Ukrainian security service on explosions at Russian oil refineries, these are our legitimate targets. Over the past few months, the special services have managed to significantly reduce the export of Russian oil products. And Russia's oil refining facilities are legitimate targets for the security service of Ukraine, says its head Vasyl Malyuk. Today we have a lot of trophies and the work with drones is divided into several zones. The front line and 20 km deep, 20 to 40 km, 40 to 120 km and 120 km plus. All of you are witnesses to the number of enemy targets that have been destroyed, said the security service of Ukraine. According to Vasyl Malyuk, over the past two months a large number of enemy oil refineries have been hit. In fact, the special services managed to reduce the export of oil produced by one third. 55% of their military budget is foreign exchange earnings from the export of oil products. These are our legitimate targets, Malyuk said. Recently explosions were heard in the Russian city of Lipets and Russians immediately complained about the drone attack. Later the network reported that a fire broke out on the territory of a local metallurgic plant. In addition, the moment of the explosion was caught on video. The governor of the Lipets region confirmed the fire at the plant but claimed that there were no casualties. Ukraine will not lose this war as we have no other alternatives. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said at a press conference held on the sidelines of the forum held in capital Kiev. He said that Ukraine lost 31,000 soldiers while Russia lost 180,000 soldiers in the war. I am convinced that Ukraine will not lose this war. The most difficult period was two years ago on February 24. We will offer a platform where Russian President can agree that he lost the war and that the war was a mistake. If we lose the war, we will not exist anymore. Whether we lose or not depends on the support from our partners. If we are strong and if we have weapons, we will win this war added Zelensky. It is not important who from that side confirms or does not. Or does not accept this initiative. And we have shown that let's work in such a format. If it does not work, we will still go to the realization of the corridor with our own forces. This is how the year went by. We worked on the initiative. I am grateful to our partners. After this, Russia confirmed that they cannot be trusted. They came out of the initiative, but we were already ready to go to the green corridor. It was very important. We did not support our partners. We showed that we are for the law, for the right peace. We went to such a format of the green initiative. From my side, the partners saw that Russia cannot be trusted. But Russia could not do anything. So it went. It is positive. And it was an important result during the war. The same goes for Samito. When the countries prepare the right document, the document will be fair. It does not mean that Russia will accept this document. Nobody can guarantee who will be there. We do not know. But in any case, we say that this document will be the same as in the format of the green initiative. The initiative of this document will be presented to the speakers. In the other format, as long as this format does not exist, it will be presented to the Russian side. And we will be ready for the second summit to the corresponding diplomatic steps of the right peace. And the end of the war is our initiative. And we want to know as much as possible the country of the world. We should move forward. I really do not want that after the elections in different countries of the world, and this is the year of different elections, I do not want to appear from a non-democratic country, or from very democratic countries, to appear my initiative, my own initiative, which would not coincide with the interests of the country that is in the war today.


The federal government on Wednesday claimed that it has solved the power outage being experienced across the country. However, the government blamed pipeline vandalism, greed, collapses, among other challenges as causes of the recurrent nationwide blackout. The Minister of Power, Abubakar Aliou, disclosed this while briefing state House correspondents. This was after the week's virtual Federal Executive Council meeting, FAC meeting, presided over by Vice President Yamashibajo. But we are now being joined by O'Neill Lajewamy, an energy expert. We're glad to have you with us, O'Neill. Thank you. Thank you, Maureen. Thanks for having me. Well, the national grid collapsed twice in 48 hours. It's 206 in a decade now. All right. So 206 times in 10 years. In 10 years. So add that to the current fear crisis that Nigerians are going through and just paint a picture. You probably have a horror movie, Star in a Shoe. I know. I know, right? I think there's a joke about every Nigerian should make it to heaven because of the hardship. I must say it's really hard being a Nigerian. Yeah. Really sad. Okay. So this is more often than not blamed on the activities of vandals. How come we are at this point, over and over again, we have all these kind of excuses being made? How is it that a country as big as this country cannot secure its facilities? Now, I really think it's on seriousness in the Nigerian entity itself, the government on its own, not being able to pivot past where we are at the moment. I'm afraid to tell you there's no solution to this now, relying on the grid. So if you look at Nigeria power sector, it's heavily relied on the national grid and I explained the grid is an interconnected transmission network, which is connected to generators, gas and gas generators and thermal plants, hydro power, what not. There's a wide range of load. So any disruption along this grid will result to collapse and some of them, for example, from what we've learned yesterday, the grid collapsed like you've rightfully said was caused by gas vandalism. Well, unplanned downtime in one of the power plants. So the way the grid is modelled is there must be a stable grid at every point in time. Right now, we're floating around 4000 megawatts in Nigeria, which is a big smile. 4000 megawatts for 198 million people. Yeah, we've been on it for a long time. South Africa generates 58.5, is it up to 60,000 megawatts? And they are just 58 million people. Correct, correct. And we're doing 4000 for a population of 200 million people. So it tells you that we're in a terrible situation. I mean, TCN admitted that the grid collapse is not going to end. It's not going to be solved in any way. Like, I've been clamoring for decentralization of power, all right? You cannot be generating power in far, you know, up high. By the way, the three power plants that cause the grid collapse has been identified. You have the Oqba'i, Ajip. You have the Kalaba'i power plant. And then you also have the... Is it the Shiroro? No, not the Shiroro. Oqba'i, Kalaba'i. And I think the one where NDPHC, Nigeria's a power holding company. OK. Sorry. I think that... Anyway, just throw out them. Let's move on. Three of them collapse and somewhere as a result of vandalism, pipeline vandalism. And it was unplanned, unscheduled maintenance that just the power plant went down. But of course, when there's stability or cause, the power drops on the grid and it collapses. So that's just basically what's happening. But again, they could have been a solution. I'll let you speak and maybe I'll come back to that. Well, one would have thought that, you know, we had NEPA. And then a whole lot of stuff happened and the discos and the jencos came on board. And we thought, with all of that, we're probably going to have some sort of relief. I don't know, what's the difference between when it was NEPA and now that is... Well, the past, it was privatized in 2013. And that's when the distribution companies were, you know, privatized. And then you have the generation companies, jencos and discos. But again, that was meant to increase the investments in the sector. But unfortunately, there's been a lot of losses. You know, coupled with a lot of blame game. One is the federal government not keeping to the terms, you know, that the discos signed on to. For example, I think yesterday or so, the discos, the distribution companies complained about the debt, which is about 140 billion being owed by some of the federal government institutions. So, coupled with the tariff that was being used for the simulation of the tariff, sorry, the effects, you know. So there's a lot of trouble. The issues all boil around regulatory framework, all right? A serious sense about government adhering to the regulation itself, keeping to the regulation. I mean, imagine if we're going to own an electricity bill. I mean, how do you expect the discos to cope? There are very few of the discos that are really able to really put their heads over water. So it's just a quagmire we find ourselves in. You know, you started by saying there is no solution to this. Well, the federal government claimed that it has solved the power outage problem. Contrary statements here. Yeah, I mean, today I think it was 459, the minister, Bwabaka Ali did mention that it's been restored. The grid has been restored. The grid has been restored. The grid will collapse again because we don't have what is called a spinning reserve. There should be a spinning reserve that backs up the grid, all right? So when you have a drop in the power supply on the grid, it makes it unstable, unstable rather, and then the grid shuts, all right? But if you have that situation, there should be a spinning reserve that comes in, that shoots into the grid and backs up. We don't have that back up. You know, I've had the privilege of speaking with energy experts such as yourself over time. And when you listen to them, they profess such amazing solutions. They talk about it a lot. And we had Bert Inagi at some point who advocated for coal. Where are we in all of this? So the thing is, like very well said, you can have coal in Enugu, generate power, fine. You could have, we have hydropower. By the way, 80% of the power generation is through gas thermal plants. 20% is hydropower. You can have solar. There's a lot of developments going on in off grid. I must tell you that. I must give it to, I mean, you may not see it now, but a lot of people, even in rural areas in Genter, in 4 hours power. Because our power is decentralized through a solar hybrid mini grid. They are currently operating. They are universities currently on 24 hours power. So why don't all the states, or at least a whole large number of the states, generate their own power? That's exactly what I'm saying about decentralization. The power sector, the power supply must be decentralized. You cannot rely on the grid coming all the way from Sapele to Oshobo, the control center, and then feeding legacies. Okay, so what is the problem? Is it that the state governments themselves are not active enough, they're not making themselves viable enough, or is the federal government stopping them from taking the move? Well, it's been that for a long time. I mean, the regulatory issue around it was to be 40. But I understand, I think last month or so, the state were clamoring for their own, to be able to generate their own power. I think I said that was passed. I'm not sure. I need to check it out. But if, for example, a state as serious as legal state can provide 24 hours power to a citizen by getting off the national grid, and I'm very telling you, there are serious people that can do this. Okay, well, we just hope that that happens. O'Neill Alajwamy, energy expert has been our guest as we take a look at the energy situation in the country. Thank you so much for your time. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


