I'm live on Think Tech, I'm Jay Fidel and this is Trump Week every Wednesday we do this at 11 o'clock and we are happy to do it this week because there are so many things worthy of discussion. So on the show today we have Tim Appichella my co-host Stephanie Dalton at home and Winston Welsh at home. We're all at home as a matter of fact we're doing we're doing the right thing by social distancing. So this was a really interesting week a revealing week if you will to see what we really got in our president in a time of you know unadulterated crisis. Tim what comes to mind at first? Well all the press conferences and all the ups and downs of our commander-in-chief one minute being serious about the corona 19 virus and then being completely flippant and not serious and then you know the recent developments of basically making false comparisons of a normal flu and the deaths that are incurred with a normal flu and car accidents and the death that's incurred nationwide with car accidents and trying to then tie in the corona of 19 mitigation or the the clampdowns of the economy and saying well there's except basically he's implying there's acceptable losses with the corona 19 deaths so that we don't tank the economy and I found that really jaw-dropping and I just really couldn't believe what I heard. Yeah and other people have copied him you know some of his Trumpers have copied him and my favorite one was a guy named Patrick. Patrick is the lieutenant governor of the state of Texas and he said you know these these old people you know why don't they sacrifice themselves on the altar of the stock market and it'll be easier for us if they just die and go away. I thought that was really interesting and it's an extension of what Trump was saying inter alia. Stephanie what comes to mind for you? I find that so off-putting I mean hardly presidential so once again I think you know his advisors must make mighty efforts but they're not very successful at keeping him presidential or much less on script so it just shows that his priorities and notions for where we're going in this crisis have nothing to do with all of us they have all to do with what's going to be in his best interest and entertaining those kinds of really extreme suggestions or recommendations I think is just revealing a little opening to see where he really is so it's sad after all his experience for these three years and there have been some things to his credit he's still not overcoming the challenge of how to be presidential and how to lead and how to unite and how to help us solve this dreadful crisis. My favorite part of one of those those conferences where for the second half of the conference about an hour long he launched into a discussion of his own altruism and how he was a billionaire many times over and he was providing you know service to the country and they should everybody should appreciate how much he's doing for the country he's doing this for the benefit of the country. I actually almost lost my meal at that point in time but he went on for like half an hour and I said this is not the issue the issue is not Trump the issue is people dying from coronavirus we're in a crisis he doesn't see a crisis he sees a campaign rally which he can't have actually with people you know in a big room or a big campaign rally so he tries to do it in these conferences. Winston what about you I'm sure you had some sharp response to some of the things he's been doing this week. Well you know as you know I I am completely dismayed as our half of the people in this country and maybe more with this the the whole presidency it's a crushing blow to who we are as Americans but maybe more concerning to me is that the approval ratings of this president are at an all-time high they're matching is all-time high so it either tells me that people we've had such a disconnect between what is presidential and what is not and and that's the fact that that his grants and lies and misinformation on a daily basis which are can be quite dangerous and not and not just in the time of code but in general to our nation the fact that this is passing this presidential and as authoritative this is really scary we have an educational spiritual moral crisis of the first order in this nation and it's evident by those by those results and I realize people do want to support their leaders we do want to support our leaders but we don't have the leader that we can that's commanding support right now we have a lot of other people though that have stepped up to leadership in state governors Inslee and Cuomo and Great State of California Governor Newsom we have even in Hawaii here where our own mayor and governor have worked together to get a quarantine up and treat this as a serious threat so companies are stepping up nonprofits are stepping up people are stepping up and they're realizing we have to bypass the information that we're getting right now and try and suss through the truth and we need media to do it we need this show to do it we need a lot of people to step up and do that and they are doing that so again my faith in America is is constantly renewed despite the battering that it takes sometimes by people who purport to represent the best values you know Winston there was Jeff again who wrote the piece but there was a piece this week about how Trump oh yes it was a daily coast KOS right and they were they created a petition for you to sign if you felt that Trump that the networks should not carry these press conferences that trump does live they should comment on them afterward but not carry them live because they're too confusing to authoritative and therefore confusing when he lies would you sign a petition like that you know what's the petition going to do you either know that their lies are not and the people that have drank the deep orange Kool-Aid and sorry I don't want to just disperse Kool-Aid but they it's a religious belief it's a like a cult but they they believe that he is absolutely right he demands our our obedience and I don't want to say our worship but but certainly that he's right signing a petition is meaningless who's going to read it who's going to listen to it I don't put much stock in that they've been signing that saying sign this thing since day one and it won't make a difference people tune in half the time I think just to see what outrageous thing he's going to say and the other half just to say oh well he said this so therefore it must be true because he does he speaks the gospel truth so I don't put any stock in that I think any person in this country who wants the real news has to has to search for you've got to look it doesn't mean that you need to I'm not saying that the media is not true there are different opinions out there and you need to go through that yourself and do some some soul searching and see what seems right for you but certainly without the whatever's coming out the documented lies that we see on a daily basis are not the truth the other truth that we need to find out around that is up to each of us individually and collectively as well to discover you know Tim to demonstrate the depravity of the ignorance out there I want to mention that you know you and I did a show which was entitled the question is is coronavirus a hoax okay and now Trump was saying that early on you know before he admitted that it was a serious problem it was not that long ago actually it was when he first started talking about the coronavirus epidemic later pandemic but we get responses we get comments on YouTube when we post our shows and I told you that on this show and maybe you've seen yourself on this show where we where we ask that question we have gotten an enormous number of comments and I would say more than half of them are from people who actually today now think that Trump was right when he said it was a hoax it was just really chilling they're still locked on to what he was saying before talk about a blind following they remember what he was saying before he's changed his tune since then but they're still agreeing with what he said before that it is a hoax what's your reaction to that well my reaction is exactly what Winston said and that there is a anywhere from 38 percent to 40 percent that have drinking the orange Kool-Aid doesn't matter what he says they believe whatever he says whatever he does and they believe it's the right thing the bottom line is whatever he says that these press conferences they now have to say okay that's what I believe particularly when now he's being a little bit more serious about the virus some of them are begrudgingly starting to follow those words but if you looked at all those comments and I think we got over 75 80 comments and I would say I disagree I think we had well over 80 90 percent saying that yes the coronavirus 19 is definitely a hoax and what do you say to that you know low information voters I don't know how you want to classify them but the bottom line is it's it's really unbelievable and then you know we have a wartime president quote-unquote wartime president who's acting less than a wartime president he's acting quite petty in a lot of instances if I might just cite one example I don't know if you guys caught it or not but I saw a quid pro quo taking place yesterday's interview with Fox Fox interview in the Rose Garden and I don't know if you guys caught it or not but he said uh referring to Cuomo in New York is that they have to treat us well also they can't just say gee we'd like we should get that or we should get this um it almost like he was dangling support in assistance to New York if they weren't respectful and nice to Donald Trump if they weren't I saw it as if they weren't um singing the praises of Donald Trump he may or may not render assistance from the federal government and so and I'm sure that there's many of his followers saying yeah that's a great idea if they're not respectful to you and and kiss your toes and your feet then withhold withhold all support yeah you're not the only one who found a quid pro quo there that was easy to find in what he said and in fact I've seen a couple articles for the same proposition using that term that he was demanding a quid pro quo from Cuomo uh really amazing and I thought it was you know it was accurate he wasn't necessarily criticizing Trump he was criticizing the the federal response and and Stephanie what about the federal response can we drill down a little what what have the response been in terms of supporting people supporting doctors the hospitals the people who were sick uh what what is the response in providing needed equipment critically needed equipment and and supplies and and testing equipment um how do you how would you rate uh well first tell us what has Trump actually done and how would you rate his efforts well I must say I rate them very lowly that they here there's no response he refuses to take the recommendations to enact that production uh act that comes out of the 50s and has been used many times by other leaders to redirect the manufacturing a process in in the country to make the airplanes that you need to go take on the Germans or whatever it is but um that has has been very painful to listen to the pleas and and the importuning of the medical people who don't have any of their clothing that they need to go in and be protected and they're getting sick so we're facing a further prospect of disaster is when these people in the medical profession who are willing to risk themselves as they're getting sick they're dropping out and we have less people to take care of the people who are increasingly sick so I I think it's so um short short um minded he's just not thinking about how this is um something is going to come back on him so