Okay, we're back with Community Matters. I'm Jay Fidel. It happens to be Friday at 10 p.m. and I mean it. I mean this show. I really mean it. This is about truth. Is there truth anymore? Julian Gorbach, assistant professor of journalism at UH Minoa, who thinks about this kind stuff all day. Is there truth anymore? Truth is struggling to breathe right now, I think, a little bit. Some of us are, I guess, we're all trying to fight for the truth, I mean a lot of us are. Maybe half of us. Calling this show objectivity in the age, oh the thought wars, objectivity in the age of Trump. That's scary, but it's okay because I'm scared anyway. Why do you call the show that? Why would I call the show that? Well, I mean I think there's a, you know, if we're talking about objectivity, there's a long standing idea that that should be a professional standard of journalism. But it's become a real problem at different times in our history, the notion of maintaining objectivity and even a question of whether that's a sound idea or credo for journalism. And I think this is one of those moments when we have to question whether it's working. I mean it really struck me the first time I saw it where the New York Times would say the president falsely claimed this, that and the other thing. The president said this and lied. And wow, and by the way it was a piece yesterday where earlier he was counted at five lies a day, public statements, now it's like 20 or 30 lies a day, but he's ramping up, he's ramping up to the midterm so he's lying more in order to confuse and deceive more people would be the argument. But how do you deal with lies like that? You just let them, you know, you let them go and you say, well we're going to do balance here? Or do you call them out as lies? I think you have to call them out as lies. I mean I think you're always, I think the notion of objectivity and what falls from there suggests that there's maybe two different things that stand as important journalistic principles here and on the one hand there's the idea that journalists should try and rise above their impulses to see things a certain way because they have certain pro-election, certain views that they come into every story with. Like I lean liberal, I don't have a problem saying that. So when I come into a certain story, I have a certain bias, if you will, to see it that way. I mean we might just call it a point of view because the word bias gets terribly thrown around. I study a lot the rise of Nazism and Hitler and so I may have a bias towards making connections between that era and this. The objective or subjective? I think that that endangers objectivity. I mean in other words, you could argue that the idea of objectivity for journalism is to try and recognize some of your pro-elections and rise above them and try and look at the facts coldly. The opposite credo I think or dictum that maybe we want to follow is, and this was a comment from Scott Simon once made at NPR, said the best journalism comes from somewhere and stands for something.  What point of view? Well every journalist writing or speaking any message, any news, always has a point of view. Well we all have a point of view. The other thing is do we have a duty to sometimes stand up for what's right? Call it out. Yeah, I mean if you're, if it's 1930, you know, to take us out of the moment for a second and go to that 1930s era, if you're a New York Times foreign correspondent and you're sent to Berlin and it's 1935, do you report on this rise of Adolf Hitler with objectivity and this kind of toned down impartial language or do you clang the alarm and tell people there is a incredibly cruel, brutal, barbaric, dangerous force rising in Europe and that you might even be able to envision 80 million lives getting sucked into this terrible. I don't know why, but that reminds me of the statement after Charlottesville, you know, white supremacists and ordinary people, they both had their good and bad. Yeah, remember that? Yeah. Yeah, I mean and say, you know, really he's got to be called this. The question is, does all of this lie telling by the president of the United States and believed by a number of people, by many people, by the base believe it? It seems to me they believe it more all the time. The more lies, more outrageous lies and more, the more these, the base people believe it. Journalism has a duty to straighten that out. For example, for example, coming in on NPR, there was a story about, you know, Trump's increased rhetoric now over the immigrant caravan coming toward, OK, and he says, he said in his own words, he said, if they're going to throw stones, we're going to treat those stones as firearms.  Oh, my God. You know, there could easily be violence on the border over this. It's incendiary what he's saying. And he's trying to arouse the base because there's an election in a couple of days. But, you know, then and flip to the Democrats, the Democrats are not talking about immigration. They're talking about health care, which is, you know, ho-hum relative to a war on the border. So you say, why don't the Democrats and the press call Trump out about his remarks over immigration instead of doing, you know, fault Leroy on health care in the middle of a crisis? Isn't it the duty of the Democrats and the press to tell it like it is?  Sometimes you think maybe there's just a problem of common sense here. I'm a little concerned that the Democrats did the thing where they pay the political consultants who pour over the data and found these polls about polling really well on health care and thought, well, this is an argument we can win and let's do this. I don't understand how you can, on the one hand, say that the young vote is so important. And then, I mean, I teach students. I think my students don't understand health care policy particularly well and they're not facing a lot of bills for that.  I mean, I could talk to them about student loans or whatever. I mean, the economy is firing on all four cylinders right now. You also have to deal with that issue. But I mean, we never want to talk about the environment, right? And or the whole idea of the truth and basic integrity and democracy under assault. So yeah, I think a few people have made the effective argument that you've got to match blow by blow. And you can't kind of camouflage yourself or try to hide from the fight that they want to have. You've got to match the fight for what it is. So I mean, we're talking about kind of a duty of a journalist. And I don't know where that is. I mean, conventionally, the duty was to balance, be objective. Has the duty changed? Well, that's an interesting point that you make. Because maybe that's where you come to think of it. Maybe that's where we have two different things here. Because there's duty, and then there's the notion of professional standards. And maybe they're not the same thing. A long time ago, Walter Lippmann was one of the main voices that suggested that maybe objectivity, not in so many words, but essentially he introduced the argument that maybe objectivity is one way that we could create a professional standard for journalism. And that we could address a lot of the problems that journalism was having in 1919. So just pretty much exactly 100 years ago to this week, or the last couple of weeks when he was starting to do his first articles about this. But on the other hand, the idea of duty suggests a kind of moral imperative. So maybe objectivity is a professional standard, but the idea that a journalist has to also be a moral voice is a duty. And I think we're dealing with a paradox. I think we're dealing with two things that are always in tension with one another. Saying what's right and standing up for what's right is not always the same thing as kind of trying to play this detached, impartial referee of some kind. Because you're trying to play a referee of the facts, but you're trying to play right and wrong about what's morally right and wrong. Do you remember that blimp that caught on fire over New Jersey? Hindenburg, yeah. Yeah, Hindenburg. There was a journalist on early radio who was watching the thing go on fire. And he was watching people being cooked and jumping out of the cabin there. And it was an awful thing to watch. And I suppose there was a similar kind of phenomenon going on in 9-11, too, where a journalist would look up and see this really horrendous thing happening. And it would be reflected, of course, in his journalism, how could you not, as a human being, forget journalists, as a human being, react through the Hindenburg or the 9-11? So if I see, for example, the country coming apart, if I see children being shot at the border, if I see things that are morally outrageous, if I see things that threaten our lives together in this country, can I get a little excited? Yeah, I mean, I think that one thing that you're bringing up there is just the idea that both in our journalism, a minute ago we were talking about the Democrats and sort of what their election strategy should be. But I think in both cases, there is an imperative to match the white hot rhetoric or the terrible circumstances. To get back to the environment for a second, I see horrific things happening with the environment. I don't even hear them talk about it on cable news. I hear a lot of shrillness on cable news. But on some of the things, they're just not even on the playing field. They're not even talking about it. That's the most important issue facing humanity in the world. Well, I mean, there was reports now. We could debate whether the press got the science right. And we were sort of talking about that up and down the hallway in my building with some of the environmental reporters taking a close look. But there was this report that got buried in the press this week that 60%, more than half of the world's wildlife, has been wiped out since 1970. It barely got a headline. And I try to limit the amount of cable news I watch. But I can be willing to bet you that it got almost zero time on MSNBC or CNN or to talk about the Democrats. How much time did our great progressive, Bernie Sanders on the campaign trail, talk about the complete collapse of the ecosystem? I'm talking about climate change specifically, but the complete collapse of the extinction of species, what they call the sixth extinction, the idea that since the Ice Age, we are now creating within a generation the kind of event that, at a minimum, arguably what we've already done since 1970 would take five to 7 million years to recover from the damage we've done since 1970. That's a longer length of time than human beings can comprehend given that we live for 70 years. Well, human beings as a species may not live that much longer given the fact that we're going into the dark ages and hostility and hatred. And ultimately, that leads to war. But I do think that there is another thing going on.  