What tools can you suggest that small businesses have in their arsenal based on your experiences of teaching the buyers? Are there any other tools? We talked about obviously there's a shortage or weakness and being able to train them. But are there things that you've seen that may be able to assist them? I think it would be just very valuable to have just like a meeting of the minds for a small business to sit down with like a contracting officer and just kind of go through some things and have recently I was talking to someone from a small business. And in the DC area, things are very, very competitive, very cutthroat among small businesses and everyone's trying to win government contracts. And in small business they didn't have any preferences. So what I mean by that is like many contractors are what have woman-owned preference or service disabled veteran-owned preference or something like that. In this small business, they were a very great small business and I know they're very competent and provide a very high level of services to the government. But they were wondering, you know, what do you think we could do to get more government contracts? And I kind of asked them some questions before realizing they didn't have any preference. And I looked on the SBA hub zone map and realized, well, there's actually a designated hub zone that's within a mile of your current office. Have you thought about maybe considering moving your office headquarters to within that hub zone so you can get like a 10% price evaluation preference and you can be more competitive price-wise to maybe win some additional contracts. So things like that, a lot of small businesses really don't have any clue about, you know, hub zone or what it is until they talk to a contracting officer. So things like that I think would be very, very good for small businesses to maybe hire a consultant or someone with federal contracting experience to just kind of go through their stuff. Okay. Okay. No, that makes a lot of sense. It makes a lot of sense. Yeah. No, I just wonder because sometimes offices you're teaching the courses and the classes and people might want to, might share in their opinion or experiences of working with small businesses. I didn't know if you had, could offer some, some insight to what the contracting folks are saying about us out there because we never get to hear that stuff, right? We don't know what they're saying about us or how they feel. We just, I know that sometimes you call some and they're very excited to work with small businesses and then you call others and they tell you to go to a website and look online at their projects. Yeah. Within the DOD, the vast majority of our students in the DC area come from the Navy and they're typically working the larger programs so they're not having as much interaction with, with small businesses probably in some of the other areas or in the other federal agencies. Okay. All right. Yeah. Yeah, that's true. That makes sense. Okay. All right. Well, going back to ask, talk to the contracting officer. What kind of questions do you think they could ask the contracting officer? When they did finally get one in front of them? I think it would be good to just have a contracting officer or someone with a contracting officer experience take a look at their proposals that they submit and say, hey, how do you think that we could maybe submit a better proposal? And by looking at this proposal, at the cost proposal, what are some things that we're doing that, you know, maybe might be not be done right? I do remember, and this, this takes me back probably eight, nine years, but I was doing a work with a small business back in Dayton, Ohio. Okay. And, and they, they had submitted cost proposals and they were managing a subcontractor and paying the subcontractor over a million dollars per year, but they weren't charging the government any profit or fee for performing that work of managing that subcontractor. They were just charging the government the exact cost of the invoices that were given to the government and they weren't adding any profit or fee on that. And me, the acquisition, you know, specialist at that point, I'm not going to give it to you unless you, unless you ask for it, unless you burden that portion of your cost proposal. So I think that'd be a really good way to really help small businesses get the dollars that they're entitled to.


One way we make a positive impact is by recognizing accomplishments that bring value to our organization. Today, International Women's Day, we highlight the achievements of Navy women in aviation, acknowledging that these trailblazers have made us, and continue to make us, a stronger and more capable service. In 1917, the U.S. Navy was the first military service to enlist women in fields other than nursing. One of these enlisted women was Yeoman 1st Class Joy Bright. In World War II, she became an officer in the Navy and recommended that women be employed in aviation. Bright Hancock's advocacy generated the elite group of women accepted and volunteer emergency services, WAVES, that charted a new course in air navigation during World War II, some of whom served as state-side navigators training male pilots in navigation skills. From Joy Bright Hancock, I leave you with this quote, I shall always owe a debt of gratitude to the WAVES, for they, by their performance and dedication, made our accomplishment possible. Lead well this week.