So, I've decided to start putting out some quicker, more regular, much easier to produce videos and articles, focusing on news that comes out of the games I'm interested in. I'm almost finished with my dead cells analysis, but in the meantime, we're gonna have to talk about Destiny 2 again. Destiny 2 finally put up their anticipated blog post explaining where they intend to take the game in the coming months and years. I debated how best to structure this before deciding on just riffing on the stuff I thought particularly noteworthy. First off, the blog post was, indeed, more communicative than Bungie has been before. And considering that most of the blog post has made up of vague promises with vague timelines about vague fixes, that really does show just how terrible the developer has been at managing the game. Although one blog post doesn't make up for the three and a half years of failure and crisis that Destiny 1 and 2 have gone through, it's better than nothing. And if playing 1500 hours of Destiny 1 and 2 has taught me anything, it's to lower my expectations. Let's hop to it, and as always, if you like what I have to say or how I sound saying it, do us both a favor and click on the share and subscribe buttons and then comment down below. First off, the team at Bungie provided this helpful graphic that explains visually the difference between DLC, updates, and microtransactions. I don't think anyone actually needed this explained, and in fact, I don't think locking people out of endgame activities was even the main problem. The problem was locking people out of endgame activities three months after launch, and in the case of PC players, something like 40 days, Destiny 2 is a much, much smaller game than year 3 Destiny 1. This is a value proposition. There was a terrible outcry not because people aren't used to DLC locking them out of activities, but three months after launch in a game that's struggling mightily with not having enough content, this was made even worse by the DLC itself not being worth $20. The quote-unquote campaign was short, boring, and repetitive, and a large chunk of it is spent running through procedurally generated platforms, fighting the same enemies you've been fighting for three and a half years. If Bungie wants to address the lack of confidence fans have and the anger they felt at the DLC release, they need to greatly increase the value they are providing. The curse of Osiris felt like a free update in scope and size. Instead, it cost $20 and locked players out of some of the only interesting content left for them to do. Going forward, Iron Banner, Trials of the Nine, and Endgame Playlist will not lock out people who didn't buy the DLC. I'm thinking this means that no DLC strikes can be the nightfall or the heroic playlist, but we'll see, I guess. Extorting your players to purchase DLC or have their already purchased game shrink was always shitty and unnecessary. Bungie would be better off just making DLC content that people want to buy rather than trying to force people to buy it or have their original purchase lose value. Speaking of value, the next section up is on microtransactions. Games are meticulously designed, especially a huge, polished, massively expensive game like Destiny 2. Because games like Destiny 2 are carefully crafted by hundreds of people with oversight from executives with decades of experience in the business, we can rest assured that nothing in these games was done by accident. Are there going to be problems that slip through development? Of course. Every game, no matter how polished, will have its share of bugs and balance issues. That's to be expected. But something as important to the financial health of Bungie as the eververse microtransactions store has been meticulously and thoughtfully designed. Bungie has a habit of responding to criticism of their design by saying things like, hey, we hear you and this was never our intention. So this part right here, this bothers me. We recognize that the scales are tipped too far towards tests at the moment and eververse was never intended to be a substitute for end game content and rewards. So we'll be making three changes for upcoming seasons. Now the eververse was clearly and obviously designed to be just that. It's not an accident that more than half of the loot added to Curse of Osiris was not available in the game, but only through the microtransactions store. That's a design decision. And this design decision hasn't only had a negative effect on loot drops and a reward system. In order to have enough content to sell, Bungie had to radically alter other aspects of the design. Shaders were made consumable for one reason, to have more things to sell in the store. Armor was made almost entirely cosmetic, further diluting what little bill of diversity existed in the first place, only to avoid having to deal with a pay-to-win scandal. This is exactly what Bungie intended. Now, how can I say that with total confidence? Because this is the game that Bungie created. Trust is a funny thing, man. You have it until you lose it and the only way to get it back isn't just transparency, it's honesty. What I really wanted to see in this section was something like this. And Bungie, you can use this free of charge, this is yours. Bungie is a business. While we love our players and are committed to providing a fun, engaging, ongoing experience, we also have a duty to our investors and partners and ourselves to be as successful a company as we can be. With the industry moving towards an ongoing monetization model, we owed it to ourselves and our publisher and investors to investigate how to best balance the needs of our players with the needs of our business. We did a really bad job at that and we apologize. Many of the issues you've had with Destiny 2 are indeed the result of us doing a bad job integrating our micro transaction model. And many of the changes we made in the name of revenue are baked into the game at core levels and will take time to fix. But understand that we realize we've gone too far, too fast and plan on fixing it. We're sorry, going forward we'll do a better job selling you stuff that you want that doesn't break the game in other places. Now that's not what that says up there. What Bungie says is, we realize you don't like the way micro transactions are handled in the game. We don't know how that happened. Somebody must have broken at night and messed with our code. Don't worry, we're going to find that person and get them fired from wherever they work. In the meantime, we're going to start making it less obviously odious. Thanks for the heads up guys. We might never have realized this happened, lol. Anyway, the solutions on offer are fine, I guess. Not nearly enough and with only vague statements, adding ghosts, sparrows, and ships to the regular loot pool is so obvious they don't get credit for that. This isn't a free to play game. This is a $60 game that wants to sell me $40 of DLC a year. Micro transactions are extra money for Destiny. And having a huge percentage of loot in your loot game, not drop is loot, but rather from buying shitty loot boxes is insulting and game breaking and adding things back into the pool is a must. We've got a real problem with loot not dropping in the game anymore. Engrens have always been a thing, but in Destiny 1, actual gear often drops from enemies and activities. In Destiny 2, almost everything comes from vendors or tokens or engrens or loot boxes. It is aggressively unfun and needs to be changed. That's not an offer, apparently.  This is unacceptable. Finally, this doesn't address one of the four problems with Destiny 2. As I've said before, the inclusion of armor in the micro transaction store all but assured that armor would be changed to be almost completely cosmetic, as the original Taken King Everest armor set had to deal with the pay-to-win controversy. And honestly, it really wasn't pay-to-win, but it was still pretty shitty. Sensitive to those issues, Bungie decided to just make armor cosmetic this time, further watering down the game. I can think of dozens of better ways to monetize armor that don't include making the game actively less fun to play. One that players have asked for forever, for instance. Transmogrification. Have the Eververse store sell skins that change the appearance of your armor to any other armor set in the game, as long as you've acquired one piece somewhere in the game itself. This allows everything to drop out in the world. It gives players a reason to actually go hunting for specific armor pieces. Make them armor blueprints, if you want. It doesn't require you to nerf armor into uselessness and provides the Eververse store with something of actual value to players that they would want to buy. You can sell the skins directly for silver and have loot boxes that contain a random blueprint for people who actually enjoy the loot box thing. Now onto the important stuff. Let me just say that the Masterwork weapons and armor aren't even close to enough. Not even close, man. Basically, these pieces are like grinding to get armor and weapons that still aren't as good as average legendaries from Destiny 1. I'll save my thoughts on this for the section where they actually belong, which is in the section on that absolutely terrible, useless, pointless, bungled mod system. But first, let's get into the section where Bungie promises to spend the next year slowly turning Destiny 2 into the most faithful re-skin of Destiny 1 that they can before the sequel hits. Alright, so they're gonna spend time making sure the items that drop from the raid actually drop from the raid.    Strike scoring like Destiny 1, except with layless strikes that are mostly much less interesting and well designed than D1 strikes.  Play the D2 strike playlist for an hour, then boot up Destiny 1 and play that strike list. They are so much better, it's depressing. They're gonna go back to the Destiny 1 Nightfall instead of the terrible time to Nightfall. It will apparently take until spring of this year to add back interesting modifiers to the strike playlist. We'll get six versus six groupsable, more than one crucible playlist, private matches, man, it goes on and on. This blog post is a de facto admission that a huge percentage of Destiny 2 development was spent on things that were worse in every way than the game they already had. It's gonna take almost a full year for Bungie to make Destiny 2 into a Destiny game. This entire list is basically a roadmap back to Destiny 1, which is amazing and sad and not nearly fast enough if they intend to keep trying to sell me DLC.  They say it'll take several months to not have duplicate exotics constantly drop. By the way, the solution for that?  