Welcome to Toffey TV, Michael Silver has been sacked even sacked yesterday. I did a live show, it was very good, it was my day. The dust has settled now, we know Duncan Ferguson is going to be in charge for the game against Chelsea, we've just watched his press conference. It was a very, very weird day, the way the whole thing happened. I thought Elon in the morning will find out he's been sacked and that'll be that.  It just seemed a weird settle. Yeah it was strange wasn't it? Obviously once the whistle went around field and you looked at beat man anyway didn't you? You could tell around field he looked, he looked like he knew, that was that. I think everybody was just waiting for that news really because enough is enough I suppose, the line isn't it? We're just being tramped by Liverpool, it was always going to be a difficult game but the way it was. And you're waiting for that. It's weird when you're such a manager because I don't really like such a manager because you want a period of stability, you don't want to have to worry about the manager but it was getting to the stage with Marco Silva where there's every press conference, every aftermath of that interview they were asking in my barrage position. And that's weird cos it's gone on all season almost like the third or fourth game onwards, you're under pressure and all that. So when it comes to the other night and he's done you're then thinking I'll be in an absence and you think it'll be tomorrow which was yesterday and we coming here around midday. So you know it'll probably be in a minute and then it goes on then but then you see everybody arriving at Finch Farms, Sheary, Sasha Ryan, Savv and all that can right. And then you think it won't be long then and then obviously we were getting little snippets from people so you know they're still here and nothing's happened and then it started being will it happen? You know the players left, nothing of that and then there was room as he was staying you know and eventually. The players apparently left believing that he would be in charge for the game against Chelsea apparently and then that made me wait I don't know maybe that's where he was came from. But he hadn't been told he'd been charged had he? No but he hadn't been told he was getting to that. I just found that all very very strange this year they had to meet with the players and apparently asked them if there was anything they needed you know in terms of getting better. Well I wonder if because I know he wasn't allowed in was he and Duncan wasn't in there and the coaching staff so I wonder if he did that. I say you know what can we do for you? What's going wrong? I wonder if he did that thinking a couple of players might go well don't mind I'm just not listening to try and get a little bit of clarity on it or he's doing what or this was happening or that you know what I mean? And if they've not really fed anything back to him because why would they really? Do you know what I mean unless like eight or nine of them? I wonder if he did it just thinking well if they might give me some information that I'm not privy to he's not here kind of thing and maybe because he didn't he might have just gone oh okay then like you know. That worries me more. That worries me more that the players I mean seeing the messages yesterday the players and today the players still behind them that's likely worries me more because there's anyway behind them on the pitch. But isn't that the thing though? Isn't it the thing that the majors be so comfortable with the whole thing that they don't feel like he's done anything majorly wrong? If you look at tight Liverpool game of the equation we haven't been whacked this season by anybody so we've lost a lot of games by the odd goal so we've been in most games and I suppose they might feel like and he probably felt like well if it goes the other way we'll win a lot of those games. It's not as if it was clear crystal clear under Cuman that they'd stop playing. It was crystal clear under Martinis even more so that they'd just threw the towel in. I don't think it was crystal clear I just think there was muddied messages. I think the other thing about it as well I don't think he gave up on the job had that. I think he was still working very very hard to accomplish what he wanted to accomplish. He just didn't know how to do that. He didn't know what the secret was. He tried something on Sunday and thought he'd tried again on Wednesday. The episode was the same what we've bought. Two conflicting performances. Two conflicting performances where players less than they seemed a little bit more settled but against Liverpool didn't know what they were coming over on the back side. Maybe the players were you know they enjoyed, they enjoyed. I didn't know they'd got to go to work six days a week and you know the training would come stiring and come boring. That's when players get bored. That's what essentially despised it. It just got bored and didn't want to put up with the methods anymore because they actually weren't leaving anymore. But if it's the same session for Gordon he felt like it was becoming better players and it was just marginal issues and the injuries and maybe they understood a bit more about the recruitment and who we missed out on and things like that. They probably had a lot of sympathy for him. I can understand that and this is why I'm not sitting here going on his fella. I haven't been like that at all. It's just been, for me it's just been, I just don't think it's as well as good enough. He's working hard. I think he's put everything into it. I really do. I'm not going to start telling tales. No one should hate him. Nobody. I just think that. And I don't think it's like one of those situations where people ask those to come out gone. He spends half of his time doing nothing or somebody even like you know might work it. I think he tried hard. I just don't think he was good enough. I've just done something for Premier League productions there and they showed his staff and they showed his win right for all three clubs at a baseball. They get really his poor, do you know what I mean?  He's come to Everton with a lot of fanfare and a lot of hype and a lot of issues behind it and that sort of, it became that thing for Everton that we always fall into that trap. It's of someone says you can't have something and as media as Everton, we want it then.  We're always like that as Everton. You don't want that play. You want that play. You can't have them. No we want them and we will fight them so we get them and we don't even care if we don't even want them but we want them. No, that makes sense. So a lot of hype surrounding them but I don't know, it's, it's, it's never, I don't ever feel that Michael Silver look comfortable at Everton and that might just be his natural demeanor and I've always said this. I just don't think he's ever looked comfortable being, he never looks like he's relaxed. He never looked like he enjoyed it. He never quite looked like he owned it. And I don't know whether that played a part and I really don't and this season even more so with losing his assistant manager which I don't know if people realise how important that is and how confident next year but I think, I think that being a big thing as well. Yeah, I mean, that fella's been with him, you know, Joe Pedro has been with him the whole way through as a manager so for him not to be there and then things aren't going.  It's clean sheets in the last 10 games, beating all the top six, you know, draw them at Liverpool and stuff, got to the end of the season. We were like, all right, well maybe we've come through that. He knows what he wants. He knows how he wants us to play. And I think I said to you early on, it looks like the whole thing started again. No, it's not continued. And you've said the other day, didn't you? The same thing. Now it looks like we've hit every nothing started again and that's because three big components are what were there at the end of the season. Now, the thing with Everton, I've seen Stan Collymor talk about Eddie Hall yesterday, saying he would be eating alive at Everton. He's not big enough as a personality to manage Everton. He said Everton's a massive club, big history and the fans. You've got to be at the front. He said Eddie Hall's not big enough. He said he wasn't, Michael Silver wasn't for him. So he said Everton needs a character. He needs someone who will. You spoke about it with Moise, throwing the cow down and all that. And that's one thing that makes me think with Moise. Well, at least he didn't like something that the fans are doing. He didn't have any issue. That's what I mean. All it ice did, but he done it all wrong, but he still did it. He still kind of went there and you knew he was the manager. Do you know what I mean? Even though you didn't like it, you knew he was the manager.  