On this channel, I have played a lot of Dragon Ball games, but I have never played these games against the creators of them themselves. That changes today as one of the challenges in Budokai Tenkai G4 actually involves taking on the very team that made the game through their OCs. And these are some of the strongest characters in the entire game, having their own unique movesets, combos, and even models, particularly looking at the Red Power Ranger right here. Will I be able to defeat all five developers of the game using only one fighter? Let me just plug the fact that you should like and subscribe to this channel now because I might not make it through this challenge alive. So let's jump into the challenge. Right away, Red Rangers kind of jumping out to me as the most confusing guy here, then probably Green Vegeta. These are some strong looking OCs. Really, I have no idea what I'm getting into. I especially don't know what character I should pick for this. I think Broly was actually pretty strong when I did Broly's challenge. I was impressed with how strong they made him. So you know what? I'm just gonna, I'm gonna skip the small talk, I'm going straight to Broly. And I'm gonna go ahead and cheat. I'm just gonna make him Super Saiyan. And yeah, I just want to win. Damn, the push-up game, give me at least seven, give me at least seven, give me eight, give me nine. Oh, wow. They really picked a remote location for these OC contests to take place. Look at us standing there. Only they haven't even seen my entry. Let's go. Look at Broly's intro in this game. It's sick. I'd be scared. I would run. All right. So character one is just Metal Frieza OC, which I do not mind.  I thought this won't be easy. All right. So far it's actually not insanely difficult. Nothing, nothing the game hasn't already prepped me for. OTG off the ground stuff. Oh, sidekick combos. Get grabbed. Oh, oh, oh. I told you Broly is broken in this game. They made my guy way too strong. You know what?  How did I only do 2,000 damage with that? He is fat. Whoa, relax. You're not even like an OC. You're just, you're just Metal Frieza. Bam, explosive wave. That's why I like Broly. One bar explosive wave of them out. Metal Frieza with a Scouter is apparently a charge of audio editing in most of the English in the mod. So already we're going up against a pretty devastating guy. So I got to go all out. Stop that Metal Frieza. Oh, he didn't even dodge it. Bro thought he was Z difficulty. Block this. You can. It's actually unblockable. Good. Let him stir in that for a little bit. Hold it, hold it. I didn't even know he was holding a Scouter until I read the breakdown. Doesn't matter. Bro can't even sense my power level right now. All right, let Metal Frieza sit with it. You know what, I want to move on to the next care. The miracle of Universe 7. No shot. No. I didn't even know Metal Frieza. Who is that? Is that Gojira? What was that? That's Vegeta. Why is Vegeta helping freeze up what is happening? That's Super Saiyan 4 Vegeta. Damn, it's the devs. Damn. The devs are jumping me.  The devs put all that time into jumping me? Nah, that was insane. The devs just collabed on an attack.  God damn. Long awaited 100. He just went 100%.  Get up, Broly. That was a clutch teleport. No shot. He lived that. Not again. Not again. Not again. Block it. Block it. Block it. Nah. Nah, try to collab with me again. See what happens. Oh my god.  There he is. Super Saiyan 4 Vegeta with his shirt off. No, I lost. No! Vegeta, listen, Vegeta. Finish time. Oh, you think you're finishing this, huh?  I'm not losing. GG's. All right, rematch. Run it back. Run it back. I got jumped. I'm not going to lie. I was not expecting to get jumped by two of the devs at one time. I can already see that losing is a devastating thing. Oh my god. It's like a 40 minute get back. If they thought I wasn't instacuing back up with Broly, they thought wrong. I just played poorly. So apparently that Super Saiyan 4 Vegeta is like he doesn't work with the team anymore, but he helped with a lot of stuff.  I don't lose. I lost one time and that is it. Dragon Ball, anime, BT4. I don't lose that. Dragon Ball, anime. I don't lose. I don't lose that. I know the timing. Sweep the leg. Block that. Oh my god, he is fast though. I got no stamina. I got no stamina. I got to run. I got to run. All right, charge up. Metal Frieza, more of a challenge than I would have expected, but he's still not him. Oh, come on. Oh, I got infinite key. I got infinite key. I got to sit up. Oh, I lost. Back off me.  I'm Broly. You got to give it to me. Up the deeps. Give me a crit. All right, I take one of these. I don't have any key to. I was trying to do a key to last dodge it. Sweep the leg. Oh my god, it's too obvious though. Oh my god, let's go. Metal Frieza is down, and we have plenty of health for Super Saiyan 4 Vegeta. I mean, yes, I wish he didn't start with spirit breaking candy. Oh, that was a cool animation though. I'm not going to lie, that's a good fit for Vegeta. I like the profile pic too. He's got spun. Too bad I don't care. And Bro did not dodge that. He got lit up. No. How are they all so fast? The devs don't play around, but that don't matter.  That was aggressive. I'm not going to let that slide. I got the timing. I know the. What? Does he have super armor or something? I just blocked that, surely. Nice. Explosive wave, get off me. I got three bars for a reason. I got to use them. Big mistake. Explosive wave, please. Thank you, thank you. Finish side, finish this. Yeah, finish your food first. Yeah. Oh good, he tried to hit me with finish side. Cocky bastard, bro. Hey, hold this key last. Now hold this slightly bigger key blast. Thought so. Hold this. How did I miss? How did I miss? How did I miss? Oh, damn, Vegeta, why? All right, Vegeta, you've messed with me for too long.  Oh my god, he just flexed on me. No, he is flexing on me right now. That was an insane dodge. That was anime as hell. I feel like that always happens at least once when I play Bro. Damn. Get off me. Now die. Oh my god. Oh my god, Vegeta's taking all my. So this is what this video is going to be, huh? I'm just going to make it through one character and then the other and then you're going to stop me. What? You got to be kidding. That did not hit me. I had like eight years to block. No, I'm making it to the third developer. I'm making it to the third developer. I don't care what you say. Stop. Don't dodge this, please. Oh, dear god. Do not dodge this. Oh no, man. Oh no shot. Explosive wave, I'm still in it. But I've got to go for the goal. Okay, hey, if you want to. No, no, no, no, no. No, Vegeta. Assholes dude. All right. Back with my third attempt. I'm just going with Goku here just to, you know, keep it a little different. Maybe I need that protagonist flare in my life to really, all right. No shot.  Anyway, I'm boosting it up. We're going with Super Saiyan here although I feel like for Metal Freeze I'm gonna have to kick it up another notch I'm going Super Saiyan too. All right, that's good enough for now Why maybe it's not good enough. What am I supposed to do about that? Yeah, you thought it was sweet, huh? You thought it was sweet. You thought I was gonna give you the hands Yeah, I know my combos freeze. They don't mess with me. Don't even try me Frieza. Oh It's time for dragon fist I missed I'm going God But I'm skipping God to go to blue and I still have enough time to do it a super. No, no, no, no Times 10 kick it off Goku kick it up. Oh Rock it. Let's go. Finally. I'm blue. I gotta make it through Super Saiyan for Vegeta with Literally zero health, but that's fine. His dad did 10k right there No, no, no, dude, that is so cheap.  