I think that that those and that that plead from the medical community is across all media and how that can be ignored is beyond my understanding and I think the American public is aware of that um so as far as his response it's been pitiful and scary and uh uh we're going to see things get a lot worse because of it but I think that um he's as Tim was saying I believe that he's already practiced quick bro quo with California he's done a lot of that with California so they weren't even supposed to get any disaster funding or FEMA from previous disasters remember the fires and earthquakes so um he's trying to withhold um support for things he doesn't like there and unless they play ball with him he's not going to support them well now I think there's some other forces um at work but I think the question is what is the federal government supposed to be states are the um powerhouse for each one each one of them has its own status as a state I mean went to war over states rights in the civil war states are powerful in their own right and the federal government and the states together create a bigger prospect of unity and support and safety so the fed is there to be a promoter of states rights and a facilitator of having them meet their their goals which is the best prospect for the nation and builds on so there's some real confusion and tension that wasn't I don't think intended to be there in this arrangement we have of the United States you know which is a kind of new federalism you know in the old tension between the federal government taking action and this leaving into the states it goes back to the constitution but the republicans over the past decade or two you know I've really focused on that and their idea is the federal government should do as little as possible and lay it off on someone else on the states and that seems to be what trump has done he's saying to the governors you do it you take care of it you order the ventilators you order the supplies I'm really not going to help you and I'm not going to really activate the defense production act because I want I want people to come to me companies to come to me and and offer their services but I'm going to take affirmative action on this the whole thing sounds like a politician setting things up so that he can take credit for success and deny responsibility lay it off on someone else if there's a failure what do you think about this new federalism we are seeing on an issue that's so critical to the country well can I just say that and I'm just going to say Pence is not there anymore he's coming on and doing all of these things himself instead of using the people he appointed to move this initiative forward so that is very confusing and a lot of those experts are not there anymore including Dr. Fauci so he's at the center of all of this and taking the lead on everything exactly as you say it's he's trying to get the credit for anything and and also requires people to come directly to him it's I didn't I'm very interested in the tutors as I'm sure you all are but I had no idea I was going to get to have an experience of living under Henry VIII as we seem to be having now speaking of how the federal system works so. Well you know Donald Trump is a master politician he's he has his finger on the pulse of America and I certainly don't mean to disparage half of the people in our nation who are good folks or people of their friends or family there are co-workers who fervently believe that that he maybe he has warts maybe he's ugly but what he promotes is right fundamentally whatever whatever that is and then the other half says no that's not the America that that I believe in or that we believe in and this has really been happening probably I don't know if it ever stopped happening since the civil war honestly it's more genteel now and you know you could see this in an issue like easy things like right not to be fired from your job or denied housing if you're gay or lesbian half the states have protections half the states don't it's been 10 years since any state adopted protections the last 10 years they decided this 10 years ago basically Virginia just decided this year to join the states that have protections first southern state to do it it's not a sea change but it just lets you know the states pretty much have already decided this where you live who you associate with what you believe what your media source is we've already become a new federalized system whether we like it or not maybe it's I don't know maybe out of this we're going to be have something that's more we'll develop more robust systems so that such that if this is going to be the new order then we need to have resilience built in maybe it's the western states joined together or the southern states or the the middle states in more compacts of stronger association like the old map h&t was so that if the federal government is not going to start they don't believe in these certain rights for people or if they're not going to respond in certain ways or they want to have laws that are more akin to the people that reflect the people that are there maybe it is it's already gone that way and we're just wallpapering it over I don't know but it seems like there's a lot of fighting that says no you have to believe this and the other half says no you have to believe that and there doesn't seem to be a lot of happy compromise in between but I mean I'd like to think that fundamental rights and responsibilities of citizens are guaranteed across this land and it doesn't always seem to be that way and yet we're moving towards a more perfect union and that may be that we have better ideas percolating at the top that I don't know I don't I don't have the answers but certainly a lot of questions and answers will be given in the next six months a year and forever forever more not get this uh crisis ties down you're a very kind person Winston I must say um you know the reality though is that the federal government has um abdicated its role in my view on on the on the crisis it hasn't done I mean if we here had a few minutes to decide what we would do as president it would be completely different than what he was doing that what he's done and doing so he's abdicated and he's he's laid it in the in the hands of the states but then he hasn't funded the states which actually takes takes us to the probably the biggest issue to discuss and we only have a few minutes to discuss it and that is uh the bill that trump is involved in the republicans are involved in which apparently has just today passed the house and senate and is now the law a bill of over two trillion dollars and the tension which took 10 days to resolve was the republicans wanted to give it all to business and to this you know this this discretionary fund uh under the control of minutian um and the democrats wanted to give it to the people the working steps around the country and to save them from a recession that would be very personal and disastrous for millions and millions and millions of people so my Tim why don't you lead off what happened here uh why did we get into this tension what is wrong with mudville that we should pose life against wall street i think we learned a lesson from the uh tax cut the tax break to the corporations and as much as i don't like to give donald trump credit i'm going to give him some kudos on the following he said i don't want to see the corporations do a buyback of their stock i don't want to see that at all and i was good for him to say and i think that was the basis of why the republicans couldn't exactly get exactly what they wanted and that was big tax breaks payroll cuts uh you name it uh taking care of corporate america and taking care of the one percent and i think this bill does hammer out and does serve um taking care of the larger corporations but also small businesses direct tax relief to uh you know everyone who's affected by this virus shutdown and it's not the best it's not even close to the best bill but i think there's there's a compromise here and i think if you look at the details of this two trillion dollar bailout there's something for everybody okay stefany what do you think about the bill what do you what do you think about the effects of spending two trillion two plus trillion dollars uh in an economy you know from ultimately tax receipts in an economy which is on its back how's that going to work out and do you agree with it on a moral level i think that uh that the final um out the outcome is more moral and more addressing needs than than um anything that was proposed previously so i think that um we may have something that has um stimulated um that certainly the the economy some it seems to be there's signs of some appeasing the stock market issues because it has value uh for those who need who who require more help um i think that um it it hasn't really solved anybody's problem because we're increasing the deficit and we're going to have to end up paying all of this back but but on the moral side of it it does it does put people's feet to the fire as to how it is that they're going to pump back into the the levers that are going to bring us back to normal again so if that ends up less than what we did with the tarp and all of that during the financial crisis everybody understands there were some mistakes made but that was a crisis situation and that we can do that better and hopefully what the outcome is is that it's better but i think that winston's point about the lack of leadership at the we just have no leadership so we look to this bill and its prospects and its power to influence and um and and change the direction of our economy and then the the the the desperate status of the people in the nation and especially the medical community as we said before so um we're looking to those kinds of things alone we have to use that to make to bring us back together and i think that that is really pitiful when you think of the leaders we've had in the past in these crises that really transform the nation's way of feeling and thinking about our status and how we're going forward so um it's very we're operating under such a huge deficit even though we have two trillion hey how good is that that's great but we have no leadership to bump that two trillion into something that can converts our minds and and our hopes so in that regard go ahead and well i i just wanted to bring up quickly that i think there's some paradigms going on here paradigms in other words people are so confused there's no nothing to grasp and so some people like what was said before with the sectionalities in the country yes they're those that are coalescing but also people have paradigms so that the cult paradigm for trump what else is there that's what pulls it pulls them together and our paradigm that's um emerging having to do with biden which has been which has made me think about this which has been so enormously um amazing in that everybody is kind of following the lead of south Carolina and that's true that you know winston doesn't give you doesn't just trouble you in some way i mean there's two trillion reasons for abuse there's two trillion reasons for corruption and i and i suppose instead of spending a week on fine-tuning exactly who is going to get what and you know in the working man section what working woman section um they spent 10 days arguing about how they would control trump and stop him from putting it into a mirror lago which was a real concern by the democrats that's what they were arguing about the control on the discretionary fund and i'm not sure they actually handled that i'm not sure they actually handled the the problem of who do you give what to be equitable so we have here a bill that was done with with