But he was strong enough as a person to stand up for that. He does it over there again. Did it early on and he still does it. He still puts his chest up. I think that's where he missed the trick with bringing in an assistant.  Whether it cooled over time, it doesn't matter. We didn't like the fella. And it wasn't like a case of, oh, we want Duncan to be an assistant or anything like that. We just didn't like that fella. I don't think he knew enough about him either, or I've had a relationship enough with him to make me that geld state of life. For me, and it's easier to say this in hindsight, maybe the fact going together as an assistant and having that face here in charge, he could have established that and gone, you know what, I'm not necessarily the character that these people want, but if I bring an assistant in, that is the character. It is the person who sometimes does press conferences or sometimes I'll let them in front of a microphone or whatever.  Even if it was just like they're actually on a reposition, just giving them a bit more responsibility. But I think someone a little bit more senior could have helped them a lot this scene. Reflected on the first scene, they've got where I've gone wrong, what do I need to do? What I need to do this, this and this, but you know, some of those things aren't in my character in terms of away from coaching or in the dressing room, calling players to decide being the buffer. I don't think that's where he got it wrong. He's a 42-year-old manager himself, and he was going for someone who had less experience. He should have gone for someone who had more experience, I could just go on to the side and say, you know what, I don't think you're doing it the right way. Someone to challenge him. Someone to actually challenge him and go, playing that wrong system, and I'm playing that system. How about this? Because you've seen with the players that obviously he's a good coach. They like him as a coach. They like his methods, like you said, but then you've got the two. You've got Matchday, and unfortunately for him, Matchday is all that matters evidently in the end, because that's what we see as fans. And that's what results determine. That's what your owners see. That's what your far-admissiery sees.  You're not surviving that, because you've lost them, unless you can go to Leicester and Win 3-Nil and go to Manfield and Win 3-Nil, and then people go, I'm going to say, we were a bit harsh. Football is like that. It's all fine, aren't you? And maybe if he would have been able to go and get Carlos Keros for arguing and saying, you know, he's a manager of the country, but he's an experienced Portuguese manager who's done stuff at clubs.  Maybe he would have fair, better decisions. Maybe they would have sat down together in the summer and gone. I've watched the bit of what you've done. You've lost him, maybe we need this cat. And someone to really, who he might have respected, whereas not saying he didn't respect Bow and Morty, because we just pick, but he might have thought I'm getting this young, hungry number two who's like the similar age and we know this, but who's played in the Premier League, but you need someone who's going to go, you're doing this all wrong. And I think I've seen Bow and Morty speak once, and that was when he, the day he signed, and he's gone quiet. And I know you don't want everyone in the background coming to the foreground, but I just, he didn't seem to do anything, you know. I think the other day, his personality, I think was the major problem. No, I loved his number two, Sammy Lee. Right? And I hated him as well at the same time, but he was up for it again. Every, I loved, no, I loved him because he hated referees. He was like that at the Ford official all the time. He was up, giving it a fast clap. He loved a fast clap, didn't he? But Bow and Morty, just sat there like that on the bench and you're like helping, supporting me, we're under pressure. He stood there looking lonely on the side, going helping, going saying, you know, and all that. And I just think. And you're right, I mean his personality hasn't helped him because, and he can't help the way he is. No. But I've said it before, and I'll say it again, the football club didn't help him. The football club should have struck the pressure off him, but instead put it on him by keeping him away from everything, by not doing enough.  But if he's like, if you get to know him a little bit and you go, I don't think it's just that though. I think, like I said just before, he never looks relaxed, he never looks relaxed anyway. He never looks relaxed amongst evertownians, you know, when we were in Switzerland and he's all running over to and getting pictures with them and he never looks relaxed, you know, you little crack of a smile as in, I'm terrified of you and all these people getting me away from them. He never, he just seems like someone who just, he wants to coach and he'll be all right in the same environment, but like you said before, Evan's not that environment. We want someone who embodies the club as the manager and you want that, I don't know, maybe if he had bonded and maybe if he had done a few interviews and stuff like that, but maybe he wouldn't have wanted to do. That would have only come from one place here. But if he'd done that, maybe he would have gone, oh, I've got these, I can relax, I can make a couple of these decisions because I know it's going to be all right. And you know, and relaxed, this is, you always felt like someone who was stopping on the way to somewhere else. And I felt like that for a long time, I remember going back to January and when I got beat by a mill wall and you speak to a couple of people, at least they haven't managed for the short time, they've felt long time. And that's no way to be as of, you know, it's like living out of a suitcase then, aren't you? You know, and I never felt like he was ever going to be able to manage. But I haven't felt like that for the last few, since boys went, I thought, Mark Ness was only here to try further and show him career, cum, and we definitely just wanted to put one foot here and step on us to get to the next thing. Don't you feel like, and again, it's not always dance moves, it's dancing the manager as well, but managers will always want to further the craze if they're not at the very top. But you can try and take a team to the top and some teams can only go so far. But I think if a manager puts it out there, you know, I mean, I mean he did say a few times, he did say, I want to be here for the stadium and all that, but it never actually felt like he committed to that. Never actually felt like he was relaxed, teaming, interviews, and he never opened up to fans, he never, you know, he never did what he did. Cumin was like, put a brick wall up and it was always like, what time am I going to be here too. He never, he wasn't like that, it just wasn't part of his personality.  I think that that would have been bad, because I think I could have looked at him and gone, we can't wheel him out to this event, he looks dead uncomfortable, instead of getting him comfortable, getting him meeting fans, getting him going to fans and shaking their hand and going, how are you? Like, I don't want to have had him in here, sat down, and for half an hour just had a chat. I can watch and think about this, what do you mean by that? Well, we nearly did. We nearly did. But then we lost another show. We nearly did, but we lost another. And just like, what do you think about this?  So that when you get him on camera, you can go, all the press, the written press have said, and see Paddy Boyle mentioning it, dead nice fella, away from the camera, dead nice fella, open. Catch you as the camera comes on. Like that. It's about breaking down that body, even if everyone don't what they did on the madness, with those where they got a load of the fans sites and stuff like that, in a room with them and just have a chat with them. I remember we used to sit down on the madness and we used to have a chat with them for 20 minutes before we started, or afterwards, have a chat afterwards. I remember when we went to see him the second time, we just had the baby, so I took him a card, and then I said to him, you do me a favour. I bought two cards, I bought one for him, and it was, it was me misses his birthday. And I went, do me a favour, can you just sign at the bottom of that, your name, I'll put everything in and he went, no he meant. He went, yeah, oh yeah, have a great birthday, Sam, from the best. It looked like he didn't just scribble on it, what is it? And then I remember, it was not long after we just started. He didn't do a video for us, he was watching toffy TV and he went, yeah, yeah, no worry. And people were asking him for different things, and he got very comfortable. And we'd seen him a couple of times after with that, and he knew me name, he was always very good at that. And it was just all, whether you like madness or not, it was just all a different person. And like I said, as a manager, he was