how many of you are using MySQL? Anybody? Anybody? Anybody running down the Windows box? Windows box? Linux boxes with MySQL? Anybody? Alright, thank you. Oh, my name is Dennis and we're gonna talk about basically turning some of your skills into a consulting business if some of you are interested in that. So we're gonna cover quite a bit of ground so let's jump right into it if you don't mind. Sure. First off, I want to start with a disclaimer. I am neither a lawyer nor an accountant and I'm not here to give you any sort of specific advice regarding those parts of starting a business. Feel free to ask me questions afterwards. I can speak from experience but again, anything containing these slides, I am not a lawyer nor an accountant. As far as what I've been doing for the past two years, I've been running my own consulting business, basically doing web application, database development and also a bit of writing. So basically what I have here and put together here is based on my experiences as far as the steps I took, some of the pitfalls I had and also some of the rules of thumb that I've seen develop. So first, I'm going to talk about is, you know, why we want to do consulting in the first place. Next, as far as keeping it all legal, what we need to do with taxes and business organization and things along those lines. Then we're going to talk about when you start out, what are you going to need? What are the steps you need to take? And then your first 100 days as far as what steps are involved, how do you find clients, things along those lines. A step after that is how do you keep those clients happy. As a consultant, as an independent consultant, you're going to live and die by your client list, so it's very important to keep that client list strong. Next, we're going to talk about other things you can do to help your business, help yourself. I'm going to share with you some keys to success that I found in the past two years. I'm going to share some resources with you, and then I'd rather just open it up to the floor for any questions you may have and also questions afterwards if you see me walking around and whatnot. So jumping right in, why should we consider consulting in the first place? I would imagine that most of the people in here are employed now, so why should we even consider this? Part of the reason I think that you should be interested in this is demand, quite frankly. It's no secret that mainstream media is constantly reporting on security breaches and viruses and whatnot, so there really is a strong demand for your skills as a security specialist. I don't think I have a client on my roster that hasn't at one time asked me for some sort of recommendation for a security expert, because companies would really rather hire a consultant and face the media embarrassment and the cost involved with having a break and whatnot. So companies are willing to spend on security, and that's something that it's your opportunity to capitalize on that. Next is be your own boss, and that pretty much speaks for itself. Get the chance to work at home, set your own hours. And just because you want to be your own boss doesn't mean you have to run a .com. There's many, many independent consultants like myself working along with .coms and other companies that are necessarily internet based and being very successful at it. So there's opportunities there. Next benefit I find is your tax rates. Being a self-employed individual is one of the best ways to lower your taxes as far as I know, and all the deductions you get. Any computers you buy, network equipment, those are all tax write-offs in the end. You get yourself a good accountant, and they can help you with that as far as identifying what parts of your home you use and what parts of your own assets you use can really lower your tax rates. Consulting is also a really good way to expand your skill set. Clients will demand different things of you and in different time schedules, which you will have to keep. And I think you'll find that when you're working by yourself, you'll develop a motivation to expand your skill set and hopefully improve yourself as well as help your clients along. And finally, one of the benefits of consulting and really being self-employed is you can follow other pursuits. I'm sure some of you here have other interests that go beyond computers and whatnot, or perhaps specific computer interests. For me, that's other pursuits I've taken up is writing. I've worked with Rocks a little bit, helping in co-authoring books and also speaking at conferences like this. This is something that I enjoy. Naturally, you will find pursuits as you have more free time for yourself that you will want to pursue. So the first thing we should talk about is keeping it all legal as far as what paperwork and documents you're going to need. And actually, you should take note that these steps are in order.  So as I go through these, keep in mind that this is actually a step-by-step list. After making a decision to go out on your own, you need to go ahead and establish your company and you need to mentally figure out how you're going to do that. Are you going to have employees or are you going to work by yourself? Is there a co-worker or a friend you're going to go on partners with? That's also important. And also, are you going to incorporate? Are you going to become a corporation or are you going to keep it as a cell phone company? There's different liability issues involved in that. That's something that you need to decide. Next is taxes. Taxes, the main thing you need is what's known as a federal employee ID number, also known as FEIN. Basically, it's a Social Security number of four companies. It's a way that IRS uses to track companies and the taxes owed and whatnot. After that, you need to investigate your city. Find out if your city charges taxes on companies. Some cities' tax companies, others don't. That's something you can find out from your local city hall. Licensing, also something related to your city hall. You need to establish your business name and register your business name with the proper offices. In some cases, again, depending on the city you live in, you'll need to be licensed. You'll need to have special permits. If you're running it out of your home, you may not have to have as many permits. It really depends on your city. When I start talking about taxes and the IRS and licensing, I know it may sound a little complex. But as far as the IRS forms, you can literally do it over the phone.  Ten minutes later, you have a federal employee ID, so it's really not an involved process. As far as your business name and license is, it's just a matter of spending a morning at city hall.  And really, within the days worth the work, you can take care of your taxes and your licensing. It's really quite simple, even though you do have to deal with forms and whatnot. Next, your bank accounts. Bank accounts have a variety of options. You can go with just your local bank. As long as you have your federal employee ID number, that's really all you're going to need. Nowadays, there's also brokerage offices offering business accounts that have different interest rates and whatnot. That's something that you can investigate on your own, but really, your local bank will do just fine. As long as you have something that's separate from your own personal accounts, that'll really help you in the end for tax season. And finally, the last thing you need to take care of is insurance. Some states have legislation in the works that would require consultants to be insured. If I remember right, California is one of them. Other states don't really care. So it really all depends on where you live and the laws in your area. As far as starting out, there's a couple of things that perhaps you should consider. What's your current employment like? In many cases, your current employer can make a great first client, depending on how vital you are to their operations and how your relationship is with them. Also, your finances and your current lifestyle. Some of you in here may have car payments. Others are not. If you live with your parents or share living expenses, that could certainly help. You really need to take into account as far as what your monthly expenses are and your savings and whatnot to help you along with that. Insurance, and by insurance, I mean health insurance at this point, when you leave your employer, you also leave your benefits unfortunately. So benefits are something you need to provide for yourself. Health insurance can run you anywhere from 50 bucks a month to $200 a month, but either way it's something that's vital and you should have. And there's other factors as far as your own personal relationships. I had a friend in Connecticut who was about to start his own consulting business and then found out he was going through a divorce. Probably not the best time to start a consulting business. So really all depends on your own personal situation and your finances and how you want to go about it. Next, you need to see if you need a lawyer or an accountant. Personally, I think you can do it without either one of those. Obviously, it can also help you to have a second hand there, have a lawyer look over your forms and whatnot, but you can do it on your own. That's a personal decision, so people just feel more comfortable working with a lawyer or an accountant. And then finally, you can have investors. That really all depends on how involved you want to get with your business.  