Everybody with the gel set for who? Jay-Z. Jay-Z. Damn. What did you think when you heard him say your name cleverly in that song? Favorite guy. Do you really, first of all, do you know Jay-Z? Yeah, we gotta ask you this. I mean, cause Jay-Z put you in a song and he don't make many. Not no more.  What's up with you and Jay-Z, man? Nothing, man. I don't have nothing against Jay-Z. I've never did. I just, I just saw something. I was like, I was listening. I'm listening. You talking to somebody that's from that, I used to hide that. But he's, he's, he was in the streets.  No, that's my partner. But there's some ups and downs about that. I heard that he wasn't in there. You know, you don't even get songs. The guy you talking about is my partner. I'm calling right now. So you say, Okay, so he's not like that. Who? Like that.  The interesting thing about Plyes, what Plyes took on the role of his brother. Plyes. All due, it's an avatar. So he took, but rappers have this thing to say that I'm talking my real life. This is what I, this is what I rap. That's what rappers say. That's what they say. So please. This is the last time.  I listen to me.  All day long.  I'm, I'm, I don't know why. Listen to me. Listen to me. What's up? What was the, in that era, what was the one thing you didn't hear? Well, I'm going to be honest with you. Being one that's a real stumped down street cat that we wouldn't, I wasn't telling nobody. Nobody? No, no, no. My shoe was clean too. Why it was clean. I didn't want the same thing twice. And I really didn't care if you knew about it. But I don't even want people to know when I went out to the club. But you weren't a rapper. Rappers told him. He wasn't a rapper. Listen to me now. Listen to me now. There are cases that are unsolved and they're always being, trying to be solved. True. I'm approving to you right now.  We use the things. The Rico. We sell cocaine. We do, we do. Really. Dust off them files. It's true. We have that guy right here. He's here. This guy here. All these niggas up. They telling and everything right now. Somebody snitching you. Snitching on yourself. But that's what I'm saying. These vague dope stories that don't add up. You can listen to P. How to make crack to this. That niggas stole cocaine. It's too precise. It's too, like this thing you know what I'm talking about.  Because I never hear the other side of it. Only here I'm buying Benzes. I'm buying Rolexes. I'm buying Jaguars. Maybe he's just smart about it. Maybe he's just smart about it. No. No.  It's the real.  Time you got jacked. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. The time they sold you cupcake. Yeah. That's real. They sold you two T.D. Jake books. I know no one do pay 37,000 with two T.D. Jake books. All them stories. They gave it to him on the highway. Because he trusted him. All the stories. He got two books. All them stories. They're real stories. No, I know. I know these guys. That's T.K. Kirkland about, um... What's the niggie name he couldn't have? Uh... Has T.K. been on there? Not yet. We've been... I've been going back and forth. I'm going to get it. Ask him what? Ask T.K. about the niggas. It was a parking park. They got Aaron. They kidnapped. Okay. They kidnapped him. Ask T.K. about that. So you think Jake was even on the block at all? Watching. Okay. The streets is watching. What did you think? I think personally, you ever heard of Dungeons & Dragons? Yeah. I think he's one of those guys. And applied Dungeons & Dragons to rap. That's what I think. Because when you look at Jay-Z, Jay-Z had a lot of people around him. Yes. Yes. So he could have been up in anybody else's. Yes. The Haven. Yeah. You know what I'm saying? Yeah. All them boys. Everybody with the jail set for who? Jay-Z. Jay-Z. Damn. Why did you think when you heard him say your name cleverly in this song? I didn't know he was saying my name to someone else. I listened to it three times and he was saying, Face on when they were there. Somebody said, moist like Ah yeah. It's honestly I think he is a class head guy. And I think he was him leaking to me going, I hear you. I hear you.   Like the ride is over, he's here like, ah.  It really happened, I'm an art dealer now. He love that art, he love it, he love it.  That art has got that money in it too though, I get it. And so I just started being and rapping in a ship with my homie from Houston, taught me how to rap. And so, you know, once I started doing that and you were running across in Virginia, that was that middle piece. You know what I'm saying? Where everybody from New York, they hustled in Virginia. Everybody from D.C. hustled in Virginia, then they all went hustle in North Carolina. So I ran across to Jay-Z's before he was... Actually Jay-Z, wow. When he was on the jazz song, Hawaiian Sophie, Jay used to be down there, you know, when people talk about whether he hustled or not. No, he hustled for real. He did. Oh, I saw it. Because they still talk about it, even up to today. I saw it for real. Wow. You know, you saw everybody down there. And so when I got put out the military, I was put out the military for... What? No, let's go back to that. You say you put out the military for... I won't want to go out the military. I want to get a spot with Jay-Z again because I got something to say about that. Now, what did you say about Jay-Z?  Yeah. My partner Phazon said that he did not hustle. These vague dope stories that don't add up, you can listen to Pee, how to make crack to this and say, that nigga's so cocaine. It's too precise. It's too... Yeah.  Because I never hear the other side of it. Only here I'm buying Benzes, I'm buying Rolexes, I'm buying Jaguars. Maybe he's just smart about it. Maybe he's just smart about it.  It's the real story.  And he said he wasn't a real D-boy. Now, tell me how you come up with that he did. Okay, I saw that. You know, I saw that. I'm a triptist of all about Phazon. You know, and I love Phazon. He would see somebody I want to meet one day. Well, I'll be with him in about another two weeks. Oh, man, I love him, man. Jay-Z, yeah, yeah. Yeah, let's talk about that, Jay-Z, like I said, I love Jay-Force for the entrepreneurship. Not far as the music, I'm not a big Jay-Fan.