great, but as a fella, he was absolutely fantastic, lovely fella. The point being is I'm not saying silver isn't that person. No, no, we never got to see that because the body was never broken down. When he'd come in at the mat first coming in, and we were like, aww, jesus Christ. Where were we, Barry? Barry. We were at Barry and the former media. That was the problem then. Of everything. So we had press credentials, and rarely we should have been by right allowed to speak to him that night. But the person in charge was allowed all the, you know, a couple of favourites. And then he brought them over to us and said, Marco, Marco, this is Peddon Bars and he's with me. And then walked away instead of letting us have a conversation with him for five minutes. And it was a little... That's all right for you. It was like, yeah, it's that note. Maybe we're a media organisation, we need an interview with him. Ninety seconds. But it was little things like that. But you're just like, he's the new manager. We can get across that. He's a dead sound fella. I like this fella. I'm willing to give this fella time. Just had a chat with us. No, it was just like... And he was just like getting pulled around. Yeah. No, no. That's what I'm saying about the club. They need to learn from that. Do you think... And this is meant in a, you know, do you think without being like prejudice of forum managers, do you think it's harder for us as editorians if it isn't an English manager? Not English, but like a bit... Let me qualify by that. Just be from the way they get the points across. Is... What matters was very good. I think him and Emery suffered the same fate. And it's because Emery's English wasn't great. But he tried to come in and he tried to throw it in. And he tried to speak English. Couldn't get across what he wanted to say. So therefore he never said what he wanted to say. And I think he's exactly the same. He could never ever get across what he wanted to say. Right? In the way he wanted to say it. In the way he wanted to say it so he didn't say it. And therefore everything he said was very formal there. So he couldn't articulate what he wanted to say. Whereas a bit in winter Portugal, and he had done a press conference, he would be... Totally different. Totally different and he can crack jokes and he can say this and he can say that. He couldn't... Language. Not the language as such. Listen, you could speak English really perfectly fine. It's just having that conversation where you can get across what you want to do. Getting your personality across. That's what I'm talking about. Not what you're saying. I can take Mark out. Cultural differences. 433. And he could tell me about 433 in English. But would he relax in the way that he would in Portugal? Cultural differences. It's just that's what it comes down to. Emery will go back to Spain and will sit down and... You know, you've seen this already. I've seen interviews with Emery. I've seen interviews with him. I've seen Bradle's doing interviews in Dutch. Where it's very relaxed, very open. They say what they want to say. You get it across and there aren't any issues. It doesn't get... They all lost their translation. It doesn't get twisted. It doesn't... And this is maybe again why... Listen, we've said this from the start. It's not a fact as such. But saying the elements of the media in this country, the panellists and all that, such as that, I've added in from some day one since he joined home. The P.I. Paul Mason. Who is this fellow? He's done. Why aren't we employing a British manager? He's done not what his track record. Then he comes to us, replacing one of their mates, Sam Allardyde. Then Talksport have got in him for him every day. Sam Allardyde's a Sydney and they're going, Sam, have it loose again. And he's like, well, wouldn't have lost on the me, would he? Or, oh, he fan this and this and that. So he couldn't get away. The two major broadcasting people in this country. Sky for TV, Talksport for the radio. Adding in from straight away. Don't forget, Allardyde, to dress that when he took over. If you remember, in our second press conference, as manager, they asked him about Michael Silver, because obviously Edith had gone for Silver and didn't get him when he started laughing. I meant, what's he ever done? You know, it's not my concern, but I've had 30 years in England and all that. So we added in for him then, then Silver replaced him. So he doubly added in for him then, because he felt like he saw this fella's being lach. Allardyde was quite clever, because he never actually ever put the knife in. No, no. He just set it up. He just highlighted it. And again, it's all these things that have come back, but listen ultimately, the problem with them is is in-game management was horrendous. In-game management was really, really poor. Do you think he understood? Do you think he understood? He understood might be the right way, but just how soft the Premier League is and what I mean by that is, might he be in Portugal? He'd have got time to bed a team van, and if you get a certain set up, most of the time you'll win games. You might beat the top three or four, but everyone else has dros in those leagues. If you've got a certain level, you can beat them all. And that buys you all that time to build and build and build where he's in England.  There's no easy game. I was going to mention someone there at Brighton, Graham Potter. I said, I'm not saying he's doing an amazing job, but you've got someone like Graham Potter there who's kicked into Brighton's day, but I've had renders last season, and yet he's gone there and gave them, and I'm not. It could just be what it is right now, but he's changed the culture, and he's changed it quite quickly. I've seen Brendan Rodgers go into Leicester. We've even seen Steve Bruce go into Newcastle and things faster than what he changed at Evan. I think now that comes down to getting across on the training pitch or on a match day what you want. The amount of times that Evan would you to make a sub, and you've got people on the sidelines as they're getting stiff, getting told all these messages, is I'm not putting that back to him. And the opposition has scored. Or the opposition adored he scored. He was so reactionary, or he couldn't get his message over to the subs, or he wasn't allowing other people who could get that message across to the subs. Little things like that. You say it don't you with some of the training ground managers where they set the team up perfectly, and if it goes to plant, it's great. And you go brilliant that. But the minute the plant changes within a game, they just don't know how to react. And I think maybe, maybe that's what it was. I think that's what it was at everyone's side. He was a good coach, a great coach, and he loved them for it. And you're going to think that way, that way, that way for us, that's what we're talking about. As fans, we don't have that, we never have that relationship, but players have that relationship because every day they go on to training and it's great, and it's different every day and there's no boring monotony, and they enjoy it. That's the fact they enjoy it. They're going to keep giving them time or wanting to have time because they're thinking, hang on, the next one might come in. And he might be horrendous, he might have us doing doggies. But you know what? That's exactly what they might need to do. Because number one, the team don't look fit to me. They don't look fit.  Now number one, Liverpool are a better team. But they shouldn't be able to outrun you. For a team, the first thing you should be saying is no one should be legging you. Maybe that's again, maybe it was too nice. That's what I'm saying, too comfortable. In terms of what we need now, we've gone, obviously Duncan's in charge for the game. And that's great. Duncan Ferguson, manager of evidence. He's got a lovely ring to it. But we know that it's only 10 things. I think a part of it is, no matter what anyone thinks. It's one game and who else would you have given it to? There wasn't enough time to bring in a manager and say, you set the team up. He's literally had one day to day. Or he's going to do, he knows the place he's going to do go in and do the job for 24 hours. He's got Franny Jeffers with him. He's got a lot of people in Alun Kelly and he's tomorrow to day. He's just keeping it ticking over. He'll make a couple of changes and shelter what he believes. But going forward, we need, we do need, we need someone who can front everything up. Don't we? We need a character, we need someone who applies a weary of, I think, because, I think the problem with professional football is I think he said one of the other things we've done that, if you give them, you give them an inch, they'll take a mile. And if you, unfortunately for us. That's what the problem was. He allowed them to make decisions. He allowed their family to come in every day later and he never got a grip on it. Then