Under the fall of 2018 section, it lists every aspect of the game with the word improvement next to them, including weapon slot and archetype improvements, which I can only take to mean trying to get back to the Destiny 1 weapon system. But you'll have to purchase the $40 Taken King style expansion for that. So in about one year and $100 for now, you'll have a game almost as good but much smaller than the game it replaced. In my opinion, the most important thing in the entire blog post is this section. They say they're reworking mods. This will either make or break the game. Bungie's lucky they have this mod system in the game because it's the easiest way to finally get some interesting gameplay back in there. If they stay true to form, the rework is gonna be a 6% increase in mod effect but if they actually want to give people a reason to play, they'll start making powerful, interesting mods. Things like 25% increased damage against Hive Knights or significantly increased movement speed and jump height. They need to put four mod slots on each piece of gear and give players hundreds of mods to choose from. Everything from burns to increased range to increased reload speed, super and grenade cruel down all those things get creative. Bungie, your game has set thousands of years in the future and it features space ninja wizards. Think of something interesting. Don't approach this as something that needs to be tweaked to alter the way it rewards players and interacts with D2's gameplay. Approach this as finally adding something truly significant to the way the game is played. Use this system to make Destiny 2 an actual sequel to Destiny 1, not a reboot because I don't want to spend $140 on a reboot of Destiny 1, I have Destiny 1. It's still on my Xbox. If they know what they're doing, they can save the game with this system. But only if they actually make it fun and give players the ability to have diverse and interesting builds. Bungie's flirtation with the casual fan has failed. You can't get casual players to stick with the game for a thousand hours. Games should be accessible to all of course but even an MMO light needs to focus on its core audience. I'm not the audience who was only gonna pop in to see what all the fuss was about. If they're so terrified about ruining the balance in their second rate PVP game, they can deactivate all mods in certain PVP modes. Mods are the only thing that have a chance to bring me back to this game and I have very little faith that will happen because frankly, nowhere in this document does Mr. Barrett acknowledge the main problem with Destiny 2. It's less fun than Destiny 1. All the other stuff wouldn't be nearly as big a problem if the game was fun. They need to use the mod system to take the gameplay further than Destiny 1. They need to inject depth, strategy and build diversity into the gameplay. If they do that, I might be making a video about Destiny 2's amazing comeback. If they announce in February that they're making existing mods slightly more powerful, I think honestly I've probably played Destiny 2 for the last time. So am I satisfied with this? Not really. It's just a list of things that players have been complaining about. Some of them like ranked play and multi emotes literally for years. It gives a timeline of solutions but only very vague explanations of those solutions. This is being reworked. That's being rebalanced. The other thing is being explored. None of that gives me any confidence. They've been using language like this forever. And coming from a team who just recently wrapped up developing this total mess of a game, they haven't earned any trust at all. For instance, there was nothing in there about fixing the terrible progression tree for dummies they've built. I still have hope that someone at Bungie will realize what can be done but the main problems of the game are that there isn't enough to do. The gameplay and build diversity are too shallow and planned. The gear and strikes are too few and not fun enough. And none of those things can be fixed by anything in this document unless I'm wrong and Bungie actually does what I would want them to do with the mod system. With all that being said though, this really is an amazing document. It's at least finally a tepid admission that everything that was changed in D2 was a mistake. It's not so much a roadmap for the future as it is a diagram of a U-turn. But it shouldn't take one full year to pull off even the trickiest three point turn and I shouldn't have to pay them 60 more dollars for them to back their van off of my mailbox. All right, thanks for coming. See you next time.


transitional justice in Ukraine with Dmitry Koval, Dmitro Koval, who joins us from Kiev right now today here on Think Tech. Welcome to the show, Dmitro. Thank you, Jay. My pleasure to be here. Well, you know, you're right in the middle of it, or at least in the northeast middle of it. And I would like to talk to you about all the various factors that point to the future. And, you know, get your opinions and perspectives on what is happening and what will happen. So there are some things that are clearly optimistic. And I think Volodymyr Zelensky has to get points. He's been a very good strategist, and he keeps on doing the right thing. And you've got to give him credit for getting as far as he has defending Ukraine and, in fact, advancing back on the Russians. But what do people think about his strategical capabilities? It's hard to say just like that what they think about his strategical capabilities, because I would say that there are two pictures of Zelensky, at least two for now. The one is the president Zelensky, the president during the peacetime. And probably many considered him as not the best president or president with his own flaws. But there is also this picture of Zelensky during the wartime. And this picture for many is very positive, since he was able to hold for so long against Russian army. And now he is basically moderating. And he is the one who leads the counteroffensive against the Russian forces. And also he represents Ukraine on the international arena really brightly. You see all those speeches in different parliaments. You see how he energizes the West and the whole international community to support Ukraine, but not only to support Ukraine, but also to support democracy, support human rights, and act against aggression and totalitarianism. So that's definitely impressive. And for these he receives his positive feedbacks, not only from Ukrainians, but also from Europeans and Americans and many other nations. You know, he has been successful in bringing the EU together behind him and bringing the US behind him and sort of galvanizing NATO behind him. But you know, we live in a world of change, Dmitryov. Everything changes. It seems to me that things change more quickly now. We're not used to all the changes and the rapidity of the changes. And so you have changes among the countries in the EU. You have issues, for example, in France with Marina Le Pen and her friends. And now you have a very strange election in Italy, which really should have learned its lesson in World War II, but didn't. And now it's moving to the right through a more fascist approach. And although she seems to have changed her tune through the course of her campaign, Georgia Maloney seems to be kind of on the right side of things and tending to autocracy and, if you will, fascism. And this is not good because she has made statements. She's trying to take them back now, walk them back, but he's made statements that indicate she wants to pull her support from the EU, from NATO, and from Ukraine. So those two countries and their significant countries seem to me to be problematic and stand in the way of optimism about EU and NATO. What do you think? I would not pretend that I am an expert in international relations and politics in France and Italy, but from my standpoint, it's too early probably to call those elections a defeat of Europe or the huge issue for the security in Europe. First of all, in France, Le Pen lost her elections and it was not the first election that she lost. It was the second election basically that she lost to Macron. And there were more that she lost to other political forces, political parties and figures. So it's a big issue whether she survives these laws and actually continues as one of the leading politicians in France. So we'll see what happens with Europe. But for now, there is, I would say, a centrist coalition in the French parliament. There is a president who also tries to portray himself as a centrist and we have, I believe, quite strong support of France. And when it comes to Italy, you very rightly noticed that the winner of these elections changed her tone throughout the election and now she sounds more like not ultra right, but just right, which is, of course, better than it was before. Moreover, in Italy we see quite a dramatic change in their attitudes towards Ukraine and Russia. One of the things that I should mention here probably is that three regions of Italy formally recognized Crimea as part of Russia. So contrary to the Italian position, they said that Russia legally occupied or legally attached Crimea to its territory. But now after February 24, they changed their position. So this dramatic change shows us that even those who earlier sympathized to Putin, they are now more, the war opened their eyes, I would say, and they now see much clearer than they saw before. So maybe this change to the right in Italian politics would not mean as much as we now think that it might mean. I mean, we'll see again. We'll see. In Germany, I admire Germany. I certainly admire it while Angela Merkel was there and I admire their leadership, if you will, the part of Ukraine. And in dealing with the migrants, that was a very tough issue for them. But it's going to get cold, Dmitry. It's going to get cold and there's energy problems and heat problems in Germany and other countries in Western Europe. And do you think that that affects the calculus here? Will that affect how the EU sees this issue when they start getting cold and they don't have enough energy? First of all, I would not say that Germany was leading European efforts of the support towards Ukraine. I don't want to sound ungrateful. Definitely, Germany did a lot for supporting Ukraine, both in terms of financial support, in terms of hosting our people who left the war and also providing some materials, some weapons, etc. But at the same time, there are lots of issues that are unresolved in terms of our relations with Germany. For instance, we are asking for some machines, some military vehicles that we are not receiving for quite some time. There are also some misunderstandings with regards to energy, security of Europe. Ukraine insisted that this North Stream 2 is a bad idea. It insisted for quite some time on this, but we were not heard in Berlin. So, there are quite a few issues that don't allow me to say that Germany is leading the efforts of the European Union. I would say that rather Baltic states or Poland are leading those efforts. Speaking about this winter, from what we are hearing from Schultz and other European politicians, Europe prepared itself to call the winter. In some countries, the use of natural gas from Russia dropped 50% by now. That's a really dramatic decrease. In other countries, there are strategies in place on how to deal with the situation that Europe will face this winter. There are some contracts with Qatar, with United Arab Emirates. There is an increase of gas supply from Norway and the United States. Hopefully, this will help to survive this winter, not, of course, develop as it was last year, not have the same level of comfort as it was before, but still, in terms of survival, in terms of some basic needs, they will be covered. That's for sure. How Tony Blinken was talking about international relations a couple of days ago on Sunday, and on 60 minutes, if you ever watched 60 minutes on CBS, American CBS. But I'm not sure that I get that he is doing, and that Joe Biden is doing, what we would have expected in terms of getting the funding, getting the weapons on to Ukraine. How do people feel about their follow-through on those assurances? The mood changes all the time. During the first weeks of the war, there was this expectation probably unreasonable that United States will support Ukraine in all possible ways, including boots on the ground. But realistically, many didn't expect this to happen, because that would provoke even more aggression, as