Okay, hi, my name is Tim Bull, I'm an ISA certified arborist with the city of Sheboygan. I've been working here about a year. One of the primary focuses of my job is to treat the ash trees. The emerald ash borer is an insect that's been in Wisconsin for over 10 years and it's working its way kind of north from southern Wisconsin. It's been found in Sheboygan for a few years now it's been around and the focus is for the city to try to save the ash trees before they all die. There's about 5,000 ash trees on the street between the street and the sidewalk and just to give you a sense there's about 20 to 23,000 trees between the street and the sidewalk so 5,000 of those are ash trees. So it's important for the city to not let all those trees die at the same time. So the emerald ash borer is an insect where it gets in the tree, it lays eggs, the eggs hatch and burrow under the bark and they basically suffocate the tree as they feed. Now it takes a number of years before you'll see an effect from the insect but the important thing is when you're trying to save an ash tree is to treat it with an insecticide before you see the tree declining because by the time you see the effects that the tree is dying it could be too late. Sometimes it's not too late but many times the damage that's done is already done and can't be repaired. It's more of a preventative measure that we're doing and I've been treating ash trees for about 6 years now. I've seen it work, I've seen where I've treated a tree, I came back 2 years later, treated the same tree again and the tree was still healthy but maybe the neighbor's trees that were untreated were almost dead so I believe in it and research backs it up it's supposed to be over 96% effective. As far as the city's plan, their plan is to treat half the ash trees and remove half the ash trees because it's expensive either way you want to look at it, if you want to remove them all it's a huge expense, if you want to treat them all it's very expensive so a kind of compromise is to try to save half, remove half over a 3 year period so this year 2017 I've treated between 1,100 and 1,200 ash trees to date and over the next year and over the next 2 years we'll get to that 2,500 mark where we've potentially saved half the trees. Now the city's doing a 3 year treatment process where every 3 years we'll have to re-treat if we want the tree to continue to survive and right now the insecticide that we're using, the active ingredient is Mmectin benzoate, there's a number of different products that contain that, it's labeled for 2 years where every 2 years you should re-treat but a lot of research is saying you can get at least 3 years out of it so that's why the city's gone with the 3 year plan. Well first of all the process of picking which trees to save and which trees not to save really stems from is the tree in a good location to begin with so if we're only going to save half the ash trees we want to save the ones that are in a good spot versus the ones that are not an ideal spot so we look for medians, grass areas between the road and the sidewalk that are at least 6 feet wide, this one here that we're in is probably more like 8 feet and we want to look for spots where there's no overhead power lines that the trees growing into or if the trees really buckling up the sidewalk or something like that maybe that's not an ideal tree to save so once we determine which trees we want to save the process is pretty simple, we drill into the tree with a small, a little smaller than a pencil sized hole and a tree will take anywhere from 4 holes to, I had one this year that I had 10 holes in so average I would say 6 or 7 drills about an inch under the bark and then those holes get filled up you put up an injection tea in each one of those holes so it's all sealed and each one of those teas is connected with a small hose which all stems back to a bottle which has the insecticide in it now the tree, the amount of insecticide that's used depends on the tree size so the rate the city uses is a 5 milliliters per diameter inch of the tree now diameter is measured at breast height 4 and a half feet above ground ok so this tree here is 18 inches in diameter so 18 times 5 is 90 milliliters that this tree requires so as we're going down a street I have a guy helping me he measures them he records what's going to be used he records the address where the tree is and I get to the tree and I get to work drilling setting it up measuring the chemical that's going in and once I get it all set it's just a matter of pressurizing the container the bottle with the insecticide to get that insecticide to the tree and really it's just a bike pump that I'm using to pressurize and I give it about 30 pounds of pressure and that'll get the insecticide to the tree and it's up to the tree to take it in so every tree is different some trees take it right in some trees are a little slower sometimes you don't get that uptake if the tree just refuses to suck anything up so then you that's a sure sign that the tree is too far gone and there's no point in trying to save that tree so once I have it all set up and pressurized it's up to the tree to take it in and really I could increase the pressure to 40 pounds even 50 pounds but it isn't going to make a difference how fast the tree takes it in it's really that pressure is just getting the chemical to the tree and once once the the lines the the hoses are all clear so you can see the blue the chemical is blue you can see it going in and once those lines are all emptied out then you can undo the pressure and unhook the tree and that's all it needs to be done now everything when we leave a tree that we've treated we we got a can of blue spray paint we put a dot on the street side of the tree roughly two three feet off the ground and that is a symbol that we've treated that ash tree that we plan on saving that ash tree it will also put up a pesticide sign down that says keep off pesticide that's something that needs to be done it's required by the the pesticide regulations for the state so they'll those signs will leave for a day and we'll pick them up the next day but the blue dot will stay so we'll always know that that tree was treated in 2017 as far as danger to people walking by or anything like that with the with the pesticide that we're using the the caution the word is caution on the on the label of this insecticide which is the lowest toxicity really it's not much to worry about since it's all going right into the tree itself there's there's nothing going to be on the grass or in the air or anything really to worry about as far as that goes as soon as as soon as I leave the tree and the blue dot will stay there but nothing else will be there that tree is safe to be around


Getting started in Google Sites. In this video, we'll be going over how to build a digital portfolio using Google Sites and get a detailed look at the example portfolio we will be creating. We'll begin to explore the features of the menu bar on Google Sites and go over how to create a site, change your theme, and add a navigation bar. This is what our completed portfolio for our sample student will look like to give you an idea of what you can achieve after watching this series. To begin the process of creating a digital portfolio, open Google Sites and log in with your Google account. Chances are you already have one of these, whether it be an account with Gmail, YouTube, or Google Docs. You'll immediately be presented with options to start a new site from the template gallery. Feel free to explore all the potential options or create a new site from scratch. For the purposes of this series, we will be using the portfolio template. Clicking this will open a new site with a blank template for a digital portfolio. The first thing we're going to do is change our theme. Click on the word themes in the menu on the right side of the screen. A list will appear with six choices of pre-made themes and one option to create a custom theme.  You'll be prompted to name your theme. You can also add a logo or a banner image at this time. Click next to choose a color palette for your portfolio. These are the colors that will be used throughout your site. There are 16 pre-made options or you can customize your colors completely using hex numbers, RGB values, or a color selector. Click next when you're ready to choose fonts. You'll choose one font for titles and headings and one font for the body text. When you're happy with all your choices, click create theme. Now in your side menu bar, you will see an overview of your custom theme. Here you can alter specific details of your theme like text size and spacing, font and color allocation, and various style options for buttons, navigation, and more. When you click on a pre-made theme, you can choose the accent color and font style. For this project, we'll be using impression with red accents and the font style capital. Remember your theme can be changed and customized at any time, so don't worry if you can't decide right away. The theme will establish the look and formatting of your portfolio, so feel free to play around with different themes and styles until you find one you're happy with. Next, you'll want to click the pages button right beside themes. This will take you to a list of all the pages on your site. Any changes you make here will be displayed on the navigation bar at the top of your site. The three pages that are included in the portfolio template are home, about, and project page. We'll be keeping these templates and adding a few new pages of our own. At the bottom of this menu bar, there is a plus sign. Click this. Three options will appear. New menu section, new link, and new page. Click new page and type the name of your new page in the box that appears to get an idea of the content to include in your Google site and how to create an outline. Take a look at our series called Digital Portfolios. Our first new page will be called Education and Experience. Repeat this process until you have all the pages you'd like included. We've also added a page called Testimonials and one called Contact. To change the name of your pages at any time, just double-click the title. We're changing Project Page to Projects. You can rearrange the order of all your pages by simply dragging and dropping them into the right spot in the list. There are six actions you can take once you've created a page. To access these options, click on a page in this menu, then click the three dots that appear to the right of your page title. A drop-down menu appears with Make Home Page, Duplicate Page, Properties, Add Subpage, Hide from Navigation, and Delete. Make Home Page is self-explanatory. A Home Page is the first page that someone will see when they visit your site. Click on a page you want to be the Home Page, then select Make Home Page. The page titled Home on our site has already been pre-selected as the Home Page. You can see that based off the small house icon to the right of the title. Our sample student has three projects she would like to showcase on separate pages, but she doesn't want them to all be in the navigation bar. This is where Add Subpage comes in. Click this, then add a project title. This creates a blank page that will appear from a drop-down menu under the title Projects in the navigation bar. Another way to do this is to click Duplicate Page and rename it to the title of one of your projects. Then drag the newly created page title onto the title of the page you'd like to be its parent. Doing it this way is convenient if you have multiple pages that you'd like to be in the same style without having to manually recreate them each time. Hide From Navigation will take any of your pages off the navigation bar completely. This could be useful if you want to remove a page but don't want to delete it entirely, or if you want a page to only be accessible through a link or button. For example, a page that you created for a specific job application, or one that you just want to link internally from a clickable object. Now if you look at your page, your navigation bar should be set up. Change the text on the left corner to your own name or logo. You can click on the gear icon that appears on the left when you hover over the navigation to further customize your navigation bar. Here you can change the color, position, images, and more. The last tab in the menu bar is Insert. We will quickly go over the features in this section now. Then explore the more in-depth in the rest of the series. The Insert section is where you will go to add any content to your portfolio. The first four options are Textbox, Images, Embed, and Drive. Textbox is self-explanatory. Clicking this will add an empty textbox under whichever section of your page you have currently selected. If you have nothing selected, it will be added to the very bottom of your page. Next is Images. Clicking this will prompt you to either upload an image from your computer or select an image. If you click Select an image, a window will pop up where you can access content from your Google Drive by URL, from Google Image Search, or from your Google Site's photo library. Clicking Embed will open a pop-up window to which you can either include a URL or HTML embed code. Clicking Drive will open up a menu bar with all your Google Drive content. Under these first four options there is a section called Layouts. These provide quick options for laying out your pages with text and images. Clicking any of these will add blank text boxes and placeholder boxes to which you can add any media. Under this is Collapsible Groups, which can condense any large blocks of text or images. Table of Contents, which organizes your content in an easy way for visitors to navigate your page. Image Carousel, to showcase multiple images. Button, to create a button. Divider, which creates a physical line on your page to visually separate content. Placeholder, which temporarily takes the place of any media to make it easier to format your page. YouTube, for embedding a YouTube video directly onto your site. Then some more specific options for inserting Google and Google Drive content. Calendar, Map, Docs, Slides, Sheets, Forms, and Charts. Here's a preview of what your navigation bar should look like when it's completed. To see yours, click the Preview button in the top menu bar. In the next video, we will begin the process of adding content to your site, beginning with the About and Skills page.