Question? I have a friend of mine. He started his own business. What he did was work out with a lawyer and an accountant. He said he was definitely a bus to trade services, to do a service for them. He had a check to do a service back when he was building his own stuff. For those that didn't catch that, his comment was regarding getting a lawyer and accountant. It is possible sometimes to trade services, your services for there, and there are some tax benefits involved in that. And I'll get into that just a little bit with networking and your clients and what not, but that's a good point. Leading up from the discussion on investors is your workspace. Again, are you going to have office space? If you're going to have a partner, are you going to have maybe three or four people working for you? Yeah, you should look into it. If you're going to start on your own, just have it a sole proprietorship. You could probably do it out of your home or an extra bedroom or what not. You're also going to need just general supplies as far as notepads and pens and pencils, things like that. And then of course, all your equipment. You're going to need your computers, any extra phones and phone lines you're going to need, and miscellaneous things. Maybe you need to upgrade your internet connection, things along those lines. Again, these are all tax write-offs and maybe a big expense to begin with, but there are benefits towards the end. Your total startup time is going to be affected by your decisions. If you're going in with a partner and you need to wait for your partner to find a good stopping point to leave his current job, that's going to affect it. If you're on your own, you could probably start it by yourself overnight. As far as how I did it, how I went about it, just to give you an example, I came out of college, I worked for a company for three months, completely hated it, and I quit. Next day, I figured I had a couple of bit of savings, extra phone line, upgraded to a cable modem, and got a website going, and we'll talk about establishing a presence, but for myself, this total startup time was about a week's worth of work, of dealing with paperwork and whatnot, about a $1,500 investment in equipment and computers and things along those lines, and literally within a week, I was to a point where I could start looking for clients and whatnot, and again, that can be as short as a couple days, or it could be a couple months for you depending on your savings and how you want to go about it. As far as the first hundred days, that's a good question. This question was if the startup phase can be done as you're finishing up your job in a part-time basis, that's possible, but you will have to take some time off during business hours to, again, go to your city hall and take care of that kind of paperwork, but sure, it's definitely possible to go ahead and do that on the weekends and during your other free time. Definitely not impossible. Please. This question was regarding security companies, specifically, is that right? Where, starting it in your home or as opposed to the store front. I really couldn't imagine a situation where there'd be a big difference. Perhaps in the store front it might be easier to get the extra phone lines and connections you're going to need as opposed to a residential area because of wiring your city, but otherwise I couldn't think of a reason why they make a difference. No, I don't think that would make a difference. Most of the time you'll be requested to travel to the client side as opposed to the reverse, so it's not like you'll have to entertain clients in your home very often. But for security purposes, I think they understand that there's a inherent need to be off-site. And I really don't think it would make a difference, at least to the clients I've come across that would base their decision on that. Please. Right. Well, actually that will depend on a client by client basis. Some clients will hand you a 20-page NDA, other clients will hand you a one-page NDA, and others don't really care. So it really depends. And I handle that person on a client-by-client basis during the startup phase when you're pitching your client, they'll make sure to tell you what their requirements are. But really, it varies quite a bit. Please. Yes. I'm sorry, did you catch the last part? Right. I definitely don't disagree with your points. I did go about it with an accountant, but others can choose not to. It really depends. As far as the other points of liability and whatnot, again, I really think that depends on a client-by-client basis. It certainly doesn't hurt to talk about that, and it depends on the documentation they give you. Sure. Sure. I would have a hard time presenting an NDA to a client. It usually doesn't work that way, because they obviously have more consultants than probably you do clients, and they have a very standardized process of how they go out with their NDAs. So I'm sorry? I'm sorry, didn't catch the first part. But I think they'll say no a lot more than they'll say yes. Okay, I'm sorry, I'll try to repeat his comments. Okay, to repeat, his comments are regarding a non-disclosure agreement, an NDA, and advocating perhaps coming up with your own non-disclosure agreement and presenting it to your client, as opposed to them presenting you with their non- disclosure agreement. His points are valid, and it is worth trying, but I would disagree with that personally. Certainly it depends also on what type of clients you will target. I agree with you that larger clients are probably going to turn you down a lot more than the smaller clients. At the same time with the smaller clients, perhaps they've never had an NDA agreement before, that's very common, or in some cases they'll shy away from that. It really depends on how small of a client. Some people still like to do business with a handshake, maybe not the best way, but it does happen. Please, just to recap, the question in the back was regarding NDAs as far as who's protecting whom, are they requesting more protection from non-competes and whatnot, or are you requesting protection that they won't disclose your methods and whatnot? As far as presenting your client with an NDA that protects your operations and your methods or in what not, I'm sorry but I would have to disagree. I think that if you present your clients with an NDA with those involved, you will probably lose more clients than you will get in the end. Also, most NDAs, as far as what the client will present to you, the most important part, again, addressing the question in the back, is probably on the non-competes. Non-competes are common in NDA where they will ask you to not compete with their competitors or subsidiaries of their competitors and whatnot, or even, in some cases, their clients. Commonly, it's usually a year's worth of time where you can't directly work with them. That's probably the most important part for you as a consultant, but again, I would have to disagree that presenting your client with an NDA is probably a deal-killer more than it is a deal-maker. Please. Unfortunately, the man doesn't imply an exclusive market. Any contractor you have, when the client is