some say, from the Russian side, and that would maybe even end up in the Third World War. But this being said, the support that we are receiving from the United States is indeed huge, and people in Ukraine appreciate that a lot. They notice that they know about this, they know about the financial support, they know about military support, political support. So I would say that right now, the consensus that the United States is doing its best. Of course, with some weapons, with some systems, with some missiles, we would like to have them faster, but apart from the political side of these decisions concerning the supply of missiles, there is also a logistical issue. Sometimes we underestimate the logistical difficulty that any army, any side would face in delivering heavy machinery, heavy weapons from one continent to another. So I believe that on the balance, the United States is doing pretty well. We want that to continue, if not increase. But looking at Putin, we always need to look at Putin plus he's a psychopath. I mean that in the nicest possible way. So the first thing is he seems to be losing the support of the Russian people. The draft isn't working well. It's not organized. It's an administrative fiasco, and a lot of young men are opposing it and taking steps against it and leaving the country, as they have been doing since the war began. There are protests and the protests that existed at the beginning of the war look small now because the protests are much more widespread in Russia outside of Moscow, for example. And Putin, there have been calls in the western media for Putin to step down. In fact, reporting that there are those in Russia who would like to see him step down, that he's done. He's put a big bet on this adventure in Ukraine, and he's lost it already. Of course, that may not be exactly consistent with the reality, but I wonder what your thoughts are. Just how do people see people in Ukraine and for that matter in Russia? How do they see Putin and Putin's future as the leader of Russia? You know, the territory where I can easily fall into wishful thinking, though I will try my best not to do that. First of all, of course, Putin experiences some troubles in drafting, some troubles in supplying the newly drafted to either weapons, even with some basic weapons or bulletproof jackets or Kalashnikovs or something like that. There are problems even with his basic stuff. But I can't say right now that he will face even larger protests from Russian people and that would result in him resigning. It's really too early to call. It's hard to predict what will happen next. But I just want to highlight one tendency here. We should not try to think about those who are living in Russia right now as the supporters of democracy or as the opposition to Putin. Many of those who are living right now, they are not in opposition to Putin. They are not against this, as they call it, special military operation. They are living because they do not want to be killed. That's the explanation for many. I do not say that this motive explains the behavior of all those Russians who are living right now as territory of their country. But what we are seeing in different charts, telegram channels, Facebook groups, etc., many Russians who are living, they ask questions like, should we put a Z symbol on our cars or it's better to get it away from our car? What should we say to the border police? Should we say that we support Russian forces or we should rather keep quiet on that? There are all sorts of these discussions between the Russians themselves, those Russians who are waiting on the queue to leave Russia. My point is that we should not say that Russians who are leaving, they are in the opposition and that they will not return and gladly embrace Russia after the end of the armed conflict, which we are having now on the territory of Ukraine. But anyway, the brain draw that we are seeing in Russia will definitely have its impact on the Russian economy and the potential of Russian development. But for Putin, it's more about, right now it's more about a more, let's say, short-term goals. He's not thinking about the decade or two decades from now. He's thinking about a really very short-term result that he wants to achieve. For instance, to stop Ukrainian counteroffensive or to conquer the rest of the Donetsk region, which is still under Ukrainian control because almost 50% of the territory of the Donetsk region is under Ukrainian control even now, after he proclaimed that it's the primary goal of his military operation. So for these causes, he may mobilize every portion of resources that he possesses and because of that, he can just ignore the long-term consequences for the economy or for the country that this brain and this migration from Russia causes. What about these elections, these sham elections that he's set up in Donbas? Is anybody respecting them? Are people voting? How are they voting? We see a lot of videos from the occupied territories showing that usually the members of either occupation forces or members, some collaborators from the Ukrainian side, those who decided willingly to cooperate with Russia, because of course, as in any other situation, there are those who either think alike with the Russians or accepted some benefit that Russians propose. So we are seeing that those people are going around cities and they see just silence, so they can't reach to anyone on the occupied territory and to persuade them to vote. It's actually not a vote in its referendums, so it's the quasi-pull on whether those regions want to join Russia. But definitely it's not about people voting, it's just about creating the picture for own audience, for the internal audience of Russian Russians and for maybe some foreigners that would later support Russian position. There is no credibility of any kind behind this election, so it's not about credibility, it's not about legitimacy. It's rather about just a TV picture that will be shown for some world politicians and primarily for Russians themselves, just to show that Russia is facing this huge popular support on Ukrainian territory. So that is it. It's not a real referendum, it's just a mock referendum that Russia organizes. You know, over the last few weeks with Putin's various strategical failures in Eastern Ukraine and his failure to advance into Western Ukraine and a combination of the very brutal things that he's done, and I want to talk about that separately, he seems to have lost any remaining influence, any remaining support from a lot of people who were supporting him. I mean, it was really quiet at the United Nations, and in fact the Russian ambassador left. Was it the Russian foreign secretary or whoever it was? He left immediately after his remarks and his remarks didn't get much of a reception. Likewise, Xi Jinping is not particularly thrilled with the way things are going and he's taking steps to distance himself from Putin. And when you see the mass graves turn up, when you consider Bukha and all those other incidents and the demolition of so many residences and apartment buildings, and you connect all the dots on that, what you have is a Russia that's hard to be sympathetic with, and it's getting worse. Don't you agree?  Is he not? It looks like that indeed on the meeting of the Shanghai Organization of Cooperation he faced rather cool reception, not only by Xi Jinping but also by other leaders of the organization, even leaders from the states that he likes to see as his vessels, so the state that he never basically thought seriously about, like Kyrgyzstan or Tajikstan or some others. So indeed, he loses confidence of those who at first decided to wait and see what happens. But it's again probably too early to say that Xi Jinping turns his back on Russia. He probably would still play this game with Russia trying to receive as many benefits from the cooperation like resources or cheap goods that can come from Russia, and at the same time he won't go all in in supporting Russia, at least in the nearest future. So Putin is losing confidence that I agree, but I can't say that there is a dramatic change in the politics and perception of the leaders of such countries as India, China, Brazil, South Africa or others that are in the same league with Russia, let's say. Thank you. One last point probably, you asked about this sympathy that you can't feel towards the mass murderer, the person who organized the mass atrocities all over Ukraine. I wish it is easy like that, but probably in many situations world leaders, especially those who are ruling their countries for almost decades, they choose to, formally they choose to close their eyes on such situations. Russian mass atrocities may be the most brutal in the modern history, but at the same time there are the examples of brutal crimes committed against other peoples. Even Russians, they committed really brutal crimes in Syria and look how it's influenced the picture of Putin in the world. He was perceived rather as the guy who was able to stop United States invasion in Syria, the guy who helped his friend to win in this revolution, our spring revolution in Syria. So mass atrocities committed in Syria didn't lead to the loss of his reputation in the world and he was still sympathized by many, including in China and in Chinese leadership and Chinese media. So while I agree with you that from the normal person perspective, it's quite hard to sympathize Putin or any other civil or military commander in Russia, but from the geopolitical point of view, it's not such a big problem for many leaders. Well, thank you for that. I think we have to take into account the fact that Putin, like Hitler, tries to secrete what he's doing and deny the war crimes, deny the atrocities. Just like Hitler didn't talk much about the concentration camp, that was a big secret for years. And it was only after the Allies took Germany and the Russians for that matter took East Germany, then it came out what Hitler had been doing. So I think we have to realize that for a lot of people in Russia, they don't know because Putin suppresses the information. And then for the outside, he denies it. So you're left with a certain level of confusion about what he is doing. I remember early on in this invasion, there were virtually thousands of people, not limited to Project Expedite Justice, but from various NGOs who were investigating war crimes, who were in the country investigating. It struck me that, gee whiz, isn't all the evidence on videotape anyway? Can't we just prove that by playing the tape? Can't we go to the Hague and the International Court of Justice and show them the tape? Is this kind of investigation necessary? And what is happening right now with the investigation of these war crimes? Because it seems to me that we find out about more war crimes every day. That's true. We really find out about more war crimes every day. But that's because thousands and thousands of war crimes were committed in Ukraine during these first seven months of the conflict. So what is going on is that Ukraine is doing its best in documenting war crimes was on the side of the government, on the side of the non-governmental organization, civil society. We collect this information for several purposes. The first would be national or domestic prosecutions. That's the biggest portion of the text that we have documented so far will go to the national courts. But also there are some evidence, some portions of information that will go to international criminal court or to the other national courts that can act on the basis of the so-called universal jurisdiction principle, which means that they can prosecute crime that was committed anywhere