Okay, so I'm very excited to be here to talk about learning on demand and how it's coming to Moodle workplace. This is huge for us, and I'm very excited to be here and see a lot of familiar faces. So let's get started. So about me, first, you probably don't see me there, but I'm this guy, just sitting beside Martin, which means that for the next year, I will be in a lot of marketing materials, so you'll see my face. So I managed to sit beside him, but a couple of things about me, I think I need a mic. So I'm a long time Moodleer, I think since 2008, sorry, that I was working with Moodle. I'm a product person and I'm a product manager at heart, even before it was a thing for me, I didn't know that that was a title, but I was a product person. I'm a product solver, I'm optimistic, probably. So you can see that, oh, okay. It's not a glass of whiskey, by the way, but I couldn't find a glass of water. So I'm one of these persons that sees the glass full, half full, and not half empty. I'm proud of that. I'm getting married this Saturday, and I love this Moji for no reason and I use it everywhere. Okay. Okay, so let's talk about something completely different, the learning catalogue. So what is the learning catalogue? So what is the catalogue? So you probably have seen catalogue all around. So when you're accessing Udemy, edX, Coursera, you're actually using a learning catalogue and something that basically lets you to choose the learning you do want to take, some things that are interesting to you, and basically decide what you want to learn. So this is what we want to have in Muro Workplace. It will take us a while to get there, but we're working on that. So for us, a learning catalogue will mean that we will be unlocking the learning on demand way of learning, because right now in workplace, we focus on the prescribed learning use case. Basically, it's someone else deciding what you need to learn, but because that's a huge use case in workplace, we have certifications, we have compliance training, and things like that. And of course, it's not that workplace is not really for the learning on demand use case. There's a lot of products out there that do this. There are catalogues that they can be integrated with workplace, our partners use them all the time, but there wasn't any built-in solution for this. This is something essential, so that's why we are adding Muro Workplace. And it was, in fact, one of the top priorities, the topmost priority when we ask partners what is the feature they wanted to have in workplace. So let's go back to the start, a little bit, so it doesn't go so fast, because if not, it'll take 10 minutes only for my presentation. So let's go back to the promise that we want to solve with this. What uses me? So for learners, they want basically to choose their learning and access it anywhere, anytime, find the best learning for the better price, and discover new courses that are available to them. This is basically what learners want to do when they are looking for a catalogue. Managers, which is a user persona for us, is very important. They want them to learn and improve by allowing them to choose their own learning. This is key. And also by recommending learning 30 minutes. It's not the same thing recommending something to someone done, basically assigning them to the learning. Also developers, which are very important for us, because linking with what I said yesterday, Muro Workplace is more at least both a product, a platform, and a solution. So as a platform, for us, it's very important that developers have a building catalogue and e-commerce functionality embedded into Muro that they can customize and extend. So there are a lot of keywords here. It has to be embedded into Muro, has to be a building solution, and obviously it must have e-commerce functionality so they can customize it and extend it. And organizations, they want to help improve their employees' skillset, increase their work power and therefore their benefits, but also, most importantly, promote and monetize their learning. All these things are different users from the catalogue. But you will be wondering why now or why we waited for so long to introduce the catalogue. So the first thing is that we didn't wait for so long. We have been working on this for a long time, but before we could build a catalogue within Workplace, we needed to have some things embedded into the platform that they didn't exist before 4.0. So we took the opportunity, before 4.0, to start designing the UI and the user workflow, having the catalogue in mind. So the introduction of the MyCourses pages was essential for us, because, as you know, apart from courses, we have also other learning entities, programs and certifications. So this was in place where we could show the users all the learning that was assigned to them. In fact, this is like their personal learning catalogue. So this was the first step towards that. With this, we introduced their course cover page, which is basically the details page on any catalogue. You will see, if you don't have access to the course, but you can see what is this course about, the dates and all the relevant information. You can imagine that if you had a by-mouton in there, you'll have half of the functionality of the catalogue. So we introduced the course cover page, and we also have the same four programs with the program page. So when we introduced all these elements, we had the catalogue in mind. So that's why. So what are the goals we want to achieve with the catalogue? This is very related, of course, to the pain points. So with the catalogue, we want to empower learners to take control of their own learning journey. This is basically learning on demand. We want to enable organizations to curate, promote, and monetize their learning natively in motor workplace. And we want to make it easy for developers and partners to add custom e-commerce features to motor workplace using this flexible and scalable, built-in catalogue solution. So they're very ambitious goals, and the catalogue alone could be like a different product, because it's very big. So how we approached the design, what was our approach to design with this? Because we had to make sure that we designed this in a way that we could test it as soon as possible and learn from it, because it's massive. So we moved working on this for, I think, one year, maybe. So everything started with the benchmarking. So we were looking at how all the solutions, what problems all the solutions were solving, how they solved them, and what we could do to add similar functionality. And with this, we continued the research to really dig into this aspect and everything to prepare like a very big workshop with our partners that took us like one month to prepare this. We got all the PEG partners in a room, in a virtual room, and started discussing all the things that we could add to the catalogue, but what were the priorities. And the mirror was so massive that I couldn't include it even in 10 slides. But with this, we didn't want to have a very detailed roadmap that it would probably be outdated six months after. But we really wanted to know what was essential for them so we can build the very first person of the catalogue. And on top of it, we could evolve it and add the rest of the feature. So we did the user storm mapping with them. I'll get into this in a sec. And we sliced the two first relations that we wanted to do not to be very ambitious. And then we started with the prototype look, which means that we started creating prototypes from very high level ones just to test our assumptions, test them with real users, refine the prototypes, and do this again. I think we did like three or four looks with this until we got to a prototype. But we really thought it was great. And it had exactly what we wanted to have. And then we started with the development. So what's the release plan? What will be in the catalogue? So first thing that we do is that we took the essential functionality and we split it into two releases. So in this case, with other features, we always had this approach, this incremental approach to add features in workplace. But with other features, we used to create like very big MVPs, which means that we could be working on something for six months, something obviously not so big like this. Only to realize that we put that in the house of the partners or that real users start using them, we found things that maybe we could have done differently. But we didn't know because that was the first time our users used that. So with the catalogue, we thought that we should do something different. So we should have a shorter feedback loop. So the MVP for us was basically something that could value to some users, only to some users, but that we could test. So if we could get something for the next major release, put it in the hands of the user, validate it, our hypothesis, do user testing with the real product, we could learn from it and decide with partners what is the feature that we wanted to add next. So for the first, this is like first release, and then in the second release, we just decided to add the sensor to function ID. So in release one, we implemented a course catalogue and release two could be the MVP for the learning catalogue. I'll go with that in a second. So this is what we were planning to do, and this is what we're really doing. So the course catalogue, in the first release of Mural, in its first release, which is Mural WordPress 4.4, it will basically have the same functionality of the slash courses catalogue in Mural. It will effectively replace it in WordPress. So if you enable it, you will get to our catalogue instead to the Mural LMS standard catalogue. So we will have the same functionality. People have courses that can be made public through the catalogue. Users will be able to find learning in there to purchase courses the same way they will do in Mural, and set the catalogue as set home. So basically we'll cover the same functionality, obviously adding some bits and, and as you can imagine, changing everything underneath and under UI, but the functionality will remain the same. This way, we can set that for the user, for our users that are using only courses that really need course catalogue functionality, they can start testing this and help us to validate our hypothesis. What we're going to do is just developing what is essential and relying on Mural in these first releases for everything that Mural already does. So we're not going to reinvent the wheel with the way Mural has to, for users to buy courses. So we will support enrollment plugins, there will be the payment gateways, natively and everything to ensure that users can buy courses with a catalogue. In the next release, in the following release, what we will be doing is adding our learning entities to this mix. So once we have the foundation, we'll add programs and certifications with exactly the same capability, which means that we need to implement a way of users