Welcome to what the app is going on in Latin America and the Caribbean Code pinks weekly YouTube program of hot news out of the region in partnership. We have a lot of partners now I'm so happy to say in partnership with common frontiers, Council on hemispheric affairs, friends of Latin America, Massachusetts peace action and task force on the Americas. We broadcast weekly at 430pm Pacific, 730pm Eastern on code into YouTube channel. You can also find us on Apple podcast spotify telegram and now on rat indy media.com. Today's episode is Ecuador, the lasso government post national strike. So this today's episode is a follow up to our June 22 episode entitled Ecuador erupts against neoliberalism, in which we were joined by Pamela escalante of passachum years. So today, our guests and I'm so happy to welcome him back and I'm sure many of you will recognize him. Today, our guest is author and journalist Joe Emersberger. You can find his work published at fair fairness and accuracy in reporting, and be sure to read his book extraordinary threat, the US Empire, the media and 20 years of coup attempts in Venezuela. So welcome Joe. Welcome back. Thank you for having me. I just want to quick note the book. The book I wrote is with my, my friend Justin Boter, we wrote it together. Just want to clarify. Oh, yes. Okay, a shout out to Justin. Sorry. No problem. I remember I remember when it came out and I apologize. Oh, that's okay. So that's for our audience. What, what we want to talk about in this episode is what's happened since June 22. I think most of the audience is probably aware that a week ago Tuesday, there was an attempt to impeach President lasso of Ecuador. This process failed by only 12 votes. And this week following that impeachment attempt for ministers have resigned in the lasso cabinet or lasso government. And so, let's talk about what those two specific events I mean they're right on the heels of this 18 day national portal. And so what what has happened I think before we went live you started to tell me that that this is, you know, a pretty significant achievement of the indigenous community. I don't want to start there, but it isn't only the indigenous community. No, it's not. First, yeah, it's, but it was definitely there's no disputing that this was spearheaded by tonight these the 18 days of protest was spearheaded by tonight by by the by the leadership by the lower level leadership organizers activists of the government. They spearhead really an unprecedented national strike protests, you know, and, and Moreno's are sorry, Lasso's President Lasso's Freudian slip there, President Lasso's approval in the polls all the polls have around 20% he has fallen precipitously in only a year since he's taken office he's been he's the continuation of Moreno he always was. But the, the, it's important to note that they were already in 2019 it's important to stress because October 19 they're already huge protests against neoliberal policies, and that was before the pandemic strike, because since 2017 there's been at least 35% increase in poverty and more than doubling of homicide rate violent crime in Ecuador since since 2017 or it's continuously both continuously gotten worse since since the right wing And that's a huge story there. But when I say it's a huge achievement of these protests with what what's impressive is that the the concessions they have officially run from the Lasso government are concessions that that resonate with the entire Ecuadorian popular or the vast majority of Ecuadorians because they include like declaring a national emergency in the health sector right that affects everybody that's just not that's not the indigenous just the indigenous communities. It's calling for it and one of their demands they didn't make it into the into the concessions from Lasso but they also stressed that the violent crime that was one of their 10 points that there's has to be something like the just skyrocketing homicide and violence in the streets. Common crime is just exploded and the drug trafficking has it has. Yeah, it's all it's all it's linked together it's all but it's all it's it's a dramatic increase in violent crime that's just exploded since 2017. It's not to unemployment and the poverty that that creates yes or. Yeah, it's linked together but it's all it's like, it's not that simple because what happens there was a total restructure of the of the judicial system on the Okay, and this was done with the, with the collaboration of can I initially for the first few years, and because there there's, there's divisions between that the sub let's say the left wing, left leaning movements voters in Ecuador. And the split has exacerbated under a number of random for a lot of reasons but I want to stress first of all that the concessions that have run that can I run from the government are, like I say they resonate with the general population because they weren't, they weren't just about the indigenous sector of the rural sector they focused on things that in fact the entire entire Ecuadorian population and in last was just extremely unpopular because the general situation in Ecuador has just gotten worse the pandemic made it even more so for having something like six months into the pandemic, Ecuador had like the one of the worst death rates in the world. I mean entire world. When you looked at access deaths compared to pre pandemic periods I was just a, just another disaster all the way around on top of the disaster that was already taking place and that already caused such such commotion so there was. Yeah, so that the the it's considered a huge achievement that they managed to ring these concessions and ring them in such a way that you say they resonate with everybody. However, last just recently he's already saying that the protests were financed by correct correct correct movement and by drug traffickers. He's saying that about program. Now he's just run. He's just made concessions was in the dialogue, and yet he's going out publicly and saying oh they were all financed by drug traffickers and and and of course attacking Korea because that's the big demon in Ecuadorian politics. The so called Korea's movement as the largest block in the National Assembly. You mentioned I want to stress right off the bat you stress you mentioned wrap up there was an attempt to impeach lasso. It's it's not an impeachment if you remember what happened with Dilma Rousseff. The legislators threw her out basically and then seized power from themselves right. Well, that's not what was being attempted in in the vote that just took place. What took place in Ecuador is something that was instituted in the 2008 Constitution when it was you know was ratified by voters, and it's called they refer to it informally as more the I guess that means like mutually assured destruction, because what happens is that if the National Assembly, what they can do is they think, yeah they can terminate his term, but they have to go to elections for the entire National Assembly, and the president. Okay, so it's a fresh elections for everybody, not just for the. Okay, so it's not like the Dilma Rousseff executive and the legislative. Yes, yes, it's not like it's not like, it's not like what happened with Dilma Rousseff were basically the right wing legislators can just throw her out and seize power for themselves and they stayed in power for two years right. That's not what this was about. This was about forcing elections within six months for everybody. Okay, so what happens is, so lasso can run again, and if lasso were to win, he would be able to finish out his term, and they could not invoke this met this mark that could sell that again, because it only applies for that term. So and the reason and similarly the president also like a popular president is confronted with protests led by an unpopular minority whatever he could call call out say you know what okay fresh elections that I'm going to I'm going to go to the voters and you guys all go to the voters to. So there's article 148 allows the president, the force is more the salad the force elections for everybody. Okay, and article 130 allows the National Assembly with a two thirds vote which they didn't quite get. We're saying yeah, yeah, they fell short of that. They fell short. But if they had got the two thirds of vote, the legislative vote, they would have forced new elections for everybody. Okay, so, and this was implemented because between the period 1996 to 2006, Ecuador had depending how you count them nine to 11 different presidents, because of all sorts of back this content it was just a disaster. Throughout this period you had rising poverty and again rising rising violent crime, all the way from the 1980s, all the way to basic all the way right up until if you look at the homicide rate for Ecuador. From 1980, all the way through till 2011 until the very early years of Perez government when he when he instituted reforms to judiciary into the legal system. The violent crime rate is constantly increasing. I mean I can just tell you myself. As a young kid, I could walk the streets in the 70s, early 80s with my uncles and down some way I killed no, no fear of being assaulted or anything right by the by 1990. My family my relatives and why I killed they didn't want to go their own neighborhood after dark, which it just just continually got worse and worse and worse. And under Korea's government in only 10 years from 2000 by the time he left office, the homicide rate we have fallen by two thirds. Just a dramatic decrease in crime all over the country and dramatic improvement in the general feeling of security and in along with that. A reduction in poverty and if you remember I mean, this is more is not just there's not just a simple correlation between poverty alleviation and violent crime reduction because if you remember it under Chavez even during his best years, the oil and government still struggled with the rising crime rate, because what would create what creates government did is the unclog the legal system so many cases that were just sitting in limbo so many people, not being processed just there's no resources just no resources dedicated to just making the system function effectively and the implemented another different kind of way of selecting judges and prosecutors