Hey, Psych2goers, let's talk about burnout. Yup, it's a rough one today. Are you a high achiever? Do you work really, really hard during the week? Are detailed plans and complicated to-do lists the very fiber of your being? Even if you manage to accomplish everything you wanted, do you still find yourself totally exhausted and unsatisfied? You may be achieving all of your goals, which is great. Yet, you may also be working too hard to achieve those very same goals. Does this sound familiar? It's very likely that you may be experiencing burnout. According to helpguide.org, burnout is classified as a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It occurs when you feel overwhelmed, emotionally drained, and unable to meet constant demands. So how do you know for sure if you're experiencing burnout? Well, here are the seven stages of burnout. Which stage are you in? Number one, a desired level of high achievement. The first level isn't necessarily connected to burnout itself. You can be a high achiever who's still able to balance all of your work during the week. There's nothing inherently wrong with wanting to do your best in any situation, and people may appreciate it as well. Your desire to be a high achiever can be the basis for a potential burnout later on, though. If you're the kind of person who desires a constant high level of success, this may be because you also feel a strong need to prove yourself. Proving yourself is a key thing that people often need when they're around others. The key thing to remember when wanting to prove yourself is that it's not just for one particular project. You most likely want to be successful with all sorts of different work. If others appreciate the hard work you put into something, this will potentially create an unspoken expectation on yourself. It can be created by others or even yourself. You'll likely desire to keep working harder and harder to maintain this initial success. It's important to keep track of why you're working so hard. Ask yourself, is it because you want to, or do you think it's because you're expected to by others? Number two, neglect. Do you find yourself forgetting to change your clothes from the day before? Did you forget to apply deodorant, brush your teeth, or even have a shower? Oops, do you find yourself forgetting little details about your work? You may be becoming neglectful. When you have a lot of work to get done, sometimes you might become overwhelmed by trying to get too much done in a short time. There are only so many hours in a day. The burnout at this stage can be due to the fact that you may be too tired. If you're lacking in energy, you may be eating less than your body needs to properly function. Having less than three square meals a day not only affects your diet, but also how you generally feel about yourself. If you're avoiding meals, then you may become tired. This neglect can be so aggressive at times that you might be too tired to eat. Why? Because you're not eating in the first place. Does that make sense? Think of a snake eating its own tail, also known as an aroboros. Oh, hey there. Did you relate to these two stages so far? Comment below. We want to remind you to take it easy and if you're feeling burnt out, drink plenty of water and get enough rest because you deserve it. Also, if you enjoy our content, don't forget to hit the like button and subscribe to our channel for more content. Did you do it? It's okay, I'll wait. Done? Thanks. Now, let's move on to the next point. Number three, denial. Do you find yourself easily frustrated by even the most minor of inconveniences or the simplest of conversations? Is your first instinct at that very question to shout, no, I don't? If you're at the third level of burnout, you're probably feeling denial even if you claim you're not. Here, you'll likely take issue with accepting responsibility for problems that you might have caused. Say you have an aggressive outburst at a friend during your morning coffee. This moment might shock your friend because it seemed like such an out-of-character moment for you. When you're in denial, you're more likely not to apologize for your behavior. If your friend knows about your need for a higher level of achievement, they may call you out for this apparent burnout-based attitude. The denial may kick in where you insist that you're fine and not overworking yourself. Number four, withdrawal. Do you often find yourself withdrawing from certain situations? If you find yourself denying the amount of stress you're under, your response may be to withdraw. The pain you could be ignoring can sometimes become so sharp and so great. The only response that you can think of may be withdrawing entirely. Removing yourself from the situation and to a greater extent your emotions is an important defense mechanism to recognize in yourself. At this stage, you'll likely ignore friends, family, and social functions. Do you find yourself ignoring text messages? It's normal to not respond to one or two texts here and there. Most people do this. If you're feeling burned out, those one or two texts can become five or six, maybe 10 or 12. Burnout can cause you to ignore almost all of your messages to the point that you feel overwhelmed by not texting even one person back. The more you let the messages build, the less likely you are to ever reply back. That withdrawal may even make you want to avoid going to parties. It takes a lot of energy to be in social settings for sure, especially if you identify as an introvert. If you find yourself ignoring contact with your loved ones, whether that's digitally or in person, it may upset your social circle. Number five, emptiness and depersonalization. The fifth level of burnout is definitely a tough one. Once you've removed yourself from your social life, you may begin to feel an overwhelming sense of emptiness. You may be unhappy with your job, for instance. If your work makes you feel entirely unfulfilled, it's possible that you've lost your own identity and sense of self along the way. If the work you do feels utterly soul-crushing, you may feel like just another cog in the corporate machine. As someone who's a hard worker, you may be more likely to become frustrated when all you do at your job goes seemingly unappreciated. Does your boss almost never say thank you? Did they only talk to you whenever they have a problem that needs fixing? Feeling unappreciated at work is a key factor in why people often quit their job. There's a common saying for this. People don't quit jobs, they quit bad bosses. Do you feel this deep in your bones? If your job is no longer satisfactory, you probably feel a lot less like an individual person and more of a collective conglomerate lost in the corporate shuffle. Talking to a friend or medical professional about how your feeling may help. Number six, depression and numbness. Do you feel empty lately? The irony of numbness is that there's no physical sensation in your body. How do you actually feel when you're numb? It may be hard to describe the exact sensation, but you certainly know it when it happens. The emptiness that can be experienced when you're depressed may be so great that you feel numb, even on an emotional level. If you feel numb to this scale, you may be more inclined to partake in substance and or drug abuse. This can lead to intense depression. Do the sails on your boat feel totally deflated? Do you find almost all of your motivation to be totally gone? When you're depressed, it can make you feel entirely lost and adrift at sea. When you're aimlessly drifting, it's because you don't have any wind to guide you. Depression can feel like all the wind has gone from your life. Number seven, exhaustion and collapse. The seventh and final stage of burnout is, you guessed it, the hardest one to deal with. These feelings can manifest themselves in both physical and emotional forms. When you are physically burnt out, your legs can turn to jelly, figuratively, not literally, thankfully. But the sensation of physical burnout can make you feel like all bone structure inside of your body has become entirely non-existent. Emotional burnout is a similar feeling to those pesky jelly legs, but instead it's your brain. If you're emotionally exhausted, then activities you once used to enjoy like reading a book or watching a movie may no longer be fun for you. They may become more of a chore than something that you used to do to rest and relax. If you've reached that last level, it's very important that you recognize the fact that you've gotten there. The first step to solving a problem is recognizing there is one. Eating some nutritious food, getting better sleep or listening to music you enjoy can all help lower the stress that has somatically built itself up inside your body. Did any of these symptoms ring a bell for you? Where do you rank on this scale? Are you doing okay? Better than you thought? Or a lot more soft than you first realized. Feel free to share with us in the comments below. Burnout is something that many of us experience on a daily, if not weekly basis. It's not something healthy to experience by any metric. It can also go on easily unnoticed and if untreated, burnout can get much, much worse. So if you're experiencing burnout, talking to a counselor or medical professional may help. Do you have a friend or family member who could use some encouragement? Is there someone out there who would benefit from this video? While we may not know what's going on, others may be able to point it out to us. If people you love reach out, it's because they care and want what's best for you. We know the hardest thing to do when you are indeed struggling is to let them in. So if you found this video useful, feel free to share it with someone who could use it. Subscribe to Psych2Go and hit the notification bell icon for more content like this. As always, thanks for watching.


