. That would be risking $100 for trade. And you don't have to risk it all initially on the trade as it's set up. I mean, I don't know if Melissa ever got full on the staples, but you heard her say it was half size at first. And so that way, if it doesn't work out, the loss is even smaller. But that is very key to doing all this is to the management. The management is which is part of the share sizing. That's what makes you the money. And if I risk $20 on a trade, David, you're never really risking the 40%. I mean, I'm not sure the exact numbers on staples today, but it had like a 15-cent stop. So if you're risking $20, if you're risking $20, it would be about 150 shares.  And that's the end of the trade, but it did work out. That's why I take them off at 3R. That is so common. I don't know why, but they move 3Rs in your favor and stop. And then you make $60 and you're on to the next one. So when you're saying 40%, I'm picturing like a $50 stop move $20. Maybe what can happen is it can go through, but instead of say you're risking $100, and instead of 100, you lose 140. Now, that can happen. I mean, but it's still only 1.4R of the overall risk. It's very, very difficult to really have more than a 2R loss.  I mean, the spread's $2. So I mean, it could happen, something like that, or one of the wilder, wittier stocks. And that's something that I think, I mean, I did a personal example today. I'm in this and have been since 10 o'clock in this SJM short, but I had to give it a dollar stop because of things that I think are just here and there. Yeah, with the lower risk and share size, yeah, it's your expenses are going to be higher because of commissions. I'm not sure what the commissions are. I mean, they can be competitive if you look around, which I'm sure you guys have done. Melissa knows some people that are pretty good in regards to the best commission rates. But even with, let me just put it this way. Actually, I have not known. I have heard of people that have blown up not one, but several accounts because the only reason I can think of is unwarranted confidence. I mean, I'm not sure what it exactly it takes to continue to go in and do something over and over and over again and keep blowing up accounts and expecting different results. If you're blowing up accounts, you're doing something that's not right. And even with the higher commissions and the smaller risk, I mean, I can't emphasize it enough that job one is to protect your account. And once you can show to yourself that you can do this consistently and profitably, then you can increase the risk. I mean, I was once part of a program that I thought was a really interesting idea. And this might be useful for some of you guys is that show that you can be profitable for two consecutive weeks. And it doesn't matter how much. It doesn't matter if it's five bucks. You can show you've made money over two weeks. Then raise your risk amount by a little bit. And if you do it for another two weeks, raise it again. And keep going down that path. That keeps, it's a guideline to keep people from doing anything that would be detrimental to the account. Because that is, unfortunately, just an all too common occurrence where people just are too confident in in their trading and in the play. Because it is a simple business, but it's a hard business. And the reason it's a hard business is I once had it written this way. And I thought it was pretty good. You're trying to take money from people who at the same time are trying to take it from you. And in a lot of ways, it's like a street fight. So you have to have every as much as possible on on your side. And again, the nice thing about it is if you're only 50%, half your trades work, you can be very, very profitable. But it comes down to trade management, knowing yourself and how these things tend to work. And that's why I do the you know, the three are all or none. It's, it's, it's very rare that it's always amazing.  And the thing doesn't go to zero. I mean, and the next day it sort of, you know, goes up a little because of, you know, short covering the American Airlines, which went bankrupt earlier this year, was still trading on the pink sheets after they declared bankruptcy.  And hang on a second, roads just getting really dry. And stocks will wiggle up and down.  There's, there's, there are more management styles than I think any one person could talk about in even a day or two. Some people manage on, on five minute visits. Some people use two are all. I knew one guy that would take, take half his trade off at just a one hour profit, and then raise a stop to break even. It was an extremely nervous individual. And I mean, his style was more, which I mentioned earlier, he was right about 80% of the time, but he had very small gain. And it, it depends. It really depends on your personality and what, what you're most comfortable doing. What I mentioned earlier, the two extremes are, you know, with very small stops and very large gains, but like you're going to be wrong a lot or much wider stops, where you're going to be right more often in the trade longer. It's a much slower pace, easier way to go. And it depends entirely on your personality. And there's no, like I said earlier, right or wrong answer. That's just something everyone has to figure out, you know, on, on their own. What style of trading will I most be comfortable where I can sit and do this and not mean, not be nervous and still make money, or, you know, I also don't want to be bored.  So it's, you know, kind of a balance between not being nervous, but not being bored and figuring that out for yourself. Yeah, yeah, I mean, there's so many, there's so many. One that I used to do, I used to take a third off at 2R. And actually, this is pretty good. I just got tired of doing it. I used to take a third off at 2R, a third off at 4R, and then I would trail the rest on 15 minutes to this and every once in a while you go a really, a really big play. So it all depends on your objective. And that's actually a good place to start. I mean, I think it's important for everyone at some point to sit down and ask themselves, why am I doing this? And what is my objective? Is it to get rich? I mean, you certainly could. Is it just to provide an extra income? Is it, you know, just to have some fun, you know, with a few plays and stick to that objective and then write down a plan around that objective, how that can be meet, how that can be met. Because sometimes I have found that people, they just want to have fun and they're trying to make a lot of money and then those two things collide and end up being a disaster. It's important to know your objective, why you're doing this. And a lot of people have never considered it, you know, that what it is, but you're trying to accomplish here. And trading, it can accomplish almost anything if you allow it. I mean, it's, I think Jimmy Rogers once said that when he was younger and starting out, you guys know Jimmy Rogers still on TV every now and then, he said, I wanted to make a lot of money and Wall Street seemed to have plenty of it. And that's, that's just true now today as it ever was. But, you know, but there's other people trading too and they also want to make money. And every time, you know, this is pretty much a shorting only trading room. Every time you're shorting something convinced it's going to go down, somebody's buying it from you convinced that it's not.  