to self-register to progress certifications, which is also a big feature. And once we have that, we can call it a learning catalogue then it can add value to all of our users who want to use a catalogue. And that will be the foundation is done. And from there, we will learn, we will test things and we will decide with our partners what's the next step in the journey. So let's have a sneak peek into the learning catalogue. So this is the catalogue learning page, landing page, sorry, so this is basically a homepage for the users in the catalogue, this is the first page that we see. And this is where all the advanced functionality in the catalogue will hook in because if there's some plugins to recommend courses to the users based on different criteria, they will add blocks to this page. If there's a rating feature for courses, it will also hook into here. Maybe you'll see the most top rated courses. Courses that your two mates are taking that might be interesting for you. All this feature might hook in in this page. Obviously this page can make publics, this can be public. And then users can either browse their categories, which is a challenging winner because it's unlike other catalogue solutions, we have to be generic. So we need to support very different use cases with just a few categories or hundreds of them. And users can find their learning by browsing the categories with filters. You will notice that this is a different view. We'll have a car view in the landing page. Here we have more like a tile layout. And users can search, find things in the catalogue, and refine the search. It might look simple and vanilla, but that was intentional, because for us, the learning catalogue and everything in workplace is like a white canvas that then our partners and developers in general take to create customized solutions for the customer. So it has to be white, clean, it has to be something that they can customize. But you'll notice the UI and the navigation is very slick and it's, and we think that it's very usable because our testing is what it demonstrates. So this is the learning catalogue. As I say, it might look simple, but there's a lot of work under the scenes because we have to basically create new functionality to replace the existing MuralLMS functionality and connect the dots and bring all the features in here so we can have the full learning journey just by adding the essential features. So the catalogue will, as I said, will be available, the cross catalogue will be available in 4.4. This is what we're working towards. Development is going very well. In fact, there are some things that are already added to the product, but they're not shown in the UI. So you'll be able to test it soon. So this is about the catalogue, but it's not the only thing I wanted to talk about. So we're releasing Mural Workplace 4.3 one month after MuralLMS, because after the MuralLMS major release, we do our QA and upgrade, and then we're ready to release. So in Mural Workplace 4.3, we have two important features that we have many features that are added, but I want to highlight two of them. The first one is this. The name is not perfect, but the other name we have for this is Tarek Manager. It was bit misleading, it was basically that. So it's a manual-assigned manager feature. It basically helps organization do better integrated HR systems with Mural, because centralize the reporting lines management to make HR manager life easier, and it streamlines a whole team creation. Because it just adds another way to define reporting lines in workplace, that is, at the same time, it's simpler for the user, and also is what all the systems use when defining reporting lines. This is basically the ability to define one person being the manager of another person. This is a data management relationship, no departments and positions involved. So a part of this, or thanks to this feature, we took the opportunity to refactor organization extractor. The way that reporting lines, the U.S. will define reporting lines works and better, because as it is today, it's maybe too close to the extractor in the database, and it's not so functional. So in the manual-assigned manager, the new feature what we're doing is that we'll have a people tab where HR managers can see everybody, all the employees in the tenant, with all the just, I'm from there, they can just get to the base, to a base where they can see all the related information for individuals, such as the jobs that have assigned so they can know all the positions they have. Because of those positions, there are some people reporting to these persons or they report to all the persons. So they will see in the same place what are the jobs this person have, who this person reports to, and everybody reporting to this person from the same place, they will be able to add new jobs, add managers manually, or add people managing to this, basically creating ad hoc teams from here, and really loud. It's a more intuitive way of browsing the organization extractor, and this is something that also helps organization with massive number of users or with a very complex organization extractor, and we have quite a lot of them. But at the same time, one of the main benefits of this is that it will simplify integrations with all the systems because this way is simpler to integrate with systems that already use this approach. So the other functionality I wanted to talk about is the public custom pages. So with this feature, we can create public landing pages natively in more workplace and expose this content and functionality to external users. For those of you who don't know what a custom pages are, basically functionality in more workplace that allows creating pages like dashboards are in blocks, like you would add them in the dashboard and then make these pages available to specific audiences in workplace. So this is the, and about our space, this is how it would look like, and you make them accessible to specific users by defining audiences. So these audiences could be, this page is only available to people in the sales department, or as we introduce now, this page is available to guests and non-authenticated users, which means that it's effectively a public page. And you can do this from workplace, natively. So I want to spend a bit of time talking about the roadmap and the new features that we will deliver in the future. And I'll take this opportunity to make an announcement. So to announce something, we're working on the accessibility accreditation, the level AA accessibility accreditation. This is the first time we get it and for more workplace, for some reasons why we couldn't do it before, but we're doing now at the same time as more LMS. Which means that hopefully in the next major release, we can, or before the next major release, we can just say that motor workplace is accessible with the AA level, which is a huge milestone. So yeah, thank you. I know the people that are expecting are looking forward to this, so yeah, it's not that exciting for all of us, but I think it's a great selling point of workplace and something that we really have to do to take all kind of uses and diversity into account. So I think this is key. So from all these features that we have in the roadmap, there are, okay, or not? Oh, okay, you cannot see them, sorry. It's not, the context is not very well. So very good. So in this feature in no column, you'll notice that, so you see that the public custom basis already completed will be delivered in 4.3. Maniles and manage is about to be finished, so it will be also in 4.3. The accessibility of it is in progress and the course catalog, of course, will be available in the next release. And for the other four features, we have already started exploring them. The most relevant and probably the most important is from the ones that we have started working on is starting report builder. So we started exploring this feature and so we can start with the design during the next increment. I don't think we can deliver something for 4.4, but we'll see because we still have to define the scope. So we might be able to split something into the release, but that's also another big feature that is commonly work place. So, okay, that's great because I just got to the end. So thank you so much. And if you have any questions, I think we have five minutes. Hello. One question you mentioned in the course catalog that organization needs other, and sometimes organizations want to buy entire catalogs of other companies like LinkedIn, Skillsoft and so on. Would that be a possibility to integrate one's catalog with another's? That's a very good question, by the way. Look, with the catalog, we don't want to, we will probably not add all the e-commerce features and all the features that these specific solutions have because it wouldn't make sense to do it, build it in more, because there are especially solutions that can do that and they do it very well. So what we're doing is the basic functionality. This is something we need to explore with the PEG. We need to decide together how far we can get on this. But of course it will be a room for all of these solutions to either to use them instead of the catalog, the client, if the user really needs this specific functionality, or also to be integrated with our learning catalog to augment our functionality. So we see an ecosystem where all these products will continue adding value to workplaces, not that we want to replace them at all. We just want to provide a built-in solution so users can have some capability within workplaces. It's great to see the courses and programs and certifications integrated into catalog. Are there any plans to go beyond that? For example, just resources or a video or a page or I'm kind of getting at kind of basic LXP type functionality? As I said, that's a very good question indeed. I see that they could be added to the catalog but it's too early to say anything about that because we need to decide with partners what to do. And probably we will add all the features first that other than this because this is like a going level farther, which complicates everything that we are. But yeah, I see it as an interesting feature, so we'll see. I cannot say anything about that, sorry. Hello. One of our biggest struggles is that whether we like it or not, our clients like to prioritize style over functionality. And my question is in terms of how easy is it going to be to customize those cards on the catalog on the dashboard? Probably was to, I don't know, with Weston, yeah. That's great. I was expecting all these questions. So it was too small in the screenset but I don't know if you noticed that in our user story map, we had one user persona that was developer. So we took that into account and in the development we're doing everything so you guys can customize it, cards, templates, and everything. So that's the intention. We took that very into account. And that's why we made it very vanilla so you could customize it this way.