Hey friends and welcome to my channel. I am Yoshida and this is Norris Cove. Today we're in the Happy Nietzsche. This is last week. Not a lot got done. I really didn't come in here much last week. I just basically was going out of my micro and might be sick. So here's this week. Now you see this I got this from Wegmans. It's a notepad. So I was debating whether because it's a little short of being a full page. So I'm thinking what I'm going to do is tape it on. Let me move her to one of my file photos. So here's the whole pad. This is how it comes. I got it from the grocery store which is Wegmans. And I just was like oh I think that'll make perfect. And my Fobonichi y'all. Why glue these pockets so tight? So anywho I'm like I want to use that next week in my Fobonichi. So here she is. Let's see what we can do with her. What I've done is I've already marked off where I want to have my lines. And I figured this away. I can still put boxes here. Have a positive message. So what I think I'm going to do is once I get it back in the holes I'm just going to line them up and tape them. Matter of fact I think that's what I'll do. So let's get started. Okay so what I'm doing is just taking my stable low marker and this is in pink as you can see. And I'm just outlining the page because that's just about how short the memo page was of being like perfect classic half a classic half nose. So I'm taking my tape and I'm just lining the holes up.  And it's just a little bit more. My tape was running out and I just wanted to get that last little bit on there. So I decided to go ahead and just draw straight lines across practicing for when I get my journal so that I won't need a ruler. But I still end up kind of using a ruler a little bit just to line the side of the page just to outline it just so that you know that it is days of the week. So and then I want to do like some black washy but then I was like no. So I decided to kind of shadow those boxes. I wanted the pink boxes to look a little shadowy. So I'm just taking some of my this is like a gray of the stable low stable low pens. I'm just adding a little shadow to them to make them look a little more. I don't know realistic a little bit. So I go around the corner just again to just kind of give it a little bit of shadow effect. So stealing my little bit pen back here.  But I figured just to go ahead and just give it a little bit of depth just to outline it just a little bit. These markers are really great by the way. Both of them the felt tip and the fine tip they work perfect. And also I guess if you journal or Bujo or what have you this is perfect. So I decided I just didn't like it like that which I could have left it like that. But I decided to use some of my simply guilty wash simply gilded washy tape just to put at the top just to give it a little dimension because I felt like it looks like a notepad. I don't know. So I add a little bit of the up under her to kind of take away the fact that it looks like a notepad. So this is what I started doing. Then I thought that made it look really girly. And I was like you know got the little lady here. She has a little purse. You know I want it to be really girly. And I thought about framing it and I see you've gone too far your sheet. Don't do that. So I just go back into doing my regular boxes. And I'm going to put in my date. So I'm looking for a pen. Y'all I got these pens from the Dollar Tree. I love them. So I'm just like pen testing right now. So I'm writing in my days of the week and looking for the dates because I could not remember the dates. So I'm putting those in just making sure that I'm clear. And I said I since it's girly the best book to go to to make it really girly is the wrong wrong accessory books. So that's what I'm doing. I'm going into those two wrong wrong accessory books. And one of them is like a kind of notepad. What is it? Yeah sticky notes. But in the back there are some girls. There are shoes. And all that just reminded me of just being girly. That's what's girly to me in the comments section. Let me know what does what does girly look like to you. I don't know girly to me is pink. It's pretty or just your favorite color heels purse perfume wallets. I don't know I just love I'm just it's funny because I'm laughing because I love girly things but growing up I played with paper dolls. But it was also a tomboy I like to just play in the dirt. I like to just play with the boys and play basketball and all that stuff. But I started carrying a purse I think like I'm creating high school and it was a wrap. I still play by sports but I loved everything girly. So yeah purses and perfume shades and heels all that just reminds me all the accessories remind me of just girly girl. So I was going to add some boxes but I thought it just kind of took away from my little girly theme and I just didn't want to overcrowd it. So I just found some more shoes and kind of just stuck them in there. And I believe that I'm going to pull up one of the yeah I'm going to put this box because I'm like I just want to leave it real nice classy and simple. So I hope you guys enjoy this and don't forget in the comment section let me know what is girly to you and I will see y'all soon. Okay everyone I'm back. So what I did was of course glue this page down. I made a background decide to make it pink to match over here my boxes. I went ahead and did a little shadow boxing and also I just wanted to look really girly. And I knew the perfect book that gives you real girly. You can get some of your African American girl dolls in there. So I use the wrong wrong sticker book for my little elements of shoes purses and things like that. And I really, really love this spread. I didn't want the boxes to be kind of perfect because I just wanted them to be a little shadowy. So I got a little deeper here. Matter of fact, let me color this in a little bit more. Oh, there was the wrong one. Shoot. I must have put up the other ones. Well, anyway, here we are. We are done. And I really like this. I also use some of my Simply Gilded foiled washi. This is the trying to think the halo the hollow one the hollow foil. So yeah, so this is my spread for my Happy Neat You for the week. I hope you guys enjoyed this video. If you'd like to see more Happy Neat You spreads, don't forget to hit that subscribe button. Also hit that notification bell and I'll see you in my next video. Bye


So, we shall now continue to give some more examples, familiar examples of categories. We studied topological category, the homotopy category and the simplicial category and CW category. So, one more most important category for topologist is the smooth category denoted by DF by me, but other people may denoted slightly differently, notation is not all that all that uniformized. So, what are the objects of this category? They are smooth manifolds and morphisms are smooth functions. So, this category is called the smooth category and denoted by DF, DIFF, DF. So, some of you who have not studied any, you know, difference to power of your soul, for them this may not be quite familiar object. In any case we are not going to do anything in this category right now in this course. But however I would like to introduce a closely related category to this one which is actually somewhat larger than this category in some sense and that you will be familiar with. So, that is denoted, let us denoted by small DF, DIFF is actually larger than DF in some sense. So, what is this? The objects of this DIFF are subspace is of some Euclidean space, there is no other condition, subspace is of some Euclidean space, they are all allowed here. And what are the maps from one object to another object, they are all smooth functions. Now, this word smooth functions on orbital subsets you may not know what is it, so here it is namely I am saying to recall but if you do not know this is the first time you should know. A function from X to Rm where X is subspace of some Rm is said to be smooth if it exists if there exists an open subset U inside Rm, see X is inside Rm, so there must be an open subset inside Rm and a smooth function G from U to Rm such that X is subset of U and U is open and G is a function on U, G restricted to X must be F. So, why I am giving this, you all know what is the differentiability, second differentiability, first differentiability or all that smooth functions, three infinity functions or open subsets but you may not know what is the meaning of that on an arbitrary subset and this is the meaning, with this the DIFF category is very much familiar to you in doing calculus courses, you do in the calculus course. So, this is one of the important category, the category of open sets in a single topological space, this is a wonderful category but this is again not going to be used in this course but this will be useful when you do commodity theories, shift theory and so on. What is it? UX which is notation for this category that the objects of this UX are nothing but open subsets of X, if you say X tau then tau is the set of objects here. So, object sets are open subsets, each object is an open subset of X, what is a morphism from U to V? Whenever U is contained inside V, take the inclusion map, if it is not contained in take this as a empty set. So, UV is empty if U is not contained in it. So, this is the object, very simple object.  