Cumin did get a grip on it and you've seen how it fell away. A lot of bombings. But he was too abrasive. Maybe he was too far one way. You need someone in the middle. Unfortunately, those managers tend to go to teams that are at the top of the league. They find that. Maybe he would spare his reputation if it went too far, but that's something that they said they loved. They wanted to be pushed, they wanted to be challenged. Who's willing? Who wants to? But your top players don't need most of it to do it because they want to do it. But maybe it's the act, it's just selling that. Do you want a match? If you want a club that will look round and go, why are we being pushed? It's the old Roy Keeman when he went to the World Cup in Faradon. It's like I have standards and as a manager I reach my standards. So what is the point? And you'll get some players who are like this is Sam and that's what's going on when he went to talk to me and said I'm going in. Push all you. And someone went, that's what we want. Because that's how it's going to be. We're not going to become better players every day. I think Samuel Leto had that issue when he was in the market. He won, he had certain standards and he was seeing that those standards were miles below. And it's about and I'm not saying I've got those players, I'm really not. But who's to say someone like Dean isn't sitting there going I've come from Barcelona okay I wasn't in the first team but the standards were driving me on to be in the first team. And maybe last season when we've seen the best of Dean they were there but this season he's dropped off. And he's dropped off because of it. Because it's almost like well I want to do the extra thing, I want to do the extra training and I want to do this and that we're not getting that all the time. So that's the difficult part though because they're the best managers and it's whether you can unearth one on the way up who tried to do to be fair with silver or you can prize one away and that's the difficult thing. We're getting linked with names at the moment Pochettino and Shalotti Eddie Hall Obviously Dean of Moise is still in there There's Raffers in there Perair there is The guy I wanted to replace Moise funny enough but I think that's fast ship sale doesn't it and I think he's been to enough clubs but he's got a crack on his agency but it just shows just very quickly that the likes are brightening and you can get organised in this division just basic organisation you've got a new castle Bruce is done, he's organised in a bit he's gone back to what Benitez had and he's been organised and he's just picking points He said I've just gone back to what I've probably had a chat with a couple of senior players on what was he doing He started the season looking like he'd be going down and then he's gone back to being solid and because they know that in general it's all chef United have done So if Everton can do that But I'm saying if Everton could get organised and just have a way of playing there's enough quality that he would win most of a lot of games Wolves are like that as well That's where it starts I'm going to go up this They're very hard-working they're a tight ship and then they say to the players at the other end grab us and win the games and that's what generally was based on that It's gone a little bit looser now Man City was the same Don't concede goals They've seen the problems being the defence has gone essentially to the conceding goals but the basis should be Don't concede goals and be organised and we build from that Probably with Everton we always seem to do it the wrong way but we don't because we haven't got strikeers But there's enough goals in the team if you're organised win games 1-0 or win games 2-1 and we try to get 4s and with Dairon it because we don't even score that many but we try to But don't lose games of football Start picking up points and it makes a massive difference You're Sheffield is united Wolves have won five games Wolves are in your the European places as well as being in your It's not difficult to climb this league You just have to avoid losing games and add a win every three games and you'll find yourself up there that's what we've got to do now stop losing games it does sound stupid but there's been opportunities to just see games out Lester, Brighton their games we should have just Norwich Norwich we were completely terrible Yeah we were terrible but we should have been at least able to take a point around the Norwich of me There's games where you think just get a point from another game don't lose today but don't we're all over the place born of the way just expectacly but that falls to bits in like two minutes that's our problem and we need to just get that stability that's been our problem for four years getting the stability but that's why for me it's only a Satan type of man Who's it going to be for you? I've been consistent on this What about Moise? Moise keeps coming and going I'm not overly against it I'm not against it I can understand why people are against it I am just generally as a patient pragmatic Everton have worn me down to a point where that's the way I look at things when it comes to heaven but I think pragmatism is not the way because the way the league sets up a bit of pragmatism gets you a long way and you've got a little bit of class which we claim to have and then you build on that I keep on saying Everton, unlike Branley Moore is built on sand so it's difficult to ever get anyway Martin has been built on sand because he had all the foundations he decided to rip them up not even sand with jelly Moise was built on stone but it was not you only got so far on the building That's the point The irony is now we've got the money to get to the next level The proof was in the carcass we had the diamond that went on the top we had the star at the top of the Christmas tree we had everything but we didn't have any grounding we had no foundations so we could score 25 goals it didn't get you anything because you didn't have the base and at the moment we haven't got the base the middle order top we haven't got anything at the moment because you've got to have confidence that you can win games and football and at the moment we don't we always look suspect we always look like we're going to concede a goal if we go behind there's no way we're going to come back because it's reckoned with atrocious but that's a reset now isn't it people have got to go right we've got Chelsea at home new manager if we go behind that's something that runs through the club the people at the top of the lad that's a weapon though so I can't honestly sit here and say it's going to be alright people at the club have got to say we've got to get this sorted stop messing about stop having him in him in him making all the decisions put us all in different parts say what's going to happen from now on and decide and it's going to be the person at the top makes the final say and signs the check the fellow we make actually makes the decision is Marcel Brands or whatever and then the person below him is the manager and it's a straight because at the moment it's not straight at the moment it goes one day it might go that way because someone wants this and someone wants that it can only there's got to be a chain of command and really Marcel Brands should be the man who makes the decisions and Michelle signs off well apparently he is driving the bus so whoever comes in will be there'll be none of this will Brands didn't want him but Ken Knight did or Brands didn't want him but Michelle he did it'll be with Brands this thing so whoever comes in we know that Brands is behind him as well so but then Brands has got to start doing this job for not getting a centre backing and ok the government thing was unfortunate but what's frustrating is the act of government if they could have got to the core ideal over the line and he wanted to come if they could have got in but it would have done whatever happens it'll be interesting to see what happens in January as well you've said permanent manager I had someone yesterday when we did the show permanent manager could mean just someone to the end of the season but they're the permanent manager the permanent manager we called them an interim because they shine a contract and they're the permanent manager don't confuse them with Katie or the interim because he's here for one year because there's no determined length when he has this job I'm glad that they're taking a couple of days but it can't go past them on United it can't go past them on United again it can't unless she beats Chelsea and beats United let's just see how we get on against that no we can't have that there's got to be a plan it's done confusions ever to be the manager of every football family it has to be on absolutes not on the olig on the soul sky of management appointment it has to be on absolutes of course you have to be convinced that he's the right man of his the right man fine, name him if he's not get who you want but what it'll do is it buys us a few extra days to work it out doesn't it it's done it's done let us know what you think should be the next ever manager it doesn't matter what you think it should be Pochettino or you think it should be anyhow let us know in the comments I mean it should never be head it off let's get it on it's done it's done it's done it should never be head it off one win and ten it's not even that like you said before he would be eating but even just very quickly just this record 9th, 12th, 14th so he's the creation same thing again though, same kind of manager we again shall dance on whatford let us know your thoughts in the comments who would you want the bell for the list so you know exactly when the next ever manager is getting sacked all and all so check out the Duncan Fergus interview even the coaching bit because he is the manager you'll find out what he's all about make sure you check that out and if you haven't joined us on Peyton if you want more videos join us over there all the links in the description thanks for watching, see you later