Yeah Yeah, that's another 9k or something. Yeah, yeah, I'll take it. There's really no point to me even dodging Goku I'm going back to Broly. Don't even Frieza. Look, I'm back on Broly You can't pull this stuff anymore fourth attempt and it's gonna be my final one, too. Oh Oh, he thought he was anime. He thought he could win with some counters He thought he was that guy, but he's not Okay, wait, maybe is no no no no you literally want to lose you know that you're just being difficult Frieza Explosive wave do the explosive wave and I tell you to Broly got there. You know, all right Here we go. We have a lot of distance from Frieza. Sorry my charge takes up half the screen Your release is tall. I'm gonna go for my ultimate here. Yeah, you know what Frieza would not do is Frieza would not try to beam Clash me right now. I bet he would not what do I got to do? What do I got to do Frieza? It's waiting the deal for me. No enough with the key blast enough with the key blast.  I'm gonna say no, but that's why I'm come on dude I'm getting punished for having a little goofy fun for having some goofy fun. I get punished. Oh great. Oh my god Yep, no, I'm not I'm not playing that one Frieza was being real rude about it I'm just surrendering fifth attempt it is please please. I just need something to beat these developers. These guys are Cheating. Oh my god. All right. Well, I got hit by the key blast, but at least I didn't get by the fissure slash Okay Please please please. Yes. Yes. Finally.  Oh, he dodged it But I blocked that. All right, so I got to just keep my distance I really don't like when he gets up in my face like that a key blast. I'm going in I Hate when he does that Okay, that's a good combo. I'll take 5k 5k for free is not bad you little cheater man Locking me up with key blasts. I'll get that out of here.  Here comes my ultimate part 2 Yeah, and he doesn't dodge it this time. I hit him with his own key blast trick. Okay, that only did 7k damage Man these deads do not play around in the clash man. I got to focus so hard. I can barely even talk I'm just sweating the whole time Look, oh, I'm too quick up too quick for him and he thinks he can what what? No, I'm not getting jumped again. No, I'm not getting jumped again. He blocked that though. They did no damage.  He smashed me to a wall. He is so lucky.  He actually blocked that he didn't all right explosive wave should kill here It didn't big key blast Yeah All right, not the not the strategy we thought would come out on top but big key blast wins again now I have no I what what I was doing running in here with no key. I have no idea I really do not know and he has max power. That's yeah, that seems fair There's a really fair video game that I'm playing right now. Yeah, no really fair really fair experience just going on right here Get me out of here. Get me out of here. All right costume again I'm sorry. Am I supposed to win against that? Look at the number go up. How him out as any human supposed to outmash Vegeta.  Oh No Thank you explosive wave. Thank you. Oh my god. I'm gonna try it. I can't win Okay, that was my best mashing possible. I can't win. I okay I will never clash with Vegeta on purpose again. You know what? I gotta switch to my real main I gotta switch to Vegeta Oh, yeah, baby. Oh, yeah, that's Vegeta right there. That's Vegeta talking. Oh, yeah, look see it's not none of that sweet stuff. Oh Okay, that was pretty good. I might not have as much health as Broly, but I don't need it with speed like Stop He tried to pull up on Vegeta give him the piece of mom piece of my I'm not done with it. Oh my god. Why they make Vegeta so cool. I Can't outrun soup man.  I just want a piece of him. I want him to know Vegeta is coming. Oh You're not ready for this. Oh, no, no, I promise myself. I would never clash with it. Just kidding. I'm Vegeta now Let's go. Yeah He didn't know about me. He ain't know about me Here I am Got him with the follow-up. Wait, there's only this two how much damage is this dude? Okay, AK is kind of respectable. I gave him the slip with it's a transmission No Okay, I need to start strong run Frieza Let's go. I need to start strong run Frieza. This is a great start right now We're in blue health Frieza just needs to be weaker Spirit Excalibur nice keep them down spam against them if you have to remember their bots It's not like they can send any mean messages online calling me a spammer Okay, that should have been a block first and foremost Don't grab me you cheater.  Yes.  I do not care if you think I care I do not Spirit sword got him. Yeah, I thought so. This is how I beat the this is how I beat Goku and Vegeta too Spirit sword. Oh wait never mind. Oh, I wasted it. Damn it. Well, I'll still take the spirit sword damage. Let's go Let's go. Oh, he caught me spamming.  Send me a message. Send me a message live then.  Nah, see thing is I'm even better up close I was just trying to spare you the embarrassment Shades. Oh my god. I thought wait. I swear. I thought the cutscene started I bro, but you know so strong. I exited the cutscene. That was crazy. No reach him Yes, I can't spirit sword got some length to it. My god. Don't it embarrassing brown spirit sword. Oh And wait just a minute, I'm not done with you yet All right, Vegeta's down now. We'll see the third developer who apparently is the head honcho The director of the mod they describe him as what it what it broke what it progressed as so this is the this is the power of a Developer he will not let me be don't I got to see a strength up close All right now that he's knocked down. I have a little more time to charge Okay, this developer is crazy fast Okay, he's got damn bros got combos Rose got combos for real. Oh my god, please I just got to make it past him. What's his ultimate? Oh, oh, is he is bro laws broken fine me? Too fast. I'm too quick for don't final coming up. Please hit. Please hit. Please hit. Please. No What if bro is twirling that what was that I really don't know what is he doing? He was trying to do something my god. Look at his stats. They're boosted to insanely high amounts He's not letting me breathe. He knows my strategy. This guy's the director of the mod He knows everything. He knows everything.  Stop spirits or they played a little safe I got to get the red ranger at least Don't do that spirit or after an instant transmission. I'm crazy. Oh, no. Oh, no, he really wants to fight now I got to kick up the speed. Oh my god. I didn't let the single one hit me stop What is that? What is it? Is he? It goes kamikaze. What is that? What is he just broke my game? Bro.  He was like slender man.  He truly is the director of the mod. Damn Damn broke broke the game He broke the mod How am I supposed to compete against somebody that could break the mod? All right, well that was it for this video if you want to see me try to rematch the developers in this game Definitely leave a like because I'm pissed. I gotta get my run back. Hopefully you enjoyed it though If you did I have been doubted away and I will see you in the next video. Bye. Oh like and subscribe too