very little drill down you know attention to detail um do you think this is going to work uh and do you think it's going to work for the economy going forward it is a huge amount of money and it's a huge bill to pay back uh what are your thoughts about the way this ended up winston boy it better work i'll just say that you know people are hurting out there this is an unprecedented economic crisis if nothing else which is why you know you hear these musings though we're going to start the economy on easter i don't think so it's not going to happen as far as i can tell but you know this the administration has been a hallmark of really corruption and um this does not nothing like that surprises me uh who cares if we give him the money to buy mara lago if it helps it's already going there anyway on some level he's telling people to stay in this house there's been no separation of his funds i'm not worried about that i want to see these these people especially the 55 million americans who are um you know independently employed they need relief this is just not for people who are you know working in the for corporation we needed across the board and it's interesting political and interesting articles and about the Donald Trump was exactly the president we need because he's not a not a budgetary uh a hawk on this that you know these ideas that were dismissed as lunacy a month ago like andre yang's giving a universal income or uh you know handing out but you know even to the point where probably universal healthcare will come in and then donald trump can claim it as his own and say this is the good for the people because he is a master politician so if it means spending two trillion or four trillion or probably what i read today six trillion you know what in the end people don't care they don't care because it's just money it's going to be some inflation down the road we've been we haven't cared for a long time how much money we're spending where we're spending it or how we're spending it so adding a little bit right now or a lot of it actually this time it's needed and if it makes a difference and gets people to pay the rent to buy food to pay for medicine and then possibly some more down the road to to restart things obviously a lot of it's going to go to corporations a lot of it's going to be corruptions and and political payback that is that is uh absolutely going to be the case in any one of these government handouts it doesn't matter what administration it's under this one's just going to be more egregious than in the past but i'm all for it to get whatever we need to do to help people out right now that every man and every woman on the street out there so there's going to be a lot more to come where this came from thank you winston so tim you have the unenviable task of summarizing and predicting what's going to happen till next week prediction look for dr anthony foushee to hold his head once again on on front of the podium in disbelief as donald trump pontificates about the corona virus and his self-perceived reality of what the virus is and how to cure it that's one prediction number two is just realize that this economic relief is a drop in the bucket for all those many millions of people who are not working and the amount of checks they're going to get in the next month or two is a drop in the bucket so prediction we are going into a deep recession as a result of this corona virus no two ways about it i know the stock market's jumping up a thousand here in a thousand there but when the death toll starts to ring in and people really go into a you know a very fearful mode um the economy is to produce that what it needs to produce that's jobs and revenue for for america that's my prediction okay well that's all happy news but the story is this this guy's going to go shopping for groceries and he's told he'd better wear you know a mask and gloves when he goes and he comes back and he says you know you lied to me you lied to me uh they um i wore the mask and gloves but uh they told me i should wear clothing too it's everybody else i tried i didn't do a very good job at that anyway thank you very much you guys time means everything jay timing is everything thank you hey jay i'll leave you with one thing shaka's not shakes shaka's not shakes so in the future this can be our universal symbol of how you doing no more all right all right you guys oh good next week for trump week and if you look if you if you wait a little bit we'll start our show on corona virus corona watch thank you all thank you jim thank you stephanie thank you jay i love you


The following is a production of New Mexico State University. New Mexico's children, our community's future, priceless in value. Like generations before them, they play, grow and learn. But these kids are growing up in a new world where everything moves at a fast pace and everyone is expected to do more in less time. Today's kids need a lot of energy to keep up. Food is fuel and nutritious food is vital to their developing bodies. They need five servings of fruit and vegetables a day and only get about two. Kids eat an increasing amount of fast food or processed foods and most of the food they eat, healthy or not so healthy, is consumed at school. Now, they are facing serious, sometimes life-threatening obesity-related consequences. Today, over 31% of all children are either overweight or obese. It's expected that in this generation of children, about 35% will develop diabetes. And it's also expected that this generation of children will be less healthy than their parents. Yes, they play, grow and learn, almost like mom and dad once did, but with some important differences. This generation can play without ever leaving their chairs. They suffer from an increase in screen time, that is, time in front of the TV, computers and video games. Our children are growing, not only growing up but growing out. Obesity is on the rise and nutrition-related diseases such as diabetes are developing in children at younger and younger ages. Our children are learning, learning to eat quickly to keep up with their fast-paced school day, learning that their food comes from a restaurant or grocery store. Some communities in New Mexico and across the nation are working to turn this trend around. Nutrition educators, farmers, school officials, parents and politicians are beginning to support and implement an initiative designed to help today's children grow up healthy. Our children's health is our community's future. The Farm to School initiative includes a variety of programs and activities that bring fresh local fruits and vegetables to school cafeterias, offer nutrition and cooking education, create school gardens, develop wellness policy changes, place healthy foods in vending machines, arrange farm field trips and visits from farmers. These programs bring farm fresh foods back into the lives of children. Eating the sometimes new and vital foods and taking part in various forms of education and awareness-building activities can make a big difference in the health of our children and strength of our communities. In the last decade, we've seen an explosive growth in farm to school programs from just a handful in 1996 to over 1,000 in 2006 in 32 states. With farm to school programs, what we hope to do is increase the health of our children as well as help keep our farmers farming. With these diet changes, we are not only decreasing the visits to the school nurse, but we are also helping children to concentrate and learn and improve their test scores. 200,000 children in New Mexico eat school meals every single day. So 65% of the food that is eaten by many children is eaten in schools. There are many players in the world of farm to school and it takes all of them to make the initiative successful, starting with farmers. Throughout New Mexico, there is increasing interest by farmers in selling to schools and by schools in purchasing New Mexico-grown products such as leafy greens, chili, onions, melons, and apples. I farm about 10 varieties of apples and my major apple is red delicious. I like being hot here in the open air and it makes me happy to see people enjoy where I grow. As part of the New Mexico Apple Council, Fred and other growers apples get sent to the schools of Albuquerque, Santa Fe, and Taos districts. One of the challenges initially was figuring out how to go from just one vendor and move into more than one vendor for produce and it's actually been a pretty easy adjustment because the farmers are so willing to work with us. So we've now started an apple council where we can purchase all of our apples through one person, one group. So Craig, what is the apple council and can you tell me something about it? The apple council has been around since 1965 and it was basically formed as an educational group primarily of New Mexico apple growers from around the state and recently it's functioned as a clearinghouse for sales of fruit and some vegetables to the public schools. What are some of the figures of their sales? We had sales of about $12,000 in 2002 or 2003. From that we're up to around $400,000 in 2005 and it's certainly not all apples. About $100,000 of that was apple sales. The rest of it was watermelons for example, potatoes, green chili and mixed greens. My name is Eddie Villarde, I'm from Villarde, New Mexico and I'm the 10th generation apple grower. We raise apples, peaches, pears, plums and nectarines. We've been selling to the School for Kids program for about two years now and this past year we sold a lot of our apples, 90% of it went to the School for Kids mainly Albuquerque Tows and Santa Fe. If the marketing wouldn't come along with the Apple Council and New Mexico Ag we probably wouldn't be selling everything. Years ago we used to sell it all to truckers and then those guys retired, got older and the stores didn't buy directly from truckers. So we had years and years that we had to let it just drop off the trees or throw it away. So this has encouraged us to keep on planting. It gives us more employees. It's expanded our operation and makes us a viable income for us. Apples are picked from the trees at their highest point of ripeness. Loaded into bins, taken to the packing shed, run down the line where they are cleaned and sorted and packed. Apples are sorted by size. The 138s are perfect for school children because they are a little smaller than the ones you see in supermarkets. It's been a very good market that's developing because I can sell some of my smaller apples in bulk. My smaller apples used to be there to bag them. There's a market for them. The apples are kept in refrigeration units. The ideal temperature is 34 degrees. These fresh New Mexico apples are on their way to the school district food warehouse and then to individual schools. In the school kitchen, they are prepared for a snack or for a meal item. It sounds like there's a lot of opportunity for farmers in the state to be able to sell to schools. It's a tremendous opportunity. And again, I said it earlier, the schools are always going to be there. They're always going to be school-aged children. It's a market that's going to be stable, consistent, and available as long as growers are willing to meet them halfway with prices, with quality, and things of that nature. This has been a big boost not only to our orchard but to orchards throughout the state. We have multiple schools coming on, the Albuquerque Public Schools, which is one of the biggest purchasers of apples, along with the Santa Fe Public Schools and Taos. But recently at the legislature, we also had other schools approaching us that they would like to join with us. These schools out of Berlin said that they would like to start purchasing our