There is only one inclusion map, the identity map and that will serve as the identity, two-sided identity. So, this category is called UX, it is quite useful in the study of shift theory. Now, I come to examples from algebra. The first example is category of groups, GR, all groups are taken as objects. Morphisms between one group to another group is homomorphism and composition is just like set theory composition. Does that convince you that it is a category? Associative law is there, two-sided identity is there and that is what it makes a category. What is an equivalence here? Isomorphism of groups. What are isomorphism? What are equivalence objects? Isomorphism classes of groups. And there is a very nice subcategory here, namely you only take abelian groups. The rest of the things is same, namely even any two abelian groups, what is morphism A to B? All homomorphisms. There is no restriction there, there are no abelian homomorphisms, every homomorphism is fine. And identity is the two-sided identity as usual, identity homomorphism, the identity of the group. So, that is a category which is a subcategory of category of all groups GR and it is a full subcategory. Because whenever you have abelian group, homomorphism from A to B is the same as homomorphism A to B as whether they are abelian or not, is a full subcategory. Similarly, another one important one which is very familiar to you is, take a field, fix that field, then take a vector space over it, all vector space over that, that is the object. What are morphisms? Vector space linear maps, linear maps from one vector space to another vector space over K. The K field has to be fixed to make it a category. Then if you take the composition of linear maps, it will be again linear map, right. Identity is a two-sided identity, all that is fine. Similar, exactly similar, instead of K is a field, you take a K to be a commutative ring, okay. And the objects now are what are called as morphisms instead of vector spaces. So, this is another important category which we will be using all the time. The vector spaces as well as categories, we will be using in this course also, okay. So, homomorphisms are what? A and B are modules. What are homomorphisms? The so called R linear maps. The R is fixed here. You cannot change one module over R, another module over R prime where R and R prime are different rates. That is a entirely different concept that needs more algebra to be handled, okay. But there is no category as such. Next comes a cooked up category. It is an algebraic category, okay. However, it depends upon a topological space, okay. Later on we will conceptualize this also. But right now it is just an example of a category. What is this category? Fix a topological space. Then, what are the objects? Objects are elements of this set. So, object C, okay, is nothing but x itself. Elements of x are objects. What are maps from, so m of x, y, what is it? When x and y are elements of x, what is mx, y? They will be path is from x to y. A path is a continuous function defined on the closed interval 0, 1, okay, say omega. Omega 0 must be x, omega 1 must be y. All such path is will be taken as collection of m, x, y.  But it works out well for morphisms. Now I have to define what should be the operation, binary operation. Binary operation, I take concatenation of maps of path is. Whenever it, how is defined? If x to y, if take and another path is from y to z, then concatenation is defined, composition of path is. Not as morphism, this composition is concatenation. You have to follow x to y, the path and then trace y to z that another path, okay. The only problem is here now, associativity as well as identity. You see, we tried just taking morphisms, then it does not work. Therefore, we have to modify it. Namely, we know how to modify it anyway. Namely, instead of taking all path is, what you do is take only homotopy classes as a one single object. Namely, path homotopy classes. Path homotopy is what? A homotopy which keeps the endpoint fixed. Okay, take that as a one single member. Then you know that concatenation is associative as well as there are two-sided identity, namely the constant functions, the constant maps are two-sided. So, at x, you take the constant map at x, okay, that will be two-sided identity for path is which end there as well as path is which start from there. So, that will complete the definition of this category. This category is denoted by this curly px. It depends upon x, this p corresponding to whatever path is, okay. And this is called the fundamental groupoid, this category. Why it is called groupoid? Because every morphism is invertible. You know that if you take a path from x to y, there is a tracing the path from the other way around from y to x, okay. So, omega tau of t equal to omega of 1 minus t, that will define a homotopy inverse for the path omega. Therefore, every morphism is invertible. So, such things are called groupoids in more general set up, okay. So, concatenation of a path, path homotopy path is or path homotopy becomes a category. The class of constant path at x forms a two-sided identity, okay. And every omega has an inverse, a unique inverse up to homotopy everything, okay. More generally, any category in which every morphism is invertible is called a groupoid. That is why we call this group. In this particular case, look at mxx. They will be what? Loops at x, the class, homotopy class of loops at x and that forms a group namely pi 1 of xx. This is the notation. This is called the fundamental group of x at x, which we have studied thoroughly in part 1, okay. So, more generally, you have fundamental groupoid. Mxy is empty if x and y are in different path components. You should observe this also. Which is non-empty means they are in the same path component. So, there is no assumption on x, x may be path connected or may not be path connected. But groupoid is well defined, okay. Now, I come to some other kind of example from slightly different area. This is from common adorix. This is another very important example. We start with a partially ordered set, okay. Associated to that, you can define a category and associated to that category of some certain category, you can define a partially ordered set. This way, partially ordered sets can be converted into category and you can apply the theory of categories to derive theorems in partially ordered sets or concerning partially ordered sets and so on. So, how do we do this? Let us define a category associated to this x less than or equal to, that is the partial order. What are the elements of this new category? They are just elements of x. For any two elements x and y, take m x y, we have defined the morphism. The m x y will have one single element if and only if x is less than or equal to y. Otherwise, it is empty. This is similar to what we had, the u x, the topology, given a topological space x, we had the category u x. It is similar to this one you can see, okay. So, it is actually, this is more general than that one. That can be obtained as a special case of this one. So, m x y to be single attorney if x is less than or equal to y. Otherwise, it is empty. The binary operations are defined in an obvious way because what is it? You have a transitivity if x is less than or equal to y and y is less than or equal to z, then you know x is less than or equal to z. That is the transitivity of the partial order, okay. So, this element, there is one single element, x is less than or equal to y and y less than or equal to one single element, composite it to get the x is equal to z. So, that is the composition. So, finally, x is less than or equal to x, okay. So, m x x has one element there, which is a two sided identity. If you composite with x less than or equal to y, you get again x less than or equal to y. So, this is a category, okay, the category of posets. Posets means what? The partial order. So, what I want to say, these steps can be reversed.  The start to suppose the family of objects is a set. In general, it is not that. For each pair of objects, A, B, the set of morphisms is either empty or a single attorney. If it is empty, do not do anything. If it is a single turn, define x is less than or equal to y. If we do not leave, the m x y is non-empty. Then you get a partial order. So, now let us look at another example from algebra. Recall that by a semi-group, we mean a set with an associative binary operation with a two sided identity, like the set of non-negative integers with addition. That is simple example, okay. So, such thing is called semi-group. In other words, inverse may not exist. In particular, every group is also a semi-group binary. A semi-group may not be a semi-group because inverse does not exist. But inverse, if it exists, it is allowed. I do not say that. So, all groups are semi-groups also. Semi-groups are larger than. The category of semi-groups is larger than groups. That is all. So, semi-groups are very important in function theory and so on, okay. So, in any category C, for any object A in C, MAA is a semi-group in two different ways. What is this? Either taking operation f star g, I want to define the binary operation to be the fg which is defined in the category or gf. We will define it as gf also, okay. Because it is MAA, both of them will give you a semi-group structure on MAA, okay. So, in a, I am now doing