Everyone it's a girl Kenzie here from late in sports cards, and I'm ripping 21 22 panini immaculate basketball Hobby five box full case break number 18 pick your team We've got Andrew and Raptors Anthony C. Lakers Bernard H. Pelicans Chow H Magic Chang S. Kings Christopher M. Nuggets Daniel S. Clippers David K. Cavs Frank Y. Jazz Gregory H heat Harper B. Mavs hang Y wizards Hilton T Thunder hero S sons Kenny T. T. Wolves Kyle T with the Rockets and Pacers lamb K net Muhammad a pistons Nicholas T. Bucks Nick E. Sixers or in W with the Grizzlies and Celtics Oriole C with the Knicks and Spurs Sean M. Warriors whining H Hawks Yang Wen C. Bowls Yiming G. Blazers and Yusuke. Oh with the Hornets Best of luck everyone. Thanks so much for the fill again. We've got let's see. What are we down to? Still 10 left in the next break 10 teams remaining in the next one We've got two more I'm at basketball case breaks after this we're gonna get into impeccable football still teams left in those as well Just a couple breaks left with spots for the daytime If you still have here come on logo man Let's see one Yes, or that in just like you know the bigger teams or the teams with a deeper checklist are gonna be a little bit more Expensive than then the ones that you know have less hits So bigger hit potential teams are gonna be a little bit more expensive than the lesser Probability teams I worded that really weird D'Angelo Russell 27 of 49 for the T-wolves We've got one out of 99 Monte Morris for the Nuggets These name plate patches are so cool. Go into the thunder. We've got five of 12 Jeremiah Robinson Earl Thunder has been hot all morning so far. We're doing very well We've got Raptors rookie auto 48 of 99 on the inaugural Inc. D'Angelo Banton We've got legends for this Celtics Robert Parrish on the acetate auto 46 of 99 Nice one there very nice Robert Parrish now we've got true RPA Pacers Christo Arte 75 of 99 one of the last teams taken Nice one there Indy is Going to be Kyle T. There you go Kyle. We'll mag that true RPA for you box number two And just a couple more of these Left for the daytime. Let's get them filled up Got Celtics Jalen Brown 29 of 49 got patch here for the Wizards 91 of 99 Bradley Veal Got rookie triple colored patch 11 of 25 Jalen Johnson for the Hawks Nice Hawks patch there Modern marks going to the Suns that is gold six of ten Cameron Payne See paying action on the modern marks then we've got Nice one here three of ten Pacers Lance Stevenson patch auto two colored patch there And we've got rookie auto 99 of 99 bookend inaugural Inc. Josh Giddy for the Thunder Okay, see staying hot here Hilton T. There you go Hilton. We'll mag that one for you That's on the bookend Get everyone. Let's get this next break filled up. We got Nets Cavs Pistons Rockets Heat Kings Spurs Wizards Eight to go now two more teams coming in eight to go on the next break Still logo man hunting a pull one eventually right got a redemption on the bottom here We have bull Zach Lavigne 49 of 99 DC we've got a link in the bio for you That'll take you to our website. You could buy our spots off there Just click on break schedule and it will come up with the remaining spots that we've got available for you 63 out of 99 Mitchell Robinson for the net next. We know if you have any troubles finding it lean sports cards comm Link is in bio to for you You have James Hardin patch 72 of 99 for the Sixers We've seen so much of this guy today. How about some more mugsie for the Hornets 90 of 99 on the Herald at signatures Five foot three all-star Mugsie You have another Herald at signatures 45 and 99 Tim Hardaway for the Warriors. Oh Wow Got a dual auto next and it is a nice one We do ship worldwide. Yep free international shipping. You're just Responsible for any taxes tariffs or import fees that your country may charge But free international shipping, let me see What teams this is gonna be? Dual auto right. Wow. This is sick So I am not gonna random this we will reach out to both Both owners, let me double check that there is two owners. I'm pretty sure Yeah, two different owners here So we're gonna reach out to the both of you as we are not gonna random this We've got dual autos card number one of Ray Allen and Steph Curry Wow, what a dual That's gonna be Ray Allen Celtics on this one. And of course Steph Curry is gonna be Golden State What a nasty one there and then according to the checklist that is numbered out of ten Numbered out of ten that is so nice. So we have Celtics is or in W and Golden State is Sean M. So this will be a we'll reach out again to the both of you For this card, this is not gonna be a random that is so cool number to ten we'll mag that redemption There we go first curry auto of the day about time, huh? There we go. All right box number four We'll reach out to both owners and see what they want to do if one wants to buy one out or you know They want the one is to just auction it like off on eBay or something like that since it's a pretty high-value car We won't we won't do a random on the live We'll reach out and then go from there to see what they each would like to do We've got 54 of 99 Russell Westbrook Lakers We have Jalen Brunson for the Mavs the standard patch 52 out of 99 The standard patch is time go to the pelican Zion first Zion that we've seen today 63 of 99 He's got ink in here. I'd be sick to pull his line He's got a logo man auto in this product and inaugural ink rookie auto for the Hawks Jalen Johnson four out of 99 Got shadow box signatures for the Grizzlies 28 of 99 We go Grizz and this team's been hot all day today. Love to see it. No We've got go into the magic RPA 2 out of 49 Franz Wagner going to chow H Congrats on that one little some Some stuff on that car right there. You can kind of see it right in the middle We will send a box here with the magic Nice four-colored patch on that one. Wow first prongs of the day partial jersey number two right two out of us Two out of 49 take partial jersey number half jersey number There you go chow we will mag this one for you get a little smear on that one Yeah, that's what I'm saying the magic. I've done very well in each box each break so far last one of the case Let me check on this next break see where we are Still eight to go everyone nets calves pistons rockets heat King Spurs wizards eight to go breaks next There is the link for you And if you're watching on to talk link in bio if you are a YouTube member I'm sure to check out the community tab on our YouTube as there is a 10% discount 10% off code that you can use good for today only Only today. Wow really you too. All right last box here Got Zach Levine two out of ten for the bowls bowls We've got triple rookie patch here Jalen Suggs Jalen Green and Davion Mitchell. That's 26 out of 49 Again, you'd have to have two out of the three here Chow had the magic Rockets is Kyle T and Kings is Chang s Yeah, that'll be a random to all three different owners Or not sorry not random to all but random to the three teams on this card magic rockets and kings Should I get that one back real quick? Now? We've got Jersey numbers nine of nine bookend bam out of bio for the heat Another nice patch on that one There you go Yeah Herald did signatures 21 of 99 for the Clippers Elvin Bran Clippers auto We've got rookie introductions as to take 52 of 99 Jaden Springer nice bring her there for the Sixers and Last but not least we have another true RPA for the Lakers Austin Reeves Go Lakers back-to-back breaks with true RPAs of Austin Reeves. We'll mag this one for you All right, give me one second to set up the random here for the triple relic card magic Rockets Kings triple relic Magic Rockets Kings magic Okay after the random the top team after the random we'll take home this triple relic car. Let's roll our dice That is eight times on the random. Good luck one two three four five six seven eight Go into the magic magic take home the triple relic All right, let's go ahead and do a quick recap here We had Zion Pelicans Jalen Brunson Mavs James Harden Sixers Mitchell Robinson next Jalen Johnson Hawks Bradley Bill Wizards Monte Morris Nuggets. We had the Jeremiah Robinson Earl Thunder Bama to bio heats Jaden Springer Sixers Elton Bran Clippers Desmond Bain Grizzlies Jalen Johnson Hawks Tim Hartaway Warriors Mugsie for the Hornets Denil O'Banton Raptors Robert Parris Celtics Cameron Payne Sons the Lance Stevenson for the Pacers our Magged cards. We had the true RPA Austin Reeves for the Lakers True RPA Chris Duarte Pacers Franz Wagner 2 of 49 for the Magic Sickhead there again a little bit of a some Something sticky on that card there. We will set be sending a box with the magic We had the Josh Giddy for the Thunder Book and 99 of 99 And then again, we'll be reaching out to both of these teams here for the dual auto to 10 Ray Allen and Steph Curry Absolutely nasty. All right, congrats again everyone. We've got number 19 coming up once filled. Thank you