Live from the Julia Morgan ballroom in San Francisco, extracting the signal from the noise, it's theCUBE, covering Structure 2015. Hey, Jeff Rick here with theCUBE. We are live at the Julia Morgan ballroom in downtown San Francisco at kind of Structure Reborn, Structure 2015, come back to life after the one guy canceled this summer. So we're really happy to be here. We're kind of wrapping up day one here with George Gilbert from Wikibon. So George, impressions of the day? You know, I'm reminded of that scene in the original Indiana Jones movie where they're digging from the surface of the desert all the way down into this hole and they're passing all these levels of strata. And I know strata is a dirty word because it comes from the competition, but basically we're seeing many layers of technology that we saw, that we've talked to, vendors representing those layers. The last one, Intel, was talking about how what used to be hardwired infrastructure in terms of x86 servers, storage, networking is now much more fluid in the sense that just the way we had virtualization for servers, we're now seeing that same capability on networking and on storage. And so everything in the data center becomes programmable. That's the lowest layer of the strata. We talked really at the highest layer with Joseph Chirosh of Microsoft where you don't even know where his stuff is running. It's out in the cloud somewhere, but he's got this really deeply integrated data lake that doesn't bear any real resemblance other than the programming interface to this Hadoop data lake that we all hear about. This one is industrial strength, it runs as a service. You don't need 47 different administrators taking care of 17 different corners of it. And then they've got a whole lot of analytics that layers on top of it seamlessly. So top to bottom, we saw a lot. So one of the core themes is always best of breed versus an integrated solution. And for best of breed, you might get better capabilities on a particular silo of functionality, but now you've got an additional layer of overhead and an additional layer of management. Go with an integrated stack in theory everything works really well. So maybe you don't have the best of breed on a particular thing. How's that really changing now in the cloud world? Because we have kind of two things going on. Cloud's all about elasticity and being able to expand and contract, but you can't do that at scale without a tremendous amount of automation. And the other piece we talked to about APIs and now all this stuff is interconnected. It's not just a single app and you control. So how are those trends being utilized? How are we using more horsepower to enable elasticity, more best of breed, API integration, as well as automating so much of the configuration and the expansion. Okay, so maybe an analogy works here. Picture the cockpit of an airplane. You've got 47,000 knobs you can turn. That's sort of how big data is dealt with today. Whether on-premise or even in the cloud, you've got to know, you've got to have storage guys, you've got to have zoo keeper guides, and I don't mean the ones keeping animals. I'm talking about all these different servers that have to interact and they all have these different behaviors and administration and programming interfaces. So, but they're tunable, so you can get just what you want. But the opposite of that, which you mentioned, is integrate it all for me. And I might not- Just turn on the autopilot, right? Yes, turn on the autopilot. I don't want to bother with these knobs. I just want to get where I'm going. And I think it's not, there's not one right or wrong answer, but the early adopters have the skills and the inclination to tune. So like an Uber, they might not want all you can eat of one blanket interface, but when you get to a mid-sized enterprise, they don't have 67 administrators to handle a Hadoop cluster. Yeah, and it was interesting, Jonathan talked about, because there are no single vendor customers, right? It doesn't exist. But George talked about kind of how we've got so much more compute horsepower now, and how that can really be brought to bear to start to automate, at scale, the tuning of those knobs, where maybe before you just really couldn't do it, but Moore's Law continues to chug along with all the gusto that it's had before, and we just have such massive scale of compute, store, and now software-defined networking that it's really enabling a level of automation that you just couldn't do. You don't need an army of pilots to use your analogy like he used to. Well, I guess one way of thinking about it is, machine learning is sort of the new black, you know, like as in the new it color, and you can use machine learning to get a sense for how your network, and how your data center, and how your software should behave. This is still a bit of a science project, but rather than having people track down, you know, like in a hospital, the monitors that go off when someone's heart stops, you know, you gotta go figure out what happened. Here, these things get a sense for the rhythms, and when things aren't operating quite right, it'll alert someone before the heart stops. Right, right. That's the idea. Well, what's interesting is, because the whole kind of idea of you throw everything into a data lake, and the answers magically appear, right? We know that just doesn't, it just doesn't work that way. But the other thing is we were talking to Google at the Women in Data Science Summit at Stanford a couple weeks back, and even with the resources of Google, if you don't have some type of hypothesis, some type of guidance, some type of direction in which to target your resources, even they can spend an inordinate amount of time doing things that if you had at least set a direction, you would be there. And even with the massive, both compute and dollar resources that Google have, they don't go on these kind of throw it in there and let's see what comes out. There's always kind of a thought, there's an agenda, there's a process in following it down a path, because there's also this value piece of the equation, right, in theory, if infinite compute and infinite money, yeah, sure, but that's not the world in which we live, right, it's got to tie back to a value. You're making like the most important point, which is you have to start with a question, because you have to reason, you have to test, well, is this condition started by this question that you're asking? Otherwise, it's open-ended and you would never, you wouldn't know where to start and you wouldn't know where to end. Right, so biggest surprise today? Biggest surprise, I guess, understanding more and more how much does a disconnect between the public perception of what big data means, which is still very much Hadoop and what the cloud vendors are doing, which is very much proprietary services that integrate deeply with one another so that they're simple to operate and simple to build applications for. That is a huge disconnect. But hasn't there always been historical kind of knock on Hadoop, just in terms of resources, just the amount of people that know how to operate the system? But you've got to remember, yes, except that it started at a company where they had more rocket scientists than NASA. And the guys had admitted it too, right? Yeah, at Google, so more rocket scientists than NASA and then to Yahoo, which sort of implemented it in a shareable way and for the most part, it's been adopted by organizations that do have a surplus of these very sophisticated skills. It has not made it into the mainstream. And what we're hearing from these cloud vendors is they know it, they're not saying it, but they're preparing offerings for people who need something simpler. Which may or may not be powered by Hadoop on the back end, but it always goes back to solutions, right? And solutions and applications, solving real problems. What are you looking forward to tomorrow? We've got day two, we've got day two on top. Oh, besides getting a good night's sleep tonight. Um, let's see, I'm looking forward to more application stories, like now that we have so much more data, so how do you rethink applications, you know, in a world of huge amount of data? And also when the data is coming from sort of the edge of the network and you're capturing it and analyzing it closer to the edge of the network. You know, that would be another big thing to think about. The Intel, sort of the last interview we did with Intel about sort of programmable infrastructure, I don't think we're gonna hear anyone better or who can articulate better what's going on in the data center than them. So I think that sort of the next layers up will be where we get some more insight. X86, the gift that keeps on giving, right? Yes. All right, well George Gilbert from Wikibon, I'm Jeff Frick, you're watching theCUBE. We are live at the Julie Morgan Ballroom, day one of structure. We'll be back next day all day wall to wall, so tune in, catch all the interviews and this is Jeff Frick signing off from the Julie Morgan Ballroom. Thanks for watching.