So it's going to be a really nice continuous of the real stuff, because I'm going to talk about innate profiling. And basically it's kind of the 21st version of the 21st century version of the fingerprint. You know, maybe in this pause I can describe what we are doing here, actually we are doing experiment. And we are trying to be using just the library from 10 random people, actually we are exactly here, like 10 of these people. And based on this the library people are trying to predict and tell what's the gender of the person. So how does this work, actually we will describe later. 1982, 20 years old girl was killed in the middle of England. And the point is that after 4 years, a year of the same city, and now 40 years old girl was killed. And the same crimes, everything really looked similar. And then he just found the one guy who reached the bottom, and he suspected as a killer. But there's one problem, there's not enough proof. And there's one issue with him, that he is mentally sick. And he's changing my degree very frequently. So the question is, is reaching the bottom really criminal or not? The second snapshot, DNA paternity testing. This kid, we have a kid, we have two parents. And we have an investigation, we really want to know, is this two parents really parents to this kid? Or there's another minor woman parents to this kid. So basically, the main question across here, how the stories which I just told you, the criminal story, this story related to each other. And the thing is that we're pretty related, because under the hood, there's one method which both stories utilize to really to answer for the two questions. Like question, who is the criminal and the second one, who is the father and who is the mom. But basically, I just want to kind of convince you that this method, that actually finger bleeding was really method which may break through in one century ago. But now, I would say the new version of the finger printing, it's actually DNA finger printing. And this method is really making and have done huge revolution in the field of criminalistic, especially. But the problem with finger printing, DNA finger printing is actually pretty clear. Imagine, we have our finger prints from the crime scene, let's say in some bottle, and you have 10 suspected people. And what should you do? You should just take the finger prints of these people and try to find the emerge, try to find the person who has the very similar finger prints. Okay, it's fine, but how can we do with DNA? What should we do with DNA? To really find the magic in person to person and all of the modern criminals who are actually pretty smart. We're kind of using gloves or something like this. But basically, based on, I don't know, piece of saliva, piece of the blood, can we find who is who? And actually we can. But to really understand how we can do it, we should go from heart to bottom. So, we know that there we have all our body consists of the cells. And inside the cell there's a chromosome, and in chromosomes there's a DNA. But actually, what I'm showing here, this is actually a super nice experiment you have done in a year in university. We actually were taking cells from the check, sorry, and making a suspension of them, and actually making drop of their cells on a piece of glass. And the point is when this cell is crashing against this glass, we're actually exploding. And all things from inside, like spreading around with this glass. And basically, using some special colors, you can see the chromosomes. This is a really chromosome of two different persons. And the question is, do we see any difference between one sample and another sample? I guess it's more hard. Yes, so the point is every person has 22 chromosomes, 22 pairs of chromosomes. One from one, one from another, from father. But there's one special pair, this kind of gender pair. One, in the case of men, it's XY, in the case of a female, it's X-Tis. And these two samples, we can see there's a difference between them, one of them for a man and one for a woman. Okay, it's fine. Now we really understand how to distinguish men and like female and male samples. But the question is, how can we distinguish samples from different females or from different males? So you trust me, we cannot use this method. The chromosomes look really pretty similar, like within females or within males. So we should really go deeper, we should go deeper and we should go on a level of the molecular level. But there's one problem, we really should zoom like six orders. It's really hard to imagine what does it mean, six orders or nine orders. And really to say to you what does it mean, how to compare, how to make a feeling, what does it mean. Imagine this, this is the diameter of this pen is actually, as well as the same as the diameter of DNA. We have kind of special world like this. And the point is, in this imagination world, one meter distance going to be a distance between a center of Earth to the Moon. So it's really super hard to work with such scale. And we should really invest in our technologies to do it. But first of all, we should really understand what DNA is. So DNA is a linear hetero polymer. And what does it mean polymer? Basically polymer is a special type of molecules where we have certain blocks. And these blocks are repeated. In the case of DNA, it's really linear. And the thing is that these blocks can be the same, but can be different. And in the case of DNA, these blocks actually were really different. That's why we named DNA hetero polymer. Because one block can be either adenine, either cytosine, either guadine, either thymine. And for simplicity we just named them A-C-G-T. And the thing is that DNA double stranded. It's super tricky actually, polymer. We have not just one strand, linear strand, we have two strands. And we're really interacting between each other. When you see there's a small interaction between them, and we're really, really weak. The point is if you increase the temperature until 95 degree, which actually we have done anyway. So you're really able to destroy these connections. Okay. The next property is the complementarity rule. Maybe you notice double stranded DNA. And in this double stranded DNA we have just two types of players. A against T and C against G. And nothing else. You will not find