nothing. I start with the category and look at and one of the object and look at MAA. It is already a semi-group. But there is no unique way. There are two different ways of looking at it, okay. So, conversely, suppose you are given a semi-group M, okay. There are essentially two different ways of thinking this as MC of AA where C is a category. What is that category? The category has only A as object and MCAA is the semi-group. But unfortunately, you do not know whether you are going to take the left multiplication as a operation or right multiplication, okay. So, there is that much of ambiguity. So, actually, both of them can be taken. So, there are two different ways of getting it. Sometimes may group like in a case of groupoid, Mxx became a fundamental group because everything was invertible. A semi-group is called monoid. These are some words you may not pay much attention to them. If it is cancellative, okay, a group piece of course a monoid automatically. If inverse exists, it is automatically cancellative. Look at the semi-group of integers that you have taken, positive integers. It is cancellative, okay. You have already realized that if 5 plus 10 is equal to something equal to say 5 plus some other number, then that other number must be equal to 5 without knowing the traction. So, this is built in the beginning of a child knows, okay. This plus this, this plus something else, that something else must be this. So, this is easier to understand by cutting down. That cutting down later on becomes the traction, okay. So, cancellation law can be understood without being actually invertible. Invertibility will become cancellative will be forced after that. So, the example 5, 13, 14, 15, you state the fact that there are many interesting categories in which morphisms are not necessarily functions. The first category, this example 5 was our homotopy category. A homotopy class, you cannot call it a function, okay. So, what is example 13? Let us see what was example 13? The fundamental group point. Here morphisms are again equations, classes of pathies. They are not even function, equivalent classes of functions. So, they are also not functions, equations, classes of pathies, okay. In the 14, this is just a binary relation x less than or equal to y, that will be morphisms. You can think of this as morphism, okay. So, this kind of abstractness slowly have to sink inside this one. All these are concrete examples inside the category theory. There are what are called as abstract categories. You can imagine how abstract they are. So, these things are these come come into very concrete examples. There are abstract examples also, which we are not going to deal with, okay. So, since I have already introduced what is the meaning of a subcategory, let us have a quick look at some more examples of subcategories now. We have already indicated one such example, namely the AB. The category of abelian groups is a subcategory of category of groups. Not only that is subcategory, it is actually a full subcategory, right. Similarly, if you take diffeomorphism, dif class, what are the objects? They are manifolds. So, before being manifold, they are actually topological spaces. And a smooth function is automatically a continuous function. Therefore, dif can be thought of as a subcategory of topological category, set of all topological spaces and continuous maps. But this is not a full subcategory because to take all continuous map, they may not be smooth. Therefore, it is strictly smaller, right. Therefore, it is not a full subcategory. So, we have examples as a counter examples also. It is here understanding what going on has to be, right. Now, I introduce little df and then I said that this is in some sense larger than capital Df. Why? Because there is a theorem which says take any smooth manifold, it can be embedded inside some large Rn. When you say embedded, it will become homomorphic, difomorphic to a subset of Rn. Rn is very large depending upon the manifold. So, this is theorem of Whitney, okay. It tells you that every smooth manifold is a sub-object in some Rn. Therefore, in that sense, you can think of, you know, this capital Df objects in this capital Df are objects in small df also. And what are morphisms? They are smooth functions. So, this way you can think of this as a full subcategory of that category. But inside dif, there are more elements. Namely, you can take union of x axis and y axis. That is not a manifold. But you can define what is the meaning of smooth functions on it, okay. Similarly, if you take a square, that is not a smooth object, it is not a smooth manifold because it has corner, okay. So, you can take triangle. It is not a smooth manifold but it is a smooth object. You do not know what is the meaning of smooth functions on it, okay. So, there are many more objects in subspaces inside Rn which are not manifolds, okay. Manifolds is a small object, set of objects there inside that. So, in that sense dif, capital Df is a subcategory of small diff, okay. Now, this is an open kind of exercise for you while studying these two morphisms attaching. Go back and just keep seeing what are the examples of what category is an example can be thought of as a subcategory of the category of sets. You will see many of them are, you will see some of them are not, okay. And that is the, that is why I told this ENS is a mother category for many of them. This is what you have to then you know which one are, which one are not, okay. All structural categories, many of them we have introduced they are like that. Namely, you start with a set X then you put extra structure on it. Namely, put a topology, namely put a binary operation which makes it a group. May be put a double two operations which make them into a vector space. So, these are called extra structures. They are all to begin with a set. Even if you put extra structure, there will still be a set. So, objects are sets. What are morphisms? Again, they are functions. So, all structural categories are subcategories of the ENS, okay. So, to understand these comments, you know, understand takes a little more time. You have to read whatever has been done so far, which is very little again and again, a couple of times. Be sure of what is going on, okay. Thank you. So, that's all for today.


Coming up on DTNS, Plume Wi-Fi is likely in your ISP's Wi-Fi router right now. Is that a good thing? The latest in the Chinese crackdown on tech platforms and a detailed look at Apple's plan to scan for child abuse images and the implications of that plan. This is the Daily Tech News for Friday, August 6th, 2021 in Los Angeles. I'm Tom Merritt. Somewhere in Dogtown, STL. I'm Patrick Norton. And I'm Roger Chambers. The show is pretty soon. We were just discussing all manner of things from my online pet refill follies to whether I should wear a hat on the show or not. If you'd like that wider conversation, get good day internet. Become a member at patreon.com slash DTNS where you can join our top patrons like Jeff Wilkes, Paul Reis, and Dr. X17. Let's start with a few tech things you should know. Thanks to Semi-Declared on our subreddit who pointed out that today is the anniversary of the publication of the very first World Wide Web page by Tim Berners-Lee on 6th, August 1991. It says on that page, the World Wide Web, or W3, is a wide area hypermedia information retrieval initiative aiming to give universal access to a large universe of documents. Microsoft has three interesting announcements. A new experimental mode for the Edge browser will turn off just-in-time compilation in its JavaScript engine to improve security. Microsoft's Chief Product Officer, Penos Panay posted a gif on Twitter showing Spotify integrated into the alarm clock on Windows 11, apparently related to the focus session feature. And over the next 12 months, Microsoft will bring features from the UWP One Note into the desktop version of One Note. And by the second half of 2022, all users will be encouraged to upgrade to the desktop app. Support for that version of One Note will continue through October 2025. Did you say gif? Probably. But I seem to change how I say it every couple of years depending on... Oh, okay. Yeah, I like that. Equal opportunity. Wednesday, we discussed Facebook's decision to suspend the accounts of researchers from NYU's advertising lab in the name of protecting privacy. The FTC's Acting Director of the Bureau of Consumer Protection, Samuel Levine, wrote a letter to Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg on the subject, saying that he was, quote, disappointed by how your company has conducted itself in this matter. The letter also added the following paragraph. The FTC is committed to protecting the privacy of people and efforts to shield targeted advertising practices from scrutiny run counter to that mission. Had you honored your commitment to contact us in advance, we would have pointed out that the consent decree does not bar Facebook from creating exceptions for good faith research in the public interest. Indeed, the FTC supports efforts to shed light on opaque business practices, especially around surveillance based advertising. While it is not our role to resolve individual disputes between Facebook and third parties, we hope that the company is not invoking privacy, much less the FTC consent order as a pretext to advance