apples this next year along the same program of what we've been doing with others. So we have seen it as a big boost not only to be able to sell apples now, but to get a price high enough that is above what any wholesaler is willing to pay us. For example, we were getting offers of $10 to $11, $12 per box from the big commercial wholesaler, just put it that way. In turn, they would turn around and mark the apples up and sell them to the same places that we are now selling. So now we have cut out that middleman and it gives us as growers the opportunity to make that extra money that we need to do the improved productions necessary for our orchard. Through these programs, we've had money available through the state, through the marketing, that we've been able to buy refrigeration because refrigeration is probably one of the most important keys to good fresh produce into the schools not only during season, but to extend our season even further. For example, we just delivered to Tau schools, in fact, we're delivering this week to there tomorrow to Tau schools and here we're what, February the 15th? That was unheard of years ago without the refrigeration. So this program has been a big benefit in many different ways. Many growers are coming on board and they see a hope now that before many of these second, third and fourth generations, they decided not to go into apple production. They were pulling their orchards out, maybe putting it into pasture, maybe putting it into housing, you know, subdivide and sell them to land off. Now we're starting to see a small reversal of that practice where people are planting new trees because there is hope now. Other players in the farm to school world are the administrators, teachers and parents. Hi, my name is Elaine Baca and this is my daughter Sasha. She's one of four students that I have here at Alboard Community School. I am also an Alboard employee. I work as an educational assistant and for a year I had the pleasure of doing noon duty, which has been a real big eye-opener for me. I have begun to realize that when I grew up we didn't know very much about nutrition and as time has passed and we've become busy in our lives, it's real easy to slip in a hot pocket for lunch for the kids and, you know, kind of forget about nutrition. One of the things that I enjoy about this school is that we are part of the Farms to School program and we actually have a wonderful salad bar and it's been a great treat to watch the kids try something healthy and actually enjoy it for a change. They'll be able to go on and move forward, have a better diet and have a healthier life as a result of it. Last year the Robert Wood Foundation supported our school in having our students in grades preschool through fifth grade get snacks two times a week on Tuesdays and Thursdays and we were able to introduce kids and kids that never had tried fresh vegetables or fruit were trying it for the first time and liking it. Now there are several kids that do like it's just they don't have that ability because we are a school that has high poverty, you know, low socioeconomic status and so it's expensive to get those kinds of foods so they don't have the opportunity but when they were given the opportunity they sure took it and they enjoyed it very much so it was a great initiative that I was sad wasn't able to continue. Because we didn't have additional funding for continuing with the Healthy Snacks initiative we were able and we were given the opportunity to participate with Kids Cook. It's a wonderful opportunity for all of the students in grades kindergarten through fifth grade to work with a nutrition expert around good behaviors in the kitchen, the hygienic part of being in the kitchen, the safety part of working with knives and then the end result of making something that's healthy. One of the things that I do recall that the classes were making were mango and rice balls and the kids just loved it. It was real sweet almost like candy and they couldn't believe that they got to make it and so it was something that was a very different experience for them. They make anywhere from juice to soup to salsa and what they love about it and I've gotten to talk to the gal she's a young gal that comes in and works with all the kids and I asked her, I said, do all the kids try? She says they do because they made it even if they said I don't like rice or I don't like mango but they will try what they made probably because of that ownership that they had in making the food. For me that's almost a little bit better than the healthy snacks because the kids took pride in making something so they're going to try something that they made. Sometimes trying new foods is difficult for children. Successful programs around the country along with the change in the cafeteria offerings in favor of more fresh fruits and vegetables use additional educational activities to help new eating habits stick. Here are some proven activities that enrich children's minds and satisfy their taste buds. Farmers speak in classrooms and at career days sharing their lives in the food that they produce. These talks are tailored to satisfy some of the grade level specific educational standards for teaching math, science and other subjects. Whatever you mean, any critter in nature a plant or an animal or an insect or an arachnid or anything they all have a first name, the genus and it's always capitalized business. Kids take field trips to farms and experience first hand the life of a farmer planting seeds, making compost, weeding, harvesting and of course eating what farmers grow. Some kids even have the chance to grow their own food in their own school garden. Kids can take experimental cooking classes in schools such as cooking with kids in Santa Fe and kids cook in Albuquerque. Cooking with kids is a program that teaches kids about healthy food choices and the idea is if kids help prepare the food perhaps food they've never tasted before they're more apt to want to eat it and for example now we're making rice and lentils, Indian rice, East Indian rice and lentils and this is a food that the children will also be eating in the cafeteria. The cafeteria prepares meals the same as what we make in cooking with kids so the kids have had some chance to make it ahead of time so it's not such a shock when they get in the cafeteria. This class that we have today is a fourth grade class Mrs. Gonzalez says fourth grade bilingual class we have a lot of bilingual kids here at Sweeney and a lot of these kids have been in the program since they were in kindergarten so they kind of know the drill and it's really nice and they have a lot of confidence that they gain from being able to cook. That's a lot of, in a lot of families that's not a skill that is necessarily taught to children anymore so it's really empowering for kids and at the end of each class we'll send them home with a recipe so the idea is maybe they get home, they're all excited about a food that they made in cooking with kids and they'll go home and try it with their families. My children right now are 14 years old and they were also students here at Sweeney Elementary and when they were growing up they also took cooking with kids' classes and their chore I guess was they would come learn the meal at this class and then on Sundays at home they were in charge of making Sunday dinner with these these recipes. Another component is the tasting the tasting classes and those are done in the classroom the teacher facilitates those tasting generally is produced to the classroom for each teacher and the kids are able to taste say a variety of apples and often we get new Mexico apples so it's a neat way to be able to tell the kids to teach the kids about where their food comes from the lesson plans to go along with the apple tasting I'll just use that as an example there's a picture of the farmer who grew the apples and it's so cute because a lot of the kids this is in the fall we get locally grown produce so we do it in the fall and the kids will run up to me and they're all like little apple connoisseurs now they know they like to eat Granny Smith instead of Rome it's just fun they learn a lot of things about food about produce that they wouldn't necessarily get anywhere else Nutrition educators from programs such as iCan Creation Just Be It Eat Smart, Play Hard and WIC teach in schools, clinics and other locations around the community snack programs emphasizing fruits and vegetables have been instituted in New Mexico the USDA Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Pilot Program which is now in 25 schools around the state allows extra funding for snack programs built on fruit and vegetable consumption this program is also in 17 other states and 3 tribal affiliations and has been very successful in getting kids off the sugar snack roller coaster one example of a really successful farm to school program is in North Carolina in western North Carolina one of the sustainable agriculture project has been successful in bringing farmers and food service directors together to start on all aspects of farm to school programs one of the ways that this began was when a farmer brought his lettuce into a school and the food service director and the administrators realized that his lettuce was much better than anything else they were buying on the commercial market and it was cheaper also in North Carolina they got and visit farms and they had the opportunity to taste raw okra in a garden the program is working well I encourage anyone to start a program like this because it is workable and it's fun the programs within the farm to school initiative have a profound impact on the life of a child but these programs have not been implemented in all parts of New Mexico more people need to get involved in the active interest in the health of today's children attention concerned citizens there are many ways to get involved in the farm to school initiative talk to the people who run the school food service in your school district get to know your local farmers go to the farmers and growers markets in your area and ask them if they can sell to your school make it a PTA project to replace those not so nutritious snack items with fresh fruits in season support the state legislation that will give more funds to schools to purchase fresh fruits and vegetables encourage a shift to having recess before lunch and try to increase the time that children have to eat and savor lunch the average is 20 minutes half of which may be spent at your local school and ask what you can do to help improve children's diets in school attention farmers here's what you can do to help children find out what food schools in your area are looking to purchase grow and harvest varieties that schools prefer clean and pack your product properly make yourself or your farm available for educational experiences good eating habits that children are developing in the cafeteria learn about ways to start a buying relationship with schools in your area attention school officials here's how you can help children always use the New Mexico products that come from the commodities bureau and request more of these New Mexico products ask your broker to highlight the New Mexico products that they have order as much of these products as you can visit farms or visit the farmers market in your area once you get to know the local farmers you'll see how much they want to help our children eat well our children's health longevity and ability to learn depend on what they are eating right now there are many ways we can all work toward bringing a healthier diet to our children nearby school districts have already taken steps towards a healthy school diet please support them or start your own farm to school program because our children's health is our community's future the preceding was a production of New Mexico State University the views and opinions in this program are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views and opinions of the NMSU Board of Regents