going to put an RFP out there, there's certainly going to be more than your bid. In that negotiating process, that's something that they will look at and again, I think it would probably cost you more clients than it would gain you. Yes, we have. Okay. Let me get the question in the back as a gentleman is a very patient, please. Perhaps you can discuss this afterwards. I'll definitely be around and I'm sure other attendance will be around. I'd just like to run through the rest of it. I think we're running really, really short on time. Sorry to interrupt you like that, but let's go ahead. Your presence, pretty much self explanatory. Phone, you want to have a dedicated business line. Your website. Again, your website can really serve your sore front nowadays and doesn't have to be that fancy who you are, what your experience has been like and what you're looking for. Initially, you won't have a client list, but once you do, you will want to put it up there. Your client list will sell you more times than anything else you will ever do. And then, of course, search engine registration. Register yourself with the engines out there and also there's a lot of consulting directories out there that you want to register yourself with. Business cards, probably one of your best form of advertising. The only advertising I did when I first started out was I just handed on my business cards like crazy.  I'm on my own now. This is what I can offer for your company. Call me if you need something. And really, in some cases, that can be the only type of promotion you're going to have to do. Other forms of promotion, a lot of options. You can start off with a big bang and buy a full page ad and a local tech journal or something along those lines. Or again, you can just do it by word of mouth, handing your business cards out, coming to conferences like this. It's really up to you. Either way, again, I think you'll see enough demand out there where you'll at least generate some interest just by letting people know that you're on your own and this is what you can offer. As far as keeping clients happy, definitely don't over promise. Try to stay within your boundaries of your skill set. I think you'll appreciate that more than you just saying, you know what, I can't offer that service for you. That will probably keep them a lot more happy. And definitely don't underperform. It's always beneficial to set up specs as far as what your client expects from you and you make sure that you meet those to the T. Usually when I give my clients specs of what I'm going to return to them, I do it in bullet point format. That way you can really lay it out and say, hey, look, this is what I'm promising you and this is what the finished product does. So our business is complete. Be available. I can't tell you how many times I've won contracts just because a client is fed up of not being able to get their consultant on the phone. Get a cell phone and return your calls. That's something that's very simple will really go a long way. Deadlines. Deadlines are very important. Your client will make other deadlines based on the deadlines you give them. If you can't meet it, tell them, hey, look, you know what, we're a week out. I'm not going to make next week's deadline. The communication there's a lot more important than, you know, showing up and not having a finished product. Finally, network for your client. I think you'll find that big clients will come to you and outsource projects intentionally just based on the fact that by outsourcing to you, you can get them in contact with other clients and whatnot. I've had clients come to me and ask me to work on a project for them just because they want an introduction to another client I have. That's just the way business is done. So you'll find that just by being willing to network for your client, you will get other contracts in the end. Billing. Ask your client they want a project or an hourly rate. Very important and also very important to your bottom line. Invoicing, be diligent, have your policies. I personally invoice on the first and the 15th of the month. You may want to do it monthly. You may want to do it weekly. Either way, let your client know. Unfortunately, one of the parts of consulting is you won't always get paid. You have to write off. You have to sue clients. That's unfortunately a way to do business. But it never hurts to be nice. Hey, listen, you know that invoice essentially last week, you know, could you find it? It was a net 10 terms and it's due tomorrow. It never hurts to just give it a call and find out what's going on. Meet your client's needs as far as try to anticipate their needs and what they have now. If they're looking at starting certain services or certain websites, do a little bit of research on their part. Find out what's coming down the road and as far as technology wise and what they can use. And then finally, client maintenance. If you don't know how to golf, start taking lessons now. Clients will expect for you to take them out to dinner, you know, gifts at Christmas time and whatnot. Never hurts and it's part of doing business. An invitation for a round of golf on Friday. Common ways of doing business. As far as other things you can do as an consultant, network. Places like this are a perfect part for it. List serves, news groups.  Things like this can happen to new contracts, potential partners, new employees or even new subcontractors. There's other people just like you doing consulting that can do other things you can't. Form alliances. Use their skills, bid on contracts together. This is how you build up your business and start bidding on bigger contracts. You also need to maintain and expand your skill set. Times change and the skills you have now aren't necessarily going to be in demand five years from now, so you need to make sure that you keep yourself relevant. And follow your other pursuits. If you have other interests, follow them. That's one of the benefits of being self-employed. Really quickly, some keys to success. Keep your discipline. Being self-employed doesn't mean you don't have to work. Nobody pays you for sitting around and you'll very quickly find there's a difference between working hours and billable hours, so it does require quite a bit of discipline. Again, keep your clients happy. Communicate with them. Let them know you're available for them. Maybe you don't always return calls the same day, but let them know, hey, I return my calls in 24 hours, and most clients at least want to know when they can expect to call back. Always look for an opportunity for yourself and for your clients. New technologies, new companies out there, new potential partners, always keep an eye out. Rules of thumb, when I first started out, one of the best pieces of, well, when I first started out, I spoke with other consultants, and they said, well, I'm not going to pay your rate and never, ever change it.  Keep your rate, set it, work with your client on payment options, but make sure you never let anybody tell you your rate is too high. In voice payments, again, you won't always get paid. Research your client ahead of time. It helps. Finally, it always seems harder than what it is. Don't let the information overwhelm you. Again, when you start talking about taxes and IRS, it starts to get a little up there, but it's really not that bad. Some resources for you, realrates.com, that's a very important site. Basically, it's a consultant site where consultants go in and they report their latest contracts and what they're getting paid. It helps you set your market rate and it helps you go to your client and say, there's five other consulting companies charging this rate. This is my rate. A very important site. IRS, I think it's a very helpful site. A lot of their documents are downloadable in PDFs. It saves you trips to the library and whatnot. And finally, Small Business Administration, the SBA. A lot of good resources out there for business plans, financing, and just general advice. Excellent website. Definitely recommended if you were thinking of starting on your own. I'll skip over because I know we're running short. And again, just as last point, it's really easier than you think. Don't let it overwhelm you. You can do this. It's not rocket science. It just takes a little time. So I appreciate you coming. Thank you.