other aims. End quote. That's the sternest thing I've heard from the FTC and approximately forever. Good writing. I enjoyed it. Seriously. John Deere announces it will acquire autonomous farming heavy machinery company Bear Flag Robotics to fill gap in farm labor Bear Flag developed autonomous farm robotics and has become a limited deployment in California. The acquisition will help Bear Flag to avoid what happened to Apple peaking robot developer abundant, which closed last month when it was unable to raise enough investment. And Thursday, we mentioned the Wyden-Lumis Toomey Amendment from U.S. senators that would tighten up the definition of cryptocurrency brokers in the infrastructure bill. Well, senators Portman, Warner and Cinema have introduced their own amendment that would reportedly broaden the definition of broker and apply the increased reporting requirements and hire taxes to more cryptocurrency businesses. And President Biden has expressed support for that amendment. All right, let's talk about Google first before we get to Apple unsealed court documents indicate Google considered buying Epic Games as a way to remove the two companies disputes over Fortnite in the Android store. Epic offered Fortnite as a side loaded app for a while, you may recall. And in Epic's filing on the lawsuit, it said Google developed a series of internal projects to address the contagion, as they called it, that it perceived from efforts by Epic and others to offer consumers and developers competitive alternatives, and has even contemplated buying some or all of Epic to squelch this threat. Now, that's interesting, but the supporting documents that show exactly what Google employees were saying about the idea of acquiring Epic remain sealed. So we don't get to know that. And the filing does not indicate that Google actually ever raised the idea with Epic. It may have just been an internal thing. Epic's filing also shows Google staff members were aware that side loading was quote abysmal and took 15 steps compared to two for Google Play. In other words, Google knew that there were barriers to an alternative and use them to protect its monopoly in Epic's opinion. That's why they're bringing it up. More along these lines include a presentation about Amazon's competing app store where Google employees said if we were honest, we would admit that most users and developers aren't consciously choosing. They are going with the default, default being the Play Store. Epic is doing all this in advance of a trial against Google. It's still awaiting a ruling from the court on its lawsuit against Apple. That's yet to come. And a trial with Google has yet to begin. Seems like Patrick, like all the buzz is focusing on that idea of Google saying, well, maybe we should just buy Epic, which yeah, that's tantalizing. But without really seeing it in context, I can imagine that inside Google, employees would throw that idea around of like, I mean, we got enough money, why don't maybe we should just buy them without necessarily seriously thinking it was the thing that they should do. What's kind of crazy is when you think about Google or Apple or Microsoft for that matter, these are companies that are sitting on tens of billions, if not hundreds of billions of dollars that are just sitting accruing interest or whatever you do with $150 billion, you stash it away for a rainy day. So, you know, it's literally when you think about what a company could buy, they could buy anything. Exactly. That's why this doesn't get my dander up so much is like the idea that Google could buy Epic isn't news. The idea that someone inside of Google among its thousands of employees at some point said, I don't know, maybe we should just buy Epic and end this whole thing isn't surprising. What would be surprising is if it made it to a planning stage and they're like, yeah, let's do that.  Let's buy them. That would be interesting. We're not seeing those documents. Or no signs of any negotiation. I have a feeling like on certain lawyers, they have a checklist. Can we buy our way out of the problem? Can we buy the company to buy our way out of the problem? Honestly, they should. They should go through that checklist. And quite often that checklist should end with antitrust concerns do not outweigh the benefits of buying, do not buy, which is probably where this conversation would have ended rather quickly. But yeah, it's getting a lot of attention. So, I figured we should acknowledge it. Makes sense. Protocol has a write-up on Plume. That's a Wi-Fi company you may or may not know about. They started out making software that helps Wi-Fi networks allocate bandwidth intelligently by device in order to increase coverage in a home. And the idea was you wouldn't have to add hardware or antennas or mesh-based stations. Plume sells the systems to ISPs like Comcast, Charter, and Vodafone to make their Wi-Fi routers work better for home users. They also, of course, sell standalone products, Wi-Fi pods direct to consumers to help them manage their home networks. It's on these products that Plume has been testing Wi-Fi-based motion detection technology from cognitive systems as a feature. It analyzes changes in Wi-Fi radio waves to tell where motion occurs, which is kind of a wild thing to think about. Plume is considering using that to offer motion-based features like turning off lights when someone leaves a room or dusting a thermostat when nobody is home without having to have an actual camera there or adding multiple sensors. And Plume is, of course, collecting aggregate data with a billion devices being used in its system or so they claim. The company says they can report things like a 158% increase in installed Peloton devices or a 50% increase, 54% increase in Apple watches between October 19 and May 2021. The data can be used for network management and customer service issues. It could also be used to help investors decide on what kinds of companies to invest in or device makers, basically which type of devices to develop. Oh, my goodness, look at all those devices out there. We should make a competitor. And, of course, it can be used for marketing, though Plume insists it will not sell anything but aggregate data and not allow individual targeting. Man, I was enjoying the story right up into that last sentence. And the thing is, I don't have any reason to distrust Plume. I don't know enough about him to distrust them or not. But as soon as somebody's aggregating data these days, everybody's dander goes up, right? Everybody's like, wait, hold on. And it doesn't matter that you say, oh, we promise not to sell to third parties. Everybody assumes that you will because they've been burned before, right? Or it'll only be aggregate data. Don't worry, no one will know. No one will ever find out, which has me thinking about that stern and well-written letter from the FTC to Zuckerberg. I'm curious. I'm a kind of fan. I had no idea. I knew Plume as a company that makes mesh devices. I didn't realize how deep they were in supplying services to ISPs. I also had somebody who had a Nest thermostat and had it shut off the heat to the house while my family was in the room with it. I think Nest has gotten better with their sensors. I find the idea of using, you know, interpreting Wi-Fi signals really kind of fascinating. And I wait with bated breath to find out how well it works in homes across America. Yeah, I mean, because the whole wife in aggregate without targeting me specifically. The use of the change in the delay of the bouncing of the radio waves to the Wi-Fi to tech motion, that's great because it's like, yeah, you don't have to record video of somebody. You can just look at the math that's there already and say, oh, somebody's in the room. It seems like it tends to be a little more accurate as well because it's not trying to detect video. It's actually able to show motion. So I think that's great. And I love that Plume is doing that. This aggregate stuff, I mean, I try to steer against my instincts and say, it can be done right. And that is valuable to have, to know, like, listen, we don't need to know who has them, but seeing a lot more Peloton traffic on the networks is important to know and could be beneficial, especially if it's public. To stay in age, you have to work a lot as a company to prove that you are not abusing that data. The other thing that always strikes me is, one, because of the way they sell this as a service, they have continuing revenue that I think will motivate them to keep their devices secure, which is something you do not see in the vast majority of Wi-Fi devices or mesh devices, less so with mesh, more so with Wi-Fi, where they age and they're not secure. But I'm also like, if my router knows whether or not I'm home and somebody can never figure out a way to detect that from a security standpoint, that's a little terrifying. And that could be independent of even using Plume. If somebody can just monitor your Wi-Fi radio waves, that's possible. Oh, yeah. Time for another China crackdown update. China's rules that you cannot operate tutoring services for profit or with foreign investment have impacted US-based Duolingo. The app is no longer available for download in major Chinese app stores. Duolingo says it hopes to restore the app in the near term. They have not abandoned all hope. And ByteDance said