wore this dress in a video recently and realized that I had never filmed it for some reason. Best I can tell I made this a couple of years ago, but either way I'm here with it today. Before we take a look at all the details of this super cute dress, let me tell you a little bit about the jewelry I'm wearing. Both the earrings and necklace are from Anna Luisa. I've worn their pieces in videos before, and I've loved everything I've ever gotten from them. In addition to making stunning jewelry that fits my style, they are also a sustainable company. Crazy, right? Did you know it takes 20 tons of earth mining to produce a single ring of gold? And cheap costume jewelry is rarely recyclable, making it a huge waste. So I love that Anna Luisa uses 100% recycled gold and sterling silver in all of their products. This might sound like it would be expensive, but they eliminate the retail markup for their products, which keeps the prices as fair and accessible as possible. Their jewelry starts at just $49, and each of my pieces costs less than $90 apiece. FYI, big brands can charge up to 10 times the cost of production, but by eliminating this markup, you'll get quality products for way less money. Anna Luisa products come from the same jewelers as Tiffany's and Louis Vuitton. So they are very confident in their quality, so much so that they offer a complimentary one-year warranty on every product, which makes me just feel even better about ordering from them. If anything ever happens, I know that I will be able to have it replaced. In addition to the two pieces that I am wearing now, I also love these Frida earrings. At $49, these make such a statement. I am also obsessed with the Tia medium gold earrings. These hoops are so classic. They will go with absolutely everything. And again, at less than $50, you cannot go wrong. Finally, Anna Luisa has a whole collection of these layered necklaces that are just so, so beautiful. Obviously, it is the look of multiple necklaces, but all in one. This is kind of really hard to achieve on your own by buying individual necklaces and hoping that the links are correct and hoping that they kind of all go together. These layered necklaces that are an all-in-one, one-by-one clasp deal are really, really great. Of all the ones that they have, I really, really love the mist set. I just think this mother of pearl kind of statement bobble at the end of the chain mixed with the pearl beaded necklace is just so classic and so pretty. Okay, now for the dress that is highlighting these gorgeous baubles. This is McCall's 7602. And yes, that is a top pattern. But with this waist seam and peplum, it was so easy to hack it into a knee length dress. After lengthening it the proper amount, which for me was a little more than a foot, I had to trim away some of the skirts width because it was too wide to fit on the fabric. Now you can fit full circle skirts on fashion fabric, but you have to cut the front and back separately on one layer of fabric. And that just takes up a lot of yardage. I didn't have enough of my fabric to do that. So instead, I kept the waistline the exact same and drew a straight less angled line from the waist to my new hem, angling it so it just fit into the width of the fabric once it was folded in half. It still gives the skirt all the wonderful qualities of a circle skirt, just minus a little bit of the flare. I made Vucie because I love a flounce, especially on the neckline like this. The way it drapes is just so pretty and very feminine, which is just my style. I opted to not include the skirt flounce from VUD because I figured it would just get lost since I was using just one fabric. If I were color blocking or print mixing though, I would totally have added both flounces. Flounces are a fabric eater upper, but they are so worth it. The fabric I used, you might recognize, it was a very popular long running print at Joanne. It was from the Kathy Davis collaboration they did a few years back. The selvedge of the fabric says 2016. I remember it was in the clearance section as recently as last year though. I triple checked and it's no longer available in store or online. It is a rayon for sure. I'm pretty sure it's a rayon twill. It's definitely a little bit heavier than something like a shally. You might have even seen some people use this fabric to make pants or shorts. It would have made great drapey paper bag waist shorts. Nonetheless, a rayon twill is great for dresses too. I found something comparable that I think would be so cute made up into this dress. It's this lyoscel and rayon blend. I think the variegated stripes would make the flounce stand out beautifully and the skirt since it's a circle would not have the stripes running straight up and down. They would angle out the closer you get to the side seam. Can you see how the horizontal stripes on my dress kind of make rainbow shapes? That's solely because of how the skirt is cut. Cool, huh? It's a subtle but interesting design choice. If you'd rather have the stripes be totally vertical, you could convert the circle skirt to a gathered skirt. It just would be less flair and less spin worthy. So notes on the fit of this pattern. I made this a size too big for some reason. So it's got a bit more ease than I'm used to in the bust. For that reason, I had to add a little cam snap to the center front to keep the bodice closed. You've probably seen people use little metal snaps for this same problem, but I find the cam snaps are easier to install, look better on the inside of the garment, and are easier to snap and unsnap. I use them in all my bodysuits as well. To install this one, I placed one side of the cam under the flounce and is totally concealed from the front. This pattern also came out during a time that the big four, especially McCalls, was going through this strange phase where all their garments fit me in the front width-wise, but the backs were way too big by like four inches. The side seams of this dress hit me where they should, indicating the front width is fine, but in the center back where the invisible zipper is, I could easily pinch out a couple of inches. So when the rest of this weight comes off, I'll be sure to rip out the zipper, trim back the center vaccine, and reinstall it for a closer fit in the back.  I've really enjoyed wearing it. It is very comfortable and perfect for this insanely hot summer. We appear to be having drapey, floaty, nothing stuck too tight to the body is perfect when it's this hot and humid. I can't wait to hear what you guys think. Please be sure to leave a comment in the comment section below. Let me know what you think of my new dress. And be sure to check out the description box where I have links to the pattern, links to the variegated striped fabric that I chose, and also a dedicated link to Anna Luisa. Be sure to check out their jewelry, you guys. You will not be disappointed. I have a couple more pieces I'm going to be showing you in the next couple of weeks. I do have a code for 10% off your entire purchase. So when you go to check out at annaloisa.com use inside the hem 1-0 for 10% off your entire purchase. And then be sure to let me know what you've got. But that is going to do it for me today. Thank you all so much for watching and I will see you very soon. Bye!