Rwy'n nhw'n ddaf i'w Lened Morgan, gwneud o giechyd meddwl, sasiant a'r Gymraeg, a mae'n bleser i mi gael cynnal y Gymhadledd Llywodraeth Ceddiw. Dwi'n siarad penawma am y ffordd i ni'n cefnogi plant a'r sector gwreidigol trwy'r pandemig, a mae'r ddau grwp yma wedi dioddau mewn ffordd hynod yn ystod y flwyddyn dweitha, o gan Lened i'r pandemig. Rwy'n Lened Morgan, rwy'n ddau Gweithfyrddol, rwy'n ddau'r ffordd yn bwysigol a'r ffordd i'n hyd yn ddweud o giechyd meddwl, ac mae'n rhan o'r ffrindio ar gyfer y Cymraeg. Rwy'n gael ddaf i'r ddweud o'r cyffredin ni'n dweud o'r cyffredin ni'n ddweud o ddweud o'r cyffredin ni'n ddweud o ddweud o'r pandemig. Mae'r rhai wneud o amnig o'r gwybod hon, i ddweud i'r ddweud ar y cyfnodau sydd ar gyfer y gyrdd yma, gennym hwnnw, o'r ddweud o'r ddweud yma. Ond o'r ddweud, rwy'n gynnig i'r ddweud i'r ddweud yma, oherwydd yma, oherwydd geisio'r ffacinatio'r ffordd yma. Mae'r bwysig yn ymgyrchol yw'r 807,000 o'r bwysig yn ystod o'r ddod, sy'n ymgyrchol o'r bwysig yn ymgyrchol o'r bwysig yn ymgyrchol o'r adrodd. A dyna'n rhaid i'n mynd i'r ffrogros ymgyrchol o'r ddod, mae'n 80% o ddod o'r bwysig yn ymgyrchol o'r bwysig yn ymgyrchol o'r ddod. Now turning to children, the latest coronavirus and me survey gives a really good insight into how children have been coping with the latest lockdown. I want to thank the children's commissioner, children in Wales and the youth parliament for their work on this really detailed set of findings, which will help us to continue to shape our response to the pandemic in a sensitive way. More than 20,000 children and young people took part in this second survey. The results show that life has been difficult for children of all ages.  They spoke about missing friends and family members and about missing out on experiences. Teenagers talked about their worries about exams and their futures. Almost one in three 17 and 18 year olds said they were worried most of the time. Loneliness rates are high and not being able to see friends is recorded as having the biggest impact on children's lives followed by not being able to see other family members and the impact of school and college closures. Getting children and young people back to school is absolutely our priority. On Friday the First Minister will be setting out the results of the three week review of the restrictions. The youngest children across Wales will be returning to school next week as part of our phased and flexible approach and we continue to monitor and plan for a wider return. As the public health situation continues to improve and the evidence shows it's safe to do so, more children will be able to go back to school. Remote learning has been difficult for everyone and hats off to all those parents who've done an incredible job in terms of homeschooling over the last months. We know that most children and young people will thrive once they're back in the routine of school, daily lessons and seeing their friends. We will continue to work closely with local education authorities, with teaching and non-teaching staff unions to get children back to school in a safe and phased way. To support schools and children who are learning remotely, we'll be investing a further £15 million in education technology over the next financial year. This will continue the Hub Ed Tech programme in which we've already invested £92 million over the last two years. It'll help to transform digital infrastructure in all state schools in Wales and ensure learners have access to MiFi connectivity to the end of the school year. I want to turn now to the creative sector and the arts. Wales is known throughout the world for our arts and our culture. Promoting our talents in this sector is one of the key parts of our international strategy. But the last year has been one of the toughest on record for our creative sector. Because of the virus, there have been few outlets for our nation's immense talent and creativity. There have been barely any live performances for almost a year and most creative output has moved online. We all hope that better days are ahead of us and that we'll soon see live music, performance, theatre and arts return to our lives. Over the course of the year, we've provided a range of financial support for the creative sector to help it through the pandemic. We've made £63 million available through the Cultural Recovery Fund, which includes almost £20 million for the Freelancer Fund, which is unique to Wales. I wanted to share a couple of examples with you today about how this funding is supporting individuals and organisations as diverse as Nant Gwrtheyntrust, which is receiving funding from the Cultural Recovery Fund, and a beatboxer from Blaine I Gwent. Hugh Jones, who is the chair of Nant Gwrtheyntrust, has said that this funding will help sustain its workforce and improve what it can offer to help people learn Welsh when it's able to reopen again. I ni yn edrych ymlaen at Welth Nant Gwrtheynt ar agor i'n waith eto. Our Freelancer Fund is providing grants to 3,500 Freelancers working throughout Wales. Beatboxer, Dean Ynel, is one of them. He holds songwriting sessions for young people. He calls them counselling sessions in disguise. It's also helped filmmaker and writer Lewis Carter. It's allowed him to complete production on his latest documentary, Best Foot Forward, about the famous North Scalan Road Races in Mountain Ash, which was released on New Year's Eve. Dwi'n fach dos ben heddiw modyn gallu cyhoedd i byddwn i'n rhoi 1.3 miliwn yn y chwanegol i'r Erdd, i helpu'r mediad unigryw yma i ail adeiladu. I'm really pleased to announce today that we'll be providing an extra £1.3 million to support the Erdd in its recovery and to help it rebuild. The Erdd is one of Wales's largest third sector employers, providing a whole range of Welsh medium experiences and activities for young people. Helping deliver the aims of our Camryg 2050 strategy of a million Welsh speakers and supporting community youth and apprenticeship programmes. This funding will help safeguard key jobs at the Erdd, helping it to start, rebuild and create new job opportunities. More than 60 additional staff will be employed and the Erdd has plans to create up to 300 new Welsh medium apprenticeships over the next three years. I want to end with some good news. Dwi'n siargrwp yn gyda mwy o'r newyddion dda. Hot on the heels of the success of this year's Dedd Music Camry, four of Wales's best-loved festivals, Festival of Voice, Focus Wales, Other Voices Cardigan and Aberystwyth Comedy Festival will be coming together to create Goyal 2021, a free online festival. The Music and Comedy has been filmed and recorded over recent months in Wales and around the world and it's going to be broadcast online over the weekend of March 6th and 7th. So don't forget to tune into what will be a real treat and a bit of release from our daily routines. Diolch yn fawr i'ch gyd. I'm now happy to take questions from journalists and all of the answers will be broadcast on our social media channels as usual. So I'm going to start with Nick Powell, ITV Wales. Thank you Minister. The Prime Minister in Cwmbran this morning said there are continuous conversations between the UK and Welsh governments about how to exit lockdown. How are those conversations going? Thank you. The relationship with the UK government and the Welsh government during the pandemic has ebbed in flows. At times they are happy to engage with us quite intensively and at other times they don't speak to us for months. So obviously in an ideal world we would like to be coming out of the lockdown together but at the end of the day we will do what is right for us in Wales and that will depend of course on the rates of infection and how quickly we can roll out the vaccine and of course we are doing incredibly well in Wales on that score and so we will be making those decisions of course on Friday in terms of what will happen in the next phase during our 21 day review but I think for the longer term we will have to look at our own rates in Wales and we will make that determination on what's best for Wales. Thank you but nevertheless do you accept it's at least desirable that the whole of the UK leaves lockdown in sync? I mean I presume you wouldn't want English people allowed to travel at Easter and Welsh attractions not able to accommodate them. Absolutely in an ideal world as I say it would be great if we could have gone into this together and come out together but we were determined in the Welsh government to make sure we were following the evidence, following the science and following the data that has not always been the case elsewhere in the UK but of course in particular when it comes to tourism then ideally we need to be seeing how we can work together obviously it's much more profitable for the tourism sector if the English market is able to open and if visitors from England are able to come as well but we won't be doing this in a hurry we will be taking our time we will not be working to a fixed date timetable we will be working according to the data and what's right for us in terms of making sure we don't see an uptake again in that virus. Camlyn Davies, BBC Wales. Diolch yn ei ddawg and I'd be grateful if you could respond to these questions in Welsh and English please. We know that another new variant of coronavirus has been discovered including two cases identified in Wales I wonder what more you can tell us about those cases and how concerned we should be. Diolch yn fawr, Maen a wrth gwrs achos y newydd o'r variant yn mynd i ddod yn gyson ac wrth gwrs i ni'n cadw llygad ar y sefydlfa o ran y variants newydd i ni'n gwybod bod y variant de-Africa hefyd yn bresennol ond dim ond ychydig iawn o achosion sydd gyda ni yma'n hymry. Wrth gwrs, Maen bwysig e'n bwyd ni gyd yn diall yn arbennig yn ystod amser yma e'n bwyd yn fynol ar o ni aros gartra a dyna'r ffordd ore i ni stopio y variants newydd yma trag ledu. Of course we are a way of new variants this is not going to be something that is going to change very soon the fact is that the virus will change shape it will create new variants and this is something that we are going to simply have to get used to what we will be doing in the Welsh Government is keeping a very strict eye on what is going on on the way that that is likely to spread and how serious it is of course we are aware that the South African variant is also present in Wales we have several cases most of which we can trace directly to South Africa but we are concerned about three cases where we cannot really follow where that has come from so we are doing a lot of research into that at the moment but of course at the moment we are fairly confident that the vaccines will be able to help contain at least the illness that people will suffer if they are exposed to these new variants Diolch, you mentioned that some children will be returning to school next week three to seven year olds and you said you would be monitoring and planning for the phased return of other age groups the Welsh Local Government Association are asking for a clear time scale now for when other children will be able to go back to school so that staff and councils can prepare for that do you accept that that would be helpful and is it something that you will look to provide to schools across Wales?  