Thursday that it's going to lay off employees in its education business and close some tutoring operations. China trying to crack down on the over-profiting on parental fears by just saying you can't make money off tutoring anymore. And these are the effects. There's also a crackdown on celebrity culture online going on in China. Popular short messaging platform Weibo removed an online celebrity list. It's kind of like a Twitter follow list, like where everybody's like, oh, these are the celebrities. Let's look at what they're up to. The Weibo removed it due to irrational support for some celebrities. That was the quote, irrational support. State-owned People's Daily had recently criticized platforms that make stars out of unworthy individuals. Former member of EXO is under accusations. Kevin Wu, that might be playing a part in this as well, could be one of those unworthy individuals in the People's Daily's opinion. Wall Street Journal notes that in the wake of Chinese crackdown on tech companies, Hong Kong's Hong Seng index is down 3.8% on the year, and down 39% from its peak in February. It started strong, and it's just dropped ever since. However, investors do believe that the long term more Chinese firms are going to list in Hong Kong, not the U.S., which will ultimately be good for the exchange anyway. China Telecom was cut off from the U.S. markets recently, though it plans to list its shares in Shanghai for now, and China Mobile also plans a domestic listing for the same reason. Holding onto its U.S. listing is proving challenging for Didi Global. Bloomberg says the ride-hailing giant is considering giving up control of its data in China to a third party, though Didi disputes that, says that report is untrue. China is investigating Didi for security concerns related to its U.S. listing, and punishments being considered reportedly include fines, or Didi being forced to take on state-owned investors to try to outweigh the foreign ownership from Japan's soft bank in the U.S.'s Uber. Also in the tech company Crackdown Wake, food delivery platform Matewan may be fined $1 billion for accusations of monopolistic practices. Huawei reported its biggest drop ever in revenue, though that is a result of U.S. sanctions and restrictions, not of Chinese Crackdown. And yet, there's also good news for one Chinese company. Counterpoint Research estimates Xiaomi sales grew 26% on the month in June, giving it a 17.1% share of the world market for smartphones, pushing it up above Samsung's 15.7% and Apple's 14.3%. It may be temporary. Samsung's production in Vietnam was disrupted by COVID-19 in the month of June. But for now, Xiaomi is the world's number one smartphone maker. I was going to say, also, it's got to be a terrifying time to be anybody that's invested in China or any Chinese tech company that's kind of looking around and going... Yeah, what's going to be the next misstep? And particularly, as we talked about last Friday, it's platforms. China loves its hardware makers, its chip makers. It wants more of those. It wants people that make the parts.  So it's not all tech companies. There is a rational support for companies that just make money off of the people. Yes, you can have a rational support for chip makers, just not for celebrities on Weibo. Hey, folks, we love patrons that stick around with it. So many of you have been with us from the very beginning, if not right after. That's why we're happy to offer Patreon loyalty rewards. You can get a unique sticker mug, t-shirt, or hoodie every three months, as long as you stay a patron at our top four levels. Each one has unique art from Len Peralta, featuring the DTNS seven-year anniversary logo. You can get the details by looking at the tier descriptions at patreon.com slash DTNS. All right. Yesterday, we mentioned at the very top of the show quickly that Johns Hopkins University professor Matthew Green had received confirmation that Apple was planning to do on-device scanning for child abuse materials. Apple has confirmed that plan now and released more details about what it calls expanded protections for children. Let's look at what it actually does and some of the reactions from the security and privacy community. Two main features will become part of iOS 15, Mac OS Monterey, and the next iPad OS and watch OS this autumn. They are both an attempt to combat child sexual abuse material, which is being referred to in a lot of the documentation and reporting as CSAM, C-S-A-M. Keep in mind, most all cloud services, Microsoft, Google, and more, scan user uploads in the cloud. Once it's in the cloud and on Google server or Microsoft server or Amazon server, they will scan for illegal content like CSAM. Apple doesn't do that and isn't going to start doing that because Apple lets users encrypt files before they get to the cloud. So to scan for CSAM uploaded to iCloud photos, Apple is going to implement something called neural hash, which will work on your device without decrypting the images. You'll be saying, how's that work? Here's how it works. A hash number is created for every image to be uploaded to iCloud photos. A lot of you know what a hash number is, but if you don't, it's essentially a number that can be created without viewing the image or decrypting it. It's math. If you're up on cryptographic techniques, Apple is using private set intersection. Security researchers generally agree that this works as advertised. This isn't the controversial part. It uses math so that you can't identify the image from the hash unless you have a matching hash for that same image yourself. Before an image is uploaded to Apple, your device will compare hashes to a database of hashes that have been made from offending images provided by child protection organizations, including the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, the NCMEC. That database is stored on your device. Just a list of numbers. You're not going to have the actual images on your computer, just the hash numbers. Images that are the same or cropped from the same as one in the database will result in a match. So you don't need to decrypt the user's image. If the hash is the same, the software knows what the image is. If it's not the same, it doesn't. If there's a match, that result is uploaded to Apple servers, but that process uses something called threshold secret sharing. Basically, that sets a limit that won't allow the results. Even though they're on the Apple servers now, the results will not be decrypted until it meets a threshold of some number of matching results. Now, Apple would not say what it set the threshold at, because it doesn't want people trying to game that system. But threshold secret sharing is also not controversial in the security community. It works. Apple will not even know you had any matches until you meet the threshold, whatever that is. And if the threshold is met, there are still more steps. Apple will take decrypted results if you meet the threshold and manually review the images to make sure there wasn't a false match. Apple thinks it's a one in a trillion chance of a mismatch, but it will still manually review images just to be sure. If, after all of this, the images do match illegal images, Apple will disable the user account and forward the information to the NCMEC. The NCMEC will then engage with law enforcement. Okay, that's neural hash. That's one of the features. Here's the other feature, message scanning for children. This only applies to accounts that are set up on a family account and identified as someone younger than 18. For these accounts, Apple uses on-device machine learning classifiers to detect sexually explicit images in the messages app. If the user is trying to send a matching image, the system will warn the user, hey, you're about to send those. Are you sure you want to do that? And if your account is listed as being for someone 13 years or younger, the warning will include a parental notification if the image is sent. Now, if a child user receives a matching image, the image will be blurred and the user will be told, hey, you don't have to reveal this image. It's okay. If the user is younger than 13 and the user chooses to reveal the image, parents will be notified and the image will be saved for review. So that's child protection in messages. Apple says neural hash and the child account measures will roll out first in the US and did not commit to other rollouts. So it's coming to the US only for now. Might go elsewhere, might not. If you do not use iCloud Photos and if you're not on a child's account, the system will not be used. So if you want to avoid it, for now, don't use iCloud Photos. So to sum up the story so far, Apple will use on-device scanning to look only for abusive materials, child abusive materials, CSAM, keep it encrypted even if it matches until it reaches a threshold and even then manually verify it before a disabling account and reporting it to a non-profit child protection agency that will deal with law enforcement. Apple won't deal with law enforcement. And in addition to that, accounts identified as children will be protected from seeing sexually explicit images and if they're identified as younger than 13, parents will be notified if the parents won. And yet security researchers in general see these measures however well-intentioned they are meant as backdoors to encryption. Because