the player like A and G. So this is exactly the complementarity rule. Why is it so important? Because it's really dictate how life can multiply yourself. Like how we can replicate ourselves. You just need to kind of destroy yourself, like remove two strands, separate two strands. And based on the complementarity rule, just fill the rest. And as a result, instead of just one DNA, you will have two. So it's exactly the most important property of the life, division. There's another tricky thing. Actually I was ashamed by my first supervisor in the university. I didn't know about this. It's actually super important. So there's a strange direction. You see these sugars. Actually, sorry, it's sugar here. And you see there's a certain direction of this sugar. This actually corner looking all the time on up. And in this case, in this trend, sugar looking down. Actually as a result, people say, okay, let's say this going to be forward direction is going to reverse direction. Perfect. Why it's so important? And there's a small reason for this. There's a machine, actually molecular machine, which doing actually replication of DNA. So first of all, this machine needs certain situations when you have a single strand DNA and small piece here. You know, you rename this piece like a primer, because DNA cannot start from, sorry, DNA cannot start from the empty place, DNA cannot really get some primer. And DNA cannot really find this primer, sitting in this place. And next asking, okay, on this strength, which should we attack standing right now? Okay, T. So I should really catch from the surrounding of the cell catch adenine and insert inside, insert this DNA. And, etc., we see there's a gene, so we should insert, based on the complementary to C, we see here C, and we should insert G in the front. And the actual thing, maybe you noticed, there's actually three bolts here. And in DNA, there's just one ball. And actually, these building blocks were actually pretty clever made. In the same time, we're building blocks, but in the same time, we're butt batteries, we're kind of energetic batteries. So pulling rice is kind of, you know, terrodynamic machine, and it needs some energy to do some stuff. And this is exactly the, this machine is finding the energy. So, yeah, sorry. So, okay, let's come back to our previous question. What's different between people? And actually, maybe you know, there's one key difference, mutations. And actually, I would say this is most important difference between all of us. We have actually, in general, we have one mutation per average, which make difference me and you. One huge genome. And actually, it's not, it's not, except mutation, there's one more difference. And actually, it's actually really important to say about this difference. And this difference is microstatolide. Basically, it just means that in a certain position of genome, we can have either one gene, but either five gene. So somehow it happened that the number of the nucleotides in certain positions were very variable. So it can be either one, in my case, in one chromosome, and five in another chromosome. But in the case of Lyon, for example, this can be six and seven. And actually, the thing is, this is exactly our thing to bring, if you think about mutations and these repeats. But if you come back to the 80s, cool 80s, you will understand that it's much easier to measure the length when measure which nucleotides you have in certain position. And actually, what we're doing here is actually super close to not to the mutations, but it's really working on the principle measuring on the length of this microstatolide. So how we can measure this length back to the 80s? So in order to really measure this, we need actually one important thing. Julie, you're small, show me. Okay, thank you. So this is, it's not dangerous, it's out of the equation. So this is exactly like agarose. Maybe some of you know, so what is it? Like, actually, I think in the kitchen, in my mom kitchen, I for sure can find agarose because she's using it for jelly and super nice things. But basically, on molecular level, agarose looks like a jungle. There's a lot of trees. And if you are small mouse, if you are small dename, you can really pass through this jungle super fast and super far away. But if you are huge elephant, or huge dename, it's super hard to make several meters, walk forward. And this is actually super applied to the dename thing. It's super jelly. So, just think about the mouse, as I said. Mouse can walk like this, elephant as well. But the point is how a dename can walk. The point is we utilize one super important property of dename that's dename negatively charged. And as a result, we can use this machine. Can I touch it? We can use this machine to make electric fuel. So, because the dename is a negative charge, we can put dename into this gel, into this jungle, and force dename by electric field to move through this jungle. So, as a result, we really can separate short dename and long dename. And actually, this is exactly what we're doing here right now because there's 165 volts and dename walking. I will stop for a second. And you see there's a kind of, you see this color. There's exactly dename going on. Okay, it's not pretty dename. It's actually a special color which going in front of, let's say, single nuclear diet. One nuclear, it's super small mouse, let's say. And it's just showing you the front of the dename. And actually, right now, I can't even experiment because we need higher resolution. We need to give them more time for mouse and elephants to go forward. So, but let's say you want to do it in addition at home. As I said, you can find agarose at home. Don't worry, it's written like homolecular biology can happen. So, what should we do? You should, to make this gel, which you actually touched, you should take water, put the agarose inside, and boil it in microwave, easy. And the second thing, and it's super important, you should add a special colorful compound. This special compound super dangerous. It's actually super toxic. Because this compound interpolate, like biting very strong with dename. So, whatever biting to the dename by default is muta putagena generator, let's say. So, and the thing is that's next to make some sort of shape of this gel, we are putting it in this fancy