Of course, we are very anxious to get our children back to school every day that they are not back in school is a day of waste in terms of really trying to develop these children and of course parents doing a tremendous job at home in homeschooling but ideally we need to understand the importance of socialisation and in particular supporting those children from perhaps more deprived backgrounds. We will be giving far more detail on what we are hoping to do next on Friday when we come up with that 21 day review and I do hope that the First Minister will be able to give a bit more clarity of course to teachers, to the WLGA and to parents in terms of what we are hoping to do in terms of a route map to reopening schools in a more balanced way to make sure of course that we keep them safe but that we really try and encourage those children back to school. Can I ask Mark Smith, Wales Online, please? Thank you very much indeed, Minister. Firstly, with coronavirus infection rates and testing positivity rates continuing to fall to levels way below the winter peak do you think there is a growing pressure on the Welsh Government to ease more coronavirus restrictions for the sake of people's mental health and do you believe an appropriate balance is currently being struck between people's risk of contracting coronavirus and trying to improve the public's overall well-being? We are obviously really concerned about the public's well-being and we have seen reports and you can see simply from that report that was done by the Children's Commissioner of the serious concerns that people have in terms of their mental health and well-being not just children but also the adult population we know that Ipsos for example suggested that 36% of the population are lonely most of the time so of course we are anxious to reopen as soon as this is safe to do that and of course we are really pleased that we are seeing the rates of the virus come down I think we are on about 88 per 100,000 now so that is a really positive step and of course alongside that we are rolling out the vaccine in a really comprehensive way at some point of course we will therefore make a judgement as to what we are able to open and what the risks are associated with that but at this point in time because of the new Kent variant which is now the predominant variant within Wales it is absolutely key that we stick to this lockdown as it is at the moment and that we understand that when we release it will be in very small steps we will assess how the spread will increase as a result of that before moving on to the next stage but we are intensely aware of the pressure on people now so that is why in the last review we allowed people to exercise with one other person and you will have to wait until Friday to see if there will be any further support in that area Thank you very much indeed and secondly obviously we know that mental health services are sometimes referred to as Cinderella services as they are operating on more limited funding with the huge anticipated increase in demand for such services Can you confirm that people already having to wait for mental health services will not be made to wait longer because of this increased need and will the Welsh Government increase the ring-fenced mental health budget to reflect this ongoing need? We have said right from the beginning that mental health services must remain essential services so they haven't been shut down at all during the pandemic We are also very proud of the fact that we do have a very clear ring-fence and that in the next financial year we will be increasing the amount that we spend by 40 million pounds so that takes us to about 780 million pounds that we spend per year on supporting people with mental health issues so that support is there and what I would urge people to do is to reach out for that support because it is available and people need to understand in particular some sections of society that perhaps are less likely to reach out for support I'm thinking in particular black and ethnic minority communities but also middle-aged men who are not great at reaching out for support and I would ask people to take up those opportunities we have a call line that is open 24-7 and I would encourage people to use that Can I move on now to Dan Wilson, LBC? Diolch yn ni dog As Nick mentioned at the start the Prime Minister is in South Wales this afternoon he's been visiting a vaccination centre in Cwmbran A few weeks ago when he travelled north of the border to Scotland Nicola Sturgeon made it quite clear that she felt his trip may not have been necessary Does the Welsh Government feel that the Prime Minister's trip to Wales is necessary today given that we are still under strict lockdown measures? Well we have a stay at home message and you should not be travelling unless it's essential I'm not sure if Boris's visit comes under the essential category but of course he is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and has to make his own judgement on that As far as I'm concerned the important thing for us is to focus on really making sure that we do the best for Wales and of course we will continue to have discussions with Boris Johnson but in an ideal world I think as many people as possible should stay at home and yes in an ideal world perhaps that should have happened in this instance Thank you and we spent a night with South Wales police over the weekends tasked with breaking up illegal gatherings and house parties more than 100 were issued across the force area The fine here for those attending house parties is currently £60 which is reduced of course to 30 if they're paid within the first two weeks compare that to England with £800 is this still not an argument that perhaps the fines and the penalty here are not enough given the fact that many who we spoke to that were breaking the rules knew full well what they were doing? Well the situation in Wales in relation to fines is that they increase every time you break them and so that is something and they can actually go up to a very high level but of course what is good is that the police are now breaking up those parties and I would encourage them to continue to do that but in an ideal world people should not be gathering you know hopefully we haven't got a long time left now to really live through the rest of these dark days that we're living through because we're hoping to see a release in the near future but now is not the time to relax now is the time to make sure that we can really damp and down on this variant and the pandemic and let's make sure that people really try and adhere to those rules and of course we keep all of those issues under review Can I move now to Alice Roberts? Yes, thank you very much Minister continuing it in the same vein really so what extent are you concerned that a point comes where fatigue starts to set in that people feel that they can't meet family and friends they very much want to do that and in the end some people may think well we can't do this any more so if you can answer in both languages as well Gofyn ydw i gweinidog i baraf a dach chi'n pwyny felly pob o'r pobl yn dechrau laru a ddiflasu a rheol ar cyfnod colo a mae'n a bwynt sydd oedd fasaf lle bydd pobl yn penderfynu allwn i ddim gwneud hyn ddim mwy Wel dwi'n deallun iawn pob o'r pob o'r wery cael digon os y felfan i gyd yn marw i sy'n mynd allan ag i gwrdd o pobl eraill ond byth sy'n bwysig nawr i'n bod ni yn cadw at yr rheolau achos byddwn ni ddim eisiau i riddhau a wedi'n gorfod mynd nôl mewn i sefydl allu i'n caergymdeithas lawer eto felly dwi'n deall pan mae pobl wedi cael digon byddai ni yn gofynu nhw yn ymbyl ar bobl i sicrhau nawr ei bod nhw yn ystod o'r mysodd nesaf yn ystod o'r snos o'n nesaf mae tannu'n bod ni cael y faxin allan i fwy o'r bobl ogeith ac wrth gwrs gwrs ni'n gweithio bydd i'n digwydd bod pob o'r pobl yn y grwpio mwyaf yna cyn diwedd mi'n sefydl yn cael pigiad felly dyna bydd ni'n gweithio bydd i'n digwydd a bydd hwnna gweithio'n rhoi cyflenu wrth hai yn ystradd y genna Of course we all understand that people have had enough I mean we've all had enough and we are all desperate to get out of this situation to be able to go out and meet people and to be able to undertake new activities but there is just a few weeks left now before we can really put a lid on the situation in Wales What we can't risk is undoing all of that great work and throwing ourselves back into a situation where the rates will increase I think the people of Wales have been incredible they've been terrific they have kept to the rules they are continuing to keep to the rules in the vast majority of cases and I would plead with you please just for the next few weeks to stay with us to respect those rules and let's see if we can get out of this dreadful situation How much easy do you think it will be minister if you were actually able to give a precise date if you said at the end of April that's when lockdown restrictions will be lifted How much of a difference would that make Faint yn haws wrth a hit sy'n cael ei roi dyddiad 5 dan drwan a bydd pobl yn gwybod y bydd y cyfan yn dod i ben Brydynu Wel nid i'r dysgu yn ystod y pam demig yma bod unrhyw risc i roi dyddiad ar beth achos mae'r virus yma mae'n virus newydd i ni dal yn dysgu ac wrth gwrs mae'r ffaith bod hi yn newid siap bod gyda ni fyrus gwahanol yn golygu nad y gallu bod mor bendant ynglyn ar risc a dyna pam beth i ni'n mynd i wneud yw cadwll y gadael y data a sicrhau bod ni dim ond wedyn yn hwythau pan mae saf i wneud hynny There's a real danger of giving a precise date We've learnt during the course of this pandemic of the dangers of setting a date and I think it's been done far more in England than it has been done in Wales where you set a date only to have to roll back on that date We're not going to put ourselves in that situation We are going to follow the data and the last thing we want to do is to raise people's expectations just to dash them We're not going to be doing that we're going to be sticking to the plan as we have it at the moment we'll watch the rates come down we'll watch the increase in the vaccination and hopefully then we will be in a situation where when we release we won't have to go back into lockdown and into the ideal situation that we're working towards and we won't be able to do it unless the people of Wales come with us Diolch yn fawr i chi gyd