in the end, an encrypted piece of data is being decrypted by a third party. Apple, in the case of neural hash, or seen by a third party, the parents, in the case of child message protection. The EFF also points out that the systems can be easily changed to scan for more than just child abuse if Apple wants to do that or look for more than just sexual images if Apple wants to do that and easily could be changed to apply to more than just i-photos and messages on child accounts if Apple were wanting to do that. Right now it's limited to that but the infrastructure is there. Apple's defense in the past has been that it could not give access to encrypted data if it wanted to because the user holds the keys and that's the end of that unless it's iCloud. That defense goes away if this is implemented. Apple now could be pressured to update its software in particular cases to scan more widely. Some government could say to Apple like hey we know you can do this just you know do a little tweak to this person's operating system so we can see a little more. Apple of course will say it will not give into such pressure or push out such updates. After all, it holds the keys for all iCloud photo libraries already and it has resisted pressure to scan in the cloud it's not even doing it now and it could have also updated software to weaken end-to-end encryption in the past and it didn't and it bears repeating that Apple's not the first to do this or even the worst. Most cloud companies scan your photos for CSAM in the cloud after you've uploaded it and most of the time you don't even realize that's happening. The reactions are security researchers don't think this is a good idea for Apple to do a GitHub petition has been started requesting Apple halt deployment of these systems and reaffirm its commitment to end-to-end encryption. Nine to five Mac obtained an internal memo from Apple software VP Sebastian Marino May saying we know some people have misunderstandings and more than a few are worried about the implications but we will continue to explain and detail the features so people understand what we've built. I feel like I haven't read the full white paper on this necessarily Patrick but I feel like I have a good handle on what they're doing and I very much support the idea of why they're doing it. I am very uncomfortable with them implementing infrastructure that could be used for something else. Yeah it's I have children. I have a lot of feelings about this and it is interesting to look at. I think the real challenge here is again you know we're going to save the children we're going to do the right thing. We just have this one exception. They're a little box and what we've seen and this is coming from Apple it's particularly fascinating because they've done they've held the line so hard and end-to-end encryption and you know the EFF write-ups on this are particularly compelling and one of the things that was in the show notes was David Teal writing about it and he's written a lot of really compelling so or tweeted I should say the EFF article by Indio McKinney and Erica Portnoy Apple's plan to think different about encryption opens a backdoor to your private life and what it comes down to is you know this becomes you know it starts out as A and then you know through legal pressure through we want to do business in this country pressure through you know that sounds like a good idea pressure and it suddenly becomes a tool for kind of keeping an eye on what's going on inside of your phone and I know people love to say well if you're not doing anything wrong it won't be a problem but you know that's that's a that's a complicated subject especially if you are say oh I don't know perhaps you are not particularly happy with the current government in Russia you know or any of a number of other countries in the world or the United States or the United States you know there's there's also you know I man it's it's you know it's a it's a very you know I think it becomes a very slippery slope very quickly depending on what else this is used for that my thinking keeps changing on this so by the time you hear what I'm about to say and respond I'll probably have changed my mind but right now the iCloud photos bothers me less because Apple already holds your key sure and so what bothers me about this is that they're saying you know what we want to give in a little right now we hold your keys and we don't give them up for any reason unless we absolutely have to under a warrant but we're going to give them up in this case under these conditions I don't love that because slippery slope like you say right but and this is to Teal's point uh maybe it's worth it uh maybe that's worth it and you already hold my keys anyway and you're doing a lot to to make sure that you don't see it unless you absolutely have to okay I'm still uncomfortable with that but I I'm starting to see like how that is not maybe as bad as I thought originally the message is is where you have put in a back door you you this is end to end encrypted end to end encrypted means nobody else can see what's in my end end encrypted and as much as I don't want kids to have to see messages that they didn't want to see and shouldn't see at that age especially children under 13 and I am not unsympathetic to that you weaken end to end encryption to do it and that's the debate because you can't say it's end to end encryption when one end can be sent to another person without yeah you know without the choice of the person sending the message yeah I also uh you know I I cannot imagine uh being a teenager uh in the age of social media and iPhones it was complicated enough before that um but I think there's also going to be some pretty complicated uh unintended effects when the parental notifications you know between 13 and 17 you know uh and technically they won't get it they'll get a warning about an image um but uh man the whole parental notification thing um for under 13 I'm less worried about it in between 13 and 17 they shouldn't happen but it seems uh it seems fraught yeah well it's never the intended use that's the problem right it's always the unintended use uh you may have noticed a few times I referred to an account that has been created uh saying it is a person younger than 13 I'm an abusive family member who creates the family account for everybody because I'm very controlling I can decide to call your account 13 and younger just so I can make sure I get those messages sent to me should they happen uh so they're there you know there's a whole conversations to be had about how the system could be abused that isn't a that isn't to me that's not a torpedo argument of therefore Apple shouldn't do it because any system could be abused and usually it's better to stop abusers than to take away tools from everybody else uh but that said it's it's not immaterial to the conversation it's it's it's worth balancing and considering whether in this case well maybe it isn't worth it because there's all these other implications to it as well yeah uh and Mike is asking a question in the chat that a lot of people are asking why now why now it to me is always kind of a you could always ask that about anything so to me it's not usually a terribly relevant question but Apple has answered it they said the reason we're doing this now is we couldn't guarantee the encryption worked well enough until now they they feel like they got the tech to the point that they could they could protect it at least that's what Apple said yeah um I also sense a lot of a lot of activity moving to different applications you know yeah and if you're saying how does this impact end to end encryption uh because one end is no longer uh protected from being forwarded without the permission of the user uh it's certain certain messages in this case are forwarded to parents without the permission of the user uh and you could say well that's worth it because it's a kid but it's that is no longer end end encryption at that point all right uh please send us your emails feedback at daily tech news show dot com there's not an easy answer to this uh I'm not coming out with a band hammer saying Apple's absolutely wrong uh I'm just saying so far I'm pretty uncomfortable uh with this maybe I can be brought around maybe you're the person to do it I think the answer to that comes in 10 years when we see what actually happened with the technology maybe where it ended up maybe nothing happens you more often than not that's the case yeah or maybe a bunch of nasty people are thought yeah maybe which would be good all right speaking of email we got one from Todd who said there was a discussion about the Olympic broadcasting system in tech and the next Olympic games in 2024 next Olympics are actually less than six months away in Beijing uh if you think of the winter Olympics we were talking about the summer Olympics in 2024 but you're right winter games coming in February 2022 in Beijing and Todd said the entire OBS control center will be disassembled as soon as the games in Tokyo are over and shipped right to Beijing to be reassembled uh Todd says we had the manager of the OBS sports commentator system on office hours yesterday and he mentioned this thank you Todd uh for passing that along good point like this this is uh we we got a small gap for that technology to get ported over this