box. And that's it. So, the next, actually, next step, which you should make. You should actually understand what's polymerase chain reaction is. First of all, when I say polymerase, but when I say chain reaction, what are you thinking about? Like, what's your imagination, how it's working? What kind of, what's, ah? New hairball. Yeah, actually, Julie, my girlfriend, she told me, domino effect, yeah. But in my brain, it was a, sorry, nuclear explosion. And the, but actually, the thing is that you can do nuclear explosion, let's say, in a safe way, in a lab. You just have to add this, you remember, polymerase, dename polymerase. And you should have six components. First of all, it's really important. You should have passion. It's, we really repeated this experiment numerous amount of time. And the real story, Julie, for several days, for the results, deep, et cetera. So, it was really a lot of work. And it's not working from the first time. And you should really optimize a lot. The one piece problem is actually it's a lot of from the people. Because it can be different. Let's look like this. Sometimes it's super hard to clean it and et cetera. So, as I said, you need to have some sample, biological sample, actually, it can be not just saliva, it can be blood, it can be piece of skin, it can be nail, and whatever, you can imagine. Yeah, hair, of course. And one of the most important thing why it's named polymerase chain reaction, you should add the poly, sorry, not just polymerase, it should add spicy hot polymerase. What do I mean spicy hot? It just means that this polymerase should really be stable in the boiling water. In 95 degrees, you know, if you put X in 95 degrees for a long period of time, you will have denaturation of the F. But if you put the spicy hot polymerase, it should be stable. It should be functional all the time. You may ask, where did you find this polymerase, spicy hot polymerase? No, we didn't find this in Mexico. We actually found the thing in Yellowstone Park in the United States. There's a special bacterias, I think we're living in the United States, we're living in a hot spring, and a super red stable, like to live in this temperature. Okay, and one more thing, you need building blocks. Remember, I told you, we need all four building blocks for polymerase to work. One more thing, and actually we will understand later, we need a liquid nucleotide. How did you find this liquid nucleotide? It's actually now a question. We went to FBI website, and we found specific liquid nucleotides which used for the criminals. We really ordered several liquid nucleotides using money from the government. Let's not talk about this. So, and the last thing, so super watered, you should have cool and hot green machine. What are you cool and hot? It's just this machine, it's kind of the refrigerator, but at the same time it's a boiler. So, it's kind of a machine which can change temperature super fast. And actually, next you will understand why it's so hot. So, we took all these six things together, especially passions, and put in one tube. And actually, if you imagine this tube, we have just a few DNAs because usually criminals are living in just one air, not like all air from the head. And our lovely spicy hot boiling rice, which amount of nucleotides, if we phosphate, and the oligonucleotides. And everything going on super peaceful in 24 degrees. Everything fine. But we may increase temperature until 95 degrees. So, we basically, we almost boiling water. But most of the things which are going on here, they actually destroy connection between DNA, between two strands. You can separate them completely. This was connection between two strands, now there's another. And the thing is, next we're decreasing temperature. But not until 24 degrees, we're decreasing until 72. The point is that there's a bacterias from Yellowstone Park were living in 72 degrees and were feeling really pretty comfortable in 72 degrees. And this polymerase evolutionally was made in such a way that this polymerase perfectly working in 72 degrees. But not 73, not 71, perfectly adjusting 72 degrees. We're decreasing this temperature until 72 degrees. This oligonucleotides, which we found in the FBI list, in the FBI website, we kind of found the region, and the region on DNA, or where we complemented two. And we designed this, sorry, FBI, designed this oligonucleotides in such a way that's why kind of we're sitting just before repeat region and just after repeat region. And actually it's super important because this oligonucleotides will allow us to multiply, to amplify especially specifically this region just before and just like, just between these two oligonucleotides. So we increase until 72 degrees. Oligonucleotides found complementarity there. And the spicy hot polymerase found this superfinding combination. And it stopped working. We give some time, give actually a few dozen seconds. And polymerase hardly growing and work, do a job like finding nucleotides and searching, finding out that it's searching, moving forward. And the point is, and now we kind of closing our loop, we're increasing again temperature until 95 degree. And now just make a impression. This is what was previous 95 degree. We have seven pieces of DNA here. But now, when we increase the second time 95 degrees, we have already two times more DNA inside of the tube. And the thing is that's actually, there's a reason why we need this reaction as a chain reaction. Because after every step of increasing 95 degrees, decreasing 72 degrees, increasing the 95, we just increasing number of DNA of this specific region even two times. And the point is we're doing this 30 cycles. So basically if you just have one DNA in the tube, I don't know, it's actually happened sometimes. For example, if you know about the other project, sometimes it's really very hard to find any DNA in the bones. But if you're speaking about criminals, criminals can have just one hair here or one cell. And after 30 cycles, just one DNA will give us two in the power of 30 products. So imagine we are really increasing amount drastically. And the thing is that we're increasing amount of DNA so much that we already will be able to see this by body. You remember this interpolating color like we used to prepare gel? Not this gel which you are actually