through a process that kind of bypass political parties. It was created to be criticized it for a lot of reasons but the results are undisputable they produced a much more efficient much more effective legal system that that produce these tremendous results. But since 2017 when right wing government neoliberal governments took over part of what they've done is just just merged eliminated public sector services and employees that are just isn't either just not the resources to to deal with the and they what reasons they have dedicated basically to trying to the throw Korean supporters in jail. I mean Jorge glass in jail Korea, if you went to Ecuador would be in jail sentence to get asylum now. Some of my neighbors here in Mexico City would be as well if they returned home. Exactly. Yeah. Yeah. So it's just a it's been a it's been a it's been a disaster and so they were there were these tremendous achievements under Chris time and obviously been completely undone and we're going back almost to the what we were to what Ecuador was in the 90s. So, with this tremendous, like I said in the 96 to 2006 tremendous violent crime instability there were so much also political instability governments, changing constantly. And so that's why this mark the side that I talked about was was implemented because it was a okay there's got to be a better way if the government really falls in popular it's got to be a better way that just taking to the streets to get rid of them there's got to be a constitutional way that forces all the whole political class to be accountable because they the legislature and the president, both have to go to elections. Okay, so I just think that's an important point to stress. It is. Thank you. Yeah, it's much more complex and kids. Yeah, and also now really fantastic it could be quite disastrous to on who calls for it. Yeah, but it but the whole political class has to go right so it has to go to elections, they have to go to the voters. So that that that is a well thought out mechanism. And there's also, right now, unfortunately, there's a, there's also a, there was a temp made after that vote failed there was an attempt made to prevent to the CNE recall referendum. Okay, they want to give us petitions we want to start collecting signatures to recall the force a recall referendum on Guillermo Lasso, but that was shot down. The CNE said there was no. There was no, they didn't provide enough proof that they have to justify their attempt for recall saying that the last of them fulfill his promises they say they didn't give enough proof. It's kind of comical for the CNE to even bring that up because Lasso's candidacy in 2021 was actually legal. I mean it's very clear that the Pandora papers revelation show that he had through his family assets and tax havens which under under Victorian law, you're not supposed to have if you're a candidate you're supposed to get rid of any property tax havens before you can be a candidate you didn't do that. But with the restructuring of all the the authorities that's been happening since 2017 it's, it just didn't didn't didn't bite him legally. And now we see how the CNE is even even after these unprecedented protests and extremely unpopular president, he's still being protected from the CNE from now for a recall referendum so for our audience the CNE is the Consejo Nacional Electoral of the National Electoral Council, which is a branch of the government. And oversees the electoral process in Ecuador, not unlike other countries, the INE here in Mexico which is screwed in the CNE in Venezuela same name. Yeah. So, so that's that's what's going on right now is that is that. And also there's also against Leonidas Issa, he's the leader of the CNI. It's, it's, it's, it's being important to stress that when he, when these, when these protests initiated, first thing the government did was a try to arrest, well they didn't try or they did arrest. And then, but they were backtracked on the right away, because, like I said, CNI is not there one strength and I has it's not, it's not, it's not as much of a top down organization to say that as chorus movement is like I support careers movement but when you have a more horizontal structure that that has advantages sometimes because you can't just decapitate the leaders and know everything goes away. Like when electoral movement is dependent on so much on a leader, well you cancel the leader one way or another and everything kind of falls apart, but they couldn't do that with these, this protest because it was had such genuine grassroots support and just just grabbing the leader was just going to, I think they realized just going to throw fuel on the fire so they backtrack, but they're still trying to go, they still have court case against them, and last was already linking the protest to Marco traffic and to Coraizmo which in his, which to his, to his supporters, and which are very powerful, that's just the same thing right Coraizmo Marco that's the same thing you know and you saw the same discourse against Eval Morales and the people who hate it to hate people who hate Eval Morales or any left wing government or their narcos their criminals. So, so the fact that he's engaging that discourse that certainly puts a cloud on whether these these agreement that he reached with with can I will actually get implemented so it's it's kind of, it's a, it's a scary situation away because he's not going to implement and the CNE and other authorities are going to block him from for basically recall, and the, and the legislature is going to block him from having the more the option that he's, it's like they're closing all the legal options right. And so that's, that's, that's a recipe for perhaps even more national strikes or protest down the road, but it's not, that's something that it's it's very it's very uncertain. Let's talk about, well now there's two things just listening to you outline over this. Let's talk about the things that the government has. I have a short list here maybe we should just run through them. There were the 10 items that Conai and the protesters at large were demanding be addressed and what the and what the result is as of today as far as we know. And then also I think it's really important that we talk a bit about social movements and organization from the ground up and how important that is in affecting a government's response to the needs and desires of the people. I think that is one of the biggest successes is just not just where the government has agreed, you know, to acquiesce or implement solutions, but this tremendous success of, of community social and labor organizing. And that is something that keeps coming up, you know, throughout so many of our episodes, that this pushed against neoliberalism this neoliberal model that lasso is a poster child for this, this ground up organizing how important it is and Conai has, has, has affected the removal of two presidents already in the like in the 90s and the early 2000s. Yes, that they've had that much. Yeah, it's true. But it's also like there was at that time, you know, in the 90s there was also divisions within the right wing that facilitated presidents being removed. Now, Korea has really put the fear of God in them. They're their fear of the Korea is coming back in some way, or somebody very loyal to correct coming back has put such fear in them that now they really close ranks. So it's not going to it's not like the 1990s in that sense because 1990s they never really had something like a career to look back to say whoa, if we we don't close ranks, we're going to end up with him or with that right. Now they do they have this fear of Korea coming back at the crest movie coming back in power. And so that's that's a huge fear. And so that's why, like, technically, supposedly, Guillermo last was wing of the right of the right wing political class and you know, that's another leader based in why kill those guys are supposedly at odds, right. They're bickering. But when it came down to the vote and national assembly didn't matter. You know, they were going to they were not going to allow him to get thrown out. So that that's a major difference with with the 1990s period. In fact, then the political class would turn on each other much more, you know, for any reason. Yeah, so it's good. It's, you know, moreno unpopular as well using single digits by the time we left but he finished his term. You know, and so I don't, I don't, you know, I don't I'm not I'm not guaranteeing muscles going to finish this term. I'm just saying it's they have this fear of a left wing of a left wing movement electoral movement. It's a festival that has a track record that has achievements and they and they haven't been able to destroy it, but it's still well it's the largest block in the National Assembly is not a majority but it's the largest block. So 35% of the country still supports Korea as well. Well in the pretty solid. Yeah, I think it's I think it's probably higher than that if they actually, but he isn't allowed to run. I mean they rushed. They did really ridiculous things to you just to show you the fear they didn't allow they didn't not only do they not allow it run not only do they still have Jorge glass in jail for going out five years, but they didn't during the campaign they didn't even let him address the roast and his team use Korea's image in the campaign. Yes, they say well if somehow if Korea's sentence therefore his image also is not allowed. So his image uses loses political rights as well not just the man. And what but it was also very cynical because there's a party that used to be Korea's that had almost zero support, and they actually were allowed they actually got away with using Korea's image and that the only impact that could have is maybe to confuse voters to inadvertently vote for them thinking they're voting for somebody Korea supports you know. But they allowed them to you they allowed them to do it in their TV spots and it was, it's like the only reason you allow this to cause confusion and the hope that maybe in a very close vote. That you know that could potentially have an impact you know because you know if a vote is very close any little thing can can potentially. So, so there's there's all sorts of dirty tricks that are going on all