in Lp plus norm of u in Lp. But this is one, this is zero. So we know that this is bounded by a constant c. Well, let me take in fact here L plus one p's and I would have here w one p, but this doesn't change the argument. So again, we have a bound by a constant. But now I know that because of the compactness of the embeddings of some of the spaces, I know that the sequence u n viewed as a sequence in w k p is compact. That is, there is a convergent subsequence. Subsequence, I will still denote this by u n and this converges strongly into some u infinity in w Lp. So that what I meant is L. Right, but our operator is a bounded one, so we can apply L to, so L u n converges to L u infinity. This is zero, so u infinity is again in the kernel of L, which means that the sphere, the unit sphere in this space L is compact and you know very well that if you take the unit sphere in a vector space and it happens to be compact, then this vector space is finite dimensional. So this is how the proof works and what you see, what we used in the proof was soberly embedding theorems and elliptic estimates and that's what is essential about elliptic operators. Okay, are there any questions to that? Yes? We didn't need to, it was just convenient for me to start because we can, in the setting I described, we can apply L to functions in W Lp only on K plus Lp. So here I took K equals zero or K equals one to be more precise, but sort of as I described this, the differentiability order here must be bigger than L. In fact, this is really not important. We could have started here with any differentiability degree, for instance, zero, but you would need to know how to deal in this case. By the way, this elliptic estimate is still valid in this case when K is sort of negative, but you need to know how to define the norm for negative Ks. It can be done. So one more useful generalization of the notions we consider so far is the notion of an elliptic complex. So what we have is, we have a complex and that is we consider sections of some bundle, say E1 into maps, say a map L1 from sections of E1 into sections of E2, say L2 in gamma E3, and so on. So let me take a finite complex for simplicity, that is gamma EK, so here is LK minus one, then zero. So assume this is, let it be two star as a complex. In the usual sense, that is when we take L1 and L2, we have zero, well for any sequence of two maps, you know. So it assumes that this is a complex, then this is called elliptic, so two stars as elliptic, if the sequence of symbols, that is what we have is pi star E1, pi star E2, pi star E3, and so on, so pi star EK, and we have maps here, so sigma L1, sigma L2, sigma L3, and so on. If this sequence of symbols is exact. Right, in particular for a very short complex, if you have just pi star E to pi star F, so the exactness of this sequence means exactly that the symbol of the operator L is invertible, that is the operator L itself is elliptic. Now since we have a complex, we can define its homology groups, so we have Hj of, well let me skip the notation, so this is just the kernel of say Lj divided by the image of Lj minus one, so this is J's homology of two star. Now what I will also need is the notion of the formal adjoint, so Lj star, this is a formal adjoint of Lj, which means simply that if I take L2 scalar product of Lj S with any section T in L2, this is simply S Lj star T, again in L2, and so you can prove that for any differential operator there is a formal adjoint operator and this is again a differential operator of the same order, and this notion at hand, we can define the corresponding Laplacian, delta J is Lj star Lj plus Lj minus one star Lj minus one. So that's if we are here in the complex, what we do, we go by L2 in here, say, and then we take the adjoint in here, and also in the other direction, so we go first here and then here, and the sum of these operators is just delta J, and an easy exercise is to show that this is an elliptic operator, whenever our complex two star is an elliptic complex. So this is a simple exercise in Dini algebra, so let me denote by Hj, the kernel of delta J, yeah, mm-hmm, thank you. So for J minus one, you have to go first in this direction, then take Lj, J minus one. So these are called harmonic sections, and the main theorem is if M is compact, our complex is elliptic, then the following holds. So first of all, the space of harmonic sections is finite dimensional. Secondly, S is a harmonic section, if and only if Lj of S is zero, and Lj minus one, star of S is zero, and the set claim and the main one is that we have a natural map from the space of harmonic maps into the J's cohomology group of the complex, since whenever we have a harmonic section, it is sort of closed, so we can take its cohomology class, so S is mapped simply to the cohomology class of S, and the claim is that this is an isomorphism. So the proof of this theorem is not really hard. I gave a proof in my notes, so if you're interested, take a look, but this is really sort of an elementary computation, computation was what we have done so far. Let me actually give you an interpretation of this fact. So what we have done is the following. So let me say maybe linear gauge theory. What we have is we have a manifold C, which is, let us take this to be C infinity Ej. This is our manifold. So the notation suggests that I refer to what we had in the very first lecture, and we have a group G, which acts on this manifold. This is now C infinity Ej minus one, and the action is whenever you have S and G, you can send this to S plus Lj minus one of G. So here clearly S is an element in here, and G is an element in here. So we have an infinite dimensional manifold and an infinite dimensional group, and the group acts on this manifold. So we can write, we can ask, and we also have a map Lj from C into V, C into V, and V is just taken to be C infinity Ej plus one, viewed as a trivial G representation. In particular, any point here is a fixed point of the action, but I can take, say, the origin here, and I can consider the modular space. So I can take Lj inverse of zero, and I can divide this by the gauge group, and what you immediately realize what we have here is a J's cohomology group of the complex just by definition, and this is our modular space. Now, because everything is linear, we know that this is a vector space, so the only invariance that we have is the dimension of this space, and so I could define Pj, be the dimension of Hj. So let me consider one, perhaps, more concrete example where we take the drum complex. So here is an example. So what we have, we have a manifold, say compact manifold oriented, so oriented, Romanian, and we have the drum complex that is in omega zero M and omega one M and so on. Now, what we know is that this is an elliptic complex, and so by what we have done so far, we know that the J's cohomology group of this complex is finite dimensional, and as we have defined, Pj is the dimension of the J's cohomology group. This is our invariant. So of course, we know that this complex, so the cohomology groups here, Hj, are just the RAM cohomology groups, and Pj is just the J's petty number. But just by the way, an interesting invariant of a topological manifold, as you all surely know, and this is what happens more or less generally if you have a linear elliptic complex, the invariants that you can get are topological invariants of your manifold. So this is not quite what we are looking for in gauge theory. We are looking for somewhat more interesting invariants, but this requires a non-linear version of the theory. So what we will do in the next lecture will be an abstract setup for non-linear frithole maps, and then we will go to the cyberquit in gauge theory. Okay, so that's all I wanted to tell you today. Are there any questions? All right, then. See you tomorrow.