touching right now. Gel which is sitting here. This interpolating compound just highlighted the DNA where there's a huge amount of DNA. And actually the electrophoresis allows us to separate these pieces. Okay, let's go through the example DNA paternity test. Imagine father, well, has like in certain position on genome have one repeat of G and three repeat of G on the navochromosome because we're not one father. So and the female has two repeats on one chromosome and four repeats on the navochromosome. And now if you take the samples from them and put them in a gel like after all these VCR things after cleaning, blah, blah, blah, you will see like such picture. This is positive charge DNA started from the up and down. And as a result, a small mice mouse pass really far away like close to the positive charge to the anode. And the second one is two lengths like two nucleotides, three nucleotides and four nucleotides. And the point is let's imagine we have a kid. We kind of, we give one chromosome father gave kid one chromosome, one gave a navochromosome. And as a result, we can have just one of the fourth combination. We can have either combination in the case of kid one, two, one, four, either three, two, three, four. So in this case, I just show the example of the, actually as you see one and four. So if you run this really real situation like this, you will say, hmm, look at this. We kind of seen that this kid can be generated by this parents. This distribution can be generated by this parents. And basically the problem, there's just one small problem that's this one, one and four for kid can generate a two person from the street. It can happen by chance. That's two person from the street have the same repeats. And how we can solve it, this problem? The thing is that this repeat regions, it's not just one repeat region in our genome. There's a multiple. For example, in FBI using 16 regions to detect criminals. And there's actually a lot of this repeat regions in our genome and very highly variable. And to really to increase the robustness of our method, if we measure not just one repeat, we measure 16 to decrease really probability that's just two random people from the street can generate a button for a random kid. And okay, let's come back to the criminal story. The thing is that the first girl was killed in 1982. The second girl was killed in 1986. And but this method of measuring of length of microsatellites was invented in 1984. And actually investigators get to know about this method. And I say, let's try to use this. And what we have done, first of all, two really fast steps. First step, we mentioned the, sorry to say, we measured the sperm from the both girls. And we proved that the person who killed them is the same person. We really measured the length of this satellite and we're shown that's where it's similar. So this is the same person. And next thing, which we have done, you remember this poor guy, Richard Buckland. Actually, we just compared the repeats of the Richard Buckland and the sperm and we're sure that this is completely two different persons. So Richard Buckland, not criminal at all. And next, this was routine actually because you should really find a person who has this pattern of the repeats, this amount of repeats in this chromosome, this amount of repeats in this chromosome. And actually, we kind of really forced population of several cities around this criminal place, forced to give biological material every month. And six months, we're doing this experiment which we're doing right now. And these are the new success. Until the moment when one person, person X came to the police station and said, you know, where's one guy in the city calling pitchfork? He's paying me $200 pounds every month due to the length that I go and give you the biological sample instead of him. So that's why this police station, police people came to this person game and took the biological samples from him and proved that's actually exactly calling pitchfork is the criminal and he killed these two girls. And the thing is, there's a historically very important thing that it was the first, first precedent in the law that one person was kind of moved to the jail and his criminality was improved by DNA testing. Okay, let's come back to our test. In this experiment actually we just took, I should use this computer, sorry. So we just took samples from 10 people in this room. Actually, can you raise the hand? Like, she running for sure. Like, I took the, like 10 samples. And I didn't make actually any paternity test. That's not like this. And actually I would say that if you're going to do, if you're going to do paternity test without informing person, and you're going to do paternity test using his biological material, you'll pay $5,000 in Germany and it's actually in several countries you can go to the jail. So be careful about this. And I was careful, but I measured just actually one thing. I measured just a white person. We just took the, we know that's kind of we had 10 people and actually four of them, I think we were like the girls. And the girls we do not have white, white chromosome and girls have. And we just made a PCR reaction. Were you ready? So, okay, sorry. We just made a PCR reaction against white chromosome. That's it. So it just means that in the case of guys you should have a band. But in the case of girls, you shouldn't. So let's kind of make this camera. So, I'm sorry for this. You see anything? Yeah. So, can you close your eyes? So, okay, I just put 70, okay? So, the thing is that this is UV lamp. You remember this colorful thing? Yeah. There's a colorful thing making some sort of light or some sort of weight when we kind of making like lights in this color, this compound by UV lamp. Actually super strong UV lamp. You should not look at this UV lamp without special defense. Can I do like this? No, you can't. The thing is, I don't know, do you mind if I think correct? Me? Okay. So, oh, I'm sorry. Okay. So, the thing is that, oh, okay, look. Guy, guy, you see this band? Oh, sorry, I'm sorry. Sorry. Yeah, I mentioned this. You know, actually, it's our joke. It's gonna be a lot of pain for the eyes. I don't speak about catenoma or like melanoma, blah, blah. I'm speaking about painful things, eyes. So, the first two persons, first two persons guys, like one guy and we see the light, you see? So, it just means, yeah, yeah, super cool. This guy has a white cross on. Boris, of course I'm here, of course I'm here with him. I didn't, perfect, sorry. Boris also have, Aliona, are you here? Aliona's here, but she never, he can't call her back. She doesn't have a white cross on, as well as Diana. Hey! What's the size of that? Joe, I'm sorry, okay. Alex, okay, Alex also have, like Alex, okay. You have, actually, it's a white cross on, sorry. Okay, I'm sorry, but she made mistakes inside.  