the time. But yeah that's that's that's a big difference so that's why I wouldn't bet on lots of being thrown out I mean I'm not saying it's impossible but this is not like the 1996 to Well let's talk about what what these protests have achieved because here I'm just going to quickly go through and please comment. I'm just going to just do an abbreviated run through for the audience to she to show what has been agreed upon so the government says that fuel prices have already been frozen and will not increase in the future. Bank gets the government responds that it has arranged for a bond Ecuador to forgive all credits up to $3,000. At the request of a policy of fair prices for basic agricultural products the government offers to negotiate with the private sector. The government does not respond to the request to increase public investment to generate employment. The government does not respond to the request for a moratorium on extractive mining. And, and, and the oil border I'm not sure that's probably not the correct interpretation from Spanish to English, but it's really important for the for us to understand that extractive mining and particularly the oil extraction does affect indigenous communities, the most. Yes, the largest population affected by the extraction industry. The request that collective rights be respected. The government doubled the budget for intercultural bilingual education. But that would mean also investing in the public education system which they don't seem to have done. There will be no privatization of the strategic sectors, but the promise remains in the air because the government is because the country's facing a government that accelerated the application of neoliberalism. Yeah. So the request to establish a policy to control prices and curbs speculation. The national government push that to the state level or the provincial level I forget what what you refer to them in Ecuador. Push that to the governors and mayors. And a state of emergency has been declared for the public health system and urgent purchases of medicines there is no answer about the policies for admission to the universities offered by lasso when he was a presidential candidate. Yeah, that's that's, but you can see right away is that also there's been an increase in the subsidy for the poor like to basically the others. Bono that is at all human right these basic subsidy given to the most poorest people has been increased a little bit so, but you can see right off the bat that these are these are demands that impact the entire population, even the limiting like the limiting prices or price gouging or whatnot for agricultural products that also obviously that that re that reverberates to the throughout the entire population. Yeah, so yeah, right. So this that was the key thing about these demands that it's the situation Ecuador is deteriorated to the point where where the movement, the indigenous movement can articulate the man's fight for the man's that are supported by everybody right so that that's a key that's a key that that's a similarity with the 1990s that is a that is similar now now that we're back in the liberal regime now for five or five years so that that similarity calls, but I'm, but the the other one the other factors are mentioned are also a factor. What about extractivism like the comment on that because that's, that's where that goes to some of the divisions between the let's say the can I can I movement and in Korea because can I can I had a bad relationship with can I for most of his time in office in a lot some of that was some of that was like, there's a right wing, let's face it there's a right wing element to to can I, like there are the people affiliated with can I and the the certainly their electoral. It's not officially the electoral movement of can I but it's the budget to put the case, the, the electoral wing of the indigenous movement. And if you read even he's a little bit as he says interview. And they ask him what budget could think it's pretty obvious that that's kind of an embarrassment to them because they've been so reactionary. Well we saw that last year's elect presidential election. Sure. And we also like just consider the fact that this more to cross out about that I talked about this was this was in. This was brought in by by chorus movement, the, excuse me the units block. And it was actually, people were actually very pleasantly surprised that most of the Pachacuti went along with it. Some of them, some of them abstain including the President of National Assembly, but it was a pleasant surprise that that they went along with, in fact, did most of most of them did vote for that almost. Well, fast majority voted favor of this more to cross out a fresh election mechanism, but it's still the fact that even comes as a surprise. I mean the fact that even a guy like the head of tonight is basically they've always for years kind of almost a lot of times had a distance themselves from Pachacuti so it's, there's been issues there. But the issue with extractivism is that, as you mentioned, the extract the extractive industries tend to tend to operate in indigenous communities. And traditionally they've tend to get stuck with the pollution with the with the with the garbage, the toxic waste, and, and the wealth flows elsewhere, you know the wealth flows into the pockets of multinationals and into the pockets of of the elite and Ecuador and maybe the urban, you know more urban based middle class or whatever you want to call. So, so that's been that's been a problem, but it's very hard to address that in a country where you also desperately need for exchange just to do basic development. It's just to pay salaries just to build rows just to do sanitation and all the all the basic infrastructure that Ecuador doesn't have is still to start developed under Korea but by no means finished. So that's that's a tension there is very I mean the only way you could actually eliminate that tension is just not to do extractive industries at all.  And economic suicide I mean you can't just you can't just come off of that economic model overnight. Yeah, but but I want I want to make this point because I put this on Twitter but I want people to consider this like Korea had a when he was in office he had this initiative where he because there was a key point he wanted to there was a proposal to expand drilling in a Yasumi National Park. And he said look okay I don't want I don't want to do this but I'm going to do it unless the international community can pony up like those little under $4 billion right because with that money they could put that right that trust that the attempt to create. Yeah, that's $4 billion now keep that in mind. And that's several years ago. Now in May, without even thinking of US Congress unanimous to push through this or close to unanimous no that wasn't unanimous because actually was embarrassingly was the right wing, who had some had some resistance but the squad and all those people approve $40 billion for the proxy war in Ukraine. Right. So, I mean you can you can you can shower that kind of money on a proxy war with Russia. But what the Korea was asking for not just from the US from the wealthiest countries to say okay $4 billion they got nowhere near that because the it's it's the climate crisis everything is global. If, if you want countries like Ecuador desperately poor to bypass extractive industries well then the, the, the just thing to do with the pressure, the richest country the former colonial countries. To replace the revenue stream that that would allow them to bypass those industries to develop other without doing all right well. You know so that's that's that's a very important point because before I looked at World Bank data the $40 billion that that that's equivalent to Ecuador's oil rents for the entire like 2014 the 2020 period inclusive so that's like a seven year period. So oil rents is the World Bank defines that as the total value of production minus the production costs. So, so that gives you an idea just over a seven year period just that one little gift $40 billion gift to the proxy war with Russia. Yeah, that that covers Ecuador's major. Yeah, for the seven year period. And right now even if you think about right now their oil exports. This year, prices are very high, we're going to be like 10 $12 billion something like that in that neighborhood. So again that's like only a quarter of what that one disbursement of to the to the proxy war with Russia. So it's just something to think about you know because when you, you know, it's, it's, it's to me, a really offensive when, especially environmentalists in the global north want to look down on governments, especially governments that are out there's always have this dilemma of doing some kind of extractivism because, like I said the only way you could alleviate this tension entirely is to not do it, but they just cannot. That's just not pay to keep it in the ground. Yeah, have that offset. You know, you, you talk about the, you know, the US funding of the proxy war in Ukraine here in Mexico, the President of Mexico is something very, very similar, you know that a pinch of that money could have been invested south of the border to alleviate the need for, you know, some of the root causes of migration to the United States, just a drop in the bucket of that of those funds financing the proxy war. So it's, I mean it's the colonial nations and the and the control of global capital just really so sets the agenda. Unfortunately. Yes. Well, there's two things I'm thinking with you mentioned the, the Ecuador and oil exports have that has that in any way been affected by the US sanctions on Russia. And who to sell who customers selling to establish customer shipping any of it has any of that been affected. Well, global oil prices have gone up spikes since the war. Yes. Yeah, so that that a lot which is an international market for for oil right so that's definitely boosted Ecuador's oil oil prices. However, there's a very important thing that I don't think gets commented on is that under Korea, the Ecuador's share of the oil revenues increased dramatically also because he renegotiated the contracts with the multi nationals. So one of the, one of the things that then the right wing governments