in the world. So some crimes would be definitely investigated. Either by foreign courts, foreign investigatory authorities or by the ICC. And also there is this idea that documenting helps to create the historic record of what is happening. And this historic record may be used on the later stages for this building process or some kind of transitional justice mechanism like trust commission or fact-finding commission or something like that. So there is also this reason why documentation of crimes that are being committed and that were committed in Ukraine matters so much. You know, one of the other issues that has been examined lately is in the investigation of what happened in this country on January 6th. A lot of people are involved. It was a very, you know, broad and deep conspiracy involving a lot of people. And when you have that, and this is akin to terrorism around the world, technology can help. Social networking analysis of telephone calls, text messages, any kind of communication which leaves a record can be used to connect up the individuals who were involved in the conspiracy. And I suggest at least to me it would seem that the same kind of technology, the same kind of methodology would also apply to what Putin has done and is doing in Ukraine. Yes, there are people with names out there. Yes, they communicate with each other. Yes, that communication is somewhere. It's in a record somewhere. And if you can find it and get it together and apply this artificial intelligence, social networking analysis, you can establish who was involved in the initiative to conduct more crimes and atrocities. Is this happening? Yes, that is happening. Both again, civil society and governmental officials, they are having some successful stories of identifying the perpetrators of searching crimes. There are even finished cases with judgments in the Ukrainian judicial system where prosecutors were able to identify the perpetrators and persuade the courts that those same perpetrators committed war crimes. So there are successful stories for sure. But again, there are thousands and thousands of war crimes that were committed during these first seven months of the conflict and many more will be identified or we will get to know about many more crimes in the nearest future that we can be sure about as well, unfortunately. So it's hard to build each and every of these thousands of cases. That is why it will take quite some time, years, I would say, to turn each stone and to prosecute each and every crime. Mitro, are you involved in that effort now? Will you be involved in the long term over those years and years of investigation and prosecution? I've been working with war crimes documentation since, I would say, 2015. And one of the organizations I work with in Ukraine was the first one who responded to the new phase of Russian invasion into Ukraine. Since February 24, we started documenting war crimes and other international crimes that Russia was committing in Ukraine. So yes, I am a part of this and I am taking part in documentation in analysis of the information gathered by documentators. But also I consult a different state agency like security service of Ukraine, which is heavily involved in investigation of different crimes committed in Ukraine. And also I consult office of the Prosecutor General when it comes to a correct qualification of crimes, legal argumentation, etc., etc. So yes, I am involved and that is my plan to stay involved for the next couple of years. Good for you. I'm sure there are many people who will come and help you. For example, Harold Koh, I don't know if you're familiar with that name. He was the Dean of the Yale Law School until a few years ago and he presented himself to the International Court in Hague to organize the war crimes prosecutions that are taking place and will take place in Hague. And I wanted to ask you about that. So you mentioned before that at the moment there are national prosecutions, national being Ukraine, under the sovereignty of Ukraine or the court system, the laws of Ukraine, the Ukraine prosecutors and judges and juries, if there are, we'll hear these cases and render decisions on whether there were war crimes and, you know, a determined punishment. Are those cases happening now or is that something that won't happen until the future? Domestic cases are happening now and international cases will happen in future. As we know from the history of the International Criminal Court, for instance, it takes indeed years for this court to investigate, prosecute and later come up with judgment when it comes to complicated international crimes. So I do not expect International Court to rule on any issue regarding Ukrainian situation in the next few months or even years, but at some point we will definitely have ICC rulings, either arrest warrants or judgments themselves. So you have to have the person within your physical control to do a domestic prosecution or can you do it in absentia? It's not necessary. We can do the in absentia trial, so-called. So those are the trials when you do not have the physical presence of the person in the courtroom, but in the International Criminal Court you do need to have the physical presence of the defendant in the court to proceed with the prosecution. And how about the countries that will prosecute under universal jurisdiction? Does that assume that they have the body? It very much depends on each and every country. So in every country the legislation may and is different, but usually you do need to have the perpetrator on your territory to start the case, to even start the case, and certainly to have the court proceedings. So is the definition of war crime the same domestically and in the Hague and in these Universal Jurisdictions or does it differ? And how do you determine what what form would be most appropriate as far as one side or the other is concerned? I didn't want to dive into heavy legal discussions since there are many issues with regards to Ukrainian national legislation, for instance, concerning this comparison between Ukrainian legislation and Rome stated, for instance, of the International Criminal Court. But generally speaking, the legislation on war crimes is very similar in average jurisdiction, including international jurisdictions. You know what thing we saw and we still see these videos of Russian bombs and missiles blowing up residential buildings, shopping centers, all kinds of non-war facilities within Ukraine just destroying the country.  So I can understand shooting someone in the back of the head, somebody defenseless, doing a brutal exportation of that person into Russia, into some camp in Russia that would, to me, would fall within a war crime, rape and assault of women and young people and so forth. All that stuff, electrodes, we've seen pictures of electrodes and torture, which the Russians apparently conducted in a number of places. Now that I see as war crime, but is that different than blowing up residential buildings and apartment houses? Or is it the same? Is blowing up a residential building and apartment house a war crime also? It depends on the context, because in some situations, it's not against the International Criminal Law to cause some damage to residential buildings or, in other words, to civilian objects. For instance, we can imagine the situation in which the civilian building is being used for military purposes. For instance, the platoon of the enemy is deployed in the civilian object. This basically turns the civilian object into a military one and into a legal target for the other side of the conflict. So blowing up the civilian or residential building may be a war crime if it's done on purpose, and if the perpetrators understood that this object is civilian in nature and it is not being used for military purposes. That would be then a war crime. Also, there is this idea of proportionality. So even if there are some military objectives close to the civilian object, but if those military objectives are not important enough, at the same time in the civilian building, for instance, in the residential building, you have lots of civilians living or hiding, you can't just target the whole area and say that, you know, what somewhere there were some soldiers or combatants, and that's why I covered the whole district with my rockets with my shells. That would not be what IHL prescribes, and that would be a violation of the laws and customs of war and the war crime, because it's such a strike, it's un-proportional. So it depends if I put it shortly. Of course. One last thing I really appreciate you spending the time with me is that Putin early on made an implicit threat to use nuclear weapons, and he's repeated that threat more recently. We've also seen, what shall I say, irresponsible conduct around Zapparizia, the nuclear power plant there in the south, which could affect all of Europe if it blows up. How concerned are you that Putin isn't bluffing that he may actually use tactical weapons or other nuclear weapons in order to make his point and show that he's the boss? How concerned are you or not? I'm concerned. I think that it may happen. Putin is the type of individual that can't accept losses as he sees it, and he can't recognize his own mistakes and misdeeds. So because of that, he's now facing what is called in chess the situation in which every his move makes his position worse. And that's why he may be ready for really a radical decision like the use of tactical nuclear weapon. Maybe not against the populated area, maybe against some unpopulated area just to send the signal. But I am concerned that this might happen. I can't speak about the level of probability of such a course, but definitely it's something that the United States and Ukraine, of course, should consider as a possibility. One last thing, Dmitry, you're very knowledgeable about these things, and I greatly appreciate that. What were you doing before the war started? And why are you invested in these things now? What makes you so dedicated to helping Ukraine and helping the cause and investigating war crimes for that matter? Before the war, I imagined my career as a career of academician. So I worked on the PhD devoted to international humanitarian law, and I defended my PhD thesis in March 2014. Just a quick reminder, March 2014 was the month when Russia started its operation in Crimea, started the occupation of Crimea. So just in a few days, my dissertation, my PhD thesis, turned from purely theoretical to the very practical one. And that was the point when I decided that it's a time that needs not only my academic comments and academic perception approaches, but also some practical advices and some actions. So that's how I became invested in the documentation and consultation of different agencies on the issues of IHL and war crimes. You mentioned in 2014 that there was a movie about it. I think it was something about the winter war or words to that effect. And it was a stirring movie for sure. It was a stirring story. It was an amazing heart-rending story. I very much recommend to watch this movie to those who haven't done it yet. What I'm really getting at though is that this is an even more stirring story now by far. And I would hope that there are people out there making more movies. Are they? We'll see. I hope so. Imitro Kovale, a member of Project Expedite Justice, an active in the investigation and prosecution of war crimes in Ukraine, who has been so helpful in answering my questions and in discussing the current state of affairs there. Thank you so much, Imitro. Thank you. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and donate to us at ThinkTechHawaii.com. Mahalo.