Hi you guys, Lindsay here. Welcome back to my channel, Inside to Him. So I know that it has been absolutely forever since I've done a favorites video. For those of you that are newer to the channel, like within the last nine months or so, I used to do favorites videos every single month. And I think what happened was by doing that, I tried everything. I tried all the notions that I could possibly get my hands on. Anything that was new, unique, and different. I tried it. And I wanted to stay true to the whole idea behind a favorites and that I really had to love it if I was going to feature it on the channel. So even though I was trying everything, I wasn't necessarily loving everything. And so yeah, I kind of didn't have anything to talk about. But I've gotten the habit of trying a bunch of new notions and sewing tools and all that kind of stuff again here recently. And so I have enough things to put together for a favorites video, which is so much fun. But before we get into this year's favorites, I want to tell you about today's video sponsor, Aliso. Aliso is a super cool company focused on adding like a technological touch to your everyday appliances. They have a super cool iron that I've showed you guys a little bit in the past couple months. But I want to tell you more about it today. Their irons are mostly known for something called eye touch technology, which is just so cool as a cust millennial. If anything has like a technological aspect to it, that makes it more efficient or better or easier for me in any way I am all about it. So the eye touch technology is really when you are ironing or pressing something, you have your hand on the handle. And when you're done pressing it, you set the iron to the side, release the handle and these little legs pop up from the bottom, lifting the iron like half an inch or maybe three quarters of an inch off the surface of your ironing board. So you never have to turn the iron on its heel. And I've already noticed in the few short months that I've been using the iron that my wrist is so much happier not having to lift that heavy iron every time. You know, the iron is heavy in and of itself, but then you add all the water to it and it's even heavier. So I felt myself straining every now and again, especially if it was like a marathon sewing day toward the end of it, my wrists would be so sore. But because I'm just I'm not turning it on its heel, there's no rotation in my wrist at all. In addition to the eye touch technology though, it's actually a really, really superb iron. It's better than any of the irons I've ever owned in the past. And you know, I feel like I've invested in irons before I feel like the plate of the iron gets super hot. It's also super even, which is incredibly difficult to accomplish with a home iron. And the steam is much more evenly distributed. But also the way the steam comes out of the iron is more even. I don't feel like I get like sudden bursts of steam. I feel like it is a burst, but it's more distributed. And so I don't go through the water as fast. And like my clothes that I'm that I'm ironing are not getting drenched. They're truly just getting damp and steamed, just like they should. So the other feature that I love, love, love about the iron that I've actually never had before is a prolonged auto shut off. So this iron does have an auto shut off, but it's not until after 30 minutes of non use. And as you know, as so is we step away from the iron for a minute to go work on the next few steps, we may not be back, you know, five minutes later. So it's really nice to have that whole 30 minute window to keep going back and forth to the iron as you need it.  So that's really nice too. Anyways, the lovely people at Aliso have given me to give to you a coupon code for you to go purchase your very own Aliso iron. It is HEM20, H-E-M-2-0, and that will get you 20% off of all of their irons. I'm also going to be talking to you guys in the next week or so I think about the brand new, like still on pre-order, like nobody's really used it before except for me and a few other people, the Aliso mini. Oh my gosh. It's really so cute and I love having this guy next to my big iron. It's like mommy and baby, so, so sweet. So I'll be telling you a lot more about the Aliso mini coming up, but if you're looking for a new iron and you're considering investing in one, head over to Aliso, check out their suite of irons that they have available. If you purchase one, don't forget to use the coupon code HEM20. All right, so jumping into the favorites. So you guys know that I have been on the struggle bus with rotary cutters. I don't know why, for years, literally years, I wanted to use a rotary cutter, but every single one that I ever purchased from Joanne for whatever reason never worked and I don't know why. I asked you guys about it. I got a ton of ideas on what I could be doing wrong and ultimately I still was never able to truly figure it out. I still to this day don't know why the, how many do I have, one, two, four rotary cutters that I purchased never, ever worked. So to say I was a little bit hesitant to try out, this guy is an understatement, but thankfully it is awesome and I have loved every single second of using this. This is the Kai 5045 rotary cutter and this one is super cool.  Not only does it have this like protective shield, but there's no like swipe up thing. There's no like way to remove the plastic from the rotary blade. The only way to do that is to press down.  Then you can put your little case back on and you are good to go. So I feel like I'm just living a much more safe life with a lot less chance of me going to the emergency room for losing an appendage of some kind and I know that you guys are all super grateful for that. But the other thing that's really cool about the 5045 is it has this really neat feature on the back with the soft to hard little toggle. So if you are using a lightweight fabric and you don't need a ton of pressure, you can flip it over to the soft. If you're doing cottons or something mid-weight, you do it in the middle and if you're doing like upholstery fabric or denim or something like that, you move it over to the hard and the rotary cutter itself adjusts so that you don't have to necessarily apply more pressure. The rotary cutter somehow does that for you. So I have tested this out on a few different fabrics with great success. I mean it's not like it's not like if you use the hard setting on a delicate fabric, it's going to rip it to shreds or anything. It doesn't. It just goes deeper into your cutting mat. And then same thing for like if you're using the soft setting on a denim fabric, it's not like it's not going to cut it. It does.  So it still works. But if you remember to toggle this thing around, it will do a lot of the work for you, which is really, really cool. So it also comes in the itty-bitty, which I have also been using for like arm size and necklines and little rounded curves. But this has just been so great to just like zip around pattern pieces even with like the most finicky of fabric. So I'm in love with the Kai rotary cutters. I hope that you guys will check them out. I have a coupon code and a link in the description box so you guys can check out that. So the next thing is this clover bodkin. And a bodkin is something that you use to feed something through a tube or something else. This one is specifically designed for elastic. It has this little contraption on the end where you slip your elastic into this little area here. You snap it closed, you snap it closed, and then it grips on to the elastic. Now I have tried a lot of different products to help get elastic through a casing. And so I was a little bit skeptical because inevitably it always comes apart and let's go with the elastic.  And then whenever you get to the seam allowances, you're always like, it's not going past the seam allowance because it kept getting they kept getting stuck in the, you know, vertical seam allowances. So needless to say, I was a little bit skeptical, but after the very first time I used this, I was like, this is genius. It works. It's awesome. This little thing grips the elastic so tight, you you're not going to lose the elastic, you can actually feel the elastic almost pulling on the inside and it's not budging. It's not going anywhere. It has this really neat tip on the end. And so because it's shaped kind of like an arrow head where it's flat this way, and then tall and skinny this way, it is going to get through all of those seam mergers connections, whatever you want to call them. And it just makes threading elastic a breeze. So I have not had the opportunity yet to try this on anything other than elastic. I would like to try it with like a drawstring or some kind of fabric application. I'm sure that it would still be great. I mean, if it can hold the elastic, certainly it can hold like a little piece of fabric too. But yeah, this little guy by Clover is amazing. I got this from Nancy's Notions. I will have a link in the description box. So go check it out. I love this guy. Love, love, love. All right. Also from Nancy's Notions, okay, is something that I didn't necessarily think that I needed, but I saw it and I was like, this could be cool. Like, maybe you don't need, but it could be cool. And that is these little, like, I guess they're like plastic weights. They are pattern weights intended for, you know, holding down your pattern pieces. But it's not just this. They come in shapes. So you have a curved one like this. You have an angled one, 90 degree angles like this.  And I got to tell you, it's awesome. I really, really like it. So in the past, I was using those hexagon tiles that I got from the hardware store, but you have to use so many of those.  But with these guys, I can put this along the hem. I can put this in the corner where the waistband is. I can put these all down the side seams. And they're substantial and heavy enough that nothing is going anywhere. So I found it really great to be able to just pop a couple of these on a pattern piece. And it holds the whole thing down. I don't have to worry about shifting at all. So these are really great. They may not be a need. Like, I know a lot of us have made our own paper weights or you can go like I did and find an economical solution like the hex tiles. But I'm telling you, like, if you want something that is going to make your life just a whole lot simpler, I really highly recommend these guys. I've been just, hello, that's my shirt. Thank you. I've been storing them in this little container and just keeping it right above my cutting table. And it's done really, really well for me. So I also love those. So again, these are also from Nancy's Notions. So with that, that is going to do it for my first favorites video of the year. So yeah, hopefully I'll be able to bring you guys some more favorites videos and some more videos just about notions in general. So look forward to that. If you have anything that you want me to try for my favorites, whether it's from Nancy's Notions or otherwise, let me know. I'm always, always taking requests for that. You can leave it in the comments section below or you can DM me or any of those wonderful ways of communicating. But that is going to do it for me today. Thank you all so much for watching and I will see you all very soon. Bye.