afterwards on the right on the last have been doing is, is gone in the other direction. So that's one, that's why they think about why is there's so much unrest and tension with with such high prices why isn't you know, just, you know, just directly subset I just move things over right with money. One reason he's limited doing that is because his policies been just given more that money to the multi nationals. So that's that's that's that limits his even if he wants to that limits his options for for doing the other thing is that in 2020 entering an agreement with the IMF. And it's the typical structural adjustment agreements that during the 90s again that's a major factor in the unrest that we had in that 96 to 2006 period when you had this constant, you know revolving chairs of presidents. So you're back to that as well with the IMF telling you what you can and can't do. And again, tying your hands and they did other things you know they they under Moreno they the instituted policy such that the government is limited and the way can even use its own resource like from its own like like Ecuador has a Ecuador has Ecuador has the US dollar. So you could say no say well why is it even have a central bank. The main things that central bank does is issue currency but the central bank in Ecuador does function in it like a bank and it does have play still play an important role in under Korea's government that that was a way they could they could you move money around within the right to to not rely so heavily on private financing. So now the obviously the big banking interests but they don't want that right they don't they don't want to go. They want the government to go to them. So, so that's another key change so all these change with all these things do and then there's the tax giveaways and everything else, but all these things do is that gives less money to the government so that they can smooth over the social problems right. They can make so so that limits that. Okay, financially starves off all the state infrastructure and intuitions was that guy who said starved the stock right the old Reagan era guy. Yeah that was. That's that's kind of the philosophy starved the star of the government so that it can't do anything for 10s it can't do everything.  And then, and then you have all these problems and you have all this the social explosion because in a poor country like this you're really, I mean the suffering we're talking about here, I mean, it's because people are really suffering, and they have the feel that they have no option but the take to the streets. So what, what do you see in our last few minutes or I mean, there's so much that we can talk about what, what do you see potentially happening and I guess I asked this in the context, you know, specifically of what we saw in a year ago, and the national stripe there, which I did go and work as a human rights observer at late May of last year and is I will just share with the audience it is one of the reasons I was not allowed to be able to witness or to serve as an election observer presidential elections and they are because, because of what we did witness in May June of last year during the auto national in Colombia. And we've seen, you know, so we've got a really, really recent, not just historical experience in Columbia but we have a, you know, a next door neighbor to Ecuador now that, you know, has changed its government. And how much, you know, that's all up to the Colombian people how much is going to be able to happen, you know, with this new administration coming in will probably take multiple administrations to implement the changes needed. But here's this next door neighbor experience a year ago, that's led to a change in the government is something like that possible in Ecuador, given the vast majority of Ecuador and Ecuadorian citizens are affected by this horrible economic policy compounded with this global, you know, crisis with sanctions on Russia, I mean, it's really great. Well, I just, I want to say a lot depends on the on the CNE a lot depends on the state prosecutor because the state prosecutor just as soon as the CNE sat shut down the recall referendum. There was there was talk about impeaching members of the CNE, and the state prosecutor or could I don't handle it. He came down with a ruling that said, the CNE members can't be can't be impeached by the National Assembly because they're organizing elections for 2023.  You got six months or more. Yeah. Yeah, if they're that. So a lot depends on on how stubborn the those kind of people are in the government. It depends if they could finally some of them can start breaking away and start issuing rulings that make sense, and make this a democratic and let the mechanism settle this as opposed to forcing people into the streets, because what other option do you just sit there and suffer quietly. Or you're going to take the street so what I'm hoping is that eventually, either members of the CNE or different members of this apparatus stayed apparatus that's protected lasso that they that they cave just like the cave will be allowed to make the process of candidacy in 2025. I was not a done deal into the last minute. They really barely got through. They almost didn't allow Matt just think of that they didn't allow the movement that one has the largest block in the National Assembly that one the national, they almost didn't allow them to participate. So, but they did amazingly well. Yes, given that late start that they were. Yes, they did, but it just shows you well under extraordinarily difficult. So the resolution all these problems I think depends on on whether the these institutions can finally stop protecting lasso and start looking for a for a for a for to let voters decide this as opposed to some kind of trial of strength on the streets. I mean not that that can't be legitimate when there's no other option, but that's, we have they have our mechanisms to resolve this now through through voting. Those should be those should be those should be done, but hopefully they won't keep walking up because that's what they're doing they're trying to blocking the mechanisms that should resolve this through through through electoral means. And so next year 2023 are legislative elections and regional or. Yeah, they're like local local elections. Okay, local level elections yeah mayors. You know your names of all. Yeah, yeah, so, yeah, so we'll see what happens there but that's that's the, that's what I think I can't give a prediction but I think if, if they can start, if people can stop blocking the Democratic route and hopefully it'll be a way out of this that it'll, you know, be less disastrous. You know, put a break on all that there's these trend that's been going on since 2017 it's just been horrendous. Well, I mean, it's, it's very sad for people but it's also just, it's, you know, it's just one more example of the failure of neoliberalism and, and how violently imposed it is. You can never underestimate, you can never underestimate the level of violence and dishonesty that resort to, I think leftists do sometimes underestimate what they're up against. I think even, I think even Korea's movement underestimated what he was up against underestimated the amount, the number of opportunists and that he had within his ranks and guess that's another thing that hurt them was that, you know, Moreno was was in trouble but he came from their movement, right? Yes, yes. Oh, so that also damaged their credibility is, even if, even though they fought him from as soon as he showed what he was they immediately fought against it but still that that undermines people's confidence in your leadership. Exactly. So, so, yeah, you can never underestimate what you're up against and the ability of opportunistic elements to get in a weasel their way into your movement. Especially when you have these global North Colossus it's always got got its hands in there with the, with NGOs with, you know, through the CIA and everything else. So, all that money, all that money that, you know, US citizens could have reinvested in ourselves. Much less our neighbors as well. In 1964, I don't know if you've heard of Philip Beigie, right, the first big whistleblower of a long time. He the CIA whistleblower, he had his book inside the company talks about a lot about it because that's where he was based. And he said that in 1964, 1964, he said with 50,000 with a $50,000 per year budget. He said the CIA said well we're not controlling things but we're pretty much giving everything a big push the way we want to do it right the way we want things to go. So, that's that's that's a big fact. Well Joe I'm so thankful for your time this evening. It's, it's a Friday night and I'm just so thankful that you could join us again I always love working with you. And I hope that we can have you back as we watch things unfold in Ecuador. I think it's going to be really, really important, especially now with these elections. I really watch, because we're just seeing so much unfold throughout the hemisphere of the Americas, including your country in mind. Maybe not rapidly enough, but, or maybe for my country, kind of disastrous, but there are so many changes coming, and, and what we're seeing in Ecuador is so is not unlike what has been happening. You know, over the over the years. Throughout the hemisphere so it's going to be really important to watch Ecuador and I look forward to having you come back and talk more. Thanks for having me on appreciate. Oh no thank you so much. And I just want to thank our audience for for for listening and watching, and be sure to check this out next week we broadcast typically every Wednesday on code pink YouTube live and this Joe was so gracious to to join us this evening and we wanted to accommodate his availability, but you can catch us generally Wednesday nights on code pink YouTube live and be sure to catch code pink radio every Thursday 11am Eastern on WBAI out of New York City and WPFW out of Washington DC, both projects can also be found on Apple podcast and Spotify. And so we look forward to talking with all of you next week and again thank you so much Joe I really appreciate your time and it's always great you're always so insightful. Thank you. Thank you very much. Nice to be the second take care.