تشرف بالاشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا وياله من شراف عظيمي مقطة له من قضاء هو مثل أحد مهمة مجهود على الحليف لذا قد يكون الحليف لذا ممنقطة لذا ممنقطة is ماررا هو تربيذي that is what it is a narrated from the man who narrated from abdul jabbar ibn wa'ill Ibn Hajjar أبو عيسة تلميديسة هذا حديث الغريب وليس إسناده بمتصل and the chain of information of this حديث is not connected وعبدي جبار ابن وائل ابن حجر he didn't hear from his father وائل ابن حجر he hasn't heard from his father because he was born لأنه وولد بعد أبيه بالستة أشهر he didn't hear from his father because he was born لأنه وولد بعد أبيه بالستة أشهر because he was born لأنه وولد بعد أبيه بالستة أشهر he was born after the death of his father six months so he never heard from his father so this حديث is ضعيف ولا يحتجبه it's ضعيف disconnected it cannot be taken because لتخل في شرطن من شروط القبولي وهو لتصال the condition of connection is missing here which is that the chain of information should be connected okay those four that we just mentioned are what they are the type of سقطو which is ضاهر اما واضح whichever you call it ضاهر or واضح doesn't matter now so now what we've taken is the حديث when it's سقطو the disconnection is ضاهر اما واضح we finished الحمد لله we're now gonna go to أنواع السقط we're now gonna go into the types which are disconnected which is خفي okay we finished we finished the first types of disconnection now we're gonna go to the two types which are المدلس and we're gonna go to المرسل الخفي pay attention she's gonna mention it now and who connected that type the four types that we just mentioned any student of knowledge who studies حديث can really tell it he knows it because it's the reason why it's called ضاهر apparent واضح it's clear everyone can see it it's not really that big حادو طلبة العلم الله ادنع علاية بالحريث وعلوم ورجاله anyone who has any thought or any effort any understanding of site of حديث will be able to realize it which are which ones we took المعلق المرسل المعبل and من قطع it's simple to tell now this one is the real one these are the hardest ones they're the trickest ones and we need to realize فالأولو the first one is the first one for what the first one السقط الخفي first one يدرك بعدم التلاقي يدرك he reaches the era of that person but he doesn't meet them they're at the same era but he meets me he's at the same time as him they reach the same era but they don't meet each other so the person who's narrating and the individual who is narrating from لم يدرك عصره sorry يدرك بعدم التلاقي the first one is that now is بعدم التلاقي بين الراوي وشيخي لكولي لم يدرك عصره first one the first one is he didn't meet his time they're at the same era that's the first one we're going to mention it the first one is that the شيخ رحم الله mentions is that which they have not met at the same era now so all of the four types that we've just taken right now which was the معبل the مرسل sorry the معلق the مرسل the معبل and the منقطع they were all ظاهر or the واضح which is a صقطوا ظاهر or صقطوا الواضح and we finished it the شيخ is now going to another type which is or خفي the disconnection can be what and clear خفي hidden and as two types is مدلس and the مرسل الخفي what is the difference between the two types of disconnection what does it mean apparent and this and that which is not apparent what it means is that the first type that is واضح clear the four that we mentioned which are clear first of all it is clear in the sense where يدركوا طلبة حاد طلبة any individual student of knowledge من الله أدن عناية any person who has any effort or ability بالحليث وعلمه is sciences ورجاله and it's the men regarding it would know it it's not something that requires a lot of knowledge in depth which is the four that we mentioned المعلق المرسل المعبل and المنقطة that the reason why it's very easy and it's apparent and everyone can know it is because is because the two people did not meet they didn't meet okay the two people and that's what ابن حجر he said فلأولوا يدركوا بعادة متلاقي we know it because they never met they never met each other because they didn't meet each other's era each other's timings simple that's what everyone can tell فولان was born this year and this one will die this year so never met the معلق is like that the مرسل is like that the مرسل is like that the مرسل is like that and the مقطة is like that that's easy at the same time two different eras this was born and this one died simple the next type which is وَمِنْ ثُمْ مَحْتُوجَ إِحْتِيجَ إِلَتْتَارِخَ so because of the first type the sheikh says all you need is the history and the birth and the deaths لتضمّل معرفة مواليد الروات ووفاية والحلات واختلاطات وغير ذلك when was Fuland born when did he die when was he born when did he so any طالب العلمة can tell that type the first four types that we mentioned all this student needs to do is go to the books of وفاية العيال the years that the people were born and died كتب الرجال just look at Fuland when was he born when was Fuland died simple like in the second type the second type they met sorry they lived at the same era sorry they lived at the same era are you guys with me are you guys with me the second type they lived at the same era but there is a difference between the two themselves please I want you to I want you to understand don't worry we're going to go into details don't worry put your hands down stop writing just listen I'm going to tell you the next type which is called the خفي pay attention this is the trickest part they lived both of them مدلس and the مرسل الخفي pay attention come on stop writing المرسل the مرسل the مدلس and the مرسل الخفي both of them how are they different from the سقطل الآضاء الآضاء these guys lived at the same era but there was a difference between these two then if they were both one they didn't one of the two not only did they live in the same era but they actually met one another and the other one is just that they lived in the same era does that make sense so the sheikh is going to tell us which one is the same era and which one met so pay attention two people lived in the same era if he narrates from him the scholars know if he did he had a hadith from him now that's probably easy because they lived in the same era it's so hard it's very hard to tell two people lived in the same era who could have met one another who could have met one another scholars would know if they did meet each other or not but what's more harder is to know they met to know if they heard from each other a particular hadith to know that this was one of the hadith in which he heard from them that's what the sheikh is going to now tell you okay so we've finished the first type the first type is knowing they didn't live at the same era they didn't live at the same time now you can write the first type is they did not live in the same era it's simple as all you need to do is what? you just need to go back to the tarikh and you'll learn the second type no they lived at the same era they lived at the same time and it's that's why it's hard to tell and like the علماء of hadith the مطلعونة the scholars who observe على طولق الحديث وعلى للأسانيدي لخفائي وغموضي it's very hidden it's very hard to tell and it's too tight as far as I am concerned it's it's it's it's it has it has someone it has it has some more some some don't get فلن تخلق فيه . يجب أن تخلق شيئا ما في حالة حديث ، ولكن تحاول أن تحاول أن تقوم بإمكانه أن يجب أن يجب أن يعتقد أن هناك حالة فيه . هذا why it's called it because the narrator what he does is لما أخفى وَتْشُرُ صَوَابِهِ يهد from the people the reality of the حالة . so that's why they call it at least because he darkened it and at the dark you can't tell us how things are. so that's why they use the word تدليس because dark is not clear now. the matter is not clear. the تدليس is five types. two are the most important. there are five types. there's تدليسه يسداد. there's تدليسه تسوية. there's تدليسه القطع. there's تدليسه العطف. there's تدليسه شيوخ. and the two most important one is the first and the last one. تدليسه الإسناد and تدليسه شيوخ are the most important two. those are the two most. those are the two most common types of تدليس. those are the two most common type of تدليس. so insha'Allah we will only mention those two types. بإذن الله الكريم. we'll only mention تدليسه إسنادي and تدليسه شيوخ. even that note is تدليسه تسوية. تدليسه القطع. تدليسه العطف. تدليسه شيوخ. should we mention all five? or should we just mention two? okay. we'll mention all five of them insha'Allah. we'll mention all five. تدليسه إسناد. what is تدليسه الإسناد? what does it mean to do تدليسه الإسناد? first of all, do we all understand the definition of what تدليس means? okay. تدليسه إسناد means. the scholars they defined the word تدليسه إسناد is of people have had scholars hadith. many types of definitions they gave. every definition you find there's a look to it. it's not جامعن مانعن. it's all looked to it. so insha'Allah we're going to take the best definition. and that is going to be the definition put by الإماميني to imams. أبيم أحمد. إبن عمر البزار. and also أبيل حسن إبن قطان. رحمه الله. their definition is as follows. أن يروي الراوي. it is that the narrator narrates a hadith. عم قد سمع منه from a person in which he heard from. قد سمع منه. ما لم يسمع منه something that he has not heard from him. it's a narrator narrates a hadith. عم من from a person قد سمع منه. a person who he has heard from. which he hasn't heard from him. I'll explain it. من غيره without him. يذكر أنه سمع منه. without him mentioning that he heard from him. let's explain the definition. let's explain the definition. it means. it means which is تدليسه إسناد. the narrator will narrate a hadith from his sheikh. he's on sheikh. قد سمع منه بعض الأحاديث. he has heard from him what? سمع أحاديث. he narrates from his teacher. who we know he's generally met him. and he narrates it from him. so the first part where he says. it is that a narrator narrates a hadith. عم قد سمع منه from a person who he heard from. meaning generally he heard from this person. generally he had heard from him. this he hasn't heard from him. ما لم يسمع منه. something which he hasn't heard from him. this hadith which he done the تدليس in. he hasn't heard from him. he has heard it from another sheikh of his. but he drops that sheikh in which he heard it from. and he would drop him out. to connect it to his own sheikh. so he can make the chain of narration shorter. give an example. our brother Faisal comes to the lesson. okay. he's part of the class. but one day he chooses not to come to the class. and let's say my lesson is a sitting where we narrate a hadith. and the hadith in which I narrate every single day. I'm not going to repeat it tomorrow. if we're going to keep it moving. okay. so what happens is brother Faisal says. he's missing from the gathering. so now he narrates from his sheikh which is عمران. because anyone who you've heard a hadith from. becomes your teacher. so Faisal narrates a hadith from عمران. and عمران tells him that he was in the gathering. عمران was in the gathering that day. are you with me? عمران was in the gathering that day. but Faisal wasn't. but generally Faisal does he come to my lessons. yes. does he hear my hadith? yes. so he is a person who narrated from me. just that he hasn't narrated this particular hadith from me. so what does he do? he drops out عمران. what does he do? what he does is he drops out عمران from the chain of narration. so Faisal is not at that particular gathering. he is absent from it that particular day. a couple of the particular hadith that was narrated. he wants to know what it is. so he goes to عمران and says عمران you tell me the hadith. so عمران chooses to tell him the hadith.  