What's going on everyone? Sam here with late in sports cards. We're up in 2022, Topps Dynasty, and Gilded Collection, Baseball, Hobby, 8-Box Mixer, number 2, Random Team Style. Here's a look again at your random results. As always, you can find those on the website under the results tab, as well as the link in chat. Good luck here, guys. Let's do it. Dude, you should see, man, he just, just, the size of the case in person is absolutely insanity. The case is gigantic for Gilded. Oh, yeah. It's an 18-box case, too. Yeah, Gilded, too. So it's like, yeah, it's giant, dude. I don't know, when we were doing, like, when we were doing, like, full cases of it and stuff, we'd like to bring it, it'd take up, like, the entire cart, basically. Just have to stack everything on top of this. All right, good luck here, guys. Let's do it. I have an extra auto in here. There's an Olin Aranado, 299. That is a Rocky Devers, 28 of 50 for the Red Sox. First auto, Matt Manning. Nice one there for the Tigers, 8 of 99. Tigers, Matt Manning. We've got Colton Welker, that is 10 of 50. Rookie Auto for the Rockies. It's so crazy, Tyler. Salvador Perez, 2 of 10 on the Lava. Nice one there for the Royals, as well. All right, and our Frames card. Framed Auto is Rhino, Rhine Sandberg, 23 of 25, going out to the Cubbies. There's one there, Chicago. Rhine Sandberg, Gilded Collection, Framed Auto. All right, box two of Gilded. Yeah, that's going to mean not so much to match. It's going to be in 23 bone and draft. That's the one with Brady in it. Dude, that's super. Is it him playing, or is it just him? My God, it's going to probably be him photoshopping in either a National Expo's uniform.  Holy cow, bro. Lars Newpar, 66 of 99. He's got this team. Good God. Good God, bro. Yeah, 40 of 50 is going to be Greg Maddox. Holy, Reed Deppmers, 49 of 50. Oh, is that who it is? One of one, Shohei Otani, Super Fractor, boom, for the Angels.  I don't know about this one, but good Lord, dude. Let's go, man. Showtime, baby. Holy hell, dude, one of one. Good God, get that magged right away. Congrats. That's Chris D with the Angels. Let's go, Chris. There's 25 of 25, Barry Larkin for the Reds. Nice one there. That is not terrible for sure. That is an insane card right there. It's right, man. Barry Larkin, 5 of 25 for the Reds. Good Lord, dude. Let's go, man. I know. I guess we got to keep breaking in here, bro. We're going to keep pulling Shohei, one of ones. Good God. Keep it going. Good gosh. Start with the Jake McCarthy rate wave on the back for the Diamondbacks, 25 of 25. We've got nice Jeff Bagwell for the Astros, 46 of 99, one of the Killer Bs. There you go, Houston. Many Machado, one of 50 for the Padres. Oh yeah. By 835, Seth Beer, Rookie Otto, 52 of 99 for the D-backs as well. Nice one there, D-backs. I got a lot more orders coming in, guys. Thank you, Tony.  Thank you, Tony. Garrett, Greg. Thank you, guys. Appreciate that. Let's do our frame card now, and then we're into our queso dynasty. Nice. John Smoltz, 67 of 90 for the Braves. Nice one there. Nice Smoltz. Gorgeous sig on that one, too. Very nice. All right. Full queso dynasty now.  No idea, Charlie. Man, because you've got the, you've got an entire world for the market with that thing. Nice. Luis Robert, five of five. There you go, White Sox. Nice Lou Bob. That's the first vertical one I've seen. Game Youth Patch Auto from La Liga Select. Messy 101. Yeah, I think I pulled one wander really early on. One of the first cases I opened, and then that's the first one since then. Kind of wild, actually. All right, seven of 10. Aaron Nola. Game Youth Three Color Patch Auto for the Phillies. Nice one there, Phillies. Aaron Nola. Yeah, another guy. Another one of the best. No, it's Patch Auto. Patch Auto. Yeah, Game Youth Two Colored Patch Auto. The patch had to be from like a team name or a brand name. Yeah, it was like a pretty solid patch on it. It was like a pretty cool patch, like very worthy to be on a 101. One of 10. Price Harper. There we go, Philadelphia. Congrats, Phillies. Dude, that's sick. Jake S with the Phillies on the hoppa. Snag a pic of that one, too. I see something lower. Yeah, I would say the Shohei could be around there, too. The Shohei could be around there for sure, Shane. That's a big time card, man. Three of 10. Greg Maddox, the professor. That is a three-colored Patch Auto for the Cubs. Cubs, Greg Maddox. That's awesome. It's got a shot, for sure, I'd say. I'd say it's got a shot. For Harper, it demands a trade to Vegas. Vegas's got to get a team first, though. Oh, man. A's got to move. Got to move there. All right. Here we go. Here we go. Here we go. 9 of 10. Ozzy Albees on the logo patch. There you go. Braves. Nice one there. Atlanta. Ozzy Albees. That is sick, dude. Very nice. Very, very nice. That is sweet. I see a quick recap here, everybody. Weird recapping dynasty, but I'm going to do it.  John Smoltz to 90. Seth Beer. Barry Larkin. Reed Detmerz. Ryan Sandberg. Colton Welker. Matt Manning. Your Gilded Hits. We had Greg Maddox to 5. No, it's a 10. Just kidding for the Cubs. Aranola to 10 for the Phillies. Luba 5-0-5 for the White Sox. Rice Harper, one of 10 for the Phillies. Nice one there, three-colored Patch Auto. Ozzy Albees to 10 for the Braves. Then we had one-of-one Super Fracture from Gilded Shohei Otani. Unreal, dude. Unreal. Unreal. God, dude. That is going to do it for the Brake. Thank you guys again for the Phill. Next up, we've got basketball.


Hello, and good afternoon, good evening, or good morning, depending on where you're joining us from. Welcome to Engineering for Change, or E4C for short. Today we're pleased to bring you the latest in E4C's 2017 webinar series, Empowering Citizens Through Technology to Reduce Marine Plastic Pollution. My name is Rob Goodyear. I'm the managing news editor at E4C, and I'll be the moderator for today's webinar. Before we get rolling, I'd like to thank the E4C webinar series team. They host informative presentations on a monthly basis, and you can find information on upcoming webinars, as well as archived videos of past presentations on the E4C webinar's webpage, as well as our YouTube channel. Both of those URLs are listed on this slide. Please use the email address on this slide to send the team your questions, comments, and recommendations for future topics and speakers. That address is webinars at engineeringforchange.org. And if you're following us on Twitter today, please join the conversation with our hashtag E4C webinars. Before we move on to our presenters, I'd like to tell you a bit about engineering for change. E4C is a knowledge organization and global community of more than 1 million engineers, designers, development practitioners, and social scientists. We're leveraging technology to solve quality of life challenges faced by underserved communities. Some of those challenges include access to clean water and sanitation, sustainable energy, improved agriculture, and more. We invite you to become a member. E4C membership is free and provides access to news, data on hundreds of essential technologies in our Solutions Library, professional development resources, and opportunities such as jobs and fellowships. E4C members enjoy a unique user experience based on their site behavior and engagement. The more you interact with the E4C site, the better we will be able to serve you resources aligned to your interests. For more, please see our website. It's www.engineeringforchange.org to learn more and sign up. Our next webinar is next month on May 17th. It is called Product Design Simulation and Modeling with Fusion 360. It will be presented by Andrew and Maureen at Autodesk, Sustainable Simulation Lead at Autodesk. Please see the E4C professional development page for more information and registration details. And if you're already an E4C member, we'll be sending you an invitation to the webinars directly. A few housekeeping items before we get started. Let's practice using the webinar software by telling us where you are in the world. In the chat window, which is located in the bottom right of your screen, please type your location and if you'd like where you are from. If the chat is not open on your screen, try clicking the chat icon in the top right corner. You can use this window to share remarks during the webinar. And if you have technical questions, just send a private chat to engineeringforchangeadmin. So go ahead and give that a try and let's see where some of you are calling from. Okay, great. Thank you. Some of them are coming in right now. I see we have people in older Colorado representing Northern Mariana Islands. Thank you for joining us. Savannah, Georgia, beautiful town. Minnesota, Newburgh, Indiana, Slovenia, Switzerland. Great. And we also have a caller saying that they can't hear audio. I have some advice for you. So let's see here. You can try turning it off and turning it back on again. That's the try and true advice for computers and it applies to these webinars also. If you have audio or visual trouble, try hitting stop and then start. And you may also try opening WebEx in a different browser. During the webinar, please use the Q&A window located below the chat to type in your questions for the presenter. And if you don't see it, click the Q&A icon in the top right corner. If you weren't aware, E4C webinars qualify engineers for one professional development hour. To request yours, please follow the instructions on the top of the E4C professional development page after the presentation. You can see that URL right here on this slide. Let's take a moment now to tell you a bit more about today's webinar. TestingOurWaters.net empowers citizen scientists to track and prevent marine plastic pollution by designing and distributing easy-to-build, inexpensive, do-it-yourself, trawls. Hang these trawls out of a bridge, boat, or shoreline and collect plastic trash in the water. You can use your haul to help identify where the trash is coming from. In this webinar, Barron Rock will introduce the project and share trawls designs and techniques for taking action to protect our oceans. Barron is a designer and educator dedicated to sustainable products, practice, and services. He's the co-founder of the award-winning Sustainable to Restore to Design from Grow Design, creator of the LA Green Drinks Network and former executive director of Sustainable Works. He now teaches courses in sustainable design at Parsons, the new school in New York City, while independently designing sustainable solutions. Welcome and thank you for joining us. Thanks, guys. I'm going to get started here. Hopefully, we'll start to share a keynote, and it looks like it is. If you can just give me a heads up and make sure I'm seeing everything. Are you guys seeing this full screen? I'm going to talk... Thanks, Rob, for joining us. I...or for inviting us, rather. You mentioned the next webinar, the Fusion 360 webinar. The products that we have designed for this project have all been done on Fusion 360. And so I teach CAD modeling, and so I'll send my students to that webinar as well. It's a great program. It's incredibly inexpensive, if not free, if you're a student or educator, and it's one of the reasons we chose it for this project. So I'm going to talk today... First, I'm going to give you context about our project, and then I'll involve making sure you understand what marine plastic pollution is.  