Hey, this is Brett, and this 2018 Ram 3500 ProMaster Cutaway is stock number 13367Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, near New and used Ram and Ram ProMaster headquarters. This one also has a nap-hide utility body on it or a KUV. This vehicle has the 3.6 liter V6 Pentastar engine. It's paired up with the 6-speed automatic transmission. This ProMaster Cutaway has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. It has four brand new tires, and it is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video, show you the inside, go over all the options, and the overall condition of the vehicle, the best that I can.  So if you have HD capabilities, turn them on now, because it is your best way to check out the quality, condition, options, and of course, cleanliness of the vehicle before seeing it in person. This thing is in really nice shape, considering that it is a utility vehicle that's been probably used for work its entire life. The box and doors, there's eight different storage panels on the side here, and you can see that is a nap-hide box there.  You get the big tow mirrors, these, you know, you can adjust them a couple different ways. It's heated, built-in directional signals, comes with the steel rims, and brand new Laughin X-Fit LT 22575R16 tires. Still see the little wear knobs on there. We put those on in our safety inspection, and it has four brand new tires all the way around. Front fender is in nice shape. Front bumper and grille are in pretty nice condition as well. I didn't see any major dents or dings or scuffs, it does have the factory fog lights. The hood's in pretty nice condition. Does have one little ding there, but nothing too bad. Passenger side front fender is in nice shape as well, and the passenger side rim, no major scuffs on there. That tire is brand new as well, and down this side you can take note of how clean that body is, how clean the box utility body is as well. I take these HD videos, so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the vehicle, hear the vehicle, and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's no surprises. I just wanted to show you inside the doors here, so we got a couple shelves and stuff in here. Looks like you can adjust those shelves pretty easy. There's little slots on the side that they just slide into, or you could probably just take them out. The door shuts nicely. All the doors work really nice. They're all spring loaded, shelving in here as well. And the other side is going to be just the same as this side. It does have LED tail lamps, it has a towing package, receiver hitch, seven pin wiring. The rear bumpers in pretty nice shape. Those rear doors do swing open. They're on shocks up there, so they swing open nice and easy, and kind of on their own. Back storage area, a lot of storage space back here. I'm six foot, and I still have six inches to the ceiling. And a couple hooks back here, shelving space is nice. There is a pass through to the front, it's a sliding door, which is nice as well. And then there's a spot for other shelves in there. But very nice in here, yeah. Get a lot of stuff in here, organize it really well. That shuts solidly, does have the backup camera up there that does work. And this side condition is nice, a lot of room for any signage or graphics that you'd want to put on this vehicle. Inside, you get the black cloth interior, the seats are height adjustable, they do have the armrests on the inside. Side current airbags, no rips or tears on those seats. You do get power windows and mirrors. Inside, check out the miles, the radio, and everything that this vehicle has to offer on the interior. You can see that this one has 66,780 miles, you do get an outside temperature display. And the date is on there, instrument cluster is very nice and clean. You do get audio and Bluetooth controls on the steering wheel, that's in nice shape. Your cruise control is right here. Get a couple auxiliary switches right there as well. Black speed automatic transmission, you connect 5-inch touchscreen radio, AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities, and then this is also where your backup camera shows up. Climate controls, stability control, and your door locks as well as your fog lights. You get a USB plug-in and a 12-volt power point, you get the heavy-duty rubber floor. Inside format, our floor and seat are in excellent condition, no rips or tears, and the headliner is in nice condition as well. You get some map lights up there, we'll start it up and take a look under the hood. Starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that. Your hood poppers right there. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today, and hopefully from this HD video, you've been able to verify the quality and condition of this ProMaster Cutaway KUV, and under the hood is the 3.6-liter V6 engine, engine bay is nice and clean, runs really smooth. There's the emission sticker, once again this vehicle has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter chain. All the fluid tab and check-down topped off has four brand new tires, and it is 100% ready to go. She's ready for a lot of work, and to see more pictures of this ProMaster, one of other 550, new and used cars, trucks, SCVs, minivans, Wranglers, you name it, we got it, go to our website, which is www.SummitAuto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at SummitAuto.com, and if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to www.youtube.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video, and all the videos that you see there, in fact, in a second, you will see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel on the upper left. A link to more ProMaster videos I've done in the upper right, a link to this vehicle on our website on the lower left, and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those, check us out. We're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2018 Ram 3500 ProMaster Cutaway with the nap-hide KUV body on it, and thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on the YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Thanks again.