قالة means عبد رحمان said. didn't عبد رحمان really say it? yes he did say it. because not to him but he did say it. to who? you don't know who he said it to. he hid that person who said it to. does that make sense? this is called تدليسو إسلام. it's the first time. it's called تدليسو إسلام. he will use the word قالة and what? he would use the word قالة and عام. why would he do that? ليوه مغيره. to trick the people. to make the people think that he heard it from me directly. that he would choose not to use. لكي لا يصر رحمان. he would choose not to use the word. حدثني سمعته. he would choose not to use that. okay? so now we realize that تدليس is what? تدليس is a person who he lived at the same era with. and also what? ميت. whereas مرسل الخفي is just that they lived at the same era. he didn't meet him. he did not. that's the difference between تدليس and the difference between تدليس and مرسل الخفي. an example of this is a Hadith example which I'm going to give you. I'm going to give you guys an example of a Hadith regarding this. إمام وحاكم نريتر. إنه كتاب عارفة عنوم و الحديث. with this train of narration to علي ابن خشر من. علي ابن خشر من. نهي سد. قال لنا ابن عيناتا. قال لنا علي ابن خشر من. سد ابن عينات ستواص. عني الزهري. عني الزهري. ابن عينات سد عني الزهري. from زهري. فقيلة له. ابن عينا اعيانا. سمعته من الزهري. Did you hear from的时候ه. فقال لأنا ب由 لطنة. No I didn't hear from insider. Who did this? فقال لنا. He was asked did you heard from with the permission for throatin trapezius حدثني عبد الرزاق طولني عن معمر from معمر عن زهري هم يبيبوا تلجب هم يجبت عبد الرزاق من همام الصناعاني هم يجبت معمر من راشد 2 بيبو زهري ففي هذا الحديث ابن عينا هم يجبت 2 بيبو بين هم الزهري واتليني دو تدليسوا الإسناد واتليني دو تدليسوا الإسناد هم تدليسوا الإسناد


Good morning guys, happy vlogmas day nine. Today I'm starting the day off with my orange theory class. I actually decided to take the 1045 class. I've been trying to take the 930 ones just to get it over with and be home earlier, but today I kinda wanted to get a bit of cleaning done before and I did something so stupid. Our sink does not drain very fast so our water's super high all the time so I turned on the garbage disposal thinking it would help and a shot glass got literally stuck in the garbage disposal and I literally can't get it out. It's not even a glass one so it can't even break. It's aluminum and it's just real, real stuck in there so I'm gonna wait till Ryan gets home or someone to come help me fix it because I tried so hard to get it out. I think I told you how I bought some SD cards on Black Friday and I'm so pissed because literally all of them don't work in my larger Sony camera and the one that I put in this camera, like it saved as a weird file. It was like .MTS instead of like an MP4 or like the usual file format so now I have to go on this online converter and like literally convert each one singly and I think there's 63 clips from like Vlogmas these past couple of days cause I'm just starting to get to editing Vlogmas day one through I guess nine now, shit. I literally just posted my Thanksgiving vlog yesterday and I'm so out of it but I wanna get back like into the groove of things so this week I'm going to grind it out and get them all up so that I can work more closely to the day I actually film the vlog and then I can like edit it that night. So I'm actually gonna go ahead and drive over to Orange Theory and I'll talk to y'all later. I just got home from Orange Theory and ran to home for lunch so hopefully he can get this shot glass out of our garbage disposal. Hi Sophie. Hi Bummy. All right, what tool are we using today? I'm just scared it's gonna like shatter but it can't like it's not glass. That's the thing. Ooh. No way. Did you get it? We can't reach it now. Damn it. Here's your little hands. My little hands. Ryan.  No, how did that survive it? And it was actually really sad because I like started using it and I was like, damn, I like that thing. Thank you. Ryan just left to go back to work and I actually didn't eat lunch yet because he's like in this health kick and I had some leftover Pad Thai and some Thai food from last night and I did not want to eat it in front of him because I know if like I was on the other side I would not want to see that in front of my face. So I was just like waiting for him to go back to work but I also want to shower before I eat so I can weigh myself. I honestly just love seeing like that I drop down a little bit of weight after going to Orange Theory even though I probably gain a little bit more eating throughout the day. So I'm gonna go weigh myself and after the shower I have a lot of work to do. I think I told you guys about the SD card situation. It is taking so long because I have to do each one individually like I could pay for like a platform but I'm not going to do that because I am not gonna record enough format like now I know. So it's not worth it for me. So I have to transfer all those and export them into another format. So that's gonna take a while. But also yesterday I was supposed to get my car registered but I was looking up what I need for the county tax office to like get it registered. And they said I needed like the title to my car like the registration in the other state that you were just in and I don't have that. So I need to talk to my dad about that cause I think he has that. Hopefully he can just email me it. I don't know if like it has to be the real paper or whatever but I just want to get it over with because it's been on my to-do list for so long and it has to be done like within December cause my like tag says December. So once it turns January I could get pulled over. So hopefully I have enough time to get that figured out because I am going back to Georgia on December 21st. So, oh, also my friend Kailin from college she just texted me and she was like, are you going to be in Atlanta or Austin for New Year's Eve? And I was really scared that she was going to say she was coming to Austin for New Year's. I was going to be so sad but she's actually coming to Atlanta. So I get to see her over Christmas break and I'm really excited about that. So I'm going to take them at sightseeing and all that fun stuff. And honestly I feel like I want to sightsee in Atlanta cause I haven't done that in so long so it'll be a fun little day. So it is almost 8 p.m. and I have my glasses on. Ryan was like, put on your glasses. We're going to go look at Christmas lights on houses. So it doesn't look that good on me. I think it's just your hair. I think something's odd. Maybe I need to like wear makeup but that's sad. Looks really weird. You look cute. But anyways, I thought these glasses cause I have a lazy eye. So this is like my bad eye. This is like supposed to be perfect. So I only have prescription in this eye and I always thought like my glasses were supposed to help this eye better and it really never did. When Ryan puts his glasses on me I can see things so much clearer and I never like thought like there was an issue with my good eye but oh my God, like it's like a whole new world with these glasses. And so I might be wearing them more. I just, they look really weird on me but whatever we'll get over it. But yeah, we're going to go look at Christmas lights. Good morning y'all, it is December 10th and it is very late in the day. It is 2 p.m. I've just been doing some like random things today.  Not that it's actually that much work to do it but just getting like all the paperwork together because my mom and dad had some of the paperwork and all of that, I don't know. It's just been on my to-do list and just eating me alive. I just have to do it before January hits. Well actually December 21st because I go back to Georgia and then when I come back it's gonna be January so I have to do it before that. So I've been figuring out that this morning. I've been editing some photos. I did a session for a UT's sorority council so I just finished those today. I feel like I just did so many like random little things that were on my to-do list which is good. One of the main things that I just did and that made me in such a better mood is, so I bought these, where are they? I bought these little road wireless go mics so basically you can literally, no this is the transmitter so you put this one on your camera and it's super duper small and then you can wear this one like this on your shirt pretty much like you clip it on your shirt and basically this is just a mic and it's a wireless mic so you don't have to have all those wires and stuff. So I bought that literally on August 6th and I think I have barely used it. I think I may have used it maybe five times like not that much and it like randomly stopped working so I was really sad about it cause that duo right there that cost 200 bucks. It's definitely not cheap and it's definitely not something that should break especially with five uses so I contacted the support team and they said that I actually have a two year warranty which is so good because usually I buy all my camera stuff used and this was like the only time I bought it off of BH Photo so I was the original owner of this product which is like, I don't know I guess I was lucky in that way so basically they said that they would replace it or repair it which I feel like it just needs to be replaced but I'm so ready to get it fixed and I hope it doesn't