Hi, everyone. I'm Ed Baker. Welcome to the Addiction Recovery Channel, otherwise known as ARC. I'm very pleased today to be here with you. We're privileged to have three leaders in the field of addiction recovery with us today. We have Tammy Bushel, who is the director of the Human Resources Department at Edland Company. We have Peter Espin Shade, who is the president of the Vermont Alliance for Mental Health and Addiction Recovery. And we have Ron Stankovich, who is the community outreach director for Dominion Diagnostics, who also is the co-author of the employer toolkit, which we'll be looking at quite closely today. So thank you. Thank you for joining us, and thank you so much for being on the show, folks. Thanks for having us. It's a pleasure. I'd like to begin the show by developing a context. The American Society of Addiction Medicine in 2019 expanded and revised its definition of addiction. The 2011 definition focused mainly on brain circuitry. The 2019 definition includes stressors in the environment, and I'll go into it in detail now. This is a commentary on the definition, quote, lack of healthy social supports and limited prospects for employment or stable housing can exert significant pressure on brain circuitry of individuals at risk for addiction. These factors influence the depth of vulnerability and can present significant barriers to recovery unless addressed, close quote. So the American Society of Addiction Medicine is saying that barriers to employment can cause stress on brain circuitry that can actually make a person more vulnerable to addiction and can also thwart a person's best efforts at achieving and sustaining recovery. And that's where I'd like to begin today. I'd like to begin with you, Peter, because you have such extensive experience working with people in recovery. I'd like you to offer the viewing audience, and it's a diverse audience, a working definition. What is it? What is it when we say recovery? That's part one. Then part two is in your observations over your years in this field, what have you seen when it comes to people in recovery struggling to achieve recovery and maintain recovery specifically with reference to employment? Great. Thank you. I think that that revised definition is critical. I know in Vermont, many of us operate under Johann Haare's hypothesis that the opposite of addiction is connection. So we used to view recovery simply as abstinence. And abstinence is obviously a central role in all of this. But far more important is connection, is getting individuals in recovery, reconnecting to family, to housing, to employment, to hobbies, to what Gary DeCarolis calls love and purpose. And that reconnection is the definition of recovery itself, and it certainly is the best support we know of to keep abstinence going, to keep things moving along. I was talking to somebody today who was talking about a period in their life when they were in early recovery and they were self-isolating. They'd isolated for like a year, and that really resonated with me as somebody who's in long-term recovery, and we see that over and over again. And one of the great ways to get reconnected and to get purpose back in one's life is work. Work is an inherently rewarding and connecting thing, and it's one of the most valuable recovery supports we have. That's beautiful. That is a beautiful response. I'd like to, you know, move into Tammy's role at Edland. I mean, you had a couple of conversations with Tammy before the show, and you are animated about this. Your enthusiasm about this is just contagious. And it's just so encouraging to see someone in a position as a director of a major company, a very successful company, who has adapted this healthy attitude, this healthy approach to this disease that we call addiction, that people get better, and supporting them in the workplace can be such a substantial variable leading to success. You want to talk a little bit about your experience? Sure. So the reason I'm passionate, and I've shared this story with you, is that a few years ago I went through a difficult time with my own son, who is not really fully in recovery. He's kind of working his way. And as a parent, it was frustrating for me not to be able to fix it for him, as I like to say. But after, you know, getting into the recovery network and understanding what recovery is, and it's not just abstinence, everybody has their own path, that I wanted to do my own part through Edland. And so for me, it was just trying to break down some of the stigmas, and the way I did that at Edland was to share my personal story with my management team. And that was very eye-opening for Edland as a corporation, just because they realize that addiction can affect everybody, anybody. It doesn't matter how you were raised, who you are, where you came from. There is no boundaries, it's just out there. And so once they realized that, we decided, hey, we need to support people. And we just changed our entire culture. And with that, you know, with our interviews, we no longer do a traditional interview of, you know, I'm going to drill questions back and forth to you. It's more of a conversation. Tell me about yourself. Tell me about who you are now and not your past. Your past is your past. You can't change it. And just getting people to understand that we are a second chance employer, and I don't mean that you only get one chance, and that's it. We are there to support you on your path. And so that's kind of how it came about. And what do you see as, what's people's responses to that? How do people respond to that? It depends. I mean, if they're coming from, if it's somebody that like Turning Points has referred to us, and we work closely with them, they know that they can be open and honest with us. And so they don't have that fear. Whereas if it's somebody just coming in off the street on their own, and I ask questions about, so tell me about how come you have some gaps here on your resume, right?  I don't care about the gaps.  Why do you want to work here? And that usually with some encouragement, they will share their story. And then it's about, okay, let's see how you might fit here. And we should give them a tour and we introduce them to other people. We have a recovery coach on site who is there to walk them through and support them. And then we have a resource coordinator on site, which is through the United Way.  We provide free bus passes to help them. We can change their schedule. So we try to make things as easy as possible for them during their recovery and to support them continuously. That is something. I just want to stay with that for a little while because I just think it's profound. And for the employers or people who know employers watching the show to kind of get this information out that this is not only possible, but it adds to the value of a workplace and adds to the success of a company. So if I'm your employee and I'm in early recovery and I come to you and I say, you know, my AA group, my special home group meets Wednesdays at noon. So I have to get there and then I like to hang out and talk a little bit after the meeting. And I'm going to need to leave at a quarter to 12 and I probably won't be back until 1.30. I need extra lunchtime on Wednesdays. Can I do that? What's your response going to be to me? Absolutely. Absolutely. We will support you. There's no question. And we do that because we can say to them, okay, we can allow you to make up the time. You can work extra other days so that you still get your full paycheck because that is important not only for us. You know, we need the labor, but also for that person because they have to be able to have that wage in order to maintain their housing or whatever other bills that they have going on. We all have those, right? So if we didn't allow them to flex their time, it wouldn't be a win-win for both. And that's the whole point, is that we want it to be a win-win for both parties. Right. So good. So good. And it must feel good to you, Peter, to hear that they have a recovery coach on board. Fantastic. It really is. You know, because that's what folks in recovery need. They need that unique set of what's going to work for them. Everybody, you know, substance use disorder is just a health condition and we all know that. And so with any health condition, there's some boundaries and some barriers that pop up and we just need to help folks get over those the same way you would if you, you know, had a new hip or had diabetes or whatever it is. And hearing employers like Tammy realize that with just a little bit of coaching, they can hang on to great people is just super inspiring. Yeah. Now, I want to pull Ron in, but also I want to go back to the actual, the culture at Edland, the actual atmosphere at Edland in a few moments. But Ron, so here hearing this, you know, what's occurring at Edland and having had some, the privilege of co-authoring the employer toolkit that deals exactly with this, you know, what kind of feelings, observations, comments, you know, do you have about that? Well, sorry, Tammy, you know I'm going to say this. When we created the first draft of the toolkit, we distributed it to a number of folks and parties and saying, look, this is what we've got. What are we missing? What makes sense? What needs to be tweaked? That kind of thing. But it is in draft form. And Tammy is one person we highly recruited to be part of the Working Recovery Action Team for the Chittenden County Opioid Alliance because of her positive and proactive stance in the culture and environment that she helped create at Edland. So after we had given it to the group, I forgot how the discussion started, but Tammy said, oh, I've already been handing this out to employers, which is exactly the end result that we wanted, and what was really cool about it was Tammy being able to share the interactions that she had with other HR professionals, those desperate to help their employees, but A, did not know what to do and B, did not know where to go to find resources. And in our first year, after getting the grant from GE Healthcare, we did a survey of the Chamber of Commerce and a couple of the questions that we asked and the answers there have helped frame the need for this toolkit. And one of them was, would you hire someone in recovery? And of course you have the outliers, those very willing and those very unwilling, but about 30 to 35% of respondents were neutral saying, I'm not against it, but I don't know enough about it, both recovery and what is substance use disorder. And we thought, well, here's a great educational opportunity. And then the next question right after that is, okay, you hired somebody in recovery or somebody who is, has an active disease, do you know who to turn to and where to get resources? I think it was almost 45% said no. And that was the light bulb that went off for this team is like, we've got a lot of great resources in Vermont, but up until that point, no one had one point or one point of contact where you could go to find these. And that led to the idea of we need to create a toolkit to support employers to do a couple of things. One, address stigma, change how individuals in recovery are viewed in the workplace. But not just those in recovery, what about the individuals who are struggling with substance use? How do we create an environment where it's not only safe to say, I need help, but to make that paradigm shift in terms of