We're excited to talk to you about big data because we're undergoing a revolution in the way we can use data To imagine the world that we live in and to have conversations about the changes that we see coming in the world and I want to go back to 2009 when Barack Obama was inaugurated because this fairly famous picture of the inauguration is an Excellent idea of very early big data that single image wasn't just an image It was an interactive medium something with more than a billion pixels that could be explored and in zooming in to President Obama You're able to show the places you care about greater detail and attention and by exploring it the person Driving the interaction was able to become more in touch with the image more intimate with the data Here we see Michelle Obama with president Abraham Lincoln's Bible the original Bible of Lincoln Which is quite exciting for us to be able to find in the picture our relationship data data is changing because the interactivity we have now is due to new advances we have in Storing information in being able to use graphics processors on computers to make this possible and On being very smart about using internet bandwidth cleverly The ability to do this to a static image has recently been supplanted by the ability to do this to any moving image so for instance now I can take the question of biology of plants and Present to a biology student Plant behavior in a way that was not possible even a few years ago For instance, I can take a billion pixel picture of brassica rapsus every 15 minutes for a month When I do this then the student can zoom into the plant at 15 minute intervals seeing the plant growing It's a time-lapse, but it's a time-lapse with an unbounded amount of resolution detail behind the time-lapse so that the Learner can watch the plant falling over and trying to get up and they can see gravity at work and Circumneutation at work as gravity and light fight to epic battle for the plant's future Fundamentally the fact that we can take now any exploration through space and time of data Reveals to us the possibility of thinking about data very differently than we did 10 years ago Where we had to put it in a table and look for trends over time. So we can do this in the very large case as well One very nice example our own Sun we think of it as a yellow ball in the sky But the solar data observatory that is circling the Sun Allows us to look at the Sun again with nearly a billion pixels per frame of resolution and see it rotating But we can do more than see it rotating we can Interactively zoom into the Sun and watch the actual processes on the surface of the Sun so for example, we can look at small coronal ejections on the surface of the Sun and again by Doing this we take the child who's learning astronomy and we give them a new appreciation and understanding of the Sun itself One of my favorite things to do with this image is to show the origin of a solar flare If you go in this particular day of Sun data to the right spot You can see the beginning of the coronal ejection inside this deep rift in the Sun So take a careful look here, and you'll see the plasma starting to eject and as it ejects there you'll see it follow down the rifts and eventually end up as a solar flare and As your children would enjoy knowing that solar flare is much much larger than the planet earth So it's a good thing. We're so far away from that particular body Now the idea that we can show data and interact with it through space and time applies to any Quantitative data source even ones that we were not made with a camera like this, but we're made in simulation one of the interesting questions that cosmologists have always faced is What are the gravitational lines of the universe look like and how did we go from a homogeneous big bang? to a very heterogeneous set of gravitational lines and for the first time in the last few years we're able to take billion pixel super computing simulations of gravity and Show the formation of galaxies star clusters and super clusters The reason this is interesting is because the same cosmologists who could only look at this quantitative data analytically using tools like MATLAB and Excel can now Visually understand the data. This is important because when you're talking about trillions of pixels of data and by the way the Green circles are black holes forming the white dots are solar systems and galaxies when you think about the best most efficient Technique we have for taking billions of pixels of data and providing them to the human body The most efficient technique we have is our eye. It's the best possible input So the fact that we can take any data sets and create from its Quantitative information that can be visually Intimates to us is a new revolution that we have in our understanding of the earth itself and when I take all the data sets that we have on earth and Consider the ways in which we can apply the same techniques to understanding earth process Well, that's where our conversation with you begins today. This is a beautiful picture of lights on The earth at night, but it's a static picture and what we do now doesn't need to be static any longer So this satellite is showing you all fires across the planet earth over time So you can zoom in for instance in Saudi Arabia Interactively and this is freely available on the internet now and you can see oil extraction flames You can see Bakken and Marcellus crude oil extraction frames in America where drilling and mining operations are causing flaring You can take any amount of Landsat information over the last 30 years and composite it to create interactive demonstrations of mining of Valley mining in Australia These images over 30 years allow us to see human processes at an earth scale and allow Anybody to interactively see that mountaintop renew removal in West Virginia here You see farmland becoming a massive shale gas field so you can see urban development Here you see Lake or Mia in Iran Disappearing because of damming here to create agricultural land during a drought over the course of 30 years These are the kinds of changes that big data Visually can enable for us and to show you one very important part of this which is deforestation I'm very happy to present Matt Hansen Thank you a lot So my theme that I'll be talking about is one application of using earth observation or satellite imagery to track a particular dynamic and that is forced cover change and This is a similar Sequence of images that Ilha just showed from the Landsat sensor It's been up in orbit since different versions of it since not early 1970s And here we are in Brazil in 30 years of record You see fine grain deforestation pattern occurring in the appropriation of rainforest Converted to pasture land and row crops Initially a lot of these clearings are very fine scale colonizers from the south of the country coming up to establish a very modest Kind of subsistence lifestyle and when we look at this pattern in Rondonio This is the famous fishbone pattern of a forest cover change by Individual landholders later on we start to see big clearings in Matagrosso Which are related to agro industry big soybean fields big industrial cattle ranches and as we zoom out to the continental scale We see this what we call the arc of deforestation along the front of the Amazon rainforest going from the coast up in para all the way Around Matagrosso to Rondonio and Acre state and this is this is just an incredible record of human change on top of a landscape and The biggest thing that I want to convey is how do we move from this type of data to a thematic output? And so I'll scoot over to this picture when we show the time-lapse Sequences those are raw pictures their images and we need to turn those into quantitative estimates For example when you look at the changes across Acre state in Brazil how much force was lost how much force grew back and We have to have very clean inputs of imagery to turn that into a biophysical estimate of forest cover And this is an example of a cloud-free global image using big data processes where we start with a million images Filter through all of the images throw away the clouds throw away the smoke and try to Examine only the land surface and it by tracking the really good pixels of the land surface We can turn this into a measurement of forest extent and change I want to say very importantly that big data and its use for societal good is based on really Progressive data policies the Landsat sensor has 40 years of data in the archive and it's available to anyone on the planet So I can make my maps European Space Agency you can make their maps with Landsat data It's very important that providers have this type of mentality where they're Tasking that these these instruments Storing the data and then letting the data free if we do that we can kind of engage everyone from civil