time also thanks to our brand new boss uh we listen man if you back us on patreon we appreciate it Brandon Boyer just started back at us thank you Brandon for backing us patreon.com slash dtns every single new patron uh is appreciated and thank you Patrick Norton you are also appreciated thanks for hanging out with us thanks for having me as always and as always if you want to track me down outside of dtns please look on twitter at Patrick Norton or go to avxl.com the home theater and audio podcast I host with Robert Herron so much conversation we are live monday through friday 4 30 p.m eastern 20 30 utc you can find out more about where win and all that daily tech news show dot com slash live back on monday with white cat entertainment's chris mancini talking about some tv tech uh so we will see you then this week's episodes of daily tech news show were created by the following people host producer and writer tom merit host producer and writer sarah lane executive producer and booker roger chang producer writer and host rich strothelina video producer and twitch producer joe coons associate producer anthony lambs spanish language host writer and producer dan compost news host writer and producer jen 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What's going on guys it's your boy dpj here today with another destiny video and in today's destiny video I want to discuss something I picked up on when going through the gaming form a recent feature of the taking King DLC And if you guys missed that I will link it in a video description Now they were talking about the new patrol area we get to explore that being a dreadnought now This place is going to be absolutely massive and if you haven't seen the map of the place I will show you guys on screen now.  The fact you can't use your sparrow. Yes, according to gaming former, which they state they found annoying at first You cannot actually use your sparrow on the dreadnought, but because the action is more compact They didn't feel it was an issue Something we will have to judge for ourselves when the taking King comes out now about the dreadnought They state which we have all heard from bunch of themselves that this place is going to have loads of hidden areas and new Places popping up to explore gaming former state this place is full of disappearing platforms I'm guessing like the ones we see in the vault of glass, but obviously on a different scale with more places to explore Gaming former also state that there is an exotic weapon Which has been broken down into 50 pieces and scattered around a dreadnought now This is going to be extremely exciting to piece together and it's a type of thing I love it really is it gives a reason to explore and find hidden things and I can almost Guarantee there are more than just parts to an exotic weapon hidden around a dreadnought So what is this exotic weapon gaming former talk about well to me? It makes sense that this is the sleeper simulant the heavy weapon fusion rifle Early images of this weapon were just of it in pieces and it's these pieces I believe are scattered around the dreadnought It's the exotic weapon most associated with the taking King at the moment And they haven't tried hiding this fact and this further gives up the sense of this weapon being one We can all work towards and achieve I just hope it isn't another fad just like how the murmur was even though that was not an exotic In an earlier feature of the taking King by gaming former they mentioned specific Activities in which we must do to obtain the sleeper simulant and I'll quote them right here A dedicated quest line of multiple missions must be complete in order to get the sleeper simulant The story of the weapon sees players tracking down ancient relics from humanity's golden age and returning them to Banshee These trigger and memory in the old gunsmith that opens up an odyssey to repair and reactivate the long forgotten weapon Along the way some puzzles may be hard for any one individual to figure out on their own Even the initial acquisition of the quest line comes from a clue you find hidden somewhere in the destiny universe I feel that the 50 pieces of this weapon that must be acquired from the dreadnought are a part of the quest line To obtain the sleeper simulant. I mean I could be wrong, but this is what I feel But none of this information has been confirmed factual by Banshee themselves So this weapon that is scattered across the dreadnought could be something else But at this point from what I've seen and heard I feel that it is the sleeper simulant But guys, what do you guys think let me know down below in that comments section. Are you guys looking forward? Are you hyped? Are you pumped for the taking King? Let me know. Thanks for stopping by as always Hope you guys enjoyed the video. Do drop a like. I do appreciate the support and please until next time PEACE


So here's a new camcorder here with Canon here, CS 2019. Hi, so who are you? Hi, my name is Drew McCallum, I'm a senior technical representative with Canon USA. So this is a very hockey-attensivated camera, right? It's the first time it's 4K, this family of camcorders. Correct, this is the G50, which you're probably familiar with, the G40 series. This is the first 4K model in the G series, it is a 4K 30p UHD. So and it's got a good stabilization system in there? It's a five-way optical image stabilization system on a 20x power lens. So how does it compare to the GX10, for example, the stabilization? Well, this is like I said, this is the basically the G40 type successor. So again, a 4K version of the G40. So because the sensor is not a one-inch sensor, right? No, much smaller, it's a 1 over 2.3, so this would be a smaller image sensor, but it is a little bit larger than the G40 sensor. So with this image quality will be a little bit better. So potentially compared to the XF405 and the GX10, potentially it can stabilize it better, because it's a smaller sensor. Wouldn't necessarily go that much now. All right, so dual SD card, did you do that in the previous generations also? In the G series, absolutely, dual record for relay or simultaneous recording. So that means you have safe backup of all your recordings, right? Correct. And the battery life is going to be good? Battery life is great, you can add the extended heavy battery if you want. And you can have the EVF if you'd like, so if you're working in a bright environment or even in a low-light environment, you have an EVF option to work with as well. And is the high quality in there? Very high resolution. And how about the display? Display? It's a capacitive nice touch. You can tap to focus on anything with dual pixel? Not dual pixel, no. Not dual pixel, no. So is it contrast based autofocus or something? Yeah, it's contrast based focus. All right, and what else are you talking about here on the wall? Do you say anything more about it? So as far as the 4K, there's your details. So Digic 6? Digic 6, the DV processor. Yep, Aplated aperture for good bokeh in the background. So the house of bokeh, even though it's a very small sensor, this is bokeh? Of course, even the rounded aperture blades give you a much better look in the background. And so here's 150 megabits 4K, 4K 30. 4K 30. There's no 4K 60 on this one? No. And there's no different bit rate options, right? It's just 150 megabits right here. And when it's available and how much it's going to cost? It'll be available in March for 1099. All right, so an affordable 4K camcorder? Correct. All right.


Mutual respect to me is a situation of where you understand or you take time to understand where that person is coming from before you speak and once you do that you hear what they're saying, you feel what they're saying and then you respond. I don't think anybody at the city can function in all the different departments without mutual respect. You know the city is all about relationships and if you don't have respect for people you know you're not gonna function well working with others so you know it's very important to have mutual respect. I expect myself and my employees to respect each other just as they would respect their families. Mutual respect to me is having respect for the other individual that you may not share the same values or the same opinions on things but having respect that their opinion matters no matter what their opinion is. I think it's important to treat all people with respect because you never know how they're you're going to actually impact them. A good example is I have a customer that I encountered about a year and a half ago and I've worked with her each month and recently she told me she's like do you know why I pay my bills on time? I said no she says because of you so she calls me every month when she's getting ready to pay her bill she said because you have worked with me you were so kind and I appreciate that. It's important to have mutual respect and and be able to work with the water department, police department, TPW, any parks and recs because there's we may need them for something they may need us for something. Mutual respect makes Fort Worth the most livable city because everyone deserves that and that is something that I take pride in and the people that I work with within the city of Fort Worth I think that's one of the top priorities and people feel welcomed and respected and acknowledged.