Now, you can imagine, you really need passion for these things, like, and yeah. Anyway, so Julia also have, she doesn't have, sorry, she doesn't have, you're welcome to the men's club. So, yeah, actually, the last slide, I just want to say, really thank you to Julia. She really supported me a lot in all this, I got enough experience. And I also want to thanks to a huge amount of people who gave us so much love, so much support. And I also want to thank you to all the people who gave us this live, if you question what they're doing, why keep my slides, it's my biological material, you should not sequence it, et cetera. We kind of officially say, we just want to check, do we have live from us or not? So, that's it.


There are plenty of motivational gurus out there who tell everyone to pursue their dreams and not to give up no matter what. Winners never quit and quitters never win they say. But too many times these so called gurus offer advice which is rarely tested and only sounds good in a lecture, but does not work so well in practice. In this video I will tell you a story of how not only after managing to reach my dream job I decided to quit it and later realized that it was the best decision I ever made, but also how I even experienced being a self-help guru myself until I witnessed the limitations of such a path. It took me around 8 years of hard work from the moment I conceived of a dream to become a full-time martial art instructor until the moment I opened up my school when I was 22. At the beginning it was everything I ever wanted, with great financial success included. I was able to make a living from doing what I love and being independent. Of course, running my own school was not easy and there were plenty of challenges on the way, but for the first few years I deeply enjoyed doing this work regardless. Yet little did I know that 7 years into it I will make a difficult decision to shut it all down, and not due to financial, but instead personal reasons. While there are some technical aspects to why I became disillusioned, which are based on martial arts theory, a more relatable reason that led me to this decision of quitting my dream job came from a much more human place. In the beginning I was convinced that I was the goat, having my extensive aikido education, while also teaching yoga and meditation, practices that I learned when I was a full-time student living in a martial arts school for three years. Having knowledge in all of these free areas, I was led to believe by my instructor that I am ready to teach, and not only that, but to also be a sort of a spiritual guru or life coach if you will, even though I was not directly educated in these fields. I always wanted to help people and to be an inspiring figure, so the idea that I was ready to serve others was very appealing to me. My intentions and the image of a spiritual teacher that I've developed was also approved and celebrated by my students. I've had over 100 active members simultaneously, led constant workshops and was well known and regarded in my area. Yet without going deep into the details, with time passing I started to witness my limitations and to question whether I was really well enough experienced and educated for such a job. Of course I had a great education in the martial art of aikido, which at the time I was practicing for over 15 years, but was I really ready to be a yoga, meditation and spiritual teacher? The fact that many of my students approved what I was teaching seemed like a sign that everything was going well, but the more I questioned my work, the more I came to realize that too many of my offered solutions were based on past on beliefs and knowledge, which little of was actually tested and proved in evidence-based studies or scientific ways. And the more I looked at it all, the more I realized that I was fooling not only others, but also myself. The case wasn't entirely bad, and not everything that I said was wrong. I did my best to be honest and to teach only what I really believed in myself, but it was still becoming more and more clear to me that having good intentions was not enough. Despite being liked and admired by my students, I started to feel a growing conflict within me. After teaching a friday evening aikido class, I left my school with everyone happy besides myself. I felt like an imposter teaching things which I believed less and less in, and the negative feeling within me was so strong that it led me to a realization that I have to have a conversation with myself. I sat down by a lake and asked myself what could be the solution here. The first answer that came to me was, what if I would decide to quit it all? What if I would close my school and commit to a different path which I believed in? At the moment I had already started training combat sports, a very different practice from aikido which was much more reliable and I was considering investing more time into it. I also already had a secondary source of income, which was my main youtube channel. At the time though, it was much smaller than it is now, and I wouldn't have been able to make a living from it the way it was back then, but I trusted my gut and my work ethic, that if I would put all my energy into it, I would be able to grow my channel to make enough money for a living. It was the risky decision with no guarantees, but I had faith in myself, yet something was still holding me back. As I continued my internal conversation, I thought to myself, this is such a crazy decision, I've invested so much time and energy into making my dream a reality, what will my members do without me? But then I asked myself another question, would I continue to run my school because I really wanted to, or instead, because I was afraid that if I will quit, I don't