Yeah, yeah, Diane, I, I don't know. I mean, I think I have pretty decent commission rates. I mean, really better than it better than ever. So, and I tend not to trade a lot. So, that's, that's never really been, you know, too much of a concern. Okay, it's now 1205. Getting ready to, to end for the day. I'm going to turn it back over to Melissa. Yeah, thanks. Thanks everyone for the participation and questions and you know, and, you know, I enjoyed being here and I hope Melissa asked me back again. Hey, Tom, that was great. Thank you so much. I have a couple little questions here. I think you missed Jerry's question. Maybe you can just write it in the room, Tom. He's saying, did you say that the R concept or the can slim concept took you from being an average trader to being a superior trader? Maybe you could just type in the room there and answer Jerry's question here. Let me flop it so you can see it here. Copy and paste it there. And, you know, I think it's really great. Hard to go ahead. Yeah. Yeah, I'll answer Jerry's question. No, by the time I learned can slim, I hadn't yet heard of the R method. I mean, my first stock I ever bought was in 1981, which was Delta Airlines. And I remember the next day after I bought it, I couldn't believe I bought $50 on a position because I'd never actually owned anything that lost value. And, and then like I said, I went through a long, you know, we had just a huge full market in 1982. That is not even as I was, I felt like caught it. I just didn't play it right. And that was, I just noticed the market tend to the bottom every four years. And so I spent much of the 80s just, you know, making money, losing money, making money, losing money, and just never really seemed to get anywhere. And the IBD was started in 1984. And I always thought they had a rather unique approach. And I finally took a trial subscription in 1988, and they sent me their free book. And when I read what he was suggesting, I I actually put the book down. I thought it was impossible to do because what he was, what Bill O'Neill was advocating was to sell anything once it goes 8% below your entry price. And the reason I felt I couldn't do it was virtually every stock I'd ever owned fell 8% as I bought it. I thought I would just, you know, do nothing but losers. But what ended up happening, I didn't understand the concept. And in 1991, we had the great biotech healthcare stock boom.  I mean, anything with biotech soared back in those days, they were going to save us all. And I began to realize because I began to see what O'Neill was was talking about, because one of the ones that met the can swim criteria back then, and he would talk about it, he said about TV program. And they talk about it every time. And it was not broadcast that much. And it wouldn't affect the stock was Amgen. Amgen had just come out with their first two new drugs. And really it was the first commercially available biotech drugs. And the stock went up like 3-400%. And US Surgical was another huge winner that eventually got bought out. And I began to see that his concept of buying a stock just as it was about to begin its exponential move made a whole lot of sense. Because what had happened in the past is I was taught just to buy things when they're down. And I had found over and over again, I'm buying these things when they're down. I just kept going lower. And you can do that, but you just, you know, you just can't jump in and buy something because it's down. And you need to have some sort of knowledge or education. And like there were no charts, although in the late 80s, we started getting them. And by 1992, I was a, I had become a full-fledged believer in the canceling method. Because I mean, there were a lot of huge, and I, you know, like the gap stores had just an enormous move in the 80s and a lot of retail stocks. And I missed them all. And the reason you missed, most people will miss the, you know, the big moving stocks because they're always thinking it's too high. And the thing is, though, they keep, they often keep going higher. Even Amgen, after its 400% move in the early 90s, it went sideways for five, six years and then took off again. And some of these companies can really be quite amazing. So that's what, to answer Jerry's question, what changed things for me is to understand what it meant to be part of a company that has new products that just everybody wants and or needs. And these things can really, you know, keep going for a long, long ways. And that changed everything. So hope that answers it. Okay, back to Melissa. Great, Tom. Thanks. So that was very interesting. I thought it was really important when Tom talked at the beginning about careers that people make a lot of money in when he was giving an example, why do people make a lot of money in these things? In reference to doctors and lawyers, it's because people don't want to go to school for that length of time. It takes to get to the point to get the job to make the money in the career or in reference to trading. People don't want to do the work to learn the necessary information or be disciplined enough to do the right things to get to the point to make the money. They're just not committed. And we've talked about that before. That was a great, great example to talk about, Tom. Really, really good. Same thing with the crab fisherman or whatever people don't want to do. But you know, Travis is saying he thinks one of the obstacles can be for people that they have to discover themselves in the trading. And yeah, I guess you do. If you don't know yourself really well, trading will certainly bring to light things that you're good at and things that you're not. And this is another reason why people struggle with trading as well. And some people end up excelling and becoming not only good traders, but more amazing people because they are willing to discover themselves. They are willing to make the necessary changes to improve their trading and then their own life or their personality or their habits or whatever it may be and grow through the process. It's just like anything else.  