You know how easy it is. You'll understand the different environments in which to trawl. We'll show you how you can document your findings and what we have been doing. And then I'll show you ideas for designing your own trawls. At the end, we'll look at our next closing thoughts and next steps for this project, and I want to be sure and leave time for Q&A at the end. So just to make sure we're all on the same page, I want to start by going into the marine plastic pollution problem. So you may have heard this referred to as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch when this first became part of our public consciousness. This is what it was referred to. It's not totally accurate. The next description given was it was a garbage island, and while there are plenty of horrific pictures like this around the world, what we're talking about is not really an island either. And in fact, it's not even really a soup, despite even though there are terrible scenes like this and there are wildlife being hindered all around the world, soup isn't quite accurate either. The best way to think of this problem is as a plastic smog. This is actually a computer model representing where the plastic has been accumulating over decades of pollution. Based on the work of five gyres, we now know that it amounts to 270,000 metric tons. This is our first estimate that came out in late December 2014, and that comprised from 5.25 trillion pieces. This is just an enormous problem in a very short period of time. You know, less than 100 years we have completely covered our oceans in plastic, including finding plastic debris and particles and fibers in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. So how did they arrive at these numbers? Well, they used a little device called a Troll, and here it is, not really in action. It's more just sort of dumped over the side of the boat. When it's in action, the boat's moving a little bit faster, but this will give you an idea. Troll comprises of, most importantly, a net. Some type of floating device, usually, although sometimes we find that weight are the better thing to apply. And then in opening and hardware to connect everything, pull it along. So it's not that complicated. One of the challenges with this issue is that the material fits just below the surface. Here's where five gyres went to establish that 270,000 metric ton. You can see they went all over the world. The name of their organization comes from the five largest swirling currents referred to as a gyre. So the five biggest gyres in the world are in the North and South Pacific, the North and South Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean. And you can see in each of the gyres, they found small, medium, large, and extra-large pieces of plastic in very large quantities. Here's what they found where I am in New York City. This was in the Hudson River. You can see the Troll in action at that point being pulled along. And here are the particles that they found in June 2015. How did we get here? Well, we have increased exponentially the amount of plastic production primarily after World War II. So we have seen a skyrocketing growth in the production of plastic in the last 50 years. And yet we see actually very, very little being recycled. This graphic comes from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation. They've done excellent work on pushing for a circular economy. And you can see very clearly that out of a massive amount of plastic production, only 2% is getting closed loop recycling of the 14% that is collected. So we have this massive amount being generated. Only 14% gets collected. We've used some for process losses. Some gets down-cycled and only a very small percentage gets closed loop recycling. We need to change that into a much more robust circular economy. As we talk about this issue, it's helpful to think of this analogy. If you saw this seed in your kitchen, you walked into your kitchen and you saw the water pouring out of the sink, this response would not be to grab a mop, it would be to shut the water off at its source. And we need to think of the plastic pollution problem this way. We've seen a lot of interesting solutions attempting to clean our oceans. But it's helpful to think back to this analogy whenever we encounter those because the plastic is entering the ocean at a garbage truck a minute. 8 million tons are added annually according to the United Nations Environment Program. So until we go and shut off the tap, until we cut off the source of the plastic, any efforts to clean our oceans are going to be misguided and missing an opportunity to really target the problem. So how does this project attempt to do that? Well, I'll give you a little background. It began when we started collaborating with five gyres. I knew them from my work at Sustainable Works in Santa Monica and I wanted to assist them with my design background. So in conversations with them, one of the things they mentioned is that they were getting calls all over the world asking for the trolls. They wanted people, academic institutions, scientists, citizen scientists were contacting them saying, can you send us a troll? Can you tell us how to build a troll? And so the project began by just doing some dimension drawings. This was actually before Fusion was around and did these drawings for them and this started the collaboration. So we began to realize that this could be a really helpful way to help disseminate the data collection. So when the opportunity arose to participate in something called a design swarm and maybe some of you have done this, it's kind of like a hackathon meets design thinking. Well, the International Design Society of America, IDSA, had a national conference called a design swarm and was chosen to participate. It was a form of a competition where each group would spend three hours generating different ideas and then you would present your idea at a very short time point. And I thought, well, if I'm going to do this, I want to do something like what the new school did for the Solar Decathlon. It was really inspired when I first started teaching at the new school by the Solar Decathlon, which maybe some of you are familiar with. It's an excellent project, maybe even some of you participated in it, where universities around the world build a house that is solar powered and they live in it for a week and demonstrate the possibilities of a solar powered home. What was great about the new school's entry is they thought not only about the competition but how to build something that would actually buy out. So while there are all these great homes that get built for the competition, they often end up sitting in a parking lot somewhere back on campus. The new school's project is now providing a home for a family outside of Washington DC. So I was really inspired by that and I thought, okay, we're going to do this design swarm. Let me bring a project that can hopefully have some lasting value. So we brought them the idea of... Well, we brought them the idea that became testing our waters when we participated in the design swarm and over the next three hours, we kind of created this idea of a project that would make it easy for citizen scientists to data collect plastic pollution. We won the competition and presented in front of the IDSA National Conference during that time. So we went from a little workshop on the side of the conference to then presenting in front of everybody. We partnered with five gyres who have done really pioneering work in this field. They're the ones who created that troll that I showed earlier. The New York New Jersey Baykeeper have been critical partners in testing our various trolls and getting us out on the water to find out how successful or not successful our different new designs are. We have received grants from the New School's Tishman Environment and Design Center and Autodesk Foundation of both the very generous in getting this project off the ground. It enabled us to bring on some great research assistants. China is an environmental policy. Graduate student in Nishwarya is a product designer that's really instrumental. What was great is most recently in Charleston, South Carolina, there was a conference called Breaking Down Plastic. We were invited to participate there and speak and troll, but what was really inspiring is that they became sort of the first proof of concept where after they let us contact us and said they were interested in building one of our trolls, we sent them dimension drawings. One of the most recent designs that we had come up with, they took those drawings, they had access to a welder at the South Carolina Aquarium with the organizer of the conference. On their site, they had a welder, so we sent them drawings for a troll but if you had access to a welder, that would be a good one to use. They took the drawings, they built the troll and you can see the results. It was successfully testing their waterways for plastic. Well, that's the good news. The bad news is that unfortunately and predictably, they found plastic. We step into our site, testingourwaters.net, one of the things that we're building out and it's really kind of a soft launch. We're still in the process of building it, but one of the things that we think will be very helpful for people to get started is to look at the troll matrix that we have created and identify various trolls that we have built or linked to and list them by price, by number of components, by our estimated build difficulty, and then what type of environment it is best suited for. And then whether or not we've seen success or failure at these different environments. So some trolls are successful in all environments. Some trolls work really well off a bridge but don't work well in a water environment. So this is a, we hope, a handy way to decide where you're going to be trolling. You want to think about, you know, is it a boat or open water? Do I, can I do it easily off a bridge or can I walk a shoreline?  So one of the first ones that we created was a hardware troll designed by Marcus Erickson. And it's made from $40 in hardware store parts. There's an air conditioning duct, a paint filter for a five gallon bucket, and then just a large plank of wood. So it works as a bridge troll, but as you can see in the bottom picture for a boat troll, it doesn't stay up above the surface the way we want it to. And as I mentioned, the plastic often sits right on the surface.  