Good morning countrymen and women, and good morning those who are watching us from beyond the borders of Zambia. I really don't even know how to start and say this, but let me sum up in this way that I am extremely disappointed. Extremely disappointed, hurt, and I feel let down by the statement of the police spokesperson, Madame Mwata Katongo. Mwata Katongo, Inspector General of Police Kanganja, and the entire leadership at the Minister of Home Affairs. I plead and beg with you to start respecting the people of Zambia. You cannot exist in those offices if there are no people of Zambia, if there are no citizens. And the role of the police, the Minister of Home Affairs is to guard life and property, and not to kill with impunity. I hoped that when the President asked the Minister of Home Affairs, the Inspector General of Police to give a report, what we expected was the Ministry through the police to tell us who pulled the trigger, and what action was going to be taken against such individuals or such an individual. To my surprise, police have issued a very arrogant and intimidating threatening statement without regard to the fact that life was lost. Without regard to the fact that, to the feeling of the people, relatives of those two deceased colleagues. This is extremely very bad. This is extremely... How surely can police continue just fine the killings? Extrajudicial killings are not allowed anywhere in the world. In fact, extrajudicial killings call for people to be charged for murder and to be taken to court. But here we are, the police who are supposed to be protecting life and property want to continue just fine the killing of innocent people. By the way, a statement of that nature coming from the police where death is involved should be checked by the Minister himself and the Permanent Secretary. I am asking my younger brother, Honorable Campion, the P.S. Doctor, is it period? Really, did you read that statement through and authorize it to be published? If indeed you read through that statement and authorize this publishing, then I must say outrightly that we have no leadership at the Minister of Home Affairs. And please, President Edgar Rungu, take action. Under the circumstances with this intimidating arrogant statement that was issued by Muatakatongo, surely there must be changes made at the Minister of Home Affairs leadership. We expect Muatakatongo himself and a boss and those in the public relations department of the police to all resign on moral grounds. Colleagues, you don't dare the people. More especially when life has been lost. It is a time of reflection, being sorry for the action. But for you to continue saying police will not fold hands and see lawlessness. What lawlessness was exhibited there? Tell me what lawlessness was exhibited there. Those UPND cadres went to give solidarity and they were far away from police headquarters. They were actually at the roundabout of the High Court of Zambia. They were not insulting. They had no stones with them. They just sat to wait while their leader was being interrogated. And by the way, PF Campiongo and others in PF, search your souls. Search your souls. Maybe you were not there when we started PF and that's why you want to destroy this PF with impunity by being careless in the way you act. Ask us who were there from the first day of PF. There's never been a time in the history of PF where Mr. Sata was summoned by the police and you went alone. Never. Go into the history books. There's never been and I want to repeat. There was never a time that Mr. Sata was summoned by the police, by DEC or any law enforcement agents including going to court that he went alone. He always went with the cadres to give solidarity and support. Nobody was killed. The MMD government then never even bothered about the cadres. Never issued threats before the actual date to say Mr. Sata has been called alone. He should report alone and anybody who's going to come with him, we shall take maximum force. Never. But why do you want to do it to others? You know, you may think that you are acting intelligently, but you are destroying PF. The statement by Muataka Katongo yesterday even posted on smart egos leaves much to be desired. Colleagues in government stop destroying PF with your actions. Stop destroying Zambia. Stop destroying the opposition. I can rest assured you are destroying yourselves. At the rate at which you are going, the statements that you are issuing, your actions, you are actually destroying that PF. And sooner or later you will regret your actions. When the president said I want to report, we were more excited and said, yes, now, yes, the president is providing leadership. And what we expected yesterday on news was to tell us that police have finished their investigations. The policeman who put the trigger has been identified and he is going to be charged with murder and the rest will be done at court. But to be met with another arrogant and intimidating statement leaves much to be desired. I beg with you, your excellence, the president, Dr. Edgar Chabwa Lung. Take charge, my brother. Take charge and let these people, your ministers, the police do the right thing. Otherwise, the back stops and ends with you, starts and ends with you. This statement by the police must be condemned by all well-meaning Zambians. Offering solidarities to a leader is part of the political dispensation. Why do you as PF, when the president is going out of the country, you send buses in all compounds to go to the airport to see off the president? Isn't that political solidarity? When the president is coming to the copper belt, the entire executive of the copper belt ferry people from all districts on buses to go and receive the president at the airport. That is political solidarity. Why do you want to do it and others not to do it? Not long ago, we saw entirely, in Tewewe, with a few organized students, perceived to be students, which I doubt that they were students, in t-shirts matching on independence avenue going to state house to present a petition. Where was police to stop them? We have seen PF cadres more often than not just go and demonstrate over things, solidarity over things, none of them is short, none of them is stopped. Why do you want to tell us the rhetoric of the Public Order Act? Do you even know the Public Order Act? Do you even understand the Public Order Act? Tell me in the Public Order Act where it says police must give permission. Police must be notified. Police must be notified within seven days. But when a leader is called out, say he's called within three days, how can you meet the seven days? People just come, peacefully, to come and understand how the leader is. I've been through that. I've been through that myself. We've been through that with Mr. Sata. That is why we are wondering whether you people in the PF were really there when we started PF, which you are destroying. Please leave Democrats to thrallish. Leave Democrats to thrallish. You are going to leave a very bad legacy as leaders in PF today that you destroy. Democrats and all democratic institutions.  Even to allow this statement, why do you learn that I'm wrong? Now, man, I know I'm not a ife, we know. Go and publish it. Minister of Home Affairs, you go and allow that statement. I'm requesting President Ed Galungu to read that statement. Read and really think about it. Whether that statement is worth being given, going by your instruction that you needed a report, that my brother is not a report. That is an arrogant and intimidating statement to the people. Issued by a person who is unreasonable, who doesn't think, who has no respect for the dead, who has no respect for the rule of law. That's what Muataka Katonga and Kanganja have done. But with the approval of the Minister of Home Affairs, because I know I was in government. There is no such a statement. Sensitive statement can be written and be put into the government. Sensitive statement can be written and be put on what is this? Smart egos without the authority of the Minister. Muataka Katonga, Muataka Katonga, Tua Fumakumon, please think about these issues. Think about the statement. There were Ministers of Home Affairs before, and there have always been Ministers of Home Affairs before. Don't leave a bad legacy.  