They're married for 10, 15 years. Then they start to grow apart. Can the marriage come back together and be healed? Yeah, maybe. If the people are willing to make the commitment to do the work and work through it and grow through the process of change. But as individuals, when you're married, for example, there's a commitment there, people grow. They grow in different directions. Sometimes people are not willing to continue growing with the person, make the commitment to evolve into something bigger and better and stronger and then people get divorced. So, you know, this is how it is.  And if you don't understand yourself well, it certainly will bring to light a lot of the things about your personality or positive things about you or things about you that need improvement. And we talked about this before. We've talked about this in the wealth class. We've talked about this in other classes. Most people don't want to examine themselves. They don't want to look in the mirror and examine themselves. It's a lot easier to say, oh, that market, I hate that market. Oh, that stock didn't work. Oh, I knew that thing wasn't going to go down. Oh, that person over there, this, that, the other thing. It's much easier to point the finger, you know, at something else outside of ourselves rather than look within and say, wait a minute, maybe I need to make some changes here. Maybe I need to figure something out. Maybe it's something that I'm doing and that if I change and make improvements, then I will get better. I think it's hard for people to do self-examination. I do it all the time. I do it all the time. Tom knows this. So, you know, it's one of these things that you do have to do as a trader. A lot of people aren't willing to do that. So then they never make it over the next step to the next level, to the next hump. You're welcome, Jerry. So thank you for having Tom as the guest speaker. Tom likes to talk on a lot of different topics and always has very interesting opinions. And so it's great to have someone talk about things and Tom's so experienced about things in reference to trading and investing. And to talk about what David's point is making, and I think, you know, Tom was trying to answer some of David's questions. David is trying to look at trading, day trading in investment purposes as far as percentage, percentage of cost of the stock versus the stop loss amount, and then actually the profit. The unfortunate thing is, I think this is something for David to think about, day trading cannot be thought of at all like that, because if you do, it doesn't make sense. Fact. Day trading makes sense for taking the trade and making the money per ours and getting out based on the stop loss. If you were looking at the cost, for example, of staples, the cost of staples if you would have taken 15,000 shares would have been $15,340. Here, I don't know why this keeps putting this up here. And if you would have taken a thousand shares, here, let's look at this. You would have made, depending on where your exit is, approximately $440. So if you look at percentages and say, I made $440, but if you're thinking, David, percentages that you risked for 15,340, then you're never going to feel that it's worth it, because it never will be worth it in regards to that. Instead, the stop on staples, where the stop was supposed to be, meant your risk was 150. So cash per cash per hour, it makes sense. It's a good solid trade, like Tom was saying, it's 3 hours plus. But if you look at, and you say, I just risked $15,340 and made $440, you're never going to think that that's actually a good profit. There's no trade that you would ever, unless you get something that falls out of the sky and costs only five bucks. So I know you're trying to look at both those things, David, but the numbers are never going to add up for you for day trading. The only thing that it's a concerning for the position, sizing for the cost of the stock is when you have to hold it overnight. I don't do overnight. If you do, and actually Tom does. But the funny thing is, I don't think Tom ever thinks exactly about this with percentages, because Tom is still thinking about ours and about where he got it in the target. But in reference to overnight, you must be conscious of what David is saying, because you really are becoming an investor when you take an overnight position, because you're on margin. You're on margin. It's 2 to 1 margin overnight, but anything can happen. What can happen? A stocking gap against you. And then everything David's talking about, about the cost comes up. And now, like that, it could have even worse if you're in something and it gaps against you if you're not in the correct trend or the wrong direction. So it could be multiplied to the opposite effect even more. So I don't do overnight, but day trading is not investing. You can't look at it as a cost of the stock, because you will never have to actually come up with that full amount of the money if you are flat by the end of the day. Regardless of whatever margin you're on, whether you're on a 4 to 1 margin for retail account, or a prop margin when you're on a margin of 10 to 1 or more, which some people are, if your stop is in, it should take you out. And if your stop doesn't take you out, you can press the button to take yourself out. So you're not risking $15,340 when you take the stock. And if you look at the amount of money you're making to divide it by the cost of the stock, it's never going to add up to, it's never going to add up. It doesn't add up. That's not what day trading is. You can look at that for you if you want for overnights. But the thing with overnights is that not only do you have to have the cash value of the actual cost, you have to have more. You have to have more, because stocks can gap against you. That's what Tom was talking about. That's what Tom was talking about when he was talking about what happened to him back 20 years ago or whatever. He woke up one morning and these things were against him. He had to put money up into the broker account. He had a margin call. He had to deposit funds. So now