So, welcome back to this series on deep neural networks for domain experts. And we finished the first section where we just looked at the multi-late perceptron or densely connected neural networks, and we're going to move on now to the very exciting world of convolutional neural networks. And when we talk convolutional neural networks, we're really thinking artificial intelligence, machine learning on images. It really is a type of network architecture that lends itself very well for learning to recognize images. So let's just have a quick introduction as to how we're going to go. The problem that we obviously have with densely connected neural networks, if we think of an image and we think of an image being represented as a matrix, let's go down here and just have a look at this representation. We're all familiar with pixels on a screen, those little dots of color, and if we just think of a black and white image, that just is a brightness value. Every pixel will just have a brightness value from zero being black to say 255 being white and anything like gray level in between. So just a five by five representation of a pitch black little image here will just be a five by five matrix of all zeros.  If you were to ramp that up just to 100 by 100 pixels, that's still a very, very, very small little image. But 100 times 100 pixels, there's four zeros there, that's already 10,000 data points. So you're talking about an input vector with already 10,000 nodes just for a tiny little image. And if you do a densely connected neural network and every deep layer has 10,000 plus nodes in it, that's going to be computationally very, very expensive. So we're going to solve that problem with convolutional neural networks. And what we have to talk about then is just this convolution operation. So what you see is two, rank two tensors, two matrices, and they're both three by three, and I'm going to multiply them with each other in a very special way. It's called, I'm going to convolve. Well, it's not the full convolution operation. We'll get to that. But what we do is we're going to multiply each corresponding element in the two neighbors. So this one here, this one here, and this three here will be multiplied with each other. Then we move over to this two, and then this three. So it's one times three, and then the two times three. So we do all these nine products, and we sum up those nine products. So we one times three, plus two times three, plus three times two, plus four times one, and eventually we add all of those and we get to 61. Now when we look at an image, and here we have a larger image. We count one, two, three, four, five, six, six by six little image. And now I have my three by three matrix, and I start with it at the top left. And I'm going to do that type of multiplication that we just described. So I'm going to have a value for each of these little gray blocks that I do in here. They'll each have a value in them. And the picture at the back, the gray picture with a six by six pixels, that will have values and I'll multiply all of them and add them. And then I'll have a number. And this number is going to form for this first one, the top left pixel value of my new image. So I'm going to have what I'm going to call a resultant image that I'm trying to create. And the first top left pixel value is going to be this sum product over here. Then I'm going to move across one, still with the same nine values in my little matrix here. New values below it. I'm going to do that same process. It's going to give me a second value, a second scalar value. And that becomes the second pixel on the top of my resultant image. And so I move on and on and on across to the right-hand side, drop down one, move across to the right, drop down one, move across to the right till I get to the bottom. And that is the convolution operation. And it's going to build up for me a new resultant image. I'm calling it a resultant image. It's easy to understand what we mean by that. You can sort of form a visual idea of what is happening. Now, when we have this little 3 by 3 block, we call that those nine values. We call that a filter or a kernel. And that is nine values if we have a 3 by 3, which are actually weight values. And that is what our neural network is going to try and learn. It is going to try and optimize those values that have to go in there. And if it runs across an image like this once, it keeps those same values. Now, we just have to think about this resultant image. What is its size going to be? Well, if we start with an N by N, that's N for November, and we have a kernel of M by M, the resultant, if we just step across one, and we call that a stride, if we step across one at a time, our resultant image is going to be N minus N plus 1. So we'd had 6 minus 3 is 3 plus 1 is 4. So we're going to end up with a smaller resultant image, which is 4 by 4. Now, if we think about a color image, though, a color image has three channels, a red channel, a green channel, and a blue channel. And all we're going to do is we're going to have this time of just two by two. It was just easier to draw instead of a 3 by 3. Usually we'll use 3 by 3. It's the same one that runs across all three of my channels. And now I'm just going to have a times p as well. So if I have a 6 by 6 image in grayscale in color, that's going to be a 6 by 3. So there's going to be these pixel values for each of my three channels. And the same process is just going to happen. It's going to run across all of them. And here we have an example, and you can check it out, from my original pixel monochrome and its values. These have nothing to do with the black and the gray and the white that you see there. I just wanted to color them different just so that you can see. And try and do this for yourself and run across this whole thing. And you can see we went here from a 6 by 6 to a 4 by 4 resultant image. And at the moment it's not clear what the idea is, what is going to happen here. And I've actually got a video which I'll show the link in the description below. And there's also a link in this document, a video on YouTube where I use Microsoft Excel. And I show you what the result is. And what happens here?  And what it achieves at least initially in a convolutional neural network, because we're going to have many of these convolutional layers, is it starts to learn edges. So it's going to see that there is, in your picture, there's an edge, a clear distinction between one brightness value and another. If you have an image of a dark cat against a white background, there's going to be an edge, and it's going to start detecting these edges. And as it goes deeper, these kernels are going to learn how these edges fit together, how they form shapes and more complex shapes. And eventually, we're going to end up with this product from which your neural network can learn, it can recognize this image. Next up is just this concept of padding. So what you can do if you have an image and you want the resultant image to be of the same size, you can pad your original image with the zeros all the way around. Now if you run it across, and it was originally six by six, you have drawn a five by five one. If you run it across, it's going to end up being exactly the same. And that's just going to be a hyperparameter that we set in our layer. What we want to do the padding, do we want the resultant image to be of the same size, or are we just going to allow it to get smaller as we move through? That is something we just choose. I've mentioned stride before. You can also set what the stride length is going to be here. And in this depiction here, we're jumping with our two by two kernel. We're jumping two pixels across, not just one. So we can set that stride as well. Now there's another concept called pooling, which we can also add to our layers. And we usually would do something like two by two pooling. So once we have our resultant image after convolution operation, we might decide that we're going to take a little two by two grid like this and take the maximum value in there. And that maximum value is 78, and that becomes the first pixel there. Then we're going to move one across, again the stride. And if we look at that, the maximum for the next four is also going to be that 78. So that's 78. And then we move it across one, and then the maximum is going to be 70. And that's 70. And that's called the max pooling. We're trying to almost get the maximum information from this image. Before, there was also, some people also used the average pooling. So it would be the average of those four values. But max pooling actually works best. Well, there's no evidence really to say that there's anything better than max pooling. Max pooling is going to give you good results. The last concept just is flattening. When you've run through a few of these layers, a few convolutional layers, a few max pooling layers, eventually you're going to do a flattening layer. And what the flattening layer is going to do is say, for instance, our resultant image is 9 by 9. It's just going to form a single vector of these. So it's just going to put them all in one. So we can have nine nodes, for instance. 78, 78, 70, 108, 108, 108, 108, 88 is one long normal vector, which we can then put through a normal densely connected neural network. And that usually happens at the end of a convolutional neural network that we put a few densely connected layers. And doing which we also have this learning process as we had before in the normal multi-layer perceptron or deep neural network. It has an added benefit that we can talk about afterwards. There are massive networks available that have already learned from images which you can just download and then add, if you want to put your own images through that, make this convolutional part such that those weights never update, but that eventually that feeds to a normal deep neural network from which learning will take place for the images that you feed in. And we'll talk all about that in later videos. So in short, that's a summary of a convolutional neural network. The best way to go about this is just to construct one. And in the next video, that's exactly what we're going to do, implementing some of these concepts that you now know of. You know they exist. You have an idea of how they work. We're going to implement them in the next video.