Because if you think too, fear the quarter, there are consequences. Everybody will be a Kampiungo. They will just be saying, ah, we should have Tumpidesan. Ah, we should have Tumpidesan. Don't look at your present enjoyments or what you are enjoying today. But you must know that there is posterity. In conclusion, let me say that, one, we need a retract. We need, the police need to retract that statement and apologize to the people of Zambia. Secondly, whoever was involved in the crafting and issuing of that statement, approving of that statement, must also resign on moral grounds. When life is lost, we must not look at political affiliation or otherwise. We must look at the law. What does the law say? What are the enjoyments of rights of its citizens? You, you want to be given solidarity. You want others not to be given. And my sister won't be pity. Won't be pity, my sister. Please, before you issue certain statements. How can you, my sister be saying, if people want solidarity, what are they going to do? What do you want? You have any idea if you want peace, it would be cheap. I can't believe it. What happened to the teachers? Can you understand? It's for the sake of people seeing that we are Catholics. And as Catholics, we are taught to respect life and to be reasonable in our discourse. I'm not saying this with impunity, my friend, but just to advise you that your statement is wrong. Political parties are not individualized. And when you call a political leader of a big political party, that's an institution. And there is no way a leader can go alone is good followers. That you must understand. The job of the police was just to keep vigil and make sure that the cadres were calm. Let them sing their political songs. Look at South Africa. I gave you an example last week. Zuma, ex-president, up to now when he goes to court, he goes with a lot of cadres for solidarity. When he's caught by the police, he caught, have you ever heard where they have been dispensed by life ammunition or even water cannons or anything? Because in that country, they respect the rule of law. Be a Catholic for who you have been. Be a mother. Stop being careless. And I expect that Godfried Zumaili will condemn this statement by the police if you are a woman of God. If truly you are a Christian, condemn this statement by Kanganjandi Muatakatong. This is not right. This is not right. The Bible says, why do you look at the speck in your brother's eye and leave the plank in your own eye? Jesus himself said, do unto others what you want others to do unto you. It was okay for PF and Mr. Satter to go with people to the police in solidarity. It is okay that when the president is leaving, PF ferries cadres to the airport for solidarity. And if you look at the behavior of cadres when they are going to the airport, it leaves much to be desired. Police are quiet about this action. Police are quiet about this behavior of cadres. But innocent, person like Nsaman Sama, politically not inclined, killed by carelessness of police. There is no justification on earth for extrajudicial killings. There is only one killing that is allowed. One must be taken to court when he is sentenced to death. And by the way, Zambia for the past 20 years has never signed any order to execute, because that is how Zambia has respected life. The other time Dorasilia said, it's better to kill one or two than allow anarchy. People are shot by police during the gassing incidences. Not even one police officer has been indicted.  Here in Zambia it has become a norm. It has become normal for police to be killing people, extrajudicial killings. And we think that is correct.  God bless Zambia.


Well let's talk business. Now the central bank of Nigeria and the assets management company of Nigeria, Amkan have announced the completion of the sale of shares in Polaris Bank to strategic capital investment limited SEIL. The CBN in the press release and its website claims that SEIL has paid the upfront of 50 billion Naira and in accepting the terms will we pay fully the sum of 1.305 trillion Naira being the consideration burnt injected by the CBN. Whilst the bank was sold for 50 billion Naira the repayment of 1.3 billion or trillion rather means the bank will have to pay Polaris Bank about 52 billion Naira a year and redeeming the bond to raise by Amkan. For the bank to repay the loans they will have to generate profits in excess of 60 billion Naira.


There are many theories which orbit the Apollo space missions. However, apart from the obvious moon hoax claims, there are many other baffling tales surrounding these missions. Surrounding not only a proof to the validity of the programs, but also a seemingly transparent approach to presumably many, although we would never believe all, of the anomalies that the American Space Agency encountered during those incredibly expensive, yet highly successful missions. Watched by nearly everyone spinning around on our small globe, one very few lucky enough to travel away from like to call the Blue Marble. There are many unexplained images that have been snapped of the moon by NASA. Some claimed as showing nothing like that of the famous pyramid we have covered in the past, seemingly rediscovered on an image once claimed by NASA as an overexposed image. Yet there are many other anomalies and objects NASA neither confirm nor deny the existence of, yet still release said images to the world. They do not deny and equally accept that many they cannot explain. The Shard This image is a 44-time enlargement of a lunar orbiter frame coded LO-384M. Taken with the medium-resolution camera at a distance of at least 250 miles, it shows an object dubbed by Richard Hoagland as the Shard. Interestingly, although some have dismissed the object as a simple camera malfunction, the Shard also possesses a shadow correctly aligned with the position of Saul at that time. According to Hoagland, quote, poor resolution images like this one of the Shard have led some to conclude it is an ephemeral outgassing event. However, the Enterprise mission enhancements reveal no spray or splatter which would be consistent with such a conclusion. He goes on to state, the object appears to be solid, though badly battered by meteors, end quote. Above and behind the Shard is the Tower, another among this collection of mystifying images of apparent lunar objects. The Tower has been researched and studied by many people since its discovery among NASA's images. A massive structure calculated as being an incredible 7 miles high, this estimation clearly makes any consideration that the Tower is indeed a real structural anomaly, soaring from the lunar surface a tough pill to swallow. Yet the images remain an incredibly difficult thing to explain, and the Tower's cuboid feature atop just adds to this ongoing mystery, yet one of deep intrigue, is the mystery of Castle. The name given to an object captured by the Apollo 10 astronauts during the Moon orbit mission codenamed AS-10-32-48-22. It is of a one-mile-long object, floating miles above the lunar surface, like a satellite to our satellite, that even more amazingly is possibly like that of what makes Saturn's rings, that being ice crystals of pure water, is apparently, according to future enhanced image study, also made from a material alike glittering glass. Apart from the reports of strange music being heard on the far side of the Moon, a claim few will ever be able to confirm the truth of. This extraordinary object is something very few know of, and even less have studied. Unless more attention is given to such incredible anomalies, one's witnessed by us already and so relatively close to our little home, we may never know what they are. They are