All right. Let's get started. So I want to talk to you today about kind of what the UX team has been doing for Drupal 8. And for those of you who don't know, I'm Bojan Somers and I'm the UX maintainer of Drupal 7 and now Drupal 8. And I actually graduated yesterday, so I'm finished at school. Thank you. So I want to talk about two things today. I want to talk about the current initiatives, kind of the things that we've been doing, and the main, well, challenge that we have. But I think a couple more months to go, we want to still work on kind of three major things. We want to work on the content creation and editing. We want to work on blocks and layouts. And we want to work on the mobile. So let me start with content creation. It's not an official initiative, but we thought, you know, this is kind of one of the things in core that is very bland. It's not very striking for a content management system. So we feel it's kind of broken and we wanted to improve it. And I think we've done over 100 usability tests on this particular screen and found a whole range of issues. Some of them, the more important ones is that people don't really know whether this content is published or not. On the editing, it's not really clear to them, especially when they have a kind of a content editing workflow. That's information that's really important. And it's somewhere down in the vertical tab. Another thing is the vertical tabs themselves. When we introduced them, we thought they were going to be awesome. And they work really well. But they are hard to scan and it's really hard when there's a lot of contributed modules for it to not look cluttered. So that's another issue. And obviously previewing. Well, this is a bit weird. I guess it's a Drupalism. Because when you look at this preview, people go, what the fuck? Because it's not in the front end, right? A preview should be in the front end. So they're confused by this and they're even more confused that there's two different kind of previews. So with this, we started looking at, you know, what do our competitors do? We try to do a comparison, looking at what Drupal does and what other systems do. And we looked at a whole range of CMSs like WordPress, Joomla, Moveable Type, Hippo, which is a Dutch CMS. And we noticed that, well, the content creation screens aren't necessarily very well designed either. Often they design very individual fields. But whenever they threw in a WYSIWYG, it looks all mashed up because of that particular WYSIWYG. So it doesn't really match the visual style of the admin. But still, in comparison to Drupal, they're all pretty okay. Like over-the-top styling like Joomla or very minimalistic styling like text pattern. So we collaborated with Jared Punch, who works for Lollabot, to go over a few design rounds where we would research and iterate on a design. And we pushed these iterations out into the community for feedback. And in the final round, we now have this. And this is also the design that's being implemented. It includes a sidebar where on the top you have your kind of meta information that is published or not, whether it's saved or not. And then you have the accordion of configuration items so that on the left, all you're doing on the left is always just doing the content creation. And this was achieved really well by participants. We did a usability study and we found a number of small issues, but overall it stands. People really understand that on the left, I just do this. And on the right, I just have all my meta stuff that if I want to, I can configure. So that's for content creation. The Spark team, I think, during this week, there has already been some announcements and some demos of Spark stuff. They're working on, like, inline editing. It's likely just to complement this, because, you know, people still have to do creation. So it's really just for editing. And we've provided feedback to the Spark team. There are a number of UX and accessibility issues that need to be resolved for Spark, but we think it's going to be in a good shape to get into core. So that's all about content creation. Then mobile. So we've been working with the mobile initiative and really focusing on basically making Drupal 8 friendly for site visitors and site administrators. And I think many in the community can understand that the urgency of doing this, probably already a year ago, but, you know, we want to have it in the Drupal 8 at least. And there's a whole bunch of tasks that the mobile initiative set out. The UX team is really only focusing on this part. So the ability to use Drupal's administrative forms in mobile devices. And to do this, we really need to design kind of the complete stack of administrative tasks. So, you know, primary, secondary tabs, the toolbar, the 7 team, all those parts need to be designed for mobile. We've already achieved, I think, a small achievement through John, Albin has been doing a lot of work in helping to make this happen. So Bartik is already responsive. I think Stark is already responsive. So we really only have seven left. So I hope... Sorry? Oh, Garland's gone. Well, that helps, always helps. So we really have only seven left. So designing seven is quite a challenge. We still have a long way to go, but Louis Nieman has been working really hard working on prototypes for the navigation, because, you know, this is stuff you really have to try out. And the prototype so far kind of allows you to very smoothly move down the navigation just by navigating the list, basically. But we didn't stop there. We didn't stop by just navigation, because a lot of the stuff that's on the page needs to be designed as well. So whenever you come to, for example, the content listing, you don't want the first half of your mobile screen to be filled up with the action link and the weird filters that we have in core. So a trick that we tried there is to put the action link in the top bar so you can press the plus, and then you get to that action. When there's several actions, it might collapse into several actions. And you have a search button, but you also have a filter button. So the filter is initially hidden from few only when you select it in the toolbar are you going to show it on your mobile screen. I think it's quite a challenge to move this forward. There's new patterns and new technologies coming in, well, every day, pretty much. And we need to design these patterns so they scale to kind of all of the crazy things you can do in core, because managing your fields on your mobile phone is going to be very different from doing content creation. So there's a prototype. Luis Nieman is working on this one. It's not a mobile app, so it's really a responsive admin team. And I think to the actual prototype, because I felt this is something you have to try out. It's still a rough prototype, but in terms of focus, I think it's important to say that we're not just focusing on content creation. I think that's something we have to do, obviously, and a great part of doing this. But we also want to leverage site building, because we think that's an essential part of the Drupal experience, maybe even more so than content creation for a lot of our community members. So I think the biggest mistake that we had in Drupal 7 is that we really only focus on content creation in terms of UX, and we really forgot to improve things for site builders. You in this room, we really didn't improve that much around the UX of menus, terms, blocks. That's still pretty much the same in Drupal 7 as opposed to Drupal 6. So we still want to try and do some of that in the upcoming months. And if you look at kind of our competitors or friends in this field, they're really innovating hard on these elements, these building blocks or building your site. And the Layout Initiative sets out to basically revamp something we haven't changed in a long while, which is the placement of blocks and the creation of layouts. And we've been thinking about this I think for well over a year now, brainstorming and designing things. So I'm quite excited about this. And I think it's a fundamental UX part that we still can improve. So let's look at the current state. It's pretty ugly. You have your blocks, and you place them in one layout. That's pretty much what you can do. You can maybe supply some URL arguments for certain blocks to not show up on certain pages, but that's about it. But this model's quite outdated, right? This is the one-page site kind of model. And it worked maybe in 2001. But if you look at the problems that users have, they experience this gap. And we didn't really make it any better in Drupal 7, is that this is your site and this is how you administer it, placing your blocks. And it doesn't really match. There's a whole gap in between as to where their blocks go and how it's going to end up looking. So there's almost no cues for users to really administer their blocks well. And that's not all. In the testing that we did at I think the University of Minnesota in 2011, we found that people have a really hard time grasping kind of the conceptual model of Drupal in that they think it's all just content blocks on the page. Whereas a Drupal developer knows that's a node block, that's a custom block, that's another custom block, that's maybe a view, maybe slideshow, that's the main menu block. They don't really know how to access all of those modules and they have to learn all these different kind of concepts. You have to know views, they have to know node blocks, they have to know all this stuff to get that page. And if you look at all of the different modules that do this, panels, beams, they all do it in all their own ways. So there's no pattern in how you would place a block on this page other than the course block page. And obviously our competitors are way ahead of this. If you look at square space, they're already allowing a lot of very cool drag and dropping of blocks.  