The Emo state governor, Hope Uzodima, has charged the Muslims living in the state to ensure they live in peace with the host community. The governor stated this while breakfast with the Muslim community and some selected Christian leaders at the government house in Awiri, the capital of Emo state. Uzodima charged them to go about their local business without any fear of molestation. We assure you as long as the governor and the Emo state government we are concerned working with the various security agencies, you are free to go about your businesses without fear of any molestation. The events of few weeks where some people decided to visit violence and hostility on our people has come and is gone. The chief Imam Emo state Yusuf Njarakum also called on Muslim faithfuls to practice the teachings of Islam in order to live in peace with their neighbors. The teachings of the Prophet, the last deceit of the Prophet, if we do definitely we will live in peace with everybody because when the Prophet came his relations with people were not Muslims but as time went by they say that he won their hearts with his beauty, his love, his kindness, good behaviors and a lot of you. So this is our own teaching too, it did not just live that life on itself. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Now that the fuel soft city has been removed federal government grants six firms through the license to import petroleum products Also federal government implements the 7.5% VAT on the diesel will be discussing all of these on the program this morning also will have Of the press that will be looking at what the headlines are on our national dailies Very good morning to you, and thanks for joining us on the breakfast My name is Nyam Ghul Aghaji and on behalf of the entire crew I say it's a delight to have you join us this morning today. We'll be concentrating or we'll be reflecting on Collective good over personal benefit. How much of these do we even think about in Nigeria? How much do we talk about collective good? How much do we talk about community nowadays? Is it only the selfish? Thoughts that we have now think about yourself love yourself Nobody talks about loving your neighbor anymore And so it has become a part of our culture right now that we talk about ourselves only Are we a nation of people willing to sacrifice personal comfort for the greater good? How patriotic are we? That's why that's what we'll be reflecting on in the course of the show this morning So wherever you are whoever you are as you watch us this morning Ask yourself what like an American president once said think of what you can do for America Rather than what America can do for you So how many of us really think about what we can do for Nigeria to make Nigeria great rather than what Nigeria can Do for us the other day we saw the news how someone was vandalizing Rail tracks. He didn't care if the federal government spent money to do that He didn't care if a rail or a train will derail when it gets to that point where he's removing those Things from the rail track. He didn't care if anybody died because of his action He just wanted to make money and that's the end of it So even if stealing is stealing sometimes when you steal It's some people who will say there's some stealing that has a human face. This one is wickedness Stupidity if I if I may and so many other things ruled into one How can you vandalize what the government has put in place for you and tomorrow you go about telling people that the government Is not doing much. Well, wherever you are. We hope that you are open about and you are at your work and because We already know that any time past six o'clock traffic builds up as I was coming this morning Once I got to Ogudu from from beggar axes the traffic began to build up Only got knows where it has reached now and how slow the traffic might be when you're coming to the island and This same story will be replicated in so many other places So if you live in Lagos and you have to work in the morning, you need to always move very very early in the morning Okay, so we have some few stories that people are talking about Not necessarily Having to wait till when we have the of the press But there's some top trending issues that are being dealt with or are being discussed Over social media and so many other places or so many other platforms the Lagos state government clamps down on alcohol sale at motor parks Okay, so so many people are just asking the question. How long will this Stand because this law or these Talk about Clamping down on the sale of alcohol at motor parks. It's not new. It's been there and Since they said it we have not seen any Implementation or any drive or any any Clamping down as it were on the people who sell these things now the questions that question I don't know if the government has asked itself is Why do these people even drink at the motor parks? What is the reason behind who are the people who drink? Why do they drink and who are the people who drink at the motor parks because I? As a person I won't go to the motor park and take alcohol take what about it do What they take there and the government is talking about it But now this the third question is When you ask the first question, why do they drink second question who drinks it in the first place? And the third question is that are you? By clamping down does it mean that people who work at the motor parks will not drink anymore? It's just like saying okay since this is a motor park do not drink in the mood at the motor park I just drink at home So you find a situation where drivers might get drunk at home before they get to the motor parks on all that So I don't know some people say people drink so much at the motor park because a lot of them sleep there And even a lot of them sleep there in the cold and all that and that's the only way that they used to warm them So that's the excuse they give then What can you do about people who sleep at the motor park? Can you make conditions so good that people will not need to sleep at the motor parks anymore? Or can you make the condition so stringent that people cannot sleep at the motor parks anymore? Well, these are questions you need to answer, but will it work? Only Okada so far has worked and it works seasonally whenever it's time for election at least the time for campaign Okada's were moving, you know, almost freely, but right now the clamping down has has returned to how it used to be Okay, so it's good. So maybe they will take it gradually But who is going to enforce this law? Is it going to be Kai they kick against in discipline that we have? Or is it going to be the motor park tells themselves that are going to do this or they are their leadership or who is going to do this? Some people that is their business. So where are you moving them to are you moving them close to motor parks? Because if they don't sell at the motor parks, then I just go close to the motor parks But they are not really at the motor parks and the people who so who patronize them will continue to patronize them So in the fact if the state government can do this They should not only clamp down, but they should also look at reasons why people drink in the first place and who the type of people who drink are and see if they can clear the motor parks of These people if you can clear the motor parks of these people probably they wouldn't be drinking anymore because a passenger Just passing through doesn't go there to think about drinking is the people who work there And what is what are the crop of people that work at the motor parks? Look at them if the reason the drink is something that you can address then you go ahead and address it Well, one step at a time if the government can do this good for all of us So that we don't find people who drink too much at the motor parks Okay Tinibu appoints Hakim Odumosu as chairman of EFCC if this news is true Tinibu appoints Hakim Odumosu as chairman of EFCC we heard over the weekend how Everybody was