I mean, on the one hand, I think sometimes when I'm watching CNN, as maybe a partisan, if we're anti-Trump from the get-go and we turn it on, some of it may really register. Sometimes we may feel like they're getting too wound up. But if you're a nonpartisan, if you're someone is a bit confused, ambivalent, whatever, and you turn on CNN, and they're really amping it up, and it's not something that you particularly connect with, it seems to reaffirm this whole thing of the Trump derangement syndrome. So there is this issue of a measured response. But also, the other thing to unpack from what you were saying is that they create an outrage or a supposed outrage in one area. Maybe there are other areas, like with the environment, where they are creating outrages, but they're not talking about it, where we need to get outraged. So Trump is always setting the agenda. And that's a thing, right? In media studies, we talk about agenda setting, that we discovered and there's strong data now to back it up, evidence to back it up, that the media, they originally said the notion of agenda setting was the media can't tell you what to think, but they can tell you what to think about. Well, certainly the president can tell you, because he has such a bully pulpit, what to think about. But the press has to deal with that, has to set its own agenda. Well, one moderator, one newscaster on Fox News recently called Fox News a propaganda organ. I think that was a mistake. I think he was castigated for saying that. And after this break, Julian, I'm going to ask you a question I often ask myself. Do you watch Fox News? And if you do, or even if you don't, I like to know your views about it, where it fits in the firmament of news and journalism. Oh, we'll be right back after this break. Hello, my name is Stephanie Mock and I'm one of three hosts of Think Tech Hawaii's Hawaii Food and Farmers series. Our other hosts are Matt Johnson and Pamai Weigert. And we talk to those who are in the fields and behind the scenes of our local food system. We talk to farmers, chefs, restaurateurs and more to learn more about what goes into sustainable agriculture here in Hawaii. We are on a Thursdays at 4 p.m. And we hope we'll see you next time. Hey, Stan the Energyman here on Think Tech Hawaii. And they won't let me do political commentary. So I'm stuck doing energy stuff, but I really like energy stuff. So I'm going to keep on doing it. So join me every Friday on Stan the Energyman at lunchtime, at noon, on my lunch hour. We're going to talk about everything energy, especially if it begins with the word hydrogen. We're going to definitely be talking about it. We'll talk about how we can make Hawaii cleaner, how we can make the world a better place, just basically save the planet. Even Miss America can't even talk about stuff like that anymore. We got it nailed down here. So we'll see you on Friday at noon with Stan the Energyman, aloha. Yes, community matters. And we're talking about thought wars, objectivity in the age of Trump with Assistant Professor Julian Gorbach of the journalism program at UH School of Communications. So we left them hanging with my cliffhanger. And so I'm going to press that question. Do you watch Fox News? Yeah, that's a tough question to me, Jay. You put me on the spot, because I teach in news literacy. And I mean, we wouldn't be doing our job. We wouldn't urge the students to read a variety of sources from a variety of different points of view. But I just found I find it increasingly hard to really spend a lot of time on the right, leaning between Breitbart and Fox, spend a lot of time watching it. I just feel like I know what the president's saying. I'm inundated by his speeches and sound bites of him. And I feel like I end up following it very closely. He has the bully pulpit. And then I know what Lindsey Graham is saying. I know what Brett Kavanaugh was saying. I feel like I've heard out a lot of the arguments. And I've heard out a lot of the facts. So I don't know. Maybe I'm not giving, because I don't tune in on Fox News all the time, the right-wing media, enough of a fair shake. But I will say this in my defense. Maybe it's kind of a weak one. People can make up their own mind. But I don't think I watch or read the left-leaning, or sometimes we call it the mainstream media, with a complete, like I just take it in like an empty vessel. I see, I feel like a lot of times I'm reading it for what's not there as much as what is there. A lot of things about The New York Times and The Washington Post and the main cable stations that are quote unquote left-leaning frustrate the hell out of me. And it's not so much a left-right issue. It's that I think they miss a lot of the really obvious story. I think there's a huge disconnect a lot of times between our political conversation and or just our public sphere conversation, if you want to call what we have a public sphere at this point and objective reality, the two are not at all in line. I mean, like the amount of time that left-leaning media outlets have spent talking about the right and not about the huge amount of the country that just doesn't participate at all or seems to be a drift. I mean, the fact is that, OK, to go back to this idea that I read a lot about the 30s and 40s, I think a lot of people know when we look at the history of Nazism, a lot of historians write books about the average German. What the hell was the average German doing during the rise of Nazism? In 20 or 30 years, historians are going to be looking pretty closely, if we survived this, are going to be looking pretty closely at what was the average American thinking? What was the average American doing? Because we only had, in the last election, it was like 26% voted for Trump, 26% voted against Trump. That left, like, 48% of the country just on the sidelines. And really, like, you think you can sit on the side? I mean, how much? This is what happens if you do. Yeah, I mean, do we call these people complicit? Do we call them collaborationists? I think just calling them apathetic, I don't think. They're ill-educated. We've forgotten civic education, and this is the price we're paying for it. They don't care. They don't know. They don't want to be involved. They don't realize this is social fabric, and democracy requires participation. They don't realize that. Part of this is not only have we neglected in the education, but by neglecting it as the story, by burying the lead here, missing the story, it's gotten worse and worse. So now, you try and engage a non-voter, a nihilist, or someone who voted for Gary Johnson or whatever. Their heels, and I've done it a lot, like on social media, their heels are as dug in as the deepest partisan. I mean, nobody talks about that. But you try and get somebody off of their position of why they voted for Gary Johnson and what they're going to do this time around or whatever. You're not going to find an easy person to change their mind. Their minds are made. If they decided not to vote or they decided to vote for Harambe in the last election, as much as we may disagree with that, their minds are as made up as the people who are chanting CNN sucks or whatever at the Trump things or the partisans that we see at the liberal things. Wow, it's a football game, and you have your loyalty, and your loyalty is unshakable. Even if you know at some level, and you're thinking that Trump is lying 20, 30 times a day trying to, you know, when Kellyanne Conway spoke in the course of the campaign, I want to tell you my personal experience. When I watched there, I couldn't stand it. It was like having bugs all over me. Now, I practiced law for a long time, you know, like 50 years, and I deposed a lot of people of deposition and in trial. And I got to find out that the species lies. People lie. They lie for a purpose. They lie for a bad agenda, even a good agenda, but they lie. And when they lie, you, the lawyer, who is like on the other side of that, you're concerned that the judge or the jury may be confused by the lie. So you react. I do anyway. I did for all those years. And when I saw Kellyanne Conway lying, I said, you know, I know she's lying. I know that, I can tell. But can the judge or the jury, that is the American people, the base, the voters, do they know? And it would so greatly concern me that they did not know that they would buy the lie. You know, they couldn't watch her. This was before the election. I could not watch her. And the same thing with Trump. But when he lies, I can't watch. And Fox News, I can't watch because I know they're lying. And the reason is I'm afraid that the obiter, the judge, the jury, the people will be confused. And it troubles me so greatly that they will accept the lie and double down on the lie the way he does. And I believe a lot of Trumpers out there, they actually increasingly believe the lies. So we have a deterioration of truth and therefore a deterioration of he. Yeah, I mean, there are a lot of disturbing questions there about why people lie in the first place and what the consequences of that are. There are specific reasons why Brett Kavanaugh either shaded the truth or lied, depending on how you want to look at it when he was on the stand about whether or not he has ever blacked out or about what the reference in his yearbook page to Renata being an alumnus of this girl, this high school girl, Renata, said, oh, well that was just because we were friends. That's why I called myself an alumnus of Renata. The inside joke about calling her a slut, if you don't mind me using that, was all over the yearbook. And the question that people didn't get to on cable news and as much as they prognosticated about it was why was he lying? He's not a dummy when it comes to illegal proceeding or which is somewhat like what the hearing was. And he made a calculated decision that it was better for him to, if you want to call it shade the truth or lie, than to come clean. As risky as his strategy might be to do that under oath, he looked at his chances and he said, well, if I come out and I tell the truth about the fact that maybe sometimes I blacked out, as many of his classmates have said he did at the time or must have, first of all, they can't prove I ever blacked out. They can't get in my head. And second of all, the Renata alumnus, I can get away with that. I'm never gonna get prosecuted for perjury for doing that. And if I admit it, what kind of a can of worms is that gonna open in terms of this proceeding? Pragmatic. Yeah, and then the other side of it is what's the defense or what's the, so the one question is why they lie and what the consequences are. Trump lies for different reasons, a different diatribe. But anyway, the other question is how you respond to that. When you talk about Kellyanne Conway and her alternative facts, you know, we've been fixated on the idea that if we fact check, if we pick out these individual things, if Trump says this thing and we prove it wrong on this website, Politifact, then we've done our duty. Well, the thing is if people, if demagogues are in the business of creating myths, like we talk about what the Nazis, the idea, the big lie, okay, that you create some massive myth. And if you bring people over the river, what was the Rubicon? You cross the Rubicon with these people. They'll believe anything you say. That's what's happened.  