Hello, I'm Peihan Miao. I'm going to present private-set intersection in the Internet setting from Lightweight Oblivious PRF. It is joint work with Melissa Chase. First, what is private-set intersection? Let's start with a simple example. Let's say Alice and Bob are two cryptographers. They meet at a crypto conference for the first time, and they want to figure out who are their common friends. For example, here is a list of Alice's friends, here is a list of Bob's friends, and they want to figure out who are in common. What can they do? Well, they can take out their phones and put them together to compare the contact lists. From this, they can easily tell, for example, Melissa and I are their common friends, and so on. However, if they take this approach, then Alice would have to reveal all her other friends to Bob and vice versa. As cryptographers, they might not want to reveal such kind of information to each other. What is even worse, nowadays all the conferences are virtual, so this is not even an option. What they can do instead is to run a cryptographic protocol where they exchange encrypted messages and compute all encrypted messages, and somehow by the end of the protocol, they will learn their common friends, but nothing more. In particular, Alice would have no idea about Bob's other friends and vice versa. This is what we call private setting transaction, or PSI for short. It is a special case of secure two-party computation. Although the functionality that they want to jointly compute is very simple, PSI has found a lot of applications in practice, for example, private contact discovery, password breach alert, ad conversion measurement, and many more. There has been a lot of work on PSI in the literature in different scenarios and different settings, but in this work, we will focus on the semi-honest security model where both parties follow the protocol honestly but are curious about the other party's input, and we assume the two sets have roughly the same size. In this scenario, which protocol should we adopt in practice? We are obviously the most efficient one, but when we think about the concrete efficiency, most of the time there is a trade-off between computation and communication. If we draw a line between computational efficiency and communication efficiency, there is actually one PSI protocol at each end. On the one hand, in 2016, Kolasnikov et al. gave a PSI protocol that is computationally very efficient, but it requires a bit more communication, so it is the best fit for networks with very high bandwidth. On the other hand, last year, Pinkas et al. gave another PSI protocol called Spotlight, which achieves very low communication but requires a bit more expensive computation, so it is the best fit for networks with very low bandwidth. In the same work, they proposed a new metric called Monetary Cost, which takes both computation and communication into consideration and asks what is the most cost-effective PSI protocol. In this work, we ask the question whether we can achieve a better balance between computation and communication, and here is what we achieved. First, we construct a new PSI protocol that achieves a better balance between computation and communication, so it is the best fit for the Internet setting where the network bandwidth is not too high and not too low. For example, between 30 and 100 Mbps, our protocol is the most efficient. And second, our PSI protocol is semi-onion secure, but we can actually prove its maliciously secure against one party almost for free. I will get back to this point later in this talk. And finally, because we can achieve a better balance between computation and communication, our protocol also achieves the lowest monetary cost compared to the existing works in a lot of real-world scenarios. So this is our result. Now let's move on to the more technical part. Our starting point is the KKRT PSI, which is computationally very efficient, and their major building block is a primitive called single-point OPRF, and they constructed a single-point OPRF from OT extension and symmetric-key cryptographic operations only. So overall, it is computationally very efficient. However, to construct PSI from single-point OPRF, they need to use a data structure called KUKU hashing, and that's why they require a bit more communication. I will explain that later. In our work, we construct PSI from another primitive called multi-point OPRF, so that we can get rid of the KUKU hashing and reduce the overall communication. But we can also construct multi-point OPRF from OT extension and symmetric-key cryptographic operations only. So our protocol is still computationally very efficient. As a side note, the work of PRTY or spotlight also follows the same paradigm, but they constructed multi-point OPRF from OT extension and polynomial interpolation over a large field, and that's why they are computationally much more expensive. In the remaining of the talk, I will first tell you what is single-point OPRF and how to construct PSI from single-point OPRF using KUKU hashing, and then what is multi-point OPRF and how to construct PSI from multi-point OPRF. Next, I will briefly talk about how to construct single-point OPRF from OT extension and symmetric-key cryptographic operations and how to generalize these ideas to achieve multi-point OPRF. First, what is single-point OPRF? It is short for single-point oblivious pseudo-random function, which is a special case of a secure two-party computation protocol between Alice and Bob, where Alice has no input and Bob has a single input Y. And from the secure two-party computation protocol, Alice will learn a PRF key K and Bob will learn the PRF evaluated on his input Y. This is the functionality of single-point OPRF and given this primitive, we can construct a single-point PSI where Alice has a set of elements, while Bob has a single element Y in his set. To achieve the single-point PSI, the two parties first run the single-point OPRF and then Alice will evaluate the PRF on every element in her set and send all the PRF values to Bob. By comparing these PRF values with the PRF value of K of Y, Bob can easily tell whether Y is in the set X or not. But how can we achieve general PSI? A naive approach would be to run a single-point PSI for each element in Bob's set, but then both computation and communication have to grow quadratically in the number of elements. What they did in KKRT instead is to use a data structure called cuckoo hashing and the high-level idea is the following. Bob will construct a hash table that is slightly bigger than his set and then for each element in his set, he will compute two public hash functions on the element to generate two random positions in this hash table. For example, Y1 could be put into these two bins of the hash table. Y2 can be put into these two bins of the hash table and so on. And the data structure of the cuckoo hashing has the guarantee that every element can be put into one of the two bins and every bin has at most one element. And then the two parties will run a bunch of single-point OPRFs one OPRF per bin of the hash table. And then for each element in Alice's set, she will also compute the two public hash functions on this element to generate two bins of the hash table. But she doesn't know which bin Bob could have potentially put this element into. So she has to evaluate the PRF on this element under both keys and send both PRF values to Bob and similarly for X2 and so on. In fact, Alice has to send more PRF values per element in her set because if you are familiar with cuckoo hashing, there is actually an extra small stash that elements could have been potentially put into. And so Alice has to compute a PRF on every element under each key in the stash. But if you're not familiar with cuckoo hashing, that's fine. Forget