undoubtedly highly compelling. Last month, a milestone was reached regarding astronomical observation. For the first time in known human history, we have successfully spotted and identified an object which has traveled to our solar system from interstellar space. However, this object is of a most peculiar shape, and additionally, it displays some rather particular characteristics. A cigar-shaped object, which is about 1200 feet in length, it is such a strange object in fact, SETI. The search for extraterrestrial intelligence project has officially declared that they are planning on using their enormous satellites to scan the object to see if it is a quote alien probe. Scientists initially thought it was a comet, but it was later reclassified as a possible alien probe and named Oumuamua. Researchers from the SETI project's wing, Breakthrough Listen, are planning on listening in on the asteroid in the very near future using their Green Bank radio telescope in West Virginia. A statement from the team read as follows. Researchers working on a long-distance space transportation have previously suggested that the cigar or needle shape is the most likely of architectural design for interstellar spacecraft, since this would minimize friction and damage from interstellar gas and dust. On the 19th of October 2017, the PAN STARS-1 telescope in Hawaii picked up a faint point of light. Scientists soon realized that its orbit shows that it had come from interstellar space. Now believing that it has been traveling through space for millions of years. Astronomers suggest that Oumuamua is dense, constructed with a high-metal content, lacking any significant amounts of water or ice, and its surface is now dark and reddened due to the effects of radiation from cosmic rays. Could we really be on the brink of actually discovering an alien probe? A probe millions of years old and possibly far more advanced than we are now? The implications are clearly profound. We have in the past covered the intriguing anomaly which was spotted upon an asteroid known as Itakawa. The asteroid conveniently chosen as the target for the first-ever satellite mission since its launch on the 9th of March 2003, the probe explorer Hayabusa has completed several interplanetary flybys, traveling a total of 2 billion kilometers to arrive at the asteroid known as Itakawa. It seems during this particular asteroid's enormous orbital journey around the cosmos it has picked up an unusual passenger.  Although SETI has not yet investigated Itakawa, we will keep you posted on their investigation of our cigar-shaped interstellar visitor. It is largely accepted within mainstream archaeology that modern civilization started with Iraq, within what we now call Mesopotamia. Iraq is currently accepted as the longest surviving continuous area of civilization anywhere on Earth. The question is, how did this very ancient culture excel so successfully within their surrounding environment? How did they develop such sophisticated methods of survival at such a primitive time in our history? There actually exists a series of figurines made by unknown people that predated the Sumerian culture by some magnitude, known as the Ubadian people. Were these the source of Sumerian wisdom? The only problem is that the figures are representative of a race of reptilians, a discovery at the alubade archaeological site where many very ancient artifacts were found, depicting humanoid figures with lizard characteristics. The origins of the Ubadian people is unknown. Their entire existence is a huge mystery to mainstream history, and although this race of people may in all possibility be the pioneers for modern civilization, very little is known about them. They apparently lived in large village settlements within mud-brick houses. They developed architecture, agriculture and farmed the land using irrigation. Their domestic architecture involved large houses, open courtyards, paved streets even food processing equipment. Some of these villages began to develop into towns, temples began to appear, as well as monumental buildings such as in Eridu, Ur and Urruk, once the capitals of the Sumerian civilization. Many of the figurines exhibit different postures and in most cases they appear to be wearing a curious helmet of some kind and have some form of padding around the shoulders. Other figurines were found to be holding staffs or a scepter, possibly as a symbol of their status amongst the group. Each figurine was clearly intended to represent a unique individual. Some female figurines were even discovered holding babies, with the child also represented as a reptilian creature. Just who were the Ubadian people? Were these figures intended to represent tribe members? More research into their appearance and information surrounding the origins of their knowledge is clearly needed.  Many people assume that ancient astronaut theories are nothing more than modern pseudoscience holding no credence within reality. However, this is a mistake. The idea of ancient visitors from other planets in distant galaxies has been around since the beginning of human history. Although the theory has undoubtedly gained tremendous popularity over the past few decades, nearly every ancient tribe and civilization found on Earth, regardless of geographical location, have a story regarding visitors from other planets. Our choice of the most compelling would have to be that of the Dogons in Africa, one of the oldest surviving tribes on Earth. They not only have a legend which tells of alien visitors, but they retained invaluable data, reliable knowledge which was passed down from generation to generation, details surrounding their ancient visitors' home solar system, details that at the time modern civilization had yet to discover. Known as the Nomo, the Dogon tell of giant reptilians who had travelled here from a small sister star of Sirius, a star with a 40-year orbit that the Dogons still celebrate every 40 years. What is remarkable about their claims, however, is the details they give regarding the Sirius system and indeed the Nomo's home star, a tiny star which our modern telescopes did not confirm the existence of until several years after the first cataloging of this information. Another strange reaction to these remarkable experiences within these ancient cultures is a wanting to replicate the appearance of these entities. These interplanetary visitors often brought gifts in the form of knowledge. Due to these revelations, many of our ancestors have perceived these beings as godlike. The teaching of agriculture, the gift of hops, cannabis, the Dogon state that hemp was a gift from the Nomo. The Dogstar is the source of the planet's name. Even strawberries, among many other living things, and ingenious techniques of managing such have been said throughout antiquity, indeed throughout the world's cultures, to have first arrived here on Earth in the form of gifts from these beings. The dogu, dogu meaning clay figure, could be seen as commemorative creations in memory of such entities visiting our planet in the past. Made during the late Jomon period, over 10,000 years ago, made with such tremendous skill and artistic accuracy, you have to wonder if these were not created with the purpose of remembering a detailed image of our guests' appearances, then what else were they created for, or more specifically, to look like? Interestingly, some of the figures appear to have been deliberately created missing limbs, resting on intricately made crutches. Was this done with a likeness to real beings, possibly battle-scarred from previous more hostile encounters? The Incas, Mayans, Aztecs, Dogons, indeed anywhere you look within antiquity, you will inevitably be confronted with fantastic tales of ancient visitors. Even detailed knowledge of things so far out, we cannot even confirm if what they say is true. With so many similar legends found all across the world regarding ancient astronauts, it's safe to say the truth is out there.