only do you need the cost of it. You need more than that if you want to take overnights. So it's a whole different ballgame. But the percentage thing comes into play when you're looking at overnight. It's not with day trading. You can't look at the amount of money you make and the amount of money at the cost of the stock to pre-borrow to short or buy it. It will never fit your requirements because it doesn't. That's not the very essence of day trading. It's an income-generating thing just like Tom was talking about about a move. Whether you want to make a small move or a big move is up to you. And if it makes you feel comfortable taking a move and trailing the stock and lowering the stock and trailing it bar by bar or taking it out after you are up at least one hour or a half an hour or putting the stop at break even like Diane was saying so that you can't lose, then that should be in your trading plan and you can do it. You can do that. But the numbers won't add up for percentages with day trading in reference to the cash cost value of the stock and it doesn't matter what kind of margin you're on. And that's just the way that day trading works. Yeah, that is insane. Does that make sense? What was the common denominator in all those situations or should one ask? Are you talking about a question from Tom here, Jane? I'm talking about a question from Tom. And let me know if that answers all your questions, David, because I know you had a lot of questions there for Tom and I'm not sure if you got to all your questions either. But I wanted to address your question because it's never going to make sense for percentages with day trading. It's just never going to unless the stock falls off a cliff or has a Gymungus red bar or big green bar and then the price of the stock still has to be peanuts or it doesn't make sense. Say again, Jane, you were just saying something about what was the common denominator in all those situations. I didn't know if you were talking to me or Tom. I didn't know what you meant there. Does anyone else have any other questions for Tom? David, did Tom answer all your questions? And I hope that answered your question when I was trying to say in reference to the margin. Yes, and I talked about that, David, with this CPB trade. The exit was a double bottom. So it was there. You can protect profits by trailing bar by bar if you want or if you feel better about it, put the stop at break even and let the trade ride on down so that you don't lose in it after you're up in it, but you give it a chance to work. I mean, Tom doesn't change his stops, though. Tom really keeps his stop at the place just like I do. Tom knows that the stop has to be where it has to be if you want to give it a chance to work. So know that if you lower the stop, you may get taken out of the trade and may go on to work because if it retests the area, it may go on to work. As long as you're consistent, as long as you do something and you're consistent and it fits your personality and you go with it. See, this is why I brought Tom on to talk about these things. Because personality has a lot to do with how you money manage things. I'm lots of times looking for the big play. I was looking for the big play in CPB. I didn't get it yesterday. I didn't get it. I didn't get out on a double bottom and lo and behold, it booped against me fast. Staples today, I was looking for the big play in Staples because I saw the target in hand. I got it. I got the move and stayed in it. I stayed in it all the way down. I got it. So you have to ask yourself with your own personality, what do you want to do? You can chunk it out like Tom was saying, $200 a day, $200 a day, $100 a day, $200 a day, $200 a day is $1,000 a week. $1,000 a week is $4,000 a month. That's 50 grand a year basically.  You can make 50 grand a year and work an hour a day from home. So it's a nice start to a living because if you're making 50 grand one year, you should be making 100 in the next year and so on and so forth. About people growing. What's the common denominator in all the situations of people growing? What makes people grow? Why do they grow? They're forced into situations or the create situations for themselves where they actually put themselves in a situation for growth.  It's giving you a chance to look at your own life and examine yourself. Tom knows. Tom was my friend when I was in this process of learning and I remember Tom telling me that he said he doesn't think people can change. He didn't think that people could change and that I wouldn't get out of the bad habits that I had with my trading. At the beginning, once I started doing it, I was giving money back because I was chasing the losses. I would make money and then keep going and trade all day and I would trade every day to four o'clock constantly, constantly, constantly and Tom said, I don't think people can change and I said, really? I think people can change and lo and behold, I have changed. I don't do that anymore. I don't trade to four o'clock and so on and so forth. So you have to believe that you can change number one and you have to want to do it. Tom and I have had this discussion and he's since changed his mind and said, yeah, you're right. If people want to change, they can, but the problem is a lot of people don't. Well, he's right about that. A lot of people don't. If you want to change, you can. If you don't want to change, you won't. If you see that you need to and want to, it's amazing what can happen to you, what growth can come, better and bigger things can happen all the time. Remember the butterfly. Remember the caterpillar and the butterfly from the class. So in all honesty, you can change. Do you want to? You might not want to. If you don't want to, you won't. Do most people want to change? No. Instead, like I said, they want to blame other things, other people, the market, the gaps. And you know, this is what most people do and I'll say this and I do have to get everybody going, that the thing is people, it's easier to just do something else. So let's just say people, they have conviction in the market. They have conviction in the market. They know the market's a source of wealth. They get up in the morning, they decide they're going to learn forex. They do forex for six months. They don't even do it for six months. They do forex for three months, two months, four. They're not doing it. They're not making it successfully. It might have nothing to do with forex or the strategy they learned or anything at all. It might have to do with them, but they blame forex. They blame whatever. Then they say, forget it. I'm going to go do something else. I'm going to take another class. I'm going to learn how to trade. I'm going to learn how to do something else. I'm going to do options and then they do options. They do options for a year, a whole year they do options and they're not making money. They say, you know what? This isn't working.  