employer to employee. Thank you for telling us. We will be behind you to get whatever support you need and guess what your job will be here waiting for you when return, the external stressors of transportation, housing and employment. ASAM was absolutely right in redefining their definition because it's not always about genetic and environmental factors from family. It's about the daily obligations and needs that an individual has in order to leave a healthy and productive life. So that led to this. So long winded answer to your question. It's music to my ears. That's perfect. I think it is music to your ears and our ears and very well said run. And congratulations with the employer toolkit. And for the audience, there will be a slide lingering at the end of the show where you can Google the employer toolkit and get access to it because it is a major advancement in this field. I've read it. I've seen it. And it's a step-by-step how-to. It doesn't leave any stones unturned. And the resources involved in that piece are just, you include just about everything. So it's really a quips employers who might feel frightened or insecure or uninformed. It really strengthens and empowers them. And I want to go into the initiative, the Vamhar initiative in a little while about friendly workplaces, recovery-friendly workplaces. But first, back to that culture that Ron is describing that can occur in a place of employment, that stigma is such a major barrier and is so entrenched in our culture. And to see an employer, a place of employment having worked so far to eradicate stigma and create compassion I think is really so interesting. And I want the viewing audience to hear a little bit about that. That it seems to me that at Edelund you wouldn't be able to succeed the way you are unless you're really doing something about stigma, about the way that people see people with substance use disorder. I'll be honest. We're not perfect. I mean we still struggle every day with perceptions that occur. But I think it's bringing those when I hear somebody who is making a comment that is a little off to correct it, to have a conversation with somebody. I go back to the employee that I have currently who's been in recovery for three years. He's been through the recovery coach training. Him sharing his story with his coworkers is so much more profound than me. Yes, I'm a recovery coach, but I'm the director of HR. He's their peer. And for them to look at him and go, wow, you've really turned your life around. And you are a shining example of exactly what we're trying. That helps change the stigma. And he is proud. And he should be proud. Because he's worked really hard to get there. So it's those everyday things that we try to do but we're not perfect. Like I said, we still struggle. There's days when it's not going well when somebody who is in the early stages of their recovery is really struggling. And it's a lot of the managers or myself who is trying to coach them to say, we're here to help you, but we can't do it for you. You have to meet us part of the way. We'll give you the tools, the resources. But you have to take it and move forward. We can't do it for you. So that's still sometimes a struggle. None of us are perfect and we've got to face this that we'll be dealing with stigma for a few more generations. But we're really making progress. Oh, I agree. And the employer toolkit, the narrative around brain disease, substance use disorder, stigma, compassion is absolutely beautiful. It's poetics like music to my ears. So thank you for that, Ron. My pleasure. And the work that Vemhar does, you know, Recovery Day. That was fun. It was beautiful. How many people were at Recovery Day this year? I think over 200. We had standing room only this year. Over 200 people. The legislature, the governor declaring Recovery Day. It's beautiful. The recovery walk in Burlington every year. I mean, there's so much happening in Vermont. And we should be so proud to be Vermonters of leaders, the kind of support that they need to keep carrying this torch. Keep fighting this fight and eventually to actually eradicate stigma. So people with substance use disorder can be somebody like, I have type 2 diabetes. I need medication. I need to change my lifestyle. I need some accommodations that work. Same exact thing. Exactly. Exactly. Really well said. Thank you for that. Yeah.  And that this movement, it's nothing short of a movement, is resonating in Vermont. It's resonating in the counties of Vermont and the communities of Vermont and the regular people of Vermont. This is what's important. It's got to be from the ground up. Yep. And it's really something. So I want to move now into what I think is a really extremely exciting initiative. And I want you to talk at length about it. It's this recovery-friendly workplace initiative. Peter, would you talk about that a little bit, please? Yeah. I think there's a couple of things that folks might be interested about this. First off is exactly what you were saying. Is this, the recovery-friendly workplace movement has also been kind of a grounds up thing. It has not been us in the recovery community going to employers saying you need to be recovery-friendly. We need to figure out this problem, blah, blah, blah. It's been leaders in the business community, leaders in the recovery community coming to us saying we want to do the right thing. We realize there's value to this. We realize that this health condition is just part of the human condition and we want to do the right thing by our employees. Tammy and I were joking earlier about HR directors. HR directors have been working to have recovery-friendly workplaces probably for decades. Working with their employees, helping them get over some of these hurdles with substance use disorder or other health conditions and they know a profound amount about how to care for people while keeping them engaged and employed. Those folks were coming to us saying we've got an epidemic now of this particular health condition of substance use disorder. We want to share what we know and learn from others and create recovery-friendly workplaces. Wow. That was really kind of amazing. It's not one of these top-down initiatives like you must do, what we tell you to do. They're the ones who are sharing best practices with us. We're sharing recovery best practices with them. I think there's tremendous promise. It's almost like the creation and the public awareness about Vemhar and your role in recovery gave this particular group, HR people, a place to go. Before you, there was really no place for them to go. There was the phenomenal work of the toolkit we've been talking about and I think that folks have heard about that and have seen some of the great examples at Edland and at TwinCraft and many, many, many other employers who are currently doing progressive recovery-friendly work and now we're hearing statewide that folks want to learn from this stuff. What's unique about it? I know it's in its beginning phases but what kind of concepts are shaping it at this point? I think there's two main things and they're all rooted in recovery coaching. As we've been discussing, there's no one-size-fits-all recovery plan for someone that's not like, oh, here you go. That's all recovery coaching is going to be the way forward we believe for long-term recovery. What's unique about this plan is we are going to see that employers have recovery coaches that HR directors, managers, coworkers have a recovery coach they can turn to and say, hey, I have some questions about my employees, everything from how do I know if they're still using to the more common questions which are how can I be the most supportive as possible? So I think that's going to be a nice sort of innovation that's coming out of this and then for the employees themselves, we want to see that every employee, whether they're working at one of our flagship corporations like Edland, have a recovery coach or if you're just working for a local landscaper with a staff of three that you get a recovery coach. So we're trying to bring people together thanks to the leadership of others we're saying you need to bring people together and then aligning employers with recovery coaches and employees with recovery coaches and build a simple, Vermont-sized system that is going to realize that. I think there's great promise. Why I know there's great promise is recovery coaching is an evidence-based practice. Because of stigma, we didn't even know what to do with recovery necessarily because back in the day, it was all underground. And now that we're bringing evidence-based practices and bringing some light to this, we know that we can bend this curve. We really can. We can bend this curve. We can. I like that. And it's bending towards some progressive, thoughtful justice and health for people. That's beautiful. For the viewing audience again, we can bend this curve. I like that. The link to the show is available on the CCTV site. So for the viewing audience, if you're just a regular person and you're watching the show and you know an employer and you want to give the employer access to the show, send them the link to the show so they can watch the show. At the end of the show, there'll be a lingering slide with access to the employer toolkit. If you want to get in touch with any of the guests, email me. My website will be at the end of the show. Email me and I'll put you in touch with our guests. Peter and Ron and Tammy, this is a seminal point in the evolution of recovery. This is a very, very special moment. And anything I can do to support you, I will do. This is very, very special. And it seems like it actually has traction. Is that the feeling that you have, Ron? I do. If the one positive thing that has come out of this horrific opioid epidemic is it has, I believe, forced people to take a step back. I find it impossible to talk to an individual who does not have a family member or a friend or a co-worker impacted in some way, shape or form by this disease. And it's the disease aspect, as Peter calls it, really, it is a health condition and it is to be treated no different than hypertension, diabetes, or any other potentially fatal disease. It's about proper health care, but that's only found when hopelessness is removed. Support is showcased, and as Peter was talking before about the Johan Hari approach, the opposite of isolation is connection. And the only way that connection can happen is if individuals understand that substance use disorder, it's not a choice. You don't wake up one day and say, you know what, I want this substance to rule every aspect of my day for the rest of my life. It's not a moral failing. And for many folks, they're hit with the genetic as well as the environmental factors and that creates a petri dish where substance use disorder can grow. So, and what we're finding is that it's changing the dialogue to a degree because it's all about causing controllability. You know, ten years ago, well, Ron, you chose to drink, so you caused this problem and you could control it. Why don't you just stop? When you utilize that paradigm, it creates stigma that you caused this problem. It was your choice. Guess what? You got to deal with it. But when you look at another fatal disease, where an individual is viewed, well, you didn't choose cancer. You couldn't control having cancer and therefore you didn't cause it.  