know what repercussions that will have and how other people will perceive me. That is when I came to understand that the only reason I would have continued to run my school would have been motivated by fear and that was something I was not willing to allow. I realized then and there that no matter how long I would have continued to run my school, with little faith in what I do, I would have had little motivation to really strive to do it well, what would have most likely led to a decrease in quality of teaching and eventually to closing my school out of necessity, or the internal conflict that I had would have continued to grow and I would have just postponed the inevitable shutting down of my school intentionally. The latter consideration also reminded me of the sunkost fallacy, a term used in economics, business and decision making. The term sunk cost itself refers to the cost, be it financial, time or even energy that has already been invested and that cannot be recovered. The fallacy aspect of it points to the bias we have towards things we've already invested in, even when it may work against our favor and to the theory of loss aversion, which argues that people are more willing to take risks to avoid a loss than to make a gain since the pain of losing is psychologically about twice as powerful as the pleasure of gaining. In other words, even when part of us sees and understands that something is going nowhere or even if things are getting worse, psychologically we feel drawn to continue despite it since we don't want dramatic change or the painful feeling of loss created by quitting or stopping something we've invested in already. Put together, basically sunkost fallacy refers to how much time, money, energy or any other currency we lose since the moment we realize that things will end one way or another but continue nonetheless. Keeping all of this in mind, I realized that as difficult as it all was, I had to be brave and to cut it all now instead of waiting any longer. While I closed down my school in a process which lasted about a couple of months, I made the decision to do it then and there and the next day I already announced the decision to my members. The surprise of people around me was much greater than I expected. People couldn't believe that's something that I worked to make into reality for many years, what was also the main source of my livelihood, I decided to entirely drop. And not only the school, but I keyed out yoga and meditation too, something that I had been doing for over 15 years. But while making that decision was not easy, I did not flinch even once after I made it. At the very moment of the decision, I honestly didn't know what and how I will do exactly, but yet again, I trusted my work ethic and commitment to whatever I will decide to work on next. Without any delay, I started putting all of my focus on my YouTube channel as planned, making sure that it will continue to grow to a point from which I could sustain myself financially, and since now I had all the time on my hands, in a matter of months I've managed to reach that point. Also, after about a couple of weeks of closing my school, I've discovered a full-time program of training combat sports that was organized by a person I knew in the United States. I realized that it was the perfect opportunity for me to commit to learning what I wanted to learn at the time, and it was also complementary to the themes of my YouTube channel, which made the decision even more reliable. With the help of the organizer of the program, within a few months I've moved to the United States, where I fulfilled yet another of my dreams. I've trained combat sports full-time for six months and eventually had an MA fight, which was an item on my bucket list. My journey eventually became followed by more than 100,000 people across the whole globe and led me to many other amazing places and individuals that I would have never met if I would have continued to stay in my safe, self-created bubble. The decision to quit my dream job and to ditch something I learned that was actually superficial was not easy, but looking back now I realized that was the best decision I've ever made in my life, without which so many incredible things would have happened. But I also want to point out that quitting on its own would have not sufficed. The fact that I already had a sizable following on YouTube and was already making some money, the fact that I invested all of my free time into my other projects, the fact that I looked for new opportunities and jumped on them, and that I relied on a very intense work ethic, all of it made my decision of quitting a success. But aside from the importance of hard work and productivity, with this video I wanted to touch upon the point of quitting itself too. As mentioned before, quitting is not embraced by our society and more often than not people do not recognize the difference between quitting and losing. Losing is the event of undesirable results, which happened to us, but conscious quitting is not the same. Conscious strategic quitting is a decision that we make by ourselves, even if at times it is a painful one, recognizing that continuing to be on a road which is not favorable for you would end up only wasting time and energy in the long run, which potentially could be invested into a better and more productive place. Too many people find themselves at workplaces which they despise, toxic relationships that they should have quit a long time ago, or business projects that they continue to run only on pride. Quitting should not be done carelessly, nor at peak of an emotional panic. It should be considered and done wisely, especially if you find yourself experiencing the sun-cost fallacy effect. Yet once again, I will repeat myself and say, quitting and losing is not the same. If you are interested in the art of quality quitting, I've made another video looking at why winners quit all the time, and also shared a story of Thomas who pursued his passion and eventually decided to quit it, a decision he did not regret. I will also continue to make more videos exploring the subject of quality quitting and debunking various myths about success, so subscribe to the journey to know when the next video is out. This is Rokas, and I wish you to work hard, smart, and purposefully.