I knew it wasn't going to work. Then they go and then they take my class and learn how to trade gaps. Do you see how it cycles around? People all have conviction in the market. They keep trying to learn different things. If they just stuck to one thing and were committed, now the thing has to work. The information has to be good. The strategy has to be solid. I have that. I've taught it to you, but you have to have a good foundation. Do you see if you go through the process how people go and they end up finding thing after thing after thing, they never get there. They never make it. They never make any money then from any market because they are unwilling to examine themselves in the situations that they're in or whatever comes up when they're doing this. Trailing stop, you can do, David. Some platforms actually have a trailing stop. You should look into that for your platform because that sounds like a good thing for you. Some have the trailing stop. I think you said you had trade station. Check. They probably have a trailing stop. This lesson has given you a better perspective. Thank you. Thank Tom. Thank you so much, Tom, for talking. It's helped brawl you a lot. He's going to defeat the fear. Fear has been a problem too and his motion is getting in the way. Gene is asking Tom about the $10 to $20 risk. Could you put it in terms of capital? How much money would Gene have to put up to risk $10 to $20? That's what Gene means. Well, the common denominator in the situations are, the common denominator is always that people are asked to change or make self-improvement and people generally don't want to do it. The change goes on you, you yourself, when you have to change and people don't want to do it. And I'm not going to sit here and lie to you and tell you in changing habits that we have or things that we need to change about ourselves is easy. It's no one says it is ever easy. But the harder you make it, the harder it'll be. The longer it takes to change, the longer you're going to stay stuck in the situation, the problem. And that's what I was saying.  When anything, when the shit really hits the fan is when life is asking you to ante up, step up to the plate, climb to the top of the mountain and make it, do it, do what you need to do. You have two choices, succeed or fail. It's either one of those. We all have those choices. I could have quit. I could have quit. I don't know how many times I talked to the phone to Tom. I call and cry. Should I quit? Should I quit? Should I quit? Should I quit? I don't know how Tom kept talking to me. He almost would want to hung up the phone because he knew I wasn't going to quit. He knew that many times is every time I whined I wasn't going to quit. But you have to have it in you to want to do it. And if you don't want it bad enough, you will quit. If you want it bad enough, you'll do it. Just like if you want to lose weight, if you want to do anything, anything that takes work that you have to do, you have to put effort in, you have to do it. You have to do whatever it takes to get there. And this might mean you have to make some changes within yourself, within your, not your personality. You're not changing your personality. This isn't about changing the essence of who you are. This is about changing something that you're doing that isn't fitting with what you're doing with the market so that you meet the required goals. And it's about blending your personality right with a strategy that makes sense, that works in the market that has a basis of foundation that is something that's there that can pay you, which gaps are because they set up in the market on a regular basis. They have volatility in them with small stops. And whether they take small stops or big stops in the end, it doesn't matter. They can pay you if you know how to take the entry right. Where you get out is up to you. How you protect the profits is up to you. If you're, if you're chinsing and protecting profits, you're never going to get the big moose. If you want to be tight with them, you're probably going to make money more days than you lose.  So this is where your personality comes up. Can you stand like Tom was saying, taking three losses and having one big winner? If you can't stand it, then make money three, three trades and take one small loss. But in the end, if you add it up, the person that, that, that trades correctly and gets the big move will probably end up the winner. And Tom's looked at that. He's looked at my records. He figured that out like a year ago. That, that really getting these bigger moves and things is, is the ticket. You know, but if your personality can't stand it, if he just can't stand it, then you, then you just chunk it out, chunk it out, chunk it out, chunk it out, keep the losses small, chunk it out, make money as many days as you can. And for me, it's just the conviction, the conviction of the gap. If I feel like holding something because I have so much conviction, I will. If I feel like, I feel like if the market's too bullish or it's not going to go or the target isn't that far away or something to that effect or don't have the full on conviction, then I will get that early. So for me, because at this level in that maturity, it's more about the conviction for me. But I do look at the gap rating. The gap, one gap rates 21 gaps, rates 23. Well, obviously I had more conviction. The gap there rates 23. I use my system like the checklist, like Tom was talking about with the pilot to help gauge me. Why didn't I do low today? It rated 17. Could low work? Sure. Did low work for move? Yes. Did I want to do it? No, I just didn't have the conviction. I could have made 50 cents in it with a 25, 30 cents stop. Instead I had staples. It was a better trade to set up at the same time. I wouldn't have gotten staples if I had done lows. As it turns out, I had a more profitable day in staples than I would have been low. So I let the rating tell me what to do. Yeah. I mean, I'm not saying pursue big moves all the time Diane. Yeah. I'm just saying if you really see the gap and it's setting up good and you want to do it, you know, this is where it comes to be where