They're survivors because they had the support and they also had the internal fortitude to step forward and get help. Ten years ago, folks with substance use disorder did not have that luxury but back today, many will not self-disclose, both those in recovery and those facing an act of addiction who want help will not share that for fear of how they're going to be judged, how they're going to be spoken to directly or hear say, well, so-and-so said this about you. Who wants to deal with that? I just want help. But if this is the reaction I'm going to get, I'm just going to continue to do what I'm doing. So it has to be communal, on a local, state, national and worldwide level that if we are going to judge an individual, let's do it factually. Let's look at it from an evidence-based perspective. Just as substance use disorder is progressive, more importantly, so too is recovery. That with the proper support, with the love, with the connection, an individual who chooses a life of recovery not only lives a wonderful life but they contribute back to the community. And the last point I'm going to make is one of the things when we created this toolkit, you get to folks like Tammy, that's an easy sell. But what about the employers who, well, what's in it for us? Well, I'm glad you asked that. I'm going to tell you the answer from the National Safety Council. And I'm going to read the first one because I want to get this correctly. What the study found is that employers who are supportive of the treatment produce a cost-saving, exceeding costs by a 12-to-1 ratio, 12-to-1. So from an economic perspective, you're not only doing the right thing, but it makes sense from your company to support your employees. What they also found is that employers who are supportive in this regard, absenteeism drops by 36%. 36% reduction in absenteeism. The lack of productivity affects the bottom line of the company. They also found that turnover decreased by 13%. And what I really found truly cool, so if you're wondering if you want to hire somebody in recovery or not, individuals in recovery are the least likely subgroup to leave their employer. For a variety of reasons, the ability to take care of my family, but a big part of it is about loyalty and gratitude for being given that second chance and not just given that second chance, but an employer who's got the tools and resources to support you on your journey. Recovery's not linear. It can look like an EKG at points, especially in the first year. And that's why it's so critical that employers understand and have the tools to support an individual, because slips do happen. It's part of it. Any disease, there's going to be steps forward and steps back, and it's different with substance use disorder, but when people say, well, I'm afraid of a relapse, well, folks in recovery actually relapse less than other diseases like asthma and hypertension. Well, thank you. Thank you, Ron. And it's a beautiful way to begin to end the show and those statistics that are so encouraging and so positive, you know, reflect quality of life, quality of life for people in recovery, quality of life for people connected to people in recovery, and quality of life really for the whole social environment. You know, I think Peter, one of the things that you said early was the quote that the opposite of addiction is connection. And I think about that. And it's a simple statement, but when you look at it, the connection really needs to be between us. The people, service providers, people with resources, people offering services to people with substance use disorder, the better we connect, the better we orient ourselves to science and connect to science. The more effective we are, it's our responsibility to create portals of connection for people with substance use disorder. They don't know how to connect because the brain is impaired. If we can connect and then develop ways to allow them to connect with comfort, this is, you know, a large part of the key. And I really, I see you doing that at Edland, and I really want to emphasize that. And your work, Juan, with the employer toolkit, paves the way for that. And your continued devotion to this population over quite a few years now speaks volumes to that. You've connected, you've set the stage for many, many people to connect. There's so many beautiful people in recovery. It's such a joy. It's not only an honor but a joy to work with these folks who just have such great energy, and it's just beautiful. It's a beautiful thing. I just have to go back to recovery day. The feeling in that room is just jubilant.  So I would like to end the show now. And, you know, with closing comments, I'll begin with Ron and then come over to Tammy. So closing comments to the viewing audience, you know... I think I used my closing comments earlier. I guess the only thing I would ask anybody viewing the show or any employer is to please have an open mind and take prejudice, put it in your desk drawer, and view the individual for who they are, not what you may have heard through the rumor-vill that somebody who uses is X, Y, and Z. This is a human being who is afflicted with a health condition, and has come upon all of us to wrap our arms around in support. Because if it were you or your family member, what would your hopes and aspirations be? And we need to remember that that person is someone's father, someone's mother, someone's husband or wife, a grandparent, a son or a daughter, a close friend, a co-worker, and the list goes on. They're not statistics, and they are not something that should be viewed from a negative standpoint, but how we as a culture need to wrap our arms around and support in every way possible. And if you are, well, what's in it for me? Well, the more folks we have in recovery, the fewer who have an active disease look at the reduction in costs, the financial costs that a society will incur, and look at the benefits they will gain by somebody who is contributing to society. Thank you, Ron. Thank you. Thank you, Peter. Yeah, I think just gratitude. You know, we've been talking about, you know, shining light on things and how that's really how we remove stigma. When you shine light on things, it not only sort of kills, you know, mold and disease. It also allows beautiful things to grow. And there have been some real leaders in the recovery movement before there was even a recovery movement. Employers who are trying to do the right thing, people who are in the vanguard of putting these ideas together. And, you know, as we slowly remove stigma, we're going to see a lot of beautiful things growing. And we're just really grateful to the, you know, to the folks. We're standing on the shoulders of giants of people who set this up for us. And we need to honor them by just keep moving in a really positive joyous way. Keep moving in a positive joyous way. Thank you. Thank you. I would agree with Ron. I was going to say something very similar. But as an employer, one I would agree, keep your mind and your heart open. And if you still aren't sure, if you still have trepidation, use the toolkit. There is a great information in there about bonding, which helps relieve some of that stress for an employer if they're afraid, for whatever their afraid-ness reason is to hire somebody in recovery. You won't regret it. It is an amazing thing for both parties. So I just want to say that I hope everybody will jump on board. Thank you. Thank you. So there you have it. This is where we are today. And this is light years. Light years from where we were yesterday. This is a beautiful thing that's happening in our culture and that we have three leaders here with us. And there are many more leaders out there working every day non-stop to advance this cause. So thank you for joining us today. And you know, copy the link and spread the program. Give this show to as many people as you know to keep this thing moving forward joyously. Joyously. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you for what you're doing.


Hi there, in this video we are going to discuss the addition rule. What the addition rule basically is, is you're looking at multiple outcomes as being the favorable outcome in an experiment. So that being said, first off, by definition a compound event is any event combining two or more simple events, such as flipping a coin and rolling a die. The two can be brought together into the same experiment, but once again they're both two different simple events there. Another definition, we call events A and B mutually exclusive or disjoint if they cannot occur at the same time. So if I have two events, event A, event B, if they have overlap of their outcomes, some of their outcomes are the same, then they are not disjoint. They have overlap. Now if events A and B have no overlap, there's no outcomes that are the same, then they are disjoint. They have nothing in common. So disjoint events cannot happen at the same time. Disjoint, mutually exclusive mean the same thing. So here I have two events, are they mutually exclusive? Randomly selecting someone who owns a boat, randomly selecting someone whose favorite color is blue. Can that happen at the same time? Can I go around and pick one person and they both own a boat and their favorite color is blue? The answer to that is yes. So they can occur at the same time, therefore they are not mutually exclusive. Not mutually exclusive because they can happen at the same exact time. And B, I have randomly selecting someone who likes math and randomly selecting someone who dislikes math. Can that happen at the same time? Can someone both like and dislike something at the same time? Well at a particular moment of time, an instantaneous moment of time, the answer is no. So they cannot occur at the same time. That being said, these events are mutually exclusive or disjoint. So that's mutually exclusive events or disjoint events. Now the addition rule is used to find the probabilities of the form, the probability of event A occurring or event B occurring. So that's the probability that either event A occurs, event B occurs, or they both occur. So the keyword here and when you're looking at your questions is to find the word or. So it's this one, that one, or both of them. That's what the or probability is, and it's the addition rule. The formal addition rule states to calculate the probability of A or B, you take the probability of A, you add the probability of B, and you subtract the probability of A and B occurring at the same time, that overlap. The reason why this is important is because think about event diagram that has some overlap in the middle. You have outcomes A on the left circle and outcomes B on the right circle. Think about what happens when you add up the probability of A occurring, when you take circle A, and then you add to it the probability of event B occurring, circle B. Notice where I shaded twice. My overlap in the circles has been added twice to my probability it was double counted. So that's the reason why in the addition rule you have to subtract the overlap here, the probability of A and B occurring at the same time because that area was counted twice. So here's the intuitive rule, is to find the sum of the number of ways event A can occur and the number of ways event B can occur, but be sure to add in such a way that outcomes are only counted once. So you add in such a way that outcomes are only counted once, there's no double counting. So this sum divided by the total number of outcomes is how you find the or probability. So I have an employer that drug test its employees. If an employee is randomly selected, what is the probability the employee test positive or negative for drugs? Instead of probability an employee test positive or test negative for drugs? So how many people total do I have? I believe it's the sum is 99, 41 plus 9 plus 10 plus 39. So out of 99 people, how many tested positive? How many did negative? Well 41 and 9, those are my positive results. What about my negative results? 