what I said. The key takeaway here is that Alice has to send multiple PRF values per element in her set and that's why it requires more communication especially from Alice to Bob. And the fundamental issue is that they can only achieve single-point OPRF. If they can achieve multi-point OPRF, well, Bob has multiple elements as input and as the output, Bob learns the PRF evaluated on all the elements. Then we can achieve PSI very easily where the two parties first run multi-point OPRF and then Alice will evaluate the PRF on every element in her set and send all the PRF values to Bob. By comparing these PRF values, Bob can easily figure out the intersection of the two sets. So far we have seen how to construct PSI from single-point OPRF using cuckoo hashing and how to construct PSI from multi-point OPRF to get rid of the cuckoo hashing so we can reduce the communication especially from Alice to Bob. In the remaining of the talk, I will first briefly talk about how to construct a single-point OPRF from OT extension and symmetric key cryptographic operations and how to generalize these ideas to multi-point OPRF. But before that, a key primitive that we will use is oblivious transfer or OT for short, which is again a special secure two-party computation protocol between two parties. We call them sender and receiver. Where the sender has two arbitrary messages M0 and M1 as input and the receiver has a single bit B as input. And from the secure two-party computation protocol, the receiver will learn one of the two messages depending on her choice bit B and the other message is hidden to her while the sender learns nothing about the receiver's choice bit. This primitive oblivious transfer requires public key operations so it is computationally expensive. But if we are doing a large number of OTs then they can actually be done by a small number of public key operations or the lambda of them where lambda is a security parameter and all the remaining operations are symmetric key using the OT extension. So the overall computation is still very efficient. Now let's see how to construct a single point OPRF from OT. First, Alice will generate a random lambda bit string S where lambda is some security parameter and Bob will generate two lambda bit strings R0 and R1 where R0 is random and R1 is computed as follows. On his input Y, he will first compute a function F or Y which outputs a lambda bit string. We want this function F to be pseudo random and deterministic. For example, you can think of it as a PRF with the PRF key known to both parties. So this F of X produces a pseudo random lambda bit string and then R1 is computed as a bitwise X or of R0 and F of Y. Then after this, Alice and Bob will run lambda instances of OT where Alice is the receiver and Bob is the sender. In particular, the first OT has these two as the messages and this bit as the choice bit. And the second OT has these two as the messages and this bit as the choice bit and so on. By the end of the OT Alice will learn a lambda bit string Q and you can actually rewrite it as R0 X or with the bitwise end of S and F of Y. But this string Q looks random to Alice so it doesn't reveal any information about Y. And then we are done. So what is the output of Alice and Bob? The output of Bob is the PRF evaluated on Y which is computed as H of R0 where H is a hash function. On Alice's side the output of Alice is the PRF key K which consists of two bit strings S and Q. To evaluate the PRF on an input X, Alice will first compute F of X which produces a pseudo random bit string and then she will first take the bitwise end of S and F of X and then X or with Q and finally compute a hash function on top of it. And this can actually be rewritten as this formula which is a bit hard to process but the key takeaways here is the following. First, if X is equal to Y then F of X is equal to F of Y so this will be cancelled out and then the output will be equal to H of R0 no matter what S is chosen. On the other hand, if X is not equal to Y then a lot of the bits between F of X and F of Y would be different so they cannot be cancelled out. As a result, the output of FK of X would be harder to guess for Bob unless he can guess correctly for a lot of bits in S. So these are the two takeaways and now we're going to generalize these two takeaways to multipoint OPRF and here's the construction. First, Alice will generate a lambda random bit string S and Bob will generate two matrices R0, R1 each of dimension N times lambda where R0 is a random matrix and R1 is constructed as follows. For each element in his set, for example Y1, he will first compute F of Y1 which outputs one position in each column of the matrix. Again, we want this function to be pseudo random and deterministic so F of Y1 would output one pseudo random position in each column of the matrix and then Bob will copy these bits in these positions from R0 to R1 and similarly for Y2, he will compute F of Y2 which produces a pseudo random position in each column of the matrix and then he will copy the bits in these positions from R0 to R1 and similarly he will do this for every element in his set and then for the remaining empty positions he will flip the bits in these positions from R0 to R1. Okay. And then after this Alice and Bob will again run lambda instances of OT where Alice is the receiver and Bob is the sender. In particular, the first OT has these two columns of the matrices as the messages and this bit as the choice bit and the second OT has these two columns as the messages and this bit as the choice bit and so on. By the end of the OT Alice will learn one column of the matrix per OT to form a matrix of dimension n times lambda and this matrix would be her PRF key K. To evaluate the PRF on input X she will first compute F of X to produce a random position in each column of the matrix and then she will take all these bits to compute a hash on top of it. This will be the output of the PRF and then on Bob's side to compute the PRF on YI he will also first compute F of YI to produce the pseudo random position in each column of the matrix and then take all these bits to compute a hash on top. This will be the PRF value for FK of YI. If you think about it, we actually have the same guarantees as before. In particular, if X is equal to some YI then we have the guarantee that all these bits in these positions would be the same for both R0 and R1. So the output of FK of X would be equal to FK of YI no matter what S is chosen. On the other hand, if X is not in the set of Y then among these bits there will be a lot of differences between R0 and R1. So it will be hard to guess FK of X for Bob unless you can guess correctly a lot of bits in S. And then we are done. I want to briefly mention that we can actually prove security against a malicious Alice because if you think about it what Alice can learn from this OT is a matrix that is information theoretically random. So she doesn't learn anything about Bob's inputs. And if we assume the hash function to be a random oracle then it will be easy to extract her inputs. And then we are done. To summarize, we construct a new PSI protocol from multi-point OPRF to get rid of the usage of cuckoo hashing so we can reduce the communication from Alice to Bob. But since we can construct a multi-point OPRF from OT extension and symmetric key cryptographic operations only our computation is also very efficient. Finally, to mention a couple of open problems so our PSI protocol is somewhere between KKRT and PRTY. So an interesting question would be can we achieve the best of both worlds? Can we achieve the best computation as well as the best communication? And the second question is our protocol can achieve malicious security against Alice almost for free. Can we achieve malicious security against Bob without much loss in the efficiency? And that's it. Thank you for watching.