you have to have some level of experience with looking at gaps and rating gaps. Like I would have never had conviction to hold lows to any target at all, you know, today. Staples, I thought was going to the target, but it really was a reasonable target. Staples target there was a not a dream target by any means, but I saw it in sight and I thought that that was a reasonable thing to do. So Tom is answering Jean's question here. I think Jean wants to know how much money does he have to put up in a in a prop account in a retail account to be able to have that type of risk. I think that's maybe what Jean's asking Tom. I don't know if you can answer that forum for the amount of money as to put up an amount of risks. But you know, David brings up a good point. If you're looking at this as percentage of actual buying power when you take the trade, it sucks up your buying power. It's taking the money from your buying power of the cash you have on margin. It's taking that money. It's grabbing it so that it's using it. And if you're looking at how much you're making per the risk of the actual money it's grabbing, the percentages don't make sense for day trading. Day trading is about income generation, which is why it's about the amount of risk of the cash amount that you're taking and placing the trade, which is I'm using as an R unit and the amount of Rs I'm trying to make to make that a profitable trade. I want to make at least three on the lower end. So I'm thinking if I'm risking this much, I want to make three times that much, dollar for dollar look, but that's not the cost of the stock. You know what I'm saying? So I think that using Rs is a way to day train investing. You can look at the total cost cash of it. Yeah, let's look at, let's look at, well, well, you see it, the 34 to 90, you can figure it out is 44 cents. 44 cents. If you took 1000 shares of staples today, you risked 150. 150 times three is $450. Does that make sense, Diane? So staples is a three-hour trade. And if you did the ad, it actually would have been more. Why? Just like we're talking about with the BBRY, your cost average price would have been above it. Your cost average price would have been the 40. So it would have been a more than a three-hour trade with an ad, which I don't want to get off on a tangent here now, but that's basically the gist of it. Great, great talk today, Tom. I'm so happy you said this thing about people that do jobs that people don't want to do. Sometimes it's about education. People don't want to spend the money for education to do high-end careers or they don't want to put in the time to go to school. Trading is no different. That was a great, great example, Tom, because it is so, so true. That's why a small percentage of people that are very good traders make all the money and the rest lose. And it's always going to be that way from the end of time from now until the end of time. That's the only way that will be. So is it available for you to do successfully? Yes. Are you going to be one of the ones that makes it? I guess you have to decide. You have to decide where you fit into the bunch and what you're happy with. If you're happy chunking it out for income, for extra income every month, for a part-time job, if you're happy doing it for a career and how much money you need for that for a career, or if like Tom said, you really want to be wealthy, is it possible? Yes. Are you going to be able to do the things you need to do personally to get to that next level? I don't know. But you got to ask yourself that because you will need to do it. The one thing that I can say is when we ask more of ourselves, and this is the last thing I want to say, and then I'll let everyone go to it because we're way over time here, when you are willing to ask more of yourself, it's amazing how much better your life gets. You know, it's the same way when you fall in love with people. Sometimes you could be in a relationship, you're in love with someone or your family. They are asking so much of you. They need you. They're at a tough time in their life. They're leaning on you. They're leaning on you. They need you. They need you for emotional support. They need you for financial support. You have this person that's leaning on you. They're asking so much from you.  You love them so much. You feel like your heart is going to burst.  And yet you expand. Your heart expands and it grows three times the size. Your relationship with a person is better than ever. They lift themselves up through that period of the life. Sometimes this happens when people have disease. Sometimes this happens. You have a loved one. They have a disease. They need you. They need you to take care of them. They need you to pay for stuff for them. They're asking everything of you and more. They're all you got. You give it. You realize that you have more love than you ever thought you had. It's the same way with yourself. You're asking yourself to love yourself when you want and that's what it's about. You're asking yourself how much do I love myself? Do I love myself enough to give it all I got to be all I can be and more? How much do I love myself? Do I love myself enough that I will actually allow myself to be successful and do the work I need to do to get there? Do I love myself enough to attract new people into my life that are going to help me get there? Do I love myself enough to allow people to help me? Do I love myself enough to get over the self-criticism, the criticism of other people, the total, the judgment, the constant judgment that goes on that we do to ourselves and others do to us? It's about loving yourself. You're asking yourself how much do you love yourself and are you really going to love yourself enough to allow yourself to be the best person you could be, the most successful person you could be in this lifetime and as happy as you possibly can be because there's a reason you're in the situation you're in right now. If you're in one, you're not happy. So let yourself keep being unhappy or ask more of yourself and see what happens. You know? Jean says bravo. But that's my lecture for today. Great lecture though, Tom. Thank you so much. Thank you, Tom. You will definitely have Tom back. Tom can think of any topic he wants and come back and talk about it. I loved you, Tom.  Maybe Tom will be on YouTube tonight. All right, great. If anybody has any questions, email me. Otherwise, I will see everybody back in the room tomorrow morning, bright and early at 8 a.m. Okay? Have a good night, everybody. Have a good one.