talking about the fact that service chiefs have been have been removed all of them except Very few or even just one of them the DSS Head was not removed. What everybody else was removed and replaced. So now Hakim Odumosu that used to be in Lagos here as the The head of the the cops here in Lagos has been appointed as the chairman of EFCC We do hope that axing all of these people out of office will bring the needed Change that we want in Nigeria that we need in Nigeria because it's not enough to remove one person and put another person if all they will do will be the same thing as the The people who have been removed were doing we do hope that Body language action everything that the present administration is doing will help people sit up and do their duties very well So now we have a new EFCC Chairman we have a new IGP we have a new Chief of Defense staff everybody is new apart from the DSS boss So we do hope they will sit up that is our prayer because nothing else matters If they will not sit up to do the work for which they have been appointed to do Nigerians are Really tired of doing the same thing all the time. I like to say all the time If you want a different a different result You may want to change the approach towards tackling any problem at all Because if you keep doing the same thing all the time you will still keep getting the same results So let's hope that Hakim Odmosu will bring that needed Breath of fresh air to EFCC and make sure Anybody that needs to be propped will be propped and anybody who needs to be prosecuted will be prosecuted Anybody who needs to be jailed will be jailed that will not only be his his duty But the judiciary will have to sit up as well and collaborate with all these people that have been changed So that work will go on Nigerians will know that they're having value for their money They're having value for whatever they're putting back into the society because today. We're looking at Collective good over personal benefit and we're also Looking at whether our nation is patriotic enough the people are willing to sacrifice personal comfort for the greater good So if people are willing to sacrifice personal comfort for greater good Will the greater good come in the first place? for instance if someone comes to me a politician comes to me and says I'm going to give you five million Naira so that you keep your mouth shut and the road that is supposed to be constructed to your community Will not be Constructed I say no you have to Construct this road and then I miss the five million and then the government still does not construct the road I have lost the five million I have lost the road the community suffers for it And everybody is still suffering so If people sacrifice what will the government do to make sure that their sacrifice means something to the government as well Because if you say you want to lead It means that you have accepted Discomfort you have accepted to be in public glare you have accepted public scrutiny You have accepted a lot of things you move out of your comfort zone because you are a servant That's what the leaders really are leaders are Servants leaders are servants in case you didn't hear that So if you're vying for a political post if you're vying for even a Position in your place of work that you will lead the rest It means that you are ready to serve everybody else and for the people who are being served It means that you will be appreciative of the service that you are getting so that you do your beat to make sure that Person do not lose sight of what he's supposed to do At the end of the day we find out that so many things that happen to us in Nigeria is because of ourselves We are the ones who who cross our hands and call their bones of this world and say ah You're too much because the person is buying us a drink the question is giving us some money to go and marry a second Wife the person is giving us something to start a business on our own We're forgetting collective good for getting the schools that some people need to go to if they cannot send their children to private schools Where so we are forgetting the roads that they need to be that need to be constructed so that the average farmer that we may not have this Opportunity to get to a politician that will give him or her That money that he needs to do what he needs to do can pass and go to the market and sell their goods We're forgetting electricity that should go to every community So that at least they can check their phones at least they can power their generators Sorry, not generator at least they can they can do the the things that they need to do small businesses in the village that need Electricity maybe selling of pure water as we call it in Nigeria. Maybe selling of Fish that needs to be refrigerated Maybe selling of some other things that need electricity. We forget all of that and say we need our personal comfort That is where we get wrong in Nigeria. Sometimes when we say politicians think about personal interests Oh, yeah, personal interest and that personal interest is usually At the cost of what the nation should gain whatever will bring money to you Whatever will put food on your table. You get it no matter what it is Well, let us know today that the end does not justify the means the end Never justifies the means the means has to be as good as the end You cannot say I will have to kill all my children so that I become rich So you tell yourself that because you eventually got rich The means you got you took to becoming rich is justified by the fact that you actually became rich That's what saying the end justifies the means Means Literally, so the end just does not justify the means if the end and the means are not the same You go and okay, let me know use that analogy anyway today. We're talking about Petroticism and we do hope that you are a patriotic Nigerian or if you're not you begin to cultivate the Habit of being patriotic in yourself in your children if you're a teacher in your students if you are CEO in one company or the other or Any way any capacity you find yourself be patriotic and teach others to be patriotic Because that is only when we can make our nation grow if you're patriotic You will ask the right questions if you're patriotic You will do the things that you need to do as a person But for now, let's look at what the weather is because when I was coming I'll use myself as an example of to a greater length of the road that I was coming to this place It was dry, but I got to like third mainland bridge and it was raining heavily So let's see what the weather says about today so that you can plan your itinerary well


Today, millions of people throughout the world lead richer, more productive and comfortable lives thanks to the thousands of chemicals poured into modern products and services. That makes the effective use and handling of chemicals unwaist more important than ever. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development outlines a plan of action for preserving peace, people, prosperity and our planet. And to that plan is the sound management of chemicals and waste, wherein reduction and renewable resources are key. Here's where materials like cellulose play an important role. Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on earth and one of the most in demand. That's because, on top of being non-toxic and biodegradable, cellulose also tends to be lighter, cheaper and stronger than other commercial polymers. There's only one problem. While cellulose is an environmentally friendly material, extracting it through processes such as craft and sulfite pulping and reforming it into a useful form such as nanofibrils tends to be energy demanding and involves a long list of chemicals. Fortunately, that could soon change, all thanks to an edible green algae commonly referred to as sea lettuce. Its scientific name is olvalactica and it's actually a macroalgae found sprouting along coastlines all over the world. Its cellulose content has made the algae especially interesting to science and industry, mostly because sea lettuce, unlike wood, contains no lignin. This makes the energy and chemically intensive process of delignification unnecessary and it makes extracting cellulose easier overall. Just how easy. Researchers from Sweden recently obtained highly pure cellulose and cellulose nanofibrils from freeze dried bits of the algae using little more than a coffee grinder, water, ethanol and minute amounts of hydrogen peroxide. Though simple, their method produced nanofibrils composed of up to 90% cellulose. The researchers verified their results using an innovative technique known as optotracing. Unlike more destructive methods for determining composition, this method uses optically active molecules or optotracers to quantify the polymeric sugar content of raw algae and its extracts. That allowed the team to make a seemingly small but critical distinction that their aquatically sourced cellulose was indeed cellulose and not a hybrid of xylose and glucose making this distinction was previously impossible as these plant sugars share extremely similar structures and analysis almost always involves sample destruction. New sources of aquatic based biomass could help alleviate society's dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the production of chemical waste. With novel tools such as optotracers that help researchers in both industry and academia probe biomass like never before, hidden gems such as sea lettuce could be pivotal in the push toward the circular economy envisioned by the 2030 agenda.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jasper's casebreaks.com here coming at you with a quick little mosaic baseball hobby pack This is a random team break number six and at the end of the break We're gonna give away two teams Angels and blue jays in that clearly authentic break a name on top gets the angel second name down will get the blue jays That's not bad for that price point right there, but let's do the break first big. Thanks to everybody here For getting in on it. There are the teams right here Let's roll it. Let's randomize names and teams Nine times and then we'll do a different dice roll for the giveaway part. All right, so nine times for names and teams one two three four five six seven eight and Ninth and final time. Yeah, hot stove ladies and gentlemen on Sunday the 28th boiling Chad sad because Marcus Simeon Simon the Rangers instead of his Mariners Kevin Gosman getting paid Cole Calhoun getting a deal rumors about Max Scherzer being offered a boatload of money Interesting ninth and final time no trade windows for these little filler breaks the offer for Scherzer two years 90 million dollars, which Which I don't think is bad for a short-term deal, but is he really gonna go to the Met Mets? Division former division rival All right, there's the first half of this right here. Here's the second half list right there And again, no trading windows. We just want to get into it. All right, so let's print this out Harry you think Josh haters gonna go to the Phillies? It's Josh Hader a free agent. All right So there's the quick printout right there. Oh an autograph There you go. Johnson's diver for Chicago the White Sox Josh Smith It's that rookie auto Where did this rumor come from? We don't want to just throw out. I mean, I could just start rumors Harry It's Jonathan India right there got to be careful about these rumors Basically, the only only time I'll ever believe a rumor is if it's on like MLB trade rumors calm Because I feel like they curate all those rumors pretty well Otherwise could just be anyone on some rando on Twitter just making up speculations All right, there's the dice. There's a little okay, so it's gonna be top two top name gets angels second name gets the blue jays after Seven times lucky seven times three and a four. Good luck one two three four five six and Seventh and final time after seven. It's only the top two. So oh from three on down Sorry, Josh. Very close. No cigar unless your name's up there Second name blue jays and Josh Smith. There you go top name angels and clearly authentic Brian. Congrats to the both of you Thanks for getting in. I'm Joe for jaspys case breaks calm. I'll see you in the next video for the That clearly authentic break. Bye. Bye


at parol. We've only been away from them a lot the same as they did when you saw them last four months is that all it's been for sure G it certainly seems longer than that sure because so much has happened since you've come to parol that's why it seems like such a long time just think our first argument with red Morrison then meeting all the fellas and then painting the smokestack on the powerhouse and then Harold Linwell almost drowning yeah and after that all the trouble about Harold's dad yeah the crack up of his plane and those men kidnapping Harold now this is the day of the ride meet with Faroaks and Edson yep your first day to show what you've got Jerry yeah well all I can do is to ride the best I can and let the horse do the rest hey listen hey you're right that's a train odd gee I can hardly wait I wonder if this is the streamliner sure it's a streamliner don't you remember that's what Mr. Randall's letter said oh yeah I forgot yep you're right please yeah what's the matter nothing only well I wonder if Mr. Randall and Bumps will bring my dog oh rags I forgot all about rags you did huh I didn't know I'll bet you didn't sure a lot of people getting up here at Faroaks today aren't it I'll bet some of those people are fathers and mothers of cadets at Faroaks the mothers are mothers and fathers of kids from Edson of course the Edson team and routers got in yesterday Jerry huh oh what'd you say oh I'm sorry fella I forgot I I didn't realize they are a there they are Mr. Randall gosh I wish I kind of wish okay coming you haven't grown about six inches I'll eat my head what do you think Bob I should hope to tell you Jerry's grown well I say I never would have known him except he's got that duke and smile all over his map he's happy that's right duke and smile or say your roommate isn't it Jerry Lee Phillips hey yes sir at least you remember Mr. Randall don't you oh yes Jerry I do how do you do Mr. Randall you too Mr. Bumps Mr. Bumps gee how do you like that Bumps yeah hey gee Mr. Randall I'm sure glad to see you well Jerry maybe you don't think I'm glad to see you and what do you think of the rest of the folks in Randall Brothers Circus wouldn't have given to have been here today just to see you ride Splendor in your first riding meet isn't that right Bob I'm sure it's him or say Jason and his helpers and all the roustabouts and leave you in Jim Bennett and slats and what about Patsy Bumps Patsy Paul say listen Jerry you remember that Patsy's over in Ireland in Ireland watch your Jerry Patsy went over there to see her godmother don't remember oh yeah sure I remember yeah yeah don't you think we better be getting up to school Jerry yeah that's right what time does meteors come off Jerry at 2.15 this afternoon 2.15 well that's fine that'll give us plenty of time to look around your school boys yeah that's right we didn't have much time to look around the last time we're here remember Jerry gee I sure do and that was the time I had to say goodbye to Rags too remember Mr. Randall yeah yeah I remember that just as if it was yesterday say bumps maybe you better go down and pick up the baggage and we'll wait for you over by the taxi cabs all right Sam I'll be right back not the taxi cabs bumps that's the Dan over there to see it oh yeah I'll be there in just a minute and said and say don't tell me you're driving a car now to Jerry oh no at least gonna drive the car since Major Davis found out we know so much about cars and motors and stuff he lets lead drive his car all the time oh yeah I see say I'm glad you wrote me a letter about your friend Harold's escape Jerry my goodness when I didn't hear from you for about a week I didn't know whether what's that