take that long because I've been having a lot of video ideas pop up into my head but I've been needing these mics to do that video. I know it was a trend a while back but I wanted to do like top 10 bars here in Austin or top 10 coffee shops in Austin but I would definitely need that mic to have good audio. I'm still not caught up on Vlogmas just yet but I'm getting there so hopefully it's soon that I'm caught up but I just wanted to give you the first little update of the day cause I know I haven't really been vlogging that much haven't been in like the best vlogging mood, you know if you guys have a YouTube channel you would know it's very hard to get into the mood to vlog especially when you're just sitting at home just doing normal work it's super easy to just vlog like when you're having fun and like out and have makeup on and all that cause like obviously you want to vlog when you're doing stuff that is fun and that you want to share the memories and remember these memories but obviously I'm just home so it's not anything too exciting over here it's 3pm and I actually decided to put on a quick piece of makeup and I am gonna go to the grocery store to just get out of the house and also I need groceries because we don't have anything really for dinner and Brian's trying to eat healthy I don't know if I told you guys this but he is starting like this boot camp thing for just the week he's trying it out so he's wanting to eat pretty healthy so I am going to try to cook healthy it's very hard for me cause obviously it's like way easier to just cook unhealthy foods and especially crave unhealthy foods I mean I know there's pre-made like zoodles so I think I'm gonna go for that and then make like a chicken Alfredo zoodle type dish for tonight and then tomorrow I'm gonna look into like some quinoa bowl type thing I've been really craving mushrooms I don't know why so I think I'm gonna get that too I'm gonna run to HEB right now and get all that done before traffic starts home and I thought I would just do a little grocery haul while I put everything away so starting off we got some bacon I wanna make these like BLT kind of lettuce wraps we got some chicken quinoa because I'm gonna make those quinoa bowls these fresh raspberries because they look so good and I'm actually gonna eat them now because they look delicious okay I got lactate milk you guys know I'm lactose intolerant and then I got some juice I got orange peach mango this is oven roasted turkey breast and by the way I know I am using plastic bags but these are Walmart bags that I've been like reusing and they were conveniently in my car because I totally forgot that I had to have my own bags for HEB so thank god they were in my car I have to put them back so I don't forget it next time I go to HEB I got roasted red pepper hummus and I got carrots to go along with that right here little baby carrots then I got some more eggs we already have eggs but this one recipe I wanna do calls for like 10 eggs so I didn't wanna be too short I got baby bella mushrooms I love cooking mushrooms they're literally the easiest thing you could ever cook I feel like for the zoodles I'm gonna do a garlic alfredo so probably not the healthiest but we are having zoodles so I feel like that's really healthy in itself but I got some coconut milk then I got some Greek vanilla yogurt for another recipe I want to do I got some oats I was thinking I should start making a smoothies so I got this carb smart briars ice cream so that I could like put a little bit of that in my smoothies because I love just to be a little bit more sugary than just like the normal fruit sugars so I got frozen banana and then I also got frozen strawberries then I got buffalo sauce but I wanted to make these buffalo cauliflower bite things and I forgot the cauliflower so that was like the only thing I forgot that's a pretty successful grocery trip if I only forgot one thing honestly I got some lettuce scoops lettuce leaves because I want to make like those BLT wraps that I was talking about the infamous zoodles if you guys don't know what this is it's just like zucchini spirals and it's just nice because it's cremaid and you don't have to do it I got green beans because I love making these like garlic green beans and rind for some reason doesn't like the way I cook them he likes his green beans to be mushy but I liked them to be like crunchy so I'm just gonna have to figure out how to like compromise you know like make his a little bit more cooked I guess got some spinach these are for the quinoa bowls some some blueberries for a recipe I want to make the recipe is like these muffin things so hopefully those turn out good the cashier literally asked me he was like what the hell is this it's a butternut squash every time I come home I feel like my mom makes this I don't know how she makes it but it's so freaking good so I'm gonna ask her how she makes it and make it the way she does um I got just some tomatoes for the BLT wraps and the last thing I got are mangoes and I'm so excited because these feel so ripe and I'm just very excited to eat those so that is all I got from the grocery store the total was like 85 dollars I feel like I got a lot of food for 85 so I'm kind of proud of myself but now it's the fun part putting it all away and organizing my refrigerator so I just cooked the zoodles and they look so good I'm very excited to try this but I feel like it doesn't look like that much food especially when I'm gonna like split it up for me and Ryan because I feel like our biggest problem or I don't know about his but my biggest problem is portion size and I just feel like I eat so much because especially when I'm serving the both of us I give us the same amount of food which is so bad and I know it because obviously he's way bigger than me and taller than me and he needs more food so hopefully this is enough hopefully it keeps him full I'm just like worried about keeping him full but it should be a good dinner I basically cooked the zucchini noodles for like I don't know four minutes it was really really fast I baked the chicken just because I'm not very good at cooking meats so I just like to bake the chicken just to make sure it's all cooked through and then I threw the alfredo sauce in there and then did some pepper on top so should be really good so this is what it looks like plated I don't know I feel like it doesn't look like that much but hopefully it fills us up it is 8 p.m and we are about to head out to go to Mozart's coffee it's this place on the river that has these crazy insane Christmas lights we are at Mozart's coffee and here they have a light show at the top of every hour so we're gonna check it out good morning y'all it is December 11th and I'm starting the day off by going to a shoot with this awesome blogger her name is shruti the honest shruth and I'm so excited because we are gonna be creating so much content this upcoming year together so look out for that on her blog and her instagram I decided to get full glam today because sometimes like when you work from home and you don't wear makeup all the time it just makes you feel that much lazier so I just wanted to put on some makeup so that I could have like a really productive day after the shoot I'm gonna go head over there I think it's a little less than 20 minutes away so I'll talk to y'all later it's a good day in Austin Texas yes shruti is so prepared we got all the stuff to do some blog content today and her little fake baby right here she has a real baby at home but we don't want to bring her on the cold but yeah doing some outfit changes getting that content in I'm back home from the shoot it went so well I have them importing right now and then I'm gonna send her like all the unedited photos because obviously she's a blogger she knows how to edit her photos the way she wants to so she just does that today I'm going to make Ryan some lunch I don't know if I really want this but maybe I'll have some I'm gonna try to because I have like leftover chicken from last night and use all the chicken so I wanted to make these like lettuce buffalo wraps and yes I probably shouldn't be using minute rice but it's just so fucking easy so we're gonna be using today I started to get really sleepy so I ended up baking muffins and they look so freaking good like I am so shook they're basically like these banana blueberry oatmeal muffins so we will see how they taste update on the muffins they work good if you like being healthy but if you have a huge sweet tooth like me and like are used to eating kind of bad then they might not be the best because they're made with like bananas instead of like the flour muffins if that makes sense so they're good I honestly just had to put a little brown sugar on the top and they were good but I just needed a little bit more sugar just a little bit I'm gonna meet Ryan at the BMW dealership because something's wrong with his car so he just needs to like drop it off and I'm gonna go pick him up and he said he was craving sushi and it's only been like three days about sitting healthy which sushi isn't that unhealthy but we're really craving the nigiri and like all the specialty rolls at sushi jenni I think I put it in my last vlog but we had all you can eat there and their nigiri was so good and I've been craving it so bad so since he said it you know now I want it super bad so we might go there for dinner but like also my mentality is always like try to eat at home on the weekdays and save it for like fun on the weekend so I ended up cooking dinner I made this quinoa and brown rice and some mushrooms and spinach dinner was really good it was surprisingly really filling especially for people who don't eat like super healthy like that my favorite part was definitely the mushrooms and also I don't know if I updated you guys on yeshri's dinner but the zoodles were so so good highly recommend the zoodles and I'll show you exactly the sauce I used because it was definitely mostly the sauce this is it it is the garlic garlic alfredo it is so yummy I actually just got invited to someone's wine party last minute so I thought I would just stop by before we go to silker so I'm gonna head to that better here I'm back home I'm so glad I went to that wine night it was so much fun and I met new people which is even better we actually ended up not going to silker tonight because I thought I should just save it for tomorrow and have something fun to do then so definitely look out for that vlog and I'll see y'all in my next one bye