So here's another design that we had called a buoy troll. This one is a realization of a concept that came from the design swarm. And the idea was that it could be initially 3D printed and then mass produced. We created a section, if you were to look at a section of this, kind of like an airfoil for an airplane wing. And that actually created problems. So as you'll see, it kind of oscillates in the water. This isn't a movie, it's just an animated gift, so it's a little choppy. But instead of staying smooth on the water like we want it to, we kind of overcompensated that airfoil shape caused the troll to want to dive down into the water and then it jumps back up out of the water when the slack on the tow rope, finally it's forced to pull it up out of the water. So it's kind of like a little dolphin action there. While we're kind of fun to watch for a little bit, it doesn't provide us the data that we're looking for. So we started simplifying things. This is a picture of the Guana Canal in Brooklyn. And we said, well, let's just make it really simple. And we know that there are a lot of people that will have access to a bridge. Let's just test the pollution that's moving in and out of the canal. And so this is a really simple troll, just the rim from a five-gallon bucket with a hose clamp holding it on. You could use a rubber band and some type of weight. I mentioned that you don't always need a float. Sometimes you need a weight. In this instance, a weight is really helpful to keep the orientation of the opening facing the incoming plastic. We have a course that we have been developing these ideas even further. One of the first things we did in the course was assign the students to design a troll from IKEA parts. IKEA is globally accessible, usually very inexpensive. And we thought, you know, there might be something that they can find at IKEA that could work really well as a troll. And in fact, that's exactly what happened. This is called the frog troll for obvious reasons. Very similar to the bridge troll. This one doesn't need any tools at all, just binder clips, rope, and some form of a weight. Rob helped us with putting together a blog post that you can find on the Engineering for Change website as well. So it's a really easy way to get trawling. We have Instructables pages, and we're going to be fleshing these out more and more. We got to catch up a little bit with some of our latest developments, but right now there are four different trawls up there. The three I showed, plus one that the students called a trablee, which is using a tambourine as the opening for a trawl. So we continued to develop different concepts. The buoy trawl became the ray trawl. We wanted the trawl to stay right on the surface of the water. And so this is a concept that we see developing into a mass produced item. And we're really pleased with the way this works. Hopefully you can see that animation now, the movie capturing just how steady this trawl was at staying on the surface of the water. So we'll be continuing to develop this concept. But we were also, the last time we went out on the water, the challenge here in New York City is that we are one of many challenges that we can't go trawling 12 months out of the year. So one of the last times that we had to go trawling last fall, we said, well, let's capture some of the other ideas that we've had for various trawls. And at the last moment we decided let's weld together that concept of creating a really simple frame and using the disposable bottles, the problem. Disposable is a big source of the plastic pollution. So let's use the problem to help with the solution. Let's use those as flotation devices. Plastic as a material is wonderful. It's inexpensive, cheap, and it has incredible durability. But when you use it for a disposable item, that's when it becomes a problem. So we built this trawl, welded together the frame, and then attached, in this case, like a big jug on the sides. And we're really pleased with how well this trawl stayed on the surface as well. And so this is the trawl drawings. Our drawings of this trawl is what we sent to South Carolina Aquarium and got there, got them up and testing right away. Here's the workshop that we did last month. We used just a water taxi and had five trawls coming off of that. You can see them on the picture on the right, a number of different trawls. And I'll go into the most recent ones. So we were excited to get back under the water. We couldn't do it here in New York, but by going to that conference in South Carolina, we were able to test our latest trawl, which was taking that recycled trawl and simplifying it even more. We know that there are a lot of schools and academic institutions that have access to 3D printers. So this might not be something that somebody can do in their home, but an organization could do this easily with a 3D printer. So instead of a welded frame, the frame consists of two 3D printed parts, which are on either side of the opening. The filament for the 3D part is made from recycled bottles. So the 3D part is made from recycled bottles, and then we're using, like the recycled trawl earlier, we're using disposable beverage containers as the flotation device. And we're really pleased with how light and portable and it's compact. This trawl folds up and you can unscrew the bottles, and the whole thing gets really small. But then, as you can see, works really well. The total material cost is less than $15. So you do need access to a 3D printer, but at this point there are a number of schools that have them, and so we're looking to distribute them as soon as we make a few adjustments to the 3D file. So once you gather the material, you're going to want to process it. So every time we've gone, we've found plastic. How you then process it is important. So we're still building this part of our website out. We just put some additions on this week. There'll be more next week. There'll be more in the coming weeks as we close out the semester. So if you go to the site, it's constantly evolving and changing. But you'll see something like this under processing where you can go and look at the image, look at what you need, and then scroll down. And like the blog posts on Engineering for Change, kind of like walk you through the instructions of how to process it. First, you want to turn the net inside out. You want to let the sample dry. And then you want to use tweezers to meticulously pick the organic from the inorganic material. Take a look at it against the 5mm net. And then post what you found, a picture of what you found. We're going to be collecting that on our pollution page. So I showed you images of us trawling on the Guwanis Canal. Here's one of those expeditions, what we found in the Guwanis. And this is after just 15 minutes of trawling. This is the amount of pollution that we were collecting. Designing your own trawl is really simple. Hopefully you kind of see that the key components are, you've got to have a net. We're using a 5-gallon paint bucket filter. They're sold for about $2. You buy them in bulk if you get it for about $1.50. You can use it a couple of times, but they do rip much more easily than we would like. And so we're collecting them and then processing them and then recycling them. But it's an inexpensive way to find out how polluted your area likely is. You need some kind of frame to hold the net open. You can't just put the net in the water. You have to have something that holds it open to some type of frame. Then either floats the weight to keep the opening in the net on the surface of the water. The plastic that we're finding is the plastic that floats. A lot of the plastic that's polluting our ocean sinks, and we'll probably never get to that material. But we can use the floating plastic as a barometer for the pollution problem and to find out where is the pollution coming from. So underneath all of this, the project is how can we crowdsource the data collection and identify where the source of the pollution is coming from. The next essentials in a trawl, you've got to have something to pull it. And then there are connector pieces to hold either the net onto the frame or the rope onto the frame. So you need some type of hardware. We have a template that you can manipulate. We're just trying to make it easy to show, get people understanding that it's really easy to get started in doing this, send us drawings. We can help design the trawls along with you. If you have a design that you want to share, we would love that too. We're seeing the project as being an aggregator and collector of all kinds of interesting ideas for citizen science to get trawling and to find out just how bad the plastic pollution is in their area. Next steps for us include integrating some apps to show where you were when you found that plastic. We're tapping these various apps, whether it's Clean Swell or Literati, it's a great one. It's not really for marine pollution, but we really like the visuals and the community that they're building around that. There's a great TED Talk from Jeff Kushner, the founder of Literati that just came out this spring. Marine debris tracker was one of the earliest apps to, if not the first, to really address this issue. And importantly, they recently added the ability to track over distances, which is important for our trawling app. The Clean Swell of Literati and the South Carolina Aquarium will show you where you're picking up a piece of trash, but for our purposes, we need something that can track from point A to point B, and then we can evaluate how much trash we found in getting from A to B and make some assessments as to how polluted the waters are that way. So, instead of just picking up the piece of trash at one location, we need it to be able to track over distances. And we're working with a marine debris tracker to get that, to get our project set up. Absolutely, we want to be, you know, once you find out how polluted it is, we want to be pushing for policy change. There's a great example. By five gyres, you know, they were putting out information like the graphic in the background talking about how many microbeads were being produced. And it's an inspiring story because they went from finding microbeads in their trawls around the Great Lakes to three years later getting President Obama to sign a microbead ban. So, it was inspiring to see that they took the science and made policy change in a relatively short period of time. Next steps for us, we're going to have a more promoted launch. Like I said, this is kind of a soft launch. We're still refining the website. Here's kind of a peek behind the curtain into our website architecture. We're looking to make it really clear how you would build your own trawl designs and fleshing out the instructions on our website and on the Instructables page. Closing thoughts, I hope that you all feel that you can get started, that you can go out and try trawling wherever you have access to water, whether it's walking on the shore, dangling it over a bridge or pulling it behind a boat. Last week I tested the trawl, we're calling the Re3DP, the recycled 3D printed trawl. I tested the Re3DP trawl behind a pedal boat, or sometimes they're called a paddle boat, those boats that you just kind of leisurely cruise around a lake, and that trawl worked well even on a slow-moving boat like that. So, I hope at the end of this you feel that it's something that you can get started and doing. We would love feedback on the trawl matrix. We hope that that is a helpful tool in selecting what kind of trawl you want to build and to begin trawling, or that you understand that this is something that you can design on your own, that you just need a net, a frame to hold it open, floats or weights, something to pull it, and connections. And you can start testing the pollution levels in your area. So, we'd love to see folks get involved. I want to leave time for questions, so if any of you have them, I'd love to take the time that we have remaining for Q&A. Thank you, Barry. That was very interesting. And a great presentation. I love the videos and all the photos. There are a couple of questions that have come in for you from one of the participants. And if anyone else who's participating right now would like to ask questions, please go ahead and type them into the Q&A field. It's right under the chat field. The first question, Barron, is if there are any large ships that are trawling? The largest trawls that are happening are like the ones that I showed early in the presentation, like the Manta trawl. So that's a trawl that's been... I made several versions of that. They're usually all connected to some type of NGO, some type of nonprofit organization like Five Gyres, and they're specifically going out and doing it for that research effort. It doesn't mean that that couldn't happen in the future, but that boats that are commuting essentially could also begin doing this, and that would be a great way to get more feedback. It would take some relationship building, but it's certainly something that could happen in the future. Okay. Thank you. Another question is about where to... The person is asking if the slides that you showed will be available so they can see how to build the trawls. But I'll jump in and say that this presentation is being recorded and it will be available on our site