So what's wrong with our economy? What's wrong with our society? This invasion of brown people from the South. And that's the problem, and you keep repeating that over and over. Well, to combat that by fact checking individual facts when it's a narrative is like a Maginot line, the way the French built a thing around the French border, and then the Germans just came around through Belgium. The Maginot line didn't work. Yeah, you just go around it. So, and it doesn't, so you can sit there trying to, it's like whack-a-mole, you're trying to hit all these individual facts, and you're missing the fact that he's managed to sell the story. Right, and the calling him to task is always later. So when he makes the lie, it has an effect. When somebody calls him out, it may not have the same effect, because it's later. And what troubles me, and I put this to you as my last question, because we're almost out of time, is it enough, is it enough, Julian, to counter-lice? Is it enough to say, when the president said this, he lied, or that, he lied?  I mean, are we supposed to be bowled over by the fact that it's 1500? That's a big number. That's like the species that have been exterminated. It's a big number, we can't really fully appreciate it. Is the press telling us the outrageous quality of a president lying? Do we get that, or is that the new normal?  He has to lie, that's his job, pragmatically speaking. Can the press do more about this? Well, I mean, this may sound like a strange response to it, but I wonder, at a lot of universities, they're shutting their philosophy departments. And we've gotten really weak as a country at just remembering some basic philosophical questions and issues. One of them would be, we talk about gun control, for example, and we never question, are people fundamentally good enough as just a human race that everybody should be entitled to a right to a gun? And we've spent so much time as liberals arguing regulation without saying, wait a minute, is there something about human nature? And then the Republicans say, oh, well, we need to deal with the mental health problem in this country. Well, maybe the problem is human nature, but to the point about lies with this, a simple philosophical point is that lots of little facts are not the same thing as the truth. I mean, we had a lot of uncomfortableness with Kellyanne Conway talking about alternative facts, but it gets a little bit blurry because on the other hand, we're not just interested in little fact here, little fact there, little fact there either. Just like Kellyanne Conway says, well, I can take the facts and do what I want with them. Well, on the side that's trying to combat this, we have to remember that it's not just about getting this fact, this fact, and this fact right, it's about the truth. The truth is not the same thing as an individual fact. We've gotta weave them together to explain what's really going on. And so even talking the way that I am now about some of the stuff about the basic philosophical grounding, we used to have these debates in the 30s and 40s and 50s when a lot of problems of our modern democracy emerged and we've forgotten to have them. A lot of times we act like the Constitution is engraved in stone and we forget some of the fundamental assumptions they had that A, led them to create the Constitution in the first place, and B, where maybe they got some of even those assumptions wrong by creating the system of the Electoral College or the way we created, as we're now seeing this issue of two senators in Wyoming and two senators in California. So there's a lot there that just philosophically we're not rising to the occasion of addressing some of the basic question. I don't think it has to be complicated. You don't have to be referring to Kant or any of these Heidegger. I don't even know my philosophy that well. But just basic questions of who are we? Where are we? What do we believe in? When Facebook would just allow anything to allow it to happen on its page, was it going back to the old beliefs of the Democrats of just let people argue it out and it'll work itself out? And is that the problem?  Is humankind perfectable or imperfectable? Can you fool all the people all the time? We're gonna find out soon. So before we leave, let's take a look at your book. You wrote a book about Ben Hecht. Here's the cover of the book. Tell us in one sentence what this book is about. Well, I mean, I think one of the central ideas is that Hecht had very dark views of what he call, what I call the soul of man. So this idea of human nature that I've been talking about, he thought that a lot of people might be motivated by the bigotry or dark impulses of prejudice and fear of the other. And that's really come to rear its head in the last few years. That if you could stir up the kind of tribalistic or bigotry, the animosity that we have, which is latent in us, that you could really create havoc within an undermined democratic system. Right, and using Facebook, you can accelerate that whole process. Thank you so much. We really appreciate you coming down. I want you to come down again. Can we talk about this all the time? Sure. Julian Gorbach, thank you so much. Yeah. Aloha. Thanks.


Hi everyone I hope you're all well and welcome back to another episode of our Pokemon VGC 2019 battle series we are here it is Thursday we are nearly at the end of the week and we are nearly at the point where we're going to say goodbye to this eval done build that we've played for what nearly is two weeks now in a little bit of a break in between but I hope you've been enjoying it guys and like I said in our previous episode what we're going to do in today's episode is have a little bit of a more fun take on this restricted combination and as you can see on your screen right now we've got a little bit more of a fun take we've got the eval tool we got Gengar which is going to be the mega of the team we've got groudon going to be the other restricted combination between that eval tool and the groudon then we got him on top we're keeping that there we've put the eject button on it now we've got stack attack around it gives us a little bit of a better option against Zernius for sure and then we've got little little jump fluff now we did face a jump fluff in yesterday's episode and I did say when we bumped into it it was something I'd been trying out with this core and something that I would like to bring on to the channel so here we are as always though guys the team is down in the description below there is a roll pace and a poker pace try it out test it up it might inspire some ideas but at the very least it'll give you some nice funsies to have on the butterspot with because we've got one of the things I do like about this team is young core disabled combination we've got between the jump fluff and the mega Gengar so we see that commonly used on whimsycott and with Gengar but we can also utilize it in this team you know the jump left gives us another fly a ground immunity with that flying type along with the Valtos so we've got some weaknesses to ground here but we've got ways around it we've got why God's still on the hit on top I've actually put skill swap on the stack attacker because I think getting into a position with ground on under trick room where we can skill swap the beast boost onto the ground on after assault slants and then start decimating things with those precipice blades it can really start to snowball things from there so it'll be interesting to see how the team performs I'm really excited to actually give it a go because things like jump fluff and stuff like that are a lot more fun to play around with and just a bit more entertaining so I really do hope you guys enjoy the episode today so without further ado let's get into it and as always if you do enjoy this sort of content guys please make sure to drop a like on the video to subscribe to the channel for more Pokemon content and leave your comments down below let me know what you think of the team here today and as we are creeping back towards that 1700 rating I think we'll kick off with the league title defense for today's episode and hopefully it doesn't take too long to find an opponent but I think it's not going to be like straightforward using this it might take a little bit of time to get used to but we are just featuring it today it's just a little bit of fun before we say goodbye to the weld on court as I say and do keep the suggestions coming in for teams that would like to see played next week I did put a poll up on the YouTube channel on Tuesday so check that out get your votes in say just comment what you would like to see and we'll make sure to try and feature it either next week or the following after that but we have our first opponent to kick us off today I'm gonna go up against Sky and we'll jump straight into team preview so Sky is our first opponent and playing a team of Bishop, Groudon, Lilligan, Salamence, Tabacoco and Azernius so we've got two chlorophyll users on both sides of the field here I think a jump bluff is a little bit faster so maybe makes it a little bit better who knows I do really feel like leading jump bluff isn't a bad option here got to be a little bit careful about the hit Montauk especially because of that defiant ability on the Bishop it will boost its attacker off and then lower it and let's see what we can do the Gengar's got to be a bit careful but once the Bishop kind of is out the way the Gengar doesn't do too bad a job if I'm totally honest and one thing we could potentially do is lead Gengar with the jump bluff but I'm more inclined to lead Groudon with the jump bluff here and then we'll have access to the sleep pattern and stuff like that we just got to be a bit careful around the Tabacoco that can kind of hinder our ability to utilize that right stack attack is going to be very good especially against Azernius the Salamence we just got to be a bit careful around that Groudon because of the precipice blades that can potentially throw at us and maybe hit Montauk isn't too bad to bring here and probably bench Gengar in this one although Gengar could be potentially good I'm probably gonna be more inclined to go with the hit Montauk here so we'll get into it we'll see how we get on so I'm not bringing the Gengar in the first match Gengar is one of those Pokemon I haven't really featured so much on the channel this year in the Ultra series and it's definitely a Pokemon I have a big lot of love for and it's something I do want to feature at some point so it's maybe something you guys want to see maybe next week we do feature it and it'll all come down to what you guys decide and but we are gonna see my opponent lead off with the Tabacoco and the Groudon so we are gonna get the Sun up you know we've got a pretty easy option here where we can just just double protect him one because we do have that fast on call that can utilize going into turn two if my opponent locks into something like sword stance or protect with their Groudon then it puts us in a way better position going into the following turn we could also switch in and I hit Montauk as well for our Groudon just preserve that or we could switch jump without him on top as well and the next turn so we've got the fake out to utilize there's lots of options here and I think double protecting isn't a bad idea then we look potentially the cocoa into something going into the next time we can't really utilize sleep power at the minute we've got the sap strength that we could utilize on the opposing Groudon so we can kind of neuter it that way I'm just gonna I am just don't protect him yet so we're gonna see the Groudon switch out we're gonna see Salomon tip field isn't the worst isn't the best we do get intimidated but we'll see what this cocoa goes for maybe a vault switch out onto our jump off here and maybe it's a bit passive from ourselves this