society to Private industry to government to come and look at the data and come up with a consensus Understanding of what's happening to the planet. I can't stress that enough because we move basically from research Playing around with these data demonstrating different capabilities to operational records and I would like to you to picture having 50 a hundred year records of every patch of ground on the earth how well how often was it planted as soybean how productive was it How long has it been a city? When was that turned into a pervious surface? How much does it flood and we can have we have this capability right now, but it does depend on technology does depend on progressive kind of Visions of data anyway, so we start with a million images. We can take this Clean image and time series of it and turn it into a biophysical product So here we have in green tree cover that didn't change over a 14-year period in red tree cover That was lost so if it's red it's deforestation largely Blue is gain which means trees were planted or they naturally re-grew and if you see pink It's both pink is both loss and gain so these are forestry land uses typically where trees are treated as a crop So over time we see the trees coming and going we might see the trees disappear and never come back Furthermore in the time domain we can disaggregate this to a trend So we look at the colors now. We're looking at only forced loss in this color bar of yellow to red with blue highlighted as this past year And we can see big fires in particular years in the far north of boreal forest We can see different reds and oranges meaning more recent clearing of Chaco in Argentina and one of the big Findings of this particular data set and it wasn't a finding was a confirmation of what we know was that the big deforestation country Brazil actually Through a policy initiative that included civil society and industry and government slowed the rate of deforestation starting 2006 to the present just went down by 70 to 80 percent and in this color bar You can see the yellow colors dominate the yellow colors are in the first five to six years of the period And that's what we see in the arcade deforestation. This is the only really Policy intervention in terms of slowing deforestation that we have to date They get a lot of credit for this and in fact the proof of their policy success is the satellite record. Nobody can refute that The other side of the coin is that all the other countries in the tropics combined drown out Brazil's signal So increases in Chaco loss in Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Tanzania and Gola mi umbo forest Insular Southeast Asia Southeast Asia all of the Southeast Asian countries deforestation forest cover loss Increasing over the same time period to the point that it drowns out the Brazil signal It's a statistically significant increase in forest loss in the tropics But again, this this record lets us track that and if we're going to make a policy intervention or whatever We can measure the excess or otherwise of that policy intervention We'll zoom into Indonesia to take it down to another scale And one of the things that we like about the satellite is as it orbits the earth it is calibrated consistently So we have a globally consistent picture that we can make comparisons apples to apples of what's happening Well, we can drill down and look at individual countries even parks and say this is what's happening at a local scale That's another really powerful part of this big data story We look at Indonesia the beautiful cloud-free composite. This is raw imagery. We turn the raw imagery into the tree cover extent loss and gain picture and you can see the forest land use transition in Indonesia going from west to east you start in Sumatra Kalimantan portion of Borneo Sulawesi all the way over to Papua Sumatra is the most mature stage of forest appropriation and conversion to higher-order land uses largely palm estates, but also forestry Akaja plantations They have five-year cycles on some of these Akaja plantations. So you look at Sumatra It's almost done. There are a few protected areas left Borneo's in the next stage by the time you get out to Papua It's only logging roads logging roads laced the landscape and agro industries just starting so this is like a nice little demonstration of Humans taking a natural environment and converting it to a more higher-order economic purpose This is the annual forest loss and when you again track annually in 2012 from 2012 after the fall of Sahartu there was a there was a decline in forest Clearing that increased all the way through 2012 to the point that Indonesia cleared more primary Forest than Brazil in that year and they have a quarter of the forest of Brazil So they're going in opposite trends Brazil is going down Indonesia is going up now. We're going to look at What two countries are on the island of Borneo? Malaysia and Indonesia here's the image Here is the green tree cover red loss blue gain pink both at the end as we look right here We see a very clear line. This is a transnational boundary effect So you see economics and policy and governance very clearly in the satellite image across administrative boundaries whether they're Parks within a country or between two countries This is the border between Malaysia and Indonesia on the Malaysian side Intensive conversion of low land forest to palm of palm of states and like and that as you go up into the more Interior high topography of the interior Borneo Intensive logging then you cross into the territory of Indonesia and it's mostly protected areas and this is very useful information to understand The use and then here's the annual change and so basically the point is if we if we have progressive policies If we have good observational data sets and I like to describe these as public goods You know the GPS that we all use what if you had to pay every time you use one of those signals? It would be very low participation, right? It's just there and the GPS spun out this huge suite of industries and earth Observation like weather satellites should be in the same domain that we have regular Publicly available time series and the value added comes on their use and the characterization of land dynamics And the downstream applications of understanding what it means for carbon emissions what it means for Development and human health and I'll with that. I'll just pass it back to illa to show an example of urbanization Thank you These same tools as you can see from the way that professor Hansen speaks are Powerful when the visualization is coupled with narrative with storytelling by somebody who is a content expert That's the critical bit here How do we create big data products that are highly interactive but mated to strong content knowledge? so that everybody can make sense of the information and become a Active participant in civic discourse now the satellite imagery that lets us see deforestation Let's us see many different effects and here is just a Prelude to some of the different kinds of effects that you can see when you do earth time lapse one example here Shanghai over 30 years Let's you see land use and the changes in land use from farmland to urban land areas and again, this allows you to understand both scale and Categorization over time lights at night let you see places that have developed massively greater electricity infrastructure in the last 20 years Red and you can see that the whole area we're in has seen a very significant increase in electricity usage and urban infrastructure and Now I want to present to you two other very different techniques for big data visualization When we create time lapses from an earth view you're able to appreciate changes on the earth over time But we can also use the same graphics tools the same computer vision tools to take Many many dimensions of data in human behavior and make them visualized over time one interesting example is human commute patterns the way we move from home to work and An example here that I present to you is an example just for the state of Pennsylvania These are every commute of every car in the state of Pennsylvania But what the visualization allows you to do is it allows you to visualize everywhere people work and everywhere people live in the state But then by animating between those two points and giving you the ability to zoom in and out of the image You can start to see patterns in agglomeration patterns in behavior of how people live and work and by color I see income level Red here represents low-income jobs green represents high-income jobs So you can start to see the way people commute in terms of the suburban lifestyle that they have The amount of carbon that they release and going to work and the number of locations They they work at and the low income consumers in fact work in a highly disparate set of places Those are the malls whereas the high-income workers work in the financial district in the city center So these are animation tools that can literally take trillions of pixels of data and push them to your screen at the same time So that you can start to see patterns and trends that were very difficult to understand non-visually before Demographic data writ large demographic data about all of us is a very big challenge There is 50 dimensions in the US census everything from gender to how much money we each make To the education level we have and what type of work we have But now we can take the exact same tool that lets us see Landsat images on the earth and we can visualize arbitrary demographic data. This shows all census data for the United States Red represents high-income jobs in housing blocks green represents low-income jobs So right away you can see disparities in wealth across the United States But if you zoom in and play with time because remember we can go back and forth in time For the city of Seattle Look where is green and where is red and look as we slide time at how the green is overcome by red That's gentrification. That's why people working in low and middle-income jobs in Seattle Have to drive for an hour to get to work because they can't afford to live near their workplace any longer Now if