and on YouTube, but I imagine you, Barron, have a good answer to that. I'm sure these are available on your website. Yes, you can go to testingourwaters.net because we're essentially towing a net through the water, so testingourwaters.net. And you can find the various trawls, and you saw the instructable page that we're building out. We have some of our early trawls on there and we'll be adding the most recent trawls as well to that page. So it's constantly evolving and changing, so keep coming back and looking for latest developments. Thank you. Another question, have you thought about or seen any kind of negative effect on marine life from the trawls? Occasionally, sadly, we'll see jellyfish or something in there, but what's helpful is that you're on a boat and so the fish will generally move out of the way of the boat and the plastic doesn't, and so you can collect the pollution without having, you know, really detrimental effects on the aquatic life. They move out of the way when they hear or see or feel the boat coming and the plastic just sits and floats on the surface and you can collect it. Another question, have you seen any major differences in the types and the size of plastic in different areas around the world, maybe based on currents or has it been fairly uniform? No, the currents play a big part when you have access to the slides and in the presentation, you can go back to that plastic smog image that's from Five Gyres. You can go to their site and find more, but yeah, what's happening is that the plastic is accumulating where the ocean currents swirl, and so it gets polluted into the ocean, gets brought out and broken up into sea, it's degrading but just broken from a big piece of plastic into a smaller piece of plastic, but it's still plastic and it's being ingested and it's working its way up the food chain. So plastic serves as a sponge for a lot of nasty toxic materials and so unfortunately when fish ingest it, which of course happens, it then becomes part of our food chain if we're eating fish. So it's something that the plastic is always pooling in those currents. Most recently, last week I think, there was an article that talked about how the plastic, after kind of swirling around in various currents, is then being kind of dumped into the poles, into the Arctic area. So now they're seeing plastic from nowhere near where they're finding it in the Arctic Circle, they're finding plastic accumulating there. So the hypothesis is that it's being sort of swirling around and then dumped into the north or south pole where they're finding it, accumulate, where there's no source anywhere near where it could have been coming from. So they're hypothesizing that the plastic is actually being dumped from those five gyres into the poles. Question about your work. This person would like to know, this person said that they were expecting more of a focus on reducing the pollution problem instead of hearing about measuring it. And you addressed why it's important to measure it in the beginning of your presentation and I'm sure when you're explaining your work to people, this is one of the things that people might ask about. What do you say when people ask you about reducing it instead of measuring it? Well, we're measuring it in order to be able to cut it off at its source. Efforts to clean it are just going to be exercises and futility at this point because it's entering at such a huge and rapid rate. It's a garbage truck a minute or 8 million tons annually. So we've got to cut off the use of disposables. We've got to prevent it from entering our waterways in the storm drain system. So big picture we need to dispose of disposables. The convenience factor gave us a short-term benefit but now we're seeing the long-term repercussions of that disposable mentality, that disposable society. So we need to move away entirely from disposables which is sort of a linear thinking approach and move to a circular economy approach because we've got one planet and you cannot run a linear system on a finite planet indefinitely. We've done it for a short period of time but now we're seeing the feedback. Our project tries to make visible the plastic that's already out there because since you can't see it you can look out over the water and see this beautiful blue-green ocean and think that it's a healthy ecosystem and in reality whether it's the ocean or the rivers or the lake there's plastic sitting just beneath the surface that has been building there. So we're trying to illuminate that problem and then hopefully use once the project is up and running full force use the ability to crowdsource the data collection to identify where is it coming from, where is the plastic entering our oceans and prevent those symbolic, you know, the analogy to the dump trucks. We've got to prevent those dump trucks from entering or back to the analogy in my presentation to turn off the faucet, we have to shut off the tap. Yeah, I thought that one dump truck every minute was a powerful image. It's a powerful way to express that number.  It's like, oh, we have a mess, let's clean it up but we have to understand the rate at which the plastic is entering our ocean. We're not going to be able to keep up. We need to cut it off at its source. Another question, and I'm also just going to tack on one of my own to this. What activities are you involved in trying to persuade people to take part and do this trawling themselves? I guess that's besides present in E4C webinar. And my own question is how has that been going so far? How much participation do you have and what's your goal? Yeah, that's really kind of the next phase is to have a promoted launch. We have, as you know, Five Jars is one of our partners and we have connected with their ambassador here in New York. They have global ambassadors. And so we're going to arrange different events that will allow interested public citizen scientists to engage. So that's kind of the next step once we kind of fine tune our website is we'll have an event, you know, also right now we can't get on the water. Nobody's out on the water just yet, although we do have some warm days. Once the weather breaks here in New York, we're going to be having different events and we'll promote those on our new Facebook page but we'll also share with our partners who have a more established following with New York New Jersey Baykeeper and Five Jars to help us tap into their engaged citizens to show them that, you know, this is a way for you to get involved. Okay, great. Another question is whether this type of equipment, if you ever considered whether it could be sold to volunteer organizations to help get them involved? Yeah, you know, we saw the, eventually what we're going to be doing is having those, like the re3D pre-trial, the one that's from recycled materials. We'll have that as a downloadable file and we'll have the links to how you can order all of the roads and the nets and the hardware. So it'll be really easy for you to just click and build these components yourself. We also are going to be establishing a presence on Public Lab, which is a great citizen science portal for all kinds of projects like ours. So Public Lab is sort of an aggregator of environmental, citizen science, data collection projects, and one of the members of Public Lab I teach a sustainable systems class with and so we, you know, we made the connection recently on a boat for the class and realized, hey, this is a great fit. So they'll eventually will have a kit available so you can just order a trawl and make it that much easier for say a non-profit or a school to just get started. But that'll be on the intermediate future in the short term. We'll have the file and links to where you can order the parts yourself up available shortly so you can build this on your own and get testing right away. Great. I have another question for you if you don't mind. I was wondering if just based on the data that you've collected so far, are you, is there enough right now that you're able to see any kind of trend in the type of plastic or the source to be able to make any statements about where it might be coming from? Not yet. No. We'd love to do that but, you know, we don't have enough data to be able to make those determinations. Eventually we will. You know, right now we're still kind of testing the trawls and, you know, making sure they collect the material and do it easily and get as inexpensive as possible for anyone that wants to do it, whether it's an individual or a group. So once we get all those things out, then we'll start to be able to develop some trends and then, you know, identify where the sources are. One of the things that's kind of interesting on that issue is when they started trawling globally, they had some estimates in mind and when they came out with that number, it was actually lower than what they thought it would be. So even though that number is so huge, it was actually smaller than what they thought it would be and the hypothesis is that it's being ingested. So there are some particle sizes of plastic that match up with organisms on the food chain really closely and they were missing that size. And the thinking is that, you know, fish were eating that size plastic. Thinking it was a meal. And so as part of the study, they think that might be why the numbers might be a little bit lower because of the ingestion of plastic into these materials. It's become routine now. Not just, you know, we've seen the work from Chris Jordan and the atrocity going on at the Midway Atoll with the Laysana Habatros because the way they feed is almost identical to the way a trawl collects the floating plastic. So they're scooping up hoping to get fish and they're scooping up plastic and then killing their young and ingesting it when they regurgitate the food into their mouths. So we've seen that, but now it's also become routine to see whales and other large sea creatures that are ingesting such massive amounts of plastic that they perish because of the pollution and the plastic pollution in their digestive system. Sadly, we're going to see more and more of that. Well, that's sad. Is there anything you can say on the last note to pick up our stairs? Well, we created this problem, so it's not inevitable, you know, which means that we can also solve it. And the issue is, you know, sometimes we see these numbers and we're like, oh, you know, sometimes the response might need to shrug your shoulders and despair, but it's helpful to remember that if we created this problem, then we can solve it. We can design circular economy business models. We can get rid of the notion of disposable packaging, which isn't really disposable. It just, you know, creates a problem somewhere else. So knowing that this problem is not something, you know, inevitable that we have to live with, but something that we can solve, I think, is helpful in addressing it. But if we don't know it exists, then we're not going to do anything. And so our efforts are partly to illuminate the issue of this pollution that's sitting just beneath the surface to hopefully motivate more and more people to do something positive to fight it. Great. Thank you so much. And thanks again for taking the time to present your work. It's been very interesting. And I hope that the people listening take the time to check out your site, maybe get involved with trawling yourselves. And thank you all for attending. If you're after a professional development hour, you can see the code on the screen right here. And if you have questions, please email us at the email address on the screen. And don't forget to become an E4C member, and we'll send you more information on our upcoming webinars. Thank you very much. Thanks, guys.