Dynamic configuration. Making a custom landing page is actually quite easy from a UX perspective. But making a landing page or a page that shows a different image when you're watching the French version from the English version or showing different content when you're logged in or logged out, those kinds of dynamic configurations are really tough to do because then it goes beyond setting those custom variables to inheriting configuration and all of that. So the conception module that we made is that we think that this whole experience exists out of three parts. There's the page library where kind of all of your pages live. There's a component library where all of the blocks live and then there's the drag and drop editor where basically all of this comes together and then you end up having your page. So again, we made a prototype. You can access it from here. It's a prototype that tries to build this whole experience. So I really suggest you try it out. I'm not yet fully pleased with where it is. It allows for the creation of blocks, placement of blocks, but there are still some parts that are difficult to understand, especially if we want this to be usable for content creators and side builders who are just starting out with Drupal. I think the big question though, now that we've seen all of this, how are we going to make it happen? Because if you look at Drupal 7 now and you look at Drupal 8, there's pretty much no difference. And that's worrisome because I think after, what is it, 20 months or something of code slush? Having no noticeable difference is a problem. And I've tried to wrap my head around why we have no difference there and why it's all the same. And well, obviously it boils down to this. I mean, every initiative has this problem. And having been in the community for, I think, four years now, trying to build UX team, I think that the main problems that we found, that we found it really hard in terms of the UX team for people to get involved in UI discussions. Most of the time they're pretty heavy and very intense. And I think the UX team is now around two or three people in terms of staff, which is a very high bus factor, especially when they're kind of responsive for all of the UI in core. And in the last six months, a couple of us had other circumstances why we couldn't dedicate full-time or part-time or volunteer time to Drupal Core. So very little happened, really. So Angie told me there's a similar situation in Dock's team where there's a really high bus factor. And it's a big problem. And if you look at the ways that we tried to solve this, most of the times, at least in Drupal 7, it was that a big party stepped in, right? During the Drupal 7 UX project, Acya stepped in and really funded Mark Bolton and Liza Wright-Shelt to work on all of the UX in Drupal 7. And it really, I think it propelled a significant amount of activity in just the community, but also in actually changing the product. And in Drupal 8, I think they're trying to do something similar, but a little bit of a different model. And again, they're trying to propel significant improvements to the UX of Drupal. But I think this is also a sign of a clear structural problem, that there's just one company that's jumping in to help out on UX. And I think the structural reason that this is, is because we have a very small product community. I think we have a very big community that works on the framework, or at least the high technical challenges, but we have a very small community that works just on kind of the end user features. And I think that's really the core reason why UX doesn't progress as much as it, at least as we want it to be. Because it's really not the lack of designers, but it's really the kind of powerless position that they're in, in terms of executing upon UX IDs. So in terms of solutions, how we could solve this, and I would really like to see more discussion about this, is I think we can learn from things, for example, that did went well when it comes to D7 UX. One of the things that went well with D7 UX is that because of the continuous kind of funding of development activity, a lot of other activity spiraled, like the loan warriors would work on one feature, got their feedback, got their reviews. And it was really that continuous activity that also spiraled into continuous improvements to Drupal Core. So whenever people see Drupal Core moving, even from a visual standpoint, just by changing features, changing how it looks, people get the feeling that it's moving and they can contribute it to it. And that's not the case right now. We haven't really changed that much. And I think it's also the very open design process. We've tried to mimic that in the usability group now, but it's very difficult to do that kind of intense process. So I think those are some of the solutions if we try to bring that back into the Drupal 8 development or maybe Drupal 9 development that continues in your funded development and momentum by doing a lot of smaller changes is when we can get more activity and kind of grow that product focused community. And that's about it. Any questions, discussions? Sure. So how much do you look at these and just compare with the standards for Drupal Core? Yeah. So we actually did that. We have a research post up on kind of the research that we did for the content creation post. And we looked at a number of like very commonly used contract modules like, yeah, so FieldGrop, which I think, in combination with this which there's all kinds of things you can do from horizontal to vertical, vertical tabs and different kinds of groupings. So we did look at that and we always try to take inspiration from Contrib because that's often where things are experimented. And especially with distros now, I think they're pushing the brownies in terms of UX and things we can incorporate. Sure. Yeah, and I was just looking at the following. We have a... Sure. Other? Yeah, sure. So, well, in terms of Spark, we have been in discussion. I mean, we haven't been in discussion about the mobile stuff, but we have been in discussion about the inline anything and the layout configuration. I think the plan moving forward is that they decide what they're going to push towards core. And we're going to decide whether we're going to take that as input or whether we're going to actually take over those IDs. Especially for mobile, it's true. I think the Ember design that they did is very different. And there are some good qualities to that. There are some bad qualities to that. So it's likely that we're just going to flip and merge whatever good things and then move forward. At least that's the idea. Sure. I actually have a question that I wanted to follow up to. I feel like the Spark demos were really fascinating, really interesting. And I'm not sure that they did something completely different. I think what they did is they took Lewis's stuff, which was really focused just for mobile navigation and not looking at the desktop side. And the Spark team tried to integrate those into a cohesive navigation experience that works in both spaces. And they used Lewis's work as an inspiration and reused some of that stuff. So I don't feel like they threw it out and did something different. That's my opinion. And my question is like sort of about UX resources. What sort of things that do you feel like are good things for to get more UX people? Do you need like people trying to analyze problems and sort of come up with the pain points in order to create sets of criteria? Do you need people then, you know, coming up with ideas to... There's this UX process that I don't see happening on a lot of issues. Can we get developers working on creating sets of criteria? Can we improve that bit of the process and make resourcing easier for UX? Right. Well, I mean, in terms of the process, I mean, the UX process is a bit weird, right? Because we're three people. So on some issues, we decide this is a big issue. We're going to try and add process to this. You know, for example, with the module page redesign, with the content creation redesign, with the blocks layout, we decide, you know, we're going to take our full process and we're first going to do research prototyping, then we're going to design something and then we're going to validate that design again and see, you know, how far it is. But for a lot of small issues, that's just not feasible in terms of resources. In terms of resources we would like to see there is, I think, yeah, more interaction designers. We have a bit of researchers now and we can actually put up a research test plan and actually perform it within two weeks. So that's really good. But yeah, we don't have a lot of interaction designers. And then, as I was saying, we really don't have the development capacity to execute upon those ideas. I think a lot of good ideas are still lingering in the queue, you know, just adding search to the content listing, for example. That's been in there for like two or three years and there's just no one to execute upon. Does that answer your question? Yeah, thanks. First of all, congrats to the graduation. Thank you. And also, I believe I'm myself, mostly a site builder and that's big enough task than having time and then also to have time to learn to code. So basically, I don't have the time to become the skilled developer. I need to be able to contribute modules and improvement myself. But I think we have also like a language barrier between us who work in the UI and those who work in code. And we need to some way or other find a way to better communicate between us that we can transfer the experience we gathered over the years as site builders and the knowledge we have from talking to clients on what they need in the editorial UIs and what we need to be able to configure and create those features on the sites. More ways of teaming up with developers. So it's a difficult thing, but I don't think communication is necessarily a very big challenge if we, as UX designers at least, communicate our proposals very thoroughly. We've learned that over the years whenever we