I do the same thing for Detroit, Michigan That area has had a ten-year recession and when you play over time the same Transitional video there is no change in gentrification at the block level Because Detroit has had a recession for ten years. So there has been no conversion of wealth These are the stories that you can create Demographically, but the real power comes when you add more dimensions. We can take the wealth picture Green low-income jobs red high-income jobs and I can add race in the third dimension So let's add Hispanic race Proportion of people who are Hispanic country origin now when I take the map and manipulate it in three dimensions The spikes I see the peaks are where Hispanics live in the United States and what color are they a green? That's bad news. There's a very strong correlation between density of Hispanics in this example and lack of wealth I Can do the same thing for Asians by going in the US census data to all Asian demographics And what you see is completely different the spikes that you see developing or on San Francisco Seattle and along the eastern coast and they're red which shows you a high correlation to wealth and For a depressing picture choose African-American and then what you see is Massive densities of African-Americans dispersed throughout the east and the southeast But with no wealth except in Washington DC what? Big data manipulation buys us is the ability to change the relationship We have to the data because we can ask the questions. We could not have asked before and visualize them I'm going to take all that data that was on the map now and Simply put it on an x y axis instead the same tool. I'm simply not using the map anymore now. I'm showing you Male female ratio along this line and number of jobs along this line and I've scattered all Possible jobs onto that line for every housing block in the US and if I zoom into that what you'll see right away in green is It's centered at 5050 that is the places that have the most jobs half of them are men half are women doing the jobs But this red is still African-American. I didn't change the color code So what this shows you is it's well left of the middle Why why are there tens of millions of more blocks with women working than men in America who are African-American? Because of the incarceration rate We have so many African-American men in jail or out of jail that have difficulty getting a job in the US They we have a massive bias toward female employment in the African-American community But not in the non African-American community those are the trends that we can see now as Scientists as social scientists and as demographers these trends are powerful But the real power of big data with my last presentation part comes when you add narrative and social sharing Here we have a community in Pittsburgh who has a coke plant This is a coke oven that makes a coal into coke for steel mill operations So they have one in their backyard and they have major health problems with asthma and lung disease So they have their own gigapixel panorama taking pictures every 10 seconds all the time 24 by 7 on their own web page Mated to that they have real-time wind speed They have real-time reports from the federal government of air quality in their neighborhood as well as three of their own houses So you can see real-time PM 2.5 and they report their own smells and asthma attacks So they've taken big data and created an interactive site that allows governments Municipalities and the public all to take the same data as Matt was saying and use the same data as ground truth to understand the health consequences of local industrial action This empowers the local citizenry because now they have the ability to be at the same table With municipal leaders and with industrial leaders together trying to solve a problem by starting with the common ground of the same language And that language is interactive big data


My name is Jimmy, his name is Jake and this is the Weekly Dumb. Hey Jim, how you doing Zach? All the people in the corn rub, how we doing today? How's your weekend? Two kids, wow! Weekend was good, we did another farm festival, our second in the last like month. One was summer sunflowers, this was pumpkin. Got some big pumpkins, didn't expect to walk away with like two 40 pounders. How about the sports? Jim, in sports this weekend it's clinching season and you're Orioles Jim. Three playoff appearances in the last 25 years.  It's a fire hose. We use it in the game and it's just fun and silly. They used it the old fashioned way in the locker room and the GM gets involved and it's a good video. The GM does get involved, which is fun. Also Hyde, the manager got involved and when he was done it filled up again. Which obviously, I mean if he didn't say that people would have lost money. Brandon Hyde is more man than this entire current room. I met him. Including Loveless Lyle.  Good for the Orioles man. I mean, oh dude, he's got nothing now. He's got no limbs, he still has one limb. The fact he's still holding the heart is crazy. He's still holding the heart. That's crazy. That's really sad. That's sad. I'm sad for Loveless Lyle. That's Vegas. This breakdown is an interesting one and it involves Jake. Look at this catch. What is this?  It's like playing baseball in a pinball. Every ball's in play all the time. In extra innings, we do a different version of it. That is, he's swinging it. Off the ceiling, one handed. I had a great view of it Jake.  Are you hurt?  Yes, I've been horribly sore all weekend. Like last night going to bed, Sunday. So that's three days removed, four days removed.  Woke up this morning, felt pretty good. Went to the gym. I'm all right. Clap if you care. Gym. Oh, this is a great story. I'm going to wake up. This is potentially an all year story and it's brought to you by... DraftKings. DraftKings. They like sports. You might be getting people in trouble. Montreal's Mitako Miljevic, three, two, one, zero. Zero. The way you said it. Zero. I don't know if I'm helping. We have a professional soccer player who was bummed out with his playing time. So he joined a local league, dominated, got into a fist fight. Kicked out of the league. 22 years old. He said his body plays in like an amateur league. It was like, hey, you want to come play. Why? He did pad his stats. He played in three games. If he played one game and this is what happened, accurate. He played three games. But he was like, well, I'm better than that. I'm better than that. Because in one of the games against Bayer, never losing. That's a joke on Bayern. Bayern, we win a lot. He scored five goals. Bayer Leverkusen. In the last game, he got in a fight, punched a person in the face, and they said, you're kicked out of our league. Mitako Miljevic. That was his fake name, right? Well, that's his real name, but he changed it one letter to Milojevic. He's smart. It's 22. He knew he had to change his name. Yeah. And he chose to change it one letter. That way nobody would find out. That's crazier than anything else that we've said. I got to change my name. Yeah. And instead of changing his name, he just changed the letter. Like if your name was joke story alley. Don't add any effects to that. Raw. Put a little raw. The Not Sports, this was making the rounds last week, but they finally caught the guy. But it was making the rounds because this guy is basically James Bond, a bad guy. But he robbed the place. His name is Eric Edson. Three, two, one, six. Oh, I like that one. Alliteration. If he's Nordic. I play that game. Eric Edson is kind of like. He robbed a place in Burlington. All right. And then the cops found him sleeping in a car. They went up to the car, knocked on the window. Hey, mister, did you rob that store down the road? He rammed into them with his vehicle and was on the loose. And then they're like, well, he's gone now. Stole a bicycle, rode the bicycle around and eventually ditched the bicycle once he got to the lake. Stole a sailboat. That's where in the movie you'd be like, hi, Eric Edson. The guy robbed the place. He doesn't know how to sail. He does know how to sail. The Coast Guard chased him down. They chased him to shore. So we like the sailboat ran it to the ground. And the Coast Guard, I guess, gave up at that point. Like, all right, he's not our jurisdiction anymore. He's on land. Water only. Water only. And goes 20 miles away on the kayak. So this dude did it all. And when he got out of the kayak, he swam ashore and got arrested. And then it was over. So kind of a, I mean, at some point he wins.  Kind of on you. That's kind of on you guys. We chased him to shore. Burlington police chief, John Murad, three, two, one, one and a half. Yeah, it's about me.  It's like, you're kind of covering your own tracks. He knows he's lost the crowd. Oh, end of the show. Except. It's the employee of the week. Christina. Christina. Jake's always says both names. I like the alliteration that comes with it. Joke story alley. I am one employee of the week behind you, right? Why two kids?  So catch up. That's not merit-based. Just kid-based. Seeding chart, new alignment, desks are all sorted and all that. So Zach's destined to move. Oh. And I am infiltrator. I'm infiltrating sections every day. I'm the great Romer. Nice. Nice. Buffaloes are huge, you know. That was the Weekly Dumb. This episode of the Weekly Dumb was brought to you by DraftKings. Download the DraftKings sportsbook app now. New customers use promo code DUM. Bet just $5 on any wager and get $200 in bonus bets instantly. That's promo code DUM. D-U-M-B. That word is spelled DUM. Only at DraftKings Sportsbook. What's the bee doing hanging around in the word DUM?  Download the DraftKings sportsbook app now and use promo code DUM. D-U-M-B. For some reason. Kind of like I hate people that run on the field during sports games, but that video of the kid running on the field and then making the great escape, like climbing the outfield wall, climbing there. At some point, you win me back over to root for you. You just got to be real creative and escape. Win the crowd. Win the crowd. Do it again. Win the crowd. Those Greek hats. Those Greek leaf hats. Those Greek leaf hats. Win the crowd.