An overview of the many teaching skills in the classroom. Teaching skills can be summarized in four key concepts, communication, critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. Of course, when describing these skills we are just talking about teaching English but these skills can be used to prepare students in order to be able to express and communicate themselves independently and with groups in a globalized world as well as being capable to be adaptive, flexible and think creatively. What do English teachers teach? This might go beyond the basics of the English language classroom but teachers are not just teaching a language or a subject but the base to the students future. Practically no matter the industry students will work on in future they will need and use English to learn, to communicate, to sell, to buy, to train, to present, etc. At the beginning of the course we have touched the motivation of students, for instance, future career prospects. From observation and experience over 20 years in five different countries, I believe it is not just future career prospects but the base to communicate in a global world. In order words, without proper skills, the chances are that your career prospects will be much narrower or much more difficult to do so. Role of the teacher Therefore as we also visited during the course the role of the teacher is very important with special attention to being an organizer and model. Students, as well as employees in a company, need the presence of a leader. Someone that knows the skills, is self-organized and be able to well organize to pass on those skills on to his, her students. A strong teacher becomes that leader and will be seen by students as a model to follow that combined with the right motivation classes may be very productive and fulfilling. Teaching Methods The first question that arises is how to deliver good class. Jeremy Harmer's ESA method provides the most effective and most logical methodology for new teachers to learn and apply in the classroom. Engage Study Activate, ESA. With this method the teacher will first engage the students' interests with games, music, stories, etc., basically to warm up the class by speaking English as much as possible. Teachers and students do not pay too much attention to mistakes, just to get themselves engaged in the class. It will be followed by a study activity where students will focus on the language and how it is constructed. In here the teacher takes control of the class and students will learn a topic followed by some exercises to check their understanding and reinforce the material. The main purpose is the accuracy of the language and grammar. The last stage of the class will be to activate what has been learned by using language learning as much as possible. Here we will focus on fluency and whatever activity used students need to communicate with no restrictions on language usage. There are of course variations to this method for instance boomerang or patchwork ESA lessons. Accuracy and Fluency This brings up an interesting topic, the difference between accuracy and fluency. During a class we use different activities, some are concentrated on producing correct language and others are concentrated on allowing students to experiment and be creative with the language. Both are equally important and both will come in the lesson in different stages. We will find both also when teaching receptive skills, reading and listening, and productive skills, speaking and writing. Following ESA methodology we will find more fluency activities in the engagement and activation parts whereas study part will be more focused on accuracy. Students abilities Every student will have natural abilities, some have amazing speaking abilities and listening skills and some are excellent at reading and writing. We will always find both types of students in the class so it is important to recover all skills equally. It is true that majority of classes are focused on speaking and listening whereas writing might be the most neglected skill and we see that in the professional world regardless the industry many people are not able to write proper emails or notes causing confusions and misunderstandings. The new generations are moving to a message based communication, emails, text, short message etc so writing skills must be covered during the course, inside or outside the class as well as all the other productive or receptive skills. The four basic concepts of teaching skills Coming back to the four concepts of teaching skills, communication, critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration, here are some additional notes that I believe may be helpful for teachers as well as students during a class. Teachers with good communication skills help students feel at ease in their environment. Teachers who are able to use both verbal and nonverbal communication help students understand what is expected of them and help build their confidence in learning. Well rounded assessments involve providing different types of projects and tests so that each student is able to apply critical thinking and evaluate their progression. Classroom management helps create a place where students collaborate and learn. It involves knowing the students well and placing them into appropriate learning groups. It also involves having an efficient discipline plan in place that student understand. This gives a clear picture of the teacher's expectations. Professional Development Last but not least professional development challenges teachers to be creative and think outside the box when it comes to instruction and classroom management. Are you ready to implement your teaching skills in an ESL classroom? Education is constantly evolving. Teachers who commit to the art of teaching find a more rewarding teaching experience and develop new teaching skills in the classroom. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad and exclamation mark send us an email or call us toll free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.


Did you know that food that is obtained from animals can now be made from cell cultures? Cell-based food production is one of the innovations that can help us feed a growing population. Cell culturing entails taking cells from an animal and growing them. But how does this work? A small sample of cells from a healthy animal like a cow or a fish can yield hundreds of kilograms of food product. Egg and dairy products can also be produced from cells. The cells are grown under controlled, hygienic conditions in a device called a bioreactor, which mimics the body of the animal. Depending on the product, this can happen within a matter of days.  When the cells are ready, they are taken out of the bioreactor. Some products are grown in the form of slices of fish or cubes of meat and thus need no further processing. Cell-based foods can be mixed with other ingredients to make the final product before they are packaged for the consumer. FAO is working with members and partners to ensure good practices are followed to keep cell-based foods safe throughout the production process.