10 and 39, those are my negative. So we actually have everything. We have 41 plus 9 plus 10 plus 39. The results are all either positive or negative. So you get 99 over 99 which is 1. Let's do one that's perhaps a little bit more exciting here. The data summarizes results from 870. So that's my sample size here. My total group is 870 pedestrian deaths that were caused by accidents. If one of the deaths is selected at random, find the probability the pedestrian was intoxicated or the driver was intoxicated. So I'm finding the probability that the pedestrian was intoxicated or or the driver was intoxicated. So any of these data values where the pedestrian was intoxicated or the driver was intoxicated will be included in our favorable outcome. So out of 870 pedestrian deaths, how many did we have for the pedestrian intoxicated? Well that's the 63 and the 261. Then what about the driver intoxicated? Driver intoxicated is 63 again but we already have it circled. So we're already counting it. Don't count it again. And then the 45. So that's when the driver was intoxicated and then we also have when the pedestrian was intoxicated. Any of those stipulations is a favorable outcome. So we have 63 plus 261 plus 45. At the end of the day you get 369 out of 870. And we'll round to let's say four decimal places. So we'll divide. We get 0.4241. 0.4241. 0.4241. So or make sure you don't double-count anything. What about another example? A survey asked 75 people in the 18 to 21 age bracket a question which 49 responded and 26 refused to respond. 200 people in the 22 to 30 age bracket were contacted, 172 responded and 28 refused to respond. Suppose one of the 275 people is randomly selected, find the probability of getting someone in the 18 to 21 age bracket or someone who has responded. Yeah. So many words. Well first off the probability I'm calculating is someone being 18 to 21 or someone that responded. I need to take my data and I want to organize it in a table because that's the best way to work out these questions. So it looks like responses are broken up by age. I have 18 to 21 and I have 22 to 30 and they're also broken up into those that responded and those that did not. So I have responded and then I have those that refused to respond or did not respond. So let's take the numbers from all these words and break them up into the table. So there are 75 people in the 18 to 21 age bracket 49 responded and 26 refused. So 49 responded this is for the 18 to 21 age bracket 49 responded 26 refused. In the 22 to 30 age bracket all for those 200 people 172 responded and 28 refused. So those are my numbers that's what I put in my table. Any value that is in the 18 to 21 category that would be 49 that would be 26 and any value that's in the responded category that would be 49 again but don't double count and 172. So out of the all the people 275 favorable outcomes for 49 plus 172 plus 26 add together those numbers and you actually end up getting 247 out of 275 and that's going to give you 0.8982 0.8982 that's your answer here. So it does help to organize your data into a contingency table otherwise it can turn into a notational nightmare. We want to keep this as real and practical and as visual as possible. So just as a quick reminder the addition rule versus the multiplication rule in the multiplication rule they use the word and and that means you're finding the probability of event a occurring you're finding the probability of event b occurring take into account what happened first and you're multiplying the two probabilities together so multiplication really do just that you multiply it uses the word and and the addition rule use the word or you find the probability of event a occurring or event b occurring and it suggests addition that's why it's called the addition rule. So you add together the probabilities of each individual event in such a way that every outcome is counted only once you do not want to double count. So that's distinguishing between the two rules. So other than that that's all I have for now. I hope you enjoyed thanks for watching.


Hey everybody, Dr. O here. So in this video I'm going to run through the different joint movements, obviously doing the movements and seeing the movements are going to be better than just looking at the images, but this is the best we have here. So I'm going to walk through each of them so you at least have a general idea of what's going on. So I have, first of all, the first few images here are going to involve flexion or extension. So they are called angular movements. That's not a huge deal, but so flexion is anytime you decrease the angle at a joint between two bones, two structures, and extension is anytime you increase it. So for example, if your arms are straight, they're at a hundred and eight degree angle. So if you bend your elbows like you're flexing here, that's going to be flexion and straightening back out will be extension. So the best examples I can think of, I can think of sitting versus standing.  When you stand up, your hips and knees are both in extension. So flexion, decreasing the angle between two structures, bringing them closer together, extension, increasing the angle between them and taking them farther apart. All right. So that's flexion and extension. A couple more examples here. So here we see neck, flexion, extension. The reason I like to point out this image here is you'll notice this book calls it flexion and extension. So flexion when you tuck your chin to your chest, extension when you look up at the ceiling. So that's totally fine. But some sources are going to call any extension beyond the anatomical position. They're going to call it hyper extension. So I don't, I just want you to know that if you see a picture like this and you see this looking up at the ceiling as hyper extended, I guess it's acceptable. But clinically I don't like it because when I think of a hyper extended joint, I think of one extended beyond its normal physiological range, not a normal movement. So looking up at the ceiling, there's nothing wrong with that. So to me, this is flexion and extension, but I just want to make sure you understand that you might see any extension beyond the anatomical position called hyper extension. So here we see flexion and extension of the cervical spine. Here we see flexion and extension of the trunk as well. So those are all examples of flexion and extension. Next we have, on the left hand side here, we have abduction and abduction. So here's how I remember these two terms. Abduction, I will often say ABduction so you know which one I'm talking about. Abduction, think about abduct. If you abduct something, you take it away. So abduction is taking away from the midline. So like here when I have my fingers together, if I abduct them, I take them away from the center of my hand. So abduction means taking away from the midline, adduction or ADD, you're adding it back. So that's how I'm going to think abduct, think take away like a kidnap, adduct, think add, add two. So I'm adding it to my body. So abduction, take away, adduction, bring back towards the midline. The other one you see in here is called circumduction. So circumduction is when you make a circular motion with your, with your upper or lower limb without any rotation. So imagine like drawing a big circle on a chalkboard or in the air. That would be circumduction. So a circular movement but not with rotation of any of the joints. All right, so that's abduction, adduction and circumduction. Next we have rotation. So rotation of the trunk and the neck and the spine. You're just going to usually say left and right rotation. Just remember you're talking about the patient's lefts and rights. But with limbs, you're going to use terms like medial and lateral rotation. So medial rotation means to turn the structure in towards the midline, also known as internal rotation. So some sources will use that term. Lateral rotation means you're going to take something away from the midline. So that's going to also be called external rotation. So we have just regular rotation of like the neck and trunk. And then with limbs, we have medial or internal rotation versus lateral or external rotation. Next we have pronation and supination. This is kind of so I can internally and externally rotate my shoulders. But this is happening at the elbow. So pronation and supination, just a couple of things to start. Number one, when you're in the anatomical position with your palms facing forward, you would be in the supinated position. So also here's how I remember them. If you're going to make a bowl of soup with your hands, they are supinated. So sup, supinated, bowl of soup with the hands. Pronation, I think of taking a drink. So if you're going to take a drink, I have my coffee right here. So I take a drink, I pronated my forearm to do that. So pronation, think drink, supination, think bowl of soup. So pronation versus supination. Next, we have dorsiflexion or plantar flexion. This is a special type of flexion and extension that occurs at the ankle. So here's how I remember this. Plantar flexion, you plant your toes into the ground. So if you're walking on your tippy toes, you are in the plantar flexed position. Dorsiflexion is when you're walking on your heels. I'm doing it myself, you've seen the wiggling around. So dorsiflexion, you'd be walking on your heels. So walking on your tippy toes, that's plantar flexion. Walking on your heels, that's dorsiflexion. Next, we have inversion and eversion. This would be kind of so rolling your ankle medial or laterally. So inversion means you're turning the sole of your foot medially in towards the mass of your body. Eversion, which is hard to do, right?  The soles of your feet are turned medially. Eversion, the soles of your feet are turned laterally. That's much more stressful. It's harder to get into that position. So these terms are really important when you look at movements associated, especially if you sprain an ankle. So almost all the time, they're going to be inversion sprains. You've all heard someone talking about rolling an ankle. Eversion sprains are a lot more complicated. So I won't go into all the details there, but a lot of times if you're going to have an eversion sprain, you're also going to damage the knee or do something else. So that's inversion versus eversion. Next we have protraction versus retraction. So protraction means to move something forward. Like here, he's protracting his mandible, he's jutting his mandible out. Retraction means backwards.  So protraction moves something forward, retraction moves something back or posteriorly. Elevation versus depression.  Elevation means to raise something up, superiorly, depression means to lower it inferiorly. So shrugging my shoulders, I'm elevating my shoulders. Elevation versus depression. Alright, last one here we have is opposition. So one of the things that makes, you know, humans or an animal like us special is that we have opposable thumbs. I'm sure you've heard that term. So I like to say really, our massive prefrontal lobe and our opposable thumbs are the two main advantages that we have as a species. So opposition means you can reach your thumb across to the palm of your hand. A lot of times we'll say to reach your thumb towards your pinky, but opposition means to reach your thumb across the palm of your hand. And then so you don't see this term very often, but actually returning it. So if you oppose your thumb across your palm or towards your pinky finger, that's called opposition. Bringing it back is called reposition. So not a big deal, but this matters so much because our opposable thumbs allow us to grasp things and use tools. So okay, so those are all the key joint movements you need to know for this class. Have a wonderful day. Be blessed.