Should get you that world championship game yesterday. Best in the world? Well, technically, they are because nobody else plays, but. Yeah. I mean, that's true. I think that's their reasoning. Yes. Technically, we are the best in the world because no other country plays. It's true. So by elimination, yeah, of everybody else. I mean, we've extended a hypothetical invitation to the rest of the world, but they've declined. So in their absence, we are clearly the best in the world. That's a very American way of thinking. It is.  We're Americans. Nick Falson, Instagram, Twitter for more juicy content. Thank you for watching. Patreon follows to the accounts that I've like. Yeah, the Super Bowl is about as just, it's a giant advertisement of how many things are so bad about us. As Americans, everything about the soup. Did you see the prices of the food inside the Super Bowl? Yeah. See how much Jesus paid for ads. Yeah, I did. Isn't that great? Yeah. Yeah, I love that. Did it last Super Bowl too? I wonder how many people you could help with $14 million. I wonder how many people said, yeah, I gave my life to the Lord. But I've just, right after that Super Bowl ad. So infuriating. Yeah, it's just nauseating. Any way.   I liked a couple of them. Michael Sarah. You did?  Which, which, oh, the Sarah? Michael Sarah. He said, let my cream moisturize you. That's, that's, that one's okay. And then I like the Dunkin' Donuts one too. But there used to, there used to be, there used to, Super Bowl commercials used to be something.  They used to. Welcome back and today we're doing another watch along. Watch me, watch me. And it's of a film we wanted to watch in theaters. No, not really. We didn't want to see this. Did not get a chance. No, I got wide distribution. We just said net. That didn't come here. Well, it didn't come close to here. It came far from here. Just not close to here. It was very strange to us. Being a Danish film and directed by a director that we enjoyed his first film in Rocky. Yes. Which is a great film. Arjun, say his name. Arun Matheswaden. And this is Captain Miller with Danoosh. A man leaves and turns against the British-led Indian military after witnessing atrocities. Yes. I wonder what atrocity he sees. I can't think of a one that the British did to the Indian. Yeah, it's a thinker. It's a thinker, for sure. Anyways. Anyways, if you're seeing this on YouTube, obviously you're going to see a very kind of. Atrocities. Yeah, atrocities. It's a type of, it's a type of, it's just certain kinds of teas that the British, the British gave to the Indians. Yes, yes, yes, yes. If you're seeing this on YouTube, you're going to see a very kind of version. I feel like it's the full uncut version, though. You can have it a Patreon. Patreon, Patreon, the uncut version's there. I'll put the link in the description below in the pinned comment so you can go check that out. And yeah, they got it because of copyright reasons. And let's just get into this, huh? Here we go. Killer, killer, Captain Miller. Are you a dinosaur? Smoking causes cancer. Smoking kills. Give me one piece of evidence that shows that. Seriously.  Next, you're going to say intercourse can cause pregnancy.  Lies. Said that these are partly fictitious and partly based on true events. Yep. It may be true, it may not be true. It's like Billy Joel, you may be right. I may be crazy. Yes, yes. Kill all the bad, bad white actors. Shoot them. Keep an eye out for our great white ghost, though. Oh, he's here, huh? Yeah, good. Don't shoot, Bennington. Those machine gun shots were the triplets of the rhythm. Diggity, diggy, diggy, diggy... Over there. Diggy, diggy, diggy... Yeah. Oh! 50 bullets. Is it for killing a monster by saying his name? Or is it for not killing the captain before his name? I thought I should have told you 100 times. But I've been told that I'll be able to see the heroes.  He'll say we won't break through. My mother was here. Who are you? I'm thinking of her. Velumathi. Rasa's brother, Mavan. His mother died when he was a kid. Rasa and her mother are growing up to the age of 18. Rasa and her mother died when Rasa and her mother died. Rasa has a father. They have a son-in-law. Who is he? Who is he going to be? Who gave you the right to beat them up? If this is the people's fault, we'll have to find that temple. Yes. You're the one who's going to break through. Shall we go inside? We don't have any issues with anyone's trust. If Sakunthala wasn't here, I wouldn't have been alive for the job you did. But for another time, no one can save you from the evil spirits. You'll be in trouble.  As women, we're subservient. We have to be on the right track to listen to the men we're talking to. I'm going inside. I'll talk to her. If the evil spirits get rid of me, I won't go to the temple. Okay? Why do you keep on taking care of me? You go, Rasa. She's getting married. She's got the news that she's going to run away from the temple. She's going to get caught with our men. We've got a reason to kill her. If Sakunthala was here, she wouldn't have done anything. Send her to Madras. Do you know how dangerous it is? We'll take care of you no matter what. Come. Come, Velumathi. I'm going to the temple, Senghan. I thought it was for you. Now, I've decided. Are you going to the temple? Who's going to the temple? Are you going to save the country from the evil spirits and give them to the king? Yes. Will you let us go to the temple? Tell me, Senghan. Will you let us go to the temple? They're trying to save us. Are you talking about your mother, Senghan? Even when she died, I kept telling her your name. I don't even know if I'm alive or not. Where did you go, Senghan? Who are you to me? Why did you go to the temple? I'm not a carpenter. Sipai miller. General miller. Captain miller. Isn't it nice? Captain? There's a lot of money for that. If you don't understand my name, he's the one who made it. If you don't understand his name, you're going to ruin our lives. Steepan. Steepan. Who did this to you? Who is this foreigner? He's our citizen. He didn't even know that he killed his mother. He has been roaming around without letting her sleep. There he is. Is that him? No. I think it is. In the front? I think so. Where did you get this? Massacre that happened. I mean, I believe it. You threw it. There are 300 people who are going to the cemetery. I gave one of them to Senghan. He said so much and you went to the cemetery. You're the name of this village. Leave us alone. Come on. Two years ago, when we went to the cemetery near Rettamal, we got caught by the rangers. That's when I saw him. We saw him, right? He was over 100 years old. He was wearing a net. He was a cemetery man. We need people like him. Where is Jambul? That's your name. That's my brother's name. The weapons we use are given to the Chettas in Dhanushkodi's army. We get money from weapons. If we need it, we get money from weapons. He is the only one for him. He is his friend. You've changed a lot. I'm talking to the village. Let's go to our village. Our village? Our village? There is no one in Jadhi who is a man who has lost his life. He is a man who has lost his life. He is a man who has lost his life. Hold that side. Hold this side.