So far, we have looked at the transport aspect of the transport stratum functions. Since this traffic which is transported has to be managed and controlled, the control functions are the essential aspect of the transport stratum. So in this module, we should look at the transport stratum functions with respect to the control functions including the network attachment and control, mobility management, resource and admission control. The network attachment and control as the name suggests obviously is related to the user equipment which is now attached to the network. So the attachment of the user equipment to the next generation network involves some kind of signaling, some protocol definition and all these aspects. So the network attachment is an important part only through which a user equipment has to be part of the overall NGN. Once the user equipment is attached, then the services need to be activated. So the usage of the services is another important aspect of the network attachment and control. The most well-known and understandable functions which could be and are actually provided from the network attachment and control functions are the dynamic IP address assignment because every time a user equipment connects to the network, a new IP address is assigned and once the user equipment is detached from the network, the IP address is released. Then the user equipment capabilities are to be negotiated and this negotiation can only take place once the network is aware of the resource availability on the user equipment. For that, some kind of automated discovery mechanism should be in place. For instance, what kind of encoding, decoding formats are supported by the user equipment. Having done that, then the next important phase is to authenticate the user equipment. Once the user equipment is authenticated and is determined to be belonging to some kind of legitimate user premises or user profile, then subsequent network processes could be initiated. That is, the user is then authorized. The authorization process takes place after confirming the validity of the user profile available in the database of the NGN. Then the access network, the underlying network is configured according to the service level agreement or the contract between the user and the NGN. In case of mobility or in case some location-based service is to be provided, location management becomes another important aspect of the network attachment and control because understandably when a user equipment is free to move, then some kind of automated attachment, detachment and reattachment mechanisms have to be defined. The next important aspect is the mobility management and control. That is, managing the mobility and controlling the mobility. First of all, the seamless IP mobility is a goal in the transport stratum. It means regardless of the source IP address or the originating IP address, when a user equipment is moving, when it leaves the parent network, enters a foreign network or re-enters the parent network, the IP address connectivity has to be managed in such a manner that the services are kept independent of it and the service provisioning is guaranteed. The seamless mobility implies to handle both kind of mobility scenarios. That is horizontal handover. Vertical handover means intra-technology handover when same radio access technologies or the radio access networks are considered. The vertical handover is more complex when different kind of radio access technologies are deployed and the user equipment is moving out from the premises of one and entering into the jurisdiction of another. There are no QS guarantees which is the scope of mobility management because mobility management just incorporates valid and all the time seamless connectivity. The mobility in the mobility management and control functions are assumed to be a service like a service which is independent of the underlying radio access technologies and the networks. Another important aspect of the control is the resource and admission control functions. As the name suggests resources, what all resources are available to the NGN, how these resources are managed to accommodate a growing number of users that is done through the admission policy. So the resource and admission control is essentially a link between the service control function and the transport control function. The service control function is related to the user domain and the transport control function is related to the network domain. So unless and until there is a strong binding or a relationship that is present between the service control and the transport control, the user equipments or the individual users cannot be offered services to their liking. So the resource and admission control includes the call establishment processes that is call and session admission control. So the admission control could be once a call is initiated, it could be admitted into the network, it could be simply or outrightly rejected or it could be admitted with some basic modification to the call requirement. The modification could take place depending upon the transport subscription information which is initially provided or requested by the service control function. The service level agreements, which is another obvious way to define how a service should be looking like, what all features should it include. The policies are another important aspect which play an important role in resource and admission control. And then we have the service priorities. The service priorities is similar to how we prioritize different kinds of data and users. For that we need to go into a little more detail into the resource and admission control function service priority levels. We have three priority levels that is priority level one, which is the highest. It is for the life saving or the emergency services which are provided on NGN. The medium level priority is the priority level number two. It is for the real time audio visual and video streaming applications. The cloud computing also requires level two and this VPN, the virtual private network kind of services also require that some kind of assured delay in tolerant services should be given higher priority than a priority which is known as the lowest priority. So priority level two is definitely superior to the priority level three. Priority level three is mainly concerned with transporting and controlling the traffic with least QoS guarantees and also there are no guarantees on the admission. It means when some kind of priority level three traffic is admitted into the network is requested to be admitted into the network. If the network resources are not enough then it could simply be denied. The examples for this level three priority traffic could be simple web and email traffic.


For the CircuitPython parsec today, I wanted to show how you can read a RotaryEncoder inside of CircuitPython. This is really straightforward thanks to our RotaryIO library. I'm using one of our trinkets that's made for running a RotaryEncoder, but you could plug a RotaryEncoder into most any microcontroller. What we do in CircuitPython is we're importing the board so we have some pin definitions and we're importing RotaryIO library. Then with that RotaryIO library imported, we can do this. The encoder, this is the encoder object, equals RotaryIO.incrementalencoder, and then we point to the two board pins. In this case, the board pins are named wroteA and wroteB, which is super convenient. I want to print out when it turns its position. Then this is the main loop of the program, while true, if encoder.position is not the last position. So encoder.position, that's all you have to ask for to find the value of what the encoder is doing. As I turn this little knob here, that's turning that RotaryEncoder shaft, and that is being read by the little trinket there, the microcontroller is noticing those changes on its two pins, the RotaryA and RotaryB pin, and then I'm printing out there that change. You can use this for things like volume controllers, you can use this for things like MIDI CC, for mouse control, for moving a mouse on one axis. There's a lot of ways to use it, but it is dead simple to use, and that is all it takes to read RotaryEncoder inside of CircuitPython using the RotaryIO library. And that is your CircuitPython Parsec.