have a design proposal that's very timid in terms of its scope and in terms of its argumentation that we scare developers away because they feel we haven't really thought it through much. So we always try to do our research part and to really put out a very thorough and complete proposal. And I think that's the way right now at least it works better. If there's a language barrier there, I think there is a perceived language barrier, but that's taken away by writing very full proposals being very complete in the design that you suggest. Okay, and follow up. I took a look at the UI-standard document and it's quite sparse and what I would like to see in there is also like examples and recommendations for module developers on when to use permissions, when global configurations to be used and those kind of things. Yeah, I think the UI standards as we have them now are very basic. So they're not guiding the developer, they're just saying how to apply a specific pattern. So it's not ideal. I think we can complement much more if we figure out what the steps are every developer takes in deciding what UI element to use. All right, thank you. Other questions? Well, so I think the developer case is obviously that their clients in the upcoming years are going to be able to use a more usable droop rate. I think that's the primary use case. In terms of, well, community like exposure and maybe in that sense business exposure, I think Spark is a great example. I mean, it got a lot of exposure that they were trying to tackle this very difficult thing in Drupal. So as other companies come in, I hope they can get that same kind of exposure just by showing they want to contribute really cool stuff. I can add a few business cases for companies who'd like to contribute to UX. One of them is less service questions, perhaps even less training, less time in customizing their own UX, sorry, customizing their own administration. From my point of view, if they do a professional job, they do and they don't use the standard core administration because it doesn't scale to realistic sizes. So a few things from my experience as a trainer and being very closely related to end users. Yeah, I think especially on that second point of the administrative screens, I think before Drupal 7, we saw a lot of custom teams, companies building their own administrative team. Now that 7 is out with the 7 team, we see a whole lot less of that because people feel 7 is a good standard and we can maybe expand on that. Rather than having to completely invent their own. I think you had a question? Yeah, yeah, yeah. So to put up on my previous one, on many sites, you have complex performance, a lot of fields. I'm afraid that those focus on a simple side and then you get like 10 more menu items and then it breaks, something like that. Are your fields and now we have our solutions, our custom methods in concrete where we have put everything we do and then you say, okay, I have something better for you and you know how I like to look for on the phone that and suddenly it will work and work. So okay, I think one answer would be to have some flexibility that this is just a suggestion that can be used and that concrete can develop something that's the other would be that you have to really consider all different. So I mean, we always try to design for the 80%. I mean, as you were saying, that's like the common practice and I think we explicitly try not to design for the extreme cases because it's a very resource intensive to do that. You have to do a lot of research to figure out if we have, you know, from 100 items to 500 items, there's a whole lot of different things that you can do to make it more usable and that's where we think that's pretty much the space where Contrap has to come in and something we don't have the resources for to design but also we don't want to design for because then it makes the other 80% less focused. So it's a trade-off, yeah. Right, right, right. I mean, we trust on the development community to implement it in such a way that it can always be extended. Okay, last question. Two, it's both. It's stuck in design in terms of we don't know how we're going to group things. All the other stuff we've kind of figured out but we don't know how we're going to logically group stuff so it might be that we are not going to solve that. In terms of implementation, well, Jen Lamplin can probably tell you more about this but we have one row and this is an accessibility issue because, well, collapsing rows in tables isn't very common. So there's few accessibility issues on how to make that happen so that's, I guess, an implementation blocker. All right, that was it. All right, thank you.


So, let's see if copper in its common ion, or its plus one ion, they'll say, are paramagnetic or diamagnetic. A paramagnetic means affected by the external magnetic field, okay? So how do we do that? Let's write copper. So copper is Cu. The next thing I want you to do is write the electron configuration or the partial electron configuration of copper. So when we look at copper, we say, well, argons, the noble gas before, and then we've got 4s2 electrons, but with copper, right, it's 4s2, 3d9, so that 9 is almost 10, so what's it going to do? It's going to promote that electron today. Everybody's okay with that, right? So now let's write the partial orbital diagram for this. Okay, so if you want to, you can help me out, but you don't, that's cool, too, but tell me if this is correct. So if we were looking at the, so this is for copper, right, let's look at the copper plus one ion. Let's talk about this one really quick. Will this be affected by a magnetic field? Yeah. Yeah, right? Why? One unpaired electron. One unpaired electron, right? So we say this is para-magnetic. Now let's look at the copper plus one ion. So where is that electron going to be removed from, bless you, before s, right? So no electron there. So does this have any unpaired electrons? No. So would it be affected by a nice turn on magnetic field? No. So we call this diamagnetic. So I hope this emphasizes what we're talking about here. Is everybody okay with what's going on? Got unpaired? You're going to be para-magnetic? You don't? Diamagnetic. Okay? Any questions on this stuff? Is that only work for the... Works for anything with an unpaired electron? So if, for example, I said, does sodium have unpaired electrons? Yeah. Yeah, one. So is it para-magnetic or diamagnetic? Para-magnetic. Okay? Is it cool with that? Yep. Okay.


Hey everyone, Cody again, and welcome to the final installment of the Cobway. In our previous videos, we learned about the power of the access port and what it does. Then we turned our focus to hard parts and how Cobb stage packages can take the guesswork out of a potentially confusing and often costly upgrade. So now that you've completed those steps, where do you go next? Maybe you're ready to go beyond those parts, or maybe you just want to custom tailor the tune of your car for either different fuels or elevation. Then welcome to the world of custom tuning with access port and access tuner. So what is custom tuning? Custom tuning means fine tuning, either an existing Cobb off the shelf map or creating a new one from scratch to gain the maximum performance from your setup. Think of it this way, an off the shelf map is like if you were to go to the store and buy a suit right off the rack. It'll fit well and it'll look great on you, but there's still room for improvement. From there, you take that suit and get it custom tailored to your body type, weight, and height. Now you have a suit that's been fine tuned just for you. That's custom tuning in a nutshell, and you can do this and more using access tuner software. Access tuner is software that works with your access port to gain access to the vehicle's ECU so that you can alter and flash the custom tunes you create. The layout is simple and user friendly. On the top left of the screen, you'll find the table list for all adjustable parameters. When you select a table, the description appears below them, along with the editable table view and a graph view. From there, you can select a specific cell or group of cells and enter different values to make the adjustments. You can also right click over them to see other editing options. Within access tuner, there are two different types of workflows. You can either make all of the adjustments on your computer, then transfer the map to your access port and flash your car, or you can make changes to your map on the fly with pass through flashing. Now this is when the computer is directly connected to the access port via USB. This gives access tuner direct communication with the ECU and simultaneously flashes the new map while saving it to your access port. Now this is a great way to work because not only will you be able to make changes and see the results immediately, but you'll also be able to take advantage of some really cool features like real time flashing on some models, dashboard with real time gauge viewing, live tracing, and data logging directly to your computer. Also, every copy of access tuner comes with a manufacturer specific tuning guide built right into the help menu, which can walk you through what you need to know to custom tune or can help you out if you have an issue. One note, as easy as it is to create new maps and access tuner, this should only be done by pro tuners or advanced users with a strong knowledge base of what each parameter does and how it will affect your car. We also recommend that even advanced tuners read through the tuning guide before getting started. And that completes the cobway. An upgrade path can meticulously design to provide you with everything you need to go from a bone stock car to a powerful yet drivable daily smile making machine. The cobway. Should there be any other way? For more information, visit cobtuning.com forward slash access tuner or to find a pro tuner in your area, go to cobtuning.com forward slash pro tuners.