Why are college degrees, especially the ones in the United States, so expensive? And why is it that the average person will spend around $80,000 on a college education and go almost $40,000 in debt? And why is it that that debt will take them on average 15 to 20 years to pay off? In this video, we're going to be going over just those questions. The main reasons why college degrees are so expensive here in the US and what you can do about it. And by the way, guys, links to my college 101 course down in the description just finished it. It took me months of hard work to get this thing done. I'm very proud of the results. And basically what it's going to teach you is how to get the most out of college with the least amount of effort, how to get your first entry level job after graduating, and how to choose your dream college major. It'll only be available at this discounted price for a short amount of time. And I'm not saying that. So definitely check that out down in the description if you basically want all of your college related issues solved in one product. Don't let these colleges take advantage of you. And also, if you haven't done it already, gently boot the like button in order to defeat the evil YouTube algorithm. You know, I don't have a million dollar budget to spend on, you know, marketing like a lot of these colleges do. And so I rely on you liking and sharing the content in order to get my message out. So with that being said, let's jump right into it and talk about the first reason that college degrees are so expensive here in the United States. And that is that people think of college as the golden ticket to success. Now, I've gone over this in detail in other videos on my channel about basically whether college is worth it, right? Is a college degree worth it? And the short answer to that is most of the time on average. Yes, a college degree is going to be worth it. However, this is just an average. And when you look into the details more closely, you'll see that there are certain college degrees that are propping up a bunch of them that are at the bottom, right? So there are certain college degrees that are definitely worth it when it comes to, you know, how much you're putting in versus how much you're getting out. Whereas there's other college degrees where it's very questionable. And then some are just straight up not worth it. Now, I think where this belief comes from is if you go back maybe 20 or 30 years, you could pretty much get any college degree and you're going to be good to go. All businesses wanted to see is that you had a college degree and then they were going to hire you, even if it was for a pretty unrelated job. And over time it morphed into a situation where a college degree was almost seen as part of the American dream. So you basically needed a college degree in order to be successful. Now, realistically speaking, 80% of millionaires, 90% of billionaires and 95% of Fortune 500 CEOs do have a college degree. But you have to ask yourself the question. Is it just correlation or is it causation? Right? So did them getting a college degree help them become millionaires, billionaires, Fortune 500 CEOs? Or was it kind of the other way? Maybe it was that they were just very smart and driven in the first place. And because they're so smart and driven, they were able to get a college degree and achieve all those amazing things. And the truth probably lies somewhere in the middle. But that's not the point of this video. The point here is because of the fact that people thought college degree was a golden ticket to success, they wanted to make it accessible to everybody, whether you were a rich person or a poor person. Now that on its face sounds like a very good thing. And, you know, coming from somebody who was dirt poor, came from a very poor background, I appreciate the fact that they wanted to do this for me. However, the way they're running it and incentivizing it is not the best way. There's other countries that do this in a much more intelligent way. And that's why their college degrees don't cost nearly as much. Because of the way they've structured this, what has ended up happening is college is basically just a blank check for universities to write just about any number that they want. And that's why the cost of college has gone up faster than any other type of service. And it's probably somewhere between three and four times more expensive than it should be. And that's the second point on this list, which is the cost of college is essentially just a blank check for universities. So because of the way it's structured, costs have continued to go up. And that's why we have gotten into this situation where we've got $1.8 trillion in student loan debt. And the average person is going around $40,000 in debt in order to get their education. So because of the way that this is structured, if you're not careful, this can actually hurt you, especially if you come from a lower or middle class background, more than it helps you. And that brings me to the third point, which is there's pretty much no vetting process. And by that, I mean there's no process where in just about any other type of loan, they make sure they look at your background, your credit history, et cetera, before they give you the loan, right? So let's say you're trying to get a car loan or a mortgage loan, a loan for a house. They are going to look at a bunch of different factors before they give you a loan and an interest rate on that loan. The way that college student loans work with FASFA is they pretty much just give loans to anybody who needs them. And this is very similar to what they were doing with mortgages right before the 2008 financial crisis. They were giving mortgages out to anybody without really looking at their financial history. Everyone was getting approved and we all saw what that led to. Now, at first, this whole idea of not really having a vetting process was probably a good thing just because the cost of college wasn't very high. But over time, because of the previous point, the whole blank check thing, the cost of college has gotten higher and higher. And now this whole vetting process is becoming a big problem. And this is why it is taking people on average about 20 years to pay off their student loans. And the big thing I want you to think about here is there's pretty much no consequences to these universities, right?  They have no skin in the game here and you have to deal with the results. And so because of the way this system is set up, this basically incentivizes universities to tell you, hey, get an art history degree, go after your passions, even though there's absolutely pretty much no prospects of you getting a job. And this brings me to point number four, which is college is no longer about getting an education. That's only a very small amount. So this is in several different ways. First of all, the professors that are gonna be teaching you in college, a lot of the time, especially at the bigger universities, are researchers first. So their primary job is to do research and get grants and teachers second. So that's just like a little side thing that they do.  Their big thing that they're doing is research. Now I've broken this down in other videos about where all of that money is going and you can check those other videos out, but basically a significant amount of money, more money than is going to your actual education is going to things like rock climbing, right? Building rock climbing walls and doing research and the college's marketing department and building football stadiums, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. And then the rest of your tuition is going into these schools endowment fund, which is basically just a fancy word for a hedge fund, right? So a very small amount of your tuition is going towards paying for your actual education. And this is why other countries are able to give people really good educations at a fraction of the cost. Now, you might argue that an education here in the US is better than an education in other places. And it's really hard to argue against that or for that, honestly, nobody really knows, but I can tell you that it's probably not twice as good, three times as good or four times as good, that's for sure. Now, on top of the student loan debt itself, this brings me to my next point, which is student loan debt interest is much worse than you probably think it is. Now, when you see the amount of student loan interest that you have to pay on the debt that you take out, which by the way right now is fluctuating, but usually it's about four to 5%, let's just say 5% interest. So let's say you take out $100,000 in student loans, that means you have to pay 5% interest on that $100,000 every single year. But this is a type of debt that is guaranteed by the federal government. What that basically means is you cannot get out of it. So let's say you started a business, for instance, and you took out $100,000 in debt at 5% interest and the business failed, you can declare bankruptcy and you don't have to pay that back. Now, it's a really messy process, but you have that option. With student loan debt, if you declare bankruptcy, you still have the student loan debt, 99.9% of the time. And it's even worse for grad school debt, right?  And this is why people who become doctors or dentists or lawyers, et cetera, they might take out $200,000 in student loans, but they end up paying $500,000 by the time it's fully paid off. And thinking about this from a different perspective, think about how attractive it is that you cannot default on these loans from the perspective of a loan shark on Wall Street. They absolutely love student debt and that's why there is an entire industry around servicing student loan debt and they make so much money.  The next biggest issue that I see is people get degrees that don't teach you employable skills.  And the reason for this is because you need to get a return on your investment.  You need to make sure that you can pay that off. Right, so just to give you an example here, getting an engineering degree, on average you'll be able to pay that off around five times faster than someone who gets a psychology degree. So this is just an example, but you know with an engineering degree, maybe you're able to pay off all of that debt in four years versus someone who gets a psychology degree might take 20 years. So this is something that you just need to think about. You know, I wish it wasn't this way, but unfortunately getting a college degree is no longer just a golden ticket to success. And you do have to think about it in terms of return on investment. Now the next thing, this is number seven, which is grad school is basically like an upsell. So if you've studied business at all, a lot of the time businesses will have a main product and then other products that are upsells. And sometimes the upsells make more money than the normal product. And this is becoming more and more true when it comes to student loans. And the reason for this is because grad school is much more expensive and the student loan debt has much worse interest rates. So it's usually around 7%. Now again, this is on average, you may be able to get a stipend or some type of grant in order to attend grad school for free. And that would change things of course, but if you're not able to, grad school is much, much more expensive. So on average, PhDs are $108,000 in debt. Masters are around 66,000 in debt and professional doctorates are around 186,000. So professional doctorates would be something like a medical doctor, lawyer, et cetera. And so unfortunately, I'm not saying all universities are like this, but it makes sense from a business perspective for them to get you to go back to school. And so if you were to get an undergraduate degree that pays for itself, where it's a good return on investment, you might be like, you know what? I don't wanna go back to school. I don't wanna get a master's or a doctorate. However, if you get an undergraduate degree where your job prospects are horrible and you find that out, you're very likely to go back to school, get a master's or a doctorate in order to give yourself better chances. And this is what happens to people over and over again.  Sometimes people will leave comments down below getting really angry at me telling me, you know, getting a PhD is a great thing. And guess what? Hey, I'm not saying it's not a great thing for certain people, but I think there's a lot of people who are getting into it that have no idea what they're doing to themselves. And I've seen this happen over and over again. People falling into this trap of getting an undergraduate degree where they can't get a job and they're pretty much forced to get a graduate level degree, which sometimes it helps them get a job. Sometimes it doesn't, but it almost always is going to end up with them in even more debt. And I make these videos in order to help you to not end up in this circumstance, okay? I'm not doing this to hurt your feelings or anything like that. And I'm also not saying I'm right about everything. If you think I'm wrong about certain things, comment down below. I'm very open-minded. But like I said, these colleges have millions of dollars to spend on marketing and I'm just one guy who makes videos. So if you want to get the word out about this, go ahead, share the video, like it. And if you haven't done it already, subscribe to the channel. Other than that, check out my other videos right here because I made them just for you.