first turn but I mean yeah there's a vault switch it's just into a jump off okay jump off isn't in the best of positions right now but I mean the same time well this element is is causing us a few issues for sure what could we do what could we do what could we do we could put this elements to sleep for sure and we could sword stance and because silence isn't on the ground so it is prone to being put to sleep or we could just press with blades kind of more inclined to just sword stance here to be honest on just sleep out of the salamence we'll probably take we will probably take a vault switch from the cocoa but we are sash so we're not too worried about that it's just making sure a little jump look fuzzy goggles on which I'm sure we give them a talk and two before this to make sure he does sleep out of jump bluff you are the worst Pokemon Venus always hits you sleep out of us how what what's that about Lilligan coming in now excellent there's a tailwind okay I mean we kind of get away with that a little bit the it's not ideal we might need to keep jump bluffing later on at least we can lose it so we'll protect Grado and we will bring in do we bring in stacks and try and get a trick room up it's probably not a bad idea and I don't see the Lilligan going for grass type attack into the jump bluff and I probably see something like hyper voice come out from the salamence of or anything else at this point and if we can get a trick room up we're gonna be in a way better position going into the the next few turns especially with my opponent God for more of it and there we go there's the on-call and a hyper voice it's not so good okay but I mean it's like I don't mind that too much I don't know what my opponent can do to really stop our trick room here and they can definitely on core ground on which we don't really want to get into the trap off to be honest and I'd rather bring in jump left sack it and get a trick room up and then keep ground on in and get locked into one call we weren't pretty useless so I will do that hopefully like the best case scenario here is we bring in jump left it goes down to a hyper voice and then we get a trick room up poor little jump left taking all the brunt of everything was this it's a blue doom from the Lilligan so maybe hip on top would have been well no no wouldn't have been better wouldn't have been better at all I think we take this though like it's gonna do a chunk of damage but I'm not worried about getting knocked out man does way more than what I thought dragon pulse that's not good ah but we actually take it so that's that that's good I thought we might actually go down to that which would have been literally the worst we do change the dimensions now I don't think we're gonna be able to take the Lilligan down unfortunately we can't encore it right this minute but could we get ground on in skill swap the ground on we will lose our son for sure but we will get the beast boost is it even gonna be worth it or is it better just going for a gyro ball and a sleep powder sleep powder into the salamence and a gyro ball and then just sacking and sacking the stack attacker at this point and just getting some damage onto this Lilligan the other option is switching in the ground on to get the chlorophyll boost onto the Lilligan so the gyro ball does more damage but we actually get it anyway so that is just how good stacks is defense rose sleep powder jump love pulling through there we go there we go you're not all that bad jump love we love you we love you really okay so we put this elements asleep now now the ground on comes back in but now there's no electric terrain but the ground on probably comes in and the type of caucus which is for the salamence my best guess but maybe it's a good time to wide guard and get our own ground on and do this let's do this because I think if the the opposing ground on doesn't go for a precipice blades because probably fire punch into jump love which our ground on I'll take pretty comfortably because the ground I'm going to just protect here salamence wakes up and protects okay now we reveal the wide guard okay so my opponents I don't think my opponent goes for I don't think my opponent goes for I'm gonna sword stance and bring in him on top because I just don't I just don't see them going for precipice blades this next turn because we've revealed it unless they completely call our bluff and then we deserve getting be bladed but there might be a special ground on as well you know they might have birth power so that's something else we can't discount but I'm banking on them being physical banking on stuff in Pokemon's never always the best idea but we get the him on top in we've got gonna have the fake at the next turn we get the salt stands to put that ground on put ourselves into a really nice position going into this next turn especially with a trick from up so that's from the opposing ground on and we're gonna see the salamence go for Dragon Pulse into a hit on top really perfect that's fine that's fine and because we get a check button we'll get out here we'll get because I trick rooms gonna end soon I think that's one of the things that we've got to we've got to remember that a trick and will end pretty soon and we get jump bluffing now protect protect and then we can put the ground on to sleep although the cocoa well they baits a cocoa and then doesn't it and we get stacks in I think stack as probably better because then we can we can pressure the salamence with the gyro ball and precipice blades at the same time because how many times a trick room we got one okay I'm gonna press this blade just to cover this ground on and there's a part of me that wants to just wide guard but I'm gonna gyro ball the salamence I think the ground on protects here we could see a double protect sure and then it made more sense for us to switch in a jump bluff here for our stack attacker but I just want to try and get this men's and I just don't yeah I think the men's attacks the stack attack here and this opens the door for our jump left to come back in okay this is still fine though because my opponent can't go for like they've got to attack like we can why God now and get rid of the ground on this is like this is super fine so yeah we just press this blades and we just wide guard we have revealed it and I think my opponent has to play on that like but we don't want to risk not wide guarding here because I don't think my opponents like they could have something tantrum for sure but yeah it doesn't look like they do and the cocoa coming in will be able to get rid of the cocoa and then when jump left comes back onto the field we can we can totally threaten that salamence now we probably lose stack attack here wow okay they actually went hyper voice okay we're back in that kind of same situation now I feel although the salamence is in a bit of a better position to like the ground on comes in it probably protects the salamence attacks into the stack attack for sure one thing we could potentially do is just switch into I hit my top and then we've got the fake out the next thing which would then allow us to fake out ground on press this blades if it does protect here and if not but are we just wide guard and just yeah and then we get we get topping anyway I think that's probably a better idea like we press this blades and why God just in case my point decides to get really cheeky and go for a sword stance with their ground on expecting us to think they are going to protect and I don't want to allow that to happen so we'll wide guard we'll just spam it the salamence has to attack into the stack attack area with dragon pulse which will take us down now but stacks has done so much work in this game really makes me appreciate the stack attack and interesting no protect from the ground on here does go for the sword stance so this is what I mean like if we not attacked into it this turn or protect it or done something else then we're getting punished here so precipice blades it does hit and this should take it down and then we've only got yeah we've only got the salamence to deal with now and then we can bring in jump love we can sleep powder it fire punch and it's all good all good and we still got hit my top and the back so we are able to eat a win out of this one it's not over yet of course but it's pretty much as good as over I would say so we'll just firepunch the salamence we'll go for that sleep powder and jump love after it was so so underwhelming and missing that first time where we use it coming back doing all the work now for us and although it's sleep powder is on strong salamence only had like a one turn sleep the previous time so hopefully we can have a little bit longer than that this this next turn yeah we're gonna need one more fire punch but I think it's all sealed up isn't it so then we'll go for the fire punch and I think what we'll do is go for a sap strength because we haven't seen it we should all get all our health back now and we should obtain us ash back large salamence's attack and this is why it's really good against something like a requiser because requires has got such a sky high and attacks that we can kind of intimidate it and get a sash back by just doing that as long as it sums up so it's really nice with them dealing with it and but we do take it down with the fire punch and sap strength we get to use it we get to use all the tech so really good game for us good game to my opponent sky and a nice way for us to kick off with this weird team today I'm gonna say we're team because I don't think the edges have been that refined with it I think there's a lot of room for improvement I did originally have tapu lele in the build as well but I feel like we need some sort of fake out and you know I was this class to put an incineroar into the team over the hip on top but I kind of retracted and thought you know what Gengar mega Gengar one of the things I love about mega Gengar is it's so fast it's so offensive and I think we'll change screen here we are and yeah it's so fast and so offensive I always feel like it's one of those Pokemon because it can't be faked out because of its ghost typing that it really thrives on helping hand support and that's kind of why I've got the hip on top here over anything else but we've got an ex-opponent of the episode so we will jump straight into it into team preview so next opponent Barba is running a team it looks a great team actually great props to Barba here running the Kyogre the Zernius which is the restricted combination the reindeer here we've got mega B drill which I've not seen on the channel yet so far this season I don't think we have so very excited to play that and see that in today's episode the tapu lele we've got the Amungus there's a trick room check and probably something against opposing Zernius support it's on Zernius and Kyogre and then the Alolan Persian gonna be the fast fake out of the team for my opponent to utilize here now the Persian and the tapu lele I would imagine the tapu lele is scuffed so the Persian and the lele do put a lot of pressure on to our Gengar so I'm a little bit put off bringing that to start with I mean stack attacker with the safety goggles has such a good time here if we can just dictate the weather on our side of the field then stack attackers having a great time especially against things like Zernius the B drill