watch watch what Jerry I thought I Jerry that's your dog right oh that was well of you Mr. Randall bringing Jerry's dog here with you know nothing could have meant more to him than Rags is not even bumps or me Lee well I mean I know what you mean Lee sure it's going to mean everything to Jerry with Rags is a mascot today well the federal right and team just won't rule am I right I sure hope so Mr. Randall well Jerry got a mascot for writing today well come on Jerry don't you think we better be getting up to the school you better put on your riding dogs you know riding dogs oh sure I do almost forgot hey but how did you know Mr. Randall how did I know did you get that bombs yes don't you realize Mr. Randall knows you can't ride properly in that uniform after 30 years of running circuses oh sure of course well here's the car right here gentlemen oh I got it out Lee you sound like bruise who's a bruise Jerry what's the matter with him well here we go Jerry you didn't answer me about this bruise fella who is he oh well he's just a cadet here at Farrokhs Mr. Randall I didn't mean anything by mentioning him hmm say this town hasn't changed much since we were here last as a box no those ever looks just about the same watch that building there Lee oh that's the city hall Mr. Randall oh sure sure I remember see Mr. McLeod store somewhere right lie down huh oh what did you say Mr. Randall oh max store yeah yeah it's right up ahead there in the next block would you like to stop in for a few minutes well yes you have the time to spare Jerry oh sure I don't have to be over there at the stable still one o'clock fine I'll be interested to meet Mac you told me so much about him in your letter son and I almost feel as though I know him already I'll have to park on this side of the street is that all right oh sure we can still walk that far can't be bombs if you don't quit eating so many of Leo's hotcakes in the morning's hammer and I'll have to put you on the stretcher it doesn't look as though anybody's in Max play no maybe all the other cadets are getting ready for the meat no I know what they're doing getting instructions from Captain Gardner on how to entertain the cadets from Edson remember oh yeah that's right we've got permission to come to meet you and bumps Mr. Randall well that's mighty fine just a minute Mr. Randall I'll open the door thanks to you but don't take that crack of bumps about the hotcakes to serious musical talent oh that's Mac in the back room again he never hears the bell I don't know why has it oh Mac come on Mr. Randall Mr. Bump sit down over here. Mac Mr. McLeod I'd like to have you meet two awful good friends of mine from the circus this is Bob's and this is Mr. Randall. Well no greetings gentlemen greetings and welcome to Fair Oaks. Thank you Mr. McLeod.  Yeah not in a motion picture. Well certainly it's a pleasure for me to meet you two gentlemen such good friends of Jerry Dogen's. It is a great pleasure. It's such a great day for the Lord. Mr. Randall. I should say it is a great day for Jerry or just think Jerry of the circus riding for Fair Oaks Military Academy and and mounted on little Splendor. Well gentlemen and I'd say what do you hear the new mind this is on Mac I don't think I'd better take anything right now Mac thanks Sergeant Alden is making a seat of special lunch today here's something wrong what's up Jerry is anything the matter with Splendor he's sick Mr. Randall sick what happened how'd he get sick he's had good care as me oh gee yeah he's had the best of care but well I'll tell you all about it later we were afraid Jerry wasn't going to ride in the meet today Mr. Randall that is when we found out Splendor couldn't be in it but Jerry finally saw the lift and he's going to ride this day for Fair Oaks. You bet I'm going to ride and I'm going to do the best I can because Sergeant Alden says everybody's counting on me including Splendor that's the way to talk son and Fair Oaks is going to win that meet today you'll see with that Splendorian boys as Sam Randall's out there are rooting for Fair Oaks you can't lose Jerry Splendorian oh what's that mean boss well it means as in Foghorn Jerry have you decided what they're going to head gentlemen oh I couldn't eat a thing Mr. McLeod thanks just to say well I can I bet you can too can't you eat yes sir any time that's the way to talk well yes I will break down in that's my scream that's the way what flavor oh I'll have vanilla I guess Lee the same thank you and you won't break training rules and Jerry no sir thanks just the same yeah make mine strawberry Mac just to be different well I guess I'd better be getting over to the mess hall I still got to put on my dress uniform and riding boots too well son you know you know that Sam Randall is wishing you the best of luck today don't you yes sir I know that and well thanks for coming today Mr. Randall that's all right Jerry I'm going to get a great kick out of this day you bet and that goes for me too Jerry and all the rest of the folks at winter quarters are rooting for you too they made me promise to call them long distance the minute the meat's over and tell them how Faro came out say you mean you mean they told you to let him know how many points Faro's was ahead at the end of the meat box yeah yeah that's right there you are gentlemen Jerry my hand on your success this day I my hand on it you're mundane to that field and right as you've never written before you can I know Mac and thank you too well good bye Jerry good bye Harry we'll be rooting for you there he goes and what a lad you bet he's a great lad Mr. McLeod sure miss him at the circus don't we say miss him say there hasn't been anything exciting happening around the that troops and see left well that boy could get into more trouble and out of it faster than any ten youngsters I've ever seen Jerry's had a little trouble since he's been at Faro's too yes and only with this boy red Morrison you mean yes that's part of it Jerry told me a little about that too well I think we'd better be getting over to wherever this meat's going to be held on the pole field sir oh yes well well Mac thanks for the tree I should say we'll be seeing you over there won't we Mr. McLeod you will win a miss Jerry's first performance as a pivot man for all the business in the world I guess we all feel about the same way you bet we do and here's wishing Faro goes in there this afternoon and wallops the daylights out of Edson


Look at these cute little fellas, John Mills from Coomar and Dean from Devilark. Tell us about the association with your company and these cute little fellas. Well basically the association started about three years ago and a percentage of each of the motorsport sales in Australia, each tyre sale, goes to support Devilark, which Dean can tell you about. He's one of the keepers up at Devilark and he's the one who looks after these two little cuties here. They ain't great to have you here, tell us more about Devilark. So Devilark's a breeding facility up at the Barrington Tops where we have around about 200 devils and this year we had 33 joeys born and without the help of John, who donates money for every tyre sold, we wouldn't be able to have this little program going. They're the cutest people in the service park by the way, they're getting attention everywhere you go. They are, they are, it's a good art crowd puller. And great thing for you, it's a feel good thing as well, it's great when you can come to an event like this which you're so synonymous with and have them here and have a pat and a play, everyone gets excited. Yeah, it's good, it's good. The Barrington Tops is only three hours or four hours from here so it's not a long travel distance for them and to have them down here and all the international drivers have a look at them and have a pat on them, it's good for the, good for Devilark and it's good for the sport putting something back into helping and endaging speeches. It certainly is. Well done guys. Thanks guys. Thanks.