Hey Psych2Goers, welcome back to our channel. Are you subscribed to Psych2Go? According to statistics, only a small percentage of you who watch our videos are actually subscribed. If you enjoy our content and would like to support us, do consider subscribing. This helps YouTube's algorithm in promoting more of our mental health content. Thanks for being here.  They seemingly said nothing wrong, but the tone they used implied something else. You're doing great for someone with your kind of experience. Wait, what? What's that supposed to mean? Truth is, passive aggressive people just have a sneaky way of using aggression, so they aren't flat out caught with ill intentions. Instead of handling their negative feelings, they express them subtly through passive aggressive actions. The term passive aggressive was first used clinically in World War II. Soldiers who refused to comply with officers orders were described as passive aggressive. Passive aggressive behavior is characterized by indirect resistance to the demand of others and avoidance of direct confrontation, often by pouting, procrastinating, or misplacing important materials. So why do people use this type of behavior? Well, here are a few of the reasons and they may just surprise you. Number one, they have passive aggressive personality disorder. Some people may even have passive aggressive personality disorder. While PAPD is not a medical diagnosis, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, explained that it was a negativistic personality disorder and included the term PAPD as a proposed diagnosis. It is now viewed as a personality trait, personality syndrome, or dynamic behavioral pattern that people can exhibit. According to the American Psychology Association, passive aggressive personality disorder is a personality disorder of longstanding, in which ambivalence towards the self and others is expressed by such means as procrastination, dawdling, stubbornness, intentional inefficiency, forgetting appointments, or misplacing important materials. These maneuvers are interpreted as passive expressions of underlying negativism. The pattern persists even when more adaptive behavior is clearly possible. It frequently interferes with occupational, domestic, and academic success. Those who often experience PAPD may have underlying mental health conditions as well. Number two, it's easier than being assertive.  Do you find it hard to assert yourself? Some individuals simply haven't had enough experiences where they've needed to be assertive. Many haven't developed the social skills necessary to assert themselves and manage their emotions. Therefore, passive aggressive behavior is an easy go-to when you lack the skills needed for emotional management. Number three, they desire revenge. You've all seen your favorite revenge flick. Either the main protagonist is seeking sweet revenge by targeting the villain for his wrongdoing unto them, or maybe your favorite antagonist seeks revenge as well. For many, revenge is the way to go, but it's not the healthiest. It's hard to provide evidence for passive aggressive behavior. Someone who exhibits this behavior often has a perfect excuse. So if one is seeking revenge, they may go unnoticed by others due to the vagueness of comments or actions. The true aggressive intention remains hidden to everyone besides the aggressor. Number four, anger is not viewed as socially normal.  Many children are told that anger is something that we should stop feeling. Childhood is a critical time in emotional development. Being repeatedly told to suppress your emotions can have serious consequences in development. Anger is often viewed as the unattractive emotion we all want to hide away, but it's important to teach children how to handle and express their feelings. One one is not taught how to express negative emotions in a healthy way. They could look to passive aggressive behavior as a means to communicate it. Number five, hostility with a smile is less often called out. So you're now an adult who has been constantly told anger should not be expressed. Socially, it's often unacceptable to openly talk about anger. So you find another means. What is socially acceptable? Hidden aggression said with a smile. As long as you're smiling, you simply couldn't mean it that way.   Number six, they developed the behavior in childhood. Many researchers believe that those who often use passive aggressive behavior learned the behavior in childhood. Child abuse, cruel punishments and neglect could cause a child to develop passive aggressive behavior. Researchers also theorize that parenting styles could be a major influence. A disruption in a child's authority figures such as parents, teachers or caretakers could have an effect on the development of this behavior. Learning how to assert oneself in childhood and even now can help prevent this behavior. It's important to note too that some behaviors are often mistaken as passive aggressive behavior. Certain health conditions have symptoms similar to the behaviors. Some associated with passive aggressiveness include anxiety disorders, ADHD, bipolar disorder and depression to name a few. One can also exhibit passive aggressive behavior while suffering from a mental illness. This behavior has been known to compromise successful treatment of other mental disorders. So it's important to recognize the behavior and work on it with a mental health professional as well. If you recognize that you often exhibit passive aggressive behavior, you're already on the right step to learning how to manage it. Some tips to implement?  Attempt to calm yourself down with a few deep breaths. Ground yourself in reality and identify why you feel this way. Moving forward, try to be aware of your behavior and opt in to express your emotions in an honest and healthy way. So how often are you passive aggressive? Do you have your own reasons as to why you sometimes use this behavior? Let us know in the comments down below. If you found this video helpful, don't forget to click the like button and share this video with someone who could use it. Subscribe to Psych2Go and hit the notification bell icon for more content like this. And as always, thanks for watching.


for the Yankees tonight. Let's hear from Aaron Judge. Aaron had mentioned some missed opportunities for you guys offensively. Do you feel like as a whole because of this road trip and how it's been going you guys were pressing a little bit? I wouldn't say pressing just yet. I feel like we're still taking a lot of great at-bats. You know we were looking up there we you know guy evils you know pitch count up to a hundred there in the fifth sixth inning. I just we just couldn't really get that time we hit you know guys are taking great at-bats. Just not getting the results yet so we just got to keep showing up you know putting the work in and results will change. Where is the frustration level at right now considering you guys have not been playing your best baseball? Anytime you lose it doesn't matter. It doesn't matter how you lose if you lose you're not really too happy about it even though we're you know in first place and you know still nine games up you know these are games that we should win and like I said it just comes down to just the little things we're doing and just got to really lock it in on some little things based running defensively in the box but a little turn. What do you think needs to happen for it to turn? That's a good question.  Pass up a ton you know if you're not gonna get any pitches ahead you know we'll leave it up to the next guy and trust the next guy behind you that you know they're gonna get the job done. That's what made this team so successful early on in the year was it was just you go up and down this line up and you couldn't find it out. So now we're just gonna get back to the basics you know trusting each other to get a pitch ahead you know step up and do the job but if you don't you know pass it on the next guy and get it done. Karen how encouraged have you guys been what you've seen from the last couple of weeks? It was incredible you know especially to come in here in this situation and the eighth inning like that with a rowdy crowd and you know to one game it's a tough thing to do you know but he's been you know locating this fish as well you know attacking haters putting the pressure on them and when you do that with the type of stuff he has run up to a hundred you're gonna get good results. Aaron do you think it's been the difference for him just really attacking guys and going after him or laying the count? I think that's the biggest thing is you know when you got this type of stuff he has and you're getting an 0-1, 0-2 counts instead of you know 1-0, 2-0, 2-1 counts and letting kind of hitters you know maybe gear up for a heater you know certain counts like that and you're kind of keeping them off balance you know those 0-1, 0-2 counts you're gonna have better results so it's it's just been fun to see so far and we can get him back to doing what he normally does and you know we're gonna be a good spot down the road. Aaron do you sense any frustration in here at home? Yeah you could go around this whole room I think every guy could you know speak up and say that you know they had to pick it up a little bit including myself so you know but like I said if we lean on each other start you know picking each other up having each other's back you know we're gonna be in a good spot here down the stretch. I think this is like those 49 games off tonight. Are you where you want to be? As a team? You know we're in first place that's where we want to be but you never want to be too early so this is you know this all these games all these situations you know big moments like this on the road you know it's just getting us ready for games on the stretch and in the postseason when we're playing games just like this against tough opponents so you know we're not where we want to be.


Transfer learning, TL, has been successfully applied to seizure detection problems, where it is able to leverage knowledge from other subjects to improve performance. This paper proposes a novel approach called cluster embedding joint probability discrepancy transfer, CJT. Firstly, the joint probability distribution discrepancy is minimized to reduce the distribution shift between the source and target domains. Secondly, a clustering algorithm is employed to identify the best subjects for transferring knowledge. Finally, a correlation alignment-based source selection metric, SSC, is introduced to select the most suitable subjects for transfer. Experimental results show that CJT outperforms existing methods and demonstrates its effectiveness in improving seizure detection accuracy. This article was authored by Xiao Nanchui, Zhou Enchao, Jiao Pinglai, and others.


The tea plant, chameleus anensis, is difficult to culture in vitro, making it difficult to study its genetic makeup. Recently, however, researchers have used high-thru petalumina ionasec to obtain a comprehensive transcriptum dataset of the tea plant. This dataset provides a wealth of information about the genetics of the tea plant, including the identification of genes involved in the production of flavonoids, the anines, and caffeine. Additionally, the dataset reveals the expression patterns of these genes in various parts of the plant, providing insight into how they may contribute to the overall health and quality of the tea leaves. This article was authored by Chen Qi, Li Yiyun, Sun Zhen, and others.