the drill we have to watch out for drill run of course and but the tapu lele and the Persian we kind of just do do a lot of work to so trick room here definitely good for us and though we do need to be a bit careful around that Amungus for sure right what are we gonna do we've not got a long left and let's go let's go jump off stack grow it on any Veltel it's locked in I don't even know if that's like the right call I've just clicked buttons I saw the timer was on like 10 seconds and we've just locked in but whatever happens it's gonna be a lot of fun and we're gonna have a good time in this battle and like I said at the start of the week this is an easy week you guys have been amazing and let me adjust back to life and get some content out before we hit it hard next week come back with a bang so I'm gonna see my opponent lead off with the Zernius and the tapu lele so not bad lead for us to be honest one of the things I really like with the encore and jump left is you can get that if you get the sun up with your jump left you can still on course Zernius into the geometry and now what are we gonna do I think I'm just gonna sleep out of the Zernius and I'm just gonna jar a ball I'll do a trick room do a trick room do a trick room when we got the opportunity tapu lele could taunt us for sure I feel like it could just jar a ball what's my product gonna do switching they've not got many switchings for it and I would expect maybe a moongus to hit the field now which would make sense I'm just gonna jar a ball the lele if we can get rid of that and make things a bit easier now we're just gonna say it's staying and as long as I sleep powder hits the Zernius which it does because jump left is back on form we put the Zernius to sleep and we are gonna be able to pick up the knockout onto this lele with that stack the stacker is just a beast it's like one of those Pokemon that I just I really do appreciate but I never use enough and every time I didn't use it I just rediscover this love that I've got for it and just how good it is it's just incredibly strong but we're setting ourselves up to be in a nice position now let's see what my opponent brings in maybe the Kyogre to get rid of the stacker but if the Kyogre comes in then we've got to switch into a groudon and I know I talk a lot through these turns guys but I think in a format like this it's so important to just just to ensure that you are kind of trying to stay a little bit ahead of the game the whole time now the big drills coming in now what does that mean for us well if we had rage powder it would be amazing on jump left the drill one probably does threaten our stack attack quite heavily and they will want to try and put the bead drill to sleep sure I do and I can't protect I can't protect stacker and but I can bring in Yveltal and we've got to rely on this this zernius staying asleep for a turn I'm gonna bring in Yveltal I think like even if because I feel like the bead drill attacks the stack attack here I think that's the biggest threat to my opponent's team for sure I don't want to bring in groudon just yet because the Kyogre is in the back and if I bring the groudon we'll take a drill run anyway but we are gonna see the bead drill going into these next few turns because then we can get stacker on to the field oh we're just gonna see a u-turn it's gonna be into the jump left okay that's interesting I wonder if it does have now we're gonna see Kyogre coming but I don't mind losing jump left because now get groudon and now we switch out Yveltal into stack attacker and then we get a trick room up it's whether or not the zernius is asleep now if it wakes up get the geomancy off and makes things a little bit more difficult for us but I believe in jump lefts I believe in jump lefts strong sleep hardest I think we're gonna get at least one turn out of this zernius that's the weakest the weakest of all sleep hardest so weak and we I mean Yveltal does stick around I think what we'll do is bring in stack attacker we'll get the trick room up and we'll switch groudon in it's better than bringing groudon in and then trying to stack her in yeah at least this way it's a bit more fluid so we will just don't even care about losing Yveltal now because we've got my speed about all we could just Z move the Kyogre it's just it's too risky it's too risky because if we lose the speed I would say it takes Yveltal down there would take a wasp out from this Kyogre which is now gonna be good so we're better off just bringing our groudon in and making use of it out there now I think once we've got the trick room up even if my opponent starts switching around I think we're in such a strong position with stack attacker and groudon that we're gonna be fine especially with that skill swap and I think that's what kind of slightly sways the match up a little bit for us so I'll see what my opponent decides to do now we know it's a B drill in the back and if we get the trick room which we're likely to do now I just don't see what my opponent can really do to kind of come back in this match so here's big bad groudon coming on to the field activating this primal reversion and activating that desolate land ability so we are gonna see this desolate land activate overwrite the primordial C Geomancy he's gone for it I mean the Zernius is going for it now so fair play we'll probably see an origin poster a water spout I imagine from the Kyogre but the Zernius is easier to deal with I think like than the Kyogre to be honest oh that's a nice play that's a nice play okay I like that I like that a lot but I don't really help my opponent out too much because we're just you jarra ball and precipice bleeds I mean we could sort of dance here but I don't have this really that much need to to be honest Kyogre probably switches out to B drill I think we just the next turn we can jarra ball the Zernius again in precipice blades so we can fire punch skill swap the B drill expecting the Kyogre to come on to the field there's there's a lot of options that we can do I really wanted to get the grout on with the skill swap here just to kind of snowball these these beast boosts if we could do that but I mean this is probably a good a good opportunity first do that here Zernius does protect and I think my opponent's like in a position where they they kind of either have to get rid of their GM anti-boost this next turn or see that's the annoying thing that is the annoying thing I think I'm gonna skill swap the grout on and I'm gonna I feel like you switch the Zernius out and try do you just I don't know I just really just I don't know I don't know what you do here but it's like I want to like a drill run is what I expect from the B drill here and the Kyogre switching on the Zernius slot but do you do that do you really do that in sacrifice your GM anti-boosts I don't know if you do I could just jarra ball and just fire punch the B drill I'm gonna kick myself if this is the Kyogre yeah it goes it goes out we should have skill swapped oh it's all it's all gone Pete on should have skill swapped a fire punched we had it locked in we were like Nelly okay we're gonna get away with it we're gonna get away with it we are gonna get away with it no jarra ball but now it's fine now it is fine because my opponent feels like they're in a really comfortable position now and they're not they're not at all because now we do skill swap and how many turns of trick room we got left to so we're in we're in decent shape because now we do skill swap fire punch the B drill get rid of that threat I think you would be better off if you're my opponent attacking with the B drill there I can understand why you probably protect to preserve your resources so you've got options to switch around a little bit better but my opponent's definitely thrown out a water type attack now 100% unless they are just like Jedi level prediction skills they might be you never know you never know on these situations but at least we're gonna see the skill swap we bottled it turn one we bought it big-styled in me we bought it but we are gonna be able to do this now okay alright so news coming back out onto the field and like fire punch is gonna be a two-hit kill at least onto the zoning so you've got to expect it should be unless it's like super bulky and but the car is definitely in a position now where it wants to we've got to be careful though I think as a trick room ending the next turn is where we can get a little bit hung up now I'd expect the Kyogre to switch out and this is where I think I need to go fire punch into the Kyogre no and I've locked into the Zernius but if there's only this is the worst I've misclicked five punch into the Kyogre slot to catch the B drill that's what we needed to do because there's only to protect here and now terrible fire punch goes into that slot I mean that the Zernius doesn't protect here then it's not so bad we still got why God as well we can okay so I'm gonna get the Zernius I mean I feel like my opponent by making that place kind of giving up a little bit now fire punch going into the Kyogre I'm not gonna do too much damage enough though picking up the burn just for good measure ice beam into growl on yeah and the trick room doesn't for the the B drill to come back in it's got drill run for sure I'm gonna jarra ball the B drill and I'm gonna just protect growl on here and I hope you target down the ground on and forget that the fact that the stack attack has got the desolate land I'll goes you turn okay I don't think it's got drill run then there's the ice beam okay it's into stacks and the jarra ball I imagine is gonna be enough to get the B drill it's gonna be enough yeah okay and then yeah we're gonna be able to close this one out we've got a Veltal in the back to come in and close this one up and we take two wins it was very close today guys it's very close a lot closer than I would have liked it to have been we'll trick room no we won't trick room we got a Veltal in the back we've got to think about this logically and we'll go jarra ball and we will go precipice blades and we should be able to lock this one up today very good and there's another ice beam coming out into the ground on the margin yet oh take this so nice and bulky precipice blades does actually hit very good ground on and picks up the knockout so very good game to my opponent nice to see B drill and stack attack again doing all the work in this episode so guys that is gonna be it for today I hope you've enjoyed today's episode it's been a lot of fun and we've had a little bit of a variation with the team but I'm holding off now waiting on your response let me know what you'd like to see with eveltal groudon what Pokemon you would like to see I mean if you'd like to see some more games of this team let me know we can totally just do that but if you've got specific Pokemon you think that would work really well with eveltal groudon then let me know and we will make sure to feature it tomorrow before we say goodbye to the restricted combination but thank you so much for tuning in guys I hope you've had a great time I hope you have a great rest of your day and I'll see you all for the next one very soon so until then take care of yourselves and bye bye