The narrative that this war was unprovoked prevents peace. Vladimir Putin has approved the annexation of four territories in eastern Ukraine, whose addition to the Russian Federation now await authorization from Russia's other branches of government. The Zelensky government responded to the move by applying to join NATO, only to be immediately shut down by US and NATO officials. Can't have sacrificial ponds trying to rise above their station on the Grand Chess Board after all. But the Empire's proxy war against Russia continues, and the Ukrainian government has announced its intentions to drive out Russia from all the Ukrainian territories it has claimed as its own. For our plans Russia's annexation doesn't matter, Zelensky advisor Mikhailo Podoliak told Politico, adding that Ukraine will protect our land using all our forces and should liberate all its territories. The plan to reclaim territories annexed by Russia will, according to Zelensky, also include Crimea, which was annexed in 2014. All this talk about preparing a massive western-backed counter-offensive to recapture annexed territories from Russia, whose ranks are being reinforced with an additional 300,000 reservists, comes as Putin suggests that nuclear weapons may be used to protect what Moscow considers parts of Russia. Russia, like the United States, is one of the nuclear-armed nations without a no-first-use policy. So we appear to be on a collision course toward a massive escalation between two nuclear-armed powers. The more things escalate, the more likely it is that a nuclear weapon may be used, either deliberately or as a result of miscommunication or malfunction, as nearly happened many times during the last Cold War. Once one nuke is used, the odds go up astronomically that a great many more will immediately follow, with variables on this outcome including the location where it detonates, and how cool all the relevant heads happen to be at that particular historical moment. It is therefore no exaggeration to say that the human species has a vested interest in de-escalation and détente right away. Avoiding nuclear war is the single most important agenda in the entire world without exception. It is the single most important agenda that has ever existed in all of history.  And they do this, because that's what they were trained to do. As Noam Chomsky has been pointing out repeatedly, the political media class has been continually indoctrinating the public with the completely false narrative that Russia's invasion of Ukraine was unprovoked. Every time the war comes up, the imperial spinmeisters utter that slogan in much the same way Michael Jackson had a quota for how often MTV hosts were obligated to refer to him as the King of Pop Michael Jackson whenever his name was mentioned. But what does it mean if the war is unprovoked? It means Putin didn't invade Ukraine because of anything the Western Empire was doing, so it couldn't have been prevented by the Western Empire behaving less aggressively on Russia's borders. It means Putin necessarily invaded because he is some kind of evil madman who loves to commit war crimes or a megalomaniacal tyrant who wants to conquer the world because he hates freedom and democracy, which means he will keep attacking and invading other countries unless he has stopped, which means the only answer to the Putin problem is more war. This is why empire apologists get angry at those who advocate the only sane and rational position toward nuclear brinkmanship by calling for de-escalation and détente. It's because they've been aggressively indoctrinated into the belief that war is the only answer. The moronic narrative that the invasion of Ukraine was unprovoked actually poses a massive obstacle to peace because if Putin is just attacking and invading countries solely because he is crazy and evil, it means détente is impossible and he won't stop until he's decisively crushed. If it's accepted that the US Empire has played no role in provoking Putin's actions, that means there's nothing the Empire could do to make continued Russian aggression less likely apart from regime change or at least severely crippling and punishing Russia's military. As long as the fact that this war was provoked remains unacknowledged by the side that provoked it, the sane path of de-escalation and détente will look like reckless appeasement of an irrational madman and aggressive escalations of nuclear brinkmanship will look like sanity. The absurd position that Putin is an irrational actor with some kind of weird sexual fetish for war crimes is a one-way ticket to endlessly escalating war and eventually nuclear annihilation because it leaves you with no options but continually intensifying military confrontation. The claim that peace is impossible and Putin must be crushed imperils the whole world. Even to deliver total victory in Ukraine, pushing Russia back to its 2014 borders, could easily end up costing millions of lives and trillions of dollars and exponentially increase the risk of nuclear war with no guarantee of success at all. But even if you did push Putin all the way out of Ukraine, what then?  The internal logic of your narrative says the attacks on Russia must continue until you get regime change. There's no stopping point on your line of thinking until there's a direct hot confrontation between nuclear superpowers. Be an adult and engage your critical thinking. Does a madman who goes around invading countries solely because he's evil and hates freedom sound like a real life human being to you? Or does it sound made up? Like something you'd see in a Hollywood movie. Like something that was concocted by people responsible for controlling the dominant narratives of our society and funneled into your mind using media. Marvel supervillains have more depth and complexity than the one-dimensional characters the Imperial spin machine concocts to represent its official enemies. Thanos was a more believable character with more understandable and nuanced motivations than the propaganda machine's fictional representation of Putin. That representation has been overlaid on top of the actual government official who you might not necessarily agree with but can definitely understand and engage in diplomacy and negotiation. People who believe the Empire's narratives about its official enemies have less critical thinking skills than your average Marvel movie viewer. Think. Be a grown up and think. Someone's benefiting from the aggressively promulgated narrative that peace is impossible and war is the only solution. And that someone isn't you.