A very good evening aspirants, we are going to start our today's video with an important note. Yes, this is about the pre-storming 2023 batch 3. As you all know, the orientation program of batch 3 has already concluded and the first test is going to be conducted on 20th November 2022 that is on Sunday. Like the previous two batches, this batch will also contain 6 to 6 tests and it will be conducted both online and offline mode. So grab this opportunity which helps you to increase your prelims score. We all know question paper solving is very important when it comes to prelims, right? So with this note, let us get into the daily Hindi news analysis for the date 18th of November 2022. Displayed here are the list of articles that we are going to discuss today. Without any delay, let's get into the article discussion. Today we are going to start our discussion with this front page news article. This news article is about a RIT petition filed in the Supreme Court. The petitioner questioned the efficiency of collegium system in the RIT. He even called the collegium system a synonym for nepotism and favoritism. So the petitioner in the RIT petition asked to revive the National Judicial Appointments Committee and this is to replace the collegium system. See regarding the collegium system, even our union law minister mentioned that nowhere in the world except India, there is a practice that judges appoint their brothers as judges. So for all of these things, Supreme Court mentioned that there are enough checks and balances within the collegium system itself and even the Chief Justice of India in this regards pointed out that collegium system was provided by a judgment of the court and it was introduced through an iron judge bench judgment in the year 1993. And he also wondered whether an iron judge bench judgment could be challenged through a RIT petition and this is about the news article given here. So in this discussion, we will be focusing on the National Judicial Appointments Committee. But before that aspirants go and watch the October 16th, 2022 in the news analysis. In that analysis, we have covered the collegium system fully. So if you go and see that, you will get a hold of the continuity of events. Now let us start our discussion. First of all, understand that the National Judicial Appointments Committee was introduced to give the executive a say in the appointment and transfer of judges in the upper judiciary that is Supreme Court and the High Court. And in the year 2014, Parliament enacted the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act. See this amendment only introduced article 124A into the Constitution. And it is the article 124A that provided for the composition of National Judicial Appointments Committee. So basically through 99th Constitutional Amendment Act, our Parliament created the National Judicial Appointments Committee, which is shortly referred as NJAC as a constitutional body. And this is to replace the collegium system. See here you have to notice one thing. The 99th Constitutional Amendment Act received the unanimous assent of both the houses of the Parliament except for one opposing vote from Rajya Sabha. And also know that the amendment received assent from 21 state assemblies. See here I have a small question for you. What necessitated the need for the assent of states in regards to 99th Constitutional Amendment Act? Aspirants if you know the answer to this question, post your answer in the comment section. Now coming back, the NJAC was brought to ensure two things. One I already mentioned. It is nothing but to give the executive essay in the appointment and transfer of judges in the upper judiciary. And the second thing is to ensure transparency in appointment and transfer of judges of the Supreme Court. So this is about the background of NJAC. Now let us see about the composition of NJAC. See NJAC is a six member body. Firstly, there is the Chief Justice of India and then two senior most judges of the Supreme Court and then the Union Law Minister and finally two eminent persons. See these eminent persons were to be nominated by a committee consisting of Chief Justice, Prime Minister and the leader of the opposition in Lok Sabha. Now there is a condition for these eminent persons. See these eminent persons they were to be nominated for a three year term and they are not eligible for renomination. And this is about the composition of NJAC. How many members are there? Six members. Chief Justice of India, two senior most judges of Supreme Court, Union Law Minister, two eminent persons. Now let us see what happened to this NJAC. See in the year 2015 the Supreme Court through the four judges case struck down the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act. So what was the reason behind striking down the NJAC? For this the Supreme Court said that primacy of judiciary is one of the basic structures of the Constitution. So NJAC by giving the executive some power in the appointment of judges is diluting the primacy of the judiciary. And for this reason only Supreme Court said that it struck down the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act. And remember this happened in the year 2015. And also remember it was struck down by four judges case. And this is all you need to know about the NJAC. Now coming back to the news article again. See the news article mentions about an interesting judicial term void ab initio. Now what does this void ab initio mean? See ab initio literally translates to from the beginning. So in judicial practice if something is declared void ab initio then the said thing is invalid from its very inception that is from its very beginning. So in the news article the petitioner who filed the petition mentioned that 2015 four judges case judgment must be declared void ab initio. That is the 2015 four judges case judgment should be declared void or invalid from the very beginning itself. So this is one interesting term that is mentioned in the news article and I thought you should know about it. And this is all regarding this particular news article discussion. In this discussion we saw about the Constitutional Amendment Act which created the NJAC the need for NJAC the composition of NJAC and finally we ended our discussion by seeing an interesting judicial term void ab initio. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next news article discussion. For our next discussion we are going to take this editorial article. See this editorial article talks about the recent extension of Pradhan Mantri, Garib Kalyan, Anayojana and the extension is for another three months. So what is the scheme and what is the extension will understand them in this particular news article discussion but before that the syllabus relevant to the article is highlighted here for your reference please go through it. Now let us begin the discussion with Pradhan Mantri, Garib Kalyan, Anayojana. See this Pradhan Mantri, Garib Kalyan, Anayojana shortly referred to us PMGKAY. It is a scheme which is a part of Atmanirbaar Bharat and its objective is to supply free food grinds to migrants and poor people. I hope you all know about Atmanirbaar. See it is nothing but a 20 lakh crore rupees economic stimulus package aimed at creating self-sufficient and resilient India. See it was announced by Prime Minister in his address to nation in the month of May 2020 and this package is to cater to various sections including cottage industry, MSMEs, labourers, middle class industries among others. And this Garib Kalyan, Anayojana is also a scheme which is a part of Atmanirbaar Bharat and as we already saw its aim is to supply free food grinds to migrants and poor. See this scheme was operational from April 2020 and it was launched in six phases up to September 2022. Now the scheme has been extended again for another three months which is from period October to December 2022 and this phase is called as phase 7. Now let's look into the benefits of the scheme. See under the scheme more than 81.35 crore people were provided with 5 kg of free wheat or rice per person per month along with 1 kg of free whole channa to each family per month. So what does the family get? The whole family is getting 1 kg of free whole channa per month but as for as wheat and rice is concerned 5 kg free rice per person per month. Now know that wheat has been allotted to six states or union territories. They include Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Chandigarh, Delhi and Gujarat and rice has been provided to the remaining states and union territories. Remember all these are over and above the regular monthly entitlements under the National Security Act of 2013. Now what is this National Food Security Act? See this act covers up to 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population under Anthodaya Anayojana and priority households. See here priority households include poorest section of the population and the Anthodaya Anayojana which is shortly referred as AAY includes the poorest of the poorest section of the population. So this Anthodaya Anayojana was a step in the direction of making targeted public distribution system. It is shortly referred as TPDS and it aimed at reducing hunger among the poorest sections of the below poverty line population. See this scheme that is the Anthodaya Anayojana suddenly came up because of the National Sample Survey exercise which pointed towards the fact that 5% of the total population in the country sleeps without two square meals a day. So in order to make the targeted public distribution system more focused and targeted towards this category of population the Anthodaya Anayojana was launched in December 2000 for 1 crore poorest of the poor families. See do you all remember the Global Hunger Index of 2022? We saw that India scored very low right. So when a question is asked in the mains relating to hunger you can very well write this point. You can write it under steps taken by the government to address the hunger situation in India. The Anthodaya Anayojana scheme is one such step and the National Food Security Act is also one such step. Now coming back to the discussion. See under the National Food Security Act the Anthodaya Anayojana households are entitled to 35 kg of food grains per family per month and the priority households they are entitled to 5 kg per person per month. So this is the entitlements as per the National Food Security Act. See moments before we saw about the entitlements that were given under Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana right. So as you can see the limits that were given under Garib Kalyan Anayojana is way above the limit that is prescribed in the National Food Security Act. See this is done to make sure that the migrants and poor they do not sleep without food during the COVID-19 pandemic. So this is the basis of the Garib Kalyan Anayojana scheme. See I have given here the eligibility criteria for the scheme for your reference just go through it. Now apart from the eligibility criteria you should know that the Garib Kalyan Anayojana scheme it covers approximately 80 crore poor people and it functions under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs food and public distribution. See the program is operated by the Department of Food and Public Distribution working under the same ministry and we already saw that the scheme has been extended for another three months and this is the phase 7. See this move it is very surprising for two reasons. Firstly in the months prior to the latest extension that is during the months of September 2022 there was much of a debate on relevance of freebies right and we have also covered about it in many of our analysis. See people were talking about the relevance of freebies and how it is disadvantageous in various angles. We saw all of that but again now government is opting for giving free food grains. So this is surprising. Secondly there were reports in June that expenditure department is not favoring this move because there is fund crunch in the center and it is also seen that the scheme is no longer needed because we have overcome the pandemic situation right. This is a non-pandemic scenario. So it is surprising why the government is extending the scheme for another three months. That too in non-pandemic times and one more relevant factor here is the Russia-Ukraine conflict. See we all know the consequences of Russia-Ukraine conflict particularly in the agricultural sector is significant and we have also seen the adverse impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the world's food and energy sectors. So these are the two reasons why the move by the government to extend the scheme is very surprising and having seen all about the scheme now let us see some of the issues in the scheme. See firstly even though the scheme tries to cover the bottom layer of the society many are left to behind. See this is because the beneficiaries of the National Food Security Act they are based on the last census that is 2011 census and since then the number of food insecure people has increased and they remain uncovered. See the beneficiary list cannot be expanded unless we conduct the next census. So this is the first issue. Secondly the scheme is very expensive. See it is very expensive because the government they have to sustain and increase the need for an abundant supply of cheap grains. I hope you all remember that in 2022 India was forced to limit the wheat and rice exports due to erratic weather and this increased the food prices and it adversely affected the global agricultural markets and considering all this the scheme is very expensive. Now this is the second issue. Thirdly the scheme will increase the fiscal deficit of the government. See the scheme will pose a risk to the government's target to narrow the fiscal deficit to 6.4% of the GDP. Now you may ask how will fiscal deficit increase if the government is giving away free food grains. See if there is fund crunch in the center then obviously the government has to borrow to fund the scheme right and that's how the fiscal deficit happens and this is the third issue and finally the scheme might cause inflation. See what happens when the production is low and distribution is high it leads to inflation right. See the prices of rice and wheat makes about 10 percentage of India's retail inflation and due to decreased production brought by heat wave and Apache monsoon rice and wheat prices are increasing. So in such a situation distributing extra free grains might lead to food inflation and this is the final issue. Now that's all about this article discussion. In this discussion we saw about Pradhan Mantri, Garib Kalyan, Anayojana, the extension of it and we also saw about the National Food Security Act 2013, we saw about Anthodaya Anayojana, we saw about the eligibility criteria of the implementing ministry and after that we moved on to see why the extension is surprising and finally we ended our discussion by seeing the issues of the scheme. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next article discussion. Now see this news article it is about the Siberian ruby throat. See it is a migratory bird. This bird was recently spotted in Nilgiris. So in this discussion we'll focus on the Siberian ruby throat. See this bird breeds in the Siberian mixed coniferous forest where there is undergrowth. Now you may wonder what is undergrowth? See it is nothing but the vegetation found near the forest floor and why does the Siberian ruby throat breed in the mixed coniferous forest where there is undergrowth? See this is because these birds build their nest near the ground and since the bird is very shy the undergrowth provides the much needed cover for the bird and as I already mentioned this is a migratory bird. Now look at this distribution map of the species to understand the extent to which these birds travel. See in the summers the birds travel northwards and they breed in the Siberian forests of Russia and in the winters they escape the harsh Siberian winters and they travel southwards and spend their winters in Thailand, India, Indonesia and Bangladesh. See they do not breed in the winter and this is about the migratory pattern of the Siberian ruby throat. See in India also during the winters it is mainly confined to the eastern part. Now you can see the main range of this bird in the light green area mentioned in this image here and it is due to this reason only the sighting of the bird in Neil Geary's is a rare and significant one. Now coming to the physiological features of the species. See the scientific name of this species is caliope, caliope. Here caliope is a Greek term which literally means beautiful moist. So it is basically a song bird and occasionally it also does mimicry and note that this is an insectivorous bird so it mainly feeds on insects, spiders, worms and small invertebrates and rarely the bird also eats berries and fruits. Now finally coming to exam specific information. See the IUCN status of the Siberian ruby throat is least concerned. Now this is about the bird Siberian ruby throat. Now let us move on to see about the importance of the migratory birds. The first importance is the dispersal of seeds. See migratory birds play an important role in dispersal of seeds along their migratory root and through this activity they help maintain the biodiversity of the region and the second importance is soil fertility. See the droppings of the bird which is also known as guano they are rich in nitrogen and they act as organic fertilizers and in addition to this eggshells of the birds can add calcium and even other minerals also and this is the second importance and the third is that the migratory birds act as an indicator of a healthy environment. See the presence of migratory birds help evaluate the state of the environment in a particular area and these are the three major importance of migratory birds. Now that's all for this article discussion. In this article discussion we saw about Siberian ruby throat its distribution physiological features, IUCN status and finally we ended our discussion by seeing the importance of migratory birds. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now we are going to take this news article for our discussion. This news article talks about a declaration made by the High Court of Karnataka. See the High Court of Karnataka has declared that the nominated members of town panjayat and the municipality they have no right to vote in the elections to the Karnataka legislative council. So this is about the news article given here. In this context let us understand the procedure of election for the members of legislative council. See we all know that the legislature of every state consists of governor and the state legislature. In some states the legislature consists of two houses namely legislative assembly and legislative council. But in the remaining states there will be only one house namely legislative assembly. If you have any doubt how is this possible it is because of constitution. See the constitution provides for the abolition or creation of legislative councils in the states and accordingly the parliament can abolish or create a legislative council. Provided the legislative assembly of the concerned state passes a resolution to that effect. So if the legislative assembly of the state passes a resolution regarding abolition or creation of legislative council then the parliament can abolish or create a legislative council in the respective state. And this is about the basics of the legislative council. Now coming to its composition see according to article 171 of the constitution the legislative council of a state should comprise not more than one third of the total members of legislative assembly of the state. And it also says that in no case the total number should be less than 40 members. So it is nothing but it should not be more than one third of the total members of legislative assembly and it should not be less than 40 members also. Now this is about the composition. Moving on let us see about the election procedure. See the members of Vidhan Parishad or the state legislative council they are indirectly elected. So how are they indirectly elected? One third of the members are elected by members of local bodies like municipalities, panjayat, district boats etc. See here only today's news article becomes relevant. As per the Karnataka High Court the nominated members of local bodies that is the town panjayat and municipalities they cannot take part in the election of Karnataka legislative council. But what does the provision says it says one third are elected by members of local bodies but it does not specify whether it is by elected members or nominated members. So that is why we are discussing this article today. So this is the first provision and the second one is that one-twelfth of members are elected by graduates of three years standing and residing within the state and another one twelfth are elected by teachers of three years standing in the state not lower and standard than the secondary school and after that one third are again elected by the members of legislative assembly from amongst the persons who are not the members of the assembly and finally the remaining members are nominated by governor from persons who have a special knowledge or practical experience of literature, science, art, cooperative movement and social service. So what does this mean this means that five sixth of the total number of members of legislative council are indirectly elected and the remaining one sixth are nominated by the governor. See these members they are elected in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote and the bona fide or propriety of the governor's nomination in any case cannot be challenged in the courts and this scheme of composition of legislative council which is laid down in the constitution is tentative and it is not final. See as per the constitution the parliament is authorized to modify or replace the procedure. However parliament has not enacted any such law so far so the constitutional provision stands till today. Now this is about the election procedure to legislative council of state. Now coming to its tenure see like the Rajya Sabha the legislative council is a continuing chamber that is it is a permanent body and it is not subject to dissolution but know that one third of its members retire on the expiration of every second year. So what does this mean? This means a member continues as such for six years and the vacant seats are filled by fresh elections and nominations at the beginning of every third year. Know that the retiring members are also eligible for re- election and renomination for any number of times. Now that's all regarding this particular article discussion in this discussion we saw about the abolition and creation of legislative council of state its composition election procedure and finally we ended our discussion by seeing the tenure of the legislative council of a state. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next article discussion. Now this is the final article for today's discussion. This news article talks about the national investment infrastructure fund. See according to the news article our finance minister has urged the national investment and infrastructure fund to expand its operations and find ways to bring in private capital. She also asked the NIIF which is expanded as the national investment infrastructure fund to focus on projects under the national infrastructure pipeline Prime Minister Gatti Shakti and national infrastructure corridor. And this news article also says that NIIF has proposed setting up its first bilateral fund. See it is titled as India-Japan fund with contributions from government of India and Japan Bank for international development. And this is about the news article given here. In this context let us understand some important points about NIIF. To understand about the national investment and infrastructure fund you must know about the development banks. See development banks they are specialized banks that provide long-term and high volume funding to various developmental projects. For example they provide funding for the construction of ports transport corridors etc. Here the main difference between the development banks and the commercial banks is that commercial banks take deposits from the public and they provide it as loan to the others. But the development banks they rise funds from the high net worth investors or by issuing bonds. And afterwards they lend this money to the developmental projects. See in India once we had various government owned development banks. For examples we had industrial finance corporation IDBA and ICICI. It's surprising no. Yes IDBA and ICICI where started as the developmental banks. But the problem was these developmental banks stayed as loss making banks. So post 1991 liberalization they were transformed into commercial banks. And in some cases they even got privatized. So currently in India we do not have any big developmental banks which is focused mainly on infrastructure. But as India is a fast growing country there is an increasing demand for infrastructure and it needs funding also right. Now here you may ask even commercial banks can also lend for these projects right. Yes it can but commercial banks they lack the expertise in this regard. So basically there were large infrastructure projects but there was no dedicated institution to provide them the credit. So a vacuum was created in this situation. So to fill this vacuum only NIIF was created. See NIIF was created in 2015 and it was created with an initial funding of 40,000 crore from government of India. See the Indian government has 49 percentage holding in this and the rest of the capital is raised from third party investors. Third party investors in the sense either foreign or domestic investors. See since the Indian government holds a 49 percentage in NIIF it is also termed as quasi sovereign wealth fund. So what is the sovereign wealth fund sometimes the national governments generate excess income right. And this surplus revenue is maintained as a separate fund. If this excess amount lies idle it will not generate any income. See they will invest this amount in low risk areas to generate revenue and this fund is only called as sovereign wealth fund and the Indian government's 49 percentage holding in NIIF it is also a sovereign wealth fund and this you should know. So we know that Indian government has 49 percentage investment in NIIF. Then who are the rest of the investors look at this image here. These institutions are the other major investors in NIIF and using this fund only the NIIF invests in commercially viable greenfield brownfield and stalled infrastructure projects and it mainly focuses on energy transportation housing water and waste management sectors. So basically NIIF achieves two things one is that by investing in commercially viable projects it provides commercial return to its investors and the second thing is that it provides the much needed funding to the investment lacking India's infrastructure sector. So what does this mean? It means that NIIF kills two birds with one stone it is a win-win scenario. See another important point about the NIIF is that it is registered as a category two alternative investment fund with SEBI. See this is an important point take note of it while taking note go and find out what is alternative investment fund also and add that also to your notes. Now coming back to the discussion see NIIF it maintains three funds the first one is master fund it is the NIIF's core infrastructure funds this fund is primarily used for investing in infrastructure projects like roads ports airports power generation etc and the second fund is the fund of funds. This fund is maintained by third party well renowned fund managers see these fund managers can use this fund another private funds to invest in equity that is the share market. So fund of funds main role is to earn returns to the investors of the NIIF. So this is the second one the third one is the strategic opportunities fund shortly referred as SOF. See it has been established with the objective to provide long term capital to high growth future ready businesses in India. Basically it is providing capital to businesses in India. So these are the three funds one is master fund the other one is fund of funds and the third one is strategic opportunities fund. So what is the significance of these funds see the main advantage of NIIF is that since the risk is divided among three funds even if one fund is making loss the other two can cover for that. So the amount provided by the investor is secured by this way and this move will attract investor confidence and that is why many investors are planning to provide funding to the NIIF. So this is all about the national investment infrastructure fund that you have to know and this is all regarding this particular news article discussion. In this discussion we saw about development banks the difference between development banks and commercial banks and after that we saw about the national investment infrastructure fund the different investors of NIIF the three types of funds maintained under NIIF and the significance of it. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next part of the discussion that is the practice prelims question discussion. Today we have four prelims questions I'll solve three of them and one of them is a quiz question for you. Now let us solve this first question consider the following statements regarding the transfer of judges of high court statement one according to article 222 of the constitution precedent after consultation with chief justice of India may transfer a judge from one high court to any other high court. Statement two post the three judges case before expressing his opinion to the precedent the chief justice of India should also take into account the views of four senior most supreme court judges. See these two statements they are correct according to article 222 of constitution precedent should consult chief justice of India before transferring a judge from one high court to any other high court and the chief justice of India he in turn should consult four senior most supreme court judges. Now coming to statement three for transferring a high court judge other than the chief justice of high court the chief justice of India should take the views of the governor of the concerned state. See this statement is incorrect for transferring a judge other than the chief justice the chief justice of India should take the views of chief justice of high court concerned as well as the chief justice of the court to which the transfer is taking place. Adding to this the chief justice of India should also take into account the views of four senior most supreme court judges. This we saw in the second statement but in case of transfer of the chief justice of high court the chief justice of India should only take into account the views of four senior most supreme court judges. He need not consult with the governor of the concerned state. So the third statement is incorrect so the correct answer to this question is option A one and two only. Now moving on to the second question which among the following birds migrate to India? Siberian Crane, Greater Flamingo, Rosy Pelican, Raleena, College Fessent. See the correct answer to this question is option C one two and three only. Why is this? See the first three are migratory birds which migrate to India during winter. Raleena otherwise known as the great Nicobar Craig is a flightless bird as the names are just it is found in great Nicobar biosphere reserve. So these birds do not migrate. Now coming to College Fessent see it can fly but only for a shorter distance. They also do not migrate. On 21st October 2021 the government of Jammu and Kashmir declared College Fessent as bird of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. So again the correct answer to this question is option C one two and three only. Now moving on to the third question consider the following statements regarding Legislative Council. Statement one unlike Legislative Council composition of the Council of States is not mentioned in the Constitution. Here don't get confused. Legislative Council is Vidhan Parishit. Council of States is Rajya Sabha. So what has the statement given? The composition of Rajya Sabha is not mentioned in the Constitution. See this statement is incorrect. Rajya Sabha it is the upper house of the Indian parliament. It is also called as Council of States and the composition of both the Council of States and Legislative Council is mentioned in the Constitution itself. We saw the composition of Legislative Council in our discussion. Now coming to the Council of States which is nothing but the Rajya Sabha the Constitution provides that the Council of States shall consist of 12 members to be nominated by the President and not more than 238 representatives of the state and of the Union Territories. So in total 250 members. So the statement which says that the composition of Council of States is not mentioned in the Constitution is incorrect. Now coming to the second statement both Legislative Council and Rajya Sabha are permanent bodies. This is correct. This we saw in our discussion itself. Now read carefully what has the question asked. The question has asked to identify the incorrect statements. So what is the correct answer here? We saw that statement one is incorrect and statement two is correct. So the correct answer to this question is option A 1 1 Lee. Now moving on to the final question. See aspirants this is the quiz question for you. Read the question carefully think for a moment and post your answer in the comment section. Aspirants I have given here a main question for your practice. So interested people write it and post your answer in the comment section. If you have any queries related to the articles that we discussed today, post that also in the comment section. And with this